id sid tid token lemma pos 5180 1 1 IN in IN 5180 1 2 THE the DT 5180 1 3 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 1 4 STATES STATES NNP 5180 1 5 DISTRICT district NN 5180 1 6 COURT court NN 5180 1 7 FOR for IN 5180 1 8 THE the DT 5180 1 9 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 5180 1 10 DISTRICT DISTRICT NNP 5180 1 11 OF of IN 5180 1 12 PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA NNP 5180 1 13 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 5180 1 14 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 5180 1 15 ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION NNP 5180 1 16 , , , 5180 1 17 : : : 5180 1 18 CIVIL CIVIL NNP 5180 1 19 ACTION ACTION NNP 5180 1 20 INC INC NNP 5180 1 21 . . NNP 5180 1 22 , , , 5180 1 23 et et NNP 5180 1 24 al al NNP 5180 1 25 . . . 5180 2 1 : : : 5180 2 2 : : : 5180 2 3 v. v. IN 5180 2 4 : : : 5180 2 5 : : : 5180 2 6 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 2 7 STATES STATES NNP 5180 2 8 , , , 5180 2 9 et et NNP 5180 2 10 al al NNP 5180 2 11 . . . 5180 3 1 : : : 5180 3 2 NO no UH 5180 3 3 . . . 5180 4 1 01 01 CD 5180 4 2 - - HYPH 5180 4 3 1303 1303 CD 5180 4 4 - - HYPH 5180 4 5 - - HYPH 5180 4 6 - - HYPH 5180 4 7 - - HYPH 5180 4 8 - - HYPH 5180 4 9 - - HYPH 5180 4 10 - - HYPH 5180 4 11 - - HYPH 5180 4 12 - - HYPH 5180 4 13 - - HYPH 5180 4 14 - - HYPH 5180 4 15 - - HYPH 5180 4 16 - - HYPH 5180 4 17 - - HYPH 5180 4 18 - - HYPH 5180 4 19 - - HYPH 5180 4 20 - - HYPH 5180 4 21 - - HYPH 5180 4 22 - - HYPH 5180 4 23 - - HYPH 5180 4 24 - - HYPH 5180 4 25 - - HYPH 5180 4 26 - - HYPH 5180 4 27 - - HYPH 5180 4 28 - - HYPH 5180 4 29 - - HYPH 5180 4 30 - - HYPH 5180 4 31 - - HYPH 5180 4 32 - - HYPH 5180 4 33 - - HYPH 5180 4 34 - - HYPH 5180 4 35 - - HYPH 5180 4 36 - - HYPH 5180 4 37 MULTNOMAH multnomah JJ 5180 4 38 COUNTY COUNTY NNP 5180 4 39 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNS 5180 4 40 : : : 5180 4 41 CIVIL civil NN 5180 4 42 ACTION action NN 5180 4 43 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 5180 4 44 , , , 5180 4 45 et et NNP 5180 4 46 al al NNP 5180 4 47 . . . 5180 5 1 : : : 5180 5 2 : : : 5180 5 3 v. v. IN 5180 5 4 : : : 5180 5 5 : : : 5180 5 6 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 5 7 STATES state NNS 5180 5 8 OF of IN 5180 5 9 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 5180 5 10 , , , 5180 5 11 et et NNP 5180 5 12 al al NNP 5180 5 13 . . . 5180 6 1 : : : 5180 6 2 NO no UH 5180 6 3 . . . 5180 7 1 01 01 CD 5180 7 2 - - SYM 5180 7 3 1322 1322 CD 5180 7 4 Before before IN 5180 7 5 : : : 5180 7 6 BECKER BECKER NNP 5180 7 7 , , , 5180 7 8 Chief Chief NNP 5180 7 9 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 7 10 Judge Judge NNP 5180 7 11 , , , 5180 7 12 FULLAM FULLAM NNP 5180 7 13 and and CC 5180 7 14 BARTLE BARTLE NNP 5180 7 15 , , , 5180 7 16 District District NNP 5180 7 17 Judges Judges NNPS 5180 7 18 . . . 5180 8 1 OPINION opinion NN 5180 8 2 OF of IN 5180 8 3 THE the DT 5180 8 4 COURT COURT NNP 5180 8 5 May May NNP 5180 8 6 31 31 CD 5180 8 7 , , , 5180 8 8 2002 2002 CD 5180 8 9 Becker Becker NNP 5180 8 10 , , , 5180 8 11 Chief Chief NNP 5180 8 12 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 8 13 Judge Judge NNP 5180 8 14 CONTENTS CONTENTS NNP 5180 8 15 I. i. NN 5180 9 1 Preliminary Preliminary NNP 5180 9 2 Statement Statement NNP 5180 9 3 II II NNP 5180 9 4 . . . 5180 10 1 Findings finding NNS 5180 10 2 of of IN 5180 10 3 Fact Fact NNP 5180 10 4 A. a. NN 5180 10 5 Statutory Statutory NNP 5180 10 6 Framework Framework NNP 5180 10 7 1 1 CD 5180 10 8 . . . 5180 11 1 Nature nature NN 5180 11 2 and and CC 5180 11 3 Operation operation NN 5180 11 4 of of IN 5180 11 5 the the DT 5180 11 6 E e NN 5180 11 7 - - NN 5180 11 8 rate rate NN 5180 11 9 and and CC 5180 11 10 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 11 11 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 11 12 2 2 CD 5180 11 13 . . . 5180 12 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 12 2 a. a. NN 5180 12 3 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 12 4 's 's POS 5180 12 5 Amendments amendment NNS 5180 12 6 to to IN 5180 12 7 the the DT 5180 12 8 E e NN 5180 12 9 - - NN 5180 12 10 rate rate NN 5180 12 11 Program Program NNP 5180 12 12 b. b. NN 5180 12 13 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 12 14 's 's POS 5180 12 15 Amendments Amendments NNPS 5180 12 16 to to IN 5180 12 17 the the DT 5180 12 18 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 12 19 Program Program NNP 5180 12 20 B. B. NNP 5180 13 1 Identity identity NN 5180 13 2 of of IN 5180 13 3 the the DT 5180 13 4 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 13 5 1 1 CD 5180 13 6 . . . 5180 14 1 Library Library NNP 5180 14 2 and and CC 5180 14 3 Library Library NNP 5180 14 4 Association Association NNP 5180 14 5 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 14 6 2 2 CD 5180 14 7 . . . 5180 15 1 Patron Patron NNP 5180 15 2 and and CC 5180 15 3 Patron Patron NNP 5180 15 4 Association Association NNP 5180 15 5 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 15 6 3 3 CD 5180 15 7 . . . 5180 16 1 Web web NN 5180 16 2 Publisher Publisher NNP 5180 16 3 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 16 4 C. C. NNP 5180 16 5 The the DT 5180 16 6 Internet internet NN 5180 16 7 1 1 CD 5180 16 8 . . . 5180 17 1 Background Background NNP 5180 17 2 2 2 CD 5180 17 3 . . . 5180 18 1 The the DT 5180 18 2 Indexable Indexable NNP 5180 18 3 Web Web NNP 5180 18 4 , , , 5180 18 5 the the DT 5180 18 6 " " `` 5180 18 7 Deep deep JJ 5180 18 8 Web web NN 5180 18 9 " " '' 5180 18 10 ; ; : 5180 18 11 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 18 12 Size size NN 5180 18 13 and and CC 5180 18 14 Rates Rates NNPS 5180 18 15 of of IN 5180 18 16 Growth Growth NNP 5180 18 17 and and CC 5180 18 18 Change Change NNP 5180 18 19 3 3 CD 5180 18 20 . . . 5180 19 1 The the DT 5180 19 2 Amount Amount NNP 5180 19 3 of of IN 5180 19 4 Sexually Sexually NNP 5180 19 5 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 19 6 Material Material NNP 5180 19 7 on on IN 5180 19 8 the the DT 5180 19 9 Web Web NNP 5180 19 10 D. D. NNP 5180 19 11 American American NNP 5180 19 12 Public Public NNP 5180 19 13 Libraries Libraries NNP 5180 19 14 1 1 CD 5180 19 15 . . . 5180 20 1 The the DT 5180 20 2 Mission Mission NNP 5180 20 3 of of IN 5180 20 4 Public Public NNP 5180 20 5 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 20 6 , , , 5180 20 7 and and CC 5180 20 8 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 20 9 Reference Reference NNP 5180 20 10 and and CC 5180 20 11 Collection Collection NNP 5180 20 12 Development Development NNP 5180 20 13 Practices Practices NNPS 5180 20 14 2 2 CD 5180 20 15 . . . 5180 21 1 The the DT 5180 21 2 Internet internet NN 5180 21 3 in in IN 5180 21 4 Public Public NNP 5180 21 5 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 21 6 a. a. NN 5180 21 7 Internet internet NN 5180 21 8 Use use VBP 5180 21 9 Policies policy NNS 5180 21 10 in in IN 5180 21 11 Public Public NNP 5180 21 12 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 21 13 b. b. NN 5180 22 1 Methods method NNS 5180 22 2 for for IN 5180 22 3 Regulating Regulating NNP 5180 22 4 Internet Internet NNP 5180 22 5 Use Use NNP 5180 22 6 E. E. NNP 5180 22 7 Internet Internet NNP 5180 22 8 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 22 9 Technology Technology NNP 5180 22 10 1 1 CD 5180 22 11 . . . 5180 23 1 What what WP 5180 23 2 Is be VBZ 5180 23 3 Filtering filter VBG 5180 23 4 Software software NN 5180 23 5 , , , 5180 23 6 Who who WP 5180 23 7 Makes make VBZ 5180 23 8 It -PRON- PRP 5180 23 9 , , , 5180 23 10 and and CC 5180 23 11 What what WP 5180 23 12 Does do VBZ 5180 23 13 It -PRON- PRP 5180 23 14 Do do VB 5180 23 15 ? ? . 5180 24 1 2 2 LS 5180 24 2 . . . 5180 25 1 The the DT 5180 25 2 Methods Methods NNPS 5180 25 3 that that IN 5180 25 4 Filtering filter VBG 5180 25 5 Companies company NNS 5180 25 6 Use use VBP 5180 25 7 to to IN 5180 25 8 Compile Compile NNP 5180 25 9 Category Category NNP 5180 25 10 Lists Lists NNPS 5180 25 11 a. a. NN 5180 26 1 The the DT 5180 26 2 " " `` 5180 26 3 Harvesting Harvesting NNP 5180 26 4 " " '' 5180 26 5 Phase phase NN 5180 26 6 b. b. NN 5180 27 1 The the DT 5180 27 2 " " `` 5180 27 3 Winnowing winnowing NN 5180 27 4 " " '' 5180 27 5 or or CC 5180 27 6 Categorization Categorization NNP 5180 27 7 Phase Phase NNP 5180 27 8 c. c. NN 5180 27 9 The the DT 5180 27 10 Process Process NNP 5180 27 11 for for IN 5180 27 12 " " `` 5180 27 13 Re Re NNP 5180 27 14 - - NN 5180 27 15 Reviewing reviewing NN 5180 27 16 " " '' 5180 27 17 Web web NN 5180 27 18 Pages page NNS 5180 27 19 After after IN 5180 27 20 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 27 21 Initial Initial NNP 5180 27 22 Categorization categorization NN 5180 27 23 3 3 CD 5180 27 24 . . . 5180 28 1 The the DT 5180 28 2 Inherent inherent JJ 5180 28 3 Tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 28 4 Between between IN 5180 28 5 Overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 28 6 and and CC 5180 28 7 Underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 28 8 4 4 CD 5180 28 9 . . . 5180 29 1 Attempts attempt NNS 5180 29 2 to to TO 5180 29 3 Quantify quantify VB 5180 29 4 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 29 5 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 29 6 ' ' POS 5180 29 7 Rates Rates NNPS 5180 29 8 of of IN 5180 29 9 Over- Over- NNP 5180 29 10 and and CC 5180 29 11 Underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 29 12 5 5 CD 5180 29 13 . . . 5180 30 1 Methods method NNS 5180 30 2 of of IN 5180 30 3 Obtaining obtain VBG 5180 30 4 Examples Examples NNPS 5180 30 5 of of IN 5180 30 6 Erroneously erroneously RB 5180 30 7 Blocked block VBN 5180 30 8 Web Web NNP 5180 30 9 Sites Sites NNPS 5180 30 10 6 6 CD 5180 30 11 . . . 5180 31 1 Examples example NNS 5180 31 2 of of IN 5180 31 3 Erroneously erroneously RB 5180 31 4 Blocked block VBN 5180 31 5 Web Web NNP 5180 31 6 Sites Sites NNPS 5180 31 7 7 7 CD 5180 31 8 . . . 5180 32 1 Conclusion conclusion NN 5180 32 2 : : : 5180 32 3 The the DT 5180 32 4 Effectiveness Effectiveness NNP 5180 32 5 of of IN 5180 32 6 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 32 7 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 32 8 III III NNP 5180 32 9 . . . 5180 33 1 Analytic Analytic NNP 5180 33 2 Framework Framework NNP 5180 33 3 for for IN 5180 33 4 the the DT 5180 33 5 Opinion opinion NN 5180 33 6 : : : 5180 33 7 The the DT 5180 33 8 Centrality Centrality NNP 5180 33 9 of of IN 5180 33 10 Dole Dole NNP 5180 33 11 and and CC 5180 33 12 the the DT 5180 33 13 Role role NN 5180 33 14 of of IN 5180 33 15 the the DT 5180 33 16 Facial Facial NNP 5180 33 17 Challenge Challenge NNP 5180 33 18 IV IV NNP 5180 33 19 . . . 5180 34 1 Level level NN 5180 34 2 of of IN 5180 34 3 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 34 4 Applicable applicable JJ 5180 34 5 to to IN 5180 34 6 Content content NN 5180 34 7 - - HYPH 5180 34 8 based base VBN 5180 34 9 Restrictions Restrictions NNPS 5180 34 10 on on IN 5180 34 11 Internet Internet NNP 5180 34 12 Access Access NNP 5180 34 13 in in IN 5180 34 14 Public Public NNP 5180 34 15 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 34 16 A. A. NNP 5180 34 17 Overview Overview NNP 5180 34 18 of of IN 5180 34 19 Public Public NNP 5180 34 20 Forum Forum NNP 5180 34 21 Doctrine Doctrine NNP 5180 34 22 B. B. NNP 5180 34 23 Contours Contours NNP 5180 34 24 of of IN 5180 34 25 the the DT 5180 34 26 Relevant Relevant NNP 5180 34 27 Forum Forum NNP 5180 34 28 : : : 5180 34 29 the the DT 5180 34 30 Library Library NNP 5180 34 31 's 's POS 5180 34 32 Collection Collection NNP 5180 34 33 as as IN 5180 34 34 a a DT 5180 34 35 Whole Whole NNP 5180 34 36 or or CC 5180 34 37 the the DT 5180 34 38 Provision Provision NNP 5180 34 39 of of IN 5180 34 40 Internet Internet NNP 5180 34 41 Access Access NNP 5180 34 42 ? ? . 5180 35 1 C. C. NNP 5180 35 2 Content Content NNP 5180 35 3 - - HYPH 5180 35 4 based base VBN 5180 35 5 Restrictions Restrictions NNPS 5180 35 6 in in IN 5180 35 7 Designated Designated NNP 5180 35 8 Public Public NNP 5180 35 9 Fora Fora NNP 5180 35 10 D. D. NNP 5180 35 11 Reasons Reasons NNP 5180 35 12 for for IN 5180 35 13 Applying apply VBG 5180 35 14 Strict Strict NNP 5180 35 15 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 35 16 1 1 CD 5180 35 17 . . . 5180 36 1 Selective Selective NNP 5180 36 2 Exclusion exclusion NN 5180 36 3 From from IN 5180 36 4 a a DT 5180 36 5 " " `` 5180 36 6 Vast Vast NNP 5180 36 7 Democratic Democratic NNP 5180 36 8 Forum Forum NNP 5180 36 9 " " '' 5180 36 10 2 2 CD 5180 36 11 . . . 5180 37 1 Analogy analogy NN 5180 37 2 to to IN 5180 37 3 Traditional Traditional NNP 5180 37 4 Public Public NNP 5180 37 5 Fora Fora NNP 5180 37 6 V. V. NNP 5180 37 7 Application Application NNP 5180 37 8 of of IN 5180 37 9 Strict Strict NNP 5180 37 10 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 37 11 A. a. NN 5180 38 1 State State NNP 5180 38 2 Interests Interests NNP 5180 38 3 1 1 CD 5180 38 4 . . . 5180 39 1 Preventing prevent VBG 5180 39 2 the the DT 5180 39 3 Dissemination Dissemination NNP 5180 39 4 of of IN 5180 39 5 Obscenity Obscenity NNP 5180 39 6 , , , 5180 39 7 Child Child NNP 5180 39 8 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 39 9 , , , 5180 39 10 and and CC 5180 39 11 Material Material NNP 5180 39 12 Harmful Harmful NNP 5180 39 13 to to IN 5180 39 14 Minors Minors NNP 5180 39 15 2 2 CD 5180 39 16 . . . 5180 40 1 Protecting protect VBG 5180 40 2 the the DT 5180 40 3 Unwilling Unwilling NNP 5180 40 4 Viewer Viewer NNP 5180 40 5 3 3 CD 5180 40 6 . . . 5180 41 1 Preventing prevent VBG 5180 41 2 Unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 41 3 or or CC 5180 41 4 Inappropriate Inappropriate NNP 5180 41 5 Conduct Conduct NNP 5180 41 6 4 4 CD 5180 41 7 . . . 5180 42 1 Summary Summary NNP 5180 42 2 B. B. NNP 5180 43 1 Narrow narrow JJ 5180 43 2 Tailoring tailoring NN 5180 43 3 C. C. NNP 5180 43 4 Less Less NNP 5180 43 5 Restrictive Restrictive NNP 5180 43 6 Alternatives Alternatives NNP 5180 43 7 D. D. NNP 5180 43 8 Do do VBP 5180 43 9 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 43 10 's 's POS 5180 43 11 Disabling Disabling NNP 5180 43 12 Provisions Provisions NNPS 5180 43 13 Cure Cure NNP 5180 43 14 the the DT 5180 43 15 Defect defect NN 5180 43 16 ? ? . 5180 44 1 VI VI NNP 5180 44 2 . . . 5180 45 1 Conclusion conclusion NN 5180 45 2 ; ; : 5180 45 3 Severability severability NN 5180 45 4 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 5180 45 5 1 1 CD 5180 45 6 . . . 5180 46 1 Preliminary Preliminary NNP 5180 46 2 Statement Statement NNP 5180 46 3 This this DT 5180 46 4 case case NN 5180 46 5 challenges challenge VBZ 5180 46 6 an an DT 5180 46 7 act act NN 5180 46 8 of of IN 5180 46 9 Congress Congress NNP 5180 46 10 that that WDT 5180 46 11 makes make VBZ 5180 46 12 the the DT 5180 46 13 use use NN 5180 46 14 of of IN 5180 46 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 46 16 software software NN 5180 46 17 by by IN 5180 46 18 public public JJ 5180 46 19 libraries library NNS 5180 46 20 a a DT 5180 46 21 condition condition NN 5180 46 22 of of IN 5180 46 23 the the DT 5180 46 24 receipt receipt NN 5180 46 25 of of IN 5180 46 26 federal federal JJ 5180 46 27 funding funding NN 5180 46 28 . . . 5180 47 1 The the DT 5180 47 2 Internet internet NN 5180 47 3 , , , 5180 47 4 as as IN 5180 47 5 is be VBZ 5180 47 6 well well RB 5180 47 7 known know VBN 5180 47 8 , , , 5180 47 9 is be VBZ 5180 47 10 a a DT 5180 47 11 vast vast JJ 5180 47 12 , , , 5180 47 13 interactive interactive JJ 5180 47 14 medium medium NN 5180 47 15 based base VBN 5180 47 16 on on IN 5180 47 17 a a DT 5180 47 18 decentralized decentralized JJ 5180 47 19 network network NN 5180 47 20 of of IN 5180 47 21 computers computer NNS 5180 47 22 around around IN 5180 47 23 the the DT 5180 47 24 world world NN 5180 47 25 . . . 5180 48 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 48 2 most most RBS 5180 48 3 familiar familiar JJ 5180 48 4 feature feature NN 5180 48 5 is be VBZ 5180 48 6 the the DT 5180 48 7 World World NNP 5180 48 8 Wide Wide NNP 5180 48 9 Web web NN 5180 48 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 48 11 the the DT 5180 48 12 " " `` 5180 48 13 Web web NN 5180 48 14 " " '' 5180 48 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 48 16 , , , 5180 48 17 a a DT 5180 48 18 network network NN 5180 48 19 of of IN 5180 48 20 computers computer NNS 5180 48 21 known know VBN 5180 48 22 as as IN 5180 48 23 servers server NNS 5180 48 24 that that WDT 5180 48 25 provide provide VBP 5180 48 26 content content NN 5180 48 27 to to IN 5180 48 28 users user NNS 5180 48 29 . . . 5180 49 1 The the DT 5180 49 2 Internet internet NN 5180 49 3 provides provide VBZ 5180 49 4 easy easy JJ 5180 49 5 access access NN 5180 49 6 to to IN 5180 49 7 anyone anyone NN 5180 49 8 who who WP 5180 49 9 wishes wish VBZ 5180 49 10 to to TO 5180 49 11 provide provide VB 5180 49 12 or or CC 5180 49 13 distribute distribute VB 5180 49 14 information information NN 5180 49 15 to to IN 5180 49 16 a a DT 5180 49 17 worldwide worldwide JJ 5180 49 18 audience audience NN 5180 49 19 ; ; : 5180 49 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 49 21 is be VBZ 5180 49 22 used use VBN 5180 49 23 by by IN 5180 49 24 more more JJR 5180 49 25 than than IN 5180 49 26 143 143 CD 5180 49 27 million million CD 5180 49 28 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 49 29 . . . 5180 50 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 50 2 , , , 5180 50 3 much much JJ 5180 50 4 of of IN 5180 50 5 the the DT 5180 50 6 world world NN 5180 50 7 's 's POS 5180 50 8 knowledge knowledge NN 5180 50 9 accumulated accumulate VBN 5180 50 10 over over IN 5180 50 11 centuries century NNS 5180 50 12 is be VBZ 5180 50 13 available available JJ 5180 50 14 to to IN 5180 50 15 Internet internet NN 5180 50 16 users user NNS 5180 50 17 almost almost RB 5180 50 18 instantly instantly RB 5180 50 19 . . . 5180 51 1 Approximately approximately RB 5180 51 2 10 10 CD 5180 51 3 % % NN 5180 51 4 of of IN 5180 51 5 the the DT 5180 51 6 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 51 7 who who WP 5180 51 8 use use VBP 5180 51 9 the the DT 5180 51 10 Internet internet NN 5180 51 11 access access NN 5180 51 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 51 13 at at IN 5180 51 14 public public JJ 5180 51 15 libraries library NNS 5180 51 16 . . . 5180 52 1 And and CC 5180 52 2 approximately approximately RB 5180 52 3 95 95 CD 5180 52 4 % % NN 5180 52 5 of of IN 5180 52 6 all all DT 5180 52 7 public public JJ 5180 52 8 libraries library NNS 5180 52 9 in in IN 5180 52 10 the the DT 5180 52 11 United United NNP 5180 52 12 States States NNP 5180 52 13 provide provide VBP 5180 52 14 public public JJ 5180 52 15 access access NN 5180 52 16 to to IN 5180 52 17 the the DT 5180 52 18 Internet internet NN 5180 52 19 . . . 5180 53 1 While while IN 5180 53 2 the the DT 5180 53 3 beneficial beneficial JJ 5180 53 4 effect effect NN 5180 53 5 of of IN 5180 53 6 the the DT 5180 53 7 Internet internet NN 5180 53 8 in in IN 5180 53 9 expanding expand VBG 5180 53 10 the the DT 5180 53 11 amount amount NN 5180 53 12 of of IN 5180 53 13 information information NN 5180 53 14 available available JJ 5180 53 15 to to IN 5180 53 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 53 17 users user NNS 5180 53 18 is be VBZ 5180 53 19 self self NN 5180 53 20 - - HYPH 5180 53 21 evident evident JJ 5180 53 22 , , , 5180 53 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 53 24 low low JJ 5180 53 25 entry entry NN 5180 53 26 barriers barrier NNS 5180 53 27 have have VBP 5180 53 28 also also RB 5180 53 29 led lead VBN 5180 53 30 to to IN 5180 53 31 a a DT 5180 53 32 perverse perverse JJ 5180 53 33 result result NN 5180 53 34 – – : 5180 53 35 facilitation facilitation NN 5180 53 36 of of IN 5180 53 37 the the DT 5180 53 38 widespread widespread JJ 5180 53 39 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 53 40 of of IN 5180 53 41 hardcore hardcore JJ 5180 53 42 pornography pornography NN 5180 53 43 within within IN 5180 53 44 the the DT 5180 53 45 easy easy JJ 5180 53 46 reach reach NN 5180 53 47 not not RB 5180 53 48 only only RB 5180 53 49 of of IN 5180 53 50 adults adult NNS 5180 53 51 who who WP 5180 53 52 have have VBP 5180 53 53 every every DT 5180 53 54 right right NN 5180 53 55 to to TO 5180 53 56 access access VB 5180 53 57 it -PRON- PRP 5180 53 58 ( ( -LRB- 5180 53 59 so so RB 5180 53 60 long long RB 5180 53 61 as as IN 5180 53 62 it -PRON- PRP 5180 53 63 is be VBZ 5180 53 64 not not RB 5180 53 65 legally legally RB 5180 53 66 obscene obscene JJ 5180 53 67 or or CC 5180 53 68 child child NN 5180 53 69 pornography pornography NN 5180 53 70 ) ) -RRB- 5180 53 71 , , , 5180 53 72 but but CC 5180 53 73 also also RB 5180 53 74 of of IN 5180 53 75 children child NNS 5180 53 76 and and CC 5180 53 77 adolescents adolescent NNS 5180 53 78 to to TO 5180 53 79 whom whom WP 5180 53 80 it -PRON- PRP 5180 53 81 may may MD 5180 53 82 be be VB 5180 53 83 quite quite RB 5180 53 84 harmful harmful JJ 5180 53 85 . . . 5180 54 1 The the DT 5180 54 2 volume volume NN 5180 54 3 of of IN 5180 54 4 pornography pornography NN 5180 54 5 on on IN 5180 54 6 the the DT 5180 54 7 Internet internet NN 5180 54 8 is be VBZ 5180 54 9 huge huge JJ 5180 54 10 , , , 5180 54 11 and and CC 5180 54 12 the the DT 5180 54 13 record record NN 5180 54 14 before before IN 5180 54 15 us -PRON- PRP 5180 54 16 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 5180 54 17 that that IN 5180 54 18 public public JJ 5180 54 19 library library NN 5180 54 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 54 21 of of IN 5180 54 22 all all DT 5180 54 23 ages age NNS 5180 54 24 , , , 5180 54 25 many many JJ 5180 54 26 from from IN 5180 54 27 ages age NNS 5180 54 28 11 11 CD 5180 54 29 to to IN 5180 54 30 15 15 CD 5180 54 31 , , , 5180 54 32 have have VBP 5180 54 33 regularly regularly RB 5180 54 34 sought seek VBN 5180 54 35 to to TO 5180 54 36 access access VB 5180 54 37 it -PRON- PRP 5180 54 38 in in IN 5180 54 39 public public JJ 5180 54 40 library library NN 5180 54 41 settings setting NNS 5180 54 42 . . . 5180 55 1 There there EX 5180 55 2 are be VBP 5180 55 3 more more JJR 5180 55 4 than than IN 5180 55 5 100,000 100,000 CD 5180 55 6 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 55 7 Web web NN 5180 55 8 sites site NNS 5180 55 9 that that WDT 5180 55 10 can can MD 5180 55 11 be be VB 5180 55 12 accessed access VBN 5180 55 13 for for IN 5180 55 14 free free JJ 5180 55 15 and and CC 5180 55 16 without without IN 5180 55 17 providing provide VBG 5180 55 18 any any DT 5180 55 19 registration registration NN 5180 55 20 information information NN 5180 55 21 , , , 5180 55 22 and and CC 5180 55 23 tens ten NNS 5180 55 24 of of IN 5180 55 25 thousands thousand NNS 5180 55 26 of of IN 5180 55 27 Web web NN 5180 55 28 sites site NNS 5180 55 29 contain contain VBP 5180 55 30 child child NN 5180 55 31 pornography pornography NN 5180 55 32 . . . 5180 56 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 56 2 have have VBP 5180 56 3 reacted react VBN 5180 56 4 to to IN 5180 56 5 this this DT 5180 56 6 situation situation NN 5180 56 7 by by IN 5180 56 8 utilizing utilize VBG 5180 56 9 a a DT 5180 56 10 number number NN 5180 56 11 of of IN 5180 56 12 means mean NNS 5180 56 13 designed design VBN 5180 56 14 to to TO 5180 56 15 insure insure VB 5180 56 16 that that IN 5180 56 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 56 18 avoid avoid VBP 5180 56 19 illegal illegal JJ 5180 56 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 56 21 and and CC 5180 56 22 unwanted unwanted JJ 5180 56 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 56 24 content content NN 5180 56 25 while while IN 5180 56 26 also also RB 5180 56 27 enabling enable VBG 5180 56 28 patrons patron NNS 5180 56 29 to to TO 5180 56 30 find find VB 5180 56 31 the the DT 5180 56 32 content content NN 5180 56 33 they -PRON- PRP 5180 56 34 desire desire VBP 5180 56 35 . . . 5180 57 1 Some some DT 5180 57 2 libraries library NNS 5180 57 3 have have VBP 5180 57 4 trained train VBN 5180 57 5 patrons patron NNS 5180 57 6 in in IN 5180 57 7 how how WRB 5180 57 8 to to TO 5180 57 9 use use VB 5180 57 10 the the DT 5180 57 11 Internet internet NN 5180 57 12 while while IN 5180 57 13 avoiding avoid VBG 5180 57 14 illegal illegal JJ 5180 57 15 content content NN 5180 57 16 , , , 5180 57 17 or or CC 5180 57 18 have have VBP 5180 57 19 directed direct VBN 5180 57 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 57 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 57 22 to to IN 5180 57 23 " " `` 5180 57 24 preferred prefer VBN 5180 57 25 " " '' 5180 57 26 Web web NN 5180 57 27 sites site NNS 5180 57 28 that that IN 5180 57 29 librarians librarian NNS 5180 57 30 have have VBP 5180 57 31 reviewed review VBN 5180 57 32 . . . 5180 58 1 Other other JJ 5180 58 2 libraries library NNS 5180 58 3 have have VBP 5180 58 4 utilized utilize VBN 5180 58 5 such such JJ 5180 58 6 devices device NNS 5180 58 7 as as IN 5180 58 8 recessing recess VBG 5180 58 9 the the DT 5180 58 10 computer computer NN 5180 58 11 monitors monitor NNS 5180 58 12 , , , 5180 58 13 installing instal VBG 5180 58 14 privacy privacy NN 5180 58 15 screens screen NNS 5180 58 16 , , , 5180 58 17 and and CC 5180 58 18 monitoring monitoring NN 5180 58 19 implemented implement VBN 5180 58 20 by by IN 5180 58 21 a a DT 5180 58 22 " " `` 5180 58 23 tap tap NN 5180 58 24 on on IN 5180 58 25 the the DT 5180 58 26 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 58 27 " " '' 5180 58 28 of of IN 5180 58 29 patrons patron NNS 5180 58 30 perceived perceive VBN 5180 58 31 to to TO 5180 58 32 be be VB 5180 58 33 offending offend VBG 5180 58 34 library library NN 5180 58 35 policy policy NN 5180 58 36 . . . 5180 59 1 Still still RB 5180 59 2 others other NNS 5180 59 3 , , , 5180 59 4 viewing view VBG 5180 59 5 the the DT 5180 59 6 foregoing forego VBG 5180 59 7 approaches approach NNS 5180 59 8 as as IN 5180 59 9 inadequate inadequate JJ 5180 59 10 or or CC 5180 59 11 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 5180 59 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 59 13 some some DT 5180 59 14 librarians librarian NNS 5180 59 15 do do VBP 5180 59 16 not not RB 5180 59 17 wish wish VB 5180 59 18 to to TO 5180 59 19 confront confront VB 5180 59 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 59 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 59 22 , , , 5180 59 23 have have VBP 5180 59 24 purchased purchase VBN 5180 59 25 commercially commercially RB 5180 59 26 available available JJ 5180 59 27 software software NN 5180 59 28 that that WDT 5180 59 29 blocks block VBZ 5180 59 30 certain certain JJ 5180 59 31 categories category NNS 5180 59 32 of of IN 5180 59 33 material material NN 5180 59 34 deemed deem VBN 5180 59 35 by by IN 5180 59 36 the the DT 5180 59 37 library library NN 5180 59 38 board board NN 5180 59 39 as as IN 5180 59 40 unsuitable unsuitable JJ 5180 59 41 for for IN 5180 59 42 use use NN 5180 59 43 in in IN 5180 59 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 59 45 facilities facility NNS 5180 59 46 . . . 5180 60 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 60 2 , , , 5180 60 3 7 7 CD 5180 60 4 % % NN 5180 60 5 of of IN 5180 60 6 American american JJ 5180 60 7 public public JJ 5180 60 8 libraries library NNS 5180 60 9 use use VBP 5180 60 10 blocking block VBG 5180 60 11 software software NN 5180 60 12 for for IN 5180 60 13 adults adult NNS 5180 60 14 . . . 5180 61 1 Although although IN 5180 61 2 such such JJ 5180 61 3 programs program NNS 5180 61 4 are be VBP 5180 61 5 somewhat somewhat RB 5180 61 6 effective effective JJ 5180 61 7 in in IN 5180 61 8 blocking block VBG 5180 61 9 large large JJ 5180 61 10 quantities quantity NNS 5180 61 11 of of IN 5180 61 12 pornography pornography NN 5180 61 13 , , , 5180 61 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 61 15 are be VBP 5180 61 16 blunt blunt JJ 5180 61 17 instruments instrument NNS 5180 61 18 that that WDT 5180 61 19 not not RB 5180 61 20 only only RB 5180 61 21 " " `` 5180 61 22 underblock underblock NN 5180 61 23 , , , 5180 61 24 " " '' 5180 61 25 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 61 26 , , , 5180 61 27 fail fail VB 5180 61 28 to to TO 5180 61 29 block block VB 5180 61 30 access access NN 5180 61 31 to to IN 5180 61 32 substantial substantial JJ 5180 61 33 amounts amount NNS 5180 61 34 of of IN 5180 61 35 content content NN 5180 61 36 that that IN 5180 61 37 the the DT 5180 61 38 library library NN 5180 61 39 boards board NNS 5180 61 40 wish wish VBP 5180 61 41 to to TO 5180 61 42 exclude exclude VB 5180 61 43 , , , 5180 61 44 but but CC 5180 61 45 also also RB 5180 61 46 , , , 5180 61 47 central central JJ 5180 61 48 to to IN 5180 61 49 this this DT 5180 61 50 litigation litigation NN 5180 61 51 , , , 5180 61 52 " " `` 5180 61 53 overblock overblock NN 5180 61 54 , , , 5180 61 55 " " '' 5180 61 56 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 61 57 , , , 5180 61 58 block block NN 5180 61 59 access access NN 5180 61 60 to to IN 5180 61 61 large large JJ 5180 61 62 quantities quantity NNS 5180 61 63 of of IN 5180 61 64 material material NN 5180 61 65 that that WDT 5180 61 66 library library NN 5180 61 67 boards board NNS 5180 61 68 do do VBP 5180 61 69 not not RB 5180 61 70 wish wish VB 5180 61 71 to to TO 5180 61 72 exclude exclude VB 5180 61 73 and and CC 5180 61 74 that that DT 5180 61 75 is be VBZ 5180 61 76 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 61 77 protected protect VBN 5180 61 78 . . . 5180 62 1 Most Most JJS 5180 62 2 of of IN 5180 62 3 the the DT 5180 62 4 libraries library NNS 5180 62 5 that that WDT 5180 62 6 use use VBP 5180 62 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 62 8 software software NN 5180 62 9 seek seek VBP 5180 62 10 to to TO 5180 62 11 block block VB 5180 62 12 sexually sexually RB 5180 62 13 explicit explicit JJ 5180 62 14 speech speech NN 5180 62 15 . . . 5180 63 1 While while IN 5180 63 2 most most JJS 5180 63 3 libraries library NNS 5180 63 4 include include VBP 5180 63 5 in in IN 5180 63 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 63 7 physical physical JJ 5180 63 8 collection collection NN 5180 63 9 copies copy NNS 5180 63 10 of of IN 5180 63 11 volumes volume NNS 5180 63 12 such such JJ 5180 63 13 as as IN 5180 63 14 The the DT 5180 63 15 Joy Joy NNP 5180 63 16 of of IN 5180 63 17 Sex Sex NNP 5180 63 18 and and CC 5180 63 19 The the DT 5180 63 20 Joy Joy NNP 5180 63 21 of of IN 5180 63 22 Gay Gay NNP 5180 63 23 Sex Sex NNP 5180 63 24 , , , 5180 63 25 which which WDT 5180 63 26 contain contain VBP 5180 63 27 quite quite RB 5180 63 28 explicit explicit JJ 5180 63 29 photographs photograph NNS 5180 63 30 and and CC 5180 63 31 descriptions description NNS 5180 63 32 , , , 5180 63 33 filtering filter VBG 5180 63 34 software software NN 5180 63 35 blocks block VBZ 5180 63 36 large large JJ 5180 63 37 quantities quantity NNS 5180 63 38 of of IN 5180 63 39 other other JJ 5180 63 40 , , , 5180 63 41 comparable comparable JJ 5180 63 42 information information NN 5180 63 43 about about IN 5180 63 44 health health NN 5180 63 45 and and CC 5180 63 46 sexuality sexuality NN 5180 63 47 that that WDT 5180 63 48 adults adult NNS 5180 63 49 and and CC 5180 63 50 teenagers teenager NNS 5180 63 51 seek seek VBP 5180 63 52 on on IN 5180 63 53 the the DT 5180 63 54 Web web NN 5180 63 55 . . . 5180 64 1 One one CD 5180 64 2 teenager teenager NN 5180 64 3 testified testify VBD 5180 64 4 that that IN 5180 64 5 the the DT 5180 64 6 Internet internet NN 5180 64 7 access access NN 5180 64 8 in in IN 5180 64 9 a a DT 5180 64 10 public public JJ 5180 64 11 library library NN 5180 64 12 was be VBD 5180 64 13 the the DT 5180 64 14 only only JJ 5180 64 15 venue venue NN 5180 64 16 in in IN 5180 64 17 which which WDT 5180 64 18 she -PRON- PRP 5180 64 19 could could MD 5180 64 20 obtain obtain VB 5180 64 21 information information NN 5180 64 22 important important JJ 5180 64 23 to to IN 5180 64 24 her -PRON- PRP 5180 64 25 about about IN 5180 64 26 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 64 27 own own JJ 5180 64 28 sexuality sexuality NN 5180 64 29 . . . 5180 65 1 Another another DT 5180 65 2 library library NN 5180 65 3 patron patron NN 5180 65 4 witness witness NN 5180 65 5 described describe VBN 5180 65 6 using use VBG 5180 65 7 the the DT 5180 65 8 Internet internet NN 5180 65 9 to to TO 5180 65 10 research research VB 5180 65 11 breast breast NN 5180 65 12 cancer cancer NN 5180 65 13 and and CC 5180 65 14 reconstructive reconstructive JJ 5180 65 15 surgery surgery NN 5180 65 16 for for IN 5180 65 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 65 18 mother mother NN 5180 65 19 who who WP 5180 65 20 had have VBD 5180 65 21 breast breast NN 5180 65 22 surgery surgery NN 5180 65 23 . . . 5180 66 1 Even even RB 5180 66 2 though though IN 5180 66 3 some some DT 5180 66 4 filtering filtering NN 5180 66 5 programs program NNS 5180 66 6 contain contain VBP 5180 66 7 exceptions exception NNS 5180 66 8 for for IN 5180 66 9 health health NN 5180 66 10 and and CC 5180 66 11 education education NN 5180 66 12 , , , 5180 66 13 the the DT 5180 66 14 exceptions exception NNS 5180 66 15 do do VBP 5180 66 16 not not RB 5180 66 17 solve solve VB 5180 66 18 the the DT 5180 66 19 problem problem NN 5180 66 20 of of IN 5180 66 21 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 66 22 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 66 23 protected protect VBN 5180 66 24 material material NN 5180 66 25 . . . 5180 67 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 67 2 , , , 5180 67 3 as as IN 5180 67 4 we -PRON- PRP 5180 67 5 explain explain VBP 5180 67 6 below below IN 5180 67 7 , , , 5180 67 8 the the DT 5180 67 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 67 10 software software NN 5180 67 11 on on IN 5180 67 12 which which WDT 5180 67 13 the the DT 5180 67 14 parties party NNS 5180 67 15 presented present VBD 5180 67 16 evidence evidence NN 5180 67 17 in in IN 5180 67 18 this this DT 5180 67 19 case case NN 5180 67 20 overblocks overblock VBZ 5180 67 21 not not RB 5180 67 22 only only RB 5180 67 23 information information NN 5180 67 24 relating relate VBG 5180 67 25 to to IN 5180 67 26 health health NN 5180 67 27 and and CC 5180 67 28 sexuality sexuality NN 5180 67 29 that that WDT 5180 67 30 might may MD 5180 67 31 be be VB 5180 67 32 mistaken mistake VBN 5180 67 33 for for IN 5180 67 34 pornography pornography NN 5180 67 35 or or CC 5180 67 36 erotica erotica NN 5180 67 37 , , , 5180 67 38 but but CC 5180 67 39 also also RB 5180 67 40 vast vast JJ 5180 67 41 numbers number NNS 5180 67 42 of of IN 5180 67 43 Web web NN 5180 67 44 pages page NNS 5180 67 45 and and CC 5180 67 46 sites site NNS 5180 67 47 that that WDT 5180 67 48 could could MD 5180 67 49 not not RB 5180 67 50 even even RB 5180 67 51 arguably arguably RB 5180 67 52 be be VB 5180 67 53 construed construe VBN 5180 67 54 as as IN 5180 67 55 harmful harmful JJ 5180 67 56 or or CC 5180 67 57 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 67 58 for for IN 5180 67 59 adults adult NNS 5180 67 60 or or CC 5180 67 61 minors minor NNS 5180 67 62 . . . 5180 68 1 The the DT 5180 68 2 Congress Congress NNP 5180 68 3 , , , 5180 68 4 sharing share VBG 5180 68 5 the the DT 5180 68 6 concerns concern NNS 5180 68 7 of of IN 5180 68 8 many many JJ 5180 68 9 library library NN 5180 68 10 boards board NNS 5180 68 11 , , , 5180 68 12 enacted enact VBD 5180 68 13 the the DT 5180 68 14 Children Children NNPS 5180 68 15 's 's POS 5180 68 16 Internet Internet NNP 5180 68 17 Protection Protection NNP 5180 68 18 Act Act NNP 5180 68 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 68 20 " " `` 5180 68 21 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 68 22 " " '' 5180 68 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 68 24 , , , 5180 68 25 Pub Pub NNP 5180 68 26 . . . 5180 69 1 L. L. NNP 5180 69 2 No no UH 5180 69 3 . . . 5180 70 1 106 106 CD 5180 70 2 - - SYM 5180 70 3 554 554 CD 5180 70 4 , , , 5180 70 5 which which WDT 5180 70 6 makes make VBZ 5180 70 7 the the DT 5180 70 8 use use NN 5180 70 9 of of IN 5180 70 10 filters filter NNS 5180 70 11 by by IN 5180 70 12 a a DT 5180 70 13 public public JJ 5180 70 14 library library NN 5180 70 15 a a DT 5180 70 16 condition condition NN 5180 70 17 of of IN 5180 70 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 70 19 receipt receipt NN 5180 70 20 of of IN 5180 70 21 two two CD 5180 70 22 kinds kind NNS 5180 70 23 of of IN 5180 70 24 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 70 25 that that WDT 5180 70 26 are be VBP 5180 70 27 important important JJ 5180 70 28 ( ( -LRB- 5180 70 29 or or CC 5180 70 30 even even RB 5180 70 31 critical critical JJ 5180 70 32 ) ) -RRB- 5180 70 33 to to IN 5180 70 34 the the DT 5180 70 35 budgets budget NNS 5180 70 36 of of IN 5180 70 37 many many JJ 5180 70 38 public public JJ 5180 70 39 libraries library NNS 5180 70 40 – – : 5180 70 41 grants grant NNS 5180 70 42 under under IN 5180 70 43 the the DT 5180 70 44 Library Library NNP 5180 70 45 Services Services NNPS 5180 70 46 and and CC 5180 70 47 Technology Technology NNP 5180 70 48 Act Act NNP 5180 70 49 , , , 5180 70 50 20 20 CD 5180 70 51 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 71 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 71 2 . . . 5180 72 1 9101 9101 CD 5180 72 2 et et NN 5180 72 3 seq seq NN 5180 72 4 . . . 5180 73 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 73 2 " " `` 5180 73 3 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 73 4 " " '' 5180 73 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 73 6 , , , 5180 73 7 and and CC 5180 73 8 so so RB 5180 73 9 - - HYPH 5180 73 10 called call VBN 5180 73 11 " " `` 5180 73 12 E e NN 5180 73 13 - - NN 5180 73 14 rate rate NN 5180 73 15 discounts discount NNS 5180 73 16 " " '' 5180 73 17 for for IN 5180 73 18 Internet internet NN 5180 73 19 access access NN 5180 73 20 and and CC 5180 73 21 support support NN 5180 73 22 under under IN 5180 73 23 the the DT 5180 73 24 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS 5180 73 25 Act Act NNP 5180 73 26 , , , 5180 73 27 47 47 CD 5180 73 28 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 74 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 74 2 . . . 5180 75 1 254 254 CD 5180 75 2 . . . 5180 76 1 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 76 2 grant grant NN 5180 76 3 funds fund NNS 5180 76 4 are be VBP 5180 76 5 awarded award VBN 5180 76 6 , , , 5180 76 7 inter inter NNP 5180 76 8 alia alia NNP 5180 76 9 , , , 5180 76 10 in in IN 5180 76 11 order order NN 5180 76 12 to to TO 5180 76 13 : : : 5180 76 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 76 15 1 1 LS 5180 76 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 76 17 assist assist VB 5180 76 18 libraries library NNS 5180 76 19 in in IN 5180 76 20 accessing access VBG 5180 76 21 information information NN 5180 76 22 through through IN 5180 76 23 electronic electronic JJ 5180 76 24 networks network NNS 5180 76 25 , , , 5180 76 26 and and CC 5180 76 27 ( ( -LRB- 5180 76 28 2 2 LS 5180 76 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 76 30 provide provide VB 5180 76 31 targeted targeted JJ 5180 76 32 library library NN 5180 76 33 and and CC 5180 76 34 information information NN 5180 76 35 services service NNS 5180 76 36 to to IN 5180 76 37 persons person NNS 5180 76 38 having have VBG 5180 76 39 difficulty difficulty NN 5180 76 40 using use VBG 5180 76 41 a a DT 5180 76 42 library library NN 5180 76 43 and and CC 5180 76 44 to to IN 5180 76 45 underserved underserved JJ 5180 76 46 and and CC 5180 76 47 rural rural JJ 5180 76 48 communities community NNS 5180 76 49 , , , 5180 76 50 including include VBG 5180 76 51 children child NNS 5180 76 52 from from IN 5180 76 53 families family NNS 5180 76 54 with with IN 5180 76 55 incomes income NNS 5180 76 56 below below IN 5180 76 57 the the DT 5180 76 58 poverty poverty NN 5180 76 59 line line NN 5180 76 60 . . . 5180 77 1 E e NN 5180 77 2 - - NN 5180 77 3 rate rate NN 5180 77 4 discounts discount NNS 5180 77 5 serve serve VBP 5180 77 6 the the DT 5180 77 7 similar similar JJ 5180 77 8 purpose purpose NN 5180 77 9 of of IN 5180 77 10 extending extend VBG 5180 77 11 Internet internet NN 5180 77 12 access access NN 5180 77 13 to to IN 5180 77 14 schools school NNS 5180 77 15 and and CC 5180 77 16 libraries library NNS 5180 77 17 in in IN 5180 77 18 low low JJ 5180 77 19 - - HYPH 5180 77 20 income income NN 5180 77 21 communities community NNS 5180 77 22 . . . 5180 78 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 78 2 requires require VBZ 5180 78 3 that that IN 5180 78 4 libraries library NNS 5180 78 5 , , , 5180 78 6 in in IN 5180 78 7 order order NN 5180 78 8 to to TO 5180 78 9 receive receive VB 5180 78 10 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 78 11 funds fund NNS 5180 78 12 or or CC 5180 78 13 E e NN 5180 78 14 - - NN 5180 78 15 rate rate NN 5180 78 16 discounts discount NNS 5180 78 17 , , , 5180 78 18 certify certify VB 5180 78 19 that that IN 5180 78 20 they -PRON- PRP 5180 78 21 are be VBP 5180 78 22 using use VBG 5180 78 23 a a DT 5180 78 24 " " `` 5180 78 25 technology technology NN 5180 78 26 protection protection NN 5180 78 27 measure measure NN 5180 78 28 " " '' 5180 78 29 that that WDT 5180 78 30 prevents prevent VBZ 5180 78 31 patrons patron NNS 5180 78 32 from from IN 5180 78 33 accessing access VBG 5180 78 34 " " `` 5180 78 35 visual visual JJ 5180 78 36 depictions depiction NNS 5180 78 37 " " '' 5180 78 38 that that WDT 5180 78 39 are be VBP 5180 78 40 " " `` 5180 78 41 obscene obscene JJ 5180 78 42 , , , 5180 78 43 " " '' 5180 78 44 " " `` 5180 78 45 child child NN 5180 78 46 pornography pornography NN 5180 78 47 , , , 5180 78 48 " " '' 5180 78 49 or or CC 5180 78 50 in in IN 5180 78 51 the the DT 5180 78 52 case case NN 5180 78 53 of of IN 5180 78 54 minors minor NNS 5180 78 55 , , , 5180 78 56 " " '' 5180 78 57 harmful harmful JJ 5180 78 58 to to IN 5180 78 59 minors minor NNS 5180 78 60 . . . 5180 78 61 " " '' 5180 79 1 20 20 CD 5180 79 2 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 80 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 80 2 . . . 5180 81 1 9134(f)(1)(A 9134(f)(1)(a LS 5180 81 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 81 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 81 4 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 81 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 81 6 ; ; : 5180 81 7 47 47 CD 5180 81 8 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 82 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 82 2 . . . 5180 83 1 254(h)(6)(B 254(h)(6)(b LS 5180 83 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 83 3 & & CC 5180 83 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 83 5 C C NNP 5180 83 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 83 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 83 8 E- e- NN 5180 83 9 rate rate NN 5180 83 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 83 11 . . . 5180 84 1 The the DT 5180 84 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 84 3 , , , 5180 84 4 a a DT 5180 84 5 group group NN 5180 84 6 of of IN 5180 84 7 libraries library NNS 5180 84 8 , , , 5180 84 9 library library JJ 5180 84 10 associations association NNS 5180 84 11 , , , 5180 84 12 library library NN 5180 84 13 patrons patron NNS 5180 84 14 , , , 5180 84 15 and and CC 5180 84 16 Web web NN 5180 84 17 site site NN 5180 84 18 publishers publisher NNS 5180 84 19 , , , 5180 84 20 brought bring VBD 5180 84 21 this this DT 5180 84 22 suit suit NN 5180 84 23 against against IN 5180 84 24 the the DT 5180 84 25 United United NNP 5180 84 26 States States NNP 5180 84 27 and and CC 5180 84 28 others other NNS 5180 84 29 alleging allege VBG 5180 84 30 that that IN 5180 84 31 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 84 32 is be VBZ 5180 84 33 facially facially RB 5180 84 34 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 84 35 because because IN 5180 84 36 : : : 5180 84 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 84 38 1 1 LS 5180 84 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 84 40 it -PRON- PRP 5180 84 41 induces induce VBZ 5180 84 42 public public JJ 5180 84 43 libraries library NNS 5180 84 44 to to TO 5180 84 45 violate violate VB 5180 84 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 84 47 patrons patron NNS 5180 84 48 ' ' POS 5180 84 49 First First NNP 5180 84 50 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 84 51 rights right NNS 5180 84 52 contrary contrary RB 5180 84 53 to to IN 5180 84 54 the the DT 5180 84 55 requirements requirement NNS 5180 84 56 of of IN 5180 84 57 South South NNP 5180 84 58 Dakota Dakota NNP 5180 84 59 v. v. IN 5180 84 60 Dole Dole NNP 5180 84 61 , , , 5180 84 62 483 483 CD 5180 84 63 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 84 64 203 203 CD 5180 84 65 ( ( -LRB- 5180 84 66 1987 1987 CD 5180 84 67 ) ) -RRB- 5180 84 68 ; ; : 5180 84 69 and and CC 5180 84 70 ( ( -LRB- 5180 84 71 2 2 LS 5180 84 72 ) ) -RRB- 5180 84 73 it -PRON- PRP 5180 84 74 requires require VBZ 5180 84 75 libraries library NNS 5180 84 76 to to TO 5180 84 77 relinquish relinquish VB 5180 84 78 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 84 79 First First NNP 5180 84 80 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 84 81 rights right NNS 5180 84 82 as as IN 5180 84 83 a a DT 5180 84 84 condition condition NN 5180 84 85 on on IN 5180 84 86 the the DT 5180 84 87 receipt receipt NN 5180 84 88 of of IN 5180 84 89 federal federal JJ 5180 84 90 funds fund NNS 5180 84 91 and and CC 5180 84 92 is be VBZ 5180 84 93 therefore therefore RB 5180 84 94 impermissible impermissible JJ 5180 84 95 under under IN 5180 84 96 the the DT 5180 84 97 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 84 98 of of IN 5180 84 99 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 84 100 conditions condition NNS 5180 84 101 . . . 5180 85 1 In in IN 5180 85 2 arguing argue VBG 5180 85 3 that that IN 5180 85 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 85 5 will will MD 5180 85 6 induce induce VB 5180 85 7 public public JJ 5180 85 8 libraries library NNS 5180 85 9 to to TO 5180 85 10 violate violate VB 5180 85 11 the the DT 5180 85 12 First First NNP 5180 85 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 85 14 , , , 5180 85 15 the the DT 5180 85 16 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 85 17 contend contend VBP 5180 85 18 that that IN 5180 85 19 given give VBN 5180 85 20 the the DT 5180 85 21 limits limit NNS 5180 85 22 of of IN 5180 85 23 the the DT 5180 85 24 filtering filter VBG 5180 85 25 technology technology NN 5180 85 26 , , , 5180 85 27 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 85 28 's 's POS 5180 85 29 conditions condition NNS 5180 85 30 effectively effectively RB 5180 85 31 require require VBP 5180 85 32 libraries library NNS 5180 85 33 to to TO 5180 85 34 impose impose VB 5180 85 35 content content NN 5180 85 36 - - HYPH 5180 85 37 based base VBN 5180 85 38 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 85 39 on on IN 5180 85 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 85 41 patrons patron NNS 5180 85 42 ' ' POS 5180 85 43 access access NN 5180 85 44 to to TO 5180 85 45 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 85 46 protected protect VBN 5180 85 47 speech speech NN 5180 85 48 . . . 5180 86 1 According accord VBG 5180 86 2 to to IN 5180 86 3 the the DT 5180 86 4 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 86 5 , , , 5180 86 6 these these DT 5180 86 7 content- content- XX 5180 86 8 based base VBN 5180 86 9 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 86 10 are be VBP 5180 86 11 subject subject JJ 5180 86 12 to to IN 5180 86 13 strict strict JJ 5180 86 14 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 86 15 under under IN 5180 86 16 public public JJ 5180 86 17 forum forum NN 5180 86 18 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 86 19 , , , 5180 86 20 see see VB 5180 86 21 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 86 22 v. v. IN 5180 86 23 Rector Rector NNP 5180 86 24 & & CC 5180 86 25 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 86 26 of of IN 5180 86 27 Univ Univ NNP 5180 86 28 . . . 5180 87 1 of of IN 5180 87 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 87 3 , , , 5180 87 4 515 515 CD 5180 87 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 87 6 819 819 CD 5180 87 7 , , , 5180 87 8 837 837 CD 5180 87 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 87 10 1995 1995 CD 5180 87 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 87 12 , , , 5180 87 13 and and CC 5180 87 14 are be VBP 5180 87 15 therefore therefore RB 5180 87 16 permissible permissible JJ 5180 87 17 only only RB 5180 87 18 if if IN 5180 87 19 they -PRON- PRP 5180 87 20 are be VBP 5180 87 21 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 87 22 tailored tailor VBN 5180 87 23 to to TO 5180 87 24 further further RB 5180 87 25 a a DT 5180 87 26 compelling compelling JJ 5180 87 27 state state NN 5180 87 28 interest interest NN 5180 87 29 and and CC 5180 87 30 no no DT 5180 87 31 less less RBR 5180 87 32 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 87 33 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 87 34 would would MD 5180 87 35 further far RBR 5180 87 36 that that DT 5180 87 37 interest interest NN 5180 87 38 , , , 5180 87 39 see see VB 5180 87 40 Reno Reno NNP 5180 87 41 v. v. IN 5180 87 42 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 87 43 , , , 5180 87 44 521 521 CD 5180 87 45 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 87 46 844 844 CD 5180 87 47 , , , 5180 87 48 874 874 CD 5180 87 49 ( ( -LRB- 5180 87 50 1997 1997 CD 5180 87 51 ) ) -RRB- 5180 87 52 . . . 5180 88 1 The the DT 5180 88 2 government government NN 5180 88 3 responds respond VBZ 5180 88 4 that that IN 5180 88 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 88 6 will will MD 5180 88 7 not not RB 5180 88 8 induce induce VB 5180 88 9 public public JJ 5180 88 10 libraries library NNS 5180 88 11 to to TO 5180 88 12 violate violate VB 5180 88 13 the the DT 5180 88 14 First First NNP 5180 88 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 88 16 , , , 5180 88 17 since since IN 5180 88 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 88 19 is be VBZ 5180 88 20 possible possible JJ 5180 88 21 for for IN 5180 88 22 at at IN 5180 88 23 least least JJS 5180 88 24 some some DT 5180 88 25 public public JJ 5180 88 26 libraries library NNS 5180 88 27 to to TO 5180 88 28 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 88 29 comply comply VB 5180 88 30 with with IN 5180 88 31 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 88 32 's 's POS 5180 88 33 conditions condition NNS 5180 88 34 . . . 5180 89 1 Even even RB 5180 89 2 if if IN 5180 89 3 some some DT 5180 89 4 libraries library NNS 5180 89 5 ' ' POS 5180 89 6 use use NN 5180 89 7 of of IN 5180 89 8 filters filter NNS 5180 89 9 might may MD 5180 89 10 violate violate VB 5180 89 11 the the DT 5180 89 12 First First NNP 5180 89 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 89 14 , , , 5180 89 15 the the DT 5180 89 16 government government NN 5180 89 17 submits submit VBZ 5180 89 18 that that IN 5180 89 19 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 89 20 can can MD 5180 89 21 be be VB 5180 89 22 facially facially RB 5180 89 23 invalidated invalidate VBN 5180 89 24 only only RB 5180 89 25 if if IN 5180 89 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 89 27 is be VBZ 5180 89 28 impossible impossible JJ 5180 89 29 for for IN 5180 89 30 any any DT 5180 89 31 public public JJ 5180 89 32 library library NN 5180 89 33 to to TO 5180 89 34 comply comply VB 5180 89 35 with with IN 5180 89 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 89 37 conditions condition NNS 5180 89 38 without without IN 5180 89 39 violating violate VBG 5180 89 40 the the DT 5180 89 41 First First NNP 5180 89 42 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 89 43 . . . 5180 90 1 Pursuant pursuant JJ 5180 90 2 to to IN 5180 90 3 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 90 4 , , , 5180 90 5 a a DT 5180 90 6 three three CD 5180 90 7 - - HYPH 5180 90 8 judge judge NN 5180 90 9 Court Court NNP 5180 90 10 was be VBD 5180 90 11 convened convene VBN 5180 90 12 to to TO 5180 90 13 try try VB 5180 90 14 the the DT 5180 90 15 issues issue NNS 5180 90 16 . . . 5180 91 1 Pub pub RB 5180 91 2 . . . 5180 92 1 L. L. NNP 5180 92 2 No no UH 5180 92 3 . . . 5180 93 1 106 106 CD 5180 93 2 - - SYM 5180 93 3 554 554 CD 5180 93 4 . . . 5180 94 1 Following follow VBG 5180 94 2 an an DT 5180 94 3 intensive intensive JJ 5180 94 4 period period NN 5180 94 5 of of IN 5180 94 6 discovery discovery NN 5180 94 7 on on IN 5180 94 8 an an DT 5180 94 9 expedited expedited JJ 5180 94 10 schedule schedule NN 5180 94 11 to to TO 5180 94 12 allow allow VB 5180 94 13 public public JJ 5180 94 14 libraries library NNS 5180 94 15 to to TO 5180 94 16 know know VB 5180 94 17 whether whether IN 5180 94 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 94 19 need need VBP 5180 94 20 to to TO 5180 94 21 certify certify VB 5180 94 22 compliance compliance NN 5180 94 23 with with IN 5180 94 24 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 94 25 by by IN 5180 94 26 July July NNP 5180 94 27 1 1 CD 5180 94 28 , , , 5180 94 29 2002 2002 CD 5180 94 30 , , , 5180 94 31 to to TO 5180 94 32 receive receive VB 5180 94 33 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 94 34 for for IN 5180 94 35 the the DT 5180 94 36 upcoming upcoming JJ 5180 94 37 year year NN 5180 94 38 , , , 5180 94 39 the the DT 5180 94 40 Court Court NNP 5180 94 41 conducted conduct VBD 5180 94 42 an an DT 5180 94 43 eight eight CD 5180 94 44 - - HYPH 5180 94 45 day day NN 5180 94 46 trial trial NN 5180 94 47 at at IN 5180 94 48 which which WDT 5180 94 49 we -PRON- PRP 5180 94 50 heard hear VBD 5180 94 51 20 20 CD 5180 94 52 witnesses witness NNS 5180 94 53 , , , 5180 94 54 and and CC 5180 94 55 received receive VBD 5180 94 56 numerous numerous JJ 5180 94 57 depositions deposition NNS 5180 94 58 , , , 5180 94 59 stipulations stipulation NNS 5180 94 60 and and CC 5180 94 61 documents document NNS 5180 94 62 . . . 5180 95 1 The the DT 5180 95 2 principal principal JJ 5180 95 3 focus focus NN 5180 95 4 of of IN 5180 95 5 the the DT 5180 95 6 trial trial NN 5180 95 7 was be VBD 5180 95 8 on on IN 5180 95 9 the the DT 5180 95 10 capacity capacity NN 5180 95 11 of of IN 5180 95 12 currently currently RB 5180 95 13 available available JJ 5180 95 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 95 15 software software NN 5180 95 16 . . . 5180 96 1 The the DT 5180 96 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 96 3 adduced adduce VBD 5180 96 4 substantial substantial JJ 5180 96 5 evidence evidence NN 5180 96 6 not not RB 5180 96 7 only only RB 5180 96 8 that that IN 5180 96 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 96 10 programs program NNS 5180 96 11 bar bar NN 5180 96 12 access access NN 5180 96 13 to to IN 5180 96 14 a a DT 5180 96 15 substantial substantial JJ 5180 96 16 amount amount NN 5180 96 17 of of IN 5180 96 18 speech speech NN 5180 96 19 on on IN 5180 96 20 the the DT 5180 96 21 Internet internet NN 5180 96 22 that that WDT 5180 96 23 is be VBZ 5180 96 24 clearly clearly RB 5180 96 25 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 96 26 protected protect VBN 5180 96 27 for for IN 5180 96 28 adults adult NNS 5180 96 29 and and CC 5180 96 30 minors minor NNS 5180 96 31 , , , 5180 96 32 but but CC 5180 96 33 also also RB 5180 96 34 that that IN 5180 96 35 these these DT 5180 96 36 programs program NNS 5180 96 37 are be VBP 5180 96 38 intrinsically intrinsically RB 5180 96 39 unable unable JJ 5180 96 40 to to TO 5180 96 41 block block VB 5180 96 42 only only RB 5180 96 43 illegal illegal JJ 5180 96 44 Internet internet NN 5180 96 45 content content NN 5180 96 46 while while IN 5180 96 47 simultaneously simultaneously RB 5180 96 48 allowing allow VBG 5180 96 49 access access NN 5180 96 50 to to IN 5180 96 51 all all DT 5180 96 52 protected protect VBN 5180 96 53 speech speech NN 5180 96 54 . . . 5180 97 1 As as IN 5180 97 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 97 3 extensive extensive JJ 5180 97 4 findings finding NNS 5180 97 5 of of IN 5180 97 6 fact fact NN 5180 97 7 reflect reflect VBP 5180 97 8 , , , 5180 97 9 the the DT 5180 97 10 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 97 11 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 5180 97 12 that that IN 5180 97 13 thousands thousand NNS 5180 97 14 of of IN 5180 97 15 Web web NN 5180 97 16 pages page NNS 5180 97 17 containing contain VBG 5180 97 18 protected protect VBN 5180 97 19 speech speech NN 5180 97 20 are be VBP 5180 97 21 wrongly wrongly RB 5180 97 22 blocked block VBN 5180 97 23 by by IN 5180 97 24 the the DT 5180 97 25 four four CD 5180 97 26 leading lead VBG 5180 97 27 filtering filtering NN 5180 97 28 programs program NNS 5180 97 29 , , , 5180 97 30 and and CC 5180 97 31 these these DT 5180 97 32 pages page NNS 5180 97 33 represent represent VBP 5180 97 34 only only RB 5180 97 35 a a DT 5180 97 36 fraction fraction NN 5180 97 37 of of IN 5180 97 38 Web web NN 5180 97 39 pages page NNS 5180 97 40 wrongly wrongly RB 5180 97 41 blocked block VBN 5180 97 42 by by IN 5180 97 43 the the DT 5180 97 44 programs program NNS 5180 97 45 . . . 5180 98 1 The the DT 5180 98 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 98 3 ' ' POS 5180 98 4 evidence evidence NN 5180 98 5 explained explain VBD 5180 98 6 that that IN 5180 98 7 the the DT 5180 98 8 problems problem NNS 5180 98 9 faced face VBN 5180 98 10 by by IN 5180 98 11 the the DT 5180 98 12 manufacturers manufacturer NNS 5180 98 13 and and CC 5180 98 14 vendors vendor NNS 5180 98 15 of of IN 5180 98 16 filtering filter VBG 5180 98 17 software software NN 5180 98 18 are be VBP 5180 98 19 legion legion NNP 5180 98 20 . . . 5180 99 1 The the DT 5180 99 2 Web web NN 5180 99 3 is be VBZ 5180 99 4 extremely extremely RB 5180 99 5 dynamic dynamic JJ 5180 99 6 , , , 5180 99 7 with with IN 5180 99 8 an an DT 5180 99 9 estimated estimate VBN 5180 99 10 1.5 1.5 CD 5180 99 11 million million CD 5180 99 12 new new JJ 5180 99 13 pages page NNS 5180 99 14 added add VBD 5180 99 15 every every DT 5180 99 16 day day NN 5180 99 17 and and CC 5180 99 18 the the DT 5180 99 19 contents content NNS 5180 99 20 of of IN 5180 99 21 existing exist VBG 5180 99 22 Web web NN 5180 99 23 pages page NNS 5180 99 24 changing change VBG 5180 99 25 very very RB 5180 99 26 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 99 27 . . . 5180 100 1 The the DT 5180 100 2 category category NN 5180 100 3 lists list NNS 5180 100 4 maintained maintain VBN 5180 100 5 by by IN 5180 100 6 the the DT 5180 100 7 blocking block VBG 5180 100 8 programs program NNS 5180 100 9 are be VBP 5180 100 10 considered consider VBN 5180 100 11 to to TO 5180 100 12 be be VB 5180 100 13 proprietary proprietary JJ 5180 100 14 information information NN 5180 100 15 , , , 5180 100 16 and and CC 5180 100 17 hence hence RB 5180 100 18 are be VBP 5180 100 19 unavailable unavailable JJ 5180 100 20 to to IN 5180 100 21 customers customer NNS 5180 100 22 or or CC 5180 100 23 the the DT 5180 100 24 general general JJ 5180 100 25 public public NN 5180 100 26 for for IN 5180 100 27 review review NN 5180 100 28 , , , 5180 100 29 so so IN 5180 100 30 that that IN 5180 100 31 public public JJ 5180 100 32 libraries library NNS 5180 100 33 that that WDT 5180 100 34 select select VBP 5180 100 35 categories category NNS 5180 100 36 when when WRB 5180 100 37 implementing implement VBG 5180 100 38 filtering filter VBG 5180 100 39 software software NN 5180 100 40 do do VBP 5180 100 41 not not RB 5180 100 42 really really RB 5180 100 43 know know VB 5180 100 44 what what WP 5180 100 45 they -PRON- PRP 5180 100 46 are be VBP 5180 100 47 blocking block VBG 5180 100 48 . . . 5180 101 1 There there EX 5180 101 2 are be VBP 5180 101 3 many many JJ 5180 101 4 reasons reason NNS 5180 101 5 why why WRB 5180 101 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 101 7 software software NN 5180 101 8 suffers suffer VBZ 5180 101 9 from from IN 5180 101 10 extensive extensive JJ 5180 101 11 over- over- NN 5180 101 12 and and CC 5180 101 13 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 101 14 , , , 5180 101 15 which which WDT 5180 101 16 we -PRON- PRP 5180 101 17 will will MD 5180 101 18 explain explain VB 5180 101 19 below below RB 5180 101 20 in in IN 5180 101 21 great great JJ 5180 101 22 detail detail NN 5180 101 23 . . . 5180 102 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 102 2 center center VBP 5180 102 3 on on IN 5180 102 4 the the DT 5180 102 5 limitations limitation NNS 5180 102 6 on on IN 5180 102 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 102 8 companies company NNS 5180 102 9 ' ' POS 5180 102 10 ability ability NN 5180 102 11 to to TO 5180 102 12 : : : 5180 102 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 102 14 1 1 LS 5180 102 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 102 16 accurately accurately RB 5180 102 17 collect collect VB 5180 102 18 Web web NN 5180 102 19 pages page NNS 5180 102 20 that that WDT 5180 102 21 potentially potentially RB 5180 102 22 fall fall VBP 5180 102 23 into into IN 5180 102 24 a a DT 5180 102 25 blocked block VBN 5180 102 26 category category NN 5180 102 27 ( ( -LRB- 5180 102 28 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 102 29 , , , 5180 102 30 pornography pornography NN 5180 102 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 102 32 ; ; , 5180 102 33 ( ( -LRB- 5180 102 34 2 2 LS 5180 102 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 102 36 review review NN 5180 102 37 and and CC 5180 102 38 categorize categorize VB 5180 102 39 Web web NN 5180 102 40 pages page NNS 5180 102 41 that that IN 5180 102 42 they -PRON- PRP 5180 102 43 have have VBP 5180 102 44 collected collect VBN 5180 102 45 ; ; : 5180 102 46 and and CC 5180 102 47 ( ( -LRB- 5180 102 48 3 3 LS 5180 102 49 ) ) -RRB- 5180 102 50 engage engage VB 5180 102 51 in in IN 5180 102 52 regular regular JJ 5180 102 53 re re NN 5180 102 54 - - NN 5180 102 55 review review NN 5180 102 56 of of IN 5180 102 57 Web web NN 5180 102 58 pages page NNS 5180 102 59 that that IN 5180 102 60 they -PRON- PRP 5180 102 61 have have VBP 5180 102 62 previously previously RB 5180 102 63 reviewed review VBN 5180 102 64 . . . 5180 103 1 These these DT 5180 103 2 failures failure NNS 5180 103 3 spring spring VBP 5180 103 4 from from IN 5180 103 5 constraints constraint NNS 5180 103 6 on on IN 5180 103 7 the the DT 5180 103 8 technology technology NN 5180 103 9 of of IN 5180 103 10 automated automate VBN 5180 103 11 classification classification NN 5180 103 12 systems system NNS 5180 103 13 , , , 5180 103 14 and and CC 5180 103 15 the the DT 5180 103 16 limitations limitation NNS 5180 103 17 inherent inherent JJ 5180 103 18 in in IN 5180 103 19 human human JJ 5180 103 20 review review NN 5180 103 21 , , , 5180 103 22 including include VBG 5180 103 23 error error NN 5180 103 24 , , , 5180 103 25 misjudgment misjudgment NN 5180 103 26 , , , 5180 103 27 and and CC 5180 103 28 scarce scarce JJ 5180 103 29 resources resource NNS 5180 103 30 , , , 5180 103 31 which which WDT 5180 103 32 we -PRON- PRP 5180 103 33 describe describe VBP 5180 103 34 in in IN 5180 103 35 detail detail NN 5180 103 36 infra infra NN 5180 103 37 at at IN 5180 103 38 58 58 CD 5180 103 39 - - SYM 5180 103 40 74 74 CD 5180 103 41 . . . 5180 104 1 One one CD 5180 104 2 failure failure NN 5180 104 3 of of IN 5180 104 4 critical critical JJ 5180 104 5 importance importance NN 5180 104 6 is be VBZ 5180 104 7 that that IN 5180 104 8 the the DT 5180 104 9 automated automate VBN 5180 104 10 systems system NNS 5180 104 11 that that IN 5180 104 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 104 13 companies company NNS 5180 104 14 use use VBP 5180 104 15 to to TO 5180 104 16 collect collect VB 5180 104 17 Web web NN 5180 104 18 pages page NNS 5180 104 19 for for IN 5180 104 20 classification classification NN 5180 104 21 are be VBP 5180 104 22 able able JJ 5180 104 23 to to TO 5180 104 24 search search VB 5180 104 25 only only RB 5180 104 26 text text NN 5180 104 27 , , , 5180 104 28 not not RB 5180 104 29 images image NNS 5180 104 30 . . . 5180 105 1 This this DT 5180 105 2 is be VBZ 5180 105 3 crippling crippling JJ 5180 105 4 to to IN 5180 105 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 105 6 companies company NNS 5180 105 7 ' ' POS 5180 105 8 ability ability NN 5180 105 9 to to TO 5180 105 10 collect collect VB 5180 105 11 pages page NNS 5180 105 12 containing contain VBG 5180 105 13 " " `` 5180 105 14 visual visual JJ 5180 105 15 depictions depiction NNS 5180 105 16 " " '' 5180 105 17 that that WDT 5180 105 18 are be VBP 5180 105 19 obscene obscene JJ 5180 105 20 , , , 5180 105 21 child child NN 5180 105 22 pornography pornography NN 5180 105 23 , , , 5180 105 24 or or CC 5180 105 25 harmful harmful JJ 5180 105 26 to to IN 5180 105 27 minors minor NNS 5180 105 28 , , , 5180 105 29 as as IN 5180 105 30 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 105 31 requires require VBZ 5180 105 32 . . . 5180 106 1 As as IN 5180 106 2 will will MD 5180 106 3 appear appear VB 5180 106 4 , , , 5180 106 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 106 6 find find VBP 5180 106 7 that that IN 5180 106 8 it -PRON- PRP 5180 106 9 is be VBZ 5180 106 10 currently currently RB 5180 106 11 impossible impossible JJ 5180 106 12 , , , 5180 106 13 given give VBN 5180 106 14 the the DT 5180 106 15 Internet internet NN 5180 106 16 's 's POS 5180 106 17 size size NN 5180 106 18 , , , 5180 106 19 rate rate NN 5180 106 20 of of IN 5180 106 21 growth growth NN 5180 106 22 , , , 5180 106 23 rate rate NN 5180 106 24 of of IN 5180 106 25 change change NN 5180 106 26 , , , 5180 106 27 and and CC 5180 106 28 architecture architecture NN 5180 106 29 , , , 5180 106 30 and and CC 5180 106 31 given give VBN 5180 106 32 the the DT 5180 106 33 state state NN 5180 106 34 of of IN 5180 106 35 the the DT 5180 106 36 art art NN 5180 106 37 of of IN 5180 106 38 automated automate VBN 5180 106 39 classification classification NN 5180 106 40 systems system NNS 5180 106 41 , , , 5180 106 42 to to TO 5180 106 43 develop develop VB 5180 106 44 a a DT 5180 106 45 filter filter NN 5180 106 46 that that IN 5180 106 47 neither neither CC 5180 106 48 underblocks underblock NNS 5180 106 49 nor nor CC 5180 106 50 overblocks overblock VBZ 5180 106 51 a a DT 5180 106 52 substantial substantial JJ 5180 106 53 amount amount NN 5180 106 54 of of IN 5180 106 55 speech speech NN 5180 106 56 . . . 5180 107 1 The the DT 5180 107 2 government government NN 5180 107 3 , , , 5180 107 4 while while IN 5180 107 5 acknowledging acknowledge VBG 5180 107 6 that that IN 5180 107 7 the the DT 5180 107 8 filtering filter VBG 5180 107 9 software software NN 5180 107 10 is be VBZ 5180 107 11 imperfect imperfect JJ 5180 107 12 , , , 5180 107 13 maintains maintain VBZ 5180 107 14 that that IN 5180 107 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 107 16 is be VBZ 5180 107 17 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 107 18 quite quite RB 5180 107 19 effective effective JJ 5180 107 20 , , , 5180 107 21 and and CC 5180 107 22 that that IN 5180 107 23 it -PRON- PRP 5180 107 24 successfully successfully RB 5180 107 25 blocks block VBZ 5180 107 26 the the DT 5180 107 27 vast vast JJ 5180 107 28 majority majority NN 5180 107 29 of of IN 5180 107 30 the the DT 5180 107 31 Web web NN 5180 107 32 pages page NNS 5180 107 33 that that WDT 5180 107 34 meet meet VBP 5180 107 35 filtering filter VBG 5180 107 36 companies company NNS 5180 107 37 ' ' POS 5180 107 38 category category NN 5180 107 39 definitions definition NNS 5180 107 40 ( ( -LRB- 5180 107 41 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 107 42 , , , 5180 107 43 pornography pornography NN 5180 107 44 ) ) -RRB- 5180 107 45 . . . 5180 108 1 The the DT 5180 108 2 government government NN 5180 108 3 contends contend VBZ 5180 108 4 that that IN 5180 108 5 no no DT 5180 108 6 more more RBR 5180 108 7 is be VBZ 5180 108 8 required require VBN 5180 108 9 . . . 5180 109 1 In in IN 5180 109 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 109 3 view view NN 5180 109 4 , , , 5180 109 5 so so RB 5180 109 6 long long RB 5180 109 7 as as IN 5180 109 8 the the DT 5180 109 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 109 10 software software NN 5180 109 11 selected select VBN 5180 109 12 by by IN 5180 109 13 the the DT 5180 109 14 libraries library NNS 5180 109 15 screens screen VBZ 5180 109 16 out out RP 5180 109 17 the the DT 5180 109 18 bulk bulk NN 5180 109 19 of of IN 5180 109 20 the the DT 5180 109 21 Web web NN 5180 109 22 pages page NNS 5180 109 23 proscribed proscribe VBN 5180 109 24 by by IN 5180 109 25 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 109 26 , , , 5180 109 27 the the DT 5180 109 28 libraries library NNS 5180 109 29 have have VBP 5180 109 30 made make VBN 5180 109 31 a a DT 5180 109 32 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 109 33 choice choice NN 5180 109 34 which which WDT 5180 109 35 suffices suffice VBZ 5180 109 36 , , , 5180 109 37 under under IN 5180 109 38 the the DT 5180 109 39 applicable applicable JJ 5180 109 40 legal legal JJ 5180 109 41 principles principle NNS 5180 109 42 , , , 5180 109 43 to to TO 5180 109 44 pass pass VB 5180 109 45 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 109 46 muster muster NN 5180 109 47 in in IN 5180 109 48 the the DT 5180 109 49 context context NN 5180 109 50 of of IN 5180 109 51 a a DT 5180 109 52 facial facial JJ 5180 109 53 challenge challenge NN 5180 109 54 . . . 5180 110 1 Central central JJ 5180 110 2 to to IN 5180 110 3 the the DT 5180 110 4 government government NN 5180 110 5 's 's POS 5180 110 6 position position NN 5180 110 7 is be VBZ 5180 110 8 the the DT 5180 110 9 analogy analogy NN 5180 110 10 it -PRON- PRP 5180 110 11 advances advance VBZ 5180 110 12 between between IN 5180 110 13 Internet internet NN 5180 110 14 filtering filtering NN 5180 110 15 and and CC 5180 110 16 the the DT 5180 110 17 initial initial JJ 5180 110 18 decision decision NN 5180 110 19 of of IN 5180 110 20 a a DT 5180 110 21 library library NN 5180 110 22 to to TO 5180 110 23 determine determine VB 5180 110 24 which which WDT 5180 110 25 materials material NNS 5180 110 26 to to TO 5180 110 27 purchase purchase VB 5180 110 28 for for IN 5180 110 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 110 30 print print NN 5180 110 31 collection collection NN 5180 110 32 . . . 5180 111 1 Public public JJ 5180 111 2 libraries library NNS 5180 111 3 have have VBP 5180 111 4 finite finite JJ 5180 111 5 budgets budget NNS 5180 111 6 and and CC 5180 111 7 must must MD 5180 111 8 make make VB 5180 111 9 choices choice NNS 5180 111 10 as as IN 5180 111 11 to to IN 5180 111 12 whether whether IN 5180 111 13 to to TO 5180 111 14 purchase purchase VB 5180 111 15 , , , 5180 111 16 for for IN 5180 111 17 example example NN 5180 111 18 , , , 5180 111 19 books book NNS 5180 111 20 on on IN 5180 111 21 gardening gardening NN 5180 111 22 or or CC 5180 111 23 books book NNS 5180 111 24 on on IN 5180 111 25 golf golf NN 5180 111 26 . . . 5180 112 1 Such such JJ 5180 112 2 content content NN 5180 112 3 - - HYPH 5180 112 4 based base VBN 5180 112 5 decisions decision NNS 5180 112 6 , , , 5180 112 7 even even RB 5180 112 8 the the DT 5180 112 9 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 112 10 concede concede VBP 5180 112 11 , , , 5180 112 12 are be VBP 5180 112 13 subject subject JJ 5180 112 14 to to IN 5180 112 15 rational rational JJ 5180 112 16 basis basis NN 5180 112 17 review review NN 5180 112 18 and and CC 5180 112 19 not not RB 5180 112 20 a a DT 5180 112 21 stricter strict JJR 5180 112 22 form form NN 5180 112 23 of of IN 5180 112 24 First First NNP 5180 112 25 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 112 26 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 112 27 . . . 5180 113 1 In in IN 5180 113 2 the the DT 5180 113 3 government government NN 5180 113 4 's 's POS 5180 113 5 view view NN 5180 113 6 , , , 5180 113 7 the the DT 5180 113 8 fact fact NN 5180 113 9 that that IN 5180 113 10 the the DT 5180 113 11 Internet internet NN 5180 113 12 reverses reverse VBZ 5180 113 13 the the DT 5180 113 14 acquisition acquisition NN 5180 113 15 process process NN 5180 113 16 and and CC 5180 113 17 requires require VBZ 5180 113 18 the the DT 5180 113 19 libraries library NNS 5180 113 20 to to IN 5180 113 21 , , , 5180 113 22 in in IN 5180 113 23 effect effect NN 5180 113 24 , , , 5180 113 25 purchase purchase VB 5180 113 26 the the DT 5180 113 27 entire entire JJ 5180 113 28 Internet internet NN 5180 113 29 , , , 5180 113 30 some some DT 5180 113 31 of of IN 5180 113 32 which which WDT 5180 113 33 ( ( -LRB- 5180 113 34 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 113 35 , , , 5180 113 36 hardcore hardcore JJ 5180 113 37 pornography pornography NN 5180 113 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 113 39 it -PRON- PRP 5180 113 40 does do VBZ 5180 113 41 not not RB 5180 113 42 want want VB 5180 113 43 , , , 5180 113 44 should should MD 5180 113 45 not not RB 5180 113 46 mean mean VB 5180 113 47 that that IN 5180 113 48 it -PRON- PRP 5180 113 49 is be VBZ 5180 113 50 chargeable chargeable JJ 5180 113 51 with with IN 5180 113 52 censorship censorship NN 5180 113 53 when when WRB 5180 113 54 it -PRON- PRP 5180 113 55 filters filter VBZ 5180 113 56 out out RP 5180 113 57 offending offend VBG 5180 113 58 material material NN 5180 113 59 . . . 5180 114 1 The the DT 5180 114 2 legal legal JJ 5180 114 3 context context NN 5180 114 4 in in IN 5180 114 5 which which WDT 5180 114 6 this this DT 5180 114 7 extensive extensive JJ 5180 114 8 factual factual JJ 5180 114 9 record record NN 5180 114 10 is be VBZ 5180 114 11 set set VBN 5180 114 12 is be VBZ 5180 114 13 complex complex JJ 5180 114 14 , , , 5180 114 15 implicating implicate VBG 5180 114 16 a a DT 5180 114 17 number number NN 5180 114 18 of of IN 5180 114 19 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 114 20 doctrines doctrine NNS 5180 114 21 , , , 5180 114 22 including include VBG 5180 114 23 the the DT 5180 114 24 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 114 25 limitations limitation NNS 5180 114 26 on on IN 5180 114 27 Congress Congress NNP 5180 114 28 's 's POS 5180 114 29 spending spending NN 5180 114 30 clause clause NN 5180 114 31 power power NN 5180 114 32 , , , 5180 114 33 the the DT 5180 114 34 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 114 35 conditions condition NNS 5180 114 36 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 114 37 , , , 5180 114 38 and and CC 5180 114 39 subsidiary subsidiary NN 5180 114 40 to to IN 5180 114 41 these these DT 5180 114 42 issues issue NNS 5180 114 43 , , , 5180 114 44 the the DT 5180 114 45 First First NNP 5180 114 46 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 114 47 doctrines doctrine NNS 5180 114 48 of of IN 5180 114 49 prior prior JJ 5180 114 50 restraint restraint NN 5180 114 51 , , , 5180 114 52 vagueness vagueness NN 5180 114 53 , , , 5180 114 54 and and CC 5180 114 55 overbreadth overbreadth NN 5180 114 56 . . . 5180 115 1 There there EX 5180 115 2 are be VBP 5180 115 3 a a DT 5180 115 4 number number NN 5180 115 5 of of IN 5180 115 6 potential potential JJ 5180 115 7 entry entry NN 5180 115 8 points point NNS 5180 115 9 into into IN 5180 115 10 the the DT 5180 115 11 analysis analysis NN 5180 115 12 , , , 5180 115 13 but but CC 5180 115 14 the the DT 5180 115 15 most most RBS 5180 115 16 logical logical JJ 5180 115 17 is be VBZ 5180 115 18 the the DT 5180 115 19 spending spending NN 5180 115 20 clause clause NN 5180 115 21 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 115 22 in in IN 5180 115 23 which which WDT 5180 115 24 the the DT 5180 115 25 seminal seminal JJ 5180 115 26 case case NN 5180 115 27 is be VBZ 5180 115 28 South South NNP 5180 115 29 Dakota Dakota NNP 5180 115 30 v. v. IN 5180 115 31 Dole Dole NNP 5180 115 32 , , , 5180 115 33 483 483 CD 5180 115 34 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 115 35 203 203 CD 5180 115 36 ( ( -LRB- 5180 115 37 1987 1987 CD 5180 115 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 115 39 . . . 5180 116 1 Dole Dole NNP 5180 116 2 outlines outline VBZ 5180 116 3 four four CD 5180 116 4 categories category NNS 5180 116 5 of of IN 5180 116 6 constraints constraint NNS 5180 116 7 on on IN 5180 116 8 Congress Congress NNP 5180 116 9 's 's POS 5180 116 10 exercise exercise NN 5180 116 11 of of IN 5180 116 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 116 13 power power NN 5180 116 14 under under IN 5180 116 15 the the DT 5180 116 16 Spending Spending NNP 5180 116 17 Clause Clause NNP 5180 116 18 , , , 5180 116 19 but but CC 5180 116 20 the the DT 5180 116 21 only only JJ 5180 116 22 Dole Dole NNP 5180 116 23 condition condition NN 5180 116 24 disputed dispute VBN 5180 116 25 here here RB 5180 116 26 is be VBZ 5180 116 27 the the DT 5180 116 28 fourth fourth JJ 5180 116 29 and and CC 5180 116 30 last last JJ 5180 116 31 , , , 5180 116 32 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 116 33 , , , 5180 116 34 whether whether IN 5180 116 35 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 116 36 requires require VBZ 5180 116 37 libraries library NNS 5180 116 38 that that WDT 5180 116 39 receive receive VBP 5180 116 40 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 116 41 funds fund NNS 5180 116 42 or or CC 5180 116 43 E e NN 5180 116 44 - - NN 5180 116 45 rate rate NN 5180 116 46 discounts discount NNS 5180 116 47 to to TO 5180 116 48 violate violate VB 5180 116 49 the the DT 5180 116 50 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 116 51 rights right NNS 5180 116 52 of of IN 5180 116 53 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 116 54 patrons patron NNS 5180 116 55 . . . 5180 117 1 As as IN 5180 117 2 will will MD 5180 117 3 appear appear VB 5180 117 4 , , , 5180 117 5 the the DT 5180 117 6 question question NN 5180 117 7 is be VBZ 5180 117 8 not not RB 5180 117 9 a a DT 5180 117 10 simple simple JJ 5180 117 11 one one NN 5180 117 12 , , , 5180 117 13 and and CC 5180 117 14 turns turn VBZ 5180 117 15 on on IN 5180 117 16 the the DT 5180 117 17 level level NN 5180 117 18 of of IN 5180 117 19 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 117 20 applicable applicable JJ 5180 117 21 to to IN 5180 117 22 a a DT 5180 117 23 public public JJ 5180 117 24 library library NN 5180 117 25 's 's POS 5180 117 26 content content NN 5180 117 27 - - HYPH 5180 117 28 based base VBN 5180 117 29 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 117 30 on on IN 5180 117 31 patrons patron NNS 5180 117 32 ' ' POS 5180 117 33 Internet internet NN 5180 117 34 access access NN 5180 117 35 . . . 5180 118 1 Whether whether IN 5180 118 2 such such JJ 5180 118 3 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 118 4 are be VBP 5180 118 5 subject subject JJ 5180 118 6 to to IN 5180 118 7 strict strict JJ 5180 118 8 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 118 9 , , , 5180 118 10 as as IN 5180 118 11 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 118 12 contend contend VBP 5180 118 13 , , , 5180 118 14 or or CC 5180 118 15 only only RB 5180 118 16 rational rational JJ 5180 118 17 basis basis NN 5180 118 18 review review NN 5180 118 19 , , , 5180 118 20 as as IN 5180 118 21 the the DT 5180 118 22 government government NN 5180 118 23 contends contend VBZ 5180 118 24 , , , 5180 118 25 depends depend VBZ 5180 118 26 on on IN 5180 118 27 public public JJ 5180 118 28 forum forum NN 5180 118 29 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 118 30 . . . 5180 119 1 The the DT 5180 119 2 government government NN 5180 119 3 argues argue VBZ 5180 119 4 that that IN 5180 119 5 , , , 5180 119 6 in in IN 5180 119 7 providing provide VBG 5180 119 8 Internet internet NN 5180 119 9 access access NN 5180 119 10 , , , 5180 119 11 public public JJ 5180 119 12 libraries library NNS 5180 119 13 do do VBP 5180 119 14 not not RB 5180 119 15 create create VB 5180 119 16 a a DT 5180 119 17 public public JJ 5180 119 18 forum forum NN 5180 119 19 , , , 5180 119 20 since since IN 5180 119 21 public public JJ 5180 119 22 libraries library NNS 5180 119 23 may may MD 5180 119 24 reserve reserve VB 5180 119 25 the the DT 5180 119 26 right right NN 5180 119 27 to to TO 5180 119 28 exclude exclude VB 5180 119 29 certain certain JJ 5180 119 30 speakers speaker NNS 5180 119 31 from from IN 5180 119 32 availing avail VBG 5180 119 33 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 119 34 of of IN 5180 119 35 the the DT 5180 119 36 forum forum NN 5180 119 37 . . . 5180 120 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 5180 120 2 , , , 5180 120 3 the the DT 5180 120 4 government government NN 5180 120 5 contends contend VBZ 5180 120 6 that that IN 5180 120 7 public public JJ 5180 120 8 libraries library NNS 5180 120 9 ' ' POS 5180 120 10 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 120 11 on on IN 5180 120 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 120 13 ' ' POS 5180 120 14 Internet internet NN 5180 120 15 access access NN 5180 120 16 are be VBP 5180 120 17 subject subject JJ 5180 120 18 only only RB 5180 120 19 to to IN 5180 120 20 rational rational JJ 5180 120 21 basis basis NN 5180 120 22 review review NN 5180 120 23 . . . 5180 121 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 121 2 respond respond VBP 5180 121 3 that that IN 5180 121 4 the the DT 5180 121 5 government government NN 5180 121 6 's 's POS 5180 121 7 ability ability NN 5180 121 8 to to TO 5180 121 9 restrict restrict VB 5180 121 10 speech speech NN 5180 121 11 on on IN 5180 121 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 121 13 own own JJ 5180 121 14 property property NN 5180 121 15 , , , 5180 121 16 as as IN 5180 121 17 in in IN 5180 121 18 the the DT 5180 121 19 case case NN 5180 121 20 of of IN 5180 121 21 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 121 22 on on IN 5180 121 23 Internet internet NN 5180 121 24 access access NN 5180 121 25 in in IN 5180 121 26 public public JJ 5180 121 27 libraries library NNS 5180 121 28 , , , 5180 121 29 is be VBZ 5180 121 30 not not RB 5180 121 31 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 121 32 , , , 5180 121 33 and and CC 5180 121 34 that that IN 5180 121 35 the the DT 5180 121 36 more more RBR 5180 121 37 widely widely RB 5180 121 38 the the DT 5180 121 39 state state NN 5180 121 40 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 121 41 the the DT 5180 121 42 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 121 43 of of IN 5180 121 44 private private JJ 5180 121 45 speech speech NN 5180 121 46 in in IN 5180 121 47 a a DT 5180 121 48 given give VBN 5180 121 49 forum forum NN 5180 121 50 , , , 5180 121 51 the the DT 5180 121 52 more more RBR 5180 121 53 vulnerable vulnerable JJ 5180 121 54 the the DT 5180 121 55 state state NN 5180 121 56 's 's POS 5180 121 57 decision decision NN 5180 121 58 is be VBZ 5180 121 59 to to TO 5180 121 60 restrict restrict VB 5180 121 61 access access NN 5180 121 62 to to IN 5180 121 63 speech speech NN 5180 121 64 in in IN 5180 121 65 that that DT 5180 121 66 forum forum NN 5180 121 67 . . . 5180 122 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 122 2 agree agree VBP 5180 122 3 with with IN 5180 122 4 the the DT 5180 122 5 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 122 6 that that WDT 5180 122 7 public public JJ 5180 122 8 libraries library NNS 5180 122 9 ' ' POS 5180 122 10 content content NN 5180 122 11 - - HYPH 5180 122 12 based base VBN 5180 122 13 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 122 14 on on IN 5180 122 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 122 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 122 17 ' ' POS 5180 122 18 Internet internet NN 5180 122 19 access access NN 5180 122 20 are be VBP 5180 122 21 subject subject JJ 5180 122 22 to to IN 5180 122 23 strict strict JJ 5180 122 24 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 122 25 . . . 5180 123 1 In in IN 5180 123 2 providing provide VBG 5180 123 3 even even RB 5180 123 4 filtered filter VBN 5180 123 5 Internet internet NN 5180 123 6 access access NN 5180 123 7 , , , 5180 123 8 public public JJ 5180 123 9 libraries library NNS 5180 123 10 create create VBP 5180 123 11 a a DT 5180 123 12 public public JJ 5180 123 13 forum forum NN 5180 123 14 open open JJ 5180 123 15 to to IN 5180 123 16 any any DT 5180 123 17 speaker speaker NN 5180 123 18 around around IN 5180 123 19 the the DT 5180 123 20 world world NN 5180 123 21 to to TO 5180 123 22 communicate communicate VB 5180 123 23 with with IN 5180 123 24 library library JJ 5180 123 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 123 26 via via IN 5180 123 27 the the DT 5180 123 28 Internet internet NN 5180 123 29 on on IN 5180 123 30 a a DT 5180 123 31 virtually virtually RB 5180 123 32 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 123 33 number number NN 5180 123 34 of of IN 5180 123 35 topics topic NNS 5180 123 36 . . . 5180 124 1 Where where WRB 5180 124 2 the the DT 5180 124 3 state state NN 5180 124 4 provides provide VBZ 5180 124 5 access access NN 5180 124 6 to to IN 5180 124 7 a a DT 5180 124 8 " " `` 5180 124 9 vast vast JJ 5180 124 10 democratic democratic JJ 5180 124 11 forum forum NN 5180 124 12 [ [ -LRB- 5180 124 13 ] ] -RRB- 5180 124 14 , , , 5180 124 15 " " `` 5180 124 16 Reno Reno NNP 5180 124 17 v. v. IN 5180 124 18 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 124 19 , , , 5180 124 20 521 521 CD 5180 124 21 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 124 22 844 844 CD 5180 124 23 , , , 5180 124 24 868 868 CD 5180 124 25 ( ( -LRB- 5180 124 26 1997 1997 CD 5180 124 27 ) ) -RRB- 5180 124 28 , , , 5180 124 29 open open JJ 5180 124 30 to to IN 5180 124 31 any any DT 5180 124 32 member member NN 5180 124 33 of of IN 5180 124 34 the the DT 5180 124 35 public public NN 5180 124 36 to to TO 5180 124 37 speak speak VB 5180 124 38 on on IN 5180 124 39 subjects subject NNS 5180 124 40 " " '' 5180 124 41 as as RB 5180 124 42 diverse diverse JJ 5180 124 43 as as IN 5180 124 44 human human JJ 5180 124 45 thought thought NN 5180 124 46 , , , 5180 124 47 " " '' 5180 124 48 i -PRON- PRP 5180 124 49 d d VBN 5180 124 50 . . . 5180 125 1 at at IN 5180 125 2 870 870 CD 5180 125 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 125 4 internal internal JJ 5180 125 5 quotation quotation NN 5180 125 6 marks mark NNS 5180 125 7 and and CC 5180 125 8 citation citation NN 5180 125 9 omitted omit VBD 5180 125 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 125 11 , , , 5180 125 12 the the DT 5180 125 13 state state NN 5180 125 14 's 's POS 5180 125 15 decision decision NN 5180 125 16 selectively selectively RB 5180 125 17 to to TO 5180 125 18 exclude exclude VB 5180 125 19 from from IN 5180 125 20 the the DT 5180 125 21 forum forum NN 5180 125 22 speech speech NN 5180 125 23 whose whose WP$ 5180 125 24 content content NN 5180 125 25 the the DT 5180 125 26 state state NN 5180 125 27 disfavors disfavor NNS 5180 125 28 is be VBZ 5180 125 29 subject subject JJ 5180 125 30 to to IN 5180 125 31 strict strict JJ 5180 125 32 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 125 33 , , , 5180 125 34 as as IN 5180 125 35 such such JJ 5180 125 36 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 125 37 risk risk NN 5180 125 38 distorting distort VBG 5180 125 39 the the DT 5180 125 40 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 125 41 of of IN 5180 125 42 ideas idea NNS 5180 125 43 that that WDT 5180 125 44 the the DT 5180 125 45 state state NN 5180 125 46 has have VBZ 5180 125 47 facilitated facilitate VBN 5180 125 48 . . . 5180 126 1 Application application NN 5180 126 2 of of IN 5180 126 3 strict strict JJ 5180 126 4 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 126 5 finds find VBZ 5180 126 6 further further JJ 5180 126 7 support support NN 5180 126 8 in in IN 5180 126 9 the the DT 5180 126 10 extent extent NN 5180 126 11 to to TO 5180 126 12 which which WDT 5180 126 13 public public JJ 5180 126 14 libraries library NNS 5180 126 15 ' ' POS 5180 126 16 provision provision NN 5180 126 17 of of IN 5180 126 18 Internet internet NN 5180 126 19 access access NN 5180 126 20 uniquely uniquely RB 5180 126 21 promotes promote VBZ 5180 126 22 First First NNP 5180 126 23 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 126 24 values value NNS 5180 126 25 in in IN 5180 126 26 a a DT 5180 126 27 manner manner NN 5180 126 28 analogous analogous JJ 5180 126 29 to to IN 5180 126 30 traditional traditional JJ 5180 126 31 public public JJ 5180 126 32 fora fora NN 5180 126 33 such such JJ 5180 126 34 as as IN 5180 126 35 streets street NNS 5180 126 36 , , , 5180 126 37 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 126 38 , , , 5180 126 39 and and CC 5180 126 40 parks park NNS 5180 126 41 , , , 5180 126 42 in in IN 5180 126 43 which which WDT 5180 126 44 content content NN 5180 126 45 - - HYPH 5180 126 46 based base VBN 5180 126 47 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 126 48 are be VBP 5180 126 49 always always RB 5180 126 50 subject subject JJ 5180 126 51 to to IN 5180 126 52 strict strict JJ 5180 126 53 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 126 54 . . . 5180 127 1 Under under IN 5180 127 2 strict strict JJ 5180 127 3 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 127 4 , , , 5180 127 5 a a DT 5180 127 6 public public JJ 5180 127 7 library library NN 5180 127 8 's 's POS 5180 127 9 use use NN 5180 127 10 of of IN 5180 127 11 filtering filter VBG 5180 127 12 software software NN 5180 127 13 is be VBZ 5180 127 14 permissible permissible JJ 5180 127 15 only only RB 5180 127 16 if if IN 5180 127 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 127 18 is be VBZ 5180 127 19 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 127 20 tailored tailor VBN 5180 127 21 to to TO 5180 127 22 further further RB 5180 127 23 a a DT 5180 127 24 compelling compelling JJ 5180 127 25 government government NN 5180 127 26 interest interest NN 5180 127 27 and and CC 5180 127 28 no no DT 5180 127 29 less less RBR 5180 127 30 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 127 31 alternative alternative NN 5180 127 32 would would MD 5180 127 33 serve serve VB 5180 127 34 that that DT 5180 127 35 interest interest NN 5180 127 36 . . . 5180 128 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 128 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 128 3 that that IN 5180 128 4 use use NN 5180 128 5 of of IN 5180 128 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 128 7 software software NN 5180 128 8 furthers further VBZ 5180 128 9 public public JJ 5180 128 10 libraries library NNS 5180 128 11 ' ' POS 5180 128 12 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 128 13 interests interest NNS 5180 128 14 in in IN 5180 128 15 preventing prevent VBG 5180 128 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 128 17 from from IN 5180 128 18 accessing access VBG 5180 128 19 visual visual JJ 5180 128 20 depictions depiction NNS 5180 128 21 of of IN 5180 128 22 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 128 23 , , , 5180 128 24 child child NN 5180 128 25 pornography pornography NN 5180 128 26 , , , 5180 128 27 or or CC 5180 128 28 in in IN 5180 128 29 the the DT 5180 128 30 case case NN 5180 128 31 of of IN 5180 128 32 minors minor NNS 5180 128 33 , , , 5180 128 34 material material NN 5180 128 35 harmful harmful JJ 5180 128 36 to to IN 5180 128 37 minors minor NNS 5180 128 38 . . . 5180 129 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 129 2 , , , 5180 129 3 use use NN 5180 129 4 of of IN 5180 129 5 filters filter NNS 5180 129 6 also also RB 5180 129 7 helps help VBZ 5180 129 8 prevent prevent VB 5180 129 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 129 10 from from IN 5180 129 11 being be VBG 5180 129 12 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 129 13 exposed expose VBN 5180 129 14 to to IN 5180 129 15 patently patently RB 5180 129 16 offensive offensive JJ 5180 129 17 , , , 5180 129 18 sexually sexually RB 5180 129 19 explicit explicit JJ 5180 129 20 content content NN 5180 129 21 on on IN 5180 129 22 the the DT 5180 129 23 Internet internet NN 5180 129 24 . . . 5180 130 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 130 2 are be VBP 5180 130 3 sympathetic sympathetic JJ 5180 130 4 to to IN 5180 130 5 the the DT 5180 130 6 position position NN 5180 130 7 of of IN 5180 130 8 the the DT 5180 130 9 government government NN 5180 130 10 , , , 5180 130 11 believing believe VBG 5180 130 12 that that IN 5180 130 13 it -PRON- PRP 5180 130 14 would would MD 5180 130 15 be be VB 5180 130 16 desirable desirable JJ 5180 130 17 if if IN 5180 130 18 there there EX 5180 130 19 were be VBD 5180 130 20 a a DT 5180 130 21 means means NN 5180 130 22 to to TO 5180 130 23 ensure ensure VB 5180 130 24 that that IN 5180 130 25 public public JJ 5180 130 26 library library NN 5180 130 27 patrons patron NNS 5180 130 28 could could MD 5180 130 29 share share VB 5180 130 30 in in IN 5180 130 31 the the DT 5180 130 32 informational informational JJ 5180 130 33 bonanza bonanza NN 5180 130 34 of of IN 5180 130 35 the the DT 5180 130 36 Internet internet NN 5180 130 37 while while IN 5180 130 38 being be VBG 5180 130 39 insulated insulate VBN 5180 130 40 from from IN 5180 130 41 materials material NNS 5180 130 42 that that WDT 5180 130 43 meet meet VBP 5180 130 44 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 130 45 's 's POS 5180 130 46 definitions definition NNS 5180 130 47 , , , 5180 130 48 that that RB 5180 130 49 is is RB 5180 130 50 , , , 5180 130 51 visual visual JJ 5180 130 52 depictions depiction NNS 5180 130 53 that that WDT 5180 130 54 are be VBP 5180 130 55 obscene obscene JJ 5180 130 56 , , , 5180 130 57 child child NN 5180 130 58 pornography pornography NN 5180 130 59 , , , 5180 130 60 or or CC 5180 130 61 in in IN 5180 130 62 the the DT 5180 130 63 case case NN 5180 130 64 of of IN 5180 130 65 minors minor NNS 5180 130 66 , , , 5180 130 67 harmful harmful JJ 5180 130 68 to to IN 5180 130 69 minors minor NNS 5180 130 70 . . . 5180 131 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 5180 131 2 this this DT 5180 131 3 outcome outcome NN 5180 131 4 , , , 5180 131 5 devoutly devoutly RB 5180 131 6 to to TO 5180 131 7 be be VB 5180 131 8 wished wish VBN 5180 131 9 , , , 5180 131 10 is be VBZ 5180 131 11 not not RB 5180 131 12 available available JJ 5180 131 13 in in IN 5180 131 14 this this DT 5180 131 15 less less JJR 5180 131 16 than than IN 5180 131 17 best good JJS 5180 131 18 of of IN 5180 131 19 all all DT 5180 131 20 possible possible JJ 5180 131 21 worlds world NNS 5180 131 22 . . . 5180 132 1 No no DT 5180 132 2 category category NN 5180 132 3 definition definition NN 5180 132 4 used use VBN 5180 132 5 by by IN 5180 132 6 the the DT 5180 132 7 blocking block VBG 5180 132 8 programs program NNS 5180 132 9 is be VBZ 5180 132 10 identical identical JJ 5180 132 11 to to IN 5180 132 12 the the DT 5180 132 13 legal legal JJ 5180 132 14 definitions definition NNS 5180 132 15 of of IN 5180 132 16 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 132 17 , , , 5180 132 18 child child NN 5180 132 19 pornography pornography NN 5180 132 20 , , , 5180 132 21 or or CC 5180 132 22 material material NN 5180 132 23 harmful harmful JJ 5180 132 24 to to IN 5180 132 25 minors minor NNS 5180 132 26 , , , 5180 132 27 and and CC 5180 132 28 , , , 5180 132 29 at at IN 5180 132 30 all all DT 5180 132 31 events event NNS 5180 132 32 , , , 5180 132 33 filtering filter VBG 5180 132 34 programs program NNS 5180 132 35 fail fail VBP 5180 132 36 to to TO 5180 132 37 block block VB 5180 132 38 access access NN 5180 132 39 to to IN 5180 132 40 a a DT 5180 132 41 substantial substantial JJ 5180 132 42 amount amount NN 5180 132 43 of of IN 5180 132 44 content content NN 5180 132 45 on on IN 5180 132 46 the the DT 5180 132 47 Internet internet NN 5180 132 48 that that WDT 5180 132 49 falls fall VBZ 5180 132 50 into into IN 5180 132 51 the the DT 5180 132 52 categories category NNS 5180 132 53 defined define VBN 5180 132 54 by by IN 5180 132 55 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 132 56 . . . 5180 133 1 As as IN 5180 133 2 will will MD 5180 133 3 appear appear VB 5180 133 4 , , , 5180 133 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 133 6 credit credit VBP 5180 133 7 the the DT 5180 133 8 testimony testimony NN 5180 133 9 of of IN 5180 133 10 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 133 11 ' ' POS 5180 133 12 expert expert NN 5180 133 13 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 133 14 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP 5180 133 15 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 133 16 that that IN 5180 133 17 the the DT 5180 133 18 blocking block VBG 5180 133 19 software software NN 5180 133 20 is be VBZ 5180 133 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 133 22 at at IN 5180 133 23 least least JJS 5180 133 24 for for IN 5180 133 25 the the DT 5180 133 26 foreseeable foreseeable JJ 5180 133 27 future future NN 5180 133 28 ) ) -RRB- 5180 133 29 incapable incapable JJ 5180 133 30 of of IN 5180 133 31 effectively effectively RB 5180 133 32 blocking block VBG 5180 133 33 the the DT 5180 133 34 majority majority NN 5180 133 35 of of IN 5180 133 36 materials material NNS 5180 133 37 in in IN 5180 133 38 the the DT 5180 133 39 categories category NNS 5180 133 40 defined define VBN 5180 133 41 by by IN 5180 133 42 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 133 43 without without IN 5180 133 44 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 133 45 a a DT 5180 133 46 substantial substantial JJ 5180 133 47 amount amount NN 5180 133 48 of of IN 5180 133 49 materials material NNS 5180 133 50 . . . 5180 134 1 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 134 2 's 's POS 5180 134 3 analysis analysis NN 5180 134 4 was be VBD 5180 134 5 supported support VBN 5180 134 6 by by IN 5180 134 7 extensive extensive JJ 5180 134 8 record record NN 5180 134 9 evidence evidence NN 5180 134 10 . . . 5180 135 1 As as IN 5180 135 2 noted note VBN 5180 135 3 above above IN 5180 135 4 , , , 5180 135 5 this this DT 5180 135 6 inability inability NN 5180 135 7 to to TO 5180 135 8 prevent prevent VB 5180 135 9 both both DT 5180 135 10 substantial substantial JJ 5180 135 11 amounts amount NNS 5180 135 12 of of IN 5180 135 13 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 135 14 and and CC 5180 135 15 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 135 16 stems stem NNS 5180 135 17 from from IN 5180 135 18 several several JJ 5180 135 19 sources source NNS 5180 135 20 , , , 5180 135 21 including include VBG 5180 135 22 limitations limitation NNS 5180 135 23 on on IN 5180 135 24 the the DT 5180 135 25 technology technology NN 5180 135 26 that that IN 5180 135 27 software software NN 5180 135 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 135 29 companies company NNS 5180 135 30 use use VBP 5180 135 31 to to TO 5180 135 32 gather gather VB 5180 135 33 and and CC 5180 135 34 review review VB 5180 135 35 Web web NN 5180 135 36 pages page NNS 5180 135 37 , , , 5180 135 38 limitations limitation NNS 5180 135 39 on on IN 5180 135 40 resources resource NNS 5180 135 41 for for IN 5180 135 42 human human JJ 5180 135 43 review review NN 5180 135 44 of of IN 5180 135 45 Web web NN 5180 135 46 pages page NNS 5180 135 47 , , , 5180 135 48 and and CC 5180 135 49 the the DT 5180 135 50 necessary necessary JJ 5180 135 51 error error NN 5180 135 52 that that WDT 5180 135 53 results result VBZ 5180 135 54 from from IN 5180 135 55 human human JJ 5180 135 56 review review NN 5180 135 57 processes process NNS 5180 135 58 . . . 5180 136 1 Because because IN 5180 136 2 the the DT 5180 136 3 filtering filter VBG 5180 136 4 software software NN 5180 136 5 mandated mandate VBN 5180 136 6 by by IN 5180 136 7 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 136 8 will will MD 5180 136 9 block block VB 5180 136 10 access access NN 5180 136 11 to to IN 5180 136 12 substantial substantial JJ 5180 136 13 amounts amount NNS 5180 136 14 of of IN 5180 136 15 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 136 16 protected protect VBN 5180 136 17 speech speech NN 5180 136 18 whose whose WP$ 5180 136 19 suppression suppression NN 5180 136 20 serves serve VBZ 5180 136 21 no no DT 5180 136 22 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 136 23 government government NN 5180 136 24 interest interest NN 5180 136 25 , , , 5180 136 26 we -PRON- PRP 5180 136 27 are be VBP 5180 136 28 persuaded persuade VBN 5180 136 29 that that IN 5180 136 30 a a DT 5180 136 31 public public JJ 5180 136 32 library library NN 5180 136 33 's 's POS 5180 136 34 use use NN 5180 136 35 of of IN 5180 136 36 software software NN 5180 136 37 filters filter NNS 5180 136 38 is be VBZ 5180 136 39 not not RB 5180 136 40 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 136 41 tailored tailor VBN 5180 136 42 to to TO 5180 136 43 further further RB 5180 136 44 any any DT 5180 136 45 of of IN 5180 136 46 these these DT 5180 136 47 interests interest NNS 5180 136 48 . . . 5180 137 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 137 2 , , , 5180 137 3 less less RBR 5180 137 4 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 137 5 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 137 6 exist exist VBP 5180 137 7 that that IN 5180 137 8 further further RB 5180 137 9 the the DT 5180 137 10 government government NN 5180 137 11 's 's POS 5180 137 12 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 137 13 interest interest NN 5180 137 14 in in IN 5180 137 15 preventing prevent VBG 5180 137 16 the the DT 5180 137 17 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 137 18 of of IN 5180 137 19 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 137 20 , , , 5180 137 21 child child NN 5180 137 22 pornography pornography NN 5180 137 23 , , , 5180 137 24 and and CC 5180 137 25 material material NN 5180 137 26 harmful harmful JJ 5180 137 27 to to IN 5180 137 28 minors minor NNS 5180 137 29 , , , 5180 137 30 and and CC 5180 137 31 in in IN 5180 137 32 preventing prevent VBG 5180 137 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 137 34 from from IN 5180 137 35 being be VBG 5180 137 36 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 137 37 exposed expose VBN 5180 137 38 to to IN 5180 137 39 patently patently RB 5180 137 40 offensive offensive JJ 5180 137 41 , , , 5180 137 42 sexually sexually RB 5180 137 43 explicit explicit JJ 5180 137 44 content content NN 5180 137 45 . . . 5180 138 1 To to TO 5180 138 2 prevent prevent VB 5180 138 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 138 4 from from IN 5180 138 5 accessing access VBG 5180 138 6 visual visual JJ 5180 138 7 depictions depiction NNS 5180 138 8 that that WDT 5180 138 9 are be VBP 5180 138 10 obscene obscene JJ 5180 138 11 and and CC 5180 138 12 child child NN 5180 138 13 pornography pornography NN 5180 138 14 , , , 5180 138 15 public public JJ 5180 138 16 libraries library NNS 5180 138 17 may may MD 5180 138 18 enforce enforce VB 5180 138 19 Internet internet NN 5180 138 20 use use VB 5180 138 21 policies policy NNS 5180 138 22 that that WDT 5180 138 23 make make VBP 5180 138 24 clear clear JJ 5180 138 25 to to IN 5180 138 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 138 27 that that IN 5180 138 28 the the DT 5180 138 29 library library NN 5180 138 30 's 's POS 5180 138 31 Internet internet NN 5180 138 32 terminals terminal NNS 5180 138 33 may may MD 5180 138 34 not not RB 5180 138 35 be be VB 5180 138 36 used use VBN 5180 138 37 to to TO 5180 138 38 access access VB 5180 138 39 illegal illegal JJ 5180 138 40 speech speech NN 5180 138 41 . . . 5180 139 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 139 2 may may MD 5180 139 3 then then RB 5180 139 4 impose impose VB 5180 139 5 penalties penalty NNS 5180 139 6 on on IN 5180 139 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 139 8 who who WP 5180 139 9 violate violate VBP 5180 139 10 these these DT 5180 139 11 policies policy NNS 5180 139 12 , , , 5180 139 13 ranging range VBG 5180 139 14 from from IN 5180 139 15 a a DT 5180 139 16 warning warning NN 5180 139 17 to to IN 5180 139 18 notification notification NN 5180 139 19 of of IN 5180 139 20 law law NN 5180 139 21 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 139 22 , , , 5180 139 23 in in IN 5180 139 24 the the DT 5180 139 25 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 139 26 case case NN 5180 139 27 . . . 5180 140 1 Less less RBR 5180 140 2 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 140 3 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 140 4 to to IN 5180 140 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 140 6 that that IN 5180 140 7 further further JJ 5180 140 8 libraries library NNS 5180 140 9 ' ' POS 5180 140 10 interest interest NN 5180 140 11 in in IN 5180 140 12 preventing prevent VBG 5180 140 13 minors minor NNS 5180 140 14 from from IN 5180 140 15 exposure exposure NN 5180 140 16 to to IN 5180 140 17 visual visual JJ 5180 140 18 depictions depiction NNS 5180 140 19 that that WDT 5180 140 20 are be VBP 5180 140 21 harmful harmful JJ 5180 140 22 to to IN 5180 140 23 minors minor NNS 5180 140 24 include include VBP 5180 140 25 requiring require VBG 5180 140 26 parental parental JJ 5180 140 27 consent consent NN 5180 140 28 to to IN 5180 140 29 or or CC 5180 140 30 presence presence NN 5180 140 31 during during IN 5180 140 32 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 140 33 access access NN 5180 140 34 , , , 5180 140 35 or or CC 5180 140 36 restricting restrict VBG 5180 140 37 minors minor NNS 5180 140 38 ' ' POS 5180 140 39 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 140 40 access access NN 5180 140 41 to to IN 5180 140 42 terminals terminal NNS 5180 140 43 within within IN 5180 140 44 view view NN 5180 140 45 of of IN 5180 140 46 library library NN 5180 140 47 staff staff NN 5180 140 48 . . . 5180 141 1 Finally finally RB 5180 141 2 , , , 5180 141 3 optional optional JJ 5180 141 4 filtering filtering NN 5180 141 5 , , , 5180 141 6 privacy privacy NN 5180 141 7 screens screen NNS 5180 141 8 , , , 5180 141 9 recessed recess VBN 5180 141 10 monitors monitor NNS 5180 141 11 , , , 5180 141 12 and and CC 5180 141 13 placement placement NN 5180 141 14 of of IN 5180 141 15 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 141 16 Internet internet NN 5180 141 17 terminals terminal NNS 5180 141 18 outside outside RB 5180 141 19 of of IN 5180 141 20 sight- sight- JJ 5180 141 21 lines line NNS 5180 141 22 provide provide VBP 5180 141 23 less less RBR 5180 141 24 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 141 25 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 141 26 for for IN 5180 141 27 libraries library NNS 5180 141 28 to to TO 5180 141 29 prevent prevent VB 5180 141 30 patrons patron NNS 5180 141 31 from from IN 5180 141 32 being be VBG 5180 141 33 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 141 34 exposed expose VBN 5180 141 35 to to IN 5180 141 36 sexually sexually RB 5180 141 37 explicit explicit JJ 5180 141 38 content content NN 5180 141 39 on on IN 5180 141 40 the the DT 5180 141 41 Internet internet NN 5180 141 42 . . . 5180 142 1 In in IN 5180 142 2 an an DT 5180 142 3 effort effort NN 5180 142 4 to to TO 5180 142 5 avoid avoid VB 5180 142 6 the the DT 5180 142 7 potentially potentially RB 5180 142 8 fatal fatal JJ 5180 142 9 legal legal JJ 5180 142 10 implications implication NNS 5180 142 11 of of IN 5180 142 12 the the DT 5180 142 13 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 142 14 problem problem NN 5180 142 15 , , , 5180 142 16 the the DT 5180 142 17 government government NN 5180 142 18 falls fall VBZ 5180 142 19 back back RB 5180 142 20 on on IN 5180 142 21 the the DT 5180 142 22 ability ability NN 5180 142 23 of of IN 5180 142 24 the the DT 5180 142 25 libraries library NNS 5180 142 26 , , , 5180 142 27 under under IN 5180 142 28 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 142 29 's 's POS 5180 142 30 disabling disable VBG 5180 142 31 provisions provision NNS 5180 142 32 , , , 5180 142 33 see see VB 5180 142 34 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 142 35 Sec Sec NNP 5180 142 36 . . . 5180 143 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 143 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 143 3 codified codify VBN 5180 143 4 at at IN 5180 143 5 20 20 CD 5180 143 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 144 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 144 2 . . . 5180 145 1 9134(f)(3 9134(f)(3 LS 5180 145 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 145 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 145 4 , , , 5180 145 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 145 6 Sec.1721(b Sec.1721(b NNP 5180 145 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 145 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 145 9 codified codify VBN 5180 145 10 at at IN 5180 145 11 47 47 CD 5180 145 12 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 146 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 146 2 . . . 5180 147 1 254(h)(6)(D 254(h)(6)(d LS 5180 147 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 147 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 147 4 , , , 5180 147 5 to to TO 5180 147 6 unblock unblock VB 5180 147 7 a a DT 5180 147 8 site site NN 5180 147 9 that that WDT 5180 147 10 is be VBZ 5180 147 11 patently patently RB 5180 147 12 proper proper JJ 5180 147 13 yet yet RB 5180 147 14 improperly improperly RB 5180 147 15 blocked block VBN 5180 147 16 . . . 5180 148 1 The the DT 5180 148 2 evidence evidence NN 5180 148 3 reflects reflect VBZ 5180 148 4 that that IN 5180 148 5 libraries library NNS 5180 148 6 can can MD 5180 148 7 and and CC 5180 148 8 do do VB 5180 148 9 unblock unblock VB 5180 148 10 the the DT 5180 148 11 filters filter NNS 5180 148 12 when when WRB 5180 148 13 a a DT 5180 148 14 patron patron NN 5180 148 15 so so RB 5180 148 16 requests request VBZ 5180 148 17 . . . 5180 149 1 But but CC 5180 149 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 149 3 also also RB 5180 149 4 reflects reflect VBZ 5180 149 5 that that IN 5180 149 6 requiring require VBG 5180 149 7 library library NN 5180 149 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 149 9 to to TO 5180 149 10 ask ask VB 5180 149 11 for for IN 5180 149 12 a a DT 5180 149 13 Web web NN 5180 149 14 site site NN 5180 149 15 to to TO 5180 149 16 be be VB 5180 149 17 unblocked unblocked JJ 5180 149 18 will will MD 5180 149 19 deter deter VB 5180 149 20 many many JJ 5180 149 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 149 22 because because IN 5180 149 23 they -PRON- PRP 5180 149 24 are be VBP 5180 149 25 embarrassed embarrassed JJ 5180 149 26 , , , 5180 149 27 or or CC 5180 149 28 desire desire NN 5180 149 29 to to TO 5180 149 30 protect protect VB 5180 149 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 149 32 privacy privacy NN 5180 149 33 or or CC 5180 149 34 remain remain VB 5180 149 35 anonymous anonymous JJ 5180 149 36 . . . 5180 150 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 150 2 , , , 5180 150 3 the the DT 5180 150 4 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 150 5 may may MD 5180 150 6 take take VB 5180 150 7 days day NNS 5180 150 8 , , , 5180 150 9 and and CC 5180 150 10 may may MD 5180 150 11 be be VB 5180 150 12 unavailable unavailable JJ 5180 150 13 , , , 5180 150 14 especially especially RB 5180 150 15 in in IN 5180 150 16 branch branch NN 5180 150 17 libraries library NNS 5180 150 18 , , , 5180 150 19 which which WDT 5180 150 20 are be VBP 5180 150 21 often often RB 5180 150 22 less less RBR 5180 150 23 well well RB 5180 150 24 staffed staff VBN 5180 150 25 than than IN 5180 150 26 main main JJ 5180 150 27 libraries library NNS 5180 150 28 . . . 5180 151 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 5180 151 2 , , , 5180 151 3 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 151 4 's 's POS 5180 151 5 disabling disable VBG 5180 151 6 provisions provision NNS 5180 151 7 do do VBP 5180 151 8 not not RB 5180 151 9 cure cure VB 5180 151 10 the the DT 5180 151 11 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 151 12 deficiencies deficiency NNS 5180 151 13 in in IN 5180 151 14 public public JJ 5180 151 15 libraries library NNS 5180 151 16 ' ' POS 5180 151 17 use use NN 5180 151 18 of of IN 5180 151 19 Internet internet NN 5180 151 20 filters filter NNS 5180 151 21 . . . 5180 152 1 Under under IN 5180 152 2 these these DT 5180 152 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 152 4 we -PRON- PRP 5180 152 5 are be VBP 5180 152 6 constrained constrain VBN 5180 152 7 to to TO 5180 152 8 conclude conclude VB 5180 152 9 that that IN 5180 152 10 the the DT 5180 152 11 library library NN 5180 152 12 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 152 13 must must MD 5180 152 14 prevail prevail VB 5180 152 15 in in IN 5180 152 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 152 17 contention contention NN 5180 152 18 that that IN 5180 152 19 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 152 20 requires require VBZ 5180 152 21 them -PRON- PRP 5180 152 22 to to TO 5180 152 23 violate violate VB 5180 152 24 the the DT 5180 152 25 First First NNP 5180 152 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 152 27 rights right NNS 5180 152 28 of of IN 5180 152 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 152 30 patrons patron NNS 5180 152 31 , , , 5180 152 32 and and CC 5180 152 33 accordingly accordingly RB 5180 152 34 is be VBZ 5180 152 35 facially facially RB 5180 152 36 invalid invalid JJ 5180 152 37 , , , 5180 152 38 even even RB 5180 152 39 under under IN 5180 152 40 the the DT 5180 152 41 standard standard NN 5180 152 42 urged urge VBN 5180 152 43 on on IN 5180 152 44 us -PRON- PRP 5180 152 45 by by IN 5180 152 46 the the DT 5180 152 47 government government NN 5180 152 48 , , , 5180 152 49 which which WDT 5180 152 50 would would MD 5180 152 51 permit permit VB 5180 152 52 us -PRON- PRP 5180 152 53 to to IN 5180 152 54 facially facially RB 5180 152 55 invalidate invalidate VB 5180 152 56 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 152 57 only only RB 5180 152 58 if if IN 5180 152 59 it -PRON- PRP 5180 152 60 is be VBZ 5180 152 61 impossible impossible JJ 5180 152 62 for for IN 5180 152 63 a a DT 5180 152 64 single single JJ 5180 152 65 public public JJ 5180 152 66 library library NN 5180 152 67 to to TO 5180 152 68 comply comply VB 5180 152 69 with with IN 5180 152 70 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 152 71 's 's POS 5180 152 72 conditions condition NNS 5180 152 73 without without IN 5180 152 74 violating violate VBG 5180 152 75 the the DT 5180 152 76 First First NNP 5180 152 77 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 152 78 . . . 5180 153 1 In in IN 5180 153 2 view view NN 5180 153 3 of of IN 5180 153 4 the the DT 5180 153 5 limitations limitation NNS 5180 153 6 inherent inherent JJ 5180 153 7 in in IN 5180 153 8 the the DT 5180 153 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 153 10 technology technology NN 5180 153 11 mandated mandate VBN 5180 153 12 by by IN 5180 153 13 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 153 14 , , , 5180 153 15 any any DT 5180 153 16 public public JJ 5180 153 17 library library NN 5180 153 18 that that WDT 5180 153 19 adheres adhere VBZ 5180 153 20 to to IN 5180 153 21 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 153 22 's 's POS 5180 153 23 conditions condition NNS 5180 153 24 will will MD 5180 153 25 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 153 26 restrict restrict VB 5180 153 27 patrons patron NNS 5180 153 28 ' ' POS 5180 153 29 access access NN 5180 153 30 to to IN 5180 153 31 a a DT 5180 153 32 substantial substantial JJ 5180 153 33 amount amount NN 5180 153 34 of of IN 5180 153 35 protected protect VBN 5180 153 36 speech speech NN 5180 153 37 , , , 5180 153 38 in in IN 5180 153 39 violation violation NN 5180 153 40 of of IN 5180 153 41 the the DT 5180 153 42 First First NNP 5180 153 43 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 153 44 . . . 5180 154 1 Given give VBN 5180 154 2 this this DT 5180 154 3 conclusion conclusion NN 5180 154 4 , , , 5180 154 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 154 6 need need VBP 5180 154 7 not not RB 5180 154 8 reach reach VB 5180 154 9 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 154 10 ' ' POS 5180 154 11 arguments argument NNS 5180 154 12 that that IN 5180 154 13 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 154 14 effects effect VBZ 5180 154 15 a a DT 5180 154 16 prior prior JJ 5180 154 17 restraint restraint NN 5180 154 18 on on IN 5180 154 19 speech speech NN 5180 154 20 and and CC 5180 154 21 is be VBZ 5180 154 22 unconstitutionally unconstitutionally RB 5180 154 23 vague vague JJ 5180 154 24 . . . 5180 155 1 Nor nor CC 5180 155 2 do do VBP 5180 155 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 155 4 decide decide VB 5180 155 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 155 6 cognate cognate VB 5180 155 7 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 155 8 conditions condition NNS 5180 155 9 theory theory NN 5180 155 10 , , , 5180 155 11 though though IN 5180 155 12 for for IN 5180 155 13 reasons reason NNS 5180 155 14 explained explain VBD 5180 155 15 infra infra NN 5180 155 16 at at IN 5180 155 17 note note NN 5180 155 18 36 36 CD 5180 155 19 , , , 5180 155 20 we -PRON- PRP 5180 155 21 discuss discuss VBP 5180 155 22 the the DT 5180 155 23 issues issue NNS 5180 155 24 raised raise VBN 5180 155 25 by by IN 5180 155 26 that that DT 5180 155 27 claim claim NN 5180 155 28 at at IN 5180 155 29 some some DT 5180 155 30 length length NN 5180 155 31 . . . 5180 156 1 For for IN 5180 156 2 these these DT 5180 156 3 reasons reason NNS 5180 156 4 , , , 5180 156 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 156 6 will will MD 5180 156 7 enter enter VB 5180 156 8 an an DT 5180 156 9 Order order NN 5180 156 10 declaring declare VBG 5180 156 11 Sections section NNS 5180 156 12 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 CD 5180 156 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 156 14 and and CC 5180 156 15 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 156 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 156 17 of of IN 5180 156 18 the the DT 5180 156 19 Children Children NNPS 5180 156 20 's 's POS 5180 156 21 Internet Internet NNP 5180 156 22 Protection Protection NNP 5180 156 23 Act Act NNP 5180 156 24 , , , 5180 156 25 codified codify VBD 5180 156 26 at at IN 5180 156 27 20 20 CD 5180 156 28 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 157 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 157 2 . . . 5180 158 1 9134(f 9134(f LS 5180 158 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 158 3 and and CC 5180 158 4 47 47 CD 5180 158 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 159 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 159 2 . . . 5180 160 1 254(h)(6 254(h)(6 LS 5180 160 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 160 3 , , , 5180 160 4 respectively respectively RB 5180 160 5 , , , 5180 160 6 to to TO 5180 160 7 be be VB 5180 160 8 facially facially RB 5180 160 9 invalid invalid JJ 5180 160 10 under under IN 5180 160 11 the the DT 5180 160 12 First First NNP 5180 160 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 160 14 and and CC 5180 160 15 permanently permanently RB 5180 160 16 enjoining enjoin VBG 5180 160 17 the the DT 5180 160 18 defendants defendant NNS 5180 160 19 from from IN 5180 160 20 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 160 21 those those DT 5180 160 22 provisions provision NNS 5180 160 23 . . . 5180 160 24 II ii CD 5180 160 25 . . . 5180 161 1 Findings finding NNS 5180 161 2 of of IN 5180 161 3 Fact Fact NNP 5180 161 4 1 1 CD 5180 161 5 . . . 5180 162 1 Statutory Statutory NNP 5180 162 2 Framework Framework NNP 5180 162 3 1 1 CD 5180 162 4 . . . 5180 163 1 Nature nature NN 5180 163 2 and and CC 5180 163 3 Operation operation NN 5180 163 4 of of IN 5180 163 5 the the DT 5180 163 6 E e NN 5180 163 7 - - NN 5180 163 8 rate rate NN 5180 163 9 and and CC 5180 163 10 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 163 11 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 163 12 In in IN 5180 163 13 the the DT 5180 163 14 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS 5180 163 15 Act Act NNP 5180 163 16 of of IN 5180 163 17 1996 1996 CD 5180 163 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 163 19 " " `` 5180 163 20 1996 1996 CD 5180 163 21 Act Act NNP 5180 163 22 " " '' 5180 163 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 163 24 , , , 5180 163 25 Congress Congress NNP 5180 163 26 directed direct VBD 5180 163 27 the the DT 5180 163 28 Federal Federal NNP 5180 163 29 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 163 30 Commission Commission NNP 5180 163 31 ( ( -LRB- 5180 163 32 " " `` 5180 163 33 FCC FCC NNP 5180 163 34 " " '' 5180 163 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 163 36 to to TO 5180 163 37 take take VB 5180 163 38 the the DT 5180 163 39 steps step NNS 5180 163 40 necessary necessary JJ 5180 163 41 to to TO 5180 163 42 establish establish VB 5180 163 43 a a DT 5180 163 44 system system NN 5180 163 45 of of IN 5180 163 46 support support NN 5180 163 47 mechanisms mechanism NNS 5180 163 48 to to TO 5180 163 49 ensure ensure VB 5180 163 50 the the DT 5180 163 51 delivery delivery NN 5180 163 52 of of IN 5180 163 53 affordable affordable JJ 5180 163 54 telecommunications telecommunication NNS 5180 163 55 service service NN 5180 163 56 to to IN 5180 163 57 all all DT 5180 163 58 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 163 59 . . . 5180 164 1 This this DT 5180 164 2 system system NN 5180 164 3 , , , 5180 164 4 referred refer VBD 5180 164 5 to to IN 5180 164 6 as as IN 5180 164 7 " " `` 5180 164 8 universal universal JJ 5180 164 9 service service NN 5180 164 10 , , , 5180 164 11 " " '' 5180 164 12 is be VBZ 5180 164 13 codified codify VBN 5180 164 14 in in IN 5180 164 15 section section NN 5180 164 16 254 254 CD 5180 164 17 of of IN 5180 164 18 the the DT 5180 164 19 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 164 20 Act Act NNP 5180 164 21 of of IN 5180 164 22 1934 1934 CD 5180 164 23 , , , 5180 164 24 as as IN 5180 164 25 amended amend VBN 5180 164 26 by by IN 5180 164 27 the the DT 5180 164 28 1996 1996 CD 5180 164 29 Act Act NNP 5180 164 30 . . . 5180 165 1 See see VB 5180 165 2 47 47 CD 5180 165 3 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 166 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 166 2 . . . 5180 167 1 254 254 CD 5180 167 2 . . . 5180 168 1 Congress Congress NNP 5180 168 2 specified specify VBD 5180 168 3 several several JJ 5180 168 4 groups group NNS 5180 168 5 as as IN 5180 168 6 beneficiaries beneficiary NNS 5180 168 7 of of IN 5180 168 8 the the DT 5180 168 9 universal universal JJ 5180 168 10 service service NN 5180 168 11 support support NN 5180 168 12 mechanism mechanism NN 5180 168 13 , , , 5180 168 14 including include VBG 5180 168 15 consumers consumer NNS 5180 168 16 in in IN 5180 168 17 high high JJ 5180 168 18 - - HYPH 5180 168 19 cost cost NN 5180 168 20 areas area NNS 5180 168 21 , , , 5180 168 22 low low JJ 5180 168 23 - - HYPH 5180 168 24 income income NN 5180 168 25 consumers consumer NNS 5180 168 26 , , , 5180 168 27 schools school NNS 5180 168 28 and and CC 5180 168 29 libraries library NNS 5180 168 30 , , , 5180 168 31 and and CC 5180 168 32 rural rural JJ 5180 168 33 health health NN 5180 168 34 care care NN 5180 168 35 providers provider NNS 5180 168 36 . . . 5180 169 1 See see VB 5180 169 2 47 47 CD 5180 169 3 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 170 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 170 2 . . . 5180 171 1 254(h)(1 254(h)(1 NNP 5180 171 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 171 3 . . . 5180 172 1 The the DT 5180 172 2 extension extension NN 5180 172 3 of of IN 5180 172 4 universal universal JJ 5180 172 5 service service NN 5180 172 6 to to IN 5180 172 7 schools school NNS 5180 172 8 and and CC 5180 172 9 libraries library NNS 5180 172 10 in in IN 5180 172 11 section section NN 5180 172 12 254(h 254(h CD 5180 172 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 172 14 is be VBZ 5180 172 15 commonly commonly RB 5180 172 16 referred refer VBN 5180 172 17 to to IN 5180 172 18 as as IN 5180 172 19 the the DT 5180 172 20 Schools Schools NNPS 5180 172 21 and and CC 5180 172 22 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 172 23 Program Program NNP 5180 172 24 , , , 5180 172 25 or or CC 5180 172 26 " " `` 5180 172 27 E e NN 5180 172 28 - - NN 5180 172 29 rate rate NN 5180 172 30 " " '' 5180 172 31 Program program NN 5180 172 32 . . . 5180 173 1 Under under IN 5180 173 2 the the DT 5180 173 3 E e JJ 5180 173 4 - - NN 5180 173 5 rate rate NN 5180 173 6 Program program NN 5180 173 7 , , , 5180 173 8 " " '' 5180 173 9 [ [ -LRB- 5180 173 10 a]ll a]ll NN 5180 173 11 telecommunications telecommunications NN 5180 173 12 carriers carrier NNS 5180 173 13 serving serve VBG 5180 173 14 a a DT 5180 173 15 geographic geographic JJ 5180 173 16 area area NN 5180 173 17 shall shall MD 5180 173 18 , , , 5180 173 19 upon upon IN 5180 173 20 a a DT 5180 173 21 bona bona JJ 5180 173 22 fide fide JJ 5180 173 23 request request NN 5180 173 24 for for IN 5180 173 25 any any DT 5180 173 26 of of IN 5180 173 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 173 28 services service NNS 5180 173 29 that that WDT 5180 173 30 are be VBP 5180 173 31 within within IN 5180 173 32 the the DT 5180 173 33 definition definition NN 5180 173 34 of of IN 5180 173 35 universal universal JJ 5180 173 36 service service NN 5180 173 37 . . . 5180 174 1 . . . 5180 175 1 . . . 5180 175 2 , , , 5180 175 3 provide provide VB 5180 175 4 such such JJ 5180 175 5 services service NNS 5180 175 6 to to IN 5180 175 7 elementary elementary JJ 5180 175 8 schools school NNS 5180 175 9 , , , 5180 175 10 secondary secondary JJ 5180 175 11 schools school NNS 5180 175 12 , , , 5180 175 13 and and CC 5180 175 14 libraries library NNS 5180 175 15 for for IN 5180 175 16 educational educational JJ 5180 175 17 purposes purpose NNS 5180 175 18 at at IN 5180 175 19 rates rate NNS 5180 175 20 less less JJR 5180 175 21 than than IN 5180 175 22 the the DT 5180 175 23 amounts amount NNS 5180 175 24 charged charge VBN 5180 175 25 for for IN 5180 175 26 similar similar JJ 5180 175 27 services service NNS 5180 175 28 to to IN 5180 175 29 other other JJ 5180 175 30 parties party NNS 5180 175 31 . . . 5180 175 32 " " '' 5180 176 1 47 47 CD 5180 176 2 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 177 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 177 2 . . . 5180 178 1 254(h)(1)(B 254(h)(1)(b CD 5180 178 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 178 3 . . . 5180 179 1 Under under IN 5180 179 2 FCC FCC NNP 5180 179 3 regulations regulation NNS 5180 179 4 , , , 5180 179 5 providers provider NNS 5180 179 6 of of IN 5180 179 7 " " `` 5180 179 8 interstate interstate JJ 5180 179 9 telecommunications telecommunication NNS 5180 179 10 " " '' 5180 179 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 179 12 with with IN 5180 179 13 certain certain JJ 5180 179 14 exceptions exception NNS 5180 179 15 , , , 5180 179 16 see see VB 5180 179 17 47 47 CD 5180 179 18 C.F.R. C.F.R. NNS 5180 180 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 180 2 . . . 5180 181 1 54.706(d 54.706(d LS 5180 181 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 181 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 181 4 , , , 5180 181 5 must must MD 5180 181 6 contribute contribute VB 5180 181 7 a a DT 5180 181 8 portion portion NN 5180 181 9 of of IN 5180 181 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 181 11 revenue revenue NN 5180 181 12 for for IN 5180 181 13 disbursement disbursement NN 5180 181 14 among among IN 5180 181 15 eligible eligible JJ 5180 181 16 carriers carrier NNS 5180 181 17 that that WDT 5180 181 18 are be VBP 5180 181 19 providing provide VBG 5180 181 20 services service NNS 5180 181 21 to to IN 5180 181 22 those those DT 5180 181 23 groups group NNS 5180 181 24 or or CC 5180 181 25 areas area NNS 5180 181 26 specified specify VBN 5180 181 27 by by IN 5180 181 28 Congress Congress NNP 5180 181 29 in in IN 5180 181 30 section section NN 5180 181 31 254 254 CD 5180 181 32 . . . 5180 182 1 To to TO 5180 182 2 be be VB 5180 182 3 eligible eligible JJ 5180 182 4 for for IN 5180 182 5 the the DT 5180 182 6 discounts discount NNS 5180 182 7 , , , 5180 182 8 a a DT 5180 182 9 library library NN 5180 182 10 must must MD 5180 182 11 : : : 5180 182 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 182 13 1 1 LS 5180 182 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 182 15 be be VB 5180 182 16 eligible eligible JJ 5180 182 17 for for IN 5180 182 18 assistance assistance NN 5180 182 19 from from IN 5180 182 20 a a DT 5180 182 21 State State NNP 5180 182 22 library library NN 5180 182 23 administrative administrative JJ 5180 182 24 agency agency NN 5180 182 25 under under IN 5180 182 26 the the DT 5180 182 27 Library Library NNP 5180 182 28 Services Services NNPS 5180 182 29 and and CC 5180 182 30 Technology Technology NNP 5180 182 31 Act Act NNP 5180 182 32 , , , 5180 182 33 see see VB 5180 182 34 infra infra FW 5180 182 35 ; ; : 5180 182 36 ( ( -LRB- 5180 182 37 2 2 LS 5180 182 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 182 39 be be VB 5180 182 40 funded fund VBN 5180 182 41 as as IN 5180 182 42 an an DT 5180 182 43 independent independent JJ 5180 182 44 entity entity NN 5180 182 45 , , , 5180 182 46 completely completely RB 5180 182 47 separate separate JJ 5180 182 48 from from IN 5180 182 49 any any DT 5180 182 50 schools school NNS 5180 182 51 ; ; : 5180 182 52 and and CC 5180 182 53 ( ( -LRB- 5180 182 54 3 3 LS 5180 182 55 ) ) -RRB- 5180 182 56 not not RB 5180 182 57 be be VB 5180 182 58 operating operate VBG 5180 182 59 as as IN 5180 182 60 a a DT 5180 182 61 for for IN 5180 182 62 - - HYPH 5180 182 63 profit profit NN 5180 182 64 business business NN 5180 182 65 . . . 5180 183 1 See see VB 5180 183 2 47 47 CD 5180 183 3 C.F.R. C.F.R. NNS 5180 184 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 184 2 . . . 5180 185 1 54.501(c 54.501(c LS 5180 185 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 185 3 . . . 5180 186 1 Discounts discount NNS 5180 186 2 on on IN 5180 186 3 services service NNS 5180 186 4 for for IN 5180 186 5 eligible eligible JJ 5180 186 6 libraries library NNS 5180 186 7 are be VBP 5180 186 8 set set VBN 5180 186 9 as as IN 5180 186 10 a a DT 5180 186 11 percentage percentage NN 5180 186 12 of of IN 5180 186 13 the the DT 5180 186 14 pre pre JJ 5180 186 15 - - JJ 5180 186 16 discount discount JJ 5180 186 17 price price NN 5180 186 18 , , , 5180 186 19 and and CC 5180 186 20 range range VB 5180 186 21 from from IN 5180 186 22 20 20 CD 5180 186 23 % % NN 5180 186 24 to to TO 5180 186 25 90 90 CD 5180 186 26 % % NN 5180 186 27 , , , 5180 186 28 depending depend VBG 5180 186 29 on on IN 5180 186 30 a a DT 5180 186 31 library library NN 5180 186 32 's 's POS 5180 186 33 level level NN 5180 186 34 of of IN 5180 186 35 economic economic JJ 5180 186 36 disadvantage disadvantage NN 5180 186 37 and and CC 5180 186 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 186 39 location location NN 5180 186 40 in in IN 5180 186 41 an an DT 5180 186 42 urban urban JJ 5180 186 43 or or CC 5180 186 44 rural rural JJ 5180 186 45 area area NN 5180 186 46 . . . 5180 187 1 See see VB 5180 187 2 47 47 CD 5180 187 3 C.F.R. C.F.R. NNS 5180 188 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 188 2 . . . 5180 189 1 54.505 54.505 CD 5180 189 2 . . . 5180 190 1 Currently currently RB 5180 190 2 , , , 5180 190 3 a a DT 5180 190 4 library library NN 5180 190 5 's 's POS 5180 190 6 level level NN 5180 190 7 of of IN 5180 190 8 economic economic JJ 5180 190 9 disadvantage disadvantage NN 5180 190 10 is be VBZ 5180 190 11 based base VBN 5180 190 12 on on IN 5180 190 13 the the DT 5180 190 14 percentage percentage NN 5180 190 15 of of IN 5180 190 16 students student NNS 5180 190 17 eligible eligible JJ 5180 190 18 for for IN 5180 190 19 the the DT 5180 190 20 national national NNP 5180 190 21 school school NNP 5180 190 22 lunch lunch NN 5180 190 23 program program NN 5180 190 24 in in IN 5180 190 25 the the DT 5180 190 26 school school NN 5180 190 27 district district NN 5180 190 28 in in IN 5180 190 29 which which WDT 5180 190 30 the the DT 5180 190 31 library library NN 5180 190 32 is be VBZ 5180 190 33 located locate VBN 5180 190 34 . . . 5180 191 1 The the DT 5180 191 2 Library Library NNP 5180 191 3 Services Services NNPS 5180 191 4 and and CC 5180 191 5 Technology Technology NNP 5180 191 6 Act Act NNP 5180 191 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 191 8 " " `` 5180 191 9 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 191 10 " " '' 5180 191 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 191 12 , , , 5180 191 13 Subchapter Subchapter NNP 5180 191 14 II II NNP 5180 191 15 of of IN 5180 191 16 the the DT 5180 191 17 Museum Museum NNP 5180 191 18 and and CC 5180 191 19 Library Library NNP 5180 191 20 Services Services NNPS 5180 191 21 Act Act NNP 5180 191 22 , , , 5180 191 23 20 20 CD 5180 191 24 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 192 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 192 2 . . . 5180 193 1 9101 9101 CD 5180 193 2 et et NNP 5180 193 3 seq seq NN 5180 193 4 . . . 5180 193 5 , , , 5180 193 6 was be VBD 5180 193 7 enacted enact VBN 5180 193 8 by by IN 5180 193 9 Congress Congress NNP 5180 193 10 in in IN 5180 193 11 1996 1996 CD 5180 193 12 as as IN 5180 193 13 part part NN 5180 193 14 of of IN 5180 193 15 the the DT 5180 193 16 Omnibus Omnibus NNP 5180 193 17 Consolidated Consolidated NNP 5180 193 18 Appropriations Appropriations NNP 5180 193 19 Act Act NNP 5180 193 20 of of IN 5180 193 21 1997 1997 CD 5180 193 22 , , , 5180 193 23 Pub Pub NNP 5180 193 24 . . . 5180 194 1 L. L. NNP 5180 194 2 No no UH 5180 194 3 . . . 5180 195 1 104 104 CD 5180 195 2 - - SYM 5180 195 3 208 208 CD 5180 195 4 . . . 5180 196 1 The the DT 5180 196 2 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 196 3 establishes establish VBZ 5180 196 4 three three CD 5180 196 5 grant grant NN 5180 196 6 programs program NNS 5180 196 7 to to TO 5180 196 8 achieve achieve VB 5180 196 9 the the DT 5180 196 10 goal goal NN 5180 196 11 of of IN 5180 196 12 improving improve VBG 5180 196 13 library library NN 5180 196 14 services service NNS 5180 196 15 across across IN 5180 196 16 the the DT 5180 196 17 nation nation NN 5180 196 18 . . . 5180 197 1 Under under IN 5180 197 2 the the DT 5180 197 3 Grants Grants NNPS 5180 197 4 to to IN 5180 197 5 States States NNP 5180 197 6 Program Program NNP 5180 197 7 , , , 5180 197 8 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 197 9 grant grant NN 5180 197 10 funds fund NNS 5180 197 11 are be VBP 5180 197 12 awarded award VBN 5180 197 13 , , , 5180 197 14 inter inter NNP 5180 197 15 alia alia NNP 5180 197 16 , , , 5180 197 17 in in IN 5180 197 18 order order NN 5180 197 19 to to TO 5180 197 20 assist assist VB 5180 197 21 libraries library NNS 5180 197 22 in in IN 5180 197 23 accessing access VBG 5180 197 24 information information NN 5180 197 25 through through IN 5180 197 26 electronic electronic JJ 5180 197 27 networks network NNS 5180 197 28 and and CC 5180 197 29 pay pay VB 5180 197 30 for for IN 5180 197 31 the the DT 5180 197 32 costs cost NNS 5180 197 33 of of IN 5180 197 34 acquiring acquire VBG 5180 197 35 or or CC 5180 197 36 sharing share VBG 5180 197 37 computer computer NN 5180 197 38 systems system NNS 5180 197 39 and and CC 5180 197 40 telecommunications telecommunication NNS 5180 197 41 technologies technology NNS 5180 197 42 . . . 5180 198 1 See see VB 5180 198 2 20 20 CD 5180 198 3 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 199 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 199 2 . . . 5180 200 1 9141(a 9141(a LS 5180 200 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 200 3 . . . 5180 201 1 Through through IN 5180 201 2 the the DT 5180 201 3 Grants Grants NNPS 5180 201 4 to to IN 5180 201 5 States States NNP 5180 201 6 program program NN 5180 201 7 , , , 5180 201 8 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 201 9 funds fund NNS 5180 201 10 have have VBP 5180 201 11 been be VBN 5180 201 12 used use VBN 5180 201 13 to to TO 5180 201 14 acquire acquire VB 5180 201 15 and and CC 5180 201 16 pay pay VB 5180 201 17 costs cost NNS 5180 201 18 associated associate VBN 5180 201 19 with with IN 5180 201 20 Internet internet NN 5180 201 21 - - HYPH 5180 201 22 accessible accessible JJ 5180 201 23 computers computer NNS 5180 201 24 located locate VBN 5180 201 25 in in IN 5180 201 26 libraries library NNS 5180 201 27 . . . 5180 202 1 2 2 LS 5180 202 2 . . . 5180 203 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 203 2 The the DT 5180 203 3 Children Children NNPS 5180 203 4 's 's POS 5180 203 5 Internet Internet NNP 5180 203 6 Protection Protection NNP 5180 203 7 Act Act NNP 5180 203 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 203 9 " " `` 5180 203 10 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 203 11 " " '' 5180 203 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 203 13 was be VBD 5180 203 14 enacted enact VBN 5180 203 15 as as IN 5180 203 16 part part NN 5180 203 17 of of IN 5180 203 18 the the DT 5180 203 19 Consolidated Consolidated NNP 5180 203 20 Appropriations Appropriations NNPS 5180 203 21 Act Act NNP 5180 203 22 of of IN 5180 203 23 2001 2001 CD 5180 203 24 , , , 5180 203 25 which which WDT 5180 203 26 consolidated consolidate VBD 5180 203 27 and and CC 5180 203 28 enacted enact VBD 5180 203 29 several several JJ 5180 203 30 appropriations appropriation NNS 5180 203 31 bills bill NNS 5180 203 32 , , , 5180 203 33 including include VBG 5180 203 34 the the DT 5180 203 35 Miscellaneous Miscellaneous NNP 5180 203 36 Appropriations Appropriations NNPS 5180 203 37 Act Act NNP 5180 203 38 , , , 5180 203 39 of of IN 5180 203 40 which which WDT 5180 203 41 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 203 42 was be VBD 5180 203 43 a a DT 5180 203 44 part part NN 5180 203 45 . . . 5180 204 1 See see VB 5180 204 2 Pub Pub NNP 5180 204 3 . . . 5180 205 1 L. L. NNP 5180 205 2 No no UH 5180 205 3 . . . 5180 206 1 106 106 CD 5180 206 2 - - SYM 5180 206 3 554 554 CD 5180 206 4 . . . 5180 207 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 207 2 addresses address VBZ 5180 207 3 three three CD 5180 207 4 distinct distinct JJ 5180 207 5 types type NNS 5180 207 6 of of IN 5180 207 7 federal federal JJ 5180 207 8 funding funding NN 5180 207 9 programs program NNS 5180 207 10 : : : 5180 207 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 207 12 1 1 LS 5180 207 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 207 14 aid aid NN 5180 207 15 to to IN 5180 207 16 elementary elementary JJ 5180 207 17 and and CC 5180 207 18 secondary secondary JJ 5180 207 19 schools school NNS 5180 207 20 pursuant pursuant JJ 5180 207 21 to to IN 5180 207 22 Title Title NNP 5180 207 23 III III NNP 5180 207 24 of of IN 5180 207 25 the the DT 5180 207 26 Elementary Elementary NNP 5180 207 27 and and CC 5180 207 28 Secondary Secondary NNP 5180 207 29 Education Education NNP 5180 207 30 Act Act NNP 5180 207 31 of of IN 5180 207 32 1965 1965 CD 5180 207 33 , , , 5180 207 34 see see VB 5180 207 35 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 207 36 Sec Sec NNP 5180 207 37 . . . 5180 208 1 1711 1711 CD 5180 208 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 208 3 amending amend VBG 5180 208 4 Title Title NNP 5180 208 5 20 20 CD 5180 208 6 to to TO 5180 208 7 add add VB 5180 208 8 Sec Sec NNP 5180 208 9 . . . 5180 209 1 3601 3601 CD 5180 209 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 209 3 ; ; : 5180 209 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 209 5 2 2 LS 5180 209 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 209 7 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 209 8 grants grant NNS 5180 209 9 to to IN 5180 209 10 states state NNS 5180 209 11 for for IN 5180 209 12 support support NN 5180 209 13 of of IN 5180 209 14 libraries library NNS 5180 209 15 , , , 5180 209 16 see see VB 5180 209 17 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 209 18 Sec Sec NNP 5180 209 19 . . . 5180 210 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 210 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 210 3 amending amend VBG 5180 210 4 the the DT 5180 210 5 Museum Museum NNP 5180 210 6 and and CC 5180 210 7 Library Library NNP 5180 210 8 Services Services NNPS 5180 210 9 Act Act NNP 5180 210 10 , , , 5180 210 11 20 20 CD 5180 210 12 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 211 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 211 2 . . . 5180 212 1 9134 9134 CD 5180 212 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 212 3 ; ; : 5180 212 4 and and CC 5180 212 5 ( ( -LRB- 5180 212 6 3 3 LS 5180 212 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 212 8 discounts discount NNS 5180 212 9 under under IN 5180 212 10 the the DT 5180 212 11 E e JJ 5180 212 12 - - NN 5180 212 13 rate rate NN 5180 212 14 program program NN 5180 212 15 , , , 5180 212 16 see see VB 5180 212 17 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 212 18 Sec Sec NNP 5180 212 19 . . . 5180 213 1 1721(a 1721(a LS 5180 213 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 213 3 & & CC 5180 213 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 213 5 b b NNP 5180 213 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 213 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 213 8 both both DT 5180 213 9 amending amend VBG 5180 213 10 the the DT 5180 213 11 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 213 12 Act Act NNP 5180 213 13 of of IN 5180 213 14 1934 1934 CD 5180 213 15 , , , 5180 213 16 47 47 CD 5180 213 17 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 214 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 214 2 . . . 5180 215 1 254(h 254(h CD 5180 215 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 215 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 215 4 . . . 5180 216 1 Only only RB 5180 216 2 sections section NNS 5180 216 3 1712 1712 CD 5180 216 4 and and CC 5180 216 5 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 216 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 216 7 of of IN 5180 216 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 216 9 , , , 5180 216 10 which which WDT 5180 216 11 apply apply VBP 5180 216 12 to to IN 5180 216 13 libraries library NNS 5180 216 14 , , , 5180 216 15 are be VBP 5180 216 16 at at IN 5180 216 17 issue issue NN 5180 216 18 in in IN 5180 216 19 this this DT 5180 216 20 case case NN 5180 216 21 . . . 5180 217 1 As as IN 5180 217 2 explained explain VBN 5180 217 3 in in IN 5180 217 4 more more JJR 5180 217 5 detail detail NN 5180 217 6 below below RB 5180 217 7 , , , 5180 217 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 217 9 requires require VBZ 5180 217 10 libraries library NNS 5180 217 11 that that WDT 5180 217 12 participate participate VBP 5180 217 13 in in IN 5180 217 14 the the DT 5180 217 15 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 217 16 and and CC 5180 217 17 E e NN 5180 217 18 - - NN 5180 217 19 rate rate NN 5180 217 20 programs program NNS 5180 217 21 to to TO 5180 217 22 certify certify VB 5180 217 23 that that IN 5180 217 24 they -PRON- PRP 5180 217 25 are be VBP 5180 217 26 using use VBG 5180 217 27 software software NN 5180 217 28 filters filter NNS 5180 217 29 on on IN 5180 217 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 217 31 computers computer NNS 5180 217 32 to to TO 5180 217 33 protect protect VB 5180 217 34 against against IN 5180 217 35 visual visual JJ 5180 217 36 depictions depiction NNS 5180 217 37 that that WDT 5180 217 38 are be VBP 5180 217 39 obscene obscene JJ 5180 217 40 , , , 5180 217 41 child child NN 5180 217 42 pornography pornography NN 5180 217 43 , , , 5180 217 44 or or CC 5180 217 45 in in IN 5180 217 46 the the DT 5180 217 47 case case NN 5180 217 48 of of IN 5180 217 49 minors minor NNS 5180 217 50 , , , 5180 217 51 harmful harmful JJ 5180 217 52 to to IN 5180 217 53 minors minor NNS 5180 217 54 . . . 5180 218 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 218 2 permits permit VBZ 5180 218 3 library library JJ 5180 218 4 officials official NNS 5180 218 5 to to TO 5180 218 6 disable disable VB 5180 218 7 the the DT 5180 218 8 filters filter NNS 5180 218 9 for for IN 5180 218 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 218 11 for for IN 5180 218 12 bona bona FW 5180 218 13 fide fide JJ 5180 218 14 research research NN 5180 218 15 or or CC 5180 218 16 other other JJ 5180 218 17 lawful lawful JJ 5180 218 18 purposes purpose NNS 5180 218 19 , , , 5180 218 20 but but CC 5180 218 21 disabling disabling NN 5180 218 22 is be VBZ 5180 218 23 not not RB 5180 218 24 permitted permit VBN 5180 218 25 for for IN 5180 218 26 minor minor JJ 5180 218 27 patrons patron NNS 5180 218 28 if if IN 5180 218 29 the the DT 5180 218 30 library library NN 5180 218 31 receives receive VBZ 5180 218 32 E e NN 5180 218 33 - - NN 5180 218 34 rate rate NN 5180 218 35 discounts discount NNS 5180 218 36 . . . 5180 219 1 1 1 LS 5180 219 2 . . . 5180 220 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 220 2 's 's POS 5180 220 3 Amendments amendment NNS 5180 220 4 to to IN 5180 220 5 the the DT 5180 220 6 E e JJ 5180 220 7 - - NN 5180 220 8 rate rate NN 5180 220 9 Program Program NNP 5180 220 10 Section Section NNP 5180 220 11 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 220 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 220 13 of of IN 5180 220 14 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 220 15 imposes impose VBZ 5180 220 16 conditions condition NNS 5180 220 17 on on IN 5180 220 18 a a DT 5180 220 19 library library NN 5180 220 20 's 's POS 5180 220 21 participation participation NN 5180 220 22 in in IN 5180 220 23 the the DT 5180 220 24 E e JJ 5180 220 25 - - NN 5180 220 26 rate rate NN 5180 220 27 program program NN 5180 220 28 . . . 5180 221 1 A a DT 5180 221 2 library library NN 5180 221 3 " " `` 5180 221 4 having have VBG 5180 221 5 one one CD 5180 221 6 or or CC 5180 221 7 more more JJR 5180 221 8 computers computer NNS 5180 221 9 with with IN 5180 221 10 Internet internet NN 5180 221 11 access access NN 5180 221 12 may may MD 5180 221 13 not not RB 5180 221 14 receive receive VB 5180 221 15 services service NNS 5180 221 16 at at IN 5180 221 17 discount discount NN 5180 221 18 rates rate NNS 5180 221 19 , , , 5180 221 20 " " '' 5180 221 21 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 221 22 Sec Sec NNP 5180 221 23 . . . 5180 222 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 222 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 222 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 222 4 codified codify VBN 5180 222 5 at at IN 5180 222 6 47 47 CD 5180 222 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 223 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 223 2 . . . 5180 224 1 254(h)(6)(A)(i 254(h)(6)(a)(i LS 5180 224 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 224 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 224 4 , , , 5180 224 5 unless unless IN 5180 224 6 the the DT 5180 224 7 library library NN 5180 224 8 certifies certifie NNS 5180 224 9 that that IN 5180 224 10 it -PRON- PRP 5180 224 11 is be VBZ 5180 224 12 " " `` 5180 224 13 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 224 14 a a DT 5180 224 15 policy policy NN 5180 224 16 of of IN 5180 224 17 Internet internet NN 5180 224 18 safety safety NN 5180 224 19 that that WDT 5180 224 20 includes include VBZ 5180 224 21 the the DT 5180 224 22 operation operation NN 5180 224 23 of of IN 5180 224 24 a a DT 5180 224 25 technology technology NN 5180 224 26 protection protection NN 5180 224 27 measure measure NN 5180 224 28 with with IN 5180 224 29 respect respect NN 5180 224 30 to to IN 5180 224 31 any any DT 5180 224 32 of of IN 5180 224 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 224 34 computers computer NNS 5180 224 35 with with IN 5180 224 36 Internet internet NN 5180 224 37 access access NN 5180 224 38 that that WDT 5180 224 39 protects protect VBZ 5180 224 40 against against IN 5180 224 41 access access NN 5180 224 42 through through IN 5180 224 43 such such JJ 5180 224 44 computers computer NNS 5180 224 45 to to IN 5180 224 46 visual visual JJ 5180 224 47 depictions depiction NNS 5180 224 48 that that WDT 5180 224 49 are be VBP 5180 224 50 – – : 5180 224 51 ( ( -LRB- 5180 224 52 I i NN 5180 224 53 ) ) -RRB- 5180 224 54 obscene obscene JJ 5180 224 55 ; ; : 5180 224 56 ( ( -LRB- 5180 224 57 II II NNP 5180 224 58 ) ) -RRB- 5180 224 59 child child NN 5180 224 60 pornography pornography NN 5180 224 61 ; ; : 5180 224 62 or or CC 5180 224 63 ( ( -LRB- 5180 224 64 III III NNP 5180 224 65 ) ) -RRB- 5180 224 66 harmful harmful JJ 5180 224 67 to to IN 5180 224 68 minors minor NNS 5180 224 69 , , , 5180 224 70 " " '' 5180 224 71 and and CC 5180 224 72 that that IN 5180 224 73 it -PRON- PRP 5180 224 74 is be VBZ 5180 224 75 " " `` 5180 224 76 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 224 77 the the DT 5180 224 78 operation operation NN 5180 224 79 of of IN 5180 224 80 such such JJ 5180 224 81 technology technology NN 5180 224 82 protection protection NN 5180 224 83 measure measure NN 5180 224 84 during during IN 5180 224 85 any any DT 5180 224 86 use use NN 5180 224 87 of of IN 5180 224 88 such such JJ 5180 224 89 computers computer NNS 5180 224 90 by by IN 5180 224 91 minors minor NNS 5180 224 92 . . . 5180 224 93 " " '' 5180 225 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 225 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 225 3 . . . 5180 226 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 226 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 226 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 226 4 codified codify VBN 5180 226 5 at at IN 5180 226 6 47 47 CD 5180 226 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 227 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 227 2 . . . 5180 228 1 254(h)(6)(B 254(h)(6)(b LS 5180 228 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 228 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 228 4 . . . 5180 229 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 229 2 defines define VBZ 5180 229 3 a a DT 5180 229 4 " " `` 5180 229 5 technology technology NN 5180 229 6 protection protection NN 5180 229 7 measure measure NN 5180 229 8 " " '' 5180 229 9 as as IN 5180 229 10 " " `` 5180 229 11 a a DT 5180 229 12 specific specific JJ 5180 229 13 technology technology NN 5180 229 14 that that WDT 5180 229 15 blocks block VBZ 5180 229 16 or or CC 5180 229 17 filters filter VBZ 5180 229 18 access access NN 5180 229 19 to to IN 5180 229 20 visual visual JJ 5180 229 21 depictions depiction NNS 5180 229 22 that that WDT 5180 229 23 are be VBP 5180 229 24 obscene obscene JJ 5180 229 25 , , , 5180 229 26 . . . 5180 230 1 . . . 5180 231 1 . . . 5180 232 1 child child NN 5180 232 2 pornography pornography NN 5180 232 3 , , , 5180 232 4 . . . 5180 233 1 . . . 5180 234 1 . . . 5180 235 1 or or CC 5180 235 2 harmful harmful JJ 5180 235 3 to to IN 5180 235 4 minors minor NNS 5180 235 5 . . . 5180 235 6 " " '' 5180 236 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 236 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 236 3 . . . 5180 237 1 1703(b)(1 1703(b)(1 LS 5180 237 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 237 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 237 4 codified codify VBN 5180 237 5 at at IN 5180 237 6 47 47 CD 5180 237 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 238 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 238 2 . . . 5180 239 1 254(h)(7)(I 254(h)(7)(i LS 5180 239 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 239 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 239 4 . . . 5180 240 1 To to TO 5180 240 2 receive receive VB 5180 240 3 E e NN 5180 240 4 - - NN 5180 240 5 rate rate NN 5180 240 6 discounts discount NNS 5180 240 7 , , , 5180 240 8 a a DT 5180 240 9 library library NN 5180 240 10 must must MD 5180 240 11 also also RB 5180 240 12 certify certify VB 5180 240 13 that that IN 5180 240 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 240 15 software software NN 5180 240 16 is be VBZ 5180 240 17 in in IN 5180 240 18 operation operation NN 5180 240 19 during during IN 5180 240 20 adult adult NN 5180 240 21 use use NN 5180 240 22 of of IN 5180 240 23 the the DT 5180 240 24 Internet internet NN 5180 240 25 . . . 5180 241 1 More more RBR 5180 241 2 specifically specifically RB 5180 241 3 , , , 5180 241 4 with with IN 5180 241 5 respect respect NN 5180 241 6 to to IN 5180 241 7 adults adult NNS 5180 241 8 , , , 5180 241 9 a a DT 5180 241 10 library library NN 5180 241 11 must must MD 5180 241 12 certify certify VB 5180 241 13 that that IN 5180 241 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 241 15 is be VBZ 5180 241 16 " " `` 5180 241 17 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 241 18 a a DT 5180 241 19 policy policy NN 5180 241 20 of of IN 5180 241 21 Internet internet NN 5180 241 22 safety safety NN 5180 241 23 that that WDT 5180 241 24 includes include VBZ 5180 241 25 the the DT 5180 241 26 operation operation NN 5180 241 27 of of IN 5180 241 28 a a DT 5180 241 29 technology technology NN 5180 241 30 protection protection NN 5180 241 31 measure measure NN 5180 241 32 with with IN 5180 241 33 respect respect NN 5180 241 34 to to IN 5180 241 35 any any DT 5180 241 36 of of IN 5180 241 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 241 38 computers computer NNS 5180 241 39 with with IN 5180 241 40 Internet internet NN 5180 241 41 access access NN 5180 241 42 that that WDT 5180 241 43 protects protect VBZ 5180 241 44 against against IN 5180 241 45 access access NN 5180 241 46 through through IN 5180 241 47 such such JJ 5180 241 48 computers computer NNS 5180 241 49 to to IN 5180 241 50 visual visual JJ 5180 241 51 depictions depiction NNS 5180 241 52 that that WDT 5180 241 53 are be VBP 5180 241 54 – – : 5180 241 55 ( ( -LRB- 5180 241 56 I i NN 5180 241 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 241 58 obscene obscene JJ 5180 241 59 ; ; : 5180 241 60 or or CC 5180 241 61 ( ( -LRB- 5180 241 62 II II NNP 5180 241 63 ) ) -RRB- 5180 241 64 child child NN 5180 241 65 pornography pornography NN 5180 241 66 , , , 5180 241 67 " " '' 5180 241 68 and and CC 5180 241 69 that that IN 5180 241 70 it -PRON- PRP 5180 241 71 is be VBZ 5180 241 72 " " `` 5180 241 73 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 241 74 the the DT 5180 241 75 operation operation NN 5180 241 76 of of IN 5180 241 77 such such JJ 5180 241 78 technology technology NN 5180 241 79 protection protection NN 5180 241 80 measure measure NN 5180 241 81 during during IN 5180 241 82 any any DT 5180 241 83 use use NN 5180 241 84 of of IN 5180 241 85 such such JJ 5180 241 86 computers computer NNS 5180 241 87 . . . 5180 241 88 " " '' 5180 242 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 242 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 242 3 . . . 5180 243 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 243 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 243 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 243 4 codified codify VBN 5180 243 5 at at IN 5180 243 6 47 47 CD 5180 243 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 244 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 244 2 . . . 5180 245 1 254(h)(6)(C 254(h)(6)(c LS 5180 245 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 245 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 245 4 . . . 5180 246 1 Interpreting interpret VBG 5180 246 2 the the DT 5180 246 3 statutory statutory JJ 5180 246 4 terms term NNS 5180 246 5 " " `` 5180 246 6 any any DT 5180 246 7 use use NN 5180 246 8 , , , 5180 246 9 " " '' 5180 246 10 the the DT 5180 246 11 FCC FCC NNP 5180 246 12 has have VBZ 5180 246 13 concluded conclude VBN 5180 246 14 that that IN 5180 246 15 " " `` 5180 246 16 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 246 17 makes make VBZ 5180 246 18 no no DT 5180 246 19 distinction distinction NN 5180 246 20 between between IN 5180 246 21 computers computer NNS 5180 246 22 used use VBN 5180 246 23 only only RB 5180 246 24 by by IN 5180 246 25 staff staff NN 5180 246 26 and and CC 5180 246 27 those those DT 5180 246 28 accessible accessible JJ 5180 246 29 to to IN 5180 246 30 the the DT 5180 246 31 public public NN 5180 246 32 . . . 5180 246 33 " " '' 5180 247 1 In in IN 5180 247 2 re re JJ 5180 247 3 Federal Federal NNP 5180 247 4 - - HYPH 5180 247 5 State State NNP 5180 247 6 Joint Joint NNP 5180 247 7 Board Board NNP 5180 247 8 on on IN 5180 247 9 Universal Universal NNP 5180 247 10 Service Service NNP 5180 247 11 : : : 5180 247 12 Children Children NNP 5180 247 13 's 's POS 5180 247 14 Internet Internet NNP 5180 247 15 Protection Protection NNP 5180 247 16 Act Act NNP 5180 247 17 , , , 5180 247 18 CC CC NNP 5180 247 19 Docket Docket NNP 5180 247 20 No no UH 5180 247 21 . . . 5180 248 1 96 96 CD 5180 248 2 - - SYM 5180 248 3 45 45 CD 5180 248 4 , , , 5180 248 5 Report Report NNP 5180 248 6 and and CC 5180 248 7 Order Order NNP 5180 248 8 , , , 5180 248 9 FCC FCC NNP 5180 248 10 01 01 CD 5180 248 11 - - SYM 5180 248 12 120 120 CD 5180 248 13 , , , 5180 248 14 30 30 CD 5180 248 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 248 16 Apr. April NNP 5180 249 1 5 5 CD 5180 249 2 , , , 5180 249 3 2001 2001 CD 5180 249 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 249 5 . . . 5180 250 1 With with IN 5180 250 2 respect respect NN 5180 250 3 to to IN 5180 250 4 libraries library NNS 5180 250 5 receiving receive VBG 5180 250 6 E e NN 5180 250 7 - - NN 5180 250 8 rate rate NN 5180 250 9 discounts discount NNS 5180 250 10 , , , 5180 250 11 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 250 12 further further RB 5180 250 13 specifies specify VBZ 5180 250 14 that that IN 5180 250 15 " " `` 5180 250 16 [ [ -LRB- 5180 250 17 a]n a]n NNP 5180 250 18 administrator administrator NN 5180 250 19 , , , 5180 250 20 supervisor supervisor NN 5180 250 21 , , , 5180 250 22 or or CC 5180 250 23 other other JJ 5180 250 24 person person NN 5180 250 25 authorized authorize VBN 5180 250 26 by by IN 5180 250 27 the the DT 5180 250 28 certifying certify VBG 5180 250 29 authority authority NN 5180 250 30 . . . 5180 251 1 . . . 5180 252 1 . . . 5180 253 1 may may MD 5180 253 2 disable disable VB 5180 253 3 the the DT 5180 253 4 technology technology NN 5180 253 5 protection protection NN 5180 253 6 measure measure NN 5180 253 7 concerned concern VBN 5180 253 8 , , , 5180 253 9 during during IN 5180 253 10 use use NN 5180 253 11 by by IN 5180 253 12 an an DT 5180 253 13 adult adult NN 5180 253 14 , , , 5180 253 15 to to TO 5180 253 16 enable enable VB 5180 253 17 access access NN 5180 253 18 for for IN 5180 253 19 bona bona FW 5180 253 20 fide fide JJ 5180 253 21 research research NN 5180 253 22 or or CC 5180 253 23 other other JJ 5180 253 24 lawful lawful JJ 5180 253 25 purpose purpose NN 5180 253 26 . . . 5180 253 27 " " '' 5180 254 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 254 2 Sec.1721(b Sec.1721(b NNP 5180 254 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 254 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 254 5 codified codify VBN 5180 254 6 at at IN 5180 254 7 47 47 CD 5180 254 8 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 255 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 255 2 . . . 5180 256 1 254(h)(6)(D 254(h)(6)(d LS 5180 256 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 256 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 256 4 . . . 5180 257 1 2 2 LS 5180 257 2 . . . 5180 258 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 258 2 's 's POS 5180 258 3 Amendments amendment NNS 5180 258 4 to to IN 5180 258 5 the the DT 5180 258 6 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 258 7 Program Program NNP 5180 258 8 Section Section NNP 5180 258 9 1712 1712 CD 5180 258 10 of of IN 5180 258 11 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 258 12 amends amend VBZ 5180 258 13 the the DT 5180 258 14 Museum Museum NNP 5180 258 15 and and CC 5180 258 16 Library Library NNP 5180 258 17 Services Services NNPS 5180 258 18 Act Act NNP 5180 258 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 258 20 20 20 CD 5180 258 21 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 259 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 259 2 . . . 5180 260 1 9134(f 9134(f LS 5180 260 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 260 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 260 4 to to TO 5180 260 5 provide provide VB 5180 260 6 that that IN 5180 260 7 no no DT 5180 260 8 funds fund NNS 5180 260 9 made make VBN 5180 260 10 available available JJ 5180 260 11 under under IN 5180 260 12 the the DT 5180 260 13 Act Act NNP 5180 260 14 " " '' 5180 260 15 may may MD 5180 260 16 be be VB 5180 260 17 used use VBN 5180 260 18 to to TO 5180 260 19 purchase purchase VB 5180 260 20 computers computer NNS 5180 260 21 used use VBN 5180 260 22 to to TO 5180 260 23 access access VB 5180 260 24 the the DT 5180 260 25 Internet internet NN 5180 260 26 , , , 5180 260 27 or or CC 5180 260 28 to to TO 5180 260 29 pay pay VB 5180 260 30 for for IN 5180 260 31 direct direct JJ 5180 260 32 costs cost NNS 5180 260 33 associated associate VBN 5180 260 34 with with IN 5180 260 35 accessing access VBG 5180 260 36 the the DT 5180 260 37 Internet internet NN 5180 260 38 , , , 5180 260 39 " " '' 5180 260 40 unless unless IN 5180 260 41 such such JJ 5180 260 42 library library NN 5180 260 43 " " `` 5180 260 44 has have VBZ 5180 260 45 in in IN 5180 260 46 place place NN 5180 260 47 " " '' 5180 260 48 and and CC 5180 260 49 is be VBZ 5180 260 50 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 260 51 " " `` 5180 260 52 a a DT 5180 260 53 policy policy NN 5180 260 54 of of IN 5180 260 55 Internet internet NN 5180 260 56 safety safety NN 5180 260 57 that that WDT 5180 260 58 includes include VBZ 5180 260 59 the the DT 5180 260 60 operation operation NN 5180 260 61 of of IN 5180 260 62 a a DT 5180 260 63 technology technology NN 5180 260 64 protection protection NN 5180 260 65 measure measure NN 5180 260 66 with with IN 5180 260 67 respect respect NN 5180 260 68 to to IN 5180 260 69 any any DT 5180 260 70 of of IN 5180 260 71 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 260 72 computers computer NNS 5180 260 73 with with IN 5180 260 74 Internet internet NN 5180 260 75 access access NN 5180 260 76 that that WDT 5180 260 77 protects protect VBZ 5180 260 78 against against IN 5180 260 79 access access NN 5180 260 80 through through IN 5180 260 81 such such JJ 5180 260 82 computers computer NNS 5180 260 83 to to IN 5180 260 84 visual visual JJ 5180 260 85 depictions depiction NNS 5180 260 86 " " '' 5180 260 87 that that WDT 5180 260 88 are be VBP 5180 260 89 " " `` 5180 260 90 obscene obscene JJ 5180 260 91 " " '' 5180 260 92 or or CC 5180 260 93 " " `` 5180 260 94 child child NN 5180 260 95 pornography pornography NN 5180 260 96 , , , 5180 260 97 " " '' 5180 260 98 and and CC 5180 260 99 , , , 5180 260 100 when when WRB 5180 260 101 the the DT 5180 260 102 computers computer NNS 5180 260 103 are be VBP 5180 260 104 in in IN 5180 260 105 use use NN 5180 260 106 by by IN 5180 260 107 minors minor NNS 5180 260 108 , , , 5180 260 109 also also RB 5180 260 110 protects protect VBZ 5180 260 111 against against IN 5180 260 112 access access NN 5180 260 113 to to IN 5180 260 114 visual visual JJ 5180 260 115 depictions depiction NNS 5180 260 116 that that WDT 5180 260 117 are be VBP 5180 260 118 " " `` 5180 260 119 harmful harmful JJ 5180 260 120 to to IN 5180 260 121 minors minor NNS 5180 260 122 . . . 5180 260 123 " " '' 5180 261 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 261 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 261 3 . . . 5180 262 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 262 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 262 3 codified codify VBN 5180 262 4 at at IN 5180 262 5 20 20 CD 5180 262 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 263 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 263 2 . . . 5180 264 1 9134(f)(1 9134(f)(1 CD 5180 264 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 264 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 264 4 . . . 5180 265 1 Section section NN 5180 265 2 1712 1712 CD 5180 265 3 contains contain VBZ 5180 265 4 definitions definition NNS 5180 265 5 of of IN 5180 265 6 " " `` 5180 265 7 technology technology NN 5180 265 8 protection protection NN 5180 265 9 measure measure NN 5180 265 10 , , , 5180 265 11 " " '' 5180 265 12 " " `` 5180 265 13 obscene obscene JJ 5180 265 14 , , , 5180 265 15 " " '' 5180 265 16 " " `` 5180 265 17 child child NN 5180 265 18 pornography pornography NN 5180 265 19 , , , 5180 265 20 " " '' 5180 265 21 and and CC 5180 265 22 " " `` 5180 265 23 harmful harmful JJ 5180 265 24 to to IN 5180 265 25 minors minor NNS 5180 265 26 , , , 5180 265 27 " " '' 5180 265 28 that that WDT 5180 265 29 are be VBP 5180 265 30 substantially substantially RB 5180 265 31 similar similar JJ 5180 265 32 to to IN 5180 265 33 those those DT 5180 265 34 found find VBN 5180 265 35 in in IN 5180 265 36 the the DT 5180 265 37 provisions provision NNS 5180 265 38 governing govern VBG 5180 265 39 the the DT 5180 265 40 E e JJ 5180 265 41 - - NN 5180 265 42 rate rate NN 5180 265 43 program program NN 5180 265 44 . . . 5180 266 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 266 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 266 3 . . . 5180 267 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 267 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 267 3 codified codify VBN 5180 267 4 at at IN 5180 267 5 20 20 CD 5180 267 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 268 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 268 2 . . . 5180 269 1 9134(f)(7 9134(f)(7 LS 5180 269 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 269 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 269 4 ; ; : 5180 269 5 see see VB 5180 269 6 also also RB 5180 269 7 supra supra NNP 5180 269 8 note note NNP 5180 269 9 2 2 CD 5180 269 10 . . . 5180 270 1 As as IN 5180 270 2 under under IN 5180 270 3 the the DT 5180 270 4 E e NN 5180 270 5 - - NN 5180 270 6 rate rate NN 5180 270 7 program program NN 5180 270 8 , , , 5180 270 9 " " '' 5180 270 10 an an DT 5180 270 11 administrator administrator NN 5180 270 12 , , , 5180 270 13 supervisor supervisor NN 5180 270 14 or or CC 5180 270 15 other other JJ 5180 270 16 authority authority NN 5180 270 17 may may MD 5180 270 18 disable disable VB 5180 270 19 a a DT 5180 270 20 technology technology NN 5180 270 21 protection protection NN 5180 270 22 measure measure NN 5180 270 23 . . . 5180 271 1 . . . 5180 272 1 . . . 5180 273 1 to to TO 5180 273 2 enable enable VB 5180 273 3 access access NN 5180 273 4 for for IN 5180 273 5 bona bona FW 5180 273 6 fide fide JJ 5180 273 7 research research NN 5180 273 8 or or CC 5180 273 9 other other JJ 5180 273 10 lawful lawful JJ 5180 273 11 purposes purpose NNS 5180 273 12 . . . 5180 273 13 " " '' 5180 274 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 274 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 274 3 . . . 5180 275 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 275 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 275 3 codified codify VBN 5180 275 4 at at IN 5180 275 5 20 20 CD 5180 275 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 276 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 276 2 . . . 5180 277 1 9134(f)(3 9134(f)(3 LS 5180 277 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 277 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 277 4 . . . 5180 278 1 Whereas whereas IN 5180 278 2 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 278 3 's 's POS 5180 278 4 amendments amendment NNS 5180 278 5 to to IN 5180 278 6 the the DT 5180 278 7 E e JJ 5180 278 8 - - HYPH 5180 278 9 rate rate NN 5180 278 10 program program NN 5180 278 11 permit permit NN 5180 278 12 disabling disable VBG 5180 278 13 for for IN 5180 278 14 bona bona FW 5180 278 15 fide fide JJ 5180 278 16 research research NN 5180 278 17 or or CC 5180 278 18 other other JJ 5180 278 19 lawful lawful JJ 5180 278 20 purposes purpose NNS 5180 278 21 only only RB 5180 278 22 during during IN 5180 278 23 adult adult NN 5180 278 24 use use NN 5180 278 25 , , , 5180 278 26 the the DT 5180 278 27 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 278 28 provision provision NN 5180 278 29 permits permit VBZ 5180 278 30 disabling disable VBG 5180 278 31 for for IN 5180 278 32 both both DT 5180 278 33 adults adult NNS 5180 278 34 and and CC 5180 278 35 minors minor NNS 5180 278 36 . . . 5180 279 1 2 2 LS 5180 279 2 . . . 5180 280 1 Identity identity NN 5180 280 2 of of IN 5180 280 3 the the DT 5180 280 4 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 280 5 1 1 CD 5180 280 6 . . . 5180 281 1 Library Library NNP 5180 281 2 and and CC 5180 281 3 Library Library NNP 5180 281 4 Association Association NNP 5180 281 5 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 281 6 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNP 5180 281 7 American American NNP 5180 281 8 Library Library NNP 5180 281 9 Association Association NNP 5180 281 10 , , , 5180 281 11 Alaska Alaska NNP 5180 281 12 Library Library NNP 5180 281 13 Association Association NNP 5180 281 14 , , , 5180 281 15 California California NNP 5180 281 16 Library Library NNP 5180 281 17 Association Association NNP 5180 281 18 , , , 5180 281 19 Connecticut Connecticut NNP 5180 281 20 Library Library NNP 5180 281 21 Association Association NNP 5180 281 22 , , , 5180 281 23 Freedom Freedom NNP 5180 281 24 to to TO 5180 281 25 Read read VB 5180 281 26 Foundation Foundation NNP 5180 281 27 , , , 5180 281 28 Maine Maine NNP 5180 281 29 Library Library NNP 5180 281 30 Association Association NNP 5180 281 31 , , , 5180 281 32 New New NNP 5180 281 33 England England NNP 5180 281 34 Library Library NNP 5180 281 35 Association Association NNP 5180 281 36 , , , 5180 281 37 New New NNP 5180 281 38 York York NNP 5180 281 39 Library Library NNP 5180 281 40 Association Association NNP 5180 281 41 , , , 5180 281 42 and and CC 5180 281 43 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 5180 281 44 Library Library NNP 5180 281 45 Association Association NNP 5180 281 46 are be VBP 5180 281 47 non non JJ 5180 281 48 - - JJ 5180 281 49 profit profit JJ 5180 281 50 organizations organization NNS 5180 281 51 whose whose WP$ 5180 281 52 members member NNS 5180 281 53 include include VBP 5180 281 54 public public JJ 5180 281 55 libraries library NNS 5180 281 56 that that WDT 5180 281 57 receive receive VBP 5180 281 58 either either DT 5180 281 59 E e NN 5180 281 60 - - NN 5180 281 61 rate rate NN 5180 281 62 discounts discount NNS 5180 281 63 or or CC 5180 281 64 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 281 65 funds fund NNS 5180 281 66 for for IN 5180 281 67 the the DT 5180 281 68 provision provision NN 5180 281 69 of of IN 5180 281 70 Internet internet NN 5180 281 71 access access NN 5180 281 72 . . . 5180 282 1 Because because IN 5180 282 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 282 3 is be VBZ 5180 282 4 a a DT 5180 282 5 prerequisite prerequisite NN 5180 282 6 to to IN 5180 282 7 associational associational JJ 5180 282 8 standing standing NN 5180 282 9 , , , 5180 282 10 we -PRON- PRP 5180 282 11 note note VBP 5180 282 12 that that IN 5180 282 13 the the DT 5180 282 14 interests interest NNS 5180 282 15 that that WDT 5180 282 16 these these DT 5180 282 17 organizations organization NNS 5180 282 18 seek seek VBP 5180 282 19 to to TO 5180 282 20 protect protect VB 5180 282 21 in in IN 5180 282 22 this this DT 5180 282 23 litigation litigation NN 5180 282 24 are be VBP 5180 282 25 central central JJ 5180 282 26 to to IN 5180 282 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 282 28 raison raison NNP 5180 282 29 d'être d'être NNP 5180 282 30 . . . 5180 283 1 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 283 2 Fort Fort NNP 5180 283 3 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 283 4 Regional Regional NNP 5180 283 5 Library Library NNP 5180 283 6 District District NNP 5180 283 7 , , , 5180 283 8 in in IN 5180 283 9 southwest southwest JJ 5180 283 10 Washington Washington NNP 5180 283 11 state state NN 5180 283 12 ; ; : 5180 283 13 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 283 14 County County NNP 5180 283 15 Public Public NNP 5180 283 16 Library Library NNP 5180 283 17 , , , 5180 283 18 in in IN 5180 283 19 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 283 20 County County NNP 5180 283 21 , , , 5180 283 22 Oregon Oregon NNP 5180 283 23 ; ; : 5180 283 24 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 5180 283 25 Public Public NNP 5180 283 26 Library Library NNP 5180 283 27 System System NNP 5180 283 28 , , , 5180 283 29 in in IN 5180 283 30 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 5180 283 31 , , , 5180 283 32 Virginia Virginia NNP 5180 283 33 ; ; : 5180 283 34 Santa Santa NNP 5180 283 35 Cruz Cruz NNP 5180 283 36 Public Public NNP 5180 283 37 Library Library NNP 5180 283 38 Joint Joint NNP 5180 283 39 Powers Powers NNPS 5180 283 40 Authority Authority NNP 5180 283 41 , , , 5180 283 42 in in IN 5180 283 43 Santa Santa NNP 5180 283 44 Cruz Cruz NNP 5180 283 45 , , , 5180 283 46 California California NNP 5180 283 47 ; ; : 5180 283 48 South South NNP 5180 283 49 Central Central NNP 5180 283 50 Library Library NNP 5180 283 51 System System NNP 5180 283 52 ( ( -LRB- 5180 283 53 " " `` 5180 283 54 SCLS SCLS NNP 5180 283 55 " " '' 5180 283 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 283 57 , , , 5180 283 58 centered center VBN 5180 283 59 in in IN 5180 283 60 Madison Madison NNP 5180 283 61 , , , 5180 283 62 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 5180 283 63 ; ; : 5180 283 64 and and CC 5180 283 65 the the DT 5180 283 66 Westchester Westchester NNP 5180 283 67 Library Library NNP 5180 283 68 System System NNP 5180 283 69 , , , 5180 283 70 in in IN 5180 283 71 Westchester Westchester NNP 5180 283 72 County County NNP 5180 283 73 , , , 5180 283 74 New New NNP 5180 283 75 York York NNP 5180 283 76 , , , 5180 283 77 are be VBP 5180 283 78 public public JJ 5180 283 79 library library NN 5180 283 80 systems system NNS 5180 283 81 with with IN 5180 283 82 branch branch NN 5180 283 83 offices office NNS 5180 283 84 in in IN 5180 283 85 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 283 86 respective respective JJ 5180 283 87 localities locality NNS 5180 283 88 that that WDT 5180 283 89 provide provide VBP 5180 283 90 Internet internet NN 5180 283 91 access access NN 5180 283 92 to to IN 5180 283 93 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 283 94 patrons patron NNS 5180 283 95 . . . 5180 284 1 The the DT 5180 284 2 Fort Fort NNP 5180 284 3 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 284 4 Regional Regional NNP 5180 284 5 Library Library NNP 5180 284 6 District District NNP 5180 284 7 , , , 5180 284 8 for for IN 5180 284 9 over over IN 5180 284 10 three three CD 5180 284 11 years year NNS 5180 284 12 from from IN 5180 284 13 1999 1999 CD 5180 284 14 - - SYM 5180 284 15 2001 2001 CD 5180 284 16 , , , 5180 284 17 received receive VBD 5180 284 18 $ $ $ 5180 284 19 135,000 135,000 CD 5180 284 20 in in IN 5180 284 21 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 284 22 grants grant NNS 5180 284 23 and and CC 5180 284 24 $ $ $ 5180 284 25 19,500 19,500 CD 5180 284 26 in in IN 5180 284 27 E e NN 5180 284 28 - - NN 5180 284 29 rate rate NN 5180 284 30 discounts discount NNS 5180 284 31 for for IN 5180 284 32 Internet internet NN 5180 284 33 access access NN 5180 284 34 . . . 5180 285 1 The the DT 5180 285 2 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 285 3 County County NNP 5180 285 4 Public Public NNP 5180 285 5 Library Library NNP 5180 285 6 received receive VBD 5180 285 7 $ $ $ 5180 285 8 70,000 70,000 CD 5180 285 9 in in IN 5180 285 10 E e NN 5180 285 11 - - NN 5180 285 12 rate rate NN 5180 285 13 discounts discount NNS 5180 285 14 for for IN 5180 285 15 Internet internet NN 5180 285 16 access access NN 5180 285 17 this this DT 5180 285 18 year year NN 5180 285 19 , , , 5180 285 20 and and CC 5180 285 21 has have VBZ 5180 285 22 applied apply VBN 5180 285 23 for for IN 5180 285 24 $ $ $ 5180 285 25 100,000 100,000 CD 5180 285 26 in in IN 5180 285 27 E e NN 5180 285 28 - - NN 5180 285 29 rate rate NN 5180 285 30 discounts discount NNS 5180 285 31 for for IN 5180 285 32 the the DT 5180 285 33 upcoming upcoming JJ 5180 285 34 year year NN 5180 285 35 . . . 5180 286 1 The the DT 5180 286 2 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 5180 286 3 Public Public NNP 5180 286 4 Library Library NNP 5180 286 5 System System NNP 5180 286 6 received receive VBD 5180 286 7 $ $ $ 5180 286 8 90,000 90,000 CD 5180 286 9 in in IN 5180 286 10 E e NN 5180 286 11 - - NN 5180 286 12 rate rate NN 5180 286 13 discounts discount NNS 5180 286 14 for for IN 5180 286 15 Internet internet NN 5180 286 16 access access NN 5180 286 17 this this DT 5180 286 18 year year NN 5180 286 19 , , , 5180 286 20 and and CC 5180 286 21 has have VBZ 5180 286 22 received receive VBN 5180 286 23 a a DT 5180 286 24 $ $ $ 5180 286 25 200,000 200,000 CD 5180 286 26 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 286 27 grant grant NN 5180 286 28 to to TO 5180 286 29 put put VB 5180 286 30 computer computer NN 5180 286 31 labs lab NNS 5180 286 32 in in IN 5180 286 33 eight eight CD 5180 286 34 of of IN 5180 286 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 286 36 libraries library NNS 5180 286 37 . . . 5180 287 1 The the DT 5180 287 2 Santa Santa NNP 5180 287 3 Cruz Cruz NNP 5180 287 4 Public Public NNP 5180 287 5 Library Library NNP 5180 287 6 Joint Joint NNP 5180 287 7 Powers Powers NNPS 5180 287 8 Authority Authority NNP 5180 287 9 received receive VBD 5180 287 10 $ $ $ 5180 287 11 20,560 20,560 CD 5180 287 12 in in IN 5180 287 13 E e NN 5180 287 14 - - NN 5180 287 15 rate rate NN 5180 287 16 discounts discount NNS 5180 287 17 for for IN 5180 287 18 Internet internet NN 5180 287 19 access access NN 5180 287 20 in in IN 5180 287 21 2001 2001 CD 5180 287 22 - - SYM 5180 287 23 02 02 CD 5180 287 24 . . . 5180 288 1 The the DT 5180 288 2 SCLS SCLS NNP 5180 288 3 received receive VBD 5180 288 4 between between IN 5180 288 5 $ $ $ 5180 288 6 3,000 3,000 CD 5180 288 7 and and CC 5180 288 8 $ $ $ 5180 288 9 5,000 5,000 CD 5180 288 10 this this DT 5180 288 11 year year NN 5180 288 12 in in IN 5180 288 13 E e NN 5180 288 14 - - NN 5180 288 15 rate rate NN 5180 288 16 discounts discount NNS 5180 288 17 for for IN 5180 288 18 Internet internet NN 5180 288 19 access access NN 5180 288 20 . . . 5180 289 1 The the DT 5180 289 2 Fort Fort NNP 5180 289 3 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 289 4 Regional Regional NNP 5180 289 5 Library Library NNP 5180 289 6 District District NNP 5180 289 7 Board Board NNP 5180 289 8 is be VBZ 5180 289 9 a a DT 5180 289 10 public public JJ 5180 289 11 board board NN 5180 289 12 whose whose WP$ 5180 289 13 members member NNS 5180 289 14 are be VBP 5180 289 15 appointed appoint VBN 5180 289 16 by by IN 5180 289 17 elected elect VBN 5180 289 18 county county NN 5180 289 19 commissioners commissioner NNS 5180 289 20 . . . 5180 290 1 The the DT 5180 290 2 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 290 3 County County NNP 5180 290 4 Library Library NNP 5180 290 5 is be VBZ 5180 290 6 a a DT 5180 290 7 county county NN 5180 290 8 department department NN 5180 290 9 , , , 5180 290 10 whose whose WP$ 5180 290 11 board board NN 5180 290 12 is be VBZ 5180 290 13 appointed appoint VBN 5180 290 14 by by IN 5180 290 15 the the DT 5180 290 16 county county NN 5180 290 17 chair chair NN 5180 290 18 and and CC 5180 290 19 confirmed confirm VBD 5180 290 20 by by IN 5180 290 21 the the DT 5180 290 22 other other JJ 5180 290 23 commissioners commissioner NNS 5180 290 24 . . . 5180 291 1 The the DT 5180 291 2 SCLS SCLS NNP 5180 291 3 is be VBZ 5180 291 4 an an DT 5180 291 5 aggregation aggregation NN 5180 291 6 of of IN 5180 291 7 51 51 CD 5180 291 8 independently independently RB 5180 291 9 governed govern VBN 5180 291 10 statutory statutory JJ 5180 291 11 member member NN 5180 291 12 public public JJ 5180 291 13 libraries library NNS 5180 291 14 , , , 5180 291 15 whose whose WP$ 5180 291 16 relationship relationship NN 5180 291 17 to to IN 5180 291 18 SCLS SCLS NNP 5180 291 19 is be VBZ 5180 291 20 defined define VBN 5180 291 21 by by IN 5180 291 22 state state NN 5180 291 23 law law NN 5180 291 24 . . . 5180 292 1 The the DT 5180 292 2 governing govern VBG 5180 292 3 body body NN 5180 292 4 of of IN 5180 292 5 the the DT 5180 292 6 SCLS SCLS NNP 5180 292 7 is be VBZ 5180 292 8 the the DT 5180 292 9 Library Library NNP 5180 292 10 Board Board NNP 5180 292 11 of of IN 5180 292 12 Trustees Trustees NNPS 5180 292 13 , , , 5180 292 14 which which WDT 5180 292 15 consists consist VBZ 5180 292 16 of of IN 5180 292 17 20 20 CD 5180 292 18 members member NNS 5180 292 19 nominated nominate VBN 5180 292 20 by by IN 5180 292 21 county county NN 5180 292 22 executives executive NNS 5180 292 23 and and CC 5180 292 24 ratified ratify VBN 5180 292 25 by by IN 5180 292 26 county county NN 5180 292 27 boards board NNS 5180 292 28 of of IN 5180 292 29 supervisors supervisor NNS 5180 292 30 . . . 5180 293 1 2 2 LS 5180 293 2 . . . 5180 294 1 Patron Patron NNP 5180 294 2 and and CC 5180 294 3 Patron Patron NNP 5180 294 4 Association Association NNP 5180 294 5 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 294 6 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 294 7 Association Association NNP 5180 294 8 of of IN 5180 294 9 Community Community NNP 5180 294 10 Organizations Organizations NNP 5180 294 11 for for IN 5180 294 12 Reform Reform NNP 5180 294 13 Now now RB 5180 294 14 , , , 5180 294 15 Friends Friends NNPS 5180 294 16 of of IN 5180 294 17 the the DT 5180 294 18 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 5180 294 19 City City NNP 5180 294 20 Institute Institute NNP 5180 294 21 Library Library NNP 5180 294 22 , , , 5180 294 23 and and CC 5180 294 24 the the DT 5180 294 25 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 5180 294 26 Alliance Alliance NNP 5180 294 27 for for IN 5180 294 28 Democracy Democracy NNP 5180 294 29 are be VBP 5180 294 30 nonprofit nonprofit JJ 5180 294 31 organizations organization NNS 5180 294 32 whose whose WP$ 5180 294 33 members member NNS 5180 294 34 include include VBP 5180 294 35 individuals individual NNS 5180 294 36 who who WP 5180 294 37 access access VBP 5180 294 38 the the DT 5180 294 39 Internet internet NN 5180 294 40 at at IN 5180 294 41 public public JJ 5180 294 42 libraries library NNS 5180 294 43 that that WDT 5180 294 44 receive receive VBP 5180 294 45 E e NN 5180 294 46 - - NN 5180 294 47 rate rate NN 5180 294 48 discounts discount NNS 5180 294 49 or or CC 5180 294 50 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 294 51 funds fund NNS 5180 294 52 for for IN 5180 294 53 the the DT 5180 294 54 provision provision NN 5180 294 55 of of IN 5180 294 56 public public JJ 5180 294 57 Internet internet NN 5180 294 58 access access NN 5180 294 59 . . . 5180 295 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 295 2 note note VBP 5180 295 3 for for IN 5180 295 4 the the DT 5180 295 5 purpose purpose NN 5180 295 6 of of IN 5180 295 7 associational associational JJ 5180 295 8 standing standing NN 5180 295 9 that that IN 5180 295 10 the the DT 5180 295 11 interests interest NNS 5180 295 12 that that WDT 5180 295 13 these these DT 5180 295 14 organizations organization NNS 5180 295 15 seek seek VBP 5180 295 16 to to TO 5180 295 17 protect protect VB 5180 295 18 in in IN 5180 295 19 this this DT 5180 295 20 litigation litigation NN 5180 295 21 are be VBP 5180 295 22 germane germane NN 5180 295 23 to to IN 5180 295 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 295 25 purposes purpose NNS 5180 295 26 . . . 5180 296 1 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNP 5180 296 2 Emmalyn Emmalyn NNP 5180 296 3 Rood Rood NNP 5180 296 4 , , , 5180 296 5 Mark Mark NNP 5180 296 6 Brown Brown NNP 5180 296 7 , , , 5180 296 8 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 5180 296 9 Hrenda Hrenda NNP 5180 296 10 , , , 5180 296 11 C. C. NNP 5180 296 12 Donald Donald NNP 5180 296 13 Weinberg Weinberg NNP 5180 296 14 , , , 5180 296 15 Sherron Sherron NNP 5180 296 16 Dixon Dixon NNP 5180 296 17 , , , 5180 296 18 by by IN 5180 296 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 296 20 father father NN 5180 296 21 and and CC 5180 296 22 next next JJ 5180 296 23 friend friend NN 5180 296 24 Gordon Gordon NNP 5180 296 25 Dixon Dixon NNP 5180 296 26 , , , 5180 296 27 James James NNP 5180 296 28 Geringer Geringer NNP 5180 296 29 , , , 5180 296 30 Marnique Marnique NNP 5180 296 31 Tynesha Tynesha NNP 5180 296 32 Overby Overby NNP 5180 296 33 , , , 5180 296 34 by by IN 5180 296 35 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 296 36 next next JJ 5180 296 37 friend friend NN 5180 296 38 Carolyn Carolyn NNP 5180 296 39 C. C. NNP 5180 296 40 Williams Williams NNP 5180 296 41 , , , 5180 296 42 William William NNP 5180 296 43 J. J. NNP 5180 296 44 Rosenbaum Rosenbaum NNP 5180 296 45 , , , 5180 296 46 Carolyn Carolyn NNP 5180 296 47 C. C. NNP 5180 296 48 Williams Williams NNP 5180 296 49 , , , 5180 296 50 and and CC 5180 296 51 Quiana Quiana NNP 5180 296 52 Williams Williams NNP 5180 296 53 , , , 5180 296 54 by by IN 5180 296 55 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 296 56 mother mother NN 5180 296 57 and and CC 5180 296 58 next next JJ 5180 296 59 friend friend NN 5180 296 60 Sharon Sharon NNP 5180 296 61 Bernard Bernard NNP 5180 296 62 , , , 5180 296 63 are be VBP 5180 296 64 adults adult NNS 5180 296 65 and and CC 5180 296 66 minors minor NNS 5180 296 67 who who WP 5180 296 68 use use VBP 5180 296 69 the the DT 5180 296 70 Internet internet NN 5180 296 71 at at IN 5180 296 72 public public JJ 5180 296 73 libraries library NNS 5180 296 74 that that WDT 5180 296 75 , , , 5180 296 76 to to IN 5180 296 77 the the DT 5180 296 78 best good JJS 5180 296 79 of of IN 5180 296 80 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 296 81 knowledge knowledge NN 5180 296 82 , , , 5180 296 83 do do VB 5180 296 84 not not RB 5180 296 85 filter filter VB 5180 296 86 patrons patron NNS 5180 296 87 ' ' POS 5180 296 88 access access NN 5180 296 89 to to IN 5180 296 90 the the DT 5180 296 91 Internet internet NN 5180 296 92 . . . 5180 297 1 Several several JJ 5180 297 2 of of IN 5180 297 3 these these DT 5180 297 4 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 297 5 do do VBP 5180 297 6 not not RB 5180 297 7 have have VB 5180 297 8 Internet internet NN 5180 297 9 access access NN 5180 297 10 from from IN 5180 297 11 home home NN 5180 297 12 . . . 5180 298 1 Emmalyn Emmalyn NNP 5180 298 2 Rood Rood NNP 5180 298 3 is be VBZ 5180 298 4 a a DT 5180 298 5 sixteen sixteen CD 5180 298 6 - - HYPH 5180 298 7 year year NN 5180 298 8 - - HYPH 5180 298 9 old old JJ 5180 298 10 who who WP 5180 298 11 uses use VBZ 5180 298 12 the the DT 5180 298 13 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 298 14 County County NNP 5180 298 15 Public Public NNP 5180 298 16 Library Library NNP 5180 298 17 . . . 5180 299 1 When when WRB 5180 299 2 she -PRON- PRP 5180 299 3 was be VBD 5180 299 4 13 13 CD 5180 299 5 , , , 5180 299 6 she -PRON- PRP 5180 299 7 used use VBD 5180 299 8 the the DT 5180 299 9 Internet internet NN 5180 299 10 at at IN 5180 299 11 the the DT 5180 299 12 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 299 13 County County NNP 5180 299 14 Public Public NNP 5180 299 15 Library Library NNP 5180 299 16 to to TO 5180 299 17 research research VB 5180 299 18 issues issue NNS 5180 299 19 relating relate VBG 5180 299 20 to to IN 5180 299 21 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 299 22 sexual sexual JJ 5180 299 23 identity identity NN 5180 299 24 . . . 5180 300 1 Ms. Ms. NNP 5180 300 2 Rood Rood NNP 5180 300 3 did do VBD 5180 300 4 not not RB 5180 300 5 use use VB 5180 300 6 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 300 7 home home NN 5180 300 8 or or CC 5180 300 9 school school NN 5180 300 10 computer computer NN 5180 300 11 for for IN 5180 300 12 this this DT 5180 300 13 research research NN 5180 300 14 , , , 5180 300 15 in in IN 5180 300 16 part part NN 5180 300 17 because because IN 5180 300 18 she -PRON- PRP 5180 300 19 wished wish VBD 5180 300 20 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 300 21 searching search VBG 5180 300 22 to to TO 5180 300 23 be be VB 5180 300 24 private private JJ 5180 300 25 . . . 5180 301 1 Although although IN 5180 301 2 the the DT 5180 301 3 library library NN 5180 301 4 offered offer VBD 5180 301 5 patrons patron NNS 5180 301 6 the the DT 5180 301 7 option option NN 5180 301 8 of of IN 5180 301 9 using use VBG 5180 301 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 301 11 software software NN 5180 301 12 , , , 5180 301 13 Ms. Ms. NNP 5180 301 14 Rood Rood NNP 5180 301 15 did do VBD 5180 301 16 not not RB 5180 301 17 use use VB 5180 301 18 that that DT 5180 301 19 option option NN 5180 301 20 because because IN 5180 301 21 she -PRON- PRP 5180 301 22 had have VBD 5180 301 23 had have VBN 5180 301 24 previous previous JJ 5180 301 25 experience experience NN 5180 301 26 with with IN 5180 301 27 such such JJ 5180 301 28 programs program NNS 5180 301 29 blocking block VBG 5180 301 30 information information NN 5180 301 31 that that WDT 5180 301 32 was be VBD 5180 301 33 valuable valuable JJ 5180 301 34 to to IN 5180 301 35 her -PRON- PRP 5180 301 36 , , , 5180 301 37 including include VBG 5180 301 38 information information NN 5180 301 39 relating relate VBG 5180 301 40 to to IN 5180 301 41 gay gay JJ 5180 301 42 and and CC 5180 301 43 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 301 44 issues issue NNS 5180 301 45 . . . 5180 302 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 302 2 Mark Mark NNP 5180 302 3 Brown Brown NNP 5180 302 4 used use VBD 5180 302 5 the the DT 5180 302 6 Internet internet NN 5180 302 7 at at IN 5180 302 8 the the DT 5180 302 9 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 5180 302 10 Free Free NNP 5180 302 11 Library Library NNP 5180 302 12 to to TO 5180 302 13 research research VB 5180 302 14 breast breast NN 5180 302 15 cancer cancer NN 5180 302 16 and and CC 5180 302 17 reconstructive reconstructive JJ 5180 302 18 surgery surgery NN 5180 302 19 for for IN 5180 302 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 302 21 mother mother NN 5180 302 22 who who WP 5180 302 23 had have VBD 5180 302 24 breast breast NN 5180 302 25 surgery surgery NN 5180 302 26 . . . 5180 303 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 5180 303 2 Brown Brown NNP 5180 303 3 's 's POS 5180 303 4 research research NN 5180 303 5 at at IN 5180 303 6 the the DT 5180 303 7 library library NN 5180 303 8 provided provide VBD 5180 303 9 him -PRON- PRP 5180 303 10 and and CC 5180 303 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 303 12 mother mother NN 5180 303 13 with with IN 5180 303 14 essential essential JJ 5180 303 15 information information NN 5180 303 16 about about IN 5180 303 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 303 18 mother mother NN 5180 303 19 's 's POS 5180 303 20 medical medical JJ 5180 303 21 condition condition NN 5180 303 22 and and CC 5180 303 23 potential potential JJ 5180 303 24 treatments treatment NNS 5180 303 25 . . . 5180 304 1 3 3 LS 5180 304 2 . . . 5180 305 1 Web web NN 5180 305 2 Publisher publisher NN 5180 305 3 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 305 4 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 305 5 Afraid Afraid NNP 5180 305 6 to to TO 5180 305 7 Ask Ask NNP 5180 305 8 , , , 5180 305 9 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 305 10 , , , 5180 305 11 based base VBN 5180 305 12 in in IN 5180 305 13 Saunderstown Saunderstown NNP 5180 305 14 , , , 5180 305 15 Rhode Rhode NNP 5180 305 16 Island Island NNP 5180 305 17 , , , 5180 305 18 publishes publish VBZ 5180 305 19 a a DT 5180 305 20 health health NN 5180 305 21 education education NN 5180 305 22 Web web NN 5180 305 23 site site NN 5180 305 24 , , , 5180 305 25 www.AfraidtoAsk.com www.AfraidtoAsk.com NNP 5180 305 26 . . . 5180 306 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 306 2 Jonathan Jonathan NNP 5180 306 3 Bertman Bertman NNP 5180 306 4 , , , 5180 306 5 the the DT 5180 306 6 president president NN 5180 306 7 and and CC 5180 306 8 medical medical JJ 5180 306 9 director director NN 5180 306 10 of of IN 5180 306 11 Afraid Afraid NNP 5180 306 12 to to TO 5180 306 13 Ask ask VB 5180 306 14 , , , 5180 306 15 is be VBZ 5180 306 16 a a DT 5180 306 17 family family NN 5180 306 18 practice practice NN 5180 306 19 physician physician NN 5180 306 20 in in IN 5180 306 21 rural rural JJ 5180 306 22 Rhode Rhode NNP 5180 306 23 Island Island NNP 5180 306 24 and and CC 5180 306 25 a a DT 5180 306 26 clinical clinical JJ 5180 306 27 assistant assistant NN 5180 306 28 professor professor NN 5180 306 29 of of IN 5180 306 30 family family NN 5180 306 31 medicine medicine NN 5180 306 32 at at IN 5180 306 33 Brown Brown NNP 5180 306 34 University University NNP 5180 306 35 . . . 5180 307 1 AfraidtoAsk.com AfraidtoAsk.com NNP 5180 307 2 's 's POS 5180 307 3 mission mission NN 5180 307 4 is be VBZ 5180 307 5 to to TO 5180 307 6 provide provide VB 5180 307 7 detailed detailed JJ 5180 307 8 information information NN 5180 307 9 on on IN 5180 307 10 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 307 11 health health NN 5180 307 12 issues issue NNS 5180 307 13 , , , 5180 307 14 often often RB 5180 307 15 of of IN 5180 307 16 a a DT 5180 307 17 sexual sexual JJ 5180 307 18 nature nature NN 5180 307 19 , , , 5180 307 20 such such JJ 5180 307 21 as as IN 5180 307 22 sexually sexually RB 5180 307 23 transmitted transmit VBN 5180 307 24 diseases disease NNS 5180 307 25 , , , 5180 307 26 male male JJ 5180 307 27 and and CC 5180 307 28 female female JJ 5180 307 29 genitalia genitalia NNS 5180 307 30 , , , 5180 307 31 and and CC 5180 307 32 birth birth NN 5180 307 33 control control NN 5180 307 34 , , , 5180 307 35 sought seek VBN 5180 307 36 by by IN 5180 307 37 people people NNS 5180 307 38 of of IN 5180 307 39 all all DT 5180 307 40 ages age NNS 5180 307 41 who who WP 5180 307 42 would would MD 5180 307 43 prefer prefer VB 5180 307 44 to to TO 5180 307 45 learn learn VB 5180 307 46 about about IN 5180 307 47 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 307 48 health health NN 5180 307 49 issues issue NNS 5180 307 50 anonymously anonymously RB 5180 307 51 , , , 5180 307 52 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 307 53 , , , 5180 307 54 they -PRON- PRP 5180 307 55 are be VBP 5180 307 56 " " `` 5180 307 57 afraid afraid JJ 5180 307 58 to to TO 5180 307 59 ask ask VB 5180 307 60 . . . 5180 307 61 " " '' 5180 308 1 As as IN 5180 308 2 part part NN 5180 308 3 of of IN 5180 308 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 308 5 educational educational JJ 5180 308 6 mission mission NN 5180 308 7 , , , 5180 308 8 AfraidtoAsk.com AfraidtoAsk.com NNP 5180 308 9 often often RB 5180 308 10 uses use VBZ 5180 308 11 graphic graphic JJ 5180 308 12 images image NNS 5180 308 13 of of IN 5180 308 14 sexual sexual JJ 5180 308 15 anatomy anatomy NN 5180 308 16 to to TO 5180 308 17 convey convey VB 5180 308 18 information information NN 5180 308 19 . . . 5180 309 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 309 2 primary primary JJ 5180 309 3 audience audience NN 5180 309 4 is be VBZ 5180 309 5 teens teen NNS 5180 309 6 and and CC 5180 309 7 young young JJ 5180 309 8 adults adult NNS 5180 309 9 . . . 5180 310 1 Based base VBN 5180 310 2 on on IN 5180 310 3 survey survey NN 5180 310 4 data datum NNS 5180 310 5 collected collect VBN 5180 310 6 on on IN 5180 310 7 the the DT 5180 310 8 site site NN 5180 310 9 , , , 5180 310 10 half half NN 5180 310 11 of of IN 5180 310 12 the the DT 5180 310 13 people people NNS 5180 310 14 visiting visit VBG 5180 310 15 the the DT 5180 310 16 site site NN 5180 310 17 are be VBP 5180 310 18 under under IN 5180 310 19 24 24 CD 5180 310 20 years year NNS 5180 310 21 old old JJ 5180 310 22 and and CC 5180 310 23 a a DT 5180 310 24 quarter quarter NN 5180 310 25 are be VBP 5180 310 26 under under IN 5180 310 27 18 18 CD 5180 310 28 . . . 5180 311 1 AfraidtoAsk.com AfraidtoAsk.com NNP 5180 311 2 is be VBZ 5180 311 3 blocked block VBN 5180 311 4 by by IN 5180 311 5 several several JJ 5180 311 6 leading lead VBG 5180 311 7 blocking blocking NN 5180 311 8 products product NNS 5180 311 9 as as IN 5180 311 10 containing contain VBG 5180 311 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 311 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 311 13 content content NN 5180 311 14 . . . 5180 312 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 312 2 Alan Alan NNP 5180 312 3 Guttmacher Guttmacher NNP 5180 312 4 Institute Institute NNP 5180 312 5 has have VBZ 5180 312 6 a a DT 5180 312 7 Web web NN 5180 312 8 site site NN 5180 312 9 that that WDT 5180 312 10 contains contain VBZ 5180 312 11 information information NN 5180 312 12 about about IN 5180 312 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 312 14 activities activity NNS 5180 312 15 and and CC 5180 312 16 objectives objective NNS 5180 312 17 , , , 5180 312 18 including include VBG 5180 312 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 312 20 mission mission NN 5180 312 21 to to TO 5180 312 22 protect protect VB 5180 312 23 the the DT 5180 312 24 reproductive reproductive JJ 5180 312 25 choices choice NNS 5180 312 26 of of IN 5180 312 27 women woman NNS 5180 312 28 and and CC 5180 312 29 men man NNS 5180 312 30 . . . 5180 313 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 313 2 Planned Planned NNP 5180 313 3 Parenthood Parenthood NNP 5180 313 4 Federation Federation NNP 5180 313 5 of of IN 5180 313 6 America America NNP 5180 313 7 , , , 5180 313 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 313 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 313 10 " " `` 5180 313 11 Planned Planned NNP 5180 313 12 Parenthood Parenthood NNP 5180 313 13 " " '' 5180 313 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 313 15 is be VBZ 5180 313 16 a a DT 5180 313 17 national national JJ 5180 313 18 voluntary voluntary JJ 5180 313 19 organization organization NN 5180 313 20 in in IN 5180 313 21 the the DT 5180 313 22 field field NN 5180 313 23 of of IN 5180 313 24 reproductive reproductive JJ 5180 313 25 health health NN 5180 313 26 care care NN 5180 313 27 . . . 5180 314 1 Planned Planned NNP 5180 314 2 Parenthood Parenthood NNP 5180 314 3 owns own VBZ 5180 314 4 and and CC 5180 314 5 operates operate VBZ 5180 314 6 several several JJ 5180 314 7 Web web NN 5180 314 8 sites site NNS 5180 314 9 that that WDT 5180 314 10 provide provide VBP 5180 314 11 a a DT 5180 314 12 range range NN 5180 314 13 of of IN 5180 314 14 information information NN 5180 314 15 about about IN 5180 314 16 reproductive reproductive JJ 5180 314 17 health health NNP 5180 314 18 , , , 5180 314 19 from from IN 5180 314 20 contraception contraception NN 5180 314 21 to to IN 5180 314 22 prevention prevention NN 5180 314 23 of of IN 5180 314 24 sexually sexually RB 5180 314 25 transmitted transmit VBN 5180 314 26 diseases disease NNS 5180 314 27 , , , 5180 314 28 to to IN 5180 314 29 finding find VBG 5180 314 30 an an DT 5180 314 31 abortion abortion NN 5180 314 32 provider provider NN 5180 314 33 , , , 5180 314 34 and and CC 5180 314 35 to to IN 5180 314 36 information information NN 5180 314 37 about about IN 5180 314 38 the the DT 5180 314 39 drug drug NN 5180 314 40 Mifepristone Mifepristone NNP 5180 314 41 . . . 5180 315 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 315 2 Safersex.org Safersex.org NNP 5180 315 3 is be VBZ 5180 315 4 a a DT 5180 315 5 Web web NN 5180 315 6 site site NN 5180 315 7 that that WDT 5180 315 8 offers offer VBZ 5180 315 9 free free JJ 5180 315 10 educational educational JJ 5180 315 11 information information NN 5180 315 12 on on IN 5180 315 13 how how WRB 5180 315 14 to to TO 5180 315 15 practice practice VB 5180 315 16 safer safe JJR 5180 315 17 sex sex NN 5180 315 18 . . . 5180 316 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 316 2 Ethan Ethan NNP 5180 316 3 Interactive Interactive NNP 5180 316 4 , , , 5180 316 5 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 316 6 , , , 5180 316 7 d d NNP 5180 316 8 / / SYM 5180 316 9 b b NNP 5180 316 10 / / SYM 5180 316 11 a a NN 5180 316 12 Out Out NNP 5180 316 13 In in IN 5180 316 14 America America NNP 5180 316 15 , , , 5180 316 16 is be VBZ 5180 316 17 an an DT 5180 316 18 online online JJ 5180 316 19 content content NN 5180 316 20 provider provider NN 5180 316 21 that that WDT 5180 316 22 owns own VBZ 5180 316 23 and and CC 5180 316 24 operates operate VBZ 5180 316 25 64 64 CD 5180 316 26 free free JJ 5180 316 27 Web web NN 5180 316 28 sites site NNS 5180 316 29 for for IN 5180 316 30 gay gay JJ 5180 316 31 , , , 5180 316 32 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 316 33 , , , 5180 316 34 bisexual bisexual JJ 5180 316 35 and and CC 5180 316 36 transgendered transgendered JJ 5180 316 37 persons person NNS 5180 316 38 worldwide worldwide RB 5180 316 39 . . . 5180 317 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 317 2 PlanetOut PlanetOut NNP 5180 317 3 Corporation Corporation NNP 5180 317 4 is be VBZ 5180 317 5 an an DT 5180 317 6 online online JJ 5180 317 7 content content NN 5180 317 8 provider provider NN 5180 317 9 for for IN 5180 317 10 gay gay NNP 5180 317 11 , , , 5180 317 12 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 317 13 , , , 5180 317 14 bisexual bisexual JJ 5180 317 15 and and CC 5180 317 16 transgendered transgendered JJ 5180 317 17 persons person NNS 5180 317 18 . . . 5180 318 1 Plaintiff plaintiff VB 5180 318 2 the the DT 5180 318 3 Naturist Naturist NNP 5180 318 4 Action Action NNP 5180 318 5 Committee Committee NNP 5180 318 6 ( ( -LRB- 5180 318 7 " " `` 5180 318 8 NAC NAC NNP 5180 318 9 " " '' 5180 318 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 318 11 is be VBZ 5180 318 12 the the DT 5180 318 13 nonprofit nonprofit JJ 5180 318 14 political political JJ 5180 318 15 arm arm NN 5180 318 16 of of IN 5180 318 17 the the DT 5180 318 18 Naturist Naturist NNP 5180 318 19 Society Society NNP 5180 318 20 , , , 5180 318 21 a a DT 5180 318 22 private private JJ 5180 318 23 organization organization NN 5180 318 24 that that WDT 5180 318 25 promotes promote VBZ 5180 318 26 a a DT 5180 318 27 way way NN 5180 318 28 of of IN 5180 318 29 life life NN 5180 318 30 characterized characterize VBN 5180 318 31 by by IN 5180 318 32 the the DT 5180 318 33 practice practice NN 5180 318 34 of of IN 5180 318 35 nudity nudity NN 5180 318 36 . . . 5180 319 1 The the DT 5180 319 2 NAC NAC NNP 5180 319 3 Web web NN 5180 319 4 site site NN 5180 319 5 provides provide VBZ 5180 319 6 information information NN 5180 319 7 about about IN 5180 319 8 Naturist Naturist NNP 5180 319 9 Society Society NNP 5180 319 10 activities activity NNS 5180 319 11 and and CC 5180 319 12 about about IN 5180 319 13 state state NN 5180 319 14 and and CC 5180 319 15 local local JJ 5180 319 16 laws law NNS 5180 319 17 that that WDT 5180 319 18 may may MD 5180 319 19 affect affect VB 5180 319 20 the the DT 5180 319 21 rights right NNS 5180 319 22 of of IN 5180 319 23 Naturists Naturists NNPS 5180 319 24 or or CC 5180 319 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 319 26 ability ability NN 5180 319 27 to to TO 5180 319 28 practice practice VB 5180 319 29 Naturism naturism NN 5180 319 30 , , , 5180 319 31 and and CC 5180 319 32 includes include VBZ 5180 319 33 nude nude JJ 5180 319 34 photographs photograph NNS 5180 319 35 of of IN 5180 319 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 319 37 members member NNS 5180 319 38 . . . 5180 320 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 320 2 Wayne Wayne NNP 5180 320 3 L. L. NNP 5180 320 4 Parker Parker NNP 5180 320 5 was be VBD 5180 320 6 the the DT 5180 320 7 Libertarian libertarian JJ 5180 320 8 candidate candidate NN 5180 320 9 in in IN 5180 320 10 the the DT 5180 320 11 2000 2000 CD 5180 320 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 320 13 Congressional congressional JJ 5180 320 14 election election NN 5180 320 15 for for IN 5180 320 16 the the DT 5180 320 17 Fifth Fifth NNP 5180 320 18 District District NNP 5180 320 19 of of IN 5180 320 20 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 5180 320 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 320 22 and and CC 5180 320 23 is be VBZ 5180 320 24 running run VBG 5180 320 25 again again RB 5180 320 26 in in IN 5180 320 27 2002 2002 CD 5180 320 28 ) ) -RRB- 5180 320 29 . . . 5180 321 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 321 2 publishes publish VBZ 5180 321 3 a a DT 5180 321 4 Web web NN 5180 321 5 site site NN 5180 321 6 that that WDT 5180 321 7 communicates communicate VBZ 5180 321 8 information information NN 5180 321 9 about about IN 5180 321 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 321 11 campaign campaign NN 5180 321 12 and and CC 5180 321 13 that that DT 5180 321 14 provides provide VBZ 5180 321 15 information information NN 5180 321 16 about about IN 5180 321 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 321 18 political political JJ 5180 321 19 views view NNS 5180 321 20 and and CC 5180 321 21 the the DT 5180 321 22 Libertarian Libertarian NNP 5180 321 23 Party Party NNP 5180 321 24 to to IN 5180 321 25 the the DT 5180 321 26 public public NN 5180 321 27 . . . 5180 322 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 322 2 Jeffrey Jeffrey NNP 5180 322 3 Pollock Pollock NNP 5180 322 4 was be VBD 5180 322 5 the the DT 5180 322 6 Republican republican JJ 5180 322 7 candidate candidate NN 5180 322 8 in in IN 5180 322 9 the the DT 5180 322 10 2000 2000 CD 5180 322 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 322 12 Congressional congressional JJ 5180 322 13 election election NN 5180 322 14 for for IN 5180 322 15 the the DT 5180 322 16 Third Third NNP 5180 322 17 District District NNP 5180 322 18 of of IN 5180 322 19 Oregon Oregon NNP 5180 322 20 . . . 5180 323 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 323 2 operates operate VBZ 5180 323 3 a a DT 5180 323 4 Web web NN 5180 323 5 site site NN 5180 323 6 that that WDT 5180 323 7 is be VBZ 5180 323 8 now now RB 5180 323 9 promoting promote VBG 5180 323 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 323 11 candidacy candidacy NN 5180 323 12 for for IN 5180 323 13 Congress Congress NNP 5180 323 14 in in IN 5180 323 15 2002 2002 CD 5180 323 16 . . . 5180 324 1 3 3 LS 5180 324 2 . . . 5180 325 1 The the DT 5180 325 2 Internet internet NN 5180 325 3 1 1 CD 5180 325 4 . . . 5180 326 1 Background Background NNP 5180 326 2 As as IN 5180 326 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 326 4 noted note VBD 5180 326 5 at at IN 5180 326 6 the the DT 5180 326 7 outset outset NN 5180 326 8 , , , 5180 326 9 the the DT 5180 326 10 Internet internet NN 5180 326 11 is be VBZ 5180 326 12 a a DT 5180 326 13 vast vast JJ 5180 326 14 , , , 5180 326 15 interactive interactive JJ 5180 326 16 medium medium NN 5180 326 17 consisting consist VBG 5180 326 18 of of IN 5180 326 19 a a DT 5180 326 20 decentralized decentralized JJ 5180 326 21 network network NN 5180 326 22 of of IN 5180 326 23 computers computer NNS 5180 326 24 around around IN 5180 326 25 the the DT 5180 326 26 world world NN 5180 326 27 . . . 5180 327 1 The the DT 5180 327 2 Internet internet NN 5180 327 3 presents present VBZ 5180 327 4 low low JJ 5180 327 5 entry entry NN 5180 327 6 barriers barrier NNS 5180 327 7 to to IN 5180 327 8 anyone anyone NN 5180 327 9 who who WP 5180 327 10 wishes wish VBZ 5180 327 11 to to TO 5180 327 12 provide provide VB 5180 327 13 or or CC 5180 327 14 distribute distribute VB 5180 327 15 information information NN 5180 327 16 . . . 5180 328 1 Unlike unlike IN 5180 328 2 television television NN 5180 328 3 , , , 5180 328 4 cable cable NN 5180 328 5 , , , 5180 328 6 radio radio NN 5180 328 7 , , , 5180 328 8 newspapers newspaper NNS 5180 328 9 , , , 5180 328 10 magazines magazine NNS 5180 328 11 or or CC 5180 328 12 books book NNS 5180 328 13 , , , 5180 328 14 the the DT 5180 328 15 Internet internet NN 5180 328 16 provides provide VBZ 5180 328 17 an an DT 5180 328 18 opportunity opportunity NN 5180 328 19 for for IN 5180 328 20 those those DT 5180 328 21 with with IN 5180 328 22 access access NN 5180 328 23 to to IN 5180 328 24 it -PRON- PRP 5180 328 25 to to TO 5180 328 26 communicate communicate VB 5180 328 27 with with IN 5180 328 28 a a DT 5180 328 29 worldwide worldwide JJ 5180 328 30 audience audience NN 5180 328 31 at at IN 5180 328 32 little little JJ 5180 328 33 cost cost NN 5180 328 34 . . . 5180 329 1 At at RB 5180 329 2 least least JJS 5180 329 3 400 400 CD 5180 329 4 million million CD 5180 329 5 people people NNS 5180 329 6 use use VBP 5180 329 7 the the DT 5180 329 8 Internet internet NN 5180 329 9 worldwide worldwide RB 5180 329 10 , , , 5180 329 11 and and CC 5180 329 12 approximately approximately RB 5180 329 13 143 143 CD 5180 329 14 million million CD 5180 329 15 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 329 16 were be VBD 5180 329 17 using use VBG 5180 329 18 the the DT 5180 329 19 Internet internet NN 5180 329 20 as as IN 5180 329 21 of of IN 5180 329 22 September September NNP 5180 329 23 2001 2001 CD 5180 329 24 . . . 5180 330 1 Nat'l Nat'l NNP 5180 330 2 Telecomm Telecomm NNP 5180 330 3 . . . 5180 331 1 & & CC 5180 331 2 Info Info NNP 5180 331 3 . . . 5180 332 1 Admin Admin NNP 5180 332 2 . . . 5180 332 3 , , , 5180 332 4 A a DT 5180 332 5 Nation Nation NNP 5180 332 6 Online online RB 5180 332 7 : : : 5180 332 8 How how WRB 5180 332 9 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 332 10 Are be VBP 5180 332 11 Expanding expand VBG 5180 332 12 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 332 13 Use use NN 5180 332 14 of of IN 5180 332 15 the the DT 5180 332 16 Internet Internet NNP 5180 332 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 332 18 February February NNP 5180 332 19 2002 2002 CD 5180 332 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 332 21 , , , 5180 332 22 available available JJ 5180 332 23 at at IN 5180 332 24 http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/. http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/. CD 5180 333 1 The the DT 5180 333 2 World World NNP 5180 333 3 Wide Wide NNP 5180 333 4 Web Web NNP 5180 333 5 is be VBZ 5180 333 6 a a DT 5180 333 7 part part NN 5180 333 8 of of IN 5180 333 9 the the DT 5180 333 10 Internet internet NN 5180 333 11 that that WDT 5180 333 12 consists consist VBZ 5180 333 13 of of IN 5180 333 14 a a DT 5180 333 15 network network NN 5180 333 16 of of IN 5180 333 17 computers computer NNS 5180 333 18 , , , 5180 333 19 called call VBN 5180 333 20 " " `` 5180 333 21 Web web NN 5180 333 22 servers server NNS 5180 333 23 , , , 5180 333 24 " " '' 5180 333 25 that that DT 5180 333 26 host host NN 5180 333 27 " " `` 5180 333 28 pages page NNS 5180 333 29 " " '' 5180 333 30 of of IN 5180 333 31 content content NN 5180 333 32 accessible accessible JJ 5180 333 33 via via IN 5180 333 34 the the DT 5180 333 35 Hypertext Hypertext NNP 5180 333 36 Transfer Transfer NNP 5180 333 37 Protocol Protocol NNP 5180 333 38 or or CC 5180 333 39 " " `` 5180 333 40 HTTP HTTP VBN 5180 333 41 . . . 5180 333 42 " " '' 5180 334 1 Anyone anyone NN 5180 334 2 with with IN 5180 334 3 a a DT 5180 334 4 computer computer NN 5180 334 5 connected connect VBN 5180 334 6 to to IN 5180 334 7 the the DT 5180 334 8 Internet internet NN 5180 334 9 can can MD 5180 334 10 search search VB 5180 334 11 for for IN 5180 334 12 and and CC 5180 334 13 retrieve retrieve VB 5180 334 14 information information NN 5180 334 15 stored store VBN 5180 334 16 on on IN 5180 334 17 Web web NN 5180 334 18 servers server NNS 5180 334 19 located locate VBN 5180 334 20 around around IN 5180 334 21 the the DT 5180 334 22 world world NN 5180 334 23 . . . 5180 335 1 Computer computer NN 5180 335 2 users user NNS 5180 335 3 typically typically RB 5180 335 4 access access VBP 5180 335 5 the the DT 5180 335 6 Web web NN 5180 335 7 by by IN 5180 335 8 running run VBG 5180 335 9 a a DT 5180 335 10 program program NN 5180 335 11 called call VBN 5180 335 12 a a DT 5180 335 13 " " `` 5180 335 14 browser browser NN 5180 335 15 " " '' 5180 335 16 on on IN 5180 335 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 335 18 computers computer NNS 5180 335 19 . . . 5180 336 1 The the DT 5180 336 2 browser browser NN 5180 336 3 displays display NNS 5180 336 4 , , , 5180 336 5 as as IN 5180 336 6 individual individual JJ 5180 336 7 pages page NNS 5180 336 8 on on IN 5180 336 9 the the DT 5180 336 10 computer computer NN 5180 336 11 screen screen NN 5180 336 12 , , , 5180 336 13 the the DT 5180 336 14 various various JJ 5180 336 15 types type NNS 5180 336 16 of of IN 5180 336 17 content content NN 5180 336 18 found find VBN 5180 336 19 on on IN 5180 336 20 the the DT 5180 336 21 Web web NN 5180 336 22 and and CC 5180 336 23 lets let VBZ 5180 336 24 the the DT 5180 336 25 user user NN 5180 336 26 follow follow VB 5180 336 27 the the DT 5180 336 28 connections connection NNS 5180 336 29 built build VBN 5180 336 30 into into IN 5180 336 31 Web web NN 5180 336 32 pages page NNS 5180 336 33 – – : 5180 336 34 called call VBN 5180 336 35 " " `` 5180 336 36 hypertext hypertext NN 5180 336 37 links link NNS 5180 336 38 , , , 5180 336 39 " " '' 5180 336 40 " " `` 5180 336 41 hyperlinks hyperlinks NN 5180 336 42 , , , 5180 336 43 " " '' 5180 336 44 or or CC 5180 336 45 " " `` 5180 336 46 links link NNS 5180 336 47 " " '' 5180 336 48 – – : 5180 336 49 to to IN 5180 336 50 additional additional JJ 5180 336 51 content content NN 5180 336 52 . . . 5180 337 1 Two two CD 5180 337 2 popular popular JJ 5180 337 3 browsers browser NNS 5180 337 4 are be VBP 5180 337 5 Microsoft Microsoft NNP 5180 337 6 Internet Internet NNP 5180 337 7 Explorer Explorer NNP 5180 337 8 and and CC 5180 337 9 Netscape Netscape NNP 5180 337 10 Navigator Navigator NNP 5180 337 11 . . . 5180 338 1 A a DT 5180 338 2 " " `` 5180 338 3 Web web NN 5180 338 4 page page NN 5180 338 5 " " '' 5180 338 6 is be VBZ 5180 338 7 one one CD 5180 338 8 or or CC 5180 338 9 more more JJR 5180 338 10 files file NNS 5180 338 11 a a DT 5180 338 12 browser browser NN 5180 338 13 graphically graphically NN 5180 338 14 assembles assemble NNS 5180 338 15 to to TO 5180 338 16 make make VB 5180 338 17 a a DT 5180 338 18 viewable viewable JJ 5180 338 19 whole whole NN 5180 338 20 when when WRB 5180 338 21 a a DT 5180 338 22 user user NN 5180 338 23 requests request VBZ 5180 338 24 content content NN 5180 338 25 over over IN 5180 338 26 the the DT 5180 338 27 Internet internet NN 5180 338 28 . . . 5180 339 1 A a DT 5180 339 2 Web web NN 5180 339 3 page page NN 5180 339 4 may may MD 5180 339 5 contain contain VB 5180 339 6 a a DT 5180 339 7 variety variety NN 5180 339 8 of of IN 5180 339 9 different different JJ 5180 339 10 elements element NNS 5180 339 11 , , , 5180 339 12 including include VBG 5180 339 13 text text NN 5180 339 14 , , , 5180 339 15 images image NNS 5180 339 16 , , , 5180 339 17 buttons button NNS 5180 339 18 , , , 5180 339 19 form form NN 5180 339 20 fields field NNS 5180 339 21 that that IN 5180 339 22 the the DT 5180 339 23 user user NN 5180 339 24 can can MD 5180 339 25 fill fill VB 5180 339 26 in in RP 5180 339 27 , , , 5180 339 28 and and CC 5180 339 29 links link NNS 5180 339 30 to to IN 5180 339 31 other other JJ 5180 339 32 Web web NN 5180 339 33 pages page NNS 5180 339 34 . . . 5180 340 1 A a DT 5180 340 2 " " `` 5180 340 3 Web web NN 5180 340 4 site site NN 5180 340 5 " " '' 5180 340 6 is be VBZ 5180 340 7 a a DT 5180 340 8 term term NN 5180 340 9 that that WDT 5180 340 10 can can MD 5180 340 11 be be VB 5180 340 12 used use VBN 5180 340 13 in in IN 5180 340 14 several several JJ 5180 340 15 different different JJ 5180 340 16 ways way NNS 5180 340 17 . . . 5180 341 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 341 2 may may MD 5180 341 3 refer refer VB 5180 341 4 to to IN 5180 341 5 all all DT 5180 341 6 of of IN 5180 341 7 the the DT 5180 341 8 pages page NNS 5180 341 9 and and CC 5180 341 10 resources resource NNS 5180 341 11 available available JJ 5180 341 12 on on IN 5180 341 13 a a DT 5180 341 14 particular particular JJ 5180 341 15 Web web NN 5180 341 16 server server NN 5180 341 17 . . . 5180 342 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 342 2 may may MD 5180 342 3 also also RB 5180 342 4 refer refer VB 5180 342 5 to to IN 5180 342 6 all all PDT 5180 342 7 the the DT 5180 342 8 pages page NNS 5180 342 9 and and CC 5180 342 10 resources resource NNS 5180 342 11 associated associate VBN 5180 342 12 with with IN 5180 342 13 a a DT 5180 342 14 particular particular JJ 5180 342 15 organization organization NN 5180 342 16 , , , 5180 342 17 company company NN 5180 342 18 or or CC 5180 342 19 person person NN 5180 342 20 , , , 5180 342 21 even even RB 5180 342 22 if if IN 5180 342 23 these these DT 5180 342 24 are be VBP 5180 342 25 located locate VBN 5180 342 26 on on IN 5180 342 27 different different JJ 5180 342 28 servers server NNS 5180 342 29 , , , 5180 342 30 or or CC 5180 342 31 in in IN 5180 342 32 a a DT 5180 342 33 subdirectory subdirectory NN 5180 342 34 on on IN 5180 342 35 a a DT 5180 342 36 single single JJ 5180 342 37 server server NN 5180 342 38 shared share VBN 5180 342 39 with with IN 5180 342 40 other other JJ 5180 342 41 , , , 5180 342 42 unrelated unrelated JJ 5180 342 43 sites site NNS 5180 342 44 . . . 5180 343 1 Typically typically RB 5180 343 2 , , , 5180 343 3 a a DT 5180 343 4 Web web NN 5180 343 5 site site NN 5180 343 6 has have VBZ 5180 343 7 as as IN 5180 343 8 an an DT 5180 343 9 intended intend VBN 5180 343 10 point point NN 5180 343 11 of of IN 5180 343 12 entry entry NN 5180 343 13 , , , 5180 343 14 a a DT 5180 343 15 " " `` 5180 343 16 home home NN 5180 343 17 page page NN 5180 343 18 , , , 5180 343 19 " " '' 5180 343 20 which which WDT 5180 343 21 includes include VBZ 5180 343 22 links link NNS 5180 343 23 to to IN 5180 343 24 other other JJ 5180 343 25 pages page NNS 5180 343 26 on on IN 5180 343 27 the the DT 5180 343 28 same same JJ 5180 343 29 Web web NN 5180 343 30 site site NN 5180 343 31 or or CC 5180 343 32 to to IN 5180 343 33 pages page NNS 5180 343 34 on on IN 5180 343 35 other other JJ 5180 343 36 sites site NNS 5180 343 37 . . . 5180 344 1 Online online JJ 5180 344 2 discussion discussion NN 5180 344 3 groups group NNS 5180 344 4 and and CC 5180 344 5 chat chat VB 5180 344 6 rooms room NNS 5180 344 7 relating relate VBG 5180 344 8 to to IN 5180 344 9 a a DT 5180 344 10 variety variety NN 5180 344 11 of of IN 5180 344 12 subjects subject NNS 5180 344 13 are be VBP 5180 344 14 available available JJ 5180 344 15 through through IN 5180 344 16 many many JJ 5180 344 17 Web web NN 5180 344 18 sites site NNS 5180 344 19 . . . 5180 345 1 Users user NNS 5180 345 2 may may MD 5180 345 3 find find VB 5180 345 4 content content NN 5180 345 5 on on IN 5180 345 6 the the DT 5180 345 7 Web web NN 5180 345 8 using use VBG 5180 345 9 engines engine NNS 5180 345 10 that that WDT 5180 345 11 search search VBP 5180 345 12 for for IN 5180 345 13 requested requested JJ 5180 345 14 keywords keyword NNS 5180 345 15 . . . 5180 346 1 In in IN 5180 346 2 response response NN 5180 346 3 to to IN 5180 346 4 a a DT 5180 346 5 keyword keyword NN 5180 346 6 request request NN 5180 346 7 , , , 5180 346 8 a a DT 5180 346 9 search search NN 5180 346 10 engine engine NN 5180 346 11 will will MD 5180 346 12 display display VB 5180 346 13 a a DT 5180 346 14 list list NN 5180 346 15 of of IN 5180 346 16 Web web NN 5180 346 17 sites site NNS 5180 346 18 that that WDT 5180 346 19 may may MD 5180 346 20 contain contain VB 5180 346 21 relevant relevant JJ 5180 346 22 content content NN 5180 346 23 and and CC 5180 346 24 provide provide VB 5180 346 25 links link NNS 5180 346 26 to to IN 5180 346 27 those those DT 5180 346 28 sites site NNS 5180 346 29 . . . 5180 347 1 Search search NN 5180 347 2 engines engine NNS 5180 347 3 and and CC 5180 347 4 directories directory NNS 5180 347 5 often often RB 5180 347 6 return return VBP 5180 347 7 a a DT 5180 347 8 limited limited JJ 5180 347 9 number number NN 5180 347 10 of of IN 5180 347 11 sites site NNS 5180 347 12 in in IN 5180 347 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 347 14 search search NN 5180 347 15 results result NNS 5180 347 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 347 17 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 347 18 , , , 5180 347 19 the the DT 5180 347 20 Google Google NNP 5180 347 21 search search NN 5180 347 22 engine engine NN 5180 347 23 will will MD 5180 347 24 return return VB 5180 347 25 only only RB 5180 347 26 2,000 2,000 CD 5180 347 27 sites site NNS 5180 347 28 in in IN 5180 347 29 response response NN 5180 347 30 to to IN 5180 347 31 a a DT 5180 347 32 search search NN 5180 347 33 , , , 5180 347 34 even even RB 5180 347 35 if if IN 5180 347 36 it -PRON- PRP 5180 347 37 has have VBZ 5180 347 38 found find VBN 5180 347 39 , , , 5180 347 40 for for IN 5180 347 41 example example NN 5180 347 42 , , , 5180 347 43 530,000 530,000 CD 5180 347 44 sites site NNS 5180 347 45 in in IN 5180 347 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 347 47 index index NN 5180 347 48 that that WDT 5180 347 49 meet meet VBP 5180 347 50 the the DT 5180 347 51 search search NN 5180 347 52 criteria criterion NNS 5180 347 53 ) ) -RRB- 5180 347 54 . . . 5180 348 1 A a DT 5180 348 2 user user NN 5180 348 3 may may MD 5180 348 4 also also RB 5180 348 5 access access VB 5180 348 6 content content NN 5180 348 7 on on IN 5180 348 8 the the DT 5180 348 9 Web web NN 5180 348 10 by by IN 5180 348 11 typing type VBG 5180 348 12 a a DT 5180 348 13 URL url NN 5180 348 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 348 15 Uniform Uniform NNP 5180 348 16 Resource Resource NNP 5180 348 17 Locator Locator NNP 5180 348 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 348 19 into into IN 5180 348 20 the the DT 5180 348 21 address address NN 5180 348 22 line line NN 5180 348 23 of of IN 5180 348 24 the the DT 5180 348 25 browser browser NN 5180 348 26 . . . 5180 349 1 A a DT 5180 349 2 URL url NN 5180 349 3 is be VBZ 5180 349 4 an an DT 5180 349 5 address address NN 5180 349 6 that that WDT 5180 349 7 points point VBZ 5180 349 8 to to IN 5180 349 9 some some DT 5180 349 10 resource resource NN 5180 349 11 located locate VBN 5180 349 12 on on IN 5180 349 13 a a DT 5180 349 14 Web web NN 5180 349 15 server server NN 5180 349 16 that that WDT 5180 349 17 is be VBZ 5180 349 18 accessible accessible JJ 5180 349 19 over over IN 5180 349 20 the the DT 5180 349 21 Internet internet NN 5180 349 22 . . . 5180 350 1 This this DT 5180 350 2 resource resource NN 5180 350 3 may may MD 5180 350 4 be be VB 5180 350 5 a a DT 5180 350 6 Web web NN 5180 350 7 site site NN 5180 350 8 , , , 5180 350 9 a a DT 5180 350 10 Web web NN 5180 350 11 page page NN 5180 350 12 , , , 5180 350 13 an an DT 5180 350 14 image image NN 5180 350 15 , , , 5180 350 16 a a DT 5180 350 17 sound sound NN 5180 350 18 or or CC 5180 350 19 video video NN 5180 350 20 file file NN 5180 350 21 , , , 5180 350 22 or or CC 5180 350 23 other other JJ 5180 350 24 resource resource NN 5180 350 25 . . . 5180 351 1 A a DT 5180 351 2 URL url NN 5180 351 3 can can MD 5180 351 4 be be VB 5180 351 5 either either CC 5180 351 6 a a DT 5180 351 7 numeric numeric JJ 5180 351 8 Internet Internet NNP 5180 351 9 Protocol Protocol NNP 5180 351 10 or or CC 5180 351 11 " " `` 5180 351 12 IP IP NNP 5180 351 13 " " '' 5180 351 14 address address NN 5180 351 15 , , , 5180 351 16 or or CC 5180 351 17 an an DT 5180 351 18 alphanumeric alphanumeric JJ 5180 351 19 " " `` 5180 351 20 domain domain NN 5180 351 21 name name NN 5180 351 22 " " '' 5180 351 23 address address NN 5180 351 24 . . . 5180 352 1 Every every DT 5180 352 2 Web web NN 5180 352 3 server server NN 5180 352 4 connected connect VBN 5180 352 5 to to IN 5180 352 6 the the DT 5180 352 7 Internet internet NN 5180 352 8 is be VBZ 5180 352 9 assigned assign VBN 5180 352 10 an an DT 5180 352 11 IP IP NNP 5180 352 12 address address NN 5180 352 13 . . . 5180 353 1 A a DT 5180 353 2 typical typical JJ 5180 353 3 IP IP NNP 5180 353 4 address address NN 5180 353 5 looks look VBZ 5180 353 6 like like IN 5180 353 7 " " `` 5180 353 8 13.1.64.14 13.1.64.14 NNS 5180 353 9 . . . 5180 353 10 " " '' 5180 354 1 Typing type VBG 5180 354 2 the the DT 5180 354 3 URL url NN 5180 354 4 " " `` 5180 354 5 http://13.1.64.14/ http://13.1.64.14/ NNS 5180 354 6 " " '' 5180 354 7 into into IN 5180 354 8 a a DT 5180 354 9 browser browser NN 5180 354 10 will will MD 5180 354 11 bring bring VB 5180 354 12 the the DT 5180 354 13 user user NN 5180 354 14 to to IN 5180 354 15 the the DT 5180 354 16 Web web NN 5180 354 17 server server NN 5180 354 18 that that WDT 5180 354 19 corresponds correspond VBZ 5180 354 20 to to IN 5180 354 21 that that DT 5180 354 22 address address NN 5180 354 23 . . . 5180 355 1 For for IN 5180 355 2 convenience convenience NN 5180 355 3 , , , 5180 355 4 most most JJS 5180 355 5 Web web NN 5180 355 6 servers server NNS 5180 355 7 have have VBP 5180 355 8 alphanumeric alphanumeric JJ 5180 355 9 domain domain NN 5180 355 10 name name NN 5180 355 11 addresses address NNS 5180 355 12 in in IN 5180 355 13 addition addition NN 5180 355 14 to to IN 5180 355 15 IP IP NNP 5180 355 16 addresses address NNS 5180 355 17 . . . 5180 356 1 For for IN 5180 356 2 example example NN 5180 356 3 , , , 5180 356 4 typing type VBG 5180 356 5 in in IN 5180 356 6 " " `` 5180 356 7 http://www.paed.uscourts.gov http://www.paed.uscourts.gov NNP 5180 356 8 " " '' 5180 356 9 will will MD 5180 356 10 bring bring VB 5180 356 11 the the DT 5180 356 12 user user NN 5180 356 13 to to IN 5180 356 14 the the DT 5180 356 15 same same JJ 5180 356 16 Web web NN 5180 356 17 server server NN 5180 356 18 as as IN 5180 356 19 typing type VBG 5180 356 20 in in IN 5180 356 21 " " `` 5180 356 22 http://204.170.64.143 http://204.170.64.143 NNP 5180 356 23 . . . 5180 356 24 " " '' 5180 357 1 Every every DT 5180 357 2 time time NN 5180 357 3 a a DT 5180 357 4 user user NN 5180 357 5 attempts attempt NNS 5180 357 6 to to TO 5180 357 7 access access VB 5180 357 8 material material NN 5180 357 9 located locate VBN 5180 357 10 on on IN 5180 357 11 a a DT 5180 357 12 Web web NN 5180 357 13 server server NN 5180 357 14 by by IN 5180 357 15 entering enter VBG 5180 357 16 a a DT 5180 357 17 domain domain NN 5180 357 18 name name NN 5180 357 19 address address NN 5180 357 20 into into IN 5180 357 21 a a DT 5180 357 22 Web web NN 5180 357 23 browser browser NN 5180 357 24 , , , 5180 357 25 a a DT 5180 357 26 request request NN 5180 357 27 is be VBZ 5180 357 28 made make VBN 5180 357 29 to to IN 5180 357 30 a a DT 5180 357 31 Domain Domain NNP 5180 357 32 Name Name NNP 5180 357 33 Server Server NNP 5180 357 34 , , , 5180 357 35 which which WDT 5180 357 36 is be VBZ 5180 357 37 a a DT 5180 357 38 directory directory NN 5180 357 39 of of IN 5180 357 40 domain domain NN 5180 357 41 names name NNS 5180 357 42 and and CC 5180 357 43 IP IP NNP 5180 357 44 addresses address NNS 5180 357 45 , , , 5180 357 46 to to TO 5180 357 47 " " `` 5180 357 48 resolve resolve VB 5180 357 49 , , , 5180 357 50 " " '' 5180 357 51 or or CC 5180 357 52 translate translate VB 5180 357 53 , , , 5180 357 54 the the DT 5180 357 55 domain domain NN 5180 357 56 name name NN 5180 357 57 address address NN 5180 357 58 into into IN 5180 357 59 an an DT 5180 357 60 IP IP NNP 5180 357 61 address address NN 5180 357 62 . . . 5180 358 1 That that IN 5180 358 2 IP IP NNP 5180 358 3 address address NN 5180 358 4 is be VBZ 5180 358 5 then then RB 5180 358 6 used use VBN 5180 358 7 to to TO 5180 358 8 locate locate VB 5180 358 9 the the DT 5180 358 10 Web web NN 5180 358 11 server server NN 5180 358 12 from from IN 5180 358 13 which which WDT 5180 358 14 content content NN 5180 358 15 is be VBZ 5180 358 16 being be VBG 5180 358 17 requested request VBN 5180 358 18 . . . 5180 359 1 A a DT 5180 359 2 Web web NN 5180 359 3 site site NN 5180 359 4 may may MD 5180 359 5 be be VB 5180 359 6 accessed access VBN 5180 359 7 by by IN 5180 359 8 using use VBG 5180 359 9 either either CC 5180 359 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 359 11 domain domain NN 5180 359 12 name name NN 5180 359 13 address address NN 5180 359 14 or or CC 5180 359 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 359 16 IP IP NNP 5180 359 17 address address NN 5180 359 18 . . . 5180 360 1 A a DT 5180 360 2 domain domain NN 5180 360 3 name name NN 5180 360 4 address address NN 5180 360 5 typically typically RB 5180 360 6 consists consist VBZ 5180 360 7 of of IN 5180 360 8 several several JJ 5180 360 9 parts part NNS 5180 360 10 . . . 5180 361 1 For for IN 5180 361 2 example example NN 5180 361 3 , , , 5180 361 4 the the DT 5180 361 5 alphanumeric alphanumeric JJ 5180 361 6 URL url NN 5180 361 7 http://www.paed.uscourts.gov/documents/opinions http://www.paed.uscourts.gov/documents/opinions NNPS 5180 361 8 can can MD 5180 361 9 be be VB 5180 361 10 broken break VBN 5180 361 11 down down RP 5180 361 12 into into IN 5180 361 13 three three CD 5180 361 14 parts part NNS 5180 361 15 . . . 5180 362 1 The the DT 5180 362 2 first first JJ 5180 362 3 part part NN 5180 362 4 is be VBZ 5180 362 5 the the DT 5180 362 6 transfer transfer NN 5180 362 7 protocol protocol NN 5180 362 8 the the DT 5180 362 9 computer computer NN 5180 362 10 will will MD 5180 362 11 use use VB 5180 362 12 in in IN 5180 362 13 accessing access VBG 5180 362 14 the the DT 5180 362 15 content content NN 5180 362 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 362 17 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 362 18 , , , 5180 362 19 " " `` 5180 362 20 http http VBZ 5180 362 21 " " '' 5180 362 22 for for IN 5180 362 23 Hypertext Hypertext NNP 5180 362 24 Transfer Transfer NNP 5180 362 25 Protocol Protocol NNP 5180 362 26 ) ) -RRB- 5180 362 27 ; ; : 5180 362 28 next next JJ 5180 362 29 is be VBZ 5180 362 30 the the DT 5180 362 31 name name NN 5180 362 32 of of IN 5180 362 33 the the DT 5180 362 34 host host NN 5180 362 35 server server NN 5180 362 36 on on IN 5180 362 37 which which WDT 5180 362 38 the the DT 5180 362 39 information information NN 5180 362 40 is be VBZ 5180 362 41 stored store VBN 5180 362 42 ( ( -LRB- 5180 362 43 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 362 44 , , , 5180 362 45 www.paed.uscourts.gov www.paed.uscourts.gov CD 5180 362 46 ) ) -RRB- 5180 362 47 ; ; : 5180 362 48 and and CC 5180 362 49 then then RB 5180 362 50 the the DT 5180 362 51 name name NN 5180 362 52 of of IN 5180 362 53 the the DT 5180 362 54 particular particular JJ 5180 362 55 file file NN 5180 362 56 or or CC 5180 362 57 directory directory NN 5180 362 58 on on IN 5180 362 59 that that DT 5180 362 60 server server NN 5180 362 61 ( ( -LRB- 5180 362 62 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 362 63 , , , 5180 362 64 /documents /documents . 5180 362 65 / / SYM 5180 362 66 opinions opinion NNS 5180 362 67 ) ) -RRB- 5180 362 68 . . . 5180 363 1 A a DT 5180 363 2 single single JJ 5180 363 3 Web web NN 5180 363 4 page page NN 5180 363 5 may may MD 5180 363 6 be be VB 5180 363 7 associated associate VBN 5180 363 8 with with IN 5180 363 9 more more JJR 5180 363 10 than than IN 5180 363 11 one one CD 5180 363 12 URL url NN 5180 363 13 . . . 5180 364 1 For for IN 5180 364 2 example example NN 5180 364 3 , , , 5180 364 4 the the DT 5180 364 5 URLs url NNS 5180 364 6 http://www.newyorktimes.com http://www.newyorktimes.com ADD 5180 364 7 and and CC 5180 364 8 http://www.nytimes.com http://www.nytimes.com ADD 5180 364 9 will will MD 5180 364 10 both both DT 5180 364 11 take take VB 5180 364 12 the the DT 5180 364 13 user user NN 5180 364 14 to to IN 5180 364 15 the the DT 5180 364 16 New New NNP 5180 364 17 York York NNP 5180 364 18 Times Times NNP 5180 364 19 home home NN 5180 364 20 page page NN 5180 364 21 . . . 5180 365 1 The the DT 5180 365 2 topmost topmost JJS 5180 365 3 directory directory NN 5180 365 4 in in IN 5180 365 5 a a DT 5180 365 6 Web web NN 5180 365 7 site site NN 5180 365 8 is be VBZ 5180 365 9 often often RB 5180 365 10 referred refer VBN 5180 365 11 to to IN 5180 365 12 as as IN 5180 365 13 that that DT 5180 365 14 Web web NN 5180 365 15 site site NN 5180 365 16 's 's POS 5180 365 17 root root NN 5180 365 18 directory directory NN 5180 365 19 or or CC 5180 365 20 root root NN 5180 365 21 URL url NN 5180 365 22 . . . 5180 366 1 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5180 368 4 number number NN 5180 368 5 of of IN 5180 368 6 Web web NN 5180 368 7 hosting host VBG 5180 368 8 companies company NNS 5180 368 9 that that WDT 5180 368 10 maintain maintain VBP 5180 368 11 Web web NN 5180 368 12 sites site NNS 5180 368 13 for for IN 5180 368 14 other other JJ 5180 368 15 businesses business NNS 5180 368 16 and and CC 5180 368 17 individuals individual NNS 5180 368 18 , , , 5180 368 19 which which WDT 5180 368 20 can can MD 5180 368 21 lead lead VB 5180 368 22 to to IN 5180 368 23 vast vast JJ 5180 368 24 amounts amount NNS 5180 368 25 of of IN 5180 368 26 diverse diverse JJ 5180 368 27 content content NN 5180 368 28 being be VBG 5180 368 29 located locate VBN 5180 368 30 at at IN 5180 368 31 the the DT 5180 368 32 same same JJ 5180 368 33 IP IP NNP 5180 368 34 address address NN 5180 368 35 . . . 5180 369 1 Hosting host VBG 5180 369 2 services service NNS 5180 369 3 are be VBP 5180 369 4 offered offer VBN 5180 369 5 either either CC 5180 369 6 for for IN 5180 369 7 a a DT 5180 369 8 fee fee NN 5180 369 9 , , , 5180 369 10 or or CC 5180 369 11 in in IN 5180 369 12 some some DT 5180 369 13 cases case NNS 5180 369 14 , , , 5180 369 15 for for IN 5180 369 16 free free JJ 5180 369 17 , , , 5180 369 18 allowing allow VBG 5180 369 19 any any DT 5180 369 20 individual individual NN 5180 369 21 with with IN 5180 369 22 Internet internet NN 5180 369 23 access access NN 5180 369 24 to to TO 5180 369 25 create create VB 5180 369 26 a a DT 5180 369 27 Web web NN 5180 369 28 site site NN 5180 369 29 . . . 5180 370 1 Some some DT 5180 370 2 hosting host VBG 5180 370 3 services service NNS 5180 370 4 are be VBP 5180 370 5 provided provide VBN 5180 370 6 through through IN 5180 370 7 the the DT 5180 370 8 process process NN 5180 370 9 of of IN 5180 370 10 " " `` 5180 370 11 IP IP NNP 5180 370 12 - - HYPH 5180 370 13 based base VBN 5180 370 14 hosting hosting NN 5180 370 15 , , , 5180 370 16 " " `` 5180 370 17 where where WRB 5180 370 18 each each DT 5180 370 19 domain domain NN 5180 370 20 name name NN 5180 370 21 is be VBZ 5180 370 22 assigned assign VBN 5180 370 23 a a DT 5180 370 24 unique unique JJ 5180 370 25 IP IP NNP 5180 370 26 number number NN 5180 370 27 . . . 5180 371 1 For for IN 5180 371 2 example example NN 5180 371 3 , , , 5180 371 4 www.baseball.com www.baseball.com NNP 5180 371 5 might may MD 5180 371 6 map map VB 5180 371 7 to to IN 5180 371 8 the the DT 5180 371 9 IP IP NNP 5180 371 10 address address NN 5180 371 11 " " `` 5180 371 12 10.3.5.9 10.3.5.9 CD 5180 371 13 " " '' 5180 371 14 and and CC 5180 371 15 www.XXX.com www.XXX.com NNP 5180 371 16 might may MD 5180 371 17 map map VB 5180 371 18 to to IN 5180 371 19 the the DT 5180 371 20 IP IP NNP 5180 371 21 address address NN 5180 371 22 " " `` 5180 371 23 10.0.42.5 10.0.42.5 CD 5180 371 24 . . . 5180 371 25 " " '' 5180 372 1 Other other JJ 5180 372 2 hosting host VBG 5180 372 3 services service NNS 5180 372 4 are be VBP 5180 372 5 provided provide VBN 5180 372 6 through through IN 5180 372 7 the the DT 5180 372 8 process process NN 5180 372 9 of of IN 5180 372 10 " " `` 5180 372 11 name name NN 5180 372 12 - - HYPH 5180 372 13 based base VBN 5180 372 14 hosting hosting NN 5180 372 15 , , , 5180 372 16 " " `` 5180 372 17 where where WRB 5180 372 18 multiple multiple JJ 5180 372 19 domain domain NN 5180 372 20 name name NN 5180 372 21 addresses address NNS 5180 372 22 are be VBP 5180 372 23 mapped map VBN 5180 372 24 to to IN 5180 372 25 a a DT 5180 372 26 single single JJ 5180 372 27 IP IP NNP 5180 372 28 address address NN 5180 372 29 . . . 5180 373 1 If if IN 5180 373 2 the the DT 5180 373 3 hosting host VBG 5180 373 4 company company NN 5180 373 5 were be VBD 5180 373 6 using use VBG 5180 373 7 this this DT 5180 373 8 method method NN 5180 373 9 , , , 5180 373 10 both both DT 5180 373 11 www.baseball.com www.baseball.com NNP 5180 373 12 and and CC 5180 373 13 www.XXX.com www.XXX.com NNP 5180 373 14 could could MD 5180 373 15 map map VB 5180 373 16 to to IN 5180 373 17 a a DT 5180 373 18 single single JJ 5180 373 19 IP IP NNP 5180 373 20 address address NN 5180 373 21 , , , 5180 373 22 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 373 23 , , , 5180 373 24 " " `` 5180 373 25 10.3.5.9 10.3.5.9 CD 5180 373 26 . . . 5180 373 27 " " '' 5180 374 1 As as IN 5180 374 2 a a DT 5180 374 3 result result NN 5180 374 4 of of IN 5180 374 5 the the DT 5180 374 6 " " `` 5180 374 7 name name NN 5180 374 8 - - HYPH 5180 374 9 based base VBN 5180 374 10 hosting host VBG 5180 374 11 " " '' 5180 374 12 process process NN 5180 374 13 , , , 5180 374 14 up up RB 5180 374 15 to to IN 5180 374 16 tens ten NNS 5180 374 17 of of IN 5180 374 18 thousands thousand NNS 5180 374 19 of of IN 5180 374 20 pages page NNS 5180 374 21 with with IN 5180 374 22 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ 5180 374 23 content content NN 5180 374 24 may may MD 5180 374 25 share share VB 5180 374 26 a a DT 5180 374 27 single single JJ 5180 374 28 IP IP NNP 5180 374 29 address address NN 5180 374 30 . . . 5180 375 1 2 2 LS 5180 375 2 . . . 5180 376 1 The the DT 5180 376 2 Indexable Indexable NNP 5180 376 3 Web Web NNP 5180 376 4 , , , 5180 376 5 the the DT 5180 376 6 " " `` 5180 376 7 Deep deep JJ 5180 376 8 Web web NN 5180 376 9 " " '' 5180 376 10 ; ; : 5180 376 11 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 376 12 Size size NN 5180 376 13 and and CC 5180 376 14 Rates Rates NNPS 5180 376 15 of of IN 5180 376 16 Growth Growth NNP 5180 376 17 and and CC 5180 376 18 Change change VB 5180 376 19 The the DT 5180 376 20 universe universe NN 5180 376 21 of of IN 5180 376 22 content content NN 5180 376 23 on on IN 5180 376 24 the the DT 5180 376 25 Web web NN 5180 376 26 that that WDT 5180 376 27 could could MD 5180 376 28 be be VB 5180 376 29 indexed index VBN 5180 376 30 , , , 5180 376 31 in in IN 5180 376 32 theory theory NN 5180 376 33 , , , 5180 376 34 by by IN 5180 376 35 standard standard JJ 5180 376 36 search search NN 5180 376 37 engines engine NNS 5180 376 38 is be VBZ 5180 376 39 known know VBN 5180 376 40 as as IN 5180 376 41 the the DT 5180 376 42 " " `` 5180 376 43 publicly publicly RB 5180 376 44 indexable indexable JJ 5180 376 45 Web web NN 5180 376 46 . . . 5180 376 47 " " '' 5180 377 1 The the DT 5180 377 2 publicly publicly RB 5180 377 3 indexable indexable JJ 5180 377 4 Web web NN 5180 377 5 is be VBZ 5180 377 6 limited limit VBN 5180 377 7 to to IN 5180 377 8 those those DT 5180 377 9 pages page NNS 5180 377 10 that that WDT 5180 377 11 are be VBP 5180 377 12 accessible accessible JJ 5180 377 13 by by IN 5180 377 14 following follow VBG 5180 377 15 a a DT 5180 377 16 link link NN 5180 377 17 from from IN 5180 377 18 another another DT 5180 377 19 Web web NN 5180 377 20 page page NN 5180 377 21 that that WDT 5180 377 22 is be VBZ 5180 377 23 recognized recognize VBN 5180 377 24 by by IN 5180 377 25 a a DT 5180 377 26 search search NN 5180 377 27 engine engine NN 5180 377 28 . . . 5180 378 1 This this DT 5180 378 2 limitation limitation NN 5180 378 3 exists exist VBZ 5180 378 4 because because IN 5180 378 5 online online JJ 5180 378 6 indexing indexing NN 5180 378 7 techniques technique NNS 5180 378 8 used use VBN 5180 378 9 by by IN 5180 378 10 popular popular JJ 5180 378 11 search search NN 5180 378 12 engines engine NNS 5180 378 13 and and CC 5180 378 14 directories directory NNS 5180 378 15 such such JJ 5180 378 16 as as IN 5180 378 17 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 378 18 , , , 5180 378 19 Lycos Lycos NNP 5180 378 20 and and CC 5180 378 21 AltaVista AltaVista NNP 5180 378 22 , , , 5180 378 23 are be VBP 5180 378 24 based base VBN 5180 378 25 on on IN 5180 378 26 " " `` 5180 378 27 spidering spidering JJ 5180 378 28 " " '' 5180 378 29 technology technology NN 5180 378 30 , , , 5180 378 31 which which WDT 5180 378 32 finds find VBZ 5180 378 33 sites site NNS 5180 378 34 to to IN 5180 378 35 index index NN 5180 378 36 by by IN 5180 378 37 following follow VBG 5180 378 38 links link NNS 5180 378 39 from from IN 5180 378 40 site site NN 5180 378 41 to to IN 5180 378 42 site site VB 5180 378 43 in in IN 5180 378 44 a a DT 5180 378 45 continuous continuous JJ 5180 378 46 search search NN 5180 378 47 for for IN 5180 378 48 new new JJ 5180 378 49 content content NN 5180 378 50 . . . 5180 379 1 If if IN 5180 379 2 a a DT 5180 379 3 Web web NN 5180 379 4 page page NN 5180 379 5 or or CC 5180 379 6 site site NN 5180 379 7 is be VBZ 5180 379 8 not not RB 5180 379 9 linked link VBN 5180 379 10 by by IN 5180 379 11 others other NNS 5180 379 12 , , , 5180 379 13 then then RB 5180 379 14 spidering spidere VBG 5180 379 15 will will MD 5180 379 16 not not RB 5180 379 17 discover discover VB 5180 379 18 that that DT 5180 379 19 page page NN 5180 379 20 or or CC 5180 379 21 site site NN 5180 379 22 . . . 5180 380 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 5180 380 2 , , , 5180 380 3 many many JJ 5180 380 4 larger large JJR 5180 380 5 Web web NN 5180 380 6 sites site NNS 5180 380 7 contain contain VBP 5180 380 8 instructions instruction NNS 5180 380 9 , , , 5180 380 10 through through IN 5180 380 11 software software NN 5180 380 12 , , , 5180 380 13 that that WDT 5180 380 14 prevent prevent VBP 5180 380 15 spiders spider NNS 5180 380 16 from from IN 5180 380 17 investigating investigate VBG 5180 380 18 that that DT 5180 380 19 site site NN 5180 380 20 , , , 5180 380 21 and and CC 5180 380 22 therefore therefore RB 5180 380 23 the the DT 5180 380 24 contents content NNS 5180 380 25 of of IN 5180 380 26 such such JJ 5180 380 27 sites site NNS 5180 380 28 also also RB 5180 380 29 can can MD 5180 380 30 not not RB 5180 380 31 be be VB 5180 380 32 indexed index VBN 5180 380 33 using use VBG 5180 380 34 spidering spidere VBG 5180 380 35 technology technology NN 5180 380 36 . . . 5180 381 1 Because because IN 5180 381 2 of of IN 5180 381 3 the the DT 5180 381 4 vast vast JJ 5180 381 5 size size NN 5180 381 6 and and CC 5180 381 7 decentralized decentralize VBD 5180 381 8 structure structure NN 5180 381 9 of of IN 5180 381 10 the the DT 5180 381 11 Web web NN 5180 381 12 , , , 5180 381 13 no no DT 5180 381 14 search search NN 5180 381 15 engine engine NN 5180 381 16 or or CC 5180 381 17 directory directory NN 5180 381 18 indexes index NNS 5180 381 19 all all DT 5180 381 20 of of IN 5180 381 21 the the DT 5180 381 22 content content NN 5180 381 23 on on IN 5180 381 24 the the DT 5180 381 25 publicly publicly RB 5180 381 26 indexable indexable JJ 5180 381 27 Web web NN 5180 381 28 . . . 5180 382 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 382 2 credit credit VBP 5180 382 3 current current JJ 5180 382 4 estimates estimate NNS 5180 382 5 that that IN 5180 382 6 no no DT 5180 382 7 more more JJR 5180 382 8 than than IN 5180 382 9 50 50 CD 5180 382 10 % % NN 5180 382 11 of of IN 5180 382 12 the the DT 5180 382 13 content content NN 5180 382 14 currently currently RB 5180 382 15 on on IN 5180 382 16 the the DT 5180 382 17 publicly publicly RB 5180 382 18 indexable indexable JJ 5180 382 19 Web web NN 5180 382 20 has have VBZ 5180 382 21 been be VBN 5180 382 22 indexed index VBN 5180 382 23 by by IN 5180 382 24 all all DT 5180 382 25 search search NN 5180 382 26 engines engine NNS 5180 382 27 and and CC 5180 382 28 directories directory NNS 5180 382 29 combined combine VBN 5180 382 30 . . . 5180 383 1 No no DT 5180 383 2 currently currently RB 5180 383 3 available available JJ 5180 383 4 method method NN 5180 383 5 or or CC 5180 383 6 combination combination NN 5180 383 7 of of IN 5180 383 8 methods method NNS 5180 383 9 for for IN 5180 383 10 collecting collect VBG 5180 383 11 URLs url NNS 5180 383 12 can can MD 5180 383 13 collect collect VB 5180 383 14 the the DT 5180 383 15 addresses address NNS 5180 383 16 of of IN 5180 383 17 all all DT 5180 383 18 URLs url NNS 5180 383 19 on on IN 5180 383 20 the the DT 5180 383 21 Web web NN 5180 383 22 . . . 5180 384 1 The the DT 5180 384 2 portion portion NN 5180 384 3 of of IN 5180 384 4 the the DT 5180 384 5 Web web NN 5180 384 6 that that WDT 5180 384 7 is be VBZ 5180 384 8 not not RB 5180 384 9 theoretically theoretically RB 5180 384 10 indexable indexable JJ 5180 384 11 through through IN 5180 384 12 the the DT 5180 384 13 use use NN 5180 384 14 of of IN 5180 384 15 " " `` 5180 384 16 spidering spidering JJ 5180 384 17 " " '' 5180 384 18 technology technology NN 5180 384 19 , , , 5180 384 20 because because IN 5180 384 21 other other JJ 5180 384 22 Web web NN 5180 384 23 pages page NNS 5180 384 24 do do VBP 5180 384 25 not not RB 5180 384 26 link link VB 5180 384 27 to to IN 5180 384 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 384 29 , , , 5180 384 30 is be VBZ 5180 384 31 called call VBN 5180 384 32 the the DT 5180 384 33 " " `` 5180 384 34 Deep Deep NNP 5180 384 35 Web web NN 5180 384 36 . . . 5180 384 37 " " '' 5180 385 1 Such such JJ 5180 385 2 sites site NNS 5180 385 3 or or CC 5180 385 4 pages page NNS 5180 385 5 can can MD 5180 385 6 still still RB 5180 385 7 be be VB 5180 385 8 made make VBN 5180 385 9 publicly publicly RB 5180 385 10 accessible accessible JJ 5180 385 11 without without IN 5180 385 12 being be VBG 5180 385 13 made make VBN 5180 385 14 publicly publicly RB 5180 385 15 indexable indexable JJ 5180 385 16 by by IN 5180 385 17 , , , 5180 385 18 for for IN 5180 385 19 example example NN 5180 385 20 , , , 5180 385 21 using use VBG 5180 385 22 individual individual JJ 5180 385 23 or or CC 5180 385 24 mass mass JJ 5180 385 25 emailings emailing NNS 5180 385 26 ( ( -LRB- 5180 385 27 also also RB 5180 385 28 known know VBN 5180 385 29 as as IN 5180 385 30 " " `` 5180 385 31 spam spam NNP 5180 385 32 " " '' 5180 385 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 385 34 to to TO 5180 385 35 distribute distribute VB 5180 385 36 the the DT 5180 385 37 URL url NN 5180 385 38 to to IN 5180 385 39 potential potential JJ 5180 385 40 readers reader NNS 5180 385 41 or or CC 5180 385 42 customers customer NNS 5180 385 43 , , , 5180 385 44 or or CC 5180 385 45 by by IN 5180 385 46 using use VBG 5180 385 47 types type NNS 5180 385 48 of of IN 5180 385 49 Web web NN 5180 385 50 links link NNS 5180 385 51 that that WDT 5180 385 52 can can MD 5180 385 53 not not RB 5180 385 54 be be VB 5180 385 55 found find VBN 5180 385 56 by by IN 5180 385 57 spiders spider NNS 5180 385 58 but but CC 5180 385 59 can can MD 5180 385 60 be be VB 5180 385 61 seen see VBN 5180 385 62 and and CC 5180 385 63 used use VBN 5180 385 64 by by IN 5180 385 65 readers reader NNS 5180 385 66 . . . 5180 386 1 " " `` 5180 386 2 Spamming spamme VBG 5180 386 3 " " '' 5180 386 4 is be VBZ 5180 386 5 a a DT 5180 386 6 common common JJ 5180 386 7 method method NN 5180 386 8 of of IN 5180 386 9 distributing distribute VBG 5180 386 10 to to IN 5180 386 11 potential potential JJ 5180 386 12 customers customer NNS 5180 386 13 links link NNS 5180 386 14 to to IN 5180 386 15 sexually sexually RB 5180 386 16 explicit explicit JJ 5180 386 17 content content NN 5180 386 18 that that WDT 5180 386 19 is be VBZ 5180 386 20 not not RB 5180 386 21 indexable indexable JJ 5180 386 22 . . . 5180 387 1 Because because IN 5180 387 2 the the DT 5180 387 3 Web web NN 5180 387 4 is be VBZ 5180 387 5 decentralized decentralize VBN 5180 387 6 , , , 5180 387 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 387 8 is be VBZ 5180 387 9 impossible impossible JJ 5180 387 10 to to TO 5180 387 11 say say VB 5180 387 12 exactly exactly RB 5180 387 13 how how WRB 5180 387 14 large large JJ 5180 387 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 387 16 is be VBZ 5180 387 17 . . . 5180 388 1 A a DT 5180 388 2 2000 2000 CD 5180 388 3 study study NN 5180 388 4 estimated estimate VBD 5180 388 5 a a DT 5180 388 6 total total NN 5180 388 7 of of IN 5180 388 8 7.1 7.1 CD 5180 388 9 million million CD 5180 388 10 unique unique JJ 5180 388 11 Web web NN 5180 388 12 sites site NNS 5180 388 13 , , , 5180 388 14 which which WDT 5180 388 15 at at IN 5180 388 16 the the DT 5180 388 17 Web web NN 5180 388 18 's 's POS 5180 388 19 historical historical JJ 5180 388 20 rate rate NN 5180 388 21 of of IN 5180 388 22 growth growth NN 5180 388 23 , , , 5180 388 24 would would MD 5180 388 25 have have VB 5180 388 26 increased increase VBN 5180 388 27 to to IN 5180 388 28 11 11 CD 5180 388 29 million million CD 5180 388 30 unique unique JJ 5180 388 31 sites site NNS 5180 388 32 as as IN 5180 388 33 of of IN 5180 388 34 September September NNP 5180 388 35 2001 2001 CD 5180 388 36 . . . 5180 389 1 Estimates estimate NNS 5180 389 2 of of IN 5180 389 3 the the DT 5180 389 4 total total JJ 5180 389 5 number number NN 5180 389 6 of of IN 5180 389 7 Web web NN 5180 389 8 pages page NNS 5180 389 9 vary vary VBP 5180 389 10 , , , 5180 389 11 but but CC 5180 389 12 a a DT 5180 389 13 figure figure NN 5180 389 14 of of IN 5180 389 15 2 2 CD 5180 389 16 billion billion CD 5180 389 17 is be VBZ 5180 389 18 a a DT 5180 389 19 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 389 20 estimate estimate NN 5180 389 21 of of IN 5180 389 22 the the DT 5180 389 23 number number NN 5180 389 24 of of IN 5180 389 25 Web web NN 5180 389 26 pages page NNS 5180 389 27 that that WDT 5180 389 28 can can MD 5180 389 29 be be VB 5180 389 30 reached reach VBN 5180 389 31 , , , 5180 389 32 in in IN 5180 389 33 theory theory NN 5180 389 34 , , , 5180 389 35 by by IN 5180 389 36 standard standard JJ 5180 389 37 search search NN 5180 389 38 engines engine NNS 5180 389 39 . . . 5180 390 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 390 2 need need VBP 5180 390 3 not not RB 5180 390 4 make make VB 5180 390 5 a a DT 5180 390 6 specific specific JJ 5180 390 7 finding finding NN 5180 390 8 as as IN 5180 390 9 to to IN 5180 390 10 a a DT 5180 390 11 figure figure NN 5180 390 12 , , , 5180 390 13 for for IN 5180 390 14 by by IN 5180 390 15 any any DT 5180 390 16 measure measure NN 5180 390 17 the the DT 5180 390 18 Web web NN 5180 390 19 is be VBZ 5180 390 20 extremely extremely RB 5180 390 21 vast vast JJ 5180 390 22 , , , 5180 390 23 and and CC 5180 390 24 it -PRON- PRP 5180 390 25 is be VBZ 5180 390 26 constantly constantly RB 5180 390 27 growing grow VBG 5180 390 28 . . . 5180 391 1 The the DT 5180 391 2 indexable indexable JJ 5180 391 3 Web web NN 5180 391 4 is be VBZ 5180 391 5 growing grow VBG 5180 391 6 at at IN 5180 391 7 a a DT 5180 391 8 rate rate NN 5180 391 9 of of IN 5180 391 10 approximately approximately RB 5180 391 11 1.5 1.5 CD 5180 391 12 million million CD 5180 391 13 pages page NNS 5180 391 14 per per IN 5180 391 15 day day NN 5180 391 16 . . . 5180 392 1 The the DT 5180 392 2 size size NN 5180 392 3 of of IN 5180 392 4 the the DT 5180 392 5 un un NNP 5180 392 6 - - HYPH 5180 392 7 indexable indexable JJ 5180 392 8 Web web NN 5180 392 9 , , , 5180 392 10 or or CC 5180 392 11 the the DT 5180 392 12 " " `` 5180 392 13 Deep deep JJ 5180 392 14 Web web NN 5180 392 15 , , , 5180 392 16 " " '' 5180 392 17 while while IN 5180 392 18 impossible impossible JJ 5180 392 19 to to TO 5180 392 20 determine determine VB 5180 392 21 precisely precisely RB 5180 392 22 , , , 5180 392 23 is be VBZ 5180 392 24 estimated estimate VBN 5180 392 25 to to TO 5180 392 26 be be VB 5180 392 27 two two CD 5180 392 28 to to TO 5180 392 29 ten ten CD 5180 392 30 times time NNS 5180 392 31 that that DT 5180 392 32 of of IN 5180 392 33 the the DT 5180 392 34 publicly publicly RB 5180 392 35 indexable indexable JJ 5180 392 36 Web web NN 5180 392 37 . . . 5180 393 1 In in IN 5180 393 2 addition addition NN 5180 393 3 to to IN 5180 393 4 growing grow VBG 5180 393 5 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 393 6 , , , 5180 393 7 Web web NN 5180 393 8 pages page NNS 5180 393 9 and and CC 5180 393 10 sites site NNS 5180 393 11 are be VBP 5180 393 12 constantly constantly RB 5180 393 13 being be VBG 5180 393 14 removed remove VBN 5180 393 15 , , , 5180 393 16 or or CC 5180 393 17 changing change VBG 5180 393 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 393 19 content content NN 5180 393 20 . . . 5180 394 1 Web web NN 5180 394 2 sites site NNS 5180 394 3 or or CC 5180 394 4 pages page NNS 5180 394 5 can can MD 5180 394 6 change change VB 5180 394 7 content content NN 5180 394 8 without without IN 5180 394 9 changing change VBG 5180 394 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 394 11 domain domain NN 5180 394 12 name name NN 5180 394 13 addresses address NNS 5180 394 14 or or CC 5180 394 15 IP IP NNP 5180 394 16 addresses address NNS 5180 394 17 . . . 5180 395 1 Individual individual JJ 5180 395 2 Web web NN 5180 395 3 pages page NNS 5180 395 4 have have VBP 5180 395 5 an an DT 5180 395 6 average average JJ 5180 395 7 life life NN 5180 395 8 span span NN 5180 395 9 of of IN 5180 395 10 approximately approximately RB 5180 395 11 90 90 CD 5180 395 12 days day NNS 5180 395 13 . . . 5180 396 1 3 3 LS 5180 396 2 . . . 5180 397 1 The the DT 5180 397 2 Amount Amount NNP 5180 397 3 of of IN 5180 397 4 Sexually Sexually NNP 5180 397 5 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 397 6 Material Material NNP 5180 397 7 on on IN 5180 397 8 the the DT 5180 397 9 Web web NN 5180 397 10 There there EX 5180 397 11 is be VBZ 5180 397 12 a a DT 5180 397 13 vast vast JJ 5180 397 14 amount amount NN 5180 397 15 of of IN 5180 397 16 sexually sexually RB 5180 397 17 explicit explicit JJ 5180 397 18 material material NN 5180 397 19 available available JJ 5180 397 20 via via IN 5180 397 21 the the DT 5180 397 22 Internet internet NN 5180 397 23 and and CC 5180 397 24 the the DT 5180 397 25 Web web NN 5180 397 26 . . . 5180 398 1 Sexually sexually RB 5180 398 2 explicit explicit JJ 5180 398 3 material material NN 5180 398 4 on on IN 5180 398 5 the the DT 5180 398 6 Internet internet NN 5180 398 7 is be VBZ 5180 398 8 easy easy JJ 5180 398 9 to to TO 5180 398 10 access access VB 5180 398 11 using use VBG 5180 398 12 any any DT 5180 398 13 public public JJ 5180 398 14 search search NN 5180 398 15 engine engine NN 5180 398 16 , , , 5180 398 17 such such JJ 5180 398 18 as as IN 5180 398 19 , , , 5180 398 20 for for IN 5180 398 21 example example NN 5180 398 22 , , , 5180 398 23 Google Google NNP 5180 398 24 or or CC 5180 398 25 AltaVista AltaVista NNP 5180 398 26 . . . 5180 399 1 Although although IN 5180 399 2 much much JJ 5180 399 3 of of IN 5180 399 4 the the DT 5180 399 5 sexually sexually RB 5180 399 6 explicit explicit JJ 5180 399 7 material material NN 5180 399 8 available available JJ 5180 399 9 on on IN 5180 399 10 the the DT 5180 399 11 Web web NN 5180 399 12 is be VBZ 5180 399 13 posted post VBN 5180 399 14 on on IN 5180 399 15 commercial commercial JJ 5180 399 16 sites site NNS 5180 399 17 that that WDT 5180 399 18 require require VBP 5180 399 19 viewers viewer NNS 5180 399 20 to to TO 5180 399 21 pay pay VB 5180 399 22 in in IN 5180 399 23 order order NN 5180 399 24 to to TO 5180 399 25 gain gain VB 5180 399 26 access access NN 5180 399 27 to to IN 5180 399 28 the the DT 5180 399 29 site site NN 5180 399 30 , , , 5180 399 31 a a DT 5180 399 32 large large JJ 5180 399 33 number number NN 5180 399 34 of of IN 5180 399 35 sexually sexually RB 5180 399 36 explicit explicit JJ 5180 399 37 sites site NNS 5180 399 38 may may MD 5180 399 39 be be VB 5180 399 40 accessed access VBN 5180 399 41 for for IN 5180 399 42 free free JJ 5180 399 43 and and CC 5180 399 44 without without IN 5180 399 45 providing provide VBG 5180 399 46 any any DT 5180 399 47 registration registration NN 5180 399 48 information information NN 5180 399 49 . . . 5180 400 1 Most most RBS 5180 400 2 importantly importantly RB 5180 400 3 , , , 5180 400 4 some some DT 5180 400 5 Web web NN 5180 400 6 sites site NNS 5180 400 7 that that WDT 5180 400 8 contain contain VBP 5180 400 9 sexually sexually RB 5180 400 10 explicit explicit JJ 5180 400 11 content content NN 5180 400 12 have have VBP 5180 400 13 innocuous innocuous JJ 5180 400 14 domain domain NN 5180 400 15 names name NNS 5180 400 16 and and CC 5180 400 17 therefore therefore RB 5180 400 18 can can MD 5180 400 19 be be VB 5180 400 20 reached reach VBN 5180 400 21 accidentally accidentally RB 5180 400 22 . . . 5180 401 1 A a DT 5180 401 2 commonly commonly RB 5180 401 3 cited cite VBN 5180 401 4 example example NN 5180 401 5 is be VBZ 5180 401 6 http://www.whitehouse.com http://www.whitehouse.com ADD 5180 401 7 . . . 5180 402 1 Other other JJ 5180 402 2 innocent innocent JJ 5180 402 3 - - HYPH 5180 402 4 sounding sound VBG 5180 402 5 URLs url NNS 5180 402 6 that that WDT 5180 402 7 retrieve retrieve VBP 5180 402 8 graphic graphic JJ 5180 402 9 , , , 5180 402 10 sexually sexually RB 5180 402 11 explicit explicit JJ 5180 402 12 depictions depiction NNS 5180 402 13 include include VBP 5180 402 14 http://www.boys.com http://www.boys.com ADD 5180 402 15 , , , 5180 402 16 http://www.girls.com http://www.girls.com ADD 5180 402 17 , , , 5180 402 18 http://www.coffeebeansupply.com http://www.coffeebeansupply.com ADD 5180 402 19 , , , 5180 402 20 and and CC 5180 402 21 http://www.BookstoreUSA.com http://www.bookstoreusa.com ADD 5180 402 22 . . . 5180 403 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 403 2 , , , 5180 403 3 commercial commercial JJ 5180 403 4 Web web NN 5180 403 5 sites site NNS 5180 403 6 that that WDT 5180 403 7 contain contain VBP 5180 403 8 sexually sexually RB 5180 403 9 explicit explicit JJ 5180 403 10 material material NN 5180 403 11 often often RB 5180 403 12 use use VBP 5180 403 13 a a DT 5180 403 14 technique technique NN 5180 403 15 of of IN 5180 403 16 attaching attach VBG 5180 403 17 pop pop VB 5180 403 18 - - HYPH 5180 403 19 up up RP 5180 403 20 windows window NNS 5180 403 21 to to IN 5180 403 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 403 23 sites site NNS 5180 403 24 , , , 5180 403 25 which which WDT 5180 403 26 open open VBP 5180 403 27 new new JJ 5180 403 28 windows window NNS 5180 403 29 advertising advertising NN 5180 403 30 other other JJ 5180 403 31 sexually sexually RB 5180 403 32 explicit explicit JJ 5180 403 33 sites site NNS 5180 403 34 without without IN 5180 403 35 any any DT 5180 403 36 prompting prompting NN 5180 403 37 by by IN 5180 403 38 the the DT 5180 403 39 user user NN 5180 403 40 . . . 5180 404 1 This this DT 5180 404 2 technique technique NN 5180 404 3 makes make VBZ 5180 404 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 404 5 difficult difficult JJ 5180 404 6 for for IN 5180 404 7 a a DT 5180 404 8 user user NN 5180 404 9 quickly quickly RB 5180 404 10 to to TO 5180 404 11 exit exit VB 5180 404 12 all all DT 5180 404 13 of of IN 5180 404 14 the the DT 5180 404 15 pages page NNS 5180 404 16 containing contain VBG 5180 404 17 sexually sexually RB 5180 404 18 explicit explicit JJ 5180 404 19 material material NN 5180 404 20 , , , 5180 404 21 whether whether IN 5180 404 22 he -PRON- PRP 5180 404 23 or or CC 5180 404 24 she -PRON- PRP 5180 404 25 initially initially RB 5180 404 26 accessed access VBD 5180 404 27 such such JJ 5180 404 28 material material NN 5180 404 29 intentionally intentionally RB 5180 404 30 or or CC 5180 404 31 not not RB 5180 404 32 . . . 5180 405 1 The the DT 5180 405 2 percentage percentage NN 5180 405 3 of of IN 5180 405 4 Web web NN 5180 405 5 pages page NNS 5180 405 6 on on IN 5180 405 7 the the DT 5180 405 8 indexed indexed JJ 5180 405 9 Web web NN 5180 405 10 containing contain VBG 5180 405 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 405 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 405 13 content content NN 5180 405 14 is be VBZ 5180 405 15 relatively relatively RB 5180 405 16 small small JJ 5180 405 17 . . . 5180 406 1 Recent recent JJ 5180 406 2 estimates estimate NNS 5180 406 3 indicate indicate VBP 5180 406 4 that that IN 5180 406 5 no no DT 5180 406 6 more more JJR 5180 406 7 than than IN 5180 406 8 1 1 CD 5180 406 9 - - SYM 5180 406 10 2 2 CD 5180 406 11 % % NN 5180 406 12 of of IN 5180 406 13 the the DT 5180 406 14 content content NN 5180 406 15 on on IN 5180 406 16 the the DT 5180 406 17 Web web NN 5180 406 18 is be VBZ 5180 406 19 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 406 20 or or CC 5180 406 21 sexually sexually RB 5180 406 22 explicit explicit JJ 5180 406 23 . . . 5180 407 1 However however RB 5180 407 2 , , , 5180 407 3 the the DT 5180 407 4 absolute absolute JJ 5180 407 5 number number NN 5180 407 6 of of IN 5180 407 7 Web web NN 5180 407 8 sites site NNS 5180 407 9 offering offer VBG 5180 407 10 free free JJ 5180 407 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 407 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 407 13 material material NN 5180 407 14 is be VBZ 5180 407 15 extremely extremely RB 5180 407 16 large large JJ 5180 407 17 , , , 5180 407 18 approximately approximately RB 5180 407 19 100,000 100,000 CD 5180 407 20 sites site NNS 5180 407 21 . . . 5180 408 1 4 4 LS 5180 408 2 . . . 5180 409 1 American American NNP 5180 409 2 Public Public NNP 5180 409 3 Libraries librarie VBZ 5180 409 4 The the DT 5180 409 5 more more JJR 5180 409 6 than than IN 5180 409 7 9,000 9,000 CD 5180 409 8 public public JJ 5180 409 9 libraries library NNS 5180 409 10 in in IN 5180 409 11 the the DT 5180 409 12 United United NNP 5180 409 13 States States NNP 5180 409 14 are be VBP 5180 409 15 typically typically RB 5180 409 16 funded fund VBN 5180 409 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 409 18 at at IN 5180 409 19 least least JJS 5180 409 20 in in IN 5180 409 21 large large JJ 5180 409 22 part part NN 5180 409 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 409 24 by by IN 5180 409 25 state state NN 5180 409 26 or or CC 5180 409 27 local local JJ 5180 409 28 governments government NNS 5180 409 29 . . . 5180 410 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 410 2 are be VBP 5180 410 3 frequently frequently RB 5180 410 4 overseen oversee VBN 5180 410 5 by by IN 5180 410 6 a a DT 5180 410 7 board board NN 5180 410 8 of of IN 5180 410 9 directors director NNS 5180 410 10 that that WDT 5180 410 11 is be VBZ 5180 410 12 either either CC 5180 410 13 elected elect VBN 5180 410 14 or or CC 5180 410 15 is be VBZ 5180 410 16 appointed appoint VBN 5180 410 17 by by IN 5180 410 18 an an DT 5180 410 19 elected elect VBN 5180 410 20 official official NN 5180 410 21 or or CC 5180 410 22 a a DT 5180 410 23 body body NN 5180 410 24 of of IN 5180 410 25 elected elect VBN 5180 410 26 officials official NNS 5180 410 27 . . . 5180 411 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 411 2 heard hear VBD 5180 411 3 testimony testimony NN 5180 411 4 from from IN 5180 411 5 librarians librarian NNS 5180 411 6 and and CC 5180 411 7 library library JJ 5180 411 8 board board NN 5180 411 9 members member NNS 5180 411 10 working work VBG 5180 411 11 in in IN 5180 411 12 eight eight CD 5180 411 13 public public JJ 5180 411 14 library library NN 5180 411 15 systems system NNS 5180 411 16 in in IN 5180 411 17 different different JJ 5180 411 18 communities community NNS 5180 411 19 across across IN 5180 411 20 the the DT 5180 411 21 country country NN 5180 411 22 , , , 5180 411 23 some some DT 5180 411 24 of of IN 5180 411 25 whom whom WP 5180 411 26 are be VBP 5180 411 27 also also RB 5180 411 28 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 411 29 in in IN 5180 411 30 this this DT 5180 411 31 case case NN 5180 411 32 . . . 5180 412 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 412 2 hailed hail VBD 5180 412 3 from from IN 5180 412 4 the the DT 5180 412 5 following follow VBG 5180 412 6 library library NN 5180 412 7 systems system NNS 5180 412 8 : : : 5180 412 9 Fort Fort NNP 5180 412 10 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 412 11 , , , 5180 412 12 Washington Washington NNP 5180 412 13 ; ; : 5180 412 14 Fulton Fulton NNP 5180 412 15 County County NNP 5180 412 16 , , , 5180 412 17 Indiana Indiana NNP 5180 412 18 ; ; : 5180 412 19 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 412 20 , , , 5180 412 21 South South NNP 5180 412 22 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 412 23 ; ; : 5180 412 24 a a DT 5180 412 25 regional regional JJ 5180 412 26 consortium consortium NN 5180 412 27 of of IN 5180 412 28 libraries library NNS 5180 412 29 centered center VBN 5180 412 30 in in IN 5180 412 31 Madison Madison NNP 5180 412 32 , , , 5180 412 33 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 5180 412 34 ; ; : 5180 412 35 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 412 36 County County NNP 5180 412 37 , , , 5180 412 38 Oregon Oregon NNP 5180 412 39 ; ; : 5180 412 40 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 5180 412 41 , , , 5180 412 42 Virginia Virginia NNP 5180 412 43 ; ; : 5180 412 44 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 412 45 , , , 5180 412 46 Washington Washington NNP 5180 412 47 ; ; : 5180 412 48 and and CC 5180 412 49 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 412 50 , , , 5180 412 51 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 412 52 . . . 5180 413 1 The the DT 5180 413 2 parties party NNS 5180 413 3 also also RB 5180 413 4 took take VBD 5180 413 5 depositions deposition NNS 5180 413 6 from from IN 5180 413 7 several several JJ 5180 413 8 other other JJ 5180 413 9 librarians librarian NNS 5180 413 10 and and CC 5180 413 11 library library JJ 5180 413 12 board board NN 5180 413 13 members member NNS 5180 413 14 who who WP 5180 413 15 did do VBD 5180 413 16 not not RB 5180 413 17 testify testify VB 5180 413 18 during during IN 5180 413 19 the the DT 5180 413 20 trial trial NN 5180 413 21 , , , 5180 413 22 and and CC 5180 413 23 submitted submit VBD 5180 413 24 a a DT 5180 413 25 number number NN 5180 413 26 of of IN 5180 413 27 other other JJ 5180 413 28 documents document NNS 5180 413 29 regarding regard VBG 5180 413 30 individual individual JJ 5180 413 31 libraries library NNS 5180 413 32 ' ' POS 5180 413 33 policies policy NNS 5180 413 34 . . . 5180 414 1 1 1 LS 5180 414 2 . . . 5180 415 1 The the DT 5180 415 2 Mission Mission NNP 5180 415 3 of of IN 5180 415 4 Public Public NNP 5180 415 5 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 415 6 , , , 5180 415 7 and and CC 5180 415 8 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 415 9 Reference Reference NNP 5180 415 10 and and CC 5180 415 11 Collection Collection NNP 5180 415 12 Development Development NNP 5180 415 13 Practices Practices NNPS 5180 415 14 American american JJ 5180 415 15 public public JJ 5180 415 16 libraries library NNS 5180 415 17 operate operate VBP 5180 415 18 in in IN 5180 415 19 a a DT 5180 415 20 wide wide JJ 5180 415 21 variety variety NN 5180 415 22 of of IN 5180 415 23 communities community NNS 5180 415 24 , , , 5180 415 25 and and CC 5180 415 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 415 27 is be VBZ 5180 415 28 not not RB 5180 415 29 surprising surprising JJ 5180 415 30 that that IN 5180 415 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 415 32 do do VBP 5180 415 33 not not RB 5180 415 34 all all RB 5180 415 35 view view VB 5180 415 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 415 37 mission mission NN 5180 415 38 identically identically RB 5180 415 39 . . . 5180 416 1 Nor nor CC 5180 416 2 are be VBP 5180 416 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 416 4 practices practice NNS 5180 416 5 uniform uniform JJ 5180 416 6 . . . 5180 417 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 5180 417 2 , , , 5180 417 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 417 4 generally generally RB 5180 417 5 share share VBP 5180 417 6 a a DT 5180 417 7 common common JJ 5180 417 8 mission mission NN 5180 417 9 – – : 5180 417 10 to to TO 5180 417 11 provide provide VB 5180 417 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 417 13 with with IN 5180 417 14 a a DT 5180 417 15 wide wide JJ 5180 417 16 range range NN 5180 417 17 of of IN 5180 417 18 information information NN 5180 417 19 and and CC 5180 417 20 ideas idea NNS 5180 417 21 . . . 5180 418 1 Public public JJ 5180 418 2 libraries library NNS 5180 418 3 across across IN 5180 418 4 the the DT 5180 418 5 country country NN 5180 418 6 have have VBP 5180 418 7 endorsed endorse VBN 5180 418 8 the the DT 5180 418 9 American American NNP 5180 418 10 Library Library NNP 5180 418 11 Association Association NNP 5180 418 12 's 's POS 5180 418 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 418 14 " " `` 5180 418 15 ALA ALA NNP 5180 418 16 " " '' 5180 418 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 418 18 " " `` 5180 418 19 Library Library NNP 5180 418 20 Bill Bill NNP 5180 418 21 of of IN 5180 418 22 Rights Rights NNPS 5180 418 23 " " '' 5180 418 24 and/or and/or CC 5180 418 25 " " `` 5180 418 26 Freedom freedom NN 5180 418 27 to to TO 5180 418 28 Read read VB 5180 418 29 Statement Statement NNP 5180 418 30 , , , 5180 418 31 " " '' 5180 418 32 including include VBG 5180 418 33 every every DT 5180 418 34 library library NN 5180 418 35 testifying testify VBG 5180 418 36 on on IN 5180 418 37 behalf behalf NN 5180 418 38 of of IN 5180 418 39 the the DT 5180 418 40 defendants defendant NNS 5180 418 41 in in IN 5180 418 42 this this DT 5180 418 43 case case NN 5180 418 44 . . . 5180 419 1 The the DT 5180 419 2 " " `` 5180 419 3 Library Library NNP 5180 419 4 Bill Bill NNP 5180 419 5 of of IN 5180 419 6 Rights Rights NNPS 5180 419 7 , , , 5180 419 8 " " '' 5180 419 9 first first RB 5180 419 10 adopted adopt VBN 5180 419 11 by by IN 5180 419 12 the the DT 5180 419 13 ALA ALA NNP 5180 419 14 in in IN 5180 419 15 1948 1948 CD 5180 419 16 , , , 5180 419 17 provides provide VBZ 5180 419 18 , , , 5180 419 19 among among IN 5180 419 20 other other JJ 5180 419 21 things thing NNS 5180 419 22 , , , 5180 419 23 that that IN 5180 419 24 " " `` 5180 419 25 [ [ -LRB- 5180 419 26 b]ooks b]ook NNS 5180 419 27 and and CC 5180 419 28 other other JJ 5180 419 29 library library JJ 5180 419 30 resources resource NNS 5180 419 31 should should MD 5180 419 32 be be VB 5180 419 33 provided provide VBN 5180 419 34 for for IN 5180 419 35 the the DT 5180 419 36 interest interest NN 5180 419 37 , , , 5180 419 38 information information NN 5180 419 39 , , , 5180 419 40 and and CC 5180 419 41 enlightenment enlightenment NN 5180 419 42 of of IN 5180 419 43 all all DT 5180 419 44 people people NNS 5180 419 45 of of IN 5180 419 46 the the DT 5180 419 47 community community NN 5180 419 48 the the DT 5180 419 49 library library NN 5180 419 50 serves serve VBZ 5180 419 51 . . . 5180 419 52 " " '' 5180 420 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 420 2 also also RB 5180 420 3 states state VBZ 5180 420 4 that that IN 5180 420 5 libraries library NNS 5180 420 6 " " `` 5180 420 7 should should MD 5180 420 8 provide provide VB 5180 420 9 materials material NNS 5180 420 10 and and CC 5180 420 11 information information NN 5180 420 12 presenting present VBG 5180 420 13 all all DT 5180 420 14 points point NNS 5180 420 15 of of IN 5180 420 16 view view NN 5180 420 17 on on IN 5180 420 18 current current JJ 5180 420 19 and and CC 5180 420 20 historical historical JJ 5180 420 21 issues issue NNS 5180 420 22 " " '' 5180 420 23 and and CC 5180 420 24 that that IN 5180 420 25 library library JJ 5180 420 26 materials material NNS 5180 420 27 " " `` 5180 420 28 should should MD 5180 420 29 not not RB 5180 420 30 be be VB 5180 420 31 proscribed proscribe VBN 5180 420 32 or or CC 5180 420 33 removed remove VBN 5180 420 34 because because RB 5180 420 35 of of IN 5180 420 36 partisan partisan JJ 5180 420 37 or or CC 5180 420 38 doctrinal doctrinal JJ 5180 420 39 disapproval disapproval NN 5180 420 40 . . . 5180 420 41 " " '' 5180 421 1 The the DT 5180 421 2 ALA ALA NNP 5180 421 3 's 's POS 5180 421 4 " " `` 5180 421 5 Freedom freedom NN 5180 421 6 to to TO 5180 421 7 Read read VB 5180 421 8 " " '' 5180 421 9 statement statement NN 5180 421 10 , , , 5180 421 11 adopted adopt VBN 5180 421 12 in in IN 5180 421 13 1953 1953 CD 5180 421 14 and and CC 5180 421 15 most most RBS 5180 421 16 recently recently RB 5180 421 17 updated update VBN 5180 421 18 in in IN 5180 421 19 July July NNP 5180 421 20 2000 2000 CD 5180 421 21 , , , 5180 421 22 states state NNS 5180 421 23 , , , 5180 421 24 among among IN 5180 421 25 other other JJ 5180 421 26 things thing NNS 5180 421 27 , , , 5180 421 28 that that IN 5180 421 29 " " `` 5180 421 30 [ [ -LRB- 5180 421 31 i]t i]t NN 5180 421 32 is be VBZ 5180 421 33 in in IN 5180 421 34 the the DT 5180 421 35 public public JJ 5180 421 36 interest interest NN 5180 421 37 for for IN 5180 421 38 publishers publisher NNS 5180 421 39 and and CC 5180 421 40 librarians librarian NNS 5180 421 41 to to TO 5180 421 42 make make VB 5180 421 43 available available JJ 5180 421 44 the the DT 5180 421 45 widest wide JJS 5180 421 46 diversity diversity NN 5180 421 47 of of IN 5180 421 48 views view NNS 5180 421 49 and and CC 5180 421 50 expressions expression NNS 5180 421 51 , , , 5180 421 52 including include VBG 5180 421 53 those those DT 5180 421 54 that that WDT 5180 421 55 are be VBP 5180 421 56 unorthodox unorthodox JJ 5180 421 57 or or CC 5180 421 58 unpopular unpopular JJ 5180 421 59 with with IN 5180 421 60 the the DT 5180 421 61 majority majority NN 5180 421 62 . . . 5180 421 63 " " '' 5180 422 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 422 2 also also RB 5180 422 3 states state VBZ 5180 422 4 that that IN 5180 422 5 " " `` 5180 422 6 [ [ -LRB- 5180 422 7 i]t i]t NN 5180 422 8 is be VBZ 5180 422 9 the the DT 5180 422 10 responsibility responsibility NN 5180 422 11 of of IN 5180 422 12 . . . 5180 423 1 . . . 5180 424 1 . . . 5180 425 1 librarians librarian NNS 5180 425 2 . . . 5180 426 1 . . . 5180 427 1 . . . 5180 428 1 to to TO 5180 428 2 contest contest VB 5180 428 3 encroachments encroachment NNS 5180 428 4 upon upon IN 5180 428 5 th[e th[e NNP 5180 428 6 ] ] -RRB- 5180 428 7 freedom freedom NN 5180 428 8 [ [ -LRB- 5180 428 9 to to TO 5180 428 10 read read VB 5180 428 11 ] ] -RRB- 5180 428 12 by by IN 5180 428 13 individuals individual NNS 5180 428 14 or or CC 5180 428 15 groups group NNS 5180 428 16 seeking seek VBG 5180 428 17 to to TO 5180 428 18 impose impose VB 5180 428 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 428 20 own own JJ 5180 428 21 standards standard NNS 5180 428 22 or or CC 5180 428 23 tastes taste NNS 5180 428 24 upon upon IN 5180 428 25 the the DT 5180 428 26 community community NN 5180 428 27 at at IN 5180 428 28 large large JJ 5180 428 29 . . . 5180 428 30 " " '' 5180 429 1 Public public JJ 5180 429 2 libraries library NNS 5180 429 3 provide provide VBP 5180 429 4 information information NN 5180 429 5 not not RB 5180 429 6 only only RB 5180 429 7 for for IN 5180 429 8 educational educational JJ 5180 429 9 purposes purpose NNS 5180 429 10 , , , 5180 429 11 but but CC 5180 429 12 also also RB 5180 429 13 for for IN 5180 429 14 recreational recreational JJ 5180 429 15 , , , 5180 429 16 professional professional JJ 5180 429 17 , , , 5180 429 18 and and CC 5180 429 19 other other JJ 5180 429 20 purposes purpose NNS 5180 429 21 . . . 5180 430 1 For for IN 5180 430 2 example example NN 5180 430 3 , , , 5180 430 4 Ginnie Ginnie NNP 5180 430 5 Cooper Cooper NNP 5180 430 6 , , , 5180 430 7 Director Director NNP 5180 430 8 of of IN 5180 430 9 the the DT 5180 430 10 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 430 11 County County NNP 5180 430 12 Library Library NNP 5180 430 13 , , , 5180 430 14 testified testify VBD 5180 430 15 that that IN 5180 430 16 some some DT 5180 430 17 of of IN 5180 430 18 the the DT 5180 430 19 library library NN 5180 430 20 's 's POS 5180 430 21 most most RBS 5180 430 22 popular popular JJ 5180 430 23 items item NNS 5180 430 24 include include VBP 5180 430 25 video video NN 5180 430 26 tapes tape NNS 5180 430 27 of of IN 5180 430 28 the the DT 5180 430 29 British British NNP 5180 430 30 Broadcasting Broadcasting NNP 5180 430 31 Corporation Corporation NNP 5180 430 32 's 's POS 5180 430 33 " " `` 5180 430 34 Fawlty Fawlty NNP 5180 430 35 Towers Towers NNP 5180 430 36 " " '' 5180 430 37 series series NN 5180 430 38 , , , 5180 430 39 and and CC 5180 430 40 also also RB 5180 430 41 print print VB 5180 430 42 and and CC 5180 430 43 " " `` 5180 430 44 books book NNS 5180 430 45 on on IN 5180 430 46 tape tape NN 5180 430 47 " " '' 5180 430 48 versions version NNS 5180 430 49 of of IN 5180 430 50 science science NN 5180 430 51 fiction fiction NN 5180 430 52 , , , 5180 430 53 romance romance NN 5180 430 54 , , , 5180 430 55 and and CC 5180 430 56 mystery mystery NN 5180 430 57 novels novel NNS 5180 430 58 . . . 5180 431 1 Many many JJ 5180 431 2 public public JJ 5180 431 3 libraries library NNS 5180 431 4 include include VBP 5180 431 5 sexually sexually RB 5180 431 6 explicit explicit JJ 5180 431 7 materials material NNS 5180 431 8 in in IN 5180 431 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 431 10 print print NN 5180 431 11 collection collection NN 5180 431 12 , , , 5180 431 13 such such JJ 5180 431 14 as as IN 5180 431 15 The the DT 5180 431 16 Joy Joy NNP 5180 431 17 of of IN 5180 431 18 Sex Sex NNP 5180 431 19 and and CC 5180 431 20 The the DT 5180 431 21 Joy Joy NNP 5180 431 22 of of IN 5180 431 23 Gay Gay NNP 5180 431 24 Sex Sex NNP 5180 431 25 . . . 5180 432 1 Very very RB 5180 432 2 few few JJ 5180 432 3 public public JJ 5180 432 4 libraries library NNS 5180 432 5 , , , 5180 432 6 however however RB 5180 432 7 , , , 5180 432 8 collect collect VB 5180 432 9 more more RBR 5180 432 10 graphic graphic JJ 5180 432 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 432 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 432 13 materials material NNS 5180 432 14 , , , 5180 432 15 such such JJ 5180 432 16 as as IN 5180 432 17 XXX XXX NNP 5180 432 18 - - HYPH 5180 432 19 rated rate VBN 5180 432 20 videos video NNS 5180 432 21 , , , 5180 432 22 or or CC 5180 432 23 Hustler Hustler NNP 5180 432 24 magazine magazine NN 5180 432 25 . . . 5180 433 1 The the DT 5180 433 2 mission mission NN 5180 433 3 of of IN 5180 433 4 public public JJ 5180 433 5 librarians librarian NNS 5180 433 6 is be VBZ 5180 433 7 to to TO 5180 433 8 provide provide VB 5180 433 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 433 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 433 11 with with IN 5180 433 12 a a DT 5180 433 13 wide wide JJ 5180 433 14 array array NN 5180 433 15 of of IN 5180 433 16 information information NN 5180 433 17 , , , 5180 433 18 and and CC 5180 433 19 they -PRON- PRP 5180 433 20 surely surely RB 5180 433 21 do do VBP 5180 433 22 so so RB 5180 433 23 . . . 5180 434 1 Reference reference NN 5180 434 2 librarians librarian NNS 5180 434 3 across across IN 5180 434 4 America America NNP 5180 434 5 answer answer VBP 5180 434 6 more more JJR 5180 434 7 than than IN 5180 434 8 7 7 CD 5180 434 9 million million CD 5180 434 10 questions question NNS 5180 434 11 weekly weekly JJ 5180 434 12 . . . 5180 435 1 If if IN 5180 435 2 a a DT 5180 435 3 patron patron NN 5180 435 4 has have VBZ 5180 435 5 a a DT 5180 435 6 specialized specialized JJ 5180 435 7 need need NN 5180 435 8 for for IN 5180 435 9 information information NN 5180 435 10 not not RB 5180 435 11 available available JJ 5180 435 12 in in IN 5180 435 13 the the DT 5180 435 14 public public JJ 5180 435 15 library library NN 5180 435 16 , , , 5180 435 17 the the DT 5180 435 18 professional professional JJ 5180 435 19 librarian librarian NN 5180 435 20 will will MD 5180 435 21 use use VB 5180 435 22 a a DT 5180 435 23 reference reference NN 5180 435 24 interview interview NN 5180 435 25 to to TO 5180 435 26 find find VB 5180 435 27 out out RP 5180 435 28 what what WP 5180 435 29 information information NN 5180 435 30 is be VBZ 5180 435 31 needed need VBN 5180 435 32 to to TO 5180 435 33 help help VB 5180 435 34 the the DT 5180 435 35 user user NN 5180 435 36 , , , 5180 435 37 including include VBG 5180 435 38 the the DT 5180 435 39 purpose purpose NN 5180 435 40 for for IN 5180 435 41 which which WDT 5180 435 42 an an DT 5180 435 43 item item NN 5180 435 44 will will MD 5180 435 45 be be VB 5180 435 46 used use VBN 5180 435 47 . . . 5180 436 1 Reference reference NN 5180 436 2 librarians librarian NNS 5180 436 3 are be VBP 5180 436 4 trained train VBN 5180 436 5 to to TO 5180 436 6 assist assist VB 5180 436 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 436 8 without without IN 5180 436 9 judging judge VBG 5180 436 10 the the DT 5180 436 11 patron patron NN 5180 436 12 's 's POS 5180 436 13 purpose purpose NN 5180 436 14 in in IN 5180 436 15 seeking seek VBG 5180 436 16 information information NN 5180 436 17 , , , 5180 436 18 or or CC 5180 436 19 the the DT 5180 436 20 content content NN 5180 436 21 of of IN 5180 436 22 the the DT 5180 436 23 information information NN 5180 436 24 that that WDT 5180 436 25 the the DT 5180 436 26 patron patron NN 5180 436 27 is be VBZ 5180 436 28 seeking seek VBG 5180 436 29 . . . 5180 437 1 Many many JJ 5180 437 2 public public JJ 5180 437 3 libraries library NNS 5180 437 4 routinely routinely RB 5180 437 5 provide provide VBP 5180 437 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 437 7 with with IN 5180 437 8 access access NN 5180 437 9 to to IN 5180 437 10 materials material NNS 5180 437 11 not not RB 5180 437 12 in in IN 5180 437 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 437 14 collections collection NNS 5180 437 15 through through IN 5180 437 16 the the DT 5180 437 17 use use NN 5180 437 18 of of IN 5180 437 19 bibliographic bibliographic JJ 5180 437 20 access access NN 5180 437 21 tools tool NNS 5180 437 22 and and CC 5180 437 23 interlibrary interlibrary JJ 5180 437 24 loan loan NN 5180 437 25 programs program NNS 5180 437 26 . . . 5180 438 1 Public public JJ 5180 438 2 libraries library NNS 5180 438 3 typically typically RB 5180 438 4 will will MD 5180 438 5 assist assist VB 5180 438 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 438 7 in in IN 5180 438 8 obtaining obtain VBG 5180 438 9 access access NN 5180 438 10 to to IN 5180 438 11 all all DT 5180 438 12 materials material NNS 5180 438 13 except except IN 5180 438 14 those those DT 5180 438 15 that that WDT 5180 438 16 are be VBP 5180 438 17 illegal illegal JJ 5180 438 18 , , , 5180 438 19 even even RB 5180 438 20 if if IN 5180 438 21 they -PRON- PRP 5180 438 22 do do VBP 5180 438 23 not not RB 5180 438 24 collect collect VB 5180 438 25 those those DT 5180 438 26 materials material NNS 5180 438 27 in in IN 5180 438 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 438 29 physical physical JJ 5180 438 30 collection collection NN 5180 438 31 . . . 5180 439 1 In in IN 5180 439 2 order order NN 5180 439 3 to to TO 5180 439 4 provide provide VB 5180 439 5 this this DT 5180 439 6 access access NN 5180 439 7 , , , 5180 439 8 a a DT 5180 439 9 librarian librarian NN 5180 439 10 may may MD 5180 439 11 attempt attempt VB 5180 439 12 to to TO 5180 439 13 find find VB 5180 439 14 material material NN 5180 439 15 not not RB 5180 439 16 included include VBN 5180 439 17 in in IN 5180 439 18 the the DT 5180 439 19 library library NN 5180 439 20 's 's POS 5180 439 21 own own JJ 5180 439 22 collection collection NN 5180 439 23 in in IN 5180 439 24 other other JJ 5180 439 25 libraries library NNS 5180 439 26 in in IN 5180 439 27 the the DT 5180 439 28 system system NN 5180 439 29 , , , 5180 439 30 through through IN 5180 439 31 interlibrary interlibrary JJ 5180 439 32 loan loan NN 5180 439 33 , , , 5180 439 34 or or CC 5180 439 35 through through IN 5180 439 36 a a DT 5180 439 37 referral referral NN 5180 439 38 , , , 5180 439 39 perhaps perhaps RB 5180 439 40 to to IN 5180 439 41 a a DT 5180 439 42 government government NN 5180 439 43 agency agency NN 5180 439 44 or or CC 5180 439 45 a a DT 5180 439 46 commercial commercial JJ 5180 439 47 bookstore bookstore NN 5180 439 48 . . . 5180 440 1 Interlibrary interlibrary JJ 5180 440 2 loan loan NN 5180 440 3 is be VBZ 5180 440 4 expensive expensive JJ 5180 440 5 , , , 5180 440 6 however however RB 5180 440 7 , , , 5180 440 8 and and CC 5180 440 9 is be VBZ 5180 440 10 therefore therefore RB 5180 440 11 used use VBN 5180 440 12 infrequently infrequently RB 5180 440 13 . . . 5180 441 1 Public public JJ 5180 441 2 librarians librarian NNS 5180 441 3 also also RB 5180 441 4 apply apply VBP 5180 441 5 professional professional JJ 5180 441 6 standards standard NNS 5180 441 7 to to IN 5180 441 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 441 9 collection collection NN 5180 441 10 development development NN 5180 441 11 practices practice NNS 5180 441 12 . . . 5180 442 1 Public public JJ 5180 442 2 libraries library NNS 5180 442 3 generally generally RB 5180 442 4 make make VBP 5180 442 5 material material NN 5180 442 6 selection selection NN 5180 442 7 decisions decision NNS 5180 442 8 and and CC 5180 442 9 frame frame NN 5180 442 10 policies policy NNS 5180 442 11 governing govern VBG 5180 442 12 collection collection NN 5180 442 13 development development NN 5180 442 14 at at IN 5180 442 15 the the DT 5180 442 16 local local JJ 5180 442 17 level level NN 5180 442 18 . . . 5180 443 1 Collection collection NN 5180 443 2 development development NN 5180 443 3 is be VBZ 5180 443 4 a a DT 5180 443 5 key key JJ 5180 443 6 subject subject NN 5180 443 7 in in IN 5180 443 8 the the DT 5180 443 9 curricula curriculum NNS 5180 443 10 of of IN 5180 443 11 Masters Masters NNP 5180 443 12 of of IN 5180 443 13 Library Library NNP 5180 443 14 Science Science NNP 5180 443 15 programs program NNS 5180 443 16 and and CC 5180 443 17 is be VBZ 5180 443 18 defined define VBN 5180 443 19 by by IN 5180 443 20 certain certain JJ 5180 443 21 practices practice NNS 5180 443 22 . . . 5180 444 1 In in IN 5180 444 2 general general JJ 5180 444 3 , , , 5180 444 4 professional professional JJ 5180 444 5 standards standard NNS 5180 444 6 guide guide VBP 5180 444 7 public public JJ 5180 444 8 librarians librarian NNS 5180 444 9 to to TO 5180 444 10 build build VB 5180 444 11 , , , 5180 444 12 develop develop VB 5180 444 13 and and CC 5180 444 14 create create VB 5180 444 15 collections collection NNS 5180 444 16 that that WDT 5180 444 17 have have VBP 5180 444 18 certain certain JJ 5180 444 19 characteristics characteristic NNS 5180 444 20 , , , 5180 444 21 such such JJ 5180 444 22 as as IN 5180 444 23 balance balance NN 5180 444 24 in in IN 5180 444 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 444 26 coverage coverage NN 5180 444 27 and and CC 5180 444 28 requisite requisite JJ 5180 444 29 and and CC 5180 444 30 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 444 31 quality quality NN 5180 444 32 . . . 5180 445 1 To to IN 5180 445 2 this this DT 5180 445 3 end end NN 5180 445 4 , , , 5180 445 5 the the DT 5180 445 6 goal goal NN 5180 445 7 of of IN 5180 445 8 library library NN 5180 445 9 collections collection NNS 5180 445 10 is be VBZ 5180 445 11 not not RB 5180 445 12 universal universal JJ 5180 445 13 coverage coverage NN 5180 445 14 , , , 5180 445 15 but but CC 5180 445 16 rather rather RB 5180 445 17 to to TO 5180 445 18 find find VB 5180 445 19 those those DT 5180 445 20 materials material NNS 5180 445 21 that that WDT 5180 445 22 would would MD 5180 445 23 be be VB 5180 445 24 of of IN 5180 445 25 the the DT 5180 445 26 greatest great JJS 5180 445 27 direct direct JJ 5180 445 28 benefit benefit NN 5180 445 29 or or CC 5180 445 30 interest interest NN 5180 445 31 to to IN 5180 445 32 the the DT 5180 445 33 community community NN 5180 445 34 . . . 5180 446 1 In in IN 5180 446 2 making make VBG 5180 446 3 selection selection NN 5180 446 4 decisions decision NNS 5180 446 5 , , , 5180 446 6 librarians librarian NNS 5180 446 7 consider consider VBP 5180 446 8 criteria criterion NNS 5180 446 9 including include VBG 5180 446 10 the the DT 5180 446 11 content content NN 5180 446 12 of of IN 5180 446 13 the the DT 5180 446 14 material material NN 5180 446 15 , , , 5180 446 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 446 17 accuracy accuracy NN 5180 446 18 , , , 5180 446 19 the the DT 5180 446 20 title title NN 5180 446 21 's 's POS 5180 446 22 niche niche NN 5180 446 23 in in IN 5180 446 24 relation relation NN 5180 446 25 to to IN 5180 446 26 the the DT 5180 446 27 rest rest NN 5180 446 28 of of IN 5180 446 29 the the DT 5180 446 30 collection collection NN 5180 446 31 , , , 5180 446 32 the the DT 5180 446 33 authority authority NN 5180 446 34 of of IN 5180 446 35 the the DT 5180 446 36 author author NN 5180 446 37 , , , 5180 446 38 the the DT 5180 446 39 publisher publisher NN 5180 446 40 , , , 5180 446 41 the the DT 5180 446 42 work work NN 5180 446 43 's 's POS 5180 446 44 presentation presentation NN 5180 446 45 , , , 5180 446 46 and and CC 5180 446 47 how how WRB 5180 446 48 it -PRON- PRP 5180 446 49 compares compare VBZ 5180 446 50 with with IN 5180 446 51 other other JJ 5180 446 52 material material NN 5180 446 53 available available JJ 5180 446 54 in in IN 5180 446 55 the the DT 5180 446 56 same same JJ 5180 446 57 genre genre NN 5180 446 58 or or CC 5180 446 59 on on IN 5180 446 60 the the DT 5180 446 61 same same JJ 5180 446 62 subject subject NN 5180 446 63 . . . 5180 447 1 In in IN 5180 447 2 pursuing pursue VBG 5180 447 3 the the DT 5180 447 4 goal goal NN 5180 447 5 of of IN 5180 447 6 achieving achieve VBG 5180 447 7 a a DT 5180 447 8 balanced balanced JJ 5180 447 9 collection collection NN 5180 447 10 that that WDT 5180 447 11 serves serve VBZ 5180 447 12 the the DT 5180 447 13 needs need NNS 5180 447 14 and and CC 5180 447 15 interests interest NNS 5180 447 16 of of IN 5180 447 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 447 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 447 19 , , , 5180 447 20 librarians librarian NNS 5180 447 21 generally generally RB 5180 447 22 have have VBP 5180 447 23 a a DT 5180 447 24 fair fair JJ 5180 447 25 amount amount NN 5180 447 26 of of IN 5180 447 27 autonomy autonomy NN 5180 447 28 , , , 5180 447 29 but but CC 5180 447 30 may may MD 5180 447 31 also also RB 5180 447 32 be be VB 5180 447 33 guided guide VBN 5180 447 34 by by IN 5180 447 35 a a DT 5180 447 36 library library NN 5180 447 37 's 's POS 5180 447 38 collection collection NN 5180 447 39 development development NN 5180 447 40 policy policy NN 5180 447 41 . . . 5180 448 1 These these DT 5180 448 2 collection collection NN 5180 448 3 development development NN 5180 448 4 policies policy NNS 5180 448 5 are be VBP 5180 448 6 often often RB 5180 448 7 drawn draw VBN 5180 448 8 up up RP 5180 448 9 in in IN 5180 448 10 conjunction conjunction NN 5180 448 11 with with IN 5180 448 12 the the DT 5180 448 13 libraries library NNS 5180 448 14 ' ' POS 5180 448 15 governing governing NN 5180 448 16 boards board NNS 5180 448 17 and and CC 5180 448 18 with with IN 5180 448 19 representatives representative NNS 5180 448 20 from from IN 5180 448 21 the the DT 5180 448 22 community community NN 5180 448 23 , , , 5180 448 24 and and CC 5180 448 25 may may MD 5180 448 26 be be VB 5180 448 27 the the DT 5180 448 28 result result NN 5180 448 29 of of IN 5180 448 30 public public JJ 5180 448 31 hearings hearing NNS 5180 448 32 , , , 5180 448 33 discussions discussion NNS 5180 448 34 and and CC 5180 448 35 other other JJ 5180 448 36 input input NN 5180 448 37 . . . 5180 449 1 Although although IN 5180 449 2 many many JJ 5180 449 3 librarians librarian NNS 5180 449 4 use use VBP 5180 449 5 selection selection NN 5180 449 6 aids aid NNS 5180 449 7 , , , 5180 449 8 such such JJ 5180 449 9 as as IN 5180 449 10 review review NN 5180 449 11 journals journal NNS 5180 449 12 and and CC 5180 449 13 bibliographies bibliography NNS 5180 449 14 , , , 5180 449 15 as as IN 5180 449 16 a a DT 5180 449 17 guide guide NN 5180 449 18 to to IN 5180 449 19 the the DT 5180 449 20 quality quality NN 5180 449 21 of of IN 5180 449 22 potential potential JJ 5180 449 23 acquisitions acquisition NNS 5180 449 24 , , , 5180 449 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 449 26 do do VBP 5180 449 27 not not RB 5180 449 28 generally generally RB 5180 449 29 delegate delegate VB 5180 449 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 449 31 selection selection NN 5180 449 32 decisions decision NNS 5180 449 33 to to IN 5180 449 34 parties party NNS 5180 449 35 outside outside IN 5180 449 36 of of IN 5180 449 37 the the DT 5180 449 38 public public JJ 5180 449 39 library library NN 5180 449 40 or or CC 5180 449 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 449 42 governing govern VBG 5180 449 43 body body NN 5180 449 44 . . . 5180 450 1 One one CD 5180 450 2 limited limited JJ 5180 450 3 exception exception NN 5180 450 4 is be VBZ 5180 450 5 the the DT 5180 450 6 use use NN 5180 450 7 of of IN 5180 450 8 third- third- JJ 5180 450 9 party party NN 5180 450 10 vendors vendor NNS 5180 450 11 or or CC 5180 450 12 approval approval NN 5180 450 13 plans plan NNS 5180 450 14 to to TO 5180 450 15 acquire acquire VB 5180 450 16 print print NN 5180 450 17 and and CC 5180 450 18 video video NN 5180 450 19 resources resource NNS 5180 450 20 . . . 5180 451 1 In in IN 5180 451 2 such such JJ 5180 451 3 arrangements arrangement NNS 5180 451 4 , , , 5180 451 5 third third JJ 5180 451 6 - - HYPH 5180 451 7 party party NN 5180 451 8 vendors vendor NNS 5180 451 9 provide provide VBP 5180 451 10 materials material NNS 5180 451 11 based base VBN 5180 451 12 on on IN 5180 451 13 the the DT 5180 451 14 library library NN 5180 451 15 's 's POS 5180 451 16 description description NN 5180 451 17 of of IN 5180 451 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 451 19 collection collection NN 5180 451 20 development development NN 5180 451 21 criteria criterion NNS 5180 451 22 . . . 5180 452 1 The the DT 5180 452 2 vendor vendor NN 5180 452 3 sends send VBZ 5180 452 4 materials material NNS 5180 452 5 to to IN 5180 452 6 the the DT 5180 452 7 library library NN 5180 452 8 , , , 5180 452 9 and and CC 5180 452 10 the the DT 5180 452 11 library library NN 5180 452 12 retains retain VBZ 5180 452 13 the the DT 5180 452 14 materials material NNS 5180 452 15 that that WDT 5180 452 16 meet meet VBP 5180 452 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 452 18 collection collection NN 5180 452 19 development development NN 5180 452 20 needs need VBZ 5180 452 21 and and CC 5180 452 22 returns return VBZ 5180 452 23 the the DT 5180 452 24 materials material NNS 5180 452 25 that that WDT 5180 452 26 do do VBP 5180 452 27 not not RB 5180 452 28 . . . 5180 453 1 Even even RB 5180 453 2 in in IN 5180 453 3 this this DT 5180 453 4 arrangement arrangement NN 5180 453 5 , , , 5180 453 6 however however RB 5180 453 7 , , , 5180 453 8 the the DT 5180 453 9 librarians librarian NNS 5180 453 10 still still RB 5180 453 11 retain retain VBP 5180 453 12 ultimate ultimate JJ 5180 453 13 control control NN 5180 453 14 over over IN 5180 453 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 453 16 collection collection NN 5180 453 17 development development NN 5180 453 18 and and CC 5180 453 19 review review VB 5180 453 20 all all DT 5180 453 21 of of IN 5180 453 22 the the DT 5180 453 23 materials material NNS 5180 453 24 that that WDT 5180 453 25 enter enter VBP 5180 453 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 453 27 library library NN 5180 453 28 's 's POS 5180 453 29 collection collection NN 5180 453 30 . . . 5180 454 1 2 2 LS 5180 454 2 . . . 5180 455 1 The the DT 5180 455 2 Internet internet NN 5180 455 3 in in IN 5180 455 4 Public public JJ 5180 455 5 Libraries library NNS 5180 455 6 The the DT 5180 455 7 vast vast JJ 5180 455 8 majority majority NN 5180 455 9 of of IN 5180 455 10 public public JJ 5180 455 11 libraries library NNS 5180 455 12 offer offer VBP 5180 455 13 Internet internet NN 5180 455 14 access access NN 5180 455 15 to to IN 5180 455 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 455 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 455 18 . . . 5180 456 1 According accord VBG 5180 456 2 to to IN 5180 456 3 a a DT 5180 456 4 recent recent JJ 5180 456 5 report report NN 5180 456 6 by by IN 5180 456 7 the the DT 5180 456 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 456 9 National National NNP 5180 456 10 Commission Commission NNP 5180 456 11 on on IN 5180 456 12 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 456 13 and and CC 5180 456 14 Information Information NNP 5180 456 15 Science Science NNP 5180 456 16 , , , 5180 456 17 approximately approximately RB 5180 456 18 95 95 CD 5180 456 19 % % NN 5180 456 20 of of IN 5180 456 21 all all DT 5180 456 22 public public JJ 5180 456 23 libraries library NNS 5180 456 24 provide provide VBP 5180 456 25 public public JJ 5180 456 26 access access NN 5180 456 27 to to IN 5180 456 28 the the DT 5180 456 29 Internet internet NN 5180 456 30 . . . 5180 457 1 John John NNP 5180 457 2 C. C. NNP 5180 457 3 Bertot Bertot NNP 5180 457 4 & & CC 5180 457 5 Charles Charles NNP 5180 457 6 R. R. NNP 5180 457 7 McClure McClure NNP 5180 457 8 , , , 5180 457 9 Public Public NNP 5180 457 10 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 457 11 and and CC 5180 457 12 the the DT 5180 457 13 Internet internet NN 5180 457 14 2000 2000 CD 5180 457 15 : : : 5180 457 16 Summary Summary NNP 5180 457 17 Findings Findings NNPS 5180 457 18 and and CC 5180 457 19 Data Data NNPS 5180 457 20 Tables Tables NNPS 5180 457 21 , , , 5180 457 22 Report Report NNP 5180 457 23 to to IN 5180 457 24 National National NNP 5180 457 25 Commission Commission NNP 5180 457 26 on on IN 5180 457 27 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 457 28 and and CC 5180 457 29 Information Information NNP 5180 457 30 Science Science NNP 5180 457 31 , , , 5180 457 32 at at IN 5180 457 33 3 3 CD 5180 457 34 . . . 5180 458 1 The the DT 5180 458 2 Internet internet NN 5180 458 3 vastly vastly RB 5180 458 4 expands expand VBZ 5180 458 5 the the DT 5180 458 6 amount amount NN 5180 458 7 of of IN 5180 458 8 information information NN 5180 458 9 available available JJ 5180 458 10 to to IN 5180 458 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 458 12 of of IN 5180 458 13 public public JJ 5180 458 14 libraries library NNS 5180 458 15 . . . 5180 459 1 The the DT 5180 459 2 widespread widespread JJ 5180 459 3 availability availability NN 5180 459 4 of of IN 5180 459 5 Internet internet NN 5180 459 6 access access NN 5180 459 7 in in IN 5180 459 8 public public JJ 5180 459 9 libraries library NNS 5180 459 10 is be VBZ 5180 459 11 due due JJ 5180 459 12 , , , 5180 459 13 in in IN 5180 459 14 part part NN 5180 459 15 , , , 5180 459 16 to to IN 5180 459 17 the the DT 5180 459 18 availability availability NN 5180 459 19 of of IN 5180 459 20 public public JJ 5180 459 21 funding funding NN 5180 459 22 , , , 5180 459 23 including include VBG 5180 459 24 state state NN 5180 459 25 and and CC 5180 459 26 local local JJ 5180 459 27 funding funding NN 5180 459 28 and and CC 5180 459 29 the the DT 5180 459 30 federal federal JJ 5180 459 31 funding funding NN 5180 459 32 programs program NNS 5180 459 33 regulated regulate VBN 5180 459 34 by by IN 5180 459 35 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 459 36 . . . 5180 460 1 Many many JJ 5180 460 2 libraries library NNS 5180 460 3 face face VBP 5180 460 4 a a DT 5180 460 5 large large JJ 5180 460 6 amount amount NN 5180 460 7 of of IN 5180 460 8 patron patron NN 5180 460 9 demand demand NN 5180 460 10 for for IN 5180 460 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 460 12 Internet internet NN 5180 460 13 services service NNS 5180 460 14 . . . 5180 461 1 At at IN 5180 461 2 some some DT 5180 461 3 libraries library NNS 5180 461 4 , , , 5180 461 5 patron patron NN 5180 461 6 demand demand NN 5180 461 7 for for IN 5180 461 8 Internet internet NN 5180 461 9 access access NN 5180 461 10 during during IN 5180 461 11 a a DT 5180 461 12 given give VBN 5180 461 13 day day NN 5180 461 14 exceeds exceed VBZ 5180 461 15 the the DT 5180 461 16 supply supply NN 5180 461 17 of of IN 5180 461 18 computer computer NN 5180 461 19 terminals terminal NNS 5180 461 20 with with IN 5180 461 21 access access NN 5180 461 22 to to IN 5180 461 23 the the DT 5180 461 24 Internet internet NN 5180 461 25 . . . 5180 462 1 These these DT 5180 462 2 libraries library NNS 5180 462 3 use use VBP 5180 462 4 sign- sign- JJ 5180 462 5 in in IN 5180 462 6 and and CC 5180 462 7 time time NN 5180 462 8 limit limit NN 5180 462 9 procedures procedure NNS 5180 462 10 and/or and/or CC 5180 462 11 establish establish VB 5180 462 12 rules rule NNS 5180 462 13 regarding regard VBG 5180 462 14 the the DT 5180 462 15 allowable allowable JJ 5180 462 16 uses use NNS 5180 462 17 of of IN 5180 462 18 the the DT 5180 462 19 terminals terminal NNS 5180 462 20 , , , 5180 462 21 in in IN 5180 462 22 an an DT 5180 462 23 effort effort NN 5180 462 24 to to TO 5180 462 25 ration ration VB 5180 462 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 462 27 computer computer NN 5180 462 28 resources resource NNS 5180 462 29 . . . 5180 463 1 For for IN 5180 463 2 example example NN 5180 463 3 , , , 5180 463 4 some some DT 5180 463 5 of of IN 5180 463 6 the the DT 5180 463 7 libraries library NNS 5180 463 8 whose whose WP$ 5180 463 9 librarians librarian NNS 5180 463 10 testified testify VBD 5180 463 11 at at IN 5180 463 12 trial trial NN 5180 463 13 prohibit prohibit NN 5180 463 14 the the DT 5180 463 15 use use NN 5180 463 16 of of IN 5180 463 17 email email NN 5180 463 18 and and CC 5180 463 19 chat chat VB 5180 463 20 functions function NNS 5180 463 21 on on IN 5180 463 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 463 23 public public JJ 5180 463 24 Internet internet NN 5180 463 25 terminals terminal NNS 5180 463 26 . . . 5180 464 1 Public public JJ 5180 464 2 libraries library NNS 5180 464 3 play play VBP 5180 464 4 an an DT 5180 464 5 important important JJ 5180 464 6 role role NN 5180 464 7 in in IN 5180 464 8 providing provide VBG 5180 464 9 Internet internet NN 5180 464 10 access access NN 5180 464 11 to to IN 5180 464 12 citizens citizen NNS 5180 464 13 who who WP 5180 464 14 would would MD 5180 464 15 not not RB 5180 464 16 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 464 17 possess possess VB 5180 464 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 464 19 . . . 5180 465 1 Of of IN 5180 465 2 the the DT 5180 465 3 143 143 CD 5180 465 4 million million CD 5180 465 5 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 465 6 using use VBG 5180 465 7 the the DT 5180 465 8 Internet internet NN 5180 465 9 , , , 5180 465 10 approximately approximately RB 5180 465 11 10 10 CD 5180 465 12 % % NN 5180 465 13 , , , 5180 465 14 or or CC 5180 465 15 14.3 14.3 CD 5180 465 16 million million CD 5180 465 17 people people NNS 5180 465 18 , , , 5180 465 19 access access VB 5180 465 20 the the DT 5180 465 21 Internet internet NN 5180 465 22 at at IN 5180 465 23 a a DT 5180 465 24 public public JJ 5180 465 25 library library NN 5180 465 26 . . . 5180 466 1 Internet internet NN 5180 466 2 access access NN 5180 466 3 at at IN 5180 466 4 public public JJ 5180 466 5 libraries library NNS 5180 466 6 is be VBZ 5180 466 7 more more RBR 5180 466 8 often often RB 5180 466 9 used use VBN 5180 466 10 by by IN 5180 466 11 those those DT 5180 466 12 with with IN 5180 466 13 lower low JJR 5180 466 14 incomes income NNS 5180 466 15 than than IN 5180 466 16 those those DT 5180 466 17 with with IN 5180 466 18 higher high JJR 5180 466 19 incomes income NNS 5180 466 20 . . . 5180 467 1 About about IN 5180 467 2 20.3 20.3 CD 5180 467 3 % % NN 5180 467 4 of of IN 5180 467 5 Internet internet NN 5180 467 6 users user NNS 5180 467 7 with with IN 5180 467 8 household household NN 5180 467 9 family family NN 5180 467 10 income income NN 5180 467 11 of of IN 5180 467 12 less less JJR 5180 467 13 than than IN 5180 467 14 $ $ $ 5180 467 15 15,000 15,000 CD 5180 467 16 per per IN 5180 467 17 year year NN 5180 467 18 use use VBP 5180 467 19 public public JJ 5180 467 20 libraries library NNS 5180 467 21 for for IN 5180 467 22 Internet internet NN 5180 467 23 access access NN 5180 467 24 . . . 5180 468 1 Approximately approximately RB 5180 468 2 70 70 CD 5180 468 3 % % NN 5180 468 4 of of IN 5180 468 5 libraries library NNS 5180 468 6 serving serve VBG 5180 468 7 communities community NNS 5180 468 8 with with IN 5180 468 9 poverty poverty NN 5180 468 10 levels level NNS 5180 468 11 in in IN 5180 468 12 excess excess NN 5180 468 13 of of IN 5180 468 14 40 40 CD 5180 468 15 % % NN 5180 468 16 receive receive JJ 5180 468 17 E e NN 5180 468 18 - - NN 5180 468 19 rate rate NN 5180 468 20 discounts discount NNS 5180 468 21 . . . 5180 469 1 1 1 LS 5180 469 2 . . . 5180 470 1 Internet internet NN 5180 470 2 Use Use NNP 5180 470 3 Policies policy NNS 5180 470 4 in in IN 5180 470 5 Public Public NNP 5180 470 6 Libraries library NNS 5180 470 7 Approximately approximately RB 5180 470 8 95 95 CD 5180 470 9 % % NN 5180 470 10 of of IN 5180 470 11 libraries library NNS 5180 470 12 with with IN 5180 470 13 public public JJ 5180 470 14 Internet internet NN 5180 470 15 access access NN 5180 470 16 have have VBP 5180 470 17 some some DT 5180 470 18 form form NN 5180 470 19 of of IN 5180 470 20 " " `` 5180 470 21 acceptable acceptable JJ 5180 470 22 use use NN 5180 470 23 " " '' 5180 470 24 policy policy NN 5180 470 25 or or CC 5180 470 26 " " `` 5180 470 27 Internet internet NN 5180 470 28 use use NN 5180 470 29 " " '' 5180 470 30 policy policy NN 5180 470 31 governing governing NN 5180 470 32 patrons patron NNS 5180 470 33 ' ' POS 5180 470 34 use use NN 5180 470 35 of of IN 5180 470 36 the the DT 5180 470 37 Internet internet NN 5180 470 38 . . . 5180 471 1 These these DT 5180 471 2 policies policy NNS 5180 471 3 set set VBD 5180 471 4 forth forth RP 5180 471 5 the the DT 5180 471 6 conditions condition NNS 5180 471 7 under under IN 5180 471 8 which which WDT 5180 471 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 471 10 are be VBP 5180 471 11 permitted permit VBN 5180 471 12 to to TO 5180 471 13 access access NN 5180 471 14 and and CC 5180 471 15 use use VB 5180 471 16 the the DT 5180 471 17 library library NN 5180 471 18 's 's POS 5180 471 19 Internet internet NN 5180 471 20 resources resource NNS 5180 471 21 . . . 5180 472 1 These these DT 5180 472 2 policies policy NNS 5180 472 3 vary vary VBP 5180 472 4 widely widely RB 5180 472 5 . . . 5180 473 1 Some some DT 5180 473 2 of of IN 5180 473 3 the the DT 5180 473 4 less less RBR 5180 473 5 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 473 6 policies policy NNS 5180 473 7 , , , 5180 473 8 like like IN 5180 473 9 those those DT 5180 473 10 held hold VBN 5180 473 11 by by IN 5180 473 12 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 473 13 County County NNP 5180 473 14 Library Library NNP 5180 473 15 and and CC 5180 473 16 Fort Fort NNP 5180 473 17 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 473 18 Regional Regional NNP 5180 473 19 Library Library NNP 5180 473 20 , , , 5180 473 21 do do VB 5180 473 22 not not RB 5180 473 23 prohibit prohibit VB 5180 473 24 adult adult NN 5180 473 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 473 26 from from IN 5180 473 27 viewing view VBG 5180 473 28 sexually sexually RB 5180 473 29 explicit explicit JJ 5180 473 30 materials material NNS 5180 473 31 on on IN 5180 473 32 the the DT 5180 473 33 Web web NN 5180 473 34 , , , 5180 473 35 as as RB 5180 473 36 long long RB 5180 473 37 as as IN 5180 473 38 they -PRON- PRP 5180 473 39 do do VBP 5180 473 40 so so RB 5180 473 41 at at IN 5180 473 42 terminals terminal NNS 5180 473 43 with with IN 5180 473 44 privacy privacy NN 5180 473 45 screens screen NNS 5180 473 46 or or CC 5180 473 47 recessed recess VBN 5180 473 48 monitors monitor NNS 5180 473 49 , , , 5180 473 50 which which WDT 5180 473 51 are be VBP 5180 473 52 designed design VBN 5180 473 53 to to TO 5180 473 54 prevent prevent VB 5180 473 55 other other JJ 5180 473 56 patrons patron NNS 5180 473 57 from from IN 5180 473 58 seeing see VBG 5180 473 59 the the DT 5180 473 60 material material NN 5180 473 61 that that IN 5180 473 62 they -PRON- PRP 5180 473 63 are be VBP 5180 473 64 viewing view VBG 5180 473 65 , , , 5180 473 66 and and CC 5180 473 67 as as RB 5180 473 68 long long RB 5180 473 69 as as IN 5180 473 70 it -PRON- PRP 5180 473 71 does do VBZ 5180 473 72 not not RB 5180 473 73 violate violate VB 5180 473 74 state state NN 5180 473 75 or or CC 5180 473 76 federal federal JJ 5180 473 77 law law NN 5180 473 78 to to TO 5180 473 79 do do VB 5180 473 80 so so RB 5180 473 81 . . . 5180 474 1 Other other JJ 5180 474 2 libraries library NNS 5180 474 3 prohibit prohibit VBP 5180 474 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 474 5 patrons patron NNS 5180 474 6 from from IN 5180 474 7 viewing view VBG 5180 474 8 all all DT 5180 474 9 " " `` 5180 474 10 sexually sexually RB 5180 474 11 explicit explicit JJ 5180 474 12 " " '' 5180 474 13 or or CC 5180 474 14 " " `` 5180 474 15 sexually sexually RB 5180 474 16 graphic graphic JJ 5180 474 17 " " '' 5180 474 18 materials material NNS 5180 474 19 . . . 5180 475 1 Some some DT 5180 475 2 libraries library NNS 5180 475 3 prohibit prohibit VBP 5180 475 4 the the DT 5180 475 5 viewing viewing NN 5180 475 6 of of IN 5180 475 7 materials material NNS 5180 475 8 that that WDT 5180 475 9 are be VBP 5180 475 10 not not RB 5180 475 11 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 475 12 sexual sexual JJ 5180 475 13 , , , 5180 475 14 such such JJ 5180 475 15 as as IN 5180 475 16 Web web NN 5180 475 17 pages page NNS 5180 475 18 that that WDT 5180 475 19 are be VBP 5180 475 20 " " `` 5180 475 21 harmful harmful JJ 5180 475 22 to to IN 5180 475 23 minors minor NNS 5180 475 24 , , , 5180 475 25 " " '' 5180 475 26 " " `` 5180 475 27 offensive offensive JJ 5180 475 28 to to IN 5180 475 29 the the DT 5180 475 30 public public NN 5180 475 31 , , , 5180 475 32 " " '' 5180 475 33 " " `` 5180 475 34 objectionable objectionable JJ 5180 475 35 , , , 5180 475 36 " " '' 5180 475 37 " " `` 5180 475 38 racially racially RB 5180 475 39 offensive offensive JJ 5180 475 40 , , , 5180 475 41 " " '' 5180 475 42 or or CC 5180 475 43 simply simply RB 5180 475 44 " " `` 5180 475 45 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 475 46 . . . 5180 475 47 " " '' 5180 476 1 Other other JJ 5180 476 2 libraries library NNS 5180 476 3 restrict restrict VBP 5180 476 4 access access NN 5180 476 5 to to IN 5180 476 6 Web web NN 5180 476 7 sites site NNS 5180 476 8 that that IN 5180 476 9 the the DT 5180 476 10 library library NN 5180 476 11 just just RB 5180 476 12 does do VBZ 5180 476 13 not not RB 5180 476 14 want want VB 5180 476 15 to to TO 5180 476 16 provide provide VB 5180 476 17 , , , 5180 476 18 even even RB 5180 476 19 though though IN 5180 476 20 the the DT 5180 476 21 sites site NNS 5180 476 22 are be VBP 5180 476 23 not not RB 5180 476 24 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 476 25 offensive offensive JJ 5180 476 26 . . . 5180 477 1 For for IN 5180 477 2 example example NN 5180 477 3 , , , 5180 477 4 the the DT 5180 477 5 Fulton Fulton NNP 5180 477 6 County County NNP 5180 477 7 Public Public NNP 5180 477 8 Library Library NNP 5180 477 9 restricts restrict NNS 5180 477 10 access access NN 5180 477 11 to to IN 5180 477 12 the the DT 5180 477 13 Web web NN 5180 477 14 sites site NNS 5180 477 15 of of IN 5180 477 16 dating date VBG 5180 477 17 services service NNS 5180 477 18 . . . 5180 478 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 478 2 , , , 5180 478 3 the the DT 5180 478 4 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 478 5 Public Public NNP 5180 478 6 Library Library NNP 5180 478 7 's 's POS 5180 478 8 policy policy NN 5180 478 9 does do VBZ 5180 478 10 not not RB 5180 478 11 allow allow VB 5180 478 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 478 13 to to TO 5180 478 14 use use VB 5180 478 15 the the DT 5180 478 16 library library NN 5180 478 17 's 's POS 5180 478 18 Internet internet NN 5180 478 19 terminals terminal NNS 5180 478 20 for for IN 5180 478 21 personal personal JJ 5180 478 22 email email NN 5180 478 23 , , , 5180 478 24 for for IN 5180 478 25 online online JJ 5180 478 26 chat chat NN 5180 478 27 , , , 5180 478 28 or or CC 5180 478 29 for for IN 5180 478 30 playing play VBG 5180 478 31 games game NNS 5180 478 32 . . . 5180 479 1 In in IN 5180 479 2 some some DT 5180 479 3 cases case NNS 5180 479 4 , , , 5180 479 5 libraries library NNS 5180 479 6 instituted institute VBN 5180 479 7 Internet internet NN 5180 479 8 use use NN 5180 479 9 policies policy NNS 5180 479 10 after after IN 5180 479 11 having have VBG 5180 479 12 experienced experience VBN 5180 479 13 specific specific JJ 5180 479 14 problems problem NNS 5180 479 15 , , , 5180 479 16 whereas whereas IN 5180 479 17 in in IN 5180 479 18 other other JJ 5180 479 19 cases case NNS 5180 479 20 , , , 5180 479 21 libraries library NNS 5180 479 22 developed develop VBD 5180 479 23 detailed detailed JJ 5180 479 24 Internet internet NN 5180 479 25 use use NN 5180 479 26 policies policy NNS 5180 479 27 and and CC 5180 479 28 regulatory regulatory JJ 5180 479 29 measures measure NNS 5180 479 30 ( ( -LRB- 5180 479 31 such such JJ 5180 479 32 as as IN 5180 479 33 using use VBG 5180 479 34 filtering filter VBG 5180 479 35 software software NN 5180 479 36 ) ) -RRB- 5180 479 37 before before IN 5180 479 38 ever ever RB 5180 479 39 offering offer VBG 5180 479 40 public public JJ 5180 479 41 Internet internet NN 5180 479 42 access access NN 5180 479 43 . . . 5180 480 1 Essentially essentially RB 5180 480 2 four four CD 5180 480 3 interests interest NNS 5180 480 4 motivate motivate VBP 5180 480 5 libraries library NNS 5180 480 6 to to TO 5180 480 7 institute institute VB 5180 480 8 Internet internet NN 5180 480 9 use use NN 5180 480 10 policies policy NNS 5180 480 11 and and CC 5180 480 12 to to TO 5180 480 13 apply apply VB 5180 480 14 the the DT 5180 480 15 methods method NNS 5180 480 16 described describe VBN 5180 480 17 above above RB 5180 480 18 to to TO 5180 480 19 regulate regulate VB 5180 480 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 480 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 480 22 ' ' POS 5180 480 23 use use NN 5180 480 24 of of IN 5180 480 25 the the DT 5180 480 26 Internet internet NN 5180 480 27 . . . 5180 481 1 First first RB 5180 481 2 , , , 5180 481 3 libraries library NNS 5180 481 4 have have VBP 5180 481 5 sought seek VBN 5180 481 6 to to TO 5180 481 7 protect protect VB 5180 481 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 481 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 481 10 especially especially RB 5180 481 11 children child NNS 5180 481 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 481 13 and and CC 5180 481 14 staff staff NN 5180 481 15 members member NNS 5180 481 16 from from IN 5180 481 17 accidentally accidentally RB 5180 481 18 viewing view VBG 5180 481 19 sexually sexually RB 5180 481 20 explicit explicit JJ 5180 481 21 images image NNS 5180 481 22 , , , 5180 481 23 or or CC 5180 481 24 other other JJ 5180 481 25 Web web NN 5180 481 26 pages page NNS 5180 481 27 containing contain VBG 5180 481 28 content content NN 5180 481 29 deemed deem VBN 5180 481 30 harmful harmful JJ 5180 481 31 , , , 5180 481 32 that that IN 5180 481 33 other other JJ 5180 481 34 patrons patron NNS 5180 481 35 are be VBP 5180 481 36 viewing view VBG 5180 481 37 on on IN 5180 481 38 the the DT 5180 481 39 Internet internet NN 5180 481 40 . . . 5180 482 1 For for IN 5180 482 2 example example NN 5180 482 3 , , , 5180 482 4 some some DT 5180 482 5 librarians librarian NNS 5180 482 6 who who WP 5180 482 7 testified testify VBD 5180 482 8 described describe VBN 5180 482 9 situations situation NNS 5180 482 10 in in IN 5180 482 11 which which WDT 5180 482 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 482 13 left leave VBD 5180 482 14 sexually sexually RB 5180 482 15 explicit explicit JJ 5180 482 16 images image NNS 5180 482 17 minimized minimize VBN 5180 482 18 on on IN 5180 482 19 an an DT 5180 482 20 Internet internet NN 5180 482 21 terminal terminal NN 5180 482 22 so so IN 5180 482 23 that that IN 5180 482 24 the the DT 5180 482 25 next next JJ 5180 482 26 patron patron NN 5180 482 27 would would MD 5180 482 28 see see VB 5180 482 29 them -PRON- PRP 5180 482 30 when when WRB 5180 482 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 482 32 began begin VBD 5180 482 33 using use VBG 5180 482 34 it -PRON- PRP 5180 482 35 , , , 5180 482 36 or or CC 5180 482 37 in in IN 5180 482 38 which which WDT 5180 482 39 patrons patron NNS 5180 482 40 printed print VBN 5180 482 41 sexually sexually RB 5180 482 42 explicit explicit JJ 5180 482 43 images image NNS 5180 482 44 from from IN 5180 482 45 a a DT 5180 482 46 Web web NN 5180 482 47 site site NN 5180 482 48 and and CC 5180 482 49 left leave VBD 5180 482 50 them -PRON- PRP 5180 482 51 at at IN 5180 482 52 a a DT 5180 482 53 public public JJ 5180 482 54 printer printer NN 5180 482 55 . . . 5180 483 1 Second second RB 5180 483 2 , , , 5180 483 3 libraries library NNS 5180 483 4 have have VBP 5180 483 5 attempted attempt VBN 5180 483 6 to to TO 5180 483 7 protect protect VB 5180 483 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 483 9 from from IN 5180 483 10 unwittingly unwittingly RB 5180 483 11 or or CC 5180 483 12 accidentally accidentally RB 5180 483 13 accessing access VBG 5180 483 14 Web web NN 5180 483 15 pages page NNS 5180 483 16 that that IN 5180 483 17 they -PRON- PRP 5180 483 18 do do VBP 5180 483 19 not not RB 5180 483 20 wish wish VB 5180 483 21 to to TO 5180 483 22 see see VB 5180 483 23 while while IN 5180 483 24 they -PRON- PRP 5180 483 25 are be VBP 5180 483 26 using use VBG 5180 483 27 the the DT 5180 483 28 Internet internet NN 5180 483 29 . . . 5180 484 1 For for IN 5180 484 2 example example NN 5180 484 3 , , , 5180 484 4 the the DT 5180 484 5 Memphis Memphis NNP 5180 484 6 - - HYPH 5180 484 7 Shelby Shelby NNP 5180 484 8 County County NNP 5180 484 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 484 10 Tennessee Tennessee NNP 5180 484 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 484 12 Public Public NNP 5180 484 13 Library Library NNP 5180 484 14 's 's POS 5180 484 15 Internet internet NN 5180 484 16 use use NN 5180 484 17 policy policy NN 5180 484 18 states state NNS 5180 484 19 that that IN 5180 484 20 the the DT 5180 484 21 library library NN 5180 484 22 " " `` 5180 484 23 employs employ VBZ 5180 484 24 filtering filter VBG 5180 484 25 technology technology NN 5180 484 26 to to TO 5180 484 27 reduce reduce VB 5180 484 28 the the DT 5180 484 29 possibility possibility NN 5180 484 30 that that IN 5180 484 31 customers customer NNS 5180 484 32 may may MD 5180 484 33 encounter encounter VB 5180 484 34 objectionable objectionable JJ 5180 484 35 content content NN 5180 484 36 in in IN 5180 484 37 the the DT 5180 484 38 form form NN 5180 484 39 of of IN 5180 484 40 depictions depiction NNS 5180 484 41 of of IN 5180 484 42 full full JJ 5180 484 43 nudity nudity NN 5180 484 44 and and CC 5180 484 45 sexual sexual JJ 5180 484 46 acts act NNS 5180 484 47 . . . 5180 484 48 " " '' 5180 485 1 Third third JJ 5180 485 2 , , , 5180 485 3 libraries library NNS 5180 485 4 have have VBP 5180 485 5 sought seek VBN 5180 485 6 to to TO 5180 485 7 keep keep VB 5180 485 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 485 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 485 10 again again RB 5180 485 11 , , , 5180 485 12 especially especially RB 5180 485 13 children child NNS 5180 485 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 485 15 from from IN 5180 485 16 intentionally intentionally RB 5180 485 17 accessing access VBG 5180 485 18 sexually sexually RB 5180 485 19 explicit explicit JJ 5180 485 20 materials material NNS 5180 485 21 or or CC 5180 485 22 other other JJ 5180 485 23 materials material NNS 5180 485 24 that that WDT 5180 485 25 the the DT 5180 485 26 library library NN 5180 485 27 deems deem NNS 5180 485 28 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 485 29 . . . 5180 486 1 For for IN 5180 486 2 example example NN 5180 486 3 , , , 5180 486 4 a a DT 5180 486 5 study study NN 5180 486 6 of of IN 5180 486 7 the the DT 5180 486 8 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 486 9 Public Public NNP 5180 486 10 Library Library NNP 5180 486 11 's 's POS 5180 486 12 Internet internet NN 5180 486 13 use use NN 5180 486 14 logs log NNS 5180 486 15 for for IN 5180 486 16 the the DT 5180 486 17 year year NN 5180 486 18 2000 2000 CD 5180 486 19 showed show VBD 5180 486 20 that that IN 5180 486 21 users user NNS 5180 486 22 between between IN 5180 486 23 the the DT 5180 486 24 ages age NNS 5180 486 25 of of IN 5180 486 26 11 11 CD 5180 486 27 and and CC 5180 486 28 15 15 CD 5180 486 29 accounted account VBD 5180 486 30 for for IN 5180 486 31 41 41 CD 5180 486 32 % % NN 5180 486 33 of of IN 5180 486 34 the the DT 5180 486 35 filter filter NN 5180 486 36 blocks block NNS 5180 486 37 that that WDT 5180 486 38 occurred occur VBD 5180 486 39 on on IN 5180 486 40 library library JJ 5180 486 41 computers computer NNS 5180 486 42 . . . 5180 487 1 The the DT 5180 487 2 study study NN 5180 487 3 , , , 5180 487 4 which which WDT 5180 487 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 487 6 credit credit NN 5180 487 7 , , , 5180 487 8 concluded conclude VBD 5180 487 9 that that IN 5180 487 10 children child NNS 5180 487 11 and and CC 5180 487 12 young young JJ 5180 487 13 teens teen NNS 5180 487 14 were be VBD 5180 487 15 actively actively RB 5180 487 16 seeking seek VBG 5180 487 17 to to TO 5180 487 18 access access VB 5180 487 19 sexually sexually RB 5180 487 20 explicit explicit JJ 5180 487 21 images image NNS 5180 487 22 in in IN 5180 487 23 the the DT 5180 487 24 library library NN 5180 487 25 . . . 5180 488 1 The the DT 5180 488 2 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 488 3 Library Library NNP 5180 488 4 's 's POS 5180 488 5 Board Board NNP 5180 488 6 of of IN 5180 488 7 Directors Directors NNPS 5180 488 8 was be VBD 5180 488 9 particularly particularly RB 5180 488 10 concerned concern VBN 5180 488 11 that that IN 5180 488 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 488 13 were be VBD 5180 488 14 accessing access VBG 5180 488 15 obscene obscene JJ 5180 488 16 materials material NNS 5180 488 17 in in IN 5180 488 18 the the DT 5180 488 19 public public JJ 5180 488 20 library library NN 5180 488 21 in in IN 5180 488 22 violation violation NN 5180 488 23 of of IN 5180 488 24 South South NNP 5180 488 25 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 488 26 's 's POS 5180 488 27 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 488 28 statute statute NN 5180 488 29 . . . 5180 489 1 Finally finally RB 5180 489 2 , , , 5180 489 3 some some DT 5180 489 4 libraries library NNS 5180 489 5 have have VBP 5180 489 6 regulated regulate VBN 5180 489 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 489 8 ' ' POS 5180 489 9 Internet internet NN 5180 489 10 use use NN 5180 489 11 to to TO 5180 489 12 attempt attempt VB 5180 489 13 to to TO 5180 489 14 control control VB 5180 489 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 489 16 ' ' POS 5180 489 17 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 489 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 489 19 or or CC 5180 489 20 illegal illegal JJ 5180 489 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 489 22 behavior behavior NN 5180 489 23 that that WDT 5180 489 24 is be VBZ 5180 489 25 thought think VBN 5180 489 26 to to TO 5180 489 27 stem stem VB 5180 489 28 from from IN 5180 489 29 viewing view VBG 5180 489 30 Web web NN 5180 489 31 pages page NNS 5180 489 32 that that WDT 5180 489 33 contain contain VBP 5180 489 34 sexually sexually RB 5180 489 35 explicit explicit JJ 5180 489 36 materials material NNS 5180 489 37 or or CC 5180 489 38 content content NN 5180 489 39 that that WDT 5180 489 40 is be VBZ 5180 489 41 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 489 42 deemed deem VBN 5180 489 43 unacceptable unacceptable JJ 5180 489 44 . . . 5180 490 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 490 2 recognize recognize VBP 5180 490 3 the the DT 5180 490 4 concerns concern NNS 5180 490 5 that that WDT 5180 490 6 led lead VBD 5180 490 7 several several JJ 5180 490 8 of of IN 5180 490 9 the the DT 5180 490 10 public public JJ 5180 490 11 libraries library NNS 5180 490 12 whose whose WP$ 5180 490 13 librarians librarian NNS 5180 490 14 and and CC 5180 490 15 board board NN 5180 490 16 members member NNS 5180 490 17 testified testify VBD 5180 490 18 in in IN 5180 490 19 this this DT 5180 490 20 case case NN 5180 490 21 to to TO 5180 490 22 start start VB 5180 490 23 using use VBG 5180 490 24 Internet internet NN 5180 490 25 filtering filter VBG 5180 490 26 software software NN 5180 490 27 . . . 5180 491 1 The the DT 5180 491 2 testimony testimony NN 5180 491 3 of of IN 5180 491 4 the the DT 5180 491 5 Chairman Chairman NNP 5180 491 6 of of IN 5180 491 7 the the DT 5180 491 8 Board Board NNP 5180 491 9 of of IN 5180 491 10 the the DT 5180 491 11 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 491 12 Public Public NNP 5180 491 13 Library Library NNP 5180 491 14 is be VBZ 5180 491 15 illustrative illustrative JJ 5180 491 16 . . . 5180 492 1 In in IN 5180 492 2 December December NNP 5180 492 3 1999 1999 CD 5180 492 4 , , , 5180 492 5 there there EX 5180 492 6 was be VBD 5180 492 7 considerable considerable JJ 5180 492 8 local local JJ 5180 492 9 press press NN 5180 492 10 coverage coverage NN 5180 492 11 in in IN 5180 492 12 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 492 13 concerning concern VBG 5180 492 14 adult adult NN 5180 492 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 492 16 who who WP 5180 492 17 routinely routinely RB 5180 492 18 used use VBD 5180 492 19 the the DT 5180 492 20 library library NN 5180 492 21 to to TO 5180 492 22 surf surf VB 5180 492 23 the the DT 5180 492 24 Web web NN 5180 492 25 for for IN 5180 492 26 pornography pornography NN 5180 492 27 . . . 5180 493 1 In in IN 5180 493 2 response response NN 5180 493 3 to to IN 5180 493 4 public public JJ 5180 493 5 outcry outcry NN 5180 493 6 stemming stem VBG 5180 493 7 from from IN 5180 493 8 the the DT 5180 493 9 newspaper newspaper NN 5180 493 10 report report NN 5180 493 11 , , , 5180 493 12 the the DT 5180 493 13 Board Board NNP 5180 493 14 of of IN 5180 493 15 Trustees Trustees NNPS 5180 493 16 held hold VBD 5180 493 17 a a DT 5180 493 18 special special JJ 5180 493 19 board board NN 5180 493 20 meeting meeting NN 5180 493 21 to to TO 5180 493 22 obtain obtain VB 5180 493 23 information information NN 5180 493 24 and and CC 5180 493 25 to to TO 5180 493 26 communicate communicate VB 5180 493 27 with with IN 5180 493 28 the the DT 5180 493 29 public public NN 5180 493 30 concerning concern VBG 5180 493 31 the the DT 5180 493 32 library library NN 5180 493 33 's 's POS 5180 493 34 provision provision NN 5180 493 35 of of IN 5180 493 36 Internet internet NN 5180 493 37 access access NN 5180 493 38 . . . 5180 494 1 At at IN 5180 494 2 this this DT 5180 494 3 meeting meeting NN 5180 494 4 , , , 5180 494 5 the the DT 5180 494 6 Board Board NNP 5180 494 7 learned learn VBD 5180 494 8 for for IN 5180 494 9 the the DT 5180 494 10 first first JJ 5180 494 11 time time NN 5180 494 12 of of IN 5180 494 13 complaints complaint NNS 5180 494 14 about about IN 5180 494 15 children child NNS 5180 494 16 being be VBG 5180 494 17 exposed expose VBN 5180 494 18 to to IN 5180 494 19 pornography pornography NN 5180 494 20 that that WDT 5180 494 21 was be VBD 5180 494 22 displayed display VBN 5180 494 23 on on IN 5180 494 24 the the DT 5180 494 25 library library NN 5180 494 26 's 's POS 5180 494 27 Internet internet NN 5180 494 28 terminals terminal NNS 5180 494 29 . . . 5180 495 1 In in IN 5180 495 2 late late JJ 5180 495 3 January January NNP 5180 495 4 to to IN 5180 495 5 early early JJ 5180 495 6 February February NNP 5180 495 7 of of IN 5180 495 8 2000 2000 CD 5180 495 9 , , , 5180 495 10 the the DT 5180 495 11 library library NN 5180 495 12 installed instal VBD 5180 495 13 privacy privacy NN 5180 495 14 screens screen NNS 5180 495 15 and and CC 5180 495 16 recessed recess VBN 5180 495 17 terminals terminal NNS 5180 495 18 in in IN 5180 495 19 an an DT 5180 495 20 effort effort NN 5180 495 21 to to TO 5180 495 22 restrict restrict VB 5180 495 23 the the DT 5180 495 24 display display NN 5180 495 25 of of IN 5180 495 26 sexually sexually RB 5180 495 27 explicit explicit JJ 5180 495 28 Web web NN 5180 495 29 sites site NNS 5180 495 30 at at IN 5180 495 31 the the DT 5180 495 32 library library NN 5180 495 33 . . . 5180 496 1 In in IN 5180 496 2 February February NNP 5180 496 3 , , , 5180 496 4 2000 2000 CD 5180 496 5 , , , 5180 496 6 the the DT 5180 496 7 Board Board NNP 5180 496 8 informed inform VBD 5180 496 9 the the DT 5180 496 10 library library NN 5180 496 11 staff staff NN 5180 496 12 that that IN 5180 496 13 they -PRON- PRP 5180 496 14 were be VBD 5180 496 15 expected expect VBN 5180 496 16 to to TO 5180 496 17 be be VB 5180 496 18 familiar familiar JJ 5180 496 19 with with IN 5180 496 20 the the DT 5180 496 21 South South NNP 5180 496 22 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 496 23 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 496 24 statute statute NN 5180 496 25 and and CC 5180 496 26 to to TO 5180 496 27 enforce enforce VB 5180 496 28 the the DT 5180 496 29 policy policy NN 5180 496 30 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 496 31 on on IN 5180 496 32 access access NN 5180 496 33 to to IN 5180 496 34 obscene obscene JJ 5180 496 35 materials material NNS 5180 496 36 , , , 5180 496 37 child child NN 5180 496 38 pornography pornography NN 5180 496 39 , , , 5180 496 40 or or CC 5180 496 41 other other JJ 5180 496 42 materials material NNS 5180 496 43 prohibited prohibit VBN 5180 496 44 under under IN 5180 496 45 applicable applicable JJ 5180 496 46 local local JJ 5180 496 47 , , , 5180 496 48 state state NN 5180 496 49 , , , 5180 496 50 and and CC 5180 496 51 federal federal JJ 5180 496 52 laws law NNS 5180 496 53 . . . 5180 497 1 Staff staff NN 5180 497 2 were be VBD 5180 497 3 told tell VBN 5180 497 4 that that IN 5180 497 5 they -PRON- PRP 5180 497 6 were be VBD 5180 497 7 to to TO 5180 497 8 enforce enforce VB 5180 497 9 the the DT 5180 497 10 policy policy NN 5180 497 11 by by IN 5180 497 12 means mean NNS 5180 497 13 of of IN 5180 497 14 a a DT 5180 497 15 " " `` 5180 497 16 tap tap NN 5180 497 17 on on IN 5180 497 18 the the DT 5180 497 19 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 497 20 . . . 5180 497 21 " " '' 5180 498 1 Prior prior RB 5180 498 2 to to IN 5180 498 3 adopting adopt VBG 5180 498 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 498 5 current current JJ 5180 498 6 Internet internet NN 5180 498 7 Use Use NNP 5180 498 8 Policy Policy NNP 5180 498 9 , , , 5180 498 10 the the DT 5180 498 11 Board board NN 5180 498 12 adopted adopt VBD 5180 498 13 an an DT 5180 498 14 " " `` 5180 498 15 Addendum Addendum NNP 5180 498 16 to to IN 5180 498 17 Current current JJ 5180 498 18 Internet internet NN 5180 498 19 Use Use NNP 5180 498 20 Policy Policy NNP 5180 498 21 . . . 5180 498 22 " " '' 5180 499 1 Under under IN 5180 499 2 the the DT 5180 499 3 policy policy NN 5180 499 4 , , , 5180 499 5 the the DT 5180 499 6 Board Board NNP 5180 499 7 temporarily temporarily RB 5180 499 8 instituted institute VBD 5180 499 9 a a DT 5180 499 10 two two CD 5180 499 11 - - HYPH 5180 499 12 hour hour NN 5180 499 13 time time NN 5180 499 14 limit limit NN 5180 499 15 per per IN 5180 499 16 day day NN 5180 499 17 for for IN 5180 499 18 Internet internet NN 5180 499 19 use use NN 5180 499 20 ; ; , 5180 499 21 reduced reduce VBN 5180 499 22 substantially substantially RB 5180 499 23 the the DT 5180 499 24 number number NN 5180 499 25 of of IN 5180 499 26 computers computer NNS 5180 499 27 with with IN 5180 499 28 Internet internet NN 5180 499 29 access access NN 5180 499 30 in in IN 5180 499 31 the the DT 5180 499 32 library library NN 5180 499 33 ; ; , 5180 499 34 reconfigured reconfigure VBD 5180 499 35 the the DT 5180 499 36 location location NN 5180 499 37 of of IN 5180 499 38 the the DT 5180 499 39 computers computer NNS 5180 499 40 so so IN 5180 499 41 that that IN 5180 499 42 librarians librarian NNS 5180 499 43 had have VBD 5180 499 44 visual visual JJ 5180 499 45 contact contact NN 5180 499 46 with with IN 5180 499 47 all all DT 5180 499 48 Internet internet NN 5180 499 49 - - HYPH 5180 499 50 accessible accessible JJ 5180 499 51 terminals terminal NNS 5180 499 52 ; ; : 5180 499 53 and and CC 5180 499 54 removed remove VBD 5180 499 55 the the DT 5180 499 56 privacy privacy NN 5180 499 57 screens screen NNS 5180 499 58 from from IN 5180 499 59 terminals terminal NNS 5180 499 60 with with IN 5180 499 61 Internet internet NN 5180 499 62 access access NN 5180 499 63 . . . 5180 500 1 Even even RB 5180 500 2 after after IN 5180 500 3 the the DT 5180 500 4 Board Board NNP 5180 500 5 implemented implement VBD 5180 500 6 the the DT 5180 500 7 privacy privacy NN 5180 500 8 screens screen NNS 5180 500 9 and and CC 5180 500 10 later later RBR 5180 500 11 the the DT 5180 500 12 " " `` 5180 500 13 tap tap NN 5180 500 14 - - HYPH 5180 500 15 on on IN 5180 500 16 - - HYPH 5180 500 17 the the DT 5180 500 18 - - HYPH 5180 500 19 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 500 20 " " '' 5180 500 21 policy policy NN 5180 500 22 combined combine VBN 5180 500 23 with with IN 5180 500 24 placing place VBG 5180 500 25 terminals terminal NNS 5180 500 26 in in IN 5180 500 27 view view NN 5180 500 28 of of IN 5180 500 29 librarians librarian NNS 5180 500 30 , , , 5180 500 31 the the DT 5180 500 32 library library NN 5180 500 33 experienced experience VBD 5180 500 34 a a DT 5180 500 35 high high JJ 5180 500 36 turnover turnover NN 5180 500 37 rate rate NN 5180 500 38 among among IN 5180 500 39 reference reference NN 5180 500 40 librarians librarian NNS 5180 500 41 who who WP 5180 500 42 worked work VBD 5180 500 43 in in IN 5180 500 44 view view NN 5180 500 45 of of IN 5180 500 46 Internet internet NN 5180 500 47 terminals terminal NNS 5180 500 48 . . . 5180 501 1 Finding find VBG 5180 501 2 that that IN 5180 501 3 the the DT 5180 501 4 policies policy NNS 5180 501 5 that that WDT 5180 501 6 it -PRON- PRP 5180 501 7 had have VBD 5180 501 8 tried try VBN 5180 501 9 did do VBD 5180 501 10 not not RB 5180 501 11 prevent prevent VB 5180 501 12 the the DT 5180 501 13 viewing viewing NN 5180 501 14 of of IN 5180 501 15 sexually sexually RB 5180 501 16 explicit explicit JJ 5180 501 17 materials material NNS 5180 501 18 in in IN 5180 501 19 the the DT 5180 501 20 library library NN 5180 501 21 , , , 5180 501 22 the the DT 5180 501 23 Board Board NNP 5180 501 24 at at IN 5180 501 25 one one CD 5180 501 26 point point NN 5180 501 27 considered consider VBD 5180 501 28 discontinuing discontinue VBG 5180 501 29 Internet internet NN 5180 501 30 access access NN 5180 501 31 in in IN 5180 501 32 the the DT 5180 501 33 library library NN 5180 501 34 . . . 5180 502 1 The the DT 5180 502 2 Board Board NNP 5180 502 3 finally finally RB 5180 502 4 concluded conclude VBD 5180 502 5 that that IN 5180 502 6 the the DT 5180 502 7 methods method NNS 5180 502 8 that that IN 5180 502 9 it -PRON- PRP 5180 502 10 had have VBD 5180 502 11 used use VBN 5180 502 12 to to TO 5180 502 13 regulate regulate VB 5180 502 14 Internet internet NN 5180 502 15 use use NN 5180 502 16 were be VBD 5180 502 17 not not RB 5180 502 18 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 502 19 to to TO 5180 502 20 stem stem VB 5180 502 21 the the DT 5180 502 22 behavioral behavioral JJ 5180 502 23 problems problem NNS 5180 502 24 that that WDT 5180 502 25 it -PRON- PRP 5180 502 26 thought think VBD 5180 502 27 were be VBD 5180 502 28 linked link VBN 5180 502 29 to to IN 5180 502 30 the the DT 5180 502 31 availability availability NN 5180 502 32 of of IN 5180 502 33 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 502 34 materials material NNS 5180 502 35 in in IN 5180 502 36 the the DT 5180 502 37 library library NN 5180 502 38 . . . 5180 503 1 As as IN 5180 503 2 a a DT 5180 503 3 result result NN 5180 503 4 , , , 5180 503 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 503 6 implemented implement VBD 5180 503 7 a a DT 5180 503 8 mandatory mandatory JJ 5180 503 9 filtering filtering NN 5180 503 10 policy policy NN 5180 503 11 . . . 5180 504 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 504 2 note note VBP 5180 504 3 , , , 5180 504 4 however however RB 5180 504 5 , , , 5180 504 6 that that IN 5180 504 7 none none NN 5180 504 8 of of IN 5180 504 9 the the DT 5180 504 10 libraries library NNS 5180 504 11 proffered proffer VBN 5180 504 12 by by IN 5180 504 13 the the DT 5180 504 14 defendants defendant NNS 5180 504 15 presented present VBD 5180 504 16 any any DT 5180 504 17 systematic systematic JJ 5180 504 18 records record NNS 5180 504 19 or or CC 5180 504 20 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 504 21 comparison comparison NN 5180 504 22 of of IN 5180 504 23 the the DT 5180 504 24 amount amount NN 5180 504 25 of of IN 5180 504 26 criminal criminal JJ 5180 504 27 or or CC 5180 504 28 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 504 29 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 504 30 behavior behavior NN 5180 504 31 that that WDT 5180 504 32 occurred occur VBD 5180 504 33 in in IN 5180 504 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 504 35 libraries library NNS 5180 504 36 before before IN 5180 504 37 they -PRON- PRP 5180 504 38 began begin VBD 5180 504 39 using use VBG 5180 504 40 Internet internet NN 5180 504 41 filtering filter VBG 5180 504 42 software software NN 5180 504 43 compared compare VBN 5180 504 44 to to IN 5180 504 45 the the DT 5180 504 46 amount amount NN 5180 504 47 that that WDT 5180 504 48 happened happen VBD 5180 504 49 after after IN 5180 504 50 they -PRON- PRP 5180 504 51 installed instal VBD 5180 504 52 the the DT 5180 504 53 software software NN 5180 504 54 . . . 5180 505 1 The the DT 5180 505 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 505 3 ' ' POS 5180 505 4 witnesses witness NNS 5180 505 5 also also RB 5180 505 6 testified testify VBD 5180 505 7 that that IN 5180 505 8 because because IN 5180 505 9 public public JJ 5180 505 10 libraries library NNS 5180 505 11 are be VBP 5180 505 12 public public JJ 5180 505 13 places place NNS 5180 505 14 , , , 5180 505 15 incidents incident NNS 5180 505 16 involving involve VBG 5180 505 17 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 505 18 behavior behavior NN 5180 505 19 in in IN 5180 505 20 libraries library NNS 5180 505 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 505 22 sexual sexual JJ 5180 505 23 and and CC 5180 505 24 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 505 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 505 26 existed exist VBD 5180 505 27 long long RB 5180 505 28 before before IN 5180 505 29 libraries library NNS 5180 505 30 provided provide VBD 5180 505 31 access access NN 5180 505 32 to to IN 5180 505 33 the the DT 5180 505 34 Internet internet NN 5180 505 35 . . . 5180 506 1 2 2 LS 5180 506 2 . . . 5180 507 1 Methods method NNS 5180 507 2 for for IN 5180 507 3 Regulating regulate VBG 5180 507 4 Internet Internet NNP 5180 507 5 Use Use NNP 5180 507 6 The the DT 5180 507 7 methods method NNS 5180 507 8 that that WDT 5180 507 9 public public JJ 5180 507 10 libraries library NNS 5180 507 11 use use VBP 5180 507 12 to to TO 5180 507 13 regulate regulate VB 5180 507 14 Internet internet NN 5180 507 15 use use NN 5180 507 16 vary vary VBP 5180 507 17 greatly greatly RB 5180 507 18 . . . 5180 508 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 508 2 can can MD 5180 508 3 be be VB 5180 508 4 organized organize VBN 5180 508 5 into into IN 5180 508 6 four four CD 5180 508 7 categories category NNS 5180 508 8 : : : 5180 508 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 508 10 1 1 LS 5180 508 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 508 12 channeling channel VBG 5180 508 13 patrons patron NNS 5180 508 14 ' ' POS 5180 508 15 Internet internet NN 5180 508 16 use use NN 5180 508 17 ; ; , 5180 508 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 508 19 2 2 LS 5180 508 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 508 21 separating separate VBG 5180 508 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 508 23 so so IN 5180 508 24 that that IN 5180 508 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 508 26 will will MD 5180 508 27 not not RB 5180 508 28 see see VB 5180 508 29 what what WP 5180 508 30 other other JJ 5180 508 31 patrons patron NNS 5180 508 32 are be VBP 5180 508 33 viewing view VBG 5180 508 34 ; ; : 5180 508 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 508 36 3 3 LS 5180 508 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 508 38 placing place VBG 5180 508 39 Internet internet NN 5180 508 40 terminals terminal NNS 5180 508 41 in in IN 5180 508 42 public public JJ 5180 508 43 view view NN 5180 508 44 and and CC 5180 508 45 having have VBG 5180 508 46 librarians librarian NNS 5180 508 47 observe observe VBP 5180 508 48 patrons patron NNS 5180 508 49 to to TO 5180 508 50 make make VB 5180 508 51 sure sure JJ 5180 508 52 that that IN 5180 508 53 they -PRON- PRP 5180 508 54 are be VBP 5180 508 55 complying comply VBG 5180 508 56 with with IN 5180 508 57 the the DT 5180 508 58 library library NN 5180 508 59 's 's POS 5180 508 60 Internet internet NN 5180 508 61 use use NN 5180 508 62 policy policy NN 5180 508 63 ; ; : 5180 508 64 and and CC 5180 508 65 ( ( -LRB- 5180 508 66 4 4 LS 5180 508 67 ) ) -RRB- 5180 508 68 using use VBG 5180 508 69 Internet internet NN 5180 508 70 filtering filter VBG 5180 508 71 software software NN 5180 508 72 . . . 5180 509 1 The the DT 5180 509 2 first first JJ 5180 509 3 category category NN 5180 509 4 – – : 5180 509 5 channeling channel VBG 5180 509 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 509 7 ' ' POS 5180 509 8 Internet internet NN 5180 509 9 use use NN 5180 509 10 – – : 5180 509 11 frequently frequently RB 5180 509 12 includes include VBZ 5180 509 13 offering offer VBG 5180 509 14 training training NN 5180 509 15 to to IN 5180 509 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 509 17 on on IN 5180 509 18 how how WRB 5180 509 19 to to TO 5180 509 20 use use VB 5180 509 21 the the DT 5180 509 22 Internet internet NN 5180 509 23 , , , 5180 509 24 including include VBG 5180 509 25 how how WRB 5180 509 26 to to TO 5180 509 27 access access VB 5180 509 28 the the DT 5180 509 29 information information NN 5180 509 30 that that WDT 5180 509 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 509 32 want want VBP 5180 509 33 and and CC 5180 509 34 to to TO 5180 509 35 avoid avoid VB 5180 509 36 the the DT 5180 509 37 materials material NNS 5180 509 38 that that IN 5180 509 39 they -PRON- PRP 5180 509 40 do do VBP 5180 509 41 not not RB 5180 509 42 want want VB 5180 509 43 . . . 5180 510 1 Another another DT 5180 510 2 technique technique NN 5180 510 3 that that WDT 5180 510 4 some some DT 5180 510 5 public public JJ 5180 510 6 libraries library NNS 5180 510 7 use use VBP 5180 510 8 to to TO 5180 510 9 direct direct VB 5180 510 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 510 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 510 12 to to IN 5180 510 13 pages page NNS 5180 510 14 that that IN 5180 510 15 the the DT 5180 510 16 libraries library NNS 5180 510 17 have have VBP 5180 510 18 determined determine VBN 5180 510 19 to to TO 5180 510 20 be be VB 5180 510 21 accurate accurate JJ 5180 510 22 and and CC 5180 510 23 valuable valuable JJ 5180 510 24 is be VBZ 5180 510 25 to to TO 5180 510 26 establish establish VB 5180 510 27 links link NNS 5180 510 28 to to TO 5180 510 29 " " `` 5180 510 30 recommended recommend VBN 5180 510 31 Web web NN 5180 510 32 sites site NNS 5180 510 33 " " '' 5180 510 34 from from IN 5180 510 35 the the DT 5180 510 36 public public JJ 5180 510 37 library library NN 5180 510 38 's 's POS 5180 510 39 home home NN 5180 510 40 page page NN 5180 510 41 ( ( -LRB- 5180 510 42 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 510 43 , , , 5180 510 44 the the DT 5180 510 45 page page NN 5180 510 46 that that WDT 5180 510 47 appears appear VBZ 5180 510 48 when when WRB 5180 510 49 patrons patron NNS 5180 510 50 begin begin VBP 5180 510 51 a a DT 5180 510 52 session session NN 5180 510 53 at at IN 5180 510 54 one one CD 5180 510 55 of of IN 5180 510 56 the the DT 5180 510 57 library library NN 5180 510 58 's 's POS 5180 510 59 public public JJ 5180 510 60 Internet internet NN 5180 510 61 terminals terminal NNS 5180 510 62 ) ) -RRB- 5180 510 63 . . . 5180 511 1 Librarians librarian NNS 5180 511 2 select select VBP 5180 511 3 these these DT 5180 511 4 recommended recommend VBN 5180 511 5 Web web NN 5180 511 6 sites site NNS 5180 511 7 by by IN 5180 511 8 using use VBG 5180 511 9 criteria criterion NNS 5180 511 10 similar similar JJ 5180 511 11 to to IN 5180 511 12 those those DT 5180 511 13 employed employ VBN 5180 511 14 in in IN 5180 511 15 traditional traditional JJ 5180 511 16 collection collection NN 5180 511 17 development development NN 5180 511 18 . . . 5180 512 1 However however RB 5180 512 2 , , , 5180 512 3 unless unless IN 5180 512 4 the the DT 5180 512 5 library library NN 5180 512 6 determines determine VBZ 5180 512 7 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 512 8 , , , 5180 512 9 selection selection NN 5180 512 10 of of IN 5180 512 11 these these DT 5180 512 12 specific specific JJ 5180 512 13 sites site NNS 5180 512 14 does do VBZ 5180 512 15 not not RB 5180 512 16 preclude preclude VB 5180 512 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 512 18 from from IN 5180 512 19 attempting attempt VBG 5180 512 20 to to TO 5180 512 21 access access VB 5180 512 22 other other JJ 5180 512 23 Internet internet NN 5180 512 24 Web web NN 5180 512 25 sites site NNS 5180 512 26 . . . 5180 513 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 513 2 may may MD 5180 513 3 extend extend VB 5180 513 4 the the DT 5180 513 5 " " `` 5180 513 6 recommended recommend VBN 5180 513 7 Web web NN 5180 513 8 sites site NNS 5180 513 9 " " '' 5180 513 10 method method NN 5180 513 11 further further RB 5180 513 12 by by IN 5180 513 13 limiting limit VBG 5180 513 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 513 15 ' ' POS 5180 513 16 access access NN 5180 513 17 to to IN 5180 513 18 only only RB 5180 513 19 those those DT 5180 513 20 Web web NN 5180 513 21 sites site NNS 5180 513 22 that that WDT 5180 513 23 are be VBP 5180 513 24 reviewed review VBN 5180 513 25 and and CC 5180 513 26 selected select VBN 5180 513 27 by by IN 5180 513 28 the the DT 5180 513 29 library library NN 5180 513 30 's 's POS 5180 513 31 staff staff NN 5180 513 32 . . . 5180 514 1 For for IN 5180 514 2 example example NN 5180 514 3 , , , 5180 514 4 in in IN 5180 514 5 1996 1996 CD 5180 514 6 , , , 5180 514 7 the the DT 5180 514 8 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 514 9 , , , 5180 514 10 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 514 11 Library Library NNP 5180 514 12 offered offer VBD 5180 514 13 Internet internet NN 5180 514 14 access access NN 5180 514 15 to to IN 5180 514 16 children child NNS 5180 514 17 through through IN 5180 514 18 a a DT 5180 514 19 service service NN 5180 514 20 called call VBN 5180 514 21 the the DT 5180 514 22 " " `` 5180 514 23 Library Library NNP 5180 514 24 Channel Channel NNP 5180 514 25 . . . 5180 514 26 " " '' 5180 515 1 This this DT 5180 515 2 service service NN 5180 515 3 was be VBD 5180 515 4 intended intend VBN 5180 515 5 to to TO 5180 515 6 be be VB 5180 515 7 a a DT 5180 515 8 means means NN 5180 515 9 by by IN 5180 515 10 which which WDT 5180 515 11 the the DT 5180 515 12 library library NN 5180 515 13 could could MD 5180 515 14 organize organize VB 5180 515 15 the the DT 5180 515 16 Internet internet NN 5180 515 17 in in IN 5180 515 18 some some DT 5180 515 19 fashion fashion NN 5180 515 20 for for IN 5180 515 21 presentation presentation NN 5180 515 22 to to IN 5180 515 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 515 24 . . . 5180 516 1 Through through IN 5180 516 2 the the DT 5180 516 3 Library Library NNP 5180 516 4 Channel Channel NNP 5180 516 5 , , , 5180 516 6 the the DT 5180 516 7 computers computer NNS 5180 516 8 in in IN 5180 516 9 the the DT 5180 516 10 children child NNS 5180 516 11 's 's POS 5180 516 12 section section NN 5180 516 13 of of IN 5180 516 14 the the DT 5180 516 15 library library NN 5180 516 16 were be VBD 5180 516 17 restricted restrict VBN 5180 516 18 to to IN 5180 516 19 2,000 2,000 CD 5180 516 20 to to TO 5180 516 21 3,000 3,000 CD 5180 516 22 sites site NNS 5180 516 23 selected select VBN 5180 516 24 by by IN 5180 516 25 librarians librarian NNS 5180 516 26 . . . 5180 517 1 After after IN 5180 517 2 three three CD 5180 517 3 years year NNS 5180 517 4 , , , 5180 517 5 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 517 6 stopped stop VBD 5180 517 7 using use VBG 5180 517 8 the the DT 5180 517 9 Library Library NNP 5180 517 10 Channel Channel NNP 5180 517 11 system system NN 5180 517 12 because because IN 5180 517 13 it -PRON- PRP 5180 517 14 overly overly RB 5180 517 15 constrained constrain VBD 5180 517 16 the the DT 5180 517 17 children child NNS 5180 517 18 's 's POS 5180 517 19 ability ability NN 5180 517 20 to to TO 5180 517 21 access access VB 5180 517 22 materials material NNS 5180 517 23 on on IN 5180 517 24 the the DT 5180 517 25 Internet internet NN 5180 517 26 , , , 5180 517 27 and and CC 5180 517 28 because because IN 5180 517 29 the the DT 5180 517 30 library library NN 5180 517 31 experienced experience VBD 5180 517 32 several several JJ 5180 517 33 technical technical JJ 5180 517 34 problems problem NNS 5180 517 35 with with IN 5180 517 36 the the DT 5180 517 37 system system NN 5180 517 38 . . . 5180 518 1 Public public JJ 5180 518 2 libraries library NNS 5180 518 3 also also RB 5180 518 4 use use VBP 5180 518 5 several several JJ 5180 518 6 different different JJ 5180 518 7 techniques technique NNS 5180 518 8 to to TO 5180 518 9 separate separate VB 5180 518 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 518 11 during during IN 5180 518 12 Internet internet NN 5180 518 13 sessions session NNS 5180 518 14 so so IN 5180 518 15 that that IN 5180 518 16 they -PRON- PRP 5180 518 17 will will MD 5180 518 18 not not RB 5180 518 19 see see VB 5180 518 20 what what WP 5180 518 21 other other JJ 5180 518 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 518 23 are be VBP 5180 518 24 viewing view VBG 5180 518 25 . . . 5180 519 1 The the DT 5180 519 2 simplest simple JJS 5180 519 3 way way NN 5180 519 4 to to TO 5180 519 5 achieve achieve VB 5180 519 6 this this DT 5180 519 7 result result NN 5180 519 8 is be VBZ 5180 519 9 to to TO 5180 519 10 position position VB 5180 519 11 the the DT 5180 519 12 library library NN 5180 519 13 's 's POS 5180 519 14 public public JJ 5180 519 15 Internet internet NN 5180 519 16 terminals terminal NNS 5180 519 17 so so IN 5180 519 18 that that IN 5180 519 19 they -PRON- PRP 5180 519 20 are be VBP 5180 519 21 located locate VBN 5180 519 22 away away RB 5180 519 23 from from IN 5180 519 24 traffic traffic NN 5180 519 25 patterns pattern NNS 5180 519 26 in in IN 5180 519 27 the the DT 5180 519 28 library library NN 5180 519 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 519 30 and and CC 5180 519 31 from from IN 5180 519 32 other other JJ 5180 519 33 terminals terminal NNS 5180 519 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 519 35 , , , 5180 519 36 for for IN 5180 519 37 example example NN 5180 519 38 , , , 5180 519 39 by by IN 5180 519 40 placing place VBG 5180 519 41 them -PRON- PRP 5180 519 42 so so IN 5180 519 43 that that IN 5180 519 44 they -PRON- PRP 5180 519 45 face face VBP 5180 519 46 a a DT 5180 519 47 wall wall NN 5180 519 48 . . . 5180 520 1 This this DT 5180 520 2 method method NN 5180 520 3 is be VBZ 5180 520 4 obviously obviously RB 5180 520 5 constrained constrain VBN 5180 520 6 by by IN 5180 520 7 libraries library NNS 5180 520 8 ' ' POS 5180 520 9 space space NN 5180 520 10 limitations limitation NNS 5180 520 11 and and CC 5180 520 12 physical physical JJ 5180 520 13 layout layout NN 5180 520 14 . . . 5180 521 1 Some some DT 5180 521 2 libraries library NNS 5180 521 3 have have VBP 5180 521 4 also also RB 5180 521 5 installed instal VBN 5180 521 6 privacy privacy NN 5180 521 7 screens screen NNS 5180 521 8 on on IN 5180 521 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 521 10 public public JJ 5180 521 11 Internet internet NN 5180 521 12 terminals terminal NNS 5180 521 13 . . . 5180 522 1 These these DT 5180 522 2 screens screen NNS 5180 522 3 make make VBP 5180 522 4 a a DT 5180 522 5 monitor monitor NN 5180 522 6 appear appear VB 5180 522 7 blank blank JJ 5180 522 8 unless unless IN 5180 522 9 the the DT 5180 522 10 viewer viewer NN 5180 522 11 is be VBZ 5180 522 12 looking look VBG 5180 522 13 at at IN 5180 522 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 522 15 head head NN 5180 522 16 - - HYPH 5180 522 17 on on RB 5180 522 18 . . . 5180 523 1 Although although IN 5180 523 2 the the DT 5180 523 3 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 523 4 and and CC 5180 523 5 Fort Fort NNP 5180 523 6 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 523 7 Libraries library NNS 5180 523 8 submitted submit VBD 5180 523 9 records record NNS 5180 523 10 showing show VBG 5180 523 11 that that IN 5180 523 12 they -PRON- PRP 5180 523 13 have have VBP 5180 523 14 received receive VBN 5180 523 15 few few JJ 5180 523 16 complaints complaint NNS 5180 523 17 regarding regard VBG 5180 523 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 523 19 ' ' POS 5180 523 20 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 523 21 exposure exposure NN 5180 523 22 to to IN 5180 523 23 materials material NNS 5180 523 24 on on IN 5180 523 25 the the DT 5180 523 26 Internet internet NN 5180 523 27 , , , 5180 523 28 privacy privacy NN 5180 523 29 screens screen NNS 5180 523 30 do do VBP 5180 523 31 not not RB 5180 523 32 always always RB 5180 523 33 prevent prevent VB 5180 523 34 library library NN 5180 523 35 patrons patron NNS 5180 523 36 or or CC 5180 523 37 employees employee NNS 5180 523 38 from from IN 5180 523 39 inadvertently inadvertently RB 5180 523 40 seeing see VBG 5180 523 41 the the DT 5180 523 42 materials material NNS 5180 523 43 that that WDT 5180 523 44 another another DT 5180 523 45 patron patron NN 5180 523 46 is be VBZ 5180 523 47 viewing view VBG 5180 523 48 when when WRB 5180 523 49 passing pass VBG 5180 523 50 directly directly RB 5180 523 51 behind behind IN 5180 523 52 a a DT 5180 523 53 terminal terminal NN 5180 523 54 . . . 5180 524 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 524 2 also also RB 5180 524 3 have have VBP 5180 524 4 the the DT 5180 524 5 drawback drawback NN 5180 524 6 of of IN 5180 524 7 making make VBG 5180 524 8 it -PRON- PRP 5180 524 9 difficult difficult JJ 5180 524 10 for for IN 5180 524 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 524 12 to to TO 5180 524 13 work work VB 5180 524 14 together together RB 5180 524 15 at at IN 5180 524 16 a a DT 5180 524 17 single single JJ 5180 524 18 terminal terminal NN 5180 524 19 , , , 5180 524 20 or or CC 5180 524 21 for for IN 5180 524 22 librarians librarian NNS 5180 524 23 to to TO 5180 524 24 assist assist VB 5180 524 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 524 26 at at IN 5180 524 27 terminals terminal NNS 5180 524 28 , , , 5180 524 29 because because IN 5180 524 30 it -PRON- PRP 5180 524 31 is be VBZ 5180 524 32 difficult difficult JJ 5180 524 33 for for IN 5180 524 34 two two CD 5180 524 35 people people NNS 5180 524 36 to to TO 5180 524 37 stand stand VB 5180 524 38 side side NN 5180 524 39 by by IN 5180 524 40 side side NN 5180 524 41 and and CC 5180 524 42 view view VB 5180 524 43 a a DT 5180 524 44 screen screen NN 5180 524 45 at at IN 5180 524 46 the the DT 5180 524 47 same same JJ 5180 524 48 time time NN 5180 524 49 . . . 5180 525 1 Some some DT 5180 525 2 library library NN 5180 525 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 525 4 also also RB 5180 525 5 find find VBP 5180 525 6 privacy privacy NN 5180 525 7 screens screen NNS 5180 525 8 to to TO 5180 525 9 be be VB 5180 525 10 a a DT 5180 525 11 hindrance hindrance NN 5180 525 12 and and CC 5180 525 13 have have VBP 5180 525 14 attempted attempt VBN 5180 525 15 to to TO 5180 525 16 remove remove VB 5180 525 17 them -PRON- PRP 5180 525 18 in in IN 5180 525 19 order order NN 5180 525 20 to to TO 5180 525 21 improve improve VB 5180 525 22 the the DT 5180 525 23 brightness brightness NN 5180 525 24 of of IN 5180 525 25 the the DT 5180 525 26 screen screen NN 5180 525 27 or or CC 5180 525 28 to to TO 5180 525 29 make make VB 5180 525 30 the the DT 5180 525 31 view view NN 5180 525 32 better well RBR 5180 525 33 . . . 5180 526 1 Another another DT 5180 526 2 method method NN 5180 526 3 that that WDT 5180 526 4 libraries library NNS 5180 526 5 use use VBP 5180 526 6 to to TO 5180 526 7 prevent prevent VB 5180 526 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 526 9 from from IN 5180 526 10 seeing see VBG 5180 526 11 what what WP 5180 526 12 other other JJ 5180 526 13 patrons patron NNS 5180 526 14 are be VBP 5180 526 15 viewing view VBG 5180 526 16 on on IN 5180 526 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 526 18 terminals terminal NNS 5180 526 19 is be VBZ 5180 526 20 the the DT 5180 526 21 installation installation NN 5180 526 22 of of IN 5180 526 23 " " `` 5180 526 24 recessed recess VBN 5180 526 25 monitors monitor NNS 5180 526 26 . . . 5180 526 27 " " '' 5180 527 1 Recessed recess VBN 5180 527 2 monitors monitor NNS 5180 527 3 are be VBP 5180 527 4 computer computer NN 5180 527 5 screens screen NNS 5180 527 6 that that WDT 5180 527 7 sit sit VBP 5180 527 8 below below IN 5180 527 9 the the DT 5180 527 10 level level NN 5180 527 11 of of IN 5180 527 12 a a DT 5180 527 13 desk desk NN 5180 527 14 top top NN 5180 527 15 and and CC 5180 527 16 are be VBP 5180 527 17 viewed view VBN 5180 527 18 from from IN 5180 527 19 above above RB 5180 527 20 . . . 5180 528 1 Although although IN 5180 528 2 recessed recess VBN 5180 528 3 monitors monitor NNS 5180 528 4 , , , 5180 528 5 especially especially RB 5180 528 6 when when WRB 5180 528 7 combined combine VBN 5180 528 8 with with IN 5180 528 9 privacy privacy NN 5180 528 10 screens screen NNS 5180 528 11 , , , 5180 528 12 eliminate eliminate VB 5180 528 13 almost almost RB 5180 528 14 all all DT 5180 528 15 of of IN 5180 528 16 the the DT 5180 528 17 possibility possibility NN 5180 528 18 of of IN 5180 528 19 a a DT 5180 528 20 patron patron NN 5180 528 21 accidentally accidentally RB 5180 528 22 viewing view VBG 5180 528 23 the the DT 5180 528 24 contents content NNS 5180 528 25 on on IN 5180 528 26 another another DT 5180 528 27 patron patron NN 5180 528 28 's 's POS 5180 528 29 screen screen NN 5180 528 30 , , , 5180 528 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 528 32 suffer suffer VBP 5180 528 33 from from IN 5180 528 34 the the DT 5180 528 35 same same JJ 5180 528 36 drawbacks drawback NNS 5180 528 37 as as IN 5180 528 38 privacy privacy NN 5180 528 39 screens screen NNS 5180 528 40 , , , 5180 528 41 that that RB 5180 528 42 is is RB 5180 528 43 , , , 5180 528 44 they -PRON- PRP 5180 528 45 make make VBP 5180 528 46 it -PRON- PRP 5180 528 47 difficult difficult JJ 5180 528 48 for for IN 5180 528 49 patrons patron NNS 5180 528 50 to to TO 5180 528 51 work work VB 5180 528 52 together together RB 5180 528 53 or or CC 5180 528 54 with with IN 5180 528 55 a a DT 5180 528 56 librarian librarian NN 5180 528 57 at at IN 5180 528 58 a a DT 5180 528 59 single single JJ 5180 528 60 terminal terminal NN 5180 528 61 . . . 5180 529 1 Some some DT 5180 529 2 librarians librarian NNS 5180 529 3 also also RB 5180 529 4 testified testify VBD 5180 529 5 that that IN 5180 529 6 recessed recess VBN 5180 529 7 monitors monitor NNS 5180 529 8 are be VBP 5180 529 9 costly costly JJ 5180 529 10 , , , 5180 529 11 but but CC 5180 529 12 did do VBD 5180 529 13 not not RB 5180 529 14 indicate indicate VB 5180 529 15 how how WRB 5180 529 16 expensive expensive JJ 5180 529 17 they -PRON- PRP 5180 529 18 are be VBP 5180 529 19 compared compare VBN 5180 529 20 to to IN 5180 529 21 privacy privacy NN 5180 529 22 screens screen NNS 5180 529 23 or or CC 5180 529 24 filtering filter VBG 5180 529 25 software software NN 5180 529 26 . . . 5180 530 1 A a DT 5180 530 2 related related JJ 5180 530 3 technique technique NN 5180 530 4 that that IN 5180 530 5 some some DT 5180 530 6 public public JJ 5180 530 7 libraries library NNS 5180 530 8 use use VBP 5180 530 9 is be VBZ 5180 530 10 to to TO 5180 530 11 create create VB 5180 530 12 a a DT 5180 530 13 separate separate JJ 5180 530 14 children child NNS 5180 530 15 's 's POS 5180 530 16 Internet internet NN 5180 530 17 viewing view VBG 5180 530 18 area area NN 5180 530 19 , , , 5180 530 20 where where WRB 5180 530 21 no no DT 5180 530 22 adults adult NNS 5180 530 23 except except IN 5180 530 24 those those DT 5180 530 25 accompanying accompany VBG 5180 530 26 children child NNS 5180 530 27 in in IN 5180 530 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 530 29 care care NN 5180 530 30 may may MD 5180 530 31 use use VB 5180 530 32 the the DT 5180 530 33 Internet internet NN 5180 530 34 terminals terminal NNS 5180 530 35 . . . 5180 531 1 This this DT 5180 531 2 serves serve VBZ 5180 531 3 the the DT 5180 531 4 objective objective NN 5180 531 5 of of IN 5180 531 6 keeping keep VBG 5180 531 7 children child NNS 5180 531 8 from from IN 5180 531 9 inadvertently inadvertently RB 5180 531 10 viewing view VBG 5180 531 11 materials material NNS 5180 531 12 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 531 13 only only RB 5180 531 14 for for IN 5180 531 15 adults adult NNS 5180 531 16 that that IN 5180 531 17 adults adult NNS 5180 531 18 may may MD 5180 531 19 be be VB 5180 531 20 viewing view VBG 5180 531 21 on on IN 5180 531 22 nearby nearby JJ 5180 531 23 terminals terminal NNS 5180 531 24 . . . 5180 532 1 A a DT 5180 532 2 third third JJ 5180 532 3 set set NN 5180 532 4 of of IN 5180 532 5 techniques technique NNS 5180 532 6 that that WDT 5180 532 7 public public JJ 5180 532 8 libraries library NNS 5180 532 9 have have VBP 5180 532 10 used use VBN 5180 532 11 to to TO 5180 532 12 enforce enforce VB 5180 532 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 532 14 Internet internet NN 5180 532 15 use use NN 5180 532 16 policies policy NNS 5180 532 17 takes take VBZ 5180 532 18 the the DT 5180 532 19 opposite opposite JJ 5180 532 20 tack tack NN 5180 532 21 from from IN 5180 532 22 the the DT 5180 532 23 privacy privacy NN 5180 532 24 screens screen NNS 5180 532 25 / / SYM 5180 532 26 recessed recess VBN 5180 532 27 monitors monitor NNS 5180 532 28 approach approach VBP 5180 532 29 by by IN 5180 532 30 placing place VBG 5180 532 31 all all DT 5180 532 32 of of IN 5180 532 33 the the DT 5180 532 34 library library NN 5180 532 35 's 's POS 5180 532 36 public public JJ 5180 532 37 Internet internet NN 5180 532 38 terminals terminal NNS 5180 532 39 in in IN 5180 532 40 prominent prominent JJ 5180 532 41 and and CC 5180 532 42 visible visible JJ 5180 532 43 locations location NNS 5180 532 44 , , , 5180 532 45 such such JJ 5180 532 46 as as IN 5180 532 47 near near IN 5180 532 48 the the DT 5180 532 49 library library NN 5180 532 50 's 's POS 5180 532 51 reference reference NN 5180 532 52 desk desk NN 5180 532 53 . . . 5180 533 1 This this DT 5180 533 2 approach approach NN 5180 533 3 allows allow VBZ 5180 533 4 librarians librarian NNS 5180 533 5 to to TO 5180 533 6 enforce enforce VB 5180 533 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 533 8 library library NN 5180 533 9 's 's POS 5180 533 10 Internet internet NN 5180 533 11 use use NN 5180 533 12 policy policy NN 5180 533 13 by by IN 5180 533 14 observing observe VBG 5180 533 15 what what WP 5180 533 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 533 17 are be VBP 5180 533 18 viewing view VBG 5180 533 19 and and CC 5180 533 20 employing employ VBG 5180 533 21 the the DT 5180 533 22 tap tap NN 5180 533 23 - - HYPH 5180 533 24 on on IN 5180 533 25 - - HYPH 5180 533 26 the the DT 5180 533 27 - - HYPH 5180 533 28 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 533 29 policy policy NN 5180 533 30 . . . 5180 534 1 Under under IN 5180 534 2 this this DT 5180 534 3 approach approach NN 5180 534 4 , , , 5180 534 5 when when WRB 5180 534 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 534 7 are be VBP 5180 534 8 viewing view VBG 5180 534 9 materials material NNS 5180 534 10 that that WDT 5180 534 11 are be VBP 5180 534 12 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 5180 534 13 with with IN 5180 534 14 the the DT 5180 534 15 library library NN 5180 534 16 's 's POS 5180 534 17 policies policy NNS 5180 534 18 , , , 5180 534 19 a a DT 5180 534 20 library library NN 5180 534 21 staff staff NN 5180 534 22 member member NN 5180 534 23 approaches approach VBZ 5180 534 24 them -PRON- PRP 5180 534 25 and and CC 5180 534 26 asks ask VBZ 5180 534 27 them -PRON- PRP 5180 534 28 to to TO 5180 534 29 view view VB 5180 534 30 something something NN 5180 534 31 else else RB 5180 534 32 , , , 5180 534 33 or or CC 5180 534 34 may may MD 5180 534 35 ask ask VB 5180 534 36 them -PRON- PRP 5180 534 37 to to TO 5180 534 38 end end VB 5180 534 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 534 40 Internet internet NN 5180 534 41 session session NN 5180 534 42 . . . 5180 535 1 A a DT 5180 535 2 patron patron NN 5180 535 3 who who WP 5180 535 4 does do VBZ 5180 535 5 not not RB 5180 535 6 comply comply VB 5180 535 7 with with IN 5180 535 8 these these DT 5180 535 9 requests request NNS 5180 535 10 , , , 5180 535 11 or or CC 5180 535 12 who who WP 5180 535 13 repeatedly repeatedly RB 5180 535 14 views view VBZ 5180 535 15 materials material NNS 5180 535 16 not not RB 5180 535 17 permitted permit VBN 5180 535 18 under under IN 5180 535 19 the the DT 5180 535 20 library library NN 5180 535 21 's 's POS 5180 535 22 Internet internet NN 5180 535 23 use use NN 5180 535 24 policy policy NN 5180 535 25 , , , 5180 535 26 may may MD 5180 535 27 have have VB 5180 535 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 535 29 or or CC 5180 535 30 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 535 31 Internet internet NN 5180 535 32 or or CC 5180 535 33 library library NN 5180 535 34 privileges privilege NNS 5180 535 35 suspended suspend VBN 5180 535 36 or or CC 5180 535 37 revoked revoke VBN 5180 535 38 . . . 5180 536 1 But but CC 5180 536 2 many many JJ 5180 536 3 librarians librarian NNS 5180 536 4 are be VBP 5180 536 5 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 5180 536 6 with with IN 5180 536 7 approaching approach VBG 5180 536 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 536 9 who who WP 5180 536 10 are be VBP 5180 536 11 viewing view VBG 5180 536 12 sexually sexually RB 5180 536 13 explicit explicit JJ 5180 536 14 images image NNS 5180 536 15 , , , 5180 536 16 finding find VBG 5180 536 17 confrontation confrontation NN 5180 536 18 unpleasant unpleasant JJ 5180 536 19 . . . 5180 537 1 Hence hence RB 5180 537 2 some some DT 5180 537 3 libraries library NNS 5180 537 4 are be VBP 5180 537 5 reluctant reluctant JJ 5180 537 6 to to TO 5180 537 7 apply apply VB 5180 537 8 the the DT 5180 537 9 tap tap NN 5180 537 10 - - HYPH 5180 537 11 on on IN 5180 537 12 - - HYPH 5180 537 13 the- the- NN 5180 537 14 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 537 15 policy policy NN 5180 537 16 . . . 5180 538 1 The the DT 5180 538 2 fourth fourth JJ 5180 538 3 category category NN 5180 538 4 of of IN 5180 538 5 methods method NNS 5180 538 6 that that WDT 5180 538 7 public public JJ 5180 538 8 libraries library NNS 5180 538 9 employ employ VBP 5180 538 10 to to TO 5180 538 11 enforce enforce VB 5180 538 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 538 13 Internet internet NN 5180 538 14 use use NN 5180 538 15 policies policy NNS 5180 538 16 , , , 5180 538 17 and and CC 5180 538 18 the the DT 5180 538 19 one one NN 5180 538 20 that that WDT 5180 538 21 gives give VBZ 5180 538 22 rise rise VB 5180 538 23 to to IN 5180 538 24 this this DT 5180 538 25 case case NN 5180 538 26 , , , 5180 538 27 is be VBZ 5180 538 28 the the DT 5180 538 29 use use NN 5180 538 30 of of IN 5180 538 31 Internet internet NN 5180 538 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 538 33 software software NN 5180 538 34 . . . 5180 539 1 According accord VBG 5180 539 2 to to IN 5180 539 3 the the DT 5180 539 4 June June NNP 5180 539 5 2000 2000 CD 5180 539 6 Survey Survey NNP 5180 539 7 of of IN 5180 539 8 Internet Internet NNP 5180 539 9 Access Access NNP 5180 539 10 Management Management NNP 5180 539 11 in in IN 5180 539 12 Public Public NNP 5180 539 13 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 539 14 , , , 5180 539 15 approximately approximately RB 5180 539 16 7 7 CD 5180 539 17 % % NN 5180 539 18 of of IN 5180 539 19 libraries library NNS 5180 539 20 with with IN 5180 539 21 public public JJ 5180 539 22 Internet internet NN 5180 539 23 access access NN 5180 539 24 had have VBD 5180 539 25 mandated mandate VBN 5180 539 26 the the DT 5180 539 27 use use NN 5180 539 28 of of IN 5180 539 29 blocking block VBG 5180 539 30 programs program NNS 5180 539 31 by by IN 5180 539 32 adult adult NN 5180 539 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 539 34 . . . 5180 540 1 Some some DT 5180 540 2 public public JJ 5180 540 3 libraries library NNS 5180 540 4 provide provide VBP 5180 540 5 patrons patron NNS 5180 540 6 with with IN 5180 540 7 the the DT 5180 540 8 option option NN 5180 540 9 of of IN 5180 540 10 using use VBG 5180 540 11 a a DT 5180 540 12 blocking block VBG 5180 540 13 program program NN 5180 540 14 , , , 5180 540 15 allowing allow VBG 5180 540 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 540 17 to to TO 5180 540 18 decide decide VB 5180 540 19 whether whether IN 5180 540 20 to to TO 5180 540 21 engage engage VB 5180 540 22 the the DT 5180 540 23 program program NN 5180 540 24 when when WRB 5180 540 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 540 26 or or CC 5180 540 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 540 28 children child NNS 5180 540 29 access access VBP 5180 540 30 the the DT 5180 540 31 Internet internet NN 5180 540 32 . . . 5180 541 1 Other other JJ 5180 541 2 public public JJ 5180 541 3 libraries library NNS 5180 541 4 require require VBP 5180 541 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 541 6 child child NN 5180 541 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 541 8 to to TO 5180 541 9 use use VB 5180 541 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 541 11 software software NN 5180 541 12 , , , 5180 541 13 but but CC 5180 541 14 not not RB 5180 541 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 541 16 adult adult NN 5180 541 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 541 18 . . . 5180 542 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 542 2 software software NN 5180 542 3 vendors vendor NNS 5180 542 4 sell sell VBP 5180 542 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 542 6 products product NNS 5180 542 7 on on IN 5180 542 8 a a DT 5180 542 9 subscription subscription NN 5180 542 10 basis basis NN 5180 542 11 . . . 5180 543 1 The the DT 5180 543 2 cost cost NN 5180 543 3 of of IN 5180 543 4 a a DT 5180 543 5 subscription subscription NN 5180 543 6 varies vary VBZ 5180 543 7 with with IN 5180 543 8 the the DT 5180 543 9 number number NN 5180 543 10 of of IN 5180 543 11 computers computer NNS 5180 543 12 on on IN 5180 543 13 which which WDT 5180 543 14 the the DT 5180 543 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 543 16 software software NN 5180 543 17 will will MD 5180 543 18 be be VB 5180 543 19 used use VBN 5180 543 20 . . . 5180 544 1 In in IN 5180 544 2 2001 2001 CD 5180 544 3 , , , 5180 544 4 the the DT 5180 544 5 cost cost NN 5180 544 6 of of IN 5180 544 7 the the DT 5180 544 8 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 544 9 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 544 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 544 11 software software NN 5180 544 12 was be VBD 5180 544 13 $ $ $ 5180 544 14 1,950 1,950 CD 5180 544 15 for for IN 5180 544 16 100 100 CD 5180 544 17 terminal terminal JJ 5180 544 18 licenses license NNS 5180 544 19 . . . 5180 545 1 The the DT 5180 545 2 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 545 3 County County NNP 5180 545 4 Library Library NNP 5180 545 5 System System NNP 5180 545 6 pays pay VBZ 5180 545 7 $ $ $ 5180 545 8 2,500 2,500 CD 5180 545 9 per per IN 5180 545 10 year year NN 5180 545 11 for for IN 5180 545 12 the the DT 5180 545 13 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 545 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 545 15 software software NN 5180 545 16 , , , 5180 545 17 and and CC 5180 545 18 a a DT 5180 545 19 subscription subscription NN 5180 545 20 to to IN 5180 545 21 the the DT 5180 545 22 Websense Websense NNP 5180 545 23 filter filter NN 5180 545 24 costs cost VBZ 5180 545 25 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 545 26 Public Public NNP 5180 545 27 Library Library NNP 5180 545 28 approximately approximately RB 5180 545 29 $ $ $ 5180 545 30 1,200 1,200 CD 5180 545 31 per per IN 5180 545 32 year year NN 5180 545 33 . . . 5180 546 1 No no DT 5180 546 2 evidence evidence NN 5180 546 3 was be VBD 5180 546 4 presented present VBN 5180 546 5 on on IN 5180 546 6 the the DT 5180 546 7 cost cost NN 5180 546 8 of of IN 5180 546 9 privacy privacy NN 5180 546 10 screens screen NNS 5180 546 11 , , , 5180 546 12 recessed recess VBN 5180 546 13 monitors monitor NNS 5180 546 14 , , , 5180 546 15 and and CC 5180 546 16 the the DT 5180 546 17 tap tap NN 5180 546 18 - - HYPH 5180 546 19 on on IN 5180 546 20 - - HYPH 5180 546 21 the the DT 5180 546 22 - - HYPH 5180 546 23 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 546 24 policy policy NN 5180 546 25 , , , 5180 546 26 relative relative JJ 5180 546 27 to to IN 5180 546 28 the the DT 5180 546 29 costs cost NNS 5180 546 30 of of IN 5180 546 31 filtering filter VBG 5180 546 32 software software NN 5180 546 33 . . . 5180 547 1 Nor nor CC 5180 547 2 did do VBD 5180 547 3 any any DT 5180 547 4 of of IN 5180 547 5 the the DT 5180 547 6 libraries library NNS 5180 547 7 proffered proffer VBN 5180 547 8 by by IN 5180 547 9 the the DT 5180 547 10 government government NN 5180 547 11 present present VB 5180 547 12 any any DT 5180 547 13 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 547 14 evidence evidence NN 5180 547 15 on on IN 5180 547 16 the the DT 5180 547 17 relative relative JJ 5180 547 18 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 547 19 of of IN 5180 547 20 use use NN 5180 547 21 of of IN 5180 547 22 privacy privacy NN 5180 547 23 screens screen NNS 5180 547 24 to to TO 5180 547 25 prevent prevent VB 5180 547 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 547 27 from from IN 5180 547 28 being be VBG 5180 547 29 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 547 30 exposed expose VBN 5180 547 31 to to IN 5180 547 32 sexually sexually RB 5180 547 33 explicit explicit JJ 5180 547 34 material material NN 5180 547 35 , , , 5180 547 36 and and CC 5180 547 37 the the DT 5180 547 38 use use NN 5180 547 39 of of IN 5180 547 40 filters filter NNS 5180 547 41 , , , 5180 547 42 discussed discuss VBN 5180 547 43 below below RB 5180 547 44 . . . 5180 548 1 No no DT 5180 548 2 evidence evidence NN 5180 548 3 was be VBD 5180 548 4 presented present VBN 5180 548 5 , , , 5180 548 6 for for IN 5180 548 7 example example NN 5180 548 8 , , , 5180 548 9 comparing compare VBG 5180 548 10 the the DT 5180 548 11 number number NN 5180 548 12 of of IN 5180 548 13 patron patron NN 5180 548 14 complaints complaint NNS 5180 548 15 in in IN 5180 548 16 those those DT 5180 548 17 libraries library NNS 5180 548 18 that that WDT 5180 548 19 have have VBP 5180 548 20 tried try VBN 5180 548 21 both both DT 5180 548 22 methods method NNS 5180 548 23 . . . 5180 549 1 The the DT 5180 549 2 librarians librarian NNS 5180 549 3 who who WP 5180 549 4 testified testify VBD 5180 549 5 at at IN 5180 549 6 trial trial NN 5180 549 7 whose whose WP$ 5180 549 8 libraries library NNS 5180 549 9 use use VBP 5180 549 10 Internet internet NN 5180 549 11 filtering filter VBG 5180 549 12 software software NN 5180 549 13 all all DT 5180 549 14 provide provide VBP 5180 549 15 methods method NNS 5180 549 16 by by IN 5180 549 17 which which WDT 5180 549 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 549 19 patrons patron NNS 5180 549 20 may may MD 5180 549 21 ask ask VB 5180 549 22 the the DT 5180 549 23 library library NN 5180 549 24 to to TO 5180 549 25 unblock unblock VB 5180 549 26 specific specific JJ 5180 549 27 Web web NN 5180 549 28 sites site NNS 5180 549 29 or or CC 5180 549 30 pages page NNS 5180 549 31 . . . 5180 550 1 Of of IN 5180 550 2 these these DT 5180 550 3 , , , 5180 550 4 only only RB 5180 550 5 the the DT 5180 550 6 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 550 7 Public Public NNP 5180 550 8 Library Library NNP 5180 550 9 allows allow VBZ 5180 550 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 550 11 to to TO 5180 550 12 request request VB 5180 550 13 that that IN 5180 550 14 a a DT 5180 550 15 URL url NN 5180 550 16 be be VB 5180 550 17 unblocked unblocked JJ 5180 550 18 without without IN 5180 550 19 providing provide VBG 5180 550 20 any any DT 5180 550 21 identifying identify VBG 5180 550 22 information information NN 5180 550 23 ; ; : 5180 550 24 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 550 25 allows allow VBZ 5180 550 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 550 27 to to TO 5180 550 28 request request VB 5180 550 29 a a DT 5180 550 30 URL url NN 5180 550 31 by by IN 5180 550 32 sending send VBG 5180 550 33 an an DT 5180 550 34 email email NN 5180 550 35 from from IN 5180 550 36 the the DT 5180 550 37 Internet internet NN 5180 550 38 terminal terminal NN 5180 550 39 that that IN 5180 550 40 the the DT 5180 550 41 patron patron NN 5180 550 42 is be VBZ 5180 550 43 using use VBG 5180 550 44 that that WDT 5180 550 45 does do VBZ 5180 550 46 not not RB 5180 550 47 contain contain VB 5180 550 48 a a DT 5180 550 49 return return NN 5180 550 50 email email NN 5180 550 51 address address NN 5180 550 52 for for IN 5180 550 53 the the DT 5180 550 54 user user NN 5180 550 55 . . . 5180 551 1 David David NNP 5180 551 2 Biek Biek NNP 5180 551 3 , , , 5180 551 4 the the DT 5180 551 5 head head NN 5180 551 6 librarian librarian NN 5180 551 7 at at IN 5180 551 8 the the DT 5180 551 9 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 551 10 Library Library NNP 5180 551 11 's 's POS 5180 551 12 main main JJ 5180 551 13 branch branch NN 5180 551 14 , , , 5180 551 15 testified testify VBD 5180 551 16 at at IN 5180 551 17 trial trial NN 5180 551 18 that that IN 5180 551 19 the the DT 5180 551 20 library library NN 5180 551 21 keeps keep VBZ 5180 551 22 records record NNS 5180 551 23 that that WDT 5180 551 24 would would MD 5180 551 25 enable enable VB 5180 551 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 551 27 to to TO 5180 551 28 know know VB 5180 551 29 which which WDT 5180 551 30 patrons patron NNS 5180 551 31 made make VBD 5180 551 32 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 551 33 requests request NNS 5180 551 34 , , , 5180 551 35 but but CC 5180 551 36 does do VBZ 5180 551 37 not not RB 5180 551 38 use use VB 5180 551 39 that that DT 5180 551 40 information information NN 5180 551 41 to to TO 5180 551 42 connect connect VB 5180 551 43 users user NNS 5180 551 44 with with IN 5180 551 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 551 46 requests request NNS 5180 551 47 . . . 5180 552 1 Biek Biek NNP 5180 552 2 also also RB 5180 552 3 testified testify VBD 5180 552 4 that that IN 5180 552 5 he -PRON- PRP 5180 552 6 periodically periodically RB 5180 552 7 scans scan VBZ 5180 552 8 the the DT 5180 552 9 library library NN 5180 552 10 's 's POS 5180 552 11 Internet internet NN 5180 552 12 use use NN 5180 552 13 logs log NNS 5180 552 14 to to TO 5180 552 15 search search VB 5180 552 16 for for IN 5180 552 17 : : : 5180 552 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 552 19 1 1 LS 5180 552 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 552 21 URLs url NNS 5180 552 22 that that WDT 5180 552 23 were be VBD 5180 552 24 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 552 25 blocked block VBN 5180 552 26 , , , 5180 552 27 so so IN 5180 552 28 that that IN 5180 552 29 he -PRON- PRP 5180 552 30 may may MD 5180 552 31 unblock unblock VB 5180 552 32 them -PRON- PRP 5180 552 33 ; ; : 5180 552 34 or or CC 5180 552 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 552 36 2 2 LS 5180 552 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 552 38 URLs url NNS 5180 552 39 that that WDT 5180 552 40 should should MD 5180 552 41 have have VB 5180 552 42 been be VBN 5180 552 43 blocked block VBN 5180 552 44 , , , 5180 552 45 but but CC 5180 552 46 were be VBD 5180 552 47 not not RB 5180 552 48 , , , 5180 552 49 in in IN 5180 552 50 order order NN 5180 552 51 to to TO 5180 552 52 add add VB 5180 552 53 them -PRON- PRP 5180 552 54 to to IN 5180 552 55 a a DT 5180 552 56 blocked block VBN 5180 552 57 category category NN 5180 552 58 list list NN 5180 552 59 . . . 5180 553 1 In in IN 5180 553 2 the the DT 5180 553 3 course course NN 5180 553 4 of of IN 5180 553 5 scanning scan VBG 5180 553 6 the the DT 5180 553 7 use use NN 5180 553 8 logs log VBZ 5180 553 9 , , , 5180 553 10 Biek Biek NNP 5180 553 11 has have VBZ 5180 553 12 also also RB 5180 553 13 found find VBN 5180 553 14 what what WP 5180 553 15 looked look VBD 5180 553 16 like like IN 5180 553 17 attempts attempt NNS 5180 553 18 to to TO 5180 553 19 access access VB 5180 553 20 child child NN 5180 553 21 pornography pornography NN 5180 553 22 . . . 5180 554 1 In in IN 5180 554 2 two two CD 5180 554 3 cases case NNS 5180 554 4 , , , 5180 554 5 he -PRON- PRP 5180 554 6 communicated communicate VBD 5180 554 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 554 8 findings finding NNS 5180 554 9 to to IN 5180 554 10 law law NN 5180 554 11 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 554 12 and and CC 5180 554 13 turned turn VBD 5180 554 14 over over RP 5180 554 15 the the DT 5180 554 16 logs log NNS 5180 554 17 in in IN 5180 554 18 response response NN 5180 554 19 to to IN 5180 554 20 a a DT 5180 554 21 subpoena subpoena NN 5180 554 22 . . . 5180 555 1 At at IN 5180 555 2 all all DT 5180 555 3 events event NNS 5180 555 4 , , , 5180 555 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 555 6 takes take VBZ 5180 555 7 time time NN 5180 555 8 for for IN 5180 555 9 librarians librarian NNS 5180 555 10 to to TO 5180 555 11 make make VB 5180 555 12 decisions decision NNS 5180 555 13 about about IN 5180 555 14 whether whether IN 5180 555 15 to to TO 5180 555 16 honor honor VB 5180 555 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 555 18 ' ' POS 5180 555 19 requests request NNS 5180 555 20 to to IN 5180 555 21 unblock unblock VB 5180 555 22 Web web NN 5180 555 23 pages page NNS 5180 555 24 . . . 5180 556 1 In in IN 5180 556 2 the the DT 5180 556 3 libraries library NNS 5180 556 4 proffered proffer VBN 5180 556 5 by by IN 5180 556 6 the the DT 5180 556 7 defendants defendant NNS 5180 556 8 , , , 5180 556 9 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 556 10 decisions decision NNS 5180 556 11 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 556 12 take take VBP 5180 556 13 between between IN 5180 556 14 24 24 CD 5180 556 15 hours hour NNS 5180 556 16 and and CC 5180 556 17 a a DT 5180 556 18 week week NN 5180 556 19 . . . 5180 557 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 557 2 , , , 5180 557 3 none none NN 5180 557 4 of of IN 5180 557 5 these these DT 5180 557 6 libraries library NNS 5180 557 7 allows allow VBZ 5180 557 8 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 5180 557 9 access access NN 5180 557 10 to to IN 5180 557 11 the the DT 5180 557 12 Internet internet NN 5180 557 13 pending pende VBG 5180 557 14 a a DT 5180 557 15 determination determination NN 5180 557 16 of of IN 5180 557 17 the the DT 5180 557 18 validity validity NN 5180 557 19 of of IN 5180 557 20 a a DT 5180 557 21 Web web NN 5180 557 22 site site NN 5180 557 23 blocked block VBN 5180 557 24 by by IN 5180 557 25 the the DT 5180 557 26 blocking block VBG 5180 557 27 programs program NNS 5180 557 28 . . . 5180 558 1 A a DT 5180 558 2 few few JJ 5180 558 3 of of IN 5180 558 4 the the DT 5180 558 5 defendants defendant NNS 5180 558 6 ' ' POS 5180 558 7 proffered proffer VBN 5180 558 8 libraries library NNS 5180 558 9 represented represent VBD 5180 558 10 that that IN 5180 558 11 individual individual JJ 5180 558 12 librarians librarian NNS 5180 558 13 would would MD 5180 558 14 have have VB 5180 558 15 the the DT 5180 558 16 discretion discretion NN 5180 558 17 to to TO 5180 558 18 allow allow VB 5180 558 19 a a DT 5180 558 20 patron patron NN 5180 558 21 to to TO 5180 558 22 have have VB 5180 558 23 full full JJ 5180 558 24 Internet internet NN 5180 558 25 access access NN 5180 558 26 on on IN 5180 558 27 a a DT 5180 558 28 staff staff NN 5180 558 29 computer computer NN 5180 558 30 upon upon IN 5180 558 31 request request NN 5180 558 32 , , , 5180 558 33 but but CC 5180 558 34 none none NN 5180 558 35 claimed claim VBD 5180 558 36 that that IN 5180 558 37 allowing allow VBG 5180 558 38 such such JJ 5180 558 39 access access NN 5180 558 40 was be VBD 5180 558 41 mandatory mandatory JJ 5180 558 42 , , , 5180 558 43 and and CC 5180 558 44 patron patron NN 5180 558 45 access access NN 5180 558 46 is be VBZ 5180 558 47 supervised supervise VBN 5180 558 48 in in IN 5180 558 49 every every DT 5180 558 50 instance instance NN 5180 558 51 . . . 5180 559 1 None none NN 5180 559 2 of of IN 5180 559 3 these these DT 5180 559 4 libraries library NNS 5180 559 5 makes make VBZ 5180 559 6 differential differential NN 5180 559 7 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 559 8 decisions decision NNS 5180 559 9 based base VBN 5180 559 10 on on IN 5180 559 11 the the DT 5180 559 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 559 13 ' ' POS 5180 559 14 age age NN 5180 559 15 . . . 5180 560 1 Unblocking unblock VBG 5180 560 2 decisions decision NNS 5180 560 3 are be VBP 5180 560 4 usually usually RB 5180 560 5 made make VBN 5180 560 6 identically identically RB 5180 560 7 for for IN 5180 560 8 adults adult NNS 5180 560 9 and and CC 5180 560 10 minors minor NNS 5180 560 11 . . . 5180 561 1 Unblocking unblock VBG 5180 561 2 decisions decision NNS 5180 561 3 even even RB 5180 561 4 for for IN 5180 561 5 adults adult NNS 5180 561 6 are be VBP 5180 561 7 usually usually RB 5180 561 8 based base VBN 5180 561 9 on on IN 5180 561 10 suitability suitability NN 5180 561 11 of of IN 5180 561 12 the the DT 5180 561 13 Web web NN 5180 561 14 site site NN 5180 561 15 for for IN 5180 561 16 minors minor NNS 5180 561 17 . . . 5180 562 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 562 2 is be VBZ 5180 562 3 apparent apparent JJ 5180 562 4 that that IN 5180 562 5 many many JJ 5180 562 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 562 7 are be VBP 5180 562 8 reluctant reluctant JJ 5180 562 9 or or CC 5180 562 10 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 562 11 to to TO 5180 562 12 ask ask VB 5180 562 13 librarians librarian NNS 5180 562 14 to to TO 5180 562 15 unblock unblock VB 5180 562 16 Web web NN 5180 562 17 pages page NNS 5180 562 18 or or CC 5180 562 19 sites site NNS 5180 562 20 that that WDT 5180 562 21 contain contain VBP 5180 562 22 only only RB 5180 562 23 materials material NNS 5180 562 24 that that WDT 5180 562 25 might may MD 5180 562 26 be be VB 5180 562 27 deemed deem VBN 5180 562 28 personal personal JJ 5180 562 29 or or CC 5180 562 30 embarrassing embarrassing JJ 5180 562 31 , , , 5180 562 32 even even RB 5180 562 33 if if IN 5180 562 34 they -PRON- PRP 5180 562 35 are be VBP 5180 562 36 not not RB 5180 562 37 sexually sexually RB 5180 562 38 explicit explicit JJ 5180 562 39 or or CC 5180 562 40 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 562 41 . . . 5180 563 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 563 2 credit credit VBP 5180 563 3 the the DT 5180 563 4 testimony testimony NN 5180 563 5 of of IN 5180 563 6 Emmalyn Emmalyn NNP 5180 563 7 Rood Rood NNP 5180 563 8 , , , 5180 563 9 discussed discuss VBN 5180 563 10 above above RB 5180 563 11 , , , 5180 563 12 that that IN 5180 563 13 she -PRON- PRP 5180 563 14 would would MD 5180 563 15 have have VB 5180 563 16 been be VBN 5180 563 17 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 563 18 as as IN 5180 563 19 a a DT 5180 563 20 young young JJ 5180 563 21 teen teen NN 5180 563 22 to to TO 5180 563 23 ask ask VB 5180 563 24 a a DT 5180 563 25 librarian librarian NN 5180 563 26 to to TO 5180 563 27 disable disable VB 5180 563 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 563 29 software software NN 5180 563 30 so so IN 5180 563 31 that that IN 5180 563 32 she -PRON- PRP 5180 563 33 could could MD 5180 563 34 view view VB 5180 563 35 materials material NNS 5180 563 36 concerning concern VBG 5180 563 37 gay gay NN 5180 563 38 and and CC 5180 563 39 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 563 40 issues issue NNS 5180 563 41 . . . 5180 564 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 564 2 also also RB 5180 564 3 credit credit VBP 5180 564 4 the the DT 5180 564 5 testimony testimony NN 5180 564 6 of of IN 5180 564 7 Mark Mark NNP 5180 564 8 Brown Brown NNP 5180 564 9 , , , 5180 564 10 who who WP 5180 564 11 stated state VBD 5180 564 12 that that IN 5180 564 13 he -PRON- PRP 5180 564 14 would would MD 5180 564 15 have have VB 5180 564 16 been be VBN 5180 564 17 too too RB 5180 564 18 embarrassed embarrassed JJ 5180 564 19 to to TO 5180 564 20 ask ask VB 5180 564 21 a a DT 5180 564 22 librarian librarian NN 5180 564 23 to to TO 5180 564 24 disable disable VB 5180 564 25 filtering filter VBG 5180 564 26 software software NN 5180 564 27 if if IN 5180 564 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 564 29 had have VBD 5180 564 30 impeded impede VBN 5180 564 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 564 32 ability ability NN 5180 564 33 to to TO 5180 564 34 research research VB 5180 564 35 treatments treatment NNS 5180 564 36 and and CC 5180 564 37 cosmetic cosmetic JJ 5180 564 38 surgery surgery NN 5180 564 39 options option NNS 5180 564 40 for for IN 5180 564 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 564 42 mother mother NN 5180 564 43 when when WRB 5180 564 44 she -PRON- PRP 5180 564 45 was be VBD 5180 564 46 diagnosed diagnose VBN 5180 564 47 with with IN 5180 564 48 breast breast NN 5180 564 49 cancer cancer NN 5180 564 50 . . . 5180 565 1 The the DT 5180 565 2 pattern pattern NN 5180 565 3 of of IN 5180 565 4 patron patron NN 5180 565 5 requests request NNS 5180 565 6 to to TO 5180 565 7 unblock unblock VB 5180 565 8 specific specific JJ 5180 565 9 URLs url NNS 5180 565 10 in in IN 5180 565 11 the the DT 5180 565 12 various various JJ 5180 565 13 libraries library NNS 5180 565 14 involved involve VBN 5180 565 15 in in IN 5180 565 16 this this DT 5180 565 17 case case NN 5180 565 18 also also RB 5180 565 19 confirms confirm VBZ 5180 565 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 565 21 finding finding NN 5180 565 22 that that IN 5180 565 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 565 24 are be VBP 5180 565 25 largely largely RB 5180 565 26 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 565 27 to to TO 5180 565 28 make make VB 5180 565 29 unblocking unblocking JJ 5180 565 30 requests request NNS 5180 565 31 unless unless IN 5180 565 32 they -PRON- PRP 5180 565 33 are be VBP 5180 565 34 permitted permit VBN 5180 565 35 to to TO 5180 565 36 do do VB 5180 565 37 so so RB 5180 565 38 anonymously anonymously RB 5180 565 39 . . . 5180 566 1 For for IN 5180 566 2 example example NN 5180 566 3 , , , 5180 566 4 the the DT 5180 566 5 Fulton Fulton NNP 5180 566 6 County County NNP 5180 566 7 Library Library NNP 5180 566 8 receives receive VBZ 5180 566 9 only only RB 5180 566 10 about about RB 5180 566 11 6 6 CD 5180 566 12 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 566 13 requests request NNS 5180 566 14 each each DT 5180 566 15 year year NN 5180 566 16 , , , 5180 566 17 the the DT 5180 566 18 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 566 19 Public Public NNP 5180 566 20 Library Library NNP 5180 566 21 has have VBZ 5180 566 22 received receive VBN 5180 566 23 only only RB 5180 566 24 28 28 CD 5180 566 25 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 566 26 requests request NNS 5180 566 27 since since IN 5180 566 28 August August NNP 5180 566 29 21 21 CD 5180 566 30 , , , 5180 566 31 2000 2000 CD 5180 566 32 , , , 5180 566 33 and and CC 5180 566 34 the the DT 5180 566 35 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 566 36 , , , 5180 566 37 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 566 38 Library Library NNP 5180 566 39 has have VBZ 5180 566 40 received receive VBN 5180 566 41 fewer few JJR 5180 566 42 than than IN 5180 566 43 10 10 CD 5180 566 44 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 566 45 requests request NNS 5180 566 46 since since IN 5180 566 47 1999 1999 CD 5180 566 48 . . . 5180 567 1 In in IN 5180 567 2 light light NN 5180 567 3 of of IN 5180 567 4 the the DT 5180 567 5 fact fact NN 5180 567 6 that that IN 5180 567 7 a a DT 5180 567 8 substantial substantial JJ 5180 567 9 amount amount NN 5180 567 10 of of IN 5180 567 11 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 567 12 occurs occur VBZ 5180 567 13 in in IN 5180 567 14 these these DT 5180 567 15 very very JJ 5180 567 16 libraries library NNS 5180 567 17 , , , 5180 567 18 see see VB 5180 567 19 infra infra NNP 5180 567 20 Subsection Subsection NNP 5180 567 21 II.E.4 II.E.4 NNP 5180 567 22 , , , 5180 567 23 we -PRON- PRP 5180 567 24 find find VBP 5180 567 25 that that IN 5180 567 26 the the DT 5180 567 27 lack lack NN 5180 567 28 of of IN 5180 567 29 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 567 30 requests request NNS 5180 567 31 in in IN 5180 567 32 these these DT 5180 567 33 libraries library NNS 5180 567 34 does do VBZ 5180 567 35 not not RB 5180 567 36 reflect reflect VB 5180 567 37 the the DT 5180 567 38 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 567 39 of of IN 5180 567 40 the the DT 5180 567 41 filters filter NNS 5180 567 42 , , , 5180 567 43 but but CC 5180 567 44 rather rather RB 5180 567 45 reflects reflect VBZ 5180 567 46 patrons patron NNS 5180 567 47 ' ' POS 5180 567 48 reluctance reluctance NN 5180 567 49 to to TO 5180 567 50 ask ask VB 5180 567 51 librarians librarian NNS 5180 567 52 to to IN 5180 567 53 unblock unblock VB 5180 567 54 sites site NNS 5180 567 55 . . . 5180 568 1 5 5 CD 5180 568 2 . . . 5180 569 1 Internet internet NN 5180 569 2 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 569 3 Technology Technology NNP 5180 569 4 1 1 CD 5180 569 5 . . . 5180 570 1 What what WP 5180 570 2 Is be VBZ 5180 570 3 Filtering filter VBG 5180 570 4 Software software NN 5180 570 5 , , , 5180 570 6 Who who WP 5180 570 7 Makes make VBZ 5180 570 8 It -PRON- PRP 5180 570 9 , , , 5180 570 10 and and CC 5180 570 11 What what WP 5180 570 12 Does do VBZ 5180 570 13 It -PRON- PRP 5180 570 14 Do do VB 5180 570 15 ? ? . 5180 571 1 Commercially commercially RB 5180 571 2 available available JJ 5180 571 3 products product NNS 5180 571 4 that that WDT 5180 571 5 can can MD 5180 571 6 be be VB 5180 571 7 configured configure VBN 5180 571 8 to to TO 5180 571 9 block block VB 5180 571 10 or or CC 5180 571 11 filter filter VB 5180 571 12 access access NN 5180 571 13 to to IN 5180 571 14 certain certain JJ 5180 571 15 material material NN 5180 571 16 on on IN 5180 571 17 the the DT 5180 571 18 Internet internet NN 5180 571 19 are be VBP 5180 571 20 among among IN 5180 571 21 the the DT 5180 571 22 " " `` 5180 571 23 technology technology NN 5180 571 24 protection protection NN 5180 571 25 measures measure NNS 5180 571 26 " " '' 5180 571 27 that that WDT 5180 571 28 may may MD 5180 571 29 be be VB 5180 571 30 used use VBN 5180 571 31 to to TO 5180 571 32 attempt attempt VB 5180 571 33 to to TO 5180 571 34 comply comply VB 5180 571 35 with with IN 5180 571 36 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 571 37 . . . 5180 572 1 There there EX 5180 572 2 are be VBP 5180 572 3 numerous numerous JJ 5180 572 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 572 5 software software NN 5180 572 6 products product NNS 5180 572 7 available available JJ 5180 572 8 commercially commercially RB 5180 572 9 . . . 5180 573 1 Three three CD 5180 573 2 network network NN 5180 573 3 - - HYPH 5180 573 4 based base VBN 5180 573 5 filtering filtering NN 5180 573 6 products product NNS 5180 573 7 – – : 5180 573 8 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 573 9 's 's POS 5180 573 10 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 573 11 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 573 12 , , , 5180 573 13 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 573 14 's 's POS 5180 573 15 Bess Bess NNP 5180 573 16 / / SYM 5180 573 17 i2100 i2100 NNP 5180 573 18 , , , 5180 573 19 and and CC 5180 573 20 Secure Secure NNP 5180 573 21 Computing Computing NNP 5180 573 22 's 's POS 5180 573 23 SmartFilter SmartFilter NNP 5180 573 24 – – : 5180 573 25 currently currently RB 5180 573 26 have have VBP 5180 573 27 the the DT 5180 573 28 lion lion NN 5180 573 29 's 's POS 5180 573 30 share share NN 5180 573 31 of of IN 5180 573 32 the the DT 5180 573 33 public public JJ 5180 573 34 library library NN 5180 573 35 market market NN 5180 573 36 . . . 5180 574 1 The the DT 5180 574 2 parties party NNS 5180 574 3 in in IN 5180 574 4 this this DT 5180 574 5 case case NN 5180 574 6 deposed depose VBD 5180 574 7 representatives representative NNS 5180 574 8 from from IN 5180 574 9 these these DT 5180 574 10 three three CD 5180 574 11 companies company NNS 5180 574 12 . . . 5180 575 1 Websense websense NN 5180 575 2 , , , 5180 575 3 another another DT 5180 575 4 network network NN 5180 575 5 - - HYPH 5180 575 6 based base VBN 5180 575 7 blocking block VBG 5180 575 8 product product NN 5180 575 9 , , , 5180 575 10 is be VBZ 5180 575 11 also also RB 5180 575 12 currently currently RB 5180 575 13 used use VBN 5180 575 14 in in IN 5180 575 15 the the DT 5180 575 16 public public JJ 5180 575 17 library library NN 5180 575 18 market market NN 5180 575 19 , , , 5180 575 20 and and CC 5180 575 21 was be VBD 5180 575 22 discussed discuss VBN 5180 575 23 at at IN 5180 575 24 trial trial NN 5180 575 25 . . . 5180 576 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 576 2 software software NN 5180 576 3 may may MD 5180 576 4 be be VB 5180 576 5 installed instal VBN 5180 576 6 either either CC 5180 576 7 on on IN 5180 576 8 an an DT 5180 576 9 individual individual JJ 5180 576 10 computer computer NN 5180 576 11 or or CC 5180 576 12 on on IN 5180 576 13 a a DT 5180 576 14 computer computer NN 5180 576 15 network network NN 5180 576 16 . . . 5180 577 1 Network network NN 5180 577 2 - - HYPH 5180 577 3 based base VBN 5180 577 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 577 5 software software NN 5180 577 6 products product NNS 5180 577 7 are be VBP 5180 577 8 designed design VBN 5180 577 9 for for IN 5180 577 10 use use NN 5180 577 11 on on IN 5180 577 12 a a DT 5180 577 13 network network NN 5180 577 14 of of IN 5180 577 15 computers computer NNS 5180 577 16 and and CC 5180 577 17 funnel funnel NN 5180 577 18 requests request NNS 5180 577 19 for for IN 5180 577 20 Internet internet NN 5180 577 21 content content NN 5180 577 22 through through IN 5180 577 23 a a DT 5180 577 24 centralized centralized JJ 5180 577 25 network network NN 5180 577 26 device device NN 5180 577 27 . . . 5180 578 1 Of of IN 5180 578 2 the the DT 5180 578 3 various various JJ 5180 578 4 commercially commercially RB 5180 578 5 available available JJ 5180 578 6 blocking blocking NN 5180 578 7 products product NNS 5180 578 8 , , , 5180 578 9 network network NN 5180 578 10 - - HYPH 5180 578 11 based base VBN 5180 578 12 products product NNS 5180 578 13 are be VBP 5180 578 14 the the DT 5180 578 15 ones one NNS 5180 578 16 generally generally RB 5180 578 17 marketed market VBN 5180 578 18 to to IN 5180 578 19 institutions institution NNS 5180 578 20 , , , 5180 578 21 such such JJ 5180 578 22 as as IN 5180 578 23 public public JJ 5180 578 24 libraries library NNS 5180 578 25 , , , 5180 578 26 that that WDT 5180 578 27 provide provide VBP 5180 578 28 Internet internet NN 5180 578 29 access access NN 5180 578 30 through through IN 5180 578 31 multiple multiple JJ 5180 578 32 terminals terminal NNS 5180 578 33 . . . 5180 579 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 579 2 programs program NNS 5180 579 3 function function VBP 5180 579 4 in in IN 5180 579 5 a a DT 5180 579 6 fairly fairly RB 5180 579 7 simple simple JJ 5180 579 8 way way NN 5180 579 9 . . . 5180 580 1 When when WRB 5180 580 2 an an DT 5180 580 3 Internet internet NN 5180 580 4 user user NN 5180 580 5 requests request NNS 5180 580 6 access access NN 5180 580 7 to to IN 5180 580 8 a a DT 5180 580 9 certain certain JJ 5180 580 10 Web web NN 5180 580 11 site site NN 5180 580 12 or or CC 5180 580 13 page page NN 5180 580 14 , , , 5180 580 15 either either CC 5180 580 16 by by IN 5180 580 17 entering enter VBG 5180 580 18 a a DT 5180 580 19 domain domain NN 5180 580 20 name name NN 5180 580 21 or or CC 5180 580 22 IP IP NNP 5180 580 23 address address NN 5180 580 24 into into IN 5180 580 25 a a DT 5180 580 26 Web web NN 5180 580 27 browser browser NN 5180 580 28 , , , 5180 580 29 or or CC 5180 580 30 by by IN 5180 580 31 clicking click VBG 5180 580 32 on on IN 5180 580 33 a a DT 5180 580 34 link link NN 5180 580 35 , , , 5180 580 36 the the DT 5180 580 37 filtering filter VBG 5180 580 38 software software NN 5180 580 39 checks check NNS 5180 580 40 that that WDT 5180 580 41 domain domain VBP 5180 580 42 name name NN 5180 580 43 or or CC 5180 580 44 IP IP NNP 5180 580 45 address address NN 5180 580 46 against against IN 5180 580 47 a a DT 5180 580 48 previously previously RB 5180 580 49 compiled compile VBN 5180 580 50 " " `` 5180 580 51 control control NN 5180 580 52 list list NN 5180 580 53 " " '' 5180 580 54 that that WDT 5180 580 55 may may MD 5180 580 56 contain contain VB 5180 580 57 up up RP 5180 580 58 to to IN 5180 580 59 hundreds hundred NNS 5180 580 60 of of IN 5180 580 61 thousands thousand NNS 5180 580 62 of of IN 5180 580 63 URLs url NNS 5180 580 64 . . . 5180 581 1 The the DT 5180 581 2 three three CD 5180 581 3 companies company NNS 5180 581 4 deposed depose VBN 5180 581 5 in in IN 5180 581 6 this this DT 5180 581 7 case case NN 5180 581 8 have have VBP 5180 581 9 control control NN 5180 581 10 lists list NNS 5180 581 11 containing contain VBG 5180 581 12 between between IN 5180 581 13 200,000 200,000 CD 5180 581 14 and and CC 5180 581 15 600,000 600,000 CD 5180 581 16 URLs url NNS 5180 581 17 . . . 5180 582 1 These these DT 5180 582 2 lists list NNS 5180 582 3 determine determine VBP 5180 582 4 which which WDT 5180 582 5 URLs URLs NNP 5180 582 6 will will MD 5180 582 7 be be VB 5180 582 8 blocked block VBN 5180 582 9 . . . 5180 583 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 583 2 software software NN 5180 583 3 companies company NNS 5180 583 4 divide divide VBP 5180 583 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 583 6 control control NN 5180 583 7 lists list NNS 5180 583 8 into into IN 5180 583 9 multiple multiple JJ 5180 583 10 categories category NNS 5180 583 11 for for IN 5180 583 12 which which WDT 5180 583 13 they -PRON- PRP 5180 583 14 have have VBP 5180 583 15 created create VBN 5180 583 16 unique unique JJ 5180 583 17 definitions definition NNS 5180 583 18 . . . 5180 584 1 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 584 2 uses use VBZ 5180 584 3 40 40 CD 5180 584 4 such such JJ 5180 584 5 categories category NNS 5180 584 6 , , , 5180 584 7 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 584 8 uses use VBZ 5180 584 9 35 35 CD 5180 584 10 categories category NNS 5180 584 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 584 12 and and CC 5180 584 13 seven seven CD 5180 584 14 " " `` 5180 584 15 exception exception NN 5180 584 16 " " '' 5180 584 17 categories category NNS 5180 584 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 584 19 , , , 5180 584 20 Websense Websense NNP 5180 584 21 uses use VBZ 5180 584 22 30 30 CD 5180 584 23 categories category NNS 5180 584 24 , , , 5180 584 25 and and CC 5180 584 26 Secure Secure NNP 5180 584 27 Computing Computing NNP 5180 584 28 uses use VBZ 5180 584 29 30 30 CD 5180 584 30 categories category NNS 5180 584 31 . . . 5180 585 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 585 2 software software NN 5180 585 3 customers customer NNS 5180 585 4 choose choose VB 5180 585 5 which which WDT 5180 585 6 categories category NNS 5180 585 7 of of IN 5180 585 8 URLs url NNS 5180 585 9 they -PRON- PRP 5180 585 10 wish wish VBP 5180 585 11 to to TO 5180 585 12 enable enable VB 5180 585 13 . . . 5180 586 1 A a DT 5180 586 2 user user NN 5180 586 3 " " `` 5180 586 4 enables enable VBZ 5180 586 5 " " '' 5180 586 6 a a DT 5180 586 7 category category NN 5180 586 8 in in IN 5180 586 9 a a DT 5180 586 10 filtering filtering NN 5180 586 11 program program NN 5180 586 12 by by IN 5180 586 13 configuring configure VBG 5180 586 14 the the DT 5180 586 15 program program NN 5180 586 16 to to TO 5180 586 17 block block VB 5180 586 18 all all DT 5180 586 19 of of IN 5180 586 20 the the DT 5180 586 21 Web web NN 5180 586 22 pages page NNS 5180 586 23 listed list VBN 5180 586 24 in in IN 5180 586 25 that that DT 5180 586 26 category category NN 5180 586 27 . . . 5180 587 1 The the DT 5180 587 2 following follow VBG 5180 587 3 is be VBZ 5180 587 4 a a DT 5180 587 5 list list NN 5180 587 6 of of IN 5180 587 7 the the DT 5180 587 8 categories category NNS 5180 587 9 offered offer VBN 5180 587 10 by by IN 5180 587 11 each each DT 5180 587 12 of of IN 5180 587 13 these these DT 5180 587 14 four four CD 5180 587 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 587 16 programs program NNS 5180 587 17 . . . 5180 588 1 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 588 2 's 's POS 5180 588 3 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 588 4 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 588 5 offers offer VBZ 5180 588 6 the the DT 5180 588 7 following follow VBG 5180 588 8 categories category NNS 5180 588 9 : : : 5180 588 10 Adult adult NN 5180 588 11 / / SYM 5180 588 12 Sexually sexually RB 5180 588 13 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 588 14 ; ; , 5180 588 15 Advertisements advertisement NNS 5180 588 16 ; ; : 5180 588 17 Arts Arts NNP 5180 588 18 & & CC 5180 588 19 Entertainment Entertainment NNP 5180 588 20 ; ; : 5180 588 21 Chat Chat NNP 5180 588 22 ; ; : 5180 588 23 Computing Computing NNP 5180 588 24 & & CC 5180 588 25 Internet Internet NNP 5180 588 26 ; ; : 5180 588 27 Criminal Criminal NNP 5180 588 28 Skills Skills NNPS 5180 588 29 ; ; : 5180 588 30 Drugs Drugs NNP 5180 588 31 , , , 5180 588 32 Alcohol Alcohol NNP 5180 588 33 & & CC 5180 588 34 Tobacco Tobacco NNP 5180 588 35 ; ; : 5180 588 36 Education Education NNP 5180 588 37 ; ; : 5180 588 38 Finance Finance NNP 5180 588 39 & & CC 5180 588 40 Investment Investment NNP 5180 588 41 ; ; : 5180 588 42 Food Food NNP 5180 588 43 & & CC 5180 588 44 Drink Drink NNP 5180 588 45 ; ; : 5180 588 46 Gambling gambling NN 5180 588 47 ; ; : 5180 588 48 Games Games NNPS 5180 588 49 ; ; : 5180 588 50 Glamour Glamour NNP 5180 588 51 & & CC 5180 588 52 Intimate Intimate NNP 5180 588 53 Apparel Apparel NNP 5180 588 54 ; ; : 5180 588 55 Government Government NNP 5180 588 56 & & CC 5180 588 57 Politics Politics NNPS 5180 588 58 ; ; : 5180 588 59 Hacking Hacking NNP 5180 588 60 ; ; : 5180 588 61 Hate Hate NNP 5180 588 62 Speech Speech NNP 5180 588 63 ; ; : 5180 588 64 Health Health NNP 5180 588 65 & & CC 5180 588 66 Medicine Medicine NNP 5180 588 67 ; ; : 5180 588 68 Hobbies Hobbies NNP 5180 588 69 & & CC 5180 588 70 Recreation Recreation NNP 5180 588 71 ; ; : 5180 588 72 Hosting host VBG 5180 588 73 Sites site NNS 5180 588 74 ; ; : 5180 588 75 Job Job NNP 5180 588 76 Search Search NNP 5180 588 77 & & CC 5180 588 78 Career Career NNP 5180 588 79 Development Development NNP 5180 588 80 ; ; : 5180 588 81 Kids Kids NNPS 5180 588 82 ' ' POS 5180 588 83 Sites site NNS 5180 588 84 ; ; : 5180 588 85 Lifestyle Lifestyle NNP 5180 588 86 & & CC 5180 588 87 Culture Culture NNP 5180 588 88 ; ; , 5180 588 89 Motor Motor NNP 5180 588 90 Vehicles Vehicles NNPS 5180 588 91 ; ; : 5180 588 92 News news NN 5180 588 93 ; ; : 5180 588 94 Personals Personals NNPS 5180 588 95 & & CC 5180 588 96 Dating Dating NNP 5180 588 97 ; ; : 5180 588 98 Photo Photo NNP 5180 588 99 Searches Searches NNPS 5180 588 100 ; ; : 5180 588 101 Real real JJ 5180 588 102 Estate estate NN 5180 588 103 ; ; : 5180 588 104 Reference reference NN 5180 588 105 ; ; : 5180 588 106 Religion religion NN 5180 588 107 ; ; : 5180 588 108 Remote Remote NNP 5180 588 109 Proxies Proxies NNPS 5180 588 110 ; ; : 5180 588 111 Sex Sex NNP 5180 588 112 Education education NN 5180 588 113 ; ; : 5180 588 114 Search Search NNP 5180 588 115 Engines engine NNS 5180 588 116 ; ; : 5180 588 117 Shopping shopping NN 5180 588 118 ; ; : 5180 588 119 Sports sport NNS 5180 588 120 ; ; : 5180 588 121 Streaming streaming NN 5180 588 122 Media medium NNS 5180 588 123 ; ; : 5180 588 124 Travel travel NN 5180 588 125 ; ; : 5180 588 126 Usenet Usenet NNP 5180 588 127 News News NNP 5180 588 128 ; ; : 5180 588 129 Violence violence NN 5180 588 130 ; ; : 5180 588 131 Weapons weapon NNS 5180 588 132 ; ; : 5180 588 133 and and CC 5180 588 134 Web web NN 5180 588 135 - - HYPH 5180 588 136 based base VBN 5180 588 137 Email Email NNP 5180 588 138 . . . 5180 589 1 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 589 2 offers offer VBZ 5180 589 3 the the DT 5180 589 4 following follow VBG 5180 589 5 categories category NNS 5180 589 6 : : : 5180 589 7 Adults adult NNS 5180 589 8 Only only RB 5180 589 9 ; ; : 5180 589 10 Alcohol alcohol NN 5180 589 11 ; ; : 5180 589 12 Auction auction NN 5180 589 13 ; ; : 5180 589 14 Chat Chat NNP 5180 589 15 ; ; : 5180 589 16 Drugs drug NNS 5180 589 17 ; ; : 5180 589 18 Electronic Electronic NNP 5180 589 19 Commerce Commerce NNP 5180 589 20 ; ; : 5180 589 21 Employment Employment NNP 5180 589 22 Search Search NNP 5180 589 23 ; ; : 5180 589 24 Free free JJ 5180 589 25 Mail Mail NNP 5180 589 26 ; ; : 5180 589 27 Free free JJ 5180 589 28 Pages Pages NNPS 5180 589 29 ; ; : 5180 589 30 Gambling gambling NN 5180 589 31 ; ; : 5180 589 32 Games Games NNPS 5180 589 33 ; ; : 5180 589 34 Hate hate NN 5180 589 35 / / SYM 5180 589 36 Discrimination discrimination NN 5180 589 37 ; ; : 5180 589 38 Illegal illegal JJ 5180 589 39 ; ; : 5180 589 40 Jokes joke NNS 5180 589 41 ; ; : 5180 589 42 Lingerie Lingerie NNP 5180 589 43 ; ; : 5180 589 44 Message message NN 5180 589 45 / / SYM 5180 589 46 Bulletin Bulletin NNP 5180 589 47 Boards Boards NNPS 5180 589 48 ; ; : 5180 589 49 Murder murder NN 5180 589 50 / / SYM 5180 589 51 Suicide Suicide NNP 5180 589 52 ; ; : 5180 589 53 News news NN 5180 589 54 ; ; : 5180 589 55 Nudity nudity NN 5180 589 56 ; ; , 5180 589 57 Personal personal JJ 5180 589 58 Information information NN 5180 589 59 ; ; : 5180 589 60 Personals personal NNS 5180 589 61 ; ; : 5180 589 62 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 589 63 ; ; : 5180 589 64 Profanity Profanity NNP 5180 589 65 ; ; : 5180 589 66 Recreation Recreation NNP 5180 589 67 / / SYM 5180 589 68 Entertainment Entertainment NNP 5180 589 69 ; ; : 5180 589 70 School School NNP 5180 589 71 Cheating Cheating NNP 5180 589 72 Information Information NNP 5180 589 73 ; ; : 5180 589 74 Search Search NNP 5180 589 75 Engines engine NNS 5180 589 76 ; ; : 5180 589 77 Search Search NNP 5180 589 78 Terms term NNS 5180 589 79 ; ; : 5180 589 80 Sex sex NN 5180 589 81 ; ; : 5180 589 82 Sports sport NNS 5180 589 83 ; ; : 5180 589 84 Stocks stock NNS 5180 589 85 ; ; : 5180 589 86 Swimsuits swimsuit NNS 5180 589 87 ; ; : 5180 589 88 Tasteless tasteless NN 5180 589 89 / / SYM 5180 589 90 Gross gross JJ 5180 589 91 ; ; : 5180 589 92 Tobacco Tobacco NNP 5180 589 93 ; ; : 5180 589 94 Violence violence NN 5180 589 95 ; ; : 5180 589 96 and and CC 5180 589 97 Weapons weapon NNS 5180 589 98 . . . 5180 590 1 The the DT 5180 590 2 " " `` 5180 590 3 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 590 4 " " '' 5180 590 5 category category NN 5180 590 6 purports purport NNS 5180 590 7 to to TO 5180 590 8 block block VB 5180 590 9 only only RB 5180 590 10 " " `` 5180 590 11 non non JJ 5180 590 12 - - JJ 5180 590 13 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 590 14 " " '' 5180 590 15 images image NNS 5180 590 16 . . . 5180 591 1 The the DT 5180 591 2 " " `` 5180 591 3 Sex sex NN 5180 591 4 " " '' 5180 591 5 category category NN 5180 591 6 is be VBZ 5180 591 7 intended intend VBN 5180 591 8 to to TO 5180 591 9 block block VB 5180 591 10 only only RB 5180 591 11 those those DT 5180 591 12 depictions depiction NNS 5180 591 13 of of IN 5180 591 14 sexual sexual JJ 5180 591 15 activity activity NN 5180 591 16 that that WDT 5180 591 17 are be VBP 5180 591 18 not not RB 5180 591 19 intended intend VBN 5180 591 20 to to TO 5180 591 21 arouse arouse VB 5180 591 22 . . . 5180 592 1 The the DT 5180 592 2 " " `` 5180 592 3 Tasteless Tasteless NNP 5180 592 4 / / SYM 5180 592 5 Gross Gross NNP 5180 592 6 " " '' 5180 592 7 category category NN 5180 592 8 includes include VBZ 5180 592 9 contents content NNS 5180 592 10 such such JJ 5180 592 11 as as IN 5180 592 12 " " `` 5180 592 13 tasteless tasteless JJ 5180 592 14 humor humor NN 5180 592 15 " " '' 5180 592 16 and and CC 5180 592 17 " " `` 5180 592 18 graphic graphic JJ 5180 592 19 medical medical JJ 5180 592 20 or or CC 5180 592 21 accident accident NN 5180 592 22 scene scene NN 5180 592 23 photos photo NNS 5180 592 24 . . . 5180 592 25 " " '' 5180 593 1 Additionally additionally RB 5180 593 2 , , , 5180 593 3 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 593 4 offers offer VBZ 5180 593 5 seven seven CD 5180 593 6 " " `` 5180 593 7 exception exception NN 5180 593 8 categories category NNS 5180 593 9 . . . 5180 593 10 " " '' 5180 594 1 These these DT 5180 594 2 exception exception NN 5180 594 3 categories category NNS 5180 594 4 include include VBP 5180 594 5 Education Education NNP 5180 594 6 , , , 5180 594 7 Filtered Filtered NNP 5180 594 8 Search Search NNP 5180 594 9 Engine Engine NNP 5180 594 10 , , , 5180 594 11 For for IN 5180 594 12 Kids Kids NNPS 5180 594 13 , , , 5180 594 14 History history NN 5180 594 15 , , , 5180 594 16 Medical Medical NNP 5180 594 17 , , , 5180 594 18 Moderated Moderated NNP 5180 594 19 , , , 5180 594 20 and and CC 5180 594 21 Text Text NNP 5180 594 22 / / SYM 5180 594 23 Spoken Spoken NNP 5180 594 24 Only only RB 5180 594 25 . . . 5180 595 1 When when WRB 5180 595 2 an an DT 5180 595 3 exception exception NN 5180 595 4 category category NN 5180 595 5 is be VBZ 5180 595 6 enabled enable VBN 5180 595 7 , , , 5180 595 8 access access NN 5180 595 9 to to IN 5180 595 10 any any DT 5180 595 11 Web web NN 5180 595 12 site site NN 5180 595 13 or or CC 5180 595 14 page page NN 5180 595 15 via via IN 5180 595 16 a a DT 5180 595 17 URL url NN 5180 595 18 associated associate VBN 5180 595 19 with with IN 5180 595 20 both both CC 5180 595 21 a a DT 5180 595 22 category category NN 5180 595 23 and and CC 5180 595 24 an an DT 5180 595 25 exception exception NN 5180 595 26 , , , 5180 595 27 for for IN 5180 595 28 example example NN 5180 595 29 , , , 5180 595 30 both both CC 5180 595 31 " " `` 5180 595 32 Sex sex NN 5180 595 33 " " '' 5180 595 34 and and CC 5180 595 35 " " `` 5180 595 36 Education Education NNP 5180 595 37 , , , 5180 595 38 " " '' 5180 595 39 will will MD 5180 595 40 be be VB 5180 595 41 allowed allow VBN 5180 595 42 , , , 5180 595 43 even even RB 5180 595 44 if if IN 5180 595 45 the the DT 5180 595 46 customer customer NN 5180 595 47 has have VBZ 5180 595 48 enabled enable VBN 5180 595 49 the the DT 5180 595 50 product product NN 5180 595 51 to to TO 5180 595 52 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 595 53 block block VB 5180 595 54 the the DT 5180 595 55 category category NN 5180 595 56 " " `` 5180 595 57 Sex sex NN 5180 595 58 . . . 5180 595 59 " " '' 5180 596 1 As as IN 5180 596 2 of of IN 5180 596 3 November November NNP 5180 596 4 15 15 CD 5180 596 5 , , , 5180 596 6 2001 2001 CD 5180 596 7 , , , 5180 596 8 of of IN 5180 596 9 those those DT 5180 596 10 Web web NN 5180 596 11 sites site NNS 5180 596 12 categorized categorize VBN 5180 596 13 by by IN 5180 596 14 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 596 15 as as IN 5180 596 16 " " `` 5180 596 17 Sex sex NN 5180 596 18 , , , 5180 596 19 " " '' 5180 596 20 3.6 3.6 CD 5180 596 21 % % NN 5180 596 22 were be VBD 5180 596 23 also also RB 5180 596 24 categorized categorize VBN 5180 596 25 as as IN 5180 596 26 " " `` 5180 596 27 Education Education NNP 5180 596 28 , , , 5180 596 29 " " '' 5180 596 30 2.9 2.9 CD 5180 596 31 % % NN 5180 596 32 as as IN 5180 596 33 " " `` 5180 596 34 Medical medical JJ 5180 596 35 , , , 5180 596 36 " " '' 5180 596 37 and and CC 5180 596 38 1.6 1.6 CD 5180 596 39 % % NN 5180 596 40 as as IN 5180 596 41 " " `` 5180 596 42 History history NN 5180 596 43 . . . 5180 596 44 " " '' 5180 597 1 Websense websense NN 5180 597 2 offers offer VBZ 5180 597 3 the the DT 5180 597 4 following follow VBG 5180 597 5 categories category NNS 5180 597 6 : : : 5180 597 7 Abortion Abortion NNP 5180 597 8 Advocacy Advocacy NNP 5180 597 9 ; ; : 5180 597 10 Advocacy Advocacy NNP 5180 597 11 Groups Groups NNPS 5180 597 12 ; ; : 5180 597 13 Adult Adult NNP 5180 597 14 Material material NN 5180 597 15 ; ; : 5180 597 16 Business Business NNP 5180 597 17 & & CC 5180 597 18 Economy Economy NNP 5180 597 19 ; ; : 5180 597 20 Drugs Drugs NNP 5180 597 21 ; ; : 5180 597 22 Education Education NNP 5180 597 23 ; ; : 5180 597 24 Entertainment entertainment NN 5180 597 25 ; ; : 5180 597 26 Gambling gambling NN 5180 597 27 ; ; : 5180 597 28 Games Games NNPS 5180 597 29 ; ; : 5180 597 30 Government Government NNP 5180 597 31 ; ; : 5180 597 32 Health Health NNP 5180 597 33 ; ; : 5180 597 34 Illegal Illegal NNP 5180 597 35 / / SYM 5180 597 36 Questionable questionable JJ 5180 597 37 ; ; : 5180 597 38 Information Information NNP 5180 597 39 Technology Technology NNP 5180 597 40 ; ; : 5180 597 41 Internet internet NN 5180 597 42 Communication communication NN 5180 597 43 ; ; : 5180 597 44 Job Job NNP 5180 597 45 Search Search NNP 5180 597 46 ; ; : 5180 597 47 Militancy Militancy NNP 5180 597 48 / / SYM 5180 597 49 Extremist Extremist NNP 5180 597 50 ; ; : 5180 597 51 News News NNP 5180 597 52 & & CC 5180 597 53 Media Media NNP 5180 597 54 ; ; : 5180 597 55 Productivity Productivity NNP 5180 597 56 Management Management NNP 5180 597 57 ; ; : 5180 597 58 Bandwidth Bandwidth NNP 5180 597 59 Management Management NNP 5180 597 60 ; ; : 5180 597 61 Racism Racism NNP 5180 597 62 / / SYM 5180 597 63 Hate Hate NNP 5180 597 64 ; ; : 5180 597 65 Religion religion NN 5180 597 66 ; ; : 5180 597 67 Shopping shopping NN 5180 597 68 ; ; : 5180 597 69 Society Society NNP 5180 597 70 & & CC 5180 597 71 Lifestyle Lifestyle NNP 5180 597 72 ; ; , 5180 597 73 Special special JJ 5180 597 74 Events event NNS 5180 597 75 ; ; : 5180 597 76 Sports sport NNS 5180 597 77 ; ; : 5180 597 78 Tasteless tasteless JJ 5180 597 79 ; ; : 5180 597 80 Travel travel NN 5180 597 81 ; ; : 5180 597 82 Vehicles vehicle NNS 5180 597 83 ; ; : 5180 597 84 Violence violence NN 5180 597 85 ; ; : 5180 597 86 and and CC 5180 597 87 Weapons weapon NNS 5180 597 88 . . . 5180 598 1 The the DT 5180 598 2 " " `` 5180 598 3 Adult Adult NNP 5180 598 4 " " '' 5180 598 5 category category NN 5180 598 6 includes include VBZ 5180 598 7 " " `` 5180 598 8 full full JJ 5180 598 9 or or CC 5180 598 10 partial partial JJ 5180 598 11 nudity nudity NN 5180 598 12 of of IN 5180 598 13 individuals individual NNS 5180 598 14 , , , 5180 598 15 " " '' 5180 598 16 as as RB 5180 598 17 well well RB 5180 598 18 as as IN 5180 598 19 sites site NNS 5180 598 20 offering offer VBG 5180 598 21 " " `` 5180 598 22 light light JJ 5180 598 23 adult adult NN 5180 598 24 humor humor NN 5180 598 25 and and CC 5180 598 26 literature literature NN 5180 598 27 " " '' 5180 598 28 and and CC 5180 598 29 " " `` 5180 598 30 [ [ -LRB- 5180 598 31 s]exually s]exually NNP 5180 598 32 explicit explicit JJ 5180 598 33 language language NN 5180 598 34 . . . 5180 598 35 " " '' 5180 599 1 The the DT 5180 599 2 " " `` 5180 599 3 Sexuality Sexuality NNP 5180 599 4 / / SYM 5180 599 5 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 599 6 " " '' 5180 599 7 category category NN 5180 599 8 includes include VBZ 5180 599 9 , , , 5180 599 10 inter inter NNP 5180 599 11 alia alia NNP 5180 599 12 , , , 5180 599 13 " " `` 5180 599 14 hard hard JJ 5180 599 15 - - HYPH 5180 599 16 core core NN 5180 599 17 adult adult NN 5180 599 18 humor humor NN 5180 599 19 and and CC 5180 599 20 literature literature NN 5180 599 21 " " '' 5180 599 22 and and CC 5180 599 23 " " `` 5180 599 24 [ [ -LRB- 5180 599 25 s]exually s]exually NNP 5180 599 26 explicit explicit JJ 5180 599 27 language language NN 5180 599 28 . . . 5180 599 29 " " '' 5180 600 1 The the DT 5180 600 2 " " `` 5180 600 3 Tasteless Tasteless NNP 5180 600 4 " " '' 5180 600 5 category category NN 5180 600 6 includes include VBZ 5180 600 7 " " `` 5180 600 8 hard hard RB 5180 600 9 - - HYPH 5180 600 10 to to IN 5180 600 11 - - HYPH 5180 600 12 stomach stomach NN 5180 600 13 sites site NNS 5180 600 14 , , , 5180 600 15 including include VBG 5180 600 16 offensive offensive JJ 5180 600 17 , , , 5180 600 18 worthless worthless JJ 5180 600 19 or or CC 5180 600 20 useless useless JJ 5180 600 21 sites site NNS 5180 600 22 , , , 5180 600 23 grotesque grotesque NN 5180 600 24 or or CC 5180 600 25 lurid lurid NNP 5180 600 26 depictions depiction NNS 5180 600 27 of of IN 5180 600 28 bodily bodily JJ 5180 600 29 harm harm NN 5180 600 30 . . . 5180 600 31 " " '' 5180 601 1 The the DT 5180 601 2 " " `` 5180 601 3 Hacking Hacking NNP 5180 601 4 " " '' 5180 601 5 category category NN 5180 601 6 blocks block NNS 5180 601 7 " " '' 5180 601 8 sites site NNS 5180 601 9 providing provide VBG 5180 601 10 information information NN 5180 601 11 on on IN 5180 601 12 or or CC 5180 601 13 promoting promote VBG 5180 601 14 illegal illegal JJ 5180 601 15 or or CC 5180 601 16 questionable questionable JJ 5180 601 17 access access NN 5180 601 18 to to IN 5180 601 19 or or CC 5180 601 20 use use NN 5180 601 21 of of IN 5180 601 22 communications communication NNS 5180 601 23 equipment equipment NN 5180 601 24 and/or and/or CC 5180 601 25 software software NN 5180 601 26 . . . 5180 601 27 " " '' 5180 602 1 SmartFilter SmartFilter NNP 5180 602 2 offers offer VBZ 5180 602 3 the the DT 5180 602 4 following follow VBG 5180 602 5 categories category NNS 5180 602 6 : : : 5180 602 7 Anonymizers anonymizer NNS 5180 602 8 / / SYM 5180 602 9 Translators Translators NNPS 5180 602 10 ; ; : 5180 602 11 Art Art NNP 5180 602 12 & & CC 5180 602 13 Culture culture NN 5180 602 14 ; ; : 5180 602 15 Chat Chat NNP 5180 602 16 ; ; : 5180 602 17 Criminal criminal JJ 5180 602 18 Skills Skills NNPS 5180 602 19 ; ; : 5180 602 20 Cults Cults NNP 5180 602 21 / / SYM 5180 602 22 Occult Occult NNP 5180 602 23 ; ; : 5180 602 24 Dating dating NN 5180 602 25 ; ; : 5180 602 26 Drugs drug NNS 5180 602 27 ; ; : 5180 602 28 Entertainment entertainment NN 5180 602 29 ; ; : 5180 602 30 Extreme Extreme NNP 5180 602 31 / / SYM 5180 602 32 Obscene Obscene NNP 5180 602 33 / / SYM 5180 602 34 Violence Violence NNP 5180 602 35 ; ; : 5180 602 36 Gambling gambling NN 5180 602 37 ; ; : 5180 602 38 Games Games NNPS 5180 602 39 ; ; : 5180 602 40 General General NNP 5180 602 41 News News NNP 5180 602 42 ; ; : 5180 602 43 Hate Hate NNP 5180 602 44 Speech Speech NNP 5180 602 45 ; ; : 5180 602 46 Humor humor NN 5180 602 47 ; ; : 5180 602 48 Investing investing NN 5180 602 49 ; ; : 5180 602 50 Job Job NNP 5180 602 51 Search Search NNP 5180 602 52 ; ; : 5180 602 53 Lifestyle lifestyle NN 5180 602 54 ; ; : 5180 602 55 Mature mature VB 5180 602 56 ; ; : 5180 602 57 MP3 mp3 NN 5180 602 58 Sites site NNS 5180 602 59 ; ; : 5180 602 60 Nudity nudity NN 5180 602 61 ; ; : 5180 602 62 On on IN 5180 602 63 - - HYPH 5180 602 64 line line NN 5180 602 65 Sales sale NNS 5180 602 66 ; ; : 5180 602 67 Personal Personal NNP 5180 602 68 Pages Pages NNPS 5180 602 69 ; ; : 5180 602 70 Politics Politics NNP 5180 602 71 , , , 5180 602 72 Opinion Opinion NNP 5180 602 73 & & CC 5180 602 74 Religion Religion NNP 5180 602 75 ; ; : 5180 602 76 Portal Portal NNP 5180 602 77 Sites Sites NNPS 5180 602 78 ; ; : 5180 602 79 Self self NN 5180 602 80 - - HYPH 5180 602 81 Help Help NNP 5180 602 82 / / SYM 5180 602 83 Health Health NNP 5180 602 84 ; ; : 5180 602 85 Sex sex NN 5180 602 86 ; ; : 5180 602 87 Sports sport NNS 5180 602 88 ; ; : 5180 602 89 Travel travel NN 5180 602 90 ; ; : 5180 602 91 Usenet Usenet NNP 5180 602 92 News news NN 5180 602 93 ; ; : 5180 602 94 and and CC 5180 602 95 Webmail Webmail NNP 5180 602 96 . . . 5180 603 1 Most most RBS 5180 603 2 importantly importantly RB 5180 603 3 , , , 5180 603 4 no no DT 5180 603 5 category category NN 5180 603 6 definition definition NN 5180 603 7 used use VBN 5180 603 8 by by IN 5180 603 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 603 10 software software NN 5180 603 11 companies company NNS 5180 603 12 is be VBZ 5180 603 13 identical identical JJ 5180 603 14 to to IN 5180 603 15 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 603 16 's 's POS 5180 603 17 definitions definition NNS 5180 603 18 of of IN 5180 603 19 visual visual JJ 5180 603 20 depictions depiction NNS 5180 603 21 that that WDT 5180 603 22 are be VBP 5180 603 23 obscene obscene JJ 5180 603 24 , , , 5180 603 25 child child NN 5180 603 26 pornography pornography NN 5180 603 27 , , , 5180 603 28 or or CC 5180 603 29 harmful harmful JJ 5180 603 30 to to IN 5180 603 31 minors minor NNS 5180 603 32 . . . 5180 604 1 And and CC 5180 604 2 category category NN 5180 604 3 definitions definition NNS 5180 604 4 and and CC 5180 604 5 categorization categorization NN 5180 604 6 decisions decision NNS 5180 604 7 are be VBP 5180 604 8 made make VBN 5180 604 9 without without IN 5180 604 10 reference reference NN 5180 604 11 to to IN 5180 604 12 local local JJ 5180 604 13 community community NN 5180 604 14 standards standard NNS 5180 604 15 . . . 5180 605 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 605 2 , , , 5180 605 3 there there EX 5180 605 4 is be VBZ 5180 605 5 no no DT 5180 605 6 judicial judicial JJ 5180 605 7 involvement involvement NN 5180 605 8 in in IN 5180 605 9 the the DT 5180 605 10 creation creation NN 5180 605 11 of of IN 5180 605 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 605 13 software software NN 5180 605 14 companies company NNS 5180 605 15 ' ' POS 5180 605 16 category category NN 5180 605 17 definitions definition NNS 5180 605 18 and and CC 5180 605 19 no no DT 5180 605 20 judicial judicial JJ 5180 605 21 determination determination NN 5180 605 22 is be VBZ 5180 605 23 made make VBN 5180 605 24 before before IN 5180 605 25 these these DT 5180 605 26 companies company NNS 5180 605 27 categorize categorize VBP 5180 605 28 a a DT 5180 605 29 Web web NN 5180 605 30 page page NN 5180 605 31 or or CC 5180 605 32 site site NN 5180 605 33 . . . 5180 606 1 Each each DT 5180 606 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 606 3 software software NN 5180 606 4 company company NN 5180 606 5 associates associate VBZ 5180 606 6 each each DT 5180 606 7 URL url NN 5180 606 8 in in IN 5180 606 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 606 10 control control NN 5180 606 11 list list NN 5180 606 12 with with IN 5180 606 13 a a DT 5180 606 14 " " `` 5180 606 15 tag tag NN 5180 606 16 " " '' 5180 606 17 or or CC 5180 606 18 other other JJ 5180 606 19 identifier identifier NN 5180 606 20 that that WDT 5180 606 21 indicates indicate VBZ 5180 606 22 the the DT 5180 606 23 company company NN 5180 606 24 's 's POS 5180 606 25 evaluation evaluation NN 5180 606 26 of of IN 5180 606 27 whether whether IN 5180 606 28 the the DT 5180 606 29 content content NN 5180 606 30 or or CC 5180 606 31 features feature NNS 5180 606 32 of of IN 5180 606 33 the the DT 5180 606 34 Web web NN 5180 606 35 site site NN 5180 606 36 or or CC 5180 606 37 page page NN 5180 606 38 accessed access VBN 5180 606 39 via via IN 5180 606 40 that that DT 5180 606 41 URL URL NNP 5180 606 42 meets meet VBZ 5180 606 43 one one CD 5180 606 44 or or CC 5180 606 45 more more JJR 5180 606 46 of of IN 5180 606 47 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 606 48 category category NN 5180 606 49 definitions definition NNS 5180 606 50 . . . 5180 607 1 If if IN 5180 607 2 a a DT 5180 607 3 user user NN 5180 607 4 attempts attempt VBZ 5180 607 5 to to TO 5180 607 6 access access VB 5180 607 7 a a DT 5180 607 8 Web web NN 5180 607 9 site site NN 5180 607 10 or or CC 5180 607 11 page page NN 5180 607 12 that that WDT 5180 607 13 is be VBZ 5180 607 14 blocked block VBN 5180 607 15 by by IN 5180 607 16 the the DT 5180 607 17 filter filter NN 5180 607 18 , , , 5180 607 19 the the DT 5180 607 20 user user NN 5180 607 21 is be VBZ 5180 607 22 immediately immediately RB 5180 607 23 presented present VBN 5180 607 24 with with IN 5180 607 25 a a DT 5180 607 26 screen screen NN 5180 607 27 that that WDT 5180 607 28 indicates indicate VBZ 5180 607 29 that that IN 5180 607 30 a a DT 5180 607 31 block block NN 5180 607 32 has have VBZ 5180 607 33 occurred occur VBN 5180 607 34 as as IN 5180 607 35 a a DT 5180 607 36 result result NN 5180 607 37 of of IN 5180 607 38 the the DT 5180 607 39 operation operation NN 5180 607 40 of of IN 5180 607 41 the the DT 5180 607 42 filtering filter VBG 5180 607 43 software software NN 5180 607 44 . . . 5180 608 1 These these DT 5180 608 2 " " `` 5180 608 3 denial denial JJ 5180 608 4 screens screen NNS 5180 608 5 " " '' 5180 608 6 appear appear VBP 5180 608 7 only only RB 5180 608 8 at at IN 5180 608 9 the the DT 5180 608 10 point point NN 5180 608 11 that that IN 5180 608 12 a a DT 5180 608 13 user user NN 5180 608 14 attempts attempt VBZ 5180 608 15 to to TO 5180 608 16 access access VB 5180 608 17 a a DT 5180 608 18 site site NN 5180 608 19 or or CC 5180 608 20 page page NN 5180 608 21 in in IN 5180 608 22 an an DT 5180 608 23 enabled enable VBN 5180 608 24 category category NN 5180 608 25 . . . 5180 609 1 All all DT 5180 609 2 four four CD 5180 609 3 of of IN 5180 609 4 the the DT 5180 609 5 filtering filtering NN 5180 609 6 programs program NNS 5180 609 7 on on IN 5180 609 8 which which WDT 5180 609 9 evidence evidence NN 5180 609 10 was be VBD 5180 609 11 presented present VBN 5180 609 12 allow allow VBP 5180 609 13 users user NNS 5180 609 14 to to TO 5180 609 15 customize customize VB 5180 609 16 the the DT 5180 609 17 category category NN 5180 609 18 lists list NNS 5180 609 19 that that WDT 5180 609 20 exist exist VBP 5180 609 21 on on IN 5180 609 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 609 23 own own JJ 5180 609 24 PCs pc NNS 5180 609 25 or or CC 5180 609 26 servers server NNS 5180 609 27 by by IN 5180 609 28 adding add VBG 5180 609 29 or or CC 5180 609 30 removing remove VBG 5180 609 31 specific specific JJ 5180 609 32 URLs url NNS 5180 609 33 . . . 5180 610 1 For for IN 5180 610 2 example example NN 5180 610 3 , , , 5180 610 4 if if IN 5180 610 5 a a DT 5180 610 6 public public JJ 5180 610 7 librarian librarian NN 5180 610 8 charged charge VBN 5180 610 9 with with IN 5180 610 10 administering administer VBG 5180 610 11 a a DT 5180 610 12 library library NN 5180 610 13 's 's POS 5180 610 14 Internet internet NN 5180 610 15 terminals terminal NNS 5180 610 16 comes come VBZ 5180 610 17 across across IN 5180 610 18 a a DT 5180 610 19 Web web NN 5180 610 20 site site NN 5180 610 21 that that IN 5180 610 22 he -PRON- PRP 5180 610 23 or or CC 5180 610 24 she -PRON- PRP 5180 610 25 finds find VBZ 5180 610 26 objectionable objectionable JJ 5180 610 27 that that WDT 5180 610 28 is be VBZ 5180 610 29 not not RB 5180 610 30 blocked block VBN 5180 610 31 by by IN 5180 610 32 the the DT 5180 610 33 filtering filtering NN 5180 610 34 program program NN 5180 610 35 that that IN 5180 610 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 610 37 or or CC 5180 610 38 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 610 39 library library NN 5180 610 40 is be VBZ 5180 610 41 using use VBG 5180 610 42 , , , 5180 610 43 then then RB 5180 610 44 the the DT 5180 610 45 librarian librarian NN 5180 610 46 may may MD 5180 610 47 add add VB 5180 610 48 that that IN 5180 610 49 URL url NN 5180 610 50 to to IN 5180 610 51 a a DT 5180 610 52 category category NN 5180 610 53 list list NN 5180 610 54 that that WDT 5180 610 55 exists exist VBZ 5180 610 56 only only RB 5180 610 57 on on IN 5180 610 58 the the DT 5180 610 59 library library NN 5180 610 60 's 's POS 5180 610 61 network network NN 5180 610 62 , , , 5180 610 63 and and CC 5180 610 64 it -PRON- PRP 5180 610 65 would would MD 5180 610 66 thereafter thereafter RB 5180 610 67 be be VB 5180 610 68 blocked block VBN 5180 610 69 under under IN 5180 610 70 that that DT 5180 610 71 category category NN 5180 610 72 . . . 5180 611 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 611 2 , , , 5180 611 3 a a DT 5180 611 4 customer customer NN 5180 611 5 may may MD 5180 611 6 remove remove VB 5180 611 7 individual individual JJ 5180 611 8 URLs url NNS 5180 611 9 from from IN 5180 611 10 category category NN 5180 611 11 lists list NNS 5180 611 12 . . . 5180 612 1 Importantly importantly RB 5180 612 2 , , , 5180 612 3 however however RB 5180 612 4 , , , 5180 612 5 no no DT 5180 612 6 one one NN 5180 612 7 but but IN 5180 612 8 the the DT 5180 612 9 filtering filtering NN 5180 612 10 companies company NNS 5180 612 11 has have VBZ 5180 612 12 access access NN 5180 612 13 to to IN 5180 612 14 the the DT 5180 612 15 complete complete JJ 5180 612 16 list list NN 5180 612 17 of of IN 5180 612 18 URLs url NNS 5180 612 19 in in IN 5180 612 20 any any DT 5180 612 21 category category NN 5180 612 22 . . . 5180 613 1 The the DT 5180 613 2 actual actual JJ 5180 613 3 URLs url NNS 5180 613 4 or or CC 5180 613 5 IP IP NNP 5180 613 6 addresses address NNS 5180 613 7 of of IN 5180 613 8 the the DT 5180 613 9 Web web NN 5180 613 10 sites site NNS 5180 613 11 or or CC 5180 613 12 pages page NNS 5180 613 13 contained contain VBN 5180 613 14 in in IN 5180 613 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 613 16 software software NN 5180 613 17 vendors vendor NNS 5180 613 18 ' ' POS 5180 613 19 category category NN 5180 613 20 lists list NNS 5180 613 21 are be VBP 5180 613 22 considered consider VBN 5180 613 23 to to TO 5180 613 24 be be VB 5180 613 25 proprietary proprietary JJ 5180 613 26 information information NN 5180 613 27 , , , 5180 613 28 and and CC 5180 613 29 are be VBP 5180 613 30 unavailable unavailable JJ 5180 613 31 for for IN 5180 613 32 review review NN 5180 613 33 by by IN 5180 613 34 customers customer NNS 5180 613 35 or or CC 5180 613 36 the the DT 5180 613 37 general general JJ 5180 613 38 public public NN 5180 613 39 , , , 5180 613 40 including include VBG 5180 613 41 the the DT 5180 613 42 proprietors proprietor NNS 5180 613 43 of of IN 5180 613 44 Web web NN 5180 613 45 sites site NNS 5180 613 46 that that WDT 5180 613 47 are be VBP 5180 613 48 blocked block VBN 5180 613 49 by by IN 5180 613 50 filtering filter VBG 5180 613 51 software software NN 5180 613 52 . . . 5180 614 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 614 2 software software NN 5180 614 3 companies company NNS 5180 614 4 do do VBP 5180 614 5 not not RB 5180 614 6 generally generally RB 5180 614 7 notify notify VB 5180 614 8 the the DT 5180 614 9 proprietors proprietor NNS 5180 614 10 of of IN 5180 614 11 Web web NN 5180 614 12 sites site NNS 5180 614 13 when when WRB 5180 614 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 614 15 block block VBP 5180 614 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 614 17 sites site NNS 5180 614 18 . . . 5180 615 1 The the DT 5180 615 2 only only JJ 5180 615 3 way way NN 5180 615 4 to to TO 5180 615 5 discover discover VB 5180 615 6 which which WDT 5180 615 7 URLs URLs NNPS 5180 615 8 are be VBP 5180 615 9 blocked block VBN 5180 615 10 and and CC 5180 615 11 which which WDT 5180 615 12 are be VBP 5180 615 13 not not RB 5180 615 14 blocked block VBN 5180 615 15 by by IN 5180 615 16 any any DT 5180 615 17 particular particular JJ 5180 615 18 filtering filtering NN 5180 615 19 company company NN 5180 615 20 is be VBZ 5180 615 21 by by IN 5180 615 22 testing test VBG 5180 615 23 individual individual JJ 5180 615 24 URLs url NNS 5180 615 25 with with IN 5180 615 26 filtering filter VBG 5180 615 27 software software NN 5180 615 28 , , , 5180 615 29 or or CC 5180 615 30 by by IN 5180 615 31 entering enter VBG 5180 615 32 URLs url NNS 5180 615 33 one one CD 5180 615 34 by by IN 5180 615 35 one one CD 5180 615 36 into into IN 5180 615 37 the the DT 5180 615 38 " " `` 5180 615 39 URL URL NNP 5180 615 40 checker checker NN 5180 615 41 " " '' 5180 615 42 that that WDT 5180 615 43 most most RBS 5180 615 44 filtering filter VBG 5180 615 45 software software NN 5180 615 46 companies company NNS 5180 615 47 provide provide VBP 5180 615 48 on on IN 5180 615 49 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 615 50 Web web NN 5180 615 51 sites site NNS 5180 615 52 . . . 5180 616 1 Filtering filter VBG 5180 616 2 software software NN 5180 616 3 companies company NNS 5180 616 4 will will MD 5180 616 5 entertain entertain VB 5180 616 6 requests request NNS 5180 616 7 for for IN 5180 616 8 recategorization recategorization NN 5180 616 9 from from IN 5180 616 10 proprietors proprietor NNS 5180 616 11 of of IN 5180 616 12 Web web NN 5180 616 13 sites site NNS 5180 616 14 that that WDT 5180 616 15 discover discover VBP 5180 616 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 616 17 sites site NNS 5180 616 18 are be VBP 5180 616 19 blocked block VBN 5180 616 20 . . . 5180 617 1 Because because IN 5180 617 2 new new JJ 5180 617 3 pages page NNS 5180 617 4 are be VBP 5180 617 5 constantly constantly RB 5180 617 6 being be VBG 5180 617 7 added add VBN 5180 617 8 to to IN 5180 617 9 the the DT 5180 617 10 Web web NN 5180 617 11 , , , 5180 617 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 617 13 companies company NNS 5180 617 14 provide provide VBP 5180 617 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 617 16 customers customer NNS 5180 617 17 with with IN 5180 617 18 periodic periodic JJ 5180 617 19 updates update NNS 5180 617 20 of of IN 5180 617 21 category category NN 5180 617 22 lists list NNS 5180 617 23 . . . 5180 618 1 Once once RB 5180 618 2 a a DT 5180 618 3 particular particular JJ 5180 618 4 Web web NN 5180 618 5 page page NN 5180 618 6 or or CC 5180 618 7 site site NN 5180 618 8 is be VBZ 5180 618 9 categorized categorize VBN 5180 618 10 , , , 5180 618 11 however however RB 5180 618 12 , , , 5180 618 13 filtering filter VBG 5180 618 14 companies company NNS 5180 618 15 generally generally RB 5180 618 16 do do VBP 5180 618 17 not not RB 5180 618 18 re re VB 5180 618 19 - - VB 5180 618 20 review review VB 5180 618 21 the the DT 5180 618 22 contents content NNS 5180 618 23 of of IN 5180 618 24 that that DT 5180 618 25 page page NN 5180 618 26 or or CC 5180 618 27 site site NN 5180 618 28 unless unless IN 5180 618 29 they -PRON- PRP 5180 618 30 receive receive VBP 5180 618 31 a a DT 5180 618 32 request request NN 5180 618 33 to to TO 5180 618 34 do do VB 5180 618 35 so so RB 5180 618 36 , , , 5180 618 37 even even RB 5180 618 38 though though IN 5180 618 39 the the DT 5180 618 40 content content NN 5180 618 41 on on IN 5180 618 42 individual individual JJ 5180 618 43 Web web NN 5180 618 44 pages page NNS 5180 618 45 and and CC 5180 618 46 sites site NNS 5180 618 47 changes change NNS 5180 618 48 frequently frequently RB 5180 618 49 . . . 5180 619 1 2 2 LS 5180 619 2 . . . 5180 620 1 The the DT 5180 620 2 Methods Methods NNPS 5180 620 3 that that IN 5180 620 4 Filtering filter VBG 5180 620 5 Companies company NNS 5180 620 6 Use use VBP 5180 620 7 to to IN 5180 620 8 Compile Compile NNP 5180 620 9 Category Category NNP 5180 620 10 Lists Lists NNPS 5180 620 11 While while IN 5180 620 12 the the DT 5180 620 13 way way NN 5180 620 14 in in IN 5180 620 15 which which WDT 5180 620 16 filtering filtering NN 5180 620 17 programs program NNS 5180 620 18 operate operate VBP 5180 620 19 is be VBZ 5180 620 20 conceptually conceptually RB 5180 620 21 straightforward straightforward JJ 5180 620 22 – – : 5180 620 23 by by IN 5180 620 24 comparing compare VBG 5180 620 25 a a DT 5180 620 26 requested request VBN 5180 620 27 URL url NN 5180 620 28 to to IN 5180 620 29 a a DT 5180 620 30 previously previously RB 5180 620 31 compiled compile VBN 5180 620 32 list list NN 5180 620 33 of of IN 5180 620 34 URLs url NNS 5180 620 35 and and CC 5180 620 36 blocking block VBG 5180 620 37 access access NN 5180 620 38 to to IN 5180 620 39 the the DT 5180 620 40 content content NN 5180 620 41 at at IN 5180 620 42 that that DT 5180 620 43 URL url NN 5180 620 44 if if IN 5180 620 45 it -PRON- PRP 5180 620 46 appears appear VBZ 5180 620 47 on on IN 5180 620 48 the the DT 5180 620 49 list list NN 5180 620 50 – – : 5180 620 51 accurately accurately RB 5180 620 52 compiling compile VBG 5180 620 53 and and CC 5180 620 54 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 620 55 URLs url NNS 5180 620 56 to to TO 5180 620 57 form form VB 5180 620 58 the the DT 5180 620 59 category category NN 5180 620 60 lists list NNS 5180 620 61 is be VBZ 5180 620 62 a a DT 5180 620 63 more more RBR 5180 620 64 complex complex JJ 5180 620 65 process process NN 5180 620 66 that that WDT 5180 620 67 is be VBZ 5180 620 68 impossible impossible JJ 5180 620 69 to to TO 5180 620 70 conduct conduct VB 5180 620 71 with with IN 5180 620 72 any any DT 5180 620 73 high high JJ 5180 620 74 degree degree NN 5180 620 75 of of IN 5180 620 76 accuracy accuracy NN 5180 620 77 . . . 5180 621 1 The the DT 5180 621 2 specific specific JJ 5180 621 3 methods method NNS 5180 621 4 that that IN 5180 621 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 621 6 software software NN 5180 621 7 companies company NNS 5180 621 8 use use VBP 5180 621 9 to to TO 5180 621 10 compile compile VB 5180 621 11 and and CC 5180 621 12 categorize categorize VB 5180 621 13 control control NN 5180 621 14 lists list NNS 5180 621 15 are be VBP 5180 621 16 , , , 5180 621 17 like like IN 5180 621 18 the the DT 5180 621 19 lists list NNS 5180 621 20 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 621 21 , , , 5180 621 22 proprietary proprietary JJ 5180 621 23 information information NN 5180 621 24 . . . 5180 622 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 622 2 will will MD 5180 622 3 therefore therefore RB 5180 622 4 set set VB 5180 622 5 forth forth RP 5180 622 6 only only RB 5180 622 7 general general JJ 5180 622 8 information information NN 5180 622 9 on on IN 5180 622 10 the the DT 5180 622 11 various various JJ 5180 622 12 types type NNS 5180 622 13 of of IN 5180 622 14 methods method NNS 5180 622 15 that that WDT 5180 622 16 all all DT 5180 622 17 filtering filter VBG 5180 622 18 companies company NNS 5180 622 19 deposed depose VBN 5180 622 20 in in IN 5180 622 21 this this DT 5180 622 22 case case NN 5180 622 23 use use NN 5180 622 24 , , , 5180 622 25 and and CC 5180 622 26 the the DT 5180 622 27 sources source NNS 5180 622 28 of of IN 5180 622 29 error error NN 5180 622 30 that that WDT 5180 622 31 are be VBP 5180 622 32 at at IN 5180 622 33 once once RB 5180 622 34 inherent inherent JJ 5180 622 35 in in IN 5180 622 36 those those DT 5180 622 37 methods method NNS 5180 622 38 and and CC 5180 622 39 unavoidable unavoidable JJ 5180 622 40 given give VBN 5180 622 41 the the DT 5180 622 42 current current JJ 5180 622 43 architecture architecture NN 5180 622 44 of of IN 5180 622 45 the the DT 5180 622 46 Internet internet NN 5180 622 47 and and CC 5180 622 48 the the DT 5180 622 49 current current JJ 5180 622 50 state state NN 5180 622 51 of of IN 5180 622 52 the the DT 5180 622 53 art art NN 5180 622 54 in in IN 5180 622 55 automated automate VBN 5180 622 56 classification classification NN 5180 622 57 systems system NNS 5180 622 58 . . . 5180 623 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 623 2 base base VBP 5180 623 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 623 4 understanding understanding NN 5180 623 5 of of IN 5180 623 6 these these DT 5180 623 7 methods method NNS 5180 623 8 largely largely RB 5180 623 9 on on IN 5180 623 10 the the DT 5180 623 11 detailed detailed JJ 5180 623 12 testimony testimony NN 5180 623 13 and and CC 5180 623 14 expert expert NN 5180 623 15 report report NN 5180 623 16 of of IN 5180 623 17 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 623 18 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP 5180 623 19 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 623 20 , , , 5180 623 21 which which WDT 5180 623 22 we -PRON- PRP 5180 623 23 credit credit VBP 5180 623 24 . . . 5180 624 1 The the DT 5180 624 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 624 3 offered offer VBD 5180 624 4 , , , 5180 624 5 and and CC 5180 624 6 the the DT 5180 624 7 Court Court NNP 5180 624 8 qualified qualify VBD 5180 624 9 , , , 5180 624 10 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 624 11 as as IN 5180 624 12 an an DT 5180 624 13 expert expert JJ 5180 624 14 witness witness NN 5180 624 15 on on IN 5180 624 16 automated automated JJ 5180 624 17 classification classification NN 5180 624 18 systems system NNS 5180 624 19 . . . 5180 625 1 When when WRB 5180 625 2 compiling compile VBG 5180 625 3 and and CC 5180 625 4 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 625 5 URLs url NNS 5180 625 6 for for IN 5180 625 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 625 8 category category NN 5180 625 9 lists list NNS 5180 625 10 , , , 5180 625 11 filtering filter VBG 5180 625 12 software software NN 5180 625 13 companies company NNS 5180 625 14 go go VBP 5180 625 15 through through IN 5180 625 16 two two CD 5180 625 17 distinct distinct JJ 5180 625 18 phases phase NNS 5180 625 19 . . . 5180 626 1 First first RB 5180 626 2 , , , 5180 626 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 626 4 must must MD 5180 626 5 collect collect VB 5180 626 6 or or CC 5180 626 7 " " `` 5180 626 8 harvest harvest VB 5180 626 9 " " '' 5180 626 10 the the DT 5180 626 11 relevant relevant JJ 5180 626 12 URLs url NNS 5180 626 13 from from IN 5180 626 14 the the DT 5180 626 15 vast vast JJ 5180 626 16 number number NN 5180 626 17 of of IN 5180 626 18 sites site NNS 5180 626 19 that that WDT 5180 626 20 exist exist VBP 5180 626 21 on on IN 5180 626 22 the the DT 5180 626 23 Web web NN 5180 626 24 . . . 5180 627 1 Second second JJ 5180 627 2 , , , 5180 627 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 627 4 must must MD 5180 627 5 sort sort VB 5180 627 6 through through IN 5180 627 7 the the DT 5180 627 8 URLs url NNS 5180 627 9 they -PRON- PRP 5180 627 10 have have VBP 5180 627 11 collected collect VBN 5180 627 12 to to TO 5180 627 13 determine determine VB 5180 627 14 under under IN 5180 627 15 which which WDT 5180 627 16 of of IN 5180 627 17 the the DT 5180 627 18 company company NN 5180 627 19 's 's POS 5180 627 20 self self NN 5180 627 21 - - HYPH 5180 627 22 defined define VBN 5180 627 23 categories category NNS 5180 627 24 ( ( -LRB- 5180 627 25 if if IN 5180 627 26 any any DT 5180 627 27 ) ) -RRB- 5180 627 28 , , , 5180 627 29 they -PRON- PRP 5180 627 30 should should MD 5180 627 31 be be VB 5180 627 32 classified classify VBN 5180 627 33 . . . 5180 628 1 These these DT 5180 628 2 tasks task NNS 5180 628 3 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 628 4 result result VBP 5180 628 5 in in IN 5180 628 6 a a DT 5180 628 7 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 628 8 between between IN 5180 628 9 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 628 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 628 11 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 628 12 , , , 5180 628 13 the the DT 5180 628 14 blocking blocking NN 5180 628 15 of of IN 5180 628 16 content content NN 5180 628 17 that that WDT 5180 628 18 does do VBZ 5180 628 19 not not RB 5180 628 20 meet meet VB 5180 628 21 the the DT 5180 628 22 category category NN 5180 628 23 definitions definition NNS 5180 628 24 established establish VBN 5180 628 25 by by IN 5180 628 26 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 628 27 or or CC 5180 628 28 by by IN 5180 628 29 the the DT 5180 628 30 filtering filter VBG 5180 628 31 software software NN 5180 628 32 companies company NNS 5180 628 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 628 34 , , , 5180 628 35 and and CC 5180 628 36 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 628 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 628 38 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 628 39 , , , 5180 628 40 leaving leave VBG 5180 628 41 off off IN 5180 628 42 of of IN 5180 628 43 a a DT 5180 628 44 control control NN 5180 628 45 list list NN 5180 628 46 a a DT 5180 628 47 URL url NN 5180 628 48 that that WDT 5180 628 49 contains contain VBZ 5180 628 50 content content NN 5180 628 51 that that WDT 5180 628 52 would would MD 5180 628 53 meet meet VB 5180 628 54 the the DT 5180 628 55 category category NN 5180 628 56 definitions definition NNS 5180 628 57 defined define VBN 5180 628 58 by by IN 5180 628 59 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 628 60 or or CC 5180 628 61 the the DT 5180 628 62 filtering filter VBG 5180 628 63 software software NN 5180 628 64 companies company NNS 5180 628 65 ) ) -RRB- 5180 628 66 . . . 5180 629 1 1 1 LS 5180 629 2 . . . 5180 630 1 The the DT 5180 630 2 " " `` 5180 630 3 Harvesting harvesting NN 5180 630 4 " " '' 5180 630 5 Phase phase NN 5180 630 6 Filtering filter VBG 5180 630 7 software software NN 5180 630 8 companies company NNS 5180 630 9 , , , 5180 630 10 given give VBN 5180 630 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 630 12 limited limited JJ 5180 630 13 resources resource NNS 5180 630 14 , , , 5180 630 15 do do VBP 5180 630 16 not not RB 5180 630 17 attempt attempt VB 5180 630 18 to to TO 5180 630 19 index index VB 5180 630 20 or or CC 5180 630 21 classify classify VB 5180 630 22 all all DT 5180 630 23 of of IN 5180 630 24 the the DT 5180 630 25 billions billion NNS 5180 630 26 of of IN 5180 630 27 pages page NNS 5180 630 28 that that WDT 5180 630 29 exist exist VBP 5180 630 30 on on IN 5180 630 31 the the DT 5180 630 32 Web web NN 5180 630 33 . . . 5180 631 1 Instead instead RB 5180 631 2 , , , 5180 631 3 the the DT 5180 631 4 set set NN 5180 631 5 of of IN 5180 631 6 pages page NNS 5180 631 7 that that WDT 5180 631 8 they -PRON- PRP 5180 631 9 attempt attempt VBP 5180 631 10 to to TO 5180 631 11 examine examine VB 5180 631 12 and and CC 5180 631 13 classify classify VB 5180 631 14 is be VBZ 5180 631 15 restricted restrict VBN 5180 631 16 to to IN 5180 631 17 a a DT 5180 631 18 small small JJ 5180 631 19 portion portion NN 5180 631 20 of of IN 5180 631 21 the the DT 5180 631 22 Web web NN 5180 631 23 . . . 5180 632 1 The the DT 5180 632 2 companies company NNS 5180 632 3 use use VBP 5180 632 4 a a DT 5180 632 5 variety variety NN 5180 632 6 of of IN 5180 632 7 automated automate VBN 5180 632 8 and and CC 5180 632 9 manual manual JJ 5180 632 10 methods method NNS 5180 632 11 to to TO 5180 632 12 identify identify VB 5180 632 13 a a DT 5180 632 14 universe universe NN 5180 632 15 of of IN 5180 632 16 Web web NN 5180 632 17 sites site NNS 5180 632 18 and and CC 5180 632 19 pages page NNS 5180 632 20 to to TO 5180 632 21 " " `` 5180 632 22 harvest harvest VB 5180 632 23 " " '' 5180 632 24 for for IN 5180 632 25 classification classification NN 5180 632 26 . . . 5180 633 1 These these DT 5180 633 2 methods method NNS 5180 633 3 include include VBP 5180 633 4 : : : 5180 633 5 entering enter VBG 5180 633 6 certain certain JJ 5180 633 7 key key JJ 5180 633 8 words word NNS 5180 633 9 into into IN 5180 633 10 search search NN 5180 633 11 engines engine NNS 5180 633 12 ; ; , 5180 633 13 following follow VBG 5180 633 14 links link NNS 5180 633 15 from from IN 5180 633 16 a a DT 5180 633 17 variety variety NN 5180 633 18 of of IN 5180 633 19 online online JJ 5180 633 20 directories directory NNS 5180 633 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 633 22 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 633 23 , , , 5180 633 24 generalized generalize VBN 5180 633 25 directories directory NNS 5180 633 26 like like IN 5180 633 27 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 633 28 or or CC 5180 633 29 various various JJ 5180 633 30 specialized specialized JJ 5180 633 31 directories directory NNS 5180 633 32 , , , 5180 633 33 such such JJ 5180 633 34 as as IN 5180 633 35 those those DT 5180 633 36 that that WDT 5180 633 37 provide provide VBP 5180 633 38 links link NNS 5180 633 39 to to IN 5180 633 40 sexually sexually RB 5180 633 41 explicit explicit JJ 5180 633 42 content content NN 5180 633 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 633 44 ; ; : 5180 633 45 reviewing reviewing NN 5180 633 46 lists list NNS 5180 633 47 of of IN 5180 633 48 newly newly RB 5180 633 49 - - HYPH 5180 633 50 registered register VBN 5180 633 51 domain domain NN 5180 633 52 names name NNS 5180 633 53 ; ; , 5180 633 54 buying buy VBG 5180 633 55 or or CC 5180 633 56 licensing licensing NN 5180 633 57 lists list NNS 5180 633 58 of of IN 5180 633 59 URLs url NNS 5180 633 60 from from IN 5180 633 61 third third JJ 5180 633 62 parties party NNS 5180 633 63 ; ; : 5180 633 64 " " `` 5180 633 65 mining mine VBG 5180 633 66 " " '' 5180 633 67 access access NN 5180 633 68 logs log NNS 5180 633 69 maintained maintain VBN 5180 633 70 by by IN 5180 633 71 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 633 72 customers customer NNS 5180 633 73 ; ; : 5180 633 74 and and CC 5180 633 75 reviewing review VBG 5180 633 76 other other JJ 5180 633 77 submissions submission NNS 5180 633 78 from from IN 5180 633 79 customers customer NNS 5180 633 80 and and CC 5180 633 81 the the DT 5180 633 82 public public NN 5180 633 83 . . . 5180 634 1 The the DT 5180 634 2 goal goal NN 5180 634 3 of of IN 5180 634 4 each each DT 5180 634 5 of of IN 5180 634 6 these these DT 5180 634 7 methods method NNS 5180 634 8 is be VBZ 5180 634 9 to to TO 5180 634 10 identify identify VB 5180 634 11 as as IN 5180 634 12 many many JJ 5180 634 13 URLs url NNS 5180 634 14 as as IN 5180 634 15 possible possible JJ 5180 634 16 that that WDT 5180 634 17 are be VBP 5180 634 18 likely likely JJ 5180 634 19 to to TO 5180 634 20 contain contain VB 5180 634 21 content content NN 5180 634 22 that that WDT 5180 634 23 falls fall VBZ 5180 634 24 within within IN 5180 634 25 the the DT 5180 634 26 filtering filter VBG 5180 634 27 companies company NNS 5180 634 28 ' ' POS 5180 634 29 category category NN 5180 634 30 definitions definition NNS 5180 634 31 . . . 5180 635 1 The the DT 5180 635 2 first first JJ 5180 635 3 method method NN 5180 635 4 , , , 5180 635 5 entering enter VBG 5180 635 6 certain certain JJ 5180 635 7 keywords keyword NNS 5180 635 8 into into IN 5180 635 9 commercial commercial JJ 5180 635 10 search search NN 5180 635 11 engines engine NNS 5180 635 12 , , , 5180 635 13 suffers suffer NNS 5180 635 14 from from IN 5180 635 15 several several JJ 5180 635 16 limitations limitation NNS 5180 635 17 . . . 5180 636 1 First first RB 5180 636 2 , , , 5180 636 3 the the DT 5180 636 4 Web web NN 5180 636 5 pages page NNS 5180 636 6 that that WDT 5180 636 7 may may MD 5180 636 8 be be VB 5180 636 9 " " `` 5180 636 10 harvested harvest VBN 5180 636 11 " " '' 5180 636 12 through through IN 5180 636 13 this this DT 5180 636 14 method method NN 5180 636 15 are be VBP 5180 636 16 limited limited JJ 5180 636 17 to to IN 5180 636 18 those those DT 5180 636 19 pages page NNS 5180 636 20 that that WDT 5180 636 21 search search NN 5180 636 22 engines engine NNS 5180 636 23 have have VBP 5180 636 24 already already RB 5180 636 25 identified identify VBN 5180 636 26 . . . 5180 637 1 However however RB 5180 637 2 , , , 5180 637 3 as as IN 5180 637 4 noted note VBN 5180 637 5 above above IN 5180 637 6 , , , 5180 637 7 a a DT 5180 637 8 substantial substantial JJ 5180 637 9 portion portion NN 5180 637 10 of of IN 5180 637 11 the the DT 5180 637 12 Web web NN 5180 637 13 is be VBZ 5180 637 14 not not RB 5180 637 15 even even RB 5180 637 16 theoretically theoretically RB 5180 637 17 indexable indexable JJ 5180 637 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 637 19 because because IN 5180 637 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 637 21 is be VBZ 5180 637 22 not not RB 5180 637 23 linked link VBN 5180 637 24 to to IN 5180 637 25 by by IN 5180 637 26 any any DT 5180 637 27 previously previously RB 5180 637 28 known know VBN 5180 637 29 page page NN 5180 637 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 637 31 , , , 5180 637 32 and and CC 5180 637 33 only only RB 5180 637 34 approximately approximately RB 5180 637 35 50 50 CD 5180 637 36 % % NN 5180 637 37 of of IN 5180 637 38 the the DT 5180 637 39 pages page NNS 5180 637 40 that that WDT 5180 637 41 are be VBP 5180 637 42 theoretically theoretically RB 5180 637 43 indexable indexable JJ 5180 637 44 have have VBP 5180 637 45 actually actually RB 5180 637 46 been be VBN 5180 637 47 indexed index VBN 5180 637 48 by by IN 5180 637 49 search search NN 5180 637 50 engines engine NNS 5180 637 51 . . . 5180 638 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 638 2 are be VBP 5180 638 3 satisfied satisfied JJ 5180 638 4 that that IN 5180 638 5 the the DT 5180 638 6 remainder remainder NN 5180 638 7 of of IN 5180 638 8 the the DT 5180 638 9 indexable indexable JJ 5180 638 10 Web web NN 5180 638 11 , , , 5180 638 12 and and CC 5180 638 13 the the DT 5180 638 14 vast vast JJ 5180 638 15 " " `` 5180 638 16 Deep deep JJ 5180 638 17 Web web NN 5180 638 18 , , , 5180 638 19 " " '' 5180 638 20 which which WDT 5180 638 21 can can MD 5180 638 22 not not RB 5180 638 23 currently currently RB 5180 638 24 be be VB 5180 638 25 indexed index VBN 5180 638 26 , , , 5180 638 27 includes include VBZ 5180 638 28 materials material NNS 5180 638 29 that that WDT 5180 638 30 meet meet VBP 5180 638 31 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 638 32 's 's POS 5180 638 33 categories category NNS 5180 638 34 of of IN 5180 638 35 visual visual JJ 5180 638 36 depictions depiction NNS 5180 638 37 that that WDT 5180 638 38 are be VBP 5180 638 39 obscene obscene JJ 5180 638 40 , , , 5180 638 41 child child NN 5180 638 42 pornography pornography NN 5180 638 43 , , , 5180 638 44 and and CC 5180 638 45 harmful harmful JJ 5180 638 46 to to IN 5180 638 47 minors minor NNS 5180 638 48 . . . 5180 639 1 These these DT 5180 639 2 portions portion NNS 5180 639 3 of of IN 5180 639 4 the the DT 5180 639 5 Web web NN 5180 639 6 can can MD 5180 639 7 not not RB 5180 639 8 presently presently RB 5180 639 9 be be VB 5180 639 10 harvested harvest VBN 5180 639 11 through through IN 5180 639 12 the the DT 5180 639 13 methods method NNS 5180 639 14 that that IN 5180 639 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 639 16 software software NN 5180 639 17 companies company NNS 5180 639 18 use use VBP 5180 639 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 639 20 except except IN 5180 639 21 through through IN 5180 639 22 reporting report VBG 5180 639 23 by by IN 5180 639 24 customers customer NNS 5180 639 25 or or CC 5180 639 26 by by IN 5180 639 27 observing observe VBG 5180 639 28 users user NNS 5180 639 29 ' ' POS 5180 639 30 log log NN 5180 639 31 files file NNS 5180 639 32 ) ) -RRB- 5180 639 33 , , , 5180 639 34 because because IN 5180 639 35 they -PRON- PRP 5180 639 36 are be VBP 5180 639 37 not not RB 5180 639 38 linked link VBN 5180 639 39 to to IN 5180 639 40 other other JJ 5180 639 41 known know VBN 5180 639 42 pages page NNS 5180 639 43 . . . 5180 640 1 A a DT 5180 640 2 user user NN 5180 640 3 can can MD 5180 640 4 , , , 5180 640 5 however however RB 5180 640 6 , , , 5180 640 7 gain gain VB 5180 640 8 access access NN 5180 640 9 to to IN 5180 640 10 a a DT 5180 640 11 Web web NN 5180 640 12 site site NN 5180 640 13 in in IN 5180 640 14 the the DT 5180 640 15 unindexed unindexed NNS 5180 640 16 Web web NN 5180 640 17 or or CC 5180 640 18 the the DT 5180 640 19 Deep Deep NNP 5180 640 20 Web Web NNP 5180 640 21 if if IN 5180 640 22 the the DT 5180 640 23 Web web NN 5180 640 24 site site NN 5180 640 25 's 's POS 5180 640 26 proprietor proprietor NN 5180 640 27 or or CC 5180 640 28 some some DT 5180 640 29 other other JJ 5180 640 30 third third JJ 5180 640 31 party party NN 5180 640 32 informs inform VBZ 5180 640 33 the the DT 5180 640 34 user user NN 5180 640 35 of of IN 5180 640 36 the the DT 5180 640 37 site site NN 5180 640 38 's 's POS 5180 640 39 URL url NN 5180 640 40 . . . 5180 641 1 Some some DT 5180 641 2 Web web NN 5180 641 3 sites site NNS 5180 641 4 , , , 5180 641 5 for for IN 5180 641 6 example example NN 5180 641 7 , , , 5180 641 8 send send VB 5180 641 9 out out RP 5180 641 10 mass mass JJ 5180 641 11 email email NN 5180 641 12 advertisements advertisement NNS 5180 641 13 containing contain VBG 5180 641 14 the the DT 5180 641 15 site site NN 5180 641 16 's 's POS 5180 641 17 URL url NN 5180 641 18 , , , 5180 641 19 the the DT 5180 641 20 spamming spamme VBG 5180 641 21 process process NN 5180 641 22 we -PRON- PRP 5180 641 23 have have VBP 5180 641 24 described describe VBN 5180 641 25 above above RB 5180 641 26 . . . 5180 642 1 Second second JJ 5180 642 2 , , , 5180 642 3 the the DT 5180 642 4 search search NN 5180 642 5 engines engine NNS 5180 642 6 that that WDT 5180 642 7 software software NN 5180 642 8 companies company NNS 5180 642 9 use use VBP 5180 642 10 for for IN 5180 642 11 harvesting harvesting NN 5180 642 12 are be VBP 5180 642 13 able able JJ 5180 642 14 to to TO 5180 642 15 search search VB 5180 642 16 text text NN 5180 642 17 only only RB 5180 642 18 , , , 5180 642 19 not not RB 5180 642 20 images image NNS 5180 642 21 . . . 5180 643 1 This this DT 5180 643 2 is be VBZ 5180 643 3 of of IN 5180 643 4 critical critical JJ 5180 643 5 importance importance NN 5180 643 6 , , , 5180 643 7 because because IN 5180 643 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 643 9 , , , 5180 643 10 by by IN 5180 643 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 643 12 own own JJ 5180 643 13 terms term NNS 5180 643 14 , , , 5180 643 15 covers cover VBZ 5180 643 16 only only RB 5180 643 17 " " `` 5180 643 18 visual visual JJ 5180 643 19 depictions depiction NNS 5180 643 20 . . . 5180 643 21 " " '' 5180 644 1 20 20 CD 5180 644 2 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 645 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 645 2 . . . 5180 646 1 9134(f)(1)(A)(i 9134(f)(1)(a)(i CD 5180 646 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 646 3 ; ; : 5180 646 4 47 47 CD 5180 646 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 647 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 647 2 . . . 5180 648 1 254(h)(5)(B)(i 254(h)(5)(b)(i LS 5180 648 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 648 3 . . . 5180 649 1 Image image NN 5180 649 2 recognition recognition NN 5180 649 3 technology technology NN 5180 649 4 is be VBZ 5180 649 5 immature immature JJ 5180 649 6 , , , 5180 649 7 ineffective ineffective JJ 5180 649 8 , , , 5180 649 9 and and CC 5180 649 10 unlikely unlikely JJ 5180 649 11 to to TO 5180 649 12 improve improve VB 5180 649 13 substantially substantially RB 5180 649 14 in in IN 5180 649 15 the the DT 5180 649 16 near near JJ 5180 649 17 future future NN 5180 649 18 . . . 5180 650 1 None none NN 5180 650 2 of of IN 5180 650 3 the the DT 5180 650 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 650 5 software software NN 5180 650 6 companies company NNS 5180 650 7 deposed depose VBN 5180 650 8 in in IN 5180 650 9 this this DT 5180 650 10 case case NN 5180 650 11 employs employ VBZ 5180 650 12 image image NN 5180 650 13 recognition recognition NN 5180 650 14 technology technology NN 5180 650 15 when when WRB 5180 650 16 harvesting harvesting NN 5180 650 17 or or CC 5180 650 18 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 650 19 URLs url NNS 5180 650 20 . . . 5180 651 1 Due due IN 5180 651 2 to to IN 5180 651 3 the the DT 5180 651 4 reliance reliance NN 5180 651 5 on on IN 5180 651 6 automated automate VBN 5180 651 7 text text NN 5180 651 8 analysis analysis NN 5180 651 9 and and CC 5180 651 10 the the DT 5180 651 11 absence absence NN 5180 651 12 of of IN 5180 651 13 image image NN 5180 651 14 recognition recognition NN 5180 651 15 technology technology NN 5180 651 16 , , , 5180 651 17 a a DT 5180 651 18 Web web NN 5180 651 19 page page NN 5180 651 20 with with IN 5180 651 21 sexually sexually RB 5180 651 22 explicit explicit JJ 5180 651 23 images image NNS 5180 651 24 and and CC 5180 651 25 no no DT 5180 651 26 text text NN 5180 651 27 can can MD 5180 651 28 not not RB 5180 651 29 be be VB 5180 651 30 harvested harvest VBN 5180 651 31 using use VBG 5180 651 32 a a DT 5180 651 33 search search NN 5180 651 34 engine engine NN 5180 651 35 . . . 5180 652 1 This this DT 5180 652 2 problem problem NN 5180 652 3 is be VBZ 5180 652 4 complicated complicate VBN 5180 652 5 by by IN 5180 652 6 the the DT 5180 652 7 fact fact NN 5180 652 8 that that IN 5180 652 9 Web web NN 5180 652 10 site site NN 5180 652 11 publishers publisher NNS 5180 652 12 may may MD 5180 652 13 use use VB 5180 652 14 image image NN 5180 652 15 files file NNS 5180 652 16 rather rather RB 5180 652 17 than than IN 5180 652 18 text text NN 5180 652 19 to to TO 5180 652 20 represent represent VB 5180 652 21 words word NNS 5180 652 22 , , , 5180 652 23 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 652 24 , , , 5180 652 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 652 26 may may MD 5180 652 27 use use VB 5180 652 28 a a DT 5180 652 29 file file NN 5180 652 30 that that IN 5180 652 31 computers computer NNS 5180 652 32 understand understand VBP 5180 652 33 to to TO 5180 652 34 be be VB 5180 652 35 a a DT 5180 652 36 picture picture NN 5180 652 37 , , , 5180 652 38 like like IN 5180 652 39 a a DT 5180 652 40 photograph photograph NN 5180 652 41 of of IN 5180 652 42 a a DT 5180 652 43 printed print VBN 5180 652 44 word word NN 5180 652 45 , , , 5180 652 46 rather rather RB 5180 652 47 than than IN 5180 652 48 regular regular JJ 5180 652 49 text text NN 5180 652 50 , , , 5180 652 51 making make VBG 5180 652 52 automated automate VBN 5180 652 53 review review NN 5180 652 54 of of IN 5180 652 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 652 56 textual textual JJ 5180 652 57 content content NN 5180 652 58 impossible impossible JJ 5180 652 59 . . . 5180 653 1 For for IN 5180 653 2 example example NN 5180 653 3 , , , 5180 653 4 if if IN 5180 653 5 the the DT 5180 653 6 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 653 7 Web Web NNP 5180 653 8 site site NN 5180 653 9 displays display VBZ 5180 653 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 653 11 name name NN 5180 653 12 using use VBG 5180 653 13 a a DT 5180 653 14 logo logo NN 5180 653 15 rather rather RB 5180 653 16 than than IN 5180 653 17 regular regular JJ 5180 653 18 text text NN 5180 653 19 , , , 5180 653 20 a a DT 5180 653 21 search search NN 5180 653 22 engine engine NN 5180 653 23 would would MD 5180 653 24 not not RB 5180 653 25 see see VB 5180 653 26 or or CC 5180 653 27 recognize recognize VB 5180 653 28 the the DT 5180 653 29 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 653 30 name name NN 5180 653 31 in in IN 5180 653 32 that that DT 5180 653 33 logo logo NN 5180 653 34 . . . 5180 654 1 In in IN 5180 654 2 addition addition NN 5180 654 3 to to IN 5180 654 4 collecting collect VBG 5180 654 5 URLs url NNS 5180 654 6 through through IN 5180 654 7 search search NN 5180 654 8 engines engine NNS 5180 654 9 and and CC 5180 654 10 Web web NN 5180 654 11 directories directory NNS 5180 654 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 654 13 particularly particularly RB 5180 654 14 those those DT 5180 654 15 specializing specialize VBG 5180 654 16 in in IN 5180 654 17 sexually sexually RB 5180 654 18 explicit explicit JJ 5180 654 19 sites site NNS 5180 654 20 or or CC 5180 654 21 other other JJ 5180 654 22 categories category NNS 5180 654 23 relevant relevant JJ 5180 654 24 to to IN 5180 654 25 one one CD 5180 654 26 of of IN 5180 654 27 the the DT 5180 654 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 654 29 companies company NNS 5180 654 30 ' ' POS 5180 654 31 category category NN 5180 654 32 definitions definition NNS 5180 654 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 654 34 , , , 5180 654 35 and and CC 5180 654 36 by by IN 5180 654 37 mining mining NN 5180 654 38 user user NN 5180 654 39 logs log NNS 5180 654 40 and and CC 5180 654 41 collecting collect VBG 5180 654 42 URLs url NNS 5180 654 43 submitted submit VBN 5180 654 44 by by IN 5180 654 45 users user NNS 5180 654 46 , , , 5180 654 47 the the DT 5180 654 48 filtering filter VBG 5180 654 49 companies company NNS 5180 654 50 expand expand VBP 5180 654 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 654 52 list list NN 5180 654 53 of of IN 5180 654 54 harvested harvest VBN 5180 654 55 URLs URLs NNP 5180 654 56 by by IN 5180 654 57 using use VBG 5180 654 58 " " `` 5180 654 59 spidering spidere VBG 5180 654 60 " " '' 5180 654 61 software software NN 5180 654 62 that that WDT 5180 654 63 can can MD 5180 654 64 " " `` 5180 654 65 crawl crawl VB 5180 654 66 " " '' 5180 654 67 the the DT 5180 654 68 lists list NNS 5180 654 69 of of IN 5180 654 70 pages page NNS 5180 654 71 produced produce VBN 5180 654 72 by by IN 5180 654 73 the the DT 5180 654 74 previous previous JJ 5180 654 75 four four CD 5180 654 76 methods method NNS 5180 654 77 , , , 5180 654 78 following follow VBG 5180 654 79 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 654 80 links link NNS 5180 654 81 downward downward RB 5180 654 82 to to TO 5180 654 83 bring bring VB 5180 654 84 back back RB 5180 654 85 the the DT 5180 654 86 pages page NNS 5180 654 87 to to TO 5180 654 88 which which WDT 5180 654 89 they -PRON- PRP 5180 654 90 link link VBP 5180 654 91 ( ( -LRB- 5180 654 92 and and CC 5180 654 93 the the DT 5180 654 94 pages page NNS 5180 654 95 to to TO 5180 654 96 which which WDT 5180 654 97 those those DT 5180 654 98 pages page NNS 5180 654 99 link link VBP 5180 654 100 , , , 5180 654 101 and and CC 5180 654 102 so so RB 5180 654 103 on on RB 5180 654 104 , , , 5180 654 105 but but CC 5180 654 106 usually usually RB 5180 654 107 down down RB 5180 654 108 only only RB 5180 654 109 a a DT 5180 654 110 few few JJ 5180 654 111 levels level NNS 5180 654 112 ) ) -RRB- 5180 654 113 . . . 5180 655 1 This this DT 5180 655 2 spidering spidere VBG 5180 655 3 software software NN 5180 655 4 uses use VBZ 5180 655 5 the the DT 5180 655 6 same same JJ 5180 655 7 type type NN 5180 655 8 of of IN 5180 655 9 technology technology NN 5180 655 10 that that IN 5180 655 11 commercial commercial JJ 5180 655 12 Web web NN 5180 655 13 search search NN 5180 655 14 engines engine NNS 5180 655 15 use use VBP 5180 655 16 . . . 5180 656 1 While while IN 5180 656 2 useful useful JJ 5180 656 3 in in IN 5180 656 4 expanding expand VBG 5180 656 5 the the DT 5180 656 6 number number NN 5180 656 7 of of IN 5180 656 8 relevant relevant JJ 5180 656 9 URLs url NNS 5180 656 10 , , , 5180 656 11 the the DT 5180 656 12 ability ability NN 5180 656 13 to to TO 5180 656 14 retrieve retrieve VB 5180 656 15 additional additional JJ 5180 656 16 pages page NNS 5180 656 17 through through IN 5180 656 18 this this DT 5180 656 19 approach approach NN 5180 656 20 is be VBZ 5180 656 21 limited limit VBN 5180 656 22 by by IN 5180 656 23 the the DT 5180 656 24 architectural architectural JJ 5180 656 25 feature feature NN 5180 656 26 of of IN 5180 656 27 the the DT 5180 656 28 Web web NN 5180 656 29 that that IN 5180 656 30 page page NN 5180 656 31 - - HYPH 5180 656 32 to to IN 5180 656 33 - - HYPH 5180 656 34 page page NN 5180 656 35 links link NNS 5180 656 36 tend tend VBP 5180 656 37 to to TO 5180 656 38 converge converge VB 5180 656 39 rather rather RB 5180 656 40 than than IN 5180 656 41 diverge diverge NN 5180 656 42 . . . 5180 657 1 That that DT 5180 657 2 means mean VBZ 5180 657 3 that that IN 5180 657 4 the the DT 5180 657 5 more more JJR 5180 657 6 pages page NNS 5180 657 7 from from IN 5180 657 8 which which WDT 5180 657 9 one one NN 5180 657 10 spiders spider VBZ 5180 657 11 downward downward RB 5180 657 12 through through IN 5180 657 13 links link NNS 5180 657 14 , , , 5180 657 15 the the DT 5180 657 16 smaller small JJR 5180 657 17 the the DT 5180 657 18 proportion proportion NN 5180 657 19 of of IN 5180 657 20 new new JJ 5180 657 21 sites site NNS 5180 657 22 one one PRP 5180 657 23 will will MD 5180 657 24 uncover uncover VB 5180 657 25 ; ; : 5180 657 26 if if IN 5180 657 27 spidering spidere VBG 5180 657 28 the the DT 5180 657 29 links link NNS 5180 657 30 of of IN 5180 657 31 1000 1000 CD 5180 657 32 sites site NNS 5180 657 33 retrieved retrieve VBN 5180 657 34 through through IN 5180 657 35 a a DT 5180 657 36 search search NN 5180 657 37 engine engine NN 5180 657 38 or or CC 5180 657 39 Web web NN 5180 657 40 directory directory NN 5180 657 41 turns turn VBZ 5180 657 42 up up RB 5180 657 43 500 500 CD 5180 657 44 additional additional JJ 5180 657 45 distinct distinct JJ 5180 657 46 adult adult NN 5180 657 47 sites site NNS 5180 657 48 , , , 5180 657 49 spidering spidere VBG 5180 657 50 an an DT 5180 657 51 additional additional JJ 5180 657 52 1000 1000 CD 5180 657 53 sites site NNS 5180 657 54 may may MD 5180 657 55 turn turn VB 5180 657 56 up up RP 5180 657 57 , , , 5180 657 58 for for IN 5180 657 59 example example NN 5180 657 60 , , , 5180 657 61 only only RB 5180 657 62 250 250 CD 5180 657 63 additional additional JJ 5180 657 64 distinct distinct JJ 5180 657 65 sites site NNS 5180 657 66 , , , 5180 657 67 and and CC 5180 657 68 the the DT 5180 657 69 proportion proportion NN 5180 657 70 of of IN 5180 657 71 new new JJ 5180 657 72 sites site NNS 5180 657 73 uncovered uncover VBN 5180 657 74 will will MD 5180 657 75 continue continue VB 5180 657 76 to to TO 5180 657 77 diminish diminish VB 5180 657 78 as as IN 5180 657 79 more more JJR 5180 657 80 pages page NNS 5180 657 81 are be VBP 5180 657 82 spidered spidere VBN 5180 657 83 . . . 5180 658 1 These these DT 5180 658 2 limitations limitation NNS 5180 658 3 on on IN 5180 658 4 the the DT 5180 658 5 technology technology NN 5180 658 6 used use VBN 5180 658 7 to to TO 5180 658 8 harvest harvest VB 5180 658 9 a a DT 5180 658 10 set set NN 5180 658 11 of of IN 5180 658 12 URLs url NNS 5180 658 13 for for IN 5180 658 14 review review NN 5180 658 15 will will MD 5180 658 16 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 658 17 lead lead VB 5180 658 18 to to IN 5180 658 19 substantial substantial JJ 5180 658 20 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 658 21 of of IN 5180 658 22 material material NN 5180 658 23 with with IN 5180 658 24 respect respect NN 5180 658 25 to to IN 5180 658 26 both both DT 5180 658 27 the the DT 5180 658 28 category category NN 5180 658 29 definitions definition NNS 5180 658 30 employed employ VBN 5180 658 31 by by IN 5180 658 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 658 33 software software NN 5180 658 34 companies company NNS 5180 658 35 and and CC 5180 658 36 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 658 37 's 's POS 5180 658 38 definitions definition NNS 5180 658 39 of of IN 5180 658 40 visual visual JJ 5180 658 41 depictions depiction NNS 5180 658 42 that that WDT 5180 658 43 are be VBP 5180 658 44 obscene obscene JJ 5180 658 45 , , , 5180 658 46 child child NN 5180 658 47 pornography pornography NN 5180 658 48 , , , 5180 658 49 or or CC 5180 658 50 harmful harmful JJ 5180 658 51 to to IN 5180 658 52 minors minor NNS 5180 658 53 . . . 5180 659 1 2 2 LS 5180 659 2 . . . 5180 660 1 The the DT 5180 660 2 " " `` 5180 660 3 Winnowing winnowing NN 5180 660 4 " " '' 5180 660 5 or or CC 5180 660 6 Categorization Categorization NNP 5180 660 7 Phase Phase NNP 5180 660 8 Once once IN 5180 660 9 the the DT 5180 660 10 URLs url NNS 5180 660 11 have have VBP 5180 660 12 been be VBN 5180 660 13 harvested harvest VBN 5180 660 14 , , , 5180 660 15 some some DT 5180 660 16 filtering filter VBG 5180 660 17 software software NN 5180 660 18 companies company NNS 5180 660 19 use use VBP 5180 660 20 automated automate VBN 5180 660 21 key key JJ 5180 660 22 word word NN 5180 660 23 analysis analysis NN 5180 660 24 tools tool NNS 5180 660 25 to to TO 5180 660 26 evaluate evaluate VB 5180 660 27 the the DT 5180 660 28 content content NN 5180 660 29 and/or and/or CC 5180 660 30 features feature NNS 5180 660 31 of of IN 5180 660 32 Web web NN 5180 660 33 sites site NNS 5180 660 34 or or CC 5180 660 35 pages page NNS 5180 660 36 accessed access VBN 5180 660 37 via via IN 5180 660 38 a a DT 5180 660 39 particular particular JJ 5180 660 40 URL url NN 5180 660 41 and and CC 5180 660 42 to to TO 5180 660 43 tentatively tentatively RB 5180 660 44 prioritize prioritize VB 5180 660 45 or or CC 5180 660 46 categorize categorize VB 5180 660 47 them -PRON- PRP 5180 660 48 . . . 5180 661 1 This this DT 5180 661 2 process process NN 5180 661 3 may may MD 5180 661 4 be be VB 5180 661 5 characterized characterize VBN 5180 661 6 as as IN 5180 661 7 " " `` 5180 661 8 winnowing winnow VBG 5180 661 9 " " '' 5180 661 10 the the DT 5180 661 11 harvested harvest VBN 5180 661 12 URLs URLs NNP 5180 661 13 . . . 5180 662 1 Automated automate VBN 5180 662 2 systems system NNS 5180 662 3 currently currently RB 5180 662 4 used use VBN 5180 662 5 by by IN 5180 662 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 662 7 software software NN 5180 662 8 vendors vendor NNS 5180 662 9 to to TO 5180 662 10 prioritize prioritize VB 5180 662 11 , , , 5180 662 12 and and CC 5180 662 13 to to TO 5180 662 14 categorize categorize VB 5180 662 15 or or CC 5180 662 16 tentatively tentatively RB 5180 662 17 categorize categorize VB 5180 662 18 the the DT 5180 662 19 content content NN 5180 662 20 and/or and/or CC 5180 662 21 features feature NNS 5180 662 22 of of IN 5180 662 23 a a DT 5180 662 24 Web web NN 5180 662 25 site site NN 5180 662 26 or or CC 5180 662 27 page page NN 5180 662 28 accessed access VBN 5180 662 29 via via IN 5180 662 30 a a DT 5180 662 31 particular particular JJ 5180 662 32 URL url NN 5180 662 33 operate operate NN 5180 662 34 by by IN 5180 662 35 means mean NNS 5180 662 36 of of IN 5180 662 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 662 38 1 1 LS 5180 662 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 662 40 simple simple JJ 5180 662 41 key key JJ 5180 662 42 word word NN 5180 662 43 searching searching NN 5180 662 44 , , , 5180 662 45 and and CC 5180 662 46 ( ( -LRB- 5180 662 47 2 2 LS 5180 662 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 662 49 the the DT 5180 662 50 use use NN 5180 662 51 of of IN 5180 662 52 statistical statistical JJ 5180 662 53 algorithms algorithm NNS 5180 662 54 that that WDT 5180 662 55 rely rely VBP 5180 662 56 on on IN 5180 662 57 the the DT 5180 662 58 frequency frequency NN 5180 662 59 and and CC 5180 662 60 structure structure NN 5180 662 61 of of IN 5180 662 62 various various JJ 5180 662 63 linguistic linguistic JJ 5180 662 64 features feature NNS 5180 662 65 in in IN 5180 662 66 a a DT 5180 662 67 Web web NN 5180 662 68 page page NN 5180 662 69 's 's POS 5180 662 70 text text NN 5180 662 71 . . . 5180 663 1 The the DT 5180 663 2 automated automate VBN 5180 663 3 systems system NNS 5180 663 4 used use VBN 5180 663 5 to to TO 5180 663 6 categorize categorize VB 5180 663 7 pages page NNS 5180 663 8 do do VBP 5180 663 9 not not RB 5180 663 10 include include VB 5180 663 11 image image NN 5180 663 12 recognition recognition NN 5180 663 13 technology technology NN 5180 663 14 . . . 5180 664 1 All all DT 5180 664 2 of of IN 5180 664 3 the the DT 5180 664 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 664 5 companies company NNS 5180 664 6 deposed depose VBN 5180 664 7 in in IN 5180 664 8 the the DT 5180 664 9 case case NN 5180 664 10 also also RB 5180 664 11 employ employ VBP 5180 664 12 human human JJ 5180 664 13 review review NN 5180 664 14 of of IN 5180 664 15 some some DT 5180 664 16 or or CC 5180 664 17 all all DT 5180 664 18 collected collect VBN 5180 664 19 Web web NN 5180 664 20 pages page NNS 5180 664 21 at at IN 5180 664 22 some some DT 5180 664 23 point point NN 5180 664 24 during during IN 5180 664 25 the the DT 5180 664 26 process process NN 5180 664 27 of of IN 5180 664 28 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 664 29 Web web NN 5180 664 30 pages page NNS 5180 664 31 . . . 5180 665 1 As as IN 5180 665 2 with with IN 5180 665 3 the the DT 5180 665 4 harvesting harvesting NN 5180 665 5 process process NN 5180 665 6 , , , 5180 665 7 each each DT 5180 665 8 technique technique NN 5180 665 9 employed employ VBN 5180 665 10 in in IN 5180 665 11 the the DT 5180 665 12 winnowing winnowing NN 5180 665 13 process process NN 5180 665 14 is be VBZ 5180 665 15 subject subject JJ 5180 665 16 to to IN 5180 665 17 limitations limitation NNS 5180 665 18 that that WDT 5180 665 19 can can MD 5180 665 20 result result VB 5180 665 21 in in IN 5180 665 22 both both CC 5180 665 23 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 665 24 and and CC 5180 665 25 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 665 26 . . . 5180 666 1 First first JJ 5180 666 2 , , , 5180 666 3 simple simple JJ 5180 666 4 key key JJ 5180 666 5 - - HYPH 5180 666 6 word word NN 5180 666 7 - - HYPH 5180 666 8 based base VBN 5180 666 9 filters filter NNS 5180 666 10 are be VBP 5180 666 11 subject subject JJ 5180 666 12 to to IN 5180 666 13 the the DT 5180 666 14 obvious obvious JJ 5180 666 15 limitation limitation NN 5180 666 16 that that IN 5180 666 17 no no DT 5180 666 18 string string NN 5180 666 19 of of IN 5180 666 20 words word NNS 5180 666 21 can can MD 5180 666 22 identify identify VB 5180 666 23 all all DT 5180 666 24 sites site NNS 5180 666 25 that that WDT 5180 666 26 contain contain VBP 5180 666 27 sexually sexually RB 5180 666 28 explicit explicit JJ 5180 666 29 content content NN 5180 666 30 , , , 5180 666 31 and and CC 5180 666 32 most most JJS 5180 666 33 strings string NNS 5180 666 34 of of IN 5180 666 35 words word NNS 5180 666 36 are be VBP 5180 666 37 likely likely JJ 5180 666 38 to to TO 5180 666 39 appear appear VB 5180 666 40 in in IN 5180 666 41 Web web NN 5180 666 42 sites site NNS 5180 666 43 that that WDT 5180 666 44 are be VBP 5180 666 45 not not RB 5180 666 46 properly properly RB 5180 666 47 classified classify VBN 5180 666 48 as as IN 5180 666 49 containing contain VBG 5180 666 50 sexually sexually RB 5180 666 51 explicit explicit JJ 5180 666 52 content content NN 5180 666 53 . . . 5180 667 1 As as IN 5180 667 2 noted note VBN 5180 667 3 above above RB 5180 667 4 , , , 5180 667 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 667 6 software software NN 5180 667 7 companies company NNS 5180 667 8 also also RB 5180 667 9 use use VBP 5180 667 10 more more RBR 5180 667 11 sophisticated sophisticated JJ 5180 667 12 automated automated JJ 5180 667 13 classification classification NN 5180 667 14 systems system NNS 5180 667 15 for for IN 5180 667 16 the the DT 5180 667 17 statistical statistical JJ 5180 667 18 classification classification NN 5180 667 19 of of IN 5180 667 20 texts text NNS 5180 667 21 . . . 5180 668 1 These these DT 5180 668 2 systems system NNS 5180 668 3 assign assign VBP 5180 668 4 weights weight NNS 5180 668 5 to to IN 5180 668 6 words word NNS 5180 668 7 or or CC 5180 668 8 other other JJ 5180 668 9 textual textual JJ 5180 668 10 features feature NNS 5180 668 11 and and CC 5180 668 12 use use VBP 5180 668 13 algorithms algorithm NNS 5180 668 14 to to TO 5180 668 15 determine determine VB 5180 668 16 whether whether IN 5180 668 17 a a DT 5180 668 18 text text NN 5180 668 19 belongs belong VBZ 5180 668 20 to to IN 5180 668 21 a a DT 5180 668 22 certain certain JJ 5180 668 23 category category NN 5180 668 24 . . . 5180 669 1 These these DT 5180 669 2 algorithms algorithm NNS 5180 669 3 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 669 4 make make VBP 5180 669 5 reference reference NN 5180 669 6 to to IN 5180 669 7 the the DT 5180 669 8 position position NN 5180 669 9 of of IN 5180 669 10 a a DT 5180 669 11 word word NN 5180 669 12 within within IN 5180 669 13 a a DT 5180 669 14 text text NN 5180 669 15 or or CC 5180 669 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 669 17 relative relative JJ 5180 669 18 proximity proximity NN 5180 669 19 to to IN 5180 669 20 other other JJ 5180 669 21 words word NNS 5180 669 22 . . . 5180 670 1 The the DT 5180 670 2 weights weight NNS 5180 670 3 are be VBP 5180 670 4 usually usually RB 5180 670 5 determined determine VBN 5180 670 6 by by IN 5180 670 7 machine machine NN 5180 670 8 learning learning NN 5180 670 9 methods method NNS 5180 670 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 670 11 often often RB 5180 670 12 described describe VBN 5180 670 13 as as IN 5180 670 14 " " `` 5180 670 15 artificial artificial JJ 5180 670 16 intelligence intelligence NN 5180 670 17 " " '' 5180 670 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 670 19 . . . 5180 671 1 In in IN 5180 671 2 this this DT 5180 671 3 procedure procedure NN 5180 671 4 , , , 5180 671 5 which which WDT 5180 671 6 resembles resemble VBZ 5180 671 7 an an DT 5180 671 8 automated automate VBN 5180 671 9 form form NN 5180 671 10 of of IN 5180 671 11 trial trial NN 5180 671 12 and and CC 5180 671 13 error error NN 5180 671 14 , , , 5180 671 15 a a DT 5180 671 16 system system NN 5180 671 17 is be VBZ 5180 671 18 given give VBN 5180 671 19 a a DT 5180 671 20 " " `` 5180 671 21 training training NN 5180 671 22 set set NN 5180 671 23 " " '' 5180 671 24 consisting consist VBG 5180 671 25 of of IN 5180 671 26 documents document NNS 5180 671 27 preclassified preclassifie VBN 5180 671 28 into into IN 5180 671 29 two two CD 5180 671 30 or or CC 5180 671 31 more more JJR 5180 671 32 groups group NNS 5180 671 33 , , , 5180 671 34 along along IN 5180 671 35 with with IN 5180 671 36 a a DT 5180 671 37 set set NN 5180 671 38 of of IN 5180 671 39 features feature NNS 5180 671 40 that that WDT 5180 671 41 might may MD 5180 671 42 be be VB 5180 671 43 potentially potentially RB 5180 671 44 useful useful JJ 5180 671 45 in in IN 5180 671 46 classifying classify VBG 5180 671 47 the the DT 5180 671 48 sets set NNS 5180 671 49 . . . 5180 672 1 The the DT 5180 672 2 system system NN 5180 672 3 then then RB 5180 672 4 " " `` 5180 672 5 learns learn VBZ 5180 672 6 " " '' 5180 672 7 rules rule NNS 5180 672 8 that that WDT 5180 672 9 assign assign VBP 5180 672 10 weights weight NNS 5180 672 11 to to IN 5180 672 12 those those DT 5180 672 13 features feature NNS 5180 672 14 according accord VBG 5180 672 15 to to IN 5180 672 16 how how WRB 5180 672 17 well well RB 5180 672 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 672 19 work work VBP 5180 672 20 in in IN 5180 672 21 classification classification NN 5180 672 22 , , , 5180 672 23 and and CC 5180 672 24 assigns assign VBZ 5180 672 25 each each DT 5180 672 26 new new JJ 5180 672 27 document document NN 5180 672 28 to to IN 5180 672 29 a a DT 5180 672 30 category category NN 5180 672 31 with with IN 5180 672 32 a a DT 5180 672 33 certain certain JJ 5180 672 34 probability probability NN 5180 672 35 . . . 5180 673 1 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 5180 673 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 673 3 " " `` 5180 673 4 artificial artificial JJ 5180 673 5 intelligence intelligence NN 5180 673 6 " " '' 5180 673 7 description description NN 5180 673 8 , , , 5180 673 9 automated automate VBD 5180 673 10 text text NN 5180 673 11 classification classification NN 5180 673 12 systems system NNS 5180 673 13 are be VBP 5180 673 14 unable unable JJ 5180 673 15 to to TO 5180 673 16 grasp grasp VB 5180 673 17 many many JJ 5180 673 18 distinctions distinction NNS 5180 673 19 between between IN 5180 673 20 types type NNS 5180 673 21 of of IN 5180 673 22 content content NN 5180 673 23 that that WDT 5180 673 24 would would MD 5180 673 25 be be VB 5180 673 26 obvious obvious JJ 5180 673 27 to to IN 5180 673 28 a a DT 5180 673 29 human human NN 5180 673 30 . . . 5180 674 1 And and CC 5180 674 2 of of IN 5180 674 3 critical critical JJ 5180 674 4 importance importance NN 5180 674 5 , , , 5180 674 6 no no RB 5180 674 7 presently presently RB 5180 674 8 conceivable conceivable JJ 5180 674 9 technology technology NN 5180 674 10 can can MD 5180 674 11 make make VB 5180 674 12 the the DT 5180 674 13 judgments judgment NNS 5180 674 14 necessary necessary JJ 5180 674 15 to to TO 5180 674 16 determine determine VB 5180 674 17 whether whether IN 5180 674 18 a a DT 5180 674 19 visual visual JJ 5180 674 20 depiction depiction NN 5180 674 21 fits fit VBZ 5180 674 22 the the DT 5180 674 23 legal legal JJ 5180 674 24 definitions definition NNS 5180 674 25 of of IN 5180 674 26 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 674 27 , , , 5180 674 28 child child NN 5180 674 29 pornography pornography NN 5180 674 30 , , , 5180 674 31 or or CC 5180 674 32 harmful harmful JJ 5180 674 33 to to IN 5180 674 34 minors minor NNS 5180 674 35 . . . 5180 675 1 Finally finally RB 5180 675 2 , , , 5180 675 3 all all PDT 5180 675 4 the the DT 5180 675 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 675 6 software software NN 5180 675 7 companies company NNS 5180 675 8 deposed depose VBN 5180 675 9 in in IN 5180 675 10 this this DT 5180 675 11 case case NN 5180 675 12 use use VB 5180 675 13 some some DT 5180 675 14 form form NN 5180 675 15 of of IN 5180 675 16 human human JJ 5180 675 17 review review NN 5180 675 18 in in IN 5180 675 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 675 20 process process NN 5180 675 21 of of IN 5180 675 22 winnowing winnow VBG 5180 675 23 and and CC 5180 675 24 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 675 25 Web web NN 5180 675 26 pages page NNS 5180 675 27 , , , 5180 675 28 although although IN 5180 675 29 one one CD 5180 675 30 company company NN 5180 675 31 admitted admit VBD 5180 675 32 to to IN 5180 675 33 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 675 34 some some DT 5180 675 35 Web web NN 5180 675 36 pages page NNS 5180 675 37 without without IN 5180 675 38 any any DT 5180 675 39 human human JJ 5180 675 40 review review NN 5180 675 41 . . . 5180 676 1 SmartFilter SmartFilter NNP 5180 676 2 states state VBZ 5180 676 3 that that IN 5180 676 4 " " `` 5180 676 5 the the DT 5180 676 6 final final JJ 5180 676 7 categorization categorization NN 5180 676 8 of of IN 5180 676 9 every every DT 5180 676 10 Web web NN 5180 676 11 site site NN 5180 676 12 is be VBZ 5180 676 13 done do VBN 5180 676 14 by by IN 5180 676 15 a a DT 5180 676 16 human human JJ 5180 676 17 reviewer reviewer NN 5180 676 18 . . . 5180 676 19 " " '' 5180 677 1 Another another DT 5180 677 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 677 3 company company NN 5180 677 4 asserts assert VBZ 5180 677 5 that that DT 5180 677 6 of of IN 5180 677 7 the the DT 5180 677 8 10,000 10,000 CD 5180 677 9 to to TO 5180 677 10 30,000 30,000 CD 5180 677 11 Web web NN 5180 677 12 pages page NNS 5180 677 13 that that WDT 5180 677 14 enter enter VBP 5180 677 15 the the DT 5180 677 16 " " `` 5180 677 17 work work NN 5180 677 18 queue queue NN 5180 677 19 " " '' 5180 677 20 to to TO 5180 677 21 be be VB 5180 677 22 categorized categorize VBN 5180 677 23 each each DT 5180 677 24 day day NN 5180 677 25 , , , 5180 677 26 two two CD 5180 677 27 to to TO 5180 677 28 three three CD 5180 677 29 percent percent NN 5180 677 30 of of IN 5180 677 31 those those DT 5180 677 32 are be VBP 5180 677 33 automatically automatically RB 5180 677 34 categorized categorize VBN 5180 677 35 by by IN 5180 677 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 677 37 PornByRef PornByRef NNP 5180 677 38 system system NN 5180 677 39 ( ( -LRB- 5180 677 40 which which WDT 5180 677 41 only only RB 5180 677 42 applies apply VBZ 5180 677 43 to to IN 5180 677 44 materials material NNS 5180 677 45 classified classify VBN 5180 677 46 in in IN 5180 677 47 the the DT 5180 677 48 pornography pornography NN 5180 677 49 category category NN 5180 677 50 ) ) -RRB- 5180 677 51 , , , 5180 677 52 and and CC 5180 677 53 the the DT 5180 677 54 remainder remainder NN 5180 677 55 are be VBP 5180 677 56 categorized categorize VBN 5180 677 57 by by IN 5180 677 58 human human JJ 5180 677 59 review review NN 5180 677 60 . . . 5180 678 1 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 678 2 also also RB 5180 678 3 states state VBZ 5180 678 4 that that IN 5180 678 5 no no DT 5180 678 6 URL URL NNP 5180 678 7 is be VBZ 5180 678 8 ever ever RB 5180 678 9 added add VBN 5180 678 10 to to IN 5180 678 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 678 12 database database NN 5180 678 13 without without IN 5180 678 14 human human JJ 5180 678 15 review review NN 5180 678 16 . . . 5180 679 1 Human human JJ 5180 679 2 review review NN 5180 679 3 of of IN 5180 679 4 Web web NN 5180 679 5 pages page NNS 5180 679 6 has have VBZ 5180 679 7 the the DT 5180 679 8 advantage advantage NN 5180 679 9 of of IN 5180 679 10 allowing allow VBG 5180 679 11 more more RBR 5180 679 12 nuanced nuance VBN 5180 679 13 , , , 5180 679 14 if if IN 5180 679 15 not not RB 5180 679 16 more more RBR 5180 679 17 accurate accurate JJ 5180 679 18 , , , 5180 679 19 interpretations interpretation NNS 5180 679 20 than than IN 5180 679 21 automated automated JJ 5180 679 22 classification classification NN 5180 679 23 systems system NNS 5180 679 24 are be VBP 5180 679 25 capable capable JJ 5180 679 26 of of IN 5180 679 27 making make VBG 5180 679 28 , , , 5180 679 29 but but CC 5180 679 30 suffers suffer NNS 5180 679 31 from from IN 5180 679 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 679 33 own own JJ 5180 679 34 sources source NNS 5180 679 35 of of IN 5180 679 36 error error NN 5180 679 37 . . . 5180 680 1 The the DT 5180 680 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 680 3 software software NN 5180 680 4 companies company NNS 5180 680 5 involved involve VBN 5180 680 6 here here RB 5180 680 7 have have VBP 5180 680 8 limited limit VBN 5180 680 9 staff staff NN 5180 680 10 , , , 5180 680 11 of of IN 5180 680 12 between between IN 5180 680 13 eight eight CD 5180 680 14 and and CC 5180 680 15 a a DT 5180 680 16 few few JJ 5180 680 17 dozen dozen NN 5180 680 18 people people NNS 5180 680 19 , , , 5180 680 20 available available JJ 5180 680 21 for for IN 5180 680 22 hand hand NN 5180 680 23 reviewing reviewing NN 5180 680 24 Web web NN 5180 680 25 pages page NNS 5180 680 26 . . . 5180 681 1 The the DT 5180 681 2 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 681 3 that that WDT 5180 681 4 are be VBP 5180 681 5 employed employ VBN 5180 681 6 by by IN 5180 681 7 these these DT 5180 681 8 companies company NNS 5180 681 9 base base VBP 5180 681 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 681 11 categorization categorization NN 5180 681 12 decisions decision NNS 5180 681 13 on on IN 5180 681 14 both both CC 5180 681 15 the the DT 5180 681 16 text text NN 5180 681 17 and and CC 5180 681 18 the the DT 5180 681 19 visual visual JJ 5180 681 20 depictions depiction NNS 5180 681 21 that that WDT 5180 681 22 appear appear VBP 5180 681 23 on on IN 5180 681 24 the the DT 5180 681 25 sites site NNS 5180 681 26 or or CC 5180 681 27 pages page NNS 5180 681 28 they -PRON- PRP 5180 681 29 are be VBP 5180 681 30 assigned assign VBN 5180 681 31 to to TO 5180 681 32 review review VB 5180 681 33 . . . 5180 682 1 Human human JJ 5180 682 2 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 682 3 generally generally RB 5180 682 4 focus focus VBP 5180 682 5 on on IN 5180 682 6 English english JJ 5180 682 7 language language NN 5180 682 8 Web web NN 5180 682 9 sites site NNS 5180 682 10 , , , 5180 682 11 and and CC 5180 682 12 are be VBP 5180 682 13 generally generally RB 5180 682 14 not not RB 5180 682 15 required require VBN 5180 682 16 to to TO 5180 682 17 be be VB 5180 682 18 multi multi JJ 5180 682 19 - - JJ 5180 682 20 lingual lingual JJ 5180 682 21 . . . 5180 683 1 Given give VBN 5180 683 2 the the DT 5180 683 3 speed speed NN 5180 683 4 at at IN 5180 683 5 which which WDT 5180 683 6 human human JJ 5180 683 7 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 683 8 must must MD 5180 683 9 work work VB 5180 683 10 to to TO 5180 683 11 keep keep VB 5180 683 12 up up RP 5180 683 13 with with IN 5180 683 14 even even RB 5180 683 15 a a DT 5180 683 16 fraction fraction NN 5180 683 17 of of IN 5180 683 18 the the DT 5180 683 19 approximately approximately RB 5180 683 20 1.5 1.5 CD 5180 683 21 million million CD 5180 683 22 pages page NNS 5180 683 23 added add VBN 5180 683 24 to to IN 5180 683 25 the the DT 5180 683 26 publicly publicly RB 5180 683 27 indexable indexable JJ 5180 683 28 Web web NN 5180 683 29 each each DT 5180 683 30 day day NN 5180 683 31 , , , 5180 683 32 human human JJ 5180 683 33 error error NN 5180 683 34 is be VBZ 5180 683 35 inevitable inevitable JJ 5180 683 36 . . . 5180 684 1 Errors error NNS 5180 684 2 are be VBP 5180 684 3 likely likely JJ 5180 684 4 to to TO 5180 684 5 result result VB 5180 684 6 from from IN 5180 684 7 boredom boredom NN 5180 684 8 or or CC 5180 684 9 lack lack NN 5180 684 10 of of IN 5180 684 11 attentiveness attentiveness NN 5180 684 12 , , , 5180 684 13 overzealousness overzealousness JJ 5180 684 14 , , , 5180 684 15 or or CC 5180 684 16 a a DT 5180 684 17 desire desire NN 5180 684 18 to to TO 5180 684 19 " " `` 5180 684 20 err err VB 5180 684 21 on on IN 5180 684 22 the the DT 5180 684 23 side side NN 5180 684 24 of of IN 5180 684 25 caution caution NN 5180 684 26 " " '' 5180 684 27 by by IN 5180 684 28 screening screen VBG 5180 684 29 out out RP 5180 684 30 material material NN 5180 684 31 that that WDT 5180 684 32 might may MD 5180 684 33 be be VB 5180 684 34 offensive offensive JJ 5180 684 35 to to IN 5180 684 36 some some DT 5180 684 37 customers customer NNS 5180 684 38 , , , 5180 684 39 even even RB 5180 684 40 if if IN 5180 684 41 it -PRON- PRP 5180 684 42 does do VBZ 5180 684 43 not not RB 5180 684 44 fit fit VB 5180 684 45 within within IN 5180 684 46 any any DT 5180 684 47 of of IN 5180 684 48 the the DT 5180 684 49 company company NN 5180 684 50 's 's POS 5180 684 51 category category NN 5180 684 52 definitions definition NNS 5180 684 53 . . . 5180 685 1 None none NN 5180 685 2 of of IN 5180 685 3 the the DT 5180 685 4 filtering filtering NN 5180 685 5 companies company NNS 5180 685 6 trains train VBZ 5180 685 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 685 8 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 685 9 in in IN 5180 685 10 the the DT 5180 685 11 legal legal JJ 5180 685 12 definitions definition NNS 5180 685 13 concerning concern VBG 5180 685 14 what what WP 5180 685 15 is be VBZ 5180 685 16 obscene obscene JJ 5180 685 17 , , , 5180 685 18 child child NN 5180 685 19 pornography pornography NN 5180 685 20 , , , 5180 685 21 or or CC 5180 685 22 harmful harmful JJ 5180 685 23 to to IN 5180 685 24 minors minor NNS 5180 685 25 , , , 5180 685 26 and and CC 5180 685 27 none none NN 5180 685 28 instructs instruct VBZ 5180 685 29 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 685 30 to to TO 5180 685 31 take take VB 5180 685 32 community community NN 5180 685 33 standards standard NNS 5180 685 34 into into IN 5180 685 35 account account NN 5180 685 36 when when WRB 5180 685 37 making make VBG 5180 685 38 categorization categorization NN 5180 685 39 decisions decision NNS 5180 685 40 . . . 5180 686 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 5180 686 2 because because IN 5180 686 3 of of IN 5180 686 4 limitations limitation NNS 5180 686 5 on on IN 5180 686 6 the the DT 5180 686 7 number number NN 5180 686 8 of of IN 5180 686 9 human human JJ 5180 686 10 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 686 11 and and CC 5180 686 12 because because IN 5180 686 13 of of IN 5180 686 14 the the DT 5180 686 15 large large JJ 5180 686 16 number number NN 5180 686 17 of of IN 5180 686 18 new new JJ 5180 686 19 pages page NNS 5180 686 20 that that WDT 5180 686 21 are be VBP 5180 686 22 added add VBN 5180 686 23 to to IN 5180 686 24 the the DT 5180 686 25 Web web NN 5180 686 26 every every DT 5180 686 27 day day NN 5180 686 28 , , , 5180 686 29 filtering filter VBG 5180 686 30 companies company NNS 5180 686 31 also also RB 5180 686 32 widely widely RB 5180 686 33 engage engage VBP 5180 686 34 in in IN 5180 686 35 the the DT 5180 686 36 practice practice NN 5180 686 37 of of IN 5180 686 38 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 686 39 entire entire JJ 5180 686 40 Web web NN 5180 686 41 sites site NNS 5180 686 42 at at IN 5180 686 43 the the DT 5180 686 44 " " `` 5180 686 45 root root NN 5180 686 46 URL url NN 5180 686 47 , , , 5180 686 48 " " '' 5180 686 49 rather rather RB 5180 686 50 than than IN 5180 686 51 engaging engage VBG 5180 686 52 in in IN 5180 686 53 a a DT 5180 686 54 more more RBR 5180 686 55 fine fine RB 5180 686 56 - - HYPH 5180 686 57 grained grain VBN 5180 686 58 analysis analysis NN 5180 686 59 of of IN 5180 686 60 the the DT 5180 686 61 individual individual JJ 5180 686 62 pages page NNS 5180 686 63 within within IN 5180 686 64 a a DT 5180 686 65 Web web NN 5180 686 66 site site NN 5180 686 67 . . . 5180 687 1 For for IN 5180 687 2 example example NN 5180 687 3 , , , 5180 687 4 the the DT 5180 687 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 687 6 software software NN 5180 687 7 companies company NNS 5180 687 8 deposed depose VBN 5180 687 9 in in IN 5180 687 10 this this DT 5180 687 11 case case NN 5180 687 12 all all DT 5180 687 13 categorize categorize VBP 5180 687 14 the the DT 5180 687 15 entire entire JJ 5180 687 16 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 687 17 Web web NN 5180 687 18 site site NN 5180 687 19 as as IN 5180 687 20 Adult Adult NNP 5180 687 21 , , , 5180 687 22 Sexually Sexually NNP 5180 687 23 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 687 24 , , , 5180 687 25 or or CC 5180 687 26 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 687 27 . . . 5180 688 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 688 2 do do VBP 5180 688 3 not not RB 5180 688 4 differentiate differentiate VB 5180 688 5 between between IN 5180 688 6 pages page NNS 5180 688 7 within within IN 5180 688 8 the the DT 5180 688 9 site site NN 5180 688 10 containing contain VBG 5180 688 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 688 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 688 13 images image NNS 5180 688 14 or or CC 5180 688 15 text text NN 5180 688 16 , , , 5180 688 17 and and CC 5180 688 18 for for IN 5180 688 19 example example NN 5180 688 20 , , , 5180 688 21 pages page NNS 5180 688 22 containing contain VBG 5180 688 23 no no DT 5180 688 24 sexually sexually RB 5180 688 25 explicit explicit JJ 5180 688 26 content content NN 5180 688 27 , , , 5180 688 28 such such JJ 5180 688 29 as as IN 5180 688 30 the the DT 5180 688 31 text text NN 5180 688 32 of of IN 5180 688 33 interviews interview NNS 5180 688 34 of of IN 5180 688 35 celebrities celebrity NNS 5180 688 36 or or CC 5180 688 37 politicians politician NNS 5180 688 38 . . . 5180 689 1 If if IN 5180 689 2 the the DT 5180 689 3 " " `` 5180 689 4 root root NN 5180 689 5 " " '' 5180 689 6 or or CC 5180 689 7 " " `` 5180 689 8 top top JJ 5180 689 9 - - HYPH 5180 689 10 level level NN 5180 689 11 " " '' 5180 689 12 URL url NN 5180 689 13 of of IN 5180 689 14 a a DT 5180 689 15 Web web NN 5180 689 16 site site NN 5180 689 17 is be VBZ 5180 689 18 given give VBN 5180 689 19 a a DT 5180 689 20 category category NN 5180 689 21 tag tag NN 5180 689 22 , , , 5180 689 23 then then RB 5180 689 24 access access VB 5180 689 25 to to IN 5180 689 26 all all DT 5180 689 27 content content NN 5180 689 28 on on IN 5180 689 29 that that DT 5180 689 30 Web web NN 5180 689 31 site site NN 5180 689 32 will will MD 5180 689 33 be be VB 5180 689 34 blocked block VBN 5180 689 35 if if IN 5180 689 36 the the DT 5180 689 37 assigned assign VBN 5180 689 38 category category NN 5180 689 39 is be VBZ 5180 689 40 enabled enable VBN 5180 689 41 by by IN 5180 689 42 a a DT 5180 689 43 customer customer NN 5180 689 44 . . . 5180 690 1 In in IN 5180 690 2 some some DT 5180 690 3 cases case NNS 5180 690 4 , , , 5180 690 5 whole whole JJ 5180 690 6 Web web NN 5180 690 7 sites site NNS 5180 690 8 are be VBP 5180 690 9 blocked block VBN 5180 690 10 because because IN 5180 690 11 the the DT 5180 690 12 filtering filtering NN 5180 690 13 companies company NNS 5180 690 14 focus focus VBP 5180 690 15 only only RB 5180 690 16 on on IN 5180 690 17 the the DT 5180 690 18 content content NN 5180 690 19 of of IN 5180 690 20 the the DT 5180 690 21 home home NN 5180 690 22 page page NN 5180 690 23 that that WDT 5180 690 24 is be VBZ 5180 690 25 accessed access VBN 5180 690 26 by by IN 5180 690 27 entering enter VBG 5180 690 28 the the DT 5180 690 29 root root NN 5180 690 30 URL url NN 5180 690 31 . . . 5180 691 1 Entire entire JJ 5180 691 2 Web web NN 5180 691 3 sites site NNS 5180 691 4 containing contain VBG 5180 691 5 multiple multiple JJ 5180 691 6 Web web NN 5180 691 7 pages page NNS 5180 691 8 are be VBP 5180 691 9 commonly commonly RB 5180 691 10 categorized categorize VBN 5180 691 11 without without IN 5180 691 12 human human JJ 5180 691 13 review review NN 5180 691 14 of of IN 5180 691 15 each each DT 5180 691 16 individual individual JJ 5180 691 17 page page NN 5180 691 18 on on IN 5180 691 19 that that DT 5180 691 20 site site NN 5180 691 21 . . . 5180 692 1 Web web NN 5180 692 2 sites site NNS 5180 692 3 that that WDT 5180 692 4 may may MD 5180 692 5 contain contain VB 5180 692 6 multiple multiple JJ 5180 692 7 Web web NN 5180 692 8 pages page NNS 5180 692 9 and and CC 5180 692 10 that that WDT 5180 692 11 require require VBP 5180 692 12 authentication authentication NN 5180 692 13 or or CC 5180 692 14 payment payment NN 5180 692 15 for for IN 5180 692 16 access access NN 5180 692 17 are be VBP 5180 692 18 commonly commonly RB 5180 692 19 categorized categorize VBN 5180 692 20 based base VBN 5180 692 21 solely solely RB 5180 692 22 on on IN 5180 692 23 a a DT 5180 692 24 human human JJ 5180 692 25 reviewer reviewer NN 5180 692 26 's 's POS 5180 692 27 evaluation evaluation NN 5180 692 28 of of IN 5180 692 29 the the DT 5180 692 30 pages page NNS 5180 692 31 that that WDT 5180 692 32 may may MD 5180 692 33 be be VB 5180 692 34 viewed view VBN 5180 692 35 prior prior RB 5180 692 36 to to IN 5180 692 37 reaching reach VBG 5180 692 38 the the DT 5180 692 39 authentication authentication NN 5180 692 40 or or CC 5180 692 41 payment payment NN 5180 692 42 page page NN 5180 692 43 . . . 5180 693 1 Because because IN 5180 693 2 there there EX 5180 693 3 may may MD 5180 693 4 be be VB 5180 693 5 hundreds hundred NNS 5180 693 6 or or CC 5180 693 7 thousands thousand NNS 5180 693 8 of of IN 5180 693 9 pages page NNS 5180 693 10 under under IN 5180 693 11 a a DT 5180 693 12 root root NN 5180 693 13 URL url NN 5180 693 14 , , , 5180 693 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 693 16 companies company NNS 5180 693 17 make make VBP 5180 693 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 693 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 693 20 primary primary JJ 5180 693 21 mission mission NN 5180 693 22 to to TO 5180 693 23 categorize categorize VB 5180 693 24 the the DT 5180 693 25 root root NN 5180 693 26 URL url NN 5180 693 27 , , , 5180 693 28 and and CC 5180 693 29 categorize categorize VB 5180 693 30 subsidiary subsidiary NN 5180 693 31 pages page NNS 5180 693 32 if if IN 5180 693 33 the the DT 5180 693 34 need need NN 5180 693 35 arises arise VBZ 5180 693 36 or or CC 5180 693 37 if if IN 5180 693 38 there there EX 5180 693 39 is be VBZ 5180 693 40 time time NN 5180 693 41 . . . 5180 694 1 This this DT 5180 694 2 form form NN 5180 694 3 of of IN 5180 694 4 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 694 5 is be VBZ 5180 694 6 called call VBN 5180 694 7 " " `` 5180 694 8 inheritance inheritance NN 5180 694 9 , , , 5180 694 10 " " '' 5180 694 11 because because IN 5180 694 12 lower low JJR 5180 694 13 - - HYPH 5180 694 14 level level NN 5180 694 15 pages page NNS 5180 694 16 inherit inherit VBP 5180 694 17 the the DT 5180 694 18 categorization categorization NN 5180 694 19 of of IN 5180 694 20 the the DT 5180 694 21 root root NN 5180 694 22 URL url NN 5180 694 23 without without IN 5180 694 24 regard regard NN 5180 694 25 to to IN 5180 694 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 694 27 specific specific JJ 5180 694 28 content content NN 5180 694 29 . . . 5180 695 1 In in IN 5180 695 2 some some DT 5180 695 3 cases case NNS 5180 695 4 , , , 5180 695 5 " " `` 5180 695 6 reverse reverse JJ 5180 695 7 inheritance inheritance NN 5180 695 8 " " '' 5180 695 9 also also RB 5180 695 10 occurs occur VBZ 5180 695 11 , , , 5180 695 12 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 695 13 , , , 5180 695 14 parent parent NN 5180 695 15 sites site NNS 5180 695 16 inherit inherit VBP 5180 695 17 the the DT 5180 695 18 classification classification NN 5180 695 19 of of IN 5180 695 20 pages page NNS 5180 695 21 in in IN 5180 695 22 a a DT 5180 695 23 lower low JJR 5180 695 24 level level NN 5180 695 25 of of IN 5180 695 26 the the DT 5180 695 27 site site NN 5180 695 28 . . . 5180 696 1 This this DT 5180 696 2 might may MD 5180 696 3 happen happen VB 5180 696 4 when when WRB 5180 696 5 pages page NNS 5180 696 6 with with IN 5180 696 7 sexual sexual JJ 5180 696 8 content content NN 5180 696 9 appear appear VBP 5180 696 10 in in IN 5180 696 11 a a DT 5180 696 12 Web web NN 5180 696 13 site site NN 5180 696 14 that that WDT 5180 696 15 is be VBZ 5180 696 16 devoted devote VBN 5180 696 17 primarily primarily RB 5180 696 18 to to IN 5180 696 19 non non JJ 5180 696 20 - - JJ 5180 696 21 sexual sexual JJ 5180 696 22 content content NN 5180 696 23 . . . 5180 697 1 For for IN 5180 697 2 example example NN 5180 697 3 , , , 5180 697 4 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 697 5 's 's POS 5180 697 6 Bess Bess NNP 5180 697 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 697 8 product product NN 5180 697 9 classifies classifie NNS 5180 697 10 every every DT 5180 697 11 page page NN 5180 697 12 in in IN 5180 697 13 the the DT 5180 697 14 Salon.com Salon.com NNP 5180 697 15 Web web NN 5180 697 16 site site NN 5180 697 17 , , , 5180 697 18 which which WDT 5180 697 19 contains contain VBZ 5180 697 20 a a DT 5180 697 21 wide wide JJ 5180 697 22 range range NN 5180 697 23 of of IN 5180 697 24 news news NN 5180 697 25 and and CC 5180 697 26 cultural cultural JJ 5180 697 27 commentary commentary NN 5180 697 28 , , , 5180 697 29 as as IN 5180 697 30 " " `` 5180 697 31 Sex Sex NNP 5180 697 32 , , , 5180 697 33 Profanity Profanity NNP 5180 697 34 , , , 5180 697 35 " " '' 5180 697 36 based base VBN 5180 697 37 on on IN 5180 697 38 the the DT 5180 697 39 fact fact NN 5180 697 40 that that IN 5180 697 41 the the DT 5180 697 42 site site NN 5180 697 43 includes include VBZ 5180 697 44 a a DT 5180 697 45 regular regular JJ 5180 697 46 column column NN 5180 697 47 that that WDT 5180 697 48 deals deal VBZ 5180 697 49 with with IN 5180 697 50 sexual sexual JJ 5180 697 51 issues issue NNS 5180 697 52 . . . 5180 698 1 Blocking block VBG 5180 698 2 by by IN 5180 698 3 both both DT 5180 698 4 domain domain NN 5180 698 5 name name NN 5180 698 6 and and CC 5180 698 7 IP IP NNP 5180 698 8 address address NN 5180 698 9 is be VBZ 5180 698 10 another another DT 5180 698 11 practice practice NN 5180 698 12 in in IN 5180 698 13 which which WDT 5180 698 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 698 15 companies company NNS 5180 698 16 engage engage VBP 5180 698 17 that that DT 5180 698 18 is be VBZ 5180 698 19 a a DT 5180 698 20 function function NN 5180 698 21 both both DT 5180 698 22 of of IN 5180 698 23 the the DT 5180 698 24 architecture architecture NN 5180 698 25 of of IN 5180 698 26 the the DT 5180 698 27 Web web NN 5180 698 28 and and CC 5180 698 29 of of IN 5180 698 30 the the DT 5180 698 31 exigencies exigency NNS 5180 698 32 of of IN 5180 698 33 dealing deal VBG 5180 698 34 with with IN 5180 698 35 the the DT 5180 698 36 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 698 37 expanding expand VBG 5180 698 38 number number NN 5180 698 39 of of IN 5180 698 40 Web web NN 5180 698 41 pages page NNS 5180 698 42 . . . 5180 699 1 The the DT 5180 699 2 category category NN 5180 699 3 lists list NNS 5180 699 4 maintained maintain VBN 5180 699 5 by by IN 5180 699 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 699 7 software software NN 5180 699 8 companies company NNS 5180 699 9 can can MD 5180 699 10 include include VB 5180 699 11 URLs url NNS 5180 699 12 in in IN 5180 699 13 either either CC 5180 699 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 699 15 human human JJ 5180 699 16 - - HYPH 5180 699 17 readable readable JJ 5180 699 18 domain domain NN 5180 699 19 name name NN 5180 699 20 address address NN 5180 699 21 form form NN 5180 699 22 , , , 5180 699 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 699 24 numeric numeric JJ 5180 699 25 IP IP NNP 5180 699 26 address address NN 5180 699 27 form form NN 5180 699 28 , , , 5180 699 29 or or CC 5180 699 30 both both DT 5180 699 31 . . . 5180 700 1 Through through IN 5180 700 2 " " `` 5180 700 3 virtual virtual JJ 5180 700 4 hosting hosting NN 5180 700 5 " " '' 5180 700 6 services service NNS 5180 700 7 , , , 5180 700 8 hundreds hundred NNS 5180 700 9 of of IN 5180 700 10 thousands thousand NNS 5180 700 11 of of IN 5180 700 12 Web web NN 5180 700 13 sites site NNS 5180 700 14 with with IN 5180 700 15 distinct distinct JJ 5180 700 16 domain domain NN 5180 700 17 names name NNS 5180 700 18 may may MD 5180 700 19 share share VB 5180 700 20 a a DT 5180 700 21 single single JJ 5180 700 22 numeric numeric JJ 5180 700 23 IP IP NNP 5180 700 24 address address NN 5180 700 25 . . . 5180 701 1 To to IN 5180 701 2 the the DT 5180 701 3 extent extent NN 5180 701 4 that that IN 5180 701 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 701 6 companies company NNS 5180 701 7 block block VBP 5180 701 8 the the DT 5180 701 9 IP IP NNP 5180 701 10 addresses address NNS 5180 701 11 of of IN 5180 701 12 virtual virtual JJ 5180 701 13 hosting hosting NN 5180 701 14 services service NNS 5180 701 15 , , , 5180 701 16 they -PRON- PRP 5180 701 17 will will MD 5180 701 18 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 701 19 block block VB 5180 701 20 a a DT 5180 701 21 substantial substantial JJ 5180 701 22 amount amount NN 5180 701 23 of of IN 5180 701 24 content content NN 5180 701 25 without without IN 5180 701 26 reviewing review VBG 5180 701 27 it -PRON- PRP 5180 701 28 , , , 5180 701 29 and and CC 5180 701 30 will will MD 5180 701 31 likely likely RB 5180 701 32 overblock overblock VB 5180 701 33 a a DT 5180 701 34 substantial substantial JJ 5180 701 35 amount amount NN 5180 701 36 of of IN 5180 701 37 content content NN 5180 701 38 . . . 5180 702 1 Another another DT 5180 702 2 technique technique NN 5180 702 3 that that IN 5180 702 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 702 5 companies company NNS 5180 702 6 use use VBP 5180 702 7 in in IN 5180 702 8 order order NN 5180 702 9 to to TO 5180 702 10 deal deal VB 5180 702 11 with with IN 5180 702 12 a a DT 5180 702 13 structural structural JJ 5180 702 14 feature feature NN 5180 702 15 of of IN 5180 702 16 the the DT 5180 702 17 Internet internet NN 5180 702 18 is be VBZ 5180 702 19 blocking block VBG 5180 702 20 the the DT 5180 702 21 root root NN 5180 702 22 level level NN 5180 702 23 URLs url NNS 5180 702 24 of of IN 5180 702 25 so so RB 5180 702 26 - - HYPH 5180 702 27 called call VBN 5180 702 28 " " `` 5180 702 29 loophole loophole NN 5180 702 30 " " '' 5180 702 31 Web web NN 5180 702 32 sites site NNS 5180 702 33 . . . 5180 703 1 These these DT 5180 703 2 are be VBP 5180 703 3 Web web NN 5180 703 4 sites site NNS 5180 703 5 that that WDT 5180 703 6 provide provide VBP 5180 703 7 access access NN 5180 703 8 to to IN 5180 703 9 a a DT 5180 703 10 particular particular JJ 5180 703 11 Web web NN 5180 703 12 page page NN 5180 703 13 , , , 5180 703 14 but but CC 5180 703 15 display display VB 5180 703 16 in in IN 5180 703 17 the the DT 5180 703 18 user user NN 5180 703 19 's 's POS 5180 703 20 browser browser NN 5180 703 21 a a DT 5180 703 22 URL url NN 5180 703 23 that that WDT 5180 703 24 is be VBZ 5180 703 25 different different JJ 5180 703 26 from from IN 5180 703 27 the the DT 5180 703 28 URL url NN 5180 703 29 with with IN 5180 703 30 which which WDT 5180 703 31 the the DT 5180 703 32 particular particular JJ 5180 703 33 page page NN 5180 703 34 is be VBZ 5180 703 35 usually usually RB 5180 703 36 associated associate VBN 5180 703 37 . . . 5180 704 1 Because because IN 5180 704 2 of of IN 5180 704 3 this this DT 5180 704 4 feature feature NN 5180 704 5 , , , 5180 704 6 they -PRON- PRP 5180 704 7 provide provide VBP 5180 704 8 a a DT 5180 704 9 " " `` 5180 704 10 loophole loophole NN 5180 704 11 " " '' 5180 704 12 that that WDT 5180 704 13 can can MD 5180 704 14 be be VB 5180 704 15 used use VBN 5180 704 16 to to TO 5180 704 17 get get VB 5180 704 18 around around RB 5180 704 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 704 20 software software NN 5180 704 21 , , , 5180 704 22 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 704 23 , , , 5180 704 24 they -PRON- PRP 5180 704 25 display display VBP 5180 704 26 a a DT 5180 704 27 URL url NN 5180 704 28 that that WDT 5180 704 29 is be VBZ 5180 704 30 different different JJ 5180 704 31 from from IN 5180 704 32 the the DT 5180 704 33 one one NN 5180 704 34 that that WDT 5180 704 35 appears appear VBZ 5180 704 36 on on IN 5180 704 37 the the DT 5180 704 38 filtering filter VBG 5180 704 39 company company NN 5180 704 40 's 's POS 5180 704 41 control control NN 5180 704 42 list list NN 5180 704 43 . . . 5180 705 1 " " `` 5180 705 2 Loophole Loophole NNP 5180 705 3 " " '' 5180 705 4 Web web NN 5180 705 5 sites site NNS 5180 705 6 include include VBP 5180 705 7 caches cache NNS 5180 705 8 of of IN 5180 705 9 Web web NN 5180 705 10 pages page NNS 5180 705 11 that that WDT 5180 705 12 have have VBP 5180 705 13 been be VBN 5180 705 14 removed remove VBN 5180 705 15 from from IN 5180 705 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 705 17 original original JJ 5180 705 18 location location NN 5180 705 19 , , , 5180 705 20 " " '' 5180 705 21 anonymizer anonymizer NN 5180 705 22 " " '' 5180 705 23 sites site NNS 5180 705 24 , , , 5180 705 25 and and CC 5180 705 26 translation translation NN 5180 705 27 sites site NNS 5180 705 28 . . . 5180 706 1 Caches cache NNS 5180 706 2 are be VBP 5180 706 3 archived archive VBN 5180 706 4 copies copy NNS 5180 706 5 that that IN 5180 706 6 some some DT 5180 706 7 search search NN 5180 706 8 engines engine NNS 5180 706 9 , , , 5180 706 10 such such JJ 5180 706 11 as as IN 5180 706 12 Google Google NNP 5180 706 13 , , , 5180 706 14 keep keep VBP 5180 706 15 of of IN 5180 706 16 the the DT 5180 706 17 Web web NN 5180 706 18 pages page NNS 5180 706 19 they -PRON- PRP 5180 706 20 index index VBP 5180 706 21 . . . 5180 707 1 The the DT 5180 707 2 cached cached JJ 5180 707 3 copy copy NN 5180 707 4 stored store VBN 5180 707 5 by by IN 5180 707 6 Google Google NNP 5180 707 7 will will MD 5180 707 8 have have VB 5180 707 9 a a DT 5180 707 10 URL url NN 5180 707 11 that that WDT 5180 707 12 is be VBZ 5180 707 13 different different JJ 5180 707 14 from from IN 5180 707 15 the the DT 5180 707 16 original original JJ 5180 707 17 URL url NN 5180 707 18 . . . 5180 708 1 Because because IN 5180 708 2 Web web NN 5180 708 3 sites site NNS 5180 708 4 often often RB 5180 708 5 change change VBP 5180 708 6 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 708 7 , , , 5180 708 8 caches cache NNS 5180 708 9 are be VBP 5180 708 10 the the DT 5180 708 11 only only JJ 5180 708 12 way way NN 5180 708 13 to to TO 5180 708 14 access access VB 5180 708 15 pages page NNS 5180 708 16 that that WDT 5180 708 17 have have VBP 5180 708 18 been be VBN 5180 708 19 taken take VBN 5180 708 20 down down RP 5180 708 21 , , , 5180 708 22 revised revise VBN 5180 708 23 , , , 5180 708 24 or or CC 5180 708 25 have have VBP 5180 708 26 changed change VBN 5180 708 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 708 28 URLs url NNS 5180 708 29 for for IN 5180 708 30 some some DT 5180 708 31 reason reason NN 5180 708 32 . . . 5180 709 1 For for IN 5180 709 2 example example NN 5180 709 3 , , , 5180 709 4 a a DT 5180 709 5 magazine magazine NN 5180 709 6 might may MD 5180 709 7 place place VB 5180 709 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 709 9 current current JJ 5180 709 10 stories story NNS 5180 709 11 under under IN 5180 709 12 a a DT 5180 709 13 given give VBN 5180 709 14 URL url NN 5180 709 15 , , , 5180 709 16 and and CC 5180 709 17 replace replace VB 5180 709 18 them -PRON- PRP 5180 709 19 monthly monthly RB 5180 709 20 with with IN 5180 709 21 new new JJ 5180 709 22 stories story NNS 5180 709 23 . . . 5180 710 1 If if IN 5180 710 2 a a DT 5180 710 3 user user NN 5180 710 4 wanted want VBD 5180 710 5 to to TO 5180 710 6 find find VB 5180 710 7 an an DT 5180 710 8 article article NN 5180 710 9 published publish VBN 5180 710 10 six six CD 5180 710 11 months month NNS 5180 710 12 ago ago RB 5180 710 13 , , , 5180 710 14 he -PRON- PRP 5180 710 15 or or CC 5180 710 16 she -PRON- PRP 5180 710 17 would would MD 5180 710 18 be be VB 5180 710 19 unable unable JJ 5180 710 20 to to TO 5180 710 21 access access VB 5180 710 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 710 23 if if IN 5180 710 24 not not RB 5180 710 25 for for IN 5180 710 26 Google Google NNP 5180 710 27 's 's POS 5180 710 28 cached cached JJ 5180 710 29 version version NN 5180 710 30 . . . 5180 711 1 Some some DT 5180 711 2 sites site NNS 5180 711 3 on on IN 5180 711 4 the the DT 5180 711 5 Web web NN 5180 711 6 serve serve NN 5180 711 7 as as IN 5180 711 8 a a DT 5180 711 9 proxy proxy NN 5180 711 10 or or CC 5180 711 11 intermediary intermediary NN 5180 711 12 between between IN 5180 711 13 a a DT 5180 711 14 user user NN 5180 711 15 and and CC 5180 711 16 another another DT 5180 711 17 Web web NN 5180 711 18 page page NN 5180 711 19 . . . 5180 712 1 When when WRB 5180 712 2 using use VBG 5180 712 3 a a DT 5180 712 4 proxy proxy JJ 5180 712 5 server server NN 5180 712 6 , , , 5180 712 7 a a DT 5180 712 8 user user NN 5180 712 9 does do VBZ 5180 712 10 not not RB 5180 712 11 access access VB 5180 712 12 the the DT 5180 712 13 page page NN 5180 712 14 from from IN 5180 712 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 712 16 original original JJ 5180 712 17 URL url NN 5180 712 18 , , , 5180 712 19 but but CC 5180 712 20 rather rather RB 5180 712 21 from from IN 5180 712 22 the the DT 5180 712 23 URL url NN 5180 712 24 of of IN 5180 712 25 the the DT 5180 712 26 proxy proxy JJ 5180 712 27 server server NN 5180 712 28 . . . 5180 713 1 One one CD 5180 713 2 type type NN 5180 713 3 of of IN 5180 713 4 proxy proxy NN 5180 713 5 service service NN 5180 713 6 is be VBZ 5180 713 7 an an DT 5180 713 8 " " `` 5180 713 9 anonymizer anonymizer NN 5180 713 10 . . . 5180 713 11 " " '' 5180 714 1 Users user NNS 5180 714 2 may may MD 5180 714 3 access access VB 5180 714 4 Web web NN 5180 714 5 sites site NNS 5180 714 6 indirectly indirectly RB 5180 714 7 via via IN 5180 714 8 an an DT 5180 714 9 anonymizer anonymizer NN 5180 714 10 when when WRB 5180 714 11 they -PRON- PRP 5180 714 12 do do VBP 5180 714 13 not not RB 5180 714 14 want want VB 5180 714 15 the the DT 5180 714 16 Web web NN 5180 714 17 site site NN 5180 714 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 714 19 are be VBP 5180 714 20 visiting visit VBG 5180 714 21 to to TO 5180 714 22 be be VB 5180 714 23 able able JJ 5180 714 24 to to TO 5180 714 25 determine determine VB 5180 714 26 the the DT 5180 714 27 IP IP NNP 5180 714 28 address address NN 5180 714 29 from from IN 5180 714 30 which which WDT 5180 714 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 714 32 are be VBP 5180 714 33 accessing access VBG 5180 714 34 the the DT 5180 714 35 site site NN 5180 714 36 , , , 5180 714 37 or or CC 5180 714 38 to to TO 5180 714 39 leave leave VB 5180 714 40 " " `` 5180 714 41 cookies cookie NNS 5180 714 42 " " '' 5180 714 43 on on IN 5180 714 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 714 45 browser browser NN 5180 714 46 . . . 5180 715 1 Some some DT 5180 715 2 proxy proxy NN 5180 715 3 servers server NNS 5180 715 4 can can MD 5180 715 5 be be VB 5180 715 6 used use VBN 5180 715 7 to to TO 5180 715 8 attempt attempt VB 5180 715 9 to to TO 5180 715 10 translate translate VB 5180 715 11 Web web NN 5180 715 12 page page NN 5180 715 13 content content NN 5180 715 14 from from IN 5180 715 15 one one CD 5180 715 16 language language NN 5180 715 17 to to IN 5180 715 18 another another DT 5180 715 19 . . . 5180 716 1 Rather rather RB 5180 716 2 than than IN 5180 716 3 directly directly RB 5180 716 4 accessing access VBG 5180 716 5 the the DT 5180 716 6 original original JJ 5180 716 7 Web web NN 5180 716 8 page page NN 5180 716 9 in in IN 5180 716 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 716 11 original original JJ 5180 716 12 language language NN 5180 716 13 , , , 5180 716 14 users user NNS 5180 716 15 can can MD 5180 716 16 instead instead RB 5180 716 17 indirectly indirectly RB 5180 716 18 access access VB 5180 716 19 the the DT 5180 716 20 page page NN 5180 716 21 via via IN 5180 716 22 a a DT 5180 716 23 proxy proxy JJ 5180 716 24 server server NN 5180 716 25 offering offer VBG 5180 716 26 translation translation NN 5180 716 27 features feature NNS 5180 716 28 . . . 5180 717 1 As as IN 5180 717 2 noted note VBN 5180 717 3 above above RB 5180 717 4 , , , 5180 717 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 717 6 companies company NNS 5180 717 7 often often RB 5180 717 8 block block VBP 5180 717 9 loophole loophole NN 5180 717 10 sites site NNS 5180 717 11 , , , 5180 717 12 such such JJ 5180 717 13 as as IN 5180 717 14 caches cache NNS 5180 717 15 , , , 5180 717 16 anonymizers anonymizer NNS 5180 717 17 , , , 5180 717 18 and and CC 5180 717 19 translation translation NN 5180 717 20 sites site NNS 5180 717 21 . . . 5180 718 1 The the DT 5180 718 2 practice practice NN 5180 718 3 of of IN 5180 718 4 blocking block VBG 5180 718 5 loophole loophole NN 5180 718 6 sites site NNS 5180 718 7 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 718 8 results result VBZ 5180 718 9 in in IN 5180 718 10 a a DT 5180 718 11 significant significant JJ 5180 718 12 amount amount NN 5180 718 13 of of IN 5180 718 14 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 718 15 , , , 5180 718 16 because because IN 5180 718 17 the the DT 5180 718 18 vast vast JJ 5180 718 19 majority majority NN 5180 718 20 of of IN 5180 718 21 the the DT 5180 718 22 pages page NNS 5180 718 23 that that WDT 5180 718 24 are be VBP 5180 718 25 cached cache VBN 5180 718 26 , , , 5180 718 27 for for IN 5180 718 28 example example NN 5180 718 29 , , , 5180 718 30 do do VB 5180 718 31 not not RB 5180 718 32 contain contain VB 5180 718 33 content content NN 5180 718 34 that that WDT 5180 718 35 would would MD 5180 718 36 match match VB 5180 718 37 a a DT 5180 718 38 filtering filter VBG 5180 718 39 company company NN 5180 718 40 's 's POS 5180 718 41 category category NN 5180 718 42 definitions definition NNS 5180 718 43 . . . 5180 719 1 Filters filter NNS 5180 719 2 that that WDT 5180 719 3 do do VBP 5180 719 4 not not RB 5180 719 5 block block VB 5180 719 6 these these DT 5180 719 7 loophole loophole NN 5180 719 8 sites site NNS 5180 719 9 , , , 5180 719 10 however however RB 5180 719 11 , , , 5180 719 12 may may MD 5180 719 13 enable enable VB 5180 719 14 users user NNS 5180 719 15 to to TO 5180 719 16 access access VB 5180 719 17 any any DT 5180 719 18 URL url NN 5180 719 19 on on IN 5180 719 20 the the DT 5180 719 21 Web web NN 5180 719 22 via via IN 5180 719 23 the the DT 5180 719 24 loophole loophole NN 5180 719 25 site site NN 5180 719 26 , , , 5180 719 27 thus thus RB 5180 719 28 resulting result VBG 5180 719 29 in in IN 5180 719 30 substantial substantial JJ 5180 719 31 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 719 32 . . . 5180 720 1 3 3 LS 5180 720 2 . . . 5180 721 1 The the DT 5180 721 2 Process Process NNP 5180 721 3 for for IN 5180 721 4 " " `` 5180 721 5 Re Re NNP 5180 721 6 - - NN 5180 721 7 Reviewing reviewing NN 5180 721 8 " " '' 5180 721 9 Web web NN 5180 721 10 Pages page NNS 5180 721 11 After after IN 5180 721 12 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 721 13 Initial initial JJ 5180 721 14 Categorization categorization NN 5180 721 15 Most most RBS 5180 721 16 filtering filter VBG 5180 721 17 software software NN 5180 721 18 companies company NNS 5180 721 19 do do VBP 5180 721 20 not not RB 5180 721 21 engage engage VB 5180 721 22 in in IN 5180 721 23 subsequent subsequent JJ 5180 721 24 reviews review NNS 5180 721 25 of of IN 5180 721 26 categorized categorized JJ 5180 721 27 sites site NNS 5180 721 28 or or CC 5180 721 29 pages page NNS 5180 721 30 on on IN 5180 721 31 a a DT 5180 721 32 scheduled scheduled JJ 5180 721 33 basis basis NN 5180 721 34 . . . 5180 722 1 Priority priority NN 5180 722 2 is be VBZ 5180 722 3 placed place VBN 5180 722 4 on on IN 5180 722 5 reviewing review VBG 5180 722 6 and and CC 5180 722 7 categorizing categorize VBG 5180 722 8 new new JJ 5180 722 9 sites site NNS 5180 722 10 and and CC 5180 722 11 pages page NNS 5180 722 12 , , , 5180 722 13 rather rather RB 5180 722 14 than than IN 5180 722 15 on on IN 5180 722 16 re re NN 5180 722 17 - - NN 5180 722 18 reviewing review VBG 5180 722 19 already already RB 5180 722 20 categorized categorize VBN 5180 722 21 sites site NNS 5180 722 22 and and CC 5180 722 23 pages page NNS 5180 722 24 . . . 5180 723 1 Typically typically RB 5180 723 2 , , , 5180 723 3 a a DT 5180 723 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 723 5 software software NN 5180 723 6 vendor vendor NN 5180 723 7 's 's POS 5180 723 8 previous previous JJ 5180 723 9 categorization categorization NN 5180 723 10 of of IN 5180 723 11 a a DT 5180 723 12 Web web NN 5180 723 13 site site NN 5180 723 14 is be VBZ 5180 723 15 not not RB 5180 723 16 re re VBG 5180 723 17 - - VBN 5180 723 18 reviewed review VBN 5180 723 19 for for IN 5180 723 20 accuracy accuracy NN 5180 723 21 when when WRB 5180 723 22 new new JJ 5180 723 23 pages page NNS 5180 723 24 are be VBP 5180 723 25 added add VBN 5180 723 26 to to IN 5180 723 27 the the DT 5180 723 28 Web web NN 5180 723 29 site site NN 5180 723 30 . . . 5180 724 1 To to IN 5180 724 2 the the DT 5180 724 3 extent extent NN 5180 724 4 the the DT 5180 724 5 Web web NN 5180 724 6 site site NN 5180 724 7 was be VBD 5180 724 8 previously previously RB 5180 724 9 categorized categorize VBN 5180 724 10 as as IN 5180 724 11 a a DT 5180 724 12 whole whole NN 5180 724 13 , , , 5180 724 14 the the DT 5180 724 15 new new JJ 5180 724 16 pages page NNS 5180 724 17 added add VBN 5180 724 18 to to IN 5180 724 19 the the DT 5180 724 20 site site NN 5180 724 21 usually usually RB 5180 724 22 share share VBP 5180 724 23 the the DT 5180 724 24 categorization categorization NN 5180 724 25 assigned assign VBN 5180 724 26 by by IN 5180 724 27 the the DT 5180 724 28 blocking block VBG 5180 724 29 product product NN 5180 724 30 vendor vendor NN 5180 724 31 . . . 5180 725 1 This this DT 5180 725 2 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 725 3 results result VBZ 5180 725 4 in in IN 5180 725 5 both both DT 5180 725 6 over- over- NN 5180 725 7 and and CC 5180 725 8 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 725 9 , , , 5180 725 10 because because IN 5180 725 11 , , , 5180 725 12 as as IN 5180 725 13 noted note VBN 5180 725 14 above above IN 5180 725 15 , , , 5180 725 16 the the DT 5180 725 17 content content NN 5180 725 18 of of IN 5180 725 19 Web web NN 5180 725 20 pages page NNS 5180 725 21 and and CC 5180 725 22 Web web NN 5180 725 23 sites site NNS 5180 725 24 changes change NNS 5180 725 25 relatively relatively RB 5180 725 26 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 725 27 . . . 5180 726 1 In in IN 5180 726 2 addition addition NN 5180 726 3 to to IN 5180 726 4 the the DT 5180 726 5 content content NN 5180 726 6 on on IN 5180 726 7 Web web NN 5180 726 8 sites site NNS 5180 726 9 or or CC 5180 726 10 pages page NNS 5180 726 11 changing change VBG 5180 726 12 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 726 13 , , , 5180 726 14 Web web NN 5180 726 15 sites site NNS 5180 726 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 726 17 may may MD 5180 726 18 disappear disappear VB 5180 726 19 and and CC 5180 726 20 be be VB 5180 726 21 replaced replace VBN 5180 726 22 by by IN 5180 726 23 sites site NNS 5180 726 24 with with IN 5180 726 25 entirely entirely RB 5180 726 26 different different JJ 5180 726 27 content content NN 5180 726 28 . . . 5180 727 1 If if IN 5180 727 2 an an DT 5180 727 3 IP IP NNP 5180 727 4 address address NN 5180 727 5 associated associate VBN 5180 727 6 with with IN 5180 727 7 a a DT 5180 727 8 particular particular JJ 5180 727 9 Web web NN 5180 727 10 site site NN 5180 727 11 is be VBZ 5180 727 12 blocked block VBN 5180 727 13 under under IN 5180 727 14 a a DT 5180 727 15 particular particular JJ 5180 727 16 category category NN 5180 727 17 and and CC 5180 727 18 the the DT 5180 727 19 Web web NN 5180 727 20 site site NN 5180 727 21 goes go VBZ 5180 727 22 out out IN 5180 727 23 of of IN 5180 727 24 existence existence NN 5180 727 25 , , , 5180 727 26 then then RB 5180 727 27 the the DT 5180 727 28 IP IP NNP 5180 727 29 address address NN 5180 727 30 likely likely RB 5180 727 31 would would MD 5180 727 32 be be VB 5180 727 33 reassigned reassign VBN 5180 727 34 to to IN 5180 727 35 a a DT 5180 727 36 different different JJ 5180 727 37 Web web NN 5180 727 38 site site NN 5180 727 39 , , , 5180 727 40 either either CC 5180 727 41 by by IN 5180 727 42 an an DT 5180 727 43 Internet internet NN 5180 727 44 service service NN 5180 727 45 provider provider NN 5180 727 46 or or CC 5180 727 47 by by IN 5180 727 48 a a DT 5180 727 49 registration registration NN 5180 727 50 organization organization NN 5180 727 51 , , , 5180 727 52 such such JJ 5180 727 53 as as IN 5180 727 54 the the DT 5180 727 55 American American NNP 5180 727 56 Registry Registry NNP 5180 727 57 for for IN 5180 727 58 Internet Internet NNP 5180 727 59 Numbers number NNS 5180 727 60 , , , 5180 727 61 see see VB 5180 727 62 http://www.arin.net http://www.arin.net ADD 5180 727 63 . . . 5180 728 1 In in IN 5180 728 2 that that DT 5180 728 3 case case NN 5180 728 4 , , , 5180 728 5 the the DT 5180 728 6 site site NN 5180 728 7 that that WDT 5180 728 8 received receive VBD 5180 728 9 the the DT 5180 728 10 reassigned reassign VBN 5180 728 11 IP IP NNP 5180 728 12 address address NN 5180 728 13 would would MD 5180 728 14 likely likely RB 5180 728 15 be be VB 5180 728 16 miscategorized miscategorize VBN 5180 728 17 . . . 5180 729 1 Because because IN 5180 729 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 729 3 companies company NNS 5180 729 4 do do VBP 5180 729 5 not not RB 5180 729 6 engage engage VB 5180 729 7 in in IN 5180 729 8 systematic systematic JJ 5180 729 9 re re NN 5180 729 10 - - NN 5180 729 11 review review NN 5180 729 12 of of IN 5180 729 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 729 14 category category NN 5180 729 15 lists list NNS 5180 729 16 , , , 5180 729 17 such such PDT 5180 729 18 a a DT 5180 729 19 site site NN 5180 729 20 would would MD 5180 729 21 likely likely RB 5180 729 22 remain remain VB 5180 729 23 miscategorized miscategorized JJ 5180 729 24 unless unless IN 5180 729 25 someone someone NN 5180 729 26 submitted submit VBD 5180 729 27 it -PRON- PRP 5180 729 28 to to IN 5180 729 29 the the DT 5180 729 30 filtering filter VBG 5180 729 31 company company NN 5180 729 32 for for IN 5180 729 33 re re NN 5180 729 34 - - NN 5180 729 35 review review NN 5180 729 36 , , , 5180 729 37 increasing increase VBG 5180 729 38 the the DT 5180 729 39 incidence incidence NN 5180 729 40 of of IN 5180 729 41 over- over- NN 5180 729 42 and and CC 5180 729 43 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 729 44 . . . 5180 730 1 This this DT 5180 730 2 failure failure NN 5180 730 3 to to IN 5180 730 4 re re NN 5180 730 5 - - VB 5180 730 6 review review VB 5180 730 7 Web web NN 5180 730 8 pages page NNS 5180 730 9 primarily primarily RB 5180 730 10 increases increase VBZ 5180 730 11 a a DT 5180 730 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 730 13 company company NN 5180 730 14 's 's POS 5180 730 15 rate rate NN 5180 730 16 of of IN 5180 730 17 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 730 18 . . . 5180 731 1 However however RB 5180 731 2 , , , 5180 731 3 if if IN 5180 731 4 a a DT 5180 731 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 731 6 company company NN 5180 731 7 does do VBZ 5180 731 8 not not RB 5180 731 9 re re VB 5180 731 10 - - VB 5180 731 11 review review VB 5180 731 12 Web web NN 5180 731 13 pages page NNS 5180 731 14 after after IN 5180 731 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 731 16 determines determine VBZ 5180 731 17 that that IN 5180 731 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 731 19 do do VBP 5180 731 20 not not RB 5180 731 21 fall fall VB 5180 731 22 into into IN 5180 731 23 any any DT 5180 731 24 of of IN 5180 731 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 731 26 blocking blocking NN 5180 731 27 categories category NNS 5180 731 28 , , , 5180 731 29 then then RB 5180 731 30 that that DT 5180 731 31 would would MD 5180 731 32 result result VB 5180 731 33 in in IN 5180 731 34 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 731 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 731 36 because because IN 5180 731 37 , , , 5180 731 38 for for IN 5180 731 39 example example NN 5180 731 40 , , , 5180 731 41 a a DT 5180 731 42 page page NN 5180 731 43 might may MD 5180 731 44 add add VB 5180 731 45 sexually sexually RB 5180 731 46 explicit explicit JJ 5180 731 47 content content NN 5180 731 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 731 49 . . . 5180 732 1 3 3 LS 5180 732 2 . . . 5180 733 1 The the DT 5180 733 2 Inherent inherent JJ 5180 733 3 Tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 733 4 Between between IN 5180 733 5 Overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 733 6 and and CC 5180 733 7 Underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 733 8 There there EX 5180 733 9 is be VBZ 5180 733 10 an an DT 5180 733 11 inherent inherent JJ 5180 733 12 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 733 13 between between IN 5180 733 14 any any DT 5180 733 15 filter filter NN 5180 733 16 's 's POS 5180 733 17 rate rate NN 5180 733 18 of of IN 5180 733 19 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 733 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 733 21 which which WDT 5180 733 22 information information NN 5180 733 23 scientists scientist NNS 5180 733 24 also also RB 5180 733 25 call call VBP 5180 733 26 " " `` 5180 733 27 precision precision NN 5180 733 28 " " '' 5180 733 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 733 30 and and CC 5180 733 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 733 32 rate rate NN 5180 733 33 of of IN 5180 733 34 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 733 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 733 36 which which WDT 5180 733 37 is be VBZ 5180 733 38 also also RB 5180 733 39 referred refer VBN 5180 733 40 to to IN 5180 733 41 as as IN 5180 733 42 " " `` 5180 733 43 recall recall NN 5180 733 44 " " '' 5180 733 45 ) ) -RRB- 5180 733 46 . . . 5180 734 1 The the DT 5180 734 2 rate rate NN 5180 734 3 of of IN 5180 734 4 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 734 5 or or CC 5180 734 6 precision precision NN 5180 734 7 is be VBZ 5180 734 8 measured measure VBN 5180 734 9 by by IN 5180 734 10 the the DT 5180 734 11 proportion proportion NN 5180 734 12 of of IN 5180 734 13 the the DT 5180 734 14 things thing NNS 5180 734 15 a a DT 5180 734 16 classification classification NN 5180 734 17 system system NN 5180 734 18 assigns assign VBZ 5180 734 19 to to IN 5180 734 20 a a DT 5180 734 21 certain certain JJ 5180 734 22 category category NN 5180 734 23 that that WDT 5180 734 24 are be VBP 5180 734 25 appropriately appropriately RB 5180 734 26 classified classified JJ 5180 734 27 . . . 5180 735 1 The the DT 5180 735 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 735 3 ' ' POS 5180 735 4 expert expert NN 5180 735 5 , , , 5180 735 6 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 735 7 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 735 8 , , , 5180 735 9 provided provide VBD 5180 735 10 the the DT 5180 735 11 hypothetical hypothetical JJ 5180 735 12 example example NN 5180 735 13 of of IN 5180 735 14 a a DT 5180 735 15 classification classification NN 5180 735 16 system system NN 5180 735 17 that that WDT 5180 735 18 is be VBZ 5180 735 19 asked ask VBN 5180 735 20 to to TO 5180 735 21 pick pick VB 5180 735 22 out out RP 5180 735 23 pictures picture NNS 5180 735 24 of of IN 5180 735 25 dogs dog NNS 5180 735 26 from from IN 5180 735 27 a a DT 5180 735 28 database database NN 5180 735 29 consisting consisting NN 5180 735 30 of of IN 5180 735 31 1000 1000 CD 5180 735 32 pictures picture NNS 5180 735 33 of of IN 5180 735 34 animals animal NNS 5180 735 35 , , , 5180 735 36 of of IN 5180 735 37 which which WDT 5180 735 38 80 80 CD 5180 735 39 were be VBD 5180 735 40 actually actually RB 5180 735 41 dogs dog NNS 5180 735 42 . . . 5180 736 1 If if IN 5180 736 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 736 3 returned return VBD 5180 736 4 100 100 CD 5180 736 5 hits hit NNS 5180 736 6 , , , 5180 736 7 of of IN 5180 736 8 which which WDT 5180 736 9 80 80 CD 5180 736 10 were be VBD 5180 736 11 in in IN 5180 736 12 fact fact NN 5180 736 13 pictures picture NNS 5180 736 14 of of IN 5180 736 15 dogs dog NNS 5180 736 16 , , , 5180 736 17 and and CC 5180 736 18 the the DT 5180 736 19 remaining remaining JJ 5180 736 20 20 20 CD 5180 736 21 were be VBD 5180 736 22 pictures picture NNS 5180 736 23 of of IN 5180 736 24 cats cat NNS 5180 736 25 , , , 5180 736 26 horses horse NNS 5180 736 27 , , , 5180 736 28 and and CC 5180 736 29 deer deer NN 5180 736 30 , , , 5180 736 31 we -PRON- PRP 5180 736 32 would would MD 5180 736 33 say say VB 5180 736 34 that that IN 5180 736 35 the the DT 5180 736 36 system system NN 5180 736 37 identified identify VBD 5180 736 38 dog dog NN 5180 736 39 pictures picture NNS 5180 736 40 with with IN 5180 736 41 a a DT 5180 736 42 precision precision NN 5180 736 43 of of IN 5180 736 44 80 80 CD 5180 736 45 % % NN 5180 736 46 . . . 5180 737 1 This this DT 5180 737 2 would would MD 5180 737 3 be be VB 5180 737 4 analogous analogous JJ 5180 737 5 to to IN 5180 737 6 a a DT 5180 737 7 filter filter NN 5180 737 8 that that WDT 5180 737 9 overblocked overblocke VBD 5180 737 10 at at IN 5180 737 11 a a DT 5180 737 12 rate rate NN 5180 737 13 of of IN 5180 737 14 20 20 CD 5180 737 15 % % NN 5180 737 16 . . . 5180 738 1 The the DT 5180 738 2 recall recall NN 5180 738 3 measure measure NN 5180 738 4 involves involve VBZ 5180 738 5 determining determine VBG 5180 738 6 what what WDT 5180 738 7 proportion proportion NN 5180 738 8 of of IN 5180 738 9 the the DT 5180 738 10 actual actual JJ 5180 738 11 members member NNS 5180 738 12 of of IN 5180 738 13 a a DT 5180 738 14 category category NN 5180 738 15 the the DT 5180 738 16 classification classification NN 5180 738 17 system system NN 5180 738 18 has have VBZ 5180 738 19 been be VBN 5180 738 20 able able JJ 5180 738 21 to to TO 5180 738 22 identify identify VB 5180 738 23 . . . 5180 739 1 For for IN 5180 739 2 example example NN 5180 739 3 , , , 5180 739 4 if if IN 5180 739 5 the the DT 5180 739 6 hypothetical hypothetical JJ 5180 739 7 animal- animal- NN 5180 739 8 picture picture NNP 5180 739 9 database database NN 5180 739 10 contained contain VBD 5180 739 11 a a DT 5180 739 12 total total NN 5180 739 13 of of IN 5180 739 14 200 200 CD 5180 739 15 pictures picture NNS 5180 739 16 of of IN 5180 739 17 dogs dog NNS 5180 739 18 , , , 5180 739 19 and and CC 5180 739 20 the the DT 5180 739 21 system system NN 5180 739 22 identified identify VBD 5180 739 23 80 80 CD 5180 739 24 of of IN 5180 739 25 them -PRON- PRP 5180 739 26 and and CC 5180 739 27 failed fail VBD 5180 739 28 to to TO 5180 739 29 identify identify VB 5180 739 30 120 120 CD 5180 739 31 , , , 5180 739 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 739 33 would would MD 5180 739 34 have have VB 5180 739 35 performed perform VBN 5180 739 36 with with IN 5180 739 37 a a DT 5180 739 38 recall recall NN 5180 739 39 of of IN 5180 739 40 40 40 CD 5180 739 41 % % NN 5180 739 42 . . . 5180 740 1 This this DT 5180 740 2 would would MD 5180 740 3 be be VB 5180 740 4 analogous analogous JJ 5180 740 5 to to IN 5180 740 6 a a DT 5180 740 7 filter filter NN 5180 740 8 that that WDT 5180 740 9 underblocked underblocke VBD 5180 740 10 60 60 CD 5180 740 11 % % NN 5180 740 12 of of IN 5180 740 13 the the DT 5180 740 14 material material NN 5180 740 15 in in IN 5180 740 16 a a DT 5180 740 17 category category NN 5180 740 18 . . . 5180 741 1 In in IN 5180 741 2 automated automated JJ 5180 741 3 classification classification NN 5180 741 4 systems system NNS 5180 741 5 , , , 5180 741 6 there there EX 5180 741 7 is be VBZ 5180 741 8 always always RB 5180 741 9 a a DT 5180 741 10 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 741 11 between between IN 5180 741 12 precision precision NN 5180 741 13 and and CC 5180 741 14 recall recall NN 5180 741 15 . . . 5180 742 1 In in IN 5180 742 2 the the DT 5180 742 3 animal animal NN 5180 742 4 - - HYPH 5180 742 5 picture picture NN 5180 742 6 example example NN 5180 742 7 , , , 5180 742 8 the the DT 5180 742 9 recall recall NN 5180 742 10 could could MD 5180 742 11 be be VB 5180 742 12 improved improve VBN 5180 742 13 by by IN 5180 742 14 using use VBG 5180 742 15 a a DT 5180 742 16 looser loose JJR 5180 742 17 set set NN 5180 742 18 of of IN 5180 742 19 criteria criterion NNS 5180 742 20 to to TO 5180 742 21 identify identify VB 5180 742 22 the the DT 5180 742 23 dog dog NN 5180 742 24 pictures picture NNS 5180 742 25 in in IN 5180 742 26 the the DT 5180 742 27 set set NN 5180 742 28 , , , 5180 742 29 such such JJ 5180 742 30 as as IN 5180 742 31 any any DT 5180 742 32 animal animal NN 5180 742 33 with with IN 5180 742 34 four four CD 5180 742 35 legs leg NNS 5180 742 36 , , , 5180 742 37 and and CC 5180 742 38 all all PDT 5180 742 39 the the DT 5180 742 40 dogs dog NNS 5180 742 41 would would MD 5180 742 42 be be VB 5180 742 43 identified identify VBN 5180 742 44 , , , 5180 742 45 but but CC 5180 742 46 cats cat NNS 5180 742 47 and and CC 5180 742 48 other other JJ 5180 742 49 animals animal NNS 5180 742 50 would would MD 5180 742 51 also also RB 5180 742 52 be be VB 5180 742 53 included include VBN 5180 742 54 , , , 5180 742 55 with with IN 5180 742 56 a a DT 5180 742 57 resulting result VBG 5180 742 58 loss loss NN 5180 742 59 of of IN 5180 742 60 precision precision NN 5180 742 61 . . . 5180 743 1 The the DT 5180 743 2 same same JJ 5180 743 3 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 743 4 exists exist VBZ 5180 743 5 between between IN 5180 743 6 rates rate NNS 5180 743 7 of of IN 5180 743 8 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 743 9 and and CC 5180 743 10 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 743 11 in in IN 5180 743 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 743 13 systems system NNS 5180 743 14 that that WDT 5180 743 15 use use VBP 5180 743 16 automated automate VBD 5180 743 17 classification classification NN 5180 743 18 systems system NNS 5180 743 19 . . . 5180 744 1 For for IN 5180 744 2 example example NN 5180 744 3 , , , 5180 744 4 an an DT 5180 744 5 automated automated JJ 5180 744 6 system system NN 5180 744 7 that that WDT 5180 744 8 classifies classify VBZ 5180 744 9 any any DT 5180 744 10 Web web NN 5180 744 11 page page NN 5180 744 12 that that WDT 5180 744 13 contains contain VBZ 5180 744 14 the the DT 5180 744 15 word word NN 5180 744 16 " " `` 5180 744 17 sex sex NN 5180 744 18 " " '' 5180 744 19 as as IN 5180 744 20 sexually sexually RB 5180 744 21 explicit explicit JJ 5180 744 22 will will MD 5180 744 23 underblock underblock VB 5180 744 24 much much RB 5180 744 25 less less RBR 5180 744 26 , , , 5180 744 27 but but CC 5180 744 28 overblock overblock NN 5180 744 29 much much RB 5180 744 30 more more RBR 5180 744 31 , , , 5180 744 32 than than IN 5180 744 33 a a DT 5180 744 34 system system NN 5180 744 35 that that WDT 5180 744 36 classifies classify VBZ 5180 744 37 any any DT 5180 744 38 Web web NN 5180 744 39 page page NN 5180 744 40 containing contain VBG 5180 744 41 the the DT 5180 744 42 phrase phrase NN 5180 744 43 " " `` 5180 744 44 free free JJ 5180 744 45 pictures picture NNS 5180 744 46 of of IN 5180 744 47 people people NNS 5180 744 48 having have VBG 5180 744 49 sex sex NN 5180 744 50 " " '' 5180 744 51 as as IN 5180 744 52 sexually sexually RB 5180 744 53 explicit explicit JJ 5180 744 54 . . . 5180 745 1 This this DT 5180 745 2 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 745 3 between between IN 5180 745 4 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 745 5 and and CC 5180 745 6 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 745 7 also also RB 5180 745 8 applies apply VBZ 5180 745 9 not not RB 5180 745 10 just just RB 5180 745 11 to to IN 5180 745 12 automated automate VBN 5180 745 13 classification classification NN 5180 745 14 systems system NNS 5180 745 15 , , , 5180 745 16 but but CC 5180 745 17 also also RB 5180 745 18 to to IN 5180 745 19 filters filter NNS 5180 745 20 that that WDT 5180 745 21 use use VBP 5180 745 22 only only JJ 5180 745 23 human human JJ 5180 745 24 review review NN 5180 745 25 . . . 5180 746 1 Given give VBN 5180 746 2 the the DT 5180 746 3 approximately approximately RB 5180 746 4 two two CD 5180 746 5 billion billion CD 5180 746 6 pages page NNS 5180 746 7 that that WDT 5180 746 8 exist exist VBP 5180 746 9 on on IN 5180 746 10 the the DT 5180 746 11 Web web NN 5180 746 12 , , , 5180 746 13 the the DT 5180 746 14 1.5 1.5 CD 5180 746 15 million million CD 5180 746 16 new new JJ 5180 746 17 pages page NNS 5180 746 18 that that WDT 5180 746 19 are be VBP 5180 746 20 added add VBN 5180 746 21 daily daily RB 5180 746 22 , , , 5180 746 23 and and CC 5180 746 24 the the DT 5180 746 25 rate rate NN 5180 746 26 at at IN 5180 746 27 which which WDT 5180 746 28 content content NN 5180 746 29 on on IN 5180 746 30 existing exist VBG 5180 746 31 pages page NNS 5180 746 32 changes change NNS 5180 746 33 , , , 5180 746 34 if if IN 5180 746 35 a a DT 5180 746 36 filtering filter VBG 5180 746 37 company company NN 5180 746 38 blocks block VBZ 5180 746 39 only only RB 5180 746 40 those those DT 5180 746 41 Web web NN 5180 746 42 pages page NNS 5180 746 43 that that WDT 5180 746 44 have have VBP 5180 746 45 been be VBN 5180 746 46 reviewed review VBN 5180 746 47 by by IN 5180 746 48 humans human NNS 5180 746 49 , , , 5180 746 50 it -PRON- PRP 5180 746 51 will will MD 5180 746 52 be be VB 5180 746 53 impossible impossible JJ 5180 746 54 , , , 5180 746 55 as as IN 5180 746 56 a a DT 5180 746 57 practical practical JJ 5180 746 58 matter matter NN 5180 746 59 , , , 5180 746 60 to to TO 5180 746 61 avoid avoid VB 5180 746 62 vast vast JJ 5180 746 63 amounts amount NNS 5180 746 64 of of IN 5180 746 65 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 746 66 . . . 5180 747 1 Techniques technique NNS 5180 747 2 used use VBN 5180 747 3 by by IN 5180 747 4 human human JJ 5180 747 5 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 747 6 such such JJ 5180 747 7 as as IN 5180 747 8 blocking block VBG 5180 747 9 at at IN 5180 747 10 the the DT 5180 747 11 IP IP NNP 5180 747 12 address address NN 5180 747 13 level level NN 5180 747 14 , , , 5180 747 15 domain domain NN 5180 747 16 name name NN 5180 747 17 level level NN 5180 747 18 , , , 5180 747 19 or or CC 5180 747 20 directory directory NN 5180 747 21 level level NN 5180 747 22 reduce reduce VBP 5180 747 23 the the DT 5180 747 24 rates rate NNS 5180 747 25 of of IN 5180 747 26 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 747 27 , , , 5180 747 28 but but CC 5180 747 29 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 747 30 increase increase VB 5180 747 31 the the DT 5180 747 32 rates rate NNS 5180 747 33 of of IN 5180 747 34 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 747 35 , , , 5180 747 36 as as IN 5180 747 37 discussed discuss VBN 5180 747 38 above above RB 5180 747 39 . . . 5180 748 1 To to TO 5180 748 2 use use VB 5180 748 3 a a DT 5180 748 4 simple simple JJ 5180 748 5 example example NN 5180 748 6 , , , 5180 748 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 748 8 would would MD 5180 748 9 be be VB 5180 748 10 easy easy JJ 5180 748 11 to to TO 5180 748 12 design design VB 5180 748 13 a a DT 5180 748 14 filter filter NN 5180 748 15 intended intend VBN 5180 748 16 to to TO 5180 748 17 block block VB 5180 748 18 sexually sexually RB 5180 748 19 explicit explicit JJ 5180 748 20 speech speech NN 5180 748 21 that that WDT 5180 748 22 completely completely RB 5180 748 23 avoids avoid VBZ 5180 748 24 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 748 25 . . . 5180 749 1 Such such PDT 5180 749 2 a a DT 5180 749 3 filter filter NN 5180 749 4 would would MD 5180 749 5 have have VB 5180 749 6 only only RB 5180 749 7 a a DT 5180 749 8 single single JJ 5180 749 9 sexually sexually RB 5180 749 10 explicit explicit JJ 5180 749 11 Web web NN 5180 749 12 site site NN 5180 749 13 on on IN 5180 749 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 749 15 control control NN 5180 749 16 list list NN 5180 749 17 , , , 5180 749 18 which which WDT 5180 749 19 could could MD 5180 749 20 be be VB 5180 749 21 re re VBN 5180 749 22 - - VBN 5180 749 23 reviewed review VBN 5180 749 24 daily daily RB 5180 749 25 to to TO 5180 749 26 ensure ensure VB 5180 749 27 that that IN 5180 749 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 749 29 content content NN 5180 749 30 does do VBZ 5180 749 31 not not RB 5180 749 32 change change VB 5180 749 33 . . . 5180 750 1 While while IN 5180 750 2 there there EX 5180 750 3 would would MD 5180 750 4 be be VB 5180 750 5 no no DT 5180 750 6 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 750 7 problem problem NN 5180 750 8 with with IN 5180 750 9 such such PDT 5180 750 10 a a DT 5180 750 11 filter filter NN 5180 750 12 , , , 5180 750 13 such such PDT 5180 750 14 a a DT 5180 750 15 filter filter NN 5180 750 16 would would MD 5180 750 17 have have VB 5180 750 18 a a DT 5180 750 19 severe severe JJ 5180 750 20 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 750 21 problem problem NN 5180 750 22 , , , 5180 750 23 as as IN 5180 750 24 it -PRON- PRP 5180 750 25 would would MD 5180 750 26 fail fail VB 5180 750 27 to to TO 5180 750 28 block block VB 5180 750 29 all all PDT 5180 750 30 the the DT 5180 750 31 sexually sexually RB 5180 750 32 explicit explicit JJ 5180 750 33 speech speech NN 5180 750 34 on on IN 5180 750 35 the the DT 5180 750 36 Web web NN 5180 750 37 other other JJ 5180 750 38 than than IN 5180 750 39 the the DT 5180 750 40 one one CD 5180 750 41 site site NN 5180 750 42 on on IN 5180 750 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 750 44 control control NN 5180 750 45 list list NN 5180 750 46 . . . 5180 751 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 751 2 , , , 5180 751 3 it -PRON- PRP 5180 751 4 would would MD 5180 751 5 also also RB 5180 751 6 be be VB 5180 751 7 easy easy JJ 5180 751 8 to to TO 5180 751 9 design design VB 5180 751 10 a a DT 5180 751 11 filter filter NN 5180 751 12 intended intend VBN 5180 751 13 to to TO 5180 751 14 block block VB 5180 751 15 sexually sexually RB 5180 751 16 explicit explicit JJ 5180 751 17 speech speech NN 5180 751 18 that that WDT 5180 751 19 completely completely RB 5180 751 20 avoids avoid VBZ 5180 751 21 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 751 22 . . . 5180 752 1 Such such PDT 5180 752 2 a a DT 5180 752 3 filter filter NN 5180 752 4 would would MD 5180 752 5 operate operate VB 5180 752 6 by by IN 5180 752 7 permitting permit VBG 5180 752 8 users user NNS 5180 752 9 to to TO 5180 752 10 view view VB 5180 752 11 only only RB 5180 752 12 a a DT 5180 752 13 single single JJ 5180 752 14 Web web NN 5180 752 15 site site NN 5180 752 16 , , , 5180 752 17 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 752 18 , , , 5180 752 19 the the DT 5180 752 20 Sesame Sesame NNP 5180 752 21 Street Street NNP 5180 752 22 Web web NN 5180 752 23 site site NN 5180 752 24 . . . 5180 753 1 While while IN 5180 753 2 there there EX 5180 753 3 would would MD 5180 753 4 be be VB 5180 753 5 no no DT 5180 753 6 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 753 7 problem problem NN 5180 753 8 with with IN 5180 753 9 such such PDT 5180 753 10 a a DT 5180 753 11 filter filter NN 5180 753 12 , , , 5180 753 13 it -PRON- PRP 5180 753 14 would would MD 5180 753 15 have have VB 5180 753 16 a a DT 5180 753 17 severe severe JJ 5180 753 18 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 753 19 problem problem NN 5180 753 20 , , , 5180 753 21 as as IN 5180 753 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 753 23 would would MD 5180 753 24 block block VB 5180 753 25 access access NN 5180 753 26 to to IN 5180 753 27 millions million NNS 5180 753 28 of of IN 5180 753 29 non non JJ 5180 753 30 - - JJ 5180 753 31 sexually sexually RB 5180 753 32 explicit explicit JJ 5180 753 33 sites site NNS 5180 753 34 on on IN 5180 753 35 the the DT 5180 753 36 Web web NN 5180 753 37 other other JJ 5180 753 38 than than IN 5180 753 39 the the DT 5180 753 40 Sesame Sesame NNP 5180 753 41 Street Street NNP 5180 753 42 site site NN 5180 753 43 . . . 5180 754 1 While while IN 5180 754 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 754 3 is be VBZ 5180 754 4 thus thus RB 5180 754 5 quite quite RB 5180 754 6 simple simple JJ 5180 754 7 to to TO 5180 754 8 design design VB 5180 754 9 a a DT 5180 754 10 filter filter NN 5180 754 11 that that WDT 5180 754 12 does do VBZ 5180 754 13 not not RB 5180 754 14 overblock overblock VB 5180 754 15 , , , 5180 754 16 and and CC 5180 754 17 equally equally RB 5180 754 18 simple simple JJ 5180 754 19 to to TO 5180 754 20 design design VB 5180 754 21 a a DT 5180 754 22 filter filter NN 5180 754 23 that that WDT 5180 754 24 does do VBZ 5180 754 25 not not RB 5180 754 26 underblock underblock VB 5180 754 27 , , , 5180 754 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 754 29 is be VBZ 5180 754 30 currently currently RB 5180 754 31 impossible impossible JJ 5180 754 32 , , , 5180 754 33 given give VBN 5180 754 34 the the DT 5180 754 35 Internet internet NN 5180 754 36 's 's POS 5180 754 37 size size NN 5180 754 38 , , , 5180 754 39 rate rate NN 5180 754 40 of of IN 5180 754 41 growth growth NN 5180 754 42 , , , 5180 754 43 rate rate NN 5180 754 44 of of IN 5180 754 45 change change NN 5180 754 46 , , , 5180 754 47 and and CC 5180 754 48 architecture architecture NN 5180 754 49 , , , 5180 754 50 and and CC 5180 754 51 given give VBN 5180 754 52 the the DT 5180 754 53 state state NN 5180 754 54 of of IN 5180 754 55 the the DT 5180 754 56 art art NN 5180 754 57 of of IN 5180 754 58 automated automate VBN 5180 754 59 classification classification NN 5180 754 60 systems system NNS 5180 754 61 , , , 5180 754 62 to to TO 5180 754 63 develop develop VB 5180 754 64 a a DT 5180 754 65 filter filter NN 5180 754 66 that that IN 5180 754 67 neither neither CC 5180 754 68 underblocks underblock NNS 5180 754 69 nor nor CC 5180 754 70 overblocks overblock VBZ 5180 754 71 a a DT 5180 754 72 substantial substantial JJ 5180 754 73 amount amount NN 5180 754 74 of of IN 5180 754 75 speech speech NN 5180 754 76 . . . 5180 755 1 The the DT 5180 755 2 more more RBR 5180 755 3 effective effective JJ 5180 755 4 a a DT 5180 755 5 filter filter NN 5180 755 6 is be VBZ 5180 755 7 at at IN 5180 755 8 blocking block VBG 5180 755 9 Web web NN 5180 755 10 sites site NNS 5180 755 11 in in IN 5180 755 12 a a DT 5180 755 13 given give VBN 5180 755 14 category category NN 5180 755 15 , , , 5180 755 16 the the DT 5180 755 17 more more RBR 5180 755 18 the the DT 5180 755 19 filter filter NN 5180 755 20 will will MD 5180 755 21 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 755 22 overblock overblock VB 5180 755 23 . . . 5180 756 1 Any any DT 5180 756 2 filter filter NN 5180 756 3 that that WDT 5180 756 4 is be VBZ 5180 756 5 reasonably reasonably RB 5180 756 6 effective effective JJ 5180 756 7 in in IN 5180 756 8 preventing prevent VBG 5180 756 9 users user NNS 5180 756 10 from from IN 5180 756 11 accessing access VBG 5180 756 12 sexually sexually RB 5180 756 13 explicit explicit JJ 5180 756 14 content content NN 5180 756 15 on on IN 5180 756 16 the the DT 5180 756 17 Web web NN 5180 756 18 will will MD 5180 756 19 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 756 20 block block VB 5180 756 21 substantial substantial JJ 5180 756 22 amounts amount NNS 5180 756 23 of of IN 5180 756 24 non- non- NNP 5180 756 25 sexually sexually RB 5180 756 26 explicit explicit JJ 5180 756 27 speech speech NN 5180 756 28 . . . 5180 757 1 4 4 LS 5180 757 2 . . . 5180 758 1 Attempts attempt NNS 5180 758 2 to to TO 5180 758 3 Quantify quantify VB 5180 758 4 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 758 5 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 758 6 ' ' POS 5180 758 7 Rates Rates NNPS 5180 758 8 of of IN 5180 758 9 Over- Over- NNP 5180 758 10 and and CC 5180 758 11 Underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 758 12 The the DT 5180 758 13 government government NN 5180 758 14 presented present VBD 5180 758 15 three three CD 5180 758 16 studies study NNS 5180 758 17 , , , 5180 758 18 two two CD 5180 758 19 from from IN 5180 758 20 expert expert NN 5180 758 21 witnesses witness NNS 5180 758 22 , , , 5180 758 23 and and CC 5180 758 24 one one CD 5180 758 25 from from IN 5180 758 26 a a DT 5180 758 27 librarian librarian JJ 5180 758 28 fact fact NN 5180 758 29 witness witness NN 5180 758 30 who who WP 5180 758 31 conducted conduct VBD 5180 758 32 a a DT 5180 758 33 study study NN 5180 758 34 using use VBG 5180 758 35 Internet internet NN 5180 758 36 use use NN 5180 758 37 logs log NNS 5180 758 38 from from IN 5180 758 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 758 40 own own JJ 5180 758 41 library library NN 5180 758 42 , , , 5180 758 43 that that DT 5180 758 44 attempt attempt VBP 5180 758 45 to to TO 5180 758 46 quantify quantify VB 5180 758 47 the the DT 5180 758 48 over- over- NN 5180 758 49 and and CC 5180 758 50 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 758 51 rates rate NNS 5180 758 52 of of IN 5180 758 53 five five CD 5180 758 54 different different JJ 5180 758 55 filtering filtering NN 5180 758 56 programs program NNS 5180 758 57 . . . 5180 759 1 The the DT 5180 759 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 759 3 presented present VBD 5180 759 4 one one CD 5180 759 5 expert expert NN 5180 759 6 witness witness NN 5180 759 7 who who WP 5180 759 8 attempted attempt VBD 5180 759 9 to to TO 5180 759 10 quantify quantify VB 5180 759 11 the the DT 5180 759 12 rates rate NNS 5180 759 13 of of IN 5180 759 14 over- over- NN 5180 759 15 and and CC 5180 759 16 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 759 17 for for IN 5180 759 18 various various JJ 5180 759 19 programs program NNS 5180 759 20 . . . 5180 760 1 Each each DT 5180 760 2 of of IN 5180 760 3 these these DT 5180 760 4 attempts attempt NNS 5180 760 5 to to TO 5180 760 6 quantify quantify VB 5180 760 7 rates rate NNS 5180 760 8 of of IN 5180 760 9 over- over- NN 5180 760 10 and and CC 5180 760 11 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 760 12 suffers suffer NNS 5180 760 13 from from IN 5180 760 14 various various JJ 5180 760 15 methodological methodological JJ 5180 760 16 flaws flaw NNS 5180 760 17 . . . 5180 761 1 The the DT 5180 761 2 fundamental fundamental JJ 5180 761 3 problem problem NN 5180 761 4 with with IN 5180 761 5 calculating calculate VBG 5180 761 6 over- over- NN 5180 761 7 and and CC 5180 761 8 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 761 9 rates rate NNS 5180 761 10 is be VBZ 5180 761 11 selecting select VBG 5180 761 12 a a DT 5180 761 13 universe universe NN 5180 761 14 of of IN 5180 761 15 Web web NN 5180 761 16 sites site NNS 5180 761 17 or or CC 5180 761 18 Web web NN 5180 761 19 pages page NNS 5180 761 20 to to TO 5180 761 21 serve serve VB 5180 761 22 as as IN 5180 761 23 the the DT 5180 761 24 set set NN 5180 761 25 to to TO 5180 761 26 be be VB 5180 761 27 tested test VBN 5180 761 28 . . . 5180 762 1 The the DT 5180 762 2 studies study NNS 5180 762 3 that that WDT 5180 762 4 the the DT 5180 762 5 parties party NNS 5180 762 6 submitted submit VBN 5180 762 7 in in IN 5180 762 8 this this DT 5180 762 9 case case NN 5180 762 10 took take VBD 5180 762 11 two two CD 5180 762 12 different different JJ 5180 762 13 approaches approach NNS 5180 762 14 to to IN 5180 762 15 this this DT 5180 762 16 problem problem NN 5180 762 17 . . . 5180 763 1 Two two CD 5180 763 2 of of IN 5180 763 3 the the DT 5180 763 4 studies study NNS 5180 763 5 , , , 5180 763 6 one one CD 5180 763 7 prepared prepare VBN 5180 763 8 by by IN 5180 763 9 the the DT 5180 763 10 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 763 11 ' ' POS 5180 763 12 expert expert JJ 5180 763 13 witness witness NN 5180 763 14 Chris Chris NNP 5180 763 15 Hunter Hunter NNP 5180 763 16 , , , 5180 763 17 a a DT 5180 763 18 graduate graduate NN 5180 763 19 student student NN 5180 763 20 at at IN 5180 763 21 the the DT 5180 763 22 University University NNP 5180 763 23 of of IN 5180 763 24 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 5180 763 25 , , , 5180 763 26 and and CC 5180 763 27 the the DT 5180 763 28 other other JJ 5180 763 29 prepared prepare VBN 5180 763 30 by by IN 5180 763 31 the the DT 5180 763 32 defendants defendant NNS 5180 763 33 ' ' POS 5180 763 34 expert expert NN 5180 763 35 , , , 5180 763 36 Chris Chris NNP 5180 763 37 Lemmons Lemmons NNP 5180 763 38 of of IN 5180 763 39 eTesting eTesting NNP 5180 763 40 Laboratories Laboratories NNP 5180 763 41 , , , 5180 763 42 in in IN 5180 763 43 Research Research NNP 5180 763 44 Triangle Triangle NNP 5180 763 45 Park Park NNP 5180 763 46 , , , 5180 763 47 North North NNP 5180 763 48 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 763 49 , , , 5180 763 50 approached approach VBD 5180 763 51 this this DT 5180 763 52 problem problem NN 5180 763 53 by by IN 5180 763 54 compiling compile VBG 5180 763 55 two two CD 5180 763 56 separate separate JJ 5180 763 57 lists list NNS 5180 763 58 of of IN 5180 763 59 Web web NN 5180 763 60 sites site NNS 5180 763 61 , , , 5180 763 62 one one CD 5180 763 63 of of IN 5180 763 64 URLs URLs NNPS 5180 763 65 that that IN 5180 763 66 they -PRON- PRP 5180 763 67 deemed deem VBD 5180 763 68 should should MD 5180 763 69 be be VB 5180 763 70 blocked block VBN 5180 763 71 according accord VBG 5180 763 72 to to IN 5180 763 73 the the DT 5180 763 74 filters filter NNS 5180 763 75 ' ' POS 5180 763 76 criteria criterion NNS 5180 763 77 , , , 5180 763 78 and and CC 5180 763 79 another another DT 5180 763 80 of of IN 5180 763 81 URLs URLs NNPS 5180 763 82 that that WDT 5180 763 83 they -PRON- PRP 5180 763 84 deemed deem VBD 5180 763 85 should should MD 5180 763 86 not not RB 5180 763 87 be be VB 5180 763 88 blocked block VBN 5180 763 89 according accord VBG 5180 763 90 to to IN 5180 763 91 the the DT 5180 763 92 filters filter NNS 5180 763 93 ' ' POS 5180 763 94 criteria criterion NNS 5180 763 95 . . . 5180 764 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 764 2 compiled compile VBD 5180 764 3 these these DT 5180 764 4 lists list NNS 5180 764 5 by by IN 5180 764 6 choosing choose VBG 5180 764 7 Web web NN 5180 764 8 sites site NNS 5180 764 9 from from IN 5180 764 10 the the DT 5180 764 11 results result NNS 5180 764 12 of of IN 5180 764 13 certain certain JJ 5180 764 14 key key JJ 5180 764 15 word word NN 5180 764 16 searches search NNS 5180 764 17 . . . 5180 765 1 The the DT 5180 765 2 problem problem NN 5180 765 3 with with IN 5180 765 4 this this DT 5180 765 5 selection selection NN 5180 765 6 method method NN 5180 765 7 is be VBZ 5180 765 8 that that IN 5180 765 9 it -PRON- PRP 5180 765 10 is be VBZ 5180 765 11 neither neither RB 5180 765 12 random random JJ 5180 765 13 , , , 5180 765 14 nor nor CC 5180 765 15 does do VBZ 5180 765 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 765 17 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 765 18 approximate approximate VB 5180 765 19 the the DT 5180 765 20 universe universe NN 5180 765 21 of of IN 5180 765 22 Web web NN 5180 765 23 pages page NNS 5180 765 24 that that WDT 5180 765 25 library library NN 5180 765 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 765 27 visit visit VBP 5180 765 28 . . . 5180 766 1 The the DT 5180 766 2 two two CD 5180 766 3 other other JJ 5180 766 4 studies study NNS 5180 766 5 , , , 5180 766 6 one one CD 5180 766 7 by by IN 5180 766 8 David David NNP 5180 766 9 Biek Biek NNP 5180 766 10 , , , 5180 766 11 head head NN 5180 766 12 librarian librarian NNP 5180 766 13 at at IN 5180 766 14 the the DT 5180 766 15 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 766 16 Public Public NNP 5180 766 17 Library Library NNP 5180 766 18 's 's POS 5180 766 19 main main JJ 5180 766 20 branch branch NN 5180 766 21 , , , 5180 766 22 and and CC 5180 766 23 one one CD 5180 766 24 by by IN 5180 766 25 Cory Cory NNP 5180 766 26 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 766 27 of of IN 5180 766 28 Certus Certus NNP 5180 766 29 Consulting Consulting NNP 5180 766 30 Group Group NNP 5180 766 31 , , , 5180 766 32 of of IN 5180 766 33 Seattle Seattle NNP 5180 766 34 , , , 5180 766 35 Washington Washington NNP 5180 766 36 , , , 5180 766 37 chose choose VBD 5180 766 38 actual actual JJ 5180 766 39 logs log NNS 5180 766 40 of of IN 5180 766 41 Web web NN 5180 766 42 pages page NNS 5180 766 43 visited visit VBN 5180 766 44 by by IN 5180 766 45 library library NN 5180 766 46 patrons patron NNS 5180 766 47 during during IN 5180 766 48 specific specific JJ 5180 766 49 time time NN 5180 766 50 periods period NNS 5180 766 51 as as IN 5180 766 52 the the DT 5180 766 53 universe universe NN 5180 766 54 of of IN 5180 766 55 Web web NN 5180 766 56 pages page NNS 5180 766 57 to to TO 5180 766 58 analyze analyze VB 5180 766 59 . . . 5180 767 1 This this DT 5180 767 2 method method NN 5180 767 3 , , , 5180 767 4 while while IN 5180 767 5 surely surely RB 5180 767 6 not not RB 5180 767 7 as as RB 5180 767 8 accurate accurate JJ 5180 767 9 as as IN 5180 767 10 a a DT 5180 767 11 truly truly RB 5180 767 12 random random JJ 5180 767 13 sample sample NN 5180 767 14 of of IN 5180 767 15 the the DT 5180 767 16 indexed index VBN 5180 767 17 Web web NN 5180 767 18 would would MD 5180 767 19 be be VB 5180 767 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 767 21 assuming assume VBG 5180 767 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 767 23 would would MD 5180 767 24 be be VB 5180 767 25 possible possible JJ 5180 767 26 to to TO 5180 767 27 take take VB 5180 767 28 such such PDT 5180 767 29 a a DT 5180 767 30 sample sample NN 5180 767 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 767 32 , , , 5180 767 33 has have VBZ 5180 767 34 the the DT 5180 767 35 virtue virtue NN 5180 767 36 of of IN 5180 767 37 using use VBG 5180 767 38 the the DT 5180 767 39 actual actual JJ 5180 767 40 Web web NN 5180 767 41 sites site NNS 5180 767 42 that that WDT 5180 767 43 library library NN 5180 767 44 patrons patron NNS 5180 767 45 visited visit VBN 5180 767 46 during during IN 5180 767 47 a a DT 5180 767 48 specific specific JJ 5180 767 49 period period NN 5180 767 50 . . . 5180 768 1 Because because IN 5180 768 2 library library NN 5180 768 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 768 4 selected select VBD 5180 768 5 the the DT 5180 768 6 universe universe NN 5180 768 7 of of IN 5180 768 8 Web web NN 5180 768 9 sites site NNS 5180 768 10 that that IN 5180 768 11 Biek Biek NNP 5180 768 12 and and CC 5180 768 13 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 768 14 's 's POS 5180 768 15 studies study NNS 5180 768 16 analyzed analyze VBD 5180 768 17 , , , 5180 768 18 this this DT 5180 768 19 removes remove VBZ 5180 768 20 the the DT 5180 768 21 possibility possibility NN 5180 768 22 of of IN 5180 768 23 bias bias NN 5180 768 24 resulting result VBG 5180 768 25 from from IN 5180 768 26 the the DT 5180 768 27 study study NN 5180 768 28 author author NN 5180 768 29 's 's POS 5180 768 30 selection selection NN 5180 768 31 of of IN 5180 768 32 the the DT 5180 768 33 universe universe NN 5180 768 34 of of IN 5180 768 35 sites site NNS 5180 768 36 to to TO 5180 768 37 be be VB 5180 768 38 reviewed review VBN 5180 768 39 . . . 5180 769 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 769 2 find find VBP 5180 769 3 that that IN 5180 769 4 the the DT 5180 769 5 Lemmons Lemmons NNPS 5180 769 6 and and CC 5180 769 7 Hunter Hunter NNP 5180 769 8 studies study NNS 5180 769 9 are be VBP 5180 769 10 of of IN 5180 769 11 little little JJ 5180 769 12 probative probative JJ 5180 769 13 value value NN 5180 769 14 because because IN 5180 769 15 of of IN 5180 769 16 the the DT 5180 769 17 methodology methodology NN 5180 769 18 used use VBN 5180 769 19 to to TO 5180 769 20 select select VB 5180 769 21 the the DT 5180 769 22 sample sample NN 5180 769 23 universe universe NN 5180 769 24 of of IN 5180 769 25 Web web NN 5180 769 26 sites site NNS 5180 769 27 to to TO 5180 769 28 be be VB 5180 769 29 tested test VBN 5180 769 30 . . . 5180 770 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 770 2 will will MD 5180 770 3 therefore therefore RB 5180 770 4 focus focus VB 5180 770 5 on on IN 5180 770 6 the the DT 5180 770 7 studies study NNS 5180 770 8 conducted conduct VBN 5180 770 9 by by IN 5180 770 10 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 770 11 and and CC 5180 770 12 Biek Biek NNP 5180 770 13 in in IN 5180 770 14 trying try VBG 5180 770 15 to to TO 5180 770 16 ascertain ascertain VB 5180 770 17 estimates estimate NNS 5180 770 18 of of IN 5180 770 19 the the DT 5180 770 20 rates rate NNS 5180 770 21 of of IN 5180 770 22 over- over- NN 5180 770 23 and and CC 5180 770 24 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 770 25 that that DT 5180 770 26 takes take VBZ 5180 770 27 place place NN 5180 770 28 when when WRB 5180 770 29 filters filter NNS 5180 770 30 are be VBP 5180 770 31 used use VBN 5180 770 32 in in IN 5180 770 33 public public JJ 5180 770 34 libraries library NNS 5180 770 35 . . . 5180 771 1 The the DT 5180 771 2 government government NN 5180 771 3 hired hire VBD 5180 771 4 expert expert JJ 5180 771 5 witness witness NN 5180 771 6 Cory Cory NNP 5180 771 7 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 771 8 to to TO 5180 771 9 study study VB 5180 771 10 the the DT 5180 771 11 Internet internet NN 5180 771 12 logs log NNS 5180 771 13 compiled compile VBN 5180 771 14 by by IN 5180 771 15 the the DT 5180 771 16 public public JJ 5180 771 17 libraries library NNS 5180 771 18 systems system NNS 5180 771 19 in in IN 5180 771 20 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 771 21 , , , 5180 771 22 Washington Washington NNP 5180 771 23 ; ; : 5180 771 24 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 771 25 , , , 5180 771 26 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 771 27 ; ; : 5180 771 28 and and CC 5180 771 29 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 771 30 , , , 5180 771 31 South South NNP 5180 771 32 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 771 33 . . . 5180 772 1 Each each DT 5180 772 2 of of IN 5180 772 3 these these DT 5180 772 4 libraries library NNS 5180 772 5 uses use VBZ 5180 772 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 772 7 software software NN 5180 772 8 that that WDT 5180 772 9 keeps keep VBZ 5180 772 10 a a DT 5180 772 11 log log NN 5180 772 12 of of IN 5180 772 13 information information NN 5180 772 14 about about IN 5180 772 15 individual individual JJ 5180 772 16 Web web NN 5180 772 17 site site NN 5180 772 18 requests request NNS 5180 772 19 made make VBN 5180 772 20 by by IN 5180 772 21 library library NN 5180 772 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 772 23 . . . 5180 773 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 773 2 , , , 5180 773 3 whose whose WP$ 5180 773 4 consulting consult VBG 5180 773 5 firm firm NN 5180 773 6 specializes specialize VBZ 5180 773 7 in in IN 5180 773 8 data datum NNS 5180 773 9 analysis analysis NN 5180 773 10 , , , 5180 773 11 has have VBZ 5180 773 12 substantial substantial JJ 5180 773 13 experience experience NN 5180 773 14 evaluating evaluate VBG 5180 773 15 Internet internet NN 5180 773 16 access access NN 5180 773 17 logs log NNS 5180 773 18 generated generate VBN 5180 773 19 on on IN 5180 773 20 networked networked JJ 5180 773 21 systems system NNS 5180 773 22 . . . 5180 774 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 774 2 spent spend VBD 5180 774 3 more more JJR 5180 774 4 than than IN 5180 774 5 a a DT 5180 774 6 year year NN 5180 774 7 developing develop VBG 5180 774 8 a a DT 5180 774 9 reporting reporting NN 5180 774 10 tool tool NN 5180 774 11 for for IN 5180 774 12 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 774 13 , , , 5180 774 14 and and CC 5180 774 15 , , , 5180 774 16 in in IN 5180 774 17 the the DT 5180 774 18 course course NN 5180 774 19 of of IN 5180 774 20 that that DT 5180 774 21 work work NN 5180 774 22 , , , 5180 774 23 acquired acquire VBD 5180 774 24 a a DT 5180 774 25 familiarity familiarity NN 5180 774 26 with with IN 5180 774 27 the the DT 5180 774 28 design design NN 5180 774 29 and and CC 5180 774 30 operation operation NN 5180 774 31 of of IN 5180 774 32 Internet internet NN 5180 774 33 filtering filtering NN 5180 774 34 products product NNS 5180 774 35 . . . 5180 775 1 The the DT 5180 775 2 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 775 3 library library NN 5180 775 4 uses use VBZ 5180 775 5 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 775 6 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 775 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 775 8 software software NN 5180 775 9 , , , 5180 775 10 and and CC 5180 775 11 logs log VBZ 5180 775 12 information information NN 5180 775 13 only only RB 5180 775 14 on on IN 5180 775 15 sites site NNS 5180 775 16 that that WDT 5180 775 17 were be VBD 5180 775 18 blocked block VBN 5180 775 19 . . . 5180 776 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 776 2 worked work VBD 5180 776 3 from from IN 5180 776 4 a a DT 5180 776 5 list list NN 5180 776 6 of of IN 5180 776 7 all all DT 5180 776 8 sites site NNS 5180 776 9 that that WDT 5180 776 10 were be VBD 5180 776 11 blocked block VBN 5180 776 12 in in IN 5180 776 13 the the DT 5180 776 14 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 776 15 public public JJ 5180 776 16 library library NN 5180 776 17 in in IN 5180 776 18 the the DT 5180 776 19 month month NN 5180 776 20 of of IN 5180 776 21 August August NNP 5180 776 22 2001 2001 CD 5180 776 23 . . . 5180 777 1 The the DT 5180 777 2 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 777 3 library library NN 5180 777 4 uses use VBZ 5180 777 5 the the DT 5180 777 6 Websense Websense NNP 5180 777 7 filtering filtering NN 5180 777 8 product product NN 5180 777 9 , , , 5180 777 10 and and CC 5180 777 11 logs log VBZ 5180 777 12 information information NN 5180 777 13 on on IN 5180 777 14 both both DT 5180 777 15 blocked block VBN 5180 777 16 sites site NNS 5180 777 17 and and CC 5180 777 18 non non JJ 5180 777 19 - - JJ 5180 777 20 blocked blocked JJ 5180 777 21 sites site NNS 5180 777 22 . . . 5180 778 1 When when WRB 5180 778 2 the the DT 5180 778 3 logs log NNS 5180 778 4 reach reach VBP 5180 778 5 a a DT 5180 778 6 certain certain JJ 5180 778 7 size size NN 5180 778 8 , , , 5180 778 9 they -PRON- PRP 5180 778 10 are be VBP 5180 778 11 overwritten overwrite VBN 5180 778 12 by by IN 5180 778 13 new new JJ 5180 778 14 usage usage NN 5180 778 15 logs log NNS 5180 778 16 . . . 5180 779 1 Because because IN 5180 779 2 of of IN 5180 779 3 this this DT 5180 779 4 overwriting overwrite VBG 5180 779 5 feature feature NN 5180 779 6 , , , 5180 779 7 logs log NNS 5180 779 8 were be VBD 5180 779 9 available available JJ 5180 779 10 to to IN 5180 779 11 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 779 12 only only RB 5180 779 13 for for IN 5180 779 14 the the DT 5180 779 15 relatively relatively RB 5180 779 16 short short JJ 5180 779 17 period period NN 5180 779 18 from from IN 5180 779 19 October October NNP 5180 779 20 1 1 CD 5180 779 21 , , , 5180 779 22 2001 2001 CD 5180 779 23 to to IN 5180 779 24 October October NNP 5180 779 25 3 3 CD 5180 779 26 , , , 5180 779 27 2001 2001 CD 5180 779 28 . . . 5180 780 1 The the DT 5180 780 2 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 780 3 library library NN 5180 780 4 uses use VBZ 5180 780 5 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 780 6 's 's POS 5180 780 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 780 8 product product NN 5180 780 9 and and CC 5180 780 10 logs log NNS 5180 780 11 both both DT 5180 780 12 blocked block VBD 5180 780 13 sites site NNS 5180 780 14 and and CC 5180 780 15 sites site NNS 5180 780 16 that that IN 5180 780 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 780 18 accessed access VBD 5180 780 19 . . . 5180 781 1 The the DT 5180 781 2 logs log NNS 5180 781 3 contain contain VBP 5180 781 4 more more JJR 5180 781 5 than than IN 5180 781 6 500,000 500,000 CD 5180 781 7 records record NNS 5180 781 8 per per IN 5180 781 9 day day NN 5180 781 10 . . . 5180 782 1 Because because IN 5180 782 2 of of IN 5180 782 3 the the DT 5180 782 4 volume volume NN 5180 782 5 of of IN 5180 782 6 the the DT 5180 782 7 records record NNS 5180 782 8 , , , 5180 782 9 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 782 10 restricted restrict VBD 5180 782 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 782 12 analysis analysis NN 5180 782 13 to to IN 5180 782 14 the the DT 5180 782 15 period period NN 5180 782 16 from from IN 5180 782 17 August August NNP 5180 782 18 2 2 CD 5180 782 19 , , , 5180 782 20 2001 2001 CD 5180 782 21 to to IN 5180 782 22 August August NNP 5180 782 23 15 15 CD 5180 782 24 , , , 5180 782 25 2001 2001 CD 5180 782 26 . . . 5180 783 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 783 2 calculated calculate VBD 5180 783 3 an an DT 5180 783 4 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 783 5 rate rate NN 5180 783 6 for for IN 5180 783 7 each each DT 5180 783 8 of of IN 5180 783 9 the the DT 5180 783 10 three three CD 5180 783 11 libraries library NNS 5180 783 12 by by IN 5180 783 13 examining examine VBG 5180 783 14 the the DT 5180 783 15 host host NN 5180 783 16 Web web NN 5180 783 17 site site NN 5180 783 18 containing contain VBG 5180 783 19 each each DT 5180 783 20 of of IN 5180 783 21 the the DT 5180 783 22 blocked block VBN 5180 783 23 pages page NNS 5180 783 24 . . . 5180 784 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 784 2 did do VBD 5180 784 3 not not RB 5180 784 4 employ employ VB 5180 784 5 a a DT 5180 784 6 sampling sampling NN 5180 784 7 technique technique NN 5180 784 8 , , , 5180 784 9 but but CC 5180 784 10 instead instead RB 5180 784 11 examined examine VBD 5180 784 12 each each DT 5180 784 13 blocked block VBN 5180 784 14 Web web NN 5180 784 15 site site NN 5180 784 16 . . . 5180 785 1 If if IN 5180 785 2 the the DT 5180 785 3 contents content NNS 5180 785 4 of of IN 5180 785 5 a a DT 5180 785 6 host host NN 5180 785 7 Web web NN 5180 785 8 site site NN 5180 785 9 or or CC 5180 785 10 the the DT 5180 785 11 pages page NNS 5180 785 12 within within IN 5180 785 13 the the DT 5180 785 14 Web web NN 5180 785 15 site site NN 5180 785 16 were be VBD 5180 785 17 consistent consistent JJ 5180 785 18 with with IN 5180 785 19 the the DT 5180 785 20 filtering filter VBG 5180 785 21 product product NN 5180 785 22 's 's POS 5180 785 23 definition definition NN 5180 785 24 of of IN 5180 785 25 the the DT 5180 785 26 category category NN 5180 785 27 under under IN 5180 785 28 which which WDT 5180 785 29 the the DT 5180 785 30 site site NN 5180 785 31 was be VBD 5180 785 32 blocked block VBN 5180 785 33 , , , 5180 785 34 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 785 35 considered consider VBD 5180 785 36 it -PRON- PRP 5180 785 37 to to TO 5180 785 38 be be VB 5180 785 39 an an DT 5180 785 40 accurate accurate JJ 5180 785 41 block block NN 5180 785 42 . . . 5180 786 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 786 2 and and CC 5180 786 3 three three CD 5180 786 4 others other NNS 5180 786 5 , , , 5180 786 6 two two CD 5180 786 7 of of IN 5180 786 8 whom whom WP 5180 786 9 were be VBD 5180 786 10 temporary temporary JJ 5180 786 11 employees employee NNS 5180 786 12 , , , 5180 786 13 examined examine VBD 5180 786 14 the the DT 5180 786 15 Web web NN 5180 786 16 sites site NNS 5180 786 17 to to TO 5180 786 18 determine determine VB 5180 786 19 whether whether IN 5180 786 20 they -PRON- PRP 5180 786 21 were be VBD 5180 786 22 consistent consistent JJ 5180 786 23 with with IN 5180 786 24 the the DT 5180 786 25 filtering filter VBG 5180 786 26 companies company NNS 5180 786 27 ' ' POS 5180 786 28 category category NN 5180 786 29 definitions definition NNS 5180 786 30 . . . 5180 787 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 787 2 review review NN 5180 787 3 was be VBD 5180 787 4 , , , 5180 787 5 of of IN 5180 787 6 course course NN 5180 787 7 , , , 5180 787 8 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 787 9 limited limit VBN 5180 787 10 by by IN 5180 787 11 : : : 5180 787 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 787 13 1 1 LS 5180 787 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 787 15 the the DT 5180 787 16 clarity clarity NN 5180 787 17 of of IN 5180 787 18 the the DT 5180 787 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 787 20 companies company NNS 5180 787 21 ' ' POS 5180 787 22 category category NN 5180 787 23 definitions definition NNS 5180 787 24 ; ; , 5180 787 25 ( ( -LRB- 5180 787 26 2 2 LS 5180 787 27 ) ) -RRB- 5180 787 28 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 787 29 's 's POS 5180 787 30 and and CC 5180 787 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 787 32 employees employee NNS 5180 787 33 ' ' POS 5180 787 34 interpretations interpretation NNS 5180 787 35 of of IN 5180 787 36 the the DT 5180 787 37 definitions definition NNS 5180 787 38 ; ; , 5180 787 39 and and CC 5180 787 40 ( ( -LRB- 5180 787 41 3 3 LS 5180 787 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 787 43 human human JJ 5180 787 44 error error NN 5180 787 45 . . . 5180 788 1 The the DT 5180 788 2 study study NN 5180 788 3 's 's POS 5180 788 4 reliability reliability NN 5180 788 5 is be VBZ 5180 788 6 also also RB 5180 788 7 undercut undercut JJ 5180 788 8 by by IN 5180 788 9 the the DT 5180 788 10 fact fact NN 5180 788 11 that that IN 5180 788 12 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 788 13 failed fail VBD 5180 788 14 to to TO 5180 788 15 archive archive VB 5180 788 16 the the DT 5180 788 17 blocked block VBN 5180 788 18 Web web NN 5180 788 19 pages page NNS 5180 788 20 as as IN 5180 788 21 they -PRON- PRP 5180 788 22 existed exist VBD 5180 788 23 either either CC 5180 788 24 at at IN 5180 788 25 the the DT 5180 788 26 point point NN 5180 788 27 that that IN 5180 788 28 a a DT 5180 788 29 patron patron NN 5180 788 30 in in IN 5180 788 31 one one CD 5180 788 32 of of IN 5180 788 33 the the DT 5180 788 34 three three CD 5180 788 35 libraries library NNS 5180 788 36 was be VBD 5180 788 37 denied deny VBN 5180 788 38 access access NN 5180 788 39 or or CC 5180 788 40 when when WRB 5180 788 41 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 788 42 and and CC 5180 788 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 788 44 team team NN 5180 788 45 reviewed review VBD 5180 788 46 the the DT 5180 788 47 pages page NNS 5180 788 48 . . . 5180 789 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 789 2 is be VBZ 5180 789 3 therefore therefore RB 5180 789 4 impossible impossible JJ 5180 789 5 for for IN 5180 789 6 anyone anyone NN 5180 789 7 to to TO 5180 789 8 check check VB 5180 789 9 the the DT 5180 789 10 accuracy accuracy NN 5180 789 11 and and CC 5180 789 12 consistency consistency NN 5180 789 13 of of IN 5180 789 14 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 789 15 's 's POS 5180 789 16 review review NN 5180 789 17 team team NN 5180 789 18 , , , 5180 789 19 or or CC 5180 789 20 to to TO 5180 789 21 know know VB 5180 789 22 whether whether IN 5180 789 23 the the DT 5180 789 24 pages page NNS 5180 789 25 contained contain VBD 5180 789 26 the the DT 5180 789 27 same same JJ 5180 789 28 content content NN 5180 789 29 when when WRB 5180 789 30 the the DT 5180 789 31 block block NN 5180 789 32 occurred occur VBD 5180 789 33 as as IN 5180 789 34 they -PRON- PRP 5180 789 35 did do VBD 5180 789 36 when when WRB 5180 789 37 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 789 38 's 's POS 5180 789 39 team team NN 5180 789 40 reviewed review VBD 5180 789 41 them -PRON- PRP 5180 789 42 . . . 5180 790 1 This this DT 5180 790 2 is be VBZ 5180 790 3 a a DT 5180 790 4 key key JJ 5180 790 5 flaw flaw NN 5180 790 6 , , , 5180 790 7 because because IN 5180 790 8 the the DT 5180 790 9 results result NNS 5180 790 10 of of IN 5180 790 11 the the DT 5180 790 12 study study NN 5180 790 13 depend depend VBP 5180 790 14 on on IN 5180 790 15 individual individual JJ 5180 790 16 determinations determination NNS 5180 790 17 as as IN 5180 790 18 to to IN 5180 790 19 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 790 20 and and CC 5180 790 21 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 790 22 , , , 5180 790 23 in in IN 5180 790 24 which which WDT 5180 790 25 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 790 26 and and CC 5180 790 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 790 28 team team NN 5180 790 29 were be VBD 5180 790 30 required require VBN 5180 790 31 to to TO 5180 790 32 compare compare VB 5180 790 33 what what WP 5180 790 34 they -PRON- PRP 5180 790 35 saw see VBD 5180 790 36 on on IN 5180 790 37 the the DT 5180 790 38 Web web NN 5180 790 39 pages page NNS 5180 790 40 that that WDT 5180 790 41 they -PRON- PRP 5180 790 42 reviewed review VBD 5180 790 43 with with IN 5180 790 44 standard standard JJ 5180 790 45 definitions definition NNS 5180 790 46 provided provide VBN 5180 790 47 by by IN 5180 790 48 the the DT 5180 790 49 filtering filter VBG 5180 790 50 company company NN 5180 790 51 . . . 5180 791 1 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 791 2 library library NN 5180 791 3 's 's POS 5180 791 4 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 791 5 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 791 6 software software NN 5180 791 7 blocked block VBD 5180 791 8 836 836 CD 5180 791 9 unique unique JJ 5180 791 10 Web web NN 5180 791 11 sites site NNS 5180 791 12 during during IN 5180 791 13 the the DT 5180 791 14 month month NN 5180 791 15 of of IN 5180 791 16 August August NNP 5180 791 17 . . . 5180 792 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 792 2 determined determine VBD 5180 792 3 that that IN 5180 792 4 783 783 CD 5180 792 5 of of IN 5180 792 6 those those DT 5180 792 7 blocks block NNS 5180 792 8 were be VBD 5180 792 9 accurate accurate JJ 5180 792 10 and and CC 5180 792 11 that that IN 5180 792 12 53 53 CD 5180 792 13 were be VBD 5180 792 14 inaccurate inaccurate JJ 5180 792 15 . . . 5180 793 1 The the DT 5180 793 2 error error NN 5180 793 3 rate rate NN 5180 793 4 for for IN 5180 793 5 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 793 6 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 793 7 was be VBD 5180 793 8 therefore therefore RB 5180 793 9 estimated estimate VBN 5180 793 10 to to TO 5180 793 11 be be VB 5180 793 12 6.34 6.34 CD 5180 793 13 % % NN 5180 793 14 , , , 5180 793 15 and and CC 5180 793 16 the the DT 5180 793 17 true true JJ 5180 793 18 error error NN 5180 793 19 rate rate NN 5180 793 20 was be VBD 5180 793 21 estimated estimate VBN 5180 793 22 with with IN 5180 793 23 95 95 CD 5180 793 24 % % NN 5180 793 25 confidence confidence NN 5180 793 26 to to TO 5180 793 27 lie lie VB 5180 793 28 within within IN 5180 793 29 the the DT 5180 793 30 range range NN 5180 793 31 of of IN 5180 793 32 4.69 4.69 CD 5180 793 33 % % NN 5180 793 34 to to IN 5180 793 35 7.99 7.99 CD 5180 793 36 % % NN 5180 793 37 . . . 5180 794 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 794 2 and and CC 5180 794 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 794 4 team team NN 5180 794 5 reviewed review VBD 5180 794 6 185 185 CD 5180 794 7 unique unique JJ 5180 794 8 Web web NN 5180 794 9 sites site NNS 5180 794 10 that that WDT 5180 794 11 were be VBD 5180 794 12 blocked block VBN 5180 794 13 by by IN 5180 794 14 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 794 15 Library Library NNP 5180 794 16 's 's POS 5180 794 17 Websense Websense NNP 5180 794 18 filter filter NN 5180 794 19 during during IN 5180 794 20 the the DT 5180 794 21 logged log VBN 5180 794 22 period period NN 5180 794 23 and and CC 5180 794 24 determined determine VBD 5180 794 25 that that IN 5180 794 26 158 158 CD 5180 794 27 of of IN 5180 794 28 them -PRON- PRP 5180 794 29 were be VBD 5180 794 30 accurate accurate JJ 5180 794 31 and and CC 5180 794 32 that that IN 5180 794 33 27 27 CD 5180 794 34 of of IN 5180 794 35 them -PRON- PRP 5180 794 36 were be VBD 5180 794 37 inaccurate inaccurate JJ 5180 794 38 . . . 5180 795 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 795 2 therefore therefore RB 5180 795 3 estimated estimate VBD 5180 795 4 the the DT 5180 795 5 Websense Websense NNP 5180 795 6 filter filter NN 5180 795 7 's 's POS 5180 795 8 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 795 9 rate rate NN 5180 795 10 at at IN 5180 795 11 14.59 14.59 CD 5180 795 12 % % NN 5180 795 13 with with IN 5180 795 14 a a DT 5180 795 15 95 95 CD 5180 795 16 % % NN 5180 795 17 confidence confidence NN 5180 795 18 interval interval NN 5180 795 19 of of IN 5180 795 20 9.51 9.51 CD 5180 795 21 % % NN 5180 795 22 to to IN 5180 795 23 19.68 19.68 CD 5180 795 24 % % NN 5180 795 25 . . . 5180 796 1 Additionally additionally RB 5180 796 2 , , , 5180 796 3 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 796 4 examined examine VBD 5180 796 5 1,674 1,674 CD 5180 796 6 unique unique JJ 5180 796 7 Web web NN 5180 796 8 sites site NNS 5180 796 9 that that WDT 5180 796 10 were be VBD 5180 796 11 blocked block VBN 5180 796 12 by by IN 5180 796 13 the the DT 5180 796 14 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 796 15 Library Library NNP 5180 796 16 's 's POS 5180 796 17 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 796 18 filter filter NN 5180 796 19 during during IN 5180 796 20 the the DT 5180 796 21 relevant relevant JJ 5180 796 22 period period NN 5180 796 23 and and CC 5180 796 24 determined determine VBD 5180 796 25 that that IN 5180 796 26 1,520 1,520 CD 5180 796 27 were be VBD 5180 796 28 accurate accurate JJ 5180 796 29 and and CC 5180 796 30 that that IN 5180 796 31 87 87 CD 5180 796 32 were be VBD 5180 796 33 inaccurate inaccurate JJ 5180 796 34 . . . 5180 797 1 This this DT 5180 797 2 yields yield VBZ 5180 797 3 an an DT 5180 797 4 estimated estimate VBN 5180 797 5 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 797 6 rate rate NN 5180 797 7 of of IN 5180 797 8 5.41 5.41 CD 5180 797 9 % % NN 5180 797 10 and and CC 5180 797 11 a a DT 5180 797 12 95 95 CD 5180 797 13 % % NN 5180 797 14 confidence confidence NN 5180 797 15 interval interval NN 5180 797 16 of of IN 5180 797 17 4.33 4.33 CD 5180 797 18 % % NN 5180 797 19 to to IN 5180 797 20 6.55 6.55 CD 5180 797 21 % % NN 5180 797 22 . . . 5180 798 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 798 2 's 's POS 5180 798 3 methodology methodology NN 5180 798 4 was be VBD 5180 798 5 materially materially RB 5180 798 6 flawed flawed JJ 5180 798 7 in in IN 5180 798 8 that that IN 5180 798 9 it -PRON- PRP 5180 798 10 understates understate VBZ 5180 798 11 the the DT 5180 798 12 rate rate NN 5180 798 13 of of IN 5180 798 14 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 798 15 for for IN 5180 798 16 the the DT 5180 798 17 following follow VBG 5180 798 18 reasons reason NNS 5180 798 19 . . . 5180 799 1 First first RB 5180 799 2 , , , 5180 799 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 799 4 from from IN 5180 799 5 the the DT 5180 799 6 three three CD 5180 799 7 libraries library NNS 5180 799 8 knew know VBD 5180 799 9 that that IN 5180 799 10 the the DT 5180 799 11 filters filter NNS 5180 799 12 were be VBD 5180 799 13 operating operate VBG 5180 799 14 , , , 5180 799 15 and and CC 5180 799 16 may may MD 5180 799 17 have have VB 5180 799 18 been be VBN 5180 799 19 deterred deter VBN 5180 799 20 from from IN 5180 799 21 attempting attempt VBG 5180 799 22 to to IN 5180 799 23 access access VB 5180 799 24 Web web NN 5180 799 25 sites site NNS 5180 799 26 that that IN 5180 799 27 they -PRON- PRP 5180 799 28 perceived perceive VBD 5180 799 29 to to TO 5180 799 30 be be VB 5180 799 31 " " `` 5180 799 32 borderline borderline NN 5180 799 33 " " '' 5180 799 34 sites site NNS 5180 799 35 , , , 5180 799 36 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 799 37 , , , 5180 799 38 those those DT 5180 799 39 that that WDT 5180 799 40 may may MD 5180 799 41 or or CC 5180 799 42 may may MD 5180 799 43 not not RB 5180 799 44 have have VB 5180 799 45 been be VBN 5180 799 46 appropriately appropriately RB 5180 799 47 filtered filter VBN 5180 799 48 according accord VBG 5180 799 49 to to IN 5180 799 50 the the DT 5180 799 51 filtering filter VBG 5180 799 52 companies company NNS 5180 799 53 ' ' POS 5180 799 54 category category NN 5180 799 55 definitions definition NNS 5180 799 56 . . . 5180 800 1 Second second JJ 5180 800 2 , , , 5180 800 3 in in IN 5180 800 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 800 5 cross cross NN 5180 800 6 - - NN 5180 800 7 examination examination NN 5180 800 8 of of IN 5180 800 9 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 800 10 , , , 5180 800 11 the the DT 5180 800 12 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 800 13 offered offer VBD 5180 800 14 screen screen NN 5180 800 15 shots shot NNS 5180 800 16 of of IN 5180 800 17 a a DT 5180 800 18 number number NN 5180 800 19 of of IN 5180 800 20 Web web NN 5180 800 21 sites site NNS 5180 800 22 that that WDT 5180 800 23 , , , 5180 800 24 according accord VBG 5180 800 25 to to IN 5180 800 26 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 800 27 , , , 5180 800 28 had have VBD 5180 800 29 been be VBN 5180 800 30 appropriately appropriately RB 5180 800 31 blocked block VBN 5180 800 32 , , , 5180 800 33 but but CC 5180 800 34 that that IN 5180 800 35 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 800 36 admitted admit VBD 5180 800 37 contained contain VBD 5180 800 38 only only RB 5180 800 39 benign benign JJ 5180 800 40 materials material NNS 5180 800 41 . . . 5180 801 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 801 2 's 's POS 5180 801 3 explanation explanation NN 5180 801 4 was be VBD 5180 801 5 that that IN 5180 801 6 the the DT 5180 801 7 Web web NN 5180 801 8 sites site NNS 5180 801 9 must must MD 5180 801 10 have have VB 5180 801 11 changed change VBN 5180 801 12 between between IN 5180 801 13 the the DT 5180 801 14 time time NN 5180 801 15 when when WRB 5180 801 16 he -PRON- PRP 5180 801 17 conducted conduct VBD 5180 801 18 the the DT 5180 801 19 study study NN 5180 801 20 and and CC 5180 801 21 the the DT 5180 801 22 time time NN 5180 801 23 of of IN 5180 801 24 the the DT 5180 801 25 trial trial NN 5180 801 26 , , , 5180 801 27 but but CC 5180 801 28 because because IN 5180 801 29 he -PRON- PRP 5180 801 30 did do VBD 5180 801 31 not not RB 5180 801 32 archive archive VB 5180 801 33 the the DT 5180 801 34 images image NNS 5180 801 35 as as IN 5180 801 36 they -PRON- PRP 5180 801 37 existed exist VBD 5180 801 38 when when WRB 5180 801 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 801 40 team team NN 5180 801 41 reviewed review VBD 5180 801 42 them -PRON- PRP 5180 801 43 for for IN 5180 801 44 the the DT 5180 801 45 study study NN 5180 801 46 , , , 5180 801 47 there there EX 5180 801 48 is be VBZ 5180 801 49 no no DT 5180 801 50 way way NN 5180 801 51 to to TO 5180 801 52 verify verify VB 5180 801 53 this this DT 5180 801 54 . . . 5180 802 1 Third third JJ 5180 802 2 , , , 5180 802 3 because because IN 5180 802 4 of of IN 5180 802 5 the the DT 5180 802 6 way way NN 5180 802 7 in in IN 5180 802 8 which which WDT 5180 802 9 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 802 10 counted count VBN 5180 802 11 blocked block VBN 5180 802 12 Web web NN 5180 802 13 sites site NNS 5180 802 14 – – : 5180 802 15 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 802 16 , , , 5180 802 17 if if IN 5180 802 18 separate separate JJ 5180 802 19 patrons patron NNS 5180 802 20 attempted attempt VBD 5180 802 21 to to TO 5180 802 22 reach reach VB 5180 802 23 the the DT 5180 802 24 same same JJ 5180 802 25 Web web NN 5180 802 26 site site NN 5180 802 27 , , , 5180 802 28 or or CC 5180 802 29 one one CD 5180 802 30 or or CC 5180 802 31 more more JJR 5180 802 32 patrons patron NNS 5180 802 33 attempted attempt VBD 5180 802 34 to to TO 5180 802 35 access access VB 5180 802 36 more more JJR 5180 802 37 than than IN 5180 802 38 one one CD 5180 802 39 page page NN 5180 802 40 on on IN 5180 802 41 a a DT 5180 802 42 single single JJ 5180 802 43 Web web NN 5180 802 44 site site NN 5180 802 45 , , , 5180 802 46 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 802 47 counted count VBD 5180 802 48 these these DT 5180 802 49 attempts attempt NNS 5180 802 50 as as IN 5180 802 51 a a DT 5180 802 52 single single JJ 5180 802 53 block block NN 5180 802 54 , , , 5180 802 55 see see VB 5180 802 56 supra supra NNP 5180 802 57 note note NNP 5180 802 58 10 10 CD 5180 802 59 – – : 5180 802 60 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 802 61 results result NNS 5180 802 62 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 802 63 understate understate VBP 5180 802 64 the the DT 5180 802 65 number number NN 5180 802 66 of of IN 5180 802 67 times time NNS 5180 802 68 that that IN 5180 802 69 patrons patron NNS 5180 802 70 were be VBD 5180 802 71 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 802 72 denied deny VBN 5180 802 73 access access NN 5180 802 74 to to IN 5180 802 75 information information NN 5180 802 76 . . . 5180 803 1 At at IN 5180 803 2 all all DT 5180 803 3 events event NNS 5180 803 4 , , , 5180 803 5 there there EX 5180 803 6 is be VBZ 5180 803 7 no no DT 5180 803 8 doubt doubt NN 5180 803 9 that that IN 5180 803 10 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 803 11 's 's POS 5180 803 12 estimated estimated JJ 5180 803 13 rates rate NNS 5180 803 14 of of IN 5180 803 15 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 803 16 , , , 5180 803 17 which which WDT 5180 803 18 are be VBP 5180 803 19 based base VBN 5180 803 20 on on IN 5180 803 21 the the DT 5180 803 22 filtering filtering NN 5180 803 23 companies company NNS 5180 803 24 ' ' POS 5180 803 25 own own JJ 5180 803 26 category category NN 5180 803 27 definitions definition NNS 5180 803 28 , , , 5180 803 29 significantly significantly RB 5180 803 30 understate understate VBP 5180 803 31 the the DT 5180 803 32 rate rate NN 5180 803 33 of of IN 5180 803 34 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 803 35 with with IN 5180 803 36 respect respect NN 5180 803 37 to to IN 5180 803 38 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 803 39 's 's POS 5180 803 40 category category NN 5180 803 41 definitions definition NNS 5180 803 42 for for IN 5180 803 43 filtering filter VBG 5180 803 44 for for IN 5180 803 45 adults adult NNS 5180 803 46 . . . 5180 804 1 The the DT 5180 804 2 filters filter NNS 5180 804 3 used use VBN 5180 804 4 in in IN 5180 804 5 the the DT 5180 804 6 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 804 7 , , , 5180 804 8 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 804 9 , , , 5180 804 10 and and CC 5180 804 11 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 804 12 libraries library NNS 5180 804 13 were be VBD 5180 804 14 configured configure VBN 5180 804 15 to to TO 5180 804 16 block block VB 5180 804 17 , , , 5180 804 18 among among IN 5180 804 19 other other JJ 5180 804 20 things thing NNS 5180 804 21 , , , 5180 804 22 images image NNS 5180 804 23 of of IN 5180 804 24 full full JJ 5180 804 25 nudity nudity NN 5180 804 26 and and CC 5180 804 27 sexually sexually RB 5180 804 28 explicit explicit JJ 5180 804 29 materials material NNS 5180 804 30 . . . 5180 805 1 There there EX 5180 805 2 is be VBZ 5180 805 3 no no DT 5180 805 4 dispute dispute NN 5180 805 5 , , , 5180 805 6 however however RB 5180 805 7 , , , 5180 805 8 that that IN 5180 805 9 these these DT 5180 805 10 categories category NNS 5180 805 11 are be VBP 5180 805 12 far far RB 5180 805 13 broader broad JJR 5180 805 14 than than IN 5180 805 15 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 805 16 's 's POS 5180 805 17 categories category NNS 5180 805 18 of of IN 5180 805 19 visual visual JJ 5180 805 20 depictions depiction NNS 5180 805 21 that that WDT 5180 805 22 are be VBP 5180 805 23 obscene obscene JJ 5180 805 24 , , , 5180 805 25 or or CC 5180 805 26 child child NN 5180 805 27 pornography pornography NN 5180 805 28 , , , 5180 805 29 the the DT 5180 805 30 two two CD 5180 805 31 categories category NNS 5180 805 32 of of IN 5180 805 33 material material NN 5180 805 34 that that WDT 5180 805 35 libraries librarie VBZ 5180 805 36 subject subject JJ 5180 805 37 to to IN 5180 805 38 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 805 39 must must MD 5180 805 40 certify certify VB 5180 805 41 that that IN 5180 805 42 they -PRON- PRP 5180 805 43 filter filter VBP 5180 805 44 during during IN 5180 805 45 adults adult NNS 5180 805 46 ' ' POS 5180 805 47 use use NN 5180 805 48 of of IN 5180 805 49 the the DT 5180 805 50 Internet internet NN 5180 805 51 . . . 5180 806 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 806 2 's 's POS 5180 806 3 study study NN 5180 806 4 also also RB 5180 806 5 calculated calculate VBD 5180 806 6 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 806 7 rates rate NNS 5180 806 8 with with IN 5180 806 9 respect respect NN 5180 806 10 to to IN 5180 806 11 the the DT 5180 806 12 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 806 13 and and CC 5180 806 14 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 806 15 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 806 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 806 17 both both DT 5180 806 18 of of IN 5180 806 19 which which WDT 5180 806 20 logged log VBD 5180 806 21 not not RB 5180 806 22 only only RB 5180 806 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 806 24 blocked block VBN 5180 806 25 sites site NNS 5180 806 26 , , , 5180 806 27 but but CC 5180 806 28 all all DT 5180 806 29 sites site NNS 5180 806 30 visited visit VBN 5180 806 31 by by IN 5180 806 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 806 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 806 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 806 35 , , , 5180 806 36 by by IN 5180 806 37 taking take VBG 5180 806 38 random random JJ 5180 806 39 samples sample NNS 5180 806 40 of of IN 5180 806 41 URLs url NNS 5180 806 42 from from IN 5180 806 43 the the DT 5180 806 44 list list NN 5180 806 45 of of IN 5180 806 46 sites site NNS 5180 806 47 that that WDT 5180 806 48 were be VBD 5180 806 49 not not RB 5180 806 50 blocked block VBN 5180 806 51 . . . 5180 807 1 The the DT 5180 807 2 study study NN 5180 807 3 used use VBD 5180 807 4 a a DT 5180 807 5 sample sample NN 5180 807 6 of of IN 5180 807 7 159 159 CD 5180 807 8 sites site NNS 5180 807 9 that that WDT 5180 807 10 were be VBD 5180 807 11 accessed access VBN 5180 807 12 by by IN 5180 807 13 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 807 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 807 15 and and CC 5180 807 16 determined determine VBD 5180 807 17 that that IN 5180 807 18 only only RB 5180 807 19 one one CD 5180 807 20 of of IN 5180 807 21 them -PRON- PRP 5180 807 22 should should MD 5180 807 23 have have VB 5180 807 24 been be VBN 5180 807 25 blocked block VBN 5180 807 26 under under IN 5180 807 27 the the DT 5180 807 28 software software NN 5180 807 29 's 's POS 5180 807 30 category category NN 5180 807 31 definitions definition NNS 5180 807 32 , , , 5180 807 33 yielding yield VBG 5180 807 34 an an DT 5180 807 35 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 807 36 rate rate NN 5180 807 37 of of IN 5180 807 38 0.6 0.6 CD 5180 807 39 % % NN 5180 807 40 . . . 5180 808 1 Given give VBN 5180 808 2 the the DT 5180 808 3 size size NN 5180 808 4 of of IN 5180 808 5 the the DT 5180 808 6 sample sample NN 5180 808 7 , , , 5180 808 8 the the DT 5180 808 9 95 95 CD 5180 808 10 % % NN 5180 808 11 confidence confidence NN 5180 808 12 interval interval NN 5180 808 13 is be VBZ 5180 808 14 0 0 CD 5180 808 15 % % NN 5180 808 16 to to TO 5180 808 17 1.86 1.86 CD 5180 808 18 % % NN 5180 808 19 . . . 5180 809 1 The the DT 5180 809 2 study study NN 5180 809 3 examined examine VBD 5180 809 4 a a DT 5180 809 5 sample sample NN 5180 809 6 of of IN 5180 809 7 254 254 CD 5180 809 8 Web web NN 5180 809 9 sites site NNS 5180 809 10 accessed access VBN 5180 809 11 by by IN 5180 809 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 809 13 in in IN 5180 809 14 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 809 15 and and CC 5180 809 16 found find VBD 5180 809 17 that that IN 5180 809 18 three three CD 5180 809 19 of of IN 5180 809 20 them -PRON- PRP 5180 809 21 should should MD 5180 809 22 have have VB 5180 809 23 been be VBN 5180 809 24 blocked block VBN 5180 809 25 under under IN 5180 809 26 the the DT 5180 809 27 filtering filter VBG 5180 809 28 software software NN 5180 809 29 's 's POS 5180 809 30 category category NN 5180 809 31 definitions definition NNS 5180 809 32 . . . 5180 810 1 This this DT 5180 810 2 results result VBZ 5180 810 3 in in IN 5180 810 4 an an DT 5180 810 5 estimated estimate VBN 5180 810 6 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 810 7 rate rate NN 5180 810 8 of of IN 5180 810 9 1.2 1.2 CD 5180 810 10 % % NN 5180 810 11 with with IN 5180 810 12 a a DT 5180 810 13 95 95 CD 5180 810 14 % % NN 5180 810 15 confidence confidence NN 5180 810 16 interval interval NN 5180 810 17 ranging range VBG 5180 810 18 from from IN 5180 810 19 0 0 CD 5180 810 20 % % NN 5180 810 21 to to TO 5180 810 22 2.51 2.51 CD 5180 810 23 % % NN 5180 810 24 . . . 5180 811 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 811 2 do do VBP 5180 811 3 not not RB 5180 811 4 credit credit VB 5180 811 5 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 811 6 's 's POS 5180 811 7 estimates estimate NNS 5180 811 8 of of IN 5180 811 9 the the DT 5180 811 10 rates rate NNS 5180 811 11 of of IN 5180 811 12 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 811 13 in in IN 5180 811 14 the the DT 5180 811 15 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 811 16 and and CC 5180 811 17 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 811 18 public public JJ 5180 811 19 libraries library NNS 5180 811 20 for for IN 5180 811 21 several several JJ 5180 811 22 reasons reason NNS 5180 811 23 . . . 5180 812 1 First first RB 5180 812 2 , , , 5180 812 3 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 812 4 's 's POS 5180 812 5 estimates estimate NNS 5180 812 6 likely likely RB 5180 812 7 understate understate VBP 5180 812 8 the the DT 5180 812 9 actual actual JJ 5180 812 10 rate rate NN 5180 812 11 of of IN 5180 812 12 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 812 13 because because IN 5180 812 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 812 15 , , , 5180 812 16 who who WP 5180 812 17 knew know VBD 5180 812 18 that that IN 5180 812 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 812 20 programs program NNS 5180 812 21 were be VBD 5180 812 22 operating operate VBG 5180 812 23 in in IN 5180 812 24 the the DT 5180 812 25 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 812 26 and and CC 5180 812 27 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 812 28 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 812 29 , , , 5180 812 30 may may MD 5180 812 31 have have VB 5180 812 32 refrained refrain VBN 5180 812 33 from from IN 5180 812 34 attempting attempt VBG 5180 812 35 to to TO 5180 812 36 access access VB 5180 812 37 sites site NNS 5180 812 38 with with IN 5180 812 39 sexually sexually RB 5180 812 40 explicit explicit JJ 5180 812 41 materials material NNS 5180 812 42 , , , 5180 812 43 or or CC 5180 812 44 other other JJ 5180 812 45 contents content NNS 5180 812 46 that that IN 5180 812 47 they -PRON- PRP 5180 812 48 knew know VBD 5180 812 49 would would MD 5180 812 50 probably probably RB 5180 812 51 meet meet VB 5180 812 52 a a DT 5180 812 53 filtering filter VBG 5180 812 54 program program NN 5180 812 55 's 's POS 5180 812 56 blocked block VBN 5180 812 57 categories category NNS 5180 812 58 . . . 5180 813 1 Second second JJ 5180 813 2 , , , 5180 813 3 and and CC 5180 813 4 most most RBS 5180 813 5 importantly importantly RB 5180 813 6 , , , 5180 813 7 we -PRON- PRP 5180 813 8 think think VBP 5180 813 9 that that IN 5180 813 10 the the DT 5180 813 11 formula formula NN 5180 813 12 that that WDT 5180 813 13 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 813 14 used use VBD 5180 813 15 to to TO 5180 813 16 calculate calculate VB 5180 813 17 the the DT 5180 813 18 rate rate NN 5180 813 19 of of IN 5180 813 20 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 813 21 in in IN 5180 813 22 these these DT 5180 813 23 two two CD 5180 813 24 libraries library NNS 5180 813 25 is be VBZ 5180 813 26 not not RB 5180 813 27 as as RB 5180 813 28 meaningful meaningful JJ 5180 813 29 as as IN 5180 813 30 the the DT 5180 813 31 formula formula NN 5180 813 32 that that WDT 5180 813 33 information information NN 5180 813 34 scientists scientist NNS 5180 813 35 typically typically RB 5180 813 36 use use VBP 5180 813 37 to to TO 5180 813 38 calculate calculate VB 5180 813 39 a a DT 5180 813 40 rate rate NN 5180 813 41 of of IN 5180 813 42 recall recall NN 5180 813 43 , , , 5180 813 44 which which WDT 5180 813 45 we -PRON- PRP 5180 813 46 describe describe VBP 5180 813 47 above above RB 5180 813 48 in in IN 5180 813 49 Subsection Subsection NNP 5180 813 50 II.E.3 II.E.3 NNP 5180 813 51 . . . 5180 814 1 As as IN 5180 814 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 814 3 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 814 4 explained explain VBD 5180 814 5 , , , 5180 814 6 the the DT 5180 814 7 standard standard JJ 5180 814 8 method method NN 5180 814 9 that that IN 5180 814 10 information information NN 5180 814 11 scientists scientist NNS 5180 814 12 use use VBP 5180 814 13 to to TO 5180 814 14 calculate calculate VB 5180 814 15 a a DT 5180 814 16 rate rate NN 5180 814 17 of of IN 5180 814 18 recall recall NN 5180 814 19 is be VBZ 5180 814 20 to to TO 5180 814 21 sort sort VB 5180 814 22 a a DT 5180 814 23 set set NN 5180 814 24 of of IN 5180 814 25 items item NNS 5180 814 26 into into IN 5180 814 27 two two CD 5180 814 28 groups group NNS 5180 814 29 , , , 5180 814 30 those those DT 5180 814 31 that that WDT 5180 814 32 fall fall VBP 5180 814 33 into into IN 5180 814 34 a a DT 5180 814 35 particular particular JJ 5180 814 36 category category NN 5180 814 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 814 38 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 814 39 , , , 5180 814 40 those those DT 5180 814 41 that that WDT 5180 814 42 should should MD 5180 814 43 have have VB 5180 814 44 been be VBN 5180 814 45 blocked block VBN 5180 814 46 by by IN 5180 814 47 a a DT 5180 814 48 filter filter NN 5180 814 49 ) ) -RRB- 5180 814 50 and and CC 5180 814 51 those those DT 5180 814 52 that that WDT 5180 814 53 do do VBP 5180 814 54 not not RB 5180 814 55 . . . 5180 815 1 The the DT 5180 815 2 rate rate NN 5180 815 3 of of IN 5180 815 4 recall recall NN 5180 815 5 is be VBZ 5180 815 6 then then RB 5180 815 7 calculated calculate VBN 5180 815 8 by by IN 5180 815 9 dividing divide VBG 5180 815 10 the the DT 5180 815 11 number number NN 5180 815 12 of of IN 5180 815 13 items item NNS 5180 815 14 that that WDT 5180 815 15 the the DT 5180 815 16 system system NN 5180 815 17 correctly correctly RB 5180 815 18 identified identify VBD 5180 815 19 as as IN 5180 815 20 belonging belong VBG 5180 815 21 to to IN 5180 815 22 the the DT 5180 815 23 category category NN 5180 815 24 by by IN 5180 815 25 the the DT 5180 815 26 total total JJ 5180 815 27 number number NN 5180 815 28 of of IN 5180 815 29 items item NNS 5180 815 30 in in IN 5180 815 31 the the DT 5180 815 32 category category NN 5180 815 33 . . . 5180 816 1 In in IN 5180 816 2 the the DT 5180 816 3 example example NN 5180 816 4 above above RB 5180 816 5 , , , 5180 816 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 816 7 discussed discuss VBD 5180 816 8 a a DT 5180 816 9 database database NN 5180 816 10 that that WDT 5180 816 11 contained contain VBD 5180 816 12 1000 1000 CD 5180 816 13 photographs photograph NNS 5180 816 14 . . . 5180 817 1 Assume assume VB 5180 817 2 that that IN 5180 817 3 200 200 CD 5180 817 4 of of IN 5180 817 5 these these DT 5180 817 6 photographs photograph NNS 5180 817 7 were be VBD 5180 817 8 pictures picture NNS 5180 817 9 of of IN 5180 817 10 dogs dog NNS 5180 817 11 . . . 5180 818 1 If if IN 5180 818 2 , , , 5180 818 3 for for IN 5180 818 4 example example NN 5180 818 5 , , , 5180 818 6 a a DT 5180 818 7 classification classification NN 5180 818 8 system system NN 5180 818 9 designed design VBN 5180 818 10 to to TO 5180 818 11 identify identify VB 5180 818 12 pictures picture NNS 5180 818 13 of of IN 5180 818 14 dogs dog NNS 5180 818 15 identified identify VBD 5180 818 16 80 80 CD 5180 818 17 of of IN 5180 818 18 the the DT 5180 818 19 dog dog NN 5180 818 20 pictures picture NNS 5180 818 21 and and CC 5180 818 22 failed fail VBD 5180 818 23 to to TO 5180 818 24 identify identify VB 5180 818 25 120 120 CD 5180 818 26 , , , 5180 818 27 it -PRON- PRP 5180 818 28 would would MD 5180 818 29 have have VB 5180 818 30 performed perform VBN 5180 818 31 with with IN 5180 818 32 a a DT 5180 818 33 recall recall NN 5180 818 34 rate rate NN 5180 818 35 of of IN 5180 818 36 40 40 CD 5180 818 37 % % NN 5180 818 38 . . . 5180 819 1 This this DT 5180 819 2 would would MD 5180 819 3 be be VB 5180 819 4 analogous analogous JJ 5180 819 5 to to IN 5180 819 6 a a DT 5180 819 7 filter filter NN 5180 819 8 that that WDT 5180 819 9 underblocked underblocke VBD 5180 819 10 at at IN 5180 819 11 a a DT 5180 819 12 rate rate NN 5180 819 13 of of IN 5180 819 14 60 60 CD 5180 819 15 % % NN 5180 819 16 . . . 5180 820 1 To to TO 5180 820 2 calculate calculate VB 5180 820 3 the the DT 5180 820 4 recall recall NN 5180 820 5 rate rate NN 5180 820 6 of of IN 5180 820 7 the the DT 5180 820 8 filters filter NNS 5180 820 9 in in IN 5180 820 10 the the DT 5180 820 11 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 820 12 and and CC 5180 820 13 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 820 14 public public JJ 5180 820 15 libraries library NNS 5180 820 16 in in IN 5180 820 17 accordance accordance NN 5180 820 18 with with IN 5180 820 19 the the DT 5180 820 20 standard standard JJ 5180 820 21 method method NN 5180 820 22 described describe VBN 5180 820 23 above above RB 5180 820 24 , , , 5180 820 25 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 820 26 should should MD 5180 820 27 have have VB 5180 820 28 taken take VBN 5180 820 29 a a DT 5180 820 30 sample sample NN 5180 820 31 of of IN 5180 820 32 sites site NNS 5180 820 33 from from IN 5180 820 34 the the DT 5180 820 35 libraries library NNS 5180 820 36 ' ' POS 5180 820 37 Internet internet NN 5180 820 38 use use NN 5180 820 39 logs log NNS 5180 820 40 ( ( -LRB- 5180 820 41 including include VBG 5180 820 42 both both DT 5180 820 43 sites site NNS 5180 820 44 that that WDT 5180 820 45 were be VBD 5180 820 46 blocked block VBN 5180 820 47 and and CC 5180 820 48 sites site NNS 5180 820 49 that that WDT 5180 820 50 were be VBD 5180 820 51 not not RB 5180 820 52 ) ) -RRB- 5180 820 53 , , , 5180 820 54 and and CC 5180 820 55 divided divide VBD 5180 820 56 the the DT 5180 820 57 number number NN 5180 820 58 of of IN 5180 820 59 sites site NNS 5180 820 60 in in IN 5180 820 61 the the DT 5180 820 62 sample sample NN 5180 820 63 that that WDT 5180 820 64 the the DT 5180 820 65 filter filter NN 5180 820 66 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 820 67 failed fail VBD 5180 820 68 to to TO 5180 820 69 block block VB 5180 820 70 by by IN 5180 820 71 the the DT 5180 820 72 total total JJ 5180 820 73 number number NN 5180 820 74 of of IN 5180 820 75 sites site NNS 5180 820 76 in in IN 5180 820 77 the the DT 5180 820 78 sample sample NN 5180 820 79 that that WDT 5180 820 80 should should MD 5180 820 81 have have VB 5180 820 82 been be VBN 5180 820 83 blocked block VBN 5180 820 84 . . . 5180 821 1 What what WP 5180 821 2 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 821 3 did do VBD 5180 821 4 instead instead RB 5180 821 5 was be VBD 5180 821 6 to to TO 5180 821 7 take take VB 5180 821 8 a a DT 5180 821 9 sample sample NN 5180 821 10 of of IN 5180 821 11 sites site NNS 5180 821 12 that that WDT 5180 821 13 were be VBD 5180 821 14 not not RB 5180 821 15 blocked block VBN 5180 821 16 , , , 5180 821 17 and and CC 5180 821 18 divide divide VB 5180 821 19 the the DT 5180 821 20 total total JJ 5180 821 21 number number NN 5180 821 22 of of IN 5180 821 23 sites site NNS 5180 821 24 in in IN 5180 821 25 this this DT 5180 821 26 sample sample NN 5180 821 27 by by IN 5180 821 28 the the DT 5180 821 29 number number NN 5180 821 30 of of IN 5180 821 31 sites site NNS 5180 821 32 in in IN 5180 821 33 the the DT 5180 821 34 sample sample NN 5180 821 35 that that WDT 5180 821 36 should should MD 5180 821 37 have have VB 5180 821 38 been be VBN 5180 821 39 blocked block VBN 5180 821 40 . . . 5180 822 1 This this DT 5180 822 2 made make VBD 5180 822 3 the the DT 5180 822 4 denominator denominator NN 5180 822 5 that that WDT 5180 822 6 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 822 7 used use VBD 5180 822 8 much much RB 5180 822 9 larger large JJR 5180 822 10 than than IN 5180 822 11 it -PRON- PRP 5180 822 12 would would MD 5180 822 13 have have VB 5180 822 14 been be VBN 5180 822 15 had have VBN 5180 822 16 he -PRON- PRP 5180 822 17 used use VBN 5180 822 18 the the DT 5180 822 19 standard standard JJ 5180 822 20 method method NN 5180 822 21 for for IN 5180 822 22 calculating calculate VBG 5180 822 23 recall recall NN 5180 822 24 , , , 5180 822 25 consequently consequently RB 5180 822 26 making make VBG 5180 822 27 the the DT 5180 822 28 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 822 29 rate rate NN 5180 822 30 that that WDT 5180 822 31 he -PRON- PRP 5180 822 32 calculated calculate VBD 5180 822 33 much much RB 5180 822 34 lower low JJR 5180 822 35 than than IN 5180 822 36 it -PRON- PRP 5180 822 37 would would MD 5180 822 38 have have VB 5180 822 39 been be VBN 5180 822 40 under under IN 5180 822 41 the the DT 5180 822 42 standard standard JJ 5180 822 43 method method NN 5180 822 44 . . . 5180 823 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 823 2 , , , 5180 823 3 despite despite IN 5180 823 4 the the DT 5180 823 5 relatively relatively RB 5180 823 6 low low JJ 5180 823 7 rates rate NNS 5180 823 8 of of IN 5180 823 9 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 823 10 that that IN 5180 823 11 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 823 12 's 's POS 5180 823 13 study study NN 5180 823 14 found find VBD 5180 823 15 , , , 5180 823 16 librarians librarian NNS 5180 823 17 from from IN 5180 823 18 several several JJ 5180 823 19 of of IN 5180 823 20 the the DT 5180 823 21 libraries library NNS 5180 823 22 proffered proffer VBN 5180 823 23 by by IN 5180 823 24 defendants defendant NNS 5180 823 25 that that WDT 5180 823 26 use use VBP 5180 823 27 blocking blocking NN 5180 823 28 products product NNS 5180 823 29 , , , 5180 823 30 including include VBG 5180 823 31 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 823 32 , , , 5180 823 33 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 823 34 , , , 5180 823 35 and and CC 5180 823 36 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 823 37 , , , 5180 823 38 testified testify VBD 5180 823 39 that that IN 5180 823 40 there there EX 5180 823 41 are be VBP 5180 823 42 instances instance NNS 5180 823 43 of of IN 5180 823 44 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 823 45 in in IN 5180 823 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 823 47 libraries library NNS 5180 823 48 . . . 5180 824 1 No no DT 5180 824 2 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 824 3 evidence evidence NN 5180 824 4 was be VBD 5180 824 5 presented present VBN 5180 824 6 comparing compare VBG 5180 824 7 the the DT 5180 824 8 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 824 9 of of IN 5180 824 10 filters filter NNS 5180 824 11 and and CC 5180 824 12 other other JJ 5180 824 13 alternative alternative JJ 5180 824 14 methods method NNS 5180 824 15 used use VBN 5180 824 16 by by IN 5180 824 17 libraries library NNS 5180 824 18 to to TO 5180 824 19 prevent prevent VB 5180 824 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 824 21 from from IN 5180 824 22 accessing access VBG 5180 824 23 visual visual JJ 5180 824 24 depictions depiction NNS 5180 824 25 that that WDT 5180 824 26 are be VBP 5180 824 27 obscene obscene JJ 5180 824 28 , , , 5180 824 29 child child NN 5180 824 30 pornography pornography NN 5180 824 31 , , , 5180 824 32 or or CC 5180 824 33 in in IN 5180 824 34 the the DT 5180 824 35 case case NN 5180 824 36 of of IN 5180 824 37 minors minor NNS 5180 824 38 , , , 5180 824 39 harmful harmful JJ 5180 824 40 to to IN 5180 824 41 minors minor NNS 5180 824 42 . . . 5180 825 1 Biek Biek NNP 5180 825 2 undertook undertake VBD 5180 825 3 a a DT 5180 825 4 similar similar JJ 5180 825 5 study study NN 5180 825 6 of of IN 5180 825 7 the the DT 5180 825 8 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 825 9 rates rate NNS 5180 825 10 that that WDT 5180 825 11 result result VBP 5180 825 12 from from IN 5180 825 13 the the DT 5180 825 14 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 825 15 Library Library NNP 5180 825 16 's 's POS 5180 825 17 use use NN 5180 825 18 of of IN 5180 825 19 the the DT 5180 825 20 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 825 21 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 825 22 software software NN 5180 825 23 . . . 5180 826 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 826 2 began begin VBD 5180 826 3 with with IN 5180 826 4 the the DT 5180 826 5 3,733 3,733 CD 5180 826 6 individual individual JJ 5180 826 7 blocks block NNS 5180 826 8 that that WDT 5180 826 9 occurred occur VBD 5180 826 10 in in IN 5180 826 11 the the DT 5180 826 12 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 826 13 Library Library NNP 5180 826 14 in in IN 5180 826 15 October October NNP 5180 826 16 2000 2000 CD 5180 826 17 and and CC 5180 826 18 drew draw VBD 5180 826 19 from from IN 5180 826 20 this this DT 5180 826 21 data data NN 5180 826 22 set set VBD 5180 826 23 a a DT 5180 826 24 random random JJ 5180 826 25 sample sample NN 5180 826 26 of of IN 5180 826 27 786 786 CD 5180 826 28 URLs url NNS 5180 826 29 . . . 5180 827 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 827 2 calculated calculate VBD 5180 827 3 two two CD 5180 827 4 rates rate NNS 5180 827 5 of of IN 5180 827 6 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 827 7 , , , 5180 827 8 one one CD 5180 827 9 with with IN 5180 827 10 respect respect NN 5180 827 11 to to IN 5180 827 12 the the DT 5180 827 13 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 827 14 Library Library NNP 5180 827 15 's 's POS 5180 827 16 policy policy NN 5180 827 17 on on IN 5180 827 18 Internet internet NN 5180 827 19 use use NN 5180 827 20 – – : 5180 827 21 that that IN 5180 827 22 the the DT 5180 827 23 pictorial pictorial JJ 5180 827 24 content content NN 5180 827 25 of of IN 5180 827 26 the the DT 5180 827 27 site site NN 5180 827 28 may may MD 5180 827 29 not not RB 5180 827 30 include include VB 5180 827 31 " " `` 5180 827 32 graphic graphic JJ 5180 827 33 materials material NNS 5180 827 34 depicting depict VBG 5180 827 35 full full JJ 5180 827 36 nudity nudity NN 5180 827 37 and and CC 5180 827 38 sexual sexual JJ 5180 827 39 acts act NNS 5180 827 40 which which WDT 5180 827 41 are be VBP 5180 827 42 portrayed portray VBN 5180 827 43 obviously obviously RB 5180 827 44 and and CC 5180 827 45 exclusively exclusively RB 5180 827 46 for for IN 5180 827 47 sensational sensational JJ 5180 827 48 or or CC 5180 827 49 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 827 50 purposes purpose NNS 5180 827 51 " " '' 5180 827 52 – – : 5180 827 53 and and CC 5180 827 54 the the DT 5180 827 55 other other JJ 5180 827 56 with with IN 5180 827 57 respect respect NN 5180 827 58 to to IN 5180 827 59 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 827 60 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 827 61 's 's POS 5180 827 62 own own JJ 5180 827 63 category category NN 5180 827 64 definitions definition NNS 5180 827 65 . . . 5180 828 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 828 2 estimated estimate VBD 5180 828 3 that that IN 5180 828 4 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 828 5 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 828 6 overblocked overblocke VBD 5180 828 7 4 4 CD 5180 828 8 % % NN 5180 828 9 of of IN 5180 828 10 all all DT 5180 828 11 Web web NN 5180 828 12 pages page NNS 5180 828 13 in in IN 5180 828 14 October October NNP 5180 828 15 2000 2000 CD 5180 828 16 with with IN 5180 828 17 respect respect NN 5180 828 18 to to IN 5180 828 19 the the DT 5180 828 20 definitions definition NNS 5180 828 21 of of IN 5180 828 22 the the DT 5180 828 23 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 828 24 Library Library NNP 5180 828 25 's 's POS 5180 828 26 Internet Internet NNP 5180 828 27 Policy Policy NNP 5180 828 28 and and CC 5180 828 29 2 2 CD 5180 828 30 % % NN 5180 828 31 of of IN 5180 828 32 all all DT 5180 828 33 pages page NNS 5180 828 34 with with IN 5180 828 35 respect respect NN 5180 828 36 to to IN 5180 828 37 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 828 38 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 828 39 's 's POS 5180 828 40 own own JJ 5180 828 41 category category NN 5180 828 42 definitions definition NNS 5180 828 43 . . . 5180 829 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 829 2 is be VBZ 5180 829 3 difficult difficult JJ 5180 829 4 to to TO 5180 829 5 determine determine VB 5180 829 6 how how WRB 5180 829 7 reliable reliable JJ 5180 829 8 Biek Biek NNP 5180 829 9 's 's POS 5180 829 10 conclusions conclusion NNS 5180 829 11 are be VBP 5180 829 12 , , , 5180 829 13 because because IN 5180 829 14 he -PRON- PRP 5180 829 15 did do VBD 5180 829 16 not not RB 5180 829 17 keep keep VB 5180 829 18 records record NNS 5180 829 19 of of IN 5180 829 20 the the DT 5180 829 21 raw raw JJ 5180 829 22 data datum NNS 5180 829 23 that that WDT 5180 829 24 he -PRON- PRP 5180 829 25 used use VBD 5180 829 26 in in IN 5180 829 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 829 28 study study NN 5180 829 29 ; ; : 5180 829 30 nor nor CC 5180 829 31 did do VBD 5180 829 32 he -PRON- PRP 5180 829 33 archive archive JJ 5180 829 34 images image NNS 5180 829 35 of of IN 5180 829 36 the the DT 5180 829 37 Web web NN 5180 829 38 pages page NNS 5180 829 39 as as IN 5180 829 40 they -PRON- PRP 5180 829 41 looked look VBD 5180 829 42 when when WRB 5180 829 43 he -PRON- PRP 5180 829 44 made make VBD 5180 829 45 the the DT 5180 829 46 determination determination NN 5180 829 47 whether whether IN 5180 829 48 they -PRON- PRP 5180 829 49 were be VBD 5180 829 50 properly properly RB 5180 829 51 classified classify VBN 5180 829 52 by by IN 5180 829 53 the the DT 5180 829 54 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 829 55 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 829 56 program program NN 5180 829 57 . . . 5180 830 1 Without without IN 5180 830 2 this this DT 5180 830 3 information information NN 5180 830 4 , , , 5180 830 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 830 6 is be VBZ 5180 830 7 impossible impossible JJ 5180 830 8 to to TO 5180 830 9 verify verify VB 5180 830 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 830 11 conclusions conclusion NNS 5180 830 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 830 13 or or CC 5180 830 14 to to TO 5180 830 15 undermine undermine VB 5180 830 16 them -PRON- PRP 5180 830 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 830 18 . . . 5180 831 1 And and CC 5180 831 2 Biek Biek NNP 5180 831 3 's 's POS 5180 831 4 study study NN 5180 831 5 certainly certainly RB 5180 831 6 understates understate VBZ 5180 831 7 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 831 8 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 831 9 's 's POS 5180 831 10 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 831 11 rate rate NN 5180 831 12 for for IN 5180 831 13 some some DT 5180 831 14 of of IN 5180 831 15 the the DT 5180 831 16 same same JJ 5180 831 17 reasons reason NNS 5180 831 18 that that WDT 5180 831 19 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 831 20 's 's POS 5180 831 21 study study NN 5180 831 22 likely likely RB 5180 831 23 understates understate VBZ 5180 831 24 the the DT 5180 831 25 true true JJ 5180 831 26 rates rate NNS 5180 831 27 of of IN 5180 831 28 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 831 29 used use VBN 5180 831 30 in in IN 5180 831 31 the the DT 5180 831 32 libraries library NNS 5180 831 33 that that WDT 5180 831 34 he -PRON- PRP 5180 831 35 studied study VBD 5180 831 36 . . . 5180 832 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 832 2 also also RB 5180 832 3 note note VBP 5180 832 4 that that IN 5180 832 5 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 832 6 's 's POS 5180 832 7 study study NN 5180 832 8 , , , 5180 832 9 which which WDT 5180 832 10 analyzed analyze VBD 5180 832 11 a a DT 5180 832 12 set set NN 5180 832 13 of of IN 5180 832 14 Internet internet NN 5180 832 15 logs log VBZ 5180 832 16 from from IN 5180 832 17 the the DT 5180 832 18 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 832 19 Library Library NNP 5180 832 20 during during IN 5180 832 21 which which WDT 5180 832 22 the the DT 5180 832 23 same same JJ 5180 832 24 filtering filtering NN 5180 832 25 program program NN 5180 832 26 was be VBD 5180 832 27 operating operate VBG 5180 832 28 with with IN 5180 832 29 the the DT 5180 832 30 same same JJ 5180 832 31 set set NN 5180 832 32 of of IN 5180 832 33 blocking block VBG 5180 832 34 categories category NNS 5180 832 35 enabled enable VBD 5180 832 36 , , , 5180 832 37 found find VBD 5180 832 38 a a DT 5180 832 39 significantly significantly RB 5180 832 40 higher high JJR 5180 832 41 rate rate NN 5180 832 42 of of IN 5180 832 43 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 832 44 than than IN 5180 832 45 the the DT 5180 832 46 Biek Biek NNP 5180 832 47 study study NN 5180 832 48 did do VBD 5180 832 49 . . . 5180 833 1 Biek Biek NNP 5180 833 2 found find VBD 5180 833 3 a a DT 5180 833 4 rate rate NN 5180 833 5 of of IN 5180 833 6 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 833 7 of of IN 5180 833 8 approximately approximately RB 5180 833 9 2 2 CD 5180 833 10 % % NN 5180 833 11 while while IN 5180 833 12 the the DT 5180 833 13 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 833 14 study study NN 5180 833 15 estimated estimate VBD 5180 833 16 a a DT 5180 833 17 6.34 6.34 CD 5180 833 18 % % NN 5180 833 19 rate rate NN 5180 833 20 of of IN 5180 833 21 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 833 22 . . . 5180 834 1 At at IN 5180 834 2 all all DT 5180 834 3 events event NNS 5180 834 4 , , , 5180 834 5 the the DT 5180 834 6 category category NN 5180 834 7 definitions definition NNS 5180 834 8 employed employ VBN 5180 834 9 by by IN 5180 834 10 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 834 11 , , , 5180 834 12 at at IN 5180 834 13 least least JJS 5180 834 14 with with IN 5180 834 15 respect respect NN 5180 834 16 to to TO 5180 834 17 adult adult VB 5180 834 18 use use NN 5180 834 19 – – : 5180 834 20 visual visual JJ 5180 834 21 depictions depiction NNS 5180 834 22 that that WDT 5180 834 23 are be VBP 5180 834 24 obscene obscene JJ 5180 834 25 or or CC 5180 834 26 child child NN 5180 834 27 pornography pornography NN 5180 834 28 – – : 5180 834 29 are be VBP 5180 834 30 narrower narrow JJR 5180 834 31 than than IN 5180 834 32 the the DT 5180 834 33 materials material NNS 5180 834 34 prohibited prohibit VBN 5180 834 35 by by IN 5180 834 36 the the DT 5180 834 37 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 834 38 Library Library NNP 5180 834 39 policy policy NN 5180 834 40 , , , 5180 834 41 and and CC 5180 834 42 therefore therefore RB 5180 834 43 Biek Biek NNP 5180 834 44 's 's POS 5180 834 45 study study NN 5180 834 46 understates understate VBZ 5180 834 47 the the DT 5180 834 48 rate rate NN 5180 834 49 of of IN 5180 834 50 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 834 51 with with IN 5180 834 52 respect respect NN 5180 834 53 to to IN 5180 834 54 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 834 55 's 's POS 5180 834 56 definitions definition NNS 5180 834 57 for for IN 5180 834 58 adults adult NNS 5180 834 59 . . . 5180 835 1 In in IN 5180 835 2 sum sum NN 5180 835 3 , , , 5180 835 4 we -PRON- PRP 5180 835 5 think think VBP 5180 835 6 that that IN 5180 835 7 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 835 8 's 's POS 5180 835 9 study study NN 5180 835 10 , , , 5180 835 11 while while IN 5180 835 12 we -PRON- PRP 5180 835 13 do do VBP 5180 835 14 not not RB 5180 835 15 credit credit VB 5180 835 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 835 17 estimates estimate NNS 5180 835 18 of of IN 5180 835 19 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 835 20 , , , 5180 835 21 is be VBZ 5180 835 22 useful useful JJ 5180 835 23 because because IN 5180 835 24 it -PRON- PRP 5180 835 25 states state VBZ 5180 835 26 lower low JJR 5180 835 27 bounds bound NNS 5180 835 28 with with IN 5180 835 29 respect respect NN 5180 835 30 to to IN 5180 835 31 the the DT 5180 835 32 rates rate NNS 5180 835 33 of of IN 5180 835 34 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 835 35 that that WDT 5180 835 36 occurred occur VBD 5180 835 37 when when WRB 5180 835 38 the the DT 5180 835 39 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 835 40 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 835 41 , , , 5180 835 42 Websense Websense NNP 5180 835 43 , , , 5180 835 44 and and CC 5180 835 45 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 835 46 filters filter NNS 5180 835 47 were be VBD 5180 835 48 operating operate VBG 5180 835 49 in in IN 5180 835 50 public public JJ 5180 835 51 libraries library NNS 5180 835 52 . . . 5180 836 1 While while IN 5180 836 2 these these DT 5180 836 3 rates rate NNS 5180 836 4 are be VBP 5180 836 5 substantial substantial JJ 5180 836 6 – – : 5180 836 7 between between IN 5180 836 8 nearly nearly RB 5180 836 9 6 6 CD 5180 836 10 % % NN 5180 836 11 and and CC 5180 836 12 15 15 CD 5180 836 13 % % NN 5180 836 14 – – : 5180 836 15 we -PRON- PRP 5180 836 16 think think VBP 5180 836 17 , , , 5180 836 18 for for IN 5180 836 19 the the DT 5180 836 20 reasons reason NNS 5180 836 21 stated state VBN 5180 836 22 above above RB 5180 836 23 , , , 5180 836 24 that that IN 5180 836 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 836 26 greatly greatly RB 5180 836 27 understate understate VBP 5180 836 28 the the DT 5180 836 29 actual actual JJ 5180 836 30 rates rate NNS 5180 836 31 of of IN 5180 836 32 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 836 33 that that DT 5180 836 34 occurs occur VBZ 5180 836 35 , , , 5180 836 36 and and CC 5180 836 37 therefore therefore RB 5180 836 38 can can MD 5180 836 39 not not RB 5180 836 40 be be VB 5180 836 41 considered consider VBN 5180 836 42 as as IN 5180 836 43 anything anything NN 5180 836 44 more more JJR 5180 836 45 than than IN 5180 836 46 minimum minimum JJ 5180 836 47 estimates estimate NNS 5180 836 48 of of IN 5180 836 49 the the DT 5180 836 50 rates rate NNS 5180 836 51 of of IN 5180 836 52 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 836 53 that that WDT 5180 836 54 happens happen VBZ 5180 836 55 in in IN 5180 836 56 all all DT 5180 836 57 filtering filtering NN 5180 836 58 programs program NNS 5180 836 59 . . . 5180 837 1 5 5 CD 5180 837 2 . . . 5180 838 1 Methods method NNS 5180 838 2 of of IN 5180 838 3 Obtaining obtain VBG 5180 838 4 Examples Examples NNPS 5180 838 5 of of IN 5180 838 6 Erroneously erroneously RB 5180 838 7 Blocked block VBN 5180 838 8 Web web NN 5180 838 9 Sites site NNS 5180 838 10 The the DT 5180 838 11 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 838 12 assembled assemble VBD 5180 838 13 a a DT 5180 838 14 list list NN 5180 838 15 of of IN 5180 838 16 several several JJ 5180 838 17 thousand thousand CD 5180 838 18 Web web NN 5180 838 19 sites site NNS 5180 838 20 that that IN 5180 838 21 they -PRON- PRP 5180 838 22 contend contend VBP 5180 838 23 were be VBD 5180 838 24 , , , 5180 838 25 at at IN 5180 838 26 the the DT 5180 838 27 time time NN 5180 838 28 of of IN 5180 838 29 the the DT 5180 838 30 study study NN 5180 838 31 , , , 5180 838 32 likely likely JJ 5180 838 33 to to TO 5180 838 34 have have VB 5180 838 35 been be VBN 5180 838 36 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 838 37 blocked block VBN 5180 838 38 by by IN 5180 838 39 one one CD 5180 838 40 or or CC 5180 838 41 more more JJR 5180 838 42 of of IN 5180 838 43 four four CD 5180 838 44 major major JJ 5180 838 45 commercial commercial JJ 5180 838 46 filtering filtering NN 5180 838 47 programs program NNS 5180 838 48 : : : 5180 838 49 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 838 50 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 838 51 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 838 52 6.0.1.47 6.0.1.47 CD 5180 838 53 , , , 5180 838 54 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 838 55 Internet Internet NNP 5180 838 56 Filtering filter VBG 5180 838 57 2.0 2.0 CD 5180 838 58 , , , 5180 838 59 Secure Secure NNP 5180 838 60 Computing Computing NNP 5180 838 61 SmartFilter SmartFilter NNP 5180 838 62 3.0.0.01 3.0.0.01 CD 5180 838 63 , , , 5180 838 64 and and CC 5180 838 65 Websense Websense NNP 5180 838 66 Enterprise Enterprise NNP 5180 838 67 4.3.0 4.3.0 CD 5180 838 68 . . . 5180 839 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 839 2 compiled compile VBD 5180 839 3 this this DT 5180 839 4 list list NN 5180 839 5 using use VBG 5180 839 6 a a DT 5180 839 7 two two CD 5180 839 8 - - HYPH 5180 839 9 step step NN 5180 839 10 process process NN 5180 839 11 . . . 5180 840 1 First first RB 5180 840 2 , , , 5180 840 3 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 5180 840 4 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 840 5 , , , 5180 840 6 an an DT 5180 840 7 expert expert JJ 5180 840 8 witness witness NN 5180 840 9 who who WP 5180 840 10 testified testify VBD 5180 840 11 before before IN 5180 840 12 us -PRON- PRP 5180 840 13 , , , 5180 840 14 compiled compile VBD 5180 840 15 a a DT 5180 840 16 list list NN 5180 840 17 of of IN 5180 840 18 more more JJR 5180 840 19 than than IN 5180 840 20 500,000 500,000 CD 5180 840 21 URLs url NNS 5180 840 22 and and CC 5180 840 23 devised devise VBD 5180 840 24 a a DT 5180 840 25 program program NN 5180 840 26 to to TO 5180 840 27 feed feed VB 5180 840 28 them -PRON- PRP 5180 840 29 through through IN 5180 840 30 all all DT 5180 840 31 four four CD 5180 840 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 840 33 programs program NNS 5180 840 34 in in IN 5180 840 35 order order NN 5180 840 36 to to TO 5180 840 37 compile compile VB 5180 840 38 a a DT 5180 840 39 list list NN 5180 840 40 of of IN 5180 840 41 URLs url NNS 5180 840 42 that that WDT 5180 840 43 might may MD 5180 840 44 have have VB 5180 840 45 been be VBN 5180 840 46 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 840 47 blocked block VBN 5180 840 48 by by IN 5180 840 49 one one CD 5180 840 50 or or CC 5180 840 51 more more JJR 5180 840 52 of of IN 5180 840 53 the the DT 5180 840 54 programs program NNS 5180 840 55 . . . 5180 841 1 Second second JJ 5180 841 2 , , , 5180 841 3 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 841 4 forwarded forward VBD 5180 841 5 subsets subset NNS 5180 841 6 of of IN 5180 841 7 the the DT 5180 841 8 list list NN 5180 841 9 that that WDT 5180 841 10 he -PRON- PRP 5180 841 11 compiled compile VBD 5180 841 12 to to IN 5180 841 13 librarians librarian NNS 5180 841 14 and and CC 5180 841 15 professors professor NNS 5180 841 16 of of IN 5180 841 17 library library NN 5180 841 18 science science NN 5180 841 19 whom whom WP 5180 841 20 the the DT 5180 841 21 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 841 22 had have VBD 5180 841 23 hired hire VBN 5180 841 24 to to TO 5180 841 25 review review VB 5180 841 26 the the DT 5180 841 27 blocked block VBN 5180 841 28 sites site NNS 5180 841 29 for for IN 5180 841 30 suitability suitability NN 5180 841 31 in in IN 5180 841 32 the the DT 5180 841 33 public public JJ 5180 841 34 library library NN 5180 841 35 context context NN 5180 841 36 . . . 5180 842 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 842 2 assembled assemble VBD 5180 842 3 the the DT 5180 842 4 list list NN 5180 842 5 of of IN 5180 842 6 URLs url NNS 5180 842 7 by by IN 5180 842 8 compiling compile VBG 5180 842 9 Web web NN 5180 842 10 pages page NNS 5180 842 11 that that WDT 5180 842 12 were be VBD 5180 842 13 blocked block VBN 5180 842 14 by by IN 5180 842 15 the the DT 5180 842 16 following follow VBG 5180 842 17 categories category NNS 5180 842 18 in in IN 5180 842 19 the the DT 5180 842 20 four four CD 5180 842 21 programs program NNS 5180 842 22 : : : 5180 842 23 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 842 24 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 842 25 : : : 5180 842 26 Adult adult NN 5180 842 27 / / SYM 5180 842 28 Sexually sexually RB 5180 842 29 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 842 30 ; ; : 5180 842 31 N2H2 n2h2 NN 5180 842 32 : : : 5180 842 33 Adults Adults NNP 5180 842 34 Only only RB 5180 842 35 , , , 5180 842 36 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 842 37 , , , 5180 842 38 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 842 39 , , , 5180 842 40 and and CC 5180 842 41 Sex sex NN 5180 842 42 , , , 5180 842 43 with with IN 5180 842 44 " " `` 5180 842 45 exceptions exception NNS 5180 842 46 " " '' 5180 842 47 engaged engage VBN 5180 842 48 in in IN 5180 842 49 the the DT 5180 842 50 categories category NNS 5180 842 51 of of IN 5180 842 52 Education Education NNP 5180 842 53 , , , 5180 842 54 For for IN 5180 842 55 Kids Kids NNPS 5180 842 56 , , , 5180 842 57 History history NN 5180 842 58 , , , 5180 842 59 Medical Medical NNP 5180 842 60 , , , 5180 842 61 Moderated Moderated NNP 5180 842 62 , , , 5180 842 63 and and CC 5180 842 64 Text Text NNP 5180 842 65 / / SYM 5180 842 66 Spoken Spoken NNP 5180 842 67 Only only RB 5180 842 68 ; ; : 5180 842 69 SmartFilter SmartFilter NNP 5180 842 70 : : : 5180 842 71 Sex sex NN 5180 842 72 , , , 5180 842 73 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 842 74 , , , 5180 842 75 Mature Mature NNP 5180 842 76 , , , 5180 842 77 and and CC 5180 842 78 Extreme Extreme NNP 5180 842 79 ; ; : 5180 842 80 Websense websense NN 5180 842 81 : : : 5180 842 82 Adult Adult NNP 5180 842 83 Content Content NNP 5180 842 84 , , , 5180 842 85 Nudity nudity NN 5180 842 86 , , , 5180 842 87 and and CC 5180 842 88 Sex sex NN 5180 842 89 . . . 5180 843 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 843 2 then then RB 5180 843 3 assembled assemble VBD 5180 843 4 a a DT 5180 843 5 database database NN 5180 843 6 of of IN 5180 843 7 Web web NN 5180 843 8 sites site NNS 5180 843 9 for for IN 5180 843 10 possible possible JJ 5180 843 11 testing testing NN 5180 843 12 . . . 5180 844 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 844 2 derived derive VBD 5180 844 3 this this DT 5180 844 4 list list NN 5180 844 5 by by IN 5180 844 6 automatically automatically RB 5180 844 7 compiling compile VBG 5180 844 8 URLs url NNS 5180 844 9 from from IN 5180 844 10 the the DT 5180 844 11 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 844 12 index index NN 5180 844 13 of of IN 5180 844 14 Web web NN 5180 844 15 sites site NNS 5180 844 16 , , , 5180 844 17 taking take VBG 5180 844 18 them -PRON- PRP 5180 844 19 from from IN 5180 844 20 categories category NNS 5180 844 21 from from IN 5180 844 22 the the DT 5180 844 23 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 844 24 index index NN 5180 844 25 that that WDT 5180 844 26 differed differ VBD 5180 844 27 significantly significantly RB 5180 844 28 from from IN 5180 844 29 the the DT 5180 844 30 classifications classification NNS 5180 844 31 that that WDT 5180 844 32 he -PRON- PRP 5180 844 33 had have VBD 5180 844 34 enabled enable VBN 5180 844 35 in in IN 5180 844 36 each each DT 5180 844 37 of of IN 5180 844 38 the the DT 5180 844 39 blocking blocking NN 5180 844 40 programs program NNS 5180 844 41 ( ( -LRB- 5180 844 42 taking take VBG 5180 844 43 , , , 5180 844 44 for for IN 5180 844 45 example example NN 5180 844 46 , , , 5180 844 47 Web web NN 5180 844 48 sites site NNS 5180 844 49 from from IN 5180 844 50 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 844 51 's 's POS 5180 844 52 " " `` 5180 844 53 Government Government NNP 5180 844 54 " " '' 5180 844 55 category category NN 5180 844 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 844 57 . . . 5180 845 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 845 2 then then RB 5180 845 3 expanded expand VBD 5180 845 4 this this DT 5180 845 5 list list NN 5180 845 6 by by IN 5180 845 7 entering enter VBG 5180 845 8 URLs URLs NNPS 5180 845 9 taken take VBN 5180 845 10 from from IN 5180 845 11 the the DT 5180 845 12 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 845 13 index index NN 5180 845 14 into into IN 5180 845 15 the the DT 5180 845 16 Google Google NNP 5180 845 17 search search NN 5180 845 18 engine engine NN 5180 845 19 's 's POS 5180 845 20 " " `` 5180 845 21 related related JJ 5180 845 22 " " '' 5180 845 23 search search NN 5180 845 24 function function NN 5180 845 25 , , , 5180 845 26 which which WDT 5180 845 27 provides provide VBZ 5180 845 28 the the DT 5180 845 29 user user NN 5180 845 30 with with IN 5180 845 31 a a DT 5180 845 32 list list NN 5180 845 33 of of IN 5180 845 34 similar similar JJ 5180 845 35 sites site NNS 5180 845 36 . . . 5180 846 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 846 2 also also RB 5180 846 3 included include VBD 5180 846 4 and and CC 5180 846 5 excluded exclude VBN 5180 846 6 specific specific JJ 5180 846 7 Web web NN 5180 846 8 sites site NNS 5180 846 9 at at IN 5180 846 10 the the DT 5180 846 11 request request NN 5180 846 12 of of IN 5180 846 13 the the DT 5180 846 14 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 846 15 ' ' POS 5180 846 16 counsel counsel NN 5180 846 17 . . . 5180 847 1 Taking take VBG 5180 847 2 the the DT 5180 847 3 list list NN 5180 847 4 of of IN 5180 847 5 more more JJR 5180 847 6 than than IN 5180 847 7 500,000 500,000 CD 5180 847 8 URLs url NNS 5180 847 9 that that IN 5180 847 10 he -PRON- PRP 5180 847 11 had have VBD 5180 847 12 compiled compile VBN 5180 847 13 , , , 5180 847 14 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 847 15 used use VBD 5180 847 16 an an DT 5180 847 17 automated automated JJ 5180 847 18 system system NN 5180 847 19 that that IN 5180 847 20 he -PRON- PRP 5180 847 21 had have VBD 5180 847 22 developed develop VBN 5180 847 23 to to TO 5180 847 24 test test VB 5180 847 25 whether whether IN 5180 847 26 particular particular JJ 5180 847 27 URLs url NNS 5180 847 28 were be VBD 5180 847 29 blocked block VBN 5180 847 30 by by IN 5180 847 31 each each DT 5180 847 32 of of IN 5180 847 33 the the DT 5180 847 34 four four CD 5180 847 35 filtering filter VBG 5180 847 36 programs program NNS 5180 847 37 . . . 5180 848 1 This this DT 5180 848 2 testing testing NN 5180 848 3 took take VBD 5180 848 4 place place NN 5180 848 5 between between IN 5180 848 6 February February NNP 5180 848 7 and and CC 5180 848 8 October October NNP 5180 848 9 2001 2001 CD 5180 848 10 . . . 5180 849 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 849 2 recorded record VBD 5180 849 3 the the DT 5180 849 4 specific specific JJ 5180 849 5 dates date NNS 5180 849 6 on on IN 5180 849 7 which which WDT 5180 849 8 particular particular JJ 5180 849 9 sites site NNS 5180 849 10 were be VBD 5180 849 11 blocked block VBN 5180 849 12 by by IN 5180 849 13 particular particular JJ 5180 849 14 programs program NNS 5180 849 15 , , , 5180 849 16 and and CC 5180 849 17 , , , 5180 849 18 using use VBG 5180 849 19 commercial commercial JJ 5180 849 20 archiving archive VBG 5180 849 21 software software NN 5180 849 22 , , , 5180 849 23 archived archive VBD 5180 849 24 the the DT 5180 849 25 contents content NNS 5180 849 26 of of IN 5180 849 27 the the DT 5180 849 28 home home NN 5180 849 29 page page NN 5180 849 30 of of IN 5180 849 31 the the DT 5180 849 32 blocked block VBN 5180 849 33 Web web NN 5180 849 34 sites site NNS 5180 849 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 849 36 and and CC 5180 849 37 in in IN 5180 849 38 some some DT 5180 849 39 instances instance NNS 5180 849 40 the the DT 5180 849 41 pages page NNS 5180 849 42 linked link VBN 5180 849 43 to to IN 5180 849 44 from from IN 5180 849 45 the the DT 5180 849 46 home home NN 5180 849 47 page page NN 5180 849 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 849 49 as as IN 5180 849 50 it -PRON- PRP 5180 849 51 existed exist VBD 5180 849 52 when when WRB 5180 849 53 it -PRON- PRP 5180 849 54 was be VBD 5180 849 55 blocked block VBN 5180 849 56 . . . 5180 850 1 Through through IN 5180 850 2 this this DT 5180 850 3 process process NN 5180 850 4 , , , 5180 850 5 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 850 6 , , , 5180 850 7 whose whose WP$ 5180 850 8 testimony testimony NN 5180 850 9 we -PRON- PRP 5180 850 10 credit credit NN 5180 850 11 , , , 5180 850 12 compiled compile VBD 5180 850 13 a a DT 5180 850 14 list list NN 5180 850 15 of of IN 5180 850 16 6,777 6,777 CD 5180 850 17 URLs url NNS 5180 850 18 that that WDT 5180 850 19 were be VBD 5180 850 20 blocked block VBN 5180 850 21 by by IN 5180 850 22 one one CD 5180 850 23 or or CC 5180 850 24 more more JJR 5180 850 25 of of IN 5180 850 26 the the DT 5180 850 27 four four CD 5180 850 28 programs program NNS 5180 850 29 . . . 5180 851 1 Because because IN 5180 851 2 these these DT 5180 851 3 sites site NNS 5180 851 4 were be VBD 5180 851 5 chosen choose VBN 5180 851 6 from from IN 5180 851 7 categories category NNS 5180 851 8 from from IN 5180 851 9 the the DT 5180 851 10 Yahoo Yahoo NNP 5180 851 11 directory directory NN 5180 851 12 that that WDT 5180 851 13 were be VBD 5180 851 14 unrelated unrelated JJ 5180 851 15 to to IN 5180 851 16 the the DT 5180 851 17 filtering filtering NN 5180 851 18 categories category NNS 5180 851 19 that that WDT 5180 851 20 were be VBD 5180 851 21 enabled enable VBN 5180 851 22 during during IN 5180 851 23 the the DT 5180 851 24 test test NN 5180 851 25 ( ( -LRB- 5180 851 26 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 851 27 , , , 5180 851 28 " " `` 5180 851 29 Government government NN 5180 851 30 " " '' 5180 851 31 vs. vs. IN 5180 851 32 " " `` 5180 851 33 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 851 34 " " '' 5180 851 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 851 36 , , , 5180 851 37 he -PRON- PRP 5180 851 38 reasoned reason VBD 5180 851 39 that that IN 5180 851 40 they -PRON- PRP 5180 851 41 were be VBD 5180 851 42 likely likely RB 5180 851 43 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 851 44 blocked block VBN 5180 851 45 . . . 5180 852 1 As as IN 5180 852 2 explained explain VBN 5180 852 3 in in IN 5180 852 4 the the DT 5180 852 5 margin margin NN 5180 852 6 , , , 5180 852 7 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 852 8 repeated repeat VBD 5180 852 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 852 10 testing testing NN 5180 852 11 and and CC 5180 852 12 discovered discover VBD 5180 852 13 that that IN 5180 852 14 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 852 15 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 852 16 had have VBD 5180 852 17 unblocked unblock VBN 5180 852 18 most most JJS 5180 852 19 of of IN 5180 852 20 the the DT 5180 852 21 pages page NNS 5180 852 22 on on IN 5180 852 23 the the DT 5180 852 24 list list NN 5180 852 25 of of IN 5180 852 26 6,777 6,777 CD 5180 852 27 after after IN 5180 852 28 he -PRON- PRP 5180 852 29 had have VBD 5180 852 30 published publish VBN 5180 852 31 the the DT 5180 852 32 list list NN 5180 852 33 on on IN 5180 852 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 852 35 Web web NN 5180 852 36 site site NN 5180 852 37 . . . 5180 853 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 5180 853 2 records record NNS 5180 853 3 indicate indicate VBP 5180 853 4 that that IN 5180 853 5 an an DT 5180 853 6 employee employee NN 5180 853 7 of of IN 5180 853 8 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 853 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 853 10 the the DT 5180 853 11 company company NN 5180 853 12 that that WDT 5180 853 13 produces produce VBZ 5180 853 14 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 853 15 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 853 16 software software NN 5180 853 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 853 18 accessed access VBD 5180 853 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 853 20 site site NN 5180 853 21 and and CC 5180 853 22 presumably presumably RB 5180 853 23 checked check VBD 5180 853 24 out out RP 5180 853 25 the the DT 5180 853 26 URLs url NNS 5180 853 27 on on IN 5180 853 28 the the DT 5180 853 29 list list NN 5180 853 30 , , , 5180 853 31 thus thus RB 5180 853 32 confirming confirm VBG 5180 853 33 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 853 34 's 's POS 5180 853 35 judgment judgment NN 5180 853 36 that that IN 5180 853 37 the the DT 5180 853 38 majority majority NN 5180 853 39 of of IN 5180 853 40 URLs URLs NNPS 5180 853 41 on on IN 5180 853 42 the the DT 5180 853 43 list list NN 5180 853 44 were be VBD 5180 853 45 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 853 46 blocked block VBN 5180 853 47 . . . 5180 854 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 854 2 forwarded forward VBD 5180 854 3 the the DT 5180 854 4 list list NN 5180 854 5 of of IN 5180 854 6 blocked block VBN 5180 854 7 sites site NNS 5180 854 8 to to IN 5180 854 9 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 854 10 Joseph Joseph NNP 5180 854 11 Janes Janes NNP 5180 854 12 , , , 5180 854 13 an an DT 5180 854 14 Assistant Assistant NNP 5180 854 15 Professor Professor NNP 5180 854 16 in in IN 5180 854 17 the the DT 5180 854 18 Information Information NNP 5180 854 19 School School NNP 5180 854 20 of of IN 5180 854 21 the the DT 5180 854 22 University University NNP 5180 854 23 of of IN 5180 854 24 Washington Washington NNP 5180 854 25 who who WP 5180 854 26 also also RB 5180 854 27 testified testify VBD 5180 854 28 at at IN 5180 854 29 trial trial NN 5180 854 30 as as IN 5180 854 31 an an DT 5180 854 32 expert expert JJ 5180 854 33 witness witness NN 5180 854 34 . . . 5180 855 1 Janes jane NNS 5180 855 2 reviewed review VBD 5180 855 3 the the DT 5180 855 4 sites site NNS 5180 855 5 that that WDT 5180 855 6 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 855 7 compiled compile VBD 5180 855 8 to to TO 5180 855 9 determine determine VB 5180 855 10 whether whether IN 5180 855 11 they -PRON- PRP 5180 855 12 are be VBP 5180 855 13 consistent consistent JJ 5180 855 14 with with IN 5180 855 15 library library JJ 5180 855 16 collection collection NN 5180 855 17 development development NN 5180 855 18 , , , 5180 855 19 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 855 20 , , , 5180 855 21 whether whether IN 5180 855 22 they -PRON- PRP 5180 855 23 are be VBP 5180 855 24 sites site NNS 5180 855 25 to to TO 5180 855 26 which which WDT 5180 855 27 a a DT 5180 855 28 reference reference NN 5180 855 29 librarian librarian NN 5180 855 30 would would MD 5180 855 31 , , , 5180 855 32 consistent consistent JJ 5180 855 33 with with IN 5180 855 34 professional professional JJ 5180 855 35 standards standard NNS 5180 855 36 , , , 5180 855 37 direct direct VB 5180 855 38 a a DT 5180 855 39 patron patron NN 5180 855 40 as as IN 5180 855 41 a a DT 5180 855 42 source source NN 5180 855 43 of of IN 5180 855 44 information information NN 5180 855 45 . . . 5180 856 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 856 2 forwarded forward VBD 5180 856 3 Janes Janes NNP 5180 856 4 a a DT 5180 856 5 list list NN 5180 856 6 of of IN 5180 856 7 6,775 6,775 CD 5180 856 8 Web web NN 5180 856 9 sites site NNS 5180 856 10 , , , 5180 856 11 almost almost RB 5180 856 12 the the DT 5180 856 13 entire entire JJ 5180 856 14 list list NN 5180 856 15 of of IN 5180 856 16 blocked block VBN 5180 856 17 sites site NNS 5180 856 18 that that WDT 5180 856 19 he -PRON- PRP 5180 856 20 collected collect VBD 5180 856 21 , , , 5180 856 22 from from IN 5180 856 23 which which WDT 5180 856 24 Janes Janes NNP 5180 856 25 took take VBD 5180 856 26 a a DT 5180 856 27 random random JJ 5180 856 28 sample sample NN 5180 856 29 of of IN 5180 856 30 859 859 CD 5180 856 31 using use VBG 5180 856 32 the the DT 5180 856 33 SPSS SPSS NNP 5180 856 34 statistical statistical JJ 5180 856 35 software software NN 5180 856 36 package package NN 5180 856 37 . . . 5180 857 1 Janes Janes NNP 5180 857 2 indicated indicate VBD 5180 857 3 that that IN 5180 857 4 he -PRON- PRP 5180 857 5 chose choose VBD 5180 857 6 a a DT 5180 857 7 sample sample NN 5180 857 8 size size NN 5180 857 9 of of IN 5180 857 10 859 859 CD 5180 857 11 because because IN 5180 857 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 857 13 would would MD 5180 857 14 yield yield VB 5180 857 15 a a DT 5180 857 16 95 95 CD 5180 857 17 % % NN 5180 857 18 confidence confidence NN 5180 857 19 interval interval NN 5180 857 20 of of IN 5180 857 21 plus plus NN 5180 857 22 or or CC 5180 857 23 minus minus CC 5180 857 24 2.5 2.5 CD 5180 857 25 % % NN 5180 857 26 . . . 5180 858 1 Janes jane NNS 5180 858 2 recruited recruit VBD 5180 858 3 a a DT 5180 858 4 group group NN 5180 858 5 of of IN 5180 858 6 16 16 CD 5180 858 7 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 858 8 , , , 5180 858 9 most most JJS 5180 858 10 of of IN 5180 858 11 whom whom WP 5180 858 12 were be VBD 5180 858 13 current current JJ 5180 858 14 or or CC 5180 858 15 former former JJ 5180 858 16 students student NNS 5180 858 17 at at IN 5180 858 18 the the DT 5180 858 19 University University NNP 5180 858 20 of of IN 5180 858 21 Washington Washington NNP 5180 858 22 's 's POS 5180 858 23 Information Information NNP 5180 858 24 School School NNP 5180 858 25 , , , 5180 858 26 to to TO 5180 858 27 help help VB 5180 858 28 him -PRON- PRP 5180 858 29 identify identify VB 5180 858 30 which which WDT 5180 858 31 sites site NNS 5180 858 32 were be VBD 5180 858 33 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 858 34 for for IN 5180 858 35 library library JJ 5180 858 36 use use NN 5180 858 37 . . . 5180 859 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 859 2 describe describe VBP 5180 859 3 the the DT 5180 859 4 process process NN 5180 859 5 that that WDT 5180 859 6 he -PRON- PRP 5180 859 7 used use VBD 5180 859 8 in in IN 5180 859 9 the the DT 5180 859 10 margin margin NN 5180 859 11 . . . 5180 860 1 Due due IN 5180 860 2 to to IN 5180 860 3 the the DT 5180 860 4 inability inability NN 5180 860 5 of of IN 5180 860 6 a a DT 5180 860 7 member member NN 5180 860 8 of of IN 5180 860 9 Janes Janes NNP 5180 860 10 's 's POS 5180 860 11 review review NN 5180 860 12 team team NN 5180 860 13 to to TO 5180 860 14 complete complete VB 5180 860 15 the the DT 5180 860 16 reviewing reviewing NN 5180 860 17 process process NN 5180 860 18 , , , 5180 860 19 Janes Janes NNP 5180 860 20 had have VBD 5180 860 21 to to TO 5180 860 22 cut cut VB 5180 860 23 157 157 CD 5180 860 24 Web web NN 5180 860 25 sites site NNS 5180 860 26 out out IN 5180 860 27 of of IN 5180 860 28 the the DT 5180 860 29 sample sample NN 5180 860 30 , , , 5180 860 31 but but CC 5180 860 32 because because IN 5180 860 33 the the DT 5180 860 34 Web web NN 5180 860 35 sites site NNS 5180 860 36 were be VBD 5180 860 37 randomly randomly RB 5180 860 38 assigned assign VBN 5180 860 39 to to IN 5180 860 40 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 860 41 , , , 5180 860 42 it -PRON- PRP 5180 860 43 is be VBZ 5180 860 44 unlikely unlikely JJ 5180 860 45 that that IN 5180 860 46 these these DT 5180 860 47 sites site NNS 5180 860 48 differed differ VBD 5180 860 49 significantly significantly RB 5180 860 50 from from IN 5180 860 51 the the DT 5180 860 52 rest rest NN 5180 860 53 of of IN 5180 860 54 the the DT 5180 860 55 sample sample NN 5180 860 56 . . . 5180 861 1 That that DT 5180 861 2 left leave VBD 5180 861 3 the the DT 5180 861 4 sample sample NN 5180 861 5 size size NN 5180 861 6 at at IN 5180 861 7 699 699 CD 5180 861 8 , , , 5180 861 9 which which WDT 5180 861 10 widened widen VBD 5180 861 11 the the DT 5180 861 12 95 95 CD 5180 861 13 % % NN 5180 861 14 confidence confidence NN 5180 861 15 interval interval NN 5180 861 16 to to IN 5180 861 17 plus plus NN 5180 861 18 or or CC 5180 861 19 minus minus CC 5180 861 20 2.8 2.8 CD 5180 861 21 % % NN 5180 861 22 . . . 5180 862 1 Of of IN 5180 862 2 the the DT 5180 862 3 total total JJ 5180 862 4 699 699 CD 5180 862 5 sites site NNS 5180 862 6 reviewed review VBN 5180 862 7 , , , 5180 862 8 Janes Janes NNP 5180 862 9 's 's POS 5180 862 10 team team NN 5180 862 11 concluded conclude VBD 5180 862 12 that that IN 5180 862 13 165 165 CD 5180 862 14 of of IN 5180 862 15 them -PRON- PRP 5180 862 16 , , , 5180 862 17 or or CC 5180 862 18 23.6 23.6 CD 5180 862 19 % % NN 5180 862 20 percent percent NN 5180 862 21 of of IN 5180 862 22 the the DT 5180 862 23 sample sample NN 5180 862 24 , , , 5180 862 25 were be VBD 5180 862 26 not not RB 5180 862 27 of of IN 5180 862 28 any any DT 5180 862 29 value value NN 5180 862 30 in in IN 5180 862 31 the the DT 5180 862 32 library library NN 5180 862 33 context context NN 5180 862 34 ( ( -LRB- 5180 862 35 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 862 36 , , , 5180 862 37 no no DT 5180 862 38 librarian librarian NN 5180 862 39 would would MD 5180 862 40 , , , 5180 862 41 consistent consistent JJ 5180 862 42 with with IN 5180 862 43 professional professional JJ 5180 862 44 standards standard NNS 5180 862 45 , , , 5180 862 46 refer refer VBP 5180 862 47 a a DT 5180 862 48 patron patron NN 5180 862 49 to to IN 5180 862 50 these these DT 5180 862 51 sites site NNS 5180 862 52 as as IN 5180 862 53 a a DT 5180 862 54 source source NN 5180 862 55 of of IN 5180 862 56 information information NN 5180 862 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 862 58 . . . 5180 863 1 They -PRON- PRP 5180 863 2 were be VBD 5180 863 3 unable unable JJ 5180 863 4 to to TO 5180 863 5 find find VB 5180 863 6 60 60 CD 5180 863 7 of of IN 5180 863 8 the the DT 5180 863 9 Web web NN 5180 863 10 sites site NNS 5180 863 11 , , , 5180 863 12 or or CC 5180 863 13 8.6 8.6 CD 5180 863 14 % % NN 5180 863 15 of of IN 5180 863 16 the the DT 5180 863 17 sample sample NN 5180 863 18 . . . 5180 864 1 Therefore therefore RB 5180 864 2 , , , 5180 864 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 864 4 concluded conclude VBD 5180 864 5 that that IN 5180 864 6 the the DT 5180 864 7 remaining remain VBG 5180 864 8 474 474 CD 5180 864 9 Web web NN 5180 864 10 sites site NNS 5180 864 11 , , , 5180 864 12 or or CC 5180 864 13 67.8 67.8 CD 5180 864 14 % % NN 5180 864 15 of of IN 5180 864 16 the the DT 5180 864 17 sample sample NN 5180 864 18 , , , 5180 864 19 were be VBD 5180 864 20 examples example NNS 5180 864 21 of of IN 5180 864 22 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 864 23 with with IN 5180 864 24 respect respect NN 5180 864 25 to to IN 5180 864 26 materials material NNS 5180 864 27 that that WDT 5180 864 28 are be VBP 5180 864 29 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 864 30 sources source NNS 5180 864 31 of of IN 5180 864 32 information information NN 5180 864 33 in in IN 5180 864 34 public public JJ 5180 864 35 libraries library NNS 5180 864 36 . . . 5180 865 1 Applying apply VBG 5180 865 2 a a DT 5180 865 3 95 95 CD 5180 865 4 % % NN 5180 865 5 confidence confidence NN 5180 865 6 interval interval NN 5180 865 7 of of IN 5180 865 8 plus plus NN 5180 865 9 or or CC 5180 865 10 minus minus CC 5180 865 11 2.8 2.8 CD 5180 865 12 % % NN 5180 865 13 , , , 5180 865 14 the the DT 5180 865 15 study study NN 5180 865 16 concluded conclude VBD 5180 865 17 that that IN 5180 865 18 we -PRON- PRP 5180 865 19 can can MD 5180 865 20 be be VB 5180 865 21 95 95 CD 5180 865 22 % % NN 5180 865 23 confident confident JJ 5180 865 24 that that IN 5180 865 25 the the DT 5180 865 26 actual actual JJ 5180 865 27 percentage percentage NN 5180 865 28 of of IN 5180 865 29 sites site NNS 5180 865 30 in in IN 5180 865 31 the the DT 5180 865 32 list list NN 5180 865 33 of of IN 5180 865 34 6,775 6,775 CD 5180 865 35 sites site NNS 5180 865 36 that that WDT 5180 865 37 are be VBP 5180 865 38 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 865 39 for for IN 5180 865 40 use use NN 5180 865 41 in in IN 5180 865 42 public public JJ 5180 865 43 libraries library NNS 5180 865 44 is be VBZ 5180 865 45 somewhere somewhere RB 5180 865 46 between between IN 5180 865 47 65.0 65.0 CD 5180 865 48 % % NN 5180 865 49 and and CC 5180 865 50 70.6 70.6 CD 5180 865 51 % % NN 5180 865 52 . . . 5180 866 1 In in IN 5180 866 2 other other JJ 5180 866 3 words word NNS 5180 866 4 , , , 5180 866 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 866 6 can can MD 5180 866 7 be be VB 5180 866 8 95 95 CD 5180 866 9 % % NN 5180 866 10 certain certain JJ 5180 866 11 that that IN 5180 866 12 the the DT 5180 866 13 actual actual JJ 5180 866 14 number number NN 5180 866 15 of of IN 5180 866 16 sites site NNS 5180 866 17 out out IN 5180 866 18 of of IN 5180 866 19 the the DT 5180 866 20 6,775 6,775 CD 5180 866 21 that that WDT 5180 866 22 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 866 23 forwarded forward VBD 5180 866 24 to to IN 5180 866 25 Janes Janes NNPS 5180 866 26 that that WDT 5180 866 27 are be VBP 5180 866 28 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 866 29 for for IN 5180 866 30 use use NN 5180 866 31 in in IN 5180 866 32 public public JJ 5180 866 33 libraries library NNS 5180 866 34 ( ( -LRB- 5180 866 35 under under IN 5180 866 36 Janes Janes NNP 5180 866 37 's 's POS 5180 866 38 standard standard NN 5180 866 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 866 40 is be VBZ 5180 866 41 somewhere somewhere RB 5180 866 42 between between IN 5180 866 43 4,403 4,403 CD 5180 866 44 and and CC 5180 866 45 4,783 4,783 CD 5180 866 46 . . . 5180 867 1 The the DT 5180 867 2 government government NN 5180 867 3 raised raise VBD 5180 867 4 some some DT 5180 867 5 valid valid JJ 5180 867 6 criticisms criticism NNS 5180 867 7 of of IN 5180 867 8 Janes Janes NNP 5180 867 9 's 's POS 5180 867 10 methodology methodology NN 5180 867 11 , , , 5180 867 12 attacking attack VBG 5180 867 13 in in IN 5180 867 14 particular particular JJ 5180 867 15 the the DT 5180 867 16 fact fact NN 5180 867 17 that that IN 5180 867 18 , , , 5180 867 19 while while IN 5180 867 20 sites site NNS 5180 867 21 that that WDT 5180 867 22 received receive VBD 5180 867 23 two two CD 5180 867 24 " " `` 5180 867 25 yes yes UH 5180 867 26 " " '' 5180 867 27 votes vote NNS 5180 867 28 in in IN 5180 867 29 the the DT 5180 867 30 first first JJ 5180 867 31 round round NN 5180 867 32 of of IN 5180 867 33 voting voting NN 5180 867 34 were be VBD 5180 867 35 determined determined JJ 5180 867 36 to to TO 5180 867 37 be be VB 5180 867 38 of of IN 5180 867 39 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 867 40 interest interest NN 5180 867 41 in in IN 5180 867 42 a a DT 5180 867 43 library library NN 5180 867 44 context context NN 5180 867 45 to to TO 5180 867 46 be be VB 5180 867 47 removed remove VBN 5180 867 48 from from IN 5180 867 49 further further JJ 5180 867 50 analysis analysis NN 5180 867 51 , , , 5180 867 52 sites site NNS 5180 867 53 receiving receive VBG 5180 867 54 one one CD 5180 867 55 or or CC 5180 867 56 two two CD 5180 867 57 " " `` 5180 867 58 no no UH 5180 867 59 " " '' 5180 867 60 votes vote NNS 5180 867 61 were be VBD 5180 867 62 sent send VBN 5180 867 63 to to IN 5180 867 64 the the DT 5180 867 65 next next JJ 5180 867 66 round round NN 5180 867 67 . . . 5180 868 1 The the DT 5180 868 2 government government NN 5180 868 3 also also RB 5180 868 4 correctly correctly RB 5180 868 5 points point VBZ 5180 868 6 out out RP 5180 868 7 that that IN 5180 868 8 results result NNS 5180 868 9 of of IN 5180 868 10 Janes Janes NNP 5180 868 11 's 's POS 5180 868 12 study study NN 5180 868 13 can can MD 5180 868 14 be be VB 5180 868 15 generalized generalize VBN 5180 868 16 only only RB 5180 868 17 to to IN 5180 868 18 the the DT 5180 868 19 population population NN 5180 868 20 of of IN 5180 868 21 6,775 6,775 CD 5180 868 22 sites site NNS 5180 868 23 that that WDT 5180 868 24 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 868 25 forwarded forward VBD 5180 868 26 to to IN 5180 868 27 Janes Janes NNP 5180 868 28 . . . 5180 869 1 Even even RB 5180 869 2 taking take VBG 5180 869 3 these these DT 5180 869 4 criticisms criticism NNS 5180 869 5 into into IN 5180 869 6 account account NN 5180 869 7 , , , 5180 869 8 and and CC 5180 869 9 discounting discount VBG 5180 869 10 Janes Janes NNP 5180 869 11 's 's POS 5180 869 12 numbers number NNS 5180 869 13 appropriately appropriately RB 5180 869 14 , , , 5180 869 15 we -PRON- PRP 5180 869 16 credit credit VBP 5180 869 17 Janes Janes NNP 5180 869 18 's 's POS 5180 869 19 study study NN 5180 869 20 as as IN 5180 869 21 confirming confirm VBG 5180 869 22 that that IN 5180 869 23 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 869 24 's 's POS 5180 869 25 set set NN 5180 869 26 of of IN 5180 869 27 6,775 6,775 CD 5180 869 28 Web web NN 5180 869 29 sites site NNS 5180 869 30 contains contain VBZ 5180 869 31 at at IN 5180 869 32 least least JJS 5180 869 33 a a DT 5180 869 34 few few JJ 5180 869 35 thousand thousand CD 5180 869 36 URLs url NNS 5180 869 37 that that WDT 5180 869 38 were be VBD 5180 869 39 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 869 40 blocked block VBN 5180 869 41 by by IN 5180 869 42 one one CD 5180 869 43 or or CC 5180 869 44 more more JJR 5180 869 45 of of IN 5180 869 46 the the DT 5180 869 47 four four CD 5180 869 48 filtering filter VBG 5180 869 49 programs program NNS 5180 869 50 that that WDT 5180 869 51 he -PRON- PRP 5180 869 52 used use VBD 5180 869 53 , , , 5180 869 54 whether whether IN 5180 869 55 judged judge VBN 5180 869 56 against against IN 5180 869 57 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 869 58 's 's POS 5180 869 59 definitions definition NNS 5180 869 60 , , , 5180 869 61 the the DT 5180 869 62 filters filter NNS 5180 869 63 ' ' POS 5180 869 64 own own JJ 5180 869 65 category category NN 5180 869 66 criteria criterion NNS 5180 869 67 , , , 5180 869 68 or or CC 5180 869 69 against against IN 5180 869 70 the the DT 5180 869 71 standard standard NN 5180 869 72 that that WDT 5180 869 73 the the DT 5180 869 74 Janes Janes NNP 5180 869 75 study study NN 5180 869 76 used use VBD 5180 869 77 . . . 5180 870 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 870 2 tested test VBD 5180 870 3 only only RB 5180 870 4 500,000 500,000 CD 5180 870 5 unique unique JJ 5180 870 6 URLs url NNS 5180 870 7 out out IN 5180 870 8 of of IN 5180 870 9 the the DT 5180 870 10 4000 4000 CD 5180 870 11 times time NNS 5180 870 12 that that IN 5180 870 13 many many JJ 5180 870 14 , , , 5180 870 15 or or CC 5180 870 16 two two CD 5180 870 17 billion billion CD 5180 870 18 , , , 5180 870 19 that that WDT 5180 870 20 are be VBP 5180 870 21 estimated estimate VBN 5180 870 22 to to TO 5180 870 23 exist exist VB 5180 870 24 in in IN 5180 870 25 the the DT 5180 870 26 indexable indexable JJ 5180 870 27 Web web NN 5180 870 28 . . . 5180 871 1 Even even RB 5180 871 2 assuming assume VBG 5180 871 3 that that IN 5180 871 4 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 871 5 chose choose VBD 5180 871 6 the the DT 5180 871 7 URLs url NNS 5180 871 8 that that WDT 5180 871 9 were be VBD 5180 871 10 most most RBS 5180 871 11 likely likely JJ 5180 871 12 to to TO 5180 871 13 be be VB 5180 871 14 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 871 15 blocked block VBN 5180 871 16 by by IN 5180 871 17 commercial commercial JJ 5180 871 18 filtering filtering NN 5180 871 19 programs program NNS 5180 871 20 , , , 5180 871 21 we -PRON- PRP 5180 871 22 conclude conclude VBP 5180 871 23 that that IN 5180 871 24 many many JJ 5180 871 25 times time NNS 5180 871 26 the the DT 5180 871 27 number number NN 5180 871 28 of of IN 5180 871 29 pages page NNS 5180 871 30 that that WDT 5180 871 31 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 871 32 identified identify VBN 5180 871 33 are be VBP 5180 871 34 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 871 35 blocked block VBN 5180 871 36 by by IN 5180 871 37 one one CD 5180 871 38 or or CC 5180 871 39 more more JJR 5180 871 40 of of IN 5180 871 41 the the DT 5180 871 42 filtering filtering NN 5180 871 43 programs program NNS 5180 871 44 that that WDT 5180 871 45 he -PRON- PRP 5180 871 46 tested test VBD 5180 871 47 . . . 5180 872 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 872 2 's 's POS 5180 872 3 and and CC 5180 872 4 Janes Janes NNP 5180 872 5 's 's POS 5180 872 6 studies study NNS 5180 872 7 provide provide VBP 5180 872 8 numerous numerous JJ 5180 872 9 specific specific JJ 5180 872 10 examples example NNS 5180 872 11 of of IN 5180 872 12 Web web NN 5180 872 13 pages page NNS 5180 872 14 that that WDT 5180 872 15 were be VBD 5180 872 16 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 872 17 blocked block VBN 5180 872 18 by by IN 5180 872 19 one one CD 5180 872 20 or or CC 5180 872 21 more more JJR 5180 872 22 filtering filtering NN 5180 872 23 programs program NNS 5180 872 24 . . . 5180 873 1 The the DT 5180 873 2 Web web NN 5180 873 3 pages page NNS 5180 873 4 that that WDT 5180 873 5 were be VBD 5180 873 6 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 873 7 blocked block VBN 5180 873 8 by by IN 5180 873 9 one one CD 5180 873 10 or or CC 5180 873 11 more more JJR 5180 873 12 of of IN 5180 873 13 the the DT 5180 873 14 filtering filtering NN 5180 873 15 programs program NNS 5180 873 16 do do VBP 5180 873 17 not not RB 5180 873 18 fall fall VB 5180 873 19 into into IN 5180 873 20 any any DT 5180 873 21 neat neat JJ 5180 873 22 patterns pattern NNS 5180 873 23 ; ; : 5180 873 24 they -PRON- PRP 5180 873 25 range range VBP 5180 873 26 widely widely RB 5180 873 27 in in IN 5180 873 28 subject subject JJ 5180 873 29 matter matter NN 5180 873 30 , , , 5180 873 31 and and CC 5180 873 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 873 33 is be VBZ 5180 873 34 difficult difficult JJ 5180 873 35 to to TO 5180 873 36 tell tell VB 5180 873 37 why why WRB 5180 873 38 they -PRON- PRP 5180 873 39 may may MD 5180 873 40 have have VB 5180 873 41 been be VBN 5180 873 42 overblocked overblocke VBN 5180 873 43 . . . 5180 874 1 The the DT 5180 874 2 list list NN 5180 874 3 that that WDT 5180 874 4 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 874 5 compiled compile VBD 5180 874 6 , , , 5180 874 7 for for IN 5180 874 8 example example NN 5180 874 9 , , , 5180 874 10 contains contain VBZ 5180 874 11 Web web NN 5180 874 12 pages page NNS 5180 874 13 relating relate VBG 5180 874 14 to to IN 5180 874 15 religion religion NN 5180 874 16 , , , 5180 874 17 politics politics NN 5180 874 18 and and CC 5180 874 19 government government NN 5180 874 20 , , , 5180 874 21 health health NN 5180 874 22 , , , 5180 874 23 careers career NNS 5180 874 24 , , , 5180 874 25 education education NN 5180 874 26 , , , 5180 874 27 travel travel NN 5180 874 28 , , , 5180 874 29 sports sport NNS 5180 874 30 , , , 5180 874 31 and and CC 5180 874 32 many many JJ 5180 874 33 other other JJ 5180 874 34 topics topic NNS 5180 874 35 . . . 5180 875 1 In in IN 5180 875 2 the the DT 5180 875 3 next next JJ 5180 875 4 section section NN 5180 875 5 , , , 5180 875 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 875 7 provide provide VBP 5180 875 8 examples example NNS 5180 875 9 from from IN 5180 875 10 each each DT 5180 875 11 of of IN 5180 875 12 these these DT 5180 875 13 categories category NNS 5180 875 14 . . . 5180 876 1 6 6 CD 5180 876 2 . . . 5180 877 1 Examples example NNS 5180 877 2 of of IN 5180 877 3 Erroneously erroneously RB 5180 877 4 Blocked block VBN 5180 877 5 Web web NN 5180 877 6 Sites Sites NNPS 5180 877 7 Several several JJ 5180 877 8 of of IN 5180 877 9 the the DT 5180 877 10 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 877 11 blocked block VBN 5180 877 12 Web web NN 5180 877 13 sites site NNS 5180 877 14 had have VBD 5180 877 15 content content NN 5180 877 16 relating relate VBG 5180 877 17 to to IN 5180 877 18 churches church NNS 5180 877 19 , , , 5180 877 20 religious religious JJ 5180 877 21 orders order NNS 5180 877 22 , , , 5180 877 23 religious religious JJ 5180 877 24 charities charity NNS 5180 877 25 , , , 5180 877 26 and and CC 5180 877 27 religious religious JJ 5180 877 28 fellowship fellowship NN 5180 877 29 organizations organization NNS 5180 877 30 . . . 5180 878 1 These these DT 5180 878 2 included include VBD 5180 878 3 the the DT 5180 878 4 following follow VBG 5180 878 5 Web web NN 5180 878 6 sites site NNS 5180 878 7 : : : 5180 878 8 the the DT 5180 878 9 Knights Knights NNPS 5180 878 10 of of IN 5180 878 11 Columbus Columbus NNP 5180 878 12 Council Council NNP 5180 878 13 4828 4828 CD 5180 878 14 , , , 5180 878 15 a a DT 5180 878 16 Catholic catholic JJ 5180 878 17 men man NNS 5180 878 18 's 's POS 5180 878 19 group group NN 5180 878 20 associated associate VBN 5180 878 21 with with IN 5180 878 22 St. St. NNP 5180 878 23 Patrick Patrick NNP 5180 878 24 's 's POS 5180 878 25 Church Church NNP 5180 878 26 in in IN 5180 878 27 Fallon Fallon NNP 5180 878 28 , , , 5180 878 29 Nevada Nevada NNP 5180 878 30 , , , 5180 878 31 http://msnhomepages.talkcity.com/SpiritSt/kofc4828 http://msnhomepages.talkcity.com/SpiritSt/kofc4828 NNP 5180 878 32 , , , 5180 878 33 which which WDT 5180 878 34 was be VBD 5180 878 35 blocked block VBN 5180 878 36 by by IN 5180 878 37 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 878 38 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 878 39 in in IN 5180 878 40 the the DT 5180 878 41 " " `` 5180 878 42 Adult adult NN 5180 878 43 / / , 5180 878 44 Sexually sexually RB 5180 878 45 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 878 46 " " '' 5180 878 47 category category NN 5180 878 48 ; ; : 5180 878 49 the the DT 5180 878 50 Agape Agape NNP 5180 878 51 Church Church NNP 5180 878 52 of of IN 5180 878 53 Searcy Searcy NNP 5180 878 54 , , , 5180 878 55 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 878 56 , , , 5180 878 57 http://www.agapechurch.com http://www.agapechurch.com ADD 5180 878 58 , , , 5180 878 59 which which WDT 5180 878 60 was be VBD 5180 878 61 blocked block VBN 5180 878 62 by by IN 5180 878 63 Websense Websense NNP 5180 878 64 as as IN 5180 878 65 " " `` 5180 878 66 Adult Adult NNP 5180 878 67 Content Content NNP 5180 878 68 " " '' 5180 878 69 ; ; : 5180 878 70 the the DT 5180 878 71 home home NN 5180 878 72 page page NN 5180 878 73 of of IN 5180 878 74 the the DT 5180 878 75 Lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 878 76 and and CC 5180 878 77 Gay Gay NNP 5180 878 78 Havurah Havurah NNP 5180 878 79 of of IN 5180 878 80 the the DT 5180 878 81 Long Long NNP 5180 878 82 Beach Beach NNP 5180 878 83 , , , 5180 878 84 California California NNP 5180 878 85 Jewish Jewish NNP 5180 878 86 Community Community NNP 5180 878 87 Center Center NNP 5180 878 88 , , , 5180 878 89 http://www.compupix.com/gay/havurah.htm http://www.compupix.com/gay/havurah.htm NNP 5180 878 90 , , , 5180 878 91 which which WDT 5180 878 92 was be VBD 5180 878 93 blocked block VBN 5180 878 94 by by IN 5180 878 95 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 878 96 as as IN 5180 878 97 " " `` 5180 878 98 Adults Adults NNP 5180 878 99 Only only RB 5180 878 100 , , , 5180 878 101 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 878 102 , , , 5180 878 103 " " '' 5180 878 104 by by IN 5180 878 105 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 878 106 as as IN 5180 878 107 " " `` 5180 878 108 Sex sex NN 5180 878 109 , , , 5180 878 110 " " '' 5180 878 111 and and CC 5180 878 112 by by IN 5180 878 113 Websense Websense NNP 5180 878 114 as as IN 5180 878 115 " " `` 5180 878 116 Sex sex NN 5180 878 117 " " '' 5180 878 118 ; ; : 5180 878 119 Orphanage Orphanage NNP 5180 878 120 Emmanuel Emmanuel NNP 5180 878 121 , , , 5180 878 122 a a DT 5180 878 123 Christian christian JJ 5180 878 124 orphanage orphanage NN 5180 878 125 in in IN 5180 878 126 Honduras Honduras NNP 5180 878 127 that that IN 5180 878 128 houses house VBZ 5180 878 129 225 225 CD 5180 878 130 children child NNS 5180 878 131 , , , 5180 878 132 http://home8.inet.tele.dk/rfb_viva http://home8.inet.tele.dk/rfb_viva NNP 5180 878 133 , , , 5180 878 134 which which WDT 5180 878 135 was be VBD 5180 878 136 blocked block VBN 5180 878 137 by by IN 5180 878 138 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 878 139 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 878 140 in in IN 5180 878 141 the the DT 5180 878 142 " " `` 5180 878 143 Adult adult NN 5180 878 144 / / , 5180 878 145 Sexually sexually RB 5180 878 146 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 878 147 " " '' 5180 878 148 category category NN 5180 878 149 ; ; : 5180 878 150 Vision Vision NNP 5180 878 151 Art Art NNP 5180 878 152 Online Online NNP 5180 878 153 , , , 5180 878 154 which which WDT 5180 878 155 sells sell VBZ 5180 878 156 wooden wooden JJ 5180 878 157 wall wall NN 5180 878 158 hangings hanging NNS 5180 878 159 for for IN 5180 878 160 the the DT 5180 878 161 home home NN 5180 878 162 that that WDT 5180 878 163 contain contain VBP 5180 878 164 prayers prayer NNS 5180 878 165 , , , 5180 878 166 passages passage NNS 5180 878 167 from from IN 5180 878 168 the the DT 5180 878 169 Bible Bible NNP 5180 878 170 , , , 5180 878 171 and and CC 5180 878 172 images image NNS 5180 878 173 of of IN 5180 878 174 the the DT 5180 878 175 Star Star NNP 5180 878 176 of of IN 5180 878 177 David David NNP 5180 878 178 , , , 5180 878 179 http://www.visionartonline.com http://www.visionartonline.com ADD 5180 878 180 , , , 5180 878 181 which which WDT 5180 878 182 was be VBD 5180 878 183 blocked block VBN 5180 878 184 in in IN 5180 878 185 Websense Websense NNP 5180 878 186 's 's POS 5180 878 187 " " `` 5180 878 188 Sex sex NN 5180 878 189 " " '' 5180 878 190 category category NN 5180 878 191 ; ; , 5180 878 192 and and CC 5180 878 193 the the DT 5180 878 194 home home NN 5180 878 195 page page NN 5180 878 196 of of IN 5180 878 197 Tenzin Tenzin NNP 5180 878 198 Palmo Palmo NNP 5180 878 199 , , , 5180 878 200 a a DT 5180 878 201 Buddhist buddhist JJ 5180 878 202 nun nun NN 5180 878 203 , , , 5180 878 204 which which WDT 5180 878 205 contained contain VBD 5180 878 206 a a DT 5180 878 207 description description NN 5180 878 208 of of IN 5180 878 209 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 878 210 project project NN 5180 878 211 to to TO 5180 878 212 build build VB 5180 878 213 a a DT 5180 878 214 Buddhist buddhist JJ 5180 878 215 nunnery nunnery NN 5180 878 216 and and CC 5180 878 217 international international JJ 5180 878 218 retreat retreat NN 5180 878 219 center center NN 5180 878 220 for for IN 5180 878 221 women woman NNS 5180 878 222 , , , 5180 878 223 http://www.tenzinpalmo.com http://www.tenzinpalmo.com NNS 5180 878 224 , , , 5180 878 225 which which WDT 5180 878 226 was be VBD 5180 878 227 categorized categorize VBN 5180 878 228 as as IN 5180 878 229 " " `` 5180 878 230 Nudity nudity NN 5180 878 231 " " '' 5180 878 232 by by IN 5180 878 233 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 878 234 . . . 5180 879 1 Several several JJ 5180 879 2 blocked block VBN 5180 879 3 sites site NNS 5180 879 4 also also RB 5180 879 5 contained contain VBD 5180 879 6 information information NN 5180 879 7 about about IN 5180 879 8 governmental governmental JJ 5180 879 9 entities entity NNS 5180 879 10 or or CC 5180 879 11 specific specific JJ 5180 879 12 political political JJ 5180 879 13 candidates candidate NNS 5180 879 14 , , , 5180 879 15 or or CC 5180 879 16 contained contain VBD 5180 879 17 political political JJ 5180 879 18 commentary commentary NN 5180 879 19 . . . 5180 880 1 These these DT 5180 880 2 included include VBN 5180 880 3 : : : 5180 880 4 the the DT 5180 880 5 Web web NN 5180 880 6 site site NN 5180 880 7 for for IN 5180 880 8 Kelley Kelley NNP 5180 880 9 Ross Ross NNP 5180 880 10 , , , 5180 880 11 a a DT 5180 880 12 Libertarian libertarian JJ 5180 880 13 candidate candidate NN 5180 880 14 for for IN 5180 880 15 the the DT 5180 880 16 California California NNP 5180 880 17 State State NNP 5180 880 18 Assembly Assembly NNP 5180 880 19 , , , 5180 880 20 http://www.friesian.com/ross/ca40 http://www.friesian.com/ross/ca40 UH 5180 880 21 , , , 5180 880 22 which which WDT 5180 880 23 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 24 blocked block VBD 5180 880 25 as as IN 5180 880 26 " " `` 5180 880 27 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 880 28 " " '' 5180 880 29 ; ; : 5180 880 30 the the DT 5180 880 31 Web web NN 5180 880 32 site site NN 5180 880 33 for for IN 5180 880 34 Bob Bob NNP 5180 880 35 Coughlin Coughlin NNP 5180 880 36 , , , 5180 880 37 a a DT 5180 880 38 town town NN 5180 880 39 selectman selectman NN 5180 880 40 in in IN 5180 880 41 Dedham Dedham NNP 5180 880 42 , , , 5180 880 43 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 5180 880 44 , , , 5180 880 45 http://www.bobcoughlin.org http://www.bobcoughlin.org ADD 5180 880 46 , , , 5180 880 47 which which WDT 5180 880 48 was be VBD 5180 880 49 blocked block VBN 5180 880 50 under under IN 5180 880 51 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 52 's 's POS 5180 880 53 " " `` 5180 880 54 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 880 55 " " '' 5180 880 56 category category NN 5180 880 57 ; ; , 5180 880 58 a a DT 5180 880 59 list list NN 5180 880 60 of of IN 5180 880 61 Web web NN 5180 880 62 sites site NNS 5180 880 63 containing contain VBG 5180 880 64 information information NN 5180 880 65 about about IN 5180 880 66 government government NN 5180 880 67 and and CC 5180 880 68 politics politic NNS 5180 880 69 in in IN 5180 880 70 Adams Adams NNP 5180 880 71 County County NNP 5180 880 72 , , , 5180 880 73 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 5180 880 74 , , , 5180 880 75 http://www.geocities.com/adamscopa http://www.geocities.com/adamscopa ADD 5180 880 76 , , , 5180 880 77 which which WDT 5180 880 78 was be VBD 5180 880 79 blocked block VBN 5180 880 80 by by IN 5180 880 81 Websense Websense NNP 5180 880 82 as as IN 5180 880 83 " " `` 5180 880 84 Sex Sex NNP 5180 880 85 " " '' 5180 880 86 ; ; : 5180 880 87 the the DT 5180 880 88 Web web NN 5180 880 89 site site NN 5180 880 90 for for IN 5180 880 91 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 5180 880 92 Right Right NNP 5180 880 93 to to IN 5180 880 94 Life Life NNP 5180 880 95 , , , 5180 880 96 http://www.wrtl.org http://www.wrtl.org ADD 5180 880 97 , , , 5180 880 98 which which WDT 5180 880 99 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 100 blocked block VBD 5180 880 101 as as IN 5180 880 102 " " `` 5180 880 103 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 880 104 " " '' 5180 880 105 ; ; : 5180 880 106 a a DT 5180 880 107 Web web NN 5180 880 108 site site NN 5180 880 109 that that WDT 5180 880 110 promotes promote VBZ 5180 880 111 federalism federalism NN 5180 880 112 in in IN 5180 880 113 Uganda Uganda NNP 5180 880 114 , , , 5180 880 115 http://federo.com http://federo.com ADD 5180 880 116 , , , 5180 880 117 which which WDT 5180 880 118 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 119 blocked block VBD 5180 880 120 as as IN 5180 880 121 " " `` 5180 880 122 Adults Adults NNP 5180 880 123 Only only RB 5180 880 124 , , , 5180 880 125 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 880 126 " " '' 5180 880 127 ; ; : 5180 880 128 " " `` 5180 880 129 Fight fight VB 5180 880 130 the the DT 5180 880 131 Death Death NNP 5180 880 132 Penalty Penalty NNP 5180 880 133 in in IN 5180 880 134 the the DT 5180 880 135 USA USA NNP 5180 880 136 , , , 5180 880 137 " " '' 5180 880 138 a a DT 5180 880 139 Danish danish JJ 5180 880 140 Web web NN 5180 880 141 site site NN 5180 880 142 dedicated dedicate VBN 5180 880 143 to to IN 5180 880 144 criticizing criticize VBG 5180 880 145 the the DT 5180 880 146 American american JJ 5180 880 147 system system NN 5180 880 148 of of IN 5180 880 149 capital capital NN 5180 880 150 punishment punishment NN 5180 880 151 , , , 5180 880 152 http://www.fdp.dk http://www.fdp.dk NNP 5180 880 153 , , , 5180 880 154 which which WDT 5180 880 155 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 156 blocked block VBD 5180 880 157 as as IN 5180 880 158 " " `` 5180 880 159 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 880 160 " " '' 5180 880 161 ; ; : 5180 880 162 and and CC 5180 880 163 " " `` 5180 880 164 Dumb Dumb NNP 5180 880 165 Laws Laws NNPS 5180 880 166 , , , 5180 880 167 " " '' 5180 880 168 a a DT 5180 880 169 humor humor NN 5180 880 170 Web web NN 5180 880 171 site site NN 5180 880 172 that that WDT 5180 880 173 makes make VBZ 5180 880 174 fun fun NN 5180 880 175 of of IN 5180 880 176 outmoded outmoded JJ 5180 880 177 laws law NNS 5180 880 178 , , , 5180 880 179 http://www.dumblaws.com http://www.dumblaws.com ADD 5180 880 180 , , , 5180 880 181 which which WDT 5180 880 182 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 880 183 blocked block VBD 5180 880 184 under under IN 5180 880 185 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 880 186 " " `` 5180 880 187 Sex sex NN 5180 880 188 " " '' 5180 880 189 category category NN 5180 880 190 . . . 5180 881 1 Erroneously erroneously RB 5180 881 2 blocked block VBN 5180 881 3 Web web NN 5180 881 4 sites site NNS 5180 881 5 relating relate VBG 5180 881 6 to to IN 5180 881 7 health health NN 5180 881 8 issues issue NNS 5180 881 9 included include VBD 5180 881 10 the the DT 5180 881 11 following follow VBG 5180 881 12 : : : 5180 881 13 a a DT 5180 881 14 guide guide NN 5180 881 15 to to IN 5180 881 16 allergies allergy NNS 5180 881 17 , , , 5180 881 18 http://www.x- http://www.x- NNP 5180 881 19 sitez.com/allergy sitez.com/allergy NNP 5180 881 20 , , , 5180 881 21 which which WDT 5180 881 22 was be VBD 5180 881 23 categorized categorize VBN 5180 881 24 as as IN 5180 881 25 " " `` 5180 881 26 Adults Adults NNP 5180 881 27 Only only RB 5180 881 28 , , , 5180 881 29 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 881 30 " " '' 5180 881 31 by by IN 5180 881 32 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 881 33 ; ; : 5180 881 34 a a DT 5180 881 35 health health NN 5180 881 36 question question NN 5180 881 37 and and CC 5180 881 38 answer answer NN 5180 881 39 site site NN 5180 881 40 sponsored sponsor VBN 5180 881 41 by by IN 5180 881 42 Columbia Columbia NNP 5180 881 43 University University NNP 5180 881 44 , , , 5180 881 45 http://www.goaskalice.com.columbia.edu http://www.goaskalice.com.columbia.edu NNS 5180 881 46 , , , 5180 881 47 which which WDT 5180 881 48 was be VBD 5180 881 49 blocked block VBN 5180 881 50 as as IN 5180 881 51 " " `` 5180 881 52 Sex sex NN 5180 881 53 " " '' 5180 881 54 by by IN 5180 881 55 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 881 56 , , , 5180 881 57 and and CC 5180 881 58 as as IN 5180 881 59 " " `` 5180 881 60 Mature Mature NNP 5180 881 61 " " '' 5180 881 62 by by IN 5180 881 63 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 881 64 ; ; : 5180 881 65 the the DT 5180 881 66 Western Western NNP 5180 881 67 Amputee Amputee NNP 5180 881 68 Support Support NNP 5180 881 69 Alliance Alliance NNP 5180 881 70 Home Home NNP 5180 881 71 Page Page NNP 5180 881 72 , , , 5180 881 73 http://www.usinter.net/wasa http://www.usinter.net/wasa ADD 5180 881 74 , , , 5180 881 75 which which WDT 5180 881 76 was be VBD 5180 881 77 blocked block VBN 5180 881 78 by by IN 5180 881 79 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 881 80 as as IN 5180 881 81 " " `` 5180 881 82 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 881 83 " " '' 5180 881 84 ; ; : 5180 881 85 the the DT 5180 881 86 Web web NN 5180 881 87 site site NN 5180 881 88 of of IN 5180 881 89 the the DT 5180 881 90 Willis Willis NNP 5180 881 91 - - HYPH 5180 881 92 Knighton Knighton NNP 5180 881 93 Cancer Cancer NNP 5180 881 94 Center Center NNP 5180 881 95 , , , 5180 881 96 a a DT 5180 881 97 Shreveport Shreveport NNP 5180 881 98 , , , 5180 881 99 Louisiana Louisiana NNP 5180 881 100 cancer cancer NN 5180 881 101 treatment treatment NN 5180 881 102 facility facility NN 5180 881 103 , , , 5180 881 104 http://cancerftr.wkmc.com http://cancerftr.wkmc.com NNP 5180 881 105 , , , 5180 881 106 which which WDT 5180 881 107 was be VBD 5180 881 108 blocked block VBN 5180 881 109 by by IN 5180 881 110 Websense Websense NNP 5180 881 111 under under IN 5180 881 112 the the DT 5180 881 113 " " `` 5180 881 114 Sex sex NN 5180 881 115 " " '' 5180 881 116 category category NN 5180 881 117 ; ; , 5180 881 118 and and CC 5180 881 119 a a DT 5180 881 120 site site NN 5180 881 121 dealing deal VBG 5180 881 122 with with IN 5180 881 123 halitosis halitosis NN 5180 881 124 , , , 5180 881 125 http://www.dreamcastle.com/tungs http://www.dreamcastle.com/tungs ADD 5180 881 126 , , , 5180 881 127 which which WDT 5180 881 128 was be VBD 5180 881 129 blocked block VBN 5180 881 130 by by IN 5180 881 131 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 881 132 as as IN 5180 881 133 " " `` 5180 881 134 Adults Adults NNP 5180 881 135 , , , 5180 881 136 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 881 137 , , , 5180 881 138 " " '' 5180 881 139 by by IN 5180 881 140 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 881 141 as as IN 5180 881 142 " " `` 5180 881 143 Sex sex NN 5180 881 144 , , , 5180 881 145 " " '' 5180 881 146 by by IN 5180 881 147 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 881 148 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 881 149 as as IN 5180 881 150 " " `` 5180 881 151 Adult adult NN 5180 881 152 / / , 5180 881 153 Sexually sexually RB 5180 881 154 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 881 155 , , , 5180 881 156 " " '' 5180 881 157 and and CC 5180 881 158 by by IN 5180 881 159 Websense Websense NNP 5180 881 160 as as IN 5180 881 161 " " `` 5180 881 162 Adult Adult NNP 5180 881 163 Content Content NNP 5180 881 164 . . . 5180 881 165 " " '' 5180 882 1 The the DT 5180 882 2 filtering filtering NN 5180 882 3 programs program NNS 5180 882 4 also also RB 5180 882 5 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 882 6 blocked block VBD 5180 882 7 several several JJ 5180 882 8 Web web NN 5180 882 9 sites site NNS 5180 882 10 having have VBG 5180 882 11 to to TO 5180 882 12 do do VB 5180 882 13 with with IN 5180 882 14 education education NN 5180 882 15 and and CC 5180 882 16 careers career NNS 5180 882 17 . . . 5180 883 1 The the DT 5180 883 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 883 3 programs program NNS 5180 883 4 blocked block VBD 5180 883 5 two two CD 5180 883 6 sites site NNS 5180 883 7 that that WDT 5180 883 8 provide provide VBP 5180 883 9 information information NN 5180 883 10 on on IN 5180 883 11 home home NN 5180 883 12 schooling schooling NN 5180 883 13 . . . 5180 884 1 " " `` 5180 884 2 HomEduStation homedustation NN 5180 884 3 – – : 5180 884 4 the the DT 5180 884 5 Internet Internet NNP 5180 884 6 Source Source NNP 5180 884 7 for for IN 5180 884 8 Home Home NNP 5180 884 9 Education Education NNP 5180 884 10 , , , 5180 884 11 " " '' 5180 884 12 http://www.perigee.net/~mcmullen/homedustation/ http://www.perigee.net/~mcmullen/homedustation/ UH 5180 884 13 , , , 5180 884 14 was be VBD 5180 884 15 categorized categorize VBN 5180 884 16 by by IN 5180 884 17 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 884 18 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 884 19 as as IN 5180 884 20 " " `` 5180 884 21 Adult adult NN 5180 884 22 / / , 5180 884 23 Sexually sexually RB 5180 884 24 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 884 25 . . . 5180 884 26 " " '' 5180 885 1 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 885 2 blocked block VBD 5180 885 3 " " `` 5180 885 4 Apricot Apricot NNP 5180 885 5 : : : 5180 885 6 A a DT 5180 885 7 Web web NN 5180 885 8 site site NN 5180 885 9 made make VBN 5180 885 10 by by IN 5180 885 11 and and CC 5180 885 12 for for IN 5180 885 13 home home NN 5180 885 14 schoolers schooler NNS 5180 885 15 , , , 5180 885 16 " " '' 5180 885 17 http://apricotpie.com http://apricotpie.com ADD 5180 885 18 , , , 5180 885 19 as as IN 5180 885 20 " " `` 5180 885 21 Sex Sex NNP 5180 885 22 . . . 5180 885 23 " " '' 5180 886 1 The the DT 5180 886 2 programs program NNS 5180 886 3 also also RB 5180 886 4 miscategorized miscategorize VBD 5180 886 5 several several JJ 5180 886 6 career career NN 5180 886 7 - - HYPH 5180 886 8 related relate VBN 5180 886 9 sites site NNS 5180 886 10 . . . 5180 887 1 " " `` 5180 887 2 Social Social NNP 5180 887 3 Work Work NNP 5180 887 4 Search Search NNP 5180 887 5 , , , 5180 887 6 " " '' 5180 887 7 http://www.socialworksearch.com/ http://www.socialworksearch.com/ NN 5180 887 8 , , , 5180 887 9 is be VBZ 5180 887 10 a a DT 5180 887 11 directory directory NN 5180 887 12 for for IN 5180 887 13 social social JJ 5180 887 14 workers worker NNS 5180 887 15 that that WDT 5180 887 16 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 887 17 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 887 18 placed place VBD 5180 887 19 in in IN 5180 887 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 887 21 " " `` 5180 887 22 Adult adult NN 5180 887 23 / / , 5180 887 24 Sexually sexually RB 5180 887 25 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 887 26 " " '' 5180 887 27 category category NN 5180 887 28 . . . 5180 888 1 The the DT 5180 888 2 " " `` 5180 888 3 Gay Gay NNP 5180 888 4 and and CC 5180 888 5 Lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 888 6 Chamber Chamber NNP 5180 888 7 of of IN 5180 888 8 Southern Southern NNP 5180 888 9 Nevada Nevada NNP 5180 888 10 , , , 5180 888 11 " " '' 5180 888 12 http://www.lambdalv.com http://www.lambdalv.com ADD 5180 888 13 , , , 5180 888 14 " " '' 5180 888 15 a a DT 5180 888 16 forum forum NN 5180 888 17 for for IN 5180 888 18 the the DT 5180 888 19 business business NN 5180 888 20 community community NN 5180 888 21 to to TO 5180 888 22 develop develop VB 5180 888 23 relationships relationship NNS 5180 888 24 within within IN 5180 888 25 the the DT 5180 888 26 Las Las NNP 5180 888 27 Vegas Vegas NNP 5180 888 28 lesbian lesbian NN 5180 888 29 , , , 5180 888 30 gay gay JJ 5180 888 31 , , , 5180 888 32 transsexual transsexual JJ 5180 888 33 , , , 5180 888 34 and and CC 5180 888 35 bisexual bisexual JJ 5180 888 36 community community NN 5180 888 37 " " '' 5180 888 38 was be VBD 5180 888 39 blocked block VBN 5180 888 40 by by IN 5180 888 41 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 888 42 as as IN 5180 888 43 " " `` 5180 888 44 Adults Adults NNP 5180 888 45 Only only RB 5180 888 46 , , , 5180 888 47 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 888 48 . . . 5180 888 49 " " '' 5180 889 1 A a DT 5180 889 2 site site NN 5180 889 3 for for IN 5180 889 4 aspiring aspire VBG 5180 889 5 dentists dentist NNS 5180 889 6 , , , 5180 889 7 http://www.vvm.com/~bond/home.htm http://www.vvm.com/~bond/home.htm ADD 5180 889 8 , , , 5180 889 9 was be VBD 5180 889 10 blocked block VBN 5180 889 11 by by IN 5180 889 12 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 889 13 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 889 14 in in IN 5180 889 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 889 16 " " `` 5180 889 17 Adult adult NN 5180 889 18 / / , 5180 889 19 Sexually sexually RB 5180 889 20 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 889 21 " " '' 5180 889 22 category category NN 5180 889 23 . . . 5180 890 1 The the DT 5180 890 2 filtering filtering NN 5180 890 3 programs program NNS 5180 890 4 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 890 5 blocked block VBD 5180 890 6 many many JJ 5180 890 7 travel travel NN 5180 890 8 Web web NN 5180 890 9 sites site NNS 5180 890 10 , , , 5180 890 11 including include VBG 5180 890 12 : : : 5180 890 13 the the DT 5180 890 14 Web web NN 5180 890 15 site site NN 5180 890 16 for for IN 5180 890 17 the the DT 5180 890 18 Allen Allen NNP 5180 890 19 Farmhouse Farmhouse NNP 5180 890 20 Bed Bed NNP 5180 890 21 & & CC 5180 890 22 Breakfast Breakfast NNP 5180 890 23 of of IN 5180 890 24 Alleghany Alleghany NNP 5180 890 25 County County NNP 5180 890 26 , , , 5180 890 27 North North NNP 5180 890 28 Carolina Carolina NNP 5180 890 29 , , , 5180 890 30 http://planet- http://planet- NFP 5180 890 31 nc.com/Beth/index.html nc.com/Beth/index.html NNP 5180 890 32 , , , 5180 890 33 which which WDT 5180 890 34 Websense Websense NNP 5180 890 35 blocked block VBD 5180 890 36 as as IN 5180 890 37 " " `` 5180 890 38 Adult Adult NNP 5180 890 39 Content content NN 5180 890 40 " " '' 5180 890 41 ; ; : 5180 890 42 Odysseus Odysseus NNP 5180 890 43 Gay Gay NNP 5180 890 44 Travel Travel NNP 5180 890 45 , , , 5180 890 46 a a DT 5180 890 47 travel travel NN 5180 890 48 company company NN 5180 890 49 serving serve VBG 5180 890 50 gay gay JJ 5180 890 51 men man NNS 5180 890 52 , , , 5180 890 53 http://www.odyusa.com http://www.odyusa.com ADD 5180 890 54 , , , 5180 890 55 which which WDT 5180 890 56 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 890 57 categorized categorize VBD 5180 890 58 as as IN 5180 890 59 " " `` 5180 890 60 Adults Adults NNP 5180 890 61 Only only RB 5180 890 62 , , , 5180 890 63 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 890 64 " " '' 5180 890 65 ; ; : 5180 890 66 Southern Southern NNP 5180 890 67 Alberta Alberta NNP 5180 890 68 Fly Fly NNP 5180 890 69 Fishing Fishing NNP 5180 890 70 Outfitters Outfitters NNPS 5180 890 71 , , , 5180 890 72 http://albertaflyfish.com http://albertaflyfish.com ADD 5180 890 73 , , , 5180 890 74 which which WDT 5180 890 75 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 890 76 blocked block VBD 5180 890 77 as as IN 5180 890 78 " " `` 5180 890 79 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 890 80 " " '' 5180 890 81 ; ; : 5180 890 82 and and CC 5180 890 83 " " `` 5180 890 84 Nature Nature NNP 5180 890 85 and and CC 5180 890 86 Culture Culture NNP 5180 890 87 Conscious Conscious NNP 5180 890 88 Travel Travel NNP 5180 890 89 , , , 5180 890 90 " " '' 5180 890 91 a a DT 5180 890 92 tour tour NN 5180 890 93 operator operator NN 5180 890 94 in in IN 5180 890 95 Namibia Namibia NNP 5180 890 96 , , , 5180 890 97 http://www.trans-namibia-tours.com http://www.trans-namibia-tours.com NNP 5180 890 98 , , , 5180 890 99 which which WDT 5180 890 100 was be VBD 5180 890 101 categorized categorize VBN 5180 890 102 as as IN 5180 890 103 " " `` 5180 890 104 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 890 105 " " '' 5180 890 106 by by IN 5180 890 107 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 890 108 . . . 5180 891 1 The the DT 5180 891 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 891 3 programs program NNS 5180 891 4 also also RB 5180 891 5 miscategorized miscategorize VBD 5180 891 6 a a DT 5180 891 7 large large JJ 5180 891 8 number number NN 5180 891 9 of of IN 5180 891 10 sports sport NNS 5180 891 11 Web web NN 5180 891 12 sites site NNS 5180 891 13 . . . 5180 892 1 These these DT 5180 892 2 included include VBD 5180 892 3 : : : 5180 892 4 a a DT 5180 892 5 site site NN 5180 892 6 devoted devote VBN 5180 892 7 to to IN 5180 892 8 Willie Willie NNP 5180 892 9 O'Ree O'Ree NNP 5180 892 10 , , , 5180 892 11 the the DT 5180 892 12 first first JJ 5180 892 13 African african JJ 5180 892 14 - - HYPH 5180 892 15 American american JJ 5180 892 16 player player NN 5180 892 17 in in IN 5180 892 18 the the DT 5180 892 19 National National NNP 5180 892 20 Hockey Hockey NNP 5180 892 21 League League NNP 5180 892 22 , , , 5180 892 23 http://www.missioncreep.com/mw/oree.html http://www.missioncreep.com/mw/oree.html NNP 5180 892 24 , , , 5180 892 25 which which WDT 5180 892 26 Websense Websense NNP 5180 892 27 blocked block VBD 5180 892 28 under under IN 5180 892 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 892 30 " " `` 5180 892 31 Nudity Nudity NNP 5180 892 32 " " '' 5180 892 33 category category NN 5180 892 34 ; ; : 5180 892 35 the the DT 5180 892 36 home home NN 5180 892 37 page page NN 5180 892 38 of of IN 5180 892 39 the the DT 5180 892 40 Sydney Sydney NNP 5180 892 41 University University NNP 5180 892 42 Australian Australian NNP 5180 892 43 Football Football NNP 5180 892 44 Club Club NNP 5180 892 45 , , , 5180 892 46 http://www.tek.com.au/suafc http://www.tek.com.au/suafc NN 5180 892 47 , , , 5180 892 48 which which WDT 5180 892 49 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 892 50 blocked block VBD 5180 892 51 as as IN 5180 892 52 " " `` 5180 892 53 Adults Adults NNP 5180 892 54 Only only RB 5180 892 55 , , , 5180 892 56 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 892 57 , , , 5180 892 58 " " '' 5180 892 59 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 892 60 blocked block VBD 5180 892 61 as as IN 5180 892 62 " " `` 5180 892 63 Sex sex NN 5180 892 64 , , , 5180 892 65 " " '' 5180 892 66 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 892 67 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 892 68 blocked block VBD 5180 892 69 as as IN 5180 892 70 " " `` 5180 892 71 Adult adult NN 5180 892 72 / / , 5180 892 73 Sexually sexually RB 5180 892 74 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 892 75 " " '' 5180 892 76 and and CC 5180 892 77 Websense Websense NNP 5180 892 78 blocked block VBD 5180 892 79 as as IN 5180 892 80 " " `` 5180 892 81 Sex Sex NNP 5180 892 82 " " '' 5180 892 83 ; ; : 5180 892 84 and and CC 5180 892 85 a a DT 5180 892 86 fan fan NN 5180 892 87 's 's POS 5180 892 88 page page NN 5180 892 89 devoted devote VBN 5180 892 90 to to IN 5180 892 91 the the DT 5180 892 92 Toronto Toronto NNP 5180 892 93 Maple Maple NNP 5180 892 94 Leafs Leafs NNP 5180 892 95 hockey hockey NN 5180 892 96 team team NN 5180 892 97 , , , 5180 892 98 http://www.torontomapleleafs.atmypage.com http://www.torontomapleleafs.atmypage.com ADD 5180 892 99 , , , 5180 892 100 which which WDT 5180 892 101 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 892 102 blocked block VBD 5180 892 103 under under IN 5180 892 104 the the DT 5180 892 105 " " `` 5180 892 106 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 892 107 " " '' 5180 892 108 category category NN 5180 892 109 . . . 5180 893 1 7 7 LS 5180 893 2 . . . 5180 894 1 Conclusion conclusion NN 5180 894 2 : : : 5180 894 3 The the DT 5180 894 4 Effectiveness Effectiveness NNP 5180 894 5 of of IN 5180 894 6 Filtering filter VBG 5180 894 7 Programs Programs NNPS 5180 894 8 Public public JJ 5180 894 9 libraries library NNS 5180 894 10 have have VBP 5180 894 11 adopted adopt VBN 5180 894 12 a a DT 5180 894 13 variety variety NN 5180 894 14 of of IN 5180 894 15 means mean NNS 5180 894 16 of of IN 5180 894 17 dealing deal VBG 5180 894 18 with with IN 5180 894 19 problems problem NNS 5180 894 20 created create VBN 5180 894 21 by by IN 5180 894 22 the the DT 5180 894 23 provision provision NN 5180 894 24 of of IN 5180 894 25 Internet internet NN 5180 894 26 access access NN 5180 894 27 . . . 5180 895 1 The the DT 5180 895 2 large large JJ 5180 895 3 amount amount NN 5180 895 4 of of IN 5180 895 5 sexually sexually RB 5180 895 6 explicit explicit JJ 5180 895 7 speech speech NN 5180 895 8 that that WDT 5180 895 9 is be VBZ 5180 895 10 freely freely RB 5180 895 11 available available JJ 5180 895 12 on on IN 5180 895 13 the the DT 5180 895 14 Internet internet NN 5180 895 15 has have VBZ 5180 895 16 , , , 5180 895 17 to to IN 5180 895 18 varying vary VBG 5180 895 19 degrees degree NNS 5180 895 20 , , , 5180 895 21 led lead VBN 5180 895 22 to to IN 5180 895 23 patron patron NN 5180 895 24 complaints complaint NNS 5180 895 25 about about IN 5180 895 26 such such JJ 5180 895 27 matters matter NNS 5180 895 28 as as IN 5180 895 29 unsought unsought NN 5180 895 30 exposure exposure NN 5180 895 31 to to IN 5180 895 32 offensive offensive JJ 5180 895 33 material material NN 5180 895 34 , , , 5180 895 35 incidents incident NNS 5180 895 36 of of IN 5180 895 37 staff staff NN 5180 895 38 and and CC 5180 895 39 patron patron NN 5180 895 40 harassment harassment NN 5180 895 41 by by IN 5180 895 42 individuals individual NNS 5180 895 43 viewing view VBG 5180 895 44 sexually sexually RB 5180 895 45 explicit explicit JJ 5180 895 46 content content NN 5180 895 47 on on IN 5180 895 48 the the DT 5180 895 49 Internet internet NN 5180 895 50 , , , 5180 895 51 and and CC 5180 895 52 the the DT 5180 895 53 use use NN 5180 895 54 of of IN 5180 895 55 library library JJ 5180 895 56 computers computer NNS 5180 895 57 to to TO 5180 895 58 access access VB 5180 895 59 illegal illegal JJ 5180 895 60 material material NN 5180 895 61 , , , 5180 895 62 such such JJ 5180 895 63 as as IN 5180 895 64 child child NN 5180 895 65 pornography pornography NN 5180 895 66 . . . 5180 896 1 In in IN 5180 896 2 some some DT 5180 896 3 libraries library NNS 5180 896 4 , , , 5180 896 5 youthful youthful JJ 5180 896 6 library library NN 5180 896 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 896 8 have have VBP 5180 896 9 persistently persistently RB 5180 896 10 attempted attempt VBN 5180 896 11 to to TO 5180 896 12 use use VB 5180 896 13 the the DT 5180 896 14 Internet internet NN 5180 896 15 to to TO 5180 896 16 access access VB 5180 896 17 hardcore hardcore JJ 5180 896 18 pornography pornography NN 5180 896 19 . . . 5180 897 1 Those those DT 5180 897 2 public public JJ 5180 897 3 libraries library NNS 5180 897 4 that that WDT 5180 897 5 have have VBP 5180 897 6 responded respond VBN 5180 897 7 to to IN 5180 897 8 these these DT 5180 897 9 problems problem NNS 5180 897 10 by by IN 5180 897 11 using use VBG 5180 897 12 software software NN 5180 897 13 filters filter NNS 5180 897 14 have have VBP 5180 897 15 found find VBN 5180 897 16 such such JJ 5180 897 17 filters filter NNS 5180 897 18 to to TO 5180 897 19 provide provide VB 5180 897 20 a a DT 5180 897 21 relatively relatively RB 5180 897 22 effective effective JJ 5180 897 23 means mean NNS 5180 897 24 of of IN 5180 897 25 preventing prevent VBG 5180 897 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 897 27 from from IN 5180 897 28 accessing access VBG 5180 897 29 sexually sexually RB 5180 897 30 explicit explicit JJ 5180 897 31 material material NN 5180 897 32 on on IN 5180 897 33 the the DT 5180 897 34 Internet internet NN 5180 897 35 . . . 5180 898 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 898 2 , , , 5180 898 3 out out IN 5180 898 4 of of IN 5180 898 5 the the DT 5180 898 6 entire entire JJ 5180 898 7 universe universe NN 5180 898 8 of of IN 5180 898 9 speech speech NN 5180 898 10 on on IN 5180 898 11 the the DT 5180 898 12 Internet internet NN 5180 898 13 falling fall VBG 5180 898 14 within within IN 5180 898 15 the the DT 5180 898 16 filtering filtering NN 5180 898 17 products product NNS 5180 898 18 ' ' POS 5180 898 19 category category NN 5180 898 20 definitions definition NNS 5180 898 21 , , , 5180 898 22 the the DT 5180 898 23 filters filter NNS 5180 898 24 will will MD 5180 898 25 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 898 26 fail fail VB 5180 898 27 to to TO 5180 898 28 block block VB 5180 898 29 a a DT 5180 898 30 substantial substantial JJ 5180 898 31 amount amount NN 5180 898 32 of of IN 5180 898 33 speech speech NN 5180 898 34 . . . 5180 899 1 Thus thus RB 5180 899 2 , , , 5180 899 3 software software NN 5180 899 4 filters filter NNS 5180 899 5 have have VBP 5180 899 6 not not RB 5180 899 7 completely completely RB 5180 899 8 eliminated eliminate VBN 5180 899 9 the the DT 5180 899 10 problems problem NNS 5180 899 11 that that WDT 5180 899 12 public public JJ 5180 899 13 libraries library NNS 5180 899 14 have have VBP 5180 899 15 sought seek VBN 5180 899 16 to to TO 5180 899 17 address address VB 5180 899 18 by by IN 5180 899 19 using use VBG 5180 899 20 the the DT 5180 899 21 filters filter NNS 5180 899 22 , , , 5180 899 23 as as IN 5180 899 24 evidenced evidence VBN 5180 899 25 by by IN 5180 899 26 frequent frequent JJ 5180 899 27 instances instance NNS 5180 899 28 of of IN 5180 899 29 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 899 30 . . . 5180 900 1 Nor nor CC 5180 900 2 is be VBZ 5180 900 3 there there EX 5180 900 4 any any DT 5180 900 5 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 900 6 evidence evidence NN 5180 900 7 of of IN 5180 900 8 the the DT 5180 900 9 relative relative JJ 5180 900 10 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 900 11 of of IN 5180 900 12 filters filter NNS 5180 900 13 and and CC 5180 900 14 the the DT 5180 900 15 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 900 16 to to IN 5180 900 17 filters filter NNS 5180 900 18 that that WDT 5180 900 19 are be VBP 5180 900 20 also also RB 5180 900 21 intended intend VBN 5180 900 22 to to TO 5180 900 23 prevent prevent VB 5180 900 24 patrons patron NNS 5180 900 25 from from IN 5180 900 26 accessing access VBG 5180 900 27 illegal illegal JJ 5180 900 28 content content NN 5180 900 29 on on IN 5180 900 30 the the DT 5180 900 31 Internet internet NN 5180 900 32 . . . 5180 901 1 Even even RB 5180 901 2 more more RBR 5180 901 3 importantly importantly RB 5180 901 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 901 5 for for IN 5180 901 6 this this DT 5180 901 7 case case NN 5180 901 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 901 9 , , , 5180 901 10 although although IN 5180 901 11 software software NN 5180 901 12 filters filter NNS 5180 901 13 provide provide VBP 5180 901 14 a a DT 5180 901 15 relatively relatively RB 5180 901 16 cheap cheap JJ 5180 901 17 and and CC 5180 901 18 effective effective JJ 5180 901 19 , , , 5180 901 20 albeit albeit IN 5180 901 21 imperfect imperfect NN 5180 901 22 , , , 5180 901 23 means mean VBZ 5180 901 24 for for IN 5180 901 25 public public JJ 5180 901 26 libraries library NNS 5180 901 27 to to TO 5180 901 28 prevent prevent VB 5180 901 29 patrons patron NNS 5180 901 30 from from IN 5180 901 31 accessing access VBG 5180 901 32 speech speech NN 5180 901 33 that that WDT 5180 901 34 falls fall VBZ 5180 901 35 within within IN 5180 901 36 the the DT 5180 901 37 filters filter NNS 5180 901 38 ' ' POS 5180 901 39 category category NN 5180 901 40 definitions definition NNS 5180 901 41 , , , 5180 901 42 we -PRON- PRP 5180 901 43 find find VBP 5180 901 44 that that IN 5180 901 45 commercially commercially RB 5180 901 46 available available JJ 5180 901 47 filtering filtering NN 5180 901 48 programs program NNS 5180 901 49 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 901 50 block block VBP 5180 901 51 a a DT 5180 901 52 huge huge JJ 5180 901 53 amount amount NN 5180 901 54 of of IN 5180 901 55 speech speech NN 5180 901 56 that that WDT 5180 901 57 is be VBZ 5180 901 58 protected protect VBN 5180 901 59 by by IN 5180 901 60 the the DT 5180 901 61 First First NNP 5180 901 62 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 901 63 . . . 5180 902 1 Any any DT 5180 902 2 currently currently RB 5180 902 3 available available JJ 5180 902 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 902 5 product product NN 5180 902 6 that that WDT 5180 902 7 is be VBZ 5180 902 8 reasonably reasonably RB 5180 902 9 effective effective JJ 5180 902 10 in in IN 5180 902 11 preventing prevent VBG 5180 902 12 users user NNS 5180 902 13 from from IN 5180 902 14 accessing access VBG 5180 902 15 content content NN 5180 902 16 within within IN 5180 902 17 the the DT 5180 902 18 filter filter NN 5180 902 19 's 's POS 5180 902 20 category category NN 5180 902 21 definitions definition NNS 5180 902 22 will will MD 5180 902 23 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 902 24 block block VB 5180 902 25 countless countless JJ 5180 902 26 thousands thousand NNS 5180 902 27 of of IN 5180 902 28 Web web NN 5180 902 29 pages page NNS 5180 902 30 , , , 5180 902 31 the the DT 5180 902 32 content content NN 5180 902 33 of of IN 5180 902 34 which which WDT 5180 902 35 does do VBZ 5180 902 36 not not RB 5180 902 37 match match VB 5180 902 38 the the DT 5180 902 39 filtering filter VBG 5180 902 40 company company NN 5180 902 41 's 's POS 5180 902 42 category category NN 5180 902 43 definitions definition NNS 5180 902 44 , , , 5180 902 45 much much RB 5180 902 46 less less JJR 5180 902 47 the the DT 5180 902 48 legal legal JJ 5180 902 49 definitions definition NNS 5180 902 50 of of IN 5180 902 51 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 902 52 , , , 5180 902 53 child child NN 5180 902 54 pornography pornography NN 5180 902 55 , , , 5180 902 56 or or CC 5180 902 57 harmful harmful JJ 5180 902 58 to to IN 5180 902 59 minors minor NNS 5180 902 60 . . . 5180 903 1 Even even RB 5180 903 2 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 903 3 , , , 5180 903 4 an an DT 5180 903 5 expert expert JJ 5180 903 6 witness witness NN 5180 903 7 for for IN 5180 903 8 the the DT 5180 903 9 defendants defendant NNS 5180 903 10 , , , 5180 903 11 found find VBD 5180 903 12 that that IN 5180 903 13 between between IN 5180 903 14 6 6 CD 5180 903 15 % % NN 5180 903 16 and and CC 5180 903 17 15 15 CD 5180 903 18 % % NN 5180 903 19 of of IN 5180 903 20 the the DT 5180 903 21 blocked block VBN 5180 903 22 Web web NN 5180 903 23 sites site NNS 5180 903 24 in in IN 5180 903 25 the the DT 5180 903 26 public public JJ 5180 903 27 libraries library NNS 5180 903 28 that that WDT 5180 903 29 he -PRON- PRP 5180 903 30 analyzed analyze VBD 5180 903 31 did do VBD 5180 903 32 not not RB 5180 903 33 contain contain VB 5180 903 34 content content NN 5180 903 35 that that WDT 5180 903 36 meets meet VBZ 5180 903 37 even even RB 5180 903 38 the the DT 5180 903 39 filtering filtering NN 5180 903 40 products product NNS 5180 903 41 ' ' POS 5180 903 42 own own JJ 5180 903 43 definitions definition NNS 5180 903 44 of of IN 5180 903 45 sexually sexually RB 5180 903 46 explicit explicit JJ 5180 903 47 content content NN 5180 903 48 , , , 5180 903 49 let let VB 5180 903 50 alone alone RB 5180 903 51 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 903 52 's 's POS 5180 903 53 definitions definition NNS 5180 903 54 . . . 5180 904 1 This this DT 5180 904 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN 5180 904 3 occurs occur VBZ 5180 904 4 for for IN 5180 904 5 a a DT 5180 904 6 number number NN 5180 904 7 of of IN 5180 904 8 reasons reason NNS 5180 904 9 explicated explicate VBN 5180 904 10 in in IN 5180 904 11 the the DT 5180 904 12 more more RBR 5180 904 13 detailed detailed JJ 5180 904 14 findings finding NNS 5180 904 15 of of IN 5180 904 16 fact fact NN 5180 904 17 supra supra NNP 5180 904 18 . . . 5180 905 1 These these DT 5180 905 2 include include VBP 5180 905 3 limitations limitation NNS 5180 905 4 on on IN 5180 905 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 905 6 companies company NNS 5180 905 7 ' ' POS 5180 905 8 ability ability NN 5180 905 9 to to TO 5180 905 10 : : : 5180 905 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 905 12 1 1 LS 5180 905 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 905 14 harvest harvest NN 5180 905 15 Web web NN 5180 905 16 pages page NNS 5180 905 17 for for IN 5180 905 18 review review NN 5180 905 19 ; ; , 5180 905 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 905 21 2 2 LS 5180 905 22 ) ) -RRB- 5180 905 23 review review VB 5180 905 24 and and CC 5180 905 25 categorize categorize VB 5180 905 26 the the DT 5180 905 27 Web web NN 5180 905 28 pages page NNS 5180 905 29 that that IN 5180 905 30 they -PRON- PRP 5180 905 31 have have VBP 5180 905 32 harvested harvest VBN 5180 905 33 ; ; : 5180 905 34 and and CC 5180 905 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 905 36 3 3 LS 5180 905 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 905 38 engage engage VB 5180 905 39 in in IN 5180 905 40 regular regular JJ 5180 905 41 re re NN 5180 905 42 - - NN 5180 905 43 review review NN 5180 905 44 of of IN 5180 905 45 the the DT 5180 905 46 Web web NN 5180 905 47 pages page NNS 5180 905 48 that that IN 5180 905 49 they -PRON- PRP 5180 905 50 have have VBP 5180 905 51 previously previously RB 5180 905 52 reviewed review VBN 5180 905 53 . . . 5180 906 1 The the DT 5180 906 2 primary primary JJ 5180 906 3 limitations limitation NNS 5180 906 4 on on IN 5180 906 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 906 6 companies company NNS 5180 906 7 ' ' POS 5180 906 8 ability ability NN 5180 906 9 to to TO 5180 906 10 harvest harvest VB 5180 906 11 Web web NN 5180 906 12 pages page NNS 5180 906 13 for for IN 5180 906 14 review review NN 5180 906 15 is be VBZ 5180 906 16 that that IN 5180 906 17 a a DT 5180 906 18 substantial substantial JJ 5180 906 19 majority majority NN 5180 906 20 of of IN 5180 906 21 pages page NNS 5180 906 22 on on IN 5180 906 23 the the DT 5180 906 24 Web web NN 5180 906 25 are be VBP 5180 906 26 not not RB 5180 906 27 indexable indexable JJ 5180 906 28 using use VBG 5180 906 29 the the DT 5180 906 30 spidering spidere VBG 5180 906 31 technology technology NN 5180 906 32 that that WDT 5180 906 33 Web web NN 5180 906 34 search search NN 5180 906 35 engines engine NNS 5180 906 36 use use VBP 5180 906 37 , , , 5180 906 38 and and CC 5180 906 39 that that IN 5180 906 40 together together RB 5180 906 41 , , , 5180 906 42 search search NN 5180 906 43 engines engine NNS 5180 906 44 have have VBP 5180 906 45 indexed index VBN 5180 906 46 only only RB 5180 906 47 around around IN 5180 906 48 half half NN 5180 906 49 of of IN 5180 906 50 the the DT 5180 906 51 Web web NN 5180 906 52 pages page NNS 5180 906 53 that that WDT 5180 906 54 are be VBP 5180 906 55 theoretically theoretically RB 5180 906 56 indexable indexable JJ 5180 906 57 . . . 5180 907 1 The the DT 5180 907 2 fast fast JJ 5180 907 3 rate rate NN 5180 907 4 of of IN 5180 907 5 growth growth NN 5180 907 6 in in IN 5180 907 7 the the DT 5180 907 8 number number NN 5180 907 9 of of IN 5180 907 10 Web web NN 5180 907 11 pages page NNS 5180 907 12 also also RB 5180 907 13 limits limit VBZ 5180 907 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 907 15 companies company NNS 5180 907 16 ' ' POS 5180 907 17 ability ability NN 5180 907 18 to to TO 5180 907 19 harvest harvest VB 5180 907 20 pages page NNS 5180 907 21 for for IN 5180 907 22 review review NN 5180 907 23 . . . 5180 908 1 These these DT 5180 908 2 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 5180 908 3 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 908 4 result result VBP 5180 908 5 in in IN 5180 908 6 significant significant JJ 5180 908 7 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 908 8 . . . 5180 909 1 Several several JJ 5180 909 2 limitations limitation NNS 5180 909 3 on on IN 5180 909 4 filtering filter VBG 5180 909 5 companies company NNS 5180 909 6 ' ' POS 5180 909 7 ability ability NN 5180 909 8 to to TO 5180 909 9 review review VB 5180 909 10 and and CC 5180 909 11 categorize categorize VB 5180 909 12 the the DT 5180 909 13 Web web NN 5180 909 14 pages page NNS 5180 909 15 that that IN 5180 909 16 they -PRON- PRP 5180 909 17 have have VBP 5180 909 18 harvested harvest VBN 5180 909 19 also also RB 5180 909 20 contribute contribute VB 5180 909 21 to to IN 5180 909 22 over- over- NN 5180 909 23 and and CC 5180 909 24 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 909 25 . . . 5180 910 1 First first RB 5180 910 2 , , , 5180 910 3 automated automated JJ 5180 910 4 review review NN 5180 910 5 processes process NNS 5180 910 6 , , , 5180 910 7 even even RB 5180 910 8 those those DT 5180 910 9 based base VBN 5180 910 10 on on IN 5180 910 11 " " `` 5180 910 12 artificial artificial JJ 5180 910 13 intelligence intelligence NN 5180 910 14 , , , 5180 910 15 " " '' 5180 910 16 are be VBP 5180 910 17 unable unable JJ 5180 910 18 with with IN 5180 910 19 any any DT 5180 910 20 consistency consistency NN 5180 910 21 to to TO 5180 910 22 distinguish distinguish VB 5180 910 23 accurately accurately RB 5180 910 24 material material NN 5180 910 25 that that WDT 5180 910 26 falls fall VBZ 5180 910 27 within within IN 5180 910 28 a a DT 5180 910 29 category category NN 5180 910 30 definition definition NN 5180 910 31 from from IN 5180 910 32 material material NN 5180 910 33 that that WDT 5180 910 34 does do VBZ 5180 910 35 not not RB 5180 910 36 . . . 5180 911 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 911 2 , , , 5180 911 3 human human JJ 5180 911 4 review review NN 5180 911 5 of of IN 5180 911 6 URLs URLs NNP 5180 911 7 is be VBZ 5180 911 8 hampered hamper VBN 5180 911 9 by by IN 5180 911 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 911 11 companies company NNS 5180 911 12 ' ' POS 5180 911 13 limited limited JJ 5180 911 14 staff staff NN 5180 911 15 sizes size NNS 5180 911 16 , , , 5180 911 17 and and CC 5180 911 18 by by IN 5180 911 19 human human JJ 5180 911 20 error error NN 5180 911 21 or or CC 5180 911 22 misjudgment misjudgment NN 5180 911 23 . . . 5180 912 1 In in IN 5180 912 2 order order NN 5180 912 3 to to TO 5180 912 4 deal deal VB 5180 912 5 with with IN 5180 912 6 the the DT 5180 912 7 vast vast JJ 5180 912 8 size size NN 5180 912 9 of of IN 5180 912 10 the the DT 5180 912 11 Web web NN 5180 912 12 and and CC 5180 912 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 912 14 rapid rapid JJ 5180 912 15 rates rate NNS 5180 912 16 of of IN 5180 912 17 growth growth NN 5180 912 18 and and CC 5180 912 19 change change NN 5180 912 20 , , , 5180 912 21 filtering filter VBG 5180 912 22 companies company NNS 5180 912 23 engage engage VBP 5180 912 24 in in IN 5180 912 25 several several JJ 5180 912 26 practices practice NNS 5180 912 27 that that WDT 5180 912 28 are be VBP 5180 912 29 necessary necessary JJ 5180 912 30 to to TO 5180 912 31 reduce reduce VB 5180 912 32 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 912 33 , , , 5180 912 34 but but CC 5180 912 35 inevitably inevitably RB 5180 912 36 result result VBP 5180 912 37 in in IN 5180 912 38 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 912 39 . . . 5180 913 1 These these DT 5180 913 2 include include VBP 5180 913 3 : : : 5180 913 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 913 5 1 1 LS 5180 913 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 913 7 blocking block VBG 5180 913 8 whole whole JJ 5180 913 9 Web web NN 5180 913 10 sites site NNS 5180 913 11 even even RB 5180 913 12 when when WRB 5180 913 13 only only RB 5180 913 14 a a DT 5180 913 15 small small JJ 5180 913 16 minority minority NN 5180 913 17 of of IN 5180 913 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 913 19 pages page NNS 5180 913 20 contain contain VBP 5180 913 21 material material NN 5180 913 22 that that WDT 5180 913 23 would would MD 5180 913 24 fit fit VB 5180 913 25 under under IN 5180 913 26 one one CD 5180 913 27 of of IN 5180 913 28 the the DT 5180 913 29 filtering filter VBG 5180 913 30 company company NN 5180 913 31 's 's POS 5180 913 32 categories category NNS 5180 913 33 ( ( -LRB- 5180 913 34 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 913 35 , , , 5180 913 36 blocking block VBG 5180 913 37 the the DT 5180 913 38 Salon.com Salon.com NNP 5180 913 39 site site NN 5180 913 40 because because IN 5180 913 41 it -PRON- PRP 5180 913 42 contains contain VBZ 5180 913 43 a a DT 5180 913 44 sex sex NN 5180 913 45 column column NN 5180 913 46 ) ) -RRB- 5180 913 47 ; ; , 5180 913 48 ( ( -LRB- 5180 913 49 2 2 LS 5180 913 50 ) ) -RRB- 5180 913 51 blocking block VBG 5180 913 52 by by IN 5180 913 53 IP IP NNP 5180 913 54 address address NN 5180 913 55 ( ( -LRB- 5180 913 56 because because IN 5180 913 57 a a DT 5180 913 58 single single JJ 5180 913 59 IP IP NNP 5180 913 60 address address NN 5180 913 61 may may MD 5180 913 62 contain contain VB 5180 913 63 many many JJ 5180 913 64 different different JJ 5180 913 65 Web web NN 5180 913 66 sites site NNS 5180 913 67 and and CC 5180 913 68 many many JJ 5180 913 69 thousands thousand NNS 5180 913 70 of of IN 5180 913 71 pages page NNS 5180 913 72 of of IN 5180 913 73 heterogenous heterogenous JJ 5180 913 74 content content NN 5180 913 75 ) ) -RRB- 5180 913 76 ; ; : 5180 913 77 and and CC 5180 913 78 ( ( -LRB- 5180 913 79 3 3 LS 5180 913 80 ) ) -RRB- 5180 913 81 blocking block VBG 5180 913 82 loophole loophole NN 5180 913 83 sites site NNS 5180 913 84 such such JJ 5180 913 85 as as IN 5180 913 86 translator translator NN 5180 913 87 sites site NNS 5180 913 88 and and CC 5180 913 89 cache cache JJ 5180 913 90 sites site NNS 5180 913 91 , , , 5180 913 92 which which WDT 5180 913 93 archive archive NN 5180 913 94 Web web NN 5180 913 95 pages page NNS 5180 913 96 that that WDT 5180 913 97 have have VBP 5180 913 98 been be VBN 5180 913 99 removed remove VBN 5180 913 100 from from IN 5180 913 101 the the DT 5180 913 102 Web web NN 5180 913 103 by by IN 5180 913 104 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 913 105 original original JJ 5180 913 106 publisher publisher NN 5180 913 107 . . . 5180 914 1 Finally finally RB 5180 914 2 , , , 5180 914 3 filtering filter VBG 5180 914 4 companies company NNS 5180 914 5 ' ' POS 5180 914 6 failure failure NN 5180 914 7 to to TO 5180 914 8 engage engage VB 5180 914 9 in in IN 5180 914 10 regular regular JJ 5180 914 11 re re NN 5180 914 12 - - NN 5180 914 13 review review NN 5180 914 14 of of IN 5180 914 15 Web web NN 5180 914 16 pages page NNS 5180 914 17 that that IN 5180 914 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 914 19 have have VBP 5180 914 20 already already RB 5180 914 21 categorized categorize VBN 5180 914 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 914 23 or or CC 5180 914 24 that that IN 5180 914 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 914 26 have have VBP 5180 914 27 determined determine VBN 5180 914 28 do do VBP 5180 914 29 not not RB 5180 914 30 fall fall VB 5180 914 31 into into IN 5180 914 32 any any DT 5180 914 33 category category NN 5180 914 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 914 35 results result VBZ 5180 914 36 in in IN 5180 914 37 a a DT 5180 914 38 substantial substantial JJ 5180 914 39 amount amount NN 5180 914 40 of of IN 5180 914 41 over- over- NN 5180 914 42 and and CC 5180 914 43 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 914 44 . . . 5180 915 1 For for IN 5180 915 2 example example NN 5180 915 3 , , , 5180 915 4 Web web NN 5180 915 5 publishers publisher NNS 5180 915 6 change change VBP 5180 915 7 the the DT 5180 915 8 contents content NNS 5180 915 9 of of IN 5180 915 10 Web web NN 5180 915 11 pages page NNS 5180 915 12 frequently frequently RB 5180 915 13 . . . 5180 916 1 The the DT 5180 916 2 problem problem NN 5180 916 3 also also RB 5180 916 4 arises arise VBZ 5180 916 5 when when WRB 5180 916 6 a a DT 5180 916 7 Web web NN 5180 916 8 site site NN 5180 916 9 goes go VBZ 5180 916 10 out out IN 5180 916 11 of of IN 5180 916 12 existence existence NN 5180 916 13 and and CC 5180 916 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 916 15 domain domain NN 5180 916 16 name name NN 5180 916 17 or or CC 5180 916 18 IP IP NNP 5180 916 19 address address NN 5180 916 20 is be VBZ 5180 916 21 reassigned reassign VBN 5180 916 22 to to IN 5180 916 23 a a DT 5180 916 24 new new JJ 5180 916 25 Web web NN 5180 916 26 site site NN 5180 916 27 publisher publisher NN 5180 916 28 . . . 5180 917 1 In in IN 5180 917 2 that that DT 5180 917 3 case case NN 5180 917 4 , , , 5180 917 5 a a DT 5180 917 6 filtering filter VBG 5180 917 7 company company NN 5180 917 8 's 's POS 5180 917 9 previous previous JJ 5180 917 10 categorization categorization NN 5180 917 11 of of IN 5180 917 12 the the DT 5180 917 13 IP IP NNP 5180 917 14 address address NN 5180 917 15 or or CC 5180 917 16 domain domain NN 5180 917 17 name name NN 5180 917 18 would would MD 5180 917 19 likely likely RB 5180 917 20 be be VB 5180 917 21 incorrect incorrect JJ 5180 917 22 , , , 5180 917 23 potentially potentially RB 5180 917 24 resulting result VBG 5180 917 25 in in IN 5180 917 26 the the DT 5180 917 27 over- over- NN 5180 917 28 or or CC 5180 917 29 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 917 30 of of IN 5180 917 31 many many JJ 5180 917 32 thousands thousand NNS 5180 917 33 of of IN 5180 917 34 pages page NNS 5180 917 35 . . . 5180 918 1 The the DT 5180 918 2 inaccuracies inaccuracy NNS 5180 918 3 that that WDT 5180 918 4 result result VBP 5180 918 5 from from IN 5180 918 6 these these DT 5180 918 7 limitations limitation NNS 5180 918 8 of of IN 5180 918 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 918 10 technology technology NN 5180 918 11 are be VBP 5180 918 12 quite quite RB 5180 918 13 substantial substantial JJ 5180 918 14 . . . 5180 919 1 At at IN 5180 919 2 least least JJS 5180 919 3 tens ten NNS 5180 919 4 of of IN 5180 919 5 thousands thousand NNS 5180 919 6 of of IN 5180 919 7 pages page NNS 5180 919 8 of of IN 5180 919 9 the the DT 5180 919 10 indexable indexable JJ 5180 919 11 Web web NN 5180 919 12 are be VBP 5180 919 13 overblocked overblocke VBN 5180 919 14 by by IN 5180 919 15 each each DT 5180 919 16 of of IN 5180 919 17 the the DT 5180 919 18 filtering filtering NN 5180 919 19 programs program NNS 5180 919 20 evaluated evaluate VBN 5180 919 21 by by IN 5180 919 22 experts expert NNS 5180 919 23 in in IN 5180 919 24 this this DT 5180 919 25 case case NN 5180 919 26 , , , 5180 919 27 even even RB 5180 919 28 when when WRB 5180 919 29 considered consider VBN 5180 919 30 against against IN 5180 919 31 the the DT 5180 919 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 919 33 companies company NNS 5180 919 34 ' ' POS 5180 919 35 own own JJ 5180 919 36 category category NN 5180 919 37 definitions definition NNS 5180 919 38 . . . 5180 920 1 Many many JJ 5180 920 2 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 920 3 blocked block VBD 5180 920 4 pages page NNS 5180 920 5 contain contain VBP 5180 920 6 content content NN 5180 920 7 that that WDT 5180 920 8 is be VBZ 5180 920 9 completely completely RB 5180 920 10 innocuous innocuous JJ 5180 920 11 for for IN 5180 920 12 both both DT 5180 920 13 adults adult NNS 5180 920 14 and and CC 5180 920 15 minors minor NNS 5180 920 16 , , , 5180 920 17 and and CC 5180 920 18 that that IN 5180 920 19 no no DT 5180 920 20 rational rational JJ 5180 920 21 person person NN 5180 920 22 could could MD 5180 920 23 conclude conclude VB 5180 920 24 matches match NNS 5180 920 25 the the DT 5180 920 26 filtering filter VBG 5180 920 27 companies company NNS 5180 920 28 ' ' POS 5180 920 29 category category NN 5180 920 30 definitions definition NNS 5180 920 31 , , , 5180 920 32 such such JJ 5180 920 33 as as IN 5180 920 34 " " `` 5180 920 35 pornography pornography NN 5180 920 36 " " '' 5180 920 37 or or CC 5180 920 38 " " `` 5180 920 39 sex sex NN 5180 920 40 . . . 5180 920 41 " " '' 5180 921 1 The the DT 5180 921 2 number number NN 5180 921 3 of of IN 5180 921 4 overblocked overblocked JJ 5180 921 5 sites site NNS 5180 921 6 is be VBZ 5180 921 7 of of IN 5180 921 8 course course NN 5180 921 9 much much RB 5180 921 10 higher high JJR 5180 921 11 with with IN 5180 921 12 respect respect NN 5180 921 13 to to IN 5180 921 14 the the DT 5180 921 15 definitions definition NNS 5180 921 16 of of IN 5180 921 17 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 921 18 and and CC 5180 921 19 child child NN 5180 921 20 pornography pornography NN 5180 921 21 that that WDT 5180 921 22 CIPA CIPA VBD 5180 921 23 employs employ NNS 5180 921 24 for for IN 5180 921 25 adults adult NNS 5180 921 26 , , , 5180 921 27 since since IN 5180 921 28 the the DT 5180 921 29 filtering filtering NN 5180 921 30 products product NNS 5180 921 31 ' ' POS 5180 921 32 category category NN 5180 921 33 definitions definition NNS 5180 921 34 , , , 5180 921 35 such such JJ 5180 921 36 as as IN 5180 921 37 " " `` 5180 921 38 sex sex NN 5180 921 39 " " '' 5180 921 40 and and CC 5180 921 41 " " `` 5180 921 42 nudity nudity NN 5180 921 43 , , , 5180 921 44 " " '' 5180 921 45 encompass encompass VB 5180 921 46 vast vast JJ 5180 921 47 amounts amount NNS 5180 921 48 of of IN 5180 921 49 Web web NN 5180 921 50 pages page NNS 5180 921 51 that that WDT 5180 921 52 are be VBP 5180 921 53 neither neither DT 5180 921 54 child child NN 5180 921 55 pornography pornography NN 5180 921 56 nor nor CC 5180 921 57 obscene obscene JJ 5180 921 58 . . . 5180 922 1 Thus thus RB 5180 922 2 , , , 5180 922 3 the the DT 5180 922 4 number number NN 5180 922 5 of of IN 5180 922 6 pages page NNS 5180 922 7 of of IN 5180 922 8 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 922 9 protected protect VBN 5180 922 10 speech speech NN 5180 922 11 blocked block VBN 5180 922 12 by by IN 5180 922 13 filtering filter VBG 5180 922 14 products product NNS 5180 922 15 far far RB 5180 922 16 exceeds exceed VBZ 5180 922 17 the the DT 5180 922 18 many many JJ 5180 922 19 thousands thousand NNS 5180 922 20 of of IN 5180 922 21 pages page NNS 5180 922 22 that that WDT 5180 922 23 are be VBP 5180 922 24 overblocked overblocke VBN 5180 922 25 by by IN 5180 922 26 reference reference NN 5180 922 27 to to IN 5180 922 28 the the DT 5180 922 29 filtering filtering NN 5180 922 30 products product NNS 5180 922 31 ' ' POS 5180 922 32 category category NN 5180 922 33 definitions definition NNS 5180 922 34 . . . 5180 923 1 No no UH 5180 923 2 presently presently RB 5180 923 3 conceivable conceivable JJ 5180 923 4 technology technology NN 5180 923 5 can can MD 5180 923 6 make make VB 5180 923 7 the the DT 5180 923 8 judgments judgment NNS 5180 923 9 necessary necessary JJ 5180 923 10 to to TO 5180 923 11 determine determine VB 5180 923 12 whether whether IN 5180 923 13 a a DT 5180 923 14 visual visual JJ 5180 923 15 depiction depiction NN 5180 923 16 fits fit VBZ 5180 923 17 the the DT 5180 923 18 legal legal JJ 5180 923 19 definitions definition NNS 5180 923 20 of of IN 5180 923 21 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 923 22 , , , 5180 923 23 child child NN 5180 923 24 pornography pornography NN 5180 923 25 , , , 5180 923 26 or or CC 5180 923 27 harmful harmful JJ 5180 923 28 to to IN 5180 923 29 minors minor NNS 5180 923 30 . . . 5180 924 1 Given give VBN 5180 924 2 the the DT 5180 924 3 state state NN 5180 924 4 of of IN 5180 924 5 the the DT 5180 924 6 art art NN 5180 924 7 in in IN 5180 924 8 filtering filtering NN 5180 924 9 and and CC 5180 924 10 image image NN 5180 924 11 recognition recognition NN 5180 924 12 technology technology NN 5180 924 13 , , , 5180 924 14 and and CC 5180 924 15 the the DT 5180 924 16 rapidly rapidly RB 5180 924 17 changing change VBG 5180 924 18 and and CC 5180 924 19 expanding expand VBG 5180 924 20 nature nature NN 5180 924 21 of of IN 5180 924 22 the the DT 5180 924 23 Web web NN 5180 924 24 , , , 5180 924 25 we -PRON- PRP 5180 924 26 find find VBP 5180 924 27 that that IN 5180 924 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 924 29 products product NNS 5180 924 30 ' ' POS 5180 924 31 shortcomings shortcoming NNS 5180 924 32 will will MD 5180 924 33 not not RB 5180 924 34 be be VB 5180 924 35 solved solve VBN 5180 924 36 through through IN 5180 924 37 a a DT 5180 924 38 technical technical JJ 5180 924 39 solution solution NN 5180 924 40 in in IN 5180 924 41 the the DT 5180 924 42 foreseeable foreseeable JJ 5180 924 43 future future NN 5180 924 44 . . . 5180 925 1 In in IN 5180 925 2 sum sum NN 5180 925 3 , , , 5180 925 4 filtering filtering NN 5180 925 5 products product NNS 5180 925 6 are be VBP 5180 925 7 currently currently RB 5180 925 8 unable unable JJ 5180 925 9 to to TO 5180 925 10 block block VB 5180 925 11 only only RB 5180 925 12 visual visual JJ 5180 925 13 depictions depiction NNS 5180 925 14 that that WDT 5180 925 15 are be VBP 5180 925 16 obscene obscene JJ 5180 925 17 , , , 5180 925 18 child child NN 5180 925 19 pornography pornography NN 5180 925 20 , , , 5180 925 21 or or CC 5180 925 22 harmful harmful JJ 5180 925 23 to to IN 5180 925 24 minors minor NNS 5180 925 25 ( ( -LRB- 5180 925 26 or or CC 5180 925 27 , , , 5180 925 28 only only RB 5180 925 29 content content NN 5180 925 30 matching match VBG 5180 925 31 a a DT 5180 925 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 925 33 product product NN 5180 925 34 's 's POS 5180 925 35 category category NN 5180 925 36 definitions definition NNS 5180 925 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 925 38 while while IN 5180 925 39 simultaneously simultaneously RB 5180 925 40 allowing allow VBG 5180 925 41 access access NN 5180 925 42 to to IN 5180 925 43 all all DT 5180 925 44 protected protect VBN 5180 925 45 speech speech NN 5180 925 46 ( ( -LRB- 5180 925 47 or or CC 5180 925 48 , , , 5180 925 49 all all DT 5180 925 50 content content NN 5180 925 51 not not RB 5180 925 52 matching match VBG 5180 925 53 the the DT 5180 925 54 blocking block VBG 5180 925 55 product product NN 5180 925 56 's 's POS 5180 925 57 category category NN 5180 925 58 definitions definition NNS 5180 925 59 ) ) -RRB- 5180 925 60 . . . 5180 926 1 Any any DT 5180 926 2 software software NN 5180 926 3 filter filter NN 5180 926 4 that that WDT 5180 926 5 is be VBZ 5180 926 6 reasonably reasonably RB 5180 926 7 effective effective JJ 5180 926 8 in in IN 5180 926 9 blocking block VBG 5180 926 10 access access NN 5180 926 11 to to IN 5180 926 12 Web web NN 5180 926 13 pages page NNS 5180 926 14 that that WDT 5180 926 15 fall fall VBP 5180 926 16 within within IN 5180 926 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 926 18 category category NN 5180 926 19 definitions definition NNS 5180 926 20 will will MD 5180 926 21 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 926 22 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 926 23 block block VB 5180 926 24 a a DT 5180 926 25 substantial substantial JJ 5180 926 26 number number NN 5180 926 27 of of IN 5180 926 28 Web web NN 5180 926 29 pages page NNS 5180 926 30 that that WDT 5180 926 31 do do VBP 5180 926 32 not not RB 5180 926 33 fall fall VB 5180 926 34 within within IN 5180 926 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 926 36 category category NN 5180 926 37 definitions definition NNS 5180 926 38 . . . 5180 927 1 2 2 LS 5180 927 2 . . . 5180 928 1 Analytic Analytic NNP 5180 928 2 Framework Framework NNP 5180 928 3 for for IN 5180 928 4 the the DT 5180 928 5 Opinion opinion NN 5180 928 6 : : : 5180 928 7 The the DT 5180 928 8 Centrality Centrality NNP 5180 928 9 of of IN 5180 928 10 Dole Dole NNP 5180 928 11 and and CC 5180 928 12 the the DT 5180 928 13 Role role NN 5180 928 14 of of IN 5180 928 15 the the DT 5180 928 16 Facial Facial NNP 5180 928 17 Challenge Challenge NNP 5180 928 18 Both both CC 5180 928 19 the the DT 5180 928 20 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 928 21 and and CC 5180 928 22 the the DT 5180 928 23 government government NN 5180 928 24 agree agree VBP 5180 928 25 that that IN 5180 928 26 , , , 5180 928 27 because because IN 5180 928 28 this this DT 5180 928 29 case case NN 5180 928 30 involves involve VBZ 5180 928 31 a a DT 5180 928 32 challenge challenge NN 5180 928 33 to to IN 5180 928 34 the the DT 5180 928 35 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 928 36 of of IN 5180 928 37 the the DT 5180 928 38 conditions condition NNS 5180 928 39 that that WDT 5180 928 40 Congress Congress NNP 5180 928 41 has have VBZ 5180 928 42 set set VBN 5180 928 43 on on IN 5180 928 44 state state NN 5180 928 45 actors actor NNS 5180 928 46 ' ' POS 5180 928 47 receipt receipt NN 5180 928 48 of of IN 5180 928 49 federal federal JJ 5180 928 50 funds fund NNS 5180 928 51 , , , 5180 928 52 the the DT 5180 928 53 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 928 54 Court Court NNP 5180 928 55 's 's POS 5180 928 56 decision decision NN 5180 928 57 in in IN 5180 928 58 South South NNP 5180 928 59 Dakota Dakota NNP 5180 928 60 v. v. IN 5180 928 61 Dole Dole NNP 5180 928 62 , , , 5180 928 63 483 483 CD 5180 928 64 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 928 65 203 203 CD 5180 928 66 ( ( -LRB- 5180 928 67 1987 1987 CD 5180 928 68 ) ) -RRB- 5180 928 69 , , , 5180 928 70 supplies supply VBZ 5180 928 71 the the DT 5180 928 72 proper proper JJ 5180 928 73 threshold threshold NN 5180 928 74 analytic analytic JJ 5180 928 75 framework framework NN 5180 928 76 . . . 5180 929 1 The the DT 5180 929 2 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 929 3 source source NN 5180 929 4 of of IN 5180 929 5 Congress Congress NNP 5180 929 6 's 's POS 5180 929 7 spending spending NN 5180 929 8 power power NN 5180 929 9 is be VBZ 5180 929 10 Article Article NNP 5180 929 11 I I NNP 5180 929 12 , , , 5180 929 13 Sec Sec NNP 5180 929 14 . . . 5180 930 1 8 8 CD 5180 930 2 , , , 5180 930 3 cl cl IN 5180 930 4 . . . 5180 931 1 1 1 CD 5180 931 2 , , , 5180 931 3 which which WDT 5180 931 4 provides provide VBZ 5180 931 5 that that IN 5180 931 6 " " `` 5180 931 7 Congress Congress NNP 5180 931 8 shall shall MD 5180 931 9 have have VB 5180 931 10 Power power NN 5180 931 11 . . . 5180 932 1 . . . 5180 933 1 . . . 5180 934 1 to to TO 5180 934 2 pay pay VB 5180 934 3 the the DT 5180 934 4 Debts debt NNS 5180 934 5 and and CC 5180 934 6 provide provide VB 5180 934 7 for for IN 5180 934 8 the the DT 5180 934 9 common common JJ 5180 934 10 Defence Defence NNP 5180 934 11 and and CC 5180 934 12 general general JJ 5180 934 13 Welfare Welfare NNP 5180 934 14 of of IN 5180 934 15 the the DT 5180 934 16 United United NNP 5180 934 17 States States NNP 5180 934 18 . . . 5180 934 19 " " '' 5180 935 1 In in IN 5180 935 2 Dole Dole NNP 5180 935 3 , , , 5180 935 4 the the DT 5180 935 5 Court Court NNP 5180 935 6 upheld uphold VBD 5180 935 7 the the DT 5180 935 8 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 935 9 of of IN 5180 935 10 a a DT 5180 935 11 federal federal JJ 5180 935 12 statute statute NN 5180 935 13 requiring require VBG 5180 935 14 the the DT 5180 935 15 withholding withholding NN 5180 935 16 of of IN 5180 935 17 federal federal JJ 5180 935 18 highway highway NN 5180 935 19 funds fund NNS 5180 935 20 from from IN 5180 935 21 any any DT 5180 935 22 state state NN 5180 935 23 with with IN 5180 935 24 a a DT 5180 935 25 drinking drinking NN 5180 935 26 age age NN 5180 935 27 below below IN 5180 935 28 21 21 CD 5180 935 29 . . . 5180 936 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 937 1 at at IN 5180 937 2 211 211 CD 5180 937 3 - - SYM 5180 937 4 12 12 CD 5180 937 5 . . . 5180 938 1 In in IN 5180 938 2 sustaining sustain VBG 5180 938 3 the the DT 5180 938 4 provision provision NN 5180 938 5 's 's POS 5180 938 6 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 938 7 , , , 5180 938 8 Dole Dole NNP 5180 938 9 articulated articulate VBD 5180 938 10 four four CD 5180 938 11 general general JJ 5180 938 12 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 938 13 limitations limitation NNS 5180 938 14 on on IN 5180 938 15 Congress Congress NNP 5180 938 16 's 's POS 5180 938 17 exercise exercise NN 5180 938 18 of of IN 5180 938 19 the the DT 5180 938 20 spending spending NN 5180 938 21 power power NN 5180 938 22 . . . 5180 939 1 First first RB 5180 939 2 , , , 5180 939 3 " " '' 5180 939 4 the the DT 5180 939 5 exercise exercise NN 5180 939 6 of of IN 5180 939 7 the the DT 5180 939 8 spending spending NN 5180 939 9 power power NN 5180 939 10 must must MD 5180 939 11 be be VB 5180 939 12 in in IN 5180 939 13 pursuit pursuit NN 5180 939 14 of of IN 5180 939 15 ' ' '' 5180 939 16 the the DT 5180 939 17 general general JJ 5180 939 18 welfare welfare NN 5180 939 19 . . . 5180 939 20 ' ' '' 5180 939 21 " " '' 5180 940 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 941 1 at at IN 5180 941 2 207 207 CD 5180 941 3 . . . 5180 942 1 Second second RB 5180 942 2 , , , 5180 942 3 any any DT 5180 942 4 conditions condition NNS 5180 942 5 that that WDT 5180 942 6 Congress Congress NNP 5180 942 7 sets set VBZ 5180 942 8 on on IN 5180 942 9 states state NNS 5180 942 10 ' ' POS 5180 942 11 receipt receipt NN 5180 942 12 of of IN 5180 942 13 federal federal JJ 5180 942 14 funds fund NNS 5180 942 15 must must MD 5180 942 16 be be VB 5180 942 17 sufficiently sufficiently RB 5180 942 18 clear clear JJ 5180 942 19 to to TO 5180 942 20 enable enable VB 5180 942 21 recipients recipient NNS 5180 942 22 " " '' 5180 942 23 to to TO 5180 942 24 exercise exercise VB 5180 942 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 942 26 choice choice NN 5180 942 27 knowingly knowingly RB 5180 942 28 , , , 5180 942 29 cognizant cognizant JJ 5180 942 30 of of IN 5180 942 31 the the DT 5180 942 32 consequences consequence NNS 5180 942 33 of of IN 5180 942 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 942 35 participation participation NN 5180 942 36 . . . 5180 942 37 " " '' 5180 943 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 944 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 944 2 internal internal JJ 5180 944 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 944 4 marks mark NNS 5180 944 5 and and CC 5180 944 6 citation citation NN 5180 944 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 944 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 944 9 . . . 5180 945 1 Third third JJ 5180 945 2 , , , 5180 945 3 the the DT 5180 945 4 conditions condition NNS 5180 945 5 on on IN 5180 945 6 the the DT 5180 945 7 receipt receipt NN 5180 945 8 of of IN 5180 945 9 federal federal JJ 5180 945 10 funds fund NNS 5180 945 11 must must MD 5180 945 12 bear bear VB 5180 945 13 some some DT 5180 945 14 relation relation NN 5180 945 15 to to IN 5180 945 16 the the DT 5180 945 17 purpose purpose NN 5180 945 18 of of IN 5180 945 19 the the DT 5180 945 20 funding funding NN 5180 945 21 program program NN 5180 945 22 . . . 5180 946 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 947 1 And and CC 5180 947 2 finally finally RB 5180 947 3 , , , 5180 947 4 " " `` 5180 947 5 other other JJ 5180 947 6 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 947 7 provisions provision NNS 5180 947 8 may may MD 5180 947 9 provide provide VB 5180 947 10 an an DT 5180 947 11 independent independent JJ 5180 947 12 bar bar NN 5180 947 13 to to IN 5180 947 14 the the DT 5180 947 15 conditional conditional JJ 5180 947 16 grant grant NN 5180 947 17 of of IN 5180 947 18 federal federal JJ 5180 947 19 funds fund NNS 5180 947 20 . . . 5180 947 21 " " '' 5180 948 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 949 1 at at IN 5180 949 2 208 208 CD 5180 949 3 . . . 5180 950 1 In in IN 5180 950 2 particular particular JJ 5180 950 3 , , , 5180 950 4 the the DT 5180 950 5 spending spending NN 5180 950 6 power power NN 5180 950 7 " " '' 5180 950 8 may may MD 5180 950 9 not not RB 5180 950 10 be be VB 5180 950 11 used use VBN 5180 950 12 to to TO 5180 950 13 induce induce VB 5180 950 14 the the DT 5180 950 15 States States NNPS 5180 950 16 to to TO 5180 950 17 engage engage VB 5180 950 18 in in IN 5180 950 19 activities activity NNS 5180 950 20 that that WDT 5180 950 21 would would MD 5180 950 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 950 23 be be VB 5180 950 24 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 950 25 . . . 5180 951 1 Thus thus RB 5180 951 2 , , , 5180 951 3 for for IN 5180 951 4 example example NN 5180 951 5 , , , 5180 951 6 a a DT 5180 951 7 grant grant NN 5180 951 8 of of IN 5180 951 9 federal federal JJ 5180 951 10 funds fund NNS 5180 951 11 conditioned condition VBN 5180 951 12 on on IN 5180 951 13 invidiously invidiously RB 5180 951 14 discriminatory discriminatory JJ 5180 951 15 state state NN 5180 951 16 action action NN 5180 951 17 or or CC 5180 951 18 the the DT 5180 951 19 infliction infliction NN 5180 951 20 of of IN 5180 951 21 cruel cruel JJ 5180 951 22 and and CC 5180 951 23 unusual unusual JJ 5180 951 24 punishment punishment NN 5180 951 25 would would MD 5180 951 26 be be VB 5180 951 27 an an DT 5180 951 28 illegitimate illegitimate JJ 5180 951 29 exercise exercise NN 5180 951 30 of of IN 5180 951 31 the the DT 5180 951 32 Congress Congress NNP 5180 951 33 ' ' POS 5180 951 34 broad broad JJ 5180 951 35 spending spending NN 5180 951 36 power power NN 5180 951 37 . . . 5180 951 38 " " '' 5180 952 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 953 1 at at IN 5180 953 2 210 210 CD 5180 953 3 . . . 5180 954 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 954 2 do do VBP 5180 954 3 not not RB 5180 954 4 contend contend VB 5180 954 5 that that IN 5180 954 6 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 954 7 runs run VBZ 5180 954 8 afoul afoul RB 5180 954 9 of of IN 5180 954 10 the the DT 5180 954 11 first first JJ 5180 954 12 three three CD 5180 954 13 limitations limitation NNS 5180 954 14 . . . 5180 955 1 However however RB 5180 955 2 , , , 5180 955 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 955 4 do do VBP 5180 955 5 allege allege VB 5180 955 6 that that IN 5180 955 7 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 955 8 is be VBZ 5180 955 9 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 955 10 under under IN 5180 955 11 the the DT 5180 955 12 fourth fourth JJ 5180 955 13 prong prong NN 5180 955 14 of of IN 5180 955 15 Dole Dole NNP 5180 955 16 because because IN 5180 955 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 955 18 will will MD 5180 955 19 induce induce VB 5180 955 20 public public JJ 5180 955 21 libraries library NNS 5180 955 22 to to TO 5180 955 23 violate violate VB 5180 955 24 the the DT 5180 955 25 First First NNP 5180 955 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 955 27 . . . 5180 956 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 956 2 therefore therefore RB 5180 956 3 submit submit VBP 5180 956 4 that that IN 5180 956 5 the the DT 5180 956 6 First First NNP 5180 956 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 956 8 " " '' 5180 956 9 provide[s provide[s NNP 5180 956 10 ] ] -RRB- 5180 956 11 an an DT 5180 956 12 independent independent JJ 5180 956 13 bar bar NN 5180 956 14 to to IN 5180 956 15 the the DT 5180 956 16 conditional conditional JJ 5180 956 17 grant grant NN 5180 956 18 of of IN 5180 956 19 federal federal JJ 5180 956 20 funds fund NNS 5180 956 21 " " `` 5180 956 22 created create VBN 5180 956 23 by by IN 5180 956 24 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 956 25 . . . 5180 957 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 958 1 at at IN 5180 958 2 208 208 CD 5180 958 3 . . . 5180 959 1 More more RBR 5180 959 2 specifically specifically RB 5180 959 3 , , , 5180 959 4 they -PRON- PRP 5180 959 5 argue argue VBP 5180 959 6 that that IN 5180 959 7 by by IN 5180 959 8 conditioning condition VBG 5180 959 9 public public JJ 5180 959 10 libraries library NNS 5180 959 11 ' ' POS 5180 959 12 receipt receipt NN 5180 959 13 of of IN 5180 959 14 federal federal JJ 5180 959 15 funds fund NNS 5180 959 16 on on IN 5180 959 17 the the DT 5180 959 18 use use NN 5180 959 19 of of IN 5180 959 20 software software NN 5180 959 21 filters filter NNS 5180 959 22 , , , 5180 959 23 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 959 24 will will MD 5180 959 25 induce induce VB 5180 959 26 public public JJ 5180 959 27 libraries library NNS 5180 959 28 to to TO 5180 959 29 violate violate VB 5180 959 30 the the DT 5180 959 31 First First NNP 5180 959 32 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 959 33 rights right NNS 5180 959 34 of of IN 5180 959 35 Internet internet NN 5180 959 36 content content NN 5180 959 37 - - HYPH 5180 959 38 providers provider NNS 5180 959 39 to to TO 5180 959 40 disseminate disseminate VB 5180 959 41 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 959 42 protected protect VBN 5180 959 43 speech speech NN 5180 959 44 to to IN 5180 959 45 library library NN 5180 959 46 patrons patron NNS 5180 959 47 via via IN 5180 959 48 the the DT 5180 959 49 Internet internet NN 5180 959 50 , , , 5180 959 51 and and CC 5180 959 52 the the DT 5180 959 53 correlative correlative JJ 5180 959 54 First First NNP 5180 959 55 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 959 56 rights right NNS 5180 959 57 of of IN 5180 959 58 public public JJ 5180 959 59 library library NN 5180 959 60 patrons patron NNS 5180 959 61 to to TO 5180 959 62 receive receive VB 5180 959 63 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 959 64 protected protect VBN 5180 959 65 speech speech NN 5180 959 66 on on IN 5180 959 67 the the DT 5180 959 68 Internet internet NN 5180 959 69 . . . 5180 960 1 The the DT 5180 960 2 government government NN 5180 960 3 concedes concede VBZ 5180 960 4 that that IN 5180 960 5 under under IN 5180 960 6 the the DT 5180 960 7 Dole Dole NNP 5180 960 8 framework framework NN 5180 960 9 , , , 5180 960 10 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 960 11 is be VBZ 5180 960 12 facially facially RB 5180 960 13 invalid invalid JJ 5180 960 14 if if IN 5180 960 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 960 16 conditions condition NNS 5180 960 17 will will MD 5180 960 18 induce induce VB 5180 960 19 public public JJ 5180 960 20 libraries library NNS 5180 960 21 to to TO 5180 960 22 violate violate VB 5180 960 23 the the DT 5180 960 24 First First NNP 5180 960 25 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 960 26 . . . 5180 961 1 The the DT 5180 961 2 government government NN 5180 961 3 and and CC 5180 961 4 the the DT 5180 961 5 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 961 6 disagree disagree VBP 5180 961 7 , , , 5180 961 8 however however RB 5180 961 9 , , , 5180 961 10 on on IN 5180 961 11 the the DT 5180 961 12 meaning meaning NN 5180 961 13 of of IN 5180 961 14 Dole Dole NNP 5180 961 15 's 's POS 5180 961 16 " " `` 5180 961 17 inducement inducement JJ 5180 961 18 " " '' 5180 961 19 requirement requirement NN 5180 961 20 in in IN 5180 961 21 the the DT 5180 961 22 context context NN 5180 961 23 of of IN 5180 961 24 a a DT 5180 961 25 First First NNP 5180 961 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 961 27 facial facial JJ 5180 961 28 challenge challenge NN 5180 961 29 to to IN 5180 961 30 the the DT 5180 961 31 conditions condition NNS 5180 961 32 that that WDT 5180 961 33 Congress Congress NNP 5180 961 34 places place VBZ 5180 961 35 on on IN 5180 961 36 state state NN 5180 961 37 actors actor NNS 5180 961 38 ' ' POS 5180 961 39 receipt receipt NN 5180 961 40 of of IN 5180 961 41 federal federal JJ 5180 961 42 funds fund NNS 5180 961 43 . . . 5180 962 1 The the DT 5180 962 2 government government NN 5180 962 3 contends contend VBZ 5180 962 4 that that IN 5180 962 5 because because IN 5180 962 6 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 962 7 are be VBP 5180 962 8 bringing bring VBG 5180 962 9 a a DT 5180 962 10 facial facial JJ 5180 962 11 challenge challenge NN 5180 962 12 , , , 5180 962 13 they -PRON- PRP 5180 962 14 must must MD 5180 962 15 show show VB 5180 962 16 that that IN 5180 962 17 under under IN 5180 962 18 no no DT 5180 962 19 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 962 20 is be VBZ 5180 962 21 it -PRON- PRP 5180 962 22 possible possible JJ 5180 962 23 for for IN 5180 962 24 a a DT 5180 962 25 public public JJ 5180 962 26 library library NN 5180 962 27 to to TO 5180 962 28 comply comply VB 5180 962 29 with with IN 5180 962 30 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 962 31 's 's POS 5180 962 32 conditions condition NNS 5180 962 33 without without IN 5180 962 34 violating violate VBG 5180 962 35 the the DT 5180 962 36 First First NNP 5180 962 37 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 962 38 . . . 5180 963 1 The the DT 5180 963 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 963 3 respond respond VBP 5180 963 4 that that IN 5180 963 5 even even RB 5180 963 6 if if IN 5180 963 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 963 8 is be VBZ 5180 963 9 possible possible JJ 5180 963 10 for for IN 5180 963 11 some some DT 5180 963 12 public public JJ 5180 963 13 libraries library NNS 5180 963 14 to to TO 5180 963 15 comply comply VB 5180 963 16 with with IN 5180 963 17 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 963 18 without without IN 5180 963 19 violating violate VBG 5180 963 20 the the DT 5180 963 21 First First NNP 5180 963 22 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 963 23 , , , 5180 963 24 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 963 25 is be VBZ 5180 963 26 facially facially RB 5180 963 27 invalid invalid JJ 5180 963 28 if if IN 5180 963 29 it -PRON- PRP 5180 963 30 " " `` 5180 963 31 will will MD 5180 963 32 result result VB 5180 963 33 in in IN 5180 963 34 the the DT 5180 963 35 impermissible impermissible JJ 5180 963 36 suppression suppression NN 5180 963 37 of of IN 5180 963 38 a a DT 5180 963 39 substantial substantial JJ 5180 963 40 amount amount NN 5180 963 41 of of IN 5180 963 42 protected protect VBN 5180 963 43 speech speech NN 5180 963 44 . . . 5180 963 45 " " '' 5180 964 1 Because because IN 5180 964 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 964 3 was be VBD 5180 964 4 clear clear JJ 5180 964 5 in in IN 5180 964 6 Dole Dole NNP 5180 964 7 that that IN 5180 964 8 the the DT 5180 964 9 states state NNS 5180 964 10 could could MD 5180 964 11 comply comply VB 5180 964 12 with with IN 5180 964 13 the the DT 5180 964 14 challenged challenge VBN 5180 964 15 conditions condition NNS 5180 964 16 that that WDT 5180 964 17 Congress Congress NNP 5180 964 18 attached attach VBD 5180 964 19 to to IN 5180 964 20 the the DT 5180 964 21 receipt receipt NN 5180 964 22 of of IN 5180 964 23 federal federal JJ 5180 964 24 funds fund NNS 5180 964 25 without without IN 5180 964 26 violating violate VBG 5180 964 27 the the DT 5180 964 28 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 964 29 , , , 5180 964 30 the the DT 5180 964 31 Dole Dole NNP 5180 964 32 Court Court NNP 5180 964 33 did do VBD 5180 964 34 not not RB 5180 964 35 have have VB 5180 964 36 occasion occasion NN 5180 964 37 to to TO 5180 964 38 explain explain VB 5180 964 39 fully fully RB 5180 964 40 what what WP 5180 964 41 it -PRON- PRP 5180 964 42 means mean VBZ 5180 964 43 for for IN 5180 964 44 Congress Congress NNP 5180 964 45 to to TO 5180 964 46 use use VB 5180 964 47 the the DT 5180 964 48 spending spending NN 5180 964 49 power power NN 5180 964 50 to to TO 5180 964 51 " " `` 5180 964 52 induce induce VB 5180 964 53 [ [ -LRB- 5180 964 54 recipients recipient NNS 5180 964 55 ] ] -RRB- 5180 964 56 to to TO 5180 964 57 engage engage VB 5180 964 58 in in IN 5180 964 59 activities activity NNS 5180 964 60 that that WDT 5180 964 61 would would MD 5180 964 62 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 964 63 be be VB 5180 964 64 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 964 65 . . . 5180 964 66 " " '' 5180 965 1 Dole Dole NNP 5180 965 2 , , , 5180 965 3 483 483 CD 5180 965 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 965 5 at at IN 5180 965 6 210 210 CD 5180 965 7 ; ; : 5180 965 8 see see VB 5180 965 9 i -PRON- PRP 5180 965 10 d d NN 5180 965 11 . . . 5180 966 1 at at IN 5180 966 2 211 211 CD 5180 966 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 966 4 " " `` 5180 966 5 Were be VBD 5180 966 6 South South NNP 5180 966 7 Dakota Dakota NNP 5180 966 8 to to TO 5180 966 9 succumb succumb VB 5180 966 10 to to IN 5180 966 11 the the DT 5180 966 12 blandishments blandishment NNS 5180 966 13 offered offer VBN 5180 966 14 by by IN 5180 966 15 Congress Congress NNP 5180 966 16 and and CC 5180 966 17 raise raise VB 5180 966 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 966 19 drinking drinking NN 5180 966 20 age age NN 5180 966 21 to to IN 5180 966 22 21 21 CD 5180 966 23 , , , 5180 966 24 the the DT 5180 966 25 State state NN 5180 966 26 's 's POS 5180 966 27 action action NN 5180 966 28 in in IN 5180 966 29 so so RB 5180 966 30 doing do VBG 5180 966 31 would would MD 5180 966 32 not not RB 5180 966 33 violate violate VB 5180 966 34 the the DT 5180 966 35 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 966 36 rights right NNS 5180 966 37 of of IN 5180 966 38 anyone anyone NN 5180 966 39 . . . 5180 966 40 " " '' 5180 966 41 ) ) -RRB- 5180 966 42 . . . 5180 967 1 Although although IN 5180 967 2 the the DT 5180 967 3 proposition proposition NN 5180 967 4 that that WDT 5180 967 5 Congress Congress NNP 5180 967 6 may may MD 5180 967 7 not not RB 5180 967 8 pay pay VB 5180 967 9 state state NN 5180 967 10 actors actor NNS 5180 967 11 to to TO 5180 967 12 violate violate VB 5180 967 13 citizens citizen NNS 5180 967 14 ' ' POS 5180 967 15 First First NNP 5180 967 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 967 17 rights right NNS 5180 967 18 is be VBZ 5180 967 19 unexceptionable unexceptionable JJ 5180 967 20 when when WRB 5180 967 21 stated state VBN 5180 967 22 in in IN 5180 967 23 the the DT 5180 967 24 abstract abstract NN 5180 967 25 , , , 5180 967 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 967 27 is be VBZ 5180 967 28 unclear unclear JJ 5180 967 29 what what WP 5180 967 30 exactly exactly RB 5180 967 31 a a DT 5180 967 32 litigant litigant NN 5180 967 33 must must MD 5180 967 34 establish establish VB 5180 967 35 to to IN 5180 967 36 facially facially RB 5180 967 37 invalidate invalidate VB 5180 967 38 an an DT 5180 967 39 exercise exercise NN 5180 967 40 of of IN 5180 967 41 Congress Congress NNP 5180 967 42 's 's POS 5180 967 43 spending spending NN 5180 967 44 power power NN 5180 967 45 on on IN 5180 967 46 this this DT 5180 967 47 ground ground NN 5180 967 48 . . . 5180 968 1 In in IN 5180 968 2 general general JJ 5180 968 3 , , , 5180 968 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 968 5 is be VBZ 5180 968 6 well well RB 5180 968 7 - - HYPH 5180 968 8 established establish VBN 5180 968 9 that that IN 5180 968 10 a a DT 5180 968 11 court court NN 5180 968 12 may may MD 5180 968 13 sustain sustain VB 5180 968 14 a a DT 5180 968 15 facial facial JJ 5180 968 16 challenge challenge NN 5180 968 17 to to IN 5180 968 18 a a DT 5180 968 19 statute statute NN 5180 968 20 only only RB 5180 968 21 if if IN 5180 968 22 the the DT 5180 968 23 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 968 24 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 5180 968 25 that that IN 5180 968 26 the the DT 5180 968 27 statute statute NN 5180 968 28 admits admit VBZ 5180 968 29 of of IN 5180 968 30 no no DT 5180 968 31 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 968 32 application application NN 5180 968 33 . . . 5180 969 1 See see VB 5180 969 2 United United NNP 5180 969 3 States States NNP 5180 969 4 v. v. IN 5180 969 5 Salerno Salerno NNP 5180 969 6 , , , 5180 969 7 481 481 CD 5180 969 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 969 9 739 739 CD 5180 969 10 , , , 5180 969 11 745 745 CD 5180 969 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 969 13 1987 1987 CD 5180 969 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 969 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 969 16 " " `` 5180 969 17 A a DT 5180 969 18 facial facial JJ 5180 969 19 challenge challenge NN 5180 969 20 to to IN 5180 969 21 a a DT 5180 969 22 legislative legislative JJ 5180 969 23 Act Act NNP 5180 969 24 is be VBZ 5180 969 25 , , , 5180 969 26 of of IN 5180 969 27 course course NN 5180 969 28 , , , 5180 969 29 the the DT 5180 969 30 most most RBS 5180 969 31 difficult difficult JJ 5180 969 32 challenge challenge NN 5180 969 33 to to TO 5180 969 34 mount mount NNP 5180 969 35 successfully successfully RB 5180 969 36 , , , 5180 969 37 since since IN 5180 969 38 the the DT 5180 969 39 challenger challenger NN 5180 969 40 must must MD 5180 969 41 establish establish VB 5180 969 42 that that IN 5180 969 43 no no DT 5180 969 44 set set NN 5180 969 45 of of IN 5180 969 46 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 969 47 exists exist VBZ 5180 969 48 under under IN 5180 969 49 which which WDT 5180 969 50 the the DT 5180 969 51 Act Act NNP 5180 969 52 would would MD 5180 969 53 be be VB 5180 969 54 valid valid JJ 5180 969 55 . . . 5180 970 1 ") ") `` 5180 970 2 ; ; : 5180 970 3 see see VB 5180 970 4 also also RB 5180 970 5 Bowen Bowen NNP 5180 970 6 v. v. IN 5180 970 7 Kendrick Kendrick NNP 5180 970 8 , , , 5180 970 9 487 487 CD 5180 970 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 970 11 589 589 CD 5180 970 12 , , , 5180 970 13 612 612 CD 5180 970 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 970 15 1988 1988 CD 5180 970 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 970 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 970 18 " " `` 5180 970 19 It -PRON- PRP 5180 970 20 has have VBZ 5180 970 21 not not RB 5180 970 22 been be VBN 5180 970 23 the the DT 5180 970 24 Court Court NNP 5180 970 25 's 's POS 5180 970 26 practice practice NN 5180 970 27 , , , 5180 970 28 in in IN 5180 970 29 considering consider VBG 5180 970 30 facial facial JJ 5180 970 31 challenges challenge NNS 5180 970 32 to to IN 5180 970 33 statutes statute NNS 5180 970 34 of of IN 5180 970 35 this this DT 5180 970 36 kind kind NN 5180 970 37 , , , 5180 970 38 to to TO 5180 970 39 strike strike VB 5180 970 40 them -PRON- PRP 5180 970 41 down down RP 5180 970 42 in in IN 5180 970 43 anticipation anticipation NN 5180 970 44 that that IN 5180 970 45 particular particular JJ 5180 970 46 applications application NNS 5180 970 47 may may MD 5180 970 48 result result VB 5180 970 49 in in IN 5180 970 50 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 970 51 use use NN 5180 970 52 of of IN 5180 970 53 funds fund NNS 5180 970 54 . . . 5180 970 55 " " '' 5180 970 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 971 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 971 2 internal internal JJ 5180 971 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 971 4 marks mark NNS 5180 971 5 and and CC 5180 971 6 citation citation NN 5180 971 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 971 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 971 9 . . . 5180 972 1 First First NNP 5180 972 2 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 972 3 overbreadth overbreadth NN 5180 972 4 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 972 5 creates create VBZ 5180 972 6 a a DT 5180 972 7 limited limited JJ 5180 972 8 exception exception NN 5180 972 9 to to IN 5180 972 10 this this DT 5180 972 11 rule rule NN 5180 972 12 by by IN 5180 972 13 permitting permit VBG 5180 972 14 facial facial JJ 5180 972 15 invalidation invalidation NN 5180 972 16 of of IN 5180 972 17 a a DT 5180 972 18 statute statute NN 5180 972 19 that that WDT 5180 972 20 burdens burden VBZ 5180 972 21 a a DT 5180 972 22 substantial substantial JJ 5180 972 23 amount amount NN 5180 972 24 of of IN 5180 972 25 protected protect VBN 5180 972 26 speech speech NN 5180 972 27 , , , 5180 972 28 even even RB 5180 972 29 if if IN 5180 972 30 the the DT 5180 972 31 statute statute NN 5180 972 32 may may MD 5180 972 33 be be VB 5180 972 34 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 972 35 applied apply VBN 5180 972 36 in in IN 5180 972 37 particular particular JJ 5180 972 38 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 972 39 . . . 5180 973 1 " " `` 5180 973 2 The the DT 5180 973 3 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 973 4 gives give VBZ 5180 973 5 significant significant JJ 5180 973 6 protection protection NN 5180 973 7 from from IN 5180 973 8 overbroad overbroad NN 5180 973 9 laws law NNS 5180 973 10 that that WDT 5180 973 11 chill chill VBP 5180 973 12 speech speech NN 5180 973 13 within within IN 5180 973 14 the the DT 5180 973 15 First First NNP 5180 973 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 973 17 's 's POS 5180 973 18 vast vast JJ 5180 973 19 and and CC 5180 973 20 privileged privileged JJ 5180 973 21 sphere sphere NN 5180 973 22 . . . 5180 974 1 Under under IN 5180 974 2 this this DT 5180 974 3 principle principle NN 5180 974 4 , , , 5180 974 5 [ [ -LRB- 5180 974 6 a a DT 5180 974 7 law law NN 5180 974 8 ] ] -RRB- 5180 974 9 is be VBZ 5180 974 10 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 974 11 on on IN 5180 974 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 974 13 face face NN 5180 974 14 if if IN 5180 974 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 974 16 prohibits prohibit VBZ 5180 974 17 a a DT 5180 974 18 substantial substantial JJ 5180 974 19 amount amount NN 5180 974 20 of of IN 5180 974 21 protected protect VBN 5180 974 22 expression expression NN 5180 974 23 . . . 5180 974 24 " " '' 5180 975 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 975 2 v. v. IN 5180 975 3 Free Free NNP 5180 975 4 Speech Speech NNP 5180 975 5 Coalition Coalition NNP 5180 975 6 , , , 5180 975 7 122 122 CD 5180 975 8 S. S. NNP 5180 975 9 Ct Ct NNP 5180 975 10 . . NNP 5180 975 11 1389 1389 CD 5180 975 12 , , , 5180 975 13 1399 1399 CD 5180 975 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 975 15 2002 2002 CD 5180 975 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 975 17 ; ; : 5180 975 18 see see VB 5180 975 19 also also RB 5180 975 20 Broadrick Broadrick NNP 5180 975 21 v. v. IN 5180 975 22 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 5180 975 23 , , , 5180 975 24 413 413 CD 5180 975 25 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 975 26 601 601 CD 5180 975 27 , , , 5180 975 28 612 612 CD 5180 975 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 975 30 1973 1973 CD 5180 975 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 975 32 . . . 5180 976 1 This this DT 5180 976 2 more more RBR 5180 976 3 liberal liberal JJ 5180 976 4 test test NN 5180 976 5 of of IN 5180 976 6 a a DT 5180 976 7 statute statute NN 5180 976 8 's 's POS 5180 976 9 facial facial JJ 5180 976 10 validity validity NN 5180 976 11 under under IN 5180 976 12 the the DT 5180 976 13 First First NNP 5180 976 14 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 976 15 stems stem VBZ 5180 976 16 from from IN 5180 976 17 the the DT 5180 976 18 recognition recognition NN 5180 976 19 that that IN 5180 976 20 where where WRB 5180 976 21 a a DT 5180 976 22 statute statute NN 5180 976 23 's 's POS 5180 976 24 reach reach NN 5180 976 25 contemplates contemplate VBZ 5180 976 26 a a DT 5180 976 27 number number NN 5180 976 28 of of IN 5180 976 29 both both CC 5180 976 30 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 976 31 and and CC 5180 976 32 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 976 33 applications application NNS 5180 976 34 , , , 5180 976 35 the the DT 5180 976 36 law law NN 5180 976 37 's 's POS 5180 976 38 sanctions sanction NNS 5180 976 39 may may MD 5180 976 40 deter deter VB 5180 976 41 individuals individual NNS 5180 976 42 from from IN 5180 976 43 challenging challenge VBG 5180 976 44 the the DT 5180 976 45 law law NN 5180 976 46 's 's POS 5180 976 47 validity validity NN 5180 976 48 by by IN 5180 976 49 engaging engage VBG 5180 976 50 in in RB 5180 976 51 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 976 52 protected protect VBN 5180 976 53 speech speech NN 5180 976 54 that that WDT 5180 976 55 may may MD 5180 976 56 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 976 57 be be VB 5180 976 58 proscribed proscribe VBN 5180 976 59 by by IN 5180 976 60 the the DT 5180 976 61 law law NN 5180 976 62 . . . 5180 977 1 Without without IN 5180 977 2 an an DT 5180 977 3 overbreadth overbreadth JJ 5180 977 4 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 977 5 , , , 5180 977 6 " " '' 5180 977 7 the the DT 5180 977 8 contours contours NN 5180 977 9 of of IN 5180 977 10 regulation regulation NN 5180 977 11 would would MD 5180 977 12 have have VB 5180 977 13 to to TO 5180 977 14 be be VB 5180 977 15 hammered hammer VBN 5180 977 16 out out RP 5180 977 17 case case NN 5180 977 18 by by IN 5180 977 19 case case NN 5180 977 20 – – : 5180 977 21 and and CC 5180 977 22 tested test VBN 5180 977 23 only only RB 5180 977 24 by by IN 5180 977 25 those those DT 5180 977 26 hardy hardy JJ 5180 977 27 enough enough RB 5180 977 28 to to TO 5180 977 29 risk risk VB 5180 977 30 criminal criminal JJ 5180 977 31 prosecution prosecution NN 5180 977 32 to to TO 5180 977 33 determine determine VB 5180 977 34 the the DT 5180 977 35 proper proper JJ 5180 977 36 scope scope NN 5180 977 37 of of IN 5180 977 38 regulation regulation NN 5180 977 39 . . . 5180 977 40 " " '' 5180 978 1 Dombrowski Dombrowski NNP 5180 978 2 v. v. IN 5180 978 3 Pfister Pfister NNP 5180 978 4 , , , 5180 978 5 380 380 CD 5180 978 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 978 7 479 479 CD 5180 978 8 , , , 5180 978 9 487 487 CD 5180 978 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 978 11 1965 1965 CD 5180 978 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 978 13 ; ; : 5180 978 14 see see VB 5180 978 15 also also RB 5180 978 16 Brockett Brockett NNP 5180 978 17 v. v. IN 5180 978 18 Spokane Spokane NNP 5180 978 19 Arcades Arcades NNP 5180 978 20 , , , 5180 978 21 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 978 22 , , , 5180 978 23 472 472 CD 5180 978 24 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 978 25 491 491 CD 5180 978 26 , , , 5180 978 27 503 503 CD 5180 978 28 ( ( -LRB- 5180 978 29 1985 1985 CD 5180 978 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 978 31 ( ( -LRB- 5180 978 32 " " `` 5180 978 33 [ [ -LRB- 5180 978 34 A]n A]n NNP 5180 978 35 individual individual NN 5180 978 36 whose whose WP$ 5180 978 37 own own JJ 5180 978 38 speech speech NN 5180 978 39 or or CC 5180 978 40 expressive expressive JJ 5180 978 41 conduct conduct NN 5180 978 42 may may MD 5180 978 43 validly validly RB 5180 978 44 be be VB 5180 978 45 prohibited prohibit VBN 5180 978 46 or or CC 5180 978 47 sanctioned sanction VBN 5180 978 48 is be VBZ 5180 978 49 permitted permit VBN 5180 978 50 to to TO 5180 978 51 challenge challenge VB 5180 978 52 a a DT 5180 978 53 statute statute NN 5180 978 54 on on IN 5180 978 55 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 978 56 face face NN 5180 978 57 because because IN 5180 978 58 it -PRON- PRP 5180 978 59 also also RB 5180 978 60 threatens threaten VBZ 5180 978 61 others other NNS 5180 978 62 not not RB 5180 978 63 before before IN 5180 978 64 the the DT 5180 978 65 court court NN 5180 978 66 – – : 5180 978 67 those those DT 5180 978 68 who who WP 5180 978 69 desire desire VBP 5180 978 70 to to TO 5180 978 71 engage engage VB 5180 978 72 in in RP 5180 978 73 legally legally RB 5180 978 74 protected protect VBN 5180 978 75 expression expression NN 5180 978 76 but but CC 5180 978 77 who who WP 5180 978 78 may may MD 5180 978 79 refrain refrain VB 5180 978 80 from from IN 5180 978 81 doing do VBG 5180 978 82 so so RB 5180 978 83 rather rather RB 5180 978 84 than than IN 5180 978 85 risk risk NN 5180 978 86 prosecution prosecution NN 5180 978 87 or or CC 5180 978 88 undertake undertake VB 5180 978 89 to to TO 5180 978 90 have have VB 5180 978 91 the the DT 5180 978 92 law law NN 5180 978 93 declared declare VBN 5180 978 94 partially partially RB 5180 978 95 invalid invalid JJ 5180 978 96 . . . 5180 978 97 " " '' 5180 978 98 ) ) -RRB- 5180 978 99 . . . 5180 979 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 979 2 argue argue VBP 5180 979 3 that that IN 5180 979 4 the the DT 5180 979 5 overbreadth overbreadth JJ 5180 979 6 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 979 7 is be VBZ 5180 979 8 applicable applicable JJ 5180 979 9 here here RB 5180 979 10 , , , 5180 979 11 since since IN 5180 979 12 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 979 13 " " `` 5180 979 14 threatens threaten VBZ 5180 979 15 to to TO 5180 979 16 chill chill VB 5180 979 17 free free JJ 5180 979 18 speech speech NN 5180 979 19 – – : 5180 979 20 because because IN 5180 979 21 it -PRON- PRP 5180 979 22 will will MD 5180 979 23 censor censor VB 5180 979 24 a a DT 5180 979 25 substantial substantial JJ 5180 979 26 amount amount NN 5180 979 27 of of IN 5180 979 28 protected protect VBN 5180 979 29 speech speech NN 5180 979 30 , , , 5180 979 31 because because IN 5180 979 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 979 33 is be VBZ 5180 979 34 vague vague JJ 5180 979 35 , , , 5180 979 36 and and CC 5180 979 37 because because IN 5180 979 38 the the DT 5180 979 39 law law NN 5180 979 40 creates create VBZ 5180 979 41 a a DT 5180 979 42 prior prior JJ 5180 979 43 restraint restraint NN 5180 979 44 . . . 5180 980 1 . . . 5180 981 1 . . . 5180 982 1 . . . 5180 982 2 " " '' 5180 983 1 Unlike unlike IN 5180 983 2 the the DT 5180 983 3 statutes statute NNS 5180 983 4 typically typically RB 5180 983 5 challenged challenge VBN 5180 983 6 as as IN 5180 983 7 facially facially RB 5180 983 8 overbroad overbroad NN 5180 983 9 , , , 5180 983 10 however however RB 5180 983 11 , , , 5180 983 12 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 983 13 does do VBZ 5180 983 14 not not RB 5180 983 15 impose impose VB 5180 983 16 criminal criminal JJ 5180 983 17 penalties penalty NNS 5180 983 18 on on IN 5180 983 19 those those DT 5180 983 20 who who WP 5180 983 21 violate violate VBP 5180 983 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 983 23 conditions condition NNS 5180 983 24 . . . 5180 984 1 Cf cf NN 5180 984 2 . . . 5180 985 1 Freedom Freedom NNP 5180 985 2 of of IN 5180 985 3 Speech Speech NNP 5180 985 4 Coalition Coalition NNP 5180 985 5 , , , 5180 985 6 122 122 CD 5180 985 7 S. S. NNP 5180 985 8 Ct Ct NNP 5180 985 9 . . . 5180 985 10 at at IN 5180 985 11 1398 1398 CD 5180 985 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 985 13 " " `` 5180 985 14 With with IN 5180 985 15 these these DT 5180 985 16 severe severe JJ 5180 985 17 penalties penalty NNS 5180 985 18 in in IN 5180 985 19 force force NN 5180 985 20 , , , 5180 985 21 few few JJ 5180 985 22 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 985 23 movie movie NN 5180 985 24 producers producer NNS 5180 985 25 or or CC 5180 985 26 book book NN 5180 985 27 publishers publisher NNS 5180 985 28 , , , 5180 985 29 or or CC 5180 985 30 few few JJ 5180 985 31 other other JJ 5180 985 32 speakers speaker NNS 5180 985 33 in in IN 5180 985 34 any any DT 5180 985 35 capacity capacity NN 5180 985 36 , , , 5180 985 37 would would MD 5180 985 38 risk risk VB 5180 985 39 distributing distribute VBG 5180 985 40 images image NNS 5180 985 41 in in IN 5180 985 42 or or CC 5180 985 43 near near IN 5180 985 44 the the DT 5180 985 45 uncertain uncertain JJ 5180 985 46 reach reach NN 5180 985 47 of of IN 5180 985 48 this this DT 5180 985 49 law law NN 5180 985 50 . . . 5180 985 51 " " '' 5180 985 52 ) ) -RRB- 5180 985 53 . . . 5180 986 1 Thus thus RB 5180 986 2 , , , 5180 986 3 the the DT 5180 986 4 rationale rationale NN 5180 986 5 for for IN 5180 986 6 permitting permit VBG 5180 986 7 facial facial JJ 5180 986 8 challenges challenge NNS 5180 986 9 to to IN 5180 986 10 laws law NNS 5180 986 11 that that WDT 5180 986 12 may may MD 5180 986 13 be be VB 5180 986 14 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 986 15 applied apply VBN 5180 986 16 in in IN 5180 986 17 some some DT 5180 986 18 instances instance NNS 5180 986 19 is be VBZ 5180 986 20 less less RBR 5180 986 21 compelling compelling JJ 5180 986 22 in in IN 5180 986 23 cases case NNS 5180 986 24 such such JJ 5180 986 25 as as IN 5180 986 26 this this DT 5180 986 27 , , , 5180 986 28 which which WDT 5180 986 29 involve involve VBP 5180 986 30 challenges challenge NNS 5180 986 31 to to IN 5180 986 32 Congress Congress NNP 5180 986 33 's 's POS 5180 986 34 exercise exercise NN 5180 986 35 of of IN 5180 986 36 the the DT 5180 986 37 spending spending NN 5180 986 38 power power NN 5180 986 39 , , , 5180 986 40 than than IN 5180 986 41 in in IN 5180 986 42 challenges challenge NNS 5180 986 43 to to IN 5180 986 44 criminal criminal JJ 5180 986 45 statutes statute NNS 5180 986 46 . . . 5180 987 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 987 2 , , , 5180 987 3 " " `` 5180 987 4 even even RB 5180 987 5 minor minor JJ 5180 987 6 punishments punishment NNS 5180 987 7 can can MD 5180 987 8 chill chill VB 5180 987 9 protected protect VBN 5180 987 10 speech speech NN 5180 987 11 , , , 5180 987 12 " " '' 5180 987 13 i -PRON- PRP 5180 987 14 d d NNP 5180 987 15 . . NNP 5180 987 16 , , , 5180 987 17 and and CC 5180 987 18 absent absent VB 5180 987 19 the the DT 5180 987 20 ability ability NN 5180 987 21 to to TO 5180 987 22 challenge challenge VB 5180 987 23 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 987 24 on on IN 5180 987 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 987 26 face face NN 5180 987 27 , , , 5180 987 28 public public JJ 5180 987 29 libraries library NNS 5180 987 30 that that WDT 5180 987 31 depend depend VBP 5180 987 32 on on IN 5180 987 33 federal federal JJ 5180 987 34 funds fund NNS 5180 987 35 may may MD 5180 987 36 decide decide VB 5180 987 37 to to TO 5180 987 38 comply comply VB 5180 987 39 with with IN 5180 987 40 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 987 41 's 's POS 5180 987 42 terms term NNS 5180 987 43 , , , 5180 987 44 thereby thereby RB 5180 987 45 denying deny VBG 5180 987 46 patrons patron NNS 5180 987 47 access access NN 5180 987 48 to to IN 5180 987 49 substantial substantial JJ 5180 987 50 amounts amount NNS 5180 987 51 of of IN 5180 987 52 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 987 53 protected protect VBN 5180 987 54 speech speech NN 5180 987 55 , , , 5180 987 56 rather rather RB 5180 987 57 than than IN 5180 987 58 refusing refuse VBG 5180 987 59 to to TO 5180 987 60 comply comply VB 5180 987 61 with with IN 5180 987 62 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 987 63 's 's POS 5180 987 64 terms term NNS 5180 987 65 and and CC 5180 987 66 consequently consequently RB 5180 987 67 losing lose VBG 5180 987 68 the the DT 5180 987 69 benefits benefit NNS 5180 987 70 of of IN 5180 987 71 federal federal JJ 5180 987 72 funds fund NNS 5180 987 73 . . . 5180 988 1 See see VB 5180 988 2 47 47 CD 5180 988 3 C.F.R. C.F.R. NNS 5180 989 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 989 2 . . . 5180 990 1 54.520(e)(1 54.520(e)(1 LS 5180 990 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 990 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 990 4 " " `` 5180 990 5 A a DT 5180 990 6 school school NN 5180 990 7 or or CC 5180 990 8 library library NN 5180 990 9 that that WDT 5180 990 10 knowingly knowingly RB 5180 990 11 fails fail VBZ 5180 990 12 to to TO 5180 990 13 ensure ensure VB 5180 990 14 the the DT 5180 990 15 use use NN 5180 990 16 of of IN 5180 990 17 computers computer NNS 5180 990 18 in in IN 5180 990 19 accordance accordance NN 5180 990 20 with with IN 5180 990 21 the the DT 5180 990 22 certifications certification NNS 5180 990 23 required require VBN 5180 990 24 by by IN 5180 990 25 this this DT 5180 990 26 section section NN 5180 990 27 , , , 5180 990 28 must must MD 5180 990 29 reimburse reimburse VB 5180 990 30 any any DT 5180 990 31 funds fund NNS 5180 990 32 and and CC 5180 990 33 discounts discount NNS 5180 990 34 received receive VBN 5180 990 35 under under IN 5180 990 36 the the DT 5180 990 37 federal federal JJ 5180 990 38 universal universal NNP 5180 990 39 support support NNP 5180 990 40 service service NN 5180 990 41 support support NN 5180 990 42 mechanism mechanism NN 5180 990 43 for for IN 5180 990 44 schools school NNS 5180 990 45 and and CC 5180 990 46 libraries library NNS 5180 990 47 for for IN 5180 990 48 the the DT 5180 990 49 period period NN 5180 990 50 in in IN 5180 990 51 which which WDT 5180 990 52 there there EX 5180 990 53 was be VBD 5180 990 54 noncompliance noncompliance NN 5180 990 55 . . . 5180 990 56 " " '' 5180 990 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 990 58 . . . 5180 991 1 Even even RB 5180 991 2 in in IN 5180 991 3 cases case NNS 5180 991 4 where where WRB 5180 991 5 the the DT 5180 991 6 only only JJ 5180 991 7 penalty penalty NN 5180 991 8 for for IN 5180 991 9 failure failure NN 5180 991 10 to to TO 5180 991 11 comply comply VB 5180 991 12 with with IN 5180 991 13 a a DT 5180 991 14 statute statute NN 5180 991 15 is be VBZ 5180 991 16 the the DT 5180 991 17 withholding withholding NN 5180 991 18 of of IN 5180 991 19 federal federal JJ 5180 991 20 funds fund NNS 5180 991 21 , , , 5180 991 22 the the DT 5180 991 23 Court Court NNP 5180 991 24 has have VBZ 5180 991 25 sustained sustain VBN 5180 991 26 facial facial JJ 5180 991 27 challenges challenge NNS 5180 991 28 to to IN 5180 991 29 Congress Congress NNP 5180 991 30 's 's POS 5180 991 31 exercise exercise NN 5180 991 32 of of IN 5180 991 33 the the DT 5180 991 34 spending spending NN 5180 991 35 power power NN 5180 991 36 . . . 5180 992 1 See see VB 5180 992 2 , , , 5180 992 3 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 992 4 , , , 5180 992 5 Legal Legal NNP 5180 992 6 Servs Servs NNP 5180 992 7 . . . 5180 993 1 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 993 2 v. v. IN 5180 993 3 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 993 4 , , , 5180 993 5 531 531 CD 5180 993 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 993 7 533 533 CD 5180 993 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 993 9 2001 2001 CD 5180 993 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 993 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 993 12 declaring declare VBG 5180 993 13 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 993 14 on on IN 5180 993 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 993 16 face face NN 5180 993 17 a a DT 5180 993 18 federal federal JJ 5180 993 19 statute statute NN 5180 993 20 restricting restrict VBG 5180 993 21 the the DT 5180 993 22 ability ability NN 5180 993 23 of of IN 5180 993 24 legal legal JJ 5180 993 25 services service NNS 5180 993 26 providers provider NNS 5180 993 27 who who WP 5180 993 28 receive receive VBP 5180 993 29 federal federal JJ 5180 993 30 funds fund NNS 5180 993 31 to to TO 5180 993 32 engage engage VB 5180 993 33 in in IN 5180 993 34 activity activity NN 5180 993 35 protected protect VBN 5180 993 36 by by IN 5180 993 37 the the DT 5180 993 38 First First NNP 5180 993 39 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 993 40 ) ) -RRB- 5180 993 41 . . . 5180 994 1 The the DT 5180 994 2 Court Court NNP 5180 994 3 's 's POS 5180 994 4 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 994 5 conditions condition NNS 5180 994 6 cases case NNS 5180 994 7 , , , 5180 994 8 such such JJ 5180 994 9 as as IN 5180 994 10 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 994 11 , , , 5180 994 12 are be VBP 5180 994 13 not not RB 5180 994 14 strictly strictly RB 5180 994 15 controlling control VBG 5180 994 16 , , , 5180 994 17 since since IN 5180 994 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 994 19 do do VBP 5180 994 20 not not RB 5180 994 21 require require VB 5180 994 22 a a DT 5180 994 23 showing showing NN 5180 994 24 that that IN 5180 994 25 recipients recipient NNS 5180 994 26 who who WP 5180 994 27 comply comply VBP 5180 994 28 with with IN 5180 994 29 the the DT 5180 994 30 conditions condition NNS 5180 994 31 attached attach VBN 5180 994 32 to to IN 5180 994 33 federal federal JJ 5180 994 34 funding funding NN 5180 994 35 will will MD 5180 994 36 , , , 5180 994 37 as as IN 5180 994 38 state state NN 5180 994 39 actors actor NNS 5180 994 40 , , , 5180 994 41 violate violate VBP 5180 994 42 others other NNS 5180 994 43 ' ' POS 5180 994 44 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 994 45 rights right NNS 5180 994 46 , , , 5180 994 47 as as IN 5180 994 48 is be VBZ 5180 994 49 the the DT 5180 994 50 case case NN 5180 994 51 under under IN 5180 994 52 the the DT 5180 994 53 fourth fourth JJ 5180 994 54 prong prong NN 5180 994 55 of of IN 5180 994 56 Dole Dole NNP 5180 994 57 . . . 5180 995 1 However however RB 5180 995 2 , , , 5180 995 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 995 4 are be VBP 5180 995 5 highly highly RB 5180 995 6 instructive instructive JJ 5180 995 7 . . . 5180 996 1 The the DT 5180 996 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 996 3 Court Court NNP 5180 996 4 's 's POS 5180 996 5 pronouncements pronouncement NNS 5180 996 6 in in IN 5180 996 7 the the DT 5180 996 8 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 996 9 conditions condition NNS 5180 996 10 cases case NNS 5180 996 11 on on IN 5180 996 12 what what WP 5180 996 13 is be VBZ 5180 996 14 necessary necessary JJ 5180 996 15 for for IN 5180 996 16 a a DT 5180 996 17 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 996 18 to to TO 5180 996 19 mount mount VB 5180 996 20 a a DT 5180 996 21 successful successful JJ 5180 996 22 First First NNP 5180 996 23 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 996 24 facial facial JJ 5180 996 25 challenge challenge NN 5180 996 26 to to IN 5180 996 27 an an DT 5180 996 28 exercise exercise NN 5180 996 29 of of IN 5180 996 30 Congress Congress NNP 5180 996 31 's 's POS 5180 996 32 spending spending NN 5180 996 33 power power NN 5180 996 34 have have VBP 5180 996 35 not not RB 5180 996 36 produced produce VBN 5180 996 37 a a DT 5180 996 38 seamless seamless NN 5180 996 39 web web NN 5180 996 40 . . . 5180 997 1 For for IN 5180 997 2 example example NN 5180 997 3 , , , 5180 997 4 in in IN 5180 997 5 Rust Rust NNP 5180 997 6 v. v. IN 5180 997 7 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 5180 997 8 , , , 5180 997 9 500 500 CD 5180 997 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 997 11 173 173 CD 5180 997 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 997 13 1991 1991 CD 5180 997 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 997 15 , , , 5180 997 16 the the DT 5180 997 17 Court Court NNP 5180 997 18 rejected reject VBD 5180 997 19 a a DT 5180 997 20 First First NNP 5180 997 21 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 997 22 facial facial JJ 5180 997 23 challenge challenge NN 5180 997 24 to to IN 5180 997 25 federal federal JJ 5180 997 26 regulations regulation NNS 5180 997 27 prohibiting prohibit VBG 5180 997 28 federally federally RB 5180 997 29 funded funded JJ 5180 997 30 healthcare healthcare NN 5180 997 31 clinics clinic NNS 5180 997 32 from from IN 5180 997 33 providing provide VBG 5180 997 34 counseling counseling NN 5180 997 35 concerning concern VBG 5180 997 36 the the DT 5180 997 37 use use NN 5180 997 38 of of IN 5180 997 39 abortion abortion NN 5180 997 40 as as IN 5180 997 41 a a DT 5180 997 42 method method NN 5180 997 43 of of IN 5180 997 44 family family NN 5180 997 45 planning planning NN 5180 997 46 , , , 5180 997 47 explaining explain VBG 5180 997 48 that that IN 5180 997 49 : : : 5180 997 50 Petitioners petitioner NNS 5180 997 51 are be VBP 5180 997 52 challenging challenge VBG 5180 997 53 the the DT 5180 997 54 facial facial JJ 5180 997 55 validity validity NN 5180 997 56 of of IN 5180 997 57 the the DT 5180 997 58 regulations regulation NNS 5180 997 59 . . . 5180 998 1 Thus thus RB 5180 998 2 , , , 5180 998 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 998 4 are be VBP 5180 998 5 concerned concern VBN 5180 998 6 only only RB 5180 998 7 with with IN 5180 998 8 the the DT 5180 998 9 question question NN 5180 998 10 whether whether IN 5180 998 11 , , , 5180 998 12 on on IN 5180 998 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 998 14 face face NN 5180 998 15 , , , 5180 998 16 the the DT 5180 998 17 regulations regulation NNS 5180 998 18 are be VBP 5180 998 19 both both DT 5180 998 20 authorized authorize VBN 5180 998 21 by by IN 5180 998 22 the the DT 5180 998 23 Act Act NNP 5180 998 24 and and CC 5180 998 25 can can MD 5180 998 26 be be VB 5180 998 27 construed construe VBN 5180 998 28 in in IN 5180 998 29 such such PDT 5180 998 30 a a DT 5180 998 31 manner manner NN 5180 998 32 that that IN 5180 998 33 they -PRON- PRP 5180 998 34 can can MD 5180 998 35 be be VB 5180 998 36 applied apply VBN 5180 998 37 to to IN 5180 998 38 a a DT 5180 998 39 set set NN 5180 998 40 of of IN 5180 998 41 individuals individual NNS 5180 998 42 without without IN 5180 998 43 infringing infringe VBG 5180 998 44 upon upon IN 5180 998 45 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 998 46 protected protect VBN 5180 998 47 rights right NNS 5180 998 48 . . . 5180 999 1 Petitioners petitioner NNS 5180 999 2 face face VBP 5180 999 3 a a DT 5180 999 4 heavy heavy JJ 5180 999 5 burden burden NN 5180 999 6 in in IN 5180 999 7 seeking seek VBG 5180 999 8 to to TO 5180 999 9 have have VB 5180 999 10 the the DT 5180 999 11 regulations regulation NNS 5180 999 12 invalidated invalidate VBN 5180 999 13 as as IN 5180 999 14 facially facially RB 5180 999 15 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 999 16 . . . 5180 1000 1 . . . 5180 1001 1 . . . 5180 1002 1 . . . 5180 1003 1 The the DT 5180 1003 2 fact fact NN 5180 1003 3 that that IN 5180 1003 4 the the DT 5180 1003 5 regulations regulation NNS 5180 1003 6 might may MD 5180 1003 7 operate operate VB 5180 1003 8 unconstitutionally unconstitutionally RB 5180 1003 9 under under IN 5180 1003 10 some some DT 5180 1003 11 conceivable conceivable JJ 5180 1003 12 set set NN 5180 1003 13 of of IN 5180 1003 14 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 1003 15 is be VBZ 5180 1003 16 insufficient insufficient JJ 5180 1003 17 to to TO 5180 1003 18 render render VB 5180 1003 19 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1003 20 wholly wholly RB 5180 1003 21 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1003 22 . . . 5180 1004 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1005 1 at at IN 5180 1005 2 183 183 CD 5180 1005 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1005 4 internal internal JJ 5180 1005 5 quotation quotation NN 5180 1005 6 marks mark NNS 5180 1005 7 , , , 5180 1005 8 alterations alteration NNS 5180 1005 9 , , , 5180 1005 10 and and CC 5180 1005 11 citation citation NN 5180 1005 12 omitted omit VBD 5180 1005 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1005 14 . . . 5180 1006 1 In in IN 5180 1006 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1006 3 , , , 5180 1006 4 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1006 5 v. v. IN 5180 1006 6 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1006 7 , , , 5180 1006 8 524 524 CD 5180 1006 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1006 10 569 569 CD 5180 1006 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1006 12 1998 1998 CD 5180 1006 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1006 14 , , , 5180 1006 15 which which WDT 5180 1006 16 also also RB 5180 1006 17 involved involve VBD 5180 1006 18 a a DT 5180 1006 19 facial facial JJ 5180 1006 20 First First NNP 5180 1006 21 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1006 22 challenge challenge NN 5180 1006 23 to to IN 5180 1006 24 an an DT 5180 1006 25 exercise exercise NN 5180 1006 26 of of IN 5180 1006 27 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1006 28 's 's POS 5180 1006 29 spending spending NN 5180 1006 30 power power NN 5180 1006 31 , , , 5180 1006 32 articulated articulate VBD 5180 1006 33 a a DT 5180 1006 34 somewhat somewhat RB 5180 1006 35 more more RBR 5180 1006 36 liberal liberal JJ 5180 1006 37 test test NN 5180 1006 38 of of IN 5180 1006 39 facial facial JJ 5180 1006 40 validity validity NN 5180 1006 41 than than IN 5180 1006 42 Rust Rust NNP 5180 1006 43 , , , 5180 1006 44 explaining explain VBG 5180 1006 45 that that IN 5180 1006 46 " " `` 5180 1006 47 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1006 48 t]o t]o NN 5180 1006 49 prevail prevail NN 5180 1006 50 , , , 5180 1006 51 respondents respondent NNS 5180 1006 52 must must MD 5180 1006 53 demonstrate demonstrate VB 5180 1006 54 a a DT 5180 1006 55 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1006 56 risk risk NN 5180 1006 57 that that IN 5180 1006 58 application application NN 5180 1006 59 of of IN 5180 1006 60 the the DT 5180 1006 61 provision provision NN 5180 1006 62 will will MD 5180 1006 63 lead lead VB 5180 1006 64 to to IN 5180 1006 65 the the DT 5180 1006 66 suppression suppression NN 5180 1006 67 of of IN 5180 1006 68 speech speech NN 5180 1006 69 . . . 5180 1006 70 " " '' 5180 1007 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1008 1 at at IN 5180 1008 2 580 580 CD 5180 1008 3 . . . 5180 1009 1 Against against IN 5180 1009 2 this this DT 5180 1009 3 background background NN 5180 1009 4 , , , 5180 1009 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1009 6 is be VBZ 5180 1009 7 unclear unclear JJ 5180 1009 8 to to IN 5180 1009 9 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1009 10 whether whether IN 5180 1009 11 , , , 5180 1009 12 to to TO 5180 1009 13 succeed succeed VB 5180 1009 14 in in IN 5180 1009 15 facially facially RB 5180 1009 16 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 1009 17 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1009 18 on on IN 5180 1009 19 the the DT 5180 1009 20 grounds ground NNS 5180 1009 21 that that IN 5180 1009 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1009 23 will will MD 5180 1009 24 " " `` 5180 1009 25 induce induce VB 5180 1009 26 the the DT 5180 1009 27 States States NNPS 5180 1009 28 to to TO 5180 1009 29 engage engage VB 5180 1009 30 in in IN 5180 1009 31 activities activity NNS 5180 1009 32 that that WDT 5180 1009 33 would would MD 5180 1009 34 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 1009 35 be be VB 5180 1009 36 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1009 37 , , , 5180 1009 38 " " '' 5180 1009 39 Dole Dole NNP 5180 1009 40 , , , 5180 1009 41 483 483 CD 5180 1009 42 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1009 43 at at IN 5180 1009 44 210 210 CD 5180 1009 45 , , , 5180 1009 46 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1009 47 must must MD 5180 1009 48 show show VB 5180 1009 49 that that IN 5180 1009 50 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1009 51 is be VBZ 5180 1009 52 impossible impossible JJ 5180 1009 53 for for IN 5180 1009 54 public public JJ 5180 1009 55 libraries library NNS 5180 1009 56 to to TO 5180 1009 57 comply comply VB 5180 1009 58 with with IN 5180 1009 59 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1009 60 's 's POS 5180 1009 61 conditions condition NNS 5180 1009 62 without without IN 5180 1009 63 violating violate VBG 5180 1009 64 the the DT 5180 1009 65 First First NNP 5180 1009 66 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1009 67 , , , 5180 1009 68 or or CC 5180 1009 69 rather rather RB 5180 1009 70 simply simply RB 5180 1009 71 that that IN 5180 1009 72 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1009 73 will will MD 5180 1009 74 effectively effectively RB 5180 1009 75 restrict restrict VB 5180 1009 76 library library NN 5180 1009 77 patrons patron NNS 5180 1009 78 ' ' POS 5180 1009 79 access access NN 5180 1009 80 to to IN 5180 1009 81 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1009 82 amounts amount NNS 5180 1009 83 of of IN 5180 1009 84 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1009 85 protected protect VBN 5180 1009 86 speech speech NN 5180 1009 87 , , , 5180 1009 88 therefore therefore RB 5180 1009 89 causing cause VBG 5180 1009 90 many many JJ 5180 1009 91 libraries library NNS 5180 1009 92 to to TO 5180 1009 93 violate violate VB 5180 1009 94 the the DT 5180 1009 95 First First NNP 5180 1009 96 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1009 97 . . . 5180 1010 1 However however RB 5180 1010 2 , , , 5180 1010 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1010 4 need need VBP 5180 1010 5 not not RB 5180 1010 6 resolve resolve VB 5180 1010 7 this this DT 5180 1010 8 issue issue NN 5180 1010 9 . . . 5180 1011 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1011 2 , , , 5180 1011 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1011 4 may may MD 5180 1011 5 assume assume VB 5180 1011 6 without without IN 5180 1011 7 deciding decide VBG 5180 1011 8 , , , 5180 1011 9 for for IN 5180 1011 10 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1011 11 of of IN 5180 1011 12 this this DT 5180 1011 13 case case NN 5180 1011 14 , , , 5180 1011 15 that that IN 5180 1011 16 a a DT 5180 1011 17 facial facial JJ 5180 1011 18 challenge challenge NN 5180 1011 19 to to IN 5180 1011 20 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1011 21 requires require VBZ 5180 1011 22 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1011 23 to to TO 5180 1011 24 show show VB 5180 1011 25 that that IN 5180 1011 26 any any DT 5180 1011 27 public public JJ 5180 1011 28 library library NN 5180 1011 29 that that WDT 5180 1011 30 complies comply VBZ 5180 1011 31 with with IN 5180 1011 32 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1011 33 's 's POS 5180 1011 34 conditions condition NNS 5180 1011 35 will will MD 5180 1011 36 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1011 37 violate violate VB 5180 1011 38 the the DT 5180 1011 39 First First NNP 5180 1011 40 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1011 41 and and CC 5180 1011 42 , , , 5180 1011 43 as as IN 5180 1011 44 explained explain VBN 5180 1011 45 in in IN 5180 1011 46 detail detail NN 5180 1011 47 below below RB 5180 1011 48 , , , 5180 1011 49 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1011 50 believe believe VBP 5180 1011 51 that that IN 5180 1011 52 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1011 53 's 's POS 5180 1011 54 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 1011 55 fails fail VBZ 5180 1011 56 even even RB 5180 1011 57 under under IN 5180 1011 58 this this DT 5180 1011 59 more more RBR 5180 1011 60 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1011 61 test test NN 5180 1011 62 of of IN 5180 1011 63 facial facial JJ 5180 1011 64 validity validity NN 5180 1011 65 urged urge VBD 5180 1011 66 on on IN 5180 1011 67 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1011 68 by by IN 5180 1011 69 the the DT 5180 1011 70 government government NN 5180 1011 71 . . . 5180 1012 1 Because because IN 5180 1012 2 of of IN 5180 1012 3 the the DT 5180 1012 4 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1012 5 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1012 6 in in IN 5180 1012 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 1012 8 technology technology NN 5180 1012 9 , , , 5180 1012 10 public public JJ 5180 1012 11 libraries library NNS 5180 1012 12 can can MD 5180 1012 13 never never RB 5180 1012 14 comply comply VB 5180 1012 15 with with IN 5180 1012 16 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1012 17 without without IN 5180 1012 18 blocking block VBG 5180 1012 19 access access NN 5180 1012 20 to to IN 5180 1012 21 a a DT 5180 1012 22 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1012 23 amount amount NN 5180 1012 24 of of IN 5180 1012 25 speech speech NN 5180 1012 26 that that WDT 5180 1012 27 is be VBZ 5180 1012 28 both both DT 5180 1012 29 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1012 30 protected protect VBN 5180 1012 31 and and CC 5180 1012 32 fails fail VBZ 5180 1012 33 to to TO 5180 1012 34 meet meet VB 5180 1012 35 even even RB 5180 1012 36 the the DT 5180 1012 37 filtering filter VBG 5180 1012 38 companies company NNS 5180 1012 39 ' ' POS 5180 1012 40 own own JJ 5180 1012 41 blocking blocking NN 5180 1012 42 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1012 43 . . . 5180 1013 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1013 2 turn turn VBP 5180 1013 3 first first RB 5180 1013 4 to to IN 5180 1013 5 the the DT 5180 1013 6 governing govern VBG 5180 1013 7 legal legal JJ 5180 1013 8 principles principle NNS 5180 1013 9 to to TO 5180 1013 10 be be VB 5180 1013 11 applied apply VBN 5180 1013 12 to to IN 5180 1013 13 the the DT 5180 1013 14 facts fact NNS 5180 1013 15 in in IN 5180 1013 16 order order NN 5180 1013 17 to to TO 5180 1013 18 determine determine VB 5180 1013 19 whether whether IN 5180 1013 20 the the DT 5180 1013 21 First First NNP 5180 1013 22 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1013 23 permits permit VBZ 5180 1013 24 a a DT 5180 1013 25 library library NN 5180 1013 26 to to TO 5180 1013 27 use use VB 5180 1013 28 the the DT 5180 1013 29 filtering filter VBG 5180 1013 30 technology technology NN 5180 1013 31 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1013 32 by by IN 5180 1013 33 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1013 34 . . . 5180 1014 1 3 3 LS 5180 1014 2 . . . 5180 1015 1 Level level NN 5180 1015 2 of of IN 5180 1015 3 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 1015 4 Applicable applicable JJ 5180 1015 5 to to IN 5180 1015 6 Content content NN 5180 1015 7 - - HYPH 5180 1015 8 based base VBN 5180 1015 9 Restrictions Restrictions NNPS 5180 1015 10 on on IN 5180 1015 11 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1015 12 Access Access NNP 5180 1015 13 in in IN 5180 1015 14 Public Public NNP 5180 1015 15 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 1015 16 In in IN 5180 1015 17 analyzing analyze VBG 5180 1015 18 the the DT 5180 1015 19 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 1015 20 of of IN 5180 1015 21 a a DT 5180 1015 22 public public JJ 5180 1015 23 library library NN 5180 1015 24 's 's POS 5180 1015 25 use use NN 5180 1015 26 of of IN 5180 1015 27 Internet internet NN 5180 1015 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 1015 29 software software NN 5180 1015 30 , , , 5180 1015 31 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1015 32 must must MD 5180 1015 33 first first RB 5180 1015 34 identify identify VB 5180 1015 35 the the DT 5180 1015 36 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1015 37 level level NN 5180 1015 38 of of IN 5180 1015 39 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1015 40 to to TO 5180 1015 41 apply apply VB 5180 1015 42 to to IN 5180 1015 43 this this DT 5180 1015 44 restriction restriction NN 5180 1015 45 on on IN 5180 1015 46 patrons patron NNS 5180 1015 47 ' ' POS 5180 1015 48 access access NN 5180 1015 49 to to IN 5180 1015 50 speech speech NN 5180 1015 51 . . . 5180 1016 1 While while IN 5180 1016 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1016 3 argue argue VBP 5180 1016 4 that that IN 5180 1016 5 a a DT 5180 1016 6 public public JJ 5180 1016 7 library library NN 5180 1016 8 's 's POS 5180 1016 9 use use NN 5180 1016 10 of of IN 5180 1016 11 such such JJ 5180 1016 12 filters filter NNS 5180 1016 13 is be VBZ 5180 1016 14 subject subject JJ 5180 1016 15 to to IN 5180 1016 16 strict strict JJ 5180 1016 17 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1016 18 , , , 5180 1016 19 the the DT 5180 1016 20 government government NN 5180 1016 21 maintains maintain VBZ 5180 1016 22 that that IN 5180 1016 23 the the DT 5180 1016 24 applicable applicable JJ 5180 1016 25 standard standard NN 5180 1016 26 is be VBZ 5180 1016 27 rational rational JJ 5180 1016 28 basis basis NN 5180 1016 29 review review NN 5180 1016 30 . . . 5180 1017 1 If if IN 5180 1017 2 strict strict JJ 5180 1017 3 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1017 4 applies apply VBZ 5180 1017 5 , , , 5180 1017 6 the the DT 5180 1017 7 government government NN 5180 1017 8 must must MD 5180 1017 9 show show VB 5180 1017 10 that that IN 5180 1017 11 the the DT 5180 1017 12 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1017 13 restriction restriction NN 5180 1017 14 on on IN 5180 1017 15 speech speech NN 5180 1017 16 is be VBZ 5180 1017 17 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1017 18 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1017 19 to to TO 5180 1017 20 promote promote VB 5180 1017 21 a a DT 5180 1017 22 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1017 23 government government NN 5180 1017 24 interest interest NN 5180 1017 25 and and CC 5180 1017 26 that that IN 5180 1017 27 no no DT 5180 1017 28 less less RBR 5180 1017 29 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1017 30 alternative alternative NN 5180 1017 31 would would MD 5180 1017 32 further further RB 5180 1017 33 that that DT 5180 1017 34 interest interest NN 5180 1017 35 . . . 5180 1018 1 United United NNP 5180 1018 2 States States NNP 5180 1018 3 v. v. IN 5180 1018 4 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1018 5 Entm't Entm't NNP 5180 1018 6 Group Group NNP 5180 1018 7 , , , 5180 1018 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1018 9 , , , 5180 1018 10 529 529 CD 5180 1018 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1018 12 803 803 CD 5180 1018 13 , , , 5180 1018 14 813 813 CD 5180 1018 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1018 16 2000 2000 CD 5180 1018 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1018 18 . . . 5180 1019 1 In in IN 5180 1019 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1019 3 , , , 5180 1019 4 under under IN 5180 1019 5 rational rational JJ 5180 1019 6 basis basis NN 5180 1019 7 review review NN 5180 1019 8 , , , 5180 1019 9 the the DT 5180 1019 10 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1019 11 restriction restriction NN 5180 1019 12 need nee MD 5180 1019 13 only only RB 5180 1019 14 be be VB 5180 1019 15 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 1019 16 ; ; : 5180 1019 17 the the DT 5180 1019 18 government government NN 5180 1019 19 interest interest NN 5180 1019 20 that that IN 5180 1019 21 the the DT 5180 1019 22 restriction restriction NN 5180 1019 23 serves serve VBZ 5180 1019 24 need nee MD 5180 1019 25 not not RB 5180 1019 26 be be VB 5180 1019 27 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1019 28 ; ; : 5180 1019 29 the the DT 5180 1019 30 restriction restriction NN 5180 1019 31 need nee MD 5180 1019 32 not not RB 5180 1019 33 be be VB 5180 1019 34 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1019 35 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1019 36 to to TO 5180 1019 37 serve serve VB 5180 1019 38 that that DT 5180 1019 39 interest interest NN 5180 1019 40 ; ; : 5180 1019 41 and and CC 5180 1019 42 the the DT 5180 1019 43 restriction restriction NN 5180 1019 44 " " `` 5180 1019 45 need nee MD 5180 1019 46 not not RB 5180 1019 47 be be VB 5180 1019 48 the the DT 5180 1019 49 most most RBS 5180 1019 50 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 1019 51 or or CC 5180 1019 52 the the DT 5180 1019 53 only only JJ 5180 1019 54 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 1019 55 limitation limitation NN 5180 1019 56 . . . 5180 1019 57 " " '' 5180 1020 1 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1020 2 v. v. CC 5180 1020 3 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1020 4 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1020 5 Def Def NNP 5180 1020 6 . . . 5180 1021 1 & & CC 5180 1021 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1021 3 . . . 5180 1022 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1022 2 , , , 5180 1022 3 473 473 CD 5180 1022 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1022 5 788 788 CD 5180 1022 6 , , , 5180 1022 7 808 808 CD 5180 1022 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1022 9 1985 1985 CD 5180 1022 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1022 11 . . . 5180 1023 1 Software software NN 5180 1023 2 filters filter NNS 5180 1023 3 , , , 5180 1023 4 by by IN 5180 1023 5 definition definition NN 5180 1023 6 , , , 5180 1023 7 block block NN 5180 1023 8 access access NN 5180 1023 9 to to IN 5180 1023 10 speech speech NN 5180 1023 11 on on IN 5180 1023 12 the the DT 5180 1023 13 basis basis NN 5180 1023 14 of of IN 5180 1023 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1023 16 content content NN 5180 1023 17 , , , 5180 1023 18 and and CC 5180 1023 19 content content NN 5180 1023 20 - - HYPH 5180 1023 21 based base VBN 5180 1023 22 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1023 23 on on IN 5180 1023 24 speech speech NN 5180 1023 25 are be VBP 5180 1023 26 generally generally RB 5180 1023 27 subject subject JJ 5180 1023 28 to to IN 5180 1023 29 strict strict JJ 5180 1023 30 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1023 31 . . . 5180 1024 1 See see VB 5180 1024 2 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1024 3 , , , 5180 1024 4 529 529 CD 5180 1024 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1024 6 at at IN 5180 1024 7 813 813 CD 5180 1024 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1024 9 " " `` 5180 1024 10 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1024 11 A a NN 5180 1024 12 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1024 13 content content NN 5180 1024 14 - - HYPH 5180 1024 15 based base VBN 5180 1024 16 speech speech NN 5180 1024 17 restriction restriction NN 5180 1024 18 . . . 5180 1025 1 . . . 5180 1026 1 . . . 5180 1027 1 can can MD 5180 1027 2 stand stand VB 5180 1027 3 only only RB 5180 1027 4 if if IN 5180 1027 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1027 6 satisfies satisfy VBZ 5180 1027 7 strict strict JJ 5180 1027 8 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1027 9 . . . 5180 1027 10 " " '' 5180 1027 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1027 12 . . . 5180 1028 1 Strict strict JJ 5180 1028 2 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1028 3 does do VBZ 5180 1028 4 not not RB 5180 1028 5 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1028 6 apply apply VB 5180 1028 7 to to IN 5180 1028 8 content content NN 5180 1028 9 - - HYPH 5180 1028 10 based base VBN 5180 1028 11 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1028 12 on on IN 5180 1028 13 speech speech NN 5180 1028 14 , , , 5180 1028 15 however however RB 5180 1028 16 , , , 5180 1028 17 where where WRB 5180 1028 18 the the DT 5180 1028 19 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1028 20 apply apply VBP 5180 1028 21 only only RB 5180 1028 22 to to IN 5180 1028 23 speech speech NN 5180 1028 24 on on IN 5180 1028 25 government government NN 5180 1028 26 property property NN 5180 1028 27 , , , 5180 1028 28 such such JJ 5180 1028 29 as as IN 5180 1028 30 public public JJ 5180 1028 31 libraries library NNS 5180 1028 32 . . . 5180 1029 1 " " `` 5180 1029 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1029 3 I]t I]t NNP 5180 1029 4 is be VBZ 5180 1029 5 . . . 5180 1030 1 . . . 5180 1031 1 . . . 5180 1032 1 well well UH 5180 1032 2 settled settle VBD 5180 1032 3 that that IN 5180 1032 4 the the DT 5180 1032 5 government government NN 5180 1032 6 need nee MD 5180 1032 7 not not RB 5180 1032 8 permit permit VB 5180 1032 9 all all DT 5180 1032 10 forms form NNS 5180 1032 11 of of IN 5180 1032 12 speech speech NN 5180 1032 13 on on IN 5180 1032 14 property property NN 5180 1032 15 that that WDT 5180 1032 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1032 17 owns own VBZ 5180 1032 18 and and CC 5180 1032 19 controls control VBZ 5180 1032 20 . . . 5180 1032 21 " " '' 5180 1033 1 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1033 2 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1033 3 for for IN 5180 1033 4 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1033 5 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1033 6 , , , 5180 1033 7 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1033 8 v. v. IN 5180 1033 9 Lee Lee NNP 5180 1033 10 , , , 5180 1033 11 505 505 CD 5180 1033 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1033 13 672 672 CD 5180 1033 14 , , , 5180 1033 15 678 678 CD 5180 1033 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1033 17 1992 1992 CD 5180 1033 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1033 19 . . . 5180 1034 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1034 2 perforce perforce VBP 5180 1034 3 turn turn VBP 5180 1034 4 to to IN 5180 1034 5 a a DT 5180 1034 6 discussion discussion NN 5180 1034 7 of of IN 5180 1034 8 public public NNP 5180 1034 9 forum forum NNP 5180 1034 10 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1034 11 . . . 5180 1035 1 1 1 LS 5180 1035 2 . . . 5180 1036 1 Overview Overview NNP 5180 1036 2 of of IN 5180 1036 3 Public Public NNP 5180 1036 4 Forum Forum NNP 5180 1036 5 Doctrine Doctrine NNP 5180 1036 6 The the DT 5180 1036 7 government government NN 5180 1036 8 's 's POS 5180 1036 9 power power NN 5180 1036 10 to to TO 5180 1036 11 restrict restrict VB 5180 1036 12 speech speech NN 5180 1036 13 on on IN 5180 1036 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1036 15 own own JJ 5180 1036 16 property property NN 5180 1036 17 is be VBZ 5180 1036 18 not not RB 5180 1036 19 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1036 20 . . . 5180 1037 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1037 2 , , , 5180 1037 3 under under IN 5180 1037 4 public public JJ 5180 1037 5 forum forum NN 5180 1037 6 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1037 7 , , , 5180 1037 8 the the DT 5180 1037 9 extent extent NN 5180 1037 10 to to TO 5180 1037 11 which which WDT 5180 1037 12 the the DT 5180 1037 13 First First NNP 5180 1037 14 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1037 15 permits permit VBZ 5180 1037 16 the the DT 5180 1037 17 government government NN 5180 1037 18 to to TO 5180 1037 19 restrict restrict VB 5180 1037 20 speech speech NN 5180 1037 21 on on IN 5180 1037 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1037 23 own own JJ 5180 1037 24 property property NN 5180 1037 25 depends depend VBZ 5180 1037 26 on on IN 5180 1037 27 the the DT 5180 1037 28 character character NN 5180 1037 29 of of IN 5180 1037 30 the the DT 5180 1037 31 forum forum NN 5180 1037 32 that that WDT 5180 1037 33 the the DT 5180 1037 34 government government NN 5180 1037 35 has have VBZ 5180 1037 36 created create VBN 5180 1037 37 . . . 5180 1038 1 See see VB 5180 1038 2 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1038 3 v. v. IN 5180 1038 4 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1038 5 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1038 6 Def Def NNP 5180 1038 7 . . . 5180 1039 1 & & CC 5180 1039 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1039 3 . . . 5180 1040 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1040 2 , , , 5180 1040 3 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1040 4 , , , 5180 1040 5 473 473 CD 5180 1040 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1040 7 788 788 CD 5180 1040 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1040 9 1985 1985 CD 5180 1040 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1040 11 . . . 5180 1041 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1041 2 , , , 5180 1041 3 the the DT 5180 1041 4 First First NNP 5180 1041 5 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1041 6 affords afford VBZ 5180 1041 7 greater great JJR 5180 1041 8 deference deference NN 5180 1041 9 to to IN 5180 1041 10 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1041 11 on on IN 5180 1041 12 speech speech NN 5180 1041 13 in in IN 5180 1041 14 those those DT 5180 1041 15 areas area NNS 5180 1041 16 considered consider VBD 5180 1041 17 less less RBR 5180 1041 18 amenable amenable JJ 5180 1041 19 to to IN 5180 1041 20 free free JJ 5180 1041 21 expression expression NN 5180 1041 22 , , , 5180 1041 23 such such JJ 5180 1041 24 as as IN 5180 1041 25 military military JJ 5180 1041 26 bases basis NNS 5180 1041 27 , , , 5180 1041 28 see see VB 5180 1041 29 Greer Greer NNP 5180 1041 30 v. v. IN 5180 1041 31 Spock Spock NNP 5180 1041 32 , , , 5180 1041 33 424 424 CD 5180 1041 34 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1041 35 828 828 CD 5180 1041 36 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1041 37 1976 1976 CD 5180 1041 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1041 39 , , , 5180 1041 40 jail jail NN 5180 1041 41 grounds ground NNS 5180 1041 42 , , , 5180 1041 43 see see VB 5180 1041 44 Adderley Adderley NNP 5180 1041 45 v. v. IN 5180 1041 46 Florida Florida NNP 5180 1041 47 , , , 5180 1041 48 385 385 CD 5180 1041 49 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1041 50 39 39 CD 5180 1041 51 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1041 52 1966 1966 CD 5180 1041 53 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1041 54 , , , 5180 1041 55 or or CC 5180 1041 56 public public JJ 5180 1041 57 airport airport NN 5180 1041 58 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1041 59 , , , 5180 1041 60 see see VB 5180 1041 61 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1041 62 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1041 63 for for IN 5180 1041 64 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1041 65 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1041 66 , , , 5180 1041 67 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1041 68 v. v. IN 5180 1041 69 Lee Lee NNP 5180 1041 70 , , , 5180 1041 71 505 505 CD 5180 1041 72 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1041 73 672 672 CD 5180 1041 74 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1041 75 1992 1992 CD 5180 1041 76 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1041 77 , , , 5180 1041 78 than than IN 5180 1041 79 to to IN 5180 1041 80 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1041 81 on on IN 5180 1041 82 speech speech NN 5180 1041 83 in in IN 5180 1041 84 state state NN 5180 1041 85 universities university NNS 5180 1041 86 , , , 5180 1041 87 see see VB 5180 1041 88 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1041 89 v. v. IN 5180 1041 90 Rector Rector NNP 5180 1041 91 & & CC 5180 1041 92 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 1041 93 of of IN 5180 1041 94 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1041 95 . . . 5180 1042 1 of of IN 5180 1042 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 1042 3 , , , 5180 1042 4 515 515 CD 5180 1042 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1042 6 819 819 CD 5180 1042 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1042 8 1995 1995 CD 5180 1042 9 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1042 10 , , , 5180 1042 11 or or CC 5180 1042 12 streets street NNS 5180 1042 13 , , , 5180 1042 14 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1042 15 and and CC 5180 1042 16 public public JJ 5180 1042 17 parks park NNS 5180 1042 18 , , , 5180 1042 19 see see VB 5180 1042 20 Frisby Frisby NNP 5180 1042 21 v. v. IN 5180 1042 22 Schultz Schultz NNP 5180 1042 23 , , , 5180 1042 24 487 487 CD 5180 1042 25 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1042 26 474 474 CD 5180 1042 27 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1042 28 1988 1988 CD 5180 1042 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1042 30 ; ; : 5180 1042 31 Hague Hague NNP 5180 1042 32 v. v. CC 5180 1042 33 CIO CIO NNP 5180 1042 34 , , , 5180 1042 35 307 307 CD 5180 1042 36 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1042 37 496 496 CD 5180 1042 38 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1042 39 1939 1939 CD 5180 1042 40 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1042 41 . . . 5180 1043 1 The the DT 5180 1043 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1043 3 Court Court NNP 5180 1043 4 has have VBZ 5180 1043 5 identified identify VBN 5180 1043 6 three three CD 5180 1043 7 types type NNS 5180 1043 8 of of IN 5180 1043 9 fora fora NN 5180 1043 10 for for IN 5180 1043 11 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1043 12 of of IN 5180 1043 13 identifying identify VBG 5180 1043 14 the the DT 5180 1043 15 level level NN 5180 1043 16 of of IN 5180 1043 17 First First NNP 5180 1043 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1043 19 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1043 20 applicable applicable JJ 5180 1043 21 to to IN 5180 1043 22 content content NN 5180 1043 23 - - HYPH 5180 1043 24 based base VBN 5180 1043 25 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1043 26 on on IN 5180 1043 27 speech speech NN 5180 1043 28 on on IN 5180 1043 29 government government NN 5180 1043 30 property property NN 5180 1043 31 : : : 5180 1043 32 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1043 33 public public JJ 5180 1043 34 fora fora NN 5180 1043 35 , , , 5180 1043 36 designated designate VBD 5180 1043 37 public public JJ 5180 1043 38 fora fora NN 5180 1043 39 , , , 5180 1043 40 and and CC 5180 1043 41 nonpublic nonpublic NNP 5180 1043 42 fora fora NNP 5180 1043 43 . . . 5180 1044 1 Traditional traditional JJ 5180 1044 2 public public JJ 5180 1044 3 fora fora NN 5180 1044 4 include include VBP 5180 1044 5 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1044 6 , , , 5180 1044 7 squares square NNS 5180 1044 8 , , , 5180 1044 9 and and CC 5180 1044 10 public public JJ 5180 1044 11 parks park NNS 5180 1044 12 : : : 5180 1044 13 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1044 14 S]treets S]treets NNP 5180 1044 15 and and CC 5180 1044 16 parks park NNS 5180 1044 17 . . . 5180 1045 1 . . . 5180 1046 1 . . . 5180 1047 1 have have VBP 5180 1047 2 immemorially immemorially RB 5180 1047 3 been be VBN 5180 1047 4 held hold VBN 5180 1047 5 in in IN 5180 1047 6 trust trust NN 5180 1047 7 for for IN 5180 1047 8 the the DT 5180 1047 9 use use NN 5180 1047 10 of of IN 5180 1047 11 the the DT 5180 1047 12 public public NN 5180 1047 13 and and CC 5180 1047 14 , , , 5180 1047 15 time time NN 5180 1047 16 out out IN 5180 1047 17 of of IN 5180 1047 18 mind mind NN 5180 1047 19 , , , 5180 1047 20 have have VBP 5180 1047 21 been be VBN 5180 1047 22 used use VBN 5180 1047 23 for for IN 5180 1047 24 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1047 25 of of IN 5180 1047 26 assembly assembly NN 5180 1047 27 , , , 5180 1047 28 communicating communicate VBG 5180 1047 29 thoughts thought NNS 5180 1047 30 between between IN 5180 1047 31 citizens citizen NNS 5180 1047 32 , , , 5180 1047 33 and and CC 5180 1047 34 discussing discuss VBG 5180 1047 35 public public JJ 5180 1047 36 questions question NNS 5180 1047 37 . . . 5180 1048 1 Such such JJ 5180 1048 2 use use NN 5180 1048 3 of of IN 5180 1048 4 the the DT 5180 1048 5 streets street NNS 5180 1048 6 and and CC 5180 1048 7 public public JJ 5180 1048 8 places place NNS 5180 1048 9 has have VBZ 5180 1048 10 , , , 5180 1048 11 from from IN 5180 1048 12 ancient ancient JJ 5180 1048 13 times time NNS 5180 1048 14 , , , 5180 1048 15 been be VBN 5180 1048 16 a a DT 5180 1048 17 part part NN 5180 1048 18 of of IN 5180 1048 19 the the DT 5180 1048 20 privileges privilege NNS 5180 1048 21 , , , 5180 1048 22 immunities immunity NNS 5180 1048 23 , , , 5180 1048 24 rights right NNS 5180 1048 25 , , , 5180 1048 26 and and CC 5180 1048 27 liberties liberty NNS 5180 1048 28 of of IN 5180 1048 29 citizens citizen NNS 5180 1048 30 . . . 5180 1049 1 Hague Hague NNP 5180 1049 2 , , , 5180 1049 3 307 307 CD 5180 1049 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1049 5 at at IN 5180 1049 6 515 515 CD 5180 1049 7 . . . 5180 1050 1 " " `` 5180 1050 2 In in IN 5180 1050 3 these these DT 5180 1050 4 quintessential quintessential JJ 5180 1050 5 public public JJ 5180 1050 6 forums forum NNS 5180 1050 7 , , , 5180 1050 8 . . . 5180 1051 1 . . . 5180 1052 1 . . . 5180 1053 1 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1053 2 f]or f]or : 5180 1053 3 the the DT 5180 1053 4 State State NNP 5180 1053 5 to to TO 5180 1053 6 enforce enforce VB 5180 1053 7 a a DT 5180 1053 8 content content NN 5180 1053 9 - - HYPH 5180 1053 10 based base VBN 5180 1053 11 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1053 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1053 13 must must MD 5180 1053 14 show show VB 5180 1053 15 that that IN 5180 1053 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1053 17 regulation regulation NN 5180 1053 18 is be VBZ 5180 1053 19 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1053 20 to to TO 5180 1053 21 serve serve VB 5180 1053 22 a a DT 5180 1053 23 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1053 24 state state NN 5180 1053 25 interest interest NN 5180 1053 26 and and CC 5180 1053 27 that that IN 5180 1053 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1053 29 is be VBZ 5180 1053 30 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1053 31 drawn draw VBN 5180 1053 32 to to TO 5180 1053 33 achieve achieve VB 5180 1053 34 that that DT 5180 1053 35 end end NN 5180 1053 36 . . . 5180 1053 37 " " '' 5180 1054 1 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1054 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1054 3 . . . 5180 1055 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1055 2 v. v. CC 5180 1055 3 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1055 4 Local Local NNP 5180 1055 5 Educs Educs NNP 5180 1055 6 . . . 5180 1056 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1056 2 , , , 5180 1056 3 460 460 CD 5180 1056 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1056 5 37 37 CD 5180 1056 6 , , , 5180 1056 7 45 45 CD 5180 1056 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1056 9 1983 1983 CD 5180 1056 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1056 11 ; ; : 5180 1056 12 see see VB 5180 1056 13 also also RB 5180 1056 14 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1056 15 Soc'y Soc'y : 5180 1056 16 for for IN 5180 1056 17 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1056 18 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1056 19 , , , 5180 1056 20 505 505 CD 5180 1056 21 U.S. U.S. NNS 5180 1056 22 at at IN 5180 1056 23 678 678 CD 5180 1056 24 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1056 25 " " '' 5180 1056 26 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1056 27 R]egulation R]egulation NNP 5180 1056 28 of of IN 5180 1056 29 speech speech NN 5180 1056 30 on on IN 5180 1056 31 government government NN 5180 1056 32 property property NN 5180 1056 33 that that WDT 5180 1056 34 has have VBZ 5180 1056 35 traditionally traditionally RB 5180 1056 36 been be VBN 5180 1056 37 available available JJ 5180 1056 38 for for IN 5180 1056 39 public public JJ 5180 1056 40 expression expression NN 5180 1056 41 is be VBZ 5180 1056 42 subject subject JJ 5180 1056 43 to to IN 5180 1056 44 the the DT 5180 1056 45 highest high JJS 5180 1056 46 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1056 47 . . . 5180 1057 1 ") ") `` 5180 1057 2 ; ; : 5180 1057 3 Frisby Frisby NNP 5180 1057 4 , , , 5180 1057 5 487 487 CD 5180 1057 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1057 7 at at IN 5180 1057 8 480 480 CD 5180 1057 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1057 10 " " `` 5180 1057 11 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1057 12 W]e W]e NNP 5180 1057 13 have have VBP 5180 1057 14 repeatedly repeatedly RB 5180 1057 15 referred refer VBN 5180 1057 16 to to IN 5180 1057 17 public public JJ 5180 1057 18 streets street NNS 5180 1057 19 as as IN 5180 1057 20 the the DT 5180 1057 21 archetype archetype NN 5180 1057 22 of of IN 5180 1057 23 a a DT 5180 1057 24 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1057 25 public public JJ 5180 1057 26 forum forum NN 5180 1057 27 . . . 5180 1057 28 " " '' 5180 1057 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1057 30 . . . 5180 1058 1 A a DT 5180 1058 2 second second JJ 5180 1058 3 category category NN 5180 1058 4 of of IN 5180 1058 5 fora fora NNP 5180 1058 6 , , , 5180 1058 7 known know VBN 5180 1058 8 as as IN 5180 1058 9 designated designate VBN 5180 1058 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1058 11 or or CC 5180 1058 12 limited limited JJ 5180 1058 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1058 14 public public JJ 5180 1058 15 fora fora NN 5180 1058 16 , , , 5180 1058 17 " " '' 5180 1058 18 consists consist VBZ 5180 1058 19 of of IN 5180 1058 20 public public JJ 5180 1058 21 property property NN 5180 1058 22 which which WDT 5180 1058 23 the the DT 5180 1058 24 State State NNP 5180 1058 25 has have VBZ 5180 1058 26 opened open VBN 5180 1058 27 for for IN 5180 1058 28 use use NN 5180 1058 29 by by IN 5180 1058 30 the the DT 5180 1058 31 public public NN 5180 1058 32 as as IN 5180 1058 33 a a DT 5180 1058 34 place place NN 5180 1058 35 for for IN 5180 1058 36 expressive expressive JJ 5180 1058 37 activity activity NN 5180 1058 38 . . . 5180 1058 39 " " '' 5180 1059 1 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1059 2 , , , 5180 1059 3 460 460 CD 5180 1059 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1059 5 at at IN 5180 1059 6 46 46 CD 5180 1059 7 . . . 5180 1060 1 Whereas whereas IN 5180 1060 2 any any DT 5180 1060 3 content content NN 5180 1060 4 - - HYPH 5180 1060 5 based base VBN 5180 1060 6 restriction restriction NN 5180 1060 7 on on IN 5180 1060 8 the the DT 5180 1060 9 use use NN 5180 1060 10 of of IN 5180 1060 11 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1060 12 public public JJ 5180 1060 13 fora fora NN 5180 1060 14 is be VBZ 5180 1060 15 subject subject JJ 5180 1060 16 to to IN 5180 1060 17 strict strict JJ 5180 1060 18 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1060 19 , , , 5180 1060 20 the the DT 5180 1060 21 state state NN 5180 1060 22 is be VBZ 5180 1060 23 generally generally RB 5180 1060 24 permitted permit VBN 5180 1060 25 , , , 5180 1060 26 as as RB 5180 1060 27 long long RB 5180 1060 28 as as IN 5180 1060 29 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1060 30 does do VBZ 5180 1060 31 not not RB 5180 1060 32 discriminate discriminate VB 5180 1060 33 on on IN 5180 1060 34 the the DT 5180 1060 35 basis basis NN 5180 1060 36 of of IN 5180 1060 37 viewpoint viewpoint NN 5180 1060 38 , , , 5180 1060 39 to to TO 5180 1060 40 limit limit VB 5180 1060 41 a a DT 5180 1060 42 designated designate VBN 5180 1060 43 public public JJ 5180 1060 44 forum forum NN 5180 1060 45 to to IN 5180 1060 46 certain certain JJ 5180 1060 47 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1060 48 or or CC 5180 1060 49 the the DT 5180 1060 50 discussion discussion NN 5180 1060 51 of of IN 5180 1060 52 certain certain JJ 5180 1060 53 subjects subject NNS 5180 1060 54 . . . 5180 1061 1 See see UH 5180 1061 2 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1061 3 , , , 5180 1061 4 460 460 CD 5180 1061 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1061 6 at at IN 5180 1061 7 45 45 CD 5180 1061 8 n.7 n.7 NNS 5180 1061 9 . . . 5180 1062 1 Once once IN 5180 1062 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1062 3 has have VBZ 5180 1062 4 defined define VBN 5180 1062 5 the the DT 5180 1062 6 limits limit NNS 5180 1062 7 of of IN 5180 1062 8 a a DT 5180 1062 9 designated designate VBN 5180 1062 10 public public JJ 5180 1062 11 forum forum NN 5180 1062 12 , , , 5180 1062 13 however however RB 5180 1062 14 , , , 5180 1062 15 " " '' 5180 1062 16 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1062 17 r]egulation r]egulation NN 5180 1062 18 of of IN 5180 1062 19 such such JJ 5180 1062 20 property property NN 5180 1062 21 is be VBZ 5180 1062 22 subject subject JJ 5180 1062 23 to to IN 5180 1062 24 the the DT 5180 1062 25 same same JJ 5180 1062 26 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1062 27 as as IN 5180 1062 28 that that DT 5180 1062 29 governing govern VBG 5180 1062 30 a a DT 5180 1062 31 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1062 32 public public JJ 5180 1062 33 forum forum NN 5180 1062 34 . . . 5180 1062 35 " " '' 5180 1063 1 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1063 2 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1063 3 for for IN 5180 1063 4 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1063 5 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1063 6 , , , 5180 1063 7 505 505 CD 5180 1063 8 U.S. U.S. NNS 5180 1063 9 at at IN 5180 1063 10 678 678 CD 5180 1063 11 . . . 5180 1064 1 Examples example NNS 5180 1064 2 of of IN 5180 1064 3 designated designate VBN 5180 1064 4 fora fora NNP 5180 1064 5 include include VBP 5180 1064 6 university university NN 5180 1064 7 meeting meeting NN 5180 1064 8 facilities facility NNS 5180 1064 9 , , , 5180 1064 10 see see VB 5180 1064 11 Widmar Widmar NNP 5180 1064 12 v. v. IN 5180 1064 13 Vincent Vincent NNP 5180 1064 14 , , , 5180 1064 15 454 454 CD 5180 1064 16 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1064 17 263 263 CD 5180 1064 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1064 19 1981 1981 CD 5180 1064 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1064 21 , , , 5180 1064 22 school school NN 5180 1064 23 board board NN 5180 1064 24 meetings meeting NNS 5180 1064 25 , , , 5180 1064 26 see see VB 5180 1064 27 City City NNP 5180 1064 28 of of IN 5180 1064 29 Madison Madison NNP 5180 1064 30 Joint Joint NNP 5180 1064 31 School School NNP 5180 1064 32 Dist Dist NNP 5180 1064 33 . . . 5180 1065 1 v. v. CC 5180 1065 2 Wisc Wisc NNP 5180 1065 3 . . . 5180 1066 1 Employment Employment NNP 5180 1066 2 Relations Relations NNPS 5180 1066 3 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 1066 4 , , , 5180 1066 5 429 429 CD 5180 1066 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1066 7 167 167 CD 5180 1066 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1066 9 1976 1976 CD 5180 1066 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1066 11 , , , 5180 1066 12 and and CC 5180 1066 13 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1066 14 theaters theater NNS 5180 1066 15 , , , 5180 1066 16 see see VB 5180 1066 17 Southeastern Southeastern NNP 5180 1066 18 Promotions Promotions NNP 5180 1066 19 , , , 5180 1066 20 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 5180 1066 21 v. v. IN 5180 1066 22 Conrad Conrad NNP 5180 1066 23 , , , 5180 1066 24 420 420 CD 5180 1066 25 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1066 26 546 546 CD 5180 1066 27 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1066 28 1975 1975 CD 5180 1066 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1066 30 . . . 5180 1067 1 The the DT 5180 1067 2 third third JJ 5180 1067 3 category category NN 5180 1067 4 , , , 5180 1067 5 nonpublic nonpublic NNP 5180 1067 6 fora fora NNP 5180 1067 7 , , , 5180 1067 8 consists consist VBZ 5180 1067 9 of of IN 5180 1067 10 all all DT 5180 1067 11 remaining remain VBG 5180 1067 12 public public JJ 5180 1067 13 property property NN 5180 1067 14 . . . 5180 1068 1 " " `` 5180 1068 2 Limitations limitation NNS 5180 1068 3 on on IN 5180 1068 4 expressive expressive JJ 5180 1068 5 activity activity NN 5180 1068 6 conducted conduct VBN 5180 1068 7 on on IN 5180 1068 8 this this DT 5180 1068 9 last last JJ 5180 1068 10 category category NN 5180 1068 11 of of IN 5180 1068 12 property property NN 5180 1068 13 must must MD 5180 1068 14 survive survive VB 5180 1068 15 only only RB 5180 1068 16 a a DT 5180 1068 17 much much RB 5180 1068 18 more more RBR 5180 1068 19 limited limited JJ 5180 1068 20 review review NN 5180 1068 21 . . . 5180 1069 1 The the DT 5180 1069 2 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1069 3 regulation regulation NN 5180 1069 4 need nee MD 5180 1069 5 only only RB 5180 1069 6 be be VB 5180 1069 7 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 1069 8 , , , 5180 1069 9 as as RB 5180 1069 10 long long RB 5180 1069 11 as as IN 5180 1069 12 the the DT 5180 1069 13 regulation regulation NN 5180 1069 14 is be VBZ 5180 1069 15 not not RB 5180 1069 16 an an DT 5180 1069 17 effort effort NN 5180 1069 18 to to TO 5180 1069 19 suppress suppress VB 5180 1069 20 the the DT 5180 1069 21 speaker speaker NN 5180 1069 22 's 's POS 5180 1069 23 activity activity NN 5180 1069 24 due due JJ 5180 1069 25 to to IN 5180 1069 26 disagreement disagreement NN 5180 1069 27 with with IN 5180 1069 28 the the DT 5180 1069 29 speaker speaker NN 5180 1069 30 's 's POS 5180 1069 31 view view NN 5180 1069 32 . . . 5180 1069 33 " " '' 5180 1070 1 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1070 2 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1070 3 for for IN 5180 1070 4 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1070 5 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1070 6 , , , 5180 1070 7 505 505 CD 5180 1070 8 U.S. U.S. NNS 5180 1070 9 at at IN 5180 1070 10 679 679 CD 5180 1070 11 . . . 5180 1071 1 2 2 LS 5180 1071 2 . . . 5180 1072 1 Contours contour NNS 5180 1072 2 of of IN 5180 1072 3 the the DT 5180 1072 4 Relevant Relevant NNP 5180 1072 5 Forum Forum NNP 5180 1072 6 : : : 5180 1072 7 the the DT 5180 1072 8 Library Library NNP 5180 1072 9 's 's POS 5180 1072 10 Collection Collection NNP 5180 1072 11 as as IN 5180 1072 12 a a DT 5180 1072 13 Whole Whole NNP 5180 1072 14 or or CC 5180 1072 15 the the DT 5180 1072 16 Provision Provision NNP 5180 1072 17 of of IN 5180 1072 18 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1072 19 Access Access NNP 5180 1072 20 ? ? . 5180 1073 1 To to TO 5180 1073 2 apply apply VB 5180 1073 3 public public JJ 5180 1073 4 forum forum NN 5180 1073 5 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1073 6 to to IN 5180 1073 7 this this DT 5180 1073 8 case case NN 5180 1073 9 , , , 5180 1073 10 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1073 11 must must MD 5180 1073 12 first first RB 5180 1073 13 determine determine VB 5180 1073 14 whether whether IN 5180 1073 15 the the DT 5180 1073 16 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1073 17 forum forum NN 5180 1073 18 for for IN 5180 1073 19 analysis analysis NN 5180 1073 20 is be VBZ 5180 1073 21 the the DT 5180 1073 22 library library NN 5180 1073 23 's 's POS 5180 1073 24 collection collection NN 5180 1073 25 as as IN 5180 1073 26 a a DT 5180 1073 27 whole whole NN 5180 1073 28 , , , 5180 1073 29 which which WDT 5180 1073 30 includes include VBZ 5180 1073 31 both both DT 5180 1073 32 print print NN 5180 1073 33 and and CC 5180 1073 34 electronic electronic JJ 5180 1073 35 resources resource NNS 5180 1073 36 , , , 5180 1073 37 or or CC 5180 1073 38 the the DT 5180 1073 39 library library NN 5180 1073 40 's 's POS 5180 1073 41 provision provision NN 5180 1073 42 of of IN 5180 1073 43 Internet internet NN 5180 1073 44 access access NN 5180 1073 45 . . . 5180 1074 1 Where where WRB 5180 1074 2 a a DT 5180 1074 3 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 1074 4 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1074 5 limited limited JJ 5180 1074 6 access access NN 5180 1074 7 , , , 5180 1074 8 for for IN 5180 1074 9 expressive expressive JJ 5180 1074 10 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1074 11 , , , 5180 1074 12 to to IN 5180 1074 13 governmentally governmentally RB 5180 1074 14 controlled control VBN 5180 1074 15 property property NN 5180 1074 16 , , , 5180 1074 17 the the DT 5180 1074 18 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1074 19 Court Court NNP 5180 1074 20 has have VBZ 5180 1074 21 held hold VBN 5180 1074 22 that that IN 5180 1074 23 the the DT 5180 1074 24 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1074 25 forum forum NN 5180 1074 26 is be VBZ 5180 1074 27 defined define VBN 5180 1074 28 not not RB 5180 1074 29 by by IN 5180 1074 30 the the DT 5180 1074 31 physical physical JJ 5180 1074 32 limits limit NNS 5180 1074 33 of of IN 5180 1074 34 the the DT 5180 1074 35 government government NN 5180 1074 36 property property NN 5180 1074 37 at at IN 5180 1074 38 issue issue NN 5180 1074 39 , , , 5180 1074 40 but but CC 5180 1074 41 rather rather RB 5180 1074 42 by by IN 5180 1074 43 the the DT 5180 1074 44 specific specific JJ 5180 1074 45 access access NN 5180 1074 46 that that WDT 5180 1074 47 the the DT 5180 1074 48 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 1074 49 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1074 50 : : : 5180 1074 51 Although although IN 5180 1074 52 . . . 5180 1075 1 . . . 5180 1076 1 . . . 5180 1077 1 as as IN 5180 1077 2 an an DT 5180 1077 3 initial initial JJ 5180 1077 4 matter matter NN 5180 1077 5 a a DT 5180 1077 6 speaker speaker NN 5180 1077 7 must must MD 5180 1077 8 seek seek VB 5180 1077 9 access access NN 5180 1077 10 to to IN 5180 1077 11 public public JJ 5180 1077 12 property property NN 5180 1077 13 or or CC 5180 1077 14 to to IN 5180 1077 15 private private JJ 5180 1077 16 property property NN 5180 1077 17 dedicated dedicate VBN 5180 1077 18 to to IN 5180 1077 19 public public JJ 5180 1077 20 use use NN 5180 1077 21 to to TO 5180 1077 22 evoke evoke VB 5180 1077 23 First First NNP 5180 1077 24 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1077 25 concerns concern NNS 5180 1077 26 , , , 5180 1077 27 forum forum NN 5180 1077 28 analysis analysis NN 5180 1077 29 is be VBZ 5180 1077 30 not not RB 5180 1077 31 completed complete VBN 5180 1077 32 merely merely RB 5180 1077 33 by by IN 5180 1077 34 identifying identify VBG 5180 1077 35 the the DT 5180 1077 36 government government NN 5180 1077 37 property property NN 5180 1077 38 at at IN 5180 1077 39 issue issue NN 5180 1077 40 . . . 5180 1078 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1078 2 , , , 5180 1078 3 in in IN 5180 1078 4 defining define VBG 5180 1078 5 the the DT 5180 1078 6 forum forum NN 5180 1078 7 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1078 8 have have VBP 5180 1078 9 focused focus VBN 5180 1078 10 on on IN 5180 1078 11 the the DT 5180 1078 12 access access NN 5180 1078 13 sought seek VBN 5180 1078 14 by by IN 5180 1078 15 the the DT 5180 1078 16 speaker speaker NN 5180 1078 17 . . . 5180 1079 1 When when WRB 5180 1079 2 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1079 3 seek seek VBP 5180 1079 4 general general JJ 5180 1079 5 access access NN 5180 1079 6 to to IN 5180 1079 7 public public JJ 5180 1079 8 property property NN 5180 1079 9 , , , 5180 1079 10 the the DT 5180 1079 11 forum forum NN 5180 1079 12 encompasses encompass VBZ 5180 1079 13 that that DT 5180 1079 14 property property NN 5180 1079 15 . . . 5180 1080 1 In in IN 5180 1080 2 cases case NNS 5180 1080 3 in in IN 5180 1080 4 which which WDT 5180 1080 5 limited limited JJ 5180 1080 6 access access NN 5180 1080 7 is be VBZ 5180 1080 8 sought seek VBN 5180 1080 9 , , , 5180 1080 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1080 11 cases case NNS 5180 1080 12 have have VBP 5180 1080 13 taken take VBN 5180 1080 14 a a DT 5180 1080 15 more more RBR 5180 1080 16 tailored tailored JJ 5180 1080 17 approach approach NN 5180 1080 18 to to IN 5180 1080 19 ascertaining ascertain VBG 5180 1080 20 the the DT 5180 1080 21 perimeters perimeter NNS 5180 1080 22 of of IN 5180 1080 23 a a DT 5180 1080 24 forum forum NN 5180 1080 25 within within IN 5180 1080 26 the the DT 5180 1080 27 confines confine NNS 5180 1080 28 of of IN 5180 1080 29 the the DT 5180 1080 30 government government NN 5180 1080 31 property property NN 5180 1080 32 . . . 5180 1081 1 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1081 2 v. v. CC 5180 1081 3 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1081 4 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1081 5 Def Def NNP 5180 1081 6 . . . 5180 1082 1 & & CC 5180 1082 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1082 3 . . . 5180 1083 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1083 2 , , , 5180 1083 3 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1083 4 , , , 5180 1083 5 473 473 CD 5180 1083 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1083 7 788 788 CD 5180 1083 8 , , , 5180 1083 9 801 801 CD 5180 1083 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1083 11 1985 1985 CD 5180 1083 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1083 13 . . . 5180 1084 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1084 2 , , , 5180 1084 3 in in IN 5180 1084 4 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1084 5 , , , 5180 1084 6 where where WRB 5180 1084 7 the the DT 5180 1084 8 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1084 9 were be VBD 5180 1084 10 legal legal JJ 5180 1084 11 defense defense NN 5180 1084 12 and and CC 5180 1084 13 political political JJ 5180 1084 14 advocacy advocacy NN 5180 1084 15 groups group NNS 5180 1084 16 seeking seek VBG 5180 1084 17 to to TO 5180 1084 18 participate participate VB 5180 1084 19 in in IN 5180 1084 20 the the DT 5180 1084 21 Combined Combined NNP 5180 1084 22 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1084 23 Campaign Campaign NNP 5180 1084 24 charity charity NN 5180 1084 25 drive drive NN 5180 1084 26 , , , 5180 1084 27 the the DT 5180 1084 28 Court Court NNP 5180 1084 29 held hold VBD 5180 1084 30 that that IN 5180 1084 31 the the DT 5180 1084 32 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1084 33 forum forum NN 5180 1084 34 , , , 5180 1084 35 for for IN 5180 1084 36 First First NNP 5180 1084 37 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1084 38 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1084 39 , , , 5180 1084 40 was be VBD 5180 1084 41 not not RB 5180 1084 42 the the DT 5180 1084 43 entire entire JJ 5180 1084 44 federal federal JJ 5180 1084 45 workplace workplace NN 5180 1084 46 , , , 5180 1084 47 but but CC 5180 1084 48 rather rather RB 5180 1084 49 the the DT 5180 1084 50 charity charity NN 5180 1084 51 drive drive VBP 5180 1084 52 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1084 53 . . . 5180 1085 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1086 1 at at IN 5180 1086 2 801 801 CD 5180 1086 3 . . . 5180 1087 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1087 2 , , , 5180 1087 3 in in IN 5180 1087 4 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1087 5 Education Education NNP 5180 1087 6 Association Association NNP 5180 1087 7 v. v. IN 5180 1087 8 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1087 9 Local Local NNP 5180 1087 10 Educators Educators NNPS 5180 1087 11 ' ' POS 5180 1087 12 Association Association NNP 5180 1087 13 , , , 5180 1087 14 460 460 CD 5180 1087 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1087 16 37 37 CD 5180 1087 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1087 18 1983 1983 CD 5180 1087 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1087 20 , , , 5180 1087 21 which which WDT 5180 1087 22 addressed address VBD 5180 1087 23 a a DT 5180 1087 24 union union NN 5180 1087 25 's 's POS 5180 1087 26 right right NN 5180 1087 27 to to TO 5180 1087 28 access access VB 5180 1087 29 a a DT 5180 1087 30 public public JJ 5180 1087 31 school school NN 5180 1087 32 's 's POS 5180 1087 33 internal internal JJ 5180 1087 34 mail mail NN 5180 1087 35 system system NN 5180 1087 36 and and CC 5180 1087 37 teachers teacher NNS 5180 1087 38 ' ' POS 5180 1087 39 mailboxes mailbox NNS 5180 1087 40 , , , 5180 1087 41 the the DT 5180 1087 42 Court Court NNP 5180 1087 43 identified identify VBD 5180 1087 44 the the DT 5180 1087 45 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1087 46 forum forum NN 5180 1087 47 as as IN 5180 1087 48 the the DT 5180 1087 49 school school NN 5180 1087 50 's 's POS 5180 1087 51 mail mail NN 5180 1087 52 system system NN 5180 1087 53 , , , 5180 1087 54 not not RB 5180 1087 55 the the DT 5180 1087 56 public public JJ 5180 1087 57 school school NN 5180 1087 58 as as IN 5180 1087 59 a a DT 5180 1087 60 whole whole NN 5180 1087 61 . . . 5180 1088 1 In in IN 5180 1088 2 Widmar Widmar NNP 5180 1088 3 v. v. IN 5180 1088 4 Vincent Vincent NNP 5180 1088 5 , , , 5180 1088 6 454 454 CD 5180 1088 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1088 8 263 263 CD 5180 1088 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1088 10 1981 1981 CD 5180 1088 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1088 12 , , , 5180 1088 13 in in IN 5180 1088 14 which which WDT 5180 1088 15 a a DT 5180 1088 16 student student NN 5180 1088 17 group group NN 5180 1088 18 challenged challenge VBD 5180 1088 19 a a DT 5180 1088 20 state state NN 5180 1088 21 university university NN 5180 1088 22 's 's POS 5180 1088 23 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1088 24 on on IN 5180 1088 25 use use NN 5180 1088 26 of of IN 5180 1088 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1088 28 meeting meeting NN 5180 1088 29 facilities facility NNS 5180 1088 30 , , , 5180 1088 31 the the DT 5180 1088 32 Court Court NNP 5180 1088 33 identified identify VBD 5180 1088 34 the the DT 5180 1088 35 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1088 36 forum forum NN 5180 1088 37 as as IN 5180 1088 38 the the DT 5180 1088 39 meeting meeting NN 5180 1088 40 facilities facilitie VBZ 5180 1088 41 to to TO 5180 1088 42 which which WDT 5180 1088 43 the the DT 5180 1088 44 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1088 45 sought seek VBD 5180 1088 46 access access NN 5180 1088 47 , , , 5180 1088 48 not not RB 5180 1088 49 the the DT 5180 1088 50 state state NNP 5180 1088 51 university university NNP 5180 1088 52 generally generally RB 5180 1088 53 . . . 5180 1089 1 And and CC 5180 1089 2 in in IN 5180 1089 3 Christ Christ NNP 5180 1089 4 's 's POS 5180 1089 5 Bride Bride NNP 5180 1089 6 Ministries Ministries NNPS 5180 1089 7 , , , 5180 1089 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1089 9 v. v. CC 5180 1089 10 SEPTA SEPTA NNP 5180 1089 11 , , , 5180 1089 12 148 148 CD 5180 1089 13 F.3d f.3d NN 5180 1089 14 242 242 CD 5180 1089 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1089 16 3d 3d NNP 5180 1089 17 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1089 18 . . . 5180 1090 1 1998 1998 CD 5180 1090 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1090 3 , , , 5180 1090 4 involving involve VBG 5180 1090 5 a a DT 5180 1090 6 First First NNP 5180 1090 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1090 8 challenge challenge NN 5180 1090 9 to to IN 5180 1090 10 the the DT 5180 1090 11 removal removal NN 5180 1090 12 of of IN 5180 1090 13 advertisements advertisement NNS 5180 1090 14 from from IN 5180 1090 15 subway subway NN 5180 1090 16 and and CC 5180 1090 17 commuter commuter NN 5180 1090 18 rail rail NN 5180 1090 19 stations station NNS 5180 1090 20 , , , 5180 1090 21 the the DT 5180 1090 22 Third Third NNP 5180 1090 23 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 1090 24 noted note VBD 5180 1090 25 that that IN 5180 1090 26 the the DT 5180 1090 27 forum forum NN 5180 1090 28 at at IN 5180 1090 29 issue issue NN 5180 1090 30 was be VBD 5180 1090 31 not not RB 5180 1090 32 the the DT 5180 1090 33 rail rail NN 5180 1090 34 and and CC 5180 1090 35 subway subway NN 5180 1090 36 stations station NNS 5180 1090 37 as as IN 5180 1090 38 a a DT 5180 1090 39 whole whole NN 5180 1090 40 , , , 5180 1090 41 but but CC 5180 1090 42 rather rather RB 5180 1090 43 the the DT 5180 1090 44 advertising advertising NN 5180 1090 45 space space NN 5180 1090 46 within within IN 5180 1090 47 the the DT 5180 1090 48 stations station NNS 5180 1090 49 . . . 5180 1091 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1092 1 at at IN 5180 1092 2 248 248 CD 5180 1092 3 . . . 5180 1093 1 Although although IN 5180 1093 2 these these DT 5180 1093 3 cases case NNS 5180 1093 4 dealt deal VBD 5180 1093 5 with with IN 5180 1093 6 the the DT 5180 1093 7 problem problem NN 5180 1093 8 of of IN 5180 1093 9 identifying identify VBG 5180 1093 10 the the DT 5180 1093 11 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1093 12 forum forum NN 5180 1093 13 where where WRB 5180 1093 14 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1093 15 are be VBP 5180 1093 16 claiming claim VBG 5180 1093 17 a a DT 5180 1093 18 right right NN 5180 1093 19 of of IN 5180 1093 20 access access NN 5180 1093 21 , , , 5180 1093 22 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1093 23 believe believe VBP 5180 1093 24 that that IN 5180 1093 25 the the DT 5180 1093 26 same same JJ 5180 1093 27 approach approach NN 5180 1093 28 applies apply VBZ 5180 1093 29 to to IN 5180 1093 30 identifying identify VBG 5180 1093 31 the the DT 5180 1093 32 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1093 33 forum forum NN 5180 1093 34 where where WRB 5180 1093 35 the the DT 5180 1093 36 parties party NNS 5180 1093 37 seeking seek VBG 5180 1093 38 access access NN 5180 1093 39 are be VBP 5180 1093 40 listeners listener NNS 5180 1093 41 or or CC 5180 1093 42 readers reader NNS 5180 1093 43 . . . 5180 1094 1 In in IN 5180 1094 2 this this DT 5180 1094 3 case case NN 5180 1094 4 , , , 5180 1094 5 the the DT 5180 1094 6 patron patron NN 5180 1094 7 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1094 8 are be VBP 5180 1094 9 not not RB 5180 1094 10 asserting assert VBG 5180 1094 11 a a DT 5180 1094 12 First First NNP 5180 1094 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1094 14 right right NN 5180 1094 15 to to TO 5180 1094 16 compel compel VB 5180 1094 17 public public JJ 5180 1094 18 libraries library NNS 5180 1094 19 to to TO 5180 1094 20 acquire acquire VB 5180 1094 21 certain certain JJ 5180 1094 22 books book NNS 5180 1094 23 or or CC 5180 1094 24 magazines magazine NNS 5180 1094 25 for for IN 5180 1094 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1094 27 print print NN 5180 1094 28 collections collection NNS 5180 1094 29 . . . 5180 1095 1 Nor nor CC 5180 1095 2 are be VBP 5180 1095 3 the the DT 5180 1095 4 Web web NN 5180 1095 5 site site NN 5180 1095 6 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1095 7 claiming claim VBG 5180 1095 8 a a DT 5180 1095 9 First First NNP 5180 1095 10 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1095 11 right right NN 5180 1095 12 to to TO 5180 1095 13 compel compel VB 5180 1095 14 public public JJ 5180 1095 15 libraries library NNS 5180 1095 16 to to TO 5180 1095 17 carry carry VB 5180 1095 18 print print NN 5180 1095 19 materials material NNS 5180 1095 20 that that IN 5180 1095 21 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1095 22 publish publish VBP 5180 1095 23 . . . 5180 1096 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1096 2 , , , 5180 1096 3 the the DT 5180 1096 4 right right NN 5180 1096 5 at at IN 5180 1096 6 issue issue NN 5180 1096 7 in in IN 5180 1096 8 this this DT 5180 1096 9 case case NN 5180 1096 10 is be VBZ 5180 1096 11 the the DT 5180 1096 12 specific specific JJ 5180 1096 13 right right NN 5180 1096 14 of of IN 5180 1096 15 library library NN 5180 1096 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1096 17 to to TO 5180 1096 18 access access VB 5180 1096 19 information information NN 5180 1096 20 on on IN 5180 1096 21 the the DT 5180 1096 22 Internet internet NN 5180 1096 23 , , , 5180 1096 24 and and CC 5180 1096 25 the the DT 5180 1096 26 specific specific JJ 5180 1096 27 right right NN 5180 1096 28 of of IN 5180 1096 29 Web web NN 5180 1096 30 publishers publisher NNS 5180 1096 31 to to TO 5180 1096 32 provide provide VB 5180 1096 33 library library NN 5180 1096 34 patrons patron NNS 5180 1096 35 with with IN 5180 1096 36 information information NN 5180 1096 37 via via IN 5180 1096 38 the the DT 5180 1096 39 Internet internet NN 5180 1096 40 . . . 5180 1097 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1097 2 , , , 5180 1097 3 the the DT 5180 1097 4 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1097 5 forum forum NN 5180 1097 6 for for IN 5180 1097 7 analysis analysis NN 5180 1097 8 is be VBZ 5180 1097 9 not not RB 5180 1097 10 the the DT 5180 1097 11 library library NN 5180 1097 12 's 's POS 5180 1097 13 entire entire JJ 5180 1097 14 collection collection NN 5180 1097 15 , , , 5180 1097 16 which which WDT 5180 1097 17 includes include VBZ 5180 1097 18 both both DT 5180 1097 19 print print NN 5180 1097 20 and and CC 5180 1097 21 electronic electronic JJ 5180 1097 22 media medium NNS 5180 1097 23 , , , 5180 1097 24 such such JJ 5180 1097 25 as as IN 5180 1097 26 the the DT 5180 1097 27 Internet internet NN 5180 1097 28 , , , 5180 1097 29 but but CC 5180 1097 30 rather rather RB 5180 1097 31 the the DT 5180 1097 32 specific specific JJ 5180 1097 33 forum forum NN 5180 1097 34 created create VBD 5180 1097 35 when when WRB 5180 1097 36 the the DT 5180 1097 37 library library NN 5180 1097 38 provides provide VBZ 5180 1097 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1097 40 patrons patron NNS 5180 1097 41 with with IN 5180 1097 42 Internet internet NN 5180 1097 43 access access NN 5180 1097 44 . . . 5180 1098 1 Although although IN 5180 1098 2 a a DT 5180 1098 3 public public JJ 5180 1098 4 library library NN 5180 1098 5 's 's POS 5180 1098 6 provision provision NN 5180 1098 7 of of IN 5180 1098 8 Internet internet NN 5180 1098 9 access access NN 5180 1098 10 does do VBZ 5180 1098 11 not not RB 5180 1098 12 resemble resemble VB 5180 1098 13 the the DT 5180 1098 14 conventional conventional JJ 5180 1098 15 notion notion NN 5180 1098 16 of of IN 5180 1098 17 a a DT 5180 1098 18 forum forum NN 5180 1098 19 as as IN 5180 1098 20 a a DT 5180 1098 21 well- well- NN 5180 1098 22 defined define VBN 5180 1098 23 physical physical JJ 5180 1098 24 space space NN 5180 1098 25 , , , 5180 1098 26 the the DT 5180 1098 27 same same JJ 5180 1098 28 First First NNP 5180 1098 29 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1098 30 standards standard NNS 5180 1098 31 apply apply VBP 5180 1098 32 . . . 5180 1099 1 See see VB 5180 1099 2 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1099 3 v. v. IN 5180 1099 4 Rector Rector NNP 5180 1099 5 & & CC 5180 1099 6 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 1099 7 of of IN 5180 1099 8 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1099 9 . . . 5180 1100 1 of of IN 5180 1100 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 1100 3 , , , 5180 1100 4 515 515 CD 5180 1100 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1100 6 819 819 CD 5180 1100 7 , , , 5180 1100 8 830 830 CD 5180 1100 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1100 10 1995 1995 CD 5180 1100 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1100 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1100 13 holding hold VBG 5180 1100 14 that that IN 5180 1100 15 a a DT 5180 1100 16 state state NN 5180 1100 17 university university NN 5180 1100 18 's 's POS 5180 1100 19 student student NN 5180 1100 20 activities activity NNS 5180 1100 21 fund fund NN 5180 1100 22 " " '' 5180 1100 23 is be VBZ 5180 1100 24 a a DT 5180 1100 25 forum forum NN 5180 1100 26 more more RBR 5180 1100 27 in in IN 5180 1100 28 a a DT 5180 1100 29 metaphysical metaphysical JJ 5180 1100 30 than than IN 5180 1100 31 a a DT 5180 1100 32 spatial spatial JJ 5180 1100 33 or or CC 5180 1100 34 geographic geographic JJ 5180 1100 35 sense sense NN 5180 1100 36 , , , 5180 1100 37 but but CC 5180 1100 38 the the DT 5180 1100 39 same same JJ 5180 1100 40 principles principle NNS 5180 1100 41 are be VBP 5180 1100 42 applicable applicable JJ 5180 1100 43 " " '' 5180 1100 44 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1100 45 ; ; : 5180 1100 46 see see VB 5180 1100 47 also also RB 5180 1100 48 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1100 49 , , , 5180 1100 50 473 473 CD 5180 1100 51 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1100 52 at at IN 5180 1100 53 801 801 CD 5180 1100 54 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1100 55 identifying identify VBG 5180 1100 56 the the DT 5180 1100 57 Combined Combined NNP 5180 1100 58 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1100 59 Campaign Campaign NNP 5180 1100 60 charity charity NN 5180 1100 61 drive drive NN 5180 1100 62 as as IN 5180 1100 63 the the DT 5180 1100 64 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1100 65 unit unit NN 5180 1100 66 of of IN 5180 1100 67 analysis analysis NN 5180 1100 68 for for IN 5180 1100 69 application application NN 5180 1100 70 of of IN 5180 1100 71 public public JJ 5180 1100 72 forum forum NN 5180 1100 73 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1100 74 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1100 75 . . . 5180 1101 1 3 3 LS 5180 1101 2 . . . 5180 1102 1 Content content NN 5180 1102 2 - - HYPH 5180 1102 3 based base VBN 5180 1102 4 Restrictions Restrictions NNPS 5180 1102 5 in in IN 5180 1102 6 Designated Designated NNP 5180 1102 7 Public Public NNP 5180 1102 8 Fora Fora NNP 5180 1102 9 Unlike unlike IN 5180 1102 10 nonpublic nonpublic JJ 5180 1102 11 fora fora NN 5180 1102 12 such such JJ 5180 1102 13 as as IN 5180 1102 14 airport airport NN 5180 1102 15 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1102 16 , , , 5180 1102 17 see see VB 5180 1102 18 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1102 19 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1102 20 for for IN 5180 1102 21 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1102 22 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1102 23 , , , 5180 1102 24 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1102 25 v. v. IN 5180 1102 26 Lee Lee NNP 5180 1102 27 , , , 5180 1102 28 505 505 CD 5180 1102 29 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1102 30 672 672 CD 5180 1102 31 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1102 32 1992 1992 CD 5180 1102 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1102 34 , , , 5180 1102 35 military military JJ 5180 1102 36 bases basis NNS 5180 1102 37 , , , 5180 1102 38 see see VB 5180 1102 39 Greer Greer NNP 5180 1102 40 v. v. IN 5180 1102 41 Spock Spock NNP 5180 1102 42 , , , 5180 1102 43 424 424 CD 5180 1102 44 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1102 45 828 828 CD 5180 1102 46 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1102 47 1976 1976 CD 5180 1102 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1102 49 , , , 5180 1102 50 jail jail NN 5180 1102 51 grounds ground NNS 5180 1102 52 , , , 5180 1102 53 see see VB 5180 1102 54 Adderley Adderley NNP 5180 1102 55 v. v. IN 5180 1102 56 Florida Florida NNP 5180 1102 57 , , , 5180 1102 58 385 385 CD 5180 1102 59 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1102 60 39 39 CD 5180 1102 61 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1102 62 1966 1966 CD 5180 1102 63 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1102 64 , , , 5180 1102 65 the the DT 5180 1102 66 federal federal JJ 5180 1102 67 workplace workplace NN 5180 1102 68 , , , 5180 1102 69 see see VB 5180 1102 70 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1102 71 v. v. IN 5180 1102 72 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1102 73 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1102 74 Def Def NNP 5180 1102 75 . . . 5180 1103 1 & & CC 5180 1103 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1103 3 . . . 5180 1104 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1104 2 , , , 5180 1104 3 473 473 CD 5180 1104 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1104 5 788 788 CD 5180 1104 6 , , , 5180 1104 7 805 805 CD 5180 1104 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1104 9 1985 1985 CD 5180 1104 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1104 11 , , , 5180 1104 12 and and CC 5180 1104 13 public public JJ 5180 1104 14 transit transit NN 5180 1104 15 vehicles vehicle NNS 5180 1104 16 , , , 5180 1104 17 see see VB 5180 1104 18 Lehman Lehman NNP 5180 1104 19 v. v. IN 5180 1104 20 City City NNP 5180 1104 21 of of IN 5180 1104 22 Shaker Shaker NNP 5180 1104 23 Heights Heights NNPS 5180 1104 24 , , , 5180 1104 25 418 418 CD 5180 1104 26 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1104 27 298 298 CD 5180 1104 28 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1104 29 1974 1974 CD 5180 1104 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1104 31 , , , 5180 1104 32 the the DT 5180 1104 33 purpose purpose NN 5180 1104 34 of of IN 5180 1104 35 a a DT 5180 1104 36 public public JJ 5180 1104 37 library library NN 5180 1104 38 in in IN 5180 1104 39 general general JJ 5180 1104 40 , , , 5180 1104 41 and and CC 5180 1104 42 the the DT 5180 1104 43 provision provision NN 5180 1104 44 of of IN 5180 1104 45 Internet internet NN 5180 1104 46 access access NN 5180 1104 47 within within IN 5180 1104 48 a a DT 5180 1104 49 public public JJ 5180 1104 50 library library NN 5180 1104 51 in in IN 5180 1104 52 particular particular JJ 5180 1104 53 , , , 5180 1104 54 is be VBZ 5180 1104 55 " " `` 5180 1104 56 for for IN 5180 1104 57 use use NN 5180 1104 58 by by IN 5180 1104 59 the the DT 5180 1104 60 public public NN 5180 1104 61 . . . 5180 1105 1 . . . 5180 1106 1 . . . 5180 1107 1 for for IN 5180 1107 2 expressive expressive JJ 5180 1107 3 activity activity NN 5180 1107 4 , , , 5180 1107 5 " " '' 5180 1107 6 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1107 7 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1107 8 . . . 5180 1108 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1108 2 v. v. CC 5180 1108 3 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1108 4 Local Local NNP 5180 1108 5 Educs Educs NNP 5180 1108 6 . . . 5180 1109 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1109 2 , , , 5180 1109 3 460 460 CD 5180 1109 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1109 5 37 37 CD 5180 1109 6 , , , 5180 1109 7 45 45 CD 5180 1109 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1109 9 1983 1983 CD 5180 1109 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1109 11 , , , 5180 1109 12 namely namely RB 5180 1109 13 , , , 5180 1109 14 the the DT 5180 1109 15 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1109 16 and and CC 5180 1109 17 receipt receipt NN 5180 1109 18 by by IN 5180 1109 19 the the DT 5180 1109 20 public public NN 5180 1109 21 of of IN 5180 1109 22 a a DT 5180 1109 23 wide wide JJ 5180 1109 24 range range NN 5180 1109 25 of of IN 5180 1109 26 information information NN 5180 1109 27 . . . 5180 1110 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1110 2 are be VBP 5180 1110 3 satisfied satisfied JJ 5180 1110 4 that that IN 5180 1110 5 when when WRB 5180 1110 6 the the DT 5180 1110 7 government government NN 5180 1110 8 provides provide VBZ 5180 1110 9 Internet internet NN 5180 1110 10 access access NN 5180 1110 11 in in IN 5180 1110 12 a a DT 5180 1110 13 public public JJ 5180 1110 14 library library NN 5180 1110 15 , , , 5180 1110 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1110 17 has have VBZ 5180 1110 18 created create VBN 5180 1110 19 a a DT 5180 1110 20 designated designate VBN 5180 1110 21 public public JJ 5180 1110 22 forum forum NN 5180 1110 23 . . . 5180 1111 1 See see VB 5180 1111 2 Mainstream Mainstream NNP 5180 1111 3 Loudoun Loudoun NNP 5180 1111 4 v. v. IN 5180 1111 5 Bd Bd NNP 5180 1111 6 . . . 5180 1112 1 of of IN 5180 1112 2 Trustees Trustees NNPS 5180 1112 3 of of IN 5180 1112 4 the the DT 5180 1112 5 Loudoun Loudoun NNP 5180 1112 6 County County NNP 5180 1112 7 Library Library NNP 5180 1112 8 , , , 5180 1112 9 24 24 CD 5180 1112 10 F. F. NNP 5180 1112 11 Supp Supp NNP 5180 1112 12 . . . 5180 1113 1 2d 2d IN 5180 1113 2 552 552 CD 5180 1113 3 , , , 5180 1113 4 563 563 CD 5180 1113 5 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1113 6 E.D. E.D. NNP 5180 1114 1 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 1114 2 1998 1998 CD 5180 1114 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1114 4 ; ; : 5180 1114 5 cf cf NN 5180 1114 6 . . . 5180 1115 1 Kreimer Kreimer NNP 5180 1115 2 v. v. IN 5180 1115 3 Bureau Bureau NNP 5180 1115 4 of of IN 5180 1115 5 Police Police NNP 5180 1115 6 , , , 5180 1115 7 958 958 CD 5180 1115 8 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1115 9 1242 1242 CD 5180 1115 10 , , , 5180 1115 11 1259 1259 CD 5180 1115 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1115 13 3d 3d NNP 5180 1115 14 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1115 15 . . . 5180 1116 1 1992 1992 CD 5180 1116 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1116 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1116 4 holding hold VBG 5180 1116 5 that that IN 5180 1116 6 a a DT 5180 1116 7 public public JJ 5180 1116 8 library library NN 5180 1116 9 is be VBZ 5180 1116 10 a a DT 5180 1116 11 limited limited JJ 5180 1116 12 public public JJ 5180 1116 13 forum forum NN 5180 1116 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1116 15 . . . 5180 1117 1 Relying rely VBG 5180 1117 2 on on IN 5180 1117 3 those those DT 5180 1117 4 cases case NNS 5180 1117 5 that that WDT 5180 1117 6 have have VBP 5180 1117 7 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1117 8 that that IN 5180 1117 9 government government NN 5180 1117 10 has have VBZ 5180 1117 11 leeway leeway NN 5180 1117 12 , , , 5180 1117 13 under under IN 5180 1117 14 the the DT 5180 1117 15 First First NNP 5180 1117 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1117 17 , , , 5180 1117 18 to to TO 5180 1117 19 limit limit VB 5180 1117 20 use use NN 5180 1117 21 of of IN 5180 1117 22 a a DT 5180 1117 23 designated designate VBN 5180 1117 24 public public JJ 5180 1117 25 forum forum NN 5180 1117 26 to to IN 5180 1117 27 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1117 28 specified specified JJ 5180 1117 29 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1117 30 , , , 5180 1117 31 and and CC 5180 1117 32 that that IN 5180 1117 33 content content NN 5180 1117 34 - - HYPH 5180 1117 35 based base VBN 5180 1117 36 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1117 37 on on IN 5180 1117 38 speech speech NN 5180 1117 39 that that WDT 5180 1117 40 are be VBP 5180 1117 41 consistent consistent JJ 5180 1117 42 with with IN 5180 1117 43 those those DT 5180 1117 44 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1117 45 are be VBP 5180 1117 46 subject subject JJ 5180 1117 47 only only RB 5180 1117 48 to to IN 5180 1117 49 rational rational JJ 5180 1117 50 basis basis NN 5180 1117 51 review review NN 5180 1117 52 , , , 5180 1117 53 the the DT 5180 1117 54 government government NN 5180 1117 55 argues argue VBZ 5180 1117 56 for for IN 5180 1117 57 application application NN 5180 1117 58 of of IN 5180 1117 59 rational rational JJ 5180 1117 60 basis basis NN 5180 1117 61 review review NN 5180 1117 62 to to IN 5180 1117 63 public public JJ 5180 1117 64 libraries library NNS 5180 1117 65 ' ' POS 5180 1117 66 decisions decision NNS 5180 1117 67 about about IN 5180 1117 68 which which WDT 5180 1117 69 content content NN 5180 1117 70 to to TO 5180 1117 71 make make VB 5180 1117 72 available available JJ 5180 1117 73 to to IN 5180 1117 74 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1117 75 patrons patron NNS 5180 1117 76 via via IN 5180 1117 77 the the DT 5180 1117 78 Internet internet NN 5180 1117 79 . . . 5180 1118 1 See see VB 5180 1118 2 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1118 3 , , , 5180 1118 4 515 515 CD 5180 1118 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1118 6 819 819 CD 5180 1118 7 , , , 5180 1118 8 829 829 CD 5180 1118 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1118 10 1995 1995 CD 5180 1118 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1118 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1118 13 " " `` 5180 1118 14 The the DT 5180 1118 15 necessities necessity NNS 5180 1118 16 of of IN 5180 1118 17 confining confine VBG 5180 1118 18 a a DT 5180 1118 19 forum forum NN 5180 1118 20 to to IN 5180 1118 21 the the DT 5180 1118 22 limited limited JJ 5180 1118 23 and and CC 5180 1118 24 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1118 25 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1118 26 for for IN 5180 1118 27 which which WDT 5180 1118 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1118 29 was be VBD 5180 1118 30 created create VBN 5180 1118 31 may may MD 5180 1118 32 justify justify VB 5180 1118 33 the the DT 5180 1118 34 State State NNP 5180 1118 35 in in IN 5180 1118 36 reserving reserve VBG 5180 1118 37 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1118 38 for for IN 5180 1118 39 certain certain JJ 5180 1118 40 groups group NNS 5180 1118 41 or or CC 5180 1118 42 for for IN 5180 1118 43 the the DT 5180 1118 44 discussion discussion NN 5180 1118 45 of of IN 5180 1118 46 certain certain JJ 5180 1118 47 topics topic NNS 5180 1118 48 . . . 5180 1119 1 ") ") `` 5180 1119 2 ; ; : 5180 1119 3 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1119 4 , , , 5180 1119 5 460 460 CD 5180 1119 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1119 7 at at IN 5180 1119 8 46 46 CD 5180 1119 9 n.7 n.7 NNS 5180 1119 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1119 11 1983 1983 CD 5180 1119 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1119 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1119 14 " " `` 5180 1119 15 A a DT 5180 1119 16 public public JJ 5180 1119 17 forum forum NN 5180 1119 18 may may MD 5180 1119 19 be be VB 5180 1119 20 created create VBN 5180 1119 21 for for IN 5180 1119 22 a a DT 5180 1119 23 limited limited JJ 5180 1119 24 purpose purpose NN 5180 1119 25 such such JJ 5180 1119 26 as as IN 5180 1119 27 use use NN 5180 1119 28 by by IN 5180 1119 29 certain certain JJ 5180 1119 30 groups group NNS 5180 1119 31 . . . 5180 1120 1 . . . 5180 1121 1 . . . 5180 1122 1 or or CC 5180 1122 2 for for IN 5180 1122 3 the the DT 5180 1122 4 discussion discussion NN 5180 1122 5 of of IN 5180 1122 6 certain certain JJ 5180 1122 7 subjects subject NNS 5180 1122 8 . . . 5180 1122 9 " " '' 5180 1122 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1122 11 . . . 5180 1123 1 In in IN 5180 1123 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1123 3 , , , 5180 1123 4 the the DT 5180 1123 5 government government NN 5180 1123 6 forcefully forcefully RB 5180 1123 7 argues argue VBZ 5180 1123 8 that that IN 5180 1123 9 a a DT 5180 1123 10 public public JJ 5180 1123 11 library library NN 5180 1123 12 's 's POS 5180 1123 13 decision decision NN 5180 1123 14 to to TO 5180 1123 15 limit limit VB 5180 1123 16 the the DT 5180 1123 17 content content NN 5180 1123 18 of of IN 5180 1123 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1123 20 digital digital JJ 5180 1123 21 offerings offering NNS 5180 1123 22 on on IN 5180 1123 23 the the DT 5180 1123 24 Internet internet NN 5180 1123 25 should should MD 5180 1123 26 be be VB 5180 1123 27 subject subject JJ 5180 1123 28 to to IN 5180 1123 29 no no DT 5180 1123 30 stricter strict JJR 5180 1123 31 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1123 32 than than IN 5180 1123 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1123 34 decisions decision NNS 5180 1123 35 about about IN 5180 1123 36 what what WDT 5180 1123 37 content content NN 5180 1123 38 to to TO 5180 1123 39 make make VB 5180 1123 40 available available JJ 5180 1123 41 to to IN 5180 1123 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1123 43 patrons patron NNS 5180 1123 44 through through IN 5180 1123 45 the the DT 5180 1123 46 library library NN 5180 1123 47 's 's POS 5180 1123 48 print print NN 5180 1123 49 collection collection NN 5180 1123 50 . . . 5180 1124 1 According accord VBG 5180 1124 2 to to IN 5180 1124 3 the the DT 5180 1124 4 government government NN 5180 1124 5 , , , 5180 1124 6 just just RB 5180 1124 7 as as IN 5180 1124 8 a a DT 5180 1124 9 public public JJ 5180 1124 10 library library NN 5180 1124 11 may may MD 5180 1124 12 choose choose VB 5180 1124 13 to to TO 5180 1124 14 acquire acquire VB 5180 1124 15 books book NNS 5180 1124 16 about about IN 5180 1124 17 gardening garden VBG 5180 1124 18 but but CC 5180 1124 19 not not RB 5180 1124 20 golf golf NN 5180 1124 21 , , , 5180 1124 22 without without IN 5180 1124 23 having have VBG 5180 1124 24 to to TO 5180 1124 25 show show VB 5180 1124 26 that that IN 5180 1124 27 this this DT 5180 1124 28 content content NN 5180 1124 29 - - HYPH 5180 1124 30 based base VBN 5180 1124 31 restriction restriction NN 5180 1124 32 on on IN 5180 1124 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 1124 34 ' ' POS 5180 1124 35 access access NN 5180 1124 36 to to IN 5180 1124 37 speech speech NN 5180 1124 38 is be VBZ 5180 1124 39 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1124 40 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1124 41 to to TO 5180 1124 42 further further RB 5180 1124 43 a a DT 5180 1124 44 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1124 45 state state NN 5180 1124 46 interest interest NN 5180 1124 47 , , , 5180 1124 48 so so RB 5180 1124 49 may may MD 5180 1124 50 a a DT 5180 1124 51 public public JJ 5180 1124 52 library library NN 5180 1124 53 make make VBP 5180 1124 54 content content NN 5180 1124 55 - - HYPH 5180 1124 56 based base VBN 5180 1124 57 decisions decision NNS 5180 1124 58 about about IN 5180 1124 59 which which WDT 5180 1124 60 speech speech NN 5180 1124 61 to to TO 5180 1124 62 make make VB 5180 1124 63 available available JJ 5180 1124 64 on on IN 5180 1124 65 the the DT 5180 1124 66 Internet internet NN 5180 1124 67 , , , 5180 1124 68 without without IN 5180 1124 69 having have VBG 5180 1124 70 to to TO 5180 1124 71 show show VB 5180 1124 72 that that IN 5180 1124 73 such such PDT 5180 1124 74 a a DT 5180 1124 75 restriction restriction NN 5180 1124 76 satisfies satisfie NNS 5180 1124 77 strict strict JJ 5180 1124 78 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1124 79 . . . 5180 1125 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1125 2 respond respond VBP 5180 1125 3 that that IN 5180 1125 4 the the DT 5180 1125 5 government government NN 5180 1125 6 's 's POS 5180 1125 7 ability ability NN 5180 1125 8 to to TO 5180 1125 9 restrict restrict VB 5180 1125 10 the the DT 5180 1125 11 content content NN 5180 1125 12 of of IN 5180 1125 13 speech speech NN 5180 1125 14 in in IN 5180 1125 15 a a DT 5180 1125 16 designated designate VBN 5180 1125 17 public public JJ 5180 1125 18 forum forum NN 5180 1125 19 by by IN 5180 1125 20 restricting restrict VBG 5180 1125 21 the the DT 5180 1125 22 purpose purpose NN 5180 1125 23 of of IN 5180 1125 24 the the DT 5180 1125 25 designated designate VBN 5180 1125 26 public public JJ 5180 1125 27 forum forum NN 5180 1125 28 that that IN 5180 1125 29 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1125 30 creates create VBZ 5180 1125 31 is be VBZ 5180 1125 32 not not RB 5180 1125 33 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1125 34 . . . 5180 1126 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1126 2 . . . 5180 1127 1 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1127 2 Servs Servs NNP 5180 1127 3 . . . 5180 1128 1 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 1128 2 v. v. IN 5180 1128 3 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1128 4 , , , 5180 1128 5 531 531 CD 5180 1128 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1128 7 533 533 CD 5180 1128 8 , , , 5180 1128 9 547 547 CD 5180 1128 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1128 11 2001 2001 CD 5180 1128 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1128 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1128 14 " " `` 5180 1128 15 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1128 16 can can MD 5180 1128 17 not not RB 5180 1128 18 recast recast VB 5180 1128 19 a a DT 5180 1128 20 condition condition NN 5180 1128 21 on on IN 5180 1128 22 funding funding NN 5180 1128 23 as as IN 5180 1128 24 a a DT 5180 1128 25 mere mere JJ 5180 1128 26 definition definition NN 5180 1128 27 of of IN 5180 1128 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1128 29 program program NN 5180 1128 30 in in IN 5180 1128 31 every every DT 5180 1128 32 case case NN 5180 1128 33 , , , 5180 1128 34 lest lest IN 5180 1128 35 the the DT 5180 1128 36 First First NNP 5180 1128 37 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1128 38 be be VB 5180 1128 39 reduced reduce VBN 5180 1128 40 to to IN 5180 1128 41 a a DT 5180 1128 42 simple simple JJ 5180 1128 43 semantic semantic JJ 5180 1128 44 exercise exercise NN 5180 1128 45 . . . 5180 1128 46 " " '' 5180 1128 47 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1128 48 . . . 5180 1129 1 As as IN 5180 1129 2 Justice Justice NNP 5180 1129 3 Kennedy Kennedy NNP 5180 1129 4 has have VBZ 5180 1129 5 explained explain VBN 5180 1129 6 : : : 5180 1129 7 If if IN 5180 1129 8 Government Government NNP 5180 1129 9 has have VBZ 5180 1129 10 a a DT 5180 1129 11 freer free JJR 5180 1129 12 hand hand NN 5180 1129 13 to to TO 5180 1129 14 draw draw VB 5180 1129 15 content content NN 5180 1129 16 - - HYPH 5180 1129 17 based base VBN 5180 1129 18 distinctions distinction NNS 5180 1129 19 in in IN 5180 1129 20 limiting limit VBG 5180 1129 21 a a DT 5180 1129 22 forum forum NN 5180 1129 23 than than IN 5180 1129 24 in in IN 5180 1129 25 excluding exclude VBG 5180 1129 26 someone someone NN 5180 1129 27 from from IN 5180 1129 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1129 29 , , , 5180 1129 30 the the DT 5180 1129 31 First First NNP 5180 1129 32 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1129 33 would would MD 5180 1129 34 be be VB 5180 1129 35 a a DT 5180 1129 36 dead dead JJ 5180 1129 37 letter letter NN 5180 1129 38 in in IN 5180 1129 39 designated designate VBN 5180 1129 40 public public JJ 5180 1129 41 forums forum NNS 5180 1129 42 ; ; : 5180 1129 43 every every DT 5180 1129 44 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1129 45 could could MD 5180 1129 46 be be VB 5180 1129 47 recast recast VBN 5180 1129 48 as as IN 5180 1129 49 a a DT 5180 1129 50 limitation limitation NN 5180 1129 51 . . . 5180 1130 1 . . . 5180 1131 1 . . . 5180 1132 1 . . . 5180 1133 1 The the DT 5180 1133 2 power power NN 5180 1133 3 to to TO 5180 1133 4 limit limit VB 5180 1133 5 or or CC 5180 1133 6 redefine redefine VB 5180 1133 7 forums forum NNS 5180 1133 8 for for IN 5180 1133 9 a a DT 5180 1133 10 specific specific JJ 5180 1133 11 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1133 12 purpose purpose NN 5180 1133 13 does do VBZ 5180 1133 14 not not RB 5180 1133 15 allow allow VB 5180 1133 16 the the DT 5180 1133 17 government government NN 5180 1133 18 to to TO 5180 1133 19 exclude exclude VB 5180 1133 20 certain certain JJ 5180 1133 21 speech speech NN 5180 1133 22 or or CC 5180 1133 23 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1133 24 from from IN 5180 1133 25 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1133 26 for for IN 5180 1133 27 any any DT 5180 1133 28 reason reason NN 5180 1133 29 at at RB 5180 1133 30 all all RB 5180 1133 31 . . . 5180 1134 1 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1134 2 Area Area NNP 5180 1134 3 Telecomm Telecomm NNP 5180 1134 4 . . . 5180 1135 1 Consortium Consortium NNP 5180 1135 2 , , , 5180 1135 3 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1135 4 v. v. IN 5180 1135 5 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1135 6 , , , 5180 1135 7 518 518 CD 5180 1135 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1135 9 727 727 CD 5180 1135 10 , , , 5180 1135 11 801 801 CD 5180 1135 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1135 13 1996 1996 CD 5180 1135 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1135 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1135 16 Kennedy Kennedy NNP 5180 1135 17 , , , 5180 1135 18 J. J. NNP 5180 1135 19 , , , 5180 1135 20 concurring concur VBG 5180 1135 21 in in IN 5180 1135 22 the the DT 5180 1135 23 judgment judgment NN 5180 1135 24 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1135 25 . . . 5180 1136 1 Although although IN 5180 1136 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1136 3 agree agree VBP 5180 1136 4 with with IN 5180 1136 5 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1136 6 that that WDT 5180 1136 7 the the DT 5180 1136 8 First First NNP 5180 1136 9 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1136 10 imposes impose VBZ 5180 1136 11 some some DT 5180 1136 12 limits limit NNS 5180 1136 13 on on IN 5180 1136 14 the the DT 5180 1136 15 state state NN 5180 1136 16 's 's POS 5180 1136 17 ability ability NN 5180 1136 18 to to TO 5180 1136 19 adopt adopt VB 5180 1136 20 content content NN 5180 1136 21 - - HYPH 5180 1136 22 based base VBN 5180 1136 23 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1136 24 in in IN 5180 1136 25 defining define VBG 5180 1136 26 the the DT 5180 1136 27 purpose purpose NN 5180 1136 28 of of IN 5180 1136 29 a a DT 5180 1136 30 public public JJ 5180 1136 31 forum forum NN 5180 1136 32 , , , 5180 1136 33 precisely precisely RB 5180 1136 34 what what WP 5180 1136 35 those those DT 5180 1136 36 limits limit NNS 5180 1136 37 are be VBP 5180 1136 38 is be VBZ 5180 1136 39 unclear unclear JJ 5180 1136 40 , , , 5180 1136 41 and and CC 5180 1136 42 presents present VBZ 5180 1136 43 a a DT 5180 1136 44 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1136 45 problem problem NN 5180 1136 46 in in IN 5180 1136 47 First First NNP 5180 1136 48 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1136 49 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 1136 50 . . . 5180 1137 1 The the DT 5180 1137 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1137 3 Court Court NNP 5180 1137 4 's 's POS 5180 1137 5 " " `` 5180 1137 6 cases case NNS 5180 1137 7 have have VBP 5180 1137 8 not not RB 5180 1137 9 yet yet RB 5180 1137 10 determined determine VBN 5180 1137 11 . . . 5180 1138 1 . . . 5180 1139 1 . . . 5180 1140 1 that that DT 5180 1140 2 government government NN 5180 1140 3 's 's POS 5180 1140 4 decision decision NN 5180 1140 5 to to TO 5180 1140 6 dedicate dedicate VB 5180 1140 7 a a DT 5180 1140 8 public public JJ 5180 1140 9 forum forum NN 5180 1140 10 to to IN 5180 1140 11 one one CD 5180 1140 12 type type NN 5180 1140 13 of of IN 5180 1140 14 content content NN 5180 1140 15 or or CC 5180 1140 16 another another DT 5180 1140 17 is be VBZ 5180 1140 18 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1140 19 subject subject JJ 5180 1140 20 to to IN 5180 1140 21 the the DT 5180 1140 22 highest high JJS 5180 1140 23 level level NN 5180 1140 24 of of IN 5180 1140 25 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1140 26 . . . 5180 1141 1 Must Must MD 5180 1141 2 a a DT 5180 1141 3 local local JJ 5180 1141 4 government government NN 5180 1141 5 , , , 5180 1141 6 for for IN 5180 1141 7 example example NN 5180 1141 8 , , , 5180 1141 9 show show VBP 5180 1141 10 a a DT 5180 1141 11 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1141 12 state state NN 5180 1141 13 interest interest NN 5180 1141 14 if if IN 5180 1141 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1141 16 builds build VBZ 5180 1141 17 a a DT 5180 1141 18 band band NN 5180 1141 19 shell shell NN 5180 1141 20 in in IN 5180 1141 21 the the DT 5180 1141 22 park park NN 5180 1141 23 and and CC 5180 1141 24 dedicates dedicate VBZ 5180 1141 25 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1141 26 solely solely RB 5180 1141 27 to to IN 5180 1141 28 classical classical JJ 5180 1141 29 music music NN 5180 1141 30 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1141 31 but but CC 5180 1141 32 not not RB 5180 1141 33 to to TO 5180 1141 34 jazz jazz NN 5180 1141 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1141 36 ? ? . 5180 1142 1 The the DT 5180 1142 2 answer answer NN 5180 1142 3 is be VBZ 5180 1142 4 not not RB 5180 1142 5 obvious obvious JJ 5180 1142 6 . . . 5180 1142 7 " " '' 5180 1143 1 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1143 2 , , , 5180 1143 3 518 518 CD 5180 1143 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1143 5 at at IN 5180 1143 6 750 750 CD 5180 1143 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1143 8 plurality plurality NN 5180 1143 9 opinion opinion NN 5180 1143 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1143 11 ; ; : 5180 1143 12 see see VB 5180 1143 13 also also RB 5180 1143 14 Southeastern Southeastern NNP 5180 1143 15 Promotions Promotions NNP 5180 1143 16 , , , 5180 1143 17 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 5180 1143 18 v. v. IN 5180 1143 19 Conrad Conrad NNP 5180 1143 20 , , , 5180 1143 21 420 420 CD 5180 1143 22 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1143 23 546 546 CD 5180 1143 24 , , , 5180 1143 25 572 572 CD 5180 1143 26 - - SYM 5180 1143 27 73 73 CD 5180 1143 28 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1143 29 1975 1975 CD 5180 1143 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1143 31 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1143 32 Rehnquist Rehnquist NNP 5180 1143 33 , , , 5180 1143 34 J. J. NNP 5180 1143 35 , , , 5180 1143 36 dissenting dissent VBG 5180 1143 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1143 38 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1143 39 " " `` 5180 1143 40 May May MD 5180 1143 41 an an DT 5180 1143 42 opera opera NN 5180 1143 43 house house NN 5180 1143 44 limit limit VB 5180 1143 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1143 46 productions production NNS 5180 1143 47 to to IN 5180 1143 48 operas opera NNS 5180 1143 49 , , , 5180 1143 50 or or CC 5180 1143 51 must must MD 5180 1143 52 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1143 53 also also RB 5180 1143 54 show show VB 5180 1143 55 rock rock NN 5180 1143 56 musicals musical NNS 5180 1143 57 ? ? . 5180 1144 1 May May MD 5180 1144 2 a a DT 5180 1144 3 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1144 4 theater theater NN 5180 1144 5 devote devote NN 5180 1144 6 an an DT 5180 1144 7 entire entire JJ 5180 1144 8 season season NN 5180 1144 9 to to IN 5180 1144 10 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 5180 1144 11 , , , 5180 1144 12 or or CC 5180 1144 13 is be VBZ 5180 1144 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1144 15 required require VBN 5180 1144 16 to to TO 5180 1144 17 book book VB 5180 1144 18 any any DT 5180 1144 19 potential potential JJ 5180 1144 20 producer producer NN 5180 1144 21 on on IN 5180 1144 22 a a DT 5180 1144 23 first first JJ 5180 1144 24 come come NN 5180 1144 25 , , , 5180 1144 26 first first RB 5180 1144 27 served serve VBN 5180 1144 28 basis basis NN 5180 1144 29 ? ? . 5180 1144 30 " " '' 5180 1144 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1144 32 . . . 5180 1145 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1145 2 believe believe VBP 5180 1145 3 , , , 5180 1145 4 however however RB 5180 1145 5 , , , 5180 1145 6 that that IN 5180 1145 7 certain certain JJ 5180 1145 8 principles principle NNS 5180 1145 9 emerge emerge VBP 5180 1145 10 from from IN 5180 1145 11 the the DT 5180 1145 12 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1145 13 Court Court NNP 5180 1145 14 's 's POS 5180 1145 15 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 1145 16 on on IN 5180 1145 17 this this DT 5180 1145 18 question question NN 5180 1145 19 . . . 5180 1146 1 In in IN 5180 1146 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1146 3 , , , 5180 1146 4 and and CC 5180 1146 5 perhaps perhaps RB 5180 1146 6 somewhat somewhat RB 5180 1146 7 counterintuitively counterintuitively RB 5180 1146 8 , , , 5180 1146 9 the the DT 5180 1146 10 more more RBR 5180 1146 11 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1146 12 the the DT 5180 1146 13 range range NN 5180 1146 14 of of IN 5180 1146 15 speech speech NN 5180 1146 16 that that WDT 5180 1146 17 the the DT 5180 1146 18 government government NN 5180 1146 19 chooses choose VBZ 5180 1146 20 to to TO 5180 1146 21 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1146 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1146 23 whether whether IN 5180 1146 24 directly directly RB 5180 1146 25 , , , 5180 1146 26 through through IN 5180 1146 27 government government NN 5180 1146 28 grants grant NNS 5180 1146 29 or or CC 5180 1146 30 other other JJ 5180 1146 31 funding funding NN 5180 1146 32 , , , 5180 1146 33 or or CC 5180 1146 34 indirectly indirectly RB 5180 1146 35 , , , 5180 1146 36 through through IN 5180 1146 37 the the DT 5180 1146 38 creation creation NN 5180 1146 39 of of IN 5180 1146 40 a a DT 5180 1146 41 public public JJ 5180 1146 42 forum forum NN 5180 1146 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1146 44 the the DT 5180 1146 45 more more JJR 5180 1146 46 deference deference NN 5180 1146 47 the the DT 5180 1146 48 First First NNP 5180 1146 49 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1146 50 accords accord VBZ 5180 1146 51 the the DT 5180 1146 52 government government NN 5180 1146 53 in in IN 5180 1146 54 drawing draw VBG 5180 1146 55 content content NN 5180 1146 56 - - HYPH 5180 1146 57 based base VBN 5180 1146 58 distinctions distinction NNS 5180 1146 59 . . . 5180 1147 1 At at IN 5180 1147 2 one one CD 5180 1147 3 extreme extreme NN 5180 1147 4 lies lie VBZ 5180 1147 5 the the DT 5180 1147 6 government government NN 5180 1147 7 's 's POS 5180 1147 8 decision decision NN 5180 1147 9 to to TO 5180 1147 10 fund fund VB 5180 1147 11 a a DT 5180 1147 12 particular particular JJ 5180 1147 13 message message NN 5180 1147 14 that that IN 5180 1147 15 the the DT 5180 1147 16 government government NN 5180 1147 17 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1147 18 to to TO 5180 1147 19 disseminate disseminate VB 5180 1147 20 . . . 5180 1148 1 In in IN 5180 1148 2 this this DT 5180 1148 3 context context NN 5180 1148 4 , , , 5180 1148 5 content content NN 5180 1148 6 - - HYPH 5180 1148 7 based base VBN 5180 1148 8 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1148 9 on on IN 5180 1148 10 the the DT 5180 1148 11 speech speech NN 5180 1148 12 that that WDT 5180 1148 13 government government NN 5180 1148 14 chooses choose VBZ 5180 1148 15 to to TO 5180 1148 16 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1148 17 are be VBP 5180 1148 18 clearly clearly RB 5180 1148 19 subject subject JJ 5180 1148 20 to to IN 5180 1148 21 at at IN 5180 1148 22 most most JJS 5180 1148 23 rational rational JJ 5180 1148 24 basis basis NN 5180 1148 25 review review NN 5180 1148 26 , , , 5180 1148 27 and and CC 5180 1148 28 even even RB 5180 1148 29 viewpoint viewpoint VB 5180 1148 30 discrimination discrimination NN 5180 1148 31 is be VBZ 5180 1148 32 permissible permissible JJ 5180 1148 33 . . . 5180 1149 1 For for IN 5180 1149 2 example example NN 5180 1149 3 , , , 5180 1149 4 " " '' 5180 1149 5 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1149 6 w]hen w]hen WRB 5180 1149 7 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1149 8 established establish VBD 5180 1149 9 a a DT 5180 1149 10 National National NNP 5180 1149 11 Endowment Endowment NNP 5180 1149 12 for for IN 5180 1149 13 Democracy Democracy NNP 5180 1149 14 to to TO 5180 1149 15 encourage encourage VB 5180 1149 16 other other JJ 5180 1149 17 countries country NNS 5180 1149 18 to to TO 5180 1149 19 adopt adopt VB 5180 1149 20 democratic democratic JJ 5180 1149 21 principles principle NNS 5180 1149 22 , , , 5180 1149 23 22 22 CD 5180 1149 24 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1150 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1150 2 . . . 5180 1151 1 4411(b 4411(b LS 5180 1151 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1151 3 , , , 5180 1151 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1151 5 was be VBD 5180 1151 6 not not RB 5180 1151 7 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1151 8 required require VBN 5180 1151 9 to to TO 5180 1151 10 fund fund VB 5180 1151 11 a a DT 5180 1151 12 program program NN 5180 1151 13 to to TO 5180 1151 14 encourage encourage VB 5180 1151 15 competing compete VBG 5180 1151 16 lines line NNS 5180 1151 17 of of IN 5180 1151 18 political political JJ 5180 1151 19 philosophy philosophy NN 5180 1151 20 such such JJ 5180 1151 21 as as IN 5180 1151 22 communism communism NN 5180 1151 23 and and CC 5180 1151 24 fascism fascism NN 5180 1151 25 . . . 5180 1151 26 " " '' 5180 1152 1 Rust rust VB 5180 1152 2 v. v. IN 5180 1152 3 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 5180 1152 4 , , , 5180 1152 5 500 500 CD 5180 1152 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1152 7 173 173 CD 5180 1152 8 , , , 5180 1152 9 194 194 CD 5180 1152 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1152 11 1991 1991 CD 5180 1152 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1152 13 ; ; : 5180 1152 14 see see VB 5180 1152 15 also also RB 5180 1152 16 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1152 17 , , , 5180 1152 18 531 531 CD 5180 1152 19 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1152 20 at at IN 5180 1152 21 541 541 CD 5180 1152 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1152 23 " " `` 5180 1152 24 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1152 25 V]iewpoint V]iewpoint NNP 5180 1152 26 - - HYPH 5180 1152 27 based base VBN 5180 1152 28 funding funding NN 5180 1152 29 decisions decision NNS 5180 1152 30 can can MD 5180 1152 31 be be VB 5180 1152 32 sustained sustain VBN 5180 1152 33 in in IN 5180 1152 34 instances instance NNS 5180 1152 35 in in IN 5180 1152 36 which which WDT 5180 1152 37 the the DT 5180 1152 38 government government NN 5180 1152 39 is be VBZ 5180 1152 40 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1152 41 the the DT 5180 1152 42 speaker speaker NN 5180 1152 43 , , , 5180 1152 44 or or CC 5180 1152 45 in in IN 5180 1152 46 instances instance NNS 5180 1152 47 , , , 5180 1152 48 like like IN 5180 1152 49 Rust Rust NNP 5180 1152 50 , , , 5180 1152 51 in in IN 5180 1152 52 which which WDT 5180 1152 53 the the DT 5180 1152 54 government government NN 5180 1152 55 used use VBD 5180 1152 56 private private JJ 5180 1152 57 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1152 58 to to TO 5180 1152 59 transmit transmit VB 5180 1152 60 information information NN 5180 1152 61 pertaining pertain VBG 5180 1152 62 to to IN 5180 1152 63 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1152 64 own own JJ 5180 1152 65 program program NN 5180 1152 66 . . . 5180 1152 67 " " '' 5180 1152 68 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1153 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1153 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1153 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1153 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1153 5 and and CC 5180 1153 6 citation citation NN 5180 1153 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1153 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1153 9 . . . 5180 1154 1 Although although IN 5180 1154 2 not not RB 5180 1154 3 strictly strictly RB 5180 1154 4 controlling control VBG 5180 1154 5 , , , 5180 1154 6 the the DT 5180 1154 7 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1154 8 Court Court NNP 5180 1154 9 's 's POS 5180 1154 10 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1154 11 conditions condition NNS 5180 1154 12 cases case NNS 5180 1154 13 , , , 5180 1154 14 such such JJ 5180 1154 15 as as IN 5180 1154 16 Rust Rust NNP 5180 1154 17 and and CC 5180 1154 18 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1154 19 , , , 5180 1154 20 are be VBP 5180 1154 21 instructive instructive JJ 5180 1154 22 for for IN 5180 1154 23 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1154 24 of of IN 5180 1154 25 analyzing analyze VBG 5180 1154 26 content content NN 5180 1154 27 - - HYPH 5180 1154 28 based base VBN 5180 1154 29 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1154 30 on on IN 5180 1154 31 the the DT 5180 1154 32 use use NN 5180 1154 33 of of IN 5180 1154 34 public public JJ 5180 1154 35 fora fora NN 5180 1154 36 . . . 5180 1155 1 This this DT 5180 1155 2 is be VBZ 5180 1155 3 because because IN 5180 1155 4 the the DT 5180 1155 5 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1155 6 that that WDT 5180 1155 7 government government NN 5180 1155 8 places place NNS 5180 1155 9 on on IN 5180 1155 10 the the DT 5180 1155 11 use use NN 5180 1155 12 of of IN 5180 1155 13 a a DT 5180 1155 14 public public JJ 5180 1155 15 forum forum NN 5180 1155 16 can can MD 5180 1155 17 be be VB 5180 1155 18 conceptualized conceptualize VBN 5180 1155 19 as as IN 5180 1155 20 conditions condition NNS 5180 1155 21 that that IN 5180 1155 22 the the DT 5180 1155 23 government government NN 5180 1155 24 attaches attach VBZ 5180 1155 25 to to IN 5180 1155 26 the the DT 5180 1155 27 receipt receipt NN 5180 1155 28 of of IN 5180 1155 29 a a DT 5180 1155 30 benefit benefit NN 5180 1155 31 that that WDT 5180 1155 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1155 33 offers offer VBZ 5180 1155 34 , , , 5180 1155 35 namely namely RB 5180 1155 36 , , , 5180 1155 37 the the DT 5180 1155 38 use use NN 5180 1155 39 of of IN 5180 1155 40 government government NN 5180 1155 41 property property NN 5180 1155 42 . . . 5180 1156 1 Public public JJ 5180 1156 2 forum forum NN 5180 1156 3 cases case NNS 5180 1156 4 thus thus RB 5180 1156 5 resemble resemble VBP 5180 1156 6 those those DT 5180 1156 7 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1156 8 conditions condition NNS 5180 1156 9 cases case NNS 5180 1156 10 involving involve VBG 5180 1156 11 First First NNP 5180 1156 12 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1156 13 challenges challenge VBZ 5180 1156 14 to to IN 5180 1156 15 the the DT 5180 1156 16 conditions condition NNS 5180 1156 17 that that WDT 5180 1156 18 the the DT 5180 1156 19 state state NN 5180 1156 20 places place NNS 5180 1156 21 on on IN 5180 1156 22 the the DT 5180 1156 23 receipt receipt NN 5180 1156 24 of of IN 5180 1156 25 a a DT 5180 1156 26 government government NN 5180 1156 27 benefit benefit NN 5180 1156 28 . . . 5180 1157 1 See see VB 5180 1157 2 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1157 3 , , , 5180 1157 4 531 531 CD 5180 1157 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1157 6 at at IN 5180 1157 7 544 544 CD 5180 1157 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1157 9 " " `` 5180 1157 10 As as IN 5180 1157 11 this this DT 5180 1157 12 suit suit NN 5180 1157 13 involves involve VBZ 5180 1157 14 a a DT 5180 1157 15 subsidy subsidy NN 5180 1157 16 , , , 5180 1157 17 limited limited JJ 5180 1157 18 forum forum NN 5180 1157 19 cases case NNS 5180 1157 20 . . . 5180 1158 1 . . . 5180 1159 1 . . . 5180 1160 1 may may MD 5180 1160 2 not not RB 5180 1160 3 be be VB 5180 1160 4 controlling control VBG 5180 1160 5 in in IN 5180 1160 6 the the DT 5180 1160 7 strict strict JJ 5180 1160 8 sense sense NN 5180 1160 9 , , , 5180 1160 10 yet yet CC 5180 1160 11 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1160 12 do do VBP 5180 1160 13 provide provide VB 5180 1160 14 some some DT 5180 1160 15 instruction instruction NN 5180 1160 16 . . . 5180 1160 17 " " '' 5180 1160 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1160 19 . . . 5180 1161 1 Even even RB 5180 1161 2 when when WRB 5180 1161 3 the the DT 5180 1161 4 government government NN 5180 1161 5 does do VBZ 5180 1161 6 not not RB 5180 1161 7 fund fund VB 5180 1161 8 the the DT 5180 1161 9 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1161 10 of of IN 5180 1161 11 a a DT 5180 1161 12 particular particular JJ 5180 1161 13 government government NN 5180 1161 14 message message NN 5180 1161 15 , , , 5180 1161 16 the the DT 5180 1161 17 First First NNP 5180 1161 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1161 19 generally generally RB 5180 1161 20 permits permit VBZ 5180 1161 21 government government NN 5180 1161 22 , , , 5180 1161 23 subject subject JJ 5180 1161 24 to to IN 5180 1161 25 the the DT 5180 1161 26 constraints constraint NNS 5180 1161 27 of of IN 5180 1161 28 viewpoint viewpoint NN 5180 1161 29 neutrality neutrality NN 5180 1161 30 , , , 5180 1161 31 to to TO 5180 1161 32 create create VB 5180 1161 33 public public JJ 5180 1161 34 institutions institution NNS 5180 1161 35 such such JJ 5180 1161 36 as as IN 5180 1161 37 art art NN 5180 1161 38 museums museum NNS 5180 1161 39 and and CC 5180 1161 40 state state NN 5180 1161 41 universities university NNS 5180 1161 42 , , , 5180 1161 43 dedicated dedicated JJ 5180 1161 44 to to IN 5180 1161 45 facilitating facilitate VBG 5180 1161 46 the the DT 5180 1161 47 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1161 48 of of IN 5180 1161 49 private private JJ 5180 1161 50 speech speech NN 5180 1161 51 that that WDT 5180 1161 52 the the DT 5180 1161 53 government government NN 5180 1161 54 believes believe VBZ 5180 1161 55 to to TO 5180 1161 56 have have VB 5180 1161 57 particular particular JJ 5180 1161 58 merit merit NN 5180 1161 59 . . . 5180 1162 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1162 2 , , , 5180 1162 3 in in IN 5180 1162 4 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1162 5 v. v. IN 5180 1162 6 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1162 7 , , , 5180 1162 8 524 524 CD 5180 1162 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1162 10 569 569 CD 5180 1162 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1162 12 1998 1998 CD 5180 1162 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1162 14 , , , 5180 1162 15 the the DT 5180 1162 16 Court Court NNP 5180 1162 17 upheld uphold VBD 5180 1162 18 the the DT 5180 1162 19 use use NN 5180 1162 20 of of IN 5180 1162 21 content content NN 5180 1162 22 - - HYPH 5180 1162 23 based base VBN 5180 1162 24 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1162 25 in in IN 5180 1162 26 a a DT 5180 1162 27 federal federal JJ 5180 1162 28 program program NN 5180 1162 29 awarding award VBG 5180 1162 30 grants grant NNS 5180 1162 31 to to IN 5180 1162 32 artists artist NNS 5180 1162 33 on on IN 5180 1162 34 the the DT 5180 1162 35 basis basis NN 5180 1162 36 of of IN 5180 1162 37 , , , 5180 1162 38 inter inter NNP 5180 1162 39 alia alia NNP 5180 1162 40 , , , 5180 1162 41 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1162 42 excellence excellence NN 5180 1162 43 . . . 5180 1163 1 " " `` 5180 1163 2 The the DT 5180 1163 3 very very JJ 5180 1163 4 assumption assumption NN 5180 1163 5 of of IN 5180 1163 6 the the DT 5180 1163 7 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1163 8 is be VBZ 5180 1163 9 that that IN 5180 1163 10 grants grant NNS 5180 1163 11 will will MD 5180 1163 12 be be VB 5180 1163 13 awarded award VBN 5180 1163 14 according accord VBG 5180 1163 15 to to IN 5180 1163 16 the the DT 5180 1163 17 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1163 18 worth worth NN 5180 1163 19 of of IN 5180 1163 20 competing compete VBG 5180 1163 21 applications application NNS 5180 1163 22 , , , 5180 1163 23 and and CC 5180 1163 24 absolute absolute JJ 5180 1163 25 neutrality neutrality NN 5180 1163 26 is be VBZ 5180 1163 27 simply simply RB 5180 1163 28 inconceivable inconceivable JJ 5180 1163 29 . . . 5180 1163 30 " " '' 5180 1164 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1165 1 at at IN 5180 1165 2 585 585 CD 5180 1165 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1165 4 internal internal JJ 5180 1165 5 quotation quotation NN 5180 1165 6 marks mark NNS 5180 1165 7 and and CC 5180 1165 8 citation citation NN 5180 1165 9 omitted omit VBD 5180 1165 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1165 11 . . . 5180 1166 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1166 2 , , , 5180 1166 3 as as IN 5180 1166 4 Justice Justice NNP 5180 1166 5 Stevens Stevens NNP 5180 1166 6 explained explain VBD 5180 1166 7 in in IN 5180 1166 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1166 9 concurring concur VBG 5180 1166 10 opinion opinion NN 5180 1166 11 in in IN 5180 1166 12 Widmar Widmar NNP 5180 1166 13 v. v. IN 5180 1166 14 Vincent Vincent NNP 5180 1166 15 , , , 5180 1166 16 454 454 CD 5180 1166 17 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1166 18 263 263 CD 5180 1166 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1166 20 1981 1981 CD 5180 1166 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1166 22 , , , 5180 1166 23 the the DT 5180 1166 24 First First NNP 5180 1166 25 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1166 26 does do VBZ 5180 1166 27 not not RB 5180 1166 28 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1166 29 subject subject JJ 5180 1166 30 to to IN 5180 1166 31 strict strict JJ 5180 1166 32 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1166 33 a a DT 5180 1166 34 state state NN 5180 1166 35 university university NN 5180 1166 36 's 's POS 5180 1166 37 use use NN 5180 1166 38 of of IN 5180 1166 39 content content NN 5180 1166 40 - - HYPH 5180 1166 41 based base VBN 5180 1166 42 means mean NNS 5180 1166 43 of of IN 5180 1166 44 allocating allocate VBG 5180 1166 45 scarce scarce JJ 5180 1166 46 resources resource NNS 5180 1166 47 , , , 5180 1166 48 including include VBG 5180 1166 49 limited limited JJ 5180 1166 50 public public JJ 5180 1166 51 fora fora NN 5180 1166 52 such such JJ 5180 1166 53 as as IN 5180 1166 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1166 55 meeting meeting NN 5180 1166 56 facilities facility NNS 5180 1166 57 : : : 5180 1166 58 Because because IN 5180 1166 59 every every DT 5180 1166 60 university university NN 5180 1166 61 's 's POS 5180 1166 62 resources resource NNS 5180 1166 63 are be VBP 5180 1166 64 limited limited JJ 5180 1166 65 , , , 5180 1166 66 an an DT 5180 1166 67 educational educational JJ 5180 1166 68 institution institution NN 5180 1166 69 must must MD 5180 1166 70 routinely routinely RB 5180 1166 71 make make VB 5180 1166 72 decisions decision NNS 5180 1166 73 concerning concern VBG 5180 1166 74 the the DT 5180 1166 75 use use NN 5180 1166 76 of of IN 5180 1166 77 the the DT 5180 1166 78 time time NN 5180 1166 79 and and CC 5180 1166 80 space space NN 5180 1166 81 that that WDT 5180 1166 82 is be VBZ 5180 1166 83 available available JJ 5180 1166 84 for for IN 5180 1166 85 extracurricular extracurricular JJ 5180 1166 86 activities activity NNS 5180 1166 87 . . . 5180 1167 1 In in IN 5180 1167 2 my -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1167 3 judgment judgment NN 5180 1167 4 , , , 5180 1167 5 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1167 6 is be VBZ 5180 1167 7 both both CC 5180 1167 8 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1167 9 and and CC 5180 1167 10 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1167 11 for for IN 5180 1167 12 those those DT 5180 1167 13 decisions decision NNS 5180 1167 14 to to TO 5180 1167 15 evaluate evaluate VB 5180 1167 16 the the DT 5180 1167 17 content content NN 5180 1167 18 of of IN 5180 1167 19 a a DT 5180 1167 20 proposed propose VBN 5180 1167 21 student student NN 5180 1167 22 activity activity NN 5180 1167 23 . . . 5180 1168 1 I -PRON- PRP 5180 1168 2 should should MD 5180 1168 3 think think VB 5180 1168 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1168 5 obvious obvious JJ 5180 1168 6 , , , 5180 1168 7 for for IN 5180 1168 8 example example NN 5180 1168 9 , , , 5180 1168 10 that that IN 5180 1168 11 if if IN 5180 1168 12 two two CD 5180 1168 13 groups group NNS 5180 1168 14 of of IN 5180 1168 15 25 25 CD 5180 1168 16 students student NNS 5180 1168 17 requested request VBD 5180 1168 18 the the DT 5180 1168 19 use use NN 5180 1168 20 of of IN 5180 1168 21 a a DT 5180 1168 22 room room NN 5180 1168 23 at at IN 5180 1168 24 a a DT 5180 1168 25 particular particular JJ 5180 1168 26 time time NN 5180 1168 27 – – : 5180 1168 28 one one NN 5180 1168 29 to to TO 5180 1168 30 view view VB 5180 1168 31 Mickey Mickey NNP 5180 1168 32 Mouse Mouse NNP 5180 1168 33 cartoons cartoon NNS 5180 1168 34 and and CC 5180 1168 35 the the DT 5180 1168 36 other other JJ 5180 1168 37 to to TO 5180 1168 38 rehearse rehearse VB 5180 1168 39 an an DT 5180 1168 40 amateur amateur JJ 5180 1168 41 performance performance NN 5180 1168 42 of of IN 5180 1168 43 Hamlet Hamlet NNP 5180 1168 44 – – : 5180 1168 45 the the DT 5180 1168 46 First First NNP 5180 1168 47 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1168 48 would would MD 5180 1168 49 not not RB 5180 1168 50 require require VB 5180 1168 51 that that IN 5180 1168 52 the the DT 5180 1168 53 room room NN 5180 1168 54 be be VB 5180 1168 55 reserved reserve VBN 5180 1168 56 for for IN 5180 1168 57 the the DT 5180 1168 58 group group NN 5180 1168 59 that that WDT 5180 1168 60 submitted submit VBD 5180 1168 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1168 62 application application NN 5180 1168 63 first first RB 5180 1168 64 . . . 5180 1169 1 Nor nor CC 5180 1169 2 do do VBP 5180 1169 3 I -PRON- PRP 5180 1169 4 see see VB 5180 1169 5 why why WRB 5180 1169 6 a a DT 5180 1169 7 university university NN 5180 1169 8 should should MD 5180 1169 9 have have VB 5180 1169 10 to to TO 5180 1169 11 establish establish VB 5180 1169 12 a a DT 5180 1169 13 " " `` 5180 1169 14 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1169 15 state state NN 5180 1169 16 interest interest NN 5180 1169 17 " " '' 5180 1169 18 to to TO 5180 1169 19 defend defend VB 5180 1169 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1169 21 decision decision NN 5180 1169 22 to to TO 5180 1169 23 permit permit VB 5180 1169 24 one one CD 5180 1169 25 group group NN 5180 1169 26 to to TO 5180 1169 27 use use VB 5180 1169 28 the the DT 5180 1169 29 facility facility NN 5180 1169 30 and and CC 5180 1169 31 not not RB 5180 1169 32 the the DT 5180 1169 33 other other JJ 5180 1169 34 . . . 5180 1170 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1171 1 at at IN 5180 1171 2 278 278 CD 5180 1171 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1171 4 Stevens Stevens NNP 5180 1171 5 , , , 5180 1171 6 J. J. NNP 5180 1171 7 , , , 5180 1171 8 concurring concur VBG 5180 1171 9 in in IN 5180 1171 10 the the DT 5180 1171 11 judgment judgment NN 5180 1171 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1171 13 . . . 5180 1172 1 The the DT 5180 1172 2 more more RBR 5180 1172 3 broadly broadly RB 5180 1172 4 the the DT 5180 1172 5 government government NN 5180 1172 6 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1172 7 private private JJ 5180 1172 8 speech speech NN 5180 1172 9 , , , 5180 1172 10 however however RB 5180 1172 11 , , , 5180 1172 12 the the DT 5180 1172 13 less less JJR 5180 1172 14 deference deference NN 5180 1172 15 the the DT 5180 1172 16 First First NNP 5180 1172 17 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1172 18 accords accord NNS 5180 1172 19 to to IN 5180 1172 20 the the DT 5180 1172 21 government government NN 5180 1172 22 's 's POS 5180 1172 23 content content NN 5180 1172 24 - - HYPH 5180 1172 25 based base VBN 5180 1172 26 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1172 27 on on IN 5180 1172 28 the the DT 5180 1172 29 speech speech NN 5180 1172 30 that that WDT 5180 1172 31 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1172 32 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1172 33 . . . 5180 1173 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1173 2 , , , 5180 1173 3 where where WRB 5180 1173 4 the the DT 5180 1173 5 government government NN 5180 1173 6 creates create VBZ 5180 1173 7 a a DT 5180 1173 8 designated designate VBN 5180 1173 9 public public JJ 5180 1173 10 forum forum NN 5180 1173 11 to to TO 5180 1173 12 facilitate facilitate VB 5180 1173 13 private private JJ 5180 1173 14 speech speech NN 5180 1173 15 representing represent VBG 5180 1173 16 a a DT 5180 1173 17 diverse diverse JJ 5180 1173 18 range range NN 5180 1173 19 of of IN 5180 1173 20 viewpoints viewpoint NNS 5180 1173 21 , , , 5180 1173 22 the the DT 5180 1173 23 government government NN 5180 1173 24 's 's POS 5180 1173 25 decision decision NN 5180 1173 26 selectively selectively RB 5180 1173 27 to to IN 5180 1173 28 single single VB 5180 1173 29 out out RP 5180 1173 30 particular particular JJ 5180 1173 31 viewpoints viewpoint NNS 5180 1173 32 for for IN 5180 1173 33 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1173 34 is be VBZ 5180 1173 35 subject subject JJ 5180 1173 36 to to IN 5180 1173 37 strict strict JJ 5180 1173 38 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1173 39 . . . 5180 1174 1 Compare compare VB 5180 1174 2 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1174 3 , , , 5180 1174 4 515 515 CD 5180 1174 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1174 6 at at IN 5180 1174 7 834 834 CD 5180 1174 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1174 9 applying apply VBG 5180 1174 10 heightened heighten VBN 5180 1174 11 First First NNP 5180 1174 12 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1174 13 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1174 14 to to TO 5180 1174 15 viewpoint viewpoint NN 5180 1174 16 - - HYPH 5180 1174 17 based base VBN 5180 1174 18 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1174 19 on on IN 5180 1174 20 the the DT 5180 1174 21 use use NN 5180 1174 22 of of IN 5180 1174 23 a a DT 5180 1174 24 limited limited JJ 5180 1174 25 public public JJ 5180 1174 26 forum forum NN 5180 1174 27 where where WRB 5180 1174 28 the the DT 5180 1174 29 government government NN 5180 1174 30 " " `` 5180 1174 31 does do VBZ 5180 1174 32 not not RB 5180 1174 33 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1174 34 speak speak VB 5180 1174 35 or or CC 5180 1174 36 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1174 37 transmittal transmittal NN 5180 1174 38 of of IN 5180 1174 39 a a DT 5180 1174 40 message message NN 5180 1174 41 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1174 42 favors favor VBZ 5180 1174 43 but but CC 5180 1174 44 instead instead RB 5180 1174 45 expends expend VBZ 5180 1174 46 funds fund NNS 5180 1174 47 to to TO 5180 1174 48 encourage encourage VB 5180 1174 49 a a DT 5180 1174 50 diversity diversity NN 5180 1174 51 of of IN 5180 1174 52 views view NNS 5180 1174 53 from from IN 5180 1174 54 private private JJ 5180 1174 55 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1174 56 " " '' 5180 1174 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1174 58 , , , 5180 1174 59 with with IN 5180 1174 60 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1174 61 , , , 5180 1174 62 524 524 CD 5180 1174 63 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1174 64 at at IN 5180 1174 65 586 586 CD 5180 1174 66 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1174 67 " " `` 5180 1174 68 In in IN 5180 1174 69 the the DT 5180 1174 70 context context NN 5180 1174 71 of of IN 5180 1174 72 arts art NNS 5180 1174 73 funding funding NN 5180 1174 74 , , , 5180 1174 75 in in IN 5180 1174 76 contrast contrast NN 5180 1174 77 to to IN 5180 1174 78 many many JJ 5180 1174 79 other other JJ 5180 1174 80 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 1174 81 , , , 5180 1174 82 the the DT 5180 1174 83 Government Government NNP 5180 1174 84 does do VBZ 5180 1174 85 not not RB 5180 1174 86 indiscriminately indiscriminately RB 5180 1174 87 encourage encourage VB 5180 1174 88 a a DT 5180 1174 89 diversity diversity NN 5180 1174 90 of of IN 5180 1174 91 views view NNS 5180 1174 92 from from IN 5180 1174 93 private private JJ 5180 1174 94 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1174 95 . . . 5180 1174 96 " " '' 5180 1174 97 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1175 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1175 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1175 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1175 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1175 5 and and CC 5180 1175 6 citation citation NN 5180 1175 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1175 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1175 9 . . . 5180 1176 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1176 2 , , , 5180 1176 3 although although IN 5180 1176 4 the the DT 5180 1176 5 government government NN 5180 1176 6 may may MD 5180 1176 7 create create VB 5180 1176 8 a a DT 5180 1176 9 designated designate VBN 5180 1176 10 public public JJ 5180 1176 11 forum forum NN 5180 1176 12 limited limit VBN 5180 1176 13 to to IN 5180 1176 14 speech speech NN 5180 1176 15 on on IN 5180 1176 16 a a DT 5180 1176 17 particular particular JJ 5180 1176 18 topic topic NN 5180 1176 19 , , , 5180 1176 20 if if IN 5180 1176 21 the the DT 5180 1176 22 government government NN 5180 1176 23 opens open VBZ 5180 1176 24 the the DT 5180 1176 25 forum forum NN 5180 1176 26 to to IN 5180 1176 27 members member NNS 5180 1176 28 of of IN 5180 1176 29 the the DT 5180 1176 30 general general JJ 5180 1176 31 public public NN 5180 1176 32 to to TO 5180 1176 33 speak speak VB 5180 1176 34 on on IN 5180 1176 35 that that DT 5180 1176 36 topic topic NN 5180 1176 37 while while IN 5180 1176 38 selectively selectively RB 5180 1176 39 singling single VBG 5180 1176 40 out out RP 5180 1176 41 for for IN 5180 1176 42 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1176 43 particular particular JJ 5180 1176 44 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1176 45 on on IN 5180 1176 46 the the DT 5180 1176 47 basis basis NN 5180 1176 48 of of IN 5180 1176 49 the the DT 5180 1176 50 content content NN 5180 1176 51 of of IN 5180 1176 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1176 53 speech speech NN 5180 1176 54 , , , 5180 1176 55 that that DT 5180 1176 56 restriction restriction NN 5180 1176 57 is be VBZ 5180 1176 58 subject subject JJ 5180 1176 59 to to IN 5180 1176 60 strict strict JJ 5180 1176 61 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1176 62 . . . 5180 1177 1 For for IN 5180 1177 2 instance instance NN 5180 1177 3 , , , 5180 1177 4 in in IN 5180 1177 5 City City NNP 5180 1177 6 of of IN 5180 1177 7 Madison Madison NNP 5180 1177 8 Joint Joint NNP 5180 1177 9 School School NNP 5180 1177 10 District District NNP 5180 1177 11 No No NNP 5180 1177 12 . . . 5180 1178 1 8 8 CD 5180 1178 2 v. v. IN 5180 1178 3 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP 5180 1178 4 Employment Employment NNP 5180 1178 5 Relations Relations NNPS 5180 1178 6 Commission Commission NNP 5180 1178 7 , , , 5180 1178 8 429 429 CD 5180 1178 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1178 10 167 167 CD 5180 1178 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1178 12 1976 1976 CD 5180 1178 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1178 14 , , , 5180 1178 15 the the DT 5180 1178 16 Court Court NNP 5180 1178 17 held hold VBD 5180 1178 18 that that IN 5180 1178 19 where where WRB 5180 1178 20 a a DT 5180 1178 21 school school NN 5180 1178 22 board board NN 5180 1178 23 opens open VBZ 5180 1178 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1178 25 meetings meeting NNS 5180 1178 26 for for IN 5180 1178 27 public public JJ 5180 1178 28 participation participation NN 5180 1178 29 , , , 5180 1178 30 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1178 31 may may MD 5180 1178 32 not not RB 5180 1178 33 , , , 5180 1178 34 consistent consistent JJ 5180 1178 35 with with IN 5180 1178 36 the the DT 5180 1178 37 First First NNP 5180 1178 38 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1178 39 , , , 5180 1178 40 prohibit prohibit NN 5180 1178 41 teachers teacher NNS 5180 1178 42 other other JJ 5180 1178 43 than than IN 5180 1178 44 union union NN 5180 1178 45 representatives representative NNS 5180 1178 46 from from IN 5180 1178 47 speaking speak VBG 5180 1178 48 on on IN 5180 1178 49 the the DT 5180 1178 50 subject subject NN 5180 1178 51 of of IN 5180 1178 52 pending pende VBG 5180 1178 53 collective collective JJ 5180 1178 54 - - HYPH 5180 1178 55 bargaining bargaining NN 5180 1178 56 negotiations negotiation NNS 5180 1178 57 . . . 5180 1179 1 See see VB 5180 1179 2 i -PRON- PRP 5180 1179 3 d d VBN 5180 1179 4 . . . 5180 1180 1 at at IN 5180 1180 2 175 175 CD 5180 1180 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1180 4 noting note VBG 5180 1180 5 that that IN 5180 1180 6 the the DT 5180 1180 7 state state NN 5180 1180 8 " " `` 5180 1180 9 has have VBZ 5180 1180 10 opened open VBN 5180 1180 11 a a DT 5180 1180 12 forum forum NN 5180 1180 13 for for IN 5180 1180 14 direct direct JJ 5180 1180 15 citizen citizen NN 5180 1180 16 involvement involvement NN 5180 1180 17 " " '' 5180 1180 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1180 19 ; ; : 5180 1180 20 see see VB 5180 1180 21 also also RB 5180 1180 22 Ark. Arkansas NNP 5180 1181 1 Educ Educ NNS 5180 1181 2 . . . 5180 1182 1 Television television NN 5180 1182 2 Comm'n Comm'n NNP 5180 1182 3 v. v. CC 5180 1182 4 Forbes Forbes NNP 5180 1182 5 , , , 5180 1182 6 523 523 CD 5180 1182 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1182 8 666 666 CD 5180 1182 9 , , , 5180 1182 10 680 680 CD 5180 1182 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1182 12 1998 1998 CD 5180 1182 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1182 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1182 15 distinguishing distinguish VBG 5180 1182 16 , , , 5180 1182 17 for for IN 5180 1182 18 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1182 19 of of IN 5180 1182 20 determining determine VBG 5180 1182 21 the the DT 5180 1182 22 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1182 23 level level NN 5180 1182 24 of of IN 5180 1182 25 First First NNP 5180 1182 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1182 27 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1182 28 , , , 5180 1182 29 a a DT 5180 1182 30 televised televise VBN 5180 1182 31 debate debate NN 5180 1182 32 in in IN 5180 1182 33 which which WDT 5180 1182 34 a a DT 5180 1182 35 public public JJ 5180 1182 36 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 1182 37 station station NN 5180 1182 38 exercises exercise VBZ 5180 1182 39 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1182 40 discretion discretion NN 5180 1182 41 in in IN 5180 1182 42 selecting select VBG 5180 1182 43 participating participate VBG 5180 1182 44 candidates candidate NNS 5180 1182 45 from from IN 5180 1182 46 a a DT 5180 1182 47 debate debate NN 5180 1182 48 that that WDT 5180 1182 49 has have VBZ 5180 1182 50 " " `` 5180 1182 51 an an DT 5180 1182 52 open open JJ 5180 1182 53 - - HYPH 5180 1182 54 microphone microphone NN 5180 1182 55 format format NN 5180 1182 56 " " '' 5180 1182 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1182 58 . . . 5180 1183 1 Finally finally RB 5180 1183 2 , , , 5180 1183 3 content content NN 5180 1183 4 - - HYPH 5180 1183 5 based base VBN 5180 1183 6 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1183 7 on on IN 5180 1183 8 speech speech NN 5180 1183 9 in in IN 5180 1183 10 a a DT 5180 1183 11 designated designate VBN 5180 1183 12 public public JJ 5180 1183 13 forum forum NN 5180 1183 14 are be VBP 5180 1183 15 most most RBS 5180 1183 16 clearly clearly RB 5180 1183 17 subject subject JJ 5180 1183 18 to to IN 5180 1183 19 strict strict JJ 5180 1183 20 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1183 21 when when WRB 5180 1183 22 the the DT 5180 1183 23 government government NN 5180 1183 24 opens open VBZ 5180 1183 25 a a DT 5180 1183 26 forum forum NN 5180 1183 27 for for IN 5180 1183 28 virtually virtually RB 5180 1183 29 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 5180 1183 30 use use NN 5180 1183 31 by by IN 5180 1183 32 the the DT 5180 1183 33 general general JJ 5180 1183 34 public public NN 5180 1183 35 for for IN 5180 1183 36 speech speech NN 5180 1183 37 on on IN 5180 1183 38 a a DT 5180 1183 39 virtually virtually RB 5180 1183 40 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 5180 1183 41 range range NN 5180 1183 42 of of IN 5180 1183 43 topics topic NNS 5180 1183 44 , , , 5180 1183 45 while while IN 5180 1183 46 selectively selectively RB 5180 1183 47 excluding exclude VBG 5180 1183 48 particular particular JJ 5180 1183 49 speech speech NN 5180 1183 50 whose whose WP$ 5180 1183 51 content content NN 5180 1183 52 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1183 53 disfavors disfavor VBZ 5180 1183 54 . . . 5180 1184 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1184 2 , , , 5180 1184 3 in in IN 5180 1184 4 Conrad Conrad NNP 5180 1184 5 , , , 5180 1184 6 the the DT 5180 1184 7 Court Court NNP 5180 1184 8 held hold VBD 5180 1184 9 that that IN 5180 1184 10 a a DT 5180 1184 11 local local JJ 5180 1184 12 government government NN 5180 1184 13 violated violate VBD 5180 1184 14 the the DT 5180 1184 15 First First NNP 5180 1184 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1184 17 when when WRB 5180 1184 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1184 19 denied deny VBD 5180 1184 20 a a DT 5180 1184 21 group group NN 5180 1184 22 seeking seek VBG 5180 1184 23 to to TO 5180 1184 24 perform perform VB 5180 1184 25 the the DT 5180 1184 26 rock rock NN 5180 1184 27 musical musical JJ 5180 1184 28 " " `` 5180 1184 29 Hair Hair NNP 5180 1184 30 " " '' 5180 1184 31 access access NN 5180 1184 32 to to IN 5180 1184 33 a a DT 5180 1184 34 general general JJ 5180 1184 35 - - HYPH 5180 1184 36 purpose purpose NN 5180 1184 37 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1184 38 theater theater NN 5180 1184 39 open open NN 5180 1184 40 for for IN 5180 1184 41 the the DT 5180 1184 42 public public NN 5180 1184 43 at at IN 5180 1184 44 large large JJ 5180 1184 45 to to TO 5180 1184 46 use use VB 5180 1184 47 for for IN 5180 1184 48 performances performance NNS 5180 1184 49 . . . 5180 1185 1 See see VB 5180 1185 2 also also RB 5180 1185 3 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1185 4 , , , 5180 1185 5 518 518 CD 5180 1185 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1185 7 at at IN 5180 1185 8 802 802 CD 5180 1185 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1185 10 Kennedy Kennedy NNP 5180 1185 11 , , , 5180 1185 12 J. J. NNP 5180 1185 13 , , , 5180 1185 14 concurring concur VBG 5180 1185 15 in in IN 5180 1185 16 the the DT 5180 1185 17 judgment judgment NN 5180 1185 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1185 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1185 20 suggesting suggest VBG 5180 1185 21 that that DT 5180 1185 22 strict strict JJ 5180 1185 23 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1185 24 would would MD 5180 1185 25 not not RB 5180 1185 26 apply apply VB 5180 1185 27 to to IN 5180 1185 28 a a DT 5180 1185 29 local local JJ 5180 1185 30 government government NN 5180 1185 31 's 's POS 5180 1185 32 decision decision NN 5180 1185 33 to to TO 5180 1185 34 " " `` 5180 1185 35 build build VB 5180 1185 36 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1185 37 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1185 38 a a DT 5180 1185 39 band band NN 5180 1185 40 shell shell NN 5180 1185 41 in in IN 5180 1185 42 the the DT 5180 1185 43 park park NN 5180 1185 44 and and CC 5180 1185 45 dedicate dedicate VB 5180 1185 46 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1185 47 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1185 48 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1185 49 solely solely RB 5180 1185 50 to to IN 5180 1185 51 classical classical JJ 5180 1185 52 music music NN 5180 1185 53 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1185 54 but but CC 5180 1185 55 not not RB 5180 1185 56 jazz jazz NN 5180 1185 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1185 58 , , , 5180 1185 59 " " '' 5180 1185 60 but but CC 5180 1185 61 would would MD 5180 1185 62 apply apply VB 5180 1185 63 to to IN 5180 1185 64 " " `` 5180 1185 65 the the DT 5180 1185 66 Government Government NNP 5180 1185 67 's 's POS 5180 1185 68 creation creation NN 5180 1185 69 of of IN 5180 1185 70 a a DT 5180 1185 71 band band NN 5180 1185 72 shell shell NN 5180 1185 73 in in IN 5180 1185 74 which which WDT 5180 1185 75 all all DT 5180 1185 76 types type NNS 5180 1185 77 of of IN 5180 1185 78 music music NN 5180 1185 79 might may MD 5180 1185 80 be be VB 5180 1185 81 performed perform VBN 5180 1185 82 except except IN 5180 1185 83 for for IN 5180 1185 84 rap rap NN 5180 1185 85 music music NN 5180 1185 86 " " '' 5180 1185 87 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1185 88 . . . 5180 1186 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1186 2 , , , 5180 1186 3 in in IN 5180 1186 4 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1186 5 v. v. IN 5180 1186 6 League League NNP 5180 1186 7 of of IN 5180 1186 8 Women Women NNP 5180 1186 9 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 1186 10 of of IN 5180 1186 11 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1186 12 . . NNP 5180 1186 13 , , , 5180 1186 14 468 468 CD 5180 1186 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1186 16 364 364 CD 5180 1186 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1186 18 1984 1984 CD 5180 1186 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1186 20 , , , 5180 1186 21 the the DT 5180 1186 22 Court Court NNP 5180 1186 23 subjected subject VBD 5180 1186 24 to to IN 5180 1186 25 heightened heighten VBN 5180 1186 26 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1186 27 a a DT 5180 1186 28 federal federal JJ 5180 1186 29 program program NN 5180 1186 30 that that WDT 5180 1186 31 funded fund VBD 5180 1186 32 a a DT 5180 1186 33 wide wide JJ 5180 1186 34 range range NN 5180 1186 35 of of IN 5180 1186 36 public public JJ 5180 1186 37 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 1186 38 stations station NNS 5180 1186 39 that that WDT 5180 1186 40 disseminated disseminate VBN 5180 1186 41 speech speech NN 5180 1186 42 on on IN 5180 1186 43 a a DT 5180 1186 44 wide wide JJ 5180 1186 45 range range NN 5180 1186 46 of of IN 5180 1186 47 subjects subject NNS 5180 1186 48 , , , 5180 1186 49 where where WRB 5180 1186 50 the the DT 5180 1186 51 federal federal JJ 5180 1186 52 program program NN 5180 1186 53 singled single VBN 5180 1186 54 out out RP 5180 1186 55 for for IN 5180 1186 56 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1186 57 speech speech NN 5180 1186 58 whose whose WP$ 5180 1186 59 content content NN 5180 1186 60 amounted amount VBD 5180 1186 61 to to IN 5180 1186 62 editorializing editorialize VBG 5180 1186 63 . . . 5180 1187 1 As as IN 5180 1187 2 the the DT 5180 1187 3 Court Court NNP 5180 1187 4 later later RB 5180 1187 5 explained explain VBD 5180 1187 6 : : : 5180 1187 7 In in IN 5180 1187 8 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1187 9 v. v. IN 5180 1187 10 League League NNP 5180 1187 11 of of IN 5180 1187 12 Women Women NNP 5180 1187 13 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 1187 14 of of IN 5180 1187 15 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1187 16 . . NNP 5180 1187 17 , , , 5180 1187 18 468 468 CD 5180 1187 19 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1187 20 364 364 CD 5180 1187 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1187 22 1984 1984 CD 5180 1187 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1187 24 the the DT 5180 1187 25 Court Court NNP 5180 1187 26 was be VBD 5180 1187 27 instructed instruct VBN 5180 1187 28 by by IN 5180 1187 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1187 30 understanding understanding NN 5180 1187 31 of of IN 5180 1187 32 the the DT 5180 1187 33 dynamics dynamic NNS 5180 1187 34 of of IN 5180 1187 35 the the DT 5180 1187 36 broadcast broadcast NN 5180 1187 37 industry industry NN 5180 1187 38 in in IN 5180 1187 39 holding hold VBG 5180 1187 40 that that IN 5180 1187 41 prohibitions prohibition NNS 5180 1187 42 against against IN 5180 1187 43 editorializing editorialize VBG 5180 1187 44 by by IN 5180 1187 45 public public JJ 5180 1187 46 radio radio NN 5180 1187 47 networks network NNS 5180 1187 48 were be VBD 5180 1187 49 an an DT 5180 1187 50 impermissible impermissible JJ 5180 1187 51 restriction restriction NN 5180 1187 52 , , , 5180 1187 53 even even RB 5180 1187 54 though though IN 5180 1187 55 the the DT 5180 1187 56 Government Government NNP 5180 1187 57 enacted enact VBD 5180 1187 58 the the DT 5180 1187 59 restriction restriction NN 5180 1187 60 to to TO 5180 1187 61 control control VB 5180 1187 62 the the DT 5180 1187 63 use use NN 5180 1187 64 of of IN 5180 1187 65 public public JJ 5180 1187 66 funds fund NNS 5180 1187 67 . . . 5180 1188 1 The the DT 5180 1188 2 First First NNP 5180 1188 3 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1188 4 forbade forbid VBD 5180 1188 5 the the DT 5180 1188 6 Government Government NNP 5180 1188 7 from from IN 5180 1188 8 using use VBG 5180 1188 9 the the DT 5180 1188 10 forum forum NN 5180 1188 11 in in IN 5180 1188 12 an an DT 5180 1188 13 unconventional unconventional JJ 5180 1188 14 way way NN 5180 1188 15 to to TO 5180 1188 16 suppress suppress VB 5180 1188 17 speech speech NN 5180 1188 18 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1188 19 in in IN 5180 1188 20 the the DT 5180 1188 21 nature nature NN 5180 1188 22 of of IN 5180 1188 23 the the DT 5180 1188 24 medium medium NN 5180 1188 25 . . . 5180 1189 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1189 2 , , , 5180 1189 3 531 531 CD 5180 1189 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1189 5 at at IN 5180 1189 6 543 543 CD 5180 1189 7 . . . 5180 1190 1 In in IN 5180 1190 2 sum sum NN 5180 1190 3 , , , 5180 1190 4 the the DT 5180 1190 5 more more RBR 5180 1190 6 widely widely RB 5180 1190 7 the the DT 5180 1190 8 state state NN 5180 1190 9 opens open VBZ 5180 1190 10 a a DT 5180 1190 11 forum forum NN 5180 1190 12 for for IN 5180 1190 13 members member NNS 5180 1190 14 of of IN 5180 1190 15 the the DT 5180 1190 16 public public NN 5180 1190 17 to to TO 5180 1190 18 speak speak VB 5180 1190 19 on on IN 5180 1190 20 a a DT 5180 1190 21 variety variety NN 5180 1190 22 of of IN 5180 1190 23 subjects subject NNS 5180 1190 24 and and CC 5180 1190 25 viewpoints viewpoint NNS 5180 1190 26 , , , 5180 1190 27 the the DT 5180 1190 28 more more RBR 5180 1190 29 vulnerable vulnerable JJ 5180 1190 30 is be VBZ 5180 1190 31 the the DT 5180 1190 32 state state NN 5180 1190 33 's 's POS 5180 1190 34 decision decision NN 5180 1190 35 selectively selectively RB 5180 1190 36 to to TO 5180 1190 37 exclude exclude VB 5180 1190 38 certain certain JJ 5180 1190 39 speech speech NN 5180 1190 40 on on IN 5180 1190 41 the the DT 5180 1190 42 basis basis NN 5180 1190 43 of of IN 5180 1190 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1190 45 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1190 46 content content NN 5180 1190 47 , , , 5180 1190 48 as as IN 5180 1190 49 such such JJ 5180 1190 50 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1190 51 distort distort VBP 5180 1190 52 the the DT 5180 1190 53 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 1190 54 of of IN 5180 1190 55 ideas idea NNS 5180 1190 56 that that WDT 5180 1190 57 the the DT 5180 1190 58 state state NN 5180 1190 59 has have VBZ 5180 1190 60 created create VBN 5180 1190 61 in in IN 5180 1190 62 establishing establish VBG 5180 1190 63 the the DT 5180 1190 64 forum forum NN 5180 1190 65 . . . 5180 1191 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1191 2 . . . 5180 1192 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1192 2 , , , 5180 1192 3 531 531 CD 5180 1192 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1192 5 at at IN 5180 1192 6 544 544 CD 5180 1192 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1192 8 " " `` 5180 1192 9 Restricting restrict VBG 5180 1192 10 LSC LSC NNP 5180 1192 11 attorneys attorney NNS 5180 1192 12 in in IN 5180 1192 13 advising advise VBG 5180 1192 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1192 15 clients client NNS 5180 1192 16 and and CC 5180 1192 17 in in IN 5180 1192 18 presenting present VBG 5180 1192 19 arguments argument NNS 5180 1192 20 and and CC 5180 1192 21 analyses analysis NNS 5180 1192 22 to to IN 5180 1192 23 the the DT 5180 1192 24 courts court NNS 5180 1192 25 distorts distort VBZ 5180 1192 26 the the DT 5180 1192 27 legal legal JJ 5180 1192 28 system system NN 5180 1192 29 by by IN 5180 1192 30 altering alter VBG 5180 1192 31 the the DT 5180 1192 32 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1192 33 role role NN 5180 1192 34 of of IN 5180 1192 35 the the DT 5180 1192 36 attorneys attorney NNS 5180 1192 37 in in IN 5180 1192 38 much much RB 5180 1192 39 the the DT 5180 1192 40 same same JJ 5180 1192 41 way way NN 5180 1192 42 broadcast broadcast NN 5180 1192 43 systems system NNS 5180 1192 44 or or CC 5180 1192 45 student student NN 5180 1192 46 publication publication NN 5180 1192 47 networks network NNS 5180 1192 48 were be VBD 5180 1192 49 changed change VBN 5180 1192 50 in in IN 5180 1192 51 the the DT 5180 1192 52 limited limited JJ 5180 1192 53 forum forum NN 5180 1192 54 cases case NNS 5180 1192 55 . . . 5180 1193 1 . . . 5180 1194 1 . . . 5180 1195 1 . . . 5180 1195 2 " " '' 5180 1195 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1195 4 . . . 5180 1196 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1196 2 , , , 5180 1196 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1196 4 believe believe VBP 5180 1196 5 that that IN 5180 1196 6 where where WRB 5180 1196 7 the the DT 5180 1196 8 state state NN 5180 1196 9 designates designate VBZ 5180 1196 10 a a DT 5180 1196 11 forum forum NN 5180 1196 12 for for IN 5180 1196 13 expressive expressive JJ 5180 1196 14 activity activity NN 5180 1196 15 and and CC 5180 1196 16 opens open VBZ 5180 1196 17 the the DT 5180 1196 18 forum forum NN 5180 1196 19 for for IN 5180 1196 20 speech speech NN 5180 1196 21 by by IN 5180 1196 22 the the DT 5180 1196 23 public public NN 5180 1196 24 at at IN 5180 1196 25 large large JJ 5180 1196 26 on on IN 5180 1196 27 a a DT 5180 1196 28 wide wide JJ 5180 1196 29 range range NN 5180 1196 30 of of IN 5180 1196 31 topics topic NNS 5180 1196 32 , , , 5180 1196 33 strict strict JJ 5180 1196 34 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1196 35 applies apply VBZ 5180 1196 36 to to IN 5180 1196 37 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1196 38 that that WDT 5180 1196 39 single single VBP 5180 1196 40 out out RP 5180 1196 41 for for IN 5180 1196 42 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1196 43 from from IN 5180 1196 44 the the DT 5180 1196 45 forum forum NN 5180 1196 46 particular particular JJ 5180 1196 47 speech speech NN 5180 1196 48 whose whose WP$ 5180 1196 49 content content NN 5180 1196 50 is be VBZ 5180 1196 51 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1196 52 . . . 5180 1197 1 " " `` 5180 1197 2 Laws law NNS 5180 1197 3 designed design VBN 5180 1197 4 or or CC 5180 1197 5 intended intend VBD 5180 1197 6 to to TO 5180 1197 7 suppress suppress VB 5180 1197 8 or or CC 5180 1197 9 restrict restrict VB 5180 1197 10 the the DT 5180 1197 11 expression expression NN 5180 1197 12 of of IN 5180 1197 13 specific specific JJ 5180 1197 14 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1197 15 contradict contradict VBP 5180 1197 16 basic basic JJ 5180 1197 17 First First NNP 5180 1197 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1197 19 principles principle NNS 5180 1197 20 . . . 5180 1197 21 " " '' 5180 1198 1 United United NNP 5180 1198 2 States States NNP 5180 1198 3 v. v. IN 5180 1198 4 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1198 5 Entm't Entm't NNP 5180 1198 6 Group Group NNP 5180 1198 7 , , , 5180 1198 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1198 9 , , , 5180 1198 10 529 529 CD 5180 1198 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1198 12 803 803 CD 5180 1198 13 , , , 5180 1198 14 812 812 CD 5180 1198 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1198 16 2000 2000 CD 5180 1198 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1198 18 ; ; : 5180 1198 19 see see VB 5180 1198 20 also also RB 5180 1198 21 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1198 22 , , , 5180 1198 23 518 518 CD 5180 1198 24 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1198 25 at at IN 5180 1198 26 782 782 CD 5180 1198 27 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1198 28 Kennedy Kennedy NNP 5180 1198 29 , , , 5180 1198 30 J. J. NNP 5180 1198 31 , , , 5180 1198 32 concurring concur VBG 5180 1198 33 in in IN 5180 1198 34 the the DT 5180 1198 35 judgment judgment NN 5180 1198 36 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1198 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1198 38 noting note VBG 5180 1198 39 the the DT 5180 1198 40 flaw flaw NN 5180 1198 41 in in IN 5180 1198 42 a a DT 5180 1198 43 law law NN 5180 1198 44 that that IN 5180 1198 45 " " `` 5180 1198 46 singles single VBZ 5180 1198 47 out out RP 5180 1198 48 one one CD 5180 1198 49 sort sort NN 5180 1198 50 of of IN 5180 1198 51 speech speech NN 5180 1198 52 for for IN 5180 1198 53 vulnerability vulnerability NN 5180 1198 54 to to IN 5180 1198 55 private private JJ 5180 1198 56 censorship censorship NN 5180 1198 57 in in IN 5180 1198 58 a a DT 5180 1198 59 context context NN 5180 1198 60 where where WRB 5180 1198 61 content content NN 5180 1198 62 - - HYPH 5180 1198 63 based base VBN 5180 1198 64 discrimination discrimination NN 5180 1198 65 is be VBZ 5180 1198 66 not not RB 5180 1198 67 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1198 68 permitted permit VBN 5180 1198 69 " " '' 5180 1198 70 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1198 71 . . . 5180 1199 1 Compare Compare NNP 5180 1199 2 Forbes Forbes NNP 5180 1199 3 , , , 5180 1199 4 523 523 CD 5180 1199 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1199 6 at at IN 5180 1199 7 679 679 CD 5180 1199 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1199 9 holding hold VBG 5180 1199 10 that that IN 5180 1199 11 the the DT 5180 1199 12 state state NN 5180 1199 13 does do VBZ 5180 1199 14 not not RB 5180 1199 15 create create VB 5180 1199 16 a a DT 5180 1199 17 public public JJ 5180 1199 18 forum forum NN 5180 1199 19 when when WRB 5180 1199 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1199 21 " " `` 5180 1199 22 allows allow VBZ 5180 1199 23 selective selective JJ 5180 1199 24 access access NN 5180 1199 25 for for IN 5180 1199 26 individual individual JJ 5180 1199 27 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1199 28 rather rather RB 5180 1199 29 than than IN 5180 1199 30 general general JJ 5180 1199 31 access access NN 5180 1199 32 for for IN 5180 1199 33 a a DT 5180 1199 34 class class NN 5180 1199 35 of of IN 5180 1199 36 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1199 37 " " '' 5180 1199 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1199 39 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1199 40 emphasis emphasis NN 5180 1199 41 added add VBN 5180 1199 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1199 43 , , , 5180 1199 44 with with IN 5180 1199 45 Police Police NNS 5180 1199 46 Dep't Dep't NNS 5180 1199 47 of of IN 5180 1199 48 the the DT 5180 1199 49 City City NNP 5180 1199 50 of of IN 5180 1199 51 Chicago Chicago NNP 5180 1199 52 v. v. CC 5180 1199 53 Mosley Mosley NNP 5180 1199 54 , , , 5180 1199 55 408 408 CD 5180 1199 56 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1199 57 92 92 CD 5180 1199 58 , , , 5180 1199 59 96 96 CD 5180 1199 60 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1199 61 1972 1972 CD 5180 1199 62 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1199 63 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1199 64 " " `` 5180 1199 65 Selective selective JJ 5180 1199 66 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1199 67 from from IN 5180 1199 68 a a DT 5180 1199 69 public public JJ 5180 1199 70 forum forum NN 5180 1199 71 may may MD 5180 1199 72 not not RB 5180 1199 73 be be VB 5180 1199 74 based base VBN 5180 1199 75 on on IN 5180 1199 76 content content NN 5180 1199 77 alone alone RB 5180 1199 78 , , , 5180 1199 79 and and CC 5180 1199 80 may may MD 5180 1199 81 not not RB 5180 1199 82 be be VB 5180 1199 83 justified justify VBN 5180 1199 84 by by IN 5180 1199 85 reference reference NN 5180 1199 86 to to TO 5180 1199 87 content content VB 5180 1199 88 alone alone RB 5180 1199 89 . . . 5180 1199 90 " " '' 5180 1199 91 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1200 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1200 2 emphasis emphasis NN 5180 1200 3 added add VBN 5180 1200 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1200 5 . . . 5180 1201 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1201 2 note note VBP 5180 1201 3 further further RB 5180 1201 4 that that IN 5180 1201 5 to to IN 5180 1201 6 the the DT 5180 1201 7 extent extent NN 5180 1201 8 that that IN 5180 1201 9 the the DT 5180 1201 10 government government NN 5180 1201 11 creates create VBZ 5180 1201 12 a a DT 5180 1201 13 public public JJ 5180 1201 14 forum forum NN 5180 1201 15 expressly expressly RB 5180 1201 16 designed design VBN 5180 1201 17 to to TO 5180 1201 18 facilitate facilitate VB 5180 1201 19 the the DT 5180 1201 20 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1201 21 of of IN 5180 1201 22 private private JJ 5180 1201 23 speech speech NN 5180 1201 24 , , , 5180 1201 25 opens open VBZ 5180 1201 26 the the DT 5180 1201 27 forum forum NN 5180 1201 28 to to IN 5180 1201 29 any any DT 5180 1201 30 member member NN 5180 1201 31 of of IN 5180 1201 32 the the DT 5180 1201 33 public public NN 5180 1201 34 to to TO 5180 1201 35 speak speak VB 5180 1201 36 on on IN 5180 1201 37 any any DT 5180 1201 38 virtually virtually RB 5180 1201 39 any any DT 5180 1201 40 topic topic NN 5180 1201 41 , , , 5180 1201 42 and and CC 5180 1201 43 then then RB 5180 1201 44 selectively selectively RB 5180 1201 45 targets target VBZ 5180 1201 46 certain certain JJ 5180 1201 47 speech speech NN 5180 1201 48 for for IN 5180 1201 49 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1201 50 based base VBN 5180 1201 51 on on IN 5180 1201 52 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1201 53 content content NN 5180 1201 54 , , , 5180 1201 55 the the DT 5180 1201 56 government government NN 5180 1201 57 is be VBZ 5180 1201 58 singling single VBG 5180 1201 59 out out RP 5180 1201 60 speech speech NN 5180 1201 61 in in IN 5180 1201 62 a a DT 5180 1201 63 manner manner NN 5180 1201 64 that that WDT 5180 1201 65 resembles resemble VBZ 5180 1201 66 the the DT 5180 1201 67 discriminatory discriminatory JJ 5180 1201 68 taxes taxis NNS 5180 1201 69 on on IN 5180 1201 70 the the DT 5180 1201 71 press press NN 5180 1201 72 that that IN 5180 1201 73 the the DT 5180 1201 74 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1201 75 Court Court NNP 5180 1201 76 subjected subject VBD 5180 1201 77 to to IN 5180 1201 78 heightened heighten VBN 5180 1201 79 First First NNP 5180 1201 80 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1201 81 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1201 82 in in IN 5180 1201 83 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 1201 84 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 1201 85 ' ' POS 5180 1201 86 Project Project NNP 5180 1201 87 , , , 5180 1201 88 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1201 89 v. v. IN 5180 1201 90 Ragland Ragland NNP 5180 1201 91 , , , 5180 1201 92 481 481 CD 5180 1201 93 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1201 94 221 221 CD 5180 1201 95 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1201 96 1987 1987 CD 5180 1201 97 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1201 98 , , , 5180 1201 99 and and CC 5180 1201 100 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP 5180 1201 101 Star Star NNP 5180 1201 102 & & CC 5180 1201 103 Tribune Tribune NNP 5180 1201 104 Co. Co. NNP 5180 1201 105 v. v. IN 5180 1201 106 Minnesota Minnesota NNP 5180 1201 107 Commissioner Commissioner NNP 5180 1201 108 of of IN 5180 1201 109 Revenue Revenue NNP 5180 1201 110 , , , 5180 1201 111 460 460 CD 5180 1201 112 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1201 113 575 575 CD 5180 1201 114 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1201 115 1983 1983 CD 5180 1201 116 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1201 117 , , , 5180 1201 118 which which WDT 5180 1201 119 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1201 120 explain explain VBP 5180 1201 121 in in IN 5180 1201 122 the the DT 5180 1201 123 margin margin NN 5180 1201 124 . . . 5180 1202 1 4 4 LS 5180 1202 2 . . . 5180 1203 1 Reasons reason NNS 5180 1203 2 for for IN 5180 1203 3 Applying apply VBG 5180 1203 4 Strict Strict NNP 5180 1203 5 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 1203 6 1 1 CD 5180 1203 7 . . . 5180 1204 1 Selective Selective NNP 5180 1204 2 Exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1204 3 From from IN 5180 1204 4 a a DT 5180 1204 5 " " `` 5180 1204 6 Vast Vast NNP 5180 1204 7 Democratic Democratic NNP 5180 1204 8 Forum Forum NNP 5180 1204 9 " " `` 5180 1204 10 Applying apply VBG 5180 1204 11 these these DT 5180 1204 12 principles principle NNS 5180 1204 13 to to IN 5180 1204 14 public public JJ 5180 1204 15 libraries library NNS 5180 1204 16 , , , 5180 1204 17 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1204 18 agree agree VBP 5180 1204 19 with with IN 5180 1204 20 the the DT 5180 1204 21 government government NN 5180 1204 22 that that WDT 5180 1204 23 generally generally RB 5180 1204 24 the the DT 5180 1204 25 First First NNP 5180 1204 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1204 27 subjects subject VBZ 5180 1204 28 libraries library NNS 5180 1204 29 ' ' POS 5180 1204 30 content content NN 5180 1204 31 - - HYPH 5180 1204 32 based base VBN 5180 1204 33 decisions decision NNS 5180 1204 34 about about IN 5180 1204 35 which which WDT 5180 1204 36 print print NN 5180 1204 37 materials material NNS 5180 1204 38 to to TO 5180 1204 39 acquire acquire VB 5180 1204 40 for for IN 5180 1204 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1204 42 collections collection NNS 5180 1204 43 to to IN 5180 1204 44 only only JJ 5180 1204 45 rational rational JJ 5180 1204 46 review review NN 5180 1204 47 . . . 5180 1205 1 In in IN 5180 1205 2 making make VBG 5180 1205 3 these these DT 5180 1205 4 decisions decision NNS 5180 1205 5 , , , 5180 1205 6 public public JJ 5180 1205 7 libraries library NNS 5180 1205 8 are be VBP 5180 1205 9 generally generally RB 5180 1205 10 free free JJ 5180 1205 11 to to TO 5180 1205 12 adopt adopt VB 5180 1205 13 collection collection NN 5180 1205 14 development development NN 5180 1205 15 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1205 16 that that WDT 5180 1205 17 reflect reflect VBP 5180 1205 18 not not RB 5180 1205 19 simply simply RB 5180 1205 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 1205 21 ' ' POS 5180 1205 22 demand demand NN 5180 1205 23 for for IN 5180 1205 24 certain certain JJ 5180 1205 25 material material NN 5180 1205 26 , , , 5180 1205 27 but but CC 5180 1205 28 also also RB 5180 1205 29 the the DT 5180 1205 30 library library NN 5180 1205 31 's 's POS 5180 1205 32 evaluation evaluation NN 5180 1205 33 of of IN 5180 1205 34 the the DT 5180 1205 35 material material NN 5180 1205 36 's 's POS 5180 1205 37 quality quality NN 5180 1205 38 . . . 5180 1206 1 See see VB 5180 1206 2 Bernard Bernard NNP 5180 1206 3 W. W. NNP 5180 1206 4 Bell Bell NNP 5180 1206 5 , , , 5180 1206 6 Filth Filth NNP 5180 1206 7 , , , 5180 1206 8 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 1206 9 , , , 5180 1206 10 and and CC 5180 1206 11 the the DT 5180 1206 12 First First NNP 5180 1206 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1206 14 : : : 5180 1206 15 Ruminations rumination NNS 5180 1206 16 on on IN 5180 1206 17 Public Public NNP 5180 1206 18 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 1206 19 ' ' POS 5180 1206 20 Use Use NNP 5180 1206 21 of of IN 5180 1206 22 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1206 23 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 1206 24 Software Software NNP 5180 1206 25 , , , 5180 1206 26 53 53 CD 5180 1206 27 Fed Fed NNP 5180 1206 28 . . . 5180 1207 1 Comm Comm NNP 5180 1207 2 . . . 5180 1208 1 L.J. L.J. NNP 5180 1209 1 191 191 CD 5180 1209 2 , , , 5180 1209 3 225 225 CD 5180 1209 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1209 5 2001 2001 CD 5180 1209 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1209 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1209 8 " " `` 5180 1209 9 Librarians Librarians NNPS 5180 1209 10 should should MD 5180 1209 11 have have VB 5180 1209 12 the the DT 5180 1209 13 discretion discretion NN 5180 1209 14 to to TO 5180 1209 15 decide decide VB 5180 1209 16 that that IN 5180 1209 17 the the DT 5180 1209 18 library library NN 5180 1209 19 is be VBZ 5180 1209 20 committed commit VBN 5180 1209 21 to to IN 5180 1209 22 intellectual intellectual JJ 5180 1209 23 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 1209 24 , , , 5180 1209 25 not not RB 5180 1209 26 to to IN 5180 1209 27 the the DT 5180 1209 28 satisfaction satisfaction NN 5180 1209 29 of of IN 5180 1209 30 the the DT 5180 1209 31 full full JJ 5180 1209 32 range range NN 5180 1209 33 of of IN 5180 1209 34 human human JJ 5180 1209 35 desires desire NNS 5180 1209 36 . . . 5180 1209 37 " " '' 5180 1209 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1209 39 . . . 5180 1210 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1210 2 , , , 5180 1210 3 a a DT 5180 1210 4 public public JJ 5180 1210 5 library library NN 5180 1210 6 's 's POS 5180 1210 7 decision decision NN 5180 1210 8 to to TO 5180 1210 9 use use VB 5180 1210 10 the the DT 5180 1210 11 last last JJ 5180 1210 12 $ $ $ 5180 1210 13 100 100 CD 5180 1210 14 of of IN 5180 1210 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1210 16 budget budget NN 5180 1210 17 to to TO 5180 1210 18 purchase purchase VB 5180 1210 19 the the DT 5180 1210 20 complete complete JJ 5180 1210 21 works work NNS 5180 1210 22 of of IN 5180 1210 23 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 5180 1210 24 even even RB 5180 1210 25 though though IN 5180 1210 26 more more JJR 5180 1210 27 of of IN 5180 1210 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1210 29 patrons patron NNS 5180 1210 30 would would MD 5180 1210 31 prefer prefer VB 5180 1210 32 the the DT 5180 1210 33 library library NN 5180 1210 34 to to TO 5180 1210 35 use use VB 5180 1210 36 the the DT 5180 1210 37 same same JJ 5180 1210 38 amount amount NN 5180 1210 39 to to TO 5180 1210 40 purchase purchase VB 5180 1210 41 the the DT 5180 1210 42 complete complete JJ 5180 1210 43 works work NNS 5180 1210 44 of of IN 5180 1210 45 John John NNP 5180 1210 46 Grisham Grisham NNP 5180 1210 47 , , , 5180 1210 48 is be VBZ 5180 1210 49 not not RB 5180 1210 50 , , , 5180 1210 51 in in IN 5180 1210 52 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1210 53 view view NN 5180 1210 54 , , , 5180 1210 55 subject subject JJ 5180 1210 56 to to IN 5180 1210 57 strict strict JJ 5180 1210 58 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1210 59 . . . 5180 1211 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1211 2 . . . 5180 1212 1 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1212 2 v. v. CC 5180 1212 3 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1212 4 , , , 5180 1212 5 524 524 CD 5180 1212 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1212 7 569 569 CD 5180 1212 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1212 9 1998 1998 CD 5180 1212 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1212 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1212 12 subjecting subject VBG 5180 1212 13 only only RB 5180 1212 14 to to IN 5180 1212 15 rational rational JJ 5180 1212 16 basis basis NN 5180 1212 17 review review NN 5180 1212 18 the the DT 5180 1212 19 government government NN 5180 1212 20 's 's POS 5180 1212 21 decision decision NN 5180 1212 22 to to TO 5180 1212 23 award award VB 5180 1212 24 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1212 25 grants grant NNS 5180 1212 26 on on IN 5180 1212 27 the the DT 5180 1212 28 basis basis NN 5180 1212 29 of of IN 5180 1212 30 , , , 5180 1212 31 inter inter NNP 5180 1212 32 alia alia NNP 5180 1212 33 , , , 5180 1212 34 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1212 35 excellence excellence NN 5180 1212 36 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1212 37 . . . 5180 1213 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1213 2 , , , 5180 1213 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1213 4 disagree disagree VBP 5180 1213 5 with with IN 5180 1213 6 the the DT 5180 1213 7 government government NN 5180 1213 8 's 's POS 5180 1213 9 argument argument NN 5180 1213 10 that that IN 5180 1213 11 public public JJ 5180 1213 12 libraries library NNS 5180 1213 13 ' ' POS 5180 1213 14 use use NN 5180 1213 15 of of IN 5180 1213 16 Internet internet NN 5180 1213 17 filters filter NNS 5180 1213 18 is be VBZ 5180 1213 19 no no RB 5180 1213 20 different different JJ 5180 1213 21 , , , 5180 1213 22 for for IN 5180 1213 23 First First NNP 5180 1213 24 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1213 25 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1213 26 , , , 5180 1213 27 from from IN 5180 1213 28 the the DT 5180 1213 29 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1213 30 discretion discretion NN 5180 1213 31 that that WDT 5180 1213 32 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1213 33 exercise exercise VBP 5180 1213 34 when when WRB 5180 1213 35 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1213 36 choose choose VBP 5180 1213 37 to to TO 5180 1213 38 acquire acquire VB 5180 1213 39 certain certain JJ 5180 1213 40 books book NNS 5180 1213 41 on on IN 5180 1213 42 the the DT 5180 1213 43 basis basis NN 5180 1213 44 of of IN 5180 1213 45 librarians librarian NNS 5180 1213 46 ' ' POS 5180 1213 47 evaluation evaluation NN 5180 1213 48 of of IN 5180 1213 49 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1213 50 quality quality NN 5180 1213 51 . . . 5180 1214 1 The the DT 5180 1214 2 central central JJ 5180 1214 3 difference difference NN 5180 1214 4 , , , 5180 1214 5 in in IN 5180 1214 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1214 7 view view NN 5180 1214 8 , , , 5180 1214 9 is be VBZ 5180 1214 10 that that IN 5180 1214 11 by by IN 5180 1214 12 providing provide VBG 5180 1214 13 patrons patron NNS 5180 1214 14 with with IN 5180 1214 15 even even RB 5180 1214 16 filtered filter VBN 5180 1214 17 Internet internet NN 5180 1214 18 access access NN 5180 1214 19 , , , 5180 1214 20 the the DT 5180 1214 21 library library NN 5180 1214 22 permits permit VBZ 5180 1214 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 1214 24 to to TO 5180 1214 25 receive receive VB 5180 1214 26 speech speech NN 5180 1214 27 on on IN 5180 1214 28 a a DT 5180 1214 29 virtually virtually RB 5180 1214 30 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1214 31 number number NN 5180 1214 32 of of IN 5180 1214 33 topics topic NNS 5180 1214 34 , , , 5180 1214 35 from from IN 5180 1214 36 a a DT 5180 1214 37 virtually virtually RB 5180 1214 38 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1214 39 number number NN 5180 1214 40 of of IN 5180 1214 41 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1214 42 , , , 5180 1214 43 without without IN 5180 1214 44 attempting attempt VBG 5180 1214 45 to to TO 5180 1214 46 restrict restrict VB 5180 1214 47 patrons patron NNS 5180 1214 48 ' ' POS 5180 1214 49 access access NN 5180 1214 50 to to IN 5180 1214 51 speech speech NN 5180 1214 52 that that IN 5180 1214 53 the the DT 5180 1214 54 library library NN 5180 1214 55 , , , 5180 1214 56 in in IN 5180 1214 57 the the DT 5180 1214 58 exercise exercise NN 5180 1214 59 of of IN 5180 1214 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1214 61 professional professional JJ 5180 1214 62 judgment judgment NN 5180 1214 63 , , , 5180 1214 64 determines determine VBZ 5180 1214 65 to to TO 5180 1214 66 be be VB 5180 1214 67 particularly particularly RB 5180 1214 68 valuable valuable JJ 5180 1214 69 . . . 5180 1215 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1215 2 . . . 5180 1216 1 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1216 2 v. v. CC 5180 1216 3 Rector Rector NNP 5180 1216 4 & & CC 5180 1216 5 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 1216 6 of of IN 5180 1216 7 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1216 8 . . . 5180 1217 1 of of IN 5180 1217 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 1217 3 , , , 5180 1217 4 515 515 CD 5180 1217 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1217 6 819 819 CD 5180 1217 7 , , , 5180 1217 8 834 834 CD 5180 1217 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1217 10 1995 1995 CD 5180 1217 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1217 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1217 13 applying apply VBG 5180 1217 14 strict strict JJ 5180 1217 15 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1217 16 to to TO 5180 1217 17 viewpoint viewpoint NN 5180 1217 18 - - HYPH 5180 1217 19 based base VBN 5180 1217 20 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1217 21 where where WRB 5180 1217 22 the the DT 5180 1217 23 state state NN 5180 1217 24 " " `` 5180 1217 25 does do VBZ 5180 1217 26 not not RB 5180 1217 27 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1217 28 speak speak VB 5180 1217 29 or or CC 5180 1217 30 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1217 31 transmittal transmittal NN 5180 1217 32 of of IN 5180 1217 33 a a DT 5180 1217 34 message message NN 5180 1217 35 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1217 36 favors favor VBZ 5180 1217 37 but but CC 5180 1217 38 instead instead RB 5180 1217 39 expends expend VBZ 5180 1217 40 funds fund NNS 5180 1217 41 to to TO 5180 1217 42 encourage encourage VB 5180 1217 43 a a DT 5180 1217 44 diversity diversity NN 5180 1217 45 of of IN 5180 1217 46 views view NNS 5180 1217 47 from from IN 5180 1217 48 private private JJ 5180 1217 49 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1217 50 " " '' 5180 1217 51 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1217 52 . . . 5180 1218 1 See see VB 5180 1218 2 generally generally RB 5180 1218 3 supra supra NNP 5180 1218 4 Section section NN 5180 1218 5 IV.C. iv.c. NN 5180 1219 1 In in IN 5180 1219 2 those those DT 5180 1219 3 cases case NNS 5180 1219 4 upholding uphold VBG 5180 1219 5 the the DT 5180 1219 6 government government NN 5180 1219 7 's 's POS 5180 1219 8 exercise exercise NN 5180 1219 9 of of IN 5180 1219 10 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1219 11 discretion discretion NN 5180 1219 12 in in IN 5180 1219 13 selecting select VBG 5180 1219 14 certain certain JJ 5180 1219 15 speech speech NN 5180 1219 16 for for IN 5180 1219 17 subsidization subsidization NN 5180 1219 18 or or CC 5180 1219 19 inclusion inclusion NN 5180 1219 20 in in IN 5180 1219 21 a a DT 5180 1219 22 state state NN 5180 1219 23 - - HYPH 5180 1219 24 created create VBN 5180 1219 25 forum forum NN 5180 1219 26 , , , 5180 1219 27 the the DT 5180 1219 28 state state NN 5180 1219 29 actor actor NN 5180 1219 30 exercising exercise VBG 5180 1219 31 the the DT 5180 1219 32 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1219 33 discretion discretion NN 5180 1219 34 has have VBZ 5180 1219 35 at at IN 5180 1219 36 least least JJS 5180 1219 37 reviewed review VBN 5180 1219 38 the the DT 5180 1219 39 content content NN 5180 1219 40 of of IN 5180 1219 41 the the DT 5180 1219 42 speech speech NN 5180 1219 43 that that WDT 5180 1219 44 the the DT 5180 1219 45 forum forum NN 5180 1219 46 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1219 47 . . . 5180 1220 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1220 2 , , , 5180 1220 3 in in IN 5180 1220 4 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1220 5 the the DT 5180 1220 6 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1220 7 examined examine VBD 5180 1220 8 the the DT 5180 1220 9 content content NN 5180 1220 10 of of IN 5180 1220 11 those those DT 5180 1220 12 works work NNS 5180 1220 13 of of IN 5180 1220 14 art art NN 5180 1220 15 that that WDT 5180 1220 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1220 17 chose choose VBD 5180 1220 18 to to TO 5180 1220 19 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1220 20 , , , 5180 1220 21 and and CC 5180 1220 22 in in IN 5180 1220 23 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 1220 24 Educational Educational NNP 5180 1220 25 Television Television NNP 5180 1220 26 Commission Commission NNP 5180 1220 27 v. v. CC 5180 1220 28 Forbes Forbes NNP 5180 1220 29 , , , 5180 1220 30 523 523 CD 5180 1220 31 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1220 32 666 666 CD 5180 1220 33 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1220 34 1998 1998 CD 5180 1220 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1220 36 , , , 5180 1220 37 the the DT 5180 1220 38 public public JJ 5180 1220 39 broadcaster broadcaster NN 5180 1220 40 specifically specifically RB 5180 1220 41 reviewed review VBN 5180 1220 42 and and CC 5180 1220 43 approved approve VBN 5180 1220 44 each each DT 5180 1220 45 speaker speaker NN 5180 1220 46 permitted permit VBN 5180 1220 47 to to TO 5180 1220 48 participate participate VB 5180 1220 49 in in IN 5180 1220 50 the the DT 5180 1220 51 debate debate NN 5180 1220 52 . . . 5180 1221 1 See see VB 5180 1221 2 i -PRON- PRP 5180 1221 3 d d VBN 5180 1221 4 . . . 5180 1222 1 at at IN 5180 1222 2 673 673 CD 5180 1222 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1222 4 " " `` 5180 1222 5 In in IN 5180 1222 6 the the DT 5180 1222 7 case case NN 5180 1222 8 of of IN 5180 1222 9 television television NN 5180 1222 10 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 1222 11 , , , 5180 1222 12 . . . 5180 1223 1 . . . 5180 1224 1 . . . 5180 1225 1 broad broad JJ 5180 1225 2 rights right NNS 5180 1225 3 of of IN 5180 1225 4 access access NN 5180 1225 5 for for IN 5180 1225 6 outside outside JJ 5180 1225 7 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1225 8 would would MD 5180 1225 9 be be VB 5180 1225 10 antithetical antithetical JJ 5180 1225 11 , , , 5180 1225 12 as as IN 5180 1225 13 a a DT 5180 1225 14 general general JJ 5180 1225 15 rule rule NN 5180 1225 16 , , , 5180 1225 17 to to IN 5180 1225 18 the the DT 5180 1225 19 discretion discretion NN 5180 1225 20 that that WDT 5180 1225 21 stations station VBZ 5180 1225 22 and and CC 5180 1225 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1225 24 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1225 25 staff staff NN 5180 1225 26 must must MD 5180 1225 27 exercise exercise VB 5180 1225 28 to to TO 5180 1225 29 fulfill fulfill VB 5180 1225 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1225 31 journalistic journalistic JJ 5180 1225 32 purpose purpose NN 5180 1225 33 and and CC 5180 1225 34 statutory statutory JJ 5180 1225 35 obligations obligation NNS 5180 1225 36 . . . 5180 1226 1 ") ") `` 5180 1226 2 ; ; : 5180 1226 3 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1226 4 , , , 5180 1226 5 524 524 CD 5180 1226 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1226 7 at at IN 5180 1226 8 586 586 CD 5180 1226 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1226 10 " " `` 5180 1226 11 The the DT 5180 1226 12 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1226 13 's 's POS 5180 1226 14 mandate mandate NN 5180 1226 15 is be VBZ 5180 1226 16 to to TO 5180 1226 17 make make VB 5180 1226 18 esthetic esthetic JJ 5180 1226 19 judgments judgment NNS 5180 1226 20 , , , 5180 1226 21 and and CC 5180 1226 22 the the DT 5180 1226 23 inherently inherently RB 5180 1226 24 content content NN 5180 1226 25 - - HYPH 5180 1226 26 based base VBN 5180 1226 27 ' ' `` 5180 1226 28 excellence excellence NN 5180 1226 29 ' ' '' 5180 1226 30 threshold threshold NN 5180 1226 31 for for IN 5180 1226 32 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1226 33 support support NN 5180 1226 34 sets set VBZ 5180 1226 35 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1226 36 apart apart RB 5180 1226 37 from from IN 5180 1226 38 the the DT 5180 1226 39 subsidy subsidy NN 5180 1226 40 at at IN 5180 1226 41 issue issue NN 5180 1226 42 in in IN 5180 1226 43 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1226 44 – – : 5180 1226 45 which which WDT 5180 1226 46 was be VBD 5180 1226 47 available available JJ 5180 1226 48 to to IN 5180 1226 49 all all DT 5180 1226 50 student student NN 5180 1226 51 organizations organization NNS 5180 1226 52 that that WDT 5180 1226 53 were be VBD 5180 1226 54 ' ' `` 5180 1226 55 related relate VBN 5180 1226 56 to to IN 5180 1226 57 the the DT 5180 1226 58 educational educational JJ 5180 1226 59 purpose purpose NN 5180 1226 60 of of IN 5180 1226 61 the the DT 5180 1226 62 University University NNP 5180 1226 63 . . . 5180 1227 1 . . . 5180 1228 1 . . . 5180 1229 1 . . . 5180 1229 2 ' ' '' 5180 1229 3 " " '' 5180 1229 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1230 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1230 2 quoting quote VBG 5180 1230 3 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1230 4 , , , 5180 1230 5 515 515 CD 5180 1230 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1230 7 at at IN 5180 1230 8 824 824 CD 5180 1230 9 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1230 10 ; ; : 5180 1230 11 see see VB 5180 1230 12 also also RB 5180 1230 13 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1230 14 v. v. IN 5180 1230 15 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1230 16 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1230 17 Def Def NNP 5180 1230 18 . . . 5180 1231 1 & & CC 5180 1231 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1231 3 . . . 5180 1232 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1232 2 , , , 5180 1232 3 473 473 CD 5180 1232 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1232 5 788 788 CD 5180 1232 6 , , , 5180 1232 7 804 804 CD 5180 1232 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1232 9 1985 1985 CD 5180 1232 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1232 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1232 12 " " `` 5180 1232 13 The the DT 5180 1232 14 Government Government NNP 5180 1232 15 's 's POS 5180 1232 16 consistent consistent JJ 5180 1232 17 policy policy NN 5180 1232 18 has have VBZ 5180 1232 19 been be VBN 5180 1232 20 to to TO 5180 1232 21 limit limit VB 5180 1232 22 participation participation NN 5180 1232 23 in in IN 5180 1232 24 the the DT 5180 1232 25 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1232 26 Combined Combined NNP 5180 1232 27 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1232 28 Campaign Campaign NNP 5180 1232 29 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1232 30 to to TO 5180 1232 31 ' ' `` 5180 1232 32 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1232 33 ' ' '' 5180 1232 34 voluntary voluntary JJ 5180 1232 35 agencies agency NNS 5180 1232 36 and and CC 5180 1232 37 to to TO 5180 1232 38 require require VB 5180 1232 39 agencies agency NNS 5180 1232 40 seeking seek VBG 5180 1232 41 admission admission NN 5180 1232 42 to to TO 5180 1232 43 obtain obtain VB 5180 1232 44 permission permission NN 5180 1232 45 from from IN 5180 1232 46 federal federal JJ 5180 1232 47 and and CC 5180 1232 48 local local JJ 5180 1232 49 Campaign campaign NN 5180 1232 50 officials official NNS 5180 1232 51 . . . 5180 1233 1 . . . 5180 1234 1 . . . 5180 1235 1 . . . 5180 1236 1 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1236 2 T]here T]here NNP 5180 1236 3 is be VBZ 5180 1236 4 no no DT 5180 1236 5 evidence evidence NN 5180 1236 6 suggesting suggest VBG 5180 1236 7 that that IN 5180 1236 8 the the DT 5180 1236 9 granting granting NN 5180 1236 10 of of IN 5180 1236 11 the the DT 5180 1236 12 requisite requisite JJ 5180 1236 13 permission permission NN 5180 1236 14 is be VBZ 5180 1236 15 merely merely RB 5180 1236 16 ministerial ministerial JJ 5180 1236 17 . . . 5180 1236 18 " " '' 5180 1236 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1236 20 . . . 5180 1237 1 The the DT 5180 1237 2 essence essence NN 5180 1237 3 of of IN 5180 1237 4 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1237 5 discretion discretion NN 5180 1237 6 requires require VBZ 5180 1237 7 the the DT 5180 1237 8 exercise exercise NN 5180 1237 9 of of IN 5180 1237 10 professional professional JJ 5180 1237 11 judgment judgment NN 5180 1237 12 in in IN 5180 1237 13 examining examine VBG 5180 1237 14 the the DT 5180 1237 15 content content NN 5180 1237 16 that that WDT 5180 1237 17 the the DT 5180 1237 18 government government NN 5180 1237 19 singles single VBZ 5180 1237 20 out out RP 5180 1237 21 as as IN 5180 1237 22 speech speech NN 5180 1237 23 of of IN 5180 1237 24 particular particular JJ 5180 1237 25 value value NN 5180 1237 26 . . . 5180 1238 1 This this DT 5180 1238 2 exercise exercise NN 5180 1238 3 of of IN 5180 1238 4 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1238 5 discretion discretion NN 5180 1238 6 is be VBZ 5180 1238 7 evident evident JJ 5180 1238 8 in in IN 5180 1238 9 a a DT 5180 1238 10 library library NN 5180 1238 11 's 's POS 5180 1238 12 decision decision NN 5180 1238 13 to to TO 5180 1238 14 acquire acquire VB 5180 1238 15 certain certain JJ 5180 1238 16 books book NNS 5180 1238 17 for for IN 5180 1238 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1238 19 collection collection NN 5180 1238 20 . . . 5180 1239 1 As as IN 5180 1239 2 the the DT 5180 1239 3 government government NN 5180 1239 4 's 's POS 5180 1239 5 experts expert NNS 5180 1239 6 in in IN 5180 1239 7 library library NN 5180 1239 8 science science NN 5180 1239 9 testified testify VBD 5180 1239 10 , , , 5180 1239 11 in in IN 5180 1239 12 selecting select VBG 5180 1239 13 a a DT 5180 1239 14 book book NN 5180 1239 15 for for IN 5180 1239 16 a a DT 5180 1239 17 library library NN 5180 1239 18 's 's POS 5180 1239 19 collection collection NN 5180 1239 20 , , , 5180 1239 21 librarians librarian NNS 5180 1239 22 evaluate evaluate VBP 5180 1239 23 the the DT 5180 1239 24 book book NN 5180 1239 25 's 's POS 5180 1239 26 quality quality NN 5180 1239 27 by by IN 5180 1239 28 reference reference NN 5180 1239 29 to to IN 5180 1239 30 a a DT 5180 1239 31 variety variety NN 5180 1239 32 of of IN 5180 1239 33 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1239 34 such such JJ 5180 1239 35 as as IN 5180 1239 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1239 37 accuracy accuracy NN 5180 1239 38 , , , 5180 1239 39 the the DT 5180 1239 40 title title NN 5180 1239 41 's 's POS 5180 1239 42 niche niche NN 5180 1239 43 in in IN 5180 1239 44 relation relation NN 5180 1239 45 to to IN 5180 1239 46 the the DT 5180 1239 47 rest rest NN 5180 1239 48 of of IN 5180 1239 49 the the DT 5180 1239 50 collection collection NN 5180 1239 51 , , , 5180 1239 52 the the DT 5180 1239 53 authority authority NN 5180 1239 54 of of IN 5180 1239 55 the the DT 5180 1239 56 author author NN 5180 1239 57 , , , 5180 1239 58 the the DT 5180 1239 59 publisher publisher NN 5180 1239 60 , , , 5180 1239 61 the the DT 5180 1239 62 work work NN 5180 1239 63 's 's POS 5180 1239 64 presentation presentation NN 5180 1239 65 , , , 5180 1239 66 and and CC 5180 1239 67 how how WRB 5180 1239 68 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1239 69 compares compare VBZ 5180 1239 70 with with IN 5180 1239 71 other other JJ 5180 1239 72 material material NN 5180 1239 73 available available JJ 5180 1239 74 in in IN 5180 1239 75 the the DT 5180 1239 76 same same JJ 5180 1239 77 genre genre NN 5180 1239 78 or or CC 5180 1239 79 on on IN 5180 1239 80 the the DT 5180 1239 81 same same JJ 5180 1239 82 subject subject NN 5180 1239 83 . . . 5180 1240 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1240 2 , , , 5180 1240 3 the the DT 5180 1240 4 content content NN 5180 1240 5 of of IN 5180 1240 6 every every DT 5180 1240 7 book book NN 5180 1240 8 that that WDT 5180 1240 9 a a DT 5180 1240 10 library library NN 5180 1240 11 acquires acquire NNS 5180 1240 12 has have VBZ 5180 1240 13 been be VBN 5180 1240 14 reviewed review VBN 5180 1240 15 by by IN 5180 1240 16 the the DT 5180 1240 17 library library NN 5180 1240 18 's 's POS 5180 1240 19 collection collection NN 5180 1240 20 development development NN 5180 1240 21 staff staff NN 5180 1240 22 or or CC 5180 1240 23 someone someone NN 5180 1240 24 to to TO 5180 1240 25 whom whom WP 5180 1240 26 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1240 27 have have VBP 5180 1240 28 delegated delegate VBN 5180 1240 29 the the DT 5180 1240 30 task task NN 5180 1240 31 , , , 5180 1240 32 and and CC 5180 1240 33 has have VBZ 5180 1240 34 been be VBN 5180 1240 35 judged judge VBN 5180 1240 36 to to TO 5180 1240 37 meet meet VB 5180 1240 38 the the DT 5180 1240 39 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1240 40 that that WDT 5180 1240 41 form form VBP 5180 1240 42 the the DT 5180 1240 43 basis basis NN 5180 1240 44 for for IN 5180 1240 45 the the DT 5180 1240 46 library library NN 5180 1240 47 's 's POS 5180 1240 48 collection collection NN 5180 1240 49 development development NN 5180 1240 50 policy policy NN 5180 1240 51 . . . 5180 1241 1 Although although IN 5180 1241 2 some some DT 5180 1241 3 public public JJ 5180 1241 4 libraries library NNS 5180 1241 5 use use VBP 5180 1241 6 " " `` 5180 1241 7 approval approval NN 5180 1241 8 plans plan NNS 5180 1241 9 " " '' 5180 1241 10 to to TO 5180 1241 11 delegate delegate VB 5180 1241 12 the the DT 5180 1241 13 collection collection NN 5180 1241 14 development development NN 5180 1241 15 to to IN 5180 1241 16 third third JJ 5180 1241 17 - - HYPH 5180 1241 18 party party NN 5180 1241 19 vendors vendor NNS 5180 1241 20 which which WDT 5180 1241 21 provide provide VBP 5180 1241 22 the the DT 5180 1241 23 library library NN 5180 1241 24 with with IN 5180 1241 25 recommended recommend VBN 5180 1241 26 materials material NNS 5180 1241 27 that that IN 5180 1241 28 the the DT 5180 1241 29 library library NN 5180 1241 30 is be VBZ 5180 1241 31 then then RB 5180 1241 32 free free JJ 5180 1241 33 to to TO 5180 1241 34 retain retain VB 5180 1241 35 or or CC 5180 1241 36 return return VB 5180 1241 37 to to IN 5180 1241 38 the the DT 5180 1241 39 vendor vendor NN 5180 1241 40 , , , 5180 1241 41 the the DT 5180 1241 42 same same JJ 5180 1241 43 principle principle NN 5180 1241 44 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1241 45 attains attain VBZ 5180 1241 46 . . . 5180 1242 1 In in IN 5180 1242 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1242 3 , , , 5180 1242 4 in in IN 5180 1242 5 providing provide VBG 5180 1242 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 1242 7 with with IN 5180 1242 8 even even RB 5180 1242 9 filtered filter VBN 5180 1242 10 Internet internet NN 5180 1242 11 access access NN 5180 1242 12 , , , 5180 1242 13 a a DT 5180 1242 14 public public JJ 5180 1242 15 library library NN 5180 1242 16 invites invite VBZ 5180 1242 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 1242 18 to to TO 5180 1242 19 access access NN 5180 1242 20 speech speech NN 5180 1242 21 whose whose WP$ 5180 1242 22 content content NN 5180 1242 23 has have VBZ 5180 1242 24 never never RB 5180 1242 25 been be VBN 5180 1242 26 reviewed review VBN 5180 1242 27 and and CC 5180 1242 28 recommended recommend VBN 5180 1242 29 as as RB 5180 1242 30 particularly particularly RB 5180 1242 31 valuable valuable JJ 5180 1242 32 by by IN 5180 1242 33 either either CC 5180 1242 34 a a DT 5180 1242 35 librarian librarian NN 5180 1242 36 or or CC 5180 1242 37 a a DT 5180 1242 38 third third JJ 5180 1242 39 party party NN 5180 1242 40 to to TO 5180 1242 41 whom whom WP 5180 1242 42 the the DT 5180 1242 43 library library NN 5180 1242 44 has have VBZ 5180 1242 45 delegated delegate VBN 5180 1242 46 collection collection NN 5180 1242 47 development development NN 5180 1242 48 decisions decision NNS 5180 1242 49 . . . 5180 1243 1 Although although IN 5180 1243 2 several several JJ 5180 1243 3 of of IN 5180 1243 4 the the DT 5180 1243 5 government government NN 5180 1243 6 's 's POS 5180 1243 7 librarian librarian JJ 5180 1243 8 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1243 9 who who WP 5180 1243 10 testified testify VBD 5180 1243 11 at at IN 5180 1243 12 trial trial NN 5180 1243 13 purport purport NN 5180 1243 14 to to TO 5180 1243 15 apply apply VB 5180 1243 16 the the DT 5180 1243 17 same same JJ 5180 1243 18 standards standard NNS 5180 1243 19 that that WDT 5180 1243 20 govern govern VBP 5180 1243 21 the the DT 5180 1243 22 library library NN 5180 1243 23 's 's POS 5180 1243 24 acquisition acquisition NN 5180 1243 25 of of IN 5180 1243 26 print print NN 5180 1243 27 materials material NNS 5180 1243 28 to to IN 5180 1243 29 the the DT 5180 1243 30 library library NN 5180 1243 31 's 's POS 5180 1243 32 provision provision NN 5180 1243 33 of of IN 5180 1243 34 Internet internet NN 5180 1243 35 access access NN 5180 1243 36 to to IN 5180 1243 37 patrons patron NNS 5180 1243 38 , , , 5180 1243 39 when when WRB 5180 1243 40 public public JJ 5180 1243 41 libraries library NNS 5180 1243 42 provide provide VBP 5180 1243 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1243 44 patrons patron NNS 5180 1243 45 with with IN 5180 1243 46 Internet internet NN 5180 1243 47 access access NN 5180 1243 48 , , , 5180 1243 49 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1243 50 intentionally intentionally RB 5180 1243 51 open open VBP 5180 1243 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1243 53 doors door NNS 5180 1243 54 to to IN 5180 1243 55 vast vast JJ 5180 1243 56 amounts amount NNS 5180 1243 57 of of IN 5180 1243 58 speech speech NN 5180 1243 59 that that WDT 5180 1243 60 clearly clearly RB 5180 1243 61 lacks lack VBZ 5180 1243 62 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 1243 63 quality quality NN 5180 1243 64 to to TO 5180 1243 65 ever ever RB 5180 1243 66 be be VB 5180 1243 67 considered consider VBN 5180 1243 68 for for IN 5180 1243 69 the the DT 5180 1243 70 library library NN 5180 1243 71 's 's POS 5180 1243 72 print print NN 5180 1243 73 collection collection NN 5180 1243 74 . . . 5180 1244 1 Unless unless IN 5180 1244 2 a a DT 5180 1244 3 library library NN 5180 1244 4 allows allow VBZ 5180 1244 5 access access NN 5180 1244 6 to to IN 5180 1244 7 only only RB 5180 1244 8 those those DT 5180 1244 9 sites site NNS 5180 1244 10 that that WDT 5180 1244 11 have have VBP 5180 1244 12 been be VBN 5180 1244 13 preselected preselecte VBN 5180 1244 14 as as IN 5180 1244 15 having have VBG 5180 1244 16 particular particular JJ 5180 1244 17 value value NN 5180 1244 18 , , , 5180 1244 19 a a DT 5180 1244 20 method method NN 5180 1244 21 that that WDT 5180 1244 22 , , , 5180 1244 23 as as IN 5180 1244 24 noted note VBN 5180 1244 25 above above RB 5180 1244 26 , , , 5180 1244 27 was be VBD 5180 1244 28 tried try VBN 5180 1244 29 and and CC 5180 1244 30 rejected reject VBN 5180 1244 31 by by IN 5180 1244 32 the the DT 5180 1244 33 Westerville Westerville NNP 5180 1244 34 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 1244 35 Public Public NNP 5180 1244 36 Library Library NNP 5180 1244 37 , , , 5180 1244 38 see see VB 5180 1244 39 supra supra NNP 5180 1244 40 at at IN 5180 1244 41 46 46 CD 5180 1244 42 - - SYM 5180 1244 43 47 47 CD 5180 1244 44 , , , 5180 1244 45 even even RB 5180 1244 46 a a DT 5180 1244 47 library library NN 5180 1244 48 that that WDT 5180 1244 49 uses use VBZ 5180 1244 50 software software NN 5180 1244 51 filters filter NNS 5180 1244 52 has have VBZ 5180 1244 53 opened open VBN 5180 1244 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1244 55 Internet internet NN 5180 1244 56 collection collection NN 5180 1244 57 " " '' 5180 1244 58 for for IN 5180 1244 59 indiscriminate indiscriminate JJ 5180 1244 60 use use NN 5180 1244 61 by by IN 5180 1244 62 the the DT 5180 1244 63 general general JJ 5180 1244 64 public public NN 5180 1244 65 . . . 5180 1244 66 " " '' 5180 1245 1 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1245 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1245 3 . . . 5180 1246 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1246 2 v. v. CC 5180 1246 3 Perry Perry NNP 5180 1246 4 Local Local NNP 5180 1246 5 Educs Educs NNP 5180 1246 6 . . . 5180 1247 1 Ass'n Ass'n NFP 5180 1247 2 , , , 5180 1247 3 460 460 CD 5180 1247 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1247 5 37 37 CD 5180 1247 6 , , , 5180 1247 7 47 47 CD 5180 1247 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1247 9 1983 1983 CD 5180 1247 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1247 11 . . . 5180 1248 1 " " `` 5180 1248 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1248 3 M]ost m]ost NN 5180 1248 4 Internet internet NN 5180 1248 5 forums forum NNS 5180 1248 6 – – : 5180 1248 7 including include VBG 5180 1248 8 chat chat NN 5180 1248 9 rooms room NNS 5180 1248 10 , , , 5180 1248 11 newsgroups newsgroup NNS 5180 1248 12 , , , 5180 1248 13 mail mail NN 5180 1248 14 exploders exploder NNS 5180 1248 15 , , , 5180 1248 16 and and CC 5180 1248 17 the the DT 5180 1248 18 Web web NN 5180 1248 19 – – : 5180 1248 20 are be VBP 5180 1248 21 open open JJ 5180 1248 22 to to IN 5180 1248 23 all all DT 5180 1248 24 comers comer NNS 5180 1248 25 . . . 5180 1248 26 " " '' 5180 1249 1 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1249 2 v. v. CC 5180 1249 3 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 1249 4 , , , 5180 1249 5 521 521 CD 5180 1249 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1249 7 844 844 CD 5180 1249 8 , , , 5180 1249 9 880 880 CD 5180 1249 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1249 11 1997 1997 CD 5180 1249 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1249 13 . . . 5180 1250 1 The the DT 5180 1250 2 fundamental fundamental JJ 5180 1250 3 difference difference NN 5180 1250 4 between between IN 5180 1250 5 a a DT 5180 1250 6 library library NN 5180 1250 7 's 's POS 5180 1250 8 print print NN 5180 1250 9 collection collection NN 5180 1250 10 and and CC 5180 1250 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1250 12 provision provision NN 5180 1250 13 of of IN 5180 1250 14 Internet internet NN 5180 1250 15 access access NN 5180 1250 16 is be VBZ 5180 1250 17 illustrated illustrate VBN 5180 1250 18 by by IN 5180 1250 19 comparing compare VBG 5180 1250 20 the the DT 5180 1250 21 extent extent NN 5180 1250 22 to to TO 5180 1250 23 which which WDT 5180 1250 24 the the DT 5180 1250 25 library library NN 5180 1250 26 opens open VBZ 5180 1250 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1250 28 print print NN 5180 1250 29 collection collection NN 5180 1250 30 to to IN 5180 1250 31 members member NNS 5180 1250 32 of of IN 5180 1250 33 the the DT 5180 1250 34 public public NN 5180 1250 35 to to TO 5180 1250 36 speak speak VB 5180 1250 37 on on IN 5180 1250 38 a a DT 5180 1250 39 given give VBN 5180 1250 40 topic topic NN 5180 1250 41 and and CC 5180 1250 42 the the DT 5180 1250 43 extent extent NN 5180 1250 44 to to TO 5180 1250 45 which which WDT 5180 1250 46 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1250 47 opens open VBZ 5180 1250 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1250 49 Internet internet NN 5180 1250 50 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1250 51 to to IN 5180 1250 52 members member NNS 5180 1250 53 of of IN 5180 1250 54 the the DT 5180 1250 55 public public NN 5180 1250 56 to to TO 5180 1250 57 speak speak VB 5180 1250 58 on on IN 5180 1250 59 a a DT 5180 1250 60 given give VBN 5180 1250 61 topic topic NN 5180 1250 62 . . . 5180 1251 1 When when WRB 5180 1251 2 a a DT 5180 1251 3 public public JJ 5180 1251 4 library library NN 5180 1251 5 chooses choose NNS 5180 1251 6 to to TO 5180 1251 7 carry carry VB 5180 1251 8 books book NNS 5180 1251 9 on on IN 5180 1251 10 a a DT 5180 1251 11 selected select VBN 5180 1251 12 topic topic NN 5180 1251 13 , , , 5180 1251 14 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 1252 1 chemistry chemistry NN 5180 1252 2 , , , 5180 1252 3 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1252 4 does do VBZ 5180 1252 5 not not RB 5180 1252 6 open open VB 5180 1252 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1252 8 print print NN 5180 1252 9 collection collection NN 5180 1252 10 to to IN 5180 1252 11 any any DT 5180 1252 12 member member NN 5180 1252 13 of of IN 5180 1252 14 the the DT 5180 1252 15 public public NN 5180 1252 16 who who WP 5180 1252 17 wishes wish VBZ 5180 1252 18 to to TO 5180 1252 19 write write VB 5180 1252 20 about about IN 5180 1252 21 chemistry chemistry NN 5180 1252 22 . . . 5180 1253 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1253 2 , , , 5180 1253 3 out out IN 5180 1253 4 of of IN 5180 1253 5 the the DT 5180 1253 6 myriad myriad NN 5180 1253 7 of of IN 5180 1253 8 books book NNS 5180 1253 9 that that WDT 5180 1253 10 have have VBP 5180 1253 11 ever ever RB 5180 1253 12 been be VBN 5180 1253 13 written write VBN 5180 1253 14 on on IN 5180 1253 15 chemistry chemistry NN 5180 1253 16 , , , 5180 1253 17 each each DT 5180 1253 18 book book NN 5180 1253 19 on on IN 5180 1253 20 chemistry chemistry NN 5180 1253 21 that that IN 5180 1253 22 the the DT 5180 1253 23 library library NN 5180 1253 24 carries carry VBZ 5180 1253 25 has have VBZ 5180 1253 26 been be VBN 5180 1253 27 reviewed review VBN 5180 1253 28 and and CC 5180 1253 29 selected select VBN 5180 1253 30 because because IN 5180 1253 31 the the DT 5180 1253 32 person person NN 5180 1253 33 reviewing review VBG 5180 1253 34 the the DT 5180 1253 35 book book NN 5180 1253 36 , , , 5180 1253 37 in in IN 5180 1253 38 the the DT 5180 1253 39 exercise exercise NN 5180 1253 40 of of IN 5180 1253 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1253 42 or or CC 5180 1253 43 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1253 44 professional professional JJ 5180 1253 45 judgment judgment NN 5180 1253 46 , , , 5180 1253 47 has have VBZ 5180 1253 48 deemed deem VBN 5180 1253 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1253 50 content content NN 5180 1253 51 to to TO 5180 1253 52 be be VB 5180 1253 53 particularly particularly RB 5180 1253 54 valuable valuable JJ 5180 1253 55 . . . 5180 1254 1 In in IN 5180 1254 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1254 3 , , , 5180 1254 4 when when WRB 5180 1254 5 a a DT 5180 1254 6 public public JJ 5180 1254 7 library library NN 5180 1254 8 provides provide VBZ 5180 1254 9 Internet internet NN 5180 1254 10 access access NN 5180 1254 11 , , , 5180 1254 12 even even RB 5180 1254 13 filtered filter VBN 5180 1254 14 Internet internet NN 5180 1254 15 access access NN 5180 1254 16 , , , 5180 1254 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1254 18 has have VBZ 5180 1254 19 created create VBN 5180 1254 20 a a DT 5180 1254 21 forum forum NN 5180 1254 22 open open JJ 5180 1254 23 to to IN 5180 1254 24 any any DT 5180 1254 25 member member NN 5180 1254 26 of of IN 5180 1254 27 the the DT 5180 1254 28 public public NN 5180 1254 29 who who WP 5180 1254 30 writes write VBZ 5180 1254 31 about about IN 5180 1254 32 chemistry chemistry NN 5180 1254 33 on on IN 5180 1254 34 the the DT 5180 1254 35 Internet internet NN 5180 1254 36 , , , 5180 1254 37 regardless regardless RB 5180 1254 38 of of IN 5180 1254 39 how how WRB 5180 1254 40 unscientific unscientific JJ 5180 1254 41 the the DT 5180 1254 42 author author NN 5180 1254 43 's 's POS 5180 1254 44 methods method NNS 5180 1254 45 or or CC 5180 1254 46 of of IN 5180 1254 47 how how WRB 5180 1254 48 patently patently RB 5180 1254 49 false false JJ 5180 1254 50 the the DT 5180 1254 51 author author NN 5180 1254 52 's 's POS 5180 1254 53 conclusions conclusion NNS 5180 1254 54 are be VBP 5180 1254 55 , , , 5180 1254 56 regardless regardless RB 5180 1254 57 of of IN 5180 1254 58 the the DT 5180 1254 59 author author NN 5180 1254 60 's 's POS 5180 1254 61 reputation reputation NN 5180 1254 62 or or CC 5180 1254 63 grammar grammar NN 5180 1254 64 , , , 5180 1254 65 and and CC 5180 1254 66 regardless regardless RB 5180 1254 67 of of IN 5180 1254 68 the the DT 5180 1254 69 reviews review NNS 5180 1254 70 of of IN 5180 1254 71 the the DT 5180 1254 72 scientific scientific JJ 5180 1254 73 community community NN 5180 1254 74 . . . 5180 1255 1 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 5180 1255 2 protestations protestation NNS 5180 1255 3 in in IN 5180 1255 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1255 5 's 's POS 5180 1255 6 legislative legislative JJ 5180 1255 7 history history NN 5180 1255 8 to to IN 5180 1255 9 the the DT 5180 1255 10 contrary contrary NN 5180 1255 11 , , , 5180 1255 12 members member NNS 5180 1255 13 of of IN 5180 1255 14 the the DT 5180 1255 15 general general JJ 5180 1255 16 public public NN 5180 1255 17 do do VBP 5180 1255 18 define define VB 5180 1255 19 the the DT 5180 1255 20 content content NN 5180 1255 21 that that IN 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few few JJ 5180 1256 27 musings musing NNS 5180 1256 28 on on IN 5180 1256 29 any any DT 5180 1256 30 subject subject NN 5180 1256 31 under under IN 5180 1256 32 the the DT 5180 1256 33 sun sun NN 5180 1256 34 , , , 5180 1256 35 and and CC 5180 1256 36 tomorrow tomorrow NN 5180 1256 37 those those DT 5180 1256 38 musings musing NNS 5180 1256 39 would would MD 5180 1256 40 become become VB 5180 1256 41 part part NN 5180 1256 42 of of IN 5180 1256 43 public public JJ 5180 1256 44 libraries library NNS 5180 1256 45 ' ' POS 5180 1256 46 online online JJ 5180 1256 47 offerings offering NNS 5180 1256 48 and and CC 5180 1256 49 be be VB 5180 1256 50 available available JJ 5180 1256 51 to to IN 5180 1256 52 any any DT 5180 1256 53 library library NN 5180 1256 54 patron patron NN 5180 1256 55 who who WP 5180 1256 56 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1256 57 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1256 58 out out RP 5180 1256 59 . . . 5180 1257 1 In in IN 5180 1257 2 providing provide VBG 5180 1257 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1257 4 patrons patron NNS 5180 1257 5 with with IN 5180 1257 6 Internet internet NN 5180 1257 7 access access NN 5180 1257 8 , , , 5180 1257 9 a a DT 5180 1257 10 public public JJ 5180 1257 11 library library NN 5180 1257 12 creates create VBZ 5180 1257 13 a a DT 5180 1257 14 forum forum NN 5180 1257 15 for for IN 5180 1257 16 the the DT 5180 1257 17 facilitation facilitation NN 5180 1257 18 of of IN 5180 1257 19 speech speech NN 5180 1257 20 , , , 5180 1257 21 almost almost RB 5180 1257 22 none none NN 5180 1257 23 of of IN 5180 1257 24 which which WDT 5180 1257 25 either either CC 5180 1257 26 the the DT 5180 1257 27 library library NN 5180 1257 28 's 's POS 5180 1257 29 collection collection NN 5180 1257 30 development development NN 5180 1257 31 staff staff NN 5180 1257 32 or or CC 5180 1257 33 even even RB 5180 1257 34 the the DT 5180 1257 35 filtering filter VBG 5180 1257 36 companies company NNS 5180 1257 37 have have VBP 5180 1257 38 ever ever RB 5180 1257 39 reviewed review VBN 5180 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37 . . . 5180 1259 1 The the DT 5180 1259 2 filtering filter VBG 5180 1259 3 companies company NNS 5180 1259 4 ' ' POS 5180 1259 5 harvesting harvesting NN 5180 1259 6 process process NN 5180 1259 7 , , , 5180 1259 8 described describe VBN 5180 1259 9 in in IN 5180 1259 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1259 11 findings finding NNS 5180 1259 12 of of IN 5180 1259 13 fact fact NN 5180 1259 14 , , , 5180 1259 15 is be VBZ 5180 1259 16 intended intend VBN 5180 1259 17 to to TO 5180 1259 18 identify identify VB 5180 1259 19 only only RB 5180 1259 20 a a DT 5180 1259 21 small small JJ 5180 1259 22 fraction fraction NN 5180 1259 23 of of IN 5180 1259 24 Web web NN 5180 1259 25 sites site NNS 5180 1259 26 for for IN 5180 1259 27 the the DT 5180 1259 28 filtering filter VBG 5180 1259 29 companies company NNS 5180 1259 30 to to TO 5180 1259 31 review review VB 5180 1259 32 . . . 5180 1260 1 Put put VB 5180 1260 2 simply simply RB 5180 1260 3 , , , 5180 1260 4 the the DT 5180 1260 5 state state NN 5180 1260 6 can can MD 5180 1260 7 not not RB 5180 1260 8 be be VB 5180 1260 9 said say VBN 5180 1260 10 to to TO 5180 1260 11 be be VB 5180 1260 12 exercising exercise VBG 5180 1260 13 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1260 14 discretion discretion NN 5180 1260 15 permitted permit VBN 5180 1260 16 under under IN 5180 1260 17 the the DT 5180 1260 18 First First NNP 5180 1260 19 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1260 20 when when WRB 5180 1260 21 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1260 22 indiscriminately indiscriminately RB 5180 1260 23 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1260 24 private private JJ 5180 1260 25 speech speech NN 5180 1260 26 whose whose WP$ 5180 1260 27 content content NN 5180 1260 28 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1260 29 makes make VBZ 5180 1260 30 no no DT 5180 1260 31 effort effort NN 5180 1260 32 to to TO 5180 1260 33 examine examine VB 5180 1260 34 . . . 5180 1261 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1261 2 . . . 5180 1262 1 Bell Bell NNP 5180 1262 2 , , , 5180 1262 3 supra supra NNP 5180 1262 4 , , , 5180 1262 5 at at IN 5180 1262 6 226 226 CD 5180 1262 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1262 8 " " `` 5180 1262 9 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1262 10 C]ourts C]ourts NNP 5180 1262 11 should should MD 5180 1262 12 take take VB 5180 1262 13 a a DT 5180 1262 14 much much RB 5180 1262 15 more more RBR 5180 1262 16 jaundiced jaundiced JJ 5180 1262 17 view view NN 5180 1262 18 of of IN 5180 1262 19 library library JJ 5180 1262 20 policies policy NNS 5180 1262 21 that that WDT 5180 1262 22 block block VBP 5180 1262 23 Internet internet NN 5180 1262 24 access access NN 5180 1262 25 to to IN 5180 1262 26 a a DT 5180 1262 27 very very RB 5180 1262 28 limited limited JJ 5180 1262 29 array array NN 5180 1262 30 of of IN 5180 1262 31 subjects subject NNS 5180 1262 32 than than IN 5180 1262 33 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1262 34 take take VBP 5180 1262 35 of of IN 5180 1262 36 library library JJ 5180 1262 37 policies policy NNS 5180 1262 38 that that WDT 5180 1262 39 reserve reserve VBP 5180 1262 40 Internet internet NN 5180 1262 41 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1262 42 for for IN 5180 1262 43 very very RB 5180 1262 44 limited limited JJ 5180 1262 45 use use NN 5180 1262 46 . . . 5180 1262 47 " " '' 5180 1262 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1262 49 . . . 5180 1263 1 While while IN 5180 1263 2 the the DT 5180 1263 3 First First NNP 5180 1263 4 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1263 5 permits permit VBZ 5180 1263 6 the the DT 5180 1263 7 government government NN 5180 1263 8 to to TO 5180 1263 9 exercise exercise VB 5180 1263 10 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1263 11 discretion discretion NN 5180 1263 12 in in IN 5180 1263 13 singling single VBG 5180 1263 14 out out RP 5180 1263 15 particularly particularly RB 5180 1263 16 favored favor VBN 5180 1263 17 speech speech NN 5180 1263 18 for for IN 5180 1263 19 subsidization subsidization NN 5180 1263 20 or or CC 5180 1263 21 inclusion inclusion NN 5180 1263 22 in in IN 5180 1263 23 a a DT 5180 1263 24 state state NN 5180 1263 25 - - HYPH 5180 1263 26 created create VBN 5180 1263 27 forum forum NN 5180 1263 28 , , , 5180 1263 29 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1263 30 believe believe VBP 5180 1263 31 that that IN 5180 1263 32 where where WRB 5180 1263 33 the the DT 5180 1263 34 state state NN 5180 1263 35 provides provide VBZ 5180 1263 36 access access NN 5180 1263 37 to to IN 5180 1263 38 a a DT 5180 1263 39 " " `` 5180 1263 40 vast vast JJ 5180 1263 41 democratic democratic JJ 5180 1263 42 forum forum NN 5180 1263 43 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1263 44 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1263 45 , , , 5180 1263 46 " " `` 5180 1263 47 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1263 48 , , , 5180 1263 49 521 521 CD 5180 1263 50 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1263 51 at at IN 5180 1263 52 868 868 CD 5180 1263 53 , , , 5180 1263 54 open open JJ 5180 1263 55 to to IN 5180 1263 56 any any DT 5180 1263 57 member member NN 5180 1263 58 of of IN 5180 1263 59 the the DT 5180 1263 60 public public NN 5180 1263 61 to to TO 5180 1263 62 speak speak VB 5180 1263 63 on on IN 5180 1263 64 subjects subject NNS 5180 1263 65 " " '' 5180 1263 66 as as RB 5180 1263 67 diverse diverse JJ 5180 1263 68 as as IN 5180 1263 69 human human JJ 5180 1263 70 thought thought NN 5180 1263 71 , , , 5180 1263 72 " " '' 5180 1263 73 i -PRON- PRP 5180 1263 74 d d VBN 5180 1263 75 . . . 5180 1264 1 at at IN 5180 1264 2 870 870 CD 5180 1264 3 , , , 5180 1264 4 and and CC 5180 1264 5 then then RB 5180 1264 6 selectively selectively RB 5180 1264 7 excludes exclude VBZ 5180 1264 8 from from IN 5180 1264 9 the the DT 5180 1264 10 forum forum NN 5180 1264 11 certain certain JJ 5180 1264 12 speech speech NN 5180 1264 13 on on IN 5180 1264 14 the the DT 5180 1264 15 basis basis NN 5180 1264 16 of of IN 5180 1264 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1264 18 content content NN 5180 1264 19 , , , 5180 1264 20 such such JJ 5180 1264 21 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1264 22 are be VBP 5180 1264 23 subject subject JJ 5180 1264 24 to to IN 5180 1264 25 strict strict JJ 5180 1264 26 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1264 27 . . . 5180 1265 1 These these DT 5180 1265 2 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1265 3 risk risk NN 5180 1265 4 fundamentally fundamentally RB 5180 1265 5 distorting distort VBG 5180 1265 6 the the DT 5180 1265 7 unique unique JJ 5180 1265 8 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 1265 9 of of IN 5180 1265 10 ideas idea NNS 5180 1265 11 that that WDT 5180 1265 12 public public JJ 5180 1265 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1265 14 create create VBP 5180 1265 15 when when WRB 5180 1265 16 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1265 17 open open VBP 5180 1265 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1265 19 collections collection NNS 5180 1265 20 , , , 5180 1265 21 via via IN 5180 1265 22 the the DT 5180 1265 23 Internet internet NN 5180 1265 24 , , , 5180 1265 25 to to IN 5180 1265 26 the the DT 5180 1265 27 speech speech NN 5180 1265 28 of of IN 5180 1265 29 millions million NNS 5180 1265 30 of of IN 5180 1265 31 individuals individual NNS 5180 1265 32 around around IN 5180 1265 33 the the DT 5180 1265 34 world world NN 5180 1265 35 on on IN 5180 1265 36 a a DT 5180 1265 37 virtually virtually RB 5180 1265 38 limitless limitless JJ 5180 1265 39 number number NN 5180 1265 40 of of IN 5180 1265 41 subjects subject NNS 5180 1265 42 . . . 5180 1266 1 A a DT 5180 1266 2 public public JJ 5180 1266 3 library library NN 5180 1266 4 's 's POS 5180 1266 5 content content NN 5180 1266 6 - - HYPH 5180 1266 7 based base VBN 5180 1266 8 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1266 9 on on IN 5180 1266 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1266 11 ' ' POS 5180 1266 12 Internet internet NN 5180 1266 13 access access NN 5180 1266 14 thus thus RB 5180 1266 15 resemble resemble VBP 5180 1266 16 the the DT 5180 1266 17 content content NN 5180 1266 18 - - HYPH 5180 1266 19 based base VBN 5180 1266 20 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1266 21 on on IN 5180 1266 22 speech speech NN 5180 1266 23 subsidized subsidize VBN 5180 1266 24 by by IN 5180 1266 25 the the DT 5180 1266 26 government government NN 5180 1266 27 , , , 5180 1266 28 whether whether IN 5180 1266 29 through through IN 5180 1266 30 direct direct JJ 5180 1266 31 funding funding NN 5180 1266 32 or or CC 5180 1266 33 through through IN 5180 1266 34 the the DT 5180 1266 35 creation creation NN 5180 1266 36 of of IN 5180 1266 37 a a DT 5180 1266 38 designated designate VBN 5180 1266 39 public public JJ 5180 1266 40 forum forum NN 5180 1266 41 , , , 5180 1266 42 that that IN 5180 1266 43 the the DT 5180 1266 44 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1266 45 Court Court NNP 5180 1266 46 has have VBZ 5180 1266 47 subjected subject VBN 5180 1266 48 to to IN 5180 1266 49 strict strict JJ 5180 1266 50 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1266 51 , , , 5180 1266 52 as as IN 5180 1266 53 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1266 54 above above RB 5180 1266 55 in in IN 5180 1266 56 Section section NN 5180 1266 57 IV.C. iv.c. NN 5180 1267 1 Although although IN 5180 1267 2 the the DT 5180 1267 3 government government NN 5180 1267 4 may may MD 5180 1267 5 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1267 6 a a DT 5180 1267 7 particular particular JJ 5180 1267 8 message message NN 5180 1267 9 representing represent VBG 5180 1267 10 the the DT 5180 1267 11 government government NN 5180 1267 12 's 's POS 5180 1267 13 viewpoint viewpoint NN 5180 1267 14 without without IN 5180 1267 15 having have VBG 5180 1267 16 to to TO 5180 1267 17 satisfy satisfy VB 5180 1267 18 strict strict JJ 5180 1267 19 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1267 20 , , , 5180 1267 21 see see VB 5180 1267 22 Rust Rust NNP 5180 1267 23 v. v. IN 5180 1267 24 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 5180 1267 25 , , , 5180 1267 26 500 500 CD 5180 1267 27 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1267 28 173 173 CD 5180 1267 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1267 30 1991 1991 CD 5180 1267 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1267 32 , , , 5180 1267 33 strict strict JJ 5180 1267 34 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1267 35 applies apply VBZ 5180 1267 36 to to IN 5180 1267 37 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1267 38 that that WDT 5180 1267 39 selectively selectively RB 5180 1267 40 exclude exclude VBP 5180 1267 41 particular particular JJ 5180 1267 42 viewpoints viewpoint NNS 5180 1267 43 from from IN 5180 1267 44 a a DT 5180 1267 45 public public JJ 5180 1267 46 forum forum NN 5180 1267 47 designed design VBN 5180 1267 48 to to TO 5180 1267 49 facilitate facilitate VB 5180 1267 50 a a DT 5180 1267 51 wide wide JJ 5180 1267 52 range range NN 5180 1267 53 of of IN 5180 1267 54 viewpoints viewpoint NNS 5180 1267 55 , , , 5180 1267 56 see see VB 5180 1267 57 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 1267 58 v. v. IN 5180 1267 59 Rector Rector NNP 5180 1267 60 & & CC 5180 1267 61 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 1267 62 of of IN 5180 1267 63 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1267 64 . . . 5180 1268 1 of of IN 5180 1268 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 1268 3 , , , 5180 1268 4 515 515 CD 5180 1268 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1268 6 819 819 CD 5180 1268 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1268 8 1995 1995 CD 5180 1268 9 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1268 10 . . . 5180 1269 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1269 2 , , , 5180 1269 3 although although IN 5180 1269 4 the the DT 5180 1269 5 state state NN 5180 1269 6 's 's POS 5180 1269 7 exercise exercise NN 5180 1269 8 of of IN 5180 1269 9 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1269 10 discretion discretion NN 5180 1269 11 in in IN 5180 1269 12 selecting select VBG 5180 1269 13 particular particular JJ 5180 1269 14 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1269 15 for for IN 5180 1269 16 participation participation NN 5180 1269 17 in in IN 5180 1269 18 a a DT 5180 1269 19 state state NN 5180 1269 20 - - HYPH 5180 1269 21 sponsored sponsor VBN 5180 1269 22 forum forum NN 5180 1269 23 is be VBZ 5180 1269 24 subject subject JJ 5180 1269 25 to to IN 5180 1269 26 rational rational JJ 5180 1269 27 basis basis NN 5180 1269 28 review review NN 5180 1269 29 , , , 5180 1269 30 see see VB 5180 1269 31 Ark. Arkansas NNP 5180 1270 1 Educ Educ NNS 5180 1270 2 . . . 5180 1271 1 Television television NN 5180 1271 2 Comm'n Comm'n NNP 5180 1271 3 v. v. CC 5180 1271 4 Forbes Forbes NNP 5180 1271 5 , , , 5180 1271 6 523 523 CD 5180 1271 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1271 8 666 666 CD 5180 1271 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1271 10 1998 1998 CD 5180 1271 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1271 12 , , , 5180 1271 13 selective selective JJ 5180 1271 14 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1271 15 of of IN 5180 1271 16 particular particular JJ 5180 1271 17 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1271 18 from from IN 5180 1271 19 a a DT 5180 1271 20 forum forum NN 5180 1271 21 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1271 22 open open JJ 5180 1271 23 to to IN 5180 1271 24 any any DT 5180 1271 25 member member NN 5180 1271 26 of of IN 5180 1271 27 the the DT 5180 1271 28 public public NN 5180 1271 29 to to TO 5180 1271 30 speak speak VB 5180 1271 31 are be VBP 5180 1271 32 subject subject JJ 5180 1271 33 to to IN 5180 1271 34 strict strict JJ 5180 1271 35 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1271 36 , , , 5180 1271 37 see see VB 5180 1271 38 City City NNP 5180 1271 39 of of IN 5180 1271 40 Madison Madison NNP 5180 1271 41 Joint Joint NNP 5180 1271 42 School School NNP 5180 1271 43 Dist Dist NNP 5180 1271 44 . . . 5180 1272 1 No no UH 5180 1272 2 . . . 5180 1273 1 8 8 CD 5180 1273 2 v. v. CC 5180 1273 3 Wis. Wisconsin NNP 5180 1273 4 Employment Employment NNP 5180 1273 5 Relations Relations NNPS 5180 1273 6 Comm'n Comm'n NNP 5180 1273 7 , , , 5180 1273 8 429 429 CD 5180 1273 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1273 10 167 167 CD 5180 1273 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1273 12 1976 1976 CD 5180 1273 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1273 14 . . . 5180 1274 1 And and CC 5180 1274 2 while while IN 5180 1274 3 the the DT 5180 1274 4 government government NN 5180 1274 5 may may MD 5180 1274 6 , , , 5180 1274 7 subject subject VB 5180 1274 8 only only RB 5180 1274 9 to to IN 5180 1274 10 rational rational JJ 5180 1274 11 basis basis NN 5180 1274 12 review review NN 5180 1274 13 , , , 5180 1274 14 make make VBP 5180 1274 15 content content NN 5180 1274 16 - - HYPH 5180 1274 17 based base VBN 5180 1274 18 decisions decision NNS 5180 1274 19 in in IN 5180 1274 20 selecting select VBG 5180 1274 21 works work NNS 5180 1274 22 of of IN 5180 1274 23 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1274 24 excellence excellence NN 5180 1274 25 to to TO 5180 1274 26 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1274 27 , , , 5180 1274 28 see see VB 5180 1274 29 NEA NEA NNP 5180 1274 30 v. v. IN 5180 1274 31 Finley Finley NNP 5180 1274 32 , , , 5180 1274 33 524 524 CD 5180 1274 34 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1274 35 569 569 CD 5180 1274 36 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1274 37 1998 1998 CD 5180 1274 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1274 39 , , , 5180 1274 40 the the DT 5180 1274 41 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1274 42 Court Court NNP 5180 1274 43 has have VBZ 5180 1274 44 applied apply VBN 5180 1274 45 heightened heightened JJ 5180 1274 46 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1274 47 where where WRB 5180 1274 48 the the DT 5180 1274 49 government government NN 5180 1274 50 opens open VBZ 5180 1274 51 a a DT 5180 1274 52 general general JJ 5180 1274 53 - - HYPH 5180 1274 54 purpose purpose NN 5180 1274 55 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1274 56 theater theater NN 5180 1274 57 for for IN 5180 1274 58 use use NN 5180 1274 59 by by IN 5180 1274 60 the the DT 5180 1274 61 public public NN 5180 1274 62 , , , 5180 1274 63 but but CC 5180 1274 64 selectively selectively RB 5180 1274 65 excludes exclude VBZ 5180 1274 66 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1274 67 content content NN 5180 1274 68 , , , 5180 1274 69 see see VB 5180 1274 70 Southeastern Southeastern NNP 5180 1274 71 Promotions Promotions NNP 5180 1274 72 , , , 5180 1274 73 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 5180 1274 74 v. v. IN 5180 1274 75 Conrad Conrad NNP 5180 1274 76 , , , 5180 1274 77 420 420 CD 5180 1274 78 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1274 79 546 546 CD 5180 1274 80 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1274 81 1975 1975 CD 5180 1274 82 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1274 83 , , , 5180 1274 84 where where WRB 5180 1274 85 the the DT 5180 1274 86 government government NN 5180 1274 87 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1274 88 the the DT 5180 1274 89 speech speech NN 5180 1274 90 of of IN 5180 1274 91 public public JJ 5180 1274 92 broadcasters broadcaster NNS 5180 1274 93 on on IN 5180 1274 94 a a DT 5180 1274 95 virtually virtually RB 5180 1274 96 limitless limitless JJ 5180 1274 97 number number NN 5180 1274 98 of of IN 5180 1274 99 topics topic NNS 5180 1274 100 , , , 5180 1274 101 but but CC 5180 1274 102 prohibits prohibit VBZ 5180 1274 103 editorializing editorialize VBG 5180 1274 104 , , , 5180 1274 105 see see VB 5180 1274 106 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1274 107 v. v. IN 5180 1274 108 League League NNP 5180 1274 109 of of IN 5180 1274 110 Women Women NNP 5180 1274 111 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 1274 112 of of IN 5180 1274 113 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1274 114 . . NNP 5180 1274 115 , , , 5180 1274 116 468 468 CD 5180 1274 117 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1274 118 364 364 CD 5180 1274 119 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1274 120 1984 1984 CD 5180 1274 121 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1274 122 , , , 5180 1274 123 and and CC 5180 1274 124 where where WRB 5180 1274 125 the the DT 5180 1274 126 government government NN 5180 1274 127 funds fund VBZ 5180 1274 128 a a DT 5180 1274 129 wide wide JJ 5180 1274 130 range range NN 5180 1274 131 of of IN 5180 1274 132 legal legal JJ 5180 1274 133 services service NNS 5180 1274 134 but but CC 5180 1274 135 restricts restrict NNS 5180 1274 136 funding funding NN 5180 1274 137 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1274 138 from from IN 5180 1274 139 challenging challenge VBG 5180 1274 140 welfare welfare NN 5180 1274 141 laws law NNS 5180 1274 142 , , , 5180 1274 143 see see VB 5180 1274 144 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1274 145 Servs Servs NNP 5180 1274 146 . . . 5180 1275 1 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 1275 2 v. v. IN 5180 1275 3 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1275 4 , , , 5180 1275 5 531 531 CD 5180 1275 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1275 7 533 533 CD 5180 1275 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1275 9 2001 2001 CD 5180 1275 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1275 11 . . . 5180 1276 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1276 2 , , , 5180 1276 3 where where WRB 5180 1276 4 a a DT 5180 1276 5 public public JJ 5180 1276 6 library library NN 5180 1276 7 opens open VBZ 5180 1276 8 a a DT 5180 1276 9 forum forum NN 5180 1276 10 to to IN 5180 1276 11 an an DT 5180 1276 12 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1276 13 number number NN 5180 1276 14 of of IN 5180 1276 15 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1276 16 around around IN 5180 1276 17 the the DT 5180 1276 18 world world NN 5180 1276 19 to to TO 5180 1276 20 speak speak VB 5180 1276 21 on on IN 5180 1276 22 an an DT 5180 1276 23 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1276 24 number number NN 5180 1276 25 of of IN 5180 1276 26 topics topic NNS 5180 1276 27 , , , 5180 1276 28 strict strict JJ 5180 1276 29 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1276 30 applies apply VBZ 5180 1276 31 to to IN 5180 1276 32 the the DT 5180 1276 33 library library NN 5180 1276 34 's 's POS 5180 1276 35 selective selective JJ 5180 1276 36 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1276 37 of of IN 5180 1276 38 particular particular JJ 5180 1276 39 speech speech NN 5180 1276 40 whose whose WP$ 5180 1276 41 content content NN 5180 1276 42 the the DT 5180 1276 43 library library NN 5180 1276 44 disfavors disfavor NNS 5180 1276 45 . . . 5180 1277 1 2 2 LS 5180 1277 2 . . . 5180 1278 1 Analogy analogy NN 5180 1278 2 to to IN 5180 1278 3 Traditional Traditional NNP 5180 1278 4 Public Public NNP 5180 1278 5 Fora Fora NNP 5180 1278 6 Application Application NNP 5180 1278 7 of of IN 5180 1278 8 strict strict JJ 5180 1278 9 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1278 10 to to IN 5180 1278 11 public public JJ 5180 1278 12 libraries library NNS 5180 1278 13 ' ' POS 5180 1278 14 use use NN 5180 1278 15 of of IN 5180 1278 16 software software NN 5180 1278 17 filters filter NNS 5180 1278 18 , , , 5180 1278 19 in in IN 5180 1278 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1278 21 view view NN 5180 1278 22 , , , 5180 1278 23 finds find VBZ 5180 1278 24 further further JJ 5180 1278 25 support support NN 5180 1278 26 in in IN 5180 1278 27 the the DT 5180 1278 28 extent extent NN 5180 1278 29 to to TO 5180 1278 30 which which WDT 5180 1278 31 public public JJ 5180 1278 32 libraries library NNS 5180 1278 33 ' ' POS 5180 1278 34 provision provision NN 5180 1278 35 of of IN 5180 1278 36 Internet internet NN 5180 1278 37 access access NN 5180 1278 38 promotes promote VBZ 5180 1278 39 First First NNP 5180 1278 40 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1278 41 values value NNS 5180 1278 42 in in IN 5180 1278 43 an an DT 5180 1278 44 analogous analogous JJ 5180 1278 45 manner manner NN 5180 1278 46 to to IN 5180 1278 47 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1278 48 public public JJ 5180 1278 49 fora fora NN 5180 1278 50 , , , 5180 1278 51 such such JJ 5180 1278 52 as as IN 5180 1278 53 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1278 54 and and CC 5180 1278 55 parks park NNS 5180 1278 56 , , , 5180 1278 57 in in IN 5180 1278 58 which which WDT 5180 1278 59 content content NN 5180 1278 60 - - HYPH 5180 1278 61 based base VBN 5180 1278 62 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1278 63 on on IN 5180 1278 64 speech speech NN 5180 1278 65 are be VBP 5180 1278 66 always always RB 5180 1278 67 subject subject JJ 5180 1278 68 to to IN 5180 1278 69 strict strict JJ 5180 1278 70 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1278 71 . . . 5180 1279 1 The the DT 5180 1279 2 public public JJ 5180 1279 3 library library NN 5180 1279 4 , , , 5180 1279 5 by by IN 5180 1279 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1279 7 very very JJ 5180 1279 8 nature nature NN 5180 1279 9 , , , 5180 1279 10 is be VBZ 5180 1279 11 " " `` 5180 1279 12 designed design VBN 5180 1279 13 for for IN 5180 1279 14 freewheeling freewheel VBG 5180 1279 15 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 1279 16 . . . 5180 1279 17 " " '' 5180 1280 1 Bd Bd NNP 5180 1280 2 . . . 5180 1281 1 of of IN 5180 1281 2 Education Education NNP 5180 1281 3 v. v. IN 5180 1281 4 Pico Pico NNP 5180 1281 5 , , , 5180 1281 6 457 457 CD 5180 1281 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1281 8 853 853 CD 5180 1281 9 , , , 5180 1281 10 915 915 CD 5180 1281 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1281 12 1982 1982 CD 5180 1281 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1281 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1281 15 Rehnquist Rehnquist NNP 5180 1281 16 , , , 5180 1281 17 J. J. NNP 5180 1281 18 , , , 5180 1281 19 dissenting dissent VBG 5180 1281 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1281 21 . . . 5180 1282 1 As as IN 5180 1282 2 such such JJ 5180 1282 3 , , , 5180 1282 4 the the DT 5180 1282 5 library library NN 5180 1282 6 is be VBZ 5180 1282 7 a a DT 5180 1282 8 " " `` 5180 1282 9 mighty mighty JJ 5180 1282 10 resource resource NN 5180 1282 11 in in IN 5180 1282 12 the the DT 5180 1282 13 free free JJ 5180 1282 14 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 1282 15 of of IN 5180 1282 16 ideas idea NNS 5180 1282 17 , , , 5180 1282 18 " " '' 5180 1282 19 Minarcini Minarcini NNP 5180 1282 20 v. v. IN 5180 1282 21 Strongsville Strongsville NNP 5180 1282 22 City City NNP 5180 1282 23 Sch Sch NNP 5180 1282 24 . . . 5180 1283 1 Dist Dist NNP 5180 1283 2 . . . 5180 1283 3 , , , 5180 1283 4 541 541 CD 5180 1283 5 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1283 6 577 577 CD 5180 1283 7 , , , 5180 1283 8 582 582 CD 5180 1283 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1283 10 6th 6th JJ 5180 1283 11 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1283 12 . . . 5180 1284 1 1976 1976 CD 5180 1284 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1284 3 , , , 5180 1284 4 and and CC 5180 1284 5 represents represent VBZ 5180 1284 6 a a DT 5180 1284 7 " " `` 5180 1284 8 quintessential quintessential JJ 5180 1284 9 locus locus NN 5180 1284 10 of of IN 5180 1284 11 the the DT 5180 1284 12 receipt receipt NN 5180 1284 13 of of IN 5180 1284 14 information information NN 5180 1284 15 . . . 5180 1284 16 " " '' 5180 1285 1 Kreimer Kreimer NNP 5180 1285 2 v. v. IN 5180 1285 3 Bureau Bureau NNP 5180 1285 4 of of IN 5180 1285 5 Police Police NNP 5180 1285 6 for for IN 5180 1285 7 Morristown Morristown NNP 5180 1285 8 , , , 5180 1285 9 958 958 CD 5180 1285 10 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1285 11 1242 1242 CD 5180 1285 12 , , , 5180 1285 13 1255 1255 CD 5180 1285 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1285 15 3d 3d NNP 5180 1285 16 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1285 17 . . . 5180 1286 1 1992 1992 CD 5180 1286 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1286 3 ; ; : 5180 1286 4 see see VB 5180 1286 5 also also RB 5180 1286 6 Sund Sund NNP 5180 1286 7 v. v. IN 5180 1286 8 City City NNP 5180 1286 9 of of IN 5180 1286 10 Wichita Wichita NNP 5180 1286 11 Falls Falls NNP 5180 1286 12 , , , 5180 1286 13 121 121 CD 5180 1286 14 F. F. NNP 5180 1286 15 Supp Supp NNP 5180 1286 16 . . . 5180 1287 1 2d 2d CD 5180 1287 2 530 530 CD 5180 1287 3 , , , 5180 1287 4 547 547 CD 5180 1287 5 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1287 6 N.D. North Dakota NNP 5180 1287 7 Tex Tex NNP 5180 1287 8 . . . 5180 1288 1 2000 2000 CD 5180 1288 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1288 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1288 4 " " `` 5180 1288 5 The the DT 5180 1288 6 right right NN 5180 1288 7 to to TO 5180 1288 8 receive receive VB 5180 1288 9 information information NN 5180 1288 10 is be VBZ 5180 1288 11 vigorously vigorously RB 5180 1288 12 enforced enforce VBN 5180 1288 13 in in IN 5180 1288 14 the the DT 5180 1288 15 context context NN 5180 1288 16 of of IN 5180 1288 17 a a DT 5180 1288 18 public public JJ 5180 1288 19 library library NN 5180 1288 20 . . . 5180 1289 1 . . . 5180 1290 1 . . . 5180 1291 1 . . . 5180 1292 1 ") ") `` 5180 1292 2 ; ; : 5180 1292 3 cf cf NN 5180 1292 4 . . . 5180 1293 1 Int'l Int'l NNPS 5180 1293 2 Soc'y Soc'y NNP 5180 1293 3 for for IN 5180 1293 4 Krishna Krishna NNP 5180 1293 5 Consciousness Consciousness NNP 5180 1293 6 , , , 5180 1293 7 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1293 8 v. v. IN 5180 1293 9 Lee Lee NNP 5180 1293 10 , , , 5180 1293 11 505 505 CD 5180 1293 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1293 13 672 672 CD 5180 1293 14 , , , 5180 1293 15 681 681 CD 5180 1293 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1293 17 1992 1992 CD 5180 1293 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1293 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1293 20 " " `` 5180 1293 21 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1293 22 A a NN 5180 1293 23 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1293 24 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1293 25 public public JJ 5180 1293 26 forum forum NN 5180 1293 27 is be VBZ 5180 1293 28 property property NN 5180 1293 29 that that WDT 5180 1293 30 has have VBZ 5180 1293 31 as as IN 5180 1293 32 ' ' '' 5180 1293 33 a a DT 5180 1293 34 principal principal JJ 5180 1293 35 purpose purpose NN 5180 1293 36 . . . 5180 1294 1 . . . 5180 1295 1 . . . 5180 1296 1 the the DT 5180 1296 2 free free JJ 5180 1296 3 exchange exchange NNP 5180 1296 4 of of IN 5180 1296 5 ideas idea NNS 5180 1296 6 . . . 5180 1296 7 ' ' '' 5180 1296 8 " " '' 5180 1296 9 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1297 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1297 2 quoting quote VBG 5180 1297 3 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 1297 4 v. v. IN 5180 1297 5 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 1297 6 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1297 7 Def Def NNP 5180 1297 8 . . . 5180 1298 1 & & CC 5180 1298 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1298 3 . . . 5180 1299 1 Fund Fund NNP 5180 1299 2 , , , 5180 1299 3 473 473 CD 5180 1299 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1299 5 788 788 CD 5180 1299 6 , , , 5180 1299 7 800 800 CD 5180 1299 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1299 9 1985 1985 CD 5180 1299 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1299 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1299 12 . . . 5180 1300 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1300 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 1300 3 that that IN 5180 1300 4 the the DT 5180 1300 5 provision provision NN 5180 1300 6 of of IN 5180 1300 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1300 8 access access NN 5180 1300 9 in in IN 5180 1300 10 a a DT 5180 1300 11 public public JJ 5180 1300 12 library library NN 5180 1300 13 does do VBZ 5180 1300 14 not not RB 5180 1300 15 enjoy enjoy VB 5180 1300 16 the the DT 5180 1300 17 historical historical JJ 5180 1300 18 pedigree pedigree NN 5180 1300 19 of of IN 5180 1300 20 streets street NNS 5180 1300 21 , , , 5180 1300 22 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1300 23 , , , 5180 1300 24 and and CC 5180 1300 25 parks park NNS 5180 1300 26 as as IN 5180 1300 27 a a DT 5180 1300 28 vehicle vehicle NN 5180 1300 29 of of IN 5180 1300 30 free free JJ 5180 1300 31 expression expression NN 5180 1300 32 . . . 5180 1301 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1301 2 , , , 5180 1301 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1301 4 believe believe VBP 5180 1301 5 that that IN 5180 1301 6 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1301 7 shares share VBZ 5180 1301 8 many many JJ 5180 1301 9 of of IN 5180 1301 10 the the DT 5180 1301 11 characteristics characteristic NNS 5180 1301 12 of of IN 5180 1301 13 these these DT 5180 1301 14 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1301 15 public public JJ 5180 1301 16 fora fora NN 5180 1301 17 that that WDT 5180 1301 18 uniquely uniquely RB 5180 1301 19 promote promote VB 5180 1301 20 First First NNP 5180 1301 21 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1301 22 values value NNS 5180 1301 23 and and CC 5180 1301 24 accordingly accordingly RB 5180 1301 25 warrant warrant VBP 5180 1301 26 application application NN 5180 1301 27 of of IN 5180 1301 28 strict strict JJ 5180 1301 29 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1301 30 to to IN 5180 1301 31 any any DT 5180 1301 32 content content NN 5180 1301 33 - - HYPH 5180 1301 34 based base VBN 5180 1301 35 restriction restriction NN 5180 1301 36 on on IN 5180 1301 37 speech speech NN 5180 1301 38 in in IN 5180 1301 39 these these DT 5180 1301 40 fora fora NNP 5180 1301 41 . . . 5180 1302 1 Regulation regulation NN 5180 1302 2 of of IN 5180 1302 3 speech speech NN 5180 1302 4 in in IN 5180 1302 5 streets street NNS 5180 1302 6 , , , 5180 1302 7 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1302 8 , , , 5180 1302 9 and and CC 5180 1302 10 parks park NNS 5180 1302 11 is be VBZ 5180 1302 12 subject subject JJ 5180 1302 13 to to IN 5180 1302 14 the the DT 5180 1302 15 highest high JJS 5180 1302 16 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1302 17 not not RB 5180 1302 18 simply simply RB 5180 1302 19 by by IN 5180 1302 20 virtue virtue NN 5180 1302 21 of of IN 5180 1302 22 history history NN 5180 1302 23 and and CC 5180 1302 24 tradition tradition NN 5180 1302 25 , , , 5180 1302 26 but but CC 5180 1302 27 also also RB 5180 1302 28 because because IN 5180 1302 29 the the DT 5180 1302 30 speech speech NN 5180 1302 31 - - HYPH 5180 1302 32 facilitating facilitate VBG 5180 1302 33 character character NN 5180 1302 34 of of IN 5180 1302 35 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1302 36 and and CC 5180 1302 37 parks park NNS 5180 1302 38 makes make VBZ 5180 1302 39 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1302 40 distinctly distinctly RB 5180 1302 41 deserving deserve VBG 5180 1302 42 of of IN 5180 1302 43 First First NNP 5180 1302 44 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1302 45 protection protection NN 5180 1302 46 . . . 5180 1303 1 Many many JJ 5180 1303 2 of of IN 5180 1303 3 these these DT 5180 1303 4 same same JJ 5180 1303 5 speech speech NN 5180 1303 6 - - HYPH 5180 1303 7 promoting promote VBG 5180 1303 8 features feature NNS 5180 1303 9 of of IN 5180 1303 10 the the DT 5180 1303 11 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1303 12 public public NNP 5180 1303 13 forum forum NN 5180 1303 14 appear appear VBP 5180 1303 15 in in IN 5180 1303 16 public public JJ 5180 1303 17 libraries library NNS 5180 1303 18 ' ' POS 5180 1303 19 provision provision NN 5180 1303 20 of of IN 5180 1303 21 Internet internet NN 5180 1303 22 access access NN 5180 1303 23 . . . 5180 1304 1 First first JJ 5180 1304 2 , , , 5180 1304 3 public public JJ 5180 1304 4 libraries library NNS 5180 1304 5 , , , 5180 1304 6 like like IN 5180 1304 7 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1304 8 and and CC 5180 1304 9 parks park NNS 5180 1304 10 , , , 5180 1304 11 are be VBP 5180 1304 12 generally generally RB 5180 1304 13 open open JJ 5180 1304 14 to to IN 5180 1304 15 any any DT 5180 1304 16 member member NN 5180 1304 17 of of IN 5180 1304 18 the the DT 5180 1304 19 public public NN 5180 1304 20 who who WP 5180 1304 21 wishes wish VBZ 5180 1304 22 to to TO 5180 1304 23 receive receive VB 5180 1304 24 the the DT 5180 1304 25 speech speech NN 5180 1304 26 that that WDT 5180 1304 27 these these DT 5180 1304 28 fora fora NNP 5180 1304 29 facilitate facilitate NN 5180 1304 30 , , , 5180 1304 31 subject subject JJ 5180 1304 32 only only RB 5180 1304 33 to to IN 5180 1304 34 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1304 35 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1304 36 . . . 5180 1305 1 See see VB 5180 1305 2 Kreimer Kreimer NNP 5180 1305 3 , , , 5180 1305 4 958 958 CD 5180 1305 5 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 1305 6 at at IN 5180 1305 7 1260 1260 CD 5180 1305 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1305 9 noting note VBG 5180 1305 10 that that IN 5180 1305 11 a a DT 5180 1305 12 public public JJ 5180 1305 13 library library NN 5180 1305 14 does do VBZ 5180 1305 15 not not RB 5180 1305 16 retain retain VB 5180 1305 17 unfettered unfettered JJ 5180 1305 18 discretion discretion NN 5180 1305 19 " " '' 5180 1305 20 to to TO 5180 1305 21 choose choose VB 5180 1305 22 whom whom WP 5180 1305 23 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1305 24 will will MD 5180 1305 25 permit permit VB 5180 1305 26 to to TO 5180 1305 27 enter enter VB 5180 1305 28 the the DT 5180 1305 29 Library Library NNP 5180 1305 30 , , , 5180 1305 31 " " '' 5180 1305 32 but but CC 5180 1305 33 upholding uphold VBG 5180 1305 34 the the DT 5180 1305 35 library library NN 5180 1305 36 's 's POS 5180 1305 37 right right NN 5180 1305 38 to to TO 5180 1305 39 exclude exclude VB 5180 1305 40 patrons patron NNS 5180 1305 41 who who WP 5180 1305 42 harass harass VBP 5180 1305 43 patrons patron NNS 5180 1305 44 or or CC 5180 1305 45 whose whose WP$ 5180 1305 46 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1305 47 personal personal JJ 5180 1305 48 hygiene hygiene NN 5180 1305 49 precludes preclude VBZ 5180 1305 50 the the DT 5180 1305 51 library library NN 5180 1305 52 's 's POS 5180 1305 53 use use NN 5180 1305 54 by by IN 5180 1305 55 other other JJ 5180 1305 56 patrons patron NNS 5180 1305 57 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1305 58 . . . 5180 1306 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1306 2 , , , 5180 1306 3 like like IN 5180 1306 4 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1306 5 public public JJ 5180 1306 6 fora fora NN 5180 1306 7 , , , 5180 1306 8 public public JJ 5180 1306 9 libraries library NNS 5180 1306 10 are be VBP 5180 1306 11 funded fund VBN 5180 1306 12 by by IN 5180 1306 13 taxpayers taxpayer NNS 5180 1306 14 and and CC 5180 1306 15 therefore therefore RB 5180 1306 16 do do VBP 5180 1306 17 not not RB 5180 1306 18 charge charge VB 5180 1306 19 members member NNS 5180 1306 20 of of IN 5180 1306 21 the the DT 5180 1306 22 public public JJ 5180 1306 23 each each DT 5180 1306 24 time time NN 5180 1306 25 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1306 26 use use VBP 5180 1306 27 the the DT 5180 1306 28 forum forum NN 5180 1306 29 . . . 5180 1307 1 The the DT 5180 1307 2 only only JJ 5180 1307 3 direct direct JJ 5180 1307 4 cost cost NN 5180 1307 5 to to IN 5180 1307 6 library library NN 5180 1307 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 1307 8 who who WP 5180 1307 9 wish wish VBP 5180 1307 10 to to TO 5180 1307 11 receive receive VB 5180 1307 12 information information NN 5180 1307 13 , , , 5180 1307 14 whether whether IN 5180 1307 15 via via IN 5180 1307 16 the the DT 5180 1307 17 Internet internet NN 5180 1307 18 or or CC 5180 1307 19 the the DT 5180 1307 20 library library NN 5180 1307 21 's 's POS 5180 1307 22 print print NN 5180 1307 23 collection collection NN 5180 1307 24 , , , 5180 1307 25 is be VBZ 5180 1307 26 the the DT 5180 1307 27 time time NN 5180 1307 28 spent spend VBD 5180 1307 29 reading read VBG 5180 1307 30 . . . 5180 1308 1 By by IN 5180 1308 2 providing provide VBG 5180 1308 3 Internet internet NN 5180 1308 4 access access NN 5180 1308 5 to to IN 5180 1308 6 millions million NNS 5180 1308 7 of of IN 5180 1308 8 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 1308 9 to to TO 5180 1308 10 whom whom WP 5180 1308 11 such such JJ 5180 1308 12 access access NN 5180 1308 13 would would MD 5180 1308 14 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1308 15 be be VB 5180 1308 16 unavailable unavailable JJ 5180 1308 17 , , , 5180 1308 18 public public JJ 5180 1308 19 libraries library NNS 5180 1308 20 play play VBP 5180 1308 21 a a DT 5180 1308 22 critical critical JJ 5180 1308 23 role role NN 5180 1308 24 in in IN 5180 1308 25 bridging bridge VBG 5180 1308 26 the the DT 5180 1308 27 digital digital JJ 5180 1308 28 divide divide NN 5180 1308 29 separating separate VBG 5180 1308 30 those those DT 5180 1308 31 with with IN 5180 1308 32 access access NN 5180 1308 33 to to IN 5180 1308 34 new new JJ 5180 1308 35 information information NN 5180 1308 36 technologies technology NNS 5180 1308 37 from from IN 5180 1308 38 those those DT 5180 1308 39 that that WDT 5180 1308 40 lack lack VBP 5180 1308 41 access access NN 5180 1308 42 . . . 5180 1309 1 See see VB 5180 1309 2 generally generally RB 5180 1309 3 National National NNP 5180 1309 4 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS 5180 1309 5 and and CC 5180 1309 6 Information Information NNP 5180 1309 7 Administration Administration NNP 5180 1309 8 , , , 5180 1309 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1309 10 Department Department NNP 5180 1309 11 of of IN 5180 1309 12 Commerce Commerce NNP 5180 1309 13 , , , 5180 1309 14 Falling fall VBG 5180 1309 15 Through through IN 5180 1309 16 the the DT 5180 1309 17 Net net NN 5180 1309 18 : : : 5180 1309 19 Defining define VBG 5180 1309 20 the the DT 5180 1309 21 Digital Digital NNP 5180 1309 22 Divide Divide NNP 5180 1309 23 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1309 24 1999 1999 CD 5180 1309 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1309 26 , , , 5180 1309 27 available available JJ 5180 1309 28 at at IN 5180 1309 29 http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fttn99/contents.html http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fttn99/contents.html ADD 5180 1309 30 . . . 5180 1310 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1310 2 . . . 5180 1311 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1311 2 , , , 5180 1311 3 531 531 CD 5180 1311 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1311 5 at at IN 5180 1311 6 546 546 CD 5180 1311 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1311 8 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 1311 9 a a DT 5180 1311 10 content content NN 5180 1311 11 - - HYPH 5180 1311 12 based base VBN 5180 1311 13 restriction restriction NN 5180 1311 14 on on IN 5180 1311 15 the the DT 5180 1311 16 speech speech NN 5180 1311 17 of of IN 5180 1311 18 federally federally RB 5180 1311 19 funded funded JJ 5180 1311 20 legal legal JJ 5180 1311 21 services service NNS 5180 1311 22 corporations corporation NNS 5180 1311 23 and and CC 5180 1311 24 noting note VBG 5180 1311 25 that that IN 5180 1311 26 given give VBN 5180 1311 27 the the DT 5180 1311 28 financial financial JJ 5180 1311 29 hardship hardship NN 5180 1311 30 of of IN 5180 1311 31 legal legal JJ 5180 1311 32 services service NNS 5180 1311 33 corporations corporation NNS 5180 1311 34 ' ' POS 5180 1311 35 clients client NNS 5180 1311 36 , , , 5180 1311 37 " " '' 5180 1311 38 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1311 39 t]he t]he NNP 5180 1311 40 restriction restriction NN 5180 1311 41 on on IN 5180 1311 42 speech speech NN 5180 1311 43 is be VBZ 5180 1311 44 even even RB 5180 1311 45 more more RBR 5180 1311 46 problematic problematic JJ 5180 1311 47 because because IN 5180 1311 48 in in IN 5180 1311 49 cases case NNS 5180 1311 50 where where WRB 5180 1311 51 the the DT 5180 1311 52 attorney attorney NN 5180 1311 53 withdraws withdraw VBZ 5180 1311 54 from from IN 5180 1311 55 a a DT 5180 1311 56 representation representation NN 5180 1311 57 , , , 5180 1311 58 the the DT 5180 1311 59 client client NN 5180 1311 60 is be VBZ 5180 1311 61 unlikely unlikely JJ 5180 1311 62 to to TO 5180 1311 63 find find VB 5180 1311 64 other other JJ 5180 1311 65 counsel counsel NN 5180 1311 66 " " '' 5180 1311 67 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1311 68 . . . 5180 1312 1 Public public JJ 5180 1312 2 libraries library NNS 5180 1312 3 that that WDT 5180 1312 4 provide provide VBP 5180 1312 5 Internet internet NN 5180 1312 6 access access NN 5180 1312 7 greatly greatly RB 5180 1312 8 expand expand VBP 5180 1312 9 the the DT 5180 1312 10 educational educational JJ 5180 1312 11 opportunities opportunity NNS 5180 1312 12 for for IN 5180 1312 13 millions million NNS 5180 1312 14 of of IN 5180 1312 15 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 1312 16 who who WP 5180 1312 17 , , , 5180 1312 18 as as IN 5180 1312 19 explained explain VBN 5180 1312 20 in in IN 5180 1312 21 the the DT 5180 1312 22 margin margin NN 5180 1312 23 , , , 5180 1312 24 would would MD 5180 1312 25 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1312 26 be be VB 5180 1312 27 deprived deprive VBN 5180 1312 28 of of IN 5180 1312 29 the the DT 5180 1312 30 benefits benefit NNS 5180 1312 31 of of IN 5180 1312 32 this this DT 5180 1312 33 new new JJ 5180 1312 34 medium medium NN 5180 1312 35 . . . 5180 1313 1 Just just RB 5180 1313 2 as as RB 5180 1313 3 important important JJ 5180 1313 4 as as IN 5180 1313 5 the the DT 5180 1313 6 openness openness NN 5180 1313 7 of of IN 5180 1313 8 a a DT 5180 1313 9 forum forum NN 5180 1313 10 to to IN 5180 1313 11 listeners listener NNS 5180 1313 12 is be VBZ 5180 1313 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1313 14 openness openness NN 5180 1313 15 to to IN 5180 1313 16 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1313 17 . . . 5180 1314 1 Parks park NNS 5180 1314 2 and and CC 5180 1314 3 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1314 4 are be VBP 5180 1314 5 paradigmatic paradigmatic JJ 5180 1314 6 loci loci NN 5180 1314 7 of of IN 5180 1314 8 First First NNP 5180 1314 9 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1314 10 values value NNS 5180 1314 11 in in IN 5180 1314 12 large large JJ 5180 1314 13 part part NN 5180 1314 14 because because IN 5180 1314 15 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1314 16 permit permit VBP 5180 1314 17 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1314 18 to to TO 5180 1314 19 communicate communicate VB 5180 1314 20 with with IN 5180 1314 21 a a DT 5180 1314 22 wide wide JJ 5180 1314 23 audience audience NN 5180 1314 24 at at IN 5180 1314 25 low low JJ 5180 1314 26 cost cost NN 5180 1314 27 . . . 5180 1315 1 One one PRP 5180 1315 2 can can MD 5180 1315 3 address address VB 5180 1315 4 members member NNS 5180 1315 5 of of IN 5180 1315 6 the the DT 5180 1315 7 public public NN 5180 1315 8 in in IN 5180 1315 9 a a DT 5180 1315 10 park park NN 5180 1315 11 for for IN 5180 1315 12 little little JJ 5180 1315 13 more more JJR 5180 1315 14 than than IN 5180 1315 15 the the DT 5180 1315 16 cost cost NN 5180 1315 17 of of IN 5180 1315 18 a a DT 5180 1315 19 soapbox soapbox NN 5180 1315 20 , , , 5180 1315 21 and and CC 5180 1315 22 one one PRP 5180 1315 23 can can MD 5180 1315 24 distribute distribute VB 5180 1315 25 handbills handbill NNS 5180 1315 26 on on IN 5180 1315 27 the the DT 5180 1315 28 sidewalk sidewalk NN 5180 1315 29 for for IN 5180 1315 30 little little JJ 5180 1315 31 more more JJR 5180 1315 32 than than IN 5180 1315 33 the the DT 5180 1315 34 cost cost NN 5180 1315 35 of of IN 5180 1315 36 a a DT 5180 1315 37 pen pen NN 5180 1315 38 , , , 5180 1315 39 paper paper NN 5180 1315 40 , , , 5180 1315 41 and and CC 5180 1315 42 some some DT 5180 1315 43 photocopies photocopy NNS 5180 1315 44 . . . 5180 1316 1 See see VB 5180 1316 2 Martin Martin NNP 5180 1316 3 v. v. CC 5180 1316 4 City City NNP 5180 1316 5 of of IN 5180 1316 6 Struthers Struthers NNPS 5180 1316 7 , , , 5180 1316 8 319 319 CD 5180 1316 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1316 10 141 141 CD 5180 1316 11 , , , 5180 1316 12 146 146 CD 5180 1316 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1316 14 1943 1943 CD 5180 1316 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1316 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1316 17 " " `` 5180 1316 18 Door door NN 5180 1316 19 to to TO 5180 1316 20 door door VB 5180 1316 21 distribution distribution NN 5180 1316 22 of of IN 5180 1316 23 circulars circular NNS 5180 1316 24 is be VBZ 5180 1316 25 essential essential JJ 5180 1316 26 to to IN 5180 1316 27 the the DT 5180 1316 28 poorly poorly RB 5180 1316 29 financed finance VBN 5180 1316 30 causes cause NNS 5180 1316 31 of of IN 5180 1316 32 little little JJ 5180 1316 33 people people NNS 5180 1316 34 . . . 5180 1317 1 ") ") `` 5180 1317 2 ; ; : 5180 1317 3 Laurence Laurence NNP 5180 1317 4 H. H. NNP 5180 1317 5 Tribe Tribe NNP 5180 1317 6 , , , 5180 1317 7 American American NNP 5180 1317 8 Constitutional Constitutional NNP 5180 1317 9 Law Law NNP 5180 1317 10 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1317 11 . . . 5180 1318 1 12 12 CD 5180 1318 2 - - SYM 5180 1318 3 24 24 CD 5180 1318 4 at at IN 5180 1318 5 987 987 CD 5180 1318 6 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1318 7 2d 2d CD 5180 1318 8 ed ed NNP 5180 1318 9 . . . 5180 1319 1 1988 1988 CD 5180 1319 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1319 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1319 4 " " `` 5180 1319 5 The the DT 5180 1319 6 ' ' `` 5180 1319 7 public public JJ 5180 1319 8 forum forum NN 5180 1319 9 ' ' '' 5180 1319 10 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1319 11 holds hold VBZ 5180 1319 12 that that IN 5180 1319 13 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1319 14 on on IN 5180 1319 15 speech speech NN 5180 1319 16 should should MD 5180 1319 17 be be VB 5180 1319 18 subject subject JJ 5180 1319 19 to to IN 5180 1319 20 higher high JJR 5180 1319 21 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1319 22 when when WRB 5180 1319 23 , , , 5180 1319 24 all all DT 5180 1319 25 other other JJ 5180 1319 26 things thing NNS 5180 1319 27 being be VBG 5180 1319 28 equal equal JJ 5180 1319 29 , , , 5180 1319 30 that that IN 5180 1319 31 speech speech NN 5180 1319 32 occurs occur VBZ 5180 1319 33 in in IN 5180 1319 34 areas area NNS 5180 1319 35 playing play VBG 5180 1319 36 a a DT 5180 1319 37 vital vital JJ 5180 1319 38 role role NN 5180 1319 39 in in IN 5180 1319 40 communication communication NN 5180 1319 41 – – : 5180 1319 42 such such JJ 5180 1319 43 as as IN 5180 1319 44 in in IN 5180 1319 45 those those DT 5180 1319 46 places place NNS 5180 1319 47 historically historically RB 5180 1319 48 associated associate VBN 5180 1319 49 with with IN 5180 1319 50 first first JJ 5180 1319 51 amendment amendment NN 5180 1319 52 activities activity NNS 5180 1319 53 , , , 5180 1319 54 such such JJ 5180 1319 55 as as IN 5180 1319 56 streets street NNS 5180 1319 57 , , , 5180 1319 58 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1319 59 , , , 5180 1319 60 and and CC 5180 1319 61 parks park NNS 5180 1319 62 – – : 5180 1319 63 especially especially RB 5180 1319 64 because because IN 5180 1319 65 of of IN 5180 1319 66 how how WRB 5180 1319 67 indispensable indispensable JJ 5180 1319 68 communication communication NN 5180 1319 69 in in IN 5180 1319 70 these these DT 5180 1319 71 places place NNS 5180 1319 72 is be VBZ 5180 1319 73 to to IN 5180 1319 74 people people NNS 5180 1319 75 who who WP 5180 1319 76 lack lack VBP 5180 1319 77 access access NN 5180 1319 78 to to IN 5180 1319 79 more more RBR 5180 1319 80 elaborate elaborate JJ 5180 1319 81 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1319 82 and and CC 5180 1319 83 more more RBR 5180 1319 84 costly costly JJ 5180 1319 85 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1319 86 channels channel NNS 5180 1319 87 . . . 5180 1320 1 ") ") `` 5180 1320 2 ; ; : 5180 1320 3 Daniel Daniel NNP 5180 1320 4 A. A. NNP 5180 1320 5 Farber Farber NNP 5180 1320 6 , , , 5180 1320 7 Free Free NNP 5180 1320 8 Speech Speech NNP 5180 1320 9 without without IN 5180 1320 10 Romance Romance NNP 5180 1320 11 : : : 5180 1320 12 Public Public NNP 5180 1320 13 Choice Choice NNP 5180 1320 14 and and CC 5180 1320 15 the the DT 5180 1320 16 First First NNP 5180 1320 17 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1320 18 , , , 5180 1320 19 105 105 CD 5180 1320 20 Harv Harv NNP 5180 1320 21 . . . 5180 1321 1 L. L. NNP 5180 1321 2 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 1322 1 554 554 CD 5180 1322 2 , , , 5180 1322 3 574 574 CD 5180 1322 4 n.86 n.86 NNP 5180 1322 5 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1322 6 1991 1991 CD 5180 1322 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1322 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1322 9 noting note VBG 5180 1322 10 that that IN 5180 1322 11 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1322 12 public public JJ 5180 1322 13 fora fora NN 5180 1322 14 " " '' 5180 1322 15 are be VBP 5180 1322 16 often often RB 5180 1322 17 the the DT 5180 1322 18 only only JJ 5180 1322 19 place place NN 5180 1322 20 where where WRB 5180 1322 21 less less RBR 5180 1322 22 affluent affluent JJ 5180 1322 23 groups group NNS 5180 1322 24 and and CC 5180 1322 25 individuals individual NNS 5180 1322 26 can can MD 5180 1322 27 effectively effectively RB 5180 1322 28 express express VB 5180 1322 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1322 30 message message NN 5180 1322 31 " " '' 5180 1322 32 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1322 33 ; ; : 5180 1322 34 Harry Harry NNP 5180 1322 35 Kalven Kalven NNP 5180 1322 36 , , , 5180 1322 37 Jr. Jr. NNP 5180 1322 38 , , , 5180 1322 39 The the DT 5180 1322 40 Concept Concept NNP 5180 1322 41 of of IN 5180 1322 42 the the DT 5180 1322 43 Public Public NNP 5180 1322 44 Forum Forum NNP 5180 1322 45 : : : 5180 1322 46 Cox Cox NNP 5180 1322 47 v. v. IN 5180 1322 48 Louisiana Louisiana NNP 5180 1322 49 , , , 5180 1322 50 1965 1965 CD 5180 1322 51 Sup Sup NNP 5180 1322 52 . . . 5180 1323 1 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1323 2 . . . 5180 1323 3 Rev. Rev. 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NN 5180 1354 10 - - HYPH 5180 1354 11 facilitating facilitate VBG 5180 1354 12 qualities quality NNS 5180 1354 13 , , , 5180 1354 14 " " '' 5180 1354 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1354 16 is be VBZ 5180 1354 17 hard hard JJ 5180 1354 18 to to TO 5180 1354 19 find find VB 5180 1354 20 an an DT 5180 1354 21 aspiring aspire VBG 5180 1354 22 social social JJ 5180 1354 23 movement movement NN 5180 1354 24 , , , 5180 1354 25 new new JJ 5180 1354 26 or or CC 5180 1354 27 old old JJ 5180 1354 28 , , , 5180 1354 29 of of IN 5180 1354 30 left left JJ 5180 1354 31 , , , 5180 1354 32 right right UH 5180 1354 33 , , , 5180 1354 34 or or CC 5180 1354 35 center center NN 5180 1354 36 , , , 5180 1354 37 without without IN 5180 1354 38 a a DT 5180 1354 39 website website NN 5180 1354 40 , , , 5180 1354 41 a a DT 5180 1354 42 bulletin bulletin NN 5180 1354 43 board board NN 5180 1354 44 , , , 5180 1354 45 and and CC 5180 1354 46 an an DT 5180 1354 47 email email NN 5180 1354 48 list list NN 5180 1354 49 . . . 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IN 5180 1358 44 free free JJ 5180 1358 45 speech speech NN 5180 1358 46 . . . 5180 1359 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1359 2 . . . 5180 1360 1 Martin Martin NNP 5180 1360 2 , , , 5180 1360 3 319 319 CD 5180 1360 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1360 5 at at IN 5180 1360 6 145 145 CD 5180 1360 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1360 8 " " `` 5180 1360 9 The the DT 5180 1360 10 widespread widespread JJ 5180 1360 11 use use NN 5180 1360 12 of of IN 5180 1360 13 this this DT 5180 1360 14 method method NN 5180 1360 15 of of IN 5180 1360 16 communication communication NN 5180 1360 17 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1360 18 door door NN 5180 1360 19 - - HYPH 5180 1360 20 to to IN 5180 1360 21 - - HYPH 5180 1360 22 door door NN 5180 1360 23 distribution distribution NN 5180 1360 24 of of IN 5180 1360 25 leaflets leaflet NNS 5180 1360 26 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1360 27 by by IN 5180 1360 28 many many JJ 5180 1360 29 groups group NNS 5180 1360 30 espousing espouse VBG 5180 1360 31 various various JJ 5180 1360 32 causes cause NNS 5180 1360 33 attests attest VBZ 5180 1360 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1360 35 major major JJ 5180 1360 36 importance importance NN 5180 1360 37 . . . 5180 1361 1 ") ") LS 5180 1361 2 ; ; : 5180 1361 3 Schneider Schneider NNP 5180 1361 4 v. v. IN 5180 1361 5 State State NNP 5180 1361 6 , , , 5180 1361 7 308 308 CD 5180 1361 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1361 9 147 147 CD 5180 1361 10 , , , 5180 1361 11 164 164 CD 5180 1361 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1361 13 1939 1939 CD 5180 1361 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1361 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1361 16 " " `` 5180 1361 17 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1361 18 P]amphlets P]amphlets NNP 5180 1361 19 have have VBP 5180 1361 20 proved prove VBN 5180 1361 21 most most RBS 5180 1361 22 effective effective JJ 5180 1361 23 instruments instrument NNS 5180 1361 24 in in IN 5180 1361 25 the the DT 5180 1361 26 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1361 27 of of IN 5180 1361 28 opinion opinion NN 5180 1361 29 . . . 5180 1361 30 " " '' 5180 1361 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1361 32 . . . 5180 1362 1 The the DT 5180 1362 2 provision provision NN 5180 1362 3 of of IN 5180 1362 4 Internet internet NN 5180 1362 5 access access NN 5180 1362 6 in in IN 5180 1362 7 public public JJ 5180 1362 8 libraries library NNS 5180 1362 9 , , , 5180 1362 10 in in IN 5180 1362 11 addition addition NN 5180 1362 12 to to IN 5180 1362 13 sharing share VBG 5180 1362 14 the the DT 5180 1362 15 speech speech NN 5180 1362 16 - - HYPH 5180 1362 17 enhancing enhance VBG 5180 1362 18 qualities quality NNS 5180 1362 19 of of IN 5180 1362 20 fora fora NNP 5180 1362 21 such such JJ 5180 1362 22 as as IN 5180 1362 23 streets street NNS 5180 1362 24 , , , 5180 1362 25 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1362 26 , , , 5180 1362 27 and and CC 5180 1362 28 parks park NNS 5180 1362 29 , , , 5180 1362 30 also also RB 5180 1362 31 supplies supply VBZ 5180 1362 32 many many JJ 5180 1362 33 of of IN 5180 1362 34 the the DT 5180 1362 35 speech speech NN 5180 1362 36 - - HYPH 5180 1362 37 enhancing enhance VBG 5180 1362 38 properties property NNS 5180 1362 39 of of IN 5180 1362 40 the the DT 5180 1362 41 postal postal JJ 5180 1362 42 service service NN 5180 1362 43 , , , 5180 1362 44 which which WDT 5180 1362 45 is be VBZ 5180 1362 46 open open JJ 5180 1362 47 to to IN 5180 1362 48 the the DT 5180 1362 49 public public NN 5180 1362 50 at at RB 5180 1362 51 large large JJ 5180 1362 52 as as IN 5180 1362 53 both both DT 5180 1362 54 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1362 55 and and CC 5180 1362 56 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1362 57 of of IN 5180 1362 58 information information NN 5180 1362 59 , , , 5180 1362 60 and and CC 5180 1362 61 provides provide VBZ 5180 1362 62 a a DT 5180 1362 63 relatively relatively RB 5180 1362 64 low low JJ 5180 1362 65 - - HYPH 5180 1362 66 cost cost NN 5180 1362 67 means mean NNS 5180 1362 68 of of IN 5180 1362 69 disseminating disseminate VBG 5180 1362 70 information information NN 5180 1362 71 to to IN 5180 1362 72 a a DT 5180 1362 73 geographically geographically RB 5180 1362 74 dispersed disperse VBN 5180 1362 75 audience audience NN 5180 1362 76 . . . 5180 1363 1 See see VB 5180 1363 2 Lamont Lamont NNP 5180 1363 3 v. v. IN 5180 1363 4 Postmaster Postmaster NNP 5180 1363 5 Gen. Gen. NNP 5180 1363 6 , , , 5180 1363 7 381 381 CD 5180 1363 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1363 9 301 301 CD 5180 1363 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1363 11 1965 1965 CD 5180 1363 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1363 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1363 14 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 1363 15 a a DT 5180 1363 16 content content NN 5180 1363 17 - - HYPH 5180 1363 18 based base VBN 5180 1363 19 prior prior JJ 5180 1363 20 restraint restraint NN 5180 1363 21 on on IN 5180 1363 22 the the DT 5180 1363 23 use use NN 5180 1363 24 of of IN 5180 1363 25 the the DT 5180 1363 26 mails mail NNS 5180 1363 27 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1363 28 ; ; : 5180 1363 29 see see VB 5180 1363 30 also also RB 5180 1363 31 Blount Blount NNP 5180 1363 32 v. v. IN 5180 1363 33 Rizzi Rizzi NNP 5180 1363 34 , , , 5180 1363 35 400 400 CD 5180 1363 36 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1363 37 410 410 CD 5180 1363 38 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1363 39 1971 1971 CD 5180 1363 40 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1363 41 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1363 42 same same JJ 5180 1363 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1363 44 . . . 5180 1364 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1364 2 , , , 5180 1364 3 the the DT 5180 1364 4 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1364 5 Court Court NNP 5180 1364 6 's 's POS 5180 1364 7 description description NN 5180 1364 8 of of IN 5180 1364 9 the the DT 5180 1364 10 postal postal JJ 5180 1364 11 system system NN 5180 1364 12 in in IN 5180 1364 13 Lamont Lamont NNP 5180 1364 14 seems seem VBZ 5180 1364 15 equally equally RB 5180 1364 16 apt apt JJ 5180 1364 17 as as IN 5180 1364 18 a a DT 5180 1364 19 description description NN 5180 1364 20 of of IN 5180 1364 21 the the DT 5180 1364 22 Internet internet NN 5180 1364 23 today today NN 5180 1364 24 : : : 5180 1364 25 " " `` 5180 1364 26 the the DT 5180 1364 27 postal postal JJ 5180 1364 28 system system NN 5180 1364 29 . . . 5180 1365 1 . . . 5180 1366 1 . . . 5180 1367 1 is be VBZ 5180 1367 2 now now RB 5180 1367 3 the the DT 5180 1367 4 main main JJ 5180 1367 5 artery artery NN 5180 1367 6 through through IN 5180 1367 7 which which WDT 5180 1367 8 the the DT 5180 1367 9 business business NN 5180 1367 10 , , , 5180 1367 11 social social JJ 5180 1367 12 , , , 5180 1367 13 and and CC 5180 1367 14 personal personal JJ 5180 1367 15 affairs affair NNS 5180 1367 16 of of IN 5180 1367 17 the the DT 5180 1367 18 people people NNS 5180 1367 19 are be VBP 5180 1367 20 conducted conduct VBN 5180 1367 21 . . . 5180 1368 1 . . . 5180 1369 1 . . . 5180 1370 1 . . . 5180 1370 2 " " '' 5180 1371 1 381 381 CD 5180 1371 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1371 3 at at IN 5180 1371 4 305 305 CD 5180 1371 5 n.3 n.3 NNP 5180 1371 6 . . . 5180 1372 1 In in IN 5180 1372 2 short short JJ 5180 1372 3 , , , 5180 1372 4 public public JJ 5180 1372 5 libraries library NNS 5180 1372 6 , , , 5180 1372 7 by by IN 5180 1372 8 providing provide VBG 5180 1372 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1372 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1372 11 with with IN 5180 1372 12 access access NN 5180 1372 13 to to IN 5180 1372 14 the the DT 5180 1372 15 Internet internet NN 5180 1372 16 , , , 5180 1372 17 have have VBP 5180 1372 18 created create VBN 5180 1372 19 a a DT 5180 1372 20 public public JJ 5180 1372 21 forum forum NN 5180 1372 22 that that WDT 5180 1372 23 provides provide VBZ 5180 1372 24 any any DT 5180 1372 25 member member NN 5180 1372 26 of of IN 5180 1372 27 the the DT 5180 1372 28 public public JJ 5180 1372 29 free free JJ 5180 1372 30 access access NN 5180 1372 31 to to IN 5180 1372 32 information information NN 5180 1372 33 from from IN 5180 1372 34 millions million NNS 5180 1372 35 of of IN 5180 1372 36 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1372 37 around around IN 5180 1372 38 the the DT 5180 1372 39 world world NN 5180 1372 40 . . . 5180 1373 1 The the DT 5180 1373 2 unique unique JJ 5180 1373 3 speech speech NN 5180 1373 4 - - HYPH 5180 1373 5 enhancing enhance VBG 5180 1373 6 character character NN 5180 1373 7 of of IN 5180 1373 8 Internet internet NN 5180 1373 9 use use NN 5180 1373 10 in in IN 5180 1373 11 public public JJ 5180 1373 12 libraries library NNS 5180 1373 13 derives derive VBZ 5180 1373 14 from from IN 5180 1373 15 the the DT 5180 1373 16 openness openness NN 5180 1373 17 of of IN 5180 1373 18 the the DT 5180 1373 19 public public JJ 5180 1373 20 library library NN 5180 1373 21 to to IN 5180 1373 22 any any DT 5180 1373 23 member member NN 5180 1373 24 of of IN 5180 1373 25 the the DT 5180 1373 26 public public NN 5180 1373 27 seeking seek VBG 5180 1373 28 to to TO 5180 1373 29 receive receive VB 5180 1373 30 information information NN 5180 1373 31 , , , 5180 1373 32 and and CC 5180 1373 33 the the DT 5180 1373 34 openness openness NN 5180 1373 35 of of IN 5180 1373 36 the the DT 5180 1373 37 Internet internet NN 5180 1373 38 to to IN 5180 1373 39 any any DT 5180 1373 40 member member NN 5180 1373 41 of of IN 5180 1373 42 the the DT 5180 1373 43 public public NN 5180 1373 44 who who WP 5180 1373 45 wishes wish VBZ 5180 1373 46 to to TO 5180 1373 47 speak speak VB 5180 1373 48 . . . 5180 1374 1 In in IN 5180 1374 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1374 3 , , , 5180 1374 4 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1374 5 on on IN 5180 1374 6 the the DT 5180 1374 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1374 8 enjoy enjoy VBP 5180 1374 9 low low JJ 5180 1374 10 barriers barrier NNS 5180 1374 11 to to IN 5180 1374 12 entry entry NN 5180 1374 13 and and CC 5180 1374 14 the the DT 5180 1374 15 ability ability NN 5180 1374 16 to to TO 5180 1374 17 reach reach VB 5180 1374 18 a a DT 5180 1374 19 mass mass NN 5180 1374 20 audience audience NN 5180 1374 21 , , , 5180 1374 22 unhindered unhindered JJ 5180 1374 23 by by IN 5180 1374 24 the the DT 5180 1374 25 constraints constraint NNS 5180 1374 26 of of IN 5180 1374 27 geography geography NN 5180 1374 28 . . . 5180 1375 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1375 2 , , , 5180 1375 3 just just RB 5180 1375 4 as as IN 5180 1375 5 the the DT 5180 1375 6 development development NN 5180 1375 7 of of IN 5180 1375 8 new new JJ 5180 1375 9 media medium NNS 5180 1375 10 " " '' 5180 1375 11 presents present VBZ 5180 1375 12 unique unique JJ 5180 1375 13 problems problem NNS 5180 1375 14 , , , 5180 1375 15 which which WDT 5180 1375 16 inform inform VBP 5180 1375 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1375 18 assessment assessment NN 5180 1375 19 of of IN 5180 1375 20 the the DT 5180 1375 21 interests interest NNS 5180 1375 22 at at IN 5180 1375 23 stake stake NN 5180 1375 24 , , , 5180 1375 25 and and CC 5180 1375 26 which which WDT 5180 1375 27 may may MD 5180 1375 28 justify justify VB 5180 1375 29 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1375 30 that that WDT 5180 1375 31 would would MD 5180 1375 32 be be VB 5180 1375 33 unacceptable unacceptable JJ 5180 1375 34 in in IN 5180 1375 35 other other JJ 5180 1375 36 contexts contexts NN 5180 1375 37 , , , 5180 1375 38 " " '' 5180 1375 39 United United NNP 5180 1375 40 States States NNP 5180 1375 41 v. v. IN 5180 1375 42 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1375 43 Entm't Entm't NNP 5180 1375 44 Group Group NNP 5180 1375 45 , , , 5180 1375 46 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1375 47 , , , 5180 1375 48 529 529 CD 5180 1375 49 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1375 50 803 803 CD 5180 1375 51 , , , 5180 1375 52 813 813 CD 5180 1375 53 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1375 54 2000 2000 CD 5180 1375 55 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1375 56 , , , 5180 1375 57 the the DT 5180 1375 58 development development NN 5180 1375 59 of of IN 5180 1375 60 new new JJ 5180 1375 61 media medium NNS 5180 1375 62 , , , 5180 1375 63 such such JJ 5180 1375 64 as as IN 5180 1375 65 the the DT 5180 1375 66 Internet internet NN 5180 1375 67 , , , 5180 1375 68 also also RB 5180 1375 69 presents present VBZ 5180 1375 70 unique unique JJ 5180 1375 71 possibilities possibility NNS 5180 1375 72 for for IN 5180 1375 73 promoting promote VBG 5180 1375 74 First First NNP 5180 1375 75 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1375 76 values value NNS 5180 1375 77 , , , 5180 1375 78 which which WDT 5180 1375 79 also also RB 5180 1375 80 inform inform VBP 5180 1375 81 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1375 82 assessment assessment NN 5180 1375 83 of of IN 5180 1375 84 the the DT 5180 1375 85 interests interest NNS 5180 1375 86 at at IN 5180 1375 87 stake stake NN 5180 1375 88 , , , 5180 1375 89 and and CC 5180 1375 90 which which WDT 5180 1375 91 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1375 92 believe believe VBP 5180 1375 93 , , , 5180 1375 94 in in IN 5180 1375 95 the the DT 5180 1375 96 context context NN 5180 1375 97 of of IN 5180 1375 98 the the DT 5180 1375 99 provision provision NN 5180 1375 100 of of IN 5180 1375 101 Internet internet NN 5180 1375 102 access access NN 5180 1375 103 in in IN 5180 1375 104 public public JJ 5180 1375 105 libraries library NNS 5180 1375 106 , , , 5180 1375 107 justify justify VB 5180 1375 108 the the DT 5180 1375 109 application application NN 5180 1375 110 of of IN 5180 1375 111 heightened heighten VBN 5180 1375 112 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1375 113 to to IN 5180 1375 114 content content NN 5180 1375 115 - - HYPH 5180 1375 116 based base VBN 5180 1375 117 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1375 118 that that WDT 5180 1375 119 might may MD 5180 1375 120 be be VB 5180 1375 121 subject subject JJ 5180 1375 122 to to IN 5180 1375 123 only only JJ 5180 1375 124 rational rational JJ 5180 1375 125 review review NN 5180 1375 126 in in IN 5180 1375 127 other other JJ 5180 1375 128 contexts contexts NN 5180 1375 129 , , , 5180 1375 130 such such JJ 5180 1375 131 as as IN 5180 1375 132 the the DT 5180 1375 133 development development NN 5180 1375 134 of of IN 5180 1375 135 the the DT 5180 1375 136 library library NN 5180 1375 137 's 's POS 5180 1375 138 print print NN 5180 1375 139 collection collection NN 5180 1375 140 . . . 5180 1376 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1376 2 . . . 5180 1377 1 i -PRON- PRP 5180 1377 2 d d VBD 5180 1377 3 . . . 5180 1378 1 at at IN 5180 1378 2 818 818 CD 5180 1378 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1378 4 " " `` 5180 1378 5 Technology technology NN 5180 1378 6 expands expand VBZ 5180 1378 7 the the DT 5180 1378 8 capacity capacity NN 5180 1378 9 to to TO 5180 1378 10 choose choose VB 5180 1378 11 ; ; : 5180 1378 12 and and CC 5180 1378 13 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1378 14 denies deny VBZ 5180 1378 15 the the DT 5180 1378 16 potential potential NN 5180 1378 17 of of IN 5180 1378 18 this this DT 5180 1378 19 revolution revolution NN 5180 1378 20 if if IN 5180 1378 21 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1378 22 assume assume VBP 5180 1378 23 the the DT 5180 1378 24 Government Government NNP 5180 1378 25 is be VBZ 5180 1378 26 best well RBS 5180 1378 27 positioned position VBN 5180 1378 28 to to TO 5180 1378 29 make make VB 5180 1378 30 these these DT 5180 1378 31 choices choice NNS 5180 1378 32 for for IN 5180 1378 33 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1378 34 . . . 5180 1378 35 " " '' 5180 1378 36 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1378 37 . . . 5180 1379 1 A a DT 5180 1379 2 faithful faithful JJ 5180 1379 3 translation translation NN 5180 1379 4 of of IN 5180 1379 5 First First NNP 5180 1379 6 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1379 7 values value NNS 5180 1379 8 from from IN 5180 1379 9 the the DT 5180 1379 10 context context NN 5180 1379 11 of of IN 5180 1379 12 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1379 13 public public JJ 5180 1379 14 fora fora NN 5180 1379 15 such such JJ 5180 1379 16 as as IN 5180 1379 17 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1379 18 and and CC 5180 1379 19 parks park NNS 5180 1379 20 to to IN 5180 1379 21 the the DT 5180 1379 22 distinctly distinctly RB 5180 1379 23 non non JJ 5180 1379 24 - - JJ 5180 1379 25 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1379 26 public public JJ 5180 1379 27 forum forum NN 5180 1379 28 of of IN 5180 1379 29 Internet internet NN 5180 1379 30 access access NN 5180 1379 31 in in IN 5180 1379 32 public public JJ 5180 1379 33 libraries library NNS 5180 1379 34 requires require VBZ 5180 1379 35 , , , 5180 1379 36 in in IN 5180 1379 37 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1379 38 view view NN 5180 1379 39 , , , 5180 1379 40 that that IN 5180 1379 41 content content NN 5180 1379 42 - - HYPH 5180 1379 43 based base VBN 5180 1379 44 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1379 45 on on IN 5180 1379 46 Internet internet NN 5180 1379 47 access access NN 5180 1379 48 in in IN 5180 1379 49 public public JJ 5180 1379 50 libraries library NNS 5180 1379 51 be be VB 5180 1379 52 subject subject JJ 5180 1379 53 to to IN 5180 1379 54 the the DT 5180 1379 55 same same JJ 5180 1379 56 exacting exacting NN 5180 1379 57 standards standard NNS 5180 1379 58 of of IN 5180 1379 59 First First NNP 5180 1379 60 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1379 61 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1379 62 as as IN 5180 1379 63 content content NN 5180 1379 64 - - HYPH 5180 1379 65 based base VBN 5180 1379 66 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1379 67 on on IN 5180 1379 68 speech speech NN 5180 1379 69 in in IN 5180 1379 70 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1379 71 public public JJ 5180 1379 72 fora fora NN 5180 1379 73 such such JJ 5180 1379 74 as as IN 5180 1379 75 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1379 76 , , , 5180 1379 77 town town NN 5180 1379 78 squares square NNS 5180 1379 79 , , , 5180 1379 80 and and CC 5180 1379 81 parks park NNS 5180 1379 82 : : : 5180 1379 83 The the DT 5180 1379 84 architecture architecture NN 5180 1379 85 of of IN 5180 1379 86 the the DT 5180 1379 87 Internet internet NN 5180 1379 88 , , , 5180 1379 89 as as IN 5180 1379 90 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1379 91 is be VBZ 5180 1379 92 right right RB 5180 1379 93 now now RB 5180 1379 94 , , , 5180 1379 95 is be VBZ 5180 1379 96 perhaps perhaps RB 5180 1379 97 the the DT 5180 1379 98 most most RBS 5180 1379 99 important important JJ 5180 1379 100 model model NN 5180 1379 101 of of IN 5180 1379 102 free free JJ 5180 1379 103 speech speech NN 5180 1379 104 since since IN 5180 1379 105 the the DT 5180 1379 106 founding founding NN 5180 1379 107 . . . 5180 1380 1 . . . 5180 1381 1 . . . 5180 1382 1 . . . 5180 1383 1 Two two CD 5180 1383 2 hundred hundred CD 5180 1383 3 years year NNS 5180 1383 4 after after IN 5180 1383 5 the the DT 5180 1383 6 framers framer NNS 5180 1383 7 ratified ratify VBD 5180 1383 8 the the DT 5180 1383 9 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 1383 10 , , , 5180 1383 11 the the DT 5180 1383 12 Net net NN 5180 1383 13 has have VBZ 5180 1383 14 taught teach VBN 5180 1383 15 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1383 16 what what WP 5180 1383 17 the the DT 5180 1383 18 First First NNP 5180 1383 19 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1383 20 means mean VBZ 5180 1383 21 . . . 5180 1384 1 . . . 5180 1385 1 . . . 5180 1386 1 . . . 5180 1387 1 The the DT 5180 1387 2 model model NN 5180 1387 3 for for IN 5180 1387 4 speech speech NN 5180 1387 5 that that WDT 5180 1387 6 the the DT 5180 1387 7 framers framer NNS 5180 1387 8 embraced embrace VBD 5180 1387 9 was be VBD 5180 1387 10 the the DT 5180 1387 11 model model NN 5180 1387 12 of of IN 5180 1387 13 the the DT 5180 1387 14 Internet internet NN 5180 1387 15 – – : 5180 1387 16 distributed distribute VBN 5180 1387 17 , , , 5180 1387 18 noncentralized noncentralize VBN 5180 1387 19 , , , 5180 1387 20 fully fully RB 5180 1387 21 free free JJ 5180 1387 22 and and CC 5180 1387 23 diverse diverse JJ 5180 1387 24 . . . 5180 1388 1 Lessig Lessig NNP 5180 1388 2 , , , 5180 1388 3 Code Code NNP 5180 1388 4 , , , 5180 1388 5 at at IN 5180 1388 6 167 167 CD 5180 1388 7 , , , 5180 1388 8 185 185 CD 5180 1388 9 . . . 5180 1389 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1389 2 , , , 5180 1389 3 " " '' 5180 1389 4 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1389 5 m]inds m]ind NNS 5180 1389 6 are be VBP 5180 1389 7 not not RB 5180 1389 8 changed change VBN 5180 1389 9 in in IN 5180 1389 10 streets street NNS 5180 1389 11 and and CC 5180 1389 12 parks park NNS 5180 1389 13 as as IN 5180 1389 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1389 15 once once RB 5180 1389 16 were be VBD 5180 1389 17 . . . 5180 1390 1 To to IN 5180 1390 2 an an DT 5180 1390 3 increasing increase VBG 5180 1390 4 degree degree NN 5180 1390 5 , , , 5180 1390 6 the the DT 5180 1390 7 more more RBR 5180 1390 8 significant significant JJ 5180 1390 9 interchanges interchange NNS 5180 1390 10 of of IN 5180 1390 11 ideas idea NNS 5180 1390 12 and and CC 5180 1390 13 shaping shaping NN 5180 1390 14 of of IN 5180 1390 15 public public JJ 5180 1390 16 consciousness consciousness NN 5180 1390 17 occur occur VBP 5180 1390 18 in in IN 5180 1390 19 mass mass JJ 5180 1390 20 and and CC 5180 1390 21 electronic electronic JJ 5180 1390 22 media medium NNS 5180 1390 23 . . . 5180 1390 24 " " '' 5180 1391 1 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1391 2 Area Area NNP 5180 1391 3 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1391 4 . . . 5180 1392 1 Telecomms Telecomms NNP 5180 1392 2 . . . 5180 1393 1 Consortium Consortium NNP 5180 1393 2 , , , 5180 1393 3 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1393 4 v. v. IN 5180 1393 5 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1393 6 , , , 5180 1393 7 518 518 CD 5180 1393 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1393 9 727 727 CD 5180 1393 10 , , , 5180 1393 11 802 802 CD 5180 1393 12 - - HYPH 5180 1393 13 03 03 CD 5180 1393 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1393 15 1996 1996 CD 5180 1393 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1393 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1393 18 Kennedy Kennedy NNP 5180 1393 19 , , , 5180 1393 20 J. J. NNP 5180 1393 21 , , , 5180 1393 22 concurring concur VBG 5180 1393 23 in in IN 5180 1393 24 the the DT 5180 1393 25 judgment judgment NN 5180 1393 26 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1393 27 . . . 5180 1394 1 In in IN 5180 1394 2 providing provide VBG 5180 1394 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 1394 4 with with IN 5180 1394 5 even even RB 5180 1394 6 filtered filter VBN 5180 1394 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1394 8 access access NN 5180 1394 9 , , , 5180 1394 10 a a DT 5180 1394 11 public public JJ 5180 1394 12 library library NN 5180 1394 13 is be VBZ 5180 1394 14 not not RB 5180 1394 15 exercising exercise VBG 5180 1394 16 editorial editorial JJ 5180 1394 17 discretion discretion NN 5180 1394 18 in in IN 5180 1394 19 selecting select VBG 5180 1394 20 only only JJ 5180 1394 21 speech speech NN 5180 1394 22 of of IN 5180 1394 23 particular particular JJ 5180 1394 24 quality quality NN 5180 1394 25 for for IN 5180 1394 26 inclusion inclusion NN 5180 1394 27 in in IN 5180 1394 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1394 29 collection collection NN 5180 1394 30 , , , 5180 1394 31 as as IN 5180 1394 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1394 33 may may MD 5180 1394 34 do do VB 5180 1394 35 when when WRB 5180 1394 36 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1394 37 decides decide VBZ 5180 1394 38 to to TO 5180 1394 39 acquire acquire VB 5180 1394 40 print print NN 5180 1394 41 materials material NNS 5180 1394 42 . . . 5180 1395 1 By by IN 5180 1395 2 providing provide VBG 5180 1395 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1395 4 patrons patron NNS 5180 1395 5 with with IN 5180 1395 6 Internet internet NN 5180 1395 7 access access NN 5180 1395 8 , , , 5180 1395 9 public public JJ 5180 1395 10 libraries library NNS 5180 1395 11 create create VBP 5180 1395 12 a a DT 5180 1395 13 forum forum NN 5180 1395 14 in in IN 5180 1395 15 which which WDT 5180 1395 16 any any DT 5180 1395 17 member member NN 5180 1395 18 of of IN 5180 1395 19 the the DT 5180 1395 20 public public NN 5180 1395 21 may may MD 5180 1395 22 receive receive VB 5180 1395 23 speech speech NN 5180 1395 24 from from IN 5180 1395 25 anyone anyone NN 5180 1395 26 around around IN 5180 1395 27 the the DT 5180 1395 28 world world NN 5180 1395 29 who who WP 5180 1395 30 wishes wish VBZ 5180 1395 31 to to TO 5180 1395 32 disseminate disseminate VB 5180 1395 33 information information NN 5180 1395 34 over over IN 5180 1395 35 the the DT 5180 1395 36 Internet internet NN 5180 1395 37 . . . 5180 1396 1 Within within IN 5180 1396 2 this this DT 5180 1396 3 " " `` 5180 1396 4 vast vast JJ 5180 1396 5 democratic democratic JJ 5180 1396 6 forum forum NN 5180 1396 7 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1396 8 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1396 9 , , , 5180 1396 10 " " `` 5180 1396 11 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1396 12 , , , 5180 1396 13 521 521 CD 5180 1396 14 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1396 15 at at IN 5180 1396 16 868 868 CD 5180 1396 17 , , , 5180 1396 18 which which WDT 5180 1396 19 facilitates facilitate VBZ 5180 1396 20 speech speech NN 5180 1396 21 that that WDT 5180 1396 22 is be VBZ 5180 1396 23 " " `` 5180 1396 24 as as RB 5180 1396 25 diverse diverse JJ 5180 1396 26 as as IN 5180 1396 27 human human JJ 5180 1396 28 thought thought NN 5180 1396 29 , , , 5180 1396 30 " " '' 5180 1396 31 i -PRON- PRP 5180 1396 32 d d VBN 5180 1396 33 . . . 5180 1397 1 at at IN 5180 1397 2 870 870 CD 5180 1397 3 , , , 5180 1397 4 software software NN 5180 1397 5 filters filter NNS 5180 1397 6 single single JJ 5180 1397 7 out out RP 5180 1397 8 for for IN 5180 1397 9 exclusion exclusion NN 5180 1397 10 particular particular JJ 5180 1397 11 speech speech NN 5180 1397 12 on on IN 5180 1397 13 the the DT 5180 1397 14 basis basis NN 5180 1397 15 of of IN 5180 1397 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1397 17 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1397 18 content content NN 5180 1397 19 . . . 5180 1398 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1398 2 hold hold VBP 5180 1398 3 that that IN 5180 1398 4 these these DT 5180 1398 5 content- content- XX 5180 1398 6 based base VBN 5180 1398 7 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1398 8 on on IN 5180 1398 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 1398 10 ' ' POS 5180 1398 11 access access NN 5180 1398 12 to to IN 5180 1398 13 speech speech NN 5180 1398 14 are be VBP 5180 1398 15 subject subject JJ 5180 1398 16 to to IN 5180 1398 17 strict strict JJ 5180 1398 18 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1398 19 . . . 5180 1399 1 4 4 LS 5180 1399 2 . . . 5180 1400 1 Application application NN 5180 1400 2 of of IN 5180 1400 3 Strict Strict NNP 5180 1400 4 Scrutiny Scrutiny NNP 5180 1400 5 Having have VBG 5180 1400 6 concluded conclude VBD 5180 1400 7 that that IN 5180 1400 8 strict strict JJ 5180 1400 9 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1400 10 applies apply VBZ 5180 1400 11 to to IN 5180 1400 12 public public JJ 5180 1400 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1400 14 ' ' POS 5180 1400 15 content content NN 5180 1400 16 - - HYPH 5180 1400 17 based base VBN 5180 1400 18 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1400 19 on on IN 5180 1400 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 1400 21 ' ' POS 5180 1400 22 access access NN 5180 1400 23 to to IN 5180 1400 24 speech speech NN 5180 1400 25 on on IN 5180 1400 26 the the DT 5180 1400 27 Internet internet NN 5180 1400 28 , , , 5180 1400 29 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1400 30 must must MD 5180 1400 31 next next RB 5180 1400 32 determine determine VB 5180 1400 33 whether whether IN 5180 1400 34 a a DT 5180 1400 35 public public JJ 5180 1400 36 library library NN 5180 1400 37 's 's POS 5180 1400 38 use use NN 5180 1400 39 of of IN 5180 1400 40 Internet internet NN 5180 1400 41 software software NN 5180 1400 42 filters filter NNS 5180 1400 43 can can MD 5180 1400 44 survive survive VB 5180 1400 45 strict strict JJ 5180 1400 46 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1400 47 . . . 5180 1401 1 To to TO 5180 1401 2 survive survive VB 5180 1401 3 strict strict JJ 5180 1401 4 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1401 5 , , , 5180 1401 6 a a DT 5180 1401 7 restriction restriction NN 5180 1401 8 on on IN 5180 1401 9 speech speech NN 5180 1401 10 " " '' 5180 1401 11 must must MD 5180 1401 12 be be VB 5180 1401 13 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1401 14 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1401 15 to to TO 5180 1401 16 promote promote VB 5180 1401 17 a a DT 5180 1401 18 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1401 19 Government Government NNP 5180 1401 20 interest interest NN 5180 1401 21 . . . 5180 1402 1 If if IN 5180 1402 2 a a DT 5180 1402 3 less less RBR 5180 1402 4 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1402 5 alternative alternative NN 5180 1402 6 would would MD 5180 1402 7 serve serve VB 5180 1402 8 the the DT 5180 1402 9 Government Government NNP 5180 1402 10 's 's POS 5180 1402 11 purpose purpose NN 5180 1402 12 , , , 5180 1402 13 the the DT 5180 1402 14 legislature legislature NN 5180 1402 15 must must MD 5180 1402 16 use use VB 5180 1402 17 that that DT 5180 1402 18 alternative alternative NN 5180 1402 19 . . . 5180 1402 20 " " '' 5180 1403 1 United United NNP 5180 1403 2 States States NNP 5180 1403 3 v. v. IN 5180 1403 4 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1403 5 Entm't Entm't NNP 5180 1403 6 Group Group NNP 5180 1403 7 , , , 5180 1403 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1403 9 , , , 5180 1403 10 529 529 CD 5180 1403 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1403 12 803 803 CD 5180 1403 13 , , , 5180 1403 14 813 813 CD 5180 1403 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1403 16 2000 2000 CD 5180 1403 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1403 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1403 19 citation citation NN 5180 1403 20 omitted omit VBN 5180 1403 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1403 22 ; ; : 5180 1403 23 see see VB 5180 1403 24 also also RB 5180 1403 25 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1403 26 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1403 27 . . . 5180 1403 28 , , , 5180 1403 29 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1403 30 v. v. CC 5180 1403 31 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 5180 1403 32 Pub Pub NNP 5180 1403 33 . . . 5180 1404 1 Util util IN 5180 1404 2 . . . 5180 1405 1 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 1405 2 , , , 5180 1405 3 896 896 CD 5180 1405 4 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1405 5 780 780 CD 5180 1405 6 , , , 5180 1405 7 787 787 CD 5180 1405 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1405 9 3d 3d NNP 5180 1405 10 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1405 11 . . . 5180 1406 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 1406 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1406 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1406 4 holding hold VBG 5180 1406 5 that that IN 5180 1406 6 a a DT 5180 1406 7 content content NN 5180 1406 8 - - HYPH 5180 1406 9 based base VBN 5180 1406 10 burden burden NN 5180 1406 11 on on IN 5180 1406 12 speech speech NN 5180 1406 13 is be VBZ 5180 1406 14 permissible permissible JJ 5180 1406 15 " " `` 5180 1406 16 only only RB 5180 1406 17 if if IN 5180 1406 18 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1406 19 the the DT 5180 1406 20 government government NN 5180 1406 21 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1406 22 shows show VBZ 5180 1406 23 that that IN 5180 1406 24 the the DT 5180 1406 25 restriction restriction NN 5180 1406 26 serves serve VBZ 5180 1406 27 a a DT 5180 1406 28 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1406 29 interest interest NN 5180 1406 30 and and CC 5180 1406 31 that that IN 5180 1406 32 there there EX 5180 1406 33 are be VBP 5180 1406 34 no no DT 5180 1406 35 less less RBR 5180 1406 36 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1406 37 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1406 38 " " '' 5180 1406 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1406 40 . . . 5180 1407 1 The the DT 5180 1407 2 application application NN 5180 1407 3 of of IN 5180 1407 4 strict strict JJ 5180 1407 5 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1407 6 to to IN 5180 1407 7 a a DT 5180 1407 8 public public JJ 5180 1407 9 library library NN 5180 1407 10 's 's POS 5180 1407 11 use use NN 5180 1407 12 of of IN 5180 1407 13 filtering filtering NN 5180 1407 14 products product NNS 5180 1407 15 thus thus RB 5180 1407 16 requires require VBZ 5180 1407 17 three three CD 5180 1407 18 distinct distinct JJ 5180 1407 19 inquiries inquiry NNS 5180 1407 20 . . . 5180 1408 1 First first RB 5180 1408 2 , , , 5180 1408 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1408 4 must must MD 5180 1408 5 identify identify VB 5180 1408 6 those those DT 5180 1408 7 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1408 8 government government NN 5180 1408 9 interests interest NNS 5180 1408 10 that that IN 5180 1408 11 the the DT 5180 1408 12 use use NN 5180 1408 13 of of IN 5180 1408 14 filtering filter VBG 5180 1408 15 software software NN 5180 1408 16 promotes promote NNS 5180 1408 17 . . . 5180 1409 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1409 2 is be VBZ 5180 1409 3 then then RB 5180 1409 4 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1409 5 to to TO 5180 1409 6 analyze analyze VB 5180 1409 7 whether whether IN 5180 1409 8 the the DT 5180 1409 9 use use NN 5180 1409 10 of of IN 5180 1409 11 software software NN 5180 1409 12 filters filter NNS 5180 1409 13 is be VBZ 5180 1409 14 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1409 15 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1409 16 to to TO 5180 1409 17 further further RB 5180 1409 18 those those DT 5180 1409 19 interests interest NNS 5180 1409 20 . . . 5180 1410 1 Finally finally RB 5180 1410 2 , , , 5180 1410 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1410 4 must must MD 5180 1410 5 determine determine VB 5180 1410 6 whether whether IN 5180 1410 7 less less JJR 5180 1410 8 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1410 9 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1410 10 exist exist VBP 5180 1410 11 that that WDT 5180 1410 12 would would MD 5180 1410 13 promote promote VB 5180 1410 14 the the DT 5180 1410 15 state state NN 5180 1410 16 interest interest NN 5180 1410 17 . . . 5180 1411 1 1 1 LS 5180 1411 2 . . . 5180 1412 1 State state NN 5180 1412 2 Interests interest NNS 5180 1412 3 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1412 4 begin begin VBP 5180 1412 5 by by IN 5180 1412 6 identifying identify VBG 5180 1412 7 those those DT 5180 1412 8 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1412 9 state state NN 5180 1412 10 interests interest NNS 5180 1412 11 that that WDT 5180 1412 12 a a DT 5180 1412 13 public public JJ 5180 1412 14 library library NN 5180 1412 15 's 's POS 5180 1412 16 use use NN 5180 1412 17 of of IN 5180 1412 18 software software NN 5180 1412 19 filters filter NNS 5180 1412 20 promotes promote VBZ 5180 1412 21 . . . 5180 1413 1 1 1 LS 5180 1413 2 . . . 5180 1414 1 Preventing prevent VBG 5180 1414 2 the the DT 5180 1414 3 Dissemination Dissemination NNP 5180 1414 4 of of IN 5180 1414 5 Obscenity Obscenity NNP 5180 1414 6 , , , 5180 1414 7 Child Child NNP 5180 1414 8 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 1414 9 , , , 5180 1414 10 and and CC 5180 1414 11 Material Material NNP 5180 1414 12 Harmful harmful JJ 5180 1414 13 to to IN 5180 1414 14 Minors minor NNS 5180 1414 15 On on IN 5180 1414 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1414 17 face face NN 5180 1414 18 , , , 5180 1414 19 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1414 20 is be VBZ 5180 1414 21 clearly clearly RB 5180 1414 22 intended intend VBN 5180 1414 23 to to TO 5180 1414 24 prevent prevent VB 5180 1414 25 public public JJ 5180 1414 26 libraries library NNS 5180 1414 27 ' ' POS 5180 1414 28 Internet internet NN 5180 1414 29 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1414 30 from from IN 5180 1414 31 being be VBG 5180 1414 32 used use VBN 5180 1414 33 to to TO 5180 1414 34 disseminate disseminate VB 5180 1414 35 to to IN 5180 1414 36 library library NN 5180 1414 37 patrons patron NNS 5180 1414 38 visual visual JJ 5180 1414 39 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1414 40 that that WDT 5180 1414 41 are be VBP 5180 1414 42 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1414 43 , , , 5180 1414 44 child child NN 5180 1414 45 pornography pornography NN 5180 1414 46 , , , 5180 1414 47 or or CC 5180 1414 48 in in IN 5180 1414 49 the the DT 5180 1414 50 case case NN 5180 1414 51 of of IN 5180 1414 52 minors minor NNS 5180 1414 53 , , , 5180 1414 54 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1414 55 to to IN 5180 1414 56 minors minor NNS 5180 1414 57 . . . 5180 1415 1 See see VB 5180 1415 2 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1415 3 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1415 4 . . . 5180 1416 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 1416 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1416 3 codified codify VBN 5180 1416 4 at at IN 5180 1416 5 20 20 CD 5180 1416 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1417 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1417 2 . . . 5180 1418 1 9134(f)(1)(A 9134(f)(1)(A NNP 5180 1418 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1418 3 & & CC 5180 1418 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1418 5 B B NNP 5180 1418 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1418 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1418 8 , , , 5180 1418 9 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1418 10 . . . 5180 1419 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 1419 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1419 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1419 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1419 5 at at IN 5180 1419 6 47 47 CD 5180 1419 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1420 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1420 2 . . . 5180 1421 1 254(h)(6)(B 254(h)(6)(b LS 5180 1421 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1421 3 & & CC 5180 1421 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1421 5 C C NNP 5180 1421 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1421 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1421 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1421 9 requiring require VBG 5180 1421 10 any any DT 5180 1421 11 library library NN 5180 1421 12 that that WDT 5180 1421 13 receives receive VBZ 5180 1421 14 E e NN 5180 1421 15 - - NN 5180 1421 16 rate rate NN 5180 1421 17 discounts discount NNS 5180 1421 18 to to TO 5180 1421 19 certify certify VB 5180 1421 20 that that IN 5180 1421 21 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1421 22 is be VBZ 5180 1421 23 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 1421 24 " " `` 5180 1421 25 a a DT 5180 1421 26 policy policy NN 5180 1421 27 of of IN 5180 1421 28 Internet internet NN 5180 1421 29 safety safety NN 5180 1421 30 that that WDT 5180 1421 31 includes include VBZ 5180 1421 32 the the DT 5180 1421 33 operation operation NN 5180 1421 34 of of IN 5180 1421 35 a a DT 5180 1421 36 technology technology NN 5180 1421 37 protection protection NN 5180 1421 38 measure measure NN 5180 1421 39 with with IN 5180 1421 40 respect respect NN 5180 1421 41 to to IN 5180 1421 42 any any DT 5180 1421 43 of of IN 5180 1421 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1421 45 computers computer NNS 5180 1421 46 with with IN 5180 1421 47 Internet internet NN 5180 1421 48 access access NN 5180 1421 49 that that WDT 5180 1421 50 protects protect VBZ 5180 1421 51 against against IN 5180 1421 52 access access NN 5180 1421 53 through through IN 5180 1421 54 such such JJ 5180 1421 55 computers computer NNS 5180 1421 56 to to IN 5180 1421 57 visual visual JJ 5180 1421 58 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1421 59 " " '' 5180 1421 60 that that WDT 5180 1421 61 are be VBP 5180 1421 62 " " `` 5180 1421 63 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1421 64 " " '' 5180 1421 65 or or CC 5180 1421 66 " " `` 5180 1421 67 child child NN 5180 1421 68 pornography pornography NN 5180 1421 69 , , , 5180 1421 70 " " '' 5180 1421 71 and and CC 5180 1421 72 , , , 5180 1421 73 when when WRB 5180 1421 74 the the DT 5180 1421 75 computers computer NNS 5180 1421 76 are be VBP 5180 1421 77 in in IN 5180 1421 78 use use NN 5180 1421 79 by by IN 5180 1421 80 minors minor NNS 5180 1421 81 , , , 5180 1421 82 also also RB 5180 1421 83 protects protect VBZ 5180 1421 84 against against IN 5180 1421 85 access access NN 5180 1421 86 to to IN 5180 1421 87 visual visual JJ 5180 1421 88 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1421 89 that that WDT 5180 1421 90 are be VBP 5180 1421 91 " " `` 5180 1421 92 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1421 93 to to IN 5180 1421 94 minors minor NNS 5180 1421 95 " " '' 5180 1421 96 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1421 97 . . . 5180 1422 1 The the DT 5180 1422 2 government government NN 5180 1422 3 's 's POS 5180 1422 4 interest interest NN 5180 1422 5 in in IN 5180 1422 6 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1422 7 the the DT 5180 1422 8 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1422 9 of of IN 5180 1422 10 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1422 11 , , , 5180 1422 12 child child NN 5180 1422 13 pornography pornography NN 5180 1422 14 , , , 5180 1422 15 or or CC 5180 1422 16 , , , 5180 1422 17 in in IN 5180 1422 18 the the DT 5180 1422 19 case case NN 5180 1422 20 of of IN 5180 1422 21 minors minor NNS 5180 1422 22 , , , 5180 1422 23 material material NN 5180 1422 24 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1422 25 to to IN 5180 1422 26 minors minor NNS 5180 1422 27 , , , 5180 1422 28 is be VBZ 5180 1422 29 well well RB 5180 1422 30 - - HYPH 5180 1422 31 established establish VBN 5180 1422 32 . . . 5180 1423 1 Speech speech NN 5180 1423 2 that that WDT 5180 1423 3 is be VBZ 5180 1423 4 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1423 5 , , , 5180 1423 6 under under IN 5180 1423 7 the the DT 5180 1423 8 legal legal JJ 5180 1423 9 definition definition NN 5180 1423 10 of of IN 5180 1423 11 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1423 12 set set VBN 5180 1423 13 forth forth RP 5180 1423 14 in in IN 5180 1423 15 the the DT 5180 1423 16 margin margin NN 5180 1423 17 , , , 5180 1423 18 is be VBZ 5180 1423 19 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1423 20 under under IN 5180 1423 21 the the DT 5180 1423 22 First First NNP 5180 1423 23 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1423 24 , , , 5180 1423 25 and and CC 5180 1423 26 accordingly accordingly RB 5180 1423 27 the the DT 5180 1423 28 state state NN 5180 1423 29 has have VBZ 5180 1423 30 a a DT 5180 1423 31 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1423 32 interest interest NN 5180 1423 33 in in IN 5180 1423 34 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1423 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1423 36 distribution distribution NN 5180 1423 37 . . . 5180 1424 1 See see VB 5180 1424 2 Miller Miller NNP 5180 1424 3 v. v. IN 5180 1424 4 California California NNP 5180 1424 5 , , , 5180 1424 6 413 413 CD 5180 1424 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1424 8 15 15 CD 5180 1424 9 , , , 5180 1424 10 18 18 CD 5180 1424 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1424 12 1973 1973 CD 5180 1424 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1424 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1424 15 " " `` 5180 1424 16 This this DT 5180 1424 17 Court Court NNP 5180 1424 18 has have VBZ 5180 1424 19 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1424 20 that that IN 5180 1424 21 the the DT 5180 1424 22 States state NNS 5180 1424 23 have have VBP 5180 1424 24 a a DT 5180 1424 25 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1424 26 interest interest NN 5180 1424 27 in in IN 5180 1424 28 prohibiting prohibit VBG 5180 1424 29 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1424 30 or or CC 5180 1424 31 exhibition exhibition NN 5180 1424 32 of of IN 5180 1424 33 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1424 34 material material NN 5180 1424 35 . . . 5180 1425 1 ") ") `` 5180 1425 2 ; ; : 5180 1425 3 Stanley Stanley NNP 5180 1425 4 v. v. IN 5180 1425 5 Georgia Georgia NNP 5180 1425 6 , , , 5180 1425 7 394 394 CD 5180 1425 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1425 9 557 557 CD 5180 1425 10 , , , 5180 1425 11 563 563 CD 5180 1425 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1425 13 1969 1969 CD 5180 1425 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1425 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1425 16 " " `` 5180 1425 17 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1425 18 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1425 19 First First NNP 5180 1425 20 and and CC 5180 1425 21 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 5180 1425 22 Amendments Amendments NNPS 5180 1425 23 recognize recognize VBP 5180 1425 24 a a DT 5180 1425 25 valid valid JJ 5180 1425 26 governmental governmental JJ 5180 1425 27 interest interest NN 5180 1425 28 in in IN 5180 1425 29 dealing deal VBG 5180 1425 30 with with IN 5180 1425 31 the the DT 5180 1425 32 problem problem NN 5180 1425 33 of of IN 5180 1425 34 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1425 35 . . . 5180 1426 1 ") ") `` 5180 1426 2 ; ; : 5180 1426 3 Roth Roth NNP 5180 1426 4 v. v. IN 5180 1426 5 United United NNP 5180 1426 6 States States NNP 5180 1426 7 , , , 5180 1426 8 354 354 CD 5180 1426 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1426 10 476 476 CD 5180 1426 11 , , , 5180 1426 12 485 485 CD 5180 1426 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1426 14 1957 1957 CD 5180 1426 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1426 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1426 17 " " `` 5180 1426 18 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1426 19 hold hold VBP 5180 1426 20 that that IN 5180 1426 21 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1426 22 is be VBZ 5180 1426 23 not not RB 5180 1426 24 within within IN 5180 1426 25 the the DT 5180 1426 26 area area NN 5180 1426 27 of of IN 5180 1426 28 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1426 29 protected protect VBN 5180 1426 30 speech speech NN 5180 1426 31 of of IN 5180 1426 32 press press NN 5180 1426 33 . . . 5180 1426 34 " " '' 5180 1426 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1426 36 . . . 5180 1427 1 The the DT 5180 1427 2 First First NNP 5180 1427 3 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1427 4 also also RB 5180 1427 5 permits permit VBZ 5180 1427 6 the the DT 5180 1427 7 state state NN 5180 1427 8 to to TO 5180 1427 9 prohibit prohibit VB 5180 1427 10 the the DT 5180 1427 11 distribution distribution NN 5180 1427 12 to to IN 5180 1427 13 minors minor NNS 5180 1427 14 of of IN 5180 1427 15 material material NN 5180 1427 16 that that WDT 5180 1427 17 , , , 5180 1427 18 while while IN 5180 1427 19 not not RB 5180 1427 20 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1427 21 with with IN 5180 1427 22 respect respect NN 5180 1427 23 to to IN 5180 1427 24 adults adult NNS 5180 1427 25 , , , 5180 1427 26 is be VBZ 5180 1427 27 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1427 28 with with IN 5180 1427 29 respect respect NN 5180 1427 30 to to IN 5180 1427 31 minors minor NNS 5180 1427 32 . . . 5180 1428 1 See see VB 5180 1428 2 Ginsberg Ginsberg NNP 5180 1428 3 v. v. CC 5180 1428 4 New New NNP 5180 1428 5 York York NNP 5180 1428 6 , , , 5180 1428 7 390 390 CD 5180 1428 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1428 9 629 629 CD 5180 1428 10 , , , 5180 1428 11 637 637 CD 5180 1428 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1428 13 1968 1968 CD 5180 1428 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1428 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1428 16 holding hold VBG 5180 1428 17 that that IN 5180 1428 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1428 19 is be VBZ 5180 1428 20 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1428 21 permissible permissible JJ 5180 1428 22 " " '' 5180 1428 23 to to TO 5180 1428 24 accord accord VB 5180 1428 25 minors minor NNS 5180 1428 26 under under IN 5180 1428 27 17 17 CD 5180 1428 28 a a DT 5180 1428 29 more more RBR 5180 1428 30 restricted restricted JJ 5180 1428 31 right right RB 5180 1428 32 than than IN 5180 1428 33 that that DT 5180 1428 34 assured assure VBN 5180 1428 35 to to IN 5180 1428 36 adults adult NNS 5180 1428 37 to to TO 5180 1428 38 judge judge VB 5180 1428 39 and and CC 5180 1428 40 determine determine VB 5180 1428 41 for for IN 5180 1428 42 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 1428 43 what what WP 5180 1428 44 sex sex NN 5180 1428 45 material material NN 5180 1428 46 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1428 47 may may MD 5180 1428 48 read read VB 5180 1428 49 or or CC 5180 1428 50 see see VB 5180 1428 51 " " '' 5180 1428 52 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1428 53 . . . 5180 1429 1 Proscribing proscribe VBG 5180 1429 2 the the DT 5180 1429 3 distribution distribution NN 5180 1429 4 of of IN 5180 1429 5 such such JJ 5180 1429 6 material material NN 5180 1429 7 to to IN 5180 1429 8 minors minors NNP 5180 1429 9 is be VBZ 5180 1429 10 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1429 11 justified justify VBN 5180 1429 12 by by IN 5180 1429 13 the the DT 5180 1429 14 government government NN 5180 1429 15 's 's POS 5180 1429 16 well well RB 5180 1429 17 - - HYPH 5180 1429 18 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1429 19 interest interest NN 5180 1429 20 in in IN 5180 1429 21 safeguarding safeguard VBG 5180 1429 22 minors minor NNS 5180 1429 23 ' ' POS 5180 1429 24 well well RB 5180 1429 25 - - HYPH 5180 1429 26 being being NN 5180 1429 27 . . . 5180 1430 1 See see VB 5180 1430 2 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1430 3 v. v. IN 5180 1430 4 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 1430 5 , , , 5180 1430 6 521 521 CD 5180 1430 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1430 8 844 844 CD 5180 1430 9 , , , 5180 1430 10 869 869 CD 5180 1430 11 - - SYM 5180 1430 12 70 70 CD 5180 1430 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1430 14 1997 1997 CD 5180 1430 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1430 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1430 17 " " `` 5180 1430 18 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1430 19 T]here T]here NNP 5180 1430 20 is be VBZ 5180 1430 21 a a DT 5180 1430 22 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1430 23 interest interest NN 5180 1430 24 in in IN 5180 1430 25 protecting protect VBG 5180 1430 26 the the DT 5180 1430 27 physical physical JJ 5180 1430 28 and and CC 5180 1430 29 psychological psychological JJ 5180 1430 30 well well NN 5180 1430 31 - - HYPH 5180 1430 32 being being NN 5180 1430 33 of of IN 5180 1430 34 minors minor NNS 5180 1430 35 which which WDT 5180 1430 36 extend[s extend[s RB 5180 1430 37 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1430 38 to to TO 5180 1430 39 shielding shield VBG 5180 1430 40 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1430 41 from from IN 5180 1430 42 indecent indecent JJ 5180 1430 43 messages message NNS 5180 1430 44 that that WDT 5180 1430 45 are be VBP 5180 1430 46 not not RB 5180 1430 47 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1430 48 by by IN 5180 1430 49 adult adult NN 5180 1430 50 standards standard NNS 5180 1430 51 . . . 5180 1431 1 . . . 5180 1432 1 . . . 5180 1433 1 . . . 5180 1433 2 " " '' 5180 1433 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1434 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1434 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1434 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1434 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1434 5 and and CC 5180 1434 6 citation citation NN 5180 1434 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1434 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1434 9 ; ; : 5180 1434 10 New New NNP 5180 1434 11 York York NNP 5180 1434 12 v. v. IN 5180 1434 13 Ferber Ferber NNP 5180 1434 14 , , , 5180 1434 15 458 458 CD 5180 1434 16 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1434 17 747 747 CD 5180 1434 18 , , , 5180 1434 19 756 756 CD 5180 1434 20 - - SYM 5180 1434 21 57 57 CD 5180 1434 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1434 23 1982 1982 CD 5180 1434 24 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1434 25 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1434 26 " " `` 5180 1434 27 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1434 28 is be VBZ 5180 1434 29 evident evident JJ 5180 1434 30 beyond beyond IN 5180 1434 31 the the DT 5180 1434 32 need need NN 5180 1434 33 for for IN 5180 1434 34 elaboration elaboration NN 5180 1434 35 that that IN 5180 1434 36 a a DT 5180 1434 37 State state NN 5180 1434 38 's 's POS 5180 1434 39 interest interest NN 5180 1434 40 in in IN 5180 1434 41 safeguarding safeguard VBG 5180 1434 42 the the DT 5180 1434 43 physical physical JJ 5180 1434 44 and and CC 5180 1434 45 psychological psychological JJ 5180 1434 46 well well NN 5180 1434 47 - - HYPH 5180 1434 48 being being NN 5180 1434 49 of of IN 5180 1434 50 a a DT 5180 1434 51 minor minor JJ 5180 1434 52 is be VBZ 5180 1434 53 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1434 54 . . . 5180 1434 55 " " '' 5180 1434 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1435 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1435 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1435 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1435 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1435 5 and and CC 5180 1435 6 citation citation NN 5180 1435 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1435 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1435 9 ; ; : 5180 1435 10 Ginsberg Ginsberg NNP 5180 1435 11 , , , 5180 1435 12 390 390 CD 5180 1435 13 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1435 14 at at IN 5180 1435 15 640 640 CD 5180 1435 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1435 17 " " `` 5180 1435 18 The the DT 5180 1435 19 State state NN 5180 1435 20 . . . 5180 1436 1 . . . 5180 1437 1 . . . 5180 1438 1 has have VBZ 5180 1438 2 an an DT 5180 1438 3 independent independent JJ 5180 1438 4 interest interest NN 5180 1438 5 in in IN 5180 1438 6 the the DT 5180 1438 7 well well NN 5180 1438 8 - - HYPH 5180 1438 9 being being NN 5180 1438 10 of of IN 5180 1438 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1438 12 youth youth NN 5180 1438 13 . . . 5180 1438 14 " " '' 5180 1438 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1438 16 . . . 5180 1439 1 The the DT 5180 1439 2 government government NN 5180 1439 3 's 's POS 5180 1439 4 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1439 5 interest interest NN 5180 1439 6 in in IN 5180 1439 7 protecting protect VBG 5180 1439 8 the the DT 5180 1439 9 well- well- XX 5180 1439 10 being being NN 5180 1439 11 of of IN 5180 1439 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1439 13 youth youth NN 5180 1439 14 justifies justifie NNS 5180 1439 15 laws law NNS 5180 1439 16 that that WDT 5180 1439 17 criminalize criminalize VBP 5180 1439 18 not not RB 5180 1439 19 only only RB 5180 1439 20 the the DT 5180 1439 21 distribution distribution NN 5180 1439 22 to to IN 5180 1439 23 minors minor NNS 5180 1439 24 of of IN 5180 1439 25 material material NN 5180 1439 26 that that WDT 5180 1439 27 is be VBZ 5180 1439 28 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1439 29 to to IN 5180 1439 30 minors minor NNS 5180 1439 31 , , , 5180 1439 32 but but CC 5180 1439 33 also also RB 5180 1439 34 the the DT 5180 1439 35 possession possession NN 5180 1439 36 and and CC 5180 1439 37 distribution distribution NN 5180 1439 38 of of IN 5180 1439 39 child child NN 5180 1439 40 pornography pornography NN 5180 1439 41 . . . 5180 1440 1 See see VB 5180 1440 2 Osborne Osborne NNP 5180 1440 3 v. v. IN 5180 1440 4 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 1440 5 , , , 5180 1440 6 495 495 CD 5180 1440 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1440 8 103 103 CD 5180 1440 9 , , , 5180 1440 10 111 111 CD 5180 1440 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1440 12 1990 1990 CD 5180 1440 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1440 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1440 15 holding hold VBG 5180 1440 16 that that IN 5180 1440 17 a a DT 5180 1440 18 state state NN 5180 1440 19 " " `` 5180 1440 20 may may MD 5180 1440 21 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1440 22 proscribe proscribe VB 5180 1440 23 the the DT 5180 1440 24 possession possession NN 5180 1440 25 and and CC 5180 1440 26 viewing viewing NN 5180 1440 27 of of IN 5180 1440 28 child child NN 5180 1440 29 pornography pornography NN 5180 1440 30 " " '' 5180 1440 31 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1440 32 ; ; : 5180 1440 33 Ferber Ferber NNP 5180 1440 34 , , , 5180 1440 35 458 458 CD 5180 1440 36 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1440 37 at at IN 5180 1440 38 757 757 CD 5180 1440 39 , , , 5180 1440 40 763 763 CD 5180 1440 41 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1440 42 noting note VBG 5180 1440 43 that that IN 5180 1440 44 " " `` 5180 1440 45 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1440 46 t]he t]he NN 5180 1440 47 prevention prevention NN 5180 1440 48 of of IN 5180 1440 49 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1440 50 exploitation exploitation NN 5180 1440 51 and and CC 5180 1440 52 abuse abuse NN 5180 1440 53 of of IN 5180 1440 54 children child NNS 5180 1440 55 constitutes constitute VBZ 5180 1440 56 a a DT 5180 1440 57 government government NN 5180 1440 58 objective objective NN 5180 1440 59 of of IN 5180 1440 60 surpassing surpass VBG 5180 1440 61 importance importance NN 5180 1440 62 , , , 5180 1440 63 " " '' 5180 1440 64 and and CC 5180 1440 65 holding hold VBG 5180 1440 66 that that DT 5180 1440 67 " " `` 5180 1440 68 child child NN 5180 1440 69 pornography pornography NN 5180 1440 70 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1440 71 is be VBZ 5180 1440 72 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1440 73 a a DT 5180 1440 74 category category NN 5180 1440 75 of of IN 5180 1440 76 material material NN 5180 1440 77 outside outside IN 5180 1440 78 the the DT 5180 1440 79 protection protection NN 5180 1440 80 of of IN 5180 1440 81 the the DT 5180 1440 82 First First NNP 5180 1440 83 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1440 84 " " '' 5180 1440 85 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1440 86 . . . 5180 1441 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1441 2 , , , 5180 1441 3 a a DT 5180 1441 4 public public JJ 5180 1441 5 library library NN 5180 1441 6 's 's POS 5180 1441 7 use use NN 5180 1441 8 of of IN 5180 1441 9 software software NN 5180 1441 10 filters filter NNS 5180 1441 11 survives survive VBZ 5180 1441 12 strict strict JJ 5180 1441 13 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1441 14 if if IN 5180 1441 15 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1441 16 is be VBZ 5180 1441 17 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1441 18 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1441 19 to to TO 5180 1441 20 further further RB 5180 1441 21 the the DT 5180 1441 22 state state NN 5180 1441 23 's 's POS 5180 1441 24 well well RB 5180 1441 25 - - HYPH 5180 1441 26 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1441 27 interest interest NN 5180 1441 28 in in IN 5180 1441 29 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1441 30 the the DT 5180 1441 31 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1441 32 of of IN 5180 1441 33 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1441 34 and and CC 5180 1441 35 child child NN 5180 1441 36 pornography pornography NN 5180 1441 37 , , , 5180 1441 38 and and CC 5180 1441 39 in in IN 5180 1441 40 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1441 41 minors minor NNS 5180 1441 42 from from IN 5180 1441 43 being be VBG 5180 1441 44 exposed expose VBN 5180 1441 45 to to IN 5180 1441 46 material material NN 5180 1441 47 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1441 48 to to IN 5180 1441 49 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1441 50 well well NN 5180 1441 51 - - HYPH 5180 1441 52 being being NN 5180 1441 53 . . . 5180 1442 1 2 2 LS 5180 1442 2 . . . 5180 1443 1 Protecting protect VBG 5180 1443 2 the the DT 5180 1443 3 Unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1443 4 Viewer Viewer NNP 5180 1443 5 Several Several NNP 5180 1443 6 of of IN 5180 1443 7 the the DT 5180 1443 8 libraries library NNS 5180 1443 9 that that WDT 5180 1443 10 use use VBP 5180 1443 11 filters filter NNS 5180 1443 12 assert assert VBP 5180 1443 13 that that IN 5180 1443 14 filters filter NNS 5180 1443 15 serve serve VBP 5180 1443 16 the the DT 5180 1443 17 libraries library NNS 5180 1443 18 ' ' POS 5180 1443 19 interest interest NN 5180 1443 20 in in IN 5180 1443 21 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1443 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 1443 23 from from IN 5180 1443 24 being be VBG 5180 1443 25 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1443 26 exposed expose VBN 5180 1443 27 to to IN 5180 1443 28 sexually sexually RB 5180 1443 29 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1443 30 speech speech NN 5180 1443 31 that that WDT 5180 1443 32 the the DT 5180 1443 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 1443 34 find find VBP 5180 1443 35 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1443 36 . . . 5180 1444 1 Nearly nearly RB 5180 1444 2 every every DT 5180 1444 3 library library NN 5180 1444 4 proffered proffer VBN 5180 1444 5 by by IN 5180 1444 6 either either CC 5180 1444 7 the the DT 5180 1444 8 government government NN 5180 1444 9 or or CC 5180 1444 10 the the DT 5180 1444 11 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1444 12 received receive VBD 5180 1444 13 complaints complaint NNS 5180 1444 14 , , , 5180 1444 15 in in IN 5180 1444 16 varying vary VBG 5180 1444 17 degrees degree NNS 5180 1444 18 of of IN 5180 1444 19 frequency frequency NN 5180 1444 20 , , , 5180 1444 21 from from IN 5180 1444 22 library library JJ 5180 1444 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 1444 24 who who WP 5180 1444 25 saw see VBD 5180 1444 26 other other JJ 5180 1444 27 patrons patron NNS 5180 1444 28 accessing access VBG 5180 1444 29 sexually sexually RB 5180 1444 30 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1444 31 material material NN 5180 1444 32 on on IN 5180 1444 33 the the DT 5180 1444 34 library library NN 5180 1444 35 's 's POS 5180 1444 36 Internet internet NN 5180 1444 37 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1444 38 . . . 5180 1445 1 In in IN 5180 1445 2 general general JJ 5180 1445 3 , , , 5180 1445 4 First First NNP 5180 1445 5 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1445 6 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 1445 7 is be VBZ 5180 1445 8 reluctant reluctant JJ 5180 1445 9 to to TO 5180 1445 10 recognize recognize VB 5180 1445 11 a a DT 5180 1445 12 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1445 13 state state NN 5180 1445 14 interest interest NN 5180 1445 15 in in IN 5180 1445 16 protecting protect VBG 5180 1445 17 the the DT 5180 1445 18 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1445 19 viewer viewer NN 5180 1445 20 from from IN 5180 1445 21 speech speech NN 5180 1445 22 that that WDT 5180 1445 23 is be VBZ 5180 1445 24 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1445 25 protected protect VBN 5180 1445 26 . . . 5180 1446 1 " " `` 5180 1446 2 Where where WRB 5180 1446 3 the the DT 5180 1446 4 designed design VBN 5180 1446 5 benefit benefit NN 5180 1446 6 of of IN 5180 1446 7 a a DT 5180 1446 8 content content NN 5180 1446 9 - - HYPH 5180 1446 10 based base VBN 5180 1446 11 speech speech NN 5180 1446 12 restriction restriction NN 5180 1446 13 is be VBZ 5180 1446 14 to to TO 5180 1446 15 shield shield VB 5180 1446 16 the the DT 5180 1446 17 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1446 18 of of IN 5180 1446 19 listeners listener NNS 5180 1446 20 , , , 5180 1446 21 the the DT 5180 1446 22 general general JJ 5180 1446 23 rule rule NN 5180 1446 24 is be VBZ 5180 1446 25 that that IN 5180 1446 26 the the DT 5180 1446 27 right right NN 5180 1446 28 of of IN 5180 1446 29 expression expression NN 5180 1446 30 prevails prevail VBZ 5180 1446 31 , , , 5180 1446 32 even even RB 5180 1446 33 where where WRB 5180 1446 34 no no DT 5180 1446 35 less less RBR 5180 1446 36 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1446 37 alternative alternative NN 5180 1446 38 exists exist VBZ 5180 1446 39 . . . 5180 1447 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1447 2 are be VBP 5180 1447 3 expected expect VBN 5180 1447 4 to to TO 5180 1447 5 protect protect VB 5180 1447 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1447 7 own own JJ 5180 1447 8 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1447 9 simply simply RB 5180 1447 10 by by IN 5180 1447 11 averting avert VBG 5180 1447 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1447 13 eyes eye NNS 5180 1447 14 . . . 5180 1447 15 " " '' 5180 1448 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1448 2 , , , 5180 1448 3 529 529 CD 5180 1448 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1448 5 at at IN 5180 1448 6 813 813 CD 5180 1448 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1448 8 2000 2000 CD 5180 1448 9 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1448 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1448 11 internal internal JJ 5180 1448 12 quotation quotation NN 5180 1448 13 marks mark NNS 5180 1448 14 and and CC 5180 1448 15 citation citation NN 5180 1448 16 omitted omit VBD 5180 1448 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1448 18 ; ; : 5180 1448 19 see see VB 5180 1448 20 also also RB 5180 1448 21 Erznoznik Erznoznik NNP 5180 1448 22 v. v. IN 5180 1448 23 City City NNP 5180 1448 24 of of IN 5180 1448 25 Jacksonville Jacksonville NNP 5180 1448 26 , , , 5180 1448 27 422 422 CD 5180 1448 28 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1448 29 205 205 CD 5180 1448 30 , , , 5180 1448 31 209 209 CD 5180 1448 32 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1448 33 1975 1975 CD 5180 1448 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1448 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1448 36 " " `` 5180 1448 37 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1448 38 W]hen w]hen RB 5180 1448 39 the the DT 5180 1448 40 government government NN 5180 1448 41 , , , 5180 1448 42 acting act VBG 5180 1448 43 as as IN 5180 1448 44 censor censor NN 5180 1448 45 , , , 5180 1448 46 undertakes undertake VBZ 5180 1448 47 selectively selectively RB 5180 1448 48 to to TO 5180 1448 49 shield shield VB 5180 1448 50 the the DT 5180 1448 51 public public NN 5180 1448 52 from from IN 5180 1448 53 some some DT 5180 1448 54 kinds kind NNS 5180 1448 55 of of IN 5180 1448 56 speech speech NN 5180 1448 57 on on IN 5180 1448 58 the the DT 5180 1448 59 ground ground NN 5180 1448 60 that that IN 5180 1448 61 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1448 62 are be VBP 5180 1448 63 more more RBR 5180 1448 64 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1448 65 than than IN 5180 1448 66 others other NNS 5180 1448 67 , , , 5180 1448 68 the the DT 5180 1448 69 First First NNP 5180 1448 70 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1448 71 strictly strictly RB 5180 1448 72 limits limit VBZ 5180 1448 73 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1448 74 power power NN 5180 1448 75 . . . 5180 1448 76 " " '' 5180 1448 77 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1448 78 . . . 5180 1449 1 For for IN 5180 1449 2 example example NN 5180 1449 3 , , , 5180 1449 4 in in IN 5180 1449 5 Cohen Cohen NNP 5180 1449 6 v. v. IN 5180 1449 7 California California NNP 5180 1449 8 , , , 5180 1449 9 403 403 CD 5180 1449 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1449 11 15 15 CD 5180 1449 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1449 13 1971 1971 CD 5180 1449 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1449 15 , , , 5180 1449 16 the the DT 5180 1449 17 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1449 18 Court Court NNP 5180 1449 19 reversed reverse VBD 5180 1449 20 defendant defendant NN 5180 1449 21 's 's POS 5180 1449 22 conviction conviction NN 5180 1449 23 for for IN 5180 1449 24 wearing wear VBG 5180 1449 25 , , , 5180 1449 26 in in IN 5180 1449 27 a a DT 5180 1449 28 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1449 29 courthouse courthouse NN 5180 1449 30 , , , 5180 1449 31 a a DT 5180 1449 32 jacket jacket NN 5180 1449 33 bearing bear VBG 5180 1449 34 the the DT 5180 1449 35 inscription inscription NN 5180 1449 36 " " `` 5180 1449 37 Fuck Fuck NNP 5180 1449 38 the the DT 5180 1449 39 Draft Draft NNP 5180 1449 40 . . . 5180 1449 41 " " '' 5180 1450 1 The the DT 5180 1450 2 Court Court NNP 5180 1450 3 noted note VBD 5180 1450 4 that that IN 5180 1450 5 " " `` 5180 1450 6 much much JJ 5180 1450 7 has have VBZ 5180 1450 8 been be VBN 5180 1450 9 made make VBN 5180 1450 10 of of IN 5180 1450 11 the the DT 5180 1450 12 claim claim NN 5180 1450 13 that that IN 5180 1450 14 Cohen Cohen NNP 5180 1450 15 's 's POS 5180 1450 16 distasteful distasteful JJ 5180 1450 17 mode mode NN 5180 1450 18 of of IN 5180 1450 19 expression expression NN 5180 1450 20 was be VBD 5180 1450 21 thrust thrust VBN 5180 1450 22 upon upon IN 5180 1450 23 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1450 24 or or CC 5180 1450 25 unsuspecting unsuspecting JJ 5180 1450 26 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1450 27 , , , 5180 1450 28 and and CC 5180 1450 29 that that IN 5180 1450 30 the the DT 5180 1450 31 State State NNP 5180 1450 32 might may MD 5180 1450 33 therefore therefore RB 5180 1450 34 legitimately legitimately RB 5180 1450 35 act act VB 5180 1450 36 as as IN 5180 1450 37 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1450 38 did do VBD 5180 1450 39 in in IN 5180 1450 40 order order NN 5180 1450 41 to to TO 5180 1450 42 protect protect VB 5180 1450 43 the the DT 5180 1450 44 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 1450 45 from from IN 5180 1450 46 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1450 47 unavoidable unavoidable JJ 5180 1450 48 exposure exposure NN 5180 1450 49 to to IN 5180 1450 50 appellant appellant VB 5180 1450 51 's 's POS 5180 1450 52 crude crude JJ 5180 1450 53 form form NN 5180 1450 54 of of IN 5180 1450 55 protest protest NN 5180 1450 56 . . . 5180 1450 57 " " '' 5180 1451 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1452 1 at at IN 5180 1452 2 21 21 CD 5180 1452 3 . . . 5180 1453 1 This this DT 5180 1453 2 justification justification NN 5180 1453 3 for for IN 5180 1453 4 suppressing suppress VBG 5180 1453 5 speech speech NN 5180 1453 6 failed fail VBD 5180 1453 7 , , , 5180 1453 8 however however RB 5180 1453 9 , , , 5180 1453 10 because because IN 5180 1453 11 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1453 12 " " `` 5180 1453 13 would would MD 5180 1453 14 effectively effectively RB 5180 1453 15 empower empower VB 5180 1453 16 a a DT 5180 1453 17 majority majority NN 5180 1453 18 to to TO 5180 1453 19 silence silence VB 5180 1453 20 dissidents dissident NNS 5180 1453 21 simply simply RB 5180 1453 22 as as IN 5180 1453 23 a a DT 5180 1453 24 matter matter NN 5180 1453 25 of of IN 5180 1453 26 personal personal JJ 5180 1453 27 predilections predilection NNS 5180 1453 28 . . . 5180 1453 29 " " '' 5180 1454 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1455 1 The the DT 5180 1455 2 Court Court NNP 5180 1455 3 concluded conclude VBD 5180 1455 4 that that IN 5180 1455 5 " " `` 5180 1455 6 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1455 7 t]hose t]hose NN 5180 1455 8 in in IN 5180 1455 9 the the DT 5180 1455 10 Los Los NNP 5180 1455 11 Angeles Angeles NNP 5180 1455 12 courthouse courthouse NN 5180 1455 13 could could MD 5180 1455 14 effectively effectively RB 5180 1455 15 avoid avoid VB 5180 1455 16 further further JJ 5180 1455 17 bombardment bombardment NN 5180 1455 18 of of IN 5180 1455 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1455 20 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1455 21 simply simply RB 5180 1455 22 by by IN 5180 1455 23 averting avert VBG 5180 1455 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1455 25 eyes eye NNS 5180 1455 26 . . . 5180 1455 27 " " '' 5180 1456 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1457 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1457 2 , , , 5180 1457 3 in in IN 5180 1457 4 Erznoznik Erznoznik NNP 5180 1457 5 , , , 5180 1457 6 the the DT 5180 1457 7 Court Court NNP 5180 1457 8 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 1457 9 on on IN 5180 1457 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1457 11 face face NN 5180 1457 12 a a DT 5180 1457 13 municipal municipal JJ 5180 1457 14 ordinance ordinance NN 5180 1457 15 prohibiting prohibit VBG 5180 1457 16 drive drive VB 5180 1457 17 - - HYPH 5180 1457 18 in in RP 5180 1457 19 movie movie NN 5180 1457 20 theaters theater NNS 5180 1457 21 from from IN 5180 1457 22 showing show VBG 5180 1457 23 films film NNS 5180 1457 24 containing contain VBG 5180 1457 25 nudity nudity NN 5180 1457 26 if if IN 5180 1457 27 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1457 28 were be VBD 5180 1457 29 visible visible JJ 5180 1457 30 from from IN 5180 1457 31 a a DT 5180 1457 32 public public JJ 5180 1457 33 street street NN 5180 1457 34 or or CC 5180 1457 35 place place NN 5180 1457 36 . . . 5180 1458 1 The the DT 5180 1458 2 city city NN 5180 1458 3 's 's POS 5180 1458 4 " " `` 5180 1458 5 primary primary JJ 5180 1458 6 argument argument NN 5180 1458 7 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1458 8 was be VBD 5180 1458 9 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1458 10 that that IN 5180 1458 11 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1458 12 may may MD 5180 1458 13 protect protect VB 5180 1458 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1458 15 citizens citizen NNS 5180 1458 16 against against IN 5180 1458 17 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1458 18 exposure exposure NN 5180 1458 19 to to IN 5180 1458 20 materials material NNS 5180 1458 21 that that WDT 5180 1458 22 may may MD 5180 1458 23 be be VB 5180 1458 24 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1458 25 . . . 5180 1458 26 " " '' 5180 1459 1 422 422 CD 5180 1459 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1459 3 at at IN 5180 1459 4 208 208 CD 5180 1459 5 . . . 5180 1460 1 The the DT 5180 1460 2 Court Court NNP 5180 1460 3 soundly soundly RB 5180 1460 4 rejected reject VBD 5180 1460 5 this this DT 5180 1460 6 interest interest NN 5180 1460 7 in in IN 5180 1460 8 shielding shield VBG 5180 1460 9 the the DT 5180 1460 10 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1460 11 viewer viewer NN 5180 1460 12 : : : 5180 1460 13 The the DT 5180 1460 14 plain plain JJ 5180 1460 15 , , , 5180 1460 16 if if IN 5180 1460 17 at at IN 5180 1460 18 times time NNS 5180 1460 19 disquieting disquiet VBG 5180 1460 20 , , , 5180 1460 21 truth truth NN 5180 1460 22 is be VBZ 5180 1460 23 that that IN 5180 1460 24 in in IN 5180 1460 25 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1460 26 pluralistic pluralistic JJ 5180 1460 27 society society NN 5180 1460 28 , , , 5180 1460 29 constantly constantly RB 5180 1460 30 proliferating proliferate VBG 5180 1460 31 new new JJ 5180 1460 32 and and CC 5180 1460 33 ingenious ingenious JJ 5180 1460 34 forms form NNS 5180 1460 35 of of IN 5180 1460 36 expression expression NN 5180 1460 37 , , , 5180 1460 38 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1460 39 are be VBP 5180 1460 40 inescapably inescapably RB 5180 1460 41 captive captive JJ 5180 1460 42 audiences audience NNS 5180 1460 43 for for IN 5180 1460 44 many many JJ 5180 1460 45 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1460 46 . . . 5180 1461 1 Much much JJ 5180 1461 2 that that IN 5180 1461 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1461 4 encounter encounter VBP 5180 1461 5 offends offend VBZ 5180 1461 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1461 7 esthetic esthetic JJ 5180 1461 8 , , , 5180 1461 9 if if IN 5180 1461 10 not not RB 5180 1461 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1461 12 political political JJ 5180 1461 13 and and CC 5180 1461 14 moral moral JJ 5180 1461 15 , , , 5180 1461 16 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1461 17 . . . 5180 1462 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 5180 1462 2 , , , 5180 1462 3 the the DT 5180 1462 4 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 1462 5 does do VBZ 5180 1462 6 not not RB 5180 1462 7 permit permit VB 5180 1462 8 government government NN 5180 1462 9 to to TO 5180 1462 10 decide decide VB 5180 1462 11 which which WDT 5180 1462 12 types type NNS 5180 1462 13 of of IN 5180 1462 14 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1462 15 protected protect VBN 5180 1462 16 speech speech NN 5180 1462 17 are be VBP 5180 1462 18 sufficiently sufficiently RB 5180 1462 19 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1462 20 to to TO 5180 1462 21 require require VB 5180 1462 22 protection protection NN 5180 1462 23 for for IN 5180 1462 24 the the DT 5180 1462 25 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1462 26 listener listener NN 5180 1462 27 or or CC 5180 1462 28 viewer viewer NN 5180 1462 29 . . . 5180 1463 1 Rather rather RB 5180 1463 2 , , , 5180 1463 3 absent absent JJ 5180 1463 4 . . . 5180 1464 1 . . . 5180 1465 1 . . . 5180 1466 1 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1466 2 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 1466 3 . . . 5180 1467 1 . . . 5180 1468 1 . . . 5180 1469 1 the the DT 5180 1469 2 burden burden NN 5180 1469 3 normally normally RB 5180 1469 4 falls fall VBZ 5180 1469 5 upon upon IN 5180 1469 6 the the DT 5180 1469 7 viewer viewer NN 5180 1469 8 to to TO 5180 1469 9 avoid avoid VB 5180 1469 10 further further JJ 5180 1469 11 bombardment bombardment NN 5180 1469 12 of of IN 5180 1469 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1469 14 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1469 15 simply simply RB 5180 1469 16 by by IN 5180 1469 17 averting avert VBG 5180 1469 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1469 19 eyes eye NNS 5180 1469 20 . . . 5180 1470 1 422 422 CD 5180 1470 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1470 3 at at IN 5180 1470 4 210 210 CD 5180 1470 5 - - SYM 5180 1470 6 11 11 CD 5180 1470 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1470 8 internal internal JJ 5180 1470 9 quotation quotation NN 5180 1470 10 marks mark NNS 5180 1470 11 and and CC 5180 1470 12 citation citation NN 5180 1470 13 omitted omit VBD 5180 1470 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1470 15 . . . 5180 1471 1 The the DT 5180 1471 2 state state NN 5180 1471 3 's 's POS 5180 1471 4 interest interest NN 5180 1471 5 in in IN 5180 1471 6 protecting protect VBG 5180 1471 7 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1471 8 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1471 9 from from IN 5180 1471 10 exposure exposure NN 5180 1471 11 to to IN 5180 1471 12 patently patently RB 5180 1471 13 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1471 14 material material NN 5180 1471 15 is be VBZ 5180 1471 16 accounted account VBN 5180 1471 17 for for IN 5180 1471 18 , , , 5180 1471 19 to to IN 5180 1471 20 some some DT 5180 1471 21 degree degree NN 5180 1471 22 , , , 5180 1471 23 by by IN 5180 1471 24 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1471 25 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1471 26 , , , 5180 1471 27 which which WDT 5180 1471 28 originated originate VBD 5180 1471 29 in in IN 5180 1471 30 part part NN 5180 1471 31 to to TO 5180 1471 32 permit permit VB 5180 1471 33 the the DT 5180 1471 34 state state NN 5180 1471 35 to to TO 5180 1471 36 shield shield VB 5180 1471 37 the the DT 5180 1471 38 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1471 39 viewer viewer NN 5180 1471 40 . . . 5180 1472 1 " " `` 5180 1472 2 The the DT 5180 1472 3 Miller Miller NNP 5180 1472 4 standard standard NN 5180 1472 5 , , , 5180 1472 6 like like IN 5180 1472 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1472 8 predecessors predecessor NNS 5180 1472 9 , , , 5180 1472 10 was be VBD 5180 1472 11 an an DT 5180 1472 12 accommodation accommodation NN 5180 1472 13 between between IN 5180 1472 14 the the DT 5180 1472 15 State state NN 5180 1472 16 's 's POS 5180 1472 17 interests interest NNS 5180 1472 18 in in IN 5180 1472 19 protecting protect VBG 5180 1472 20 the the DT 5180 1472 21 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1472 22 of of IN 5180 1472 23 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1472 24 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1472 25 from from IN 5180 1472 26 exposure exposure NN 5180 1472 27 to to IN 5180 1472 28 pornographic pornographic JJ 5180 1472 29 material material NN 5180 1472 30 and and CC 5180 1472 31 the the DT 5180 1472 32 dangers danger NNS 5180 1472 33 of of IN 5180 1472 34 censorship censorship NN 5180 1472 35 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1472 36 in in IN 5180 1472 37 unabashedly unabashedly RB 5180 1472 38 content content NN 5180 1472 39 - - HYPH 5180 1472 40 based base VBN 5180 1472 41 laws law NNS 5180 1472 42 . . . 5180 1472 43 " " '' 5180 1473 1 Ferber Ferber NNP 5180 1473 2 , , , 5180 1473 3 458 458 CD 5180 1473 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1473 5 at at IN 5180 1473 6 756 756 CD 5180 1473 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1473 8 internal internal JJ 5180 1473 9 quotation quotation NN 5180 1473 10 marks mark NNS 5180 1473 11 and and CC 5180 1473 12 citation citation NN 5180 1473 13 omitted omit VBD 5180 1473 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1473 15 ; ; : 5180 1473 16 see see VB 5180 1473 17 also also RB 5180 1473 18 Miller Miller NNP 5180 1473 19 , , , 5180 1473 20 413 413 CD 5180 1473 21 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1473 22 at at IN 5180 1473 23 18 18 CD 5180 1473 24 - - SYM 5180 1473 25 19 19 CD 5180 1473 26 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1473 27 " " `` 5180 1473 28 This this DT 5180 1473 29 Court Court NNP 5180 1473 30 has have VBZ 5180 1473 31 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1473 32 that that IN 5180 1473 33 the the DT 5180 1473 34 States state NNS 5180 1473 35 have have VBP 5180 1473 36 a a DT 5180 1473 37 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1473 38 interest interest NN 5180 1473 39 in in IN 5180 1473 40 prohibiting prohibit VBG 5180 1473 41 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1473 42 or or CC 5180 1473 43 exhibition exhibition NN 5180 1473 44 of of IN 5180 1473 45 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1473 46 material material NN 5180 1473 47 when when WRB 5180 1473 48 the the DT 5180 1473 49 mode mode NN 5180 1473 50 of of IN 5180 1473 51 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1473 52 carries carry VBZ 5180 1473 53 with with IN 5180 1473 54 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1473 55 a a DT 5180 1473 56 significant significant JJ 5180 1473 57 danger danger NN 5180 1473 58 of of IN 5180 1473 59 offending offend VBG 5180 1473 60 the the DT 5180 1473 61 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1473 62 of of IN 5180 1473 63 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1473 64 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1473 65 or or CC 5180 1473 66 of of IN 5180 1473 67 exposure exposure NN 5180 1473 68 to to IN 5180 1473 69 juveniles juvenile NNS 5180 1473 70 . . . 5180 1473 71 " " '' 5180 1473 72 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1474 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1474 2 citation citation NNP 5180 1474 3 omitted omit VBN 5180 1474 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1474 5 . . . 5180 1475 1 To to IN 5180 1475 2 the the DT 5180 1475 3 extent extent NN 5180 1475 4 that that DT 5180 1475 5 speech speech NN 5180 1475 6 has have VBZ 5180 1475 7 serious serious JJ 5180 1475 8 literary literary JJ 5180 1475 9 , , , 5180 1475 10 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1475 11 , , , 5180 1475 12 political political JJ 5180 1475 13 , , , 5180 1475 14 or or CC 5180 1475 15 scientific scientific JJ 5180 1475 16 value value NN 5180 1475 17 , , , 5180 1475 18 and and CC 5180 1475 19 therefore therefore RB 5180 1475 20 is be VBZ 5180 1475 21 not not RB 5180 1475 22 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1475 23 under under IN 5180 1475 24 the the DT 5180 1475 25 Miller Miller NNP 5180 1475 26 test test NN 5180 1475 27 of of IN 5180 1475 28 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1475 29 , , , 5180 1475 30 the the DT 5180 1475 31 state state NN 5180 1475 32 's 's POS 5180 1475 33 interest interest NN 5180 1475 34 in in IN 5180 1475 35 shielding shield VBG 5180 1475 36 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1475 37 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1475 38 from from IN 5180 1475 39 such such JJ 5180 1475 40 speech speech NN 5180 1475 41 is be VBZ 5180 1475 42 tenuous tenuous JJ 5180 1475 43 . . . 5180 1476 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1476 2 , , , 5180 1476 3 the the DT 5180 1476 4 Court Court NNP 5180 1476 5 has have VBZ 5180 1476 6 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1476 7 that that IN 5180 1476 8 in in IN 5180 1476 9 certain certain JJ 5180 1476 10 limited limited JJ 5180 1476 11 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 1476 12 , , , 5180 1476 13 the the DT 5180 1476 14 state state NN 5180 1476 15 has have VBZ 5180 1476 16 a a DT 5180 1476 17 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1476 18 interest interest NN 5180 1476 19 in in IN 5180 1476 20 protecting protect VBG 5180 1476 21 the the DT 5180 1476 22 public public NN 5180 1476 23 from from IN 5180 1476 24 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1476 25 exposure exposure NN 5180 1476 26 to to IN 5180 1476 27 speech speech NN 5180 1476 28 that that WDT 5180 1476 29 is be VBZ 5180 1476 30 not not RB 5180 1476 31 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1476 32 . . . 5180 1477 1 This this DT 5180 1477 2 interest interest NN 5180 1477 3 has have VBZ 5180 1477 4 justified justify VBN 5180 1477 5 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1477 6 on on IN 5180 1477 7 speech speech NN 5180 1477 8 " " '' 5180 1477 9 when when WRB 5180 1477 10 the the DT 5180 1477 11 speaker speaker NN 5180 1477 12 intrudes intrude VBZ 5180 1477 13 on on IN 5180 1477 14 the the DT 5180 1477 15 privacy privacy NN 5180 1477 16 of of IN 5180 1477 17 the the DT 5180 1477 18 home home NN 5180 1477 19 , , , 5180 1477 20 or or CC 5180 1477 21 the the DT 5180 1477 22 degree degree NN 5180 1477 23 of of IN 5180 1477 24 captivity captivity NN 5180 1477 25 makes make VBZ 5180 1477 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1477 27 impractical impractical JJ 5180 1477 28 for for IN 5180 1477 29 the the DT 5180 1477 30 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1477 31 viewer viewer NN 5180 1477 32 or or CC 5180 1477 33 auditor auditor NN 5180 1477 34 to to TO 5180 1477 35 avoid avoid VB 5180 1477 36 exposure exposure NN 5180 1477 37 . . . 5180 1477 38 " " '' 5180 1478 1 Erznoznik Erznoznik NNP 5180 1478 2 , , , 5180 1478 3 422 422 CD 5180 1478 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1478 5 at at IN 5180 1478 6 209 209 CD 5180 1478 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1478 8 citations citation NNS 5180 1478 9 omitted omit VBN 5180 1478 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1478 11 . . . 5180 1479 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1479 2 , , , 5180 1479 3 in in IN 5180 1479 4 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1479 5 v. v. IN 5180 1479 6 Pacifica Pacifica NNP 5180 1479 7 Foundation Foundation NNP 5180 1479 8 , , , 5180 1479 9 438 438 CD 5180 1479 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1479 11 726 726 CD 5180 1479 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1479 13 1978 1978 CD 5180 1479 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1479 15 , , , 5180 1479 16 the the DT 5180 1479 17 Court Court NNP 5180 1479 18 relied rely VBD 5180 1479 19 on on IN 5180 1479 20 the the DT 5180 1479 21 state state NN 5180 1479 22 's 's POS 5180 1479 23 interest interest NN 5180 1479 24 in in IN 5180 1479 25 shielding shield VBG 5180 1479 26 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1479 27 ' ' POS 5180 1479 28 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1479 29 to to TO 5180 1479 30 uphold uphold VB 5180 1479 31 a a DT 5180 1479 32 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 1479 33 against against IN 5180 1479 34 profanity profanity NN 5180 1479 35 in in IN 5180 1479 36 radio radio NN 5180 1479 37 broadcasts broadcast NNS 5180 1479 38 : : : 5180 1479 39 Patently patently RB 5180 1479 40 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1479 41 , , , 5180 1479 42 indecent indecent JJ 5180 1479 43 material material NN 5180 1479 44 presented present VBN 5180 1479 45 over over IN 5180 1479 46 the the DT 5180 1479 47 airwaves airwave NNS 5180 1479 48 confronts confront VBZ 5180 1479 49 the the DT 5180 1479 50 citizen citizen NN 5180 1479 51 , , , 5180 1479 52 not not RB 5180 1479 53 only only RB 5180 1479 54 in in IN 5180 1479 55 public public NN 5180 1479 56 , , , 5180 1479 57 but but CC 5180 1479 58 also also RB 5180 1479 59 in in IN 5180 1479 60 the the DT 5180 1479 61 privacy privacy NN 5180 1479 62 of of IN 5180 1479 63 the the DT 5180 1479 64 home home NN 5180 1479 65 , , , 5180 1479 66 where where WRB 5180 1479 67 the the DT 5180 1479 68 individual individual NN 5180 1479 69 's 's POS 5180 1479 70 right right NN 5180 1479 71 to to TO 5180 1479 72 be be VB 5180 1479 73 left leave VBN 5180 1479 74 alone alone JJ 5180 1479 75 plainly plainly RB 5180 1479 76 outweighs outweigh VBZ 5180 1479 77 the the DT 5180 1479 78 First First NNP 5180 1479 79 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1479 80 rights right NNS 5180 1479 81 of of IN 5180 1479 82 an an DT 5180 1479 83 intruder intruder NN 5180 1479 84 . . . 5180 1480 1 Because because IN 5180 1480 2 the the DT 5180 1480 3 broadcast broadcast NN 5180 1480 4 audience audience NN 5180 1480 5 is be VBZ 5180 1480 6 constantly constantly RB 5180 1480 7 tuning tune VBG 5180 1480 8 in in IN 5180 1480 9 and and CC 5180 1480 10 out out RB 5180 1480 11 , , , 5180 1480 12 prior prior JJ 5180 1480 13 warnings warning NNS 5180 1480 14 can can MD 5180 1480 15 not not RB 5180 1480 16 completely completely RB 5180 1480 17 protect protect VB 5180 1480 18 the the DT 5180 1480 19 listener listener NN 5180 1480 20 or or CC 5180 1480 21 viewer viewer NN 5180 1480 22 from from IN 5180 1480 23 unexpected unexpected JJ 5180 1480 24 program program NN 5180 1480 25 content content NN 5180 1480 26 . . . 5180 1481 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1482 1 at at IN 5180 1482 2 748 748 CD 5180 1482 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1482 4 citation citation NN 5180 1482 5 omitted omit VBN 5180 1482 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1482 7 ; ; : 5180 1482 8 accord accord NN 5180 1482 9 Frisby Frisby NNP 5180 1482 10 v. v. IN 5180 1482 11 Schultz Schultz NNP 5180 1482 12 , , , 5180 1482 13 487 487 CD 5180 1482 14 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1482 15 474 474 CD 5180 1482 16 , , , 5180 1482 17 485 485 CD 5180 1482 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1482 19 1988 1988 CD 5180 1482 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1482 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1482 22 " " `` 5180 1482 23 Although although IN 5180 1482 24 in in IN 5180 1482 25 many many JJ 5180 1482 26 locations location NNS 5180 1482 27 , , , 5180 1482 28 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1482 29 expect expect VBP 5180 1482 30 individuals individual NNS 5180 1482 31 simply simply RB 5180 1482 32 to to TO 5180 1482 33 avoid avoid VB 5180 1482 34 speech speech NN 5180 1482 35 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1482 36 do do VBP 5180 1482 37 not not RB 5180 1482 38 want want VB 5180 1482 39 to to TO 5180 1482 40 hear hear VB 5180 1482 41 , , , 5180 1482 42 the the DT 5180 1482 43 home home NN 5180 1482 44 is be VBZ 5180 1482 45 different different JJ 5180 1482 46 . . . 5180 1483 1 ") ") `` 5180 1483 2 ; ; : 5180 1483 3 see see VB 5180 1483 4 also also RB 5180 1483 5 Lehman Lehman NNP 5180 1483 6 v. v. IN 5180 1483 7 City City NNP 5180 1483 8 of of IN 5180 1483 9 Shaker Shaker NNP 5180 1483 10 Heights Heights NNPS 5180 1483 11 , , , 5180 1483 12 418 418 CD 5180 1483 13 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1483 14 298 298 CD 5180 1483 15 , , , 5180 1483 16 302 302 CD 5180 1483 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1483 18 1974 1974 CD 5180 1483 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1483 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1483 21 plurality plurality NN 5180 1483 22 opinion opinion NN 5180 1483 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1483 24 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1483 25 upholding uphold VBG 5180 1483 26 a a DT 5180 1483 27 content content NN 5180 1483 28 - - HYPH 5180 1483 29 based base VBN 5180 1483 30 restriction restriction NN 5180 1483 31 on on IN 5180 1483 32 the the DT 5180 1483 33 sale sale NN 5180 1483 34 of of IN 5180 1483 35 advertising advertising NN 5180 1483 36 space space NN 5180 1483 37 in in IN 5180 1483 38 public public JJ 5180 1483 39 transit transit NN 5180 1483 40 vehicles vehicle NNS 5180 1483 41 and and CC 5180 1483 42 noting note VBG 5180 1483 43 that that IN 5180 1483 44 " " `` 5180 1483 45 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1483 46 t]he t]he NN 5180 1483 47 streetcar streetcar NN 5180 1483 48 audience audience NN 5180 1483 49 is be VBZ 5180 1483 50 a a DT 5180 1483 51 captive captive JJ 5180 1483 52 audience audience NN 5180 1483 53 " " '' 5180 1483 54 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1483 55 . . . 5180 1484 1 Although although IN 5180 1484 2 neither neither CC 5180 1484 3 the the DT 5180 1484 4 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1484 5 Court Court NNP 5180 1484 6 nor nor CC 5180 1484 7 the the DT 5180 1484 8 Third Third NNP 5180 1484 9 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 1484 10 has have VBZ 5180 1484 11 recognized recognize VBN 5180 1484 12 a a DT 5180 1484 13 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1484 14 state state NN 5180 1484 15 interest interest NN 5180 1484 16 in in IN 5180 1484 17 shielding shield VBG 5180 1484 18 the the DT 5180 1484 19 sensibilities sensibility NNS 5180 1484 20 of of IN 5180 1484 21 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1484 22 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1484 23 , , , 5180 1484 24 beyond beyond IN 5180 1484 25 laws law NNS 5180 1484 26 intended intend VBN 5180 1484 27 to to TO 5180 1484 28 preserve preserve VB 5180 1484 29 the the DT 5180 1484 30 privacy privacy NN 5180 1484 31 of of IN 5180 1484 32 individuals individual NNS 5180 1484 33 ' ' POS 5180 1484 34 homes home NNS 5180 1484 35 or or CC 5180 1484 36 to to TO 5180 1484 37 protect protect VB 5180 1484 38 captive captive JJ 5180 1484 39 audiences audience NNS 5180 1484 40 , , , 5180 1484 41 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1484 42 do do VBP 5180 1484 43 not not RB 5180 1484 44 read read VB 5180 1484 45 the the DT 5180 1484 46 case case NN 5180 1484 47 law law NN 5180 1484 48 as as IN 5180 1484 49 categorically categorically RB 5180 1484 50 foreclosing foreclose VBG 5180 1484 51 recognition recognition NN 5180 1484 52 , , , 5180 1484 53 in in IN 5180 1484 54 the the DT 5180 1484 55 public public JJ 5180 1484 56 library library NN 5180 1484 57 setting setting NN 5180 1484 58 , , , 5180 1484 59 of of IN 5180 1484 60 the the DT 5180 1484 61 state state NN 5180 1484 62 's 's POS 5180 1484 63 interest interest NN 5180 1484 64 in in IN 5180 1484 65 protecting protect VBG 5180 1484 66 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1484 67 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1484 68 . . . 5180 1485 1 See see VB 5180 1485 2 Pacifica Pacifica NNP 5180 1485 3 , , , 5180 1485 4 438 438 CD 5180 1485 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1485 6 at at IN 5180 1485 7 749 749 CD 5180 1485 8 n.27 n.27 NNP 5180 1485 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1485 10 " " `` 5180 1485 11 Outside outside IN 5180 1485 12 the the DT 5180 1485 13 home home NN 5180 1485 14 , , , 5180 1485 15 the the DT 5180 1485 16 balance balance NN 5180 1485 17 between between IN 5180 1485 18 the the DT 5180 1485 19 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1485 20 speaker speaker NN 5180 1485 21 and and CC 5180 1485 22 the the DT 5180 1485 23 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1485 24 audience audience NN 5180 1485 25 may may MD 5180 1485 26 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 1485 27 tip tip VB 5180 1485 28 in in IN 5180 1485 29 favor favor NN 5180 1485 30 of of IN 5180 1485 31 the the DT 5180 1485 32 speaker speaker NN 5180 1485 33 , , , 5180 1485 34 requiring require VBG 5180 1485 35 the the DT 5180 1485 36 offended offend VBN 5180 1485 37 listener listener NN 5180 1485 38 to to TO 5180 1485 39 turn turn VB 5180 1485 40 away away RB 5180 1485 41 . . . 5180 1485 42 " " '' 5180 1485 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1486 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1486 2 emphasis emphasis NN 5180 1486 3 added add VBN 5180 1486 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1486 5 . . . 5180 1487 1 Under under IN 5180 1487 2 certain certain JJ 5180 1487 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 1487 4 , , , 5180 1487 5 therefore therefore RB 5180 1487 6 a a DT 5180 1487 7 public public JJ 5180 1487 8 library library NN 5180 1487 9 might may MD 5180 1487 10 have have VB 5180 1487 11 a a DT 5180 1487 12 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1487 13 interest interest NN 5180 1487 14 in in IN 5180 1487 15 protecting protect VBG 5180 1487 16 library library NN 5180 1487 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 1487 18 and and CC 5180 1487 19 staff staff NN 5180 1487 20 from from IN 5180 1487 21 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1487 22 exposure exposure NN 5180 1487 23 to to IN 5180 1487 24 sexually sexually RB 5180 1487 25 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1487 26 speech speech NN 5180 1487 27 that that WDT 5180 1487 28 , , , 5180 1487 29 although although IN 5180 1487 30 not not RB 5180 1487 31 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1487 32 , , , 5180 1487 33 is be VBZ 5180 1487 34 patently patently RB 5180 1487 35 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1487 36 . . . 5180 1488 1 3 3 LS 5180 1488 2 . . . 5180 1489 1 Preventing prevent VBG 5180 1489 2 Unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1489 3 or or CC 5180 1489 4 Inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 1489 5 Conduct conduct NN 5180 1489 6 Several several JJ 5180 1489 7 of of IN 5180 1489 8 the the DT 5180 1489 9 librarians librarian NNS 5180 1489 10 proffered proffer VBN 5180 1489 11 by by IN 5180 1489 12 the the DT 5180 1489 13 government government NN 5180 1489 14 testified testify VBD 5180 1489 15 that that IN 5180 1489 16 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1489 17 Internet internet NN 5180 1489 18 access access NN 5180 1489 19 had have VBD 5180 1489 20 led lead VBN 5180 1489 21 to to IN 5180 1489 22 occurrences occurrence NNS 5180 1489 23 of of IN 5180 1489 24 criminal criminal JJ 5180 1489 25 or or CC 5180 1489 26 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1489 27 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 1489 28 conduct conduct NN 5180 1489 29 by by IN 5180 1489 30 library library NN 5180 1489 31 patrons patron NNS 5180 1489 32 , , , 5180 1489 33 such such JJ 5180 1489 34 as as IN 5180 1489 35 public public JJ 5180 1489 36 masturbation masturbation NN 5180 1489 37 , , , 5180 1489 38 and and CC 5180 1489 39 harassment harassment NN 5180 1489 40 of of IN 5180 1489 41 library library NN 5180 1489 42 staff staff NN 5180 1489 43 and and CC 5180 1489 44 patrons patron NNS 5180 1489 45 , , , 5180 1489 46 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 1489 47 rising rise VBG 5180 1489 48 to to IN 5180 1489 49 the the DT 5180 1489 50 level level NN 5180 1489 51 of of IN 5180 1489 52 physical physical JJ 5180 1489 53 assault assault NN 5180 1489 54 . . . 5180 1490 1 As as IN 5180 1490 2 in in IN 5180 1490 3 the the DT 5180 1490 4 case case NN 5180 1490 5 with with IN 5180 1490 6 patron patron NN 5180 1490 7 complaints complaint NNS 5180 1490 8 , , , 5180 1490 9 however however RB 5180 1490 10 , , , 5180 1490 11 the the DT 5180 1490 12 government government NN 5180 1490 13 adduced adduce VBD 5180 1490 14 no no DT 5180 1490 15 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 1490 16 data datum NNS 5180 1490 17 comparing compare VBG 5180 1490 18 the the DT 5180 1490 19 frequency frequency NN 5180 1490 20 of of IN 5180 1490 21 criminal criminal JJ 5180 1490 22 or or CC 5180 1490 23 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1490 24 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 1490 25 patron patron NN 5180 1490 26 conduct conduct NN 5180 1490 27 before before IN 5180 1490 28 the the DT 5180 1490 29 library library NN 5180 1490 30 's 's POS 5180 1490 31 use use NN 5180 1490 32 of of IN 5180 1490 33 filters filter NNS 5180 1490 34 and and CC 5180 1490 35 after after IN 5180 1490 36 the the DT 5180 1490 37 library library NN 5180 1490 38 's 's POS 5180 1490 39 use use NN 5180 1490 40 of of IN 5180 1490 41 filters filter NNS 5180 1490 42 . . . 5180 1491 1 The the DT 5180 1491 2 sporadic sporadic JJ 5180 1491 3 anecdotal anecdotal JJ 5180 1491 4 accounts account NNS 5180 1491 5 of of IN 5180 1491 6 the the DT 5180 1491 7 government government NN 5180 1491 8 's 's POS 5180 1491 9 library library NN 5180 1491 10 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1491 11 were be VBD 5180 1491 12 countered counter VBN 5180 1491 13 by by IN 5180 1491 14 anecdotal anecdotal JJ 5180 1491 15 accounts account NNS 5180 1491 16 by by IN 5180 1491 17 the the DT 5180 1491 18 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1491 19 ' ' POS 5180 1491 20 library library NN 5180 1491 21 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1491 22 , , , 5180 1491 23 that that IN 5180 1491 24 incidents incident NNS 5180 1491 25 of of IN 5180 1491 26 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1491 27 patron patron NN 5180 1491 28 behavior behavior NN 5180 1491 29 in in IN 5180 1491 30 public public JJ 5180 1491 31 libraries library NNS 5180 1491 32 have have VBP 5180 1491 33 long long RB 5180 1491 34 predated predate VBN 5180 1491 35 the the DT 5180 1491 36 advent advent NN 5180 1491 37 of of IN 5180 1491 38 Internet internet NN 5180 1491 39 access access NN 5180 1491 40 . . . 5180 1492 1 Aside aside RB 5180 1492 2 from from IN 5180 1492 3 a a DT 5180 1492 4 public public JJ 5180 1492 5 library library NN 5180 1492 6 's 's POS 5180 1492 7 interest interest NN 5180 1492 8 in in IN 5180 1492 9 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1492 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1492 11 from from IN 5180 1492 12 using use VBG 5180 1492 13 the the DT 5180 1492 14 library library NN 5180 1492 15 's 's POS 5180 1492 16 Internet internet NN 5180 1492 17 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1492 18 to to TO 5180 1492 19 receive receive VB 5180 1492 20 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1492 21 or or CC 5180 1492 22 child child NN 5180 1492 23 pornography pornography NN 5180 1492 24 , , , 5180 1492 25 which which WDT 5180 1492 26 constitutes constitute VBZ 5180 1492 27 criminal criminal JJ 5180 1492 28 conduct conduct NN 5180 1492 29 , , , 5180 1492 30 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1492 31 are be VBP 5180 1492 32 constrained constrain VBN 5180 1492 33 to to TO 5180 1492 34 reject reject VB 5180 1492 35 any any DT 5180 1492 36 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1492 37 state state NN 5180 1492 38 interest interest NN 5180 1492 39 in in IN 5180 1492 40 regulating regulate VBG 5180 1492 41 patrons patron NNS 5180 1492 42 ' ' POS 5180 1492 43 conduct conduct NN 5180 1492 44 as as IN 5180 1492 45 a a DT 5180 1492 46 justification justification NN 5180 1492 47 for for IN 5180 1492 48 content content NN 5180 1492 49 - - HYPH 5180 1492 50 based base VBN 5180 1492 51 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1492 52 on on IN 5180 1492 53 patrons patron NNS 5180 1492 54 ' ' POS 5180 1492 55 Internet internet NN 5180 1492 56 access access NN 5180 1492 57 . . . 5180 1493 1 " " `` 5180 1493 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1493 3 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1493 4 Court Court NNP 5180 1493 5 's 's POS 5180 1493 6 First First NNP 5180 1493 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1493 8 cases case NNS 5180 1493 9 draw draw VBP 5180 1493 10 vital vital JJ 5180 1493 11 distinctions distinction NNS 5180 1493 12 between between IN 5180 1493 13 words word NNS 5180 1493 14 and and CC 5180 1493 15 deeds deed NNS 5180 1493 16 , , , 5180 1493 17 between between IN 5180 1493 18 ideas idea NNS 5180 1493 19 and and CC 5180 1493 20 conduct conduct NN 5180 1493 21 . . . 5180 1493 22 " " '' 5180 1494 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 1494 2 , , , 5180 1494 3 122 122 CD 5180 1494 4 S. S. NNP 5180 1494 5 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1494 6 . . . 5180 1494 7 at at IN 5180 1494 8 1403 1403 CD 5180 1494 9 . . . 5180 1495 1 First First NNP 5180 1495 2 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1495 3 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 1495 4 makes make VBZ 5180 1495 5 clear clear JJ 5180 1495 6 that that IN 5180 1495 7 speech speech NN 5180 1495 8 may may MD 5180 1495 9 not not RB 5180 1495 10 be be VB 5180 1495 11 restricted restrict VBN 5180 1495 12 on on IN 5180 1495 13 the the DT 5180 1495 14 ground ground NN 5180 1495 15 that that IN 5180 1495 16 restricting restrict VBG 5180 1495 17 speech speech NN 5180 1495 18 will will MD 5180 1495 19 reduce reduce VB 5180 1495 20 crime crime NN 5180 1495 21 or or CC 5180 1495 22 other other JJ 5180 1495 23 undesirable undesirable JJ 5180 1495 24 behavior behavior NN 5180 1495 25 that that WDT 5180 1495 26 the the DT 5180 1495 27 speech speech NN 5180 1495 28 is be VBZ 5180 1495 29 thought think VBN 5180 1495 30 to to TO 5180 1495 31 cause cause VB 5180 1495 32 , , , 5180 1495 33 subject subject JJ 5180 1495 34 to to IN 5180 1495 35 only only RB 5180 1495 36 a a DT 5180 1495 37 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1495 38 exception exception NN 5180 1495 39 for for IN 5180 1495 40 speech speech NN 5180 1495 41 that that IN 5180 1495 42 " " `` 5180 1495 43 is be VBZ 5180 1495 44 directed direct VBN 5180 1495 45 to to IN 5180 1495 46 inciting incite VBG 5180 1495 47 or or CC 5180 1495 48 producing produce VBG 5180 1495 49 imminent imminent JJ 5180 1495 50 lawless lawless JJ 5180 1495 51 action action NN 5180 1495 52 and and CC 5180 1495 53 is be VBZ 5180 1495 54 likely likely JJ 5180 1495 55 to to TO 5180 1495 56 incite incite VB 5180 1495 57 or or CC 5180 1495 58 produce produce VB 5180 1495 59 such such JJ 5180 1495 60 action action NN 5180 1495 61 . . . 5180 1495 62 " " '' 5180 1496 1 Brandenburg Brandenburg NNP 5180 1496 2 v. v. IN 5180 1496 3 Ohio Ohio NNP 5180 1496 4 , , , 5180 1496 5 395 395 CD 5180 1496 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1496 7 444 444 CD 5180 1496 8 , , , 5180 1496 9 447 447 CD 5180 1496 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1496 11 1969 1969 CD 5180 1496 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1496 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1496 14 per per IN 5180 1496 15 curiam curiam NN 5180 1496 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1496 17 . . . 5180 1497 1 " " `` 5180 1497 2 The the DT 5180 1497 3 mere mere JJ 5180 1497 4 tendency tendency NN 5180 1497 5 of of IN 5180 1497 6 speech speech NN 5180 1497 7 to to TO 5180 1497 8 encourage encourage VB 5180 1497 9 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1497 10 acts act NNS 5180 1497 11 is be VBZ 5180 1497 12 insufficient insufficient JJ 5180 1497 13 reason reason NN 5180 1497 14 for for IN 5180 1497 15 banning ban VBG 5180 1497 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1497 17 . . . 5180 1497 18 " " '' 5180 1498 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 1498 2 , , , 5180 1498 3 122 122 CD 5180 1498 4 S. S. NNP 5180 1498 5 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1498 6 . . . 5180 1498 7 at at IN 5180 1498 8 1403 1403 CD 5180 1498 9 . . . 5180 1499 1 Outside outside IN 5180 1499 2 of of IN 5180 1499 3 the the DT 5180 1499 4 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1499 5 " " `` 5180 1499 6 incitement incitement JJ 5180 1499 7 " " '' 5180 1499 8 exception exception NN 5180 1499 9 , , , 5180 1499 10 the the DT 5180 1499 11 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1499 12 method method NN 5180 1499 13 of of IN 5180 1499 14 deterring deter VBG 5180 1499 15 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1499 16 or or CC 5180 1499 17 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1499 18 undesirable undesirable JJ 5180 1499 19 behavior behavior NN 5180 1499 20 is be VBZ 5180 1499 21 not not RB 5180 1499 22 to to TO 5180 1499 23 suppress suppress VB 5180 1499 24 the the DT 5180 1499 25 speech speech NN 5180 1499 26 that that WDT 5180 1499 27 induces induce VBZ 5180 1499 28 such such JJ 5180 1499 29 behavior behavior NN 5180 1499 30 , , , 5180 1499 31 but but CC 5180 1499 32 to to TO 5180 1499 33 attach attach VB 5180 1499 34 sanctions sanction NNS 5180 1499 35 to to IN 5180 1499 36 the the DT 5180 1499 37 behavior behavior NN 5180 1499 38 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1499 39 . . . 5180 1500 1 " " `` 5180 1500 2 Among among IN 5180 1500 3 free free JJ 5180 1500 4 men man NNS 5180 1500 5 , , , 5180 1500 6 the the DT 5180 1500 7 deterrents deterrent NNS 5180 1500 8 ordinarily ordinarily RB 5180 1500 9 to to TO 5180 1500 10 be be VB 5180 1500 11 applied apply VBN 5180 1500 12 to to TO 5180 1500 13 prevent prevent VB 5180 1500 14 crime crime NN 5180 1500 15 are be VBP 5180 1500 16 education education NN 5180 1500 17 and and CC 5180 1500 18 punishment punishment NN 5180 1500 19 for for IN 5180 1500 20 violations violation NNS 5180 1500 21 of of IN 5180 1500 22 the the DT 5180 1500 23 law law NN 5180 1500 24 , , , 5180 1500 25 not not RB 5180 1500 26 abridgement abridgement JJ 5180 1500 27 of of IN 5180 1500 28 the the DT 5180 1500 29 rights right NNS 5180 1500 30 of of IN 5180 1500 31 free free JJ 5180 1500 32 speech speech NN 5180 1500 33 . . . 5180 1500 34 " " '' 5180 1501 1 Kingsley Kingsley NNP 5180 1501 2 Int'l Int'l NNP 5180 1501 3 Pictures Pictures NNP 5180 1501 4 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 1501 5 v. v. IN 5180 1501 6 Regents Regents NNPS 5180 1501 7 of of IN 5180 1501 8 the the DT 5180 1501 9 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1501 10 . . . 5180 1502 1 of of IN 5180 1502 2 the the DT 5180 1502 3 State State NNP 5180 1502 4 of of IN 5180 1502 5 New New NNP 5180 1502 6 York York NNP 5180 1502 7 , , , 5180 1502 8 360 360 CD 5180 1502 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1502 10 684 684 CD 5180 1502 11 , , , 5180 1502 12 689 689 CD 5180 1502 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1502 14 1959 1959 CD 5180 1502 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1502 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1502 17 quoting quote VBG 5180 1502 18 Whitney Whitney NNP 5180 1502 19 v. v. IN 5180 1503 1 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1503 2 . . NNP 5180 1503 3 , , , 5180 1503 4 274 274 CD 5180 1503 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1503 6 357 357 CD 5180 1503 7 , , , 5180 1503 8 378 378 CD 5180 1503 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1503 10 1927 1927 CD 5180 1503 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1503 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1503 13 Brandeis Brandeis NNP 5180 1503 14 , , , 5180 1503 15 J. J. NNP 5180 1503 16 , , , 5180 1503 17 concurring concur VBG 5180 1503 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1503 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1503 20 ; ; : 5180 1503 21 see see VB 5180 1503 22 also also RB 5180 1503 23 Bartnicki Bartnicki NNP 5180 1503 24 v. v. IN 5180 1503 25 Vopper Vopper NNP 5180 1503 26 , , , 5180 1503 27 532 532 CD 5180 1503 28 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1503 29 514 514 CD 5180 1503 30 , , , 5180 1503 31 529 529 CD 5180 1503 32 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1503 33 2001 2001 CD 5180 1503 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1503 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1503 36 " " `` 5180 1503 37 The the DT 5180 1503 38 normal normal JJ 5180 1503 39 method method NN 5180 1503 40 of of IN 5180 1503 41 deterring deter VBG 5180 1503 42 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1503 43 conduct conduct NN 5180 1503 44 is be VBZ 5180 1503 45 to to TO 5180 1503 46 impose impose VB 5180 1503 47 an an DT 5180 1503 48 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1503 49 punishment punishment NN 5180 1503 50 on on IN 5180 1503 51 the the DT 5180 1503 52 person person NN 5180 1503 53 who who WP 5180 1503 54 engages engage VBZ 5180 1503 55 in in IN 5180 1503 56 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1503 57 . . . 5180 1503 58 " " '' 5180 1503 59 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1503 60 . . . 5180 1504 1 4 4 LS 5180 1504 2 . . . 5180 1505 1 Summary Summary NNP 5180 1505 2 In in IN 5180 1505 3 sum sum NN 5180 1505 4 , , , 5180 1505 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1505 6 reject reject VBP 5180 1505 7 a a DT 5180 1505 8 public public JJ 5180 1505 9 library library NN 5180 1505 10 's 's POS 5180 1505 11 interest interest NN 5180 1505 12 in in IN 5180 1505 13 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1505 14 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1505 15 or or CC 5180 1505 16 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1505 17 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 1505 18 patron patron NN 5180 1505 19 conduct conduct NN 5180 1505 20 as as IN 5180 1505 21 a a DT 5180 1505 22 basis basis NN 5180 1505 23 for for IN 5180 1505 24 restricting restrict VBG 5180 1505 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 1505 26 ' ' POS 5180 1505 27 access access NN 5180 1505 28 to to IN 5180 1505 29 speech speech NN 5180 1505 30 on on IN 5180 1505 31 the the DT 5180 1505 32 Internet internet NN 5180 1505 33 . . . 5180 1506 1 The the DT 5180 1506 2 proper proper JJ 5180 1506 3 method method NN 5180 1506 4 for for IN 5180 1506 5 a a DT 5180 1506 6 library library NN 5180 1506 7 to to TO 5180 1506 8 deter deter VB 5180 1506 9 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1506 10 or or CC 5180 1506 11 inappropriate inappropriate JJ 5180 1506 12 patron patron NN 5180 1506 13 conduct conduct NN 5180 1506 14 , , , 5180 1506 15 such such JJ 5180 1506 16 as as IN 5180 1506 17 harassment harassment NN 5180 1506 18 or or CC 5180 1506 19 assault assault NN 5180 1506 20 of of IN 5180 1506 21 other other JJ 5180 1506 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 1506 23 , , , 5180 1506 24 is be VBZ 5180 1506 25 to to TO 5180 1506 26 impose impose VB 5180 1506 27 sanctions sanction NNS 5180 1506 28 on on IN 5180 1506 29 such such JJ 5180 1506 30 conduct conduct NN 5180 1506 31 , , , 5180 1506 32 such such JJ 5180 1506 33 as as IN 5180 1506 34 either either CC 5180 1506 35 removing remove VBG 5180 1506 36 the the DT 5180 1506 37 patron patron NN 5180 1506 38 from from IN 5180 1506 39 the the DT 5180 1506 40 library library NN 5180 1506 41 , , , 5180 1506 42 revoking revoke VBG 5180 1506 43 the the DT 5180 1506 44 patron patron NN 5180 1506 45 's 's POS 5180 1506 46 library library NN 5180 1506 47 privileges privilege NNS 5180 1506 48 , , , 5180 1506 49 or or CC 5180 1506 50 , , , 5180 1506 51 in in IN 5180 1506 52 the the DT 5180 1506 53 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1506 54 case case NN 5180 1506 55 , , , 5180 1506 56 calling call VBG 5180 1506 57 the the DT 5180 1506 58 police police NN 5180 1506 59 . . . 5180 1507 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1507 2 believe believe VBP 5180 1507 3 , , , 5180 1507 4 however however RB 5180 1507 5 , , , 5180 1507 6 that that IN 5180 1507 7 the the DT 5180 1507 8 state state NN 5180 1507 9 interests interest NNS 5180 1507 10 in in IN 5180 1507 11 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1507 12 the the DT 5180 1507 13 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1507 14 of of IN 5180 1507 15 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1507 16 , , , 5180 1507 17 child child NN 5180 1507 18 pornography pornography NN 5180 1507 19 , , , 5180 1507 20 or or CC 5180 1507 21 in in IN 5180 1507 22 the the DT 5180 1507 23 case case NN 5180 1507 24 of of IN 5180 1507 25 minors minor NNS 5180 1507 26 , , , 5180 1507 27 material material NN 5180 1507 28 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1507 29 to to IN 5180 1507 30 minors minor NNS 5180 1507 31 , , , 5180 1507 32 and and CC 5180 1507 33 in in IN 5180 1507 34 protecting protect VBG 5180 1507 35 library library NN 5180 1507 36 patrons patron NNS 5180 1507 37 from from IN 5180 1507 38 being be VBG 5180 1507 39 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1507 40 exposed expose VBN 5180 1507 41 to to IN 5180 1507 42 offensive offensive NN 5180 1507 43 , , , 5180 1507 44 sexually sexually RB 5180 1507 45 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1507 46 material material NN 5180 1507 47 , , , 5180 1507 48 could could MD 5180 1507 49 all all DT 5180 1507 50 justify justify VB 5180 1507 51 , , , 5180 1507 52 for for IN 5180 1507 53 First First NNP 5180 1507 54 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1507 55 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1507 56 , , , 5180 1507 57 a a DT 5180 1507 58 public public JJ 5180 1507 59 library library NN 5180 1507 60 's 's POS 5180 1507 61 use use NN 5180 1507 62 of of IN 5180 1507 63 Internet internet NN 5180 1507 64 filters filter NNS 5180 1507 65 , , , 5180 1507 66 provided provide VBD 5180 1507 67 that that IN 5180 1507 68 use use NN 5180 1507 69 of of IN 5180 1507 70 such such JJ 5180 1507 71 filters filter NNS 5180 1507 72 is be VBZ 5180 1507 73 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1507 74 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1507 75 to to TO 5180 1507 76 further further RB 5180 1507 77 those those DT 5180 1507 78 interests interest NNS 5180 1507 79 , , , 5180 1507 80 and and CC 5180 1507 81 that that IN 5180 1507 82 no no DT 5180 1507 83 less less RBR 5180 1507 84 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1507 85 means mean NNS 5180 1507 86 of of IN 5180 1507 87 promoting promote VBG 5180 1507 88 those those DT 5180 1507 89 interests interest NNS 5180 1507 90 exist exist VBP 5180 1507 91 . . . 5180 1508 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 5180 1508 2 , , , 5180 1508 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1508 4 turn turn VBP 5180 1508 5 to to IN 5180 1508 6 the the DT 5180 1508 7 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1508 8 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1508 9 question question NN 5180 1508 10 . . . 5180 1509 1 2 2 LS 5180 1509 2 . . . 5180 1510 1 Narrow narrow JJ 5180 1510 2 Tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1510 3 Having have VBG 5180 1510 4 identified identify VBN 5180 1510 5 the the DT 5180 1510 6 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1510 7 state state NN 5180 1510 8 interests interest NNS 5180 1510 9 that that WDT 5180 1510 10 could could MD 5180 1510 11 justify justify VB 5180 1510 12 content content NN 5180 1510 13 - - HYPH 5180 1510 14 based base VBN 5180 1510 15 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1510 16 on on IN 5180 1510 17 public public JJ 5180 1510 18 libraries library NNS 5180 1510 19 ' ' POS 5180 1510 20 provision provision NN 5180 1510 21 of of IN 5180 1510 22 Internet internet NN 5180 1510 23 access access NN 5180 1510 24 , , , 5180 1510 25 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1510 26 must must MD 5180 1510 27 determine determine VB 5180 1510 28 whether whether IN 5180 1510 29 a a DT 5180 1510 30 public public JJ 5180 1510 31 library library NN 5180 1510 32 's 's POS 5180 1510 33 use use NN 5180 1510 34 of of IN 5180 1510 35 software software NN 5180 1510 36 filters filter NNS 5180 1510 37 is be VBZ 5180 1510 38 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1510 39 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1510 40 to to TO 5180 1510 41 further further RB 5180 1510 42 those those DT 5180 1510 43 interests interest NNS 5180 1510 44 . . . 5180 1511 1 " " `` 5180 1511 2 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1511 3 is be VBZ 5180 1511 4 not not RB 5180 1511 5 enough enough JJ 5180 1511 6 to to TO 5180 1511 7 show show VB 5180 1511 8 that that IN 5180 1511 9 the the DT 5180 1511 10 Government Government NNP 5180 1511 11 's 's POS 5180 1511 12 ends end NNS 5180 1511 13 are be VBP 5180 1511 14 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1511 15 ; ; : 5180 1511 16 the the DT 5180 1511 17 means mean NNS 5180 1511 18 must must MD 5180 1511 19 be be VB 5180 1511 20 carefully carefully RB 5180 1511 21 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1511 22 to to TO 5180 1511 23 achieve achieve VB 5180 1511 24 those those DT 5180 1511 25 ends end NNS 5180 1511 26 . . . 5180 1511 27 " " '' 5180 1512 1 Sable sable JJ 5180 1512 2 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 1512 3 of of IN 5180 1512 4 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1512 5 . . NNP 5180 1512 6 , , , 5180 1512 7 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1512 8 v. v. IN 5180 1512 9 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1512 10 , , , 5180 1512 11 492 492 CD 5180 1512 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1512 13 115 115 CD 5180 1512 14 , , , 5180 1512 15 126 126 CD 5180 1512 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1512 17 1989 1989 CD 5180 1512 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1512 19 . . . 5180 1513 1 " " `` 5180 1513 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1513 3 M]anifest M]anifest NNP 5180 1513 4 imprecision imprecision NN 5180 1513 5 of of IN 5180 1513 6 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1513 7 a a DT 5180 1513 8 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1513 9 ban ban NN 5180 1513 10 . . . 5180 1514 1 . . . 5180 1515 1 . . . 5180 1516 1 reveals reveal VBZ 5180 1516 2 that that IN 5180 1516 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1516 4 proscription proscription NN 5180 1516 5 is be VBZ 5180 1516 6 not not RB 5180 1516 7 sufficiently sufficiently RB 5180 1516 8 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1516 9 to to IN 5180 1516 10 the the DT 5180 1516 11 harms harm NNS 5180 1516 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1516 13 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1516 14 to to TO 5180 1516 15 prevent prevent VB 5180 1516 16 to to IN 5180 1516 17 justify justify VB 5180 1516 18 . . . 5180 1517 1 . . . 5180 1518 1 . . . 5180 1519 1 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1519 2 interference interference NN 5180 1519 3 with with IN 5180 1519 4 . . . 5180 1520 1 . . . 5180 1521 1 . . . 5180 1522 1 speech speech NN 5180 1522 2 . . . 5180 1522 3 " " '' 5180 1523 1 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1523 2 v. v. IN 5180 1523 3 League League NNP 5180 1523 4 of of IN 5180 1523 5 Women Women NNP 5180 1523 6 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 1523 7 of of IN 5180 1523 8 Cal Cal NNP 5180 1523 9 . . NNP 5180 1523 10 , , , 5180 1523 11 468 468 CD 5180 1523 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1523 13 364 364 CD 5180 1523 14 , , , 5180 1523 15 392 392 CD 5180 1523 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1523 17 1984 1984 CD 5180 1523 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1523 19 . . . 5180 1524 1 The the DT 5180 1524 2 commercially commercially RB 5180 1524 3 available available JJ 5180 1524 4 filters filter NNS 5180 1524 5 on on IN 5180 1524 6 which which WDT 5180 1524 7 evidence evidence NN 5180 1524 8 was be VBD 5180 1524 9 presented present VBN 5180 1524 10 at at IN 5180 1524 11 trial trial NN 5180 1524 12 all all DT 5180 1524 13 block block NN 5180 1524 14 many many JJ 5180 1524 15 thousands thousand NNS 5180 1524 16 of of IN 5180 1524 17 Web web NN 5180 1524 18 pages page NNS 5180 1524 19 that that WDT 5180 1524 20 are be VBP 5180 1524 21 clearly clearly RB 5180 1524 22 not not RB 5180 1524 23 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1524 24 to to IN 5180 1524 25 minors minor NNS 5180 1524 26 , , , 5180 1524 27 and and CC 5180 1524 28 many many JJ 5180 1524 29 thousands thousand NNS 5180 1524 30 more more JJR 5180 1524 31 pages page NNS 5180 1524 32 that that WDT 5180 1524 33 , , , 5180 1524 34 while while IN 5180 1524 35 possibly possibly RB 5180 1524 36 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1524 37 to to IN 5180 1524 38 minors minor NNS 5180 1524 39 , , , 5180 1524 40 are be VBP 5180 1524 41 neither neither CC 5180 1524 42 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1524 43 nor nor CC 5180 1524 44 child child NN 5180 1524 45 pornography pornography NN 5180 1524 46 . . . 5180 1525 1 See see VB 5180 1525 2 supra supra NNP 5180 1525 3 , , , 5180 1525 4 Subsection Subsection NNP 5180 1525 5 II.E.7 II.E.7 NNP 5180 1525 6 . . . 5180 1526 1 Even even RB 5180 1526 2 the the DT 5180 1526 3 defendants defendant NNS 5180 1526 4 ' ' POS 5180 1526 5 own own JJ 5180 1526 6 expert expert NN 5180 1526 7 , , , 5180 1526 8 after after IN 5180 1526 9 analyzing analyze VBG 5180 1526 10 filtering filtering NN 5180 1526 11 products product NNS 5180 1526 12 ' ' POS 5180 1526 13 performance performance NN 5180 1526 14 in in IN 5180 1526 15 public public JJ 5180 1526 16 libraries library NNS 5180 1526 17 , , , 5180 1526 18 concluded conclude VBD 5180 1526 19 that that IN 5180 1526 20 of of IN 5180 1526 21 the the DT 5180 1526 22 blocked block VBN 5180 1526 23 Web web NN 5180 1526 24 pages page NNS 5180 1526 25 to to TO 5180 1526 26 which which WDT 5180 1526 27 library library NN 5180 1526 28 patrons patron NNS 5180 1526 29 sought seek VBD 5180 1526 30 access access NN 5180 1526 31 , , , 5180 1526 32 between between IN 5180 1526 33 6 6 CD 5180 1526 34 % % NN 5180 1526 35 and and CC 5180 1526 36 15 15 CD 5180 1526 37 % % NN 5180 1526 38 contained contain VBD 5180 1526 39 no no DT 5180 1526 40 content content NN 5180 1526 41 that that WDT 5180 1526 42 meets meet VBZ 5180 1526 43 even even RB 5180 1526 44 the the DT 5180 1526 45 filtering filtering NN 5180 1526 46 products product NNS 5180 1526 47 ' ' POS 5180 1526 48 own own JJ 5180 1526 49 definitions definition NNS 5180 1526 50 of of IN 5180 1526 51 sexually sexually RB 5180 1526 52 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1526 53 content content NN 5180 1526 54 , , , 5180 1526 55 let let VB 5180 1526 56 alone alone RB 5180 1526 57 the the DT 5180 1526 58 legal legal JJ 5180 1526 59 definitions definition NNS 5180 1526 60 of of IN 5180 1526 61 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1526 62 or or CC 5180 1526 63 child child NN 5180 1526 64 pornography pornography NN 5180 1526 65 , , , 5180 1526 66 which which WDT 5180 1526 67 none none NN 5180 1526 68 of of IN 5180 1526 69 the the DT 5180 1526 70 filtering filter VBG 5180 1526 71 companies company NNS 5180 1526 72 that that WDT 5180 1526 73 were be VBD 5180 1526 74 studied study VBN 5180 1526 75 use use NN 5180 1526 76 as as IN 5180 1526 77 the the DT 5180 1526 78 basis basis NN 5180 1526 79 for for IN 5180 1526 80 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1526 81 blocking block VBG 5180 1526 82 decisions decision NNS 5180 1526 83 . . . 5180 1527 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1527 2 , , , 5180 1527 3 in in IN 5180 1527 4 light light NN 5180 1527 5 of of IN 5180 1527 6 the the DT 5180 1527 7 flaws flaw NNS 5180 1527 8 in in IN 5180 1527 9 these these DT 5180 1527 10 studies study NNS 5180 1527 11 , , , 5180 1527 12 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1527 13 in in IN 5180 1527 14 detail detail NN 5180 1527 15 in in IN 5180 1527 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1527 17 findings finding NNS 5180 1527 18 of of IN 5180 1527 19 fact fact NN 5180 1527 20 above above IN 5180 1527 21 , , , 5180 1527 22 these these DT 5180 1527 23 percentages percentage NNS 5180 1527 24 significantly significantly RB 5180 1527 25 underestimate underestimate VBP 5180 1527 26 the the DT 5180 1527 27 amount amount NN 5180 1527 28 of of IN 5180 1527 29 speech speech NN 5180 1527 30 that that WDT 5180 1527 31 filters filter VBZ 5180 1527 32 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1527 33 block block VBP 5180 1527 34 , , , 5180 1527 35 and and CC 5180 1527 36 at at IN 5180 1527 37 best good JJS 5180 1527 38 provide provide VBP 5180 1527 39 a a DT 5180 1527 40 rough rough JJ 5180 1527 41 lower low JJR 5180 1527 42 bound bind VBN 5180 1527 43 on on IN 5180 1527 44 the the DT 5180 1527 45 filters filter NNS 5180 1527 46 ' ' POS 5180 1527 47 rates rate NNS 5180 1527 48 of of IN 5180 1527 49 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1527 50 . . . 5180 1528 1 Given give VBN 5180 1528 2 the the DT 5180 1528 3 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1528 4 amount amount NN 5180 1528 5 of of IN 5180 1528 6 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1528 7 protected protect VBN 5180 1528 8 speech speech NN 5180 1528 9 blocked block VBN 5180 1528 10 by by IN 5180 1528 11 the the DT 5180 1528 12 filters filter NNS 5180 1528 13 studied study VBD 5180 1528 14 , , , 5180 1528 15 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1528 16 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1528 17 that that IN 5180 1528 18 use use NN 5180 1528 19 of of IN 5180 1528 20 such such JJ 5180 1528 21 filters filter NNS 5180 1528 22 is be VBZ 5180 1528 23 not not RB 5180 1528 24 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1528 25 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1528 26 with with IN 5180 1528 27 respect respect NN 5180 1528 28 to to IN 5180 1528 29 the the DT 5180 1528 30 government government NN 5180 1528 31 's 's POS 5180 1528 32 interest interest NN 5180 1528 33 in in IN 5180 1528 34 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1528 35 the the DT 5180 1528 36 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1528 37 of of IN 5180 1528 38 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1528 39 , , , 5180 1528 40 child child NN 5180 1528 41 pornography pornography NN 5180 1528 42 , , , 5180 1528 43 and and CC 5180 1528 44 material material NN 5180 1528 45 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1528 46 to to IN 5180 1528 47 minors minor NNS 5180 1528 48 . . . 5180 1529 1 To to TO 5180 1529 2 be be VB 5180 1529 3 sure sure JJ 5180 1529 4 , , , 5180 1529 5 the the DT 5180 1529 6 quantitative quantitative JJ 5180 1529 7 estimates estimate NNS 5180 1529 8 of of IN 5180 1529 9 the the DT 5180 1529 10 rates rate NNS 5180 1529 11 of of IN 5180 1529 12 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1529 13 apply apply VBP 5180 1529 14 only only RB 5180 1529 15 to to IN 5180 1529 16 those those DT 5180 1529 17 four four CD 5180 1529 18 commercially commercially RB 5180 1529 19 available available JJ 5180 1529 20 filters filter NNS 5180 1529 21 analyzed analyze VBN 5180 1529 22 by by IN 5180 1529 23 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1529 24 ' ' POS 5180 1529 25 and and CC 5180 1529 26 defendants defendant NNS 5180 1529 27 ' ' POS 5180 1529 28 expert expert NN 5180 1529 29 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1529 30 . . . 5180 1530 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1530 2 , , , 5180 1530 3 given give VBN 5180 1530 4 the the DT 5180 1530 5 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1530 6 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1530 7 in in IN 5180 1530 8 the the DT 5180 1530 9 current current JJ 5180 1530 10 state state NN 5180 1530 11 of of IN 5180 1530 12 the the DT 5180 1530 13 art art NN 5180 1530 14 of of IN 5180 1530 15 automated automate VBN 5180 1530 16 classification classification NN 5180 1530 17 systems system NNS 5180 1530 18 , , , 5180 1530 19 and and CC 5180 1530 20 the the DT 5180 1530 21 limits limit NNS 5180 1530 22 of of IN 5180 1530 23 human human JJ 5180 1530 24 review review NN 5180 1530 25 in in IN 5180 1530 26 relation relation NN 5180 1530 27 to to IN 5180 1530 28 the the DT 5180 1530 29 size size NN 5180 1530 30 , , , 5180 1530 31 rate rate NN 5180 1530 32 of of IN 5180 1530 33 growth growth NN 5180 1530 34 , , , 5180 1530 35 and and CC 5180 1530 36 rate rate NN 5180 1530 37 of of IN 5180 1530 38 change change NN 5180 1530 39 of of IN 5180 1530 40 the the DT 5180 1530 41 Web web NN 5180 1530 42 , , , 5180 1530 43 there there EX 5180 1530 44 is be VBZ 5180 1530 45 a a DT 5180 1530 46 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 1530 47 between between IN 5180 1530 48 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1530 49 and and CC 5180 1530 50 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1530 51 that that WDT 5180 1530 52 is be VBZ 5180 1530 53 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1530 54 in in IN 5180 1530 55 any any DT 5180 1530 56 filtering filter VBG 5180 1530 57 technology technology NN 5180 1530 58 , , , 5180 1530 59 as as IN 5180 1530 60 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1530 61 findings finding NNS 5180 1530 62 of of IN 5180 1530 63 fact fact NN 5180 1530 64 have have VBP 5180 1530 65 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 5180 1530 66 . . . 5180 1531 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1531 2 credit credit VBP 5180 1531 3 the the DT 5180 1531 4 testimony testimony NN 5180 1531 5 of of IN 5180 1531 6 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1531 7 ' ' POS 5180 1531 8 expert expert JJ 5180 1531 9 witness witness NN 5180 1531 10 , , , 5180 1531 11 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 1531 12 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP 5180 1531 13 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 1531 14 , , , 5180 1531 15 that that IN 5180 1531 16 no no DT 5180 1531 17 software software NN 5180 1531 18 exists exist VBZ 5180 1531 19 that that WDT 5180 1531 20 can can MD 5180 1531 21 automatically automatically RB 5180 1531 22 distinguish distinguish VB 5180 1531 23 visual visual JJ 5180 1531 24 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1531 25 that that WDT 5180 1531 26 are be VBP 5180 1531 27 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1531 28 , , , 5180 1531 29 child child NN 5180 1531 30 pornography pornography NN 5180 1531 31 , , , 5180 1531 32 or or CC 5180 1531 33 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1531 34 to to IN 5180 1531 35 minors minor NNS 5180 1531 36 , , , 5180 1531 37 from from IN 5180 1531 38 those those DT 5180 1531 39 that that WDT 5180 1531 40 are be VBP 5180 1531 41 not not RB 5180 1531 42 . . . 5180 1532 1 Nor nor CC 5180 1532 2 can can MD 5180 1532 3 software software VB 5180 1532 4 , , , 5180 1532 5 through through IN 5180 1532 6 keyword keyword NNP 5180 1532 7 analysis analysis NNP 5180 1532 8 or or CC 5180 1532 9 more more RBR 5180 1532 10 sophisticated sophisticated JJ 5180 1532 11 techniques technique NNS 5180 1532 12 , , , 5180 1532 13 consistently consistently RB 5180 1532 14 distinguish distinguish JJ 5180 1532 15 web web NN 5180 1532 16 pages page NNS 5180 1532 17 that that WDT 5180 1532 18 contain contain VBP 5180 1532 19 such such JJ 5180 1532 20 content content NN 5180 1532 21 from from IN 5180 1532 22 web web NN 5180 1532 23 pages page NNS 5180 1532 24 that that WDT 5180 1532 25 do do VBP 5180 1532 26 not not RB 5180 1532 27 . . . 5180 1533 1 In in IN 5180 1533 2 light light NN 5180 1533 3 of of IN 5180 1533 4 the the DT 5180 1533 5 absence absence NN 5180 1533 6 of of IN 5180 1533 7 any any DT 5180 1533 8 automated automate VBN 5180 1533 9 method method NN 5180 1533 10 of of IN 5180 1533 11 classifying classify VBG 5180 1533 12 Web web NN 5180 1533 13 pages page NNS 5180 1533 14 , , , 5180 1533 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 1533 16 companies company NNS 5180 1533 17 are be VBP 5180 1533 18 left leave VBN 5180 1533 19 with with IN 5180 1533 20 the the DT 5180 1533 21 Sisyphean sisyphean JJ 5180 1533 22 task task NN 5180 1533 23 of of IN 5180 1533 24 using use VBG 5180 1533 25 human human JJ 5180 1533 26 review review NN 5180 1533 27 to to TO 5180 1533 28 identify identify VB 5180 1533 29 , , , 5180 1533 30 from from IN 5180 1533 31 among among IN 5180 1533 32 the the DT 5180 1533 33 approximately approximately RB 5180 1533 34 two two CD 5180 1533 35 billion billion CD 5180 1533 36 web web NN 5180 1533 37 pages page NNS 5180 1533 38 that that WDT 5180 1533 39 exist exist VBP 5180 1533 40 , , , 5180 1533 41 the the DT 5180 1533 42 1.5 1.5 CD 5180 1533 43 million million CD 5180 1533 44 new new JJ 5180 1533 45 pages page NNS 5180 1533 46 that that WDT 5180 1533 47 are be VBP 5180 1533 48 created create VBN 5180 1533 49 daily daily RB 5180 1533 50 , , , 5180 1533 51 and and CC 5180 1533 52 the the DT 5180 1533 53 many many JJ 5180 1533 54 thousands thousand NNS 5180 1533 55 of of IN 5180 1533 56 pages page NNS 5180 1533 57 whose whose WP$ 5180 1533 58 content content NN 5180 1533 59 changes change NNS 5180 1533 60 from from IN 5180 1533 61 day day NN 5180 1533 62 to to IN 5180 1533 63 day day NN 5180 1533 64 , , , 5180 1533 65 those those DT 5180 1533 66 particular particular JJ 5180 1533 67 web web NN 5180 1533 68 pages page NNS 5180 1533 69 to to TO 5180 1533 70 be be VB 5180 1533 71 blocked block VBN 5180 1533 72 . . . 5180 1534 1 To to TO 5180 1534 2 cope cope VB 5180 1534 3 with with IN 5180 1534 4 the the DT 5180 1534 5 Web web NN 5180 1534 6 's 's POS 5180 1534 7 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 5180 1534 8 size size NN 5180 1534 9 , , , 5180 1534 10 rate rate NN 5180 1534 11 of of IN 5180 1534 12 growth growth NN 5180 1534 13 , , , 5180 1534 14 and and CC 5180 1534 15 rate rate NN 5180 1534 16 of of IN 5180 1534 17 change change NN 5180 1534 18 , , , 5180 1534 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 1534 20 companies company NNS 5180 1534 21 that that WDT 5180 1534 22 rely rely VBP 5180 1534 23 solely solely RB 5180 1534 24 on on IN 5180 1534 25 human human JJ 5180 1534 26 review review NN 5180 1534 27 to to TO 5180 1534 28 block block VB 5180 1534 29 access access NN 5180 1534 30 to to IN 5180 1534 31 material material NN 5180 1534 32 falling fall VBG 5180 1534 33 within within IN 5180 1534 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1534 35 category category NN 5180 1534 36 definitions definition NNS 5180 1534 37 must must MD 5180 1534 38 use use VB 5180 1534 39 a a DT 5180 1534 40 variety variety NN 5180 1534 41 of of IN 5180 1534 42 techniques technique NNS 5180 1534 43 that that WDT 5180 1534 44 will will MD 5180 1534 45 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1534 46 introduce introduce VB 5180 1534 47 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1534 48 amounts amount NNS 5180 1534 49 of of IN 5180 1534 50 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1534 51 . . . 5180 1535 1 These these DT 5180 1535 2 techniques technique NNS 5180 1535 3 include include VBP 5180 1535 4 blocking block VBG 5180 1535 5 every every DT 5180 1535 6 page page NN 5180 1535 7 of of IN 5180 1535 8 a a DT 5180 1535 9 Web web NN 5180 1535 10 site site NN 5180 1535 11 that that WDT 5180 1535 12 contains contain VBZ 5180 1535 13 only only RB 5180 1535 14 some some DT 5180 1535 15 content content NN 5180 1535 16 falling fall VBG 5180 1535 17 within within IN 5180 1535 18 the the DT 5180 1535 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 1535 20 companies company NNS 5180 1535 21 ' ' POS 5180 1535 22 category category NN 5180 1535 23 definitions definition NNS 5180 1535 24 , , , 5180 1535 25 blocking block VBG 5180 1535 26 every every DT 5180 1535 27 Web web NN 5180 1535 28 site site NN 5180 1535 29 that that WDT 5180 1535 30 shares share VBZ 5180 1535 31 an an DT 5180 1535 32 IP IP NNP 5180 1535 33 - - HYPH 5180 1535 34 address address NN 5180 1535 35 with with IN 5180 1535 36 a a DT 5180 1535 37 Web web NN 5180 1535 38 site site NN 5180 1535 39 whose whose WP$ 5180 1535 40 content content NN 5180 1535 41 falls fall VBZ 5180 1535 42 within within IN 5180 1535 43 the the DT 5180 1535 44 category category NN 5180 1535 45 definitions definition NNS 5180 1535 46 , , , 5180 1535 47 blocking block VBG 5180 1535 48 " " `` 5180 1535 49 loophole loophole NN 5180 1535 50 sites site NNS 5180 1535 51 , , , 5180 1535 52 " " '' 5180 1535 53 such such JJ 5180 1535 54 as as IN 5180 1535 55 anonymizers anonymizer NNS 5180 1535 56 , , , 5180 1535 57 cache cache NNP 5180 1535 58 sites site NNS 5180 1535 59 , , , 5180 1535 60 and and CC 5180 1535 61 translation translation NN 5180 1535 62 sites site NNS 5180 1535 63 , , , 5180 1535 64 and and CC 5180 1535 65 allocating allocate VBG 5180 1535 66 staff staff NN 5180 1535 67 resources resource NNS 5180 1535 68 to to IN 5180 1535 69 reviewing review VBG 5180 1535 70 content content NN 5180 1535 71 of of IN 5180 1535 72 uncategorized uncategorized JJ 5180 1535 73 pages page NNS 5180 1535 74 rather rather RB 5180 1535 75 than than IN 5180 1535 76 re re VB 5180 1535 77 - - JJ 5180 1535 78 reviewing reviewing JJ 5180 1535 79 pages page NNS 5180 1535 80 , , , 5180 1535 81 domain domain NN 5180 1535 82 names name NNS 5180 1535 83 , , , 5180 1535 84 or or CC 5180 1535 85 IP IP NNP 5180 1535 86 - - HYPH 5180 1535 87 addresses address NNS 5180 1535 88 that that WDT 5180 1535 89 have have VBP 5180 1535 90 been be VBN 5180 1535 91 already already RB 5180 1535 92 categorized categorize VBN 5180 1535 93 to to TO 5180 1535 94 determine determine VB 5180 1535 95 whether whether IN 5180 1535 96 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1535 97 content content NN 5180 1535 98 has have VBZ 5180 1535 99 changed change VBN 5180 1535 100 . . . 5180 1536 1 While while IN 5180 1536 2 a a DT 5180 1536 3 filtering filter VBG 5180 1536 4 company company NN 5180 1536 5 could could MD 5180 1536 6 choose choose VB 5180 1536 7 not not RB 5180 1536 8 to to TO 5180 1536 9 use use VB 5180 1536 10 these these DT 5180 1536 11 techniques technique NNS 5180 1536 12 , , , 5180 1536 13 due due IN 5180 1536 14 to to IN 5180 1536 15 the the DT 5180 1536 16 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1536 17 errors error NNS 5180 1536 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1536 19 introduce introduce VBP 5180 1536 20 , , , 5180 1536 21 if if IN 5180 1536 22 a a DT 5180 1536 23 filtering filter VBG 5180 1536 24 company company NN 5180 1536 25 does do VBZ 5180 1536 26 not not RB 5180 1536 27 use use VB 5180 1536 28 such such JJ 5180 1536 29 techniques technique NNS 5180 1536 30 , , , 5180 1536 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1536 32 filter filter NN 5180 1536 33 will will MD 5180 1536 34 be be VB 5180 1536 35 ineffective ineffective JJ 5180 1536 36 at at IN 5180 1536 37 blocking block VBG 5180 1536 38 access access NN 5180 1536 39 to to IN 5180 1536 40 speech speech NN 5180 1536 41 that that WDT 5180 1536 42 falls fall VBZ 5180 1536 43 within within IN 5180 1536 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1536 45 category category NN 5180 1536 46 definitions definition NNS 5180 1536 47 . . . 5180 1537 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1537 2 , , , 5180 1537 3 while while IN 5180 1537 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1537 5 would would MD 5180 1537 6 be be VB 5180 1537 7 easy easy JJ 5180 1537 8 to to TO 5180 1537 9 design design VB 5180 1537 10 , , , 5180 1537 11 for for IN 5180 1537 12 example example NN 5180 1537 13 , , , 5180 1537 14 a a DT 5180 1537 15 filter filter NN 5180 1537 16 that that WDT 5180 1537 17 blocks block VBZ 5180 1537 18 only only RB 5180 1537 19 ten ten CD 5180 1537 20 Web web NN 5180 1537 21 sites site NNS 5180 1537 22 , , , 5180 1537 23 all all DT 5180 1537 24 of of IN 5180 1537 25 which which WDT 5180 1537 26 are be VBP 5180 1537 27 either either CC 5180 1537 28 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1537 29 , , , 5180 1537 30 child child NN 5180 1537 31 pornography pornography NN 5180 1537 32 , , , 5180 1537 33 or or CC 5180 1537 34 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1537 35 to to IN 5180 1537 36 minors minor NNS 5180 1537 37 , , , 5180 1537 38 and and CC 5180 1537 39 therefore therefore RB 5180 1537 40 completely completely RB 5180 1537 41 avoids avoid VBZ 5180 1537 42 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1537 43 , , , 5180 1537 44 such such PDT 5180 1537 45 a a DT 5180 1537 46 filter filter NN 5180 1537 47 clearly clearly RB 5180 1537 48 would would MD 5180 1537 49 not not RB 5180 1537 50 comply comply VB 5180 1537 51 with with IN 5180 1537 52 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1537 53 , , , 5180 1537 54 since since IN 5180 1537 55 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1537 56 would would MD 5180 1537 57 fail fail VB 5180 1537 58 to to TO 5180 1537 59 offer offer VB 5180 1537 60 any any DT 5180 1537 61 meaningful meaningful JJ 5180 1537 62 protection protection NN 5180 1537 63 against against IN 5180 1537 64 the the DT 5180 1537 65 hundreds hundred NNS 5180 1537 66 of of IN 5180 1537 67 thousands thousand NNS 5180 1537 68 of of IN 5180 1537 69 Web web NN 5180 1537 70 sites site NNS 5180 1537 71 containing contain VBG 5180 1537 72 speech speech NN 5180 1537 73 in in IN 5180 1537 74 these these DT 5180 1537 75 categories category NNS 5180 1537 76 . . . 5180 1538 1 As as IN 5180 1538 2 detailed detail VBN 5180 1538 3 in in IN 5180 1538 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1538 5 findings finding NNS 5180 1538 6 of of IN 5180 1538 7 fact fact NN 5180 1538 8 , , , 5180 1538 9 any any DT 5180 1538 10 filter filter NN 5180 1538 11 that that WDT 5180 1538 12 blocks block VBZ 5180 1538 13 enough enough JJ 5180 1538 14 speech speech NN 5180 1538 15 to to TO 5180 1538 16 protect protect VB 5180 1538 17 against against IN 5180 1538 18 access access NN 5180 1538 19 to to IN 5180 1538 20 visual visual JJ 5180 1538 21 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1538 22 that that WDT 5180 1538 23 are be VBP 5180 1538 24 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1538 25 , , , 5180 1538 26 child child NN 5180 1538 27 pornography pornography NN 5180 1538 28 , , , 5180 1538 29 and and CC 5180 1538 30 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1538 31 to to IN 5180 1538 32 minors minor NNS 5180 1538 33 , , , 5180 1538 34 will will MD 5180 1538 35 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1538 36 overblock overblock VB 5180 1538 37 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1538 38 amounts amount NNS 5180 1538 39 of of IN 5180 1538 40 speech speech NN 5180 1538 41 that that WDT 5180 1538 42 does do VBZ 5180 1538 43 not not RB 5180 1538 44 fall fall VB 5180 1538 45 within within IN 5180 1538 46 these these DT 5180 1538 47 categories category NNS 5180 1538 48 . . . 5180 1539 1 This this DT 5180 1539 2 finding finding NN 5180 1539 3 is be VBZ 5180 1539 4 supported support VBN 5180 1539 5 by by IN 5180 1539 6 the the DT 5180 1539 7 government government NN 5180 1539 8 's 's POS 5180 1539 9 failure failure NN 5180 1539 10 to to TO 5180 1539 11 produce produce VB 5180 1539 12 evidence evidence NN 5180 1539 13 of of IN 5180 1539 14 any any DT 5180 1539 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 1539 16 technology technology NN 5180 1539 17 that that WDT 5180 1539 18 avoids avoid VBZ 5180 1539 19 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1539 20 a a DT 5180 1539 21 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1539 22 amount amount NN 5180 1539 23 of of IN 5180 1539 24 protected protect VBN 5180 1539 25 speech speech NN 5180 1539 26 . . . 5180 1540 1 Where where WRB 5180 1540 2 , , , 5180 1540 3 as as IN 5180 1540 4 here here RB 5180 1540 5 , , , 5180 1540 6 strict strict JJ 5180 1540 7 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1540 8 applies apply VBZ 5180 1540 9 to to IN 5180 1540 10 a a DT 5180 1540 11 content content NN 5180 1540 12 - - HYPH 5180 1540 13 based base VBN 5180 1540 14 restriction restriction NN 5180 1540 15 on on IN 5180 1540 16 speech speech NN 5180 1540 17 , , , 5180 1540 18 the the DT 5180 1540 19 burden burden NN 5180 1540 20 rests rest VBZ 5180 1540 21 with with IN 5180 1540 22 the the DT 5180 1540 23 government government NN 5180 1540 24 to to TO 5180 1540 25 show show VB 5180 1540 26 that that IN 5180 1540 27 the the DT 5180 1540 28 restriction restriction NN 5180 1540 29 is be VBZ 5180 1540 30 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1540 31 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1540 32 to to TO 5180 1540 33 serve serve VB 5180 1540 34 a a DT 5180 1540 35 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1540 36 government government NN 5180 1540 37 interest interest NN 5180 1540 38 . . . 5180 1541 1 See see VB 5180 1541 2 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1541 3 , , , 5180 1541 4 529 529 CD 5180 1541 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1541 6 at at IN 5180 1541 7 816 816 CD 5180 1541 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1541 9 " " `` 5180 1541 10 When when WRB 5180 1541 11 the the DT 5180 1541 12 Government Government NNP 5180 1541 13 restricts restrict VBZ 5180 1541 14 speech speech NN 5180 1541 15 , , , 5180 1541 16 the the DT 5180 1541 17 Government Government NNP 5180 1541 18 bears bear VBZ 5180 1541 19 the the DT 5180 1541 20 burden burden NN 5180 1541 21 of of IN 5180 1541 22 proving prove VBG 5180 1541 23 the the DT 5180 1541 24 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 1541 25 of of IN 5180 1541 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1541 27 actions action NNS 5180 1541 28 . . . 5180 1542 1 ") ") `` 5180 1542 2 ; ; : 5180 1542 3 see see VB 5180 1542 4 also also RB 5180 1542 5 R.A.V. R.A.V. NNP 5180 1543 1 v. v. IN 5180 1543 2 City City NNP 5180 1543 3 of of IN 5180 1543 4 St. St. NNP 5180 1543 5 Paul Paul NNP 5180 1543 6 , , , 5180 1543 7 505 505 CD 5180 1543 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1543 9 377 377 CD 5180 1543 10 , , , 5180 1543 11 382 382 CD 5180 1543 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1543 13 1992 1992 CD 5180 1543 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1543 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1543 16 " " `` 5180 1543 17 Content content NN 5180 1543 18 - - HYPH 5180 1543 19 based base VBN 5180 1543 20 regulations regulation NNS 5180 1543 21 are be VBP 5180 1543 22 presumptively presumptively RB 5180 1543 23 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1543 24 . . . 5180 1543 25 " " '' 5180 1543 26 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1543 27 . . . 5180 1544 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1544 2 , , , 5180 1544 3 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1544 4 is be VBZ 5180 1544 5 the the DT 5180 1544 6 government government NN 5180 1544 7 's 's POS 5180 1544 8 burden burden NN 5180 1544 9 , , , 5180 1544 10 in in IN 5180 1544 11 this this DT 5180 1544 12 case case NN 5180 1544 13 , , , 5180 1544 14 to to TO 5180 1544 15 show show VB 5180 1544 16 the the DT 5180 1544 17 existence existence NN 5180 1544 18 of of IN 5180 1544 19 a a DT 5180 1544 20 filtering filter VBG 5180 1544 21 technology technology NN 5180 1544 22 that that IN 5180 1544 23 both both DT 5180 1544 24 blocks block VBZ 5180 1544 25 enough enough JJ 5180 1544 26 speech speech NN 5180 1544 27 to to TO 5180 1544 28 qualify qualify VB 5180 1544 29 as as IN 5180 1544 30 a a DT 5180 1544 31 technology technology NN 5180 1544 32 protection protection NN 5180 1544 33 measure measure NN 5180 1544 34 , , , 5180 1544 35 for for IN 5180 1544 36 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1544 37 of of IN 5180 1544 38 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1544 39 , , , 5180 1544 40 and and CC 5180 1544 41 avoids avoid NNS 5180 1544 42 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1544 43 a a DT 5180 1544 44 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1544 45 amount amount NN 5180 1544 46 of of IN 5180 1544 47 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1544 48 protected protect VBN 5180 1544 49 speech speech NN 5180 1544 50 . . . 5180 1545 1 Here here RB 5180 1545 2 , , , 5180 1545 3 the the DT 5180 1545 4 government government NN 5180 1545 5 has have VBZ 5180 1545 6 failed fail VBN 5180 1545 7 to to TO 5180 1545 8 meet meet VB 5180 1545 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1545 10 burden burden NN 5180 1545 11 . . . 5180 1546 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1546 2 , , , 5180 1546 3 as as IN 5180 1546 4 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1546 5 in in IN 5180 1546 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1546 7 findings finding NNS 5180 1546 8 of of IN 5180 1546 9 fact fact NN 5180 1546 10 , , , 5180 1546 11 every every DT 5180 1546 12 technology technology NN 5180 1546 13 protection protection NN 5180 1546 14 measure measure NN 5180 1546 15 used use VBN 5180 1546 16 by by IN 5180 1546 17 the the DT 5180 1546 18 government government NN 5180 1546 19 's 's POS 5180 1546 20 library library NN 5180 1546 21 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1546 22 or or CC 5180 1546 23 analyzed analyze VBN 5180 1546 24 by by IN 5180 1546 25 the the DT 5180 1546 26 government government NN 5180 1546 27 's 's POS 5180 1546 28 expert expert NN 5180 1546 29 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1546 30 blocks block VBZ 5180 1546 31 access access NN 5180 1546 32 to to IN 5180 1546 33 a a DT 5180 1546 34 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1546 35 amount amount NN 5180 1546 36 of of IN 5180 1546 37 speech speech NN 5180 1546 38 that that WDT 5180 1546 39 is be VBZ 5180 1546 40 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1546 41 protected protect VBN 5180 1546 42 with with IN 5180 1546 43 respect respect NN 5180 1546 44 to to IN 5180 1546 45 both both DT 5180 1546 46 adults adult NNS 5180 1546 47 and and CC 5180 1546 48 minors minor NNS 5180 1546 49 . . . 5180 1547 1 In in IN 5180 1547 2 light light NN 5180 1547 3 of of IN 5180 1547 4 the the DT 5180 1547 5 credited credited JJ 5180 1547 6 testimony testimony NN 5180 1547 7 of of IN 5180 1547 8 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 1547 9 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 1547 10 , , , 5180 1547 11 and and CC 5180 1547 12 the the DT 5180 1547 13 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1547 14 tradeoff tradeoff NN 5180 1547 15 between between IN 5180 1547 16 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1547 17 and and CC 5180 1547 18 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1547 19 , , , 5180 1547 20 together together RB 5180 1547 21 with with IN 5180 1547 22 the the DT 5180 1547 23 government government NN 5180 1547 24 's 's POS 5180 1547 25 failure failure NN 5180 1547 26 to to TO 5180 1547 27 offer offer VB 5180 1547 28 evidence evidence NN 5180 1547 29 of of IN 5180 1547 30 any any DT 5180 1547 31 technology technology NN 5180 1547 32 protection protection NN 5180 1547 33 measure measure NN 5180 1547 34 that that WDT 5180 1547 35 avoids avoid VBZ 5180 1547 36 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1547 37 , , , 5180 1547 38 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1547 39 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1547 40 that that IN 5180 1547 41 any any DT 5180 1547 42 technology technology NN 5180 1547 43 protection protection NN 5180 1547 44 measure measure NN 5180 1547 45 that that WDT 5180 1547 46 blocks block VBZ 5180 1547 47 a a DT 5180 1547 48 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 1547 49 amount amount NN 5180 1547 50 of of IN 5180 1547 51 speech speech NN 5180 1547 52 to to TO 5180 1547 53 comply comply VB 5180 1547 54 with with IN 5180 1547 55 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1547 56 's 's POS 5180 1547 57 requirement requirement NN 5180 1547 58 that that IN 5180 1547 59 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1547 60 " " `` 5180 1547 61 protect protect VBP 5180 1547 62 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1547 63 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1547 64 against against IN 5180 1547 65 access access NN 5180 1547 66 through through IN 5180 1547 67 such such JJ 5180 1547 68 computers computer NNS 5180 1547 69 to to IN 5180 1547 70 visual visual JJ 5180 1547 71 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1547 72 that that WDT 5180 1547 73 are be VBP 5180 1547 74 – – : 5180 1547 75 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1547 76 I i NN 5180 1547 77 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1547 78 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1547 79 ; ; : 5180 1547 80 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1547 81 II II NNP 5180 1547 82 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1547 83 child child NN 5180 1547 84 pornography pornography NN 5180 1547 85 ; ; : 5180 1547 86 or or CC 5180 1547 87 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1547 88 III III NNP 5180 1547 89 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1547 90 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1547 91 to to IN 5180 1547 92 minors minor NNS 5180 1547 93 " " `` 5180 1547 94 will will MD 5180 1547 95 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1547 96 block block VB 5180 1547 97 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1547 98 amounts amount NNS 5180 1547 99 of of IN 5180 1547 100 speech speech NN 5180 1547 101 that that WDT 5180 1547 102 does do VBZ 5180 1547 103 not not RB 5180 1547 104 fall fall VB 5180 1547 105 within within IN 5180 1547 106 these these DT 5180 1547 107 categories category NNS 5180 1547 108 . . . 5180 1548 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1548 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1548 3 . . . 5180 1549 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 1549 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1549 3 codified codify VBN 5180 1549 4 at at IN 5180 1549 5 20 20 CD 5180 1549 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1550 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1550 2 . . . 5180 1551 1 9134(f)(1)(A 9134(f)(1)(A NNP 5180 1551 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1551 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1551 4 . . . 5180 1552 1 Hence hence RB 5180 1552 2 , , , 5180 1552 3 any any DT 5180 1552 4 public public JJ 5180 1552 5 library library NN 5180 1552 6 's 's POS 5180 1552 7 use use NN 5180 1552 8 of of IN 5180 1552 9 a a DT 5180 1552 10 software software NN 5180 1552 11 filter filter NN 5180 1552 12 required require VBN 5180 1552 13 by by IN 5180 1552 14 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1552 15 will will MD 5180 1552 16 fail fail VB 5180 1552 17 to to TO 5180 1552 18 be be VB 5180 1552 19 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1552 20 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1552 21 to to IN 5180 1552 22 the the DT 5180 1552 23 government government NN 5180 1552 24 's 's POS 5180 1552 25 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1552 26 interest interest NN 5180 1552 27 in in IN 5180 1552 28 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1552 29 the the DT 5180 1552 30 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1552 31 , , , 5180 1552 32 through through IN 5180 1552 33 Internet internet NN 5180 1552 34 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1552 35 in in IN 5180 1552 36 public public JJ 5180 1552 37 libraries library NNS 5180 1552 38 , , , 5180 1552 39 of of IN 5180 1552 40 visual visual JJ 5180 1552 41 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1552 42 that that WDT 5180 1552 43 are be VBP 5180 1552 44 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1552 45 , , , 5180 1552 46 child child NN 5180 1552 47 pornography pornography NN 5180 1552 48 , , , 5180 1552 49 or or CC 5180 1552 50 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1552 51 to to IN 5180 1552 52 minors minor NNS 5180 1552 53 . . . 5180 1553 1 Where where WRB 5180 1553 2 , , , 5180 1553 3 as as IN 5180 1553 4 here here RB 5180 1553 5 , , , 5180 1553 6 strict strict JJ 5180 1553 7 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1553 8 applies apply VBZ 5180 1553 9 , , , 5180 1553 10 the the DT 5180 1553 11 government government NN 5180 1553 12 may may MD 5180 1553 13 not not RB 5180 1553 14 justify justify VB 5180 1553 15 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1553 16 on on IN 5180 1553 17 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1553 18 protected protect VBN 5180 1553 19 speech speech NN 5180 1553 20 on on IN 5180 1553 21 the the DT 5180 1553 22 ground ground NN 5180 1553 23 that that IN 5180 1553 24 such such JJ 5180 1553 25 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1553 26 are be VBP 5180 1553 27 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1553 28 in in IN 5180 1553 29 order order NN 5180 1553 30 for for IN 5180 1553 31 the the DT 5180 1553 32 government government NN 5180 1553 33 effectively effectively RB 5180 1553 34 to to TO 5180 1553 35 suppress suppress VB 5180 1553 36 the the DT 5180 1553 37 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1553 38 of of IN 5180 1553 39 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1553 40 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1553 41 speech speech NN 5180 1553 42 , , , 5180 1553 43 such such JJ 5180 1553 44 as as IN 5180 1553 45 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1553 46 and and CC 5180 1553 47 child child NN 5180 1553 48 pornography pornography NN 5180 1553 49 . . . 5180 1554 1 " " `` 5180 1554 2 The the DT 5180 1554 3 argument argument NN 5180 1554 4 . . . 5180 1555 1 . . . 5180 1556 1 . . . 5180 1557 1 that that DT 5180 1557 2 protected protect VBN 5180 1557 3 speech speech NN 5180 1557 4 may may MD 5180 1557 5 be be VB 5180 1557 6 banned ban VBN 5180 1557 7 as as IN 5180 1557 8 a a DT 5180 1557 9 means means NN 5180 1557 10 to to TO 5180 1557 11 ban ban VB 5180 1557 12 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1557 13 speech speech NN 5180 1557 14 . . . 5180 1558 1 . . . 5180 1559 1 . . . 5180 1560 1 . . . 5180 1561 1 turns turn VBZ 5180 1561 2 the the DT 5180 1561 3 First First NNP 5180 1561 4 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1561 5 upside upside RB 5180 1561 6 down down RB 5180 1561 7 . . . 5180 1562 1 The the DT 5180 1562 2 Government Government NNP 5180 1562 3 may may MD 5180 1562 4 not not RB 5180 1562 5 suppress suppress VB 5180 1562 6 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1562 7 speech speech NN 5180 1562 8 as as IN 5180 1562 9 the the DT 5180 1562 10 means mean NNS 5180 1562 11 to to TO 5180 1562 12 suppress suppress VB 5180 1562 13 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1562 14 speech speech NN 5180 1562 15 . . . 5180 1562 16 " " '' 5180 1563 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 1563 2 , , , 5180 1563 3 122 122 CD 5180 1563 4 S. S. NNP 5180 1563 5 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1563 6 . . . 5180 1563 7 at at IN 5180 1563 8 1404 1404 CD 5180 1563 9 . . . 5180 1564 1 This this DT 5180 1564 2 rule rule NN 5180 1564 3 reflects reflect VBZ 5180 1564 4 the the DT 5180 1564 5 judgment judgment NN 5180 1564 6 that that IN 5180 1564 7 " " `` 5180 1564 8 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1564 9 t]he t]he VBG 5180 1564 10 possible possible JJ 5180 1564 11 harm harm NN 5180 1564 12 to to IN 5180 1564 13 society society NN 5180 1564 14 in in IN 5180 1564 15 permitting permit VBG 5180 1564 16 some some DT 5180 1564 17 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1564 18 speech speech NN 5180 1564 19 to to TO 5180 1564 20 go go VB 5180 1564 21 unpunished unpunished JJ 5180 1564 22 is be VBZ 5180 1564 23 outweighed outweigh VBN 5180 1564 24 by by IN 5180 1564 25 the the DT 5180 1564 26 possibility possibility NN 5180 1564 27 that that WDT 5180 1564 28 protected protect VBD 5180 1564 29 speech speech NN 5180 1564 30 of of IN 5180 1564 31 others other NNS 5180 1564 32 may may MD 5180 1564 33 be be VB 5180 1564 34 muted mute VBN 5180 1564 35 . . . 5180 1565 1 . . . 5180 1566 1 . . . 5180 1567 1 . . . 5180 1567 2 " " '' 5180 1568 1 Broadrick Broadrick NNP 5180 1568 2 v. v. IN 5180 1568 3 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 5180 1568 4 , , , 5180 1568 5 413 413 CD 5180 1568 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1568 7 at at IN 5180 1568 8 612 612 CD 5180 1568 9 . . . 5180 1569 1 Thus thus RB 5180 1569 2 , , , 5180 1569 3 in in IN 5180 1569 4 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 1569 5 , , , 5180 1569 6 the the DT 5180 1569 7 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1569 8 Court Court NNP 5180 1569 9 rejected reject VBD 5180 1569 10 the the DT 5180 1569 11 government government NN 5180 1569 12 's 's POS 5180 1569 13 argument argument NN 5180 1569 14 that that IN 5180 1569 15 a a DT 5180 1569 16 statute statute NN 5180 1569 17 criminalizing criminalize VBG 5180 1569 18 the the DT 5180 1569 19 distribution distribution NN 5180 1569 20 of of IN 5180 1569 21 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1569 22 protected protect VBN 5180 1569 23 " " `` 5180 1569 24 virtual virtual JJ 5180 1569 25 " " '' 5180 1569 26 child child NN 5180 1569 27 pornography pornography NN 5180 1569 28 , , , 5180 1569 29 produced produce VBN 5180 1569 30 through through IN 5180 1569 31 computer computer NN 5180 1569 32 imaging image VBG 5180 1569 33 technology technology NN 5180 1569 34 without without IN 5180 1569 35 the the DT 5180 1569 36 use use NN 5180 1569 37 of of IN 5180 1569 38 real real JJ 5180 1569 39 children child NNS 5180 1569 40 , , , 5180 1569 41 was be VBD 5180 1569 42 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1569 43 to to TO 5180 1569 44 further further RB 5180 1569 45 the the DT 5180 1569 46 state state NN 5180 1569 47 's 's POS 5180 1569 48 interest interest NN 5180 1569 49 in in IN 5180 1569 50 prosecuting prosecute VBG 5180 1569 51 the the DT 5180 1569 52 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1569 53 of of IN 5180 1569 54 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1569 55 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1569 56 child child NN 5180 1569 57 pornography pornography NN 5180 1569 58 produced produce VBD 5180 1569 59 using use VBG 5180 1569 60 real real JJ 5180 1569 61 children child NNS 5180 1569 62 , , , 5180 1569 63 since since IN 5180 1569 64 " " `` 5180 1569 65 the the DT 5180 1569 66 possibility possibility NN 5180 1569 67 of of IN 5180 1569 68 producing produce VBG 5180 1569 69 images image NNS 5180 1569 70 by by IN 5180 1569 71 using use VBG 5180 1569 72 computer computer NN 5180 1569 73 imaging imaging NN 5180 1569 74 makes make VBZ 5180 1569 75 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1569 76 very very RB 5180 1569 77 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1569 78 for for IN 5180 1569 79 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1569 80 the the DT 5180 1569 81 government government NN 5180 1569 82 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1569 83 to to TO 5180 1569 84 prosecute prosecute VB 5180 1569 85 those those DT 5180 1569 86 who who WP 5180 1569 87 produce produce VBP 5180 1569 88 pornography pornography NN 5180 1569 89 using use VBG 5180 1569 90 real real JJ 5180 1569 91 children child NNS 5180 1569 92 . . . 5180 1569 93 " " '' 5180 1570 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 1570 2 , , , 5180 1570 3 122 122 CD 5180 1570 4 S. S. NNP 5180 1570 5 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1570 6 . . . 5180 1570 7 at at IN 5180 1570 8 1404 1404 CD 5180 1570 9 ; ; : 5180 1570 10 see see VB 5180 1570 11 also also RB 5180 1570 12 Stanley Stanley NNP 5180 1570 13 , , , 5180 1570 14 394 394 CD 5180 1570 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1570 16 at at IN 5180 1570 17 567 567 CD 5180 1570 18 - - SYM 5180 1570 19 58 58 CD 5180 1570 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1570 21 holding hold VBG 5180 1570 22 that that IN 5180 1570 23 individuals individual NNS 5180 1570 24 have have VBP 5180 1570 25 a a DT 5180 1570 26 First First NNP 5180 1570 27 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1570 28 right right NN 5180 1570 29 to to TO 5180 1570 30 possess possess VB 5180 1570 31 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1570 32 material material NN 5180 1570 33 , , , 5180 1570 34 even even RB 5180 1570 35 though though IN 5180 1570 36 the the DT 5180 1570 37 existence existence NN 5180 1570 38 of of IN 5180 1570 39 this this DT 5180 1570 40 right right NN 5180 1570 41 makes make VBZ 5180 1570 42 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1570 43 more more RBR 5180 1570 44 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1570 45 for for IN 5180 1570 46 the the DT 5180 1570 47 states state NNS 5180 1570 48 to to TO 5180 1570 49 further further VB 5180 1570 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1570 51 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1570 52 interest interest NN 5180 1570 53 in in IN 5180 1570 54 prosecuting prosecute VBG 5180 1570 55 the the DT 5180 1570 56 distribution distribution NN 5180 1570 57 of of IN 5180 1570 58 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1570 59 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1570 60 . . . 5180 1571 1 By by IN 5180 1571 2 the the DT 5180 1571 3 same same JJ 5180 1571 4 token token NN 5180 1571 5 , , , 5180 1571 6 even even RB 5180 1571 7 if if IN 5180 1571 8 the the DT 5180 1571 9 use use NN 5180 1571 10 of of IN 5180 1571 11 filters filter NNS 5180 1571 12 is be VBZ 5180 1571 13 effective effective JJ 5180 1571 14 in in IN 5180 1571 15 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1571 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1571 17 from from IN 5180 1571 18 receiving receive VBG 5180 1571 19 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1571 20 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1571 21 speech speech NN 5180 1571 22 , , , 5180 1571 23 the the DT 5180 1571 24 government government NN 5180 1571 25 's 's POS 5180 1571 26 interest interest NN 5180 1571 27 in in IN 5180 1571 28 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1571 29 the the DT 5180 1571 30 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1571 31 of of IN 5180 1571 32 such such JJ 5180 1571 33 speech speech NN 5180 1571 34 can can MD 5180 1571 35 not not RB 5180 1571 36 justify justify VB 5180 1571 37 the the DT 5180 1571 38 use use NN 5180 1571 39 of of IN 5180 1571 40 the the DT 5180 1571 41 technology technology NN 5180 1571 42 protection protection NN 5180 1571 43 measures measure NNS 5180 1571 44 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1571 45 by by IN 5180 1571 46 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1571 47 , , , 5180 1571 48 which which WDT 5180 1571 49 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1571 50 block block VBP 5180 1571 51 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1571 52 amounts amount NNS 5180 1571 53 of of IN 5180 1571 54 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1571 55 protected protect VBN 5180 1571 56 speech speech NN 5180 1571 57 . . . 5180 1572 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1572 2 thus thus RB 5180 1572 3 resembles resemble VBZ 5180 1572 4 the the DT 5180 1572 5 Communications Communications NNP 5180 1572 6 Decency Decency NNP 5180 1572 7 Act Act NNP 5180 1572 8 , , , 5180 1572 9 which which WDT 5180 1572 10 the the DT 5180 1572 11 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1572 12 Court Court NNP 5180 1572 13 facially facially RB 5180 1572 14 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 1572 15 in in IN 5180 1572 16 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1572 17 v. v. CC 5180 1572 18 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 1572 19 , , , 5180 1572 20 521 521 CD 5180 1572 21 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1572 22 844 844 CD 5180 1572 23 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1572 24 1997 1997 CD 5180 1572 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1572 26 . . . 5180 1573 1 Although although IN 5180 1573 2 on on IN 5180 1573 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1573 4 face face NN 5180 1573 5 , , , 5180 1573 6 the the DT 5180 1573 7 CDA CDA NNP 5180 1573 8 simply simply RB 5180 1573 9 restricted restrict VBD 5180 1573 10 the the DT 5180 1573 11 distribution distribution NN 5180 1573 12 to to IN 5180 1573 13 minors minor NNS 5180 1573 14 of of IN 5180 1573 15 speech speech NN 5180 1573 16 that that WDT 5180 1573 17 was be VBD 5180 1573 18 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1573 19 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1573 20 with with IN 5180 1573 21 respect respect NN 5180 1573 22 to to IN 5180 1573 23 minors minor NNS 5180 1573 24 , , , 5180 1573 25 as as IN 5180 1573 26 a a DT 5180 1573 27 practical practical JJ 5180 1573 28 matter matter NN 5180 1573 29 , , , 5180 1573 30 given give VBN 5180 1573 31 Web web NN 5180 1573 32 sites site NNS 5180 1573 33 ' ' POS 5180 1573 34 difficulties difficulty NNS 5180 1573 35 in in IN 5180 1573 36 identifying identify VBG 5180 1573 37 the the DT 5180 1573 38 ages age NNS 5180 1573 39 of of IN 5180 1573 40 Internet internet NN 5180 1573 41 users user NNS 5180 1573 42 , , , 5180 1573 43 the the DT 5180 1573 44 CDA CDA NNP 5180 1573 45 effectively effectively RB 5180 1573 46 prohibited prohibit VBD 5180 1573 47 the the DT 5180 1573 48 distribution distribution NN 5180 1573 49 to to IN 5180 1573 50 adults adult NNS 5180 1573 51 of of IN 5180 1573 52 material material NN 5180 1573 53 that that WDT 5180 1573 54 was be VBD 5180 1573 55 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1573 56 protected protect VBN 5180 1573 57 with with IN 5180 1573 58 respect respect NN 5180 1573 59 to to IN 5180 1573 60 adults adult NNS 5180 1573 61 . . . 5180 1574 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1574 2 , , , 5180 1574 3 although although IN 5180 1574 4 on on IN 5180 1574 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1574 6 face face NN 5180 1574 7 , , , 5180 1574 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1574 9 , , , 5180 1574 10 like like IN 5180 1574 11 the the DT 5180 1574 12 CDA CDA NNP 5180 1574 13 , , , 5180 1574 14 requires require VBZ 5180 1574 15 the the DT 5180 1574 16 suppression suppression NN 5180 1574 17 of of IN 5180 1574 18 only only RB 5180 1574 19 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1574 20 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1574 21 speech speech NN 5180 1574 22 , , , 5180 1574 23 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1574 24 is be VBZ 5180 1574 25 impossible impossible JJ 5180 1574 26 as as IN 5180 1574 27 a a DT 5180 1574 28 practical practical JJ 5180 1574 29 matter matter NN 5180 1574 30 , , , 5180 1574 31 given give VBN 5180 1574 32 the the DT 5180 1574 33 state state NN 5180 1574 34 of of IN 5180 1574 35 the the DT 5180 1574 36 art art NN 5180 1574 37 of of IN 5180 1574 38 filtering filter VBG 5180 1574 39 technology technology NN 5180 1574 40 , , , 5180 1574 41 for for IN 5180 1574 42 a a DT 5180 1574 43 public public JJ 5180 1574 44 library library NN 5180 1574 45 to to TO 5180 1574 46 comply comply VB 5180 1574 47 with with IN 5180 1574 48 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1574 49 without without IN 5180 1574 50 also also RB 5180 1574 51 blocking block VBG 5180 1574 52 significant significant JJ 5180 1574 53 amounts amount NNS 5180 1574 54 of of IN 5180 1574 55 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1574 56 protected protect VBN 5180 1574 57 speech speech NN 5180 1574 58 . . . 5180 1575 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1575 2 therefore therefore RB 5180 1575 3 hold hold VBP 5180 1575 4 that that IN 5180 1575 5 a a DT 5180 1575 6 library library NN 5180 1575 7 's 's POS 5180 1575 8 use use NN 5180 1575 9 of of IN 5180 1575 10 a a DT 5180 1575 11 technology technology NN 5180 1575 12 protection protection NN 5180 1575 13 measure measure NN 5180 1575 14 required require VBN 5180 1575 15 by by IN 5180 1575 16 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1575 17 is be VBZ 5180 1575 18 not not RB 5180 1575 19 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1575 20 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1575 21 to to IN 5180 1575 22 the the DT 5180 1575 23 government government NN 5180 1575 24 's 's POS 5180 1575 25 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1575 26 interest interest NN 5180 1575 27 in in IN 5180 1575 28 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1575 29 the the DT 5180 1575 30 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1575 31 of of IN 5180 1575 32 visual visual JJ 5180 1575 33 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1575 34 that that WDT 5180 1575 35 are be VBP 5180 1575 36 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1575 37 , , , 5180 1575 38 child child NN 5180 1575 39 pornography pornography NN 5180 1575 40 , , , 5180 1575 41 or or CC 5180 1575 42 in in IN 5180 1575 43 the the DT 5180 1575 44 case case NN 5180 1575 45 of of IN 5180 1575 46 minors minor NNS 5180 1575 47 , , , 5180 1575 48 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1575 49 to to IN 5180 1575 50 minors minor NNS 5180 1575 51 . . . 5180 1576 1 For for IN 5180 1576 2 the the DT 5180 1576 3 same same JJ 5180 1576 4 reason reason NN 5180 1576 5 that that IN 5180 1576 6 a a DT 5180 1576 7 public public JJ 5180 1576 8 library library NN 5180 1576 9 's 's POS 5180 1576 10 use use NN 5180 1576 11 of of IN 5180 1576 12 software software NN 5180 1576 13 filters filter NNS 5180 1576 14 is be VBZ 5180 1576 15 not not RB 5180 1576 16 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1576 17 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1576 18 to to TO 5180 1576 19 further further RB 5180 1576 20 the the DT 5180 1576 21 library library NN 5180 1576 22 's 's POS 5180 1576 23 interest interest NN 5180 1576 24 in in IN 5180 1576 25 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1576 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1576 27 computers computer NNS 5180 1576 28 from from IN 5180 1576 29 being be VBG 5180 1576 30 used use VBN 5180 1576 31 to to TO 5180 1576 32 disseminate disseminate VB 5180 1576 33 visual visual JJ 5180 1576 34 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1576 35 that that WDT 5180 1576 36 are be VBP 5180 1576 37 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1576 38 , , , 5180 1576 39 child child NN 5180 1576 40 pornography pornography NN 5180 1576 41 , , , 5180 1576 42 and and CC 5180 1576 43 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1576 44 to to IN 5180 1576 45 minors minor NNS 5180 1576 46 , , , 5180 1576 47 a a DT 5180 1576 48 public public JJ 5180 1576 49 library library NN 5180 1576 50 's 's POS 5180 1576 51 use use NN 5180 1576 52 of of IN 5180 1576 53 software software NN 5180 1576 54 filters filter NNS 5180 1576 55 is be VBZ 5180 1576 56 not not RB 5180 1576 57 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1576 58 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1576 59 to to TO 5180 1576 60 further further RB 5180 1576 61 the the DT 5180 1576 62 library library NN 5180 1576 63 's 's POS 5180 1576 64 interest interest NN 5180 1576 65 in in IN 5180 1576 66 protecting protect VBG 5180 1576 67 patrons patron NNS 5180 1576 68 from from IN 5180 1576 69 being be VBG 5180 1576 70 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1576 71 exposed expose VBN 5180 1576 72 to to IN 5180 1576 73 offensive offensive NN 5180 1576 74 , , , 5180 1576 75 sexually sexually RB 5180 1576 76 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1576 77 material material NN 5180 1576 78 . . . 5180 1577 1 As as IN 5180 1577 2 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1577 3 in in IN 5180 1577 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1577 5 findings finding NNS 5180 1577 6 of of IN 5180 1577 7 fact fact NN 5180 1577 8 , , , 5180 1577 9 the the DT 5180 1577 10 filters filter NNS 5180 1577 11 required require VBN 5180 1577 12 by by IN 5180 1577 13 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1577 14 block block NN 5180 1577 15 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1577 16 numbers number NNS 5180 1577 17 of of IN 5180 1577 18 Web web NN 5180 1577 19 sites site NNS 5180 1577 20 that that IN 5180 1577 21 even even RB 5180 1577 22 the the DT 5180 1577 23 most most RBS 5180 1577 24 puritanical puritanical JJ 5180 1577 25 public public JJ 5180 1577 26 library library NN 5180 1577 27 patron patron NN 5180 1577 28 would would MD 5180 1577 29 not not RB 5180 1577 30 find find VB 5180 1577 31 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1577 32 , , , 5180 1577 33 such such JJ 5180 1577 34 as as IN 5180 1577 35 http://federo.com http://federo.com ADD 5180 1577 36 , , , 5180 1577 37 a a DT 5180 1577 38 Web web NN 5180 1577 39 site site NN 5180 1577 40 that that WDT 5180 1577 41 promotes promote VBZ 5180 1577 42 federalism federalism NN 5180 1577 43 in in IN 5180 1577 44 Uganda Uganda NNP 5180 1577 45 , , , 5180 1577 46 which which WDT 5180 1577 47 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 1577 48 blocked block VBD 5180 1577 49 as as IN 5180 1577 50 " " `` 5180 1577 51 Adults Adults NNP 5180 1577 52 Only only RB 5180 1577 53 , , , 5180 1577 54 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 1577 55 , , , 5180 1577 56 " " '' 5180 1577 57 and and CC 5180 1577 58 http://www.vvm.com/~bond/home.htm http://www.vvm.com/~bond/home.htm CD 5180 1577 59 , , , 5180 1577 60 a a DT 5180 1577 61 site site NN 5180 1577 62 for for IN 5180 1577 63 aspiring aspire VBG 5180 1577 64 dentists dentist NNS 5180 1577 65 , , , 5180 1577 66 which which WDT 5180 1577 67 was be VBD 5180 1577 68 blocked block VBN 5180 1577 69 by by IN 5180 1577 70 Cyberpatrol Cyberpatrol NNP 5180 1577 71 as as IN 5180 1577 72 " " `` 5180 1577 73 Adult adult NN 5180 1577 74 / / , 5180 1577 75 Sexually sexually RB 5180 1577 76 Explicit Explicit NNP 5180 1577 77 . . . 5180 1577 78 " " '' 5180 1578 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1578 2 list list VBP 5180 1578 3 many many RB 5180 1578 4 more more JJR 5180 1578 5 such such JJ 5180 1578 6 examples example NNS 5180 1578 7 in in IN 5180 1578 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1578 9 findings finding NNS 5180 1578 10 of of IN 5180 1578 11 fact fact NN 5180 1578 12 , , , 5180 1578 13 see see VB 5180 1578 14 supra supra NNP 5180 1578 15 , , , 5180 1578 16 and and CC 5180 1578 17 find find VB 5180 1578 18 that that IN 5180 1578 19 such such JJ 5180 1578 20 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1578 21 blocked block VBN 5180 1578 22 sites site NNS 5180 1578 23 number number NN 5180 1578 24 in in IN 5180 1578 25 at at RB 5180 1578 26 least least JJS 5180 1578 27 the the DT 5180 1578 28 thousands thousand NNS 5180 1578 29 . . . 5180 1579 1 Although although IN 5180 1579 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1579 3 have have VBP 5180 1579 4 found find VBN 5180 1579 5 large large JJ 5180 1579 6 amounts amount NNS 5180 1579 7 of of IN 5180 1579 8 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 1579 9 , , , 5180 1579 10 even even RB 5180 1579 11 if if IN 5180 1579 12 only only RB 5180 1579 13 a a DT 5180 1579 14 small small JJ 5180 1579 15 percentage percentage NN 5180 1579 16 of of IN 5180 1579 17 sites site NNS 5180 1579 18 blocked block VBN 5180 1579 19 are be VBP 5180 1579 20 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1579 21 blocked block VBN 5180 1579 22 , , , 5180 1579 23 either either CC 5180 1579 24 with with IN 5180 1579 25 respect respect NN 5180 1579 26 to to IN 5180 1579 27 the the DT 5180 1579 28 state state NN 5180 1579 29 's 's POS 5180 1579 30 interest interest NN 5180 1579 31 in in IN 5180 1579 32 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1579 33 adults adult NNS 5180 1579 34 from from IN 5180 1579 35 viewing view VBG 5180 1579 36 material material NN 5180 1579 37 that that WDT 5180 1579 38 is be VBZ 5180 1579 39 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1579 40 or or CC 5180 1579 41 child child NN 5180 1579 42 pornography pornography NN 5180 1579 43 and and CC 5180 1579 44 in in IN 5180 1579 45 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1579 46 minors minor NNS 5180 1579 47 from from IN 5180 1579 48 viewing view VBG 5180 1579 49 material material NN 5180 1579 50 that that WDT 5180 1579 51 is be VBZ 5180 1579 52 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1579 53 to to IN 5180 1579 54 minors minor NNS 5180 1579 55 , , , 5180 1579 56 or or CC 5180 1579 57 with with IN 5180 1579 58 respect respect NN 5180 1579 59 to to IN 5180 1579 60 the the DT 5180 1579 61 state state NN 5180 1579 62 's 's POS 5180 1579 63 interest interest NN 5180 1579 64 in in IN 5180 1579 65 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1579 66 library library NN 5180 1579 67 patrons patron NNS 5180 1579 68 generally generally RB 5180 1579 69 from from IN 5180 1579 70 being be VBG 5180 1579 71 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1579 72 exposed expose VBN 5180 1579 73 to to IN 5180 1579 74 offensive offensive NN 5180 1579 75 , , , 5180 1579 76 sexually sexually RB 5180 1579 77 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1579 78 material material NN 5180 1579 79 , , , 5180 1579 80 this this DT 5180 1579 81 imprecision imprecision NN 5180 1579 82 is be VBZ 5180 1579 83 fatal fatal JJ 5180 1579 84 under under IN 5180 1579 85 the the DT 5180 1579 86 First First NNP 5180 1579 87 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1579 88 . . . 5180 1580 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1580 2 . . . 5180 1581 1 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1581 2 , , , 5180 1581 3 521 521 CD 5180 1581 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1581 5 at at IN 5180 1581 6 874 874 CD 5180 1581 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1581 8 " " `` 5180 1581 9 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1581 10 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1581 11 CDA CDA NNP 5180 1581 12 lacks lack VBZ 5180 1581 13 the the DT 5180 1581 14 precision precision NN 5180 1581 15 that that IN 5180 1581 16 the the DT 5180 1581 17 First First NNP 5180 1581 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1581 19 requires require VBZ 5180 1581 20 when when WRB 5180 1581 21 a a DT 5180 1581 22 statute statute NN 5180 1581 23 regulates regulate VBZ 5180 1581 24 the the DT 5180 1581 25 content content NN 5180 1581 26 of of IN 5180 1581 27 speech speech NN 5180 1581 28 . . . 5180 1582 1 ") ") LS 5180 1582 2 ; ; : 5180 1582 3 League League NNP 5180 1582 4 of of IN 5180 1582 5 Women Women NNP 5180 1582 6 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 1582 7 , , , 5180 1582 8 468 468 CD 5180 1582 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1582 10 at at IN 5180 1582 11 398 398 CD 5180 1582 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1582 13 " " `` 5180 1582 14 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1582 15 E]ven e]ven JJ 5180 1582 16 if if IN 5180 1582 17 some some DT 5180 1582 18 of of IN 5180 1582 19 the the DT 5180 1582 20 hazards hazard NNS 5180 1582 21 at at IN 5180 1582 22 which which WDT 5180 1582 23 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1582 24 the the DT 5180 1582 25 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1582 26 provision provision NN 5180 1582 27 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1582 28 was be VBD 5180 1582 29 aimed aim VBN 5180 1582 30 are be VBP 5180 1582 31 sufficiently sufficiently RB 5180 1582 32 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1582 33 , , , 5180 1582 34 the the DT 5180 1582 35 restriction restriction NN 5180 1582 36 is be VBZ 5180 1582 37 not not RB 5180 1582 38 crafted craft VBN 5180 1582 39 with with IN 5180 1582 40 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 1582 41 precision precision NN 5180 1582 42 to to TO 5180 1582 43 remedy remedy VB 5180 1582 44 those those DT 5180 1582 45 dangers danger NNS 5180 1582 46 that that WDT 5180 1582 47 may may MD 5180 1582 48 exist exist VB 5180 1582 49 to to TO 5180 1582 50 justify justify VB 5180 1582 51 the the DT 5180 1582 52 significant significant JJ 5180 1582 53 abridgement abridgement NN 5180 1582 54 of of IN 5180 1582 55 speech speech NN 5180 1582 56 worked work VBN 5180 1582 57 by by IN 5180 1582 58 the the DT 5180 1582 59 provision provision NN 5180 1582 60 's 's POS 5180 1582 61 broad broad JJ 5180 1582 62 ban ban NN 5180 1582 63 . . . 5180 1583 1 . . . 5180 1584 1 . . . 5180 1585 1 . . . 5180 1585 2 " " '' 5180 1585 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1585 4 . . . 5180 1586 1 While while IN 5180 1586 2 the the DT 5180 1586 3 First First NNP 5180 1586 4 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1586 5 does do VBZ 5180 1586 6 not not RB 5180 1586 7 demand demand VB 5180 1586 8 perfection perfection NN 5180 1586 9 when when WRB 5180 1586 10 the the DT 5180 1586 11 government government NN 5180 1586 12 restricts restrict VBZ 5180 1586 13 speech speech NN 5180 1586 14 in in IN 5180 1586 15 order order NN 5180 1586 16 to to TO 5180 1586 17 advance advance VB 5180 1586 18 a a DT 5180 1586 19 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1586 20 interest interest NN 5180 1586 21 , , , 5180 1586 22 the the DT 5180 1586 23 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1586 24 amounts amount NNS 5180 1586 25 of of IN 5180 1586 26 erroneous erroneous JJ 5180 1586 27 blocking block VBG 5180 1586 28 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1586 29 in in IN 5180 1586 30 the the DT 5180 1586 31 technology technology NN 5180 1586 32 protection protection NN 5180 1586 33 measures measure NNS 5180 1586 34 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1586 35 by by IN 5180 1586 36 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1586 37 are be VBP 5180 1586 38 more more JJR 5180 1586 39 than than IN 5180 1586 40 simply simply RB 5180 1586 41 de de IN 5180 1586 42 minimis minimis NNP 5180 1586 43 instances instance NNS 5180 1586 44 of of IN 5180 1586 45 human human JJ 5180 1586 46 error error NN 5180 1586 47 . . . 5180 1587 1 " " `` 5180 1587 2 The the DT 5180 1587 3 line line NN 5180 1587 4 between between IN 5180 1587 5 speech speech NN 5180 1587 6 unconditionally unconditionally RB 5180 1587 7 guaranteed guarantee VBN 5180 1587 8 and and CC 5180 1587 9 speech speech NN 5180 1587 10 which which WDT 5180 1587 11 may may MD 5180 1587 12 legitimately legitimately RB 5180 1587 13 be be VB 5180 1587 14 regulated regulate VBN 5180 1587 15 , , , 5180 1587 16 suppressed suppress VBN 5180 1587 17 , , , 5180 1587 18 or or CC 5180 1587 19 punished punish VBN 5180 1587 20 is be VBZ 5180 1587 21 finely finely RB 5180 1587 22 drawn draw VBN 5180 1587 23 . . . 5180 1588 1 Error error NN 5180 1588 2 in in IN 5180 1588 3 marking mark VBG 5180 1588 4 that that DT 5180 1588 5 line line NN 5180 1588 6 exacts exact VBZ 5180 1588 7 an an DT 5180 1588 8 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 5180 1588 9 cost cost NN 5180 1588 10 . . . 5180 1588 11 " " '' 5180 1589 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1589 2 , , , 5180 1589 3 529 529 CD 5180 1589 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1589 5 at at IN 5180 1589 6 817 817 CD 5180 1589 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1589 8 internal internal JJ 5180 1589 9 quotation quotation NN 5180 1589 10 marks mark NNS 5180 1589 11 and and CC 5180 1589 12 citation citation NN 5180 1589 13 omitted omit VBD 5180 1589 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1589 15 . . . 5180 1590 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1590 2 , , , 5180 1590 3 " " `` 5180 1590 4 precision precision NN 5180 1590 5 of of IN 5180 1590 6 regulation regulation NN 5180 1590 7 must must MD 5180 1590 8 be be VB 5180 1590 9 the the DT 5180 1590 10 touchstone touchstone NN 5180 1590 11 in in IN 5180 1590 12 an an DT 5180 1590 13 area area NN 5180 1590 14 so so RB 5180 1590 15 closely closely RB 5180 1590 16 touching touch VBG 5180 1590 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1590 18 most most RBS 5180 1590 19 precious precious JJ 5180 1590 20 freedoms freedom NNS 5180 1590 21 . . . 5180 1590 22 " " '' 5180 1591 1 Keyishian Keyishian NNP 5180 1591 2 v. v. IN 5180 1591 3 Bd Bd NNP 5180 1591 4 . . . 5180 1592 1 of of IN 5180 1592 2 Regents Regents NNPS 5180 1592 3 of of IN 5180 1592 4 the the DT 5180 1592 5 Univ Univ NNP 5180 1592 6 . . . 5180 1593 1 of of IN 5180 1593 2 the the DT 5180 1593 3 State State NNP 5180 1593 4 of of IN 5180 1593 5 N.Y. New York NNP 5180 1593 6 , , , 5180 1593 7 385 385 CD 5180 1593 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1593 9 589 589 CD 5180 1593 10 , , , 5180 1593 11 603 603 CD 5180 1593 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1593 13 1967 1967 CD 5180 1593 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1593 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1593 16 internal internal JJ 5180 1593 17 quotation quotation NN 5180 1593 18 marks mark NNS 5180 1593 19 and and CC 5180 1593 20 citation citation NN 5180 1593 21 omitted omit VBD 5180 1593 22 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1593 23 ; ; : 5180 1593 24 see see VB 5180 1593 25 also also RB 5180 1593 26 Bantam Bantam NNP 5180 1593 27 Books Books NNP 5180 1593 28 , , , 5180 1593 29 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1593 30 v. v. IN 5180 1593 31 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 5180 1593 32 , , , 5180 1593 33 372 372 CD 5180 1593 34 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1593 35 58 58 CD 5180 1593 36 , , , 5180 1593 37 66 66 CD 5180 1593 38 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1593 39 1963 1963 CD 5180 1593 40 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1593 41 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1593 42 " " `` 5180 1593 43 The the DT 5180 1593 44 separation separation NN 5180 1593 45 of of IN 5180 1593 46 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1593 47 from from IN 5180 1593 48 illegitimate illegitimate JJ 5180 1593 49 speech speech NN 5180 1593 50 calls call NNS 5180 1593 51 for for IN 5180 1593 52 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 1593 53 tools tool NNS 5180 1593 54 . . . 5180 1593 55 " " '' 5180 1593 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1594 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1594 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1594 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1594 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1594 5 and and CC 5180 1594 6 citation citation NN 5180 1594 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1594 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1594 9 . . . 5180 1595 1 Where where WRB 5180 1595 2 the the DT 5180 1595 3 government government NN 5180 1595 4 draws draw VBZ 5180 1595 5 content content NN 5180 1595 6 - - HYPH 5180 1595 7 based base VBN 5180 1595 8 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1595 9 on on IN 5180 1595 10 speech speech NN 5180 1595 11 in in IN 5180 1595 12 order order NN 5180 1595 13 to to TO 5180 1595 14 advance advance VB 5180 1595 15 a a DT 5180 1595 16 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1595 17 government government NN 5180 1595 18 interest interest NN 5180 1595 19 , , , 5180 1595 20 the the DT 5180 1595 21 First First NNP 5180 1595 22 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1595 23 demands demand VBZ 5180 1595 24 the the DT 5180 1595 25 precision precision NN 5180 1595 26 of of IN 5180 1595 27 a a DT 5180 1595 28 scalpel scalpel NN 5180 1595 29 , , , 5180 1595 30 not not RB 5180 1595 31 a a DT 5180 1595 32 sledgehammer sledgehammer NN 5180 1595 33 . . . 5180 1596 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1596 2 believe believe VBP 5180 1596 3 that that IN 5180 1596 4 a a DT 5180 1596 5 public public JJ 5180 1596 6 library library NN 5180 1596 7 's 's POS 5180 1596 8 use use NN 5180 1596 9 of of IN 5180 1596 10 the the DT 5180 1596 11 technology technology NN 5180 1596 12 protection protection NN 5180 1596 13 measures measure NNS 5180 1596 14 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1596 15 by by IN 5180 1596 16 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1596 17 is be VBZ 5180 1596 18 not not RB 5180 1596 19 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1596 20 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1596 21 to to TO 5180 1596 22 further further RB 5180 1596 23 the the DT 5180 1596 24 governmental governmental JJ 5180 1596 25 interests interest NNS 5180 1596 26 at at IN 5180 1596 27 stake stake NN 5180 1596 28 . . . 5180 1597 1 Although although IN 5180 1597 2 the the DT 5180 1597 3 strength strength NN 5180 1597 4 of of IN 5180 1597 5 different different JJ 5180 1597 6 libraries library NNS 5180 1597 7 ' ' POS 5180 1597 8 interests interest NNS 5180 1597 9 in in IN 5180 1597 10 blocking block VBG 5180 1597 11 certain certain JJ 5180 1597 12 forms form NNS 5180 1597 13 of of IN 5180 1597 14 speech speech NN 5180 1597 15 may may MD 5180 1597 16 vary vary VB 5180 1597 17 from from IN 5180 1597 18 library library NN 5180 1597 19 to to IN 5180 1597 20 library library NN 5180 1597 21 , , , 5180 1597 22 depending depend VBG 5180 1597 23 on on IN 5180 1597 24 the the DT 5180 1597 25 frequency frequency NN 5180 1597 26 and and CC 5180 1597 27 severity severity NN 5180 1597 28 of of IN 5180 1597 29 problems problem NNS 5180 1597 30 experienced experience VBN 5180 1597 31 by by IN 5180 1597 32 each each DT 5180 1597 33 particular particular JJ 5180 1597 34 library library NN 5180 1597 35 , , , 5180 1597 36 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1597 37 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1597 38 , , , 5180 1597 39 based base VBN 5180 1597 40 on on IN 5180 1597 41 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1597 42 findings finding NNS 5180 1597 43 of of IN 5180 1597 44 fact fact NN 5180 1597 45 , , , 5180 1597 46 that that IN 5180 1597 47 any any DT 5180 1597 48 public public JJ 5180 1597 49 library library NN 5180 1597 50 's 's POS 5180 1597 51 use use NN 5180 1597 52 of of IN 5180 1597 53 a a DT 5180 1597 54 filtering filter VBG 5180 1597 55 product product NN 5180 1597 56 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1597 57 by by IN 5180 1597 58 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1597 59 will will MD 5180 1597 60 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1597 61 fail fail VB 5180 1597 62 to to TO 5180 1597 63 be be VB 5180 1597 64 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1597 65 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1597 66 to to TO 5180 1597 67 address address VB 5180 1597 68 the the DT 5180 1597 69 library library NN 5180 1597 70 's 's POS 5180 1597 71 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1597 72 interests interest NNS 5180 1597 73 . . . 5180 1598 1 Because because IN 5180 1598 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1598 3 is be VBZ 5180 1598 4 impossible impossible JJ 5180 1598 5 for for IN 5180 1598 6 a a DT 5180 1598 7 public public JJ 5180 1598 8 library library NN 5180 1598 9 to to TO 5180 1598 10 comply comply VB 5180 1598 11 with with IN 5180 1598 12 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1598 13 without without IN 5180 1598 14 blocking block VBG 5180 1598 15 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1598 16 amounts amount NNS 5180 1598 17 of of IN 5180 1598 18 speech speech NN 5180 1598 19 whose whose WP$ 5180 1598 20 suppression suppression NN 5180 1598 21 serves serve VBZ 5180 1598 22 no no DT 5180 1598 23 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1598 24 state state NN 5180 1598 25 interest interest NN 5180 1598 26 , , , 5180 1598 27 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1598 28 therefore therefore RB 5180 1598 29 hold hold VBP 5180 1598 30 that that IN 5180 1598 31 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1598 32 is be VBZ 5180 1598 33 facially facially RB 5180 1598 34 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1598 35 , , , 5180 1598 36 even even RB 5180 1598 37 under under IN 5180 1598 38 the the DT 5180 1598 39 more more RBR 5180 1598 40 stringent stringent JJ 5180 1598 41 standard standard NN 5180 1598 42 of of IN 5180 1598 43 facial facial JJ 5180 1598 44 invalidity invalidity NN 5180 1598 45 urged urge VBD 5180 1598 46 on on IN 5180 1598 47 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1598 48 by by IN 5180 1598 49 the the DT 5180 1598 50 government government NN 5180 1598 51 , , , 5180 1598 52 which which WDT 5180 1598 53 would would MD 5180 1598 54 require require VB 5180 1598 55 upholding uphold VBG 5180 1598 56 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1598 57 if if IN 5180 1598 58 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1598 59 is be VBZ 5180 1598 60 possible possible JJ 5180 1598 61 for for IN 5180 1598 62 just just RB 5180 1598 63 a a DT 5180 1598 64 single single JJ 5180 1598 65 library library NN 5180 1598 66 to to TO 5180 1598 67 comply comply VB 5180 1598 68 with with IN 5180 1598 69 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1598 70 's 's POS 5180 1598 71 conditions condition NNS 5180 1598 72 without without IN 5180 1598 73 violating violate VBG 5180 1598 74 the the DT 5180 1598 75 First First NNP 5180 1598 76 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1598 77 . . . 5180 1599 1 See see VB 5180 1599 2 supra supra NNP 5180 1599 3 Part Part NNP 5180 1599 4 III III NNP 5180 1599 5 . . . 5180 1600 1 3 3 LS 5180 1600 2 . . . 5180 1601 1 Less Less JJR 5180 1601 2 Restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1601 3 Alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1601 4 The the DT 5180 1601 5 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 1601 6 infirmity infirmity NN 5180 1601 7 of of IN 5180 1601 8 a a DT 5180 1601 9 public public JJ 5180 1601 10 library library NN 5180 1601 11 's 's POS 5180 1601 12 use use NN 5180 1601 13 of of IN 5180 1601 14 software software NN 5180 1601 15 filters filter NNS 5180 1601 16 is be VBZ 5180 1601 17 evidenced evidence VBN 5180 1601 18 not not RB 5180 1601 19 only only RB 5180 1601 20 by by IN 5180 1601 21 the the DT 5180 1601 22 absence absence NN 5180 1601 23 of of IN 5180 1601 24 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1601 25 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1601 26 , , , 5180 1601 27 but but CC 5180 1601 28 also also RB 5180 1601 29 by by IN 5180 1601 30 the the DT 5180 1601 31 existence existence NN 5180 1601 32 of of IN 5180 1601 33 less less RBR 5180 1601 34 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1601 35 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1601 36 that that WDT 5180 1601 37 further further RB 5180 1601 38 the the DT 5180 1601 39 government government NN 5180 1601 40 's 's POS 5180 1601 41 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1601 42 interests interest NNS 5180 1601 43 . . . 5180 1602 1 See see VB 5180 1602 2 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1602 3 , , , 5180 1602 4 529 529 CD 5180 1602 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1602 6 at at IN 5180 1602 7 813 813 CD 5180 1602 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1602 9 " " `` 5180 1602 10 If if IN 5180 1602 11 a a DT 5180 1602 12 less less RBR 5180 1602 13 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1602 14 alternative alternative NN 5180 1602 15 would would MD 5180 1602 16 serve serve VB 5180 1602 17 the the DT 5180 1602 18 Government Government NNP 5180 1602 19 's 's POS 5180 1602 20 purpose purpose NN 5180 1602 21 , , , 5180 1602 22 the the DT 5180 1602 23 legislature legislature NN 5180 1602 24 must must MD 5180 1602 25 use use VB 5180 1602 26 that that DT 5180 1602 27 alternative alternative NN 5180 1602 28 . . . 5180 1603 1 ") ") `` 5180 1603 2 ; ; : 5180 1603 3 Sable sable JJ 5180 1603 4 , , , 5180 1603 5 492 492 CD 5180 1603 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1603 7 at at IN 5180 1603 8 126 126 CD 5180 1603 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1603 10 " " `` 5180 1603 11 The the DT 5180 1603 12 Government Government NNP 5180 1603 13 may may MD 5180 1603 14 . . . 5180 1604 1 . . . 5180 1605 1 . . . 5180 1606 1 regulate regulate VB 5180 1606 2 the the DT 5180 1606 3 content content NN 5180 1606 4 of of IN 5180 1606 5 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1606 6 protected protect VBN 5180 1606 7 speech speech NN 5180 1606 8 in in IN 5180 1606 9 order order NN 5180 1606 10 to to TO 5180 1606 11 promote promote VB 5180 1606 12 a a DT 5180 1606 13 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1606 14 interest interest NN 5180 1606 15 if if IN 5180 1606 16 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1606 17 chooses choose VBZ 5180 1606 18 the the DT 5180 1606 19 least least JJS 5180 1606 20 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1606 21 means mean NNS 5180 1606 22 to to TO 5180 1606 23 further further RB 5180 1606 24 the the DT 5180 1606 25 articulated articulate VBN 5180 1606 26 interest interest NN 5180 1606 27 . . . 5180 1606 28 " " '' 5180 1606 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1606 30 . . . 5180 1607 1 As as IN 5180 1607 2 is be VBZ 5180 1607 3 the the DT 5180 1607 4 case case NN 5180 1607 5 with with IN 5180 1607 6 the the DT 5180 1607 7 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1607 8 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1607 9 requirement requirement NN 5180 1607 10 , , , 5180 1607 11 the the DT 5180 1607 12 government government NN 5180 1607 13 bears bear VBZ 5180 1607 14 the the DT 5180 1607 15 burden burden NN 5180 1607 16 of of IN 5180 1607 17 proof proof NN 5180 1607 18 in in IN 5180 1607 19 showing show VBG 5180 1607 20 the the DT 5180 1607 21 ineffectiveness ineffectiveness NN 5180 1607 22 of of IN 5180 1607 23 less less RBR 5180 1607 24 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1607 25 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1607 26 . . . 5180 1608 1 " " `` 5180 1608 2 When when WRB 5180 1608 3 a a DT 5180 1608 4 plausible plausible JJ 5180 1608 5 , , , 5180 1608 6 less less RBR 5180 1608 7 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1608 8 alternative alternative NN 5180 1608 9 is be VBZ 5180 1608 10 offered offer VBN 5180 1608 11 to to IN 5180 1608 12 a a DT 5180 1608 13 content- content- NN 5180 1608 14 based base VBN 5180 1608 15 speech speech NN 5180 1608 16 restriction restriction NN 5180 1608 17 , , , 5180 1608 18 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1608 19 is be VBZ 5180 1608 20 the the DT 5180 1608 21 Government Government NNP 5180 1608 22 's 's POS 5180 1608 23 obligation obligation NN 5180 1608 24 to to TO 5180 1608 25 prove prove VB 5180 1608 26 that that IN 5180 1608 27 the the DT 5180 1608 28 alternative alternative NN 5180 1608 29 will will MD 5180 1608 30 be be VB 5180 1608 31 ineffective ineffective JJ 5180 1608 32 to to TO 5180 1608 33 achieve achieve VB 5180 1608 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1608 35 goals goal NNS 5180 1608 36 . . . 5180 1608 37 " " '' 5180 1609 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1609 2 , , , 5180 1609 3 529 529 CD 5180 1609 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1609 5 at at IN 5180 1609 6 816 816 CD 5180 1609 7 ; ; : 5180 1609 8 see see VB 5180 1609 9 also also RB 5180 1609 10 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1609 11 , , , 5180 1609 12 521 521 CD 5180 1609 13 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1609 14 at at IN 5180 1609 15 879 879 CD 5180 1609 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1609 17 " " `` 5180 1609 18 The the DT 5180 1609 19 breadth breadth NN 5180 1609 20 of of IN 5180 1609 21 this this DT 5180 1609 22 content content NN 5180 1609 23 - - HYPH 5180 1609 24 based base VBN 5180 1609 25 restriction restriction NN 5180 1609 26 of of IN 5180 1609 27 speech speech NN 5180 1609 28 imposes impose VBZ 5180 1609 29 an an DT 5180 1609 30 especially especially RB 5180 1609 31 heavy heavy JJ 5180 1609 32 burden burden NN 5180 1609 33 on on IN 5180 1609 34 the the DT 5180 1609 35 Government Government NNP 5180 1609 36 to to TO 5180 1609 37 explain explain VB 5180 1609 38 why why WRB 5180 1609 39 a a DT 5180 1609 40 less less RBR 5180 1609 41 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1609 42 provision provision NN 5180 1609 43 would would MD 5180 1609 44 not not RB 5180 1609 45 be be VB 5180 1609 46 as as RB 5180 1609 47 effective effective JJ 5180 1609 48 . . . 5180 1610 1 . . . 5180 1611 1 . . . 5180 1612 1 . . . 5180 1613 1 ") ") `` 5180 1613 2 ; ; : 5180 1613 3 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1613 4 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1613 5 . . . 5180 1613 6 , , , 5180 1613 7 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1613 8 v. v. CC 5180 1613 9 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 5180 1613 10 Pub Pub NNP 5180 1613 11 . . . 5180 1614 1 Util util IN 5180 1614 2 . . . 5180 1615 1 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 1615 2 , , , 5180 1615 3 896 896 CD 5180 1615 4 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1615 5 780 780 CD 5180 1615 6 , , , 5180 1615 7 787 787 CD 5180 1615 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1615 9 3d 3d NNP 5180 1615 10 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1615 11 . . . 5180 1616 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 1616 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1616 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1616 4 " " `` 5180 1616 5 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1616 6 focus focus VBP 5180 1616 7 . . . 5180 1617 1 . . . 5180 1618 1 . . . 5180 1619 1 on on IN 5180 1619 2 the the DT 5180 1619 3 more more RBR 5180 1619 4 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1619 5 question question NN 5180 1619 6 whether whether IN 5180 1619 7 the the DT 5180 1619 8 Commonwealth Commonwealth NNP 5180 1619 9 has have VBZ 5180 1619 10 borne bear VBN 5180 1619 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1619 12 heavy heavy JJ 5180 1619 13 burden burden NN 5180 1619 14 of of IN 5180 1619 15 demonstrating demonstrate VBG 5180 1619 16 that that IN 5180 1619 17 the the DT 5180 1619 18 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1619 19 state state NN 5180 1619 20 interest interest NN 5180 1619 21 could could MD 5180 1619 22 not not RB 5180 1619 23 be be VB 5180 1619 24 served serve VBN 5180 1619 25 by by IN 5180 1619 26 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1619 27 that that WDT 5180 1619 28 are be VBP 5180 1619 29 less less RBR 5180 1619 30 intrusive intrusive JJ 5180 1619 31 on on IN 5180 1619 32 protected protected JJ 5180 1619 33 forms form NNS 5180 1619 34 of of IN 5180 1619 35 expression expression NN 5180 1619 36 . . . 5180 1619 37 " " '' 5180 1619 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1620 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1620 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1620 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1620 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1620 5 and and CC 5180 1620 6 citation citation NN 5180 1620 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1620 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1620 9 . . . 5180 1621 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1621 2 find find VBP 5180 1621 3 that that IN 5180 1621 4 there there EX 5180 1621 5 are be VBP 5180 1621 6 plausible plausible JJ 5180 1621 7 , , , 5180 1621 8 less less RBR 5180 1621 9 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1621 10 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1621 11 to to IN 5180 1621 12 the the DT 5180 1621 13 use use NN 5180 1621 14 of of IN 5180 1621 15 software software NN 5180 1621 16 filters filter NNS 5180 1621 17 that that WDT 5180 1621 18 would would MD 5180 1621 19 serve serve VB 5180 1621 20 the the DT 5180 1621 21 government government NN 5180 1621 22 's 's POS 5180 1621 23 interest interest NN 5180 1621 24 in in IN 5180 1621 25 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1621 26 the the DT 5180 1621 27 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1621 28 of of IN 5180 1621 29 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1621 30 and and CC 5180 1621 31 child child NN 5180 1621 32 pornography pornography NN 5180 1621 33 to to IN 5180 1621 34 library library NN 5180 1621 35 patrons patron NNS 5180 1621 36 . . . 5180 1622 1 In in IN 5180 1622 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1622 3 , , , 5180 1622 4 public public JJ 5180 1622 5 libraries library NNS 5180 1622 6 can can MD 5180 1622 7 adopt adopt VB 5180 1622 8 Internet internet NN 5180 1622 9 use use VB 5180 1622 10 policies policy NNS 5180 1622 11 that that WDT 5180 1622 12 make make VBP 5180 1622 13 clear clear JJ 5180 1622 14 to to IN 5180 1622 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 1622 16 that that IN 5180 1622 17 the the DT 5180 1622 18 library library NN 5180 1622 19 's 's POS 5180 1622 20 Internet internet NN 5180 1622 21 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1622 22 may may MD 5180 1622 23 not not RB 5180 1622 24 be be VB 5180 1622 25 used use VBN 5180 1622 26 to to TO 5180 1622 27 access access VB 5180 1622 28 illegal illegal JJ 5180 1622 29 content content NN 5180 1622 30 . . . 5180 1623 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 1623 2 can can MD 5180 1623 3 ensure ensure VB 5180 1623 4 that that IN 5180 1623 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1623 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 1623 7 are be VBP 5180 1623 8 aware aware JJ 5180 1623 9 of of IN 5180 1623 10 such such JJ 5180 1623 11 policies policy NNS 5180 1623 12 by by IN 5180 1623 13 posting post VBG 5180 1623 14 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1623 15 in in IN 5180 1623 16 prominent prominent JJ 5180 1623 17 places place NNS 5180 1623 18 in in IN 5180 1623 19 the the DT 5180 1623 20 library library NN 5180 1623 21 , , , 5180 1623 22 requiring require VBG 5180 1623 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 1623 24 to to TO 5180 1623 25 sign sign VB 5180 1623 26 forms form NNS 5180 1623 27 agreeing agree VBG 5180 1623 28 to to TO 5180 1623 29 comply comply VB 5180 1623 30 with with IN 5180 1623 31 the the DT 5180 1623 32 policy policy NN 5180 1623 33 before before IN 5180 1623 34 the the DT 5180 1623 35 library library NN 5180 1623 36 issues issue NNS 5180 1623 37 library library NN 5180 1623 38 cards card NNS 5180 1623 39 to to IN 5180 1623 40 patrons patron NNS 5180 1623 41 , , , 5180 1623 42 and and CC 5180 1623 43 by by IN 5180 1623 44 presenting present VBG 5180 1623 45 patrons patron NNS 5180 1623 46 , , , 5180 1623 47 when when WRB 5180 1623 48 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1623 49 log log VBP 5180 1623 50 on on RP 5180 1623 51 to to IN 5180 1623 52 one one CD 5180 1623 53 of of IN 5180 1623 54 the the DT 5180 1623 55 library library NN 5180 1623 56 's 's POS 5180 1623 57 Internet internet NN 5180 1623 58 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1623 59 , , , 5180 1623 60 with with IN 5180 1623 61 a a DT 5180 1623 62 screen screen NN 5180 1623 63 that that WDT 5180 1623 64 requires require VBZ 5180 1623 65 the the DT 5180 1623 66 user user NN 5180 1623 67 to to TO 5180 1623 68 agree agree VB 5180 1623 69 to to TO 5180 1623 70 comply comply VB 5180 1623 71 with with IN 5180 1623 72 the the DT 5180 1623 73 library library NN 5180 1623 74 's 's POS 5180 1623 75 policy policy NN 5180 1623 76 before before IN 5180 1623 77 allowing allow VBG 5180 1623 78 the the DT 5180 1623 79 user user NN 5180 1623 80 access access NN 5180 1623 81 to to IN 5180 1623 82 the the DT 5180 1623 83 Internet internet NN 5180 1623 84 . . . 5180 1624 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 1624 2 can can MD 5180 1624 3 detect detect VB 5180 1624 4 violations violation NNS 5180 1624 5 of of IN 5180 1624 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1624 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1624 8 use use VBP 5180 1624 9 policies policy NNS 5180 1624 10 either either CC 5180 1624 11 through through IN 5180 1624 12 direct direct JJ 5180 1624 13 observation observation NN 5180 1624 14 or or CC 5180 1624 15 through through IN 5180 1624 16 review review NN 5180 1624 17 of of IN 5180 1624 18 the the DT 5180 1624 19 library library NN 5180 1624 20 's 's POS 5180 1624 21 Internet internet NN 5180 1624 22 use use NN 5180 1624 23 logs log NNS 5180 1624 24 . . . 5180 1625 1 In in IN 5180 1625 2 some some DT 5180 1625 3 cases case NNS 5180 1625 4 , , , 5180 1625 5 library library JJ 5180 1625 6 staff staff NN 5180 1625 7 or or CC 5180 1625 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 1625 9 may may MD 5180 1625 10 directly directly RB 5180 1625 11 observe observe VB 5180 1625 12 a a DT 5180 1625 13 patron patron NN 5180 1625 14 accessing access VBG 5180 1625 15 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1625 16 and and CC 5180 1625 17 child child NN 5180 1625 18 pornography pornography NN 5180 1625 19 . . . 5180 1626 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 1626 2 ' ' POS 5180 1626 3 Internet internet NN 5180 1626 4 use use NN 5180 1626 5 logs log NNS 5180 1626 6 , , , 5180 1626 7 however however RB 5180 1626 8 , , , 5180 1626 9 also also RB 5180 1626 10 provide provide VBP 5180 1626 11 libraries library NNS 5180 1626 12 with with IN 5180 1626 13 a a DT 5180 1626 14 means means NN 5180 1626 15 of of IN 5180 1626 16 detecting detect VBG 5180 1626 17 violations violation NNS 5180 1626 18 of of IN 5180 1626 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1626 20 Internet internet NN 5180 1626 21 use use NN 5180 1626 22 policies policy NNS 5180 1626 23 . . . 5180 1627 1 These these DT 5180 1627 2 logs log NNS 5180 1627 3 , , , 5180 1627 4 which which WDT 5180 1627 5 can can MD 5180 1627 6 be be VB 5180 1627 7 kept keep VBN 5180 1627 8 regardless regardless RB 5180 1627 9 whether whether IN 5180 1627 10 a a DT 5180 1627 11 library library NN 5180 1627 12 uses use VBZ 5180 1627 13 filtering filter VBG 5180 1627 14 software software NN 5180 1627 15 , , , 5180 1627 16 record record VB 5180 1627 17 the the DT 5180 1627 18 URL url NN 5180 1627 19 of of IN 5180 1627 20 every every DT 5180 1627 21 Web web NN 5180 1627 22 page page NN 5180 1627 23 accessed access VBN 5180 1627 24 by by IN 5180 1627 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 1627 26 . . . 5180 1628 1 Although although IN 5180 1628 2 ordinarily ordinarily RB 5180 1628 3 the the DT 5180 1628 4 logs log NNS 5180 1628 5 do do VBP 5180 1628 6 not not RB 5180 1628 7 link link VB 5180 1628 8 particular particular JJ 5180 1628 9 URLs url NNS 5180 1628 10 with with IN 5180 1628 11 particular particular JJ 5180 1628 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 1628 13 , , , 5180 1628 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1628 15 is be VBZ 5180 1628 16 possible possible JJ 5180 1628 17 , , , 5180 1628 18 using use VBG 5180 1628 19 access access NN 5180 1628 20 logs log NNS 5180 1628 21 , , , 5180 1628 22 to to TO 5180 1628 23 identify identify VB 5180 1628 24 the the DT 5180 1628 25 patron patron NN 5180 1628 26 who who WP 5180 1628 27 viewed view VBD 5180 1628 28 the the DT 5180 1628 29 Web web NN 5180 1628 30 page page NN 5180 1628 31 corresponding correspond VBG 5180 1628 32 to to IN 5180 1628 33 a a DT 5180 1628 34 particular particular JJ 5180 1628 35 URL url NN 5180 1628 36 , , , 5180 1628 37 if if IN 5180 1628 38 library library NN 5180 1628 39 staff staff NN 5180 1628 40 discover discover VBP 5180 1628 41 in in IN 5180 1628 42 the the DT 5180 1628 43 access access NN 5180 1628 44 logs log VBZ 5180 1628 45 the the DT 5180 1628 46 URL url NN 5180 1628 47 of of IN 5180 1628 48 a a DT 5180 1628 49 Web web NN 5180 1628 50 page page NN 5180 1628 51 containing contain VBG 5180 1628 52 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1628 53 or or CC 5180 1628 54 child child NN 5180 1628 55 pornography pornography NN 5180 1628 56 . . . 5180 1629 1 For for IN 5180 1629 2 example example NN 5180 1629 3 , , , 5180 1629 4 David David NNP 5180 1629 5 Biek Biek NNP 5180 1629 6 , , , 5180 1629 7 Director Director NNP 5180 1629 8 of of IN 5180 1629 9 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 1629 10 Public Public NNP 5180 1629 11 Library Library NNP 5180 1629 12 's 's POS 5180 1629 13 main main JJ 5180 1629 14 branch branch NN 5180 1629 15 , , , 5180 1629 16 testified testify VBD 5180 1629 17 that that IN 5180 1629 18 in in IN 5180 1629 19 the the DT 5180 1629 20 course course NN 5180 1629 21 of of IN 5180 1629 22 scanning scan VBG 5180 1629 23 Internet internet NN 5180 1629 24 use use NN 5180 1629 25 logs log NNS 5180 1629 26 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1629 27 has have VBZ 5180 1629 28 found find VBN 5180 1629 29 what what WP 5180 1629 30 looked look VBD 5180 1629 31 like like IN 5180 1629 32 attempts attempt NNS 5180 1629 33 to to TO 5180 1629 34 access access VB 5180 1629 35 child child NN 5180 1629 36 pornography pornography NN 5180 1629 37 , , , 5180 1629 38 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 5180 1629 39 the the DT 5180 1629 40 fact fact NN 5180 1629 41 that that IN 5180 1629 42 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 1629 43 uses use VBZ 5180 1629 44 Websense Websense NNP 5180 1629 45 filtering filtering NN 5180 1629 46 software software NN 5180 1629 47 . . . 5180 1630 1 In in IN 5180 1630 2 two two CD 5180 1630 3 cases case NNS 5180 1630 4 , , , 5180 1630 5 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1630 6 communicated communicate VBD 5180 1630 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1630 8 findings finding NNS 5180 1630 9 to to IN 5180 1630 10 law law NN 5180 1630 11 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 1630 12 and and CC 5180 1630 13 turned turn VBD 5180 1630 14 over over RP 5180 1630 15 the the DT 5180 1630 16 logs log NNS 5180 1630 17 to to IN 5180 1630 18 law law NN 5180 1630 19 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 1630 20 in in IN 5180 1630 21 response response NN 5180 1630 22 to to IN 5180 1630 23 a a DT 5180 1630 24 subpoena subpoena NN 5180 1630 25 . . . 5180 1631 1 Once once RB 5180 1631 2 a a DT 5180 1631 3 violation violation NN 5180 1631 4 of of IN 5180 1631 5 a a DT 5180 1631 6 library library NN 5180 1631 7 's 's POS 5180 1631 8 Internet internet NN 5180 1631 9 use use NN 5180 1631 10 policy policy NN 5180 1631 11 is be VBZ 5180 1631 12 detected detect VBN 5180 1631 13 through through IN 5180 1631 14 the the DT 5180 1631 15 methods method NNS 5180 1631 16 described describe VBN 5180 1631 17 above above RB 5180 1631 18 , , , 5180 1631 19 a a DT 5180 1631 20 library library NN 5180 1631 21 may may MD 5180 1631 22 either either CC 5180 1631 23 issue issue VB 5180 1631 24 the the DT 5180 1631 25 patron patron NN 5180 1631 26 a a DT 5180 1631 27 warning warning NN 5180 1631 28 , , , 5180 1631 29 revoke revoke VB 5180 1631 30 the the DT 5180 1631 31 patron patron NN 5180 1631 32 's 's POS 5180 1631 33 Internet internet NN 5180 1631 34 privileges privilege NNS 5180 1631 35 , , , 5180 1631 36 or or CC 5180 1631 37 notify notify VB 5180 1631 38 law law NN 5180 1631 39 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 1631 40 , , , 5180 1631 41 if if IN 5180 1631 42 the the DT 5180 1631 43 library library NN 5180 1631 44 believes believe VBZ 5180 1631 45 that that IN 5180 1631 46 the the DT 5180 1631 47 patron patron NN 5180 1631 48 violated violate VBD 5180 1631 49 either either CC 5180 1631 50 state state NN 5180 1631 51 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1631 52 laws law NNS 5180 1631 53 or or CC 5180 1631 54 child child NN 5180 1631 55 pornography pornography NN 5180 1631 56 laws law NNS 5180 1631 57 . . . 5180 1632 1 Although although IN 5180 1632 2 these these DT 5180 1632 3 methods method NNS 5180 1632 4 of of IN 5180 1632 5 detecting detect VBG 5180 1632 6 use use NN 5180 1632 7 of of IN 5180 1632 8 library library JJ 5180 1632 9 computers computer NNS 5180 1632 10 to to TO 5180 1632 11 access access VB 5180 1632 12 illegal illegal JJ 5180 1632 13 content content NN 5180 1632 14 are be VBP 5180 1632 15 not not RB 5180 1632 16 perfect perfect JJ 5180 1632 17 , , , 5180 1632 18 and and CC 5180 1632 19 a a DT 5180 1632 20 library library NN 5180 1632 21 , , , 5180 1632 22 out out IN 5180 1632 23 of of IN 5180 1632 24 respect respect NN 5180 1632 25 for for IN 5180 1632 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 1632 27 ' ' POS 5180 1632 28 privacy privacy NN 5180 1632 29 , , , 5180 1632 30 may may MD 5180 1632 31 choose choose VB 5180 1632 32 not not RB 5180 1632 33 to to TO 5180 1632 34 adopt adopt VB 5180 1632 35 such such JJ 5180 1632 36 policies policy NNS 5180 1632 37 , , , 5180 1632 38 the the DT 5180 1632 39 government government NN 5180 1632 40 has have VBZ 5180 1632 41 failed fail VBN 5180 1632 42 to to TO 5180 1632 43 show show VB 5180 1632 44 that that IN 5180 1632 45 such such JJ 5180 1632 46 methods method NNS 5180 1632 47 are be VBP 5180 1632 48 substantially substantially RB 5180 1632 49 less less RBR 5180 1632 50 effective effective JJ 5180 1632 51 at at IN 5180 1632 52 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1632 53 patrons patron NNS 5180 1632 54 from from IN 5180 1632 55 accessing access VBG 5180 1632 56 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1632 57 and and CC 5180 1632 58 child child NN 5180 1632 59 pornography pornography NN 5180 1632 60 than than IN 5180 1632 61 software software NN 5180 1632 62 filters filter NNS 5180 1632 63 . . . 5180 1633 1 As as IN 5180 1633 2 detailed detail VBN 5180 1633 3 in in IN 5180 1633 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1633 5 findings finding NNS 5180 1633 6 of of IN 5180 1633 7 fact fact NN 5180 1633 8 , , , 5180 1633 9 the the DT 5180 1633 10 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 1633 11 that that WDT 5180 1633 12 results result VBZ 5180 1633 13 from from IN 5180 1633 14 the the DT 5180 1633 15 size size NN 5180 1633 16 , , , 5180 1633 17 rate rate NN 5180 1633 18 of of IN 5180 1633 19 change change NN 5180 1633 20 , , , 5180 1633 21 and and CC 5180 1633 22 rate rate NN 5180 1633 23 of of IN 5180 1633 24 growth growth NN 5180 1633 25 of of IN 5180 1633 26 the the DT 5180 1633 27 Internet internet NN 5180 1633 28 significantly significantly RB 5180 1633 29 impairs impairs VBP 5180 1633 30 the the DT 5180 1633 31 software software NN 5180 1633 32 filters filter NNS 5180 1633 33 from from IN 5180 1633 34 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1633 35 patrons patron NNS 5180 1633 36 from from IN 5180 1633 37 accessing access VBG 5180 1633 38 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1633 39 and and CC 5180 1633 40 child child NN 5180 1633 41 pornography pornography NN 5180 1633 42 . . . 5180 1634 1 Unless unless IN 5180 1634 2 software software NN 5180 1634 3 filters filter NNS 5180 1634 4 are be VBP 5180 1634 5 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 1634 6 perfectly perfectly RB 5180 1634 7 effective effective JJ 5180 1634 8 at at IN 5180 1634 9 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1634 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1634 11 from from IN 5180 1634 12 accessing access VBG 5180 1634 13 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1634 14 and and CC 5180 1634 15 child child NN 5180 1634 16 pornography pornography NN 5180 1634 17 , , , 5180 1634 18 " " '' 5180 1634 19 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1634 20 i]t i]t NN 5180 1634 21 is be VBZ 5180 1634 22 no no DT 5180 1634 23 response response NN 5180 1634 24 that that WDT 5180 1634 25 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1634 26 a a DT 5180 1634 27 less less RBR 5180 1634 28 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1634 29 alternative alternative NN 5180 1634 30 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1634 31 . . . 5180 1635 1 . . . 5180 1636 1 . . . 5180 1637 1 may may MD 5180 1637 2 not not RB 5180 1637 3 go go VB 5180 1637 4 perfectly perfectly RB 5180 1637 5 every every DT 5180 1637 6 time time NN 5180 1637 7 . . . 5180 1637 8 " " '' 5180 1638 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1638 2 , , , 5180 1638 3 529 529 CD 5180 1638 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1638 5 at at IN 5180 1638 6 824 824 CD 5180 1638 7 ; ; : 5180 1638 8 cf cf NN 5180 1638 9 . . . 5180 1639 1 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1639 2 Area Area NNP 5180 1639 3 Educ Educ NNP 5180 1639 4 . . . 5180 1640 1 Telecomm Telecomm NNP 5180 1640 2 . . . 5180 1641 1 Consortium Consortium NNP 5180 1641 2 , , , 5180 1641 3 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1641 4 v. v. IN 5180 1641 5 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1641 6 , , , 5180 1641 7 518 518 CD 5180 1641 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1641 9 727 727 CD 5180 1641 10 , , , 5180 1641 11 759 759 CD 5180 1641 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1641 13 1996 1996 CD 5180 1641 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1641 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1641 16 " " `` 5180 1641 17 No no DT 5180 1641 18 provision provision NN 5180 1641 19 . . . 5180 1642 1 . . . 5180 1643 1 . . . 5180 1644 1 short short JJ 5180 1644 2 of of IN 5180 1644 3 an an DT 5180 1644 4 absolute absolute JJ 5180 1644 5 ban ban NN 5180 1644 6 , , , 5180 1644 7 can can MD 5180 1644 8 offer offer VB 5180 1644 9 certain certain JJ 5180 1644 10 protection protection NN 5180 1644 11 against against IN 5180 1644 12 assault assault NN 5180 1644 13 by by IN 5180 1644 14 a a DT 5180 1644 15 determined determine VBN 5180 1644 16 child child NN 5180 1644 17 . . . 5180 1644 18 " " '' 5180 1644 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1644 20 . . . 5180 1645 1 The the DT 5180 1645 2 government government NN 5180 1645 3 has have VBZ 5180 1645 4 not not RB 5180 1645 5 offered offer VBN 5180 1645 6 any any DT 5180 1645 7 data datum NNS 5180 1645 8 comparing compare VBG 5180 1645 9 the the DT 5180 1645 10 frequency frequency NN 5180 1645 11 with with IN 5180 1645 12 which which WDT 5180 1645 13 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1645 14 and and CC 5180 1645 15 child child NN 5180 1645 16 pornography pornography NN 5180 1645 17 is be VBZ 5180 1645 18 accessed access VBN 5180 1645 19 at at IN 5180 1645 20 libraries library NNS 5180 1645 21 that that WDT 5180 1645 22 enforce enforce VBP 5180 1645 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1645 24 Internet internet NN 5180 1645 25 use use NN 5180 1645 26 policies policy NNS 5180 1645 27 through through IN 5180 1645 28 software software NN 5180 1645 29 filters filter NNS 5180 1645 30 with with IN 5180 1645 31 the the DT 5180 1645 32 frequency frequency NN 5180 1645 33 with with IN 5180 1645 34 which which WDT 5180 1645 35 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1645 36 and and CC 5180 1645 37 child child NN 5180 1645 38 pornography pornography NN 5180 1645 39 is be VBZ 5180 1645 40 accessed access VBN 5180 1645 41 at at IN 5180 1645 42 public public JJ 5180 1645 43 libraries library NNS 5180 1645 44 that that WDT 5180 1645 45 enforce enforce VBP 5180 1645 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1645 47 Internet internet NN 5180 1645 48 use use NN 5180 1645 49 policies policy NNS 5180 1645 50 through through IN 5180 1645 51 methods method NNS 5180 1645 52 other other JJ 5180 1645 53 than than IN 5180 1645 54 software software NN 5180 1645 55 filters filter NNS 5180 1645 56 . . . 5180 1646 1 Although although IN 5180 1646 2 the the DT 5180 1646 3 government government NN 5180 1646 4 's 's POS 5180 1646 5 library library NN 5180 1646 6 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1646 7 offered offer VBD 5180 1646 8 anecdotal anecdotal JJ 5180 1646 9 accounts account NNS 5180 1646 10 of of IN 5180 1646 11 a a DT 5180 1646 12 reduction reduction NN 5180 1646 13 in in IN 5180 1646 14 the the DT 5180 1646 15 use use NN 5180 1646 16 of of IN 5180 1646 17 library library JJ 5180 1646 18 computers computer NNS 5180 1646 19 to to TO 5180 1646 20 access access VB 5180 1646 21 sexually sexually RB 5180 1646 22 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1646 23 speech speech NN 5180 1646 24 when when WRB 5180 1646 25 filtering filter VBG 5180 1646 26 software software NN 5180 1646 27 was be VBD 5180 1646 28 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1646 29 , , , 5180 1646 30 these these DT 5180 1646 31 anecdotal anecdotal JJ 5180 1646 32 accounts account NNS 5180 1646 33 are be VBP 5180 1646 34 not not RB 5180 1646 35 a a DT 5180 1646 36 substitute substitute NN 5180 1646 37 for for IN 5180 1646 38 more more RBR 5180 1646 39 robust robust JJ 5180 1646 40 analyses analysis NNS 5180 1646 41 comparing compare VBG 5180 1646 42 the the DT 5180 1646 43 use use NN 5180 1646 44 of of IN 5180 1646 45 library library JJ 5180 1646 46 computers computer NNS 5180 1646 47 to to TO 5180 1646 48 access access VB 5180 1646 49 child child NN 5180 1646 50 pornography pornography NN 5180 1646 51 and and CC 5180 1646 52 material material NN 5180 1646 53 that that WDT 5180 1646 54 meets meet VBZ 5180 1646 55 the the DT 5180 1646 56 legal legal JJ 5180 1646 57 definition definition NN 5180 1646 58 of of IN 5180 1646 59 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1646 60 in in IN 5180 1646 61 libraries library NNS 5180 1646 62 that that WDT 5180 1646 63 use use VBP 5180 1646 64 blocking block VBG 5180 1646 65 software software NN 5180 1646 66 and and CC 5180 1646 67 in in IN 5180 1646 68 libraries library NNS 5180 1646 69 that that WDT 5180 1646 70 use use VBP 5180 1646 71 alternative alternative JJ 5180 1646 72 methods method NNS 5180 1646 73 . . . 5180 1647 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1647 2 . . . 5180 1648 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1648 2 , , , 5180 1648 3 529 529 CD 5180 1648 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1648 5 at at IN 5180 1648 6 822 822 CD 5180 1648 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1648 8 " " `` 5180 1648 9 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1648 10 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1648 11 Government Government NNP 5180 1648 12 must must MD 5180 1648 13 present present VB 5180 1648 14 more more RBR 5180 1648 15 than than IN 5180 1648 16 anecdote anecdote NN 5180 1648 17 and and CC 5180 1648 18 supposition supposition NN 5180 1648 19 . . . 5180 1648 20 " " '' 5180 1648 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1648 22 . . . 5180 1649 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1649 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 1649 3 that that IN 5180 1649 4 some some DT 5180 1649 5 library library NN 5180 1649 6 staff staff NN 5180 1649 7 will will MD 5180 1649 8 be be VB 5180 1649 9 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ 5180 1649 10 using use VBG 5180 1649 11 the the DT 5180 1649 12 " " `` 5180 1649 13 tap tap NN 5180 1649 14 - - HYPH 5180 1649 15 on on IN 5180 1649 16 - - HYPH 5180 1649 17 the the DT 5180 1649 18 - - HYPH 5180 1649 19 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1649 20 " " '' 5180 1649 21 method method NN 5180 1649 22 of of IN 5180 1649 23 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 1649 24 the the DT 5180 1649 25 library library NN 5180 1649 26 's 's POS 5180 1649 27 policy policy NN 5180 1649 28 against against IN 5180 1649 29 using use VBG 5180 1649 30 Internet internet NN 5180 1649 31 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1649 32 to to TO 5180 1649 33 access access VB 5180 1649 34 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1649 35 and and CC 5180 1649 36 child child NN 5180 1649 37 pornography pornography NN 5180 1649 38 . . . 5180 1650 1 The the DT 5180 1650 2 Greenville Greenville NNP 5180 1650 3 County County NNP 5180 1650 4 Library Library NNP 5180 1650 5 , , , 5180 1650 6 for for IN 5180 1650 7 example example NN 5180 1650 8 , , , 5180 1650 9 experienced experience VBD 5180 1650 10 high high JJ 5180 1650 11 turnover turnover NN 5180 1650 12 among among IN 5180 1650 13 library library NN 5180 1650 14 staff staff NN 5180 1650 15 when when WRB 5180 1650 16 staff staff NN 5180 1650 17 were be VBD 5180 1650 18 required require VBN 5180 1650 19 to to TO 5180 1650 20 enforce enforce VB 5180 1650 21 the the DT 5180 1650 22 library library NN 5180 1650 23 's 's POS 5180 1650 24 Internet internet NN 5180 1650 25 use use NN 5180 1650 26 policy policy NN 5180 1650 27 through through IN 5180 1650 28 the the DT 5180 1650 29 tap tap NN 5180 1650 30 - - HYPH 5180 1650 31 on on IN 5180 1650 32 - - HYPH 5180 1650 33 the the DT 5180 1650 34 - - HYPH 5180 1650 35 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1650 36 technique technique NN 5180 1650 37 . . . 5180 1651 1 Given give VBN 5180 1651 2 filters filter NNS 5180 1651 3 ' ' POS 5180 1651 4 inevitable inevitable JJ 5180 1651 5 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 1651 6 , , , 5180 1651 7 however however RB 5180 1651 8 , , , 5180 1651 9 even even RB 5180 1651 10 a a DT 5180 1651 11 library library NN 5180 1651 12 that that WDT 5180 1651 13 uses use VBZ 5180 1651 14 filtering filtering NN 5180 1651 15 will will MD 5180 1651 16 have have VB 5180 1651 17 to to TO 5180 1651 18 resort resort VB 5180 1651 19 to to IN 5180 1651 20 a a DT 5180 1651 21 tap tap NN 5180 1651 22 - - HYPH 5180 1651 23 on on IN 5180 1651 24 - - HYPH 5180 1651 25 the the DT 5180 1651 26 - - HYPH 5180 1651 27 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1651 28 method method NN 5180 1651 29 of of IN 5180 1651 30 enforcement enforcement NN 5180 1651 31 , , , 5180 1651 32 where where WRB 5180 1651 33 library library JJ 5180 1651 34 staff staff NN 5180 1651 35 observes observe VBZ 5180 1651 36 a a DT 5180 1651 37 patron patron NN 5180 1651 38 openly openly RB 5180 1651 39 violating violate VBG 5180 1651 40 the the DT 5180 1651 41 library library NN 5180 1651 42 's 's POS 5180 1651 43 Internet internet NN 5180 1651 44 use use NN 5180 1651 45 policy policy NN 5180 1651 46 , , , 5180 1651 47 by by RB 5180 1651 48 , , , 5180 1651 49 for for IN 5180 1651 50 example example NN 5180 1651 51 , , , 5180 1651 52 accessing access VBG 5180 1651 53 material material NN 5180 1651 54 that that WDT 5180 1651 55 is be VBZ 5180 1651 56 obviously obviously RB 5180 1651 57 child child NN 5180 1651 58 pornography pornography NN 5180 1651 59 but but CC 5180 1651 60 that that IN 5180 1651 61 the the DT 5180 1651 62 filtering filter VBG 5180 1651 63 software software NN 5180 1651 64 failed fail VBD 5180 1651 65 to to TO 5180 1651 66 block block VB 5180 1651 67 . . . 5180 1652 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1652 2 , , , 5180 1652 3 a a DT 5180 1652 4 library library NN 5180 1652 5 employee employee NN 5180 1652 6 's 's POS 5180 1652 7 degree degree NN 5180 1652 8 of of IN 5180 1652 9 comfort comfort NN 5180 1652 10 in in IN 5180 1652 11 using use VBG 5180 1652 12 the the DT 5180 1652 13 tap tap NN 5180 1652 14 - - HYPH 5180 1652 15 on on IN 5180 1652 16 - - HYPH 5180 1652 17 the the DT 5180 1652 18 - - HYPH 5180 1652 19 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1652 20 method method NN 5180 1652 21 will will MD 5180 1652 22 vary vary VB 5180 1652 23 from from IN 5180 1652 24 employee employee NN 5180 1652 25 to to IN 5180 1652 26 employee employee NN 5180 1652 27 , , , 5180 1652 28 and and CC 5180 1652 29 there there EX 5180 1652 30 is be VBZ 5180 1652 31 no no DT 5180 1652 32 evidence evidence NN 5180 1652 33 that that IN 5180 1652 34 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1652 35 is be VBZ 5180 1652 36 impossible impossible JJ 5180 1652 37 or or CC 5180 1652 38 prohibitively prohibitively RB 5180 1652 39 costly costly JJ 5180 1652 40 for for IN 5180 1652 41 public public JJ 5180 1652 42 libraries library NNS 5180 1652 43 to to TO 5180 1652 44 hire hire VB 5180 1652 45 at at IN 5180 1652 46 least least JJS 5180 1652 47 some some DT 5180 1652 48 employees employee NNS 5180 1652 49 who who WP 5180 1652 50 are be VBP 5180 1652 51 comfortable comfortable JJ 5180 1652 52 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 1652 53 the the DT 5180 1652 54 library library NN 5180 1652 55 's 's POS 5180 1652 56 Internet internet NN 5180 1652 57 use use NN 5180 1652 58 policy policy NN 5180 1652 59 . . . 5180 1653 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1653 2 also also RB 5180 1653 3 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 1653 4 that that IN 5180 1653 5 use use NN 5180 1653 6 of of IN 5180 1653 7 a a DT 5180 1653 8 tap tap NN 5180 1653 9 on on IN 5180 1653 10 the the DT 5180 1653 11 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1653 12 delegates delegate NNS 5180 1653 13 to to IN 5180 1653 14 librarians librarian VBZ 5180 1653 15 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1653 16 discretion discretion NN 5180 1653 17 to to TO 5180 1653 18 determine determine VB 5180 1653 19 which which WDT 5180 1653 20 Web web NN 5180 1653 21 sites site NNS 5180 1653 22 a a DT 5180 1653 23 patron patron NN 5180 1653 24 may may MD 5180 1653 25 view view VB 5180 1653 26 . . . 5180 1654 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1654 2 , , , 5180 1654 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1654 4 do do VBP 5180 1654 5 not not RB 5180 1654 6 believe believe VB 5180 1654 7 that that IN 5180 1654 8 this this DT 5180 1654 9 putative putative JJ 5180 1654 10 " " `` 5180 1654 11 prior prior JJ 5180 1654 12 restraint restraint NN 5180 1654 13 " " '' 5180 1654 14 problem problem NN 5180 1654 15 can can MD 5180 1654 16 be be VB 5180 1654 17 avoided avoid VBN 5180 1654 18 through through IN 5180 1654 19 the the DT 5180 1654 20 use use NN 5180 1654 21 of of IN 5180 1654 22 software software NN 5180 1654 23 filters filter NNS 5180 1654 24 , , , 5180 1654 25 for for IN 5180 1654 26 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1654 27 effectively effectively RB 5180 1654 28 delegate delegate VBP 5180 1654 29 to to IN 5180 1654 30 the the DT 5180 1654 31 filtering filtering NN 5180 1654 32 company company NN 5180 1654 33 the the DT 5180 1654 34 same same JJ 5180 1654 35 unfettered unfettered JJ 5180 1654 36 discretion discretion NN 5180 1654 37 to to TO 5180 1654 38 determine determine VB 5180 1654 39 which which WDT 5180 1654 40 Web web NN 5180 1654 41 sites site NNS 5180 1654 42 a a DT 5180 1654 43 patron patron NN 5180 1654 44 may may MD 5180 1654 45 view view VB 5180 1654 46 . . . 5180 1655 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1655 2 , , , 5180 1655 3 as as IN 5180 1655 4 noted note VBN 5180 1655 5 above above IN 5180 1655 6 , , , 5180 1655 7 violations violation NNS 5180 1655 8 of of IN 5180 1655 9 a a DT 5180 1655 10 public public JJ 5180 1655 11 library library NN 5180 1655 12 's 's POS 5180 1655 13 Internet internet NN 5180 1655 14 use use NN 5180 1655 15 policy policy NN 5180 1655 16 may may MD 5180 1655 17 be be VB 5180 1655 18 detected detect VBN 5180 1655 19 not not RB 5180 1655 20 only only RB 5180 1655 21 by by IN 5180 1655 22 direct direct JJ 5180 1655 23 observation observation NN 5180 1655 24 , , , 5180 1655 25 but but CC 5180 1655 26 also also RB 5180 1655 27 by by IN 5180 1655 28 reviewing review VBG 5180 1655 29 the the DT 5180 1655 30 library library NN 5180 1655 31 's 's POS 5180 1655 32 Internet internet NN 5180 1655 33 use use NN 5180 1655 34 logs log NNS 5180 1655 35 after after IN 5180 1655 36 the the DT 5180 1655 37 fact fact NN 5180 1655 38 , , , 5180 1655 39 which which WDT 5180 1655 40 alleviates alleviate VBZ 5180 1655 41 the the DT 5180 1655 42 need need NN 5180 1655 43 for for IN 5180 1655 44 library library JJ 5180 1655 45 staff staff NN 5180 1655 46 to to TO 5180 1655 47 directly directly RB 5180 1655 48 confront confront VB 5180 1655 49 patrons patron NNS 5180 1655 50 while while IN 5180 1655 51 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1655 52 are be VBP 5180 1655 53 viewing view VBG 5180 1655 54 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1655 55 or or CC 5180 1655 56 child child NN 5180 1655 57 pornography pornography NN 5180 1655 58 . . . 5180 1656 1 Similar similar JJ 5180 1656 2 less less RBR 5180 1656 3 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1656 4 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1656 5 exist exist VBP 5180 1656 6 for for IN 5180 1656 7 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1656 8 minors minor NNS 5180 1656 9 from from IN 5180 1656 10 accessing access VBG 5180 1656 11 material material NN 5180 1656 12 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1656 13 to to IN 5180 1656 14 minors minor NNS 5180 1656 15 . . . 5180 1657 1 First first RB 5180 1657 2 , , , 5180 1657 3 libraries library NNS 5180 1657 4 may may MD 5180 1657 5 use use VB 5180 1657 6 the the DT 5180 1657 7 tap tap NN 5180 1657 8 - - HYPH 5180 1657 9 on on IN 5180 1657 10 - - HYPH 5180 1657 11 the the DT 5180 1657 12 - - HYPH 5180 1657 13 shoulder shoulder NN 5180 1657 14 method method NN 5180 1657 15 when when WRB 5180 1657 16 minors minor NNS 5180 1657 17 are be VBP 5180 1657 18 observed observe VBN 5180 1657 19 using use VBG 5180 1657 20 the the DT 5180 1657 21 Internet internet NN 5180 1657 22 to to TO 5180 1657 23 access access NN 5180 1657 24 material material NN 5180 1657 25 that that WDT 5180 1657 26 is be VBZ 5180 1657 27 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1657 28 to to IN 5180 1657 29 minors minor NNS 5180 1657 30 . . . 5180 1658 1 Requiring require VBG 5180 1658 2 minors minor NNS 5180 1658 3 to to TO 5180 1658 4 use use VB 5180 1658 5 specific specific JJ 5180 1658 6 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1658 7 , , , 5180 1658 8 for for IN 5180 1658 9 example example NN 5180 1658 10 in in IN 5180 1658 11 a a DT 5180 1658 12 children child NNS 5180 1658 13 's 's POS 5180 1658 14 room room NN 5180 1658 15 , , , 5180 1658 16 that that WDT 5180 1658 17 are be VBP 5180 1658 18 in in IN 5180 1658 19 direct direct JJ 5180 1658 20 view view NN 5180 1658 21 of of IN 5180 1658 22 library library NN 5180 1658 23 staff staff NN 5180 1658 24 will will MD 5180 1658 25 increase increase VB 5180 1658 26 the the DT 5180 1658 27 likelihood likelihood NN 5180 1658 28 that that IN 5180 1658 29 library library NN 5180 1658 30 staff staff NN 5180 1658 31 will will MD 5180 1658 32 detect detect VB 5180 1658 33 minors minor NNS 5180 1658 34 ' ' POS 5180 1658 35 use use NN 5180 1658 36 of of IN 5180 1658 37 the the DT 5180 1658 38 Internet internet NN 5180 1658 39 to to TO 5180 1658 40 access access VB 5180 1658 41 material material NN 5180 1658 42 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1658 43 to to IN 5180 1658 44 minors minor NNS 5180 1658 45 . . . 5180 1659 1 Alternatively alternatively RB 5180 1659 2 , , , 5180 1659 3 public public JJ 5180 1659 4 libraries library NNS 5180 1659 5 could could MD 5180 1659 6 require require VB 5180 1659 7 minors minor NNS 5180 1659 8 to to TO 5180 1659 9 use use VB 5180 1659 10 blocking block VBG 5180 1659 11 software software NN 5180 1659 12 only only RB 5180 1659 13 if if IN 5180 1659 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1659 15 are be VBP 5180 1659 16 unaccompanied unaccompanied JJ 5180 1659 17 by by IN 5180 1659 18 a a DT 5180 1659 19 parent parent NN 5180 1659 20 , , , 5180 1659 21 or or CC 5180 1659 22 only only RB 5180 1659 23 if if IN 5180 1659 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1659 25 parent parent NN 5180 1659 26 consents consent NNS 5180 1659 27 in in IN 5180 1659 28 advance advance NN 5180 1659 29 to to IN 5180 1659 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1659 31 child child NN 5180 1659 32 's 's POS 5180 1659 33 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1659 34 use use NN 5180 1659 35 of of IN 5180 1659 36 the the DT 5180 1659 37 Internet internet NN 5180 1659 38 . . . 5180 1660 1 " " `` 5180 1660 2 A a DT 5180 1660 3 court court NN 5180 1660 4 should should MD 5180 1660 5 not not RB 5180 1660 6 assume assume VB 5180 1660 7 that that IN 5180 1660 8 a a DT 5180 1660 9 plausible plausible JJ 5180 1660 10 , , , 5180 1660 11 less less RBR 5180 1660 12 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1660 13 alternative alternative NN 5180 1660 14 would would MD 5180 1660 15 be be VB 5180 1660 16 ineffective ineffective JJ 5180 1660 17 ; ; : 5180 1660 18 and and CC 5180 1660 19 a a DT 5180 1660 20 court court NN 5180 1660 21 should should MD 5180 1660 22 not not RB 5180 1660 23 presume presume VB 5180 1660 24 parents parent NNS 5180 1660 25 , , , 5180 1660 26 given give VBN 5180 1660 27 full full JJ 5180 1660 28 information information NN 5180 1660 29 , , , 5180 1660 30 will will MD 5180 1660 31 fail fail VB 5180 1660 32 to to TO 5180 1660 33 act act VB 5180 1660 34 . . . 5180 1660 35 " " '' 5180 1661 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1661 2 , , , 5180 1661 3 529 529 CD 5180 1661 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1661 5 at at IN 5180 1661 6 824 824 CD 5180 1661 7 . . . 5180 1662 1 In in IN 5180 1662 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1662 3 to to IN 5180 1662 4 the the DT 5180 1662 5 " " `` 5180 1662 6 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1662 7 to to IN 5180 1662 8 minors minor NNS 5180 1662 9 " " '' 5180 1662 10 statute statute NN 5180 1662 11 upheld uphold VBD 5180 1662 12 in in IN 5180 1662 13 Ginsberg Ginsberg NNP 5180 1662 14 v. v. CC 5180 1662 15 New New NNP 5180 1662 16 York York NNP 5180 1662 17 , , , 5180 1662 18 390 390 CD 5180 1662 19 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1662 20 629 629 CD 5180 1662 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1662 22 1968 1968 CD 5180 1662 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1662 24 , , , 5180 1662 25 which which WDT 5180 1662 26 permitted permit VBD 5180 1662 27 parents parent NNS 5180 1662 28 to to TO 5180 1662 29 determine determine VB 5180 1662 30 whether whether IN 5180 1662 31 to to TO 5180 1662 32 provide provide VB 5180 1662 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1662 34 children child NNS 5180 1662 35 with with IN 5180 1662 36 access access NN 5180 1662 37 to to IN 5180 1662 38 material material NN 5180 1662 39 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1662 40 prohibited prohibit VBN 5180 1662 41 by by IN 5180 1662 42 the the DT 5180 1662 43 statute statute NN 5180 1662 44 , , , 5180 1662 45 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1662 46 , , , 5180 1662 47 like like IN 5180 1662 48 the the DT 5180 1662 49 Communications Communications NNP 5180 1662 50 Decency Decency NNP 5180 1662 51 Act Act NNP 5180 1662 52 , , , 5180 1662 53 which which WDT 5180 1662 54 the the DT 5180 1662 55 Court Court NNP 5180 1662 56 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 1662 57 in in IN 5180 1662 58 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1662 59 , , , 5180 1662 60 contains contain VBZ 5180 1662 61 no no DT 5180 1662 62 exception exception NN 5180 1662 63 for for IN 5180 1662 64 parental parental JJ 5180 1662 65 consent consent NN 5180 1662 66 : : : 5180 1662 67 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1662 68 W]e W]e NNP 5180 1662 69 noted note VBN 5180 1662 70 in in IN 5180 1662 71 Ginsberg Ginsberg NNP 5180 1662 72 that that IN 5180 1662 73 " " `` 5180 1662 74 the the DT 5180 1662 75 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 1662 76 against against IN 5180 1662 77 sales sale NNS 5180 1662 78 to to IN 5180 1662 79 minors minor NNS 5180 1662 80 does do VBZ 5180 1662 81 not not RB 5180 1662 82 bar bar VB 5180 1662 83 parents parent NNS 5180 1662 84 who who WP 5180 1662 85 so so RB 5180 1662 86 desire desire VBP 5180 1662 87 from from IN 5180 1662 88 purchasing purchase VBG 5180 1662 89 the the DT 5180 1662 90 magazines magazine NNS 5180 1662 91 for for IN 5180 1662 92 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1662 93 children child NNS 5180 1662 94 . . . 5180 1662 95 " " '' 5180 1663 1 Under under IN 5180 1663 2 the the DT 5180 1663 3 CDA cda NN 5180 1663 4 , , , 5180 1663 5 by by IN 5180 1663 6 contrast contrast NN 5180 1663 7 , , , 5180 1663 8 neither neither CC 5180 1663 9 the the DT 5180 1663 10 parents parent NNS 5180 1663 11 ' ' POS 5180 1663 12 consent consent NN 5180 1663 13 – – : 5180 1663 14 nor nor CC 5180 1663 15 even even RB 5180 1663 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1663 17 participation participation NN 5180 1663 18 – – : 5180 1663 19 in in IN 5180 1663 20 the the DT 5180 1663 21 communication communication NN 5180 1663 22 would would MD 5180 1663 23 avoid avoid VB 5180 1663 24 the the DT 5180 1663 25 application application NN 5180 1663 26 of of IN 5180 1663 27 the the DT 5180 1663 28 statute statute NN 5180 1663 29 . . . 5180 1664 1 Reno Reno NNP 5180 1664 2 , , , 5180 1664 3 521 521 CD 5180 1664 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1664 5 at at IN 5180 1664 6 865 865 CD 5180 1664 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1664 8 citation citation NN 5180 1664 9 omitted omit VBN 5180 1664 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1664 11 ; ; : 5180 1664 12 see see VB 5180 1664 13 also also RB 5180 1664 14 Ginsberg Ginsberg NNP 5180 1664 15 , , , 5180 1664 16 390 390 CD 5180 1664 17 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1664 18 at at IN 5180 1664 19 639 639 CD 5180 1664 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1664 21 " " `` 5180 1664 22 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1664 23 is be VBZ 5180 1664 24 cardinal cardinal JJ 5180 1664 25 with with IN 5180 1664 26 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1664 27 that that IN 5180 1664 28 the the DT 5180 1664 29 custody custody NN 5180 1664 30 , , , 5180 1664 31 care care NN 5180 1664 32 , , , 5180 1664 33 and and CC 5180 1664 34 nurture nurture NN 5180 1664 35 of of IN 5180 1664 36 the the DT 5180 1664 37 child child NN 5180 1664 38 reside reside VBP 5180 1664 39 first first RB 5180 1664 40 in in IN 5180 1664 41 the the DT 5180 1664 42 parents parent NNS 5180 1664 43 , , , 5180 1664 44 whose whose WP$ 5180 1664 45 primary primary JJ 5180 1664 46 function function NN 5180 1664 47 and and CC 5180 1664 48 freedom freedom NN 5180 1664 49 include include VBP 5180 1664 50 preparation preparation NN 5180 1664 51 for for IN 5180 1664 52 obligations obligation NNS 5180 1664 53 the the DT 5180 1664 54 state state NN 5180 1664 55 can can MD 5180 1664 56 neither neither CC 5180 1664 57 supply supply VB 5180 1664 58 nor nor CC 5180 1664 59 hinder hinder NN 5180 1664 60 . . . 5180 1664 61 " " '' 5180 1665 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1665 2 quoting quote VBG 5180 1665 3 Prince Prince NNP 5180 1665 4 v. v. IN 5180 1665 5 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 5180 1665 6 , , , 5180 1665 7 321 321 CD 5180 1665 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1665 9 158 158 CD 5180 1665 10 , , , 5180 1665 11 166 166 CD 5180 1665 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1665 13 1944 1944 CD 5180 1665 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1665 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1665 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1665 17 . . . 5180 1666 1 The the DT 5180 1666 2 Court Court NNP 5180 1666 3 in in IN 5180 1666 4 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1666 5 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 5180 1666 6 that that IN 5180 1666 7 although although IN 5180 1666 8 a a DT 5180 1666 9 regime regime NN 5180 1666 10 of of IN 5180 1666 11 permitting permit VBG 5180 1666 12 parents parent NNS 5180 1666 13 voluntarily voluntarily RB 5180 1666 14 to to TO 5180 1666 15 block block VB 5180 1666 16 cable cable NN 5180 1666 17 channels channel NNS 5180 1666 18 containing contain VBG 5180 1666 19 sexually sexually RB 5180 1666 20 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1666 21 programming programming NN 5180 1666 22 might may MD 5180 1666 23 not not RB 5180 1666 24 be be VB 5180 1666 25 a a DT 5180 1666 26 completely completely RB 5180 1666 27 effective effective JJ 5180 1666 28 alternative alternative NN 5180 1666 29 to to IN 5180 1666 30 the the DT 5180 1666 31 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1666 32 law law NN 5180 1666 33 , , , 5180 1666 34 which which WDT 5180 1666 35 effectively effectively RB 5180 1666 36 required require VBD 5180 1666 37 cable cable NN 5180 1666 38 operators operator NNS 5180 1666 39 to to TO 5180 1666 40 transmit transmit VB 5180 1666 41 sexually sexually RB 5180 1666 42 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1666 43 programming programming NN 5180 1666 44 only only RB 5180 1666 45 during during IN 5180 1666 46 particular particular JJ 5180 1666 47 hours hour NNS 5180 1666 48 , , , 5180 1666 49 the the DT 5180 1666 50 challenged challenge VBN 5180 1666 51 law law NN 5180 1666 52 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1666 53 was be VBD 5180 1666 54 not not RB 5180 1666 55 completely completely RB 5180 1666 56 effective effective JJ 5180 1666 57 in in IN 5180 1666 58 serving serve VBG 5180 1666 59 the the DT 5180 1666 60 government government NN 5180 1666 61 's 's POS 5180 1666 62 interest interest NN 5180 1666 63 : : : 5180 1666 64 There there EX 5180 1666 65 can can MD 5180 1666 66 be be VB 5180 1666 67 little little JJ 5180 1666 68 doubt doubt NN 5180 1666 69 , , , 5180 1666 70 of of IN 5180 1666 71 course course NN 5180 1666 72 , , , 5180 1666 73 that that IN 5180 1666 74 under under IN 5180 1666 75 a a DT 5180 1666 76 voluntary voluntary JJ 5180 1666 77 blocking blocking NN 5180 1666 78 regime regime NN 5180 1666 79 , , , 5180 1666 80 even even RB 5180 1666 81 with with IN 5180 1666 82 adequate adequate JJ 5180 1666 83 notice notice NN 5180 1666 84 , , , 5180 1666 85 some some DT 5180 1666 86 children child NNS 5180 1666 87 will will MD 5180 1666 88 be be VB 5180 1666 89 exposed expose VBN 5180 1666 90 to to IN 5180 1666 91 signal signal JJ 5180 1666 92 bleed bleed NN 5180 1666 93 ; ; : 5180 1666 94 and and CC 5180 1666 95 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1666 96 need need VBP 5180 1666 97 not not RB 5180 1666 98 discount discount VB 5180 1666 99 the the DT 5180 1666 100 possibility possibility NN 5180 1666 101 that that IN 5180 1666 102 a a DT 5180 1666 103 graphic graphic JJ 5180 1666 104 image image NN 5180 1666 105 could could MD 5180 1666 106 have have VB 5180 1666 107 a a DT 5180 1666 108 negative negative JJ 5180 1666 109 impact impact NN 5180 1666 110 on on IN 5180 1666 111 a a DT 5180 1666 112 young young JJ 5180 1666 113 child child NN 5180 1666 114 . . . 5180 1667 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1667 2 must must MD 5180 1667 3 be be VB 5180 1667 4 remembered remember VBN 5180 1667 5 , , , 5180 1667 6 however however RB 5180 1667 7 , , , 5180 1667 8 that that IN 5180 1667 9 children child NNS 5180 1667 10 will will MD 5180 1667 11 be be VB 5180 1667 12 exposed expose VBN 5180 1667 13 to to IN 5180 1667 14 signal signal JJ 5180 1667 15 bleed bleed NN 5180 1667 16 under under IN 5180 1667 17 time time NN 5180 1667 18 channeling channel VBG 5180 1667 19 as as RB 5180 1667 20 well well RB 5180 1667 21 . . . 5180 1668 1 . . . 5180 1669 1 . . . 5180 1670 1 . . . 5180 1671 1 The the DT 5180 1671 2 record record NN 5180 1671 3 is be VBZ 5180 1671 4 silent silent JJ 5180 1671 5 as as IN 5180 1671 6 to to IN 5180 1671 7 the the DT 5180 1671 8 comparative comparative JJ 5180 1671 9 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 1671 10 of of IN 5180 1671 11 the the DT 5180 1671 12 two two CD 5180 1671 13 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1671 14 . . . 5180 1672 1 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1672 2 , , , 5180 1672 3 529 529 CD 5180 1672 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1672 5 at at IN 5180 1672 6 826 826 CD 5180 1672 7 . . . 5180 1673 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1673 2 , , , 5180 1673 3 in in IN 5180 1673 4 this this DT 5180 1673 5 case case NN 5180 1673 6 , , , 5180 1673 7 the the DT 5180 1673 8 government government NN 5180 1673 9 has have VBZ 5180 1673 10 offered offer VBN 5180 1673 11 no no DT 5180 1673 12 evidence evidence NN 5180 1673 13 comparing compare VBG 5180 1673 14 the the DT 5180 1673 15 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 1673 16 of of IN 5180 1673 17 blocking block VBG 5180 1673 18 software software NN 5180 1673 19 and and CC 5180 1673 20 alternative alternative JJ 5180 1673 21 methods method NNS 5180 1673 22 used use VBN 5180 1673 23 by by IN 5180 1673 24 public public JJ 5180 1673 25 libraries library NNS 5180 1673 26 to to TO 5180 1673 27 protect protect VB 5180 1673 28 children child NNS 5180 1673 29 from from IN 5180 1673 30 material material NN 5180 1673 31 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1673 32 to to IN 5180 1673 33 minors minor NNS 5180 1673 34 . . . 5180 1674 1 Finally finally RB 5180 1674 2 , , , 5180 1674 3 there there EX 5180 1674 4 are be VBP 5180 1674 5 other other JJ 5180 1674 6 less less RBR 5180 1674 7 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1674 8 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1674 9 to to IN 5180 1674 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 1674 11 software software NN 5180 1674 12 that that WDT 5180 1674 13 further further JJ 5180 1674 14 public public JJ 5180 1674 15 libraries library NNS 5180 1674 16 ' ' POS 5180 1674 17 interest interest NN 5180 1674 18 in in IN 5180 1674 19 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1674 20 patrons patron NNS 5180 1674 21 from from IN 5180 1674 22 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1674 23 being be VBG 5180 1674 24 exposed expose VBN 5180 1674 25 to to IN 5180 1674 26 patently patently RB 5180 1674 27 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1674 28 , , , 5180 1674 29 sexually sexually RB 5180 1674 30 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1674 31 content content NN 5180 1674 32 on on IN 5180 1674 33 the the DT 5180 1674 34 Internet internet NN 5180 1674 35 . . . 5180 1675 1 To to IN 5180 1675 2 the the DT 5180 1675 3 extent extent NN 5180 1675 4 that that IN 5180 1675 5 public public JJ 5180 1675 6 libraries library NNS 5180 1675 7 are be VBP 5180 1675 8 concerned concern VBN 5180 1675 9 with with IN 5180 1675 10 protecting protect VBG 5180 1675 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 1675 12 from from IN 5180 1675 13 accidentally accidentally RB 5180 1675 14 encountering encounter VBG 5180 1675 15 such such JJ 5180 1675 16 material material NN 5180 1675 17 while while IN 5180 1675 18 using use VBG 5180 1675 19 the the DT 5180 1675 20 Internet internet NN 5180 1675 21 , , , 5180 1675 22 public public JJ 5180 1675 23 libraries library NNS 5180 1675 24 can can MD 5180 1675 25 provide provide VB 5180 1675 26 patrons patron NNS 5180 1675 27 with with IN 5180 1675 28 guidance guidance NN 5180 1675 29 in in IN 5180 1675 30 finding find VBG 5180 1675 31 the the DT 5180 1675 32 material material NN 5180 1675 33 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1675 34 want want VBP 5180 1675 35 and and CC 5180 1675 36 avoiding avoid VBG 5180 1675 37 unwanted unwanted JJ 5180 1675 38 material material NN 5180 1675 39 . . . 5180 1676 1 Some some DT 5180 1676 2 public public JJ 5180 1676 3 libraries library NNS 5180 1676 4 also also RB 5180 1676 5 offer offer VBP 5180 1676 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 1676 7 the the DT 5180 1676 8 option option NN 5180 1676 9 of of IN 5180 1676 10 using use VBG 5180 1676 11 filtering filter VBG 5180 1676 12 software software NN 5180 1676 13 , , , 5180 1676 14 if if IN 5180 1676 15 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1676 16 so so RB 5180 1676 17 desire desire VBP 5180 1676 18 . . . 5180 1677 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1677 2 . . . 5180 1678 1 Rowan Rowan NNP 5180 1678 2 v. v. IN 5180 1678 3 Post Post NNP 5180 1678 4 Office Office NNP 5180 1678 5 Dept Dept NNP 5180 1678 6 . . NNP 5180 1678 7 , , , 5180 1678 8 397 397 CD 5180 1678 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1678 10 728 728 CD 5180 1678 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1678 12 1970 1970 CD 5180 1678 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1678 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1678 15 upholding uphold VBG 5180 1678 16 a a DT 5180 1678 17 federal federal JJ 5180 1678 18 statute statute NN 5180 1678 19 permitting permit VBG 5180 1678 20 individuals individual NNS 5180 1678 21 to to TO 5180 1678 22 instruct instruct VB 5180 1678 23 the the DT 5180 1678 24 Postmaster Postmaster NNP 5180 1678 25 General General NNP 5180 1678 26 not not RB 5180 1678 27 to to TO 5180 1678 28 deliver deliver VB 5180 1678 29 advertisements advertisement NNS 5180 1678 30 that that WDT 5180 1678 31 are be VBP 5180 1678 32 " " `` 5180 1678 33 erotically erotically RB 5180 1678 34 arousing arousing JJ 5180 1678 35 or or CC 5180 1678 36 sexually sexually RB 5180 1678 37 provocative provocative JJ 5180 1678 38 " " '' 5180 1678 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1678 40 . . . 5180 1679 1 With with IN 5180 1679 2 respect respect NN 5180 1679 3 to to IN 5180 1679 4 protecting protect VBG 5180 1679 5 library library NN 5180 1679 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 1679 7 from from IN 5180 1679 8 sexually sexually RB 5180 1679 9 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1679 10 content content NN 5180 1679 11 viewed view VBN 5180 1679 12 by by IN 5180 1679 13 other other JJ 5180 1679 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 1679 15 , , , 5180 1679 16 public public JJ 5180 1679 17 libraries library NNS 5180 1679 18 have have VBP 5180 1679 19 used use VBN 5180 1679 20 a a DT 5180 1679 21 variety variety NN 5180 1679 22 of of IN 5180 1679 23 less less JJR 5180 1679 24 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1679 25 methods method NNS 5180 1679 26 . . . 5180 1680 1 One one CD 5180 1680 2 alternative alternative NN 5180 1680 3 is be VBZ 5180 1680 4 simply simply RB 5180 1680 5 to to TO 5180 1680 6 segregate segregate VB 5180 1680 7 filtered filter VBN 5180 1680 8 from from IN 5180 1680 9 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1680 10 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1680 11 , , , 5180 1680 12 and and CC 5180 1680 13 to to TO 5180 1680 14 place place VB 5180 1680 15 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1680 16 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1680 17 outside outside RB 5180 1680 18 of of IN 5180 1680 19 patrons patron NNS 5180 1680 20 ' ' POS 5180 1680 21 sight sight NN 5180 1680 22 - - HYPH 5180 1680 23 lines line NNS 5180 1680 24 and and CC 5180 1680 25 areas area NNS 5180 1680 26 of of IN 5180 1680 27 heavy heavy JJ 5180 1680 28 traffic traffic NN 5180 1680 29 . . . 5180 1681 1 Even even RB 5180 1681 2 the the DT 5180 1681 3 less less RBR 5180 1681 4 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1681 5 alternative alternative NN 5180 1681 6 of of IN 5180 1681 7 allowing allow VBG 5180 1681 8 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1681 9 access access NN 5180 1681 10 on on IN 5180 1681 11 only only RB 5180 1681 12 a a DT 5180 1681 13 single single JJ 5180 1681 14 terminal terminal NN 5180 1681 15 , , , 5180 1681 16 well well UH 5180 1681 17 out out IN 5180 1681 18 of of IN 5180 1681 19 the the DT 5180 1681 20 line line NN 5180 1681 21 of of IN 5180 1681 22 sight sight NN 5180 1681 23 of of IN 5180 1681 24 other other JJ 5180 1681 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 1681 26 , , , 5180 1681 27 however however RB 5180 1681 28 , , , 5180 1681 29 is be VBZ 5180 1681 30 not not RB 5180 1681 31 permitted permit VBN 5180 1681 32 under under IN 5180 1681 33 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1681 34 , , , 5180 1681 35 which which WDT 5180 1681 36 requires require VBZ 5180 1681 37 the the DT 5180 1681 38 use use NN 5180 1681 39 of of IN 5180 1681 40 a a DT 5180 1681 41 technology technology NN 5180 1681 42 protection protection NN 5180 1681 43 measure measure NN 5180 1681 44 on on IN 5180 1681 45 every every DT 5180 1681 46 computer computer NN 5180 1681 47 in in IN 5180 1681 48 the the DT 5180 1681 49 library library NN 5180 1681 50 . . . 5180 1682 1 See see VB 5180 1682 2 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1682 3 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1682 4 . . . 5180 1683 1 1721(b)(6)(C 1721(b)(6)(C NNP 5180 1683 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1683 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1683 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1683 5 at at IN 5180 1683 6 47 47 CD 5180 1683 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1684 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1684 2 . . . 5180 1685 1 254(h)(6)(C 254(h)(6)(c LS 5180 1685 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1685 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1685 4 , , , 5180 1685 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1685 6 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1685 7 . . . 5180 1686 1 1712 1712 CD 5180 1686 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1686 3 codified codify VBN 5180 1686 4 at at IN 5180 1686 5 20 20 CD 5180 1686 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1687 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1687 2 . . . 5180 1688 1 9134(f)(1)(A 9134(f)(1)(A NNP 5180 1688 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1688 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1688 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1688 5 requiring require VBG 5180 1688 6 a a DT 5180 1688 7 public public JJ 5180 1688 8 library library NN 5180 1688 9 receiving receive VBG 5180 1688 10 E e NN 5180 1688 11 - - NN 5180 1688 12 rate rate NN 5180 1688 13 discounts discount NNS 5180 1688 14 or or CC 5180 1688 15 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1688 16 grants grant NNS 5180 1688 17 to to TO 5180 1688 18 certify certify VB 5180 1688 19 that that IN 5180 1688 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1688 21 " " `` 5180 1688 22 has have VBZ 5180 1688 23 in in IN 5180 1688 24 place place NN 5180 1688 25 a a DT 5180 1688 26 policy policy NN 5180 1688 27 of of IN 5180 1688 28 Internet internet NN 5180 1688 29 safety safety NN 5180 1688 30 that that WDT 5180 1688 31 includes include VBZ 5180 1688 32 the the DT 5180 1688 33 operation operation NN 5180 1688 34 of of IN 5180 1688 35 a a DT 5180 1688 36 technology technology NN 5180 1688 37 protection protection NN 5180 1688 38 measure measure NN 5180 1688 39 with with IN 5180 1688 40 respect respect NN 5180 1688 41 to to IN 5180 1688 42 any any DT 5180 1688 43 of of IN 5180 1688 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1688 45 computers computer NNS 5180 1688 46 with with IN 5180 1688 47 Internet internet NN 5180 1688 48 access access NN 5180 1688 49 . . . 5180 1689 1 . . . 5180 1690 1 . . . 5180 1691 1 . . . 5180 1691 2 " " '' 5180 1692 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1692 2 emphasis emphasis NN 5180 1692 3 added add VBN 5180 1692 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1692 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1692 6 ; ; : 5180 1692 7 In in IN 5180 1692 8 re re IN 5180 1692 9 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1692 10 - - HYPH 5180 1692 11 State State NNP 5180 1692 12 Joint Joint NNP 5180 1692 13 Board Board NNP 5180 1692 14 on on IN 5180 1692 15 Universal Universal NNP 5180 1692 16 Service Service NNP 5180 1692 17 : : : 5180 1692 18 Children Children NNP 5180 1692 19 's 's POS 5180 1692 20 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1692 21 Protection Protection NNP 5180 1692 22 Act Act NNP 5180 1692 23 , , , 5180 1692 24 CC CC NNP 5180 1692 25 Docket Docket NNP 5180 1692 26 No no UH 5180 1692 27 . . . 5180 1693 1 96 96 CD 5180 1693 2 - - SYM 5180 1693 3 45 45 CD 5180 1693 4 , , , 5180 1693 5 Report Report NNP 5180 1693 6 and and CC 5180 1693 7 Order Order NNP 5180 1693 8 , , , 5180 1693 9 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1693 10 01 01 CD 5180 1693 11 - - SYM 5180 1693 12 120 120 CD 5180 1693 13 , , , 5180 1693 14 30 30 CD 5180 1693 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1693 16 Apr. April NNP 5180 1694 1 5 5 CD 5180 1694 2 , , , 5180 1694 3 2001 2001 CD 5180 1694 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1694 5 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1694 6 " " `` 5180 1694 7 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1694 8 makes make VBZ 5180 1694 9 no no DT 5180 1694 10 distinction distinction NN 5180 1694 11 between between IN 5180 1694 12 computers computer NNS 5180 1694 13 used use VBN 5180 1694 14 only only RB 5180 1694 15 by by IN 5180 1694 16 staff staff NN 5180 1694 17 and and CC 5180 1694 18 those those DT 5180 1694 19 accessible accessible JJ 5180 1694 20 to to IN 5180 1694 21 the the DT 5180 1694 22 public public NN 5180 1694 23 . . . 5180 1694 24 " " '' 5180 1694 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1694 26 . . . 5180 1695 1 Alternatively alternatively RB 5180 1695 2 , , , 5180 1695 3 libraries library NNS 5180 1695 4 can can MD 5180 1695 5 use use VB 5180 1695 6 privacy privacy NN 5180 1695 7 screens screen NNS 5180 1695 8 or or CC 5180 1695 9 recessed recess VBN 5180 1695 10 monitors monitor NNS 5180 1695 11 to to TO 5180 1695 12 prevent prevent VB 5180 1695 13 patrons patron NNS 5180 1695 14 from from IN 5180 1695 15 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1695 16 being be VBG 5180 1695 17 exposed expose VBN 5180 1695 18 to to IN 5180 1695 19 material material NN 5180 1695 20 viewed view VBN 5180 1695 21 by by IN 5180 1695 22 other other JJ 5180 1695 23 patrons patron NNS 5180 1695 24 . . . 5180 1696 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1696 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 1696 3 that that IN 5180 1696 4 privacy privacy NN 5180 1696 5 screens screen NNS 5180 1696 6 and and CC 5180 1696 7 recessed recess VBN 5180 1696 8 monitors monitor NNS 5180 1696 9 suffer suffer VBP 5180 1696 10 from from IN 5180 1696 11 imperfections imperfection NNS 5180 1696 12 as as IN 5180 1696 13 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1696 14 to to IN 5180 1696 15 filtering filter VBG 5180 1696 16 . . . 5180 1697 1 Both both DT 5180 1697 2 impose impose VB 5180 1697 3 costs cost NNS 5180 1697 4 on on IN 5180 1697 5 the the DT 5180 1697 6 library library NN 5180 1697 7 , , , 5180 1697 8 particularly particularly RB 5180 1697 9 recessed recess VBN 5180 1697 10 monitors monitor NNS 5180 1697 11 , , , 5180 1697 12 which which WDT 5180 1697 13 , , , 5180 1697 14 according accord VBG 5180 1697 15 to to IN 5180 1697 16 the the DT 5180 1697 17 government government NN 5180 1697 18 's 's POS 5180 1697 19 library library NN 5180 1697 20 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1697 21 , , , 5180 1697 22 are be VBP 5180 1697 23 expensive expensive JJ 5180 1697 24 . . . 5180 1698 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1698 2 , , , 5180 1698 3 some some DT 5180 1698 4 libraries library NNS 5180 1698 5 have have VBP 5180 1698 6 experienced experience VBN 5180 1698 7 problems problem NNS 5180 1698 8 with with IN 5180 1698 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 1698 10 attempting attempt VBG 5180 1698 11 to to TO 5180 1698 12 remove remove VB 5180 1698 13 the the DT 5180 1698 14 privacy privacy NN 5180 1698 15 screens screen NNS 5180 1698 16 . . . 5180 1699 1 Privacy privacy NN 5180 1699 2 screens screen NNS 5180 1699 3 and and CC 5180 1699 4 recessed recess VBN 5180 1699 5 monitors monitor NNS 5180 1699 6 also also RB 5180 1699 7 make make VBP 5180 1699 8 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1699 9 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1699 10 for for IN 5180 1699 11 more more JJR 5180 1699 12 than than IN 5180 1699 13 one one CD 5180 1699 14 person person NN 5180 1699 15 to to TO 5180 1699 16 work work VB 5180 1699 17 at at IN 5180 1699 18 the the DT 5180 1699 19 same same JJ 5180 1699 20 terminal terminal NN 5180 1699 21 . . . 5180 1700 1 These these DT 5180 1700 2 problems problem NNS 5180 1700 3 , , , 5180 1700 4 however however RB 5180 1700 5 , , , 5180 1700 6 are be VBP 5180 1700 7 not not RB 5180 1700 8 insurmountable insurmountable JJ 5180 1700 9 . . . 5180 1701 1 While while IN 5180 1701 2 there there EX 5180 1701 3 is be VBZ 5180 1701 4 no no DT 5180 1701 5 doubt doubt NN 5180 1701 6 that that IN 5180 1701 7 privacy privacy NN 5180 1701 8 screens screen NNS 5180 1701 9 and and CC 5180 1701 10 recessed recess VBN 5180 1701 11 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1701 12 impose impose VBP 5180 1701 13 additional additional JJ 5180 1701 14 costs cost NNS 5180 1701 15 on on IN 5180 1701 16 libraries library NNS 5180 1701 17 , , , 5180 1701 18 the the DT 5180 1701 19 government government NN 5180 1701 20 has have VBZ 5180 1701 21 failed fail VBN 5180 1701 22 to to TO 5180 1701 23 show show VB 5180 1701 24 that that IN 5180 1701 25 the the DT 5180 1701 26 cost cost NN 5180 1701 27 of of IN 5180 1701 28 privacy privacy NN 5180 1701 29 screens screen NNS 5180 1701 30 or or CC 5180 1701 31 recessed recess VBN 5180 1701 32 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1701 33 is be VBZ 5180 1701 34 substantially substantially RB 5180 1701 35 greater great JJR 5180 1701 36 than than IN 5180 1701 37 the the DT 5180 1701 38 cost cost NN 5180 1701 39 of of IN 5180 1701 40 filtering filter VBG 5180 1701 41 software software NN 5180 1701 42 and and CC 5180 1701 43 the the DT 5180 1701 44 resources resource NNS 5180 1701 45 needed need VBN 5180 1701 46 to to TO 5180 1701 47 maintain maintain VB 5180 1701 48 such such JJ 5180 1701 49 software software NN 5180 1701 50 . . . 5180 1702 1 Nor nor CC 5180 1702 2 has have VBZ 5180 1702 3 the the DT 5180 1702 4 government government NN 5180 1702 5 shown show VBN 5180 1702 6 that that IN 5180 1702 7 the the DT 5180 1702 8 cost cost NN 5180 1702 9 of of IN 5180 1702 10 these these DT 5180 1702 11 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1702 12 is be VBZ 5180 1702 13 so so RB 5180 1702 14 high high JJ 5180 1702 15 as as IN 5180 1702 16 to to TO 5180 1702 17 make make VB 5180 1702 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1702 19 use use NN 5180 1702 20 prohibitive prohibitive JJ 5180 1702 21 . . . 5180 1703 1 With with IN 5180 1703 2 respect respect NN 5180 1703 3 to to IN 5180 1703 4 the the DT 5180 1703 5 problem problem NN 5180 1703 6 of of IN 5180 1703 7 patrons patron NNS 5180 1703 8 removing remove VBG 5180 1703 9 privacy privacy NN 5180 1703 10 screens screen NNS 5180 1703 11 , , , 5180 1703 12 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1703 13 find find VBP 5180 1703 14 , , , 5180 1703 15 based base VBN 5180 1703 16 on on IN 5180 1703 17 the the DT 5180 1703 18 successful successful JJ 5180 1703 19 use use NN 5180 1703 20 of of IN 5180 1703 21 privacy privacy NN 5180 1703 22 screens screen NNS 5180 1703 23 by by IN 5180 1703 24 the the DT 5180 1703 25 Fort Fort NNP 5180 1703 26 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 1703 27 Regional Regional NNP 5180 1703 28 Library Library NNP 5180 1703 29 and and CC 5180 1703 30 the the DT 5180 1703 31 Multnomah Multnomah NNP 5180 1703 32 County County NNP 5180 1703 33 Public Public NNP 5180 1703 34 Library Library NNP 5180 1703 35 , , , 5180 1703 36 that that IN 5180 1703 37 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1703 38 is be VBZ 5180 1703 39 possible possible JJ 5180 1703 40 for for IN 5180 1703 41 public public JJ 5180 1703 42 libraries library NNS 5180 1703 43 to to TO 5180 1703 44 prevent prevent VB 5180 1703 45 patrons patron NNS 5180 1703 46 from from IN 5180 1703 47 removing remove VBG 5180 1703 48 the the DT 5180 1703 49 screens screen NNS 5180 1703 50 . . . 5180 1704 1 Although although IN 5180 1704 2 privacy privacy NN 5180 1704 3 screens screen NNS 5180 1704 4 may may MD 5180 1704 5 make make VB 5180 1704 6 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1704 7 difficult difficult JJ 5180 1704 8 for for IN 5180 1704 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 1704 10 to to TO 5180 1704 11 work work VB 5180 1704 12 at at IN 5180 1704 13 the the DT 5180 1704 14 same same JJ 5180 1704 15 terminal terminal JJ 5180 1704 16 side side NN 5180 1704 17 by by IN 5180 1704 18 side side NN 5180 1704 19 with with IN 5180 1704 20 other other JJ 5180 1704 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 1704 22 or or CC 5180 1704 23 with with IN 5180 1704 24 library library NN 5180 1704 25 staff staff NN 5180 1704 26 , , , 5180 1704 27 a a DT 5180 1704 28 library library NN 5180 1704 29 could could MD 5180 1704 30 provide provide VB 5180 1704 31 filtered filtered JJ 5180 1704 32 access access NN 5180 1704 33 at at IN 5180 1704 34 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1704 35 that that WDT 5180 1704 36 lack lack VBP 5180 1704 37 privacy privacy NN 5180 1704 38 screens screen NNS 5180 1704 39 , , , 5180 1704 40 when when WRB 5180 1704 41 patrons patron NNS 5180 1704 42 wish wish VBP 5180 1704 43 to to TO 5180 1704 44 use use VB 5180 1704 45 a a DT 5180 1704 46 terminal terminal NN 5180 1704 47 with with IN 5180 1704 48 others other NNS 5180 1704 49 . . . 5180 1705 1 Alternatively alternatively RB 5180 1705 2 , , , 5180 1705 3 a a DT 5180 1705 4 library library NN 5180 1705 5 can can MD 5180 1705 6 reserve reserve VB 5180 1705 7 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1705 8 outside outside RB 5180 1705 9 of of IN 5180 1705 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1705 11 ' ' POS 5180 1705 12 sight sight NN 5180 1705 13 lines line NNS 5180 1705 14 for for IN 5180 1705 15 groups group NNS 5180 1705 16 of of IN 5180 1705 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 1705 18 who who WP 5180 1705 19 wish wish VBP 5180 1705 20 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1705 21 access access NN 5180 1705 22 . . . 5180 1706 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1706 2 therefore therefore RB 5180 1706 3 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1706 4 that that IN 5180 1706 5 the the DT 5180 1706 6 government government NN 5180 1706 7 has have VBZ 5180 1706 8 failed fail VBN 5180 1706 9 to to TO 5180 1706 10 show show VB 5180 1706 11 that that IN 5180 1706 12 the the DT 5180 1706 13 less less RBR 5180 1706 14 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1706 15 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1706 16 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1706 17 above above RB 5180 1706 18 are be VBP 5180 1706 19 ineffective ineffective JJ 5180 1706 20 at at IN 5180 1706 21 furthering further VBG 5180 1706 22 the the DT 5180 1706 23 government government NN 5180 1706 24 's 's POS 5180 1706 25 interest interest NN 5180 1706 26 either either CC 5180 1706 27 in in IN 5180 1706 28 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1706 29 patrons patron NNS 5180 1706 30 from from IN 5180 1706 31 using use VBG 5180 1706 32 library library NN 5180 1706 33 computers computer NNS 5180 1706 34 to to TO 5180 1706 35 access access VB 5180 1706 36 visual visual JJ 5180 1706 37 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1706 38 that that WDT 5180 1706 39 are be VBP 5180 1706 40 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1706 41 , , , 5180 1706 42 child child NN 5180 1706 43 pornography pornography NN 5180 1706 44 , , , 5180 1706 45 or or CC 5180 1706 46 in in IN 5180 1706 47 the the DT 5180 1706 48 case case NN 5180 1706 49 of of IN 5180 1706 50 minors minor NNS 5180 1706 51 , , , 5180 1706 52 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1706 53 to to IN 5180 1706 54 minors minor NNS 5180 1706 55 , , , 5180 1706 56 or or CC 5180 1706 57 in in IN 5180 1706 58 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1706 59 library library NN 5180 1706 60 patrons patron NNS 5180 1706 61 from from IN 5180 1706 62 being be VBG 5180 1706 63 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1706 64 exposed expose VBN 5180 1706 65 to to IN 5180 1706 66 patently patently RB 5180 1706 67 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1706 68 , , , 5180 1706 69 sexually sexually RB 5180 1706 70 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1706 71 speech speech NN 5180 1706 72 . . . 5180 1707 1 4 4 LS 5180 1707 2 . . . 5180 1708 1 Do do VBP 5180 1708 2 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1708 3 's 's POS 5180 1708 4 Disabling Disabling NNP 5180 1708 5 Provisions Provisions NNPS 5180 1708 6 Cure Cure NNP 5180 1708 7 the the DT 5180 1708 8 Defect defect NN 5180 1708 9 ? ? . 5180 1709 1 The the DT 5180 1709 2 Government Government NNP 5180 1709 3 argues argue VBZ 5180 1709 4 that that IN 5180 1709 5 even even RB 5180 1709 6 if if IN 5180 1709 7 the the DT 5180 1709 8 use use NN 5180 1709 9 of of IN 5180 1709 10 software software NN 5180 1709 11 filters filter NNS 5180 1709 12 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1709 13 by by IN 5180 1709 14 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1709 15 blocks block VBZ 5180 1709 16 a a DT 5180 1709 17 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1709 18 amount amount NN 5180 1709 19 of of IN 5180 1709 20 speech speech NN 5180 1709 21 whose whose WP$ 5180 1709 22 suppression suppression NN 5180 1709 23 serves serve VBZ 5180 1709 24 no no DT 5180 1709 25 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1709 26 state state NN 5180 1709 27 interest interest NN 5180 1709 28 , , , 5180 1709 29 and and CC 5180 1709 30 therefore therefore RB 5180 1709 31 fails fail VBZ 5180 1709 32 strict strict JJ 5180 1709 33 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1709 34 's 's POS 5180 1709 35 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1709 36 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1709 37 requirement requirement NN 5180 1709 38 , , , 5180 1709 39 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1709 40 's 's POS 5180 1709 41 disabling disable VBG 5180 1709 42 provisions provision NNS 5180 1709 43 cure cure VBP 5180 1709 44 any any DT 5180 1709 45 lack lack NN 5180 1709 46 of of IN 5180 1709 47 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1709 48 tailoring tailor VBG 5180 1709 49 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1709 50 in in IN 5180 1709 51 filtering filter VBG 5180 1709 52 technology technology NN 5180 1709 53 . . . 5180 1710 1 The the DT 5180 1710 2 disabling disable VBG 5180 1710 3 provision provision NN 5180 1710 4 applicable applicable JJ 5180 1710 5 to to IN 5180 1710 6 libraries library NNS 5180 1710 7 receiving receive VBG 5180 1710 8 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1710 9 grants grant NNS 5180 1710 10 states state VBZ 5180 1710 11 that that IN 5180 1710 12 " " `` 5180 1710 13 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1710 14 a]n a]n NNP 5180 1710 15 administrator administrator NN 5180 1710 16 , , , 5180 1710 17 supervisor supervisor NN 5180 1710 18 , , , 5180 1710 19 or or CC 5180 1710 20 other other JJ 5180 1710 21 authority authority NN 5180 1710 22 may may MD 5180 1710 23 disable disable VB 5180 1710 24 a a DT 5180 1710 25 technology technology NN 5180 1710 26 protection protection NN 5180 1710 27 measure measure NN 5180 1710 28 . . . 5180 1711 1 . . . 5180 1712 1 . . . 5180 1713 1 to to TO 5180 1713 2 enable enable VB 5180 1713 3 access access NN 5180 1713 4 for for IN 5180 1713 5 bona bona FW 5180 1713 6 fide fide JJ 5180 1713 7 research research NN 5180 1713 8 or or CC 5180 1713 9 other other JJ 5180 1713 10 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1713 11 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1713 12 . . . 5180 1713 13 " " '' 5180 1714 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1714 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1714 3 . . . 5180 1715 1 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 CD 5180 1715 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1715 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1715 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1715 5 at at IN 5180 1715 6 20 20 CD 5180 1715 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1716 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1716 2 . . . 5180 1717 1 9134(f)(3 9134(f)(3 LS 5180 1717 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1717 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1717 4 . . . 5180 1718 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1718 2 's 's POS 5180 1718 3 disabling disable VBG 5180 1718 4 provision provision NN 5180 1718 5 with with IN 5180 1718 6 respect respect NN 5180 1718 7 to to IN 5180 1718 8 libraries library NNS 5180 1718 9 receiving receive VBG 5180 1718 10 E e NN 5180 1718 11 - - NN 5180 1718 12 rate rate NN 5180 1718 13 discounts discount NNS 5180 1718 14 similarly similarly RB 5180 1718 15 states state VBZ 5180 1718 16 that that IN 5180 1718 17 " " `` 5180 1718 18 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1718 19 a]n a]n NNP 5180 1718 20 administrator administrator NN 5180 1718 21 , , , 5180 1718 22 supervisor supervisor NN 5180 1718 23 , , , 5180 1718 24 or or CC 5180 1718 25 other other JJ 5180 1718 26 person person NN 5180 1718 27 authorized authorize VBN 5180 1718 28 by by IN 5180 1718 29 the the DT 5180 1718 30 certifying certify VBG 5180 1718 31 authority authority NN 5180 1718 32 . . . 5180 1719 1 . . . 5180 1720 1 . . . 5180 1721 1 may may MD 5180 1721 2 disable disable VB 5180 1721 3 the the DT 5180 1721 4 technology technology NN 5180 1721 5 protection protection NN 5180 1721 6 measure measure NN 5180 1721 7 concerned concern VBN 5180 1721 8 , , , 5180 1721 9 during during IN 5180 1721 10 use use NN 5180 1721 11 by by IN 5180 1721 12 an an DT 5180 1721 13 adult adult NN 5180 1721 14 , , , 5180 1721 15 to to TO 5180 1721 16 enable enable VB 5180 1721 17 access access NN 5180 1721 18 for for IN 5180 1721 19 bona bona FW 5180 1721 20 fide fide JJ 5180 1721 21 research research NN 5180 1721 22 or or CC 5180 1721 23 other other JJ 5180 1721 24 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1721 25 purpose purpose NN 5180 1721 26 . . . 5180 1721 27 " " '' 5180 1722 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1722 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1722 3 . . . 5180 1723 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 1723 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1723 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1723 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1723 5 at at IN 5180 1723 6 47 47 CD 5180 1723 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1724 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1724 2 . . . 5180 1725 1 254(h)(6)(D 254(h)(6)(d LS 5180 1725 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1725 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1725 4 . . . 5180 1726 1 To to TO 5180 1726 2 determine determine VB 5180 1726 3 whether whether IN 5180 1726 4 the the DT 5180 1726 5 disabling disable VBG 5180 1726 6 provisions provision NNS 5180 1726 7 cure cure NN 5180 1726 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1726 9 's 's POS 5180 1726 10 lack lack NN 5180 1726 11 of of IN 5180 1726 12 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1726 13 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1726 14 , , , 5180 1726 15 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1726 16 must must MD 5180 1726 17 first first RB 5180 1726 18 determine determine VB 5180 1726 19 , , , 5180 1726 20 as as IN 5180 1726 21 a a DT 5180 1726 22 matter matter NN 5180 1726 23 of of IN 5180 1726 24 statutory statutory JJ 5180 1726 25 construction construction NN 5180 1726 26 , , , 5180 1726 27 under under IN 5180 1726 28 what what WP 5180 1726 29 circumstances circumstance VBZ 5180 1726 30 the the DT 5180 1726 31 disabling disable VBG 5180 1726 32 provisions provision NNS 5180 1726 33 permit permit VBP 5180 1726 34 libraries library NNS 5180 1726 35 to to TO 5180 1726 36 disable disable VB 5180 1726 37 the the DT 5180 1726 38 software software NN 5180 1726 39 filters filter NNS 5180 1726 40 . . . 5180 1727 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1727 2 is be VBZ 5180 1727 3 unclear unclear JJ 5180 1727 4 to to IN 5180 1727 5 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1727 6 whether whether IN 5180 1727 7 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1727 8 's 's POS 5180 1727 9 disabling disable VBG 5180 1727 10 provisions provision NNS 5180 1727 11 permit permit VBP 5180 1727 12 libraries library NNS 5180 1727 13 to to TO 5180 1727 14 disable disable VB 5180 1727 15 the the DT 5180 1727 16 filters filter NNS 5180 1727 17 any any DT 5180 1727 18 time time NN 5180 1727 19 a a DT 5180 1727 20 patron patron NN 5180 1727 21 wishes wish VBZ 5180 1727 22 to to TO 5180 1727 23 access access VB 5180 1727 24 speech speech NN 5180 1727 25 that that WDT 5180 1727 26 is be VBZ 5180 1727 27 neither neither DT 5180 1727 28 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1727 29 , , , 5180 1727 30 child child NN 5180 1727 31 pornography pornography NN 5180 1727 32 , , , 5180 1727 33 or or CC 5180 1727 34 in in IN 5180 1727 35 the the DT 5180 1727 36 case case NN 5180 1727 37 of of IN 5180 1727 38 a a DT 5180 1727 39 minor minor JJ 5180 1727 40 patron patron NN 5180 1727 41 , , , 5180 1727 42 material material NN 5180 1727 43 that that WDT 5180 1727 44 is be VBZ 5180 1727 45 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1727 46 to to IN 5180 1727 47 minors minor NNS 5180 1727 48 . . . 5180 1728 1 Whether whether IN 5180 1728 2 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1728 3 permits permit NNS 5180 1728 4 disabling disable VBG 5180 1728 5 in in IN 5180 1728 6 such such JJ 5180 1728 7 instances instance NNS 5180 1728 8 depends depend VBZ 5180 1728 9 on on IN 5180 1728 10 the the DT 5180 1728 11 meaning meaning NN 5180 1728 12 of of IN 5180 1728 13 the the DT 5180 1728 14 provisions provision NNS 5180 1728 15 ' ' POS 5180 1728 16 reference reference NN 5180 1728 17 to to TO 5180 1728 18 " " `` 5180 1728 19 bona bona VB 5180 1728 20 fide fide JJ 5180 1728 21 research research NN 5180 1728 22 or or CC 5180 1728 23 other other JJ 5180 1728 24 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1728 25 purpose purpose NN 5180 1728 26 . . . 5180 1728 27 " " '' 5180 1729 1 On on IN 5180 1729 2 the the DT 5180 1729 3 one one CD 5180 1729 4 hand hand NN 5180 1729 5 , , , 5180 1729 6 the the DT 5180 1729 7 language language NN 5180 1729 8 " " `` 5180 1729 9 to to TO 5180 1729 10 enable enable VB 5180 1729 11 access access NN 5180 1729 12 for for IN 5180 1729 13 bona bona FW 5180 1729 14 fide fide JJ 5180 1729 15 research research NN 5180 1729 16 or or CC 5180 1729 17 other other JJ 5180 1729 18 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1729 19 purpose purpose NN 5180 1729 20 " " `` 5180 1729 21 could could MD 5180 1729 22 be be VB 5180 1729 23 interpreted interpret VBN 5180 1729 24 to to TO 5180 1729 25 mean mean VB 5180 1729 26 " " `` 5180 1729 27 to to TO 5180 1729 28 enable enable VB 5180 1729 29 access access NN 5180 1729 30 to to IN 5180 1729 31 all all DT 5180 1729 32 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1729 33 protected protect VBN 5180 1729 34 material material NN 5180 1729 35 . . . 5180 1729 36 " " '' 5180 1730 1 As as IN 5180 1730 2 a a DT 5180 1730 3 textual textual JJ 5180 1730 4 matter matter NN 5180 1730 5 , , , 5180 1730 6 this this DT 5180 1730 7 reading reading NN 5180 1730 8 of of IN 5180 1730 9 the the DT 5180 1730 10 disabling disable VBG 5180 1730 11 provisions provision NNS 5180 1730 12 is be VBZ 5180 1730 13 plausible plausible JJ 5180 1730 14 . . . 5180 1731 1 If if IN 5180 1731 2 a a DT 5180 1731 3 patron patron NN 5180 1731 4 seeks seek VBZ 5180 1731 5 access access NN 5180 1731 6 to to IN 5180 1731 7 speech speech NN 5180 1731 8 that that WDT 5180 1731 9 is be VBZ 5180 1731 10 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1731 11 protected protect VBN 5180 1731 12 , , , 5180 1731 13 then then RB 5180 1731 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1731 15 is be VBZ 5180 1731 16 reasonable reasonable JJ 5180 1731 17 to to TO 5180 1731 18 conclude conclude VB 5180 1731 19 that that IN 5180 1731 20 the the DT 5180 1731 21 patron patron NN 5180 1731 22 has have VBZ 5180 1731 23 a a DT 5180 1731 24 " " `` 5180 1731 25 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1731 26 purpose purpose NN 5180 1731 27 , , , 5180 1731 28 " " '' 5180 1731 29 since since IN 5180 1731 30 the the DT 5180 1731 31 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 1731 32 and and CC 5180 1731 33 receipt receipt NN 5180 1731 34 of of IN 5180 1731 35 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1731 36 protected protect VBN 5180 1731 37 speech speech NN 5180 1731 38 can can MD 5180 1731 39 not not RB 5180 1731 40 be be VB 5180 1731 41 made make VBN 5180 1731 42 unlawful unlawful JJ 5180 1731 43 . . . 5180 1732 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1732 2 , , , 5180 1732 3 since since IN 5180 1732 4 a a DT 5180 1732 5 narrower narrow JJR 5180 1732 6 construction construction NN 5180 1732 7 of of IN 5180 1732 8 the the DT 5180 1732 9 disabling disable VBG 5180 1732 10 provision provision NN 5180 1732 11 creates create VBZ 5180 1732 12 more more RBR 5180 1732 13 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 1732 14 problems problem NNS 5180 1732 15 than than IN 5180 1732 16 a a DT 5180 1732 17 construction construction NN 5180 1732 18 of of IN 5180 1732 19 the the DT 5180 1732 20 disabling disable VBG 5180 1732 21 provisions provision NNS 5180 1732 22 that that WDT 5180 1732 23 permits permit VBZ 5180 1732 24 access access NN 5180 1732 25 to to IN 5180 1732 26 all all DT 5180 1732 27 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1732 28 protected protect VBN 5180 1732 29 speech speech NN 5180 1732 30 , , , 5180 1732 31 the the DT 5180 1732 32 broader broad JJR 5180 1732 33 interpretation interpretation NN 5180 1732 34 is be VBZ 5180 1732 35 preferable preferable JJ 5180 1732 36 . . . 5180 1733 1 " " `` 5180 1733 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1733 3 I]f I]f NNP 5180 1733 4 an an DT 5180 1733 5 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 1733 6 acceptable acceptable JJ 5180 1733 7 construction construction NN 5180 1733 8 of of IN 5180 1733 9 a a DT 5180 1733 10 statute statute NN 5180 1733 11 would would MD 5180 1733 12 raise raise VB 5180 1733 13 serious serious JJ 5180 1733 14 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 1733 15 problems problem NNS 5180 1733 16 , , , 5180 1733 17 and and CC 5180 1733 18 where where WRB 5180 1733 19 an an DT 5180 1733 20 alternative alternative JJ 5180 1733 21 interpretation interpretation NN 5180 1733 22 of of IN 5180 1733 23 the the DT 5180 1733 24 statute statute NN 5180 1733 25 is be VBZ 5180 1733 26 fairly fairly RB 5180 1733 27 possible possible JJ 5180 1733 28 , , , 5180 1733 29 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1733 30 are be VBP 5180 1733 31 obligated obligated JJ 5180 1733 32 to to TO 5180 1733 33 construe construe VB 5180 1733 34 the the DT 5180 1733 35 statute statute NN 5180 1733 36 to to TO 5180 1733 37 avoid avoid VB 5180 1733 38 such such JJ 5180 1733 39 problems problem NNS 5180 1733 40 . . . 5180 1733 41 " " '' 5180 1734 1 INS INS NNP 5180 1734 2 v. v. CC 5180 1734 3 St. St. NNP 5180 1734 4 Cyr Cyr NNP 5180 1734 5 , , , 5180 1734 6 121 121 CD 5180 1734 7 S. S. NNP 5180 1734 8 Ct Ct NNP 5180 1734 9 . . NNP 5180 1734 10 2271 2271 CD 5180 1734 11 , , , 5180 1734 12 2279 2279 CD 5180 1734 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1734 14 2001 2001 CD 5180 1734 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1734 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1734 17 internal internal JJ 5180 1734 18 quotation quotation NN 5180 1734 19 marks mark NNS 5180 1734 20 and and CC 5180 1734 21 citations citation NNS 5180 1734 22 omitted omit VBN 5180 1734 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1734 24 . . . 5180 1735 1 On on IN 5180 1735 2 the the DT 5180 1735 3 other other JJ 5180 1735 4 hand hand NN 5180 1735 5 , , , 5180 1735 6 interpreting interpret VBG 5180 1735 7 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1735 8 's 's POS 5180 1735 9 disabling disable VBG 5180 1735 10 provisions provision NNS 5180 1735 11 to to TO 5180 1735 12 permit permit VB 5180 1735 13 disabling disable VBG 5180 1735 14 for for IN 5180 1735 15 access access NN 5180 1735 16 to to IN 5180 1735 17 all all DT 5180 1735 18 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1735 19 protected protect VBN 5180 1735 20 speech speech NN 5180 1735 21 presents present NNS 5180 1735 22 several several JJ 5180 1735 23 problems problem NNS 5180 1735 24 . . . 5180 1736 1 First first RB 5180 1736 2 , , , 5180 1736 3 if if IN 5180 1736 4 " " `` 5180 1736 5 other other JJ 5180 1736 6 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1736 7 purpose purpose NN 5180 1736 8 " " `` 5180 1736 9 means mean VBZ 5180 1736 10 " " '' 5180 1736 11 for for IN 5180 1736 12 the the DT 5180 1736 13 purpose purpose NN 5180 1736 14 of of IN 5180 1736 15 accessing access VBG 5180 1736 16 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1736 17 protected protect VBN 5180 1736 18 speech speech NN 5180 1736 19 , , , 5180 1736 20 " " `` 5180 1736 21 then then RB 5180 1736 22 this this DT 5180 1736 23 reading reading NN 5180 1736 24 renders render VBZ 5180 1736 25 superfluous superfluous JJ 5180 1736 26 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1736 27 's 's POS 5180 1736 28 reference reference NN 5180 1736 29 to to TO 5180 1736 30 " " `` 5180 1736 31 bona bona VB 5180 1736 32 fide fide JJ 5180 1736 33 research research NN 5180 1736 34 , , , 5180 1736 35 " " '' 5180 1736 36 which which WDT 5180 1736 37 clearly clearly RB 5180 1736 38 contemplates contemplate VBZ 5180 1736 39 some some DT 5180 1736 40 purpose purpose NN 5180 1736 41 beyond beyond IN 5180 1736 42 simply simply RB 5180 1736 43 accessing access VBG 5180 1736 44 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1736 45 protected protect VBN 5180 1736 46 speech speech NN 5180 1736 47 . . . 5180 1737 1 In in IN 5180 1737 2 general general JJ 5180 1737 3 , , , 5180 1737 4 " " '' 5180 1737 5 courts court NNS 5180 1737 6 should should MD 5180 1737 7 disfavor disfavor VB 5180 1737 8 interpretations interpretation NNS 5180 1737 9 of of IN 5180 1737 10 statutes statute NNS 5180 1737 11 that that WDT 5180 1737 12 render render VBP 5180 1737 13 language language NN 5180 1737 14 superfluous superfluous JJ 5180 1737 15 . . . 5180 1737 16 " " '' 5180 1738 1 Conn. Connecticut NNP 5180 1738 2 Nat'l Nat'l NNP 5180 1738 3 Bank Bank NNP 5180 1738 4 v. v. IN 5180 1738 5 Germain Germain NNP 5180 1738 6 , , , 5180 1738 7 503 503 CD 5180 1738 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1738 9 249 249 CD 5180 1738 10 , , , 5180 1738 11 253 253 CD 5180 1738 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1738 13 1992 1992 CD 5180 1738 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1738 15 . . . 5180 1739 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 5180 1739 2 , , , 5180 1739 3 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1739 4 is be VBZ 5180 1739 5 clearly clearly RB 5180 1739 6 capable capable JJ 5180 1739 7 of of IN 5180 1739 8 explicitly explicitly RB 5180 1739 9 specifying specify VBG 5180 1739 10 categories category NNS 5180 1739 11 of of IN 5180 1739 12 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1739 13 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1739 14 speech speech NN 5180 1739 15 , , , 5180 1739 16 as as IN 5180 1739 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1739 18 did do VBD 5180 1739 19 when when WRB 5180 1739 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1739 21 drafted draft VBD 5180 1739 22 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1739 23 to to TO 5180 1739 24 require require VB 5180 1739 25 funding funding NN 5180 1739 26 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1739 27 to to TO 5180 1739 28 use use VB 5180 1739 29 technology technology NN 5180 1739 30 protection protection NN 5180 1739 31 measures measure NNS 5180 1739 32 that that WDT 5180 1739 33 protect protect VBP 5180 1739 34 against against IN 5180 1739 35 visual visual JJ 5180 1739 36 depictions depiction NNS 5180 1739 37 that that WDT 5180 1739 38 are be VBP 5180 1739 39 " " `` 5180 1739 40 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1739 41 , , , 5180 1739 42 " " '' 5180 1739 43 " " `` 5180 1739 44 child child NN 5180 1739 45 pornography pornography NN 5180 1739 46 , , , 5180 1739 47 " " '' 5180 1739 48 or or CC 5180 1739 49 , , , 5180 1739 50 in in IN 5180 1739 51 the the DT 5180 1739 52 case case NN 5180 1739 53 of of IN 5180 1739 54 minors minor NNS 5180 1739 55 , , , 5180 1739 56 " " '' 5180 1739 57 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1739 58 to to IN 5180 1739 59 minors minor NNS 5180 1739 60 . . . 5180 1739 61 " " '' 5180 1740 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1740 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1740 3 . . . 5180 1741 1 1712(a 1712(a LS 5180 1741 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1741 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1741 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1741 5 at at IN 5180 1741 6 20 20 CD 5180 1741 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1742 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1742 2 . . . 5180 1743 1 9134(f)(1)(A)(i)(I)-(III 9134(f)(1)(a)(i)(i)-(iii LS 5180 1743 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1743 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1743 4 ; ; : 5180 1743 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1743 6 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1743 7 . . . 5180 1744 1 1721(b 1721(b LS 5180 1744 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1744 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1744 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1744 5 at at IN 5180 1744 6 47 47 CD 5180 1744 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1745 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1745 2 . . . 5180 1746 1 254(h)(6)(B)(i)(I)-(III 254(h)(6)(b)(i)(i)-(iii LS 5180 1746 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1746 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1746 4 . . . 5180 1747 1 If if IN 5180 1747 2 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1747 3 intended intend VBD 5180 1747 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1747 5 's 's POS 5180 1747 6 disabling disable VBG 5180 1747 7 provisions provision NNS 5180 1747 8 simply simply RB 5180 1747 9 to to TO 5180 1747 10 permit permit VB 5180 1747 11 libraries library NNS 5180 1747 12 to to TO 5180 1747 13 disable disable VB 5180 1747 14 the the DT 5180 1747 15 filters filter NNS 5180 1747 16 to to TO 5180 1747 17 allow allow VB 5180 1747 18 access access NN 5180 1747 19 to to IN 5180 1747 20 speech speech NN 5180 1747 21 falling fall VBG 5180 1747 22 outside outside RB 5180 1747 23 of of IN 5180 1747 24 these these DT 5180 1747 25 categories category NNS 5180 1747 26 , , , 5180 1747 27 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1747 28 could could MD 5180 1747 29 have have VB 5180 1747 30 drafted draft VBN 5180 1747 31 the the DT 5180 1747 32 disabling disable VBG 5180 1747 33 provisions provision NNS 5180 1747 34 with with IN 5180 1747 35 greater great JJR 5180 1747 36 precision precision NN 5180 1747 37 , , , 5180 1747 38 expressly expressly RB 5180 1747 39 permitting permit VBG 5180 1747 40 libraries library NNS 5180 1747 41 to to TO 5180 1747 42 disable disable VB 5180 1747 43 the the DT 5180 1747 44 filters filter NNS 5180 1747 45 " " `` 5180 1747 46 to to TO 5180 1747 47 enable enable VB 5180 1747 48 access access NN 5180 1747 49 for for IN 5180 1747 50 any any DT 5180 1747 51 material material NN 5180 1747 52 that that WDT 5180 1747 53 is be VBZ 5180 1747 54 not not RB 5180 1747 55 obscene obscene JJ 5180 1747 56 , , , 5180 1747 57 child child NN 5180 1747 58 pornography pornography NN 5180 1747 59 , , , 5180 1747 60 or or CC 5180 1747 61 in in IN 5180 1747 62 the the DT 5180 1747 63 case case NN 5180 1747 64 of of IN 5180 1747 65 minors minor NNS 5180 1747 66 , , , 5180 1747 67 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1747 68 to to IN 5180 1747 69 minors minor NNS 5180 1747 70 , , , 5180 1747 71 " " '' 5180 1747 72 rather rather RB 5180 1747 73 than than IN 5180 1747 74 " " `` 5180 1747 75 to to TO 5180 1747 76 enable enable VB 5180 1747 77 access access NN 5180 1747 78 for for IN 5180 1747 79 bona bona FW 5180 1747 80 fide fide JJ 5180 1747 81 research research NN 5180 1747 82 or or CC 5180 1747 83 other other JJ 5180 1747 84 lawful lawful JJ 5180 1747 85 purposes purpose NNS 5180 1747 86 , , , 5180 1747 87 " " '' 5180 1747 88 which which WDT 5180 1747 89 is be VBZ 5180 1747 90 the the DT 5180 1747 91 language language NN 5180 1747 92 that that WDT 5180 1747 93 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1747 94 actually actually RB 5180 1747 95 chose choose VBD 5180 1747 96 . . . 5180 1748 1 At at IN 5180 1748 2 bottom bottom NN 5180 1748 3 , , , 5180 1748 4 however however RB 5180 1748 5 , , , 5180 1748 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1748 7 need need VBP 5180 1748 8 not not RB 5180 1748 9 definitively definitively RB 5180 1748 10 construe construe VB 5180 1748 11 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1748 12 's 's POS 5180 1748 13 disabling disable VBG 5180 1748 14 provisions provision NNS 5180 1748 15 , , , 5180 1748 16 since since IN 5180 1748 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1748 18 suffices suffice VBZ 5180 1748 19 in in IN 5180 1748 20 this this DT 5180 1748 21 case case NN 5180 1748 22 to to TO 5180 1748 23 assume assume VB 5180 1748 24 without without IN 5180 1748 25 deciding decide VBG 5180 1748 26 that that IN 5180 1748 27 the the DT 5180 1748 28 disabling disable VBG 5180 1748 29 provisions provision NNS 5180 1748 30 permit permit VBP 5180 1748 31 libraries library NNS 5180 1748 32 to to TO 5180 1748 33 allow allow VB 5180 1748 34 a a DT 5180 1748 35 patron patron NN 5180 1748 36 access access NN 5180 1748 37 to to IN 5180 1748 38 any any DT 5180 1748 39 speech speech NN 5180 1748 40 that that WDT 5180 1748 41 is be VBZ 5180 1748 42 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1748 43 protected protect VBN 5180 1748 44 with with IN 5180 1748 45 respect respect NN 5180 1748 46 to to IN 5180 1748 47 that that DT 5180 1748 48 patron patron NN 5180 1748 49 . . . 5180 1749 1 Although although IN 5180 1749 2 this this DT 5180 1749 3 interpretation interpretation NN 5180 1749 4 raises raise VBZ 5180 1749 5 fewer few JJR 5180 1749 6 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 1749 7 problems problem NNS 5180 1749 8 than than IN 5180 1749 9 a a DT 5180 1749 10 narrower narrow JJR 5180 1749 11 interpretation interpretation NN 5180 1749 12 , , , 5180 1749 13 this this DT 5180 1749 14 interpretation interpretation NN 5180 1749 15 of of IN 5180 1749 16 the the DT 5180 1749 17 disabling disable VBG 5180 1749 18 provisions provision NNS 5180 1749 19 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1749 20 fails fail VBZ 5180 1749 21 to to TO 5180 1749 22 cure cure VB 5180 1749 23 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1749 24 's 's POS 5180 1749 25 lack lack NN 5180 1749 26 of of IN 5180 1749 27 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1749 28 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1749 29 . . . 5180 1750 1 Even even RB 5180 1750 2 if if IN 5180 1750 3 the the DT 5180 1750 4 disabling disable VBG 5180 1750 5 provisions provision NNS 5180 1750 6 permit permit VBP 5180 1750 7 public public JJ 5180 1750 8 libraries library NNS 5180 1750 9 to to TO 5180 1750 10 allow allow VB 5180 1750 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 1750 12 to to IN 5180 1750 13 access access NN 5180 1750 14 speech speech NN 5180 1750 15 that that WDT 5180 1750 16 is be VBZ 5180 1750 17 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1750 18 protected protect VBN 5180 1750 19 yet yet RB 5180 1750 20 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1750 21 blocked block VBN 5180 1750 22 by by IN 5180 1750 23 the the DT 5180 1750 24 software software NN 5180 1750 25 filters filter NNS 5180 1750 26 , , , 5180 1750 27 the the DT 5180 1750 28 requirement requirement NN 5180 1750 29 that that IN 5180 1750 30 library library NN 5180 1750 31 patrons patron NNS 5180 1750 32 ask ask VBP 5180 1750 33 a a DT 5180 1750 34 state state NN 5180 1750 35 actor actor NN 5180 1750 36 's 's POS 5180 1750 37 permission permission NN 5180 1750 38 to to TO 5180 1750 39 access access VB 5180 1750 40 disfavored disfavor VBD 5180 1750 41 content content NN 5180 1750 42 violates violate VBZ 5180 1750 43 the the DT 5180 1750 44 First First NNP 5180 1750 45 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1750 46 . . . 5180 1751 1 The the DT 5180 1751 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1751 3 Court Court NNP 5180 1751 4 has have VBZ 5180 1751 5 made make VBN 5180 1751 6 clear clear JJ 5180 1751 7 that that IN 5180 1751 8 content content NN 5180 1751 9 - - HYPH 5180 1751 10 based base VBN 5180 1751 11 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1751 12 that that WDT 5180 1751 13 require require VBP 5180 1751 14 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1751 15 to to TO 5180 1751 16 identify identify VB 5180 1751 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 1751 18 before before IN 5180 1751 19 being be VBG 5180 1751 20 granted grant VBN 5180 1751 21 access access NN 5180 1751 22 to to IN 5180 1751 23 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1751 24 speech speech NN 5180 1751 25 are be VBP 5180 1751 26 subject subject JJ 5180 1751 27 to to IN 5180 1751 28 no no DT 5180 1751 29 less less JJR 5180 1751 30 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1751 31 than than IN 5180 1751 32 outright outright JJ 5180 1751 33 bans ban NNS 5180 1751 34 on on IN 5180 1751 35 access access NN 5180 1751 36 to to IN 5180 1751 37 such such JJ 5180 1751 38 speech speech NN 5180 1751 39 . . . 5180 1752 1 In in IN 5180 1752 2 Lamont Lamont NNP 5180 1752 3 v. v. IN 5180 1752 4 Postmaster Postmaster NNP 5180 1752 5 General General NNP 5180 1752 6 , , , 5180 1752 7 381 381 CD 5180 1752 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1752 9 301 301 CD 5180 1752 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1752 11 1965 1965 CD 5180 1752 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1752 13 , , , 5180 1752 14 for for IN 5180 1752 15 example example NN 5180 1752 16 , , , 5180 1752 17 the the DT 5180 1752 18 Court Court NNP 5180 1752 19 held hold VBD 5180 1752 20 that that IN 5180 1752 21 a a DT 5180 1752 22 federal federal JJ 5180 1752 23 statute statute NN 5180 1752 24 requiring require VBG 5180 1752 25 the the DT 5180 1752 26 Postmaster Postmaster NNP 5180 1752 27 General General NNP 5180 1752 28 to to TO 5180 1752 29 halt halt VB 5180 1752 30 delivery delivery NN 5180 1752 31 of of IN 5180 1752 32 communist communist JJ 5180 1752 33 propaganda propaganda NN 5180 1752 34 unless unless IN 5180 1752 35 the the DT 5180 1752 36 addressee addressee NN 5180 1752 37 affirmatively affirmatively RB 5180 1752 38 requested request VBD 5180 1752 39 the the DT 5180 1752 40 material material NN 5180 1752 41 violated violate VBD 5180 1752 42 the the DT 5180 1752 43 First First NNP 5180 1752 44 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1752 45 : : : 5180 1752 46 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1752 47 rest rest VBP 5180 1752 48 on on IN 5180 1752 49 the the DT 5180 1752 50 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1752 51 ground ground NN 5180 1752 52 that that IN 5180 1752 53 the the DT 5180 1752 54 addressee addressee NN 5180 1752 55 in in IN 5180 1752 56 order order NN 5180 1752 57 to to TO 5180 1752 58 receive receive VB 5180 1752 59 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1752 60 mail mail NN 5180 1752 61 must must MD 5180 1752 62 request request VB 5180 1752 63 in in IN 5180 1752 64 writing writing NN 5180 1752 65 that that IN 5180 1752 66 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1752 67 be be VB 5180 1752 68 delivered deliver VBN 5180 1752 69 . . . 5180 1753 1 This this DT 5180 1753 2 amounts amount VBZ 5180 1753 3 in in IN 5180 1753 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1753 5 judgment judgment NN 5180 1753 6 to to IN 5180 1753 7 an an DT 5180 1753 8 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1753 9 abridgment abridgment NN 5180 1753 10 of of IN 5180 1753 11 the the DT 5180 1753 12 addressee addressee NN 5180 1753 13 's 's POS 5180 1753 14 First First NNP 5180 1753 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1753 16 rights right NNS 5180 1753 17 . . . 5180 1754 1 The the DT 5180 1754 2 addressee addressee NN 5180 1754 3 carries carry VBZ 5180 1754 4 an an DT 5180 1754 5 affirmative affirmative JJ 5180 1754 6 obligation obligation NN 5180 1754 7 which which WDT 5180 1754 8 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1754 9 do do VBP 5180 1754 10 not not RB 5180 1754 11 think think VB 5180 1754 12 the the DT 5180 1754 13 Government Government NNP 5180 1754 14 may may MD 5180 1754 15 impose impose VB 5180 1754 16 on on IN 5180 1754 17 him -PRON- PRP 5180 1754 18 . . . 5180 1755 1 This this DT 5180 1755 2 requirement requirement NN 5180 1755 3 is be VBZ 5180 1755 4 almost almost RB 5180 1755 5 certain certain JJ 5180 1755 6 to to TO 5180 1755 7 have have VB 5180 1755 8 a a DT 5180 1755 9 deterrent deterrent JJ 5180 1755 10 effect effect NN 5180 1755 11 , , , 5180 1755 12 especially especially RB 5180 1755 13 as as IN 5180 1755 14 respects respect VBZ 5180 1755 15 those those DT 5180 1755 16 who who WP 5180 1755 17 have have VBP 5180 1755 18 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 1755 19 positions position NNS 5180 1755 20 . . . 5180 1756 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1757 1 at at IN 5180 1757 2 307 307 CD 5180 1757 3 . . . 5180 1758 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1758 2 , , , 5180 1758 3 in in IN 5180 1758 4 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1758 5 Area Area NNP 5180 1758 6 Educational Educational NNP 5180 1758 7 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS 5180 1758 8 Consortium Consortium NNP 5180 1758 9 , , , 5180 1758 10 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1758 11 v. v. IN 5180 1758 12 FCC FCC NNP 5180 1758 13 , , , 5180 1758 14 518 518 CD 5180 1758 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1758 16 727 727 CD 5180 1758 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1758 18 1996 1996 CD 5180 1758 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1758 20 , , , 5180 1758 21 the the DT 5180 1758 22 Court Court NNP 5180 1758 23 held hold VBD 5180 1758 24 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1758 25 a a DT 5180 1758 26 federal federal JJ 5180 1758 27 law law NN 5180 1758 28 requiring require VBG 5180 1758 29 cable cable NN 5180 1758 30 operators operator NNS 5180 1758 31 to to TO 5180 1758 32 allow allow VB 5180 1758 33 access access NN 5180 1758 34 to to IN 5180 1758 35 patently patently RB 5180 1758 36 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1758 37 , , , 5180 1758 38 sexually sexually RB 5180 1758 39 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1758 40 programming programming NN 5180 1758 41 only only RB 5180 1758 42 to to IN 5180 1758 43 those those DT 5180 1758 44 subscribers subscriber NNS 5180 1758 45 who who WP 5180 1758 46 requested request VBD 5180 1758 47 access access NN 5180 1758 48 to to IN 5180 1758 49 the the DT 5180 1758 50 programming programming NN 5180 1758 51 in in IN 5180 1758 52 advance advance NN 5180 1758 53 and and CC 5180 1758 54 in in IN 5180 1758 55 writing writing NN 5180 1758 56 . . . 5180 1759 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1760 1 at at IN 5180 1760 2 732 732 CD 5180 1760 3 - - SYM 5180 1760 4 33 33 CD 5180 1760 5 . . . 5180 1761 1 As as IN 5180 1761 2 in in IN 5180 1761 3 Lamont Lamont NNP 5180 1761 4 , , , 5180 1761 5 the the DT 5180 1761 6 Court Court NNP 5180 1761 7 in in IN 5180 1761 8 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1761 9 reasoned reason VBD 5180 1761 10 that that IN 5180 1761 11 this this DT 5180 1761 12 content content NN 5180 1761 13 - - HYPH 5180 1761 14 based base VBN 5180 1761 15 restriction restriction NN 5180 1761 16 on on IN 5180 1761 17 recipients recipient NNS 5180 1761 18 ' ' POS 5180 1761 19 access access NN 5180 1761 20 to to IN 5180 1761 21 speech speech NN 5180 1761 22 would would MD 5180 1761 23 have have VB 5180 1761 24 an an DT 5180 1761 25 impermissible impermissible JJ 5180 1761 26 chilling chilling JJ 5180 1761 27 effect effect NN 5180 1761 28 : : : 5180 1761 29 " " `` 5180 1761 30 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1761 31 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1761 32 written write VBN 5180 1761 33 notice notice NN 5180 1761 34 requirement requirement NN 5180 1761 35 will will MD 5180 1761 36 . . . 5180 1762 1 . . . 5180 1763 1 . . . 5180 1764 1 restrict restrict VB 5180 1764 2 viewing view VBG 5180 1764 3 by by IN 5180 1764 4 subscribers subscriber NNS 5180 1764 5 who who WP 5180 1764 6 fear fear VBP 5180 1764 7 for for IN 5180 1764 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1764 9 reputations reputation NNS 5180 1764 10 should should MD 5180 1764 11 the the DT 5180 1764 12 operator operator NN 5180 1764 13 , , , 5180 1764 14 advertently advertently RB 5180 1764 15 or or CC 5180 1764 16 inadvertently inadvertently RB 5180 1764 17 , , , 5180 1764 18 disclose disclose VB 5180 1764 19 the the DT 5180 1764 20 list list NN 5180 1764 21 of of IN 5180 1764 22 those those DT 5180 1764 23 who who WP 5180 1764 24 wish wish VBP 5180 1764 25 to to TO 5180 1764 26 watch watch VB 5180 1764 27 the the DT 5180 1764 28 ' ' `` 5180 1764 29 patently patently RB 5180 1764 30 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1764 31 ' ' POS 5180 1764 32 channel channel NN 5180 1764 33 . . . 5180 1764 34 " " '' 5180 1765 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 1766 1 at at IN 5180 1766 2 754 754 CD 5180 1766 3 ; ; : 5180 1766 4 see see VB 5180 1766 5 also also RB 5180 1766 6 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1766 7 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1766 8 . . . 5180 1766 9 , , , 5180 1766 10 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1766 11 v. v. CC 5180 1766 12 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 5180 1766 13 Pub Pub NNP 5180 1766 14 . . . 5180 1767 1 Util util IN 5180 1767 2 . . . 5180 1768 1 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 1768 2 , , , 5180 1768 3 896 896 CD 5180 1768 4 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 1768 5 780 780 CD 5180 1768 6 , , , 5180 1768 7 785 785 CD 5180 1768 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1768 9 3d 3d NNP 5180 1768 10 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1768 11 . . . 5180 1769 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 1769 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1769 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1769 4 considering consider VBG 5180 1769 5 the the DT 5180 1769 6 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 1769 7 of of IN 5180 1769 8 a a DT 5180 1769 9 state state NN 5180 1769 10 law law NN 5180 1769 11 requiring require VBG 5180 1769 12 telephone telephone NN 5180 1769 13 users user NNS 5180 1769 14 who who WP 5180 1769 15 wish wish VBP 5180 1769 16 to to TO 5180 1769 17 listen listen VB 5180 1769 18 to to IN 5180 1769 19 sexually sexually RB 5180 1769 20 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1769 21 telephone telephone NN 5180 1769 22 messages message NNS 5180 1769 23 to to TO 5180 1769 24 apply apply VB 5180 1769 25 for for IN 5180 1769 26 an an DT 5180 1769 27 access access NN 5180 1769 28 code code NN 5180 1769 29 to to TO 5180 1769 30 receive receive VB 5180 1769 31 such such JJ 5180 1769 32 messages message NNS 5180 1769 33 , , , 5180 1769 34 and and CC 5180 1769 35 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 1769 36 the the DT 5180 1769 37 law law NN 5180 1769 38 on on IN 5180 1769 39 the the DT 5180 1769 40 ground ground NN 5180 1769 41 that that IN 5180 1769 42 " " `` 5180 1769 43 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1769 44 a]n a]n NNP 5180 1769 45 identification identification NN 5180 1769 46 requirement requirement NN 5180 1769 47 exerts exert VBZ 5180 1769 48 an an DT 5180 1769 49 inhibitory inhibitory JJ 5180 1769 50 effect effect NN 5180 1769 51 " " '' 5180 1769 52 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1769 53 . . . 5180 1770 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1770 2 believe believe VBP 5180 1770 3 that that IN 5180 1770 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1770 5 's 's POS 5180 1770 6 disabling disable VBG 5180 1770 7 provisions provision NNS 5180 1770 8 suffer suffer VBP 5180 1770 9 from from IN 5180 1770 10 the the DT 5180 1770 11 same same JJ 5180 1770 12 flaws flaw NNS 5180 1770 13 as as IN 5180 1770 14 the the DT 5180 1770 15 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1770 16 on on IN 5180 1770 17 speech speech NN 5180 1770 18 in in IN 5180 1770 19 Lamont Lamont NNP 5180 1770 20 , , , 5180 1770 21 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1770 22 , , , 5180 1770 23 and and CC 5180 1770 24 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1770 25 Associates Associates NNPS 5180 1770 26 . . . 5180 1771 1 By by IN 5180 1771 2 requiring require VBG 5180 1771 3 library library NN 5180 1771 4 patrons patron NNS 5180 1771 5 affirmatively affirmatively RB 5180 1771 6 to to TO 5180 1771 7 request request VB 5180 1771 8 permission permission NN 5180 1771 9 to to TO 5180 1771 10 access access VB 5180 1771 11 certain certain JJ 5180 1771 12 speech speech NN 5180 1771 13 singled single VBN 5180 1771 14 out out RP 5180 1771 15 on on IN 5180 1771 16 the the DT 5180 1771 17 basis basis NN 5180 1771 18 of of IN 5180 1771 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1771 20 content content NN 5180 1771 21 , , , 5180 1771 22 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1771 23 will will MD 5180 1771 24 deter deter VB 5180 1771 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 1771 26 from from IN 5180 1771 27 requesting request VBG 5180 1771 28 that that IN 5180 1771 29 a a DT 5180 1771 30 library library NN 5180 1771 31 disable disable JJ 5180 1771 32 filters filter NNS 5180 1771 33 to to TO 5180 1771 34 allow allow VB 5180 1771 35 the the DT 5180 1771 36 patron patron NN 5180 1771 37 to to TO 5180 1771 38 access access VB 5180 1771 39 speech speech NN 5180 1771 40 that that WDT 5180 1771 41 is be VBZ 5180 1771 42 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1771 43 protected protect VBN 5180 1771 44 , , , 5180 1771 45 yet yet CC 5180 1771 46 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 1771 47 in in IN 5180 1771 48 nature nature NN 5180 1771 49 . . . 5180 1772 1 As as IN 5180 1772 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1772 3 explain explain VBP 5180 1772 4 above above RB 5180 1772 5 , , , 5180 1772 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1772 7 find find VBP 5180 1772 8 that that IN 5180 1772 9 library library NN 5180 1772 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 1772 11 will will MD 5180 1772 12 be be VB 5180 1772 13 reluctant reluctant JJ 5180 1772 14 and and CC 5180 1772 15 hence hence RB 5180 1772 16 unlikely unlikely JJ 5180 1772 17 to to TO 5180 1772 18 ask ask VB 5180 1772 19 permission permission NN 5180 1772 20 to to IN 5180 1772 21 access access NN 5180 1772 22 , , , 5180 1772 23 for for IN 5180 1772 24 example example NN 5180 1772 25 , , , 5180 1772 26 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1772 27 blocked block VBN 5180 1772 28 Web web NN 5180 1772 29 sites site NNS 5180 1772 30 containing contain VBG 5180 1772 31 information information NN 5180 1772 32 about about IN 5180 1772 33 sexually sexually RB 5180 1772 34 transmitted transmit VBN 5180 1772 35 diseases disease NNS 5180 1772 36 , , , 5180 1772 37 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1772 38 identity identity NN 5180 1772 39 , , , 5180 1772 40 certain certain JJ 5180 1772 41 medical medical JJ 5180 1772 42 conditions condition NNS 5180 1772 43 , , , 5180 1772 44 and and CC 5180 1772 45 a a DT 5180 1772 46 variety variety NN 5180 1772 47 of of IN 5180 1772 48 other other JJ 5180 1772 49 topics topic NNS 5180 1772 50 . . . 5180 1773 1 As as IN 5180 1773 2 discussed discuss VBN 5180 1773 3 in in IN 5180 1773 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1773 5 findings finding NNS 5180 1773 6 of of IN 5180 1773 7 fact fact NN 5180 1773 8 , , , 5180 1773 9 software software NN 5180 1773 10 filters filter NNS 5180 1773 11 block block VBP 5180 1773 12 access access NN 5180 1773 13 to to IN 5180 1773 14 a a DT 5180 1773 15 wide wide JJ 5180 1773 16 range range NN 5180 1773 17 of of IN 5180 1773 18 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1773 19 protected protect VBN 5180 1773 20 speech speech NN 5180 1773 21 , , , 5180 1773 22 including include VBG 5180 1773 23 Web web NN 5180 1773 24 sites site NNS 5180 1773 25 containing contain VBG 5180 1773 26 information information NN 5180 1773 27 that that WDT 5180 1773 28 individuals individual NNS 5180 1773 29 are be VBP 5180 1773 30 likely likely JJ 5180 1773 31 to to TO 5180 1773 32 wish wish VB 5180 1773 33 to to TO 5180 1773 34 access access VB 5180 1773 35 anonymously anonymously RB 5180 1773 36 . . . 5180 1774 1 That that DT 5180 1774 2 library library NN 5180 1774 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 1774 4 will will MD 5180 1774 5 be be VB 5180 1774 6 deterred deter VBN 5180 1774 7 from from IN 5180 1774 8 asking ask VBG 5180 1774 9 permission permission NN 5180 1774 10 to to IN 5180 1774 11 access access NN 5180 1774 12 Web web NN 5180 1774 13 sites site NNS 5180 1774 14 containing contain VBG 5180 1774 15 certain certain JJ 5180 1774 16 kinds kind NNS 5180 1774 17 of of IN 5180 1774 18 content content NN 5180 1774 19 is be VBZ 5180 1774 20 evident evident JJ 5180 1774 21 as as IN 5180 1774 22 a a DT 5180 1774 23 matter matter NN 5180 1774 24 of of IN 5180 1774 25 common common JJ 5180 1774 26 sense sense NN 5180 1774 27 as as RB 5180 1774 28 well well RB 5180 1774 29 as as IN 5180 1774 30 amply amply RB 5180 1774 31 borne bear VBN 5180 1774 32 out out RP 5180 1774 33 by by IN 5180 1774 34 the the DT 5180 1774 35 trial trial NN 5180 1774 36 record record NN 5180 1774 37 . . . 5180 1775 1 Plaintiff Plaintiff NNP 5180 1775 2 Emmalyn Emmalyn NNP 5180 1775 3 Rood Rood NNP 5180 1775 4 , , , 5180 1775 5 who who WP 5180 1775 6 used use VBD 5180 1775 7 the the DT 5180 1775 8 Internet internet NN 5180 1775 9 at at IN 5180 1775 10 a a DT 5180 1775 11 public public JJ 5180 1775 12 library library NN 5180 1775 13 to to TO 5180 1775 14 research research VB 5180 1775 15 information information NN 5180 1775 16 relating relate VBG 5180 1775 17 to to IN 5180 1775 18 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1775 19 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1775 20 identity identity NN 5180 1775 21 , , , 5180 1775 22 testified testify VBD 5180 1775 23 that that IN 5180 1775 24 she -PRON- PRP 5180 1775 25 would would MD 5180 1775 26 have have VB 5180 1775 27 been be VBN 5180 1775 28 unwilling unwilling JJ 5180 1775 29 as as IN 5180 1775 30 a a DT 5180 1775 31 young young JJ 5180 1775 32 teen teen NN 5180 1775 33 to to TO 5180 1775 34 ask ask VB 5180 1775 35 a a DT 5180 1775 36 librarian librarian NN 5180 1775 37 to to TO 5180 1775 38 disable disable VB 5180 1775 39 filtering filter VBG 5180 1775 40 software software NN 5180 1775 41 so so IN 5180 1775 42 that that IN 5180 1775 43 she -PRON- PRP 5180 1775 44 could could MD 5180 1775 45 view view VB 5180 1775 46 materials material NNS 5180 1775 47 concerning concern VBG 5180 1775 48 gay gay NN 5180 1775 49 and and CC 5180 1775 50 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 1775 51 issues issue NNS 5180 1775 52 . . . 5180 1776 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1776 2 , , , 5180 1776 3 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 1776 4 Mark Mark NNP 5180 1776 5 Brown Brown NNP 5180 1776 6 stated state VBD 5180 1776 7 that that IN 5180 1776 8 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1776 9 would would MD 5180 1776 10 have have VB 5180 1776 11 been be VBN 5180 1776 12 too too RB 5180 1776 13 embarrassed embarrassed JJ 5180 1776 14 to to TO 5180 1776 15 ask ask VB 5180 1776 16 a a DT 5180 1776 17 librarian librarian NN 5180 1776 18 to to TO 5180 1776 19 disable disable VB 5180 1776 20 filtering filter VBG 5180 1776 21 software software NN 5180 1776 22 if if IN 5180 1776 23 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1776 24 had have VBD 5180 1776 25 impeded impede VBN 5180 1776 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1776 27 ability ability NN 5180 1776 28 to to TO 5180 1776 29 research research VB 5180 1776 30 surgery surgery NN 5180 1776 31 options option NNS 5180 1776 32 for for IN 5180 1776 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1776 34 mother mother NN 5180 1776 35 when when WRB 5180 1776 36 she -PRON- PRP 5180 1776 37 was be VBD 5180 1776 38 treated treat VBN 5180 1776 39 for for IN 5180 1776 40 breast breast NN 5180 1776 41 cancer cancer NN 5180 1776 42 . . . 5180 1777 1 As as IN 5180 1777 2 explained explain VBN 5180 1777 3 in in IN 5180 1777 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1777 5 findings finding NNS 5180 1777 6 of of IN 5180 1777 7 fact fact NN 5180 1777 8 , , , 5180 1777 9 see see VB 5180 1777 10 supra supra NNP 5180 1777 11 at at IN 5180 1777 12 Subsection Subsection NNP 5180 1777 13 II.D.2.b II.D.2.b NNP 5180 1777 14 , , , 5180 1777 15 the the DT 5180 1777 16 reluctance reluctance NN 5180 1777 17 of of IN 5180 1777 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 1777 19 to to TO 5180 1777 20 request request VB 5180 1777 21 permission permission NN 5180 1777 22 to to IN 5180 1777 23 access access NN 5180 1777 24 Web web NN 5180 1777 25 sites site NNS 5180 1777 26 that that WDT 5180 1777 27 were be VBD 5180 1777 28 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1777 29 blocked block VBN 5180 1777 30 is be VBZ 5180 1777 31 further further RB 5180 1777 32 established establish VBN 5180 1777 33 by by IN 5180 1777 34 the the DT 5180 1777 35 low low JJ 5180 1777 36 number number NN 5180 1777 37 of of IN 5180 1777 38 patron patron NN 5180 1777 39 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 1777 40 requests request NNS 5180 1777 41 , , , 5180 1777 42 relative relative JJ 5180 1777 43 to to IN 5180 1777 44 the the DT 5180 1777 45 number number NN 5180 1777 46 of of IN 5180 1777 47 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1777 48 blocked block VBN 5180 1777 49 Web web NN 5180 1777 50 sites site NNS 5180 1777 51 , , , 5180 1777 52 in in IN 5180 1777 53 those those DT 5180 1777 54 public public JJ 5180 1777 55 libraries library NNS 5180 1777 56 that that WDT 5180 1777 57 use use VBP 5180 1777 58 software software NN 5180 1777 59 filters filter NNS 5180 1777 60 and and CC 5180 1777 61 permit permit NN 5180 1777 62 patrons patron NNS 5180 1777 63 to to TO 5180 1777 64 request request VB 5180 1777 65 access access NN 5180 1777 66 to to IN 5180 1777 67 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 1777 68 blocked block VBN 5180 1777 69 Web web NN 5180 1777 70 sites site NNS 5180 1777 71 . . . 5180 1778 1 Cf cf NN 5180 1778 2 . . . 5180 1779 1 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1779 2 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1779 3 . . . 5180 1779 4 , , , 5180 1779 5 896 896 CD 5180 1779 6 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 1779 7 at at IN 5180 1779 8 786 786 CD 5180 1779 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1779 10 " " `` 5180 1779 11 On on IN 5180 1779 12 the the DT 5180 1779 13 record record NN 5180 1779 14 before before IN 5180 1779 15 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1779 16 , , , 5180 1779 17 there there EX 5180 1779 18 is be VBZ 5180 1779 19 more more JJR 5180 1779 20 than than IN 5180 1779 21 enough enough JJ 5180 1779 22 evidence evidence NN 5180 1779 23 to to TO 5180 1779 24 support support VB 5180 1779 25 the the DT 5180 1779 26 district district NN 5180 1779 27 court court NN 5180 1779 28 's 's POS 5180 1779 29 finding finding NN 5180 1779 30 that that IN 5180 1779 31 access access NN 5180 1779 32 codes code NNS 5180 1779 33 will will MD 5180 1779 34 chill chill VB 5180 1779 35 the the DT 5180 1779 36 exercise exercise NN 5180 1779 37 of of IN 5180 1779 38 some some DT 5180 1779 39 users user NNS 5180 1779 40 ' ' POS 5180 1779 41 right right NN 5180 1779 42 to to TO 5180 1779 43 hear hear VB 5180 1779 44 protected protect VBN 5180 1779 45 communications communication NNS 5180 1779 46 . . . 5180 1779 47 " " '' 5180 1779 48 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1779 49 . . . 5180 1780 1 To to TO 5180 1780 2 be be VB 5180 1780 3 sure sure JJ 5180 1780 4 , , , 5180 1780 5 the the DT 5180 1780 6 government government NN 5180 1780 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 5180 1780 8 that that IN 5180 1780 9 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1780 10 is be VBZ 5180 1780 11 possible possible JJ 5180 1780 12 for for IN 5180 1780 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1780 14 to to TO 5180 1780 15 permit permit VB 5180 1780 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1780 17 to to TO 5180 1780 18 request request VB 5180 1780 19 anonymously anonymously RB 5180 1780 20 that that IN 5180 1780 21 a a DT 5180 1780 22 particular particular JJ 5180 1780 23 Web web NN 5180 1780 24 site site NN 5180 1780 25 be be VB 5180 1780 26 unblocked unblocked JJ 5180 1780 27 . . . 5180 1781 1 In in IN 5180 1781 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1781 3 , , , 5180 1781 4 the the DT 5180 1781 5 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 1781 6 Public Public NNP 5180 1781 7 Library Library NNP 5180 1781 8 has have VBZ 5180 1781 9 configured configure VBN 5180 1781 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1781 11 computers computer NNS 5180 1781 12 to to TO 5180 1781 13 present present VB 5180 1781 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 1781 15 with with IN 5180 1781 16 the the DT 5180 1781 17 option option NN 5180 1781 18 , , , 5180 1781 19 each each DT 5180 1781 20 time time NN 5180 1781 21 the the DT 5180 1781 22 software software NN 5180 1781 23 filter filter NN 5180 1781 24 blocks block VBZ 5180 1781 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1781 26 access access NN 5180 1781 27 to to IN 5180 1781 28 a a DT 5180 1781 29 Web web NN 5180 1781 30 page page NN 5180 1781 31 , , , 5180 1781 32 of of IN 5180 1781 33 sending send VBG 5180 1781 34 an an DT 5180 1781 35 anonymous anonymous JJ 5180 1781 36 email email NN 5180 1781 37 to to IN 5180 1781 38 library library NN 5180 1781 39 staff staff NN 5180 1781 40 requesting request VBG 5180 1781 41 that that IN 5180 1781 42 the the DT 5180 1781 43 page page NN 5180 1781 44 be be VB 5180 1781 45 unblocked unblocked JJ 5180 1781 46 . . . 5180 1782 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1782 2 , , , 5180 1782 3 a a DT 5180 1782 4 library library NN 5180 1782 5 staff staff NN 5180 1782 6 member member NN 5180 1782 7 periodically periodically RB 5180 1782 8 scans scan VBZ 5180 1782 9 logs log NNS 5180 1782 10 of of IN 5180 1782 11 URLs url NNS 5180 1782 12 blocked block VBN 5180 1782 13 by by IN 5180 1782 14 the the DT 5180 1782 15 filters filter NNS 5180 1782 16 , , , 5180 1782 17 in in IN 5180 1782 18 an an DT 5180 1782 19 effort effort NN 5180 1782 20 to to TO 5180 1782 21 identify identify VB 5180 1782 22 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1782 23 blocked block VBN 5180 1782 24 sites site NNS 5180 1782 25 , , , 5180 1782 26 which which WDT 5180 1782 27 the the DT 5180 1782 28 library library NN 5180 1782 29 will will MD 5180 1782 30 subsequently subsequently RB 5180 1782 31 unblock unblock VB 5180 1782 32 . . . 5180 1783 1 Although although IN 5180 1783 2 a a DT 5180 1783 3 public public JJ 5180 1783 4 library library NN 5180 1783 5 's 's POS 5180 1783 6 ability ability NN 5180 1783 7 to to TO 5180 1783 8 permit permit VB 5180 1783 9 anonymous anonymous JJ 5180 1783 10 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 1783 11 requests request NNS 5180 1783 12 addresses address VBZ 5180 1783 13 the the DT 5180 1783 14 deterrent deterrent JJ 5180 1783 15 effect effect NN 5180 1783 16 of of IN 5180 1783 17 requiring require VBG 5180 1783 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 1783 19 to to TO 5180 1783 20 identify identify VB 5180 1783 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 1783 22 before before IN 5180 1783 23 gaining gain VBG 5180 1783 24 access access NN 5180 1783 25 to to IN 5180 1783 26 a a DT 5180 1783 27 particular particular JJ 5180 1783 28 Web web NN 5180 1783 29 site site NN 5180 1783 30 , , , 5180 1783 31 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1783 32 believe believe VBP 5180 1783 33 that that IN 5180 1783 34 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1783 35 fails fail VBZ 5180 1783 36 adequately adequately RB 5180 1783 37 to to TO 5180 1783 38 address address VB 5180 1783 39 the the DT 5180 1783 40 overblocking overblocking NN 5180 1783 41 problem problem NN 5180 1783 42 . . . 5180 1784 1 In in IN 5180 1784 2 particular particular JJ 5180 1784 3 , , , 5180 1784 4 even even RB 5180 1784 5 allowing allow VBG 5180 1784 6 anonymous anonymous JJ 5180 1784 7 requests request NNS 5180 1784 8 for for IN 5180 1784 9 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 1784 10 burdens burden NNS 5180 1784 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 1784 12 ' ' POS 5180 1784 13 access access NN 5180 1784 14 to to IN 5180 1784 15 speech speech NN 5180 1784 16 , , , 5180 1784 17 since since IN 5180 1784 18 such such JJ 5180 1784 19 requests request NNS 5180 1784 20 can can MD 5180 1784 21 not not RB 5180 1784 22 immediately immediately RB 5180 1784 23 be be VB 5180 1784 24 acted act VBN 5180 1784 25 on on IN 5180 1784 26 . . . 5180 1785 1 Although although IN 5180 1785 2 the the DT 5180 1785 3 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 1785 4 Public Public NNP 5180 1785 5 Library Library NNP 5180 1785 6 , , , 5180 1785 7 for for IN 5180 1785 8 example example NN 5180 1785 9 , , , 5180 1785 10 attempts attempt VBZ 5180 1785 11 to to TO 5180 1785 12 review review VB 5180 1785 13 requests request NNS 5180 1785 14 for for IN 5180 1785 15 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 1785 16 within within IN 5180 1785 17 24 24 CD 5180 1785 18 hours hour NNS 5180 1785 19 , , , 5180 1785 20 requests request NNS 5180 1785 21 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 1785 22 are be VBP 5180 1785 23 not not RB 5180 1785 24 reviewed review VBN 5180 1785 25 for for IN 5180 1785 26 several several JJ 5180 1785 27 days day NNS 5180 1785 28 . . . 5180 1786 1 And and CC 5180 1786 2 delays delay NNS 5180 1786 3 are be VBP 5180 1786 4 inevitable inevitable JJ 5180 1786 5 in in IN 5180 1786 6 libraries library NNS 5180 1786 7 with with IN 5180 1786 8 branches branch NNS 5180 1786 9 that that WDT 5180 1786 10 lack lack VBP 5180 1786 11 the the DT 5180 1786 12 staff staff NN 5180 1786 13 necessary necessary JJ 5180 1786 14 immediately immediately RB 5180 1786 15 to to TO 5180 1786 16 review review VB 5180 1786 17 patron patron NN 5180 1786 18 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 1786 19 requests request NNS 5180 1786 20 . . . 5180 1787 1 Because because IN 5180 1787 2 many many JJ 5180 1787 3 Internet internet NN 5180 1787 4 users user NNS 5180 1787 5 " " `` 5180 1787 6 surf surf NN 5180 1787 7 " " '' 5180 1787 8 the the DT 5180 1787 9 Web web NN 5180 1787 10 , , , 5180 1787 11 visiting visit VBG 5180 1787 12 hundreds hundred NNS 5180 1787 13 of of IN 5180 1787 14 Web web NN 5180 1787 15 sites site NNS 5180 1787 16 in in IN 5180 1787 17 a a DT 5180 1787 18 single single JJ 5180 1787 19 session session NN 5180 1787 20 and and CC 5180 1787 21 spending spend VBG 5180 1787 22 only only RB 5180 1787 23 a a DT 5180 1787 24 short short JJ 5180 1787 25 period period NN 5180 1787 26 of of IN 5180 1787 27 time time NN 5180 1787 28 viewing view VBG 5180 1787 29 many many JJ 5180 1787 30 of of IN 5180 1787 31 the the DT 5180 1787 32 sites site NNS 5180 1787 33 , , , 5180 1787 34 the the DT 5180 1787 35 requirement requirement NN 5180 1787 36 that that IN 5180 1787 37 a a DT 5180 1787 38 patron patron NN 5180 1787 39 take take VB 5180 1787 40 the the DT 5180 1787 41 time time NN 5180 1787 42 to to TO 5180 1787 43 affirmatively affirmatively RB 5180 1787 44 request request VB 5180 1787 45 access access NN 5180 1787 46 to to IN 5180 1787 47 a a DT 5180 1787 48 blocked block VBN 5180 1787 49 Web web NN 5180 1787 50 site site NN 5180 1787 51 and and CC 5180 1787 52 then then RB 5180 1787 53 wait wait VB 5180 1787 54 several several JJ 5180 1787 55 days day NNS 5180 1787 56 until until IN 5180 1787 57 the the DT 5180 1787 58 site site NN 5180 1787 59 is be VBZ 5180 1787 60 unblocked unblocked JJ 5180 1787 61 will will NN 5180 1787 62 , , , 5180 1787 63 as as IN 5180 1787 64 a a DT 5180 1787 65 practical practical JJ 5180 1787 66 matter matter NN 5180 1787 67 , , , 5180 1787 68 impose impose VB 5180 1787 69 a a DT 5180 1787 70 significant significant JJ 5180 1787 71 burden burden NN 5180 1787 72 on on IN 5180 1787 73 library library NN 5180 1787 74 patrons patron NNS 5180 1787 75 ' ' POS 5180 1787 76 use use NN 5180 1787 77 of of IN 5180 1787 78 the the DT 5180 1787 79 Internet internet NN 5180 1787 80 . . . 5180 1788 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1788 2 , , , 5180 1788 3 a a DT 5180 1788 4 patron patron NN 5180 1788 5 's 's POS 5180 1788 6 time time NN 5180 1788 7 spent spend VBD 5180 1788 8 requesting request VBG 5180 1788 9 access access NN 5180 1788 10 to to IN 5180 1788 11 an an DT 5180 1788 12 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1788 13 blocked block VBN 5180 1788 14 Web web NN 5180 1788 15 site site NN 5180 1788 16 and and CC 5180 1788 17 checking check VBG 5180 1788 18 to to TO 5180 1788 19 determine determine VB 5180 1788 20 whether whether IN 5180 1788 21 access access NN 5180 1788 22 was be VBD 5180 1788 23 eventually eventually RB 5180 1788 24 granted grant VBN 5180 1788 25 is be VBZ 5180 1788 26 likely likely JJ 5180 1788 27 to to TO 5180 1788 28 exceed exceed VB 5180 1788 29 the the DT 5180 1788 30 amount amount NN 5180 1788 31 of of IN 5180 1788 32 time time NN 5180 1788 33 the the DT 5180 1788 34 patron patron NN 5180 1788 35 would would MD 5180 1788 36 have have VB 5180 1788 37 actually actually RB 5180 1788 38 spent spend VBN 5180 1788 39 viewing view VBG 5180 1788 40 the the DT 5180 1788 41 site site NN 5180 1788 42 , , , 5180 1788 43 had have VBD 5180 1788 44 the the DT 5180 1788 45 site site NN 5180 1788 46 not not RB 5180 1788 47 been be VBN 5180 1788 48 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1788 49 blocked block VBN 5180 1788 50 . . . 5180 1789 1 This this DT 5180 1789 2 delay delay NN 5180 1789 3 is be VBZ 5180 1789 4 especially especially RB 5180 1789 5 burdensome burdensome JJ 5180 1789 6 in in IN 5180 1789 7 view view NN 5180 1789 8 of of IN 5180 1789 9 many many JJ 5180 1789 10 libraries library NNS 5180 1789 11 ' ' POS 5180 1789 12 practice practice NN 5180 1789 13 of of IN 5180 1789 14 limiting limit VBG 5180 1789 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1789 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1789 17 to to IN 5180 1789 18 a a DT 5180 1789 19 half half JJ 5180 1789 20 hour hour NN 5180 1789 21 or or CC 5180 1789 22 an an DT 5180 1789 23 hour hour NN 5180 1789 24 of of IN 5180 1789 25 Internet internet NN 5180 1789 26 use use NN 5180 1789 27 per per IN 5180 1789 28 day day NN 5180 1789 29 , , , 5180 1789 30 given give VBN 5180 1789 31 the the DT 5180 1789 32 scarcity scarcity NN 5180 1789 33 of of IN 5180 1789 34 terminal terminal JJ 5180 1789 35 time time NN 5180 1789 36 in in IN 5180 1789 37 relation relation NN 5180 1789 38 to to IN 5180 1789 39 patron patron NN 5180 1789 40 demand demand NN 5180 1789 41 . . . 5180 1790 1 The the DT 5180 1790 2 burden burden NN 5180 1790 3 of of IN 5180 1790 4 requiring require VBG 5180 1790 5 library library NN 5180 1790 6 patrons patron NNS 5180 1790 7 to to TO 5180 1790 8 ask ask VB 5180 1790 9 permission permission NN 5180 1790 10 to to TO 5180 1790 11 view view VB 5180 1790 12 Web web NN 5180 1790 13 sites site NNS 5180 1790 14 whose whose WP$ 5180 1790 15 content content NN 5180 1790 16 is be VBZ 5180 1790 17 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 1790 18 resembles resemble NNS 5180 1790 19 the the DT 5180 1790 20 burden burden NN 5180 1790 21 that that WDT 5180 1790 22 the the DT 5180 1790 23 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1790 24 Court Court NNP 5180 1790 25 found find VBD 5180 1790 26 unacceptable unacceptable JJ 5180 1790 27 in in IN 5180 1790 28 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1790 29 , , , 5180 1790 30 which which WDT 5180 1790 31 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 1790 32 a a DT 5180 1790 33 federal federal JJ 5180 1790 34 law law NN 5180 1790 35 requiring require VBG 5180 1790 36 cable cable NN 5180 1790 37 systems system NNS 5180 1790 38 operators operator NNS 5180 1790 39 to to TO 5180 1790 40 block block VB 5180 1790 41 subscribers subscriber NNS 5180 1790 42 ' ' POS 5180 1790 43 access access NN 5180 1790 44 to to IN 5180 1790 45 channels channel NNS 5180 1790 46 containing contain VBG 5180 1790 47 sexually sexually RB 5180 1790 48 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1790 49 programming programming NN 5180 1790 50 , , , 5180 1790 51 unless unless IN 5180 1790 52 subscribers subscriber NNS 5180 1790 53 requested request VBD 5180 1790 54 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 1790 55 in in IN 5180 1790 56 advance advance NN 5180 1790 57 . . . 5180 1791 1 The the DT 5180 1791 2 Court Court NNP 5180 1791 3 reasoned reason VBD 5180 1791 4 that that IN 5180 1791 5 " " `` 5180 1791 6 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1791 7 t]hese t]hese JJ 5180 1791 8 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1791 9 will will MD 5180 1791 10 prevent prevent VB 5180 1791 11 programmers programmer NNS 5180 1791 12 from from IN 5180 1791 13 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 1791 14 to to IN 5180 1791 15 viewers viewer NNS 5180 1791 16 who who WP 5180 1791 17 select select VBP 5180 1791 18 programs program NNS 5180 1791 19 day day NN 5180 1791 20 by by IN 5180 1791 21 day day NN 5180 1791 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1791 23 or or CC 5180 1791 24 , , , 5180 1791 25 through through IN 5180 1791 26 ' ' `` 5180 1791 27 surfing surfing NN 5180 1791 28 , , , 5180 1791 29 ' ' '' 5180 1791 30 minute minute NN 5180 1791 31 by by IN 5180 1791 32 minute minute NN 5180 1791 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1791 34 . . . 5180 1792 1 . . . 5180 1793 1 . . . 5180 1794 1 . . . 5180 1794 2 " " '' 5180 1795 1 Denver Denver NNP 5180 1795 2 , , , 5180 1795 3 518 518 CD 5180 1795 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1795 5 at at IN 5180 1795 6 754 754 CD 5180 1795 7 . . . 5180 1796 1 Similarly similarly RB 5180 1796 2 , , , 5180 1796 3 in in IN 5180 1796 4 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1796 5 Associates Associates NNPS 5180 1796 6 , , , 5180 1796 7 the the DT 5180 1796 8 Third Third NNP 5180 1796 9 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 1796 10 explained explain VBD 5180 1796 11 that that IN 5180 1796 12 a a DT 5180 1796 13 law law NN 5180 1796 14 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1796 15 adults adult NNS 5180 1796 16 from from IN 5180 1796 17 listening listen VBG 5180 1796 18 to to IN 5180 1796 19 sexually sexually RB 5180 1796 20 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1796 21 phone phone NN 5180 1796 22 messages message NNS 5180 1796 23 unless unless IN 5180 1796 24 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1796 25 applied apply VBD 5180 1796 26 in in IN 5180 1796 27 advance advance NN 5180 1796 28 for for IN 5180 1796 29 access access NN 5180 1796 30 to to IN 5180 1796 31 such such JJ 5180 1796 32 messages message NNS 5180 1796 33 would would MD 5180 1796 34 burden burden VB 5180 1796 35 adults adult NNS 5180 1796 36 ' ' POS 5180 1796 37 receipt receipt NN 5180 1796 38 of of IN 5180 1796 39 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1796 40 protected protect VBN 5180 1796 41 speech speech NN 5180 1796 42 , , , 5180 1796 43 given give VBN 5180 1796 44 consumers consumer NNS 5180 1796 45 ' ' POS 5180 1796 46 tendency tendency NN 5180 1796 47 to to TO 5180 1796 48 purchase purchase VB 5180 1796 49 such such JJ 5180 1796 50 speech speech NN 5180 1796 51 on on IN 5180 1796 52 impulse impulse NN 5180 1796 53 . . . 5180 1797 1 See see VB 5180 1797 2 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1797 3 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1797 4 . . . 5180 1797 5 , , , 5180 1797 6 896 896 CD 5180 1797 7 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 1797 8 at at IN 5180 1797 9 785 785 CD 5180 1797 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1797 11 noting note VBG 5180 1797 12 that that IN 5180 1797 13 officers officer NNS 5180 1797 14 of of IN 5180 1797 15 two two CD 5180 1797 16 companies company NNS 5180 1797 17 that that WDT 5180 1797 18 sell sell VBP 5180 1797 19 access access NN 5180 1797 20 to to IN 5180 1797 21 sexually sexually RB 5180 1797 22 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1797 23 recorded record VBN 5180 1797 24 phone phone NN 5180 1797 25 messages message NNS 5180 1797 26 " " '' 5180 1797 27 testified testify VBD 5180 1797 28 that that IN 5180 1797 29 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1797 30 is be VBZ 5180 1797 31 usually usually RB 5180 1797 32 ' ' `` 5180 1797 33 impulse impulse JJ 5180 1797 34 callers caller NNS 5180 1797 35 ' ' '' 5180 1797 36 who who WP 5180 1797 37 utilize utilize VBP 5180 1797 38 these these DT 5180 1797 39 types type NNS 5180 1797 40 of of IN 5180 1797 41 services service NNS 5180 1797 42 , , , 5180 1797 43 and and CC 5180 1797 44 that that IN 5180 1797 45 people people NNS 5180 1797 46 will will MD 5180 1797 47 not not RB 5180 1797 48 call call VB 5180 1797 49 if if IN 5180 1797 50 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1797 51 must must MD 5180 1797 52 apply apply VB 5180 1797 53 for for IN 5180 1797 54 an an DT 5180 1797 55 access access NN 5180 1797 56 code code NN 5180 1797 57 " " '' 5180 1797 58 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1797 59 . . . 5180 1798 1 In in IN 5180 1798 2 sum sum NN 5180 1798 3 , , , 5180 1798 4 in in IN 5180 1798 5 many many JJ 5180 1798 6 cases case NNS 5180 1798 7 , , , 5180 1798 8 as as IN 5180 1798 9 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1798 10 have have VBP 5180 1798 11 noted note VBN 5180 1798 12 above above IN 5180 1798 13 , , , 5180 1798 14 library library JJ 5180 1798 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 1798 16 who who WP 5180 1798 17 have have VBP 5180 1798 18 been be VBN 5180 1798 19 wrongly wrongly RB 5180 1798 20 denied deny VBN 5180 1798 21 access access NN 5180 1798 22 to to IN 5180 1798 23 a a DT 5180 1798 24 Web web NN 5180 1798 25 site site NN 5180 1798 26 will will MD 5180 1798 27 decline decline VB 5180 1798 28 to to TO 5180 1798 29 ask ask VB 5180 1798 30 the the DT 5180 1798 31 library library NN 5180 1798 32 to to TO 5180 1798 33 disable disable VB 5180 1798 34 the the DT 5180 1798 35 filters filter NNS 5180 1798 36 so so IN 5180 1798 37 that that IN 5180 1798 38 the the DT 5180 1798 39 patron patron NN 5180 1798 40 can can MD 5180 1798 41 access access VB 5180 1798 42 the the DT 5180 1798 43 Web web NN 5180 1798 44 site site NN 5180 1798 45 . . . 5180 1799 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1799 2 , , , 5180 1799 3 even even RB 5180 1799 4 if if IN 5180 1799 5 patrons patron NNS 5180 1799 6 requested request VBD 5180 1799 7 unblocking unblock VBG 5180 1799 8 every every DT 5180 1799 9 time time NN 5180 1799 10 a a DT 5180 1799 11 site site NN 5180 1799 12 is be VBZ 5180 1799 13 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1799 14 blocked block VBN 5180 1799 15 , , , 5180 1799 16 and and CC 5180 1799 17 even even RB 5180 1799 18 if if IN 5180 1799 19 library library NN 5180 1799 20 staff staff NN 5180 1799 21 granted grant VBD 5180 1799 22 every every DT 5180 1799 23 such such JJ 5180 1799 24 request request NN 5180 1799 25 , , , 5180 1799 26 a a DT 5180 1799 27 public public JJ 5180 1799 28 library library NN 5180 1799 29 's 's POS 5180 1799 30 use use NN 5180 1799 31 of of IN 5180 1799 32 blocking block VBG 5180 1799 33 software software NN 5180 1799 34 would would MD 5180 1799 35 still still RB 5180 1799 36 impermissibly impermissibly RB 5180 1799 37 burden burden VB 5180 1799 38 patrons patron NNS 5180 1799 39 ' ' POS 5180 1799 40 access access NN 5180 1799 41 to to IN 5180 1799 42 speech speech NN 5180 1799 43 based base VBN 5180 1799 44 on on IN 5180 1799 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1799 46 content content NN 5180 1799 47 . . . 5180 1800 1 The the DT 5180 1800 2 First First NNP 5180 1800 3 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1800 4 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 5180 1800 5 of of IN 5180 1800 6 the the DT 5180 1800 7 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 1800 8 Court Court NNP 5180 1800 9 and and CC 5180 1800 10 the the DT 5180 1800 11 Third Third NNP 5180 1800 12 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 1800 13 makes make VBZ 5180 1800 14 clear clear JJ 5180 1800 15 that that IN 5180 1800 16 laws law NNS 5180 1800 17 imposing impose VBG 5180 1800 18 content content NN 5180 1800 19 - - HYPH 5180 1800 20 based base VBN 5180 1800 21 burdens burden NNS 5180 1800 22 on on IN 5180 1800 23 access access NN 5180 1800 24 to to IN 5180 1800 25 speech speech NN 5180 1800 26 are be VBP 5180 1800 27 no no DT 5180 1800 28 less less RBR 5180 1800 29 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1800 30 to to IN 5180 1800 31 the the DT 5180 1800 32 First First NNP 5180 1800 33 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1800 34 than than IN 5180 1800 35 laws law NNS 5180 1800 36 imposing impose VBG 5180 1800 37 content content NN 5180 1800 38 - - HYPH 5180 1800 39 based base VBN 5180 1800 40 prohibitions prohibition NNS 5180 1800 41 on on IN 5180 1800 42 speech speech NN 5180 1800 43 : : : 5180 1800 44 It -PRON- PRP 5180 1800 45 is be VBZ 5180 1800 46 of of IN 5180 1800 47 no no DT 5180 1800 48 moment moment NN 5180 1800 49 that that IN 5180 1800 50 the the DT 5180 1800 51 statute statute NN 5180 1800 52 does do VBZ 5180 1800 53 not not RB 5180 1800 54 impose impose VB 5180 1800 55 a a DT 5180 1800 56 complete complete JJ 5180 1800 57 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 1800 58 . . . 5180 1801 1 The the DT 5180 1801 2 distinction distinction NN 5180 1801 3 between between IN 5180 1801 4 laws law NNS 5180 1801 5 burdening burden VBG 5180 1801 6 and and CC 5180 1801 7 laws law NNS 5180 1801 8 banning ban VBG 5180 1801 9 speech speech NN 5180 1801 10 is be VBZ 5180 1801 11 but but CC 5180 1801 12 a a DT 5180 1801 13 matter matter NN 5180 1801 14 of of IN 5180 1801 15 degree degree NN 5180 1801 16 . . . 5180 1802 1 The the DT 5180 1802 2 Government Government NNP 5180 1802 3 's 's POS 5180 1802 4 content content NN 5180 1802 5 - - HYPH 5180 1802 6 based base VBN 5180 1802 7 burdens burden NNS 5180 1802 8 must must MD 5180 1802 9 satisfy satisfy VB 5180 1802 10 the the DT 5180 1802 11 same same JJ 5180 1802 12 rigorous rigorous JJ 5180 1802 13 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1802 14 as as IN 5180 1802 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1802 16 content content NN 5180 1802 17 - - HYPH 5180 1802 18 based base VBN 5180 1802 19 bans ban NNS 5180 1802 20 . . . 5180 1803 1 . . . 5180 1804 1 . . . 5180 1805 1 . . . 5180 1806 1 When when WRB 5180 1806 2 the the DT 5180 1806 3 purpose purpose NN 5180 1806 4 and and CC 5180 1806 5 design design NN 5180 1806 6 of of IN 5180 1806 7 a a DT 5180 1806 8 statute statute NN 5180 1806 9 is be VBZ 5180 1806 10 to to TO 5180 1806 11 regulate regulate VB 5180 1806 12 speech speech NN 5180 1806 13 by by IN 5180 1806 14 reason reason NN 5180 1806 15 of of IN 5180 1806 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1806 17 content content NN 5180 1806 18 , , , 5180 1806 19 special special JJ 5180 1806 20 consideration consideration NN 5180 1806 21 or or CC 5180 1806 22 latitude latitude NN 5180 1806 23 is be VBZ 5180 1806 24 not not RB 5180 1806 25 afforded afford VBN 5180 1806 26 to to IN 5180 1806 27 the the DT 5180 1806 28 Government Government NNP 5180 1806 29 merely merely RB 5180 1806 30 because because IN 5180 1806 31 the the DT 5180 1806 32 law law NN 5180 1806 33 can can MD 5180 1806 34 somehow somehow RB 5180 1806 35 be be VB 5180 1806 36 described describe VBN 5180 1806 37 as as IN 5180 1806 38 a a DT 5180 1806 39 burden burden NN 5180 1806 40 rather rather RB 5180 1806 41 than than IN 5180 1806 42 outright outright JJ 5180 1806 43 suppression suppression NN 5180 1806 44 . . . 5180 1807 1 United United NNP 5180 1807 2 States States NNP 5180 1807 3 v. v. IN 5180 1807 4 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1807 5 Entm't Entm't NNP 5180 1807 6 Group Group NNP 5180 1807 7 , , , 5180 1807 8 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1807 9 , , , 5180 1807 10 529 529 CD 5180 1807 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1807 12 803 803 CD 5180 1807 13 , , , 5180 1807 14 812 812 CD 5180 1807 15 , , , 5180 1807 16 826 826 CD 5180 1807 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1807 18 2000 2000 CD 5180 1807 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1807 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1807 21 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 1807 22 a a DT 5180 1807 23 federal federal JJ 5180 1807 24 law law NN 5180 1807 25 requiring require VBG 5180 1807 26 cable cable NN 5180 1807 27 television television NN 5180 1807 28 operators operator NNS 5180 1807 29 to to TO 5180 1807 30 limit limit VB 5180 1807 31 the the DT 5180 1807 32 transmission transmission NN 5180 1807 33 of of IN 5180 1807 34 sexually sexually RB 5180 1807 35 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1807 36 programming programming NN 5180 1807 37 to to IN 5180 1807 38 the the DT 5180 1807 39 hours hour NNS 5180 1807 40 between between IN 5180 1807 41 10:00 10:00 CD 5180 1807 42 p.m. p.m. NN 5180 1807 43 and and CC 5180 1807 44 6:00 6:00 CD 5180 1807 45 a.m. a.m. NN 5180 1807 46 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1807 47 ; ; : 5180 1807 48 see see VB 5180 1807 49 also also RB 5180 1807 50 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 1807 51 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 1807 52 . . . 5180 1807 53 , , , 5180 1807 54 896 896 CD 5180 1807 55 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 1807 56 at at IN 5180 1807 57 785 785 CD 5180 1807 58 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1807 59 " " `` 5180 1807 60 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1807 61 H]ere H]ere NNP 5180 1807 62 . . . 5180 1808 1 . . . 5180 1809 1 . . . 5180 1810 1 there there EX 5180 1810 2 is be VBZ 5180 1810 3 no no DT 5180 1810 4 outright outright JJ 5180 1810 5 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 1810 6 of of IN 5180 1810 7 indecent indecent JJ 5180 1810 8 communication communication NN 5180 1810 9 . . . 5180 1811 1 However however RB 5180 1811 2 , , , 5180 1811 3 the the DT 5180 1811 4 First First NNP 5180 1811 5 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1811 6 protects protect VBZ 5180 1811 7 against against IN 5180 1811 8 government government NN 5180 1811 9 inhibition inhibition NN 5180 1811 10 as as RB 5180 1811 11 well well RB 5180 1811 12 as as IN 5180 1811 13 prohibition prohibition NN 5180 1811 14 . . . 5180 1811 15 " " '' 5180 1811 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1812 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1812 2 internal internal JJ 5180 1812 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 1812 4 marks mark NNS 5180 1812 5 and and CC 5180 1812 6 citation citation NN 5180 1812 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 1812 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1812 9 . . . 5180 1813 1 Even even RB 5180 1813 2 if if IN 5180 1813 3 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1813 4 's 's POS 5180 1813 5 disabling disable VBG 5180 1813 6 provisions provision NNS 5180 1813 7 could could MD 5180 1813 8 be be VB 5180 1813 9 perfectly perfectly RB 5180 1813 10 implemented implement VBN 5180 1813 11 by by IN 5180 1813 12 library library NN 5180 1813 13 staff staff NN 5180 1813 14 every every DT 5180 1813 15 time time NN 5180 1813 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1813 17 request request VBP 5180 1813 18 access access NN 5180 1813 19 to to IN 5180 1813 20 an an DT 5180 1813 21 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1813 22 blocked block VBN 5180 1813 23 Web web NN 5180 1813 24 site site NN 5180 1813 25 , , , 5180 1813 26 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1813 27 hold hold VBP 5180 1813 28 that that IN 5180 1813 29 the the DT 5180 1813 30 content content NN 5180 1813 31 - - HYPH 5180 1813 32 based base VBN 5180 1813 33 burden burden NN 5180 1813 34 that that IN 5180 1813 35 the the DT 5180 1813 36 library library NN 5180 1813 37 's 's POS 5180 1813 38 use use NN 5180 1813 39 of of IN 5180 1813 40 software software NN 5180 1813 41 filters filter NNS 5180 1813 42 places place NNS 5180 1813 43 on on IN 5180 1813 44 patrons patron NNS 5180 1813 45 ' ' POS 5180 1813 46 access access NN 5180 1813 47 to to IN 5180 1813 48 speech speech NN 5180 1813 49 suffers suffer NNS 5180 1813 50 from from IN 5180 1813 51 the the DT 5180 1813 52 same same JJ 5180 1813 53 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 1813 54 deficiencies deficiency NNS 5180 1813 55 as as IN 5180 1813 56 a a DT 5180 1813 57 complete complete JJ 5180 1813 58 ban ban NN 5180 1813 59 on on IN 5180 1813 60 patrons patron NNS 5180 1813 61 ' ' POS 5180 1813 62 access access NN 5180 1813 63 to to IN 5180 1813 64 speech speech NN 5180 1813 65 that that WDT 5180 1813 66 was be VBD 5180 1813 67 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1813 68 blocked block VBN 5180 1813 69 by by IN 5180 1813 70 filters filter NNS 5180 1813 71 , , , 5180 1813 72 since since IN 5180 1813 73 patrons patron NNS 5180 1813 74 will will MD 5180 1813 75 often often RB 5180 1813 76 be be VB 5180 1813 77 deterred deter VBN 5180 1813 78 from from IN 5180 1813 79 asking ask VBG 5180 1813 80 the the DT 5180 1813 81 library library NN 5180 1813 82 to to TO 5180 1813 83 unblock unblock VB 5180 1813 84 a a DT 5180 1813 85 site site NN 5180 1813 86 and and CC 5180 1813 87 patron patron NN 5180 1813 88 requests request NNS 5180 1813 89 can can MD 5180 1813 90 not not RB 5180 1813 91 be be VB 5180 1813 92 immediately immediately RB 5180 1813 93 reviewed review VBN 5180 1813 94 . . . 5180 1814 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1814 2 therefore therefore RB 5180 1814 3 hold hold VBP 5180 1814 4 that that IN 5180 1814 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1814 6 's 's POS 5180 1814 7 disabling disable VBG 5180 1814 8 provisions provision NNS 5180 1814 9 fail fail VBP 5180 1814 10 to to TO 5180 1814 11 cure cure VB 5180 1814 12 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1814 13 's 's POS 5180 1814 14 lack lack NN 5180 1814 15 of of IN 5180 1814 16 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1814 17 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1814 18 . . . 5180 1815 1 5 5 CD 5180 1815 2 . . . 5180 1816 1 Conclusion conclusion NN 5180 1816 2 ; ; : 5180 1816 3 Severability severability NN 5180 1816 4 Based base VBN 5180 1816 5 upon upon IN 5180 1816 6 the the DT 5180 1816 7 foregoing foregoing JJ 5180 1816 8 discussion discussion NN 5180 1816 9 , , , 5180 1816 10 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1816 11 hold hold VBP 5180 1816 12 that that IN 5180 1816 13 a a DT 5180 1816 14 public public JJ 5180 1816 15 library library NN 5180 1816 16 's 's POS 5180 1816 17 content content NN 5180 1816 18 - - HYPH 5180 1816 19 based base VBN 5180 1816 20 restriction restriction NN 5180 1816 21 on on IN 5180 1816 22 patrons patron NNS 5180 1816 23 ' ' POS 5180 1816 24 access access NN 5180 1816 25 to to IN 5180 1816 26 speech speech NN 5180 1816 27 on on IN 5180 1816 28 the the DT 5180 1816 29 Internet internet NN 5180 1816 30 is be VBZ 5180 1816 31 subject subject JJ 5180 1816 32 to to IN 5180 1816 33 strict strict JJ 5180 1816 34 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1816 35 . . . 5180 1817 1 Every every DT 5180 1817 2 item item NN 5180 1817 3 in in IN 5180 1817 4 a a DT 5180 1817 5 library library NN 5180 1817 6 's 's POS 5180 1817 7 print print NN 5180 1817 8 collection collection NN 5180 1817 9 has have VBZ 5180 1817 10 been be VBN 5180 1817 11 selected select VBN 5180 1817 12 because because IN 5180 1817 13 library library NN 5180 1817 14 staff staff NN 5180 1817 15 , , , 5180 1817 16 or or CC 5180 1817 17 a a DT 5180 1817 18 party party NN 5180 1817 19 to to TO 5180 1817 20 whom whom WP 5180 1817 21 staff staff NN 5180 1817 22 delegates delegate VBZ 5180 1817 23 the the DT 5180 1817 24 decision decision NN 5180 1817 25 , , , 5180 1817 26 deems deem VBZ 5180 1817 27 the the DT 5180 1817 28 content content NN 5180 1817 29 to to TO 5180 1817 30 be be VB 5180 1817 31 particularly particularly RB 5180 1817 32 valuable valuable JJ 5180 1817 33 . . . 5180 1818 1 In in IN 5180 1818 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 1818 3 , , , 5180 1818 4 the the DT 5180 1818 5 Internet internet NN 5180 1818 6 , , , 5180 1818 7 as as IN 5180 1818 8 a a DT 5180 1818 9 forum forum NN 5180 1818 10 , , , 5180 1818 11 is be VBZ 5180 1818 12 open open JJ 5180 1818 13 to to IN 5180 1818 14 any any DT 5180 1818 15 member member NN 5180 1818 16 of of IN 5180 1818 17 the the DT 5180 1818 18 public public NN 5180 1818 19 to to TO 5180 1818 20 speak speak VB 5180 1818 21 , , , 5180 1818 22 and and CC 5180 1818 23 hence hence RB 5180 1818 24 , , , 5180 1818 25 even even RB 5180 1818 26 when when WRB 5180 1818 27 a a DT 5180 1818 28 library library NN 5180 1818 29 provides provide VBZ 5180 1818 30 filtered filter VBN 5180 1818 31 Internet internet NN 5180 1818 32 access access NN 5180 1818 33 , , , 5180 1818 34 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1818 35 creates create VBZ 5180 1818 36 a a DT 5180 1818 37 public public JJ 5180 1818 38 forum forum NN 5180 1818 39 in in IN 5180 1818 40 which which WDT 5180 1818 41 the the DT 5180 1818 42 vast vast JJ 5180 1818 43 majority majority NN 5180 1818 44 of of IN 5180 1818 45 the the DT 5180 1818 46 speech speech NN 5180 1818 47 has have VBZ 5180 1818 48 been be VBN 5180 1818 49 reviewed review VBN 5180 1818 50 by by IN 5180 1818 51 neither neither DT 5180 1818 52 librarians librarian NNS 5180 1818 53 nor nor CC 5180 1818 54 filtering filter VBG 5180 1818 55 companies company NNS 5180 1818 56 . . . 5180 1819 1 Under under IN 5180 1819 2 public public JJ 5180 1819 3 forum forum NN 5180 1819 4 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 1819 5 , , , 5180 1819 6 where where WRB 5180 1819 7 the the DT 5180 1819 8 state state NN 5180 1819 9 creates create VBZ 5180 1819 10 such such PDT 5180 1819 11 a a DT 5180 1819 12 forum forum NN 5180 1819 13 open open JJ 5180 1819 14 to to IN 5180 1819 15 any any DT 5180 1819 16 member member NN 5180 1819 17 of of IN 5180 1819 18 the the DT 5180 1819 19 public public NN 5180 1819 20 to to TO 5180 1819 21 speak speak VB 5180 1819 22 on on IN 5180 1819 23 an an DT 5180 1819 24 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1819 25 number number NN 5180 1819 26 of of IN 5180 1819 27 subjects subject NNS 5180 1819 28 , , , 5180 1819 29 the the DT 5180 1819 30 state state NN 5180 1819 31 's 's POS 5180 1819 32 decision decision NN 5180 1819 33 selectively selectively RB 5180 1819 34 to to TO 5180 1819 35 exclude exclude VB 5180 1819 36 certain certain JJ 5180 1819 37 speech speech NN 5180 1819 38 on on IN 5180 1819 39 the the DT 5180 1819 40 basis basis NN 5180 1819 41 of of IN 5180 1819 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1819 43 content content NN 5180 1819 44 , , , 5180 1819 45 is be VBZ 5180 1819 46 subject subject JJ 5180 1819 47 to to IN 5180 1819 48 strict strict JJ 5180 1819 49 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1819 50 , , , 5180 1819 51 since since IN 5180 1819 52 such such JJ 5180 1819 53 exclusions exclusion NNS 5180 1819 54 risk risk NN 5180 1819 55 distorting distort VBG 5180 1819 56 the the DT 5180 1819 57 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 1819 58 of of IN 5180 1819 59 ideas idea NNS 5180 1819 60 that that WDT 5180 1819 61 the the DT 5180 1819 62 state state NN 5180 1819 63 has have VBZ 5180 1819 64 created create VBN 5180 1819 65 . . . 5180 1820 1 Application application NN 5180 1820 2 of of IN 5180 1820 3 strict strict JJ 5180 1820 4 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1820 5 to to IN 5180 1820 6 public public JJ 5180 1820 7 libraries library NNS 5180 1820 8 ' ' POS 5180 1820 9 content- content- NN 5180 1820 10 based base VBN 5180 1820 11 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1820 12 on on IN 5180 1820 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1820 14 patrons patron NNS 5180 1820 15 ' ' POS 5180 1820 16 access access NN 5180 1820 17 to to IN 5180 1820 18 the the DT 5180 1820 19 Internet internet NN 5180 1820 20 finds find VBZ 5180 1820 21 further further JJ 5180 1820 22 support support NN 5180 1820 23 in in IN 5180 1820 24 the the DT 5180 1820 25 analogy analogy NN 5180 1820 26 to to IN 5180 1820 27 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1820 28 public public JJ 5180 1820 29 fora fora NN 5180 1820 30 , , , 5180 1820 31 such such JJ 5180 1820 32 as as IN 5180 1820 33 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 5180 1820 34 , , , 5180 1820 35 parks park NNS 5180 1820 36 , , , 5180 1820 37 and and CC 5180 1820 38 squares square NNS 5180 1820 39 , , , 5180 1820 40 in in IN 5180 1820 41 which which WDT 5180 1820 42 content content NN 5180 1820 43 - - HYPH 5180 1820 44 based base VBN 5180 1820 45 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1820 46 on on IN 5180 1820 47 speech speech NN 5180 1820 48 are be VBP 5180 1820 49 always always RB 5180 1820 50 subject subject JJ 5180 1820 51 to to IN 5180 1820 52 strict strict JJ 5180 1820 53 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1820 54 . . . 5180 1821 1 Like like IN 5180 1821 2 these these DT 5180 1821 3 traditional traditional JJ 5180 1821 4 public public JJ 5180 1821 5 fora fora NN 5180 1821 6 , , , 5180 1821 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1821 8 access access NN 5180 1821 9 in in IN 5180 1821 10 public public JJ 5180 1821 11 libraries library NNS 5180 1821 12 uniquely uniquely RB 5180 1821 13 promotes promote VBZ 5180 1821 14 First First NNP 5180 1821 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1821 16 values value NNS 5180 1821 17 , , , 5180 1821 18 by by IN 5180 1821 19 offering offer VBG 5180 1821 20 low low JJ 5180 1821 21 barriers barrier NNS 5180 1821 22 to to IN 5180 1821 23 entry entry NN 5180 1821 24 to to IN 5180 1821 25 speakers speaker NNS 5180 1821 26 and and CC 5180 1821 27 listeners listener NNS 5180 1821 28 . . . 5180 1822 1 The the DT 5180 1822 2 content content NN 5180 1822 3 of of IN 5180 1822 4 speech speech NN 5180 1822 5 on on IN 5180 1822 6 the the DT 5180 1822 7 Internet internet NN 5180 1822 8 is be VBZ 5180 1822 9 as as RB 5180 1822 10 diverse diverse JJ 5180 1822 11 as as IN 5180 1822 12 human human JJ 5180 1822 13 thought thought NN 5180 1822 14 , , , 5180 1822 15 and and CC 5180 1822 16 the the DT 5180 1822 17 extent extent NN 5180 1822 18 to to TO 5180 1822 19 which which WDT 5180 1822 20 the the DT 5180 1822 21 Internet internet NN 5180 1822 22 promotes promote VBZ 5180 1822 23 First First NNP 5180 1822 24 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1822 25 values value NNS 5180 1822 26 is be VBZ 5180 1822 27 evident evident JJ 5180 1822 28 from from IN 5180 1822 29 the the DT 5180 1822 30 sheer sheer JJ 5180 1822 31 breadth breadth NN 5180 1822 32 of of IN 5180 1822 33 speech speech NN 5180 1822 34 that that IN 5180 1822 35 this this DT 5180 1822 36 new new JJ 5180 1822 37 medium medium JJ 5180 1822 38 enables enable NNS 5180 1822 39 . . . 5180 1823 1 To to TO 5180 1823 2 survive survive VB 5180 1823 3 strict strict JJ 5180 1823 4 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 1823 5 , , , 5180 1823 6 a a DT 5180 1823 7 public public JJ 5180 1823 8 library library NN 5180 1823 9 's 's POS 5180 1823 10 use use NN 5180 1823 11 of of IN 5180 1823 12 filtering filter VBG 5180 1823 13 software software NN 5180 1823 14 must must MD 5180 1823 15 be be VB 5180 1823 16 narrowly narrowly RB 5180 1823 17 tailored tailor VBN 5180 1823 18 to to TO 5180 1823 19 further further RB 5180 1823 20 a a DT 5180 1823 21 compelling compelling JJ 5180 1823 22 state state NN 5180 1823 23 interest interest NN 5180 1823 24 , , , 5180 1823 25 and and CC 5180 1823 26 there there EX 5180 1823 27 must must MD 5180 1823 28 be be VB 5180 1823 29 no no DT 5180 1823 30 less less RBR 5180 1823 31 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1823 32 alternative alternative NN 5180 1823 33 that that WDT 5180 1823 34 could could MD 5180 1823 35 effectively effectively RB 5180 1823 36 further far RBR 5180 1823 37 that that DT 5180 1823 38 interest interest NN 5180 1823 39 . . . 5180 1824 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1824 2 find find VBP 5180 1824 3 that that IN 5180 1824 4 , , , 5180 1824 5 given give VBN 5180 1824 6 the the DT 5180 1824 7 crudeness crudeness NN 5180 1824 8 of of IN 5180 1824 9 filtering filter VBG 5180 1824 10 technology technology NN 5180 1824 11 , , , 5180 1824 12 any any DT 5180 1824 13 technology technology NN 5180 1824 14 protection protection NN 5180 1824 15 measure measure NN 5180 1824 16 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1824 17 by by IN 5180 1824 18 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1824 19 will will MD 5180 1824 20 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 1824 21 block block VB 5180 1824 22 access access NN 5180 1824 23 to to IN 5180 1824 24 a a DT 5180 1824 25 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1824 26 amount amount NN 5180 1824 27 of of IN 5180 1824 28 speech speech NN 5180 1824 29 whose whose WP$ 5180 1824 30 suppression suppression NN 5180 1824 31 serves serve VBZ 5180 1824 32 no no DT 5180 1824 33 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1824 34 government government NN 5180 1824 35 interest interest NN 5180 1824 36 . . . 5180 1825 1 This this DT 5180 1825 2 lack lack NN 5180 1825 3 of of IN 5180 1825 4 narrow narrow JJ 5180 1825 5 tailoring tailoring NN 5180 1825 6 can can MD 5180 1825 7 not not RB 5180 1825 8 be be VB 5180 1825 9 cured cure VBN 5180 1825 10 by by IN 5180 1825 11 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1825 12 's 's POS 5180 1825 13 disabling disable VBG 5180 1825 14 provisions provision NNS 5180 1825 15 , , , 5180 1825 16 because because IN 5180 1825 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 1825 18 will will MD 5180 1825 19 often often RB 5180 1825 20 be be VB 5180 1825 21 deterred deter VBN 5180 1825 22 from from IN 5180 1825 23 asking ask VBG 5180 1825 24 the the DT 5180 1825 25 library library NN 5180 1825 26 's 's POS 5180 1825 27 permission permission NN 5180 1825 28 to to TO 5180 1825 29 access access VB 5180 1825 30 an an DT 5180 1825 31 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1825 32 blocked block VBN 5180 1825 33 Web web NN 5180 1825 34 page page NN 5180 1825 35 , , , 5180 1825 36 and and CC 5180 1825 37 anonymous anonymous JJ 5180 1825 38 requests request NNS 5180 1825 39 for for IN 5180 1825 40 unblocking unblocking NN 5180 1825 41 can can MD 5180 1825 42 not not RB 5180 1825 43 be be VB 5180 1825 44 acted act VBN 5180 1825 45 on on IN 5180 1825 46 without without IN 5180 1825 47 delaying delay VBG 5180 1825 48 the the DT 5180 1825 49 patron patron NN 5180 1825 50 's 's POS 5180 1825 51 access access NN 5180 1825 52 to to IN 5180 1825 53 the the DT 5180 1825 54 blocked block VBN 5180 1825 55 Web web NN 5180 1825 56 page page NN 5180 1825 57 , , , 5180 1825 58 thereby thereby RB 5180 1825 59 impermissibly impermissibly RB 5180 1825 60 burdening burden VBG 5180 1825 61 access access NN 5180 1825 62 to to IN 5180 1825 63 speech speech NN 5180 1825 64 on on IN 5180 1825 65 the the DT 5180 1825 66 basis basis NN 5180 1825 67 of of IN 5180 1825 68 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1825 69 content content NN 5180 1825 70 . . . 5180 1826 1 Moreover moreover RB 5180 1826 2 , , , 5180 1826 3 less less RBR 5180 1826 4 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1826 5 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1826 6 exist exist VBP 5180 1826 7 to to TO 5180 1826 8 further further VB 5180 1826 9 a a DT 5180 1826 10 public public JJ 5180 1826 11 library library NN 5180 1826 12 's 's POS 5180 1826 13 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 1826 14 interests interest NNS 5180 1826 15 in in IN 5180 1826 16 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1826 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1826 18 computers computer NNS 5180 1826 19 from from IN 5180 1826 20 being be VBG 5180 1826 21 used use VBN 5180 1826 22 to to TO 5180 1826 23 access access VB 5180 1826 24 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 1826 25 , , , 5180 1826 26 child child NN 5180 1826 27 pornography pornography NN 5180 1826 28 , , , 5180 1826 29 or or CC 5180 1826 30 in in IN 5180 1826 31 the the DT 5180 1826 32 case case NN 5180 1826 33 of of IN 5180 1826 34 minors minor NNS 5180 1826 35 , , , 5180 1826 36 material material NN 5180 1826 37 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1826 38 to to IN 5180 1826 39 minors minor NNS 5180 1826 40 , , , 5180 1826 41 and and CC 5180 1826 42 in in IN 5180 1826 43 preventing prevent VBG 5180 1826 44 patrons patron NNS 5180 1826 45 from from IN 5180 1826 46 being be VBG 5180 1826 47 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1826 48 exposed expose VBN 5180 1826 49 to to IN 5180 1826 50 patently patently RB 5180 1826 51 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1826 52 , , , 5180 1826 53 sexually sexually RB 5180 1826 54 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1826 55 speech speech NN 5180 1826 56 . . . 5180 1827 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 1827 2 may may MD 5180 1827 3 use use VB 5180 1827 4 a a DT 5180 1827 5 variety variety NN 5180 1827 6 of of IN 5180 1827 7 means mean NNS 5180 1827 8 to to TO 5180 1827 9 monitor monitor VB 5180 1827 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1827 11 patrons patron NNS 5180 1827 12 ' ' POS 5180 1827 13 use use NN 5180 1827 14 of of IN 5180 1827 15 the the DT 5180 1827 16 Internet internet NN 5180 1827 17 and and CC 5180 1827 18 impose impose VB 5180 1827 19 sanctions sanction NNS 5180 1827 20 on on IN 5180 1827 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 1827 22 who who WP 5180 1827 23 violate violate VBP 5180 1827 24 the the DT 5180 1827 25 library library NN 5180 1827 26 's 's POS 5180 1827 27 Internet internet NN 5180 1827 28 use use NN 5180 1827 29 policy policy NN 5180 1827 30 . . . 5180 1828 1 To to TO 5180 1828 2 protect protect VB 5180 1828 3 minors minor NNS 5180 1828 4 from from IN 5180 1828 5 material material NN 5180 1828 6 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1828 7 to to IN 5180 1828 8 minors minor NNS 5180 1828 9 , , , 5180 1828 10 libraries library NNS 5180 1828 11 could could MD 5180 1828 12 grant grant VB 5180 1828 13 minors minor NNS 5180 1828 14 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1828 15 access access NN 5180 1828 16 only only RB 5180 1828 17 if if IN 5180 1828 18 accompanied accompany VBN 5180 1828 19 by by IN 5180 1828 20 a a DT 5180 1828 21 parent parent NN 5180 1828 22 , , , 5180 1828 23 or or CC 5180 1828 24 upon upon IN 5180 1828 25 parental parental JJ 5180 1828 26 consent consent NN 5180 1828 27 , , , 5180 1828 28 or or CC 5180 1828 29 could could MD 5180 1828 30 require require VB 5180 1828 31 minors minor NNS 5180 1828 32 to to TO 5180 1828 33 use use VB 5180 1828 34 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1828 35 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1828 36 in in IN 5180 1828 37 view view NN 5180 1828 38 of of IN 5180 1828 39 library library NN 5180 1828 40 staff staff NN 5180 1828 41 . . . 5180 1829 1 To to TO 5180 1829 2 prevent prevent VB 5180 1829 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 1829 4 from from IN 5180 1829 5 being be VBG 5180 1829 6 unwillingly unwillingly RB 5180 1829 7 exposed expose VBN 5180 1829 8 to to IN 5180 1829 9 offensive offensive NN 5180 1829 10 , , , 5180 1829 11 sexually sexually RB 5180 1829 12 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1829 13 content content NN 5180 1829 14 , , , 5180 1829 15 libraries library NNS 5180 1829 16 can can MD 5180 1829 17 offer offer VB 5180 1829 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 1829 19 the the DT 5180 1829 20 option option NN 5180 1829 21 of of IN 5180 1829 22 using use VBG 5180 1829 23 blocking block VBG 5180 1829 24 software software NN 5180 1829 25 , , , 5180 1829 26 can can MD 5180 1829 27 place place VB 5180 1829 28 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1829 29 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1829 30 outside outside RB 5180 1829 31 of of IN 5180 1829 32 patrons patron NNS 5180 1829 33 ' ' POS 5180 1829 34 sight sight NN 5180 1829 35 lines line NNS 5180 1829 36 , , , 5180 1829 37 and and CC 5180 1829 38 can can MD 5180 1829 39 use use VB 5180 1829 40 privacy privacy NN 5180 1829 41 screens screen NNS 5180 1829 42 and and CC 5180 1829 43 recessed recess VBN 5180 1829 44 monitors monitor NNS 5180 1829 45 . . . 5180 1830 1 While while IN 5180 1830 2 none none NN 5180 1830 3 of of IN 5180 1830 4 these these DT 5180 1830 5 less less RBR 5180 1830 6 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1830 7 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1830 8 are be VBP 5180 1830 9 perfect perfect JJ 5180 1830 10 , , , 5180 1830 11 the the DT 5180 1830 12 government government NN 5180 1830 13 has have VBZ 5180 1830 14 failed fail VBN 5180 1830 15 to to TO 5180 1830 16 show show VB 5180 1830 17 that that IN 5180 1830 18 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1830 19 are be VBP 5180 1830 20 significantly significantly RB 5180 1830 21 less less RBR 5180 1830 22 effective effective JJ 5180 1830 23 than than IN 5180 1830 24 filtering filter VBG 5180 1830 25 software software NN 5180 1830 26 , , , 5180 1830 27 which which WDT 5180 1830 28 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 1830 29 fails fail VBZ 5180 1830 30 to to TO 5180 1830 31 block block VB 5180 1830 32 access access NN 5180 1830 33 to to IN 5180 1830 34 large large JJ 5180 1830 35 amounts amount NNS 5180 1830 36 of of IN 5180 1830 37 speech speech NN 5180 1830 38 that that WDT 5180 1830 39 fall fall VBP 5180 1830 40 within within IN 5180 1830 41 the the DT 5180 1830 42 categories category NNS 5180 1830 43 sought seek VBD 5180 1830 44 to to TO 5180 1830 45 be be VB 5180 1830 46 blocked block VBN 5180 1830 47 . . . 5180 1831 1 In in IN 5180 1831 2 view view NN 5180 1831 3 of of IN 5180 1831 4 the the DT 5180 1831 5 severe severe JJ 5180 1831 6 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1831 7 of of IN 5180 1831 8 filtering filter VBG 5180 1831 9 technology technology NN 5180 1831 10 and and CC 5180 1831 11 the the DT 5180 1831 12 existence existence NN 5180 1831 13 of of IN 5180 1831 14 these these DT 5180 1831 15 less less RBR 5180 1831 16 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 1831 17 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 1831 18 , , , 5180 1831 19 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1831 20 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1831 21 that that IN 5180 1831 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1831 23 is be VBZ 5180 1831 24 not not RB 5180 1831 25 possible possible JJ 5180 1831 26 for for IN 5180 1831 27 a a DT 5180 1831 28 public public JJ 5180 1831 29 library library NN 5180 1831 30 to to TO 5180 1831 31 comply comply VB 5180 1831 32 with with IN 5180 1831 33 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1831 34 without without IN 5180 1831 35 blocking block VBG 5180 1831 36 a a DT 5180 1831 37 very very RB 5180 1831 38 substantial substantial JJ 5180 1831 39 amount amount NN 5180 1831 40 of of IN 5180 1831 41 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1831 42 protected protect VBN 5180 1831 43 speech speech NN 5180 1831 44 , , , 5180 1831 45 in in IN 5180 1831 46 violation violation NN 5180 1831 47 of of IN 5180 1831 48 the the DT 5180 1831 49 First First NNP 5180 1831 50 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1831 51 . . . 5180 1832 1 Because because IN 5180 1832 2 this this DT 5180 1832 3 conclusion conclusion NN 5180 1832 4 derives derive VBZ 5180 1832 5 from from IN 5180 1832 6 the the DT 5180 1832 7 inherent inherent JJ 5180 1832 8 limits limit NNS 5180 1832 9 of of IN 5180 1832 10 the the DT 5180 1832 11 filtering filter VBG 5180 1832 12 technology technology NN 5180 1832 13 mandated mandate VBN 5180 1832 14 by by IN 5180 1832 15 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1832 16 , , , 5180 1832 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1832 18 holds hold VBZ 5180 1832 19 for for IN 5180 1832 20 any any DT 5180 1832 21 library library NN 5180 1832 22 that that WDT 5180 1832 23 complies comply VBZ 5180 1832 24 with with IN 5180 1832 25 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1832 26 's 's POS 5180 1832 27 conditions condition NNS 5180 1832 28 . . . 5180 1833 1 Hence hence RB 5180 1833 2 , , , 5180 1833 3 even even RB 5180 1833 4 under under IN 5180 1833 5 the the DT 5180 1833 6 stricter strict JJR 5180 1833 7 standard standard NN 5180 1833 8 of of IN 5180 1833 9 facial facial JJ 5180 1833 10 invalidity invalidity NN 5180 1833 11 proposed propose VBN 5180 1833 12 by by IN 5180 1833 13 the the DT 5180 1833 14 government government NN 5180 1833 15 , , , 5180 1833 16 which which WDT 5180 1833 17 would would MD 5180 1833 18 require require VB 5180 1833 19 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1833 20 to to TO 5180 1833 21 uphold uphold VB 5180 1833 22 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1833 23 if if IN 5180 1833 24 only only RB 5180 1833 25 a a DT 5180 1833 26 single single JJ 5180 1833 27 library library NN 5180 1833 28 can can MD 5180 1833 29 comply comply VB 5180 1833 30 with with IN 5180 1833 31 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1833 32 's 's POS 5180 1833 33 conditions condition NNS 5180 1833 34 without without IN 5180 1833 35 violating violate VBG 5180 1833 36 the the DT 5180 1833 37 First First NNP 5180 1833 38 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1833 39 , , , 5180 1833 40 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1833 41 conclude conclude VBP 5180 1833 42 that that IN 5180 1833 43 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1833 44 is be VBZ 5180 1833 45 facially facially RB 5180 1833 46 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1833 47 , , , 5180 1833 48 since since IN 5180 1833 49 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1833 50 will will MD 5180 1833 51 induce induce VB 5180 1833 52 public public JJ 5180 1833 53 libraries library NNS 5180 1833 54 , , , 5180 1833 55 as as IN 5180 1833 56 state state NN 5180 1833 57 actors actor NNS 5180 1833 58 , , , 5180 1833 59 to to TO 5180 1833 60 violate violate VB 5180 1833 61 the the DT 5180 1833 62 First First NNP 5180 1833 63 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1833 64 . . . 5180 1834 1 Because because IN 5180 1834 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1834 3 hold hold VBP 5180 1834 4 that that IN 5180 1834 5 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1834 6 is be VBZ 5180 1834 7 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1834 8 on on IN 5180 1834 9 these these DT 5180 1834 10 grounds ground NNS 5180 1834 11 , , , 5180 1834 12 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1834 13 need need VBP 5180 1834 14 not not RB 5180 1834 15 reach reach VB 5180 1834 16 the the DT 5180 1834 17 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1834 18 ' ' POS 5180 1834 19 alternative alternative JJ 5180 1834 20 theories theory NNS 5180 1834 21 that that WDT 5180 1834 22 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1834 23 is be VBZ 5180 1834 24 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1834 25 as as IN 5180 1834 26 a a DT 5180 1834 27 prior prior JJ 5180 1834 28 restraint restraint NN 5180 1834 29 on on IN 5180 1834 30 speech speech NN 5180 1834 31 and and CC 5180 1834 32 is be VBZ 5180 1834 33 unconstitutionally unconstitutionally RB 5180 1834 34 vague vague JJ 5180 1834 35 . . . 5180 1835 1 Nor nor CC 5180 1835 2 need need VBP 5180 1835 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1835 4 decide decide VBP 5180 1835 5 whether whether IN 5180 1835 6 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1835 7 is be VBZ 5180 1835 8 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1835 9 because because IN 5180 1835 10 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1835 11 requires require VBZ 5180 1835 12 public public JJ 5180 1835 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1835 14 , , , 5180 1835 15 as as IN 5180 1835 16 a a DT 5180 1835 17 condition condition NN 5180 1835 18 on on IN 5180 1835 19 the the DT 5180 1835 20 receipt receipt NN 5180 1835 21 of of IN 5180 1835 22 federal federal JJ 5180 1835 23 funds fund NNS 5180 1835 24 , , , 5180 1835 25 to to TO 5180 1835 26 relinquish relinquish VB 5180 1835 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1835 28 own own JJ 5180 1835 29 First First NNP 5180 1835 30 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1835 31 rights right NNS 5180 1835 32 to to TO 5180 1835 33 provide provide VB 5180 1835 34 the the DT 5180 1835 35 public public NN 5180 1835 36 with with IN 5180 1835 37 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1835 38 Internet internet NN 5180 1835 39 access access NN 5180 1835 40 , , , 5180 1835 41 a a DT 5180 1835 42 theory theory NN 5180 1835 43 that that IN 5180 1835 44 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1835 45 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1835 46 feel feel VBP 5180 1835 47 constrained constrain VBN 5180 1835 48 to to TO 5180 1835 49 discuss discuss VB 5180 1835 50 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1835 51 at at IN 5180 1835 52 length length NN 5180 1835 53 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1835 54 in in IN 5180 1835 55 the the DT 5180 1835 56 margin margin NN 5180 1835 57 . . . 5180 1836 1 Having have VBG 5180 1836 2 determined determine VBN 5180 1836 3 that that IN 5180 1836 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1836 5 violates violate VBZ 5180 1836 6 the the DT 5180 1836 7 First First NNP 5180 1836 8 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1836 9 , , , 5180 1836 10 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1836 11 would would MD 5180 1836 12 usually usually RB 5180 1836 13 be be VB 5180 1836 14 required require VBN 5180 1836 15 to to TO 5180 1836 16 determine determine VB 5180 1836 17 whether whether IN 5180 1836 18 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1836 19 is be VBZ 5180 1836 20 severable severable JJ 5180 1836 21 from from IN 5180 1836 22 the the DT 5180 1836 23 remainder remainder NN 5180 1836 24 of of IN 5180 1836 25 the the DT 5180 1836 26 statutes statute NNS 5180 1836 27 governing govern VBG 5180 1836 28 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1836 29 and and CC 5180 1836 30 E e NN 5180 1836 31 - - NN 5180 1836 32 rate rate NN 5180 1836 33 funding funding NN 5180 1836 34 . . . 5180 1837 1 Neither neither DT 5180 1837 2 party party NN 5180 1837 3 , , , 5180 1837 4 however however RB 5180 1837 5 , , , 5180 1837 6 has have VBZ 5180 1837 7 advanced advance VBN 5180 1837 8 the the DT 5180 1837 9 argument argument NN 5180 1837 10 that that IN 5180 1837 11 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1837 12 is be VBZ 5180 1837 13 not not RB 5180 1837 14 severable severable JJ 5180 1837 15 from from IN 5180 1837 16 the the DT 5180 1837 17 remainder remainder NN 5180 1837 18 the the DT 5180 1837 19 Library Library NNP 5180 1837 20 Services Services NNPS 5180 1837 21 and and CC 5180 1837 22 Technology Technology NNP 5180 1837 23 Act Act NNP 5180 1837 24 and and CC 5180 1837 25 Communications Communications NNP 5180 1837 26 Act Act NNP 5180 1837 27 of of IN 5180 1837 28 1934 1934 CD 5180 1837 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1837 30 the the DT 5180 1837 31 two two CD 5180 1837 32 statutes statute NNS 5180 1837 33 governing govern VBG 5180 1837 34 LSTA lsta NN 5180 1837 35 and and CC 5180 1837 36 E e NN 5180 1837 37 - - NN 5180 1837 38 rate rate NN 5180 1837 39 funding funding NN 5180 1837 40 , , , 5180 1837 41 respectively respectively RB 5180 1837 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1837 43 , , , 5180 1837 44 and and CC 5180 1837 45 at at IN 5180 1837 46 all all DT 5180 1837 47 events event NNS 5180 1837 48 , , , 5180 1837 49 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1837 50 think think VBP 5180 1837 51 that that IN 5180 1837 52 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1837 53 is be VBZ 5180 1837 54 severable severable JJ 5180 1837 55 . . . 5180 1838 1 " " `` 5180 1838 2 The the DT 5180 1838 3 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 1838 4 into into IN 5180 1838 5 whether whether IN 5180 1838 6 a a DT 5180 1838 7 statute statute NN 5180 1838 8 is be VBZ 5180 1838 9 severable severable JJ 5180 1838 10 is be VBZ 5180 1838 11 essentially essentially RB 5180 1838 12 an an DT 5180 1838 13 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 1838 14 into into IN 5180 1838 15 legislative legislative JJ 5180 1838 16 intent intent NN 5180 1838 17 . . . 5180 1838 18 " " '' 5180 1839 1 Minn. Minnesota NNP 5180 1839 2 v. v. IN 5180 1839 3 Mille Mille NNP 5180 1839 4 Lacs Lacs NNP 5180 1839 5 Band Band NNP 5180 1839 6 of of IN 5180 1839 7 Chippewa Chippewa NNP 5180 1839 8 Indians Indians NNPS 5180 1839 9 , , , 5180 1839 10 526 526 CD 5180 1839 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1839 12 172 172 CD 5180 1839 13 , , , 5180 1839 14 191 191 CD 5180 1839 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1839 16 1999 1999 CD 5180 1839 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1839 18 . . . 5180 1840 1 " " `` 5180 1840 2 Unless unless IN 5180 1840 3 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1840 4 is be VBZ 5180 1840 5 evident evident JJ 5180 1840 6 that that IN 5180 1840 7 the the DT 5180 1840 8 legislature legislature NN 5180 1840 9 would would MD 5180 1840 10 not not RB 5180 1840 11 have have VB 5180 1840 12 enacted enact VBN 5180 1840 13 those those DT 5180 1840 14 provisions provision NNS 5180 1840 15 which which WDT 5180 1840 16 are be VBP 5180 1840 17 within within IN 5180 1840 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1840 19 power power NN 5180 1840 20 , , , 5180 1840 21 independently independently RB 5180 1840 22 of of IN 5180 1840 23 that that DT 5180 1840 24 which which WDT 5180 1840 25 is be VBZ 5180 1840 26 not not RB 5180 1840 27 , , , 5180 1840 28 the the DT 5180 1840 29 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1840 30 part part NN 5180 1840 31 may may MD 5180 1840 32 be be VB 5180 1840 33 dropped drop VBN 5180 1840 34 if if IN 5180 1840 35 what what WP 5180 1840 36 is be VBZ 5180 1840 37 left leave VBN 5180 1840 38 is be VBZ 5180 1840 39 fully fully RB 5180 1840 40 operative operative JJ 5180 1840 41 as as IN 5180 1840 42 a a DT 5180 1840 43 law law NN 5180 1840 44 . . . 5180 1840 45 " " '' 5180 1841 1 Buckley Buckley NNP 5180 1841 2 v. v. IN 5180 1841 3 Valeo Valeo NNP 5180 1841 4 , , , 5180 1841 5 424 424 CD 5180 1841 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1841 7 1 1 CD 5180 1841 8 , , , 5180 1841 9 108 108 CD 5180 1841 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1841 11 1976 1976 CD 5180 1841 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1841 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1841 14 internal internal JJ 5180 1841 15 quotation quotation NN 5180 1841 16 marks mark NNS 5180 1841 17 and and CC 5180 1841 18 citation citation NN 5180 1841 19 omitted omit VBD 5180 1841 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1841 21 . . . 5180 1842 1 There there EX 5180 1842 2 is be VBZ 5180 1842 3 no no DT 5180 1842 4 doubt doubt NN 5180 1842 5 that that IN 5180 1842 6 if if IN 5180 1842 7 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1842 8 were be VBD 5180 1842 9 to to TO 5180 1842 10 strike strike VB 5180 1842 11 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1842 12 from from IN 5180 1842 13 the the DT 5180 1842 14 sections section NNS 5180 1842 15 of of IN 5180 1842 16 the the DT 5180 1842 17 United United NNP 5180 1842 18 States States NNP 5180 1842 19 Code Code NNP 5180 1842 20 where where WRB 5180 1842 21 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1842 22 is be VBZ 5180 1842 23 currently currently RB 5180 1842 24 codified codify VBN 5180 1842 25 , , , 5180 1842 26 the the DT 5180 1842 27 remaining remain VBG 5180 1842 28 statutory statutory JJ 5180 1842 29 sections section NNS 5180 1842 30 , , , 5180 1842 31 providing provide VBG 5180 1842 32 eligible eligible JJ 5180 1842 33 public public JJ 5180 1842 34 libraries library NNS 5180 1842 35 with with IN 5180 1842 36 E- e- NN 5180 1842 37 rate rate NN 5180 1842 38 discounts discount NNS 5180 1842 39 and and CC 5180 1842 40 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1842 41 grants grant NNS 5180 1842 42 , , , 5180 1842 43 would would MD 5180 1842 44 be be VB 5180 1842 45 fully fully RB 5180 1842 46 operative operative JJ 5180 1842 47 as as IN 5180 1842 48 law law NN 5180 1842 49 . . . 5180 1843 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1843 2 , , , 5180 1843 3 the the DT 5180 1843 4 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1843 5 and and CC 5180 1843 6 E e NN 5180 1843 7 - - NN 5180 1843 8 rate rate NN 5180 1843 9 programs program NNS 5180 1843 10 existed exist VBN 5180 1843 11 prior prior RB 5180 1843 12 to to IN 5180 1843 13 the the DT 5180 1843 14 enactment enactment NN 5180 1843 15 of of IN 5180 1843 16 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1843 17 in in IN 5180 1843 18 substantially substantially RB 5180 1843 19 the the DT 5180 1843 20 same same JJ 5180 1843 21 form form NN 5180 1843 22 as as IN 5180 1843 23 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1843 24 would would MD 5180 1843 25 exist exist VB 5180 1843 26 were be VBD 5180 1843 27 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1843 28 to to TO 5180 1843 29 strike strike VB 5180 1843 30 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1843 31 and and CC 5180 1843 32 leave leave VB 5180 1843 33 the the DT 5180 1843 34 rest rest NN 5180 1843 35 of of IN 5180 1843 36 the the DT 5180 1843 37 programs program NNS 5180 1843 38 intact intact JJ 5180 1843 39 . . . 5180 1844 1 The the DT 5180 1844 2 second second JJ 5180 1844 3 question question NN 5180 1844 4 , , , 5180 1844 5 whether whether IN 5180 1844 6 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1844 7 would would MD 5180 1844 8 in in IN 5180 1844 9 this this DT 5180 1844 10 case case NN 5180 1844 11 have have VBP 5180 1844 12 chosen choose VBN 5180 1844 13 to to TO 5180 1844 14 repeal repeal VB 5180 1844 15 the the DT 5180 1844 16 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1844 17 and and CC 5180 1844 18 E e NN 5180 1844 19 - - NN 5180 1844 20 rate rate NN 5180 1844 21 subsidy subsidy NN 5180 1844 22 programs program NNS 5180 1844 23 instead instead RB 5180 1844 24 of of IN 5180 1844 25 continuing continue VBG 5180 1844 26 to to TO 5180 1844 27 fund fund VB 5180 1844 28 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1844 29 if if IN 5180 1844 30 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1844 31 had have VBD 5180 1844 32 known know VBN 5180 1844 33 that that IN 5180 1844 34 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1844 35 's 's POS 5180 1844 36 limitations limitation NNS 5180 1844 37 on on IN 5180 1844 38 these these DT 5180 1844 39 programs program NNS 5180 1844 40 were be VBD 5180 1844 41 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 1844 42 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1844 43 , , , 5180 1844 44 is be VBZ 5180 1844 45 less less RBR 5180 1844 46 clear clear JJ 5180 1844 47 . . . 5180 1845 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1845 2 contains contain VBZ 5180 1845 3 " " `` 5180 1845 4 separability separability NN 5180 1845 5 " " '' 5180 1845 6 clauses clause NNS 5180 1845 7 that that DT 5180 1845 8 state state NN 5180 1845 9 that that IN 5180 1845 10 if if IN 5180 1845 11 any any DT 5180 1845 12 of of IN 5180 1845 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1845 14 additions addition NNS 5180 1845 15 to to IN 5180 1845 16 the the DT 5180 1845 17 statutes statute NNS 5180 1845 18 governing govern VBG 5180 1845 19 the the DT 5180 1845 20 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1845 21 and and CC 5180 1845 22 E- e- NN 5180 1845 23 rate rate NN 5180 1845 24 programs program NNS 5180 1845 25 are be VBP 5180 1845 26 found find VBN 5180 1845 27 to to TO 5180 1845 28 be be VB 5180 1845 29 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1845 30 , , , 5180 1845 31 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1845 32 intended intend VBD 5180 1845 33 to to TO 5180 1845 34 effectuate effectuate VB 5180 1845 35 as as RB 5180 1845 36 much much JJ 5180 1845 37 of of IN 5180 1845 38 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1845 39 's 's POS 5180 1845 40 amendments amendment NNS 5180 1845 41 as as IN 5180 1845 42 possible possible JJ 5180 1845 43 . . . 5180 1846 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1846 2 interpret interpret VBP 5180 1846 3 these these DT 5180 1846 4 clauses clause NNS 5180 1846 5 to to TO 5180 1846 6 mean mean VB 5180 1846 7 , , , 5180 1846 8 for for IN 5180 1846 9 example example NN 5180 1846 10 , , , 5180 1846 11 that that IN 5180 1846 12 if if IN 5180 1846 13 a a DT 5180 1846 14 court court NN 5180 1846 15 were be VBD 5180 1846 16 to to TO 5180 1846 17 find find VB 5180 1846 18 that that IN 5180 1846 19 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1846 20 's 's POS 5180 1846 21 requirements requirement NNS 5180 1846 22 are be VBP 5180 1846 23 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1846 24 with with IN 5180 1846 25 respect respect NN 5180 1846 26 to to TO 5180 1846 27 adult adult NN 5180 1846 28 patrons patron NNS 5180 1846 29 , , , 5180 1846 30 but but CC 5180 1846 31 permissible permissible JJ 5180 1846 32 with with IN 5180 1846 33 respect respect NN 5180 1846 34 to to IN 5180 1846 35 minors minor NNS 5180 1846 36 , , , 5180 1846 37 that that IN 5180 1846 38 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1846 39 intended intend VBD 5180 1846 40 to to TO 5180 1846 41 have have VB 5180 1846 42 the the DT 5180 1846 43 court court NN 5180 1846 44 effectuate effectuate VB 5180 1846 45 only only RB 5180 1846 46 the the DT 5180 1846 47 provisions provision NNS 5180 1846 48 with with IN 5180 1846 49 respect respect NN 5180 1846 50 to to IN 5180 1846 51 minors minor NNS 5180 1846 52 . . . 5180 1847 1 These these DT 5180 1847 2 separability separability NN 5180 1847 3 clauses clause NNS 5180 1847 4 do do VBP 5180 1847 5 not not RB 5180 1847 6 speak speak VB 5180 1847 7 to to IN 5180 1847 8 the the DT 5180 1847 9 situation situation NN 5180 1847 10 before before IN 5180 1847 11 us -PRON- PRP 5180 1847 12 , , , 5180 1847 13 however however RB 5180 1847 14 , , , 5180 1847 15 where where WRB 5180 1847 16 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1847 17 have have VBP 5180 1847 18 found find VBN 5180 1847 19 that that IN 5180 1847 20 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1847 21 is be VBZ 5180 1847 22 facially facially RB 5180 1847 23 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1847 24 in in IN 5180 1847 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1847 26 entirety entirety NN 5180 1847 27 . . . 5180 1848 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 5180 1848 2 , , , 5180 1848 3 the the DT 5180 1848 4 government government NN 5180 1848 5 has have VBZ 5180 1848 6 not not RB 5180 1848 7 pointed point VBN 5180 1848 8 to to IN 5180 1848 9 anything anything NN 5180 1848 10 in in IN 5180 1848 11 the the DT 5180 1848 12 legislative legislative JJ 5180 1848 13 history history NN 5180 1848 14 or or CC 5180 1848 15 elsewhere elsewhere RB 5180 1848 16 to to TO 5180 1848 17 suggest suggest VB 5180 1848 18 that that IN 5180 1848 19 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1848 20 intended intend VBD 5180 1848 21 to to TO 5180 1848 22 discontinue discontinue VB 5180 1848 23 funding funding NN 5180 1848 24 under under IN 5180 1848 25 the the DT 5180 1848 26 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1848 27 and and CC 5180 1848 28 E e NN 5180 1848 29 - - NN 5180 1848 30 rate rate NN 5180 1848 31 programs program NNS 5180 1848 32 unless unless IN 5180 1848 33 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1848 34 could could MD 5180 1848 35 effectuate effectuate VB 5180 1848 36 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1848 37 's 's POS 5180 1848 38 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1848 39 on on IN 5180 1848 40 the the DT 5180 1848 41 funding funding NN 5180 1848 42 . . . 5180 1849 1 And and CC 5180 1849 2 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1849 3 's 's POS 5180 1849 4 decision decision NN 5180 1849 5 , , , 5180 1849 6 prior prior RB 5180 1849 7 to to IN 5180 1849 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1849 9 's 's POS 5180 1849 10 enactment enactment NN 5180 1849 11 , , , 5180 1849 12 to to TO 5180 1849 13 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 1849 14 Internet internet NN 5180 1849 15 access access NN 5180 1849 16 through through IN 5180 1849 17 the the DT 5180 1849 18 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1849 19 and and CC 5180 1849 20 E e NN 5180 1849 21 - - HYPH 5180 1849 22 rate rate NN 5180 1849 23 programs program NNS 5180 1849 24 without without IN 5180 1849 25 such such JJ 5180 1849 26 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 1849 27 , , , 5180 1849 28 counsels counsel VBZ 5180 1849 29 that that IN 5180 1849 30 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1849 31 reach reach VBP 5180 1849 32 the the DT 5180 1849 33 opposite opposite JJ 5180 1849 34 conclusion conclusion NN 5180 1849 35 . . . 5180 1850 1 At at IN 5180 1850 2 bottom bottom NN 5180 1850 3 , , , 5180 1850 4 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1850 5 think think VBP 5180 1850 6 that that IN 5180 1850 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1850 8 is be VBZ 5180 1850 9 unclear unclear JJ 5180 1850 10 what what WP 5180 1850 11 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1850 12 's 's POS 5180 1850 13 intent intent NN 5180 1850 14 was be VBD 5180 1850 15 on on IN 5180 1850 16 this this DT 5180 1850 17 point point NN 5180 1850 18 , , , 5180 1850 19 and and CC 5180 1850 20 in in IN 5180 1850 21 the the DT 5180 1850 22 absence absence NN 5180 1850 23 of of IN 5180 1850 24 such such JJ 5180 1850 25 information information NN 5180 1850 26 , , , 5180 1850 27 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1850 28 exercise exercise VBP 5180 1850 29 a a DT 5180 1850 30 presumption presumption NN 5180 1850 31 in in IN 5180 1850 32 favor favor NN 5180 1850 33 of of IN 5180 1850 34 severability severability NN 5180 1850 35 . . . 5180 1851 1 Regan Regan NNP 5180 1851 2 v. v. IN 5180 1851 3 Time Time NNP 5180 1851 4 , , , 5180 1851 5 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 1851 6 , , , 5180 1851 7 468 468 CD 5180 1851 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1851 9 641 641 CD 5180 1851 10 , , , 5180 1851 11 653 653 CD 5180 1851 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1851 13 1984 1984 CD 5180 1851 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1851 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1851 16 " " `` 5180 1851 17 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1851 18 T]he T]he NNP 5180 1851 19 presumption presumption NN 5180 1851 20 is be VBZ 5180 1851 21 in in IN 5180 1851 22 favor favor NN 5180 1851 23 of of IN 5180 1851 24 severability severability NN 5180 1851 25 . . . 5180 1852 1 ") ") `` 5180 1852 2 ; ; : 5180 1852 3 cf cf NN 5180 1852 4 . . . 5180 1853 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 1853 2 v. v. IN 5180 1853 3 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1853 4 Servs Servs NNP 5180 1853 5 . . . 5180 1854 1 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 1854 2 , , , 5180 1854 3 164 164 CD 5180 1854 4 F.3d F.3d NNP 5180 1854 5 757 757 CD 5180 1854 6 , , , 5180 1854 7 773 773 CD 5180 1854 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1854 9 2d 2d NNP 5180 1854 10 Cir Cir NNP 5180 1854 11 . . . 5180 1855 1 1999 1999 CD 5180 1855 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1855 3 , , , 5180 1855 4 aff'd aff'd NNS 5180 1855 5 531 531 CD 5180 1855 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1855 7 533 533 CD 5180 1855 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1855 9 2001 2001 CD 5180 1855 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1855 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1855 12 applying apply VBG 5180 1855 13 a a DT 5180 1855 14 presumption presumption NN 5180 1855 15 in in IN 5180 1855 16 favor favor NN 5180 1855 17 of of IN 5180 1855 18 severability severability NN 5180 1855 19 in in IN 5180 1855 20 the the DT 5180 1855 21 face face NN 5180 1855 22 of of IN 5180 1855 23 uncertainty uncertainty NN 5180 1855 24 whether whether IN 5180 1855 25 Congress Congress NNP 5180 1855 26 intended intend VBD 5180 1855 27 to to TO 5180 1855 28 fund fund VB 5180 1855 29 the the DT 5180 1855 30 Legal Legal NNP 5180 1855 31 Services Services NNPS 5180 1855 32 Corporation Corporation NNP 5180 1855 33 even even RB 5180 1855 34 if if IN 5180 1855 35 a a DT 5180 1855 36 restriction restriction NN 5180 1855 37 on on IN 5180 1855 38 the the DT 5180 1855 39 funding funding NN 5180 1855 40 was be VBD 5180 1855 41 to to TO 5180 1855 42 be be VB 5180 1855 43 declared declare VBN 5180 1855 44 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1855 45 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1855 46 . . . 5180 1856 1 For for IN 5180 1856 2 the the DT 5180 1856 3 foregoing foregoing JJ 5180 1856 4 reasons reason NNS 5180 1856 5 , , , 5180 1856 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1856 7 will will MD 5180 1856 8 enter enter VB 5180 1856 9 a a DT 5180 1856 10 final final JJ 5180 1856 11 judgment judgment NN 5180 1856 12 declaring declare VBG 5180 1856 13 Sections section NNS 5180 1856 14 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 CD 5180 1856 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1856 16 and and CC 5180 1856 17 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 1856 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1856 19 of of IN 5180 1856 20 the the DT 5180 1856 21 Children Children NNPS 5180 1856 22 's 's POS 5180 1856 23 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1856 24 Protection Protection NNP 5180 1856 25 Act Act NNP 5180 1856 26 , , , 5180 1856 27 codified codify VBD 5180 1856 28 at at IN 5180 1856 29 20 20 CD 5180 1856 30 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1857 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1857 2 . . . 5180 1858 1 9134(f 9134(f LS 5180 1858 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1858 3 and and CC 5180 1858 4 47 47 CD 5180 1858 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1859 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1859 2 . . . 5180 1860 1 254(h)(6 254(h)(6 LS 5180 1860 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1860 3 , , , 5180 1860 4 respectively respectively RB 5180 1860 5 , , , 5180 1860 6 to to TO 5180 1860 7 be be VB 5180 1860 8 facially facially RB 5180 1860 9 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1860 10 under under IN 5180 1860 11 the the DT 5180 1860 12 First First NNP 5180 1860 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1860 14 and and CC 5180 1860 15 permanently permanently RB 5180 1860 16 enjoining enjoin VBG 5180 1860 17 the the DT 5180 1860 18 defendants defendant NNS 5180 1860 19 from from IN 5180 1860 20 enforcing enforce VBG 5180 1860 21 those those DT 5180 1860 22 provisions provision NNS 5180 1860 23 . . . 5180 1861 1 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 2 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 3 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 4 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 5 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 6 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 7 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 8 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 9 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 10 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 11 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 12 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 13 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 14 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 15 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 16 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 17 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 18 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 19 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 20 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 21 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 22 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 23 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 24 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 25 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 26 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 27 _ _ NNP 5180 1861 28 Edward Edward NNP 5180 1861 29 R. R. NNP 5180 1861 30 Becker Becker NNP 5180 1861 31 , , , 5180 1861 32 Chief Chief NNP 5180 1861 33 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 1861 34 Judge Judge NNP 5180 1861 35 IN in IN 5180 1861 36 THE the DT 5180 1861 37 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 1861 38 STATES STATES NNP 5180 1861 39 DISTRICT district NN 5180 1861 40 COURT court NN 5180 1861 41 FOR for IN 5180 1861 42 THE the DT 5180 1861 43 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 5180 1861 44 DISTRICT DISTRICT NNP 5180 1861 45 OF of IN 5180 1861 46 PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA NNP 5180 1861 47 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 5180 1861 48 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 5180 1861 49 ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION NNP 5180 1861 50 , , , 5180 1861 51 : : : 5180 1861 52 CIVIL CIVIL NNP 5180 1861 53 ACTION ACTION NNP 5180 1861 54 INC INC NNP 5180 1861 55 . . NNP 5180 1861 56 , , , 5180 1861 57 et et NNP 5180 1861 58 al al NNP 5180 1861 59 . . . 5180 1862 1 : : : 5180 1862 2 : : : 5180 1862 3 v. v. IN 5180 1862 4 : : : 5180 1862 5 : : : 5180 1862 6 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 1862 7 STATES STATES NNP 5180 1862 8 , , , 5180 1862 9 et et NNP 5180 1862 10 al al NNP 5180 1862 11 . . . 5180 1863 1 : : : 5180 1863 2 NO no UH 5180 1863 3 . . . 5180 1864 1 01 01 CD 5180 1864 2 - - HYPH 5180 1864 3 1303 1303 CD 5180 1864 4 - - HYPH 5180 1864 5 - - HYPH 5180 1864 6 - - HYPH 5180 1864 7 - - HYPH 5180 1864 8 - - HYPH 5180 1864 9 - - HYPH 5180 1864 10 - - HYPH 5180 1864 11 - - HYPH 5180 1864 12 - - HYPH 5180 1864 13 - - HYPH 5180 1864 14 - - HYPH 5180 1864 15 - - HYPH 5180 1864 16 - - HYPH 5180 1864 17 - - HYPH 5180 1864 18 - - HYPH 5180 1864 19 - - HYPH 5180 1864 20 - - HYPH 5180 1864 21 - - HYPH 5180 1864 22 - - HYPH 5180 1864 23 - - HYPH 5180 1864 24 - - HYPH 5180 1864 25 - - HYPH 5180 1864 26 - - HYPH 5180 1864 27 - - HYPH 5180 1864 28 - - HYPH 5180 1864 29 - - HYPH 5180 1864 30 - - HYPH 5180 1864 31 - - HYPH 5180 1864 32 - - HYPH 5180 1864 33 - - HYPH 5180 1864 34 - - HYPH 5180 1864 35 - - HYPH 5180 1864 36 - - HYPH 5180 1864 37 MULTNOMAH multnomah JJ 5180 1864 38 COUNTY COUNTY NNP 5180 1864 39 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNS 5180 1864 40 : : : 5180 1864 41 CIVIL civil NN 5180 1864 42 ACTION action NN 5180 1864 43 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 5180 1864 44 , , , 5180 1864 45 et et NNP 5180 1864 46 al al NNP 5180 1864 47 . . . 5180 1865 1 : : : 5180 1865 2 : : : 5180 1865 3 v. v. IN 5180 1865 4 : : : 5180 1865 5 : : : 5180 1865 6 UNITED UNITED NNP 5180 1865 7 STATES state NNS 5180 1865 8 OF of IN 5180 1865 9 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 5180 1865 10 , , , 5180 1865 11 et et NNP 5180 1865 12 al al NNP 5180 1865 13 . . . 5180 1866 1 : : : 5180 1866 2 NO no UH 5180 1866 3 . . . 5180 1867 1 01 01 CD 5180 1867 2 - - SYM 5180 1867 3 1322 1322 CD 5180 1867 4 ORDER ORDER NNP 5180 1867 5 AND and CC 5180 1867 6 NOW now RB 5180 1867 7 , , , 5180 1867 8 this this DT 5180 1867 9 day day NN 5180 1867 10 of of IN 5180 1867 11 May May NNP 5180 1867 12 , , , 5180 1867 13 2002 2002 CD 5180 1867 14 , , , 5180 1867 15 based base VBN 5180 1867 16 on on IN 5180 1867 17 the the DT 5180 1867 18 foregoing forego VBG 5180 1867 19 findings finding NNS 5180 1867 20 of of IN 5180 1867 21 fact fact NN 5180 1867 22 and and CC 5180 1867 23 conclusions conclusion NNS 5180 1867 24 of of IN 5180 1867 25 law law NN 5180 1867 26 , , , 5180 1867 27 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1867 28 is be VBZ 5180 1867 29 hereby hereby NNP 5180 1867 30 ORDERED ORDERED NNP 5180 1867 31 that that DT 5180 1867 32 : : : 5180 1867 33 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1867 34 1 1 LS 5180 1867 35 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1867 36 judgment judgment NN 5180 1867 37 is be VBZ 5180 1867 38 entered enter VBN 5180 1867 39 in in IN 5180 1867 40 favor favor NN 5180 1867 41 of of IN 5180 1867 42 the the DT 5180 1867 43 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1867 44 and and CC 5180 1867 45 against against IN 5180 1867 46 the the DT 5180 1867 47 defendants defendant NNS 5180 1867 48 , , , 5180 1867 49 declaring declare VBG 5180 1867 50 that that IN 5180 1867 51 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1867 52 . . . 5180 1867 53 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1867 54 . . . 5180 1868 1 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 LS 5180 1868 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1868 3 and and CC 5180 1868 4 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 1868 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1868 6 of of IN 5180 1868 7 the the DT 5180 1868 8 Children Children NNPS 5180 1868 9 's 's POS 5180 1868 10 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1868 11 Protection Protection NNP 5180 1868 12 Act Act NNP 5180 1868 13 , , , 5180 1868 14 20 20 CD 5180 1868 15 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1869 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1869 2 . . . 5180 1870 1 9134(f 9134(f LS 5180 1870 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1870 3 and and CC 5180 1870 4 47 47 CD 5180 1870 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1871 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1871 2 . . . 5180 1872 1 254(h)(6 254(h)(6 LS 5180 1872 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1872 3 , , , 5180 1872 4 are be VBP 5180 1872 5 facially facially RB 5180 1872 6 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1872 7 under under IN 5180 1872 8 the the DT 5180 1872 9 First First NNP 5180 1872 10 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1872 11 to to IN 5180 1872 12 the the DT 5180 1872 13 United United NNP 5180 1872 14 States States NNP 5180 1872 15 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 1872 16 ; ; : 5180 1872 17 and and CC 5180 1872 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1872 19 2 2 LS 5180 1872 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1872 21 the the DT 5180 1872 22 United United NNP 5180 1872 23 States States NNP 5180 1872 24 , , , 5180 1872 25 Michael Michael NNP 5180 1872 26 Powell Powell NNP 5180 1872 27 , , , 5180 1872 28 in in IN 5180 1872 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1872 30 official official JJ 5180 1872 31 capacity capacity NN 5180 1872 32 as as IN 5180 1872 33 Chairman Chairman NNP 5180 1872 34 of of IN 5180 1872 35 the the DT 5180 1872 36 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1872 37 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 1872 38 Commission Commission NNP 5180 1872 39 , , , 5180 1872 40 the the DT 5180 1872 41 Federal Federal NNP 5180 1872 42 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 1872 43 Commission Commission NNP 5180 1872 44 , , , 5180 1872 45 Beverly Beverly NNP 5180 1872 46 Sheppard Sheppard NNP 5180 1872 47 , , , 5180 1872 48 in in IN 5180 1872 49 her -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1872 50 official official JJ 5180 1872 51 capacity capacity NN 5180 1872 52 as as IN 5180 1872 53 Acting Acting NNP 5180 1872 54 Director Director NNP 5180 1872 55 of of IN 5180 1872 56 the the DT 5180 1872 57 Institute Institute NNP 5180 1872 58 of of IN 5180 1872 59 Museum Museum NNP 5180 1872 60 and and CC 5180 1872 61 Library Library NNP 5180 1872 62 Services Services NNPS 5180 1872 63 , , , 5180 1872 64 and and CC 5180 1872 65 the the DT 5180 1872 66 Institute Institute NNP 5180 1872 67 of of IN 5180 1872 68 Museum Museum NNP 5180 1872 69 and and CC 5180 1872 70 Library Library NNP 5180 1872 71 Services Services NNPS 5180 1872 72 are be VBP 5180 1872 73 permanently permanently RB 5180 1872 74 enjoined enjoin VBN 5180 1872 75 from from IN 5180 1872 76 withholding withhold VBG 5180 1872 77 federal federal JJ 5180 1872 78 funds fund NNS 5180 1872 79 from from IN 5180 1872 80 any any DT 5180 1872 81 public public JJ 5180 1872 82 library library NN 5180 1872 83 for for IN 5180 1872 84 failure failure NN 5180 1872 85 to to TO 5180 1872 86 comply comply VB 5180 1872 87 with with IN 5180 1872 88 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1872 89 . . . 5180 1872 90 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1872 91 . . . 5180 1873 1 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 LS 5180 1873 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1873 3 and and CC 5180 1873 4 1721(b 1721(b CD 5180 1873 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1873 6 of of IN 5180 1873 7 the the DT 5180 1873 8 Children Children NNPS 5180 1873 9 's 's POS 5180 1873 10 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1873 11 Protection Protection NNP 5180 1873 12 Act Act NNP 5180 1873 13 , , , 5180 1873 14 20 20 CD 5180 1873 15 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1874 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1874 2 . . . 5180 1875 1 9134(f 9134(f LS 5180 1875 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1875 3 and and CC 5180 1875 4 47 47 CD 5180 1875 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1876 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1876 2 . . . 5180 1877 1 254(h)(6 254(h)(6 CD 5180 1877 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1877 3 . . . 5180 1878 1 BY by IN 5180 1878 2 THE the DT 5180 1878 3 COURT COURT NNP 5180 1878 4 : : : 5180 1878 5 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 6 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 7 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 8 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 9 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 10 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 11 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 12 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 13 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 14 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 15 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 16 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 17 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 18 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 19 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 20 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 21 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 22 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 23 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 24 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 25 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 26 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 27 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 28 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 29 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 30 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 31 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 32 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 33 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 34 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 35 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 36 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 37 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 38 _ _ NNP 5180 1878 39 Ch Ch NNP 5180 1878 40 . . . 5180 1879 1 Cir Cir NNS 5180 1879 2 . . . 5180 1880 1 J. J. NNP 5180 1881 1 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 2 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 3 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 4 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 5 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 6 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 7 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 8 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 9 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 10 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 11 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 12 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 13 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 14 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 15 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 16 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 17 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 18 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 19 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 20 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 21 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 22 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 23 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 24 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 25 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 26 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 27 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 28 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 29 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 30 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 31 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 32 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 33 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 34 _ _ NNP 5180 1881 35 J. J. NNP 5180 1882 1 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 2 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 3 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 4 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 5 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 6 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 7 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 8 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 9 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 10 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 11 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 12 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 13 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 14 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 15 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 16 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 17 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 18 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 19 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 20 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 21 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 22 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 23 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 24 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 25 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 26 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 27 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 28 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 29 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 30 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 31 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 32 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 33 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 34 _ _ NNP 5180 1882 35 J. J. NNP 5180 1882 36 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 5180 1882 37 Plaintiffs Plaintiffs NNPS 5180 1882 38 advance advance VBP 5180 1882 39 three three CD 5180 1882 40 other other JJ 5180 1882 41 alternative alternative JJ 5180 1882 42 , , , 5180 1882 43 independent independent JJ 5180 1882 44 grounds ground NNS 5180 1882 45 for for IN 5180 1882 46 holding hold VBG 5180 1882 47 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1882 48 facially facially RB 5180 1882 49 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1882 50 . . . 5180 1883 1 First first RB 5180 1883 2 , , , 5180 1883 3 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1883 4 submit submit VBP 5180 1883 5 that that IN 5180 1883 6 even even RB 5180 1883 7 if if IN 5180 1883 8 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1883 9 will will MD 5180 1883 10 not not RB 5180 1883 11 induce induce VB 5180 1883 12 public public JJ 5180 1883 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1883 14 to to TO 5180 1883 15 violate violate VB 5180 1883 16 the the DT 5180 1883 17 First First NNP 5180 1883 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1883 19 , , , 5180 1883 20 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1883 21 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 1883 22 imposes impose VBZ 5180 1883 23 an an DT 5180 1883 24 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 1883 25 condition condition NN 5180 1883 26 on on IN 5180 1883 27 public public JJ 5180 1883 28 libraries library NNS 5180 1883 29 by by IN 5180 1883 30 requiring require VBG 5180 1883 31 them -PRON- PRP 5180 1883 32 to to TO 5180 1883 33 relinquish relinquish VB 5180 1883 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1883 35 own own JJ 5180 1883 36 First First NNP 5180 1883 37 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1883 38 rights right NNS 5180 1883 39 to to TO 5180 1883 40 provide provide VB 5180 1883 41 unfiltered unfiltered JJ 5180 1883 42 Internet internet NN 5180 1883 43 access access NN 5180 1883 44 as as IN 5180 1883 45 a a DT 5180 1883 46 condition condition NN 5180 1883 47 on on IN 5180 1883 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1883 49 receipt receipt NN 5180 1883 50 of of IN 5180 1883 51 federal federal JJ 5180 1883 52 funds fund NNS 5180 1883 53 . . . 5180 1884 1 See see VB 5180 1884 2 infra infra FW 5180 1884 3 n.36 n.36 NN 5180 1884 4 . . . 5180 1885 1 Second second JJ 5180 1885 2 , , , 5180 1885 3 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1885 4 contend contend VBP 5180 1885 5 that that IN 5180 1885 6 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1885 7 is be VBZ 5180 1885 8 facially facially RB 5180 1885 9 invalid invalid JJ 5180 1885 10 because because IN 5180 1885 11 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1885 12 effects effect VBZ 5180 1885 13 an an DT 5180 1885 14 impermissible impermissible JJ 5180 1885 15 prior prior JJ 5180 1885 16 restraint restraint NN 5180 1885 17 on on IN 5180 1885 18 speech speech NN 5180 1885 19 by by IN 5180 1885 20 granting grant VBG 5180 1885 21 filtering filter VBG 5180 1885 22 companies company NNS 5180 1885 23 and and CC 5180 1885 24 library library JJ 5180 1885 25 staff staff NN 5180 1885 26 unfettered unfettered JJ 5180 1885 27 discretion discretion NN 5180 1885 28 to to IN 5180 1885 29 suppress suppress VB 5180 1885 30 speech speech NN 5180 1885 31 before before IN 5180 1885 32 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1885 33 has have VBZ 5180 1885 34 been be VBN 5180 1885 35 received receive VBN 5180 1885 36 by by IN 5180 1885 37 library library NN 5180 1885 38 patrons patron NNS 5180 1885 39 and and CC 5180 1885 40 before before IN 5180 1885 41 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1885 42 has have VBZ 5180 1885 43 been be VBN 5180 1885 44 subject subject JJ 5180 1885 45 to to IN 5180 1885 46 a a DT 5180 1885 47 judicial judicial JJ 5180 1885 48 determination determination NN 5180 1885 49 that that IN 5180 1885 50 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1885 51 is be VBZ 5180 1885 52 unprotected unprotected JJ 5180 1885 53 under under IN 5180 1885 54 the the DT 5180 1885 55 First First NNP 5180 1885 56 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 1885 57 . . . 5180 1886 1 See see VB 5180 1886 2 Southeastern Southeastern NNP 5180 1886 3 Promotions Promotions NNP 5180 1886 4 , , , 5180 1886 5 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 5180 1886 6 v. v. IN 5180 1886 7 Conrad Conrad NNP 5180 1886 8 , , , 5180 1886 9 420 420 CD 5180 1886 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1886 11 546 546 CD 5180 1886 12 , , , 5180 1886 13 558 558 CD 5180 1886 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1886 15 1975 1975 CD 5180 1886 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1886 17 . . . 5180 1887 1 Finally finally RB 5180 1887 2 , , , 5180 1887 3 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1887 4 submit submit VBP 5180 1887 5 that that IN 5180 1887 6 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1887 7 is be VBZ 5180 1887 8 unconstitutionally unconstitutionally RB 5180 1887 9 vague vague JJ 5180 1887 10 . . . 5180 1888 1 See see VB 5180 1888 2 City City NNP 5180 1888 3 of of IN 5180 1888 4 Chicago Chicago NNP 5180 1888 5 v. v. IN 5180 1888 6 Morales Morales NNP 5180 1888 7 , , , 5180 1888 8 527 527 CD 5180 1888 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 1888 10 41 41 CD 5180 1888 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1888 12 1999 1999 CD 5180 1888 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1888 14 . . . 5180 1889 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1889 2 defines define NNS 5180 1889 3 " " '' 5180 1889 4 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1889 5 m]inor m]inor NNP 5180 1889 6 " " '' 5180 1889 7 as as IN 5180 1889 8 " " `` 5180 1889 9 any any DT 5180 1889 10 individual individual NN 5180 1889 11 who who WP 5180 1889 12 has have VBZ 5180 1889 13 not not RB 5180 1889 14 attained attain VBN 5180 1889 15 the the DT 5180 1889 16 age age NN 5180 1889 17 of of IN 5180 1889 18 17 17 CD 5180 1889 19 years year NNS 5180 1889 20 . . . 5180 1889 21 " " '' 5180 1890 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1890 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1890 3 . . . 5180 1891 1 1721(c 1721(c LS 5180 1891 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1891 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1891 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1891 5 at at IN 5180 1891 6 47 47 CD 5180 1891 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1892 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1892 2 . . . 5180 1893 1 254(h)(7)(D 254(h)(7)(d LS 5180 1893 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1893 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1893 4 . . . 5180 1894 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1894 2 further further RB 5180 1894 3 provides provide VBZ 5180 1894 4 that that IN 5180 1894 5 " " `` 5180 1894 6 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1894 7 o]bscene o]bscene NNP 5180 1894 8 " " '' 5180 1894 9 has have VBZ 5180 1894 10 the the DT 5180 1894 11 meaning meaning NN 5180 1894 12 given give VBN 5180 1894 13 in in IN 5180 1894 14 18 18 CD 5180 1894 15 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1895 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1895 2 . . . 5180 1896 1 1460 1460 CD 5180 1896 2 , , , 5180 1896 3 and and CC 5180 1896 4 " " `` 5180 1896 5 child child NN 5180 1896 6 pornography pornography NN 5180 1896 7 " " '' 5180 1896 8 has have VBZ 5180 1896 9 the the DT 5180 1896 10 meaning meaning NN 5180 1896 11 given give VBN 5180 1896 12 in in IN 5180 1896 13 18 18 CD 5180 1896 14 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNS 5180 1897 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1897 2 . . . 5180 1898 1 2256 2256 CD 5180 1898 2 . . . 5180 1899 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1899 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1899 3 . . . 5180 1900 1 1721(c 1721(c LS 5180 1900 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1900 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1900 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1900 5 at at IN 5180 1900 6 47 47 CD 5180 1900 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1901 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1901 2 . . . 5180 1902 1 254(h)(7)(E 254(h)(7)(e CD 5180 1902 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1902 3 & & CC 5180 1902 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1902 5 F F NNP 5180 1902 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1902 7 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1902 8 . . . 5180 1903 1 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 1903 2 defines define NNS 5180 1903 3 material material NN 5180 1903 4 that that WDT 5180 1903 5 is be VBZ 5180 1903 6 " " `` 5180 1903 7 harmful harmful JJ 5180 1903 8 to to IN 5180 1903 9 minors minor NNS 5180 1903 10 " " '' 5180 1903 11 as as IN 5180 1903 12 : : : 5180 1903 13 any any DT 5180 1903 14 picture picture NN 5180 1903 15 , , , 5180 1903 16 image image NN 5180 1903 17 , , , 5180 1903 18 graphic graphic JJ 5180 1903 19 image image NN 5180 1903 20 file file NN 5180 1903 21 , , , 5180 1903 22 or or CC 5180 1903 23 other other JJ 5180 1903 24 visual visual JJ 5180 1903 25 depiction depiction NN 5180 1903 26 that that WDT 5180 1903 27 – – : 5180 1903 28 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1903 29 i i NN 5180 1903 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1903 31 taken take VBN 5180 1903 32 as as IN 5180 1903 33 a a DT 5180 1903 34 whole whole NN 5180 1903 35 and and CC 5180 1903 36 with with IN 5180 1903 37 respect respect NN 5180 1903 38 to to IN 5180 1903 39 minors minor NNS 5180 1903 40 , , , 5180 1903 41 appeals appeal NNS 5180 1903 42 to to IN 5180 1903 43 a a DT 5180 1903 44 prurient prurient JJ 5180 1903 45 interest interest NN 5180 1903 46 in in IN 5180 1903 47 nudity nudity NN 5180 1903 48 , , , 5180 1903 49 sex sex NN 5180 1903 50 , , , 5180 1903 51 or or CC 5180 1903 52 excretion excretion NN 5180 1903 53 ; ; : 5180 1903 54 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1903 55 ii ii NN 5180 1903 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1903 57 depicts depict VBZ 5180 1903 58 , , , 5180 1903 59 describes describe NNS 5180 1903 60 , , , 5180 1903 61 or or CC 5180 1903 62 represents represent VBZ 5180 1903 63 , , , 5180 1903 64 in in IN 5180 1903 65 a a DT 5180 1903 66 patently patently RB 5180 1903 67 offensive offensive JJ 5180 1903 68 way way NN 5180 1903 69 with with IN 5180 1903 70 respect respect NN 5180 1903 71 to to IN 5180 1903 72 what what WP 5180 1903 73 is be VBZ 5180 1903 74 suitable suitable JJ 5180 1903 75 for for IN 5180 1903 76 minors minor NNS 5180 1903 77 , , , 5180 1903 78 an an DT 5180 1903 79 actual actual JJ 5180 1903 80 or or CC 5180 1903 81 simulated simulate VBN 5180 1903 82 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1903 83 act act NN 5180 1903 84 or or CC 5180 1903 85 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1903 86 contact contact NN 5180 1903 87 , , , 5180 1903 88 actual actual JJ 5180 1903 89 or or CC 5180 1903 90 simulated simulate VBN 5180 1903 91 normal normal JJ 5180 1903 92 or or CC 5180 1903 93 perverted pervert VBD 5180 1903 94 sexual sexual JJ 5180 1903 95 acts act NNS 5180 1903 96 , , , 5180 1903 97 or or CC 5180 1903 98 a a DT 5180 1903 99 lewd lewd JJ 5180 1903 100 exhibition exhibition NN 5180 1903 101 of of IN 5180 1903 102 the the DT 5180 1903 103 genitals genital NNS 5180 1903 104 ; ; : 5180 1903 105 and and CC 5180 1903 106 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1903 107 iii iii NN 5180 1903 108 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1903 109 taken take VBN 5180 1903 110 as as IN 5180 1903 111 a a DT 5180 1903 112 whole whole NN 5180 1903 113 , , , 5180 1903 114 lacks lack VBZ 5180 1903 115 serious serious JJ 5180 1903 116 literary literary JJ 5180 1903 117 , , , 5180 1903 118 artistic artistic JJ 5180 1903 119 , , , 5180 1903 120 political political JJ 5180 1903 121 , , , 5180 1903 122 or or CC 5180 1903 123 scientific scientific JJ 5180 1903 124 value value NN 5180 1903 125 as as IN 5180 1903 126 to to IN 5180 1903 127 minors minor NNS 5180 1903 128 . . . 5180 1904 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1904 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1904 3 . . . 5180 1905 1 1721(c 1721(c LS 5180 1905 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1905 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1905 4 codified codify VBN 5180 1905 5 at at IN 5180 1905 6 47 47 CD 5180 1905 7 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1906 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1906 2 . . . 5180 1907 1 254(h)(7)(G 254(h)(7)(g CD 5180 1907 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1907 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1907 4 . . . 5180 1908 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1908 2 prohibits prohibit VBZ 5180 1908 3 federal federal JJ 5180 1908 4 interference interference NN 5180 1908 5 in in IN 5180 1908 6 local local JJ 5180 1908 7 determinations determination NNS 5180 1908 8 regarding regard VBG 5180 1908 9 what what WP 5180 1908 10 Internet internet NN 5180 1908 11 content content NN 5180 1908 12 is be VBZ 5180 1908 13 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1908 14 for for IN 5180 1908 15 minors minor NNS 5180 1908 16 : : : 5180 1908 17 A a DT 5180 1908 18 determination determination NN 5180 1908 19 regarding regard VBG 5180 1908 20 what what WP 5180 1908 21 matter matter NN 5180 1908 22 is be VBZ 5180 1908 23 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1908 24 for for IN 5180 1908 25 minors minor NNS 5180 1908 26 shall shall MD 5180 1908 27 be be VB 5180 1908 28 made make VBN 5180 1908 29 by by IN 5180 1908 30 the the DT 5180 1908 31 school school NN 5180 1908 32 board board NN 5180 1908 33 , , , 5180 1908 34 local local JJ 5180 1908 35 educational educational JJ 5180 1908 36 agency agency NN 5180 1908 37 , , , 5180 1908 38 library library NN 5180 1908 39 or or CC 5180 1908 40 other other JJ 5180 1908 41 authority authority NN 5180 1908 42 responsible responsible JJ 5180 1908 43 for for IN 5180 1908 44 making make VBG 5180 1908 45 the the DT 5180 1908 46 determination determination NN 5180 1908 47 . . . 5180 1909 1 No no DT 5180 1909 2 agency agency NN 5180 1909 3 or or CC 5180 1909 4 instrumentality instrumentality NN 5180 1909 5 of of IN 5180 1909 6 the the DT 5180 1909 7 United United NNP 5180 1909 8 States States NNP 5180 1909 9 Government Government NNP 5180 1909 10 may may MD 5180 1909 11 – – : 5180 1909 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1909 13 A a NN 5180 1909 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1909 15 establish establish VB 5180 1909 16 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1909 17 for for IN 5180 1909 18 making make VBG 5180 1909 19 such such JJ 5180 1909 20 determination determination NN 5180 1909 21 ; ; , 5180 1909 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1909 23 B b NN 5180 1909 24 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1909 25 review review VB 5180 1909 26 the the DT 5180 1909 27 determination determination NN 5180 1909 28 made make VBN 5180 1909 29 by by IN 5180 1909 30 the the DT 5180 1909 31 certifying certifying NN 5180 1909 32 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1909 33 entity entity NN 5180 1909 34 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1909 35 . . . 5180 1910 1 . . . 5180 1911 1 . . . 5180 1912 1 ; ; : 5180 1912 2 or or CC 5180 1912 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1912 4 C C NNP 5180 1912 5 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1912 6 consider consider VB 5180 1912 7 the the DT 5180 1912 8 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1912 9 employed employ VBN 5180 1912 10 by by IN 5180 1912 11 the the DT 5180 1912 12 certifying certifying NN 5180 1912 13 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1912 14 entity entity NN 5180 1912 15 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1912 16 . . . 5180 1913 1 . . . 5180 1914 1 . . . 5180 1915 1 in in IN 5180 1915 2 the the DT 5180 1915 3 administration administration NN 5180 1915 4 of of IN 5180 1915 5 subsection subsection NN 5180 1915 6 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1915 7 h)(1)(B h)(1)(b UH 5180 1915 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1915 9 . . . 5180 1916 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1916 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1916 3 . . . 5180 1917 1 1732 1732 CD 5180 1917 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1917 3 codified codify VBN 5180 1917 4 at at IN 5180 1917 5 47 47 CD 5180 1917 6 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP 5180 1918 1 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1918 2 . . . 5180 1919 1 254(l)(2 254(l)(2 NNP 5180 1919 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1919 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1919 4 . . . 5180 1920 1 The the DT 5180 1920 2 government government NN 5180 1920 3 challenges challenge VBZ 5180 1920 4 the the DT 5180 1920 5 standing standing NN 5180 1920 6 of of IN 5180 1920 7 several several JJ 5180 1920 8 of of IN 5180 1920 9 the the DT 5180 1920 10 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1920 11 and and CC 5180 1920 12 the the DT 5180 1920 13 ripeness ripeness NN 5180 1920 14 of of IN 5180 1920 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1920 16 claims claim NNS 5180 1920 17 . . . 5180 1921 1 These these DT 5180 1921 2 include include VBP 5180 1921 3 all all DT 5180 1921 4 of of IN 5180 1921 5 the the DT 5180 1921 6 Web web NN 5180 1921 7 site site NN 5180 1921 8 publishers publisher NNS 5180 1921 9 and and CC 5180 1921 10 all all DT 5180 1921 11 of of IN 5180 1921 12 the the DT 5180 1921 13 individual individual JJ 5180 1921 14 library library NN 5180 1921 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 1921 16 . . . 5180 1922 1 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 5180 1922 2 these these DT 5180 1922 3 objections objection NNS 5180 1922 4 , , , 5180 1922 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1922 6 are be VBP 5180 1922 7 confident confident JJ 5180 1922 8 that that IN 5180 1922 9 the the DT 5180 1922 10 " " `` 5180 1922 11 case case NN 5180 1922 12 or or CC 5180 1922 13 controversy controversy NN 5180 1922 14 " " '' 5180 1922 15 requirement requirement NN 5180 1922 16 of of IN 5180 1922 17 Article Article NNP 5180 1922 18 III III NNP 5180 1922 19 , , , 5180 1922 20 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1922 21 . . . 5180 1923 1 2 2 CD 5180 1923 2 of of IN 5180 1923 3 the the DT 5180 1923 4 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 1923 5 is be VBZ 5180 1923 6 met meet VBN 5180 1923 7 by by IN 5180 1923 8 the the DT 5180 1923 9 existence existence NN 5180 1923 10 of of IN 5180 1923 11 the the DT 5180 1923 12 plaintiff plaintiff NN 5180 1923 13 libraries library NNS 5180 1923 14 that that WDT 5180 1923 15 qualify qualify VBP 5180 1923 16 for for IN 5180 1923 17 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1923 18 and and CC 5180 1923 19 E e NN 5180 1923 20 - - NN 5180 1923 21 rate rate NN 5180 1923 22 funding funding NN 5180 1923 23 and and CC 5180 1923 24 the the DT 5180 1923 25 library library NN 5180 1923 26 associations association NNS 5180 1923 27 whose whose WP$ 5180 1923 28 members member NNS 5180 1923 29 qualify qualify VBP 5180 1923 30 for for IN 5180 1923 31 such such JJ 5180 1923 32 funding funding NN 5180 1923 33 . . . 5180 1924 1 These these DT 5180 1924 2 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1924 3 are be VBP 5180 1924 4 faced face VBN 5180 1924 5 with with IN 5180 1924 6 the the DT 5180 1924 7 impending impending JJ 5180 1924 8 choice choice NN 5180 1924 9 of of IN 5180 1924 10 either either DT 5180 1924 11 certifying certify VBG 5180 1924 12 compliance compliance NN 5180 1924 13 with with IN 5180 1924 14 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 1924 15 by by IN 5180 1924 16 July July NNP 5180 1924 17 1 1 CD 5180 1924 18 , , , 5180 1924 19 2002 2002 CD 5180 1924 20 , , , 5180 1924 21 or or CC 5180 1924 22 foregoing forego VBG 5180 1924 23 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 1924 24 under under IN 5180 1924 25 the the DT 5180 1924 26 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 1924 27 and and CC 5180 1924 28 E e NN 5180 1924 29 - - HYPH 5180 1924 30 rate rate NN 5180 1924 31 programs program NNS 5180 1924 32 , , , 5180 1924 33 and and CC 5180 1924 34 therefore therefore RB 5180 1924 35 clearly clearly RB 5180 1924 36 have have VBP 5180 1924 37 standing stand VBG 5180 1924 38 to to TO 5180 1924 39 challenge challenge VB 5180 1924 40 the the DT 5180 1924 41 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 1924 42 of of IN 5180 1924 43 the the DT 5180 1924 44 conditions condition NNS 5180 1924 45 to to TO 5180 1924 46 which which WDT 5180 1924 47 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1924 48 will will MD 5180 1924 49 be be VB 5180 1924 50 subject subject JJ 5180 1924 51 should should MD 5180 1924 52 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1924 53 accept accept VB 5180 1924 54 the the DT 5180 1924 55 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 1924 56 . . . 5180 1925 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1925 2 also also RB 5180 1925 3 note note VBP 5180 1925 4 that that IN 5180 1925 5 the the DT 5180 1925 6 presence presence NN 5180 1925 7 of of IN 5180 1925 8 the the DT 5180 1925 9 Web web NN 5180 1925 10 site site NN 5180 1925 11 publishers publisher NNS 5180 1925 12 and and CC 5180 1925 13 individual individual JJ 5180 1925 14 library library NN 5180 1925 15 patrons patron NNS 5180 1925 16 does do VBZ 5180 1925 17 not not RB 5180 1925 18 affect affect VB 5180 1925 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1925 20 legal legal JJ 5180 1925 21 analysis analysis NN 5180 1925 22 or or CC 5180 1925 23 disposition disposition NN 5180 1925 24 of of IN 5180 1925 25 the the DT 5180 1925 26 case case NN 5180 1925 27 . . . 5180 1926 1 The the DT 5180 1926 2 OCLC oclc NN 5180 1926 3 database database NN 5180 1926 4 , , , 5180 1926 5 a a DT 5180 1926 6 cooperative cooperative JJ 5180 1926 7 cataloging catalog VBG 5180 1926 8 service service NN 5180 1926 9 established establish VBN 5180 1926 10 to to TO 5180 1926 11 facilitate facilitate VB 5180 1926 12 interlibrary interlibrary JJ 5180 1926 13 loan loan NN 5180 1926 14 requests request NNS 5180 1926 15 , , , 5180 1926 16 includes include VBZ 5180 1926 17 40 40 CD 5180 1926 18 million million CD 5180 1926 19 catalog catalog NN 5180 1926 20 records record NNS 5180 1926 21 from from IN 5180 1926 22 approximately approximately RB 5180 1926 23 48,000 48,000 CD 5180 1926 24 libraries library NNS 5180 1926 25 of of IN 5180 1926 26 all all DT 5180 1926 27 types type NNS 5180 1926 28 worldwide worldwide RB 5180 1926 29 . . . 5180 1927 1 Slightly slightly RB 5180 1927 2 more more JJR 5180 1927 3 than than IN 5180 1927 4 400 400 CD 5180 1927 5 of of IN 5180 1927 6 the the DT 5180 1927 7 libraries library NNS 5180 1927 8 in in IN 5180 1927 9 the the DT 5180 1927 10 OCLC oclc NN 5180 1927 11 database database NN 5180 1927 12 are be VBP 5180 1927 13 listed list VBN 5180 1927 14 as as IN 5180 1927 15 carrying carry VBG 5180 1927 16 Playboy Playboy NNP 5180 1927 17 in in IN 5180 1927 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1927 19 collections collection NNS 5180 1927 20 , , , 5180 1927 21 while while IN 5180 1927 22 only only RB 5180 1927 23 eight eight CD 5180 1927 24 subscribe subscribe NN 5180 1927 25 to to IN 5180 1927 26 Hustler Hustler NNP 5180 1927 27 . . . 5180 1928 1 Fort Fort NNP 5180 1928 2 Vancouver Vancouver NNP 5180 1928 3 Regional Regional NNP 5180 1928 4 Library Library NNP 5180 1928 5 , , , 5180 1928 6 for for IN 5180 1928 7 example example NN 5180 1928 8 , , , 5180 1928 9 combines combine VBZ 5180 1928 10 the the DT 5180 1928 11 methods method NNS 5180 1928 12 of of IN 5180 1928 13 strategically strategically RB 5180 1928 14 placing place VBG 5180 1928 15 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1928 16 in in IN 5180 1928 17 low low JJ 5180 1928 18 traffic traffic NN 5180 1928 19 areas area NNS 5180 1928 20 and and CC 5180 1928 21 using use VBG 5180 1928 22 privacy privacy NN 5180 1928 23 screens screen NNS 5180 1928 24 . . . 5180 1929 1 A a DT 5180 1929 2 section section NN 5180 1929 3 headed head VBN 5180 1929 4 " " `` 5180 1929 5 Confidentiality Confidentiality NNP 5180 1929 6 and and CC 5180 1929 7 Privacy Privacy NNP 5180 1929 8 " " '' 5180 1929 9 on on IN 5180 1929 10 the the DT 5180 1929 11 library library NN 5180 1929 12 's 's POS 5180 1929 13 home home NN 5180 1929 14 page page NN 5180 1929 15 states state NNS 5180 1929 16 : : : 5180 1929 17 " " `` 5180 1929 18 in in IN 5180 1929 19 order order NN 5180 1929 20 to to TO 5180 1929 21 protect protect VB 5180 1929 22 the the DT 5180 1929 23 privacy privacy NN 5180 1929 24 of of IN 5180 1929 25 the the DT 5180 1929 26 user user NN 5180 1929 27 and and CC 5180 1929 28 the the DT 5180 1929 29 interests interest NNS 5180 1929 30 of of IN 5180 1929 31 other other JJ 5180 1929 32 library library NN 5180 1929 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 1929 34 , , , 5180 1929 35 the the DT 5180 1929 36 library library NN 5180 1929 37 will will MD 5180 1929 38 attempt attempt VB 5180 1929 39 to to TO 5180 1929 40 minimize minimize VB 5180 1929 41 unintentional unintentional JJ 5180 1929 42 viewing viewing NN 5180 1929 43 of of IN 5180 1929 44 the the DT 5180 1929 45 Internet internet NN 5180 1929 46 . . . 5180 1930 1 This this DT 5180 1930 2 will will MD 5180 1930 3 be be VB 5180 1930 4 done do VBN 5180 1930 5 by by IN 5180 1930 6 use use NN 5180 1930 7 of of IN 5180 1930 8 privacy privacy NN 5180 1930 9 screens screen NNS 5180 1930 10 , , , 5180 1930 11 and and CC 5180 1930 12 by by IN 5180 1930 13 judicious judicious JJ 5180 1930 14 placement placement NN 5180 1930 15 of of IN 5180 1930 16 the the DT 5180 1930 17 terminals terminal NNS 5180 1930 18 and and CC 5180 1930 19 other other JJ 5180 1930 20 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1930 21 means mean NNS 5180 1930 22 . . . 5180 1930 23 " " '' 5180 1931 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 1931 2 , , , 5180 1931 3 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1931 4 granted grant VBD 5180 1931 5 leave leave NN 5180 1931 6 for for IN 5180 1931 7 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 1931 8 's 's POS 5180 1931 9 counsel counsel NN 5180 1931 10 to to TO 5180 1931 11 intervene intervene VB 5180 1931 12 in in IN 5180 1931 13 order order NN 5180 1931 14 to to TO 5180 1931 15 object object VB 5180 1931 16 to to IN 5180 1931 17 testimony testimony NN 5180 1931 18 that that WDT 5180 1931 19 would would MD 5180 1931 20 potentially potentially RB 5180 1931 21 reveal reveal VB 5180 1931 22 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 1931 23 's 's POS 5180 1931 24 trade trade NN 5180 1931 25 secrets secret NNS 5180 1931 26 , , , 5180 1931 27 which which WDT 5180 1931 28 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1931 29 did do VBD 5180 1931 30 on on IN 5180 1931 31 several several JJ 5180 1931 32 occasions occasion NNS 5180 1931 33 . . . 5180 1932 1 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP 5180 1932 2 Nunberg Nunberg NNP 5180 1932 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1932 4 Ph.D. Ph.D. NNP 5180 1932 5 , , , 5180 1932 6 Linguistics Linguistics NNP 5180 1932 7 , , , 5180 1932 8 C.U.N.Y. C.U.N.Y. NNP 5180 1933 1 1977 1977 CD 5180 1933 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1933 3 is be VBZ 5180 1933 4 a a DT 5180 1933 5 researcher researcher NN 5180 1933 6 at at IN 5180 1933 7 the the DT 5180 1933 8 Center Center NNP 5180 1933 9 for for IN 5180 1933 10 the the DT 5180 1933 11 Study Study NNP 5180 1933 12 of of IN 5180 1933 13 Language Language NNP 5180 1933 14 and and CC 5180 1933 15 Information Information NNP 5180 1933 16 at at IN 5180 1933 17 Stanford Stanford NNP 5180 1933 18 University University NNP 5180 1933 19 and and CC 5180 1933 20 a a DT 5180 1933 21 Consulting Consulting NNP 5180 1933 22 Full full JJ 5180 1933 23 Professor professor NN 5180 1933 24 of of IN 5180 1933 25 Linguistics Linguistics NNP 5180 1933 26 at at IN 5180 1933 27 Stanford Stanford NNP 5180 1933 28 University University NNP 5180 1933 29 . . . 5180 1934 1 Until until IN 5180 1934 2 2001 2001 CD 5180 1934 3 , , , 5180 1934 4 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1934 5 was be VBD 5180 1934 6 also also RB 5180 1934 7 a a DT 5180 1934 8 principal principal JJ 5180 1934 9 scientist scientist NN 5180 1934 10 at at IN 5180 1934 11 the the DT 5180 1934 12 Xerox Xerox NNP 5180 1934 13 Palo Palo NNP 5180 1934 14 Alto Alto NNP 5180 1934 15 Research Research NNP 5180 1934 16 Center Center NNP 5180 1934 17 . . . 5180 1935 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1935 2 research research NN 5180 1935 3 centers center VBZ 5180 1935 4 on on IN 5180 1935 5 automated automated JJ 5180 1935 6 classification classification NN 5180 1935 7 systems system NNS 5180 1935 8 , , , 5180 1935 9 with with IN 5180 1935 10 a a DT 5180 1935 11 focus focus NN 5180 1935 12 on on IN 5180 1935 13 classifying classify VBG 5180 1935 14 documents document NNS 5180 1935 15 on on IN 5180 1935 16 the the DT 5180 1935 17 Web web NN 5180 1935 18 with with IN 5180 1935 19 respect respect NN 5180 1935 20 to to IN 5180 1935 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1935 22 linguistic linguistic JJ 5180 1935 23 properties property NNS 5180 1935 24 . . . 5180 1936 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 1936 2 has have VBZ 5180 1936 3 published publish VBN 5180 1936 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1936 5 research research NN 5180 1936 6 in in IN 5180 1936 7 numerous numerous JJ 5180 1936 8 professional professional JJ 5180 1936 9 journals journal NNS 5180 1936 10 , , , 5180 1936 11 including include VBG 5180 1936 12 peer- peer- NN 5180 1936 13 reviewed review VBN 5180 1936 14 journals journal NNS 5180 1936 15 . . . 5180 1937 1 A a DT 5180 1937 2 " " `` 5180 1937 3 cookie cookie NN 5180 1937 4 " " '' 5180 1937 5 is be VBZ 5180 1937 6 " " `` 5180 1937 7 a a DT 5180 1937 8 small small JJ 5180 1937 9 file file NN 5180 1937 10 or or CC 5180 1937 11 part part NN 5180 1937 12 of of IN 5180 1937 13 a a DT 5180 1937 14 file file NN 5180 1937 15 stored store VBN 5180 1937 16 on on IN 5180 1937 17 a a DT 5180 1937 18 World World NNP 5180 1937 19 Wide Wide NNP 5180 1937 20 Web web NN 5180 1937 21 user user NN 5180 1937 22 's 's POS 5180 1937 23 computer computer NN 5180 1937 24 , , , 5180 1937 25 created create VBN 5180 1937 26 and and CC 5180 1937 27 subsequently subsequently RB 5180 1937 28 read read VBN 5180 1937 29 by by IN 5180 1937 30 a a DT 5180 1937 31 Web web NN 5180 1937 32 site site NN 5180 1937 33 server server NN 5180 1937 34 , , , 5180 1937 35 and and CC 5180 1937 36 containing contain VBG 5180 1937 37 personal personal JJ 5180 1937 38 information information NN 5180 1937 39 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1937 40 as as IN 5180 1937 41 a a DT 5180 1937 42 user user NN 5180 1937 43 identification identification NN 5180 1937 44 code code NN 5180 1937 45 , , , 5180 1937 46 customized customized JJ 5180 1937 47 preferences preference NNS 5180 1937 48 , , , 5180 1937 49 or or CC 5180 1937 50 a a DT 5180 1937 51 record record NN 5180 1937 52 of of IN 5180 1937 53 pages page NNS 5180 1937 54 visited visit VBN 5180 1937 55 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1937 56 . . . 5180 1937 57 " " '' 5180 1938 1 Merriam Merriam NNP 5180 1938 2 - - HYPH 5180 1938 3 Webster Webster NNP 5180 1938 4 's 's POS 5180 1938 5 Collegiate Collegiate NNP 5180 1938 6 Dictionary Dictionary NNP 5180 1938 7 , , , 5180 1938 8 available available JJ 5180 1938 9 at at IN 5180 1938 10 http://www.m-w.com/dictionary.htm http://www.m-w.com/dictionary.htm ADD 5180 1938 11 . . . 5180 1939 1 Hunter Hunter NNP 5180 1939 2 drew draw VBD 5180 1939 3 three three CD 5180 1939 4 different different JJ 5180 1939 5 " " `` 5180 1939 6 samples sample NNS 5180 1939 7 " " '' 5180 1939 8 for for IN 5180 1939 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1939 10 test test NN 5180 1939 11 . . . 5180 1940 1 The the DT 5180 1940 2 first first JJ 5180 1940 3 consisted consist VBN 5180 1940 4 of of IN 5180 1940 5 " " `` 5180 1940 6 50 50 CD 5180 1940 7 randomly randomly RB 5180 1940 8 generated generate VBN 5180 1940 9 Web web NN 5180 1940 10 pages page NNS 5180 1940 11 from from IN 5180 1940 12 the the DT 5180 1940 13 Webcrawler Webcrawler NNP 5180 1940 14 search search NN 5180 1940 15 engine engine NN 5180 1940 16 . . . 5180 1940 17 " " '' 5180 1941 1 The the DT 5180 1941 2 " " `` 5180 1941 3 second second JJ 5180 1941 4 sample sample NN 5180 1941 5 of of IN 5180 1941 6 50 50 CD 5180 1941 7 Web web NN 5180 1941 8 pages page NNS 5180 1941 9 was be VBD 5180 1941 10 drawn draw VBN 5180 1941 11 from from IN 5180 1941 12 searches search NNS 5180 1941 13 for for IN 5180 1941 14 the the DT 5180 1941 15 terms term NNS 5180 1941 16 ' ' POS 5180 1941 17 yahoo yahoo NNP 5180 1941 18 , , , 5180 1941 19 warez warez NNP 5180 1941 20 , , , 5180 1941 21 hotmail hotmail NN 5180 1941 22 , , , 5180 1941 23 sex sex NN 5180 1941 24 , , , 5180 1941 25 and and CC 5180 1941 26 MP3 mp3 NN 5180 1941 27 , , , 5180 1941 28 ' ' '' 5180 1941 29 using use VBG 5180 1941 30 the the DT 5180 1941 31 AltaVista.com altavista.com ADD 5180 1941 32 search search NN 5180 1941 33 engine engine NN 5180 1941 34 . . . 5180 1941 35 " " '' 5180 1942 1 And and CC 5180 1942 2 the the DT 5180 1942 3 " " `` 5180 1942 4 final final JJ 5180 1942 5 sample sample NN 5180 1942 6 of of IN 5180 1942 7 100 100 CD 5180 1942 8 Web web NN 5180 1942 9 sites site NNS 5180 1942 10 was be VBD 5180 1942 11 drawn draw VBN 5180 1942 12 from from IN 5180 1942 13 the the DT 5180 1942 14 sites site NNS 5180 1942 15 of of IN 5180 1942 16 organizations organization NNS 5180 1942 17 who who WP 5180 1942 18 filed file VBD 5180 1942 19 amicus amicus JJ 5180 1942 20 briefs brief NNS 5180 1942 21 in in IN 5180 1942 22 support support NN 5180 1942 23 of of IN 5180 1942 24 the the DT 5180 1942 25 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 1942 26 's 's POS 5180 1942 27 challenges challenge NNS 5180 1942 28 to to IN 5180 1942 29 the the DT 5180 1942 30 Community Community NNP 5180 1942 31 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1942 32 sic sic NN 5180 1942 33 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1942 34 Decency Decency NNP 5180 1942 35 Act Act NNP 5180 1942 36 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1942 37 CDA CDA NNP 5180 1942 38 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1942 39 and and CC 5180 1942 40 COPA COPA NNP 5180 1942 41 [ [ -LRB- 5180 1942 42 the the DT 5180 1942 43 Children Children NNPS 5180 1942 44 's 's POS 5180 1942 45 Online Online NNP 5180 1942 46 Protection Protection NNP 5180 1942 47 Act Act NNP 5180 1942 48 ] ] -RRB- 5180 1942 49 , , , 5180 1942 50 and and CC 5180 1942 51 from from IN 5180 1942 52 Internet internet NN 5180 1942 53 portals portal NNS 5180 1942 54 , , , 5180 1942 55 political political JJ 5180 1942 56 Web web NN 5180 1942 57 sites site NNS 5180 1942 58 , , , 5180 1942 59 feminist feminist JJ 5180 1942 60 Web web NN 5180 1942 61 sites site NNS 5180 1942 62 , , , 5180 1942 63 hate hate NN 5180 1942 64 speech speech NN 5180 1942 65 sites site NNS 5180 1942 66 , , , 5180 1942 67 gambling gambling NN 5180 1942 68 sites site NNS 5180 1942 69 , , , 5180 1942 70 religious religious JJ 5180 1942 71 sites site NNS 5180 1942 72 , , , 5180 1942 73 gay gay JJ 5180 1942 74 pride pride NN 5180 1942 75 / / SYM 5180 1942 76 homosexual homosexual JJ 5180 1942 77 sites site NNS 5180 1942 78 , , , 5180 1942 79 alcohol alcohol NN 5180 1942 80 , , , 5180 1942 81 tobacco tobacco NN 5180 1942 82 , , , 5180 1942 83 and and CC 5180 1942 84 drug drug NN 5180 1942 85 sites site NNS 5180 1942 86 , , , 5180 1942 87 pornography pornography NN 5180 1942 88 sites site NNS 5180 1942 89 , , , 5180 1942 90 new new JJ 5180 1942 91 sites site NNS 5180 1942 92 , , , 5180 1942 93 violent violent JJ 5180 1942 94 game game NN 5180 1942 95 sites site NNS 5180 1942 96 , , , 5180 1942 97 safe safe JJ 5180 1942 98 sex sex NN 5180 1942 99 sites site NNS 5180 1942 100 , , , 5180 1942 101 and and CC 5180 1942 102 pro pro JJ 5180 1942 103 and and CC 5180 1942 104 anti anti JJ 5180 1942 105 - - JJ 5180 1942 106 abortion abortion JJ 5180 1942 107 sites site NNS 5180 1942 108 listed list VBN 5180 1942 109 on on IN 5180 1942 110 the the DT 5180 1942 111 popular popular JJ 5180 1942 112 Web web NN 5180 1942 113 directory directory NN 5180 1942 114 , , , 5180 1942 115 Yahoo.com Yahoo.com NNP 5180 1942 116 . . . 5180 1942 117 " " '' 5180 1943 1 Lemmons lemmon NNS 5180 1943 2 testified testify VBD 5180 1943 3 that that IN 5180 1943 4 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1943 5 compiled compile VBD 5180 1943 6 the the DT 5180 1943 7 list list NN 5180 1943 8 of of IN 5180 1943 9 sexually sexually RB 5180 1943 10 explicit explicit JJ 5180 1943 11 sites site NNS 5180 1943 12 that that WDT 5180 1943 13 should should MD 5180 1943 14 have have VB 5180 1943 15 been be VBN 5180 1943 16 blocked block VBN 5180 1943 17 by by IN 5180 1943 18 entering enter VBG 5180 1943 19 the the DT 5180 1943 20 terms term NNS 5180 1943 21 " " `` 5180 1943 22 free free JJ 5180 1943 23 adult adult NN 5180 1943 24 sex sex NN 5180 1943 25 , , , 5180 1943 26 anal anal JJ 5180 1943 27 sex sex NN 5180 1943 28 , , , 5180 1943 29 oral oral JJ 5180 1943 30 sex sex NN 5180 1943 31 , , , 5180 1943 32 fisting fiste VBG 5180 1943 33 lesbians lesbian NNS 5180 1943 34 , , , 5180 1943 35 gay gay JJ 5180 1943 36 sex sex NN 5180 1943 37 , , , 5180 1943 38 interracial interracial JJ 5180 1943 39 sex sex NN 5180 1943 40 , , , 5180 1943 41 big big JJ 5180 1943 42 tits tit NNS 5180 1943 43 , , , 5180 1943 44 blow blow VB 5180 1943 45 job job NN 5180 1943 46 , , , 5180 1943 47 shaved shave VBD 5180 1943 48 pussy pussy JJ 5180 1943 49 , , , 5180 1943 50 and and CC 5180 1943 51 bondage bondage VB 5180 1943 52 " " '' 5180 1943 53 into into IN 5180 1943 54 the the DT 5180 1943 55 Google Google NNP 5180 1943 56 search search NN 5180 1943 57 engine engine NN 5180 1943 58 and and CC 5180 1943 59 then then RB 5180 1943 60 " " `` 5180 1943 61 surfing surf VBG 5180 1943 62 " " '' 5180 1943 63 through through IN 5180 1943 64 links link NNS 5180 1943 65 from from IN 5180 1943 66 pages page NNS 5180 1943 67 generated generate VBN 5180 1943 68 by by IN 5180 1943 69 the the DT 5180 1943 70 list list NN 5180 1943 71 of of IN 5180 1943 72 sites site NNS 5180 1943 73 that that IN 5180 1943 74 the the DT 5180 1943 75 search search NN 5180 1943 76 engine engine NN 5180 1943 77 returned return VBD 5180 1943 78 . . . 5180 1944 1 Using use VBG 5180 1944 2 this this DT 5180 1944 3 method method NN 5180 1944 4 , , , 5180 1944 5 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1944 6 compiled compile VBD 5180 1944 7 a a DT 5180 1944 8 list list NN 5180 1944 9 of of IN 5180 1944 10 197 197 CD 5180 1944 11 sites site NNS 5180 1944 12 that that WDT 5180 1944 13 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1944 14 determined determine VBD 5180 1944 15 should should MD 5180 1944 16 be be VB 5180 1944 17 blocked block VBN 5180 1944 18 according accord VBG 5180 1944 19 to to IN 5180 1944 20 the the DT 5180 1944 21 filtering filtering NN 5180 1944 22 programs program NNS 5180 1944 23 ' ' POS 5180 1944 24 category category NN 5180 1944 25 definitions definition NNS 5180 1944 26 . . . 5180 1945 1 Lemmons lemmon NNS 5180 1945 2 also also RB 5180 1945 3 attempted attempt VBD 5180 1945 4 to to TO 5180 1945 5 compile compile VB 5180 1945 6 a a DT 5180 1945 7 list list NN 5180 1945 8 of of IN 5180 1945 9 " " `` 5180 1945 10 sensitive sensitive JJ 5180 1945 11 " " '' 5180 1945 12 Web web NN 5180 1945 13 sites site NNS 5180 1945 14 that that WDT 5180 1945 15 , , , 5180 1945 16 although although IN 5180 1945 17 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1945 18 should should MD 5180 1945 19 not not RB 5180 1945 20 have have VB 5180 1945 21 been be VBN 5180 1945 22 blocked block VBN 5180 1945 23 according accord VBG 5180 1945 24 to to IN 5180 1945 25 the the DT 5180 1945 26 filtering filtering NN 5180 1945 27 programs program NNS 5180 1945 28 ' ' POS 5180 1945 29 category category NN 5180 1945 30 definitions definition NNS 5180 1945 31 , , , 5180 1945 32 might may MD 5180 1945 33 have have VB 5180 1945 34 been be VBN 5180 1945 35 mistakenly mistakenly RB 5180 1945 36 blocked block VBN 5180 1945 37 . . . 5180 1946 1 In in IN 5180 1946 2 order order NN 5180 1946 3 to to TO 5180 1946 4 do do VB 5180 1946 5 this this DT 5180 1946 6 , , , 5180 1946 7 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1946 8 used use VBD 5180 1946 9 the the DT 5180 1946 10 same same JJ 5180 1946 11 method method NN 5180 1946 12 of of IN 5180 1946 13 entering enter VBG 5180 1946 14 terms term NNS 5180 1946 15 into into IN 5180 1946 16 the the DT 5180 1946 17 Google Google NNP 5180 1946 18 search search NN 5180 1946 19 engine engine NN 5180 1946 20 and and CC 5180 1946 21 surfing surf VBG 5180 1946 22 through through IN 5180 1946 23 the the DT 5180 1946 24 results result NNS 5180 1946 25 . . . 5180 1947 1 He -PRON- PRP 5180 1947 2 used use VBD 5180 1947 3 the the DT 5180 1947 4 following follow VBG 5180 1947 5 terms term NNS 5180 1947 6 to to TO 5180 1947 7 compile compile VB 5180 1947 8 this this DT 5180 1947 9 list list NN 5180 1947 10 : : : 5180 1947 11 " " `` 5180 1947 12 breast breast NN 5180 1947 13 feeding feeding NN 5180 1947 14 , , , 5180 1947 15 bondages bondage NNS 5180 1947 16 , , , 5180 1947 17 fetishes fetish NNS 5180 1947 18 , , , 5180 1947 19 ebony ebony NN 5180 1947 20 , , , 5180 1947 21 gay gay JJ 5180 1947 22 issues issue NNS 5180 1947 23 , , , 5180 1947 24 women woman NNS 5180 1947 25 's 's POS 5180 1947 26 health health NN 5180 1947 27 , , , 5180 1947 28 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 1947 29 , , , 5180 1947 30 homosexual homosexual JJ 5180 1947 31 , , , 5180 1947 32 vagina vagina NNP 5180 1947 33 , , , 5180 1947 34 vaginal vaginal JJ 5180 1947 35 dryness dryness NN 5180 1947 36 , , , 5180 1947 37 pain pain NN 5180 1947 38 , , , 5180 1947 39 anal anal JJ 5180 1947 40 cancer cancer NN 5180 1947 41 , , , 5180 1947 42 teen teen NN 5180 1947 43 issues issue NNS 5180 1947 44 , , , 5180 1947 45 safe safe JJ 5180 1947 46 sex sex NN 5180 1947 47 , , , 5180 1947 48 penis penis NN 5180 1947 49 , , , 5180 1947 50 pregnant pregnant JJ 5180 1947 51 , , , 5180 1947 52 interracial interracial JJ 5180 1947 53 , , , 5180 1947 54 sex sex NN 5180 1947 55 education education NN 5180 1947 56 , , , 5180 1947 57 penis penis NN 5180 1947 58 enlargement enlargement NN 5180 1947 59 , , , 5180 1947 60 breast breast NN 5180 1947 61 enlargement enlargement NN 5180 1947 62 , , , 5180 1947 63 . . . 5180 1948 1 . . . 5180 1949 1 . . . 5180 1950 1 and and CC 5180 1950 2 shave shave VB 5180 1950 3 . . . 5180 1950 4 " " '' 5180 1951 1 If if IN 5180 1951 2 separate separate JJ 5180 1951 3 patrons patron NNS 5180 1951 4 attempted attempt VBD 5180 1951 5 to to TO 5180 1951 6 reach reach VB 5180 1951 7 the the DT 5180 1951 8 same same JJ 5180 1951 9 Web web NN 5180 1951 10 site site NN 5180 1951 11 , , , 5180 1951 12 or or CC 5180 1951 13 one one CD 5180 1951 14 or or CC 5180 1951 15 more more JJR 5180 1951 16 patrons patron NNS 5180 1951 17 attempted attempt VBD 5180 1951 18 to to TO 5180 1951 19 access access VB 5180 1951 20 more more JJR 5180 1951 21 than than IN 5180 1951 22 one one CD 5180 1951 23 page page NN 5180 1951 24 on on IN 5180 1951 25 a a DT 5180 1951 26 single single JJ 5180 1951 27 Web web NN 5180 1951 28 site site NN 5180 1951 29 , , , 5180 1951 30 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 1951 31 counted count VBD 5180 1951 32 these these DT 5180 1951 33 attempts attempt NNS 5180 1951 34 as as IN 5180 1951 35 a a DT 5180 1951 36 single single JJ 5180 1951 37 block block NN 5180 1951 38 . . . 5180 1952 1 For for IN 5180 1952 2 example example NN 5180 1952 3 , , , 5180 1952 4 the the DT 5180 1952 5 total total JJ 5180 1952 6 number number NN 5180 1952 7 of of IN 5180 1952 8 blocked block VBN 5180 1952 9 requests request NNS 5180 1952 10 for for IN 5180 1952 11 Web web NN 5180 1952 12 pages page NNS 5180 1952 13 at at IN 5180 1952 14 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 1952 15 Library Library NNP 5180 1952 16 during during IN 5180 1952 17 the the DT 5180 1952 18 logged log VBN 5180 1952 19 period period NN 5180 1952 20 was be VBD 5180 1952 21 2,812 2,812 CD 5180 1952 22 , , , 5180 1952 23 but but CC 5180 1952 24 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 1952 25 counted count VBD 5180 1952 26 this this DT 5180 1952 27 as as IN 5180 1952 28 only only RB 5180 1952 29 895 895 CD 5180 1952 30 blocks block NNS 5180 1952 31 of of IN 5180 1952 32 unique unique JJ 5180 1952 33 Web web NN 5180 1952 34 sites site NNS 5180 1952 35 . . . 5180 1953 1 Of of IN 5180 1953 2 the the DT 5180 1953 3 895 895 CD 5180 1953 4 unique unique JJ 5180 1953 5 blocked block VBN 5180 1953 6 sites site NNS 5180 1953 7 , , , 5180 1953 8 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 1953 9 was be VBD 5180 1953 10 unable unable JJ 5180 1953 11 to to TO 5180 1953 12 access access VB 5180 1953 13 59 59 CD 5180 1953 14 , , , 5180 1953 15 yielding yield VBG 5180 1953 16 836 836 CD 5180 1953 17 unique unique JJ 5180 1953 18 blocked block VBN 5180 1953 19 sites site NNS 5180 1953 20 for for IN 5180 1953 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1953 22 team team NN 5180 1953 23 to to TO 5180 1953 24 review review VB 5180 1953 25 . . . 5180 1954 1 The the DT 5180 1954 2 confidence confidence NN 5180 1954 3 intervals interval NNS 5180 1954 4 that that WDT 5180 1954 5 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 1954 6 calculated calculate VBD 5180 1954 7 represent represent VBP 5180 1954 8 the the DT 5180 1954 9 range range NN 5180 1954 10 of of IN 5180 1954 11 percentages percentage NNS 5180 1954 12 within within IN 5180 1954 13 which which WDT 5180 1954 14 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1954 15 can can MD 5180 1954 16 be be VB 5180 1954 17 95 95 CD 5180 1954 18 % % NN 5180 1954 19 confident confident JJ 5180 1954 20 that that IN 5180 1954 21 the the DT 5180 1954 22 actual actual JJ 5180 1954 23 rate rate NN 5180 1954 24 of of IN 5180 1954 25 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1954 26 in in IN 5180 1954 27 that that DT 5180 1954 28 particular particular JJ 5180 1954 29 library library NN 5180 1954 30 falls fall NNS 5180 1954 31 . . . 5180 1955 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 1955 2 note note VBP 5180 1955 3 that that IN 5180 1955 4 these these DT 5180 1955 5 confidence confidence NN 5180 1955 6 intervals interval NNS 5180 1955 7 assume assume VBP 5180 1955 8 that that IN 5180 1955 9 the the DT 5180 1955 10 time time NN 5180 1955 11 period period NN 5180 1955 12 for for IN 5180 1955 13 which which WDT 5180 1955 14 the the DT 5180 1955 15 study study NN 5180 1955 16 assessed assess VBD 5180 1955 17 the the DT 5180 1955 18 library library NN 5180 1955 19 's 's POS 5180 1955 20 internet internet NN 5180 1955 21 logs logs NN 5180 1955 22 constitutes constitute VBZ 5180 1955 23 a a DT 5180 1955 24 random random JJ 5180 1955 25 and and CC 5180 1955 26 representative representative JJ 5180 1955 27 sample sample NN 5180 1955 28 . . . 5180 1956 1 To to TO 5180 1956 2 illustrate illustrate VB 5180 1956 3 the the DT 5180 1956 4 two two CD 5180 1956 5 different different JJ 5180 1956 6 methods method NNS 5180 1956 7 , , , 5180 1956 8 consider consider VB 5180 1956 9 a a DT 5180 1956 10 random random JJ 5180 1956 11 sample sample NN 5180 1956 12 of of IN 5180 1956 13 1010 1010 CD 5180 1956 14 web web NN 5180 1956 15 sites site NNS 5180 1956 16 taken take VBN 5180 1956 17 from from IN 5180 1956 18 a a DT 5180 1956 19 library library NN 5180 1956 20 's 's POS 5180 1956 21 Internet internet NN 5180 1956 22 use use NN 5180 1956 23 log log NN 5180 1956 24 , , , 5180 1956 25 10 10 CD 5180 1956 26 of of IN 5180 1956 27 which which WDT 5180 1956 28 fall fall VBP 5180 1956 29 within within IN 5180 1956 30 the the DT 5180 1956 31 category category NN 5180 1956 32 that that WDT 5180 1956 33 a a DT 5180 1956 34 filter filter NN 5180 1956 35 is be VBZ 5180 1956 36 intended intend VBN 5180 1956 37 to to TO 5180 1956 38 block block VB 5180 1956 39 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1956 40 e.g. e.g. RB 5180 1956 41 , , , 5180 1956 42 pornography pornography NN 5180 1956 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1956 44 , , , 5180 1956 45 and and CC 5180 1956 46 suppose suppose VB 5180 1956 47 that that IN 5180 1956 48 the the DT 5180 1956 49 filter filter NN 5180 1956 50 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 1956 51 failed fail VBD 5180 1956 52 to to TO 5180 1956 53 block block VB 5180 1956 54 2 2 CD 5180 1956 55 of of IN 5180 1956 56 the the DT 5180 1956 57 10 10 CD 5180 1956 58 sites site NNS 5180 1956 59 that that IN 5180 1956 60 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1956 61 should should MD 5180 1956 62 have have VB 5180 1956 63 blocked block VBN 5180 1956 64 and and CC 5180 1956 65 did do VBD 5180 1956 66 not not RB 5180 1956 67 block block VB 5180 1956 68 any any DT 5180 1956 69 sites site NNS 5180 1956 70 that that WDT 5180 1956 71 should should MD 5180 1956 72 not not RB 5180 1956 73 have have VB 5180 1956 74 been be VBN 5180 1956 75 blocked block VBN 5180 1956 76 . . . 5180 1957 1 The the DT 5180 1957 2 standard standard JJ 5180 1957 3 method method NN 5180 1957 4 of of IN 5180 1957 5 quantifying quantify VBG 5180 1957 6 the the DT 5180 1957 7 rate rate NN 5180 1957 8 of of IN 5180 1957 9 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1957 10 would would MD 5180 1957 11 divide divide VB 5180 1957 12 the the DT 5180 1957 13 number number NN 5180 1957 14 of of IN 5180 1957 15 sites site NNS 5180 1957 16 in in IN 5180 1957 17 the the DT 5180 1957 18 sample sample NN 5180 1957 19 that that WDT 5180 1957 20 the the DT 5180 1957 21 filter filter NN 5180 1957 22 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 1957 23 failed fail VBD 5180 1957 24 to to TO 5180 1957 25 block block VB 5180 1957 26 by by IN 5180 1957 27 the the DT 5180 1957 28 number number NN 5180 1957 29 of of IN 5180 1957 30 sites site NNS 5180 1957 31 in in IN 5180 1957 32 the the DT 5180 1957 33 sample sample NN 5180 1957 34 that that WDT 5180 1957 35 the the DT 5180 1957 36 filter filter NN 5180 1957 37 should should MD 5180 1957 38 have have VB 5180 1957 39 blocked block VBN 5180 1957 40 , , , 5180 1957 41 yielding yield VBG 5180 1957 42 an an DT 5180 1957 43 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1957 44 rate rate NN 5180 1957 45 in in IN 5180 1957 46 this this DT 5180 1957 47 example example NN 5180 1957 48 of of IN 5180 1957 49 20 20 CD 5180 1957 50 % % NN 5180 1957 51 . . . 5180 1958 1 Finnell Finnell NNP 5180 1958 2 's 's POS 5180 1958 3 study study NN 5180 1958 4 , , , 5180 1958 5 however however RB 5180 1958 6 , , , 5180 1958 7 calculated calculate VBD 5180 1958 8 the the DT 5180 1958 9 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1958 10 rate rate NN 5180 1958 11 by by IN 5180 1958 12 dividing divide VBG 5180 1958 13 the the DT 5180 1958 14 number number NN 5180 1958 15 of of IN 5180 1958 16 sites site NNS 5180 1958 17 that that IN 5180 1958 18 the the DT 5180 1958 19 filter filter NN 5180 1958 20 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 1958 21 failed fail VBD 5180 1958 22 to to TO 5180 1958 23 block block VB 5180 1958 24 by by IN 5180 1958 25 the the DT 5180 1958 26 total total JJ 5180 1958 27 number number NN 5180 1958 28 of of IN 5180 1958 29 sites site NNS 5180 1958 30 in in IN 5180 1958 31 the the DT 5180 1958 32 sample sample NN 5180 1958 33 that that WDT 5180 1958 34 were be VBD 5180 1958 35 not not RB 5180 1958 36 blocked block VBN 5180 1958 37 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1958 38 whether whether CC 5180 1958 39 correctly correctly RB 5180 1958 40 or or CC 5180 1958 41 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 1958 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1958 43 yielding yield VBG 5180 1958 44 an an DT 5180 1958 45 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1958 46 rate rate NN 5180 1958 47 in in IN 5180 1958 48 this this DT 5180 1958 49 example example NN 5180 1958 50 of of IN 5180 1958 51 only only RB 5180 1958 52 .2 .2 . 5180 1958 53 % % NN 5180 1958 54 . . . 5180 1959 1 According accord VBG 5180 1959 2 to to IN 5180 1959 3 Biek Biek NNP 5180 1959 4 , , , 5180 1959 5 the the DT 5180 1959 6 sample sample NN 5180 1959 7 size size NN 5180 1959 8 that that WDT 5180 1959 9 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1959 10 used use VBD 5180 1959 11 yielded yield VBD 5180 1959 12 a a DT 5180 1959 13 95 95 CD 5180 1959 14 % % NN 5180 1959 15 confidence confidence NN 5180 1959 16 interval interval NN 5180 1959 17 of of IN 5180 1959 18 plus plus NN 5180 1959 19 or or CC 5180 1959 20 minus minus CC 5180 1959 21 3.11 3.11 CD 5180 1959 22 % % NN 5180 1959 23 . . . 5180 1960 1 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1960 2 is be VBZ 5180 1960 3 a a DT 5180 1960 4 Harvard Harvard NNP 5180 1960 5 University University NNP 5180 1960 6 student student NN 5180 1960 7 and and CC 5180 1960 8 a a DT 5180 1960 9 systems system NNS 5180 1960 10 administrator administrator NN 5180 1960 11 and and CC 5180 1960 12 multimedia multimedia NN 5180 1960 13 specialist specialist NN 5180 1960 14 at at IN 5180 1960 15 the the DT 5180 1960 16 Berkman Berkman NNP 5180 1960 17 Center Center NNP 5180 1960 18 for for IN 5180 1960 19 Internet Internet NNP 5180 1960 20 and and CC 5180 1960 21 Society Society NNP 5180 1960 22 at at IN 5180 1960 23 Harvard Harvard NNP 5180 1960 24 Law Law NNP 5180 1960 25 School School NNP 5180 1960 26 . . . 5180 1961 1 Despite despite IN 5180 1961 2 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1961 3 's 's POS 5180 1961 4 young young JJ 5180 1961 5 age age NN 5180 1961 6 , , , 5180 1961 7 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1961 8 has have VBZ 5180 1961 9 been be VBN 5180 1961 10 doing do VBG 5180 1961 11 consulting consult VBG 5180 1961 12 work work NN 5180 1961 13 on on IN 5180 1961 14 Internet internet NN 5180 1961 15 - - HYPH 5180 1961 16 related relate VBN 5180 1961 17 issues issue NNS 5180 1961 18 for for IN 5180 1961 19 nine nine CD 5180 1961 20 years year NNS 5180 1961 21 , , , 5180 1961 22 since since IN 5180 1961 23 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1961 24 was be VBD 5180 1961 25 in in IN 5180 1961 26 junior junior JJ 5180 1961 27 high high JJ 5180 1961 28 school school NN 5180 1961 29 . . . 5180 1962 1 The the DT 5180 1962 2 archiving archive VBG 5180 1962 3 process process NN 5180 1962 4 in in IN 5180 1962 5 some some DT 5180 1962 6 cases case NNS 5180 1962 7 took take VBD 5180 1962 8 up up RB 5180 1962 9 to to TO 5180 1962 10 48 48 CD 5180 1962 11 hours hour NNS 5180 1962 12 from from IN 5180 1962 13 when when WRB 5180 1962 14 the the DT 5180 1962 15 page page NN 5180 1962 16 was be VBD 5180 1962 17 blocked block VBN 5180 1962 18 . . . 5180 1963 1 In in IN 5180 1963 2 October October NNP 5180 1963 3 2001 2001 CD 5180 1963 4 , , , 5180 1963 5 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1963 6 published publish VBD 5180 1963 7 the the DT 5180 1963 8 results result NNS 5180 1963 9 of of IN 5180 1963 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1963 11 initial initial JJ 5180 1963 12 testing testing NN 5180 1963 13 on on IN 5180 1963 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1963 15 Web web NN 5180 1963 16 site site NN 5180 1963 17 . . . 5180 1964 1 In in IN 5180 1964 2 February February NNP 5180 1964 3 and and CC 5180 1964 4 March March NNP 5180 1964 5 2002 2002 CD 5180 1964 6 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1964 7 repeated repeat VBD 5180 1964 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1964 9 testing testing NN 5180 1964 10 of of IN 5180 1964 11 the the DT 5180 1964 12 6,777 6,777 CD 5180 1964 13 URLs url NNS 5180 1964 14 originally originally RB 5180 1964 15 found find VBN 5180 1964 16 to to TO 5180 1964 17 be be VB 5180 1964 18 blocked block VBN 5180 1964 19 by by IN 5180 1964 20 at at RB 5180 1964 21 least least RBS 5180 1964 22 one one CD 5180 1964 23 of of IN 5180 1964 24 the the DT 5180 1964 25 blocking block VBG 5180 1964 26 products product NNS 5180 1964 27 , , , 5180 1964 28 in in IN 5180 1964 29 order order NN 5180 1964 30 to to TO 5180 1964 31 determine determine VB 5180 1964 32 whether whether IN 5180 1964 33 and and CC 5180 1964 34 to to TO 5180 1964 35 what what WDT 5180 1964 36 extent extent NN 5180 1964 37 the the DT 5180 1964 38 blocking block VBG 5180 1964 39 product product NN 5180 1964 40 vendors vendor NNS 5180 1964 41 had have VBD 5180 1964 42 corrected correct VBN 5180 1964 43 the the DT 5180 1964 44 mistakes mistake NNS 5180 1964 45 that that WDT 5180 1964 46 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1964 47 publicized publicize VBD 5180 1964 48 . . . 5180 1965 1 Of of IN 5180 1965 2 those those DT 5180 1965 3 URLs url NNS 5180 1965 4 blocked block VBN 5180 1965 5 by by IN 5180 1965 6 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 1965 7 in in IN 5180 1965 8 the the DT 5180 1965 9 October October NNP 5180 1965 10 2001 2001 CD 5180 1965 11 testing testing NN 5180 1965 12 , , , 5180 1965 13 55.10 55.10 CD 5180 1965 14 % % NN 5180 1965 15 remained remain VBD 5180 1965 16 blocked block VBN 5180 1965 17 when when WRB 5180 1965 18 tested test VBN 5180 1965 19 by by IN 5180 1965 20 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1965 21 in in IN 5180 1965 22 March March NNP 5180 1965 23 2002 2002 CD 5180 1965 24 . . . 5180 1966 1 Of of IN 5180 1966 2 those those DT 5180 1966 3 URLs url NNS 5180 1966 4 blocked block VBN 5180 1966 5 by by IN 5180 1966 6 Websense Websense NNP 5180 1966 7 in in IN 5180 1966 8 the the DT 5180 1966 9 October October NNP 5180 1966 10 2001 2001 CD 5180 1966 11 testing testing NN 5180 1966 12 , , , 5180 1966 13 76.28 76.28 CD 5180 1966 14 % % NN 5180 1966 15 remained remain VBD 5180 1966 16 blocked block VBN 5180 1966 17 when when WRB 5180 1966 18 tested test VBN 5180 1966 19 by by IN 5180 1966 20 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1966 21 in in IN 5180 1966 22 February February NNP 5180 1966 23 2002 2002 CD 5180 1966 24 . . . 5180 1967 1 Of of IN 5180 1967 2 those those DT 5180 1967 3 URLs url NNS 5180 1967 4 blocked block VBN 5180 1967 5 by by IN 5180 1967 6 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 1967 7 's 's POS 5180 1967 8 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 1967 9 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 1967 10 product product NN 5180 1967 11 , , , 5180 1967 12 only only RB 5180 1967 13 7.16 7.16 CD 5180 1967 14 % % NN 5180 1967 15 remained remain VBD 5180 1967 16 blocked block VBN 5180 1967 17 , , , 5180 1967 18 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 1967 19 , , , 5180 1967 20 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 1967 21 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 1967 22 had have VBD 5180 1967 23 unblocked unblock VBN 5180 1967 24 almost almost RB 5180 1967 25 93 93 CD 5180 1967 26 % % NN 5180 1967 27 of of IN 5180 1967 28 the the DT 5180 1967 29 Web web NN 5180 1967 30 pages page NNS 5180 1967 31 originally originally RB 5180 1967 32 blocked block VBN 5180 1967 33 . . . 5180 1968 1 Because because IN 5180 1968 2 the the DT 5180 1968 3 results result NNS 5180 1968 4 posted post VBN 5180 1968 5 to to IN 5180 1968 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1968 7 Web web NN 5180 1968 8 site site NN 5180 1968 9 were be VBD 5180 1968 10 accessed access VBN 5180 1968 11 by by IN 5180 1968 12 an an DT 5180 1968 13 employee employee NN 5180 1968 14 of of IN 5180 1968 15 SurfControl SurfControl NNP 5180 1968 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1968 17 as as IN 5180 1968 18 evidenced evidence VBN 5180 1968 19 by by IN 5180 1968 20 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1968 21 's 's POS 5180 1968 22 records record NNS 5180 1968 23 of of IN 5180 1968 24 who who WP 5180 1968 25 was be VBD 5180 1968 26 accessing access VBG 5180 1968 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1968 28 Web web NN 5180 1968 29 site site NN 5180 1968 30 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1968 31 , , , 5180 1968 32 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1968 33 infer infer VBP 5180 1968 34 that that IN 5180 1968 35 Cyber Cyber NNP 5180 1968 36 Patrol Patrol NNP 5180 1968 37 had have VBD 5180 1968 38 determined determine VBN 5180 1968 39 that that IN 5180 1968 40 93 93 CD 5180 1968 41 % % NN 5180 1968 42 of of IN 5180 1968 43 all all DT 5180 1968 44 6,777 6,777 CD 5180 1968 45 pages page NNS 5180 1968 46 , , , 5180 1968 47 or or CC 5180 1968 48 6,302 6,302 CD 5180 1968 49 Web web NN 5180 1968 50 pages page NNS 5180 1968 51 , , , 5180 1968 52 were be VBD 5180 1968 53 originally originally RB 5180 1968 54 wrongly wrongly RB 5180 1968 55 blocked block VBN 5180 1968 56 by by IN 5180 1968 57 the the DT 5180 1968 58 product product NN 5180 1968 59 . . . 5180 1969 1 Two two CD 5180 1969 2 other other JJ 5180 1969 3 expert expert NN 5180 1969 4 witnesses witness NNS 5180 1969 5 reviewed review VBD 5180 1969 6 subsets subset NNS 5180 1969 7 of of IN 5180 1969 8 the the DT 5180 1969 9 list list NN 5180 1969 10 of of IN 5180 1969 11 Web web NN 5180 1969 12 pages page NNS 5180 1969 13 that that WDT 5180 1969 14 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1969 15 compiled compile VBD 5180 1969 16 . . . 5180 1970 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 5180 1970 2 Michael Michael NNP 5180 1970 3 T. T. NNP 5180 1970 4 Ryan Ryan NNP 5180 1970 5 , , , 5180 1970 6 Director Director NNP 5180 1970 7 of of IN 5180 1970 8 the the DT 5180 1970 9 Rare Rare NNP 5180 1970 10 Book Book NNP 5180 1970 11 and and CC 5180 1970 12 Manuscript Manuscript NNP 5180 1970 13 Library Library NNP 5180 1970 14 and and CC 5180 1970 15 of of IN 5180 1970 16 the the DT 5180 1970 17 Center Center NNP 5180 1970 18 for for IN 5180 1970 19 Electronic Electronic NNP 5180 1970 20 Text Text NNP 5180 1970 21 and and CC 5180 1970 22 Image Image NNP 5180 1970 23 at at IN 5180 1970 24 the the DT 5180 1970 25 University University NNP 5180 1970 26 of of IN 5180 1970 27 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 5180 1970 28 , , , 5180 1970 29 reviewed review VBD 5180 1970 30 a a DT 5180 1970 31 list list NN 5180 1970 32 of of IN 5180 1970 33 204 204 CD 5180 1970 34 sites site NNS 5180 1970 35 that that WDT 5180 1970 36 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1970 37 forwarded forward VBD 5180 1970 38 to to IN 5180 1970 39 him -PRON- PRP 5180 1970 40 in in IN 5180 1970 41 order order NN 5180 1970 42 to to TO 5180 1970 43 determine determine VB 5180 1970 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1970 45 appropriateness appropriateness NN 5180 1970 46 and and CC 5180 1970 47 usefulness usefulness NN 5180 1970 48 in in IN 5180 1970 49 the the DT 5180 1970 50 library library NN 5180 1970 51 setting setting NN 5180 1970 52 . . . 5180 1971 1 Because because IN 5180 1971 2 the the DT 5180 1971 3 sites site NNS 5180 1971 4 that that WDT 5180 1971 5 Ryan Ryan NNP 5180 1971 6 reviewed review VBN 5180 1971 7 were be VBD 5180 1971 8 not not RB 5180 1971 9 selected select VBN 5180 1971 10 randomly randomly RB 5180 1971 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1971 12 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 1971 13 , , , 5180 1971 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1971 15 were be VBD 5180 1971 16 chosen choose VBN 5180 1971 17 by by IN 5180 1971 18 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 1971 19 ' ' POS 5180 1971 20 counsel counsel NN 5180 1971 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1971 22 , , , 5180 1971 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1971 24 study study NN 5180 1971 25 says say VBZ 5180 1971 26 little little JJ 5180 1971 27 about about IN 5180 1971 28 the the DT 5180 1971 29 character character NN 5180 1971 30 of of IN 5180 1971 31 the the DT 5180 1971 32 set set NN 5180 1971 33 of of IN 5180 1971 34 6,777 6,777 CD 5180 1971 35 sites site NNS 5180 1971 36 that that WDT 5180 1971 37 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1971 38 compiled compile VBD 5180 1971 39 , , , 5180 1971 40 or or CC 5180 1971 41 the the DT 5180 1971 42 total total JJ 5180 1971 43 amount amount NN 5180 1971 44 of of IN 5180 1971 45 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1971 46 by by IN 5180 1971 47 the the DT 5180 1971 48 four four CD 5180 1971 49 filtering filter VBG 5180 1971 50 programs program NNS 5180 1971 51 that that WDT 5180 1971 52 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1971 53 used use VBD 5180 1971 54 . . . 5180 1972 1 Anne Anne NNP 5180 1972 2 Lipow Lipow NNP 5180 1972 3 , , , 5180 1972 4 a a DT 5180 1972 5 practicing practice VBG 5180 1972 6 librarian librarian NN 5180 1972 7 for for IN 5180 1972 8 more more JJR 5180 1972 9 than than IN 5180 1972 10 30 30 CD 5180 1972 11 years year NNS 5180 1972 12 and and CC 5180 1972 13 the the DT 5180 1972 14 director director NN 5180 1972 15 of of IN 5180 1972 16 a a DT 5180 1972 17 library library NN 5180 1972 18 consulting consulting NN 5180 1972 19 firm firm NN 5180 1972 20 , , , 5180 1972 21 also also RB 5180 1972 22 reviewed review VBD 5180 1972 23 the the DT 5180 1972 24 same same JJ 5180 1972 25 list list NN 5180 1972 26 of of IN 5180 1972 27 204 204 CD 5180 1972 28 URLs url NNS 5180 1972 29 from from IN 5180 1972 30 the the DT 5180 1972 31 set set NN 5180 1972 32 that that IN 5180 1972 33 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1972 34 had have VBD 5180 1972 35 collected collect VBN 5180 1972 36 for for IN 5180 1972 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1972 38 appropriateness appropriateness NN 5180 1972 39 for for IN 5180 1972 40 a a DT 5180 1972 41 library library NN 5180 1972 42 's 's POS 5180 1972 43 collection collection NN 5180 1972 44 . . . 5180 1973 1 She -PRON- PRP 5180 1973 2 categorized categorize VBD 5180 1973 3 sites site NNS 5180 1973 4 in in IN 5180 1973 5 four four CD 5180 1973 6 different different JJ 5180 1973 7 levels level NNS 5180 1973 8 according accord VBG 5180 1973 9 to to IN 5180 1973 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1973 11 appropriateness appropriateness NN 5180 1973 12 for for IN 5180 1973 13 a a DT 5180 1973 14 public public JJ 5180 1973 15 library library NN 5180 1973 16 's 's POS 5180 1973 17 collection collection NN 5180 1973 18 . . . 5180 1974 1 Again again RB 5180 1974 2 , , , 5180 1974 3 because because IN 5180 1974 4 these these DT 5180 1974 5 URLs url NNS 5180 1974 6 were be VBD 5180 1974 7 not not RB 5180 1974 8 selected select VBN 5180 1974 9 randomly randomly RB 5180 1974 10 , , , 5180 1974 11 Lipow Lipow NNP 5180 1974 12 's 's POS 5180 1974 13 study study NN 5180 1974 14 is be VBZ 5180 1974 15 not not RB 5180 1974 16 particularly particularly RB 5180 1974 17 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1974 18 to to IN 5180 1974 19 the the DT 5180 1974 20 total total JJ 5180 1974 21 set set NN 5180 1974 22 that that IN 5180 1974 23 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1974 24 compiled compile VBD 5180 1974 25 , , , 5180 1974 26 or or CC 5180 1974 27 to to IN 5180 1974 28 the the DT 5180 1974 29 total total JJ 5180 1974 30 amount amount NN 5180 1974 31 of of IN 5180 1974 32 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1974 33 by by IN 5180 1974 34 the the DT 5180 1974 35 four four CD 5180 1974 36 filtering filter VBG 5180 1974 37 programs program NNS 5180 1974 38 that that WDT 5180 1974 39 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1974 40 used use VBD 5180 1974 41 . . . 5180 1975 1 Although although IN 5180 1975 2 the the DT 5180 1975 3 methodology methodology NN 5180 1975 4 used use VBD 5180 1975 5 to to TO 5180 1975 6 select select VB 5180 1975 7 the the DT 5180 1975 8 list list NN 5180 1975 9 of of IN 5180 1975 10 Web web NN 5180 1975 11 pages page NNS 5180 1975 12 that that WDT 5180 1975 13 was be VBD 5180 1975 14 forwarded forward VBN 5180 1975 15 to to IN 5180 1975 16 Ryan Ryan NNP 5180 1975 17 and and CC 5180 1975 18 Lipow Lipow NNP 5180 1975 19 is be VBZ 5180 1975 20 problematic problematic JJ 5180 1975 21 , , , 5180 1975 22 Ryan Ryan NNP 5180 1975 23 's 's POS 5180 1975 24 and and CC 5180 1975 25 Lipow Lipow NNP 5180 1975 26 's 's POS 5180 1975 27 testimony testimony NN 5180 1975 28 established establish VBD 5180 1975 29 that that IN 5180 1975 30 many many JJ 5180 1975 31 of of IN 5180 1975 32 the the DT 5180 1975 33 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 1975 34 blocked block VBN 5180 1975 35 sites site NNS 5180 1975 36 that that IN 5180 1975 37 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 1975 38 identified identify VBD 5180 1975 39 would would MD 5180 1975 40 be be VB 5180 1975 41 useful useful JJ 5180 1975 42 and and CC 5180 1975 43 appropriate appropriate JJ 5180 1975 44 sources source NNS 5180 1975 45 of of IN 5180 1975 46 information information NN 5180 1975 47 for for IN 5180 1975 48 library library NN 5180 1975 49 patrons patron NNS 5180 1975 50 . . . 5180 1976 1 All all DT 5180 1976 2 of of IN 5180 1976 3 the the DT 5180 1976 4 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1976 5 that that WDT 5180 1976 6 Janes Janes NNP 5180 1976 7 recruited recruit VBD 5180 1976 8 had have VBD 5180 1976 9 some some DT 5180 1976 10 relevant relevant JJ 5180 1976 11 experience experience NN 5180 1976 12 in in IN 5180 1976 13 library library JJ 5180 1976 14 reference reference NN 5180 1976 15 services service NNS 5180 1976 16 or or CC 5180 1976 17 library library JJ 5180 1976 18 collection collection NN 5180 1976 19 development development NN 5180 1976 20 . . . 5180 1977 1 Janes jane NNS 5180 1977 2 divided divide VBD 5180 1977 3 the the DT 5180 1977 4 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1977 5 into into IN 5180 1977 6 two two CD 5180 1977 7 groups group NNS 5180 1977 8 , , , 5180 1977 9 a a DT 5180 1977 10 group group NN 5180 1977 11 of of IN 5180 1977 12 11 11 CD 5180 1977 13 less less CC 5180 1977 14 experienced experienced JJ 5180 1977 15 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1977 16 , , , 5180 1977 17 and and CC 5180 1977 18 a a DT 5180 1977 19 group group NN 5180 1977 20 of of IN 5180 1977 21 five five CD 5180 1977 22 more more RBR 5180 1977 23 experienced experienced JJ 5180 1977 24 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1977 25 . . . 5180 1978 1 Janes Janes NNP 5180 1978 2 assigned assign VBD 5180 1978 3 the the DT 5180 1978 4 less less RBR 5180 1978 5 experienced experienced JJ 5180 1978 6 group group NN 5180 1978 7 to to TO 5180 1978 8 do do VB 5180 1978 9 a a DT 5180 1978 10 first first JJ 5180 1978 11 - - HYPH 5180 1978 12 round round JJ 5180 1978 13 review review NN 5180 1978 14 with with IN 5180 1978 15 the the DT 5180 1978 16 purpose purpose NN 5180 1978 17 of of IN 5180 1978 18 identifying identify VBG 5180 1978 19 the the DT 5180 1978 20 most most RBS 5180 1978 21 obviously obviously RB 5180 1978 22 overblocked overblocke VBN 5180 1978 23 sites site NNS 5180 1978 24 . . . 5180 1979 1 The the DT 5180 1979 2 more more RBR 5180 1979 3 experienced experienced JJ 5180 1979 4 group group NN 5180 1979 5 was be VBD 5180 1979 6 to to TO 5180 1979 7 review review VB 5180 1979 8 the the DT 5180 1979 9 remaining remain VBG 5180 1979 10 sites site NNS 5180 1979 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1979 12 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 1979 13 , , , 5180 1979 14 those those DT 5180 1979 15 that that WDT 5180 1979 16 were be VBD 5180 1979 17 not not RB 5180 1979 18 obviously obviously RB 5180 1979 19 overblocked overblocked JJ 5180 1979 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1979 21 and and CC 5180 1979 22 to to TO 5180 1979 23 make make VB 5180 1979 24 final final JJ 5180 1979 25 decisions decision NNS 5180 1979 26 regarding regard VBG 5180 1979 27 these these DT 5180 1979 28 sites site NNS 5180 1979 29 . . . 5180 1980 1 In in IN 5180 1980 2 the the DT 5180 1980 3 first first JJ 5180 1980 4 round round NN 5180 1980 5 , , , 5180 1980 6 each each DT 5180 1980 7 person person NN 5180 1980 8 evaluated evaluate VBD 5180 1980 9 two two CD 5180 1980 10 sets set NNS 5180 1980 11 of of IN 5180 1980 12 around around RB 5180 1980 13 80 80 CD 5180 1980 14 sites site NNS 5180 1980 15 , , , 5180 1980 16 and and CC 5180 1980 17 each each DT 5180 1980 18 group group NN 5180 1980 19 was be VBD 5180 1980 20 evaluated evaluate VBN 5180 1980 21 by by IN 5180 1980 22 two two CD 5180 1980 23 different different JJ 5180 1980 24 people people NNS 5180 1980 25 . . . 5180 1981 1 Each each DT 5180 1981 2 set set NN 5180 1981 3 of of IN 5180 1981 4 sites site NNS 5180 1981 5 included include VBD 5180 1981 6 the the DT 5180 1981 7 following follow VBG 5180 1981 8 instructions instruction NNS 5180 1981 9 : : : 5180 1981 10 Look look VB 5180 1981 11 carefully carefully RB 5180 1981 12 at at IN 5180 1981 13 each each DT 5180 1981 14 of of IN 5180 1981 15 the the DT 5180 1981 16 Web web NN 5180 1981 17 sites site NNS 5180 1981 18 on on IN 5180 1981 19 the the DT 5180 1981 20 list list NN 5180 1981 21 . . . 5180 1982 1 Please please UH 5180 1982 2 make make VB 5180 1982 3 a a DT 5180 1982 4 notation notation NN 5180 1982 5 of of IN 5180 1982 6 any any DT 5180 1982 7 site site NN 5180 1982 8 that that WDT 5180 1982 9 appears appear VBZ 5180 1982 10 to to TO 5180 1982 11 meet meet VB 5180 1982 12 any any DT 5180 1982 13 of of IN 5180 1982 14 the the DT 5180 1982 15 following follow VBG 5180 1982 16 criteria criterion NNS 5180 1982 17 : : : 5180 1982 18 a. a. NN 5180 1983 1 Contains contain VBZ 5180 1983 2 information information NN 5180 1983 3 similar similar JJ 5180 1983 4 to to IN 5180 1983 5 that that DT 5180 1983 6 already already RB 5180 1983 7 found find VBN 5180 1983 8 in in IN 5180 1983 9 libraries library NNS 5180 1983 10 , , , 5180 1983 11 or or CC 5180 1983 12 b. b. NN 5180 1984 1 Contains contain VBZ 5180 1984 2 information information NN 5180 1984 3 a a DT 5180 1984 4 librarian librarian NN 5180 1984 5 would would MD 5180 1984 6 want want VB 5180 1984 7 in in IN 5180 1984 8 the the DT 5180 1984 9 library library NN 5180 1984 10 if if IN 5180 1984 11 s s PRP 5180 1984 12 / / SYM 5180 1984 13 he -PRON- PRP 5180 1984 14 had have VBD 5180 1984 15 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1984 16 funds fund NNS 5180 1984 17 to to TO 5180 1984 18 purchase purchase VB 5180 1984 19 information information NN 5180 1984 20 and and CC 5180 1984 21 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 1984 22 shelf shelf NN 5180 1984 23 space space NN 5180 1984 24 , , , 5180 1984 25 or or CC 5180 1984 26 c. c. NN 5180 1984 27 You -PRON- PRP 5180 1984 28 would would MD 5180 1984 29 be be VB 5180 1984 30 willing willing JJ 5180 1984 31 to to TO 5180 1984 32 refer refer VB 5180 1984 33 a a DT 5180 1984 34 patron patron NN 5180 1984 35 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1984 36 of of IN 5180 1984 37 any any DT 5180 1984 38 age age NN 5180 1984 39 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1984 40 to to IN 5180 1984 41 the the DT 5180 1984 42 site site NN 5180 1984 43 if if IN 5180 1984 44 the the DT 5180 1984 45 patron patron NN 5180 1984 46 appeared appear VBD 5180 1984 47 at at IN 5180 1984 48 a a DT 5180 1984 49 reference reference NN 5180 1984 50 desk desk NN 5180 1984 51 seeking seek VBG 5180 1984 52 information information NN 5180 1984 53 about about IN 5180 1984 54 the the DT 5180 1984 55 subject subject NN 5180 1984 56 of of IN 5180 1984 57 the the DT 5180 1984 58 site site NN 5180 1984 59 . . . 5180 1985 1 For for IN 5180 1985 2 this this DT 5180 1985 3 last last JJ 5180 1985 4 criterion criterion NN 5180 1985 5 , , , 5180 1985 6 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1985 7 recognize recognize VBP 5180 1985 8 that that IN 5180 1985 9 you -PRON- PRP 5180 1985 10 might may MD 5180 1985 11 not not RB 5180 1985 12 refer refer VB 5180 1985 13 a a DT 5180 1985 14 young young JJ 5180 1985 15 child child NN 5180 1985 16 to to IN 5180 1985 17 a a DT 5180 1985 18 Calculus calculus NN 5180 1985 19 site site NN 5180 1985 20 just just RB 5180 1985 21 because because IN 5180 1985 22 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1985 23 would would MD 5180 1985 24 not not RB 5180 1985 25 be be VB 5180 1985 26 useful useful JJ 5180 1985 27 to to IN 5180 1985 28 that that DT 5180 1985 29 child child NN 5180 1985 30 , , , 5180 1985 31 but but CC 5180 1985 32 you -PRON- PRP 5180 1985 33 should should MD 5180 1985 34 ignore ignore VB 5180 1985 35 that that DT 5180 1985 36 factor factor NN 5180 1985 37 . . . 5180 1986 1 Informational informational JJ 5180 1986 2 sites site NNS 5180 1986 3 , , , 5180 1986 4 such such JJ 5180 1986 5 as as IN 5180 1986 6 a a DT 5180 1986 7 Calculus calculus NN 5180 1986 8 site site NN 5180 1986 9 , , , 5180 1986 10 should should MD 5180 1986 11 be be VB 5180 1986 12 noted note VBN 5180 1986 13 . . . 5180 1987 1 A a DT 5180 1987 2 site site NN 5180 1987 3 that that WDT 5180 1987 4 is be VBZ 5180 1987 5 purely purely RB 5180 1987 6 erotica erotica NNP 5180 1987 7 should should MD 5180 1987 8 not not RB 5180 1987 9 be be VB 5180 1987 10 noted note VBN 5180 1987 11 . . . 5180 1988 1 Sites site NNS 5180 1988 2 that that WDT 5180 1988 3 received receive VBD 5180 1988 4 " " `` 5180 1988 5 Yes yes UH 5180 1988 6 " " '' 5180 1988 7 votes vote NNS 5180 1988 8 from from IN 5180 1988 9 both both DT 5180 1988 10 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1988 11 were be VBD 5180 1988 12 determined determine VBN 5180 1988 13 to to TO 5180 1988 14 be be VB 5180 1988 15 of of IN 5180 1988 16 sufficient sufficient JJ 5180 1988 17 interest interest NN 5180 1988 18 in in IN 5180 1988 19 a a DT 5180 1988 20 library library NN 5180 1988 21 context context NN 5180 1988 22 and and CC 5180 1988 23 removed remove VBN 5180 1988 24 from from IN 5180 1988 25 further further JJ 5180 1988 26 analysis analysis NN 5180 1988 27 . . . 5180 1989 1 Sites site NNS 5180 1989 2 receiving receive VBG 5180 1989 3 one one CD 5180 1989 4 or or CC 5180 1989 5 two two CD 5180 1989 6 " " `` 5180 1989 7 No no UH 5180 1989 8 " " '' 5180 1989 9 votes vote NNS 5180 1989 10 would would MD 5180 1989 11 go go VB 5180 1989 12 to to IN 5180 1989 13 the the DT 5180 1989 14 next next JJ 5180 1989 15 round round NN 5180 1989 16 . . . 5180 1990 1 In in IN 5180 1990 2 the the DT 5180 1990 3 first first JJ 5180 1990 4 round round NN 5180 1990 5 , , , 5180 1990 6 243 243 CD 5180 1990 7 sites site NNS 5180 1990 8 received receive VBD 5180 1990 9 " " `` 5180 1990 10 Yes yes UH 5180 1990 11 " " '' 5180 1990 12 votes vote NNS 5180 1990 13 from from IN 5180 1990 14 both both DT 5180 1990 15 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1990 16 , , , 5180 1990 17 while while IN 5180 1990 18 456 456 CD 5180 1990 19 sites site NNS 5180 1990 20 received receive VBD 5180 1990 21 one one CD 5180 1990 22 or or CC 5180 1990 23 more more JJR 5180 1990 24 " " `` 5180 1990 25 No no UH 5180 1990 26 " " '' 5180 1990 27 votes vote NNS 5180 1990 28 or or CC 5180 1990 29 could could MD 5180 1990 30 not not RB 5180 1990 31 be be VB 5180 1990 32 found find VBN 5180 1990 33 . . . 5180 1991 1 These these DT 5180 1991 2 456 456 CD 5180 1991 3 sites site NNS 5180 1991 4 were be VBD 5180 1991 5 sent send VBN 5180 1991 6 forward forward RB 5180 1991 7 to to IN 5180 1991 8 the the DT 5180 1991 9 second second JJ 5180 1991 10 round round NN 5180 1991 11 of of IN 5180 1991 12 judging judging NN 5180 1991 13 . . . 5180 1992 1 The the DT 5180 1992 2 instructions instruction NNS 5180 1992 3 for for IN 5180 1992 4 the the DT 5180 1992 5 second second JJ 5180 1992 6 - - HYPH 5180 1992 7 round round NN 5180 1992 8 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1992 9 were be VBD 5180 1992 10 the the DT 5180 1992 11 same same JJ 5180 1992 12 as as IN 5180 1992 13 those those DT 5180 1992 14 given give VBN 5180 1992 15 to to IN 5180 1992 16 the the DT 5180 1992 17 first first JJ 5180 1992 18 - - HYPH 5180 1992 19 round round NN 5180 1992 20 reviewers reviewer NNS 5180 1992 21 , , , 5180 1992 22 except except IN 5180 1992 23 that that DT 5180 1992 24 in in IN 5180 1992 25 section section NN 5180 1992 26 c c NN 5180 1992 27 , , , 5180 1992 28 the the DT 5180 1992 29 following follow VBG 5180 1992 30 sentence sentence NN 5180 1992 31 was be VBD 5180 1992 32 added add VBN 5180 1992 33 : : : 5180 1992 34 " " `` 5180 1992 35 Sites site NNS 5180 1992 36 that that WDT 5180 1992 37 have have VBP 5180 1992 38 a a DT 5180 1992 39 commercial commercial JJ 5180 1992 40 purpose purpose NN 5180 1992 41 should should MD 5180 1992 42 be be VB 5180 1992 43 included include VBN 5180 1992 44 here here RB 5180 1992 45 if if IN 5180 1992 46 they -PRON- PRP 5180 1992 47 might may MD 5180 1992 48 be be VB 5180 1992 49 of of IN 5180 1992 50 use use NN 5180 1992 51 or or CC 5180 1992 52 interest interest NN 5180 1992 53 to to IN 5180 1992 54 someone someone NN 5180 1992 55 wishing wish VBG 5180 1992 56 to to TO 5180 1992 57 buy buy VB 5180 1992 58 the the DT 5180 1992 59 product product NN 5180 1992 60 or or CC 5180 1992 61 service service NN 5180 1992 62 or or CC 5180 1992 63 doing do VBG 5180 1992 64 research research NN 5180 1992 65 on on IN 5180 1992 66 commercial commercial JJ 5180 1992 67 behavior behavior NN 5180 1992 68 on on IN 5180 1992 69 the the DT 5180 1992 70 Internet internet NN 5180 1992 71 , , , 5180 1992 72 much much RB 5180 1992 73 as as IN 5180 1992 74 most most JJS 5180 1992 75 libraries library NNS 5180 1992 76 include include VBP 5180 1992 77 the the DT 5180 1992 78 Yellow Yellow NNP 5180 1992 79 Pages Pages NNPS 5180 1992 80 in in IN 5180 1992 81 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1992 82 collections collection NNS 5180 1992 83 . . . 5180 1992 84 " " '' 5180 1993 1 The the DT 5180 1993 2 second second JJ 5180 1993 3 round round NN 5180 1993 4 of of IN 5180 1993 5 review review NN 5180 1993 6 produced produce VBD 5180 1993 7 the the DT 5180 1993 8 following following JJ 5180 1993 9 results result NNS 5180 1993 10 : : : 5180 1993 11 60 60 CD 5180 1993 12 sites site NNS 5180 1993 13 could could MD 5180 1993 14 not not RB 5180 1993 15 be be VB 5180 1993 16 found find VBN 5180 1993 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1993 18 due due IN 5180 1993 19 to to IN 5180 1993 20 broken broken JJ 5180 1993 21 links link NNS 5180 1993 22 , , , 5180 1993 23 404 404 CD 5180 1993 24 " " `` 5180 1993 25 not not RB 5180 1993 26 found find VBN 5180 1993 27 " " `` 5180 1993 28 errors error NNS 5180 1993 29 , , , 5180 1993 30 domain domain NN 5180 1993 31 for for IN 5180 1993 32 sale sale NN 5180 1993 33 messages message NNS 5180 1993 34 , , , 5180 1993 35 etc etc FW 5180 1993 36 . . . 5180 1994 1 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1994 2 , , , 5180 1994 3 231 231 CD 5180 1994 4 sites site NNS 5180 1994 5 were be VBD 5180 1994 6 judged judge VBN 5180 1994 7 " " `` 5180 1994 8 Yes yes UH 5180 1994 9 , , , 5180 1994 10 " " '' 5180 1994 11 and and CC 5180 1994 12 165 165 CD 5180 1994 13 judged judge VBN 5180 1994 14 " " `` 5180 1994 15 No no UH 5180 1994 16 . . . 5180 1994 17 " " '' 5180 1995 1 Although although IN 5180 1995 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1995 3 was be VBD 5180 1995 4 not not RB 5180 1995 5 proffered proffer VBN 5180 1995 6 as as IN 5180 1995 7 evidence evidence NN 5180 1995 8 in in IN 5180 1995 9 this this DT 5180 1995 10 trial trial NN 5180 1995 11 , , , 5180 1995 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1995 13 and and CC 5180 1995 14 hence hence RB 5180 1995 15 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1995 16 do do VBP 5180 1995 17 not not RB 5180 1995 18 rely rely VB 5180 1995 19 on on IN 5180 1995 20 it -PRON- PRP 5180 1995 21 to to TO 5180 1995 22 inform inform VB 5180 1995 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 1995 24 findings finding NNS 5180 1995 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1995 26 , , , 5180 1995 27 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1995 28 note note VBP 5180 1995 29 that that IN 5180 1995 30 Youth Youth NNP 5180 1995 31 , , , 5180 1995 32 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 1995 33 , , , 5180 1995 34 and and CC 5180 1995 35 the the DT 5180 1995 36 Internet internet NN 5180 1995 37 , , , 5180 1995 38 a a DT 5180 1995 39 congressionally congressionally RB 5180 1995 40 commissioned commission VBN 5180 1995 41 study study NN 5180 1995 42 by by IN 5180 1995 43 the the DT 5180 1995 44 National National NNP 5180 1995 45 Research Research NNP 5180 1995 46 Council Council NNP 5180 1995 47 , , , 5180 1995 48 a a DT 5180 1995 49 division division NN 5180 1995 50 of of IN 5180 1995 51 the the DT 5180 1995 52 National National NNP 5180 1995 53 Academies Academies NNPS 5180 1995 54 of of IN 5180 1995 55 Science Science NNP 5180 1995 56 , , , 5180 1995 57 see see VB 5180 1995 58 Pub Pub NNP 5180 1995 59 . . . 5180 1996 1 L. L. NNP 5180 1996 2 105 105 CD 5180 1996 3 - - SYM 5180 1996 4 314 314 CD 5180 1996 5 , , , 5180 1996 6 Title Title NNP 5180 1996 7 X X NNP 5180 1996 8 , , , 5180 1996 9 Sec Sec NNP 5180 1996 10 . . . 5180 1997 1 901 901 CD 5180 1997 2 , , , 5180 1997 3 comes come VBZ 5180 1997 4 to to IN 5180 1997 5 a a DT 5180 1997 6 conclusion conclusion NN 5180 1997 7 similar similar JJ 5180 1997 8 to to IN 5180 1997 9 the the DT 5180 1997 10 one one NN 5180 1997 11 that that WDT 5180 1997 12 we -PRON- PRP 5180 1997 13 reach reach VBP 5180 1997 14 regarding regard VBG 5180 1997 15 the the DT 5180 1997 16 effectiveness effectiveness NN 5180 1997 17 of of IN 5180 1997 18 Internet internet NN 5180 1997 19 filters filter NNS 5180 1997 20 . . . 5180 1998 1 The the DT 5180 1998 2 commission commission NN 5180 1998 3 concludes conclude VBZ 5180 1998 4 that that DT 5180 1998 5 : : : 5180 1998 6 All all DT 5180 1998 7 filters filter NNS 5180 1998 8 – – : 5180 1998 9 those those DT 5180 1998 10 of of IN 5180 1998 11 today today NN 5180 1998 12 and and CC 5180 1998 13 for for IN 5180 1998 14 the the DT 5180 1998 15 foreseeable foreseeable JJ 5180 1998 16 future future NN 5180 1998 17 – – : 5180 1998 18 suffer suffer VB 5180 1998 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1998 20 and and CC 5180 1998 21 will will MD 5180 1998 22 suffer suffer VB 5180 1998 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1998 24 from from IN 5180 1998 25 some some DT 5180 1998 26 degree degree NN 5180 1998 27 of of IN 5180 1998 28 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1998 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1998 30 blocking block VBG 5180 1998 31 content content NN 5180 1998 32 that that WDT 5180 1998 33 should should MD 5180 1998 34 be be VB 5180 1998 35 allowed allow VBN 5180 1998 36 through through IN 5180 1998 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1998 38 and and CC 5180 1998 39 some some DT 5180 1998 40 degree degree NN 5180 1998 41 of of IN 5180 1998 42 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1998 43 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1998 44 passing pass VBG 5180 1998 45 content content NN 5180 1998 46 that that WDT 5180 1998 47 should should MD 5180 1998 48 not not RB 5180 1998 49 be be VB 5180 1998 50 allowed allow VBN 5180 1998 51 through through IN 5180 1998 52 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1998 53 . . . 5180 1999 1 While while IN 5180 1999 2 the the DT 5180 1999 3 extent extent NN 5180 1999 4 of of IN 5180 1999 5 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1999 6 and and CC 5180 1999 7 underblocking underblocking NN 5180 1999 8 will will MD 5180 1999 9 vary vary VB 5180 1999 10 with with IN 5180 1999 11 the the DT 5180 1999 12 product product NN 5180 1999 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 1999 14 and and CC 5180 1999 15 may may MD 5180 1999 16 improve improve VB 5180 1999 17 over over IN 5180 1999 18 time time NN 5180 1999 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 1999 20 , , , 5180 1999 21 underblocking underblocke VBG 5180 1999 22 and and CC 5180 1999 23 overblocking overblocke VBG 5180 1999 24 result result NN 5180 1999 25 from from IN 5180 1999 26 numerous numerous JJ 5180 1999 27 sources source NNS 5180 1999 28 , , , 5180 1999 29 including include VBG 5180 1999 30 the the DT 5180 1999 31 variability variability NN 5180 1999 32 in in IN 5180 1999 33 the the DT 5180 1999 34 perspectives perspective NNS 5180 1999 35 that that WDT 5180 1999 36 humans human NNS 5180 1999 37 bring bring VBP 5180 1999 38 to to IN 5180 1999 39 the the DT 5180 1999 40 task task NN 5180 1999 41 of of IN 5180 1999 42 judging judge VBG 5180 1999 43 content content NN 5180 1999 44 . . . 5180 2000 1 Youth Youth NNP 5180 2000 2 , , , 5180 2000 3 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 2000 4 , , , 5180 2000 5 and and CC 5180 2000 6 the the DT 5180 2000 7 Internet internet NN 5180 2000 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2000 9 Dick Dick NNP 5180 2000 10 Thornburgh Thornburgh NNP 5180 2000 11 & & CC 5180 2000 12 Herbert Herbert NNP 5180 2000 13 S. S. NNP 5180 2000 14 Lin Lin NNP 5180 2000 15 , , , 5180 2000 16 eds eds NNP 5180 2000 17 . . NNP 5180 2000 18 , , , 5180 2000 19 2002 2002 CD 5180 2000 20 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2000 21 , , , 5180 2000 22 available available JJ 5180 2000 23 at at IN 5180 2000 24 http://bob.nap.edu/html/youth_internet/. http://bob.nap.edu/html/youth_internet/. ADD 5180 2001 1 Because because IN 5180 2001 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2001 3 find find VBP 5180 2001 4 that that IN 5180 2001 5 the the DT 5180 2001 6 plaintiff plaintiff JJ 5180 2001 7 public public JJ 5180 2001 8 libraries library NNS 5180 2001 9 are be VBP 5180 2001 10 funded fund VBN 5180 2001 11 and and CC 5180 2001 12 controlled control VBN 5180 2001 13 by by IN 5180 2001 14 state state NN 5180 2001 15 and and CC 5180 2001 16 local local JJ 5180 2001 17 governments government NNS 5180 2001 18 , , , 5180 2001 19 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2001 20 are be VBP 5180 2001 21 state state NN 5180 2001 22 actors actor NNS 5180 2001 23 , , , 5180 2001 24 subject subject JJ 5180 2001 25 to to IN 5180 2001 26 the the DT 5180 2001 27 constraints constraint NNS 5180 2001 28 of of IN 5180 2001 29 the the DT 5180 2001 30 First First NNP 5180 2001 31 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2001 32 , , , 5180 2001 33 as as IN 5180 2001 34 incorporated incorporate VBN 5180 2001 35 by by IN 5180 2001 36 the the DT 5180 2001 37 Due Due NNP 5180 2001 38 Process Process NNP 5180 2001 39 Clause Clause NNP 5180 2001 40 of of IN 5180 2001 41 the the DT 5180 2001 42 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 5180 2001 43 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2001 44 . . . 5180 2002 1 The the DT 5180 2002 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2002 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2002 4 has have VBZ 5180 2002 5 recognized recognize VBN 5180 2002 6 that that IN 5180 2002 7 the the DT 5180 2002 8 First First NNP 5180 2002 9 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2002 10 encompasses encompass VBZ 5180 2002 11 not not RB 5180 2002 12 only only RB 5180 2002 13 the the DT 5180 2002 14 right right NN 5180 2002 15 to to TO 5180 2002 16 speak speak VB 5180 2002 17 , , , 5180 2002 18 but but CC 5180 2002 19 also also RB 5180 2002 20 the the DT 5180 2002 21 right right NN 5180 2002 22 to to TO 5180 2002 23 receive receive VB 5180 2002 24 information information NN 5180 2002 25 . . . 5180 2003 1 See see VB 5180 2003 2 Reno Reno NNP 5180 2003 3 v. v. IN 5180 2003 4 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 2003 5 , , , 5180 2003 6 521 521 CD 5180 2003 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2003 8 844 844 CD 5180 2003 9 , , , 5180 2003 10 874 874 CD 5180 2003 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2003 12 1997 1997 CD 5180 2003 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2003 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2003 15 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 2003 16 a a DT 5180 2003 17 statute statute NN 5180 2003 18 because because IN 5180 2003 19 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2003 20 " " `` 5180 2003 21 effectively effectively RB 5180 2003 22 suppresses suppress VBZ 5180 2003 23 a a DT 5180 2003 24 large large JJ 5180 2003 25 amount amount NN 5180 2003 26 of of IN 5180 2003 27 speech speech NN 5180 2003 28 that that WDT 5180 2003 29 adults adult NNS 5180 2003 30 have have VBP 5180 2003 31 a a DT 5180 2003 32 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 2003 33 right right NN 5180 2003 34 to to TO 5180 2003 35 receive receive VB 5180 2003 36 and and CC 5180 2003 37 to to TO 5180 2003 38 address address VB 5180 2003 39 to to IN 5180 2003 40 one one CD 5180 2003 41 another another DT 5180 2003 42 " " '' 5180 2003 43 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2003 44 ; ; : 5180 2003 45 Stanley Stanley NNP 5180 2003 46 v. v. IN 5180 2003 47 Georgia Georgia NNP 5180 2003 48 , , , 5180 2003 49 394 394 CD 5180 2003 50 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2003 51 557 557 CD 5180 2003 52 , , , 5180 2003 53 564 564 CD 5180 2003 54 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2003 55 1969 1969 CD 5180 2003 56 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2003 57 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2003 58 " " `` 5180 2003 59 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2003 60 The the DT 5180 2003 61 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2003 62 right right NN 5180 2003 63 to to TO 5180 2003 64 receive receive VB 5180 2003 65 information information NN 5180 2003 66 and and CC 5180 2003 67 ideas idea NNS 5180 2003 68 , , , 5180 2003 69 regardless regardless RB 5180 2003 70 of of IN 5180 2003 71 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2003 72 social social JJ 5180 2003 73 worth worth NN 5180 2003 74 . . . 5180 2004 1 . . . 5180 2005 1 . . . 5180 2006 1 is be VBZ 5180 2006 2 fundamental fundamental JJ 5180 2006 3 to to IN 5180 2006 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2006 5 free free JJ 5180 2006 6 society society NN 5180 2006 7 . . . 5180 2007 1 ") ") `` 5180 2007 2 ; ; : 5180 2007 3 see see VB 5180 2007 4 also also RB 5180 2007 5 Bd Bd NNP 5180 2007 6 . . . 5180 2008 1 of of IN 5180 2008 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 2008 3 . . . 5180 2009 1 v. v. IN 5180 2009 2 Pico Pico NNP 5180 2009 3 , , , 5180 2009 4 457 457 CD 5180 2009 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2009 6 853 853 CD 5180 2009 7 , , , 5180 2009 8 867 867 CD 5180 2009 9 - - SYM 5180 2009 10 68 68 CD 5180 2009 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2009 12 1982 1982 CD 5180 2009 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2009 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2009 15 plurality plurality NN 5180 2009 16 opinion opinion NN 5180 2009 17 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2009 18 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2009 19 " " `` 5180 2009 20 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2009 21 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2009 22 right right RB 5180 2009 23 to to TO 5180 2009 24 receive receive VB 5180 2009 25 ideas idea NNS 5180 2009 26 follows follow VBZ 5180 2009 27 ineluctably ineluctably RB 5180 2009 28 from from IN 5180 2009 29 the the DT 5180 2009 30 sender sender NN 5180 2009 31 's 's POS 5180 2009 32 First First NNP 5180 2009 33 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2009 34 right right RB 5180 2009 35 to to TO 5180 2009 36 send send VB 5180 2009 37 them -PRON- PRP 5180 2009 38 . . . 5180 2009 39 " " '' 5180 2009 40 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2009 41 . . . 5180 2010 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 2010 2 , , , 5180 2010 3 if if IN 5180 2010 4 the the DT 5180 2010 5 First First NNP 5180 2010 6 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2010 7 subjected subject VBN 5180 2010 8 to to IN 5180 2010 9 strict strict JJ 5180 2010 10 scrutiny scrutiny NN 5180 2010 11 the the DT 5180 2010 12 government government NN 5180 2010 13 's 's POS 5180 2010 14 decision decision NN 5180 2010 15 to to TO 5180 2010 16 dedicate dedicate VB 5180 2010 17 a a DT 5180 2010 18 forum forum NN 5180 2010 19 to to IN 5180 2010 20 speech speech NN 5180 2010 21 whose whose WP$ 5180 2010 22 content content NN 5180 2010 23 the the DT 5180 2010 24 government government NN 5180 2010 25 judges judge NNS 5180 2010 26 to to TO 5180 2010 27 be be VB 5180 2010 28 particularly particularly RB 5180 2010 29 valuable valuable JJ 5180 2010 30 , , , 5180 2010 31 many many JJ 5180 2010 32 of of IN 5180 2010 33 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2010 34 public public JJ 5180 2010 35 institutions institution NNS 5180 2010 36 of of IN 5180 2010 37 culture culture NN 5180 2010 38 would would MD 5180 2010 39 cease cease VB 5180 2010 40 to to TO 5180 2010 41 exist exist VB 5180 2010 42 in in IN 5180 2010 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2010 44 current current JJ 5180 2010 45 form form NN 5180 2010 46 : : : 5180 2010 47 From from IN 5180 2010 48 here here RB 5180 2010 49 on on RB 5180 2010 50 out out RB 5180 2010 51 , , , 5180 2010 52 the the DT 5180 2010 53 National National NNP 5180 2010 54 Gallery Gallery NNP 5180 2010 55 in in IN 5180 2010 56 Washington Washington NNP 5180 2010 57 , , , 5180 2010 58 D.C. D.C. NNP 5180 2010 59 , , , 5180 2010 60 for for IN 5180 2010 61 example example NN 5180 2010 62 , , , 5180 2010 63 would would MD 5180 2010 64 be be VB 5180 2010 65 required require VBN 5180 2010 66 to to TO 5180 2010 67 display display VB 5180 2010 68 the the DT 5180 2010 69 art art NN 5180 2010 70 of of IN 5180 2010 71 all all DT 5180 2010 72 would would MD 5180 2010 73 - - HYPH 5180 2010 74 be be VB 5180 2010 75 artists artist NNS 5180 2010 76 on on IN 5180 2010 77 a a DT 5180 2010 78 first first JJ 5180 2010 79 - - HYPH 5180 2010 80 come come VBN 5180 2010 81 - - HYPH 5180 2010 82 first first RB 5180 2010 83 - - HYPH 5180 2010 84 served serve VBN 5180 2010 85 basis basis NN 5180 2010 86 and and CC 5180 2010 87 would would MD 5180 2010 88 not not RB 5180 2010 89 be be VB 5180 2010 90 able able JJ 5180 2010 91 to to TO 5180 2010 92 exercise exercise VB 5180 2010 93 any any DT 5180 2010 94 content content NN 5180 2010 95 control control NN 5180 2010 96 over over IN 5180 2010 97 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2010 98 collection collection NN 5180 2010 99 through through IN 5180 2010 100 evaluations evaluation NNS 5180 2010 101 of of IN 5180 2010 102 quality quality NN 5180 2010 103 . . . 5180 2011 1 Such such PDT 5180 2011 2 a a DT 5180 2011 3 conclusion conclusion NN 5180 2011 4 , , , 5180 2011 5 of of IN 5180 2011 6 course course NN 5180 2011 7 , , , 5180 2011 8 strikes strike VBZ 5180 2011 9 us -PRON- PRP 5180 2011 10 as as IN 5180 2011 11 absurd absurd JJ 5180 2011 12 , , , 5180 2011 13 but but CC 5180 2011 14 that that DT 5180 2011 15 is be VBZ 5180 2011 16 only only RB 5180 2011 17 because because IN 5180 2011 18 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2011 19 feel feel VBP 5180 2011 20 that that IN 5180 2011 21 the the DT 5180 2011 22 government government NN 5180 2011 23 should should MD 5180 2011 24 be be VB 5180 2011 25 free free JJ 5180 2011 26 to to TO 5180 2011 27 establish establish VB 5180 2011 28 public public JJ 5180 2011 29 cultural cultural JJ 5180 2011 30 institutions institution NNS 5180 2011 31 guided guide VBN 5180 2011 32 by by IN 5180 2011 33 standards standard NNS 5180 2011 34 such such JJ 5180 2011 35 as as IN 5180 2011 36 " " `` 5180 2011 37 quality quality NN 5180 2011 38 . . . 5180 2011 39 " " '' 5180 2012 1 . . . 5180 2013 1 . . . 5180 2014 1 . . . 5180 2015 1 While while IN 5180 2015 2 the the DT 5180 2015 3 First First NNP 5180 2015 4 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2015 5 articulates articulate VBZ 5180 2015 6 a a DT 5180 2015 7 deep deep JJ 5180 2015 8 fear fear NN 5180 2015 9 of of IN 5180 2015 10 government government NN 5180 2015 11 intervention intervention NN 5180 2015 12 in in IN 5180 2015 13 the the DT 5180 2015 14 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 2015 15 of of IN 5180 2015 16 ideas idea NNS 5180 2015 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2015 18 because because IN 5180 2015 19 of of IN 5180 2015 20 the the DT 5180 2015 21 risk risk NN 5180 2015 22 of of IN 5180 2015 23 distortion distortion NN 5180 2015 24 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2015 25 , , , 5180 2015 26 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2015 27 also also RB 5180 2015 28 seems seem VBZ 5180 2015 29 prepared prepared JJ 5180 2015 30 to to TO 5180 2015 31 permit permit VB 5180 2015 32 state state NN 5180 2015 33 - - HYPH 5180 2015 34 sponsored sponsor VBN 5180 2015 35 and and CC 5180 2015 36 -supported -supporte VBN 5180 2015 37 cultural cultural JJ 5180 2015 38 institutions institution NNS 5180 2015 39 that that WDT 5180 2015 40 exercise exercise VBP 5180 2015 41 considerable considerable JJ 5180 2015 42 control control NN 5180 2015 43 over over IN 5180 2015 44 which which WDT 5180 2015 45 art art NN 5180 2015 46 to to TO 5180 2015 47 fund fund VB 5180 2015 48 , , , 5180 2015 49 which which WDT 5180 2015 50 pictures picture VBZ 5180 2015 51 to to TO 5180 2015 52 hang hang VB 5180 2015 53 , , , 5180 2015 54 and and CC 5180 2015 55 which which WDT 5180 2015 56 courses course NNS 5180 2015 57 to to TO 5180 2015 58 teach teach VB 5180 2015 59 . . . 5180 2016 1 That that IN 5180 2016 2 these these DT 5180 2016 3 choices choice NNS 5180 2016 4 necessarily necessarily RB 5180 2016 5 involve involve VBP 5180 2016 6 judgments judgment NNS 5180 2016 7 about about IN 5180 2016 8 favored favor VBN 5180 2016 9 and and CC 5180 2016 10 disfavored disfavor VBN 5180 2016 11 content content NN 5180 2016 12 – – : 5180 2016 13 judgments judgment NNS 5180 2016 14 clearly clearly RB 5180 2016 15 prohibited prohibit VBN 5180 2016 16 in in IN 5180 2016 17 the the DT 5180 2016 18 realm realm NN 5180 2016 19 of of IN 5180 2016 20 censorship censorship NN 5180 2016 21 – – : 5180 2016 22 is be VBZ 5180 2016 23 indisputable indisputable JJ 5180 2016 24 . . . 5180 2017 1 Lee Lee NNP 5180 2017 2 C. C. NNP 5180 2017 3 Bollinger Bollinger NNP 5180 2017 4 , , , 5180 2017 5 Public Public NNP 5180 2017 6 Institutions Institutions NNPS 5180 2017 7 of of IN 5180 2017 8 Culture Culture NNP 5180 2017 9 and and CC 5180 2017 10 the the DT 5180 2017 11 First First NNP 5180 2017 12 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2017 13 : : : 5180 2017 14 The the DT 5180 2017 15 New New NNP 5180 2017 16 Frontier Frontier NNP 5180 2017 17 , , , 5180 2017 18 63 63 CD 5180 2017 19 U. U. NNP 5180 2017 20 Cin Cin NNP 5180 2017 21 . . . 5180 2018 1 L. L. NNP 5180 2018 2 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 2019 1 1103 1103 CD 5180 2019 2 , , , 5180 2019 3 1110 1110 CD 5180 2019 4 - - SYM 5180 2019 5 15 15 CD 5180 2019 6 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2019 7 1995 1995 CD 5180 2019 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2019 9 . . . 5180 2020 1 In in IN 5180 2020 2 both both DT 5180 2020 3 of of IN 5180 2020 4 these these DT 5180 2020 5 cases case NNS 5180 2020 6 , , , 5180 2020 7 the the DT 5180 2020 8 taxation taxation NN 5180 2020 9 scheme scheme NN 5180 2020 10 at at IN 5180 2020 11 issue issue NN 5180 2020 12 effectively effectively RB 5180 2020 13 subsidized subsidize VBD 5180 2020 14 a a DT 5180 2020 15 vast vast JJ 5180 2020 16 range range NN 5180 2020 17 of of IN 5180 2020 18 publications publication NNS 5180 2020 19 , , , 5180 2020 20 and and CC 5180 2020 21 singled single VBD 5180 2020 22 out out RP 5180 2020 23 for for IN 5180 2020 24 penalty penalty NN 5180 2020 25 only only RB 5180 2020 26 a a DT 5180 2020 27 handful handful NN 5180 2020 28 of of IN 5180 2020 29 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2020 30 . . . 5180 2021 1 See see VB 5180 2021 2 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2021 3 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 2021 4 ' ' POS 5180 2021 5 Project Project NNP 5180 2021 6 , , , 5180 2021 7 460 460 CD 5180 2021 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2021 9 at at IN 5180 2021 10 228 228 CD 5180 2021 11 - - SYM 5180 2021 12 29 29 CD 5180 2021 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2021 14 noting note VBG 5180 2021 15 that that IN 5180 2021 16 " " `` 5180 2021 17 selective selective JJ 5180 2021 18 taxation taxation NN 5180 2021 19 of of IN 5180 2021 20 the the DT 5180 2021 21 press press NN 5180 2021 22 – – : 5180 2021 23 . . . 5180 2022 1 . . . 5180 2023 1 . . . 5180 2024 1 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2024 2 by by IN 5180 2024 3 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2024 4 targeting target VBG 5180 2024 5 individual individual JJ 5180 2024 6 members member NNS 5180 2024 7 of of IN 5180 2024 8 the the DT 5180 2024 9 press press NN 5180 2024 10 – – : 5180 2024 11 poses pose VBZ 5180 2024 12 a a DT 5180 2024 13 particular particular JJ 5180 2024 14 danger danger NN 5180 2024 15 of of IN 5180 2024 16 abuse abuse NN 5180 2024 17 by by IN 5180 2024 18 the the DT 5180 2024 19 State State NNP 5180 2024 20 " " '' 5180 2024 21 and and CC 5180 2024 22 explaining explain VBG 5180 2024 23 that that IN 5180 2024 24 " " `` 5180 2024 25 this this DT 5180 2024 26 case case NN 5180 2024 27 involves involve VBZ 5180 2024 28 a a DT 5180 2024 29 more more RBR 5180 2024 30 disturbing disturbing JJ 5180 2024 31 use use NN 5180 2024 32 of of IN 5180 2024 33 selective selective JJ 5180 2024 34 taxation taxation NN 5180 2024 35 than than IN 5180 2024 36 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP 5180 2024 37 Star Star NNP 5180 2024 38 , , , 5180 2024 39 because because IN 5180 2024 40 the the DT 5180 2024 41 basis basis NN 5180 2024 42 on on IN 5180 2024 43 which which WDT 5180 2024 44 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2024 45 differentiates differentiate VBZ 5180 2024 46 between between IN 5180 2024 47 magazines magazine NNS 5180 2024 48 is be VBZ 5180 2024 49 particularly particularly RB 5180 2024 50 repugnant repugnant JJ 5180 2024 51 to to IN 5180 2024 52 First First NNP 5180 2024 53 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2024 54 principles principle NNS 5180 2024 55 : : : 5180 2024 56 a a DT 5180 2024 57 magazine magazine NN 5180 2024 58 's 's POS 5180 2024 59 tax tax NN 5180 2024 60 status status NN 5180 2024 61 depends depend VBZ 5180 2024 62 entirely entirely RB 5180 2024 63 on on IN 5180 2024 64 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2024 65 content content NN 5180 2024 66 " " '' 5180 2024 67 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2024 68 ; ; : 5180 2024 69 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP 5180 2024 70 Star Star NNP 5180 2024 71 , , , 5180 2024 72 460 460 CD 5180 2024 73 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2024 74 at at IN 5180 2024 75 591 591 CD 5180 2024 76 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2024 77 " " `` 5180 2024 78 Minnesota Minnesota NNP 5180 2024 79 's 's POS 5180 2024 80 ink ink NN 5180 2024 81 and and CC 5180 2024 82 paper paper NN 5180 2024 83 tax tax NN 5180 2024 84 violates violate VBZ 5180 2024 85 the the DT 5180 2024 86 First First NNP 5180 2024 87 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2024 88 not not RB 5180 2024 89 only only RB 5180 2024 90 because because IN 5180 2024 91 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2024 92 singles single VBZ 5180 2024 93 out out RP 5180 2024 94 the the DT 5180 2024 95 press press NN 5180 2024 96 , , , 5180 2024 97 but but CC 5180 2024 98 also also RB 5180 2024 99 because because IN 5180 2024 100 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2024 101 targets target VBZ 5180 2024 102 a a DT 5180 2024 103 small small JJ 5180 2024 104 group group NN 5180 2024 105 of of IN 5180 2024 106 newspapers newspaper NNS 5180 2024 107 . . . 5180 2025 1 ") ") `` 5180 2025 2 ; ; : 5180 2025 3 see see VB 5180 2025 4 also also RB 5180 2025 5 Turner Turner NNP 5180 2025 6 Broad Broad NNP 5180 2025 7 . . . 5180 2026 1 Sys Sys NNP 5180 2026 2 . . NNP 5180 2026 3 , , , 5180 2026 4 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 2026 5 v. v. IN 5180 2026 6 FCC FCC NNP 5180 2026 7 , , , 5180 2026 8 512 512 CD 5180 2026 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2026 10 622 622 CD 5180 2026 11 , , , 5180 2026 12 660 660 CD 5180 2026 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2026 14 1994 1994 CD 5180 2026 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2026 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2026 17 " " `` 5180 2026 18 The the DT 5180 2026 19 taxes taxis NNS 5180 2026 20 invalidated invalidate VBN 5180 2026 21 in in IN 5180 2026 22 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP 5180 2026 23 Star Star NNP 5180 2026 24 and and CC 5180 2026 25 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2026 26 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 2026 27 ' ' POS 5180 2026 28 Project Project NNP 5180 2026 29 . . . 5180 2027 1 . . . 5180 2028 1 . . . 5180 2029 1 targeted target VBD 5180 2029 2 a a DT 5180 2029 3 small small JJ 5180 2029 4 number number NN 5180 2029 5 of of IN 5180 2029 6 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2029 7 , , , 5180 2029 8 and and CC 5180 2029 9 thus thus RB 5180 2029 10 threatened threaten VBD 5180 2029 11 to to TO 5180 2029 12 distort distort VB 5180 2029 13 the the DT 5180 2029 14 market market NN 5180 2029 15 for for IN 5180 2029 16 ideas idea NNS 5180 2029 17 . . . 5180 2029 18 " " '' 5180 2029 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2030 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2030 2 internal internal JJ 5180 2030 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 2030 4 marks mark NNS 5180 2030 5 and and CC 5180 2030 6 citation citation NN 5180 2030 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 2030 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2030 9 . . . 5180 2031 1 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2031 2 P]atrons P]atrons NNP 5180 2031 3 at at IN 5180 2031 4 a a DT 5180 2031 5 library library NN 5180 2031 6 do do VBP 5180 2031 7 not not RB 5180 2031 8 have have VB 5180 2031 9 the the DT 5180 2031 10 right right NN 5180 2031 11 to to TO 5180 2031 12 make make VB 5180 2031 13 editorial editorial JJ 5180 2031 14 decisions decision NNS 5180 2031 15 regarding regard VBG 5180 2031 16 the the DT 5180 2031 17 availability availability NN 5180 2031 18 of of IN 5180 2031 19 certain certain JJ 5180 2031 20 material material NN 5180 2031 21 . . . 5180 2032 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 2032 2 is be VBZ 5180 2032 3 the the DT 5180 2032 4 exclusive exclusive JJ 5180 2032 5 authority authority NN 5180 2032 6 of of IN 5180 2032 7 the the DT 5180 2032 8 library library NN 5180 2032 9 to to TO 5180 2032 10 make make VB 5180 2032 11 affirmative affirmative JJ 5180 2032 12 decisions decision NNS 5180 2032 13 regarding regard VBG 5180 2032 14 what what WP 5180 2032 15 books book NNS 5180 2032 16 , , , 5180 2032 17 magazines magazine NNS 5180 2032 18 , , , 5180 2032 19 or or CC 5180 2032 20 other other JJ 5180 2032 21 material material NN 5180 2032 22 is be VBZ 5180 2032 23 placed place VBN 5180 2032 24 on on IN 5180 2032 25 library library JJ 5180 2032 26 shelves shelf NNS 5180 2032 27 , , , 5180 2032 28 or or CC 5180 2032 29 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 2032 30 made make VBN 5180 2032 31 available available JJ 5180 2032 32 to to IN 5180 2032 33 patrons patron NNS 5180 2032 34 . . . 5180 2033 1 Libraries library NNS 5180 2033 2 impose impose VBP 5180 2033 3 many many JJ 5180 2033 4 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2033 5 on on IN 5180 2033 6 the the DT 5180 2033 7 use use NN 5180 2033 8 of of IN 5180 2033 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2033 10 systems system NNS 5180 2033 11 which which WDT 5180 2033 12 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 5180 2033 13 that that IN 5180 2033 14 the the DT 5180 2033 15 content content NN 5180 2033 16 of of IN 5180 2033 17 the the DT 5180 2033 18 library library NN 5180 2033 19 's 's POS 5180 2033 20 offerings offering NNS 5180 2033 21 are be VBP 5180 2033 22 not not RB 5180 2033 23 determined determine VBN 5180 2033 24 by by IN 5180 2033 25 the the DT 5180 2033 26 general general JJ 5180 2033 27 public public NN 5180 2033 28 . . . 5180 2034 1 S. S. NNP 5180 2034 2 Rep. Rep. NNP 5180 2034 3 No No NNP 5180 2034 4 . . . 5180 2035 1 106 106 CD 5180 2035 2 - - SYM 5180 2035 3 141 141 CD 5180 2035 4 , , , 5180 2035 5 at at IN 5180 2035 6 8 8 CD 5180 2035 7 - - SYM 5180 2035 8 9 9 CD 5180 2035 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2035 10 1999 1999 CD 5180 2035 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2035 12 . . . 5180 2036 1 In in IN 5180 2036 2 distinguishing distinguish VBG 5180 2036 3 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2036 4 on on IN 5180 2036 5 public public JJ 5180 2036 6 libraries library NNS 5180 2036 7 ' ' POS 5180 2036 8 print print NN 5180 2036 9 collections collection NNS 5180 2036 10 from from IN 5180 2036 11 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2036 12 on on IN 5180 2036 13 the the DT 5180 2036 14 provision provision NN 5180 2036 15 of of IN 5180 2036 16 Internet internet NN 5180 2036 17 access access NN 5180 2036 18 , , , 5180 2036 19 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2036 20 do do VBP 5180 2036 21 not not RB 5180 2036 22 rely rely VB 5180 2036 23 on on IN 5180 2036 24 the the DT 5180 2036 25 rationale rationale NN 5180 2036 26 adopted adopt VBN 5180 2036 27 in in IN 5180 2036 28 Mainstream Mainstream NNP 5180 2036 29 Loudoun Loudoun NNP 5180 2036 30 v. v. CC 5180 2036 31 Board Board NNP 5180 2036 32 of of IN 5180 2036 33 Trustees Trustees NNPS 5180 2036 34 of of IN 5180 2036 35 the the DT 5180 2036 36 Loudoun Loudoun NNP 5180 2036 37 County County NNP 5180 2036 38 Library Library NNP 5180 2036 39 , , , 5180 2036 40 2 2 CD 5180 2036 41 F. F. NNP 5180 2036 42 Supp Supp NNP 5180 2036 43 . . . 5180 2037 1 2d 2d LS 5180 2037 2 783 783 CD 5180 2037 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2037 4 E.D. E.D. NNP 5180 2038 1 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 2038 2 1998 1998 CD 5180 2038 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2038 4 . . . 5180 2039 1 The the DT 5180 2039 2 Loudoun Loudoun NNP 5180 2039 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2039 4 reasoned reason VBD 5180 2039 5 that that IN 5180 2039 6 a a DT 5180 2039 7 library library NN 5180 2039 8 's 's POS 5180 2039 9 decision decision NN 5180 2039 10 to to TO 5180 2039 11 block block VB 5180 2039 12 certain certain JJ 5180 2039 13 Web web NN 5180 2039 14 sites site NNS 5180 2039 15 fundamentally fundamentally RB 5180 2039 16 differs differ VBZ 5180 2039 17 from from IN 5180 2039 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2039 19 decision decision NN 5180 2039 20 to to TO 5180 2039 21 carry carry VB 5180 2039 22 certain certain JJ 5180 2039 23 books book NNS 5180 2039 24 but but CC 5180 2039 25 not not RB 5180 2039 26 others other NNS 5180 2039 27 , , , 5180 2039 28 in in IN 5180 2039 29 that that DT 5180 2039 30 unlike unlike IN 5180 2039 31 the the DT 5180 2039 32 money money NN 5180 2039 33 and and CC 5180 2039 34 shelf shelf NN 5180 2039 35 space space NN 5180 2039 36 consumed consume VBN 5180 2039 37 by by IN 5180 2039 38 the the DT 5180 2039 39 library library NN 5180 2039 40 's 's POS 5180 2039 41 provision provision NN 5180 2039 42 of of IN 5180 2039 43 print print NN 5180 2039 44 materials material NNS 5180 2039 45 , , , 5180 2039 46 " " '' 5180 2039 47 no no DT 5180 2039 48 appreciable appreciable JJ 5180 2039 49 expenditure expenditure NN 5180 2039 50 of of IN 5180 2039 51 library library JJ 5180 2039 52 time time NN 5180 2039 53 or or CC 5180 2039 54 resources resource NNS 5180 2039 55 is be VBZ 5180 2039 56 required require VBN 5180 2039 57 to to TO 5180 2039 58 make make VB 5180 2039 59 a a DT 5180 2039 60 particular particular JJ 5180 2039 61 Internet internet NN 5180 2039 62 publication publication NN 5180 2039 63 available available JJ 5180 2039 64 " " `` 5180 2039 65 once once IN 5180 2039 66 the the DT 5180 2039 67 library library NN 5180 2039 68 has have VBZ 5180 2039 69 acquired acquire VBN 5180 2039 70 Internet internet NN 5180 2039 71 access access NN 5180 2039 72 . . . 5180 2040 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 2041 1 at at IN 5180 2041 2 793 793 CD 5180 2041 3 - - SYM 5180 2041 4 94 94 CD 5180 2041 5 . . . 5180 2042 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2042 2 disagree disagree VBP 5180 2042 3 . . . 5180 2043 1 Nearly nearly RB 5180 2043 2 every every DT 5180 2043 3 librarian librarian NN 5180 2043 4 who who WP 5180 2043 5 testified testify VBD 5180 2043 6 at at IN 5180 2043 7 trial trial NN 5180 2043 8 stated state VBD 5180 2043 9 that that IN 5180 2043 10 patrons patron NNS 5180 2043 11 ' ' POS 5180 2043 12 demand demand NN 5180 2043 13 for for IN 5180 2043 14 Internet internet NN 5180 2043 15 access access NN 5180 2043 16 exceeds exceed VBZ 5180 2043 17 the the DT 5180 2043 18 library library NN 5180 2043 19 's 's POS 5180 2043 20 supply supply NN 5180 2043 21 of of IN 5180 2043 22 Internet internet NN 5180 2043 23 terminals terminal NNS 5180 2043 24 . . . 5180 2044 1 Under under IN 5180 2044 2 such such JJ 5180 2044 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 5180 2044 4 , , , 5180 2044 5 every every DT 5180 2044 6 time time NN 5180 2044 7 library library NN 5180 2044 8 patrons patron NNS 5180 2044 9 visit visit VBP 5180 2044 10 a a DT 5180 2044 11 Web web NN 5180 2044 12 site site NN 5180 2044 13 , , , 5180 2044 14 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2044 15 deny deny VBP 5180 2044 16 other other JJ 5180 2044 17 patrons patron NNS 5180 2044 18 waiting wait VBG 5180 2044 19 to to TO 5180 2044 20 use use VB 5180 2044 21 the the DT 5180 2044 22 terminal terminal JJ 5180 2044 23 access access NN 5180 2044 24 to to IN 5180 2044 25 other other JJ 5180 2044 26 Web web NN 5180 2044 27 sites site NNS 5180 2044 28 . . . 5180 2045 1 Just just RB 5180 2045 2 as as IN 5180 2045 3 the the DT 5180 2045 4 scarcity scarcity NN 5180 2045 5 of of IN 5180 2045 6 a a DT 5180 2045 7 library library NN 5180 2045 8 's 's POS 5180 2045 9 budget budget NN 5180 2045 10 and and CC 5180 2045 11 shelf shelf NN 5180 2045 12 space space NN 5180 2045 13 constrains constrain VBZ 5180 2045 14 a a DT 5180 2045 15 library library NN 5180 2045 16 's 's POS 5180 2045 17 ability ability NN 5180 2045 18 to to TO 5180 2045 19 provide provide VB 5180 2045 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2045 21 patrons patron NNS 5180 2045 22 with with IN 5180 2045 23 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 5180 2045 24 access access NN 5180 2045 25 to to IN 5180 2045 26 print print NN 5180 2045 27 materials material NNS 5180 2045 28 , , , 5180 2045 29 the the DT 5180 2045 30 scarcity scarcity NN 5180 2045 31 of of IN 5180 2045 32 time time NN 5180 2045 33 at at IN 5180 2045 34 Internet internet NN 5180 2045 35 terminals terminal NNS 5180 2045 36 constrains constrain VBZ 5180 2045 37 libraries library NNS 5180 2045 38 ' ' POS 5180 2045 39 ability ability NN 5180 2045 40 to to TO 5180 2045 41 provide provide VB 5180 2045 42 patrons patron NNS 5180 2045 43 with with IN 5180 2045 44 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 5180 2045 45 Internet internet NN 5180 2045 46 access access NN 5180 2045 47 : : : 5180 2045 48 The the DT 5180 2045 49 same same JJ 5180 2045 50 budget budget NN 5180 2045 51 concerns concern NNS 5180 2045 52 constraining constrain VBG 5180 2045 53 the the DT 5180 2045 54 number number NN 5180 2045 55 of of IN 5180 2045 56 books book NNS 5180 2045 57 that that WDT 5180 2045 58 libraries library NNS 5180 2045 59 can can MD 5180 2045 60 offer offer VB 5180 2045 61 also also RB 5180 2045 62 limits limit VBZ 5180 2045 63 the the DT 5180 2045 64 number number NN 5180 2045 65 of of IN 5180 2045 66 terminals terminal NNS 5180 2045 67 , , , 5180 2045 68 Internet internet NN 5180 2045 69 accounts account NNS 5180 2045 70 , , , 5180 2045 71 and and CC 5180 2045 72 speed speed NN 5180 2045 73 of of IN 5180 2045 74 access access NN 5180 2045 75 links link NNS 5180 2045 76 that that WDT 5180 2045 77 can can MD 5180 2045 78 be be VB 5180 2045 79 purchased purchase VBN 5180 2045 80 , , , 5180 2045 81 and and CC 5180 2045 82 thus thus RB 5180 2045 83 the the DT 5180 2045 84 number number NN 5180 2045 85 of of IN 5180 2045 86 Web web NN 5180 2045 87 pages page NNS 5180 2045 88 that that IN 5180 2045 89 patrons patron NNS 5180 2045 90 can can MD 5180 2045 91 view view VB 5180 2045 92 . . . 5180 2046 1 This this DT 5180 2046 2 is be VBZ 5180 2046 3 clear clear JJ 5180 2046 4 to to IN 5180 2046 5 anyone anyone NN 5180 2046 6 who who WP 5180 2046 7 has have VBZ 5180 2046 8 been be VBN 5180 2046 9 denied deny VBN 5180 2046 10 access access NN 5180 2046 11 to to IN 5180 2046 12 a a DT 5180 2046 13 Website website NN 5180 2046 14 because because IN 5180 2046 15 no no DT 5180 2046 16 terminal terminal NN 5180 2046 17 was be VBD 5180 2046 18 unoccupied unoccupied JJ 5180 2046 19 . . . 5180 2047 1 Mark Mark NNP 5180 2047 2 S. S. NNP 5180 2047 3 Nadel Nadel NNP 5180 2047 4 , , , 5180 2047 5 The the DT 5180 2047 6 First First NNP 5180 2047 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2047 8 's 's POS 5180 2047 9 Limitations Limitations NNPS 5180 2047 10 on on IN 5180 2047 11 the the DT 5180 2047 12 Use Use NNP 5180 2047 13 of of IN 5180 2047 14 Internet Internet NNP 5180 2047 15 Filtering Filtering NNP 5180 2047 16 in in IN 5180 2047 17 Public Public NNP 5180 2047 18 and and CC 5180 2047 19 School School NNP 5180 2047 20 Libraries Libraries NNPS 5180 2047 21 : : : 5180 2047 22 What what WP 5180 2047 23 Content content NN 5180 2047 24 Can Can MD 5180 2047 25 Libraries library NNS 5180 2047 26 Exclude exclude VB 5180 2047 27 ? ? . 5180 2047 28 , , , 5180 2047 29 78 78 CD 5180 2047 30 Tex tex NN 5180 2047 31 . . . 5180 2048 1 L. L. NNP 5180 2048 2 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 2049 1 1117 1117 CD 5180 2049 2 , , , 5180 2049 3 1128 1128 CD 5180 2049 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2049 5 2000 2000 CD 5180 2049 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2049 7 . . . 5180 2050 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2050 2 have have VBP 5180 2050 3 found find VBN 5180 2050 4 that that IN 5180 2050 5 approximately approximately RB 5180 2050 6 14.3 14.3 CD 5180 2050 7 million million CD 5180 2050 8 Americans Americans NNPS 5180 2050 9 access access VBP 5180 2050 10 the the DT 5180 2050 11 Internet internet NN 5180 2050 12 at at IN 5180 2050 13 a a DT 5180 2050 14 public public JJ 5180 2050 15 library library NN 5180 2050 16 , , , 5180 2050 17 and and CC 5180 2050 18 Internet internet NN 5180 2050 19 access access NN 5180 2050 20 at at IN 5180 2050 21 public public JJ 5180 2050 22 libraries library NNS 5180 2050 23 is be VBZ 5180 2050 24 more more RBR 5180 2050 25 often often RB 5180 2050 26 used use VBN 5180 2050 27 by by IN 5180 2050 28 those those DT 5180 2050 29 with with IN 5180 2050 30 lower low JJR 5180 2050 31 incomes income NNS 5180 2050 32 than than IN 5180 2050 33 those those DT 5180 2050 34 with with IN 5180 2050 35 higher high JJR 5180 2050 36 incomes income NNS 5180 2050 37 . . . 5180 2051 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2051 2 found find VBD 5180 2051 3 that that IN 5180 2051 4 about about RB 5180 2051 5 20.3 20.3 CD 5180 2051 6 % % NN 5180 2051 7 of of IN 5180 2051 8 Internet internet NN 5180 2051 9 users user NNS 5180 2051 10 with with IN 5180 2051 11 household household NN 5180 2051 12 family family NN 5180 2051 13 income income NN 5180 2051 14 of of IN 5180 2051 15 less less JJR 5180 2051 16 than than IN 5180 2051 17 $ $ $ 5180 2051 18 15,000 15,000 CD 5180 2051 19 per per IN 5180 2051 20 year year NN 5180 2051 21 use use VBP 5180 2051 22 public public JJ 5180 2051 23 libraries library NNS 5180 2051 24 for for IN 5180 2051 25 Internet internet NN 5180 2051 26 access access NN 5180 2051 27 , , , 5180 2051 28 and and CC 5180 2051 29 approximately approximately RB 5180 2051 30 70 70 CD 5180 2051 31 % % NN 5180 2051 32 of of IN 5180 2051 33 libraries library NNS 5180 2051 34 serving serve VBG 5180 2051 35 communities community NNS 5180 2051 36 with with IN 5180 2051 37 poverty poverty NN 5180 2051 38 levels level NNS 5180 2051 39 in in IN 5180 2051 40 excess excess NN 5180 2051 41 of of IN 5180 2051 42 40 40 CD 5180 2051 43 % % NN 5180 2051 44 receive receive JJ 5180 2051 45 E e NN 5180 2051 46 - - NN 5180 2051 47 rate rate NN 5180 2051 48 discounts discount NNS 5180 2051 49 . . . 5180 2052 1 The the DT 5180 2052 2 widespread widespread JJ 5180 2052 3 availability availability NN 5180 2052 4 of of IN 5180 2052 5 Internet internet NN 5180 2052 6 access access NN 5180 2052 7 in in IN 5180 2052 8 public public JJ 5180 2052 9 libraries library NNS 5180 2052 10 is be VBZ 5180 2052 11 due due JJ 5180 2052 12 , , , 5180 2052 13 in in IN 5180 2052 14 part part NN 5180 2052 15 , , , 5180 2052 16 to to IN 5180 2052 17 the the DT 5180 2052 18 availability availability NN 5180 2052 19 of of IN 5180 2052 20 public public JJ 5180 2052 21 funding funding NN 5180 2052 22 , , , 5180 2052 23 including include VBG 5180 2052 24 state state NN 5180 2052 25 and and CC 5180 2052 26 local local JJ 5180 2052 27 funding funding NN 5180 2052 28 and and CC 5180 2052 29 the the DT 5180 2052 30 federal federal JJ 5180 2052 31 funding funding NN 5180 2052 32 programs program NNS 5180 2052 33 regulated regulate VBN 5180 2052 34 by by IN 5180 2052 35 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2052 36 . . . 5180 2053 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2053 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 2053 3 that that IN 5180 2053 4 traditional traditional JJ 5180 2053 5 public public JJ 5180 2053 6 fora fora NNP 5180 2053 7 have have VBP 5180 2053 8 characteristics characteristic NNS 5180 2053 9 that that WDT 5180 2053 10 promote promote VBP 5180 2053 11 First First NNP 5180 2053 12 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2053 13 values value NNS 5180 2053 14 in in IN 5180 2053 15 ways way NNS 5180 2053 16 that that IN 5180 2053 17 the the DT 5180 2053 18 provision provision NN 5180 2053 19 of of IN 5180 2053 20 Internet internet NN 5180 2053 21 access access NN 5180 2053 22 in in IN 5180 2053 23 public public JJ 5180 2053 24 libraries library NNS 5180 2053 25 does do VBZ 5180 2053 26 not not RB 5180 2053 27 . . . 5180 2054 1 For for IN 5180 2054 2 example example NN 5180 2054 3 , , , 5180 2054 4 a a DT 5180 2054 5 significant significant JJ 5180 2054 6 virtue virtue NN 5180 2054 7 of of IN 5180 2054 8 traditional traditional JJ 5180 2054 9 public public JJ 5180 2054 10 fora fora NN 5180 2054 11 is be VBZ 5180 2054 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2054 13 facilitation facilitation NN 5180 2054 14 of of IN 5180 2054 15 face face NN 5180 2054 16 - - HYPH 5180 2054 17 to to IN 5180 2054 18 - - HYPH 5180 2054 19 face face NN 5180 2054 20 communication communication NN 5180 2054 21 . . . 5180 2055 1 " " `` 5180 2055 2 In in IN 5180 2055 3 a a DT 5180 2055 4 face face NN 5180 2055 5 - - HYPH 5180 2055 6 to- to- NN 5180 2055 7 face face NN 5180 2055 8 encounter encounter NN 5180 2055 9 there there EX 5180 2055 10 is be VBZ 5180 2055 11 a a DT 5180 2055 12 greater great JJR 5180 2055 13 opportunity opportunity NN 5180 2055 14 for for IN 5180 2055 15 the the DT 5180 2055 16 exchange exchange NN 5180 2055 17 of of IN 5180 2055 18 ideas idea NNS 5180 2055 19 and and CC 5180 2055 20 the the DT 5180 2055 21 propagation propagation NN 5180 2055 22 of of IN 5180 2055 23 views view NNS 5180 2055 24 . . . 5180 2056 1 . . . 5180 2057 1 . . . 5180 2058 1 . . . 5180 2058 2 " " '' 5180 2059 1 Cornelius Cornelius NNP 5180 2059 2 , , , 5180 2059 3 473 473 CD 5180 2059 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2059 5 at at IN 5180 2059 6 798 798 CD 5180 2059 7 . . . 5180 2060 1 Face face NN 5180 2060 2 - - HYPH 5180 2060 3 to to IN 5180 2060 4 - - HYPH 5180 2060 5 face face NN 5180 2060 6 exchanges exchange NNS 5180 2060 7 also also RB 5180 2060 8 permit permit VBP 5180 2060 9 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2060 10 to to TO 5180 2060 11 confront confront VB 5180 2060 12 listeners listener NNS 5180 2060 13 who who WP 5180 2060 14 would would MD 5180 2060 15 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 2060 16 not not RB 5180 2060 17 actively actively RB 5180 2060 18 seek seek VB 5180 2060 19 out out RP 5180 2060 20 the the DT 5180 2060 21 information information NN 5180 2060 22 that that WDT 5180 2060 23 the the DT 5180 2060 24 speaker speaker NN 5180 2060 25 has have VBZ 5180 2060 26 to to TO 5180 2060 27 offer offer VB 5180 2060 28 . . . 5180 2061 1 In in IN 5180 2061 2 contrast contrast NN 5180 2061 3 , , , 5180 2061 4 the the DT 5180 2061 5 Internet internet NN 5180 2061 6 operates operate VBZ 5180 2061 7 largely largely RB 5180 2061 8 by by IN 5180 2061 9 providing provide VBG 5180 2061 10 individuals individual NNS 5180 2061 11 with with IN 5180 2061 12 only only RB 5180 2061 13 that that DT 5180 2061 14 information information NN 5180 2061 15 that that IN 5180 2061 16 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2061 17 actively actively RB 5180 2061 18 seek seek VBP 5180 2061 19 out out RP 5180 2061 20 . . . 5180 2062 1 Although although IN 5180 2062 2 the the DT 5180 2062 3 Internet internet NN 5180 2062 4 does do VBZ 5180 2062 5 not not RB 5180 2062 6 permit permit VB 5180 2062 7 face face NN 5180 2062 8 - - HYPH 5180 2062 9 to to IN 5180 2062 10 - - HYPH 5180 2062 11 face face NN 5180 2062 12 communication communication NN 5180 2062 13 in in IN 5180 2062 14 the the DT 5180 2062 15 same same JJ 5180 2062 16 way way NN 5180 2062 17 that that IN 5180 2062 18 traditional traditional JJ 5180 2062 19 public public JJ 5180 2062 20 fora fora NN 5180 2062 21 do do VB 5180 2062 22 , , , 5180 2062 23 the the DT 5180 2062 24 Internet internet NN 5180 2062 25 , , , 5180 2062 26 as as IN 5180 2062 27 a a DT 5180 2062 28 medium medium NN 5180 2062 29 of of IN 5180 2062 30 expression expression NN 5180 2062 31 , , , 5180 2062 32 is be VBZ 5180 2062 33 significantly significantly RB 5180 2062 34 more more RBR 5180 2062 35 interactive interactive JJ 5180 2062 36 than than IN 5180 2062 37 the the DT 5180 2062 38 broadcast broadcast NN 5180 2062 39 media medium NNS 5180 2062 40 and and CC 5180 2062 41 the the DT 5180 2062 42 press press NN 5180 2062 43 . . . 5180 2063 1 " " `` 5180 2063 2 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2063 3 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2063 4 Web web NN 5180 2063 5 makes make VBZ 5180 2063 6 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2063 7 possible possible JJ 5180 2063 8 to to TO 5180 2063 9 establish establish VB 5180 2063 10 two two CD 5180 2063 11 - - HYPH 5180 2063 12 way way NN 5180 2063 13 linkages linkage NNS 5180 2063 14 with with IN 5180 2063 15 potential potential JJ 5180 2063 16 sympathizers sympathizer NNS 5180 2063 17 . . . 5180 2064 1 Unlike unlike IN 5180 2064 2 the the DT 5180 2064 3 unidirectional unidirectional JJ 5180 2064 4 nature nature NN 5180 2064 5 of of IN 5180 2064 6 most most JJS 5180 2064 7 mass mass NN 5180 2064 8 media medium NNS 5180 2064 9 , , , 5180 2064 10 websites website NNS 5180 2064 11 , , , 5180 2064 12 bulletin bulletin NN 5180 2064 13 boards board NNS 5180 2064 14 , , , 5180 2064 15 chatrooms chatroom NNS 5180 2064 16 , , , 5180 2064 17 and and CC 5180 2064 18 email email NN 5180 2064 19 are be VBP 5180 2064 20 potentially potentially RB 5180 2064 21 interactive interactive JJ 5180 2064 22 . . . 5180 2064 23 " " '' 5180 2065 1 Seth Seth NNP 5180 2065 2 F. F. NNP 5180 2065 3 Kreimer Kreimer NNP 5180 2065 4 , , , 5180 2065 5 Technologies Technologies NNPS 5180 2065 6 of of IN 5180 2065 7 Protest Protest NNP 5180 2065 8 : : : 5180 2065 9 Insurgent Insurgent NNP 5180 2065 10 Social Social NNP 5180 2065 11 Movements Movements NNPS 5180 2065 12 and and CC 5180 2065 13 the the DT 5180 2065 14 First First NNP 5180 2065 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2065 16 in in IN 5180 2065 17 the the DT 5180 2065 18 Era era NN 5180 2065 19 of of IN 5180 2065 20 the the DT 5180 2065 21 Internet internet NN 5180 2065 22 , , , 5180 2065 23 150 150 CD 5180 2065 24 U. U. NNP 5180 2065 25 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 5180 2065 26 L. L. NNP 5180 2065 27 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 2066 1 119 119 CD 5180 2066 2 , , , 5180 2066 3 130 130 CD 5180 2066 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2066 5 2001 2001 CD 5180 2066 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2066 7 . . . 5180 2067 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2067 2 acknowledge acknowledge VBP 5180 2067 3 that that IN 5180 2067 4 the the DT 5180 2067 5 Internet internet NN 5180 2067 6 's 's POS 5180 2067 7 architecture architecture NN 5180 2067 8 is be VBZ 5180 2067 9 a a DT 5180 2067 10 human human JJ 5180 2067 11 creation creation NN 5180 2067 12 , , , 5180 2067 13 and and CC 5180 2067 14 is be VBZ 5180 2067 15 therefore therefore RB 5180 2067 16 subject subject JJ 5180 2067 17 to to IN 5180 2067 18 change change NN 5180 2067 19 . . . 5180 2068 1 The the DT 5180 2068 2 foregoing foregoing JJ 5180 2068 3 analysis analysis NN 5180 2068 4 of of IN 5180 2068 5 the the DT 5180 2068 6 unique unique JJ 5180 2068 7 speech speech NN 5180 2068 8 - - HYPH 5180 2068 9 enhancing enhance VBG 5180 2068 10 qualities quality NNS 5180 2068 11 of of IN 5180 2068 12 the the DT 5180 2068 13 Internet internet NN 5180 2068 14 is be VBZ 5180 2068 15 limited limit VBN 5180 2068 16 to to IN 5180 2068 17 the the DT 5180 2068 18 Internet internet NN 5180 2068 19 as as RB 5180 2068 20 currently currently RB 5180 2068 21 constructed construct VBN 5180 2068 22 . . . 5180 2069 1 Indeed indeed RB 5180 2069 2 , , , 5180 2069 3 the the DT 5180 2069 4 characteristics characteristic NNS 5180 2069 5 of of IN 5180 2069 6 the the DT 5180 2069 7 Internet internet NN 5180 2069 8 that that WDT 5180 2069 9 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2069 10 believe believe VBP 5180 2069 11 render render VBP 5180 2069 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2069 13 uniquely uniquely RB 5180 2069 14 suited suit VBD 5180 2069 15 to to TO 5180 2069 16 promote promote VB 5180 2069 17 First First NNP 5180 2069 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2069 19 values value NNS 5180 2069 20 may may MD 5180 2069 21 change change VB 5180 2069 22 as as IN 5180 2069 23 the the DT 5180 2069 24 Internet internet NN 5180 2069 25 's 's POS 5180 2069 26 architecture architecture NN 5180 2069 27 evolves evolve NNS 5180 2069 28 . . . 5180 2070 1 See see VB 5180 2070 2 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 5180 2070 3 Lessig Lessig NNP 5180 2070 4 , , , 5180 2070 5 Reading read VBG 5180 2070 6 the the DT 5180 2070 7 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 2070 8 in in IN 5180 2070 9 Cyberspace Cyberspace NNP 5180 2070 10 , , , 5180 2070 11 45 45 CD 5180 2070 12 Emory emory NN 5180 2070 13 L.J. L.J. NNP 5180 2071 1 869 869 CD 5180 2071 2 , , , 5180 2071 3 888 888 CD 5180 2071 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2071 5 1996 1996 CD 5180 2071 6 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2071 7 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2071 8 " " `` 5180 2071 9 Cyberspace cyberspace NN 5180 2071 10 has have VBZ 5180 2071 11 no no DT 5180 2071 12 permanent permanent JJ 5180 2071 13 nature nature NN 5180 2071 14 , , , 5180 2071 15 save save VB 5180 2071 16 the the DT 5180 2071 17 nature nature NN 5180 2071 18 of of IN 5180 2071 19 a a DT 5180 2071 20 place place NN 5180 2071 21 of of IN 5180 2071 22 unlimited unlimited JJ 5180 2071 23 plasticity plasticity NN 5180 2071 24 . . . 5180 2072 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2072 2 do do VBP 5180 2072 3 n't not RB 5180 2072 4 find find VB 5180 2072 5 cyberspace cyberspace NN 5180 2072 6 , , , 5180 2072 7 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2072 8 build build VBP 5180 2072 9 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2072 10 . . . 5180 2073 1 ") ") `` 5180 2073 2 ; ; : 5180 2073 3 see see VB 5180 2073 4 also also RB 5180 2073 5 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 5180 2073 6 Lessig Lessig NNP 5180 2073 7 , , , 5180 2073 8 The the DT 5180 2073 9 Death Death NNP 5180 2073 10 of of IN 5180 2073 11 Cyberspace Cyberspace NNP 5180 2073 12 , , , 5180 2073 13 57 57 CD 5180 2073 14 Wash. Washington NNP 5180 2073 15 & & CC 5180 2073 16 Lee Lee NNP 5180 2073 17 L. L. NNP 5180 2073 18 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 2074 1 337 337 CD 5180 2074 2 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2074 3 2000 2000 CD 5180 2074 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2074 5 . . . 5180 2075 1 For for IN 5180 2075 2 First First NNP 5180 2075 3 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2075 4 purposes purpose NNS 5180 2075 5 , , , 5180 2075 6 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 2075 7 is be VBZ 5180 2075 8 " " `` 5180 2075 9 limited limited JJ 5180 2075 10 to to IN 5180 2075 11 works work NNS 5180 2075 12 which which WDT 5180 2075 13 , , , 5180 2075 14 taken take VBN 5180 2075 15 as as IN 5180 2075 16 a a DT 5180 2075 17 whole whole NN 5180 2075 18 , , , 5180 2075 19 appeal appeal VBP 5180 2075 20 to to IN 5180 2075 21 the the DT 5180 2075 22 prurient prurient JJ 5180 2075 23 interest interest NN 5180 2075 24 in in IN 5180 2075 25 sex sex NN 5180 2075 26 , , , 5180 2075 27 which which WDT 5180 2075 28 portray portray VBP 5180 2075 29 sexual sexual JJ 5180 2075 30 conduct conduct NN 5180 2075 31 in in IN 5180 2075 32 a a DT 5180 2075 33 patently patently RB 5180 2075 34 offensive offensive JJ 5180 2075 35 way way NN 5180 2075 36 , , , 5180 2075 37 and and CC 5180 2075 38 which which WDT 5180 2075 39 , , , 5180 2075 40 taken take VBN 5180 2075 41 as as IN 5180 2075 42 a a DT 5180 2075 43 whole whole NN 5180 2075 44 , , , 5180 2075 45 do do VB 5180 2075 46 not not RB 5180 2075 47 have have VB 5180 2075 48 serious serious JJ 5180 2075 49 literary literary JJ 5180 2075 50 , , , 5180 2075 51 artistic artistic JJ 5180 2075 52 , , , 5180 2075 53 political political JJ 5180 2075 54 , , , 5180 2075 55 or or CC 5180 2075 56 scientific scientific JJ 5180 2075 57 value value NN 5180 2075 58 . . . 5180 2075 59 " " '' 5180 2076 1 Miller Miller NNP 5180 2076 2 v. v. IN 5180 2076 3 California California NNP 5180 2076 4 , , , 5180 2076 5 413 413 CD 5180 2076 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2076 7 15 15 CD 5180 2076 8 , , , 5180 2076 9 24 24 CD 5180 2076 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2076 11 1973 1973 CD 5180 2076 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2076 13 . . . 5180 2077 1 The the DT 5180 2077 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2077 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2077 4 in in IN 5180 2077 5 Reno Reno NNP 5180 2077 6 explained explain VBD 5180 2077 7 : : : 5180 2077 8 The the DT 5180 2077 9 District District NNP 5180 2077 10 Court Court NNP 5180 2077 11 found find VBD 5180 2077 12 that that IN 5180 2077 13 at at IN 5180 2077 14 the the DT 5180 2077 15 time time NN 5180 2077 16 of of IN 5180 2077 17 trial trial NN 5180 2077 18 existing exist VBG 5180 2077 19 technology technology NN 5180 2077 20 did do VBD 5180 2077 21 not not RB 5180 2077 22 include include VB 5180 2077 23 any any DT 5180 2077 24 effective effective JJ 5180 2077 25 method method NN 5180 2077 26 for for IN 5180 2077 27 a a DT 5180 2077 28 sender sender NN 5180 2077 29 to to TO 5180 2077 30 prevent prevent VB 5180 2077 31 minors minor NNS 5180 2077 32 from from IN 5180 2077 33 obtaining obtain VBG 5180 2077 34 access access NN 5180 2077 35 to to IN 5180 2077 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2077 37 communications communication NNS 5180 2077 38 on on IN 5180 2077 39 the the DT 5180 2077 40 Internet internet NN 5180 2077 41 without without IN 5180 2077 42 also also RB 5180 2077 43 denying deny VBG 5180 2077 44 access access NN 5180 2077 45 to to IN 5180 2077 46 adults adult NNS 5180 2077 47 . . . 5180 2078 1 The the DT 5180 2078 2 Court Court NNP 5180 2078 3 found find VBD 5180 2078 4 no no DT 5180 2078 5 effective effective JJ 5180 2078 6 way way NN 5180 2078 7 to to TO 5180 2078 8 determine determine VB 5180 2078 9 the the DT 5180 2078 10 age age NN 5180 2078 11 of of IN 5180 2078 12 a a DT 5180 2078 13 user user NN 5180 2078 14 who who WP 5180 2078 15 is be VBZ 5180 2078 16 accessing access VBG 5180 2078 17 material material NN 5180 2078 18 through through IN 5180 2078 19 e e NN 5180 2078 20 - - NN 5180 2078 21 mail mail NN 5180 2078 22 , , , 5180 2078 23 mail mail NN 5180 2078 24 exploders exploder NNS 5180 2078 25 , , , 5180 2078 26 newsgroups newsgroup NNS 5180 2078 27 , , , 5180 2078 28 or or CC 5180 2078 29 chat chat NN 5180 2078 30 rooms room NNS 5180 2078 31 . . . 5180 2079 1 As as IN 5180 2079 2 a a DT 5180 2079 3 practical practical JJ 5180 2079 4 matter matter NN 5180 2079 5 , , , 5180 2079 6 the the DT 5180 2079 7 Court Court NNP 5180 2079 8 also also RB 5180 2079 9 found find VBD 5180 2079 10 that that IN 5180 2079 11 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2079 12 would would MD 5180 2079 13 be be VB 5180 2079 14 prohibitively prohibitively RB 5180 2079 15 expensive expensive JJ 5180 2079 16 for for IN 5180 2079 17 noncommercial noncommercial JJ 5180 2079 18 – – : 5180 2079 19 as as RB 5180 2079 20 well well RB 5180 2079 21 as as IN 5180 2079 22 some some DT 5180 2079 23 commercial commercial NN 5180 2079 24 – – : 5180 2079 25 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2079 26 who who WP 5180 2079 27 have have VBP 5180 2079 28 Web web NN 5180 2079 29 sites site NNS 5180 2079 30 to to TO 5180 2079 31 verify verify VB 5180 2079 32 that that IN 5180 2079 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2079 34 users user NNS 5180 2079 35 are be VBP 5180 2079 36 adults adult NNS 5180 2079 37 . . . 5180 2080 1 These these DT 5180 2080 2 limitations limitation NNS 5180 2080 3 must must MD 5180 2080 4 inevitably inevitably RB 5180 2080 5 curtail curtail VB 5180 2080 6 a a DT 5180 2080 7 significant significant JJ 5180 2080 8 amount amount NN 5180 2080 9 of of IN 5180 2080 10 adult adult NN 5180 2080 11 communication communication NN 5180 2080 12 on on IN 5180 2080 13 the the DT 5180 2080 14 Internet internet NN 5180 2080 15 . . . 5180 2081 1 Reno Reno NNP 5180 2081 2 , , , 5180 2081 3 521 521 CD 5180 2081 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2081 5 at at IN 5180 2081 6 876 876 CD 5180 2081 7 - - SYM 5180 2081 8 77 77 CD 5180 2081 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2081 10 citation citation NNP 5180 2081 11 omitted omit VBN 5180 2081 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2081 13 . . . 5180 2082 1 To to IN 5180 2082 2 the the DT 5180 2082 3 extent extent NN 5180 2082 4 that that IN 5180 2082 5 filtering filter VBG 5180 2082 6 software software NN 5180 2082 7 is be VBZ 5180 2082 8 effective effective JJ 5180 2082 9 in in IN 5180 2082 10 identifying identify VBG 5180 2082 11 URLs url NNS 5180 2082 12 of of IN 5180 2082 13 Web web NN 5180 2082 14 pages page NNS 5180 2082 15 containing contain VBG 5180 2082 16 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 2082 17 or or CC 5180 2082 18 child child NN 5180 2082 19 pornography pornography NN 5180 2082 20 , , , 5180 2082 21 libraries library NNS 5180 2082 22 may may MD 5180 2082 23 use use VB 5180 2082 24 filtering filter VBG 5180 2082 25 software software NN 5180 2082 26 as as IN 5180 2082 27 a a DT 5180 2082 28 tool tool NN 5180 2082 29 for for IN 5180 2082 30 identifying identify VBG 5180 2082 31 URLs url NNS 5180 2082 32 in in IN 5180 2082 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2082 34 Internet internet NN 5180 2082 35 use use NN 5180 2082 36 logs log NNS 5180 2082 37 that that WDT 5180 2082 38 fall fall VBP 5180 2082 39 within within IN 5180 2082 40 these these DT 5180 2082 41 categories category NNS 5180 2082 42 , , , 5180 2082 43 without without IN 5180 2082 44 requiring require VBG 5180 2082 45 patrons patron NNS 5180 2082 46 to to TO 5180 2082 47 use use VB 5180 2082 48 filtering filter VBG 5180 2082 49 software software NN 5180 2082 50 . . . 5180 2083 1 As as IN 5180 2083 2 the the DT 5180 2083 3 study study NN 5180 2083 4 of of IN 5180 2083 5 Benjamin Benjamin NNP 5180 2083 6 Edelman Edelman NNP 5180 2083 7 , , , 5180 2083 8 an an DT 5180 2083 9 expert expert JJ 5180 2083 10 witness witness NN 5180 2083 11 for for IN 5180 2083 12 the the DT 5180 2083 13 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2083 14 , , , 5180 2083 15 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ 5180 2083 16 , , , 5180 2083 17 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2083 18 is be VBZ 5180 2083 19 possible possible JJ 5180 2083 20 to to TO 5180 2083 21 develop develop VB 5180 2083 22 software software NN 5180 2083 23 that that WDT 5180 2083 24 automatically automatically RB 5180 2083 25 tests test VBZ 5180 2083 26 a a DT 5180 2083 27 list list NN 5180 2083 28 of of IN 5180 2083 29 URLs url NNS 5180 2083 30 , , , 5180 2083 31 such such JJ 5180 2083 32 as as IN 5180 2083 33 the the DT 5180 2083 34 list list NN 5180 2083 35 of of IN 5180 2083 36 URLs url NNS 5180 2083 37 in in IN 5180 2083 38 a a DT 5180 2083 39 public public JJ 5180 2083 40 library library NN 5180 2083 41 's 's POS 5180 2083 42 Internet internet NN 5180 2083 43 use use NN 5180 2083 44 logs log NNS 5180 2083 45 , , , 5180 2083 46 to to TO 5180 2083 47 determine determine VB 5180 2083 48 whether whether IN 5180 2083 49 any any DT 5180 2083 50 of of IN 5180 2083 51 those those DT 5180 2083 52 URLs url NNS 5180 2083 53 would would MD 5180 2083 54 be be VB 5180 2083 55 blocked block VBN 5180 2083 56 by by IN 5180 2083 57 a a DT 5180 2083 58 particular particular JJ 5180 2083 59 software software NN 5180 2083 60 filter filter NN 5180 2083 61 as as IN 5180 2083 62 falling fall VBG 5180 2083 63 within within IN 5180 2083 64 a a DT 5180 2083 65 particular particular JJ 5180 2083 66 category category NN 5180 2083 67 . . . 5180 2084 1 Alternatively alternatively RB 5180 2084 2 , , , 5180 2084 3 library library NN 5180 2084 4 staff staff NN 5180 2084 5 can can MD 5180 2084 6 review review VB 5180 2084 7 the the DT 5180 2084 8 Internet internet NN 5180 2084 9 use use NN 5180 2084 10 logs log VBZ 5180 2084 11 by by IN 5180 2084 12 hand hand NN 5180 2084 13 , , , 5180 2084 14 skimming skim VBG 5180 2084 15 the the DT 5180 2084 16 list list NN 5180 2084 17 of of IN 5180 2084 18 URLs url NNS 5180 2084 19 for for IN 5180 2084 20 those those DT 5180 2084 21 that that WDT 5180 2084 22 are be VBP 5180 2084 23 likely likely JJ 5180 2084 24 to to TO 5180 2084 25 correspond correspond VB 5180 2084 26 to to IN 5180 2084 27 Web web NN 5180 2084 28 pages page NNS 5180 2084 29 containing contain VBG 5180 2084 30 obscenity obscenity NN 5180 2084 31 or or CC 5180 2084 32 child child NN 5180 2084 33 pornography pornography NN 5180 2084 34 , , , 5180 2084 35 as as IN 5180 2084 36 is be VBZ 5180 2084 37 the the DT 5180 2084 38 practice practice NN 5180 2084 39 of of IN 5180 2084 40 Tacoma Tacoma NNP 5180 2084 41 's 's POS 5180 2084 42 David David NNP 5180 2084 43 Biek Biek NNP 5180 2084 44 , , , 5180 2084 45 who who WP 5180 2084 46 testified testify VBD 5180 2084 47 as as IN 5180 2084 48 a a DT 5180 2084 49 government government NN 5180 2084 50 witness witness NN 5180 2084 51 . . . 5180 2085 1 Under under IN 5180 2085 2 either either DT 5180 2085 3 method method NN 5180 2085 4 , , , 5180 2085 5 public public JJ 5180 2085 6 libraries library NNS 5180 2085 7 can can MD 5180 2085 8 assure assure VB 5180 2085 9 patrons patron NNS 5180 2085 10 of of IN 5180 2085 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2085 12 privacy privacy NN 5180 2085 13 by by IN 5180 2085 14 tracing trace VBG 5180 2085 15 a a DT 5180 2085 16 given give VBN 5180 2085 17 URL url NN 5180 2085 18 to to IN 5180 2085 19 a a DT 5180 2085 20 particular particular JJ 5180 2085 21 patron patron NN 5180 2085 22 only only RB 5180 2085 23 after after IN 5180 2085 24 determining determine VBG 5180 2085 25 that that IN 5180 2085 26 the the DT 5180 2085 27 URL URL NNP 5180 2085 28 corresponds correspond VBZ 5180 2085 29 to to IN 5180 2085 30 a a DT 5180 2085 31 Web web NN 5180 2085 32 site site NN 5180 2085 33 whose whose WP$ 5180 2085 34 content content NN 5180 2085 35 is be VBZ 5180 2085 36 illegal illegal JJ 5180 2085 37 . . . 5180 2086 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2086 2 need need VBP 5180 2086 3 not not RB 5180 2086 4 decide decide VB 5180 2086 5 whether whether IN 5180 2086 6 these these DT 5180 2086 7 less less RBR 5180 2086 8 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 2086 9 alternatives alternative NNS 5180 2086 10 would would MD 5180 2086 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 2086 12 be be VB 5180 2086 13 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 2086 14 . . . 5180 2087 1 See see VB 5180 2087 2 Fabulous Fabulous NNP 5180 2087 3 Assocs Assocs NNP 5180 2087 4 . . . 5180 2087 5 , , , 5180 2087 6 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 2087 7 v. v. CC 5180 2087 8 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 5180 2087 9 Pub Pub NNP 5180 2087 10 . . . 5180 2088 1 Util util IN 5180 2088 2 . . . 5180 2089 1 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 2089 2 , , , 5180 2089 3 896 896 CD 5180 2089 4 F.2d F.2d NNP 5180 2089 5 780 780 CD 5180 2089 6 , , , 5180 2089 7 787 787 CD 5180 2089 8 n.6 n.6 CD 5180 2089 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2089 10 3d 3d NNP 5180 2089 11 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2089 12 . . . 5180 2090 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 2090 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2090 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2090 4 " " `` 5180 2090 5 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2090 6 intimate intimate JJ 5180 2090 7 no no DT 5180 2090 8 opinion opinion NN 5180 2090 9 on on IN 5180 2090 10 the the DT 5180 2090 11 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 2090 12 of of IN 5180 2090 13 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2090 14 a a DT 5180 2090 15 less less RBR 5180 2090 16 restrictive restrictive JJ 5180 2090 17 alternative alternative NN 5180 2090 18 to to IN 5180 2090 19 the the DT 5180 2090 20 challenged challenge VBN 5180 2090 21 law law NN 5180 2090 22 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2090 23 . . . 5180 2091 1 . . . 5180 2092 1 . . . 5180 2092 2 , , , 5180 2092 3 inasmuch inasmuch JJ 5180 2092 4 as as IN 5180 2092 5 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2092 6 consider consider VBP 5180 2092 7 merely merely RB 5180 2092 8 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2092 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2092 10 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2092 11 comparative comparative JJ 5180 2092 12 restrictiveness restrictiveness NN 5180 2092 13 . . . 5180 2093 1 . . . 5180 2094 1 . . . 5180 2095 1 . . . 5180 2095 2 " " '' 5180 2095 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2095 4 . . . 5180 2096 1 Whereas whereas IN 5180 2096 2 the the DT 5180 2096 3 disabling disable VBG 5180 2096 4 provision provision NN 5180 2096 5 applicable applicable JJ 5180 2096 6 to to IN 5180 2096 7 libraries library NNS 5180 2096 8 that that WDT 5180 2096 9 receive receive VBP 5180 2096 10 LSTA LSTA NNP 5180 2096 11 grants grant NNS 5180 2096 12 permits permit VBZ 5180 2096 13 disabling disable VBG 5180 2096 14 for for IN 5180 2096 15 both both DT 5180 2096 16 adults adult NNS 5180 2096 17 and and CC 5180 2096 18 minors minor NNS 5180 2096 19 , , , 5180 2096 20 the the DT 5180 2096 21 disabling disable VBG 5180 2096 22 provision provision NN 5180 2096 23 applicable applicable JJ 5180 2096 24 to to IN 5180 2096 25 libraries library NNS 5180 2096 26 that that WDT 5180 2096 27 receive receive VBP 5180 2096 28 E e NN 5180 2096 29 - - NN 5180 2096 30 rate rate NN 5180 2096 31 discounts discount NNS 5180 2096 32 permits permit VBZ 5180 2096 33 disabling disable VBG 5180 2096 34 only only RB 5180 2096 35 during during IN 5180 2096 36 adult adult NN 5180 2096 37 use use NN 5180 2096 38 . . . 5180 2097 1 Thus thus RB 5180 2097 2 , , , 5180 2097 3 the the DT 5180 2097 4 disabling disable VBG 5180 2097 5 provision provision NN 5180 2097 6 applicable applicable JJ 5180 2097 7 to to IN 5180 2097 8 libraries library NNS 5180 2097 9 receiving receive VBG 5180 2097 10 E e NN 5180 2097 11 - - NN 5180 2097 12 rate rate NN 5180 2097 13 discounts discount NNS 5180 2097 14 can can MD 5180 2097 15 not not RB 5180 2097 16 cure cure VB 5180 2097 17 the the DT 5180 2097 18 constitutional constitutional JJ 5180 2097 19 infirmity infirmity NN 5180 2097 20 of of IN 5180 2097 21 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2097 22 's 's POS 5180 2097 23 requirement requirement NN 5180 2097 24 that that IN 5180 2097 25 libraries library NNS 5180 2097 26 receiving receive VBG 5180 2097 27 E e NN 5180 2097 28 - - NN 5180 2097 29 rate rate NN 5180 2097 30 discounts discount NNS 5180 2097 31 use use VBP 5180 2097 32 software software NN 5180 2097 33 filters filter NNS 5180 2097 34 when when WRB 5180 2097 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2097 36 Internet internet NN 5180 2097 37 terminals terminal NNS 5180 2097 38 are be VBP 5180 2097 39 in in IN 5180 2097 40 use use NN 5180 2097 41 by by IN 5180 2097 42 minors minor NNS 5180 2097 43 . . . 5180 2098 1 Software software NN 5180 2098 2 filters filter NNS 5180 2098 3 sometimes sometimes RB 5180 2098 4 incorrectly incorrectly RB 5180 2098 5 block block VBP 5180 2098 6 access access NN 5180 2098 7 to to IN 5180 2098 8 , , , 5180 2098 9 inter inter NNP 5180 2098 10 alia alia NNS 5180 2098 11 , , , 5180 2098 12 Web web NN 5180 2098 13 sites site NNS 5180 2098 14 dealing deal VBG 5180 2098 15 with with IN 5180 2098 16 issues issue NNS 5180 2098 17 relating relate VBG 5180 2098 18 to to IN 5180 2098 19 sexual sexual JJ 5180 2098 20 identity identity NN 5180 2098 21 . . . 5180 2099 1 For for IN 5180 2099 2 example example NN 5180 2099 3 , , , 5180 2099 4 the the DT 5180 2099 5 " " `` 5180 2099 6 Gay Gay NNP 5180 2099 7 and and CC 5180 2099 8 Lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 2099 9 Chamber Chamber NNP 5180 2099 10 of of IN 5180 2099 11 Southern Southern NNP 5180 2099 12 Nevada Nevada NNP 5180 2099 13 , , , 5180 2099 14 " " '' 5180 2099 15 http://www.lambdalv.com http://www.lambdalv.com ADD 5180 2099 16 , , , 5180 2099 17 " " '' 5180 2099 18 a a DT 5180 2099 19 forum forum NN 5180 2099 20 for for IN 5180 2099 21 the the DT 5180 2099 22 business business NN 5180 2099 23 community community NN 5180 2099 24 to to TO 5180 2099 25 develop develop VB 5180 2099 26 relationships relationship NNS 5180 2099 27 within within IN 5180 2099 28 the the DT 5180 2099 29 Las Las NNP 5180 2099 30 Vegas Vegas NNP 5180 2099 31 lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 2099 32 , , , 5180 2099 33 gay gay JJ 5180 2099 34 transsexual transsexual NN 5180 2099 35 , , , 5180 2099 36 and and CC 5180 2099 37 bisexual bisexual JJ 5180 2099 38 community community NN 5180 2099 39 " " '' 5180 2099 40 was be VBD 5180 2099 41 blocked block VBN 5180 2099 42 by by IN 5180 2099 43 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 2099 44 as as IN 5180 2099 45 " " `` 5180 2099 46 Adults Adults NNP 5180 2099 47 Only only RB 5180 2099 48 , , , 5180 2099 49 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 2099 50 . . . 5180 2099 51 " " '' 5180 2100 1 The the DT 5180 2100 2 home home NN 5180 2100 3 page page NN 5180 2100 4 of of IN 5180 2100 5 the the DT 5180 2100 6 Lesbian lesbian JJ 5180 2100 7 and and CC 5180 2100 8 Gay Gay NNP 5180 2100 9 Havurah Havurah NNP 5180 2100 10 of of IN 5180 2100 11 the the DT 5180 2100 12 Long Long NNP 5180 2100 13 Beach Beach NNP 5180 2100 14 , , , 5180 2100 15 California California NNP 5180 2100 16 Jewish Jewish NNP 5180 2100 17 Community Community NNP 5180 2100 18 Center Center NNP 5180 2100 19 , , , 5180 2100 20 http://www.compupix.com/gay/havurah.htm http://www.compupix.com/gay/havurah.htm NNP 5180 2100 21 , , , 5180 2100 22 was be VBD 5180 2100 23 blocked block VBN 5180 2100 24 by by IN 5180 2100 25 N2H2 N2H2 NNP 5180 2100 26 as as IN 5180 2100 27 " " `` 5180 2100 28 Adults Adults NNP 5180 2100 29 Only only RB 5180 2100 30 , , , 5180 2100 31 Pornography Pornography NNP 5180 2100 32 , , , 5180 2100 33 " " '' 5180 2100 34 by by IN 5180 2100 35 Smartfilter Smartfilter NNP 5180 2100 36 as as IN 5180 2100 37 " " `` 5180 2100 38 Sex sex NN 5180 2100 39 , , , 5180 2100 40 " " '' 5180 2100 41 and and CC 5180 2100 42 by by IN 5180 2100 43 Websense Websense NNP 5180 2100 44 as as IN 5180 2100 45 " " `` 5180 2100 46 Sex sex NN 5180 2100 47 . . . 5180 2100 48 " " '' 5180 2101 1 Among among IN 5180 2101 2 the the DT 5180 2101 3 types type NNS 5180 2101 4 of of IN 5180 2101 5 Web web NN 5180 2101 6 sites site NNS 5180 2101 7 that that WDT 5180 2101 8 filters filter NNS 5180 2101 9 erroneously erroneously RB 5180 2101 10 block block NN 5180 2101 11 are be VBP 5180 2101 12 Web web NN 5180 2101 13 sites site NNS 5180 2101 14 dealing deal VBG 5180 2101 15 with with IN 5180 2101 16 health health NN 5180 2101 17 issues issue NNS 5180 2101 18 , , , 5180 2101 19 such such JJ 5180 2101 20 as as IN 5180 2101 21 the the DT 5180 2101 22 Web web NN 5180 2101 23 site site NN 5180 2101 24 of of IN 5180 2101 25 the the DT 5180 2101 26 Willis Willis NNP 5180 2101 27 - - HYPH 5180 2101 28 Knighton Knighton NNP 5180 2101 29 Cancer Cancer NNP 5180 2101 30 Center Center NNP 5180 2101 31 , , , 5180 2101 32 a a DT 5180 2101 33 Shreveport Shreveport NNP 5180 2101 34 , , , 5180 2101 35 Louisiana Louisiana NNP 5180 2101 36 cancer cancer NN 5180 2101 37 treatment treatment NN 5180 2101 38 facility facility NN 5180 2101 39 , , , 5180 2101 40 http://cancerftr.wkmc.com http://cancerftr.wkmc.com NNP 5180 2101 41 , , , 5180 2101 42 which which WDT 5180 2101 43 was be VBD 5180 2101 44 blocked block VBN 5180 2101 45 by by IN 5180 2101 46 Websense Websense NNP 5180 2101 47 under under IN 5180 2101 48 the the DT 5180 2101 49 " " `` 5180 2101 50 Sex sex NN 5180 2101 51 " " '' 5180 2101 52 category category NN 5180 2101 53 . . . 5180 2102 1 Although although IN 5180 2102 2 in in IN 5180 2102 3 light light NN 5180 2102 4 of of IN 5180 2102 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2102 6 disposition disposition NN 5180 2102 7 of of IN 5180 2102 8 the the DT 5180 2102 9 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2102 10 ' ' POS 5180 2102 11 Dole Dole NNP 5180 2102 12 claim claim NN 5180 2102 13 , , , 5180 2102 14 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2102 15 do do VBP 5180 2102 16 not not RB 5180 2102 17 rule rule VB 5180 2102 18 upon upon IN 5180 2102 19 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2102 20 ' ' POS 5180 2102 21 contention contention NN 5180 2102 22 that that IN 5180 2102 23 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2102 24 's 's POS 5180 2102 25 conditioning conditioning NN 5180 2102 26 of of IN 5180 2102 27 funds fund NNS 5180 2102 28 on on IN 5180 2102 29 the the DT 5180 2102 30 installation installation NN 5180 2102 31 of of IN 5180 2102 32 filtering filter VBG 5180 2102 33 software software NN 5180 2102 34 violates violate VBZ 5180 2102 35 the the DT 5180 2102 36 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 2102 37 of of IN 5180 2102 38 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2102 39 conditions condition NNS 5180 2102 40 , , , 5180 2102 41 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2102 42 are be VBP 5180 2102 43 mindful mindful JJ 5180 2102 44 of of IN 5180 2102 45 the the DT 5180 2102 46 need need NN 5180 2102 47 to to TO 5180 2102 48 frame frame VB 5180 2102 49 the the DT 5180 2102 50 disputed dispute VBN 5180 2102 51 legal legal JJ 5180 2102 52 issues issue NNS 5180 2102 53 and and CC 5180 2102 54 to to TO 5180 2102 55 develop develop VB 5180 2102 56 a a DT 5180 2102 57 full full JJ 5180 2102 58 factual factual JJ 5180 2102 59 record record NN 5180 2102 60 for for IN 5180 2102 61 the the DT 5180 2102 62 certain certain JJ 5180 2102 63 appeal appeal NN 5180 2102 64 to to IN 5180 2102 65 the the DT 5180 2102 66 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2102 67 Court Court NNP 5180 2102 68 . . . 5180 2103 1 Cf cf NN 5180 2103 2 . . . 5180 2104 1 Ashcroft Ashcroft NNP 5180 2104 2 v. v. IN 5180 2104 3 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 2104 4 , , , 5180 2104 5 2002 2002 CD 5180 2104 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2104 7 LEXIS lexis NN 5180 2104 8 3421 3421 CD 5180 2104 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2104 10 May May NNP 5180 2104 11 13 13 CD 5180 2104 12 , , , 5180 2104 13 2002 2002 CD 5180 2104 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2104 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2104 16 remanding remand VBG 5180 2104 17 the the DT 5180 2104 18 case case NN 5180 2104 19 to to IN 5180 2104 20 the the DT 5180 2104 21 Court Court NNP 5180 2104 22 of of IN 5180 2104 23 Appeals Appeals NNPS 5180 2104 24 to to TO 5180 2104 25 review review VB 5180 2104 26 the the DT 5180 2104 27 legal legal JJ 5180 2104 28 and and CC 5180 2104 29 factual factual JJ 5180 2104 30 bases basis NNS 5180 2104 31 on on IN 5180 2104 32 which which WDT 5180 2104 33 the the DT 5180 2104 34 District District NNP 5180 2104 35 Court Court NNP 5180 2104 36 granted grant VBD 5180 2104 37 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2104 38 ' ' POS 5180 2104 39 motion motion NN 5180 2104 40 for for IN 5180 2104 41 a a DT 5180 2104 42 preliminary preliminary JJ 5180 2104 43 injunction injunction NN 5180 2104 44 after after IN 5180 2104 45 vacating vacate VBG 5180 2104 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2104 47 opinion opinion NN 5180 2104 48 that that WDT 5180 2104 49 relied rely VBD 5180 2104 50 on on IN 5180 2104 51 a a DT 5180 2104 52 different different JJ 5180 2104 53 ground ground NN 5180 2104 54 from from IN 5180 2104 55 the the DT 5180 2104 56 ones one NNS 5180 2104 57 used use VBN 5180 2104 58 by by IN 5180 2104 59 the the DT 5180 2104 60 District District NNP 5180 2104 61 Court Court NNP 5180 2104 62 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2104 63 . . . 5180 2105 1 Although although IN 5180 2105 2 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2105 3 do do VBP 5180 2105 4 not not RB 5180 2105 5 decide decide VB 5180 2105 6 the the DT 5180 2105 7 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2105 8 ' ' POS 5180 2105 9 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2105 10 conditions condition NNS 5180 2105 11 claim claim VBP 5180 2105 12 , , , 5180 2105 13 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2105 14 think think VBP 5180 2105 15 that that IN 5180 2105 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2105 17 findings finding NNS 5180 2105 18 of of IN 5180 2105 19 fact fact NN 5180 2105 20 on on IN 5180 2105 21 public public JJ 5180 2105 22 libraries library NNS 5180 2105 23 , , , 5180 2105 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2105 25 use use NN 5180 2105 26 of of IN 5180 2105 27 the the DT 5180 2105 28 Internet internet NN 5180 2105 29 , , , 5180 2105 30 and and CC 5180 2105 31 the the DT 5180 2105 32 technological technological JJ 5180 2105 33 limitations limitation NNS 5180 2105 34 of of IN 5180 2105 35 Internet internet NN 5180 2105 36 filtering filter VBG 5180 2105 37 software software NN 5180 2105 38 , , , 5180 2105 39 see see VB 5180 2105 40 supra supra NNP 5180 2105 41 Subsections Subsections NNPS 5180 2105 42 II.D ii.d NN 5180 2105 43 - - HYPH 5180 2105 44 E e NN 5180 2105 45 , , , 5180 2105 46 and and CC 5180 2105 47 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2105 48 framing framing NN 5180 2105 49 of of IN 5180 2105 50 the the DT 5180 2105 51 legal legal JJ 5180 2105 52 issue issue NN 5180 2105 53 here here RB 5180 2105 54 , , , 5180 2105 55 would would MD 5180 2105 56 allow allow VB 5180 2105 57 the the DT 5180 2105 58 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2105 59 Court Court NNP 5180 2105 60 to to TO 5180 2105 61 decide decide VB 5180 2105 62 the the DT 5180 2105 63 issue issue NN 5180 2105 64 if if IN 5180 2105 65 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2105 66 deems deem VBZ 5180 2105 67 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2105 68 necessary necessary JJ 5180 2105 69 to to TO 5180 2105 70 resolve resolve VB 5180 2105 71 this this DT 5180 2105 72 case case NN 5180 2105 73 . . . 5180 2106 1 The the DT 5180 2106 2 doctrine doctrine NN 5180 2106 3 of of IN 5180 2106 4 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2106 5 conditions condition NNS 5180 2106 6 " " '' 5180 2106 7 holds hold VBZ 5180 2106 8 that that IN 5180 2106 9 the the DT 5180 2106 10 government government NN 5180 2106 11 ' ' `` 5180 2106 12 may may MD 5180 2106 13 not not RB 5180 2106 14 deny deny VB 5180 2106 15 a a DT 5180 2106 16 benefit benefit NN 5180 2106 17 to to IN 5180 2106 18 a a DT 5180 2106 19 person person NN 5180 2106 20 on on IN 5180 2106 21 a a DT 5180 2106 22 basis basis NN 5180 2106 23 that that WDT 5180 2106 24 infringes infringe VBZ 5180 2106 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2106 26 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2106 27 protected protect VBN 5180 2106 28 . . . 5180 2107 1 . . . 5180 2108 1 . . . 5180 2109 1 freedom freedom NN 5180 2109 2 of of IN 5180 2109 3 speech speech NN 5180 2109 4 ' ' '' 5180 2109 5 even even RB 5180 2109 6 if if IN 5180 2109 7 he -PRON- PRP 5180 2109 8 has have VBZ 5180 2109 9 no no DT 5180 2109 10 entitlement entitlement NN 5180 2109 11 to to IN 5180 2109 12 that that DT 5180 2109 13 benefit benefit NN 5180 2109 14 . . . 5180 2109 15 " " '' 5180 2110 1 Bd Bd NNP 5180 2110 2 . . . 5180 2111 1 of of IN 5180 2111 2 County County NNP 5180 2111 3 Comm'rs Comm'rs NNP 5180 2111 4 v. v. IN 5180 2111 5 Umbehr Umbehr NNP 5180 2111 6 , , , 5180 2111 7 518 518 CD 5180 2111 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2111 9 668 668 CD 5180 2111 10 , , , 5180 2111 11 674 674 CD 5180 2111 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2111 13 1996 1996 CD 5180 2111 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2111 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2111 16 quoting quote VBG 5180 2111 17 Perry Perry NNP 5180 2111 18 v. v. IN 5180 2111 19 Sindermann Sindermann NNP 5180 2111 20 , , , 5180 2111 21 408 408 CD 5180 2111 22 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2111 23 593 593 CD 5180 2111 24 , , , 5180 2111 25 597 597 CD 5180 2111 26 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2111 27 1972 1972 CD 5180 2111 28 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2111 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2111 30 . . . 5180 2112 1 In in IN 5180 2112 2 this this DT 5180 2112 3 case case NN 5180 2112 4 , , , 5180 2112 5 the the DT 5180 2112 6 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2112 7 argue argue VBP 5180 2112 8 that that IN 5180 2112 9 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2112 10 imposes impose VBZ 5180 2112 11 an an DT 5180 2112 12 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2112 13 condition condition NN 5180 2112 14 on on IN 5180 2112 15 libraries library NNS 5180 2112 16 who who WP 5180 2112 17 receive receive VBP 5180 2112 18 E e NN 5180 2112 19 - - NN 5180 2112 20 rate rate NN 5180 2112 21 and and CC 5180 2112 22 LSTA lsta JJ 5180 2112 23 subsidies subsidy NNS 5180 2112 24 by by IN 5180 2112 25 requiring require VBG 5180 2112 26 them -PRON- PRP 5180 2112 27 , , , 5180 2112 28 as as IN 5180 2112 29 a a DT 5180 2112 30 condition condition NN 5180 2112 31 on on IN 5180 2112 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2112 33 receipt receipt NN 5180 2112 34 of of IN 5180 2112 35 federal federal JJ 5180 2112 36 funds fund NNS 5180 2112 37 , , , 5180 2112 38 to to TO 5180 2112 39 surrender surrender VB 5180 2112 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2112 41 First First NNP 5180 2112 42 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2112 43 right right NN 5180 2112 44 to to TO 5180 2112 45 provide provide VB 5180 2112 46 the the DT 5180 2112 47 public public NN 5180 2112 48 with with IN 5180 2112 49 access access NN 5180 2112 50 to to IN 5180 2112 51 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2112 52 protected protect VBN 5180 2112 53 speech speech NN 5180 2112 54 . . . 5180 2113 1 Under under IN 5180 2113 2 this this DT 5180 2113 3 theory theory NN 5180 2113 4 , , , 5180 2113 5 even even RB 5180 2113 6 if if IN 5180 2113 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2113 8 does do VBZ 5180 2113 9 not not RB 5180 2113 10 violate violate VB 5180 2113 11 the the DT 5180 2113 12 First First NNP 5180 2113 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2113 14 for for IN 5180 2113 15 a a DT 5180 2113 16 public public JJ 5180 2113 17 library library NN 5180 2113 18 to to TO 5180 2113 19 use use VB 5180 2113 20 filtering filter VBG 5180 2113 21 software software NN 5180 2113 22 , , , 5180 2113 23 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2113 24 nonetheless nonetheless RB 5180 2113 25 violates violate VBZ 5180 2113 26 the the DT 5180 2113 27 First First NNP 5180 2113 28 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2113 29 for for IN 5180 2113 30 the the DT 5180 2113 31 federal federal JJ 5180 2113 32 government government NN 5180 2113 33 to to TO 5180 2113 34 require require VB 5180 2113 35 public public JJ 5180 2113 36 libraries library NNS 5180 2113 37 to to TO 5180 2113 38 use use VB 5180 2113 39 filters filter NNS 5180 2113 40 as as IN 5180 2113 41 a a DT 5180 2113 42 condition condition NN 5180 2113 43 of of IN 5180 2113 44 the the DT 5180 2113 45 receipt receipt NN 5180 2113 46 of of IN 5180 2113 47 federal federal JJ 5180 2113 48 funds fund NNS 5180 2113 49 . . . 5180 2114 1 The the DT 5180 2114 2 government government NN 5180 2114 3 contends contend VBZ 5180 2114 4 that that IN 5180 2114 5 this this DT 5180 2114 6 case case NN 5180 2114 7 does do VBZ 5180 2114 8 not not RB 5180 2114 9 fall fall VB 5180 2114 10 under under IN 5180 2114 11 the the DT 5180 2114 12 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2114 13 conditions condition NNS 5180 2114 14 framework framework VBP 5180 2114 15 because because IN 5180 2114 16 : : : 5180 2114 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2114 18 1 1 LS 5180 2114 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2114 20 as as IN 5180 2114 21 state state NN 5180 2114 22 actors actor NNS 5180 2114 23 , , , 5180 2114 24 the the DT 5180 2114 25 recipients recipient NNS 5180 2114 26 of of IN 5180 2114 27 the the DT 5180 2114 28 funds fund NNS 5180 2114 29 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2114 30 the the DT 5180 2114 31 public public JJ 5180 2114 32 libraries library NNS 5180 2114 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2114 34 are be VBP 5180 2114 35 not not RB 5180 2114 36 protected protect VBN 5180 2114 37 by by IN 5180 2114 38 the the DT 5180 2114 39 First First NNP 5180 2114 40 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2114 41 , , , 5180 2114 42 and and CC 5180 2114 43 therefore therefore RB 5180 2114 44 are be VBP 5180 2114 45 not not RB 5180 2114 46 being be VBG 5180 2114 47 asked ask VBN 5180 2114 48 to to TO 5180 2114 49 relinquish relinquish VB 5180 2114 50 any any DT 5180 2114 51 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2114 52 protected protect VBN 5180 2114 53 rights right NNS 5180 2114 54 ; ; , 5180 2114 55 and and CC 5180 2114 56 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2114 57 2 2 LS 5180 2114 58 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2114 59 although although IN 5180 2114 60 library library NN 5180 2114 61 patrons patron NNS 5180 2114 62 are be VBP 5180 2114 63 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 5180 2114 64 protected protect VBN 5180 2114 65 by by IN 5180 2114 66 the the DT 5180 2114 67 First First NNP 5180 2114 68 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2114 69 , , , 5180 2114 70 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2114 71 are be VBP 5180 2114 72 not not RB 5180 2114 73 the the DT 5180 2114 74 funding funding NN 5180 2114 75 recipients recipient NNS 5180 2114 76 in in IN 5180 2114 77 this this DT 5180 2114 78 case case NN 5180 2114 79 , , , 5180 2114 80 and and CC 5180 2114 81 libraries library NNS 5180 2114 82 may may MD 5180 2114 83 not not RB 5180 2114 84 rely rely VB 5180 2114 85 on on IN 5180 2114 86 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2114 87 patrons patron NNS 5180 2114 88 ' ' POS 5180 2114 89 rights right NNS 5180 2114 90 in in IN 5180 2114 91 order order NN 5180 2114 92 to to TO 5180 2114 93 state state VB 5180 2114 94 an an DT 5180 2114 95 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2114 96 conditions condition NNS 5180 2114 97 claim claim NN 5180 2114 98 . . . 5180 2115 1 It -PRON- PRP 5180 2115 2 is be VBZ 5180 2115 3 an an DT 5180 2115 4 open open JJ 5180 2115 5 question question NN 5180 2115 6 in in IN 5180 2115 7 this this DT 5180 2115 8 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 2115 9 whether whether IN 5180 2115 10 Congress Congress NNP 5180 2115 11 may may MD 5180 2115 12 violate violate VB 5180 2115 13 the the DT 5180 2115 14 First First NNP 5180 2115 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2115 16 by by IN 5180 2115 17 restricting restrict VBG 5180 2115 18 the the DT 5180 2115 19 speech speech NN 5180 2115 20 of of IN 5180 2115 21 public public JJ 5180 2115 22 entities entity NNS 5180 2115 23 , , , 5180 2115 24 such such JJ 5180 2115 25 as as IN 5180 2115 26 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2115 27 or or CC 5180 2115 28 public public JJ 5180 2115 29 libraries library NNS 5180 2115 30 . . . 5180 2116 1 The the DT 5180 2116 2 only only JJ 5180 2116 3 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2116 4 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2116 5 Court Court NNP 5180 2116 6 opinion opinion NN 5180 2116 7 to to TO 5180 2116 8 weigh weigh VB 5180 2116 9 in in RP 5180 2116 10 on on IN 5180 2116 11 the the DT 5180 2116 12 issue issue NN 5180 2116 13 is be VBZ 5180 2116 14 a a DT 5180 2116 15 concurrence concurrence NN 5180 2116 16 by by IN 5180 2116 17 Justice Justice NNP 5180 2116 18 Stewart Stewart NNP 5180 2116 19 , , , 5180 2116 20 joined join VBN 5180 2116 21 by by IN 5180 2116 22 Chief Chief NNP 5180 2116 23 Justice Justice NNP 5180 2116 24 Burger Burger NNP 5180 2116 25 and and CC 5180 2116 26 Justice Justice NNP 5180 2116 27 Rehnquist Rehnquist NNP 5180 2116 28 , , , 5180 2116 29 in in IN 5180 2116 30 which which WDT 5180 2116 31 he -PRON- PRP 5180 2116 32 opined opine VBD 5180 2116 33 that that IN 5180 2116 34 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2116 35 and and CC 5180 2116 36 other other JJ 5180 2116 37 arms arm NNS 5180 2116 38 of of IN 5180 2116 39 the the DT 5180 2116 40 state state NN 5180 2116 41 are be VBP 5180 2116 42 not not RB 5180 2116 43 protected protect VBN 5180 2116 44 by by IN 5180 2116 45 the the DT 5180 2116 46 First First NNP 5180 2116 47 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2116 48 from from IN 5180 2116 49 governmental governmental JJ 5180 2116 50 interference interference NN 5180 2116 51 with with IN 5180 2116 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2116 53 expression expression NN 5180 2116 54 . . . 5180 2117 1 See see VB 5180 2117 2 Colum Colum NNP 5180 2117 3 . . . 5180 2118 1 Broad broad JJ 5180 2118 2 . . . 5180 2119 1 Sys Sys NNP 5180 2119 2 . . NNP 5180 2119 3 , , , 5180 2119 4 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 2119 5 v. v. IN 5180 2119 6 Democratic Democratic NNP 5180 2119 7 Nat'l Nat'l NNP 5180 2119 8 Comm Comm NNP 5180 2119 9 . . NNP 5180 2119 10 , , , 5180 2119 11 412 412 CD 5180 2119 12 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2119 13 94 94 CD 5180 2119 14 , , , 5180 2119 15 139 139 CD 5180 2119 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2119 17 1973 1973 CD 5180 2119 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2119 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2119 20 Stewart Stewart NNP 5180 2119 21 , , , 5180 2119 22 J. J. NNP 5180 2119 23 , , , 5180 2119 24 concurring concur VBG 5180 2119 25 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2119 26 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2119 27 " " `` 5180 2119 28 The the DT 5180 2119 29 First First NNP 5180 2119 30 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2119 31 protects protect VBZ 5180 2119 32 the the DT 5180 2119 33 press press NN 5180 2119 34 from from IN 5180 2119 35 governmental governmental JJ 5180 2119 36 interference interference NN 5180 2119 37 ; ; : 5180 2119 38 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2119 39 confers confer VBZ 5180 2119 40 no no DT 5180 2119 41 analogous analogous JJ 5180 2119 42 protection protection NN 5180 2119 43 on on IN 5180 2119 44 the the DT 5180 2119 45 Government Government NNP 5180 2119 46 . . . 5180 2120 1 ") ") `` 5180 2120 2 ; ; : 5180 2120 3 see see VB 5180 2120 4 also also RB 5180 2120 5 i -PRON- PRP 5180 2120 6 d d VBN 5180 2120 7 . . . 5180 2121 1 at at IN 5180 2121 2 139 139 CD 5180 2121 3 n.7 n.7 NNP 5180 2121 4 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2121 5 " " `` 5180 2121 6 The the DT 5180 2121 7 purpose purpose NN 5180 2121 8 of of IN 5180 2121 9 the the DT 5180 2121 10 First First NNP 5180 2121 11 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2121 12 is be VBZ 5180 2121 13 to to TO 5180 2121 14 protect protect VB 5180 2121 15 private private JJ 5180 2121 16 expression expression NN 5180 2121 17 and and CC 5180 2121 18 nothing nothing NN 5180 2121 19 in in IN 5180 2121 20 the the DT 5180 2121 21 guarantee guarantee NN 5180 2121 22 precludes preclude VBZ 5180 2121 23 the the DT 5180 2121 24 government government NN 5180 2121 25 from from IN 5180 2121 26 controlling control VBG 5180 2121 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2121 28 own own JJ 5180 2121 29 expression expression NN 5180 2121 30 or or CC 5180 2121 31 that that DT 5180 2121 32 of of IN 5180 2121 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2121 34 agents agent NNS 5180 2121 35 . . . 5180 2121 36 " " '' 5180 2121 37 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2122 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2122 2 quoting quote VBG 5180 2122 3 Thomas Thomas NNP 5180 2122 4 Emerson Emerson NNP 5180 2122 5 , , , 5180 2122 6 The the DT 5180 2122 7 System System NNP 5180 2122 8 of of IN 5180 2122 9 Freedom Freedom NNP 5180 2122 10 of of IN 5180 2122 11 Expression Expression NNP 5180 2122 12 700 700 CD 5180 2122 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2122 14 1970 1970 CD 5180 2122 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2122 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2122 17 internal internal JJ 5180 2122 18 quotation quotation NN 5180 2122 19 marks mark NNS 5180 2122 20 omitted omit VBN 5180 2122 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2122 22 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2122 23 . . . 5180 2123 1 The the DT 5180 2123 2 Court Court NNP 5180 2123 3 has have VBZ 5180 2123 4 subsequently subsequently RB 5180 2123 5 made make VBN 5180 2123 6 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2123 7 clear clear JJ 5180 2123 8 , , , 5180 2123 9 however however RB 5180 2123 10 , , , 5180 2123 11 that that IN 5180 2123 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2123 13 considers consider VBZ 5180 2123 14 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2123 15 to to TO 5180 2123 16 be be VB 5180 2123 17 an an DT 5180 2123 18 open open JJ 5180 2123 19 question question NN 5180 2123 20 whether whether IN 5180 2123 21 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2123 22 acting act VBG 5180 2123 23 in in IN 5180 2123 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2123 25 capacity capacity NN 5180 2123 26 as as IN 5180 2123 27 employers employer NNS 5180 2123 28 have have VBP 5180 2123 29 First First NNP 5180 2123 30 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2123 31 rights right NNS 5180 2123 32 , , , 5180 2123 33 suggesting suggest VBG 5180 2123 34 that that IN 5180 2123 35 the the DT 5180 2123 36 question question NN 5180 2123 37 whether whether IN 5180 2123 38 public public JJ 5180 2123 39 entities entity NNS 5180 2123 40 are be VBP 5180 2123 41 ever ever RB 5180 2123 42 protected protect VBN 5180 2123 43 by by IN 5180 2123 44 the the DT 5180 2123 45 First First NNP 5180 2123 46 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2123 47 also also RB 5180 2123 48 remains remain VBZ 5180 2123 49 open open JJ 5180 2123 50 . . . 5180 2124 1 See see VB 5180 2124 2 City City NNP 5180 2124 3 of of IN 5180 2124 4 Madison Madison NNP 5180 2124 5 Joint Joint NNP 5180 2124 6 Sch Sch NNP 5180 2124 7 . . . 5180 2125 1 Dist dist VB 5180 2125 2 . . . 5180 2126 1 No no UH 5180 2126 2 . . . 5180 2127 1 8 8 CD 5180 2127 2 v. v. CC 5180 2127 3 Wisc Wisc NNP 5180 2127 4 . . . 5180 2128 1 Employment Employment NNP 5180 2128 2 Relations Relations NNPS 5180 2128 3 Comm'n comm'n XX 5180 2128 4 , , , 5180 2128 5 429 429 CD 5180 2128 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2128 7 167 167 CD 5180 2128 8 , , , 5180 2128 9 175 175 CD 5180 2128 10 n.7 n.7 NNS 5180 2128 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2128 12 1976 1976 CD 5180 2128 13 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2128 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2128 15 " " `` 5180 2128 16 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2128 17 need need VBP 5180 2128 18 not not RB 5180 2128 19 decide decide VB 5180 2128 20 whether whether IN 5180 2128 21 a a DT 5180 2128 22 municipal municipal JJ 5180 2128 23 corporation corporation NN 5180 2128 24 as as IN 5180 2128 25 an an DT 5180 2128 26 employer employer NN 5180 2128 27 has have VBZ 5180 2128 28 First First NNP 5180 2128 29 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2128 30 rights right NNS 5180 2128 31 to to TO 5180 2128 32 hear hear VB 5180 2128 33 the the DT 5180 2128 34 views view NNS 5180 2128 35 of of IN 5180 2128 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2128 37 citizens citizen NNS 5180 2128 38 and and CC 5180 2128 39 employees employee NNS 5180 2128 40 . . . 5180 2128 41 " " '' 5180 2128 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2128 43 . . . 5180 2129 1 Several several JJ 5180 2129 2 courts court NNS 5180 2129 3 of of IN 5180 2129 4 appeals appeal NNS 5180 2129 5 have have VBP 5180 2129 6 cited cite VBN 5180 2129 7 Justice Justice NNP 5180 2129 8 Stewart Stewart NNP 5180 2129 9 's 's POS 5180 2129 10 concurrence concurrence NN 5180 2129 11 in in IN 5180 2129 12 Columbia Columbia NNP 5180 2129 13 Broadcasting Broadcasting NNP 5180 2129 14 Systems Systems NNPS 5180 2129 15 and and CC 5180 2129 16 have have VBP 5180 2129 17 , , , 5180 2129 18 with with IN 5180 2129 19 little little JJ 5180 2129 20 discussion discussion NN 5180 2129 21 or or CC 5180 2129 22 analysis analysis NN 5180 2129 23 , , , 5180 2129 24 concluded conclude VBD 5180 2129 25 that that IN 5180 2129 26 a a DT 5180 2129 27 " " `` 5180 2129 28 government government NN 5180 2129 29 . . . 5180 2130 1 . . . 5180 2131 1 . . . 5180 2132 1 speaker speaker NNP 5180 2132 2 is be VBZ 5180 2132 3 not not RB 5180 2132 4 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 2132 5 protected protect VBN 5180 2132 6 by by IN 5180 2132 7 the the DT 5180 2132 8 first first JJ 5180 2132 9 amendment amendment NN 5180 2132 10 . . . 5180 2132 11 " " '' 5180 2133 1 Warner Warner NNP 5180 2133 2 Cable Cable NNP 5180 2133 3 Communications Communications NNP 5180 2133 4 , , , 5180 2133 5 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 2133 6 v. v. CC 5180 2133 7 City City NNP 5180 2133 8 of of IN 5180 2133 9 Niceville Niceville NNP 5180 2133 10 , , , 5180 2133 11 911 911 CD 5180 2133 12 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2133 13 634 634 CD 5180 2133 14 , , , 5180 2133 15 638 638 CD 5180 2133 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2133 17 11th 11th JJ 5180 2133 18 Cir cir NN 5180 2133 19 . . . 5180 2134 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 2134 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2134 3 ; ; : 5180 2134 4 see see VB 5180 2134 5 also also RB 5180 2134 6 NAACP NAACP NNP 5180 2134 7 v. v. CC 5180 2134 8 Hunt Hunt NNP 5180 2134 9 , , , 5180 2134 10 891 891 CD 5180 2134 11 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2134 12 1555 1555 CD 5180 2134 13 , , , 5180 2134 14 1565 1565 CD 5180 2134 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2134 16 11th 11th JJ 5180 2134 17 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2134 18 . . . 5180 2135 1 1990 1990 CD 5180 2135 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2135 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2135 4 " " `` 5180 2135 5 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2135 6 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2135 7 First First NNP 5180 2135 8 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2135 9 protects protect VBZ 5180 2135 10 citizens citizen NNS 5180 2135 11 ' ' POS 5180 2135 12 speech speech NN 5180 2135 13 only only RB 5180 2135 14 from from IN 5180 2135 15 government government NN 5180 2135 16 regulation regulation NN 5180 2135 17 ; ; : 5180 2135 18 government government NN 5180 2135 19 speech speech NN 5180 2135 20 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 2135 21 is be VBZ 5180 2135 22 not not RB 5180 2135 23 protected protect VBN 5180 2135 24 by by IN 5180 2135 25 the the DT 5180 2135 26 First First NNP 5180 2135 27 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2135 28 . . . 5180 2136 1 ") ") LS 5180 2136 2 ; ; : 5180 2136 3 Student student NN 5180 2136 4 Gov't Gov't NNS 5180 2136 5 Ass'n Ass'n . 5180 2136 6 v. v. CC 5180 2136 7 Bd Bd NNP 5180 2136 8 . . . 5180 2137 1 of of IN 5180 2137 2 Trustees Trustees NNPS 5180 2137 3 of of IN 5180 2137 4 the the DT 5180 2137 5 Univ Univ NNP 5180 2137 6 . . . 5180 2138 1 of of IN 5180 2138 2 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 5180 2138 3 , , , 5180 2138 4 868 868 CD 5180 2138 5 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2138 6 473 473 CD 5180 2138 7 , , , 5180 2138 8 481 481 CD 5180 2138 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2138 10 1st 1st NN 5180 2138 11 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2138 12 . . . 5180 2139 1 1989 1989 CD 5180 2139 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2139 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2139 4 concluding conclude VBG 5180 2139 5 that that IN 5180 2139 6 the the DT 5180 2139 7 legal legal JJ 5180 2139 8 services service NNS 5180 2139 9 organization organization NN 5180 2139 10 run run VBN 5180 2139 11 by by IN 5180 2139 12 a a DT 5180 2139 13 state state NN 5180 2139 14 university university NN 5180 2139 15 , , , 5180 2139 16 " " '' 5180 2139 17 as as IN 5180 2139 18 a a DT 5180 2139 19 state state NN 5180 2139 20 entity entity NN 5180 2139 21 , , , 5180 2139 22 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 2139 23 has have VBZ 5180 2139 24 no no DT 5180 2139 25 First First NNP 5180 2139 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2139 27 rights right NNS 5180 2139 28 " " '' 5180 2139 29 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2139 30 ; ; : 5180 2139 31 Estiverne Estiverne NNP 5180 2139 32 v. v. IN 5180 2139 33 La. Louisiana NNP 5180 2140 1 State State NNP 5180 2140 2 Bar Bar NNP 5180 2140 3 Ass'n Ass'n NNPS 5180 2140 4 , , , 5180 2140 5 863 863 CD 5180 2140 6 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2140 7 371 371 CD 5180 2140 8 , , , 5180 2140 9 379 379 CD 5180 2140 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2140 11 5th 5th JJ 5180 2140 12 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2140 13 . . . 5180 2141 1 1989 1989 CD 5180 2141 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2141 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2141 4 noting note VBG 5180 2141 5 that that IN 5180 2141 6 " " `` 5180 2141 7 the the DT 5180 2141 8 first first JJ 5180 2141 9 amendment amendment NN 5180 2141 10 does do VBZ 5180 2141 11 not not RB 5180 2141 12 protect protect VB 5180 2141 13 government government NN 5180 2141 14 speech speech NN 5180 2141 15 " " '' 5180 2141 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2141 17 . . . 5180 2142 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2142 2 do do VBP 5180 2142 3 not not RB 5180 2142 4 think think VB 5180 2142 5 that that IN 5180 2142 6 the the DT 5180 2142 7 question question NN 5180 2142 8 whether whether IN 5180 2142 9 public public JJ 5180 2142 10 libraries library NNS 5180 2142 11 are be VBP 5180 2142 12 protected protect VBN 5180 2142 13 by by IN 5180 2142 14 the the DT 5180 2142 15 First First NNP 5180 2142 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2142 17 can can MD 5180 2142 18 be be VB 5180 2142 19 resolved resolve VBN 5180 2142 20 as as RB 5180 2142 21 simply simply RB 5180 2142 22 as as IN 5180 2142 23 these these DT 5180 2142 24 cases case NNS 5180 2142 25 suggest suggest VBP 5180 2142 26 . . . 5180 2143 1 This this DT 5180 2143 2 difficulty difficulty NN 5180 2143 3 is be VBZ 5180 2143 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 5180 2143 5 by by IN 5180 2143 6 the the DT 5180 2143 7 reasoning reasoning NN 5180 2143 8 of of IN 5180 2143 9 the the DT 5180 2143 10 Seventh Seventh NNP 5180 2143 11 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 2143 12 in in IN 5180 2143 13 a a DT 5180 2143 14 case case NN 5180 2143 15 in in IN 5180 2143 16 which which WDT 5180 2143 17 that that DT 5180 2143 18 court court NN 5180 2143 19 considered consider VBD 5180 2143 20 whether whether IN 5180 2143 21 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2143 22 are be VBP 5180 2143 23 protected protect VBN 5180 2143 24 by by IN 5180 2143 25 the the DT 5180 2143 26 First First NNP 5180 2143 27 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2143 28 and and CC 5180 2143 29 noted note VBD 5180 2143 30 that that IN 5180 2143 31 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2143 32 is be VBZ 5180 2143 33 an an DT 5180 2143 34 open open JJ 5180 2143 35 question question NN 5180 2143 36 that that WDT 5180 2143 37 could could MD 5180 2143 38 plausibly plausibly RB 5180 2143 39 be be VB 5180 2143 40 answered answer VBN 5180 2143 41 in in IN 5180 2143 42 the the DT 5180 2143 43 affirmative affirmative NN 5180 2143 44 , , , 5180 2143 45 yet yet CC 5180 2143 46 declined decline VBD 5180 2143 47 to to TO 5180 2143 48 decide decide VB 5180 2143 49 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2143 50 : : : 5180 2143 51 Only only RB 5180 2143 52 a a DT 5180 2143 53 few few JJ 5180 2143 54 cases case NNS 5180 2143 55 address address VBP 5180 2143 56 the the DT 5180 2143 57 question question NN 5180 2143 58 whether whether IN 5180 2143 59 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2143 60 or or CC 5180 2143 61 other other JJ 5180 2143 62 state state NN 5180 2143 63 subdivisions subdivision NNS 5180 2143 64 or or CC 5180 2143 65 agencies agency NNS 5180 2143 66 have have VBP 5180 2143 67 any any DT 5180 2143 68 First First NNP 5180 2143 69 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2143 70 rights right NNS 5180 2143 71 . . . 5180 2144 1 . . . 5180 2145 1 . . . 5180 2146 1 . . . 5180 2147 1 The the DT 5180 2147 2 question question NN 5180 2147 3 is be VBZ 5180 2147 4 an an DT 5180 2147 5 open open JJ 5180 2147 6 one one NN 5180 2147 7 in in IN 5180 2147 8 this this DT 5180 2147 9 circuit circuit NN 5180 2147 10 , , , 5180 2147 11 and and CC 5180 2147 12 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2147 13 do do VBP 5180 2147 14 not not RB 5180 2147 15 consider consider VB 5180 2147 16 the the DT 5180 2147 17 answer answer NN 5180 2147 18 completely completely RB 5180 2147 19 free free JJ 5180 2147 20 from from IN 5180 2147 21 doubt doubt NN 5180 2147 22 . . . 5180 2148 1 For for IN 5180 2148 2 many many JJ 5180 2148 3 purposes purpose NNS 5180 2148 4 , , , 5180 2148 5 for for IN 5180 2148 6 example example NN 5180 2148 7 diversity diversity NN 5180 2148 8 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 5180 2148 9 and and CC 5180 2148 10 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 5180 2148 11 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2148 12 liability liability NN 5180 2148 13 , , , 5180 2148 14 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2148 15 are be VBP 5180 2148 16 treated treat VBN 5180 2148 17 by by IN 5180 2148 18 the the DT 5180 2148 19 law law NN 5180 2148 20 as as IN 5180 2148 21 if if IN 5180 2148 22 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2148 23 were be VBD 5180 2148 24 persons person NNS 5180 2148 25 . . . 5180 2149 1 Monell Monell NNP 5180 2149 2 v. v. IN 5180 2149 3 Department Department NNP 5180 2149 4 of of IN 5180 2149 5 Social Social NNP 5180 2149 6 Services Services NNPS 5180 2149 7 , , , 5180 2149 8 436 436 CD 5180 2149 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2149 10 658 658 CD 5180 2149 11 , , , 5180 2149 12 690 690 CD 5180 2149 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2149 14 1978 1978 CD 5180 2149 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2149 16 ; ; : 5180 2149 17 Moor Moor NNP 5180 2149 18 v. v. IN 5180 2149 19 County County NNP 5180 2149 20 of of IN 5180 2149 21 Alameda Alameda NNP 5180 2149 22 , , , 5180 2149 23 411 411 CD 5180 2149 24 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2149 25 693 693 CD 5180 2149 26 , , , 5180 2149 27 717 717 CD 5180 2149 28 - - SYM 5180 2149 29 18 18 CD 5180 2149 30 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2149 31 1973 1973 CD 5180 2149 32 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2149 33 . . . 5180 2150 1 There there EX 5180 2150 2 is be VBZ 5180 2150 3 at at IN 5180 2150 4 least least JJS 5180 2150 5 an an DT 5180 2150 6 argument argument NN 5180 2150 7 that that IN 5180 2150 8 the the DT 5180 2150 9 marketplace marketplace NN 5180 2150 10 of of IN 5180 2150 11 ideas idea NNS 5180 2150 12 would would MD 5180 2150 13 be be VB 5180 2150 14 unduly unduly RB 5180 2150 15 curtailed curtail VBN 5180 2150 16 if if IN 5180 2150 17 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2150 18 could could MD 5180 2150 19 not not RB 5180 2150 20 freely freely RB 5180 2150 21 express express VB 5180 2150 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 2150 23 on on IN 5180 2150 24 matters matter NNS 5180 2150 25 of of IN 5180 2150 26 public public JJ 5180 2150 27 concern concern NN 5180 2150 28 , , , 5180 2150 29 including include VBG 5180 2150 30 the the DT 5180 2150 31 subsidization subsidization NN 5180 2150 32 of of IN 5180 2150 33 housing housing NN 5180 2150 34 and and CC 5180 2150 35 the the DT 5180 2150 36 demographic demographic JJ 5180 2150 37 makeup makeup NN 5180 2150 38 of of IN 5180 2150 39 the the DT 5180 2150 40 community community NN 5180 2150 41 . . . 5180 2151 1 To to IN 5180 2151 2 the the DT 5180 2151 3 extent extent NN 5180 2151 4 , , , 5180 2151 5 moreover moreover RB 5180 2151 6 , , , 5180 2151 7 that that IN 5180 2151 8 a a DT 5180 2151 9 municipality municipality NN 5180 2151 10 is be VBZ 5180 2151 11 the the DT 5180 2151 12 voice voice NN 5180 2151 13 of of IN 5180 2151 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2151 15 residents resident NNS 5180 2151 16 — — : 5180 2151 17 is be VBZ 5180 2151 18 , , , 5180 2151 19 indeed indeed RB 5180 2151 20 , , , 5180 2151 21 a a DT 5180 2151 22 megaphone megaphone NN 5180 2151 23 amplifying amplify VBG 5180 2151 24 voices voice NNS 5180 2151 25 that that WDT 5180 2151 26 might may MD 5180 2151 27 not not RB 5180 2151 28 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 2151 29 be be VB 5180 2151 30 audible audible JJ 5180 2151 31 — — : 5180 2151 32 a a DT 5180 2151 33 curtailment curtailment NN 5180 2151 34 of of IN 5180 2151 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2151 36 right right NN 5180 2151 37 to to TO 5180 2151 38 speak speak VB 5180 2151 39 might may MD 5180 2151 40 be be VB 5180 2151 41 thought think VBN 5180 2151 42 a a DT 5180 2151 43 curtailment curtailment NN 5180 2151 44 of of IN 5180 2151 45 the the DT 5180 2151 46 unquestioned unquestioned JJ 5180 2151 47 First First NNP 5180 2151 48 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2151 49 rights right NNS 5180 2151 50 of of IN 5180 2151 51 those those DT 5180 2151 52 residents resident NNS 5180 2151 53 . . . 5180 2152 1 See see VB 5180 2152 2 Meir Meir NNP 5180 2152 3 Dan Dan NNP 5180 2152 4 - - HYPH 5180 2152 5 Cohen Cohen NNP 5180 2152 6 , , , 5180 2152 7 " " `` 5180 2152 8 Freedoms freedom NNS 5180 2152 9 of of IN 5180 2152 10 Collective Collective NNP 5180 2152 11 Speech Speech NNP 5180 2152 12 : : : 5180 2152 13 A a DT 5180 2152 14 Theory Theory NNP 5180 2152 15 of of IN 5180 2152 16 Protected Protected NNP 5180 2152 17 Communications Communications NNPS 5180 2152 18 by by IN 5180 2152 19 Organizations Organizations NNPS 5180 2152 20 , , , 5180 2152 21 Communities Communities NNPS 5180 2152 22 , , , 5180 2152 23 and and CC 5180 2152 24 the the DT 5180 2152 25 State State NNP 5180 2152 26 , , , 5180 2152 27 " " '' 5180 2152 28 79 79 CD 5180 2152 29 Calif. California NNP 5180 2152 30 L. L. NNP 5180 2152 31 Rev. Rev. NNP 5180 2153 1 1229 1229 CD 5180 2153 2 , , , 5180 2153 3 1261 1261 CD 5180 2153 4 - - SYM 5180 2153 5 63 63 CD 5180 2153 6 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2153 7 1991 1991 CD 5180 2153 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2153 9 ; ; : 5180 2153 10 cf cf NN 5180 2153 11 . . . 5180 2154 1 Student Student NNP 5180 2154 2 Government Government NNP 5180 2154 3 Ass'n Ass'n '' 5180 2154 4 v. v. CC 5180 2154 5 Board Board NNP 5180 2154 6 of of IN 5180 2154 7 Trustees Trustees NNP 5180 2154 8 , , , 5180 2154 9 supra supra NNP 5180 2154 10 , , , 5180 2154 11 868 868 CD 5180 2154 12 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2154 13 at at IN 5180 2154 14 482 482 CD 5180 2154 15 . . . 5180 2155 1 Thus thus RB 5180 2155 2 if if IN 5180 2155 3 federal federal JJ 5180 2155 4 law law NN 5180 2155 5 imposed impose VBD 5180 2155 6 a a DT 5180 2155 7 fine fine NN 5180 2155 8 on on IN 5180 2155 9 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2155 10 that that WDT 5180 2155 11 passed pass VBD 5180 2155 12 resolutions resolution NNS 5180 2155 13 condemning condemn VBG 5180 2155 14 abortion abortion NN 5180 2155 15 , , , 5180 2155 16 one one PRP 5180 2155 17 might may MD 5180 2155 18 suppose suppose VB 5180 2155 19 that that IN 5180 2155 20 a a DT 5180 2155 21 genuine genuine JJ 5180 2155 22 First First NNP 5180 2155 23 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2155 24 issue issue NN 5180 2155 25 would would MD 5180 2155 26 be be VB 5180 2155 27 presented present VBN 5180 2155 28 . . . 5180 2156 1 Against against IN 5180 2156 2 this this DT 5180 2156 3 suggestion suggestion NN 5180 2156 4 can can MD 5180 2156 5 be be VB 5180 2156 6 cited cite VBN 5180 2156 7 the the DT 5180 2156 8 many many JJ 5180 2156 9 cases case NNS 5180 2156 10 which which WDT 5180 2156 11 hold hold VBP 5180 2156 12 that that IN 5180 2156 13 municipalities municipality NNS 5180 2156 14 lack lack VBP 5180 2156 15 standing stand VBG 5180 2156 16 to to TO 5180 2156 17 invoke invoke VB 5180 2156 18 the the DT 5180 2156 19 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 5180 2156 20 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2156 21 against against IN 5180 2156 22 actions action NNS 5180 2156 23 by by IN 5180 2156 24 the the DT 5180 2156 25 state state NN 5180 2156 26 . . . 5180 2157 1 E.g. E.g. NNP 5180 2157 2 , , , 5180 2157 3 Coleman Coleman NNP 5180 2157 4 v. v. IN 5180 2157 5 Miller Miller NNP 5180 2157 6 , , , 5180 2157 7 307 307 CD 5180 2157 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2157 9 433 433 CD 5180 2157 10 , , , 5180 2157 11 441 441 CD 5180 2157 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2157 13 1939 1939 CD 5180 2157 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2157 15 ; ; : 5180 2157 16 Williams Williams NNP 5180 2157 17 v. v. IN 5180 2157 18 Mayor Mayor NNP 5180 2157 19 & & CC 5180 2157 20 City City NNP 5180 2157 21 Council Council NNP 5180 2157 22 of of IN 5180 2157 23 Baltimore Baltimore NNP 5180 2157 24 , , , 5180 2157 25 289 289 CD 5180 2157 26 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2157 27 36 36 CD 5180 2157 28 , , , 5180 2157 29 40 40 CD 5180 2157 30 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2157 31 1933 1933 CD 5180 2157 32 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2157 33 ; ; : 5180 2157 34 City City NNP 5180 2157 35 of of IN 5180 2157 36 East East NNP 5180 2157 37 St. St. NNP 5180 2157 38 Louis Louis NNP 5180 2157 39 v. v. IN 5180 2157 40 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 2157 41 Court Court NNP 5180 2157 42 for for IN 5180 2157 43 the the DT 5180 2157 44 Twentieth Twentieth NNP 5180 2157 45 Judicial Judicial NNP 5180 2157 46 Circuit Circuit NNP 5180 2157 47 , , , 5180 2157 48 986 986 CD 5180 2157 49 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2157 50 1142 1142 CD 5180 2157 51 , , , 5180 2157 52 1144 1144 CD 5180 2157 53 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2157 54 7th 7th JJ 5180 2157 55 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2157 56 . . . 5180 2158 1 1993 1993 CD 5180 2158 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2158 3 . . . 5180 2159 1 But but CC 5180 2159 2 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2159 3 is be VBZ 5180 2159 4 one one CD 5180 2159 5 thing thing NN 5180 2159 6 to to TO 5180 2159 7 hold hold VB 5180 2159 8 that that IN 5180 2159 9 a a DT 5180 2159 10 municipality municipality NN 5180 2159 11 can can MD 5180 2159 12 not not RB 5180 2159 13 interpose interpose VB 5180 2159 14 the the DT 5180 2159 15 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 5180 2159 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2159 17 between between IN 5180 2159 18 itself -PRON- PRP 5180 2159 19 and and CC 5180 2159 20 the the DT 5180 2159 21 state state NN 5180 2159 22 of of IN 5180 2159 23 which which WDT 5180 2159 24 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2159 25 is be VBZ 5180 2159 26 the the DT 5180 2159 27 creature creature NN 5180 2159 28 , , , 5180 2159 29 Anderson Anderson NNP 5180 2159 30 v. v. IN 5180 2159 31 City City NNP 5180 2159 32 of of IN 5180 2159 33 Boston Boston NNP 5180 2159 34 , , , 5180 2159 35 380 380 CD 5180 2159 36 N.E.2d n.e.2d NN 5180 2159 37 628 628 CD 5180 2159 38 , , , 5180 2159 39 637 637 CD 5180 2159 40 - - SYM 5180 2159 41 38 38 CD 5180 2159 42 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2159 43 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 5180 2160 1 1978 1978 CD 5180 2160 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2160 3 , , , 5180 2160 4 appeal appeal NN 5180 2160 5 dismissed dismiss VBN 5180 2160 6 for for IN 5180 2160 7 want want NN 5180 2160 8 of of IN 5180 2160 9 a a DT 5180 2160 10 substantial substantial JJ 5180 2160 11 federal federal JJ 5180 2160 12 question question NN 5180 2160 13 , , , 5180 2160 14 439 439 CD 5180 2160 15 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2160 16 1060 1060 CD 5180 2160 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2160 18 1979 1979 CD 5180 2160 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2160 20 , , , 5180 2160 21 and and CC 5180 2160 22 another another DT 5180 2160 23 to to TO 5180 2160 24 hold hold VB 5180 2160 25 that that IN 5180 2160 26 a a DT 5180 2160 27 municipality municipality NN 5180 2160 28 has have VBZ 5180 2160 29 no no DT 5180 2160 30 rights right NNS 5180 2160 31 against against IN 5180 2160 32 the the DT 5180 2160 33 federal federal JJ 5180 2160 34 government government NN 5180 2160 35 or or CC 5180 2160 36 another another DT 5180 2160 37 state state NN 5180 2160 38 . . . 5180 2161 1 Township township NN 5180 2161 2 of of IN 5180 2161 3 River River NNP 5180 2161 4 Vale Vale NNP 5180 2161 5 v. v. IN 5180 2161 6 Town Town NNP 5180 2161 7 of of IN 5180 2161 8 Orangetown Orangetown NNP 5180 2161 9 , , , 5180 2161 10 403 403 CD 5180 2161 11 F.2d F.2d NNS 5180 2161 12 684 684 CD 5180 2161 13 , , , 5180 2161 14 686 686 CD 5180 2161 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2161 16 2d 2d NNP 5180 2161 17 Cir Cir NNP 5180 2161 18 . . . 5180 2162 1 1968 1968 CD 5180 2162 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2162 3 , , , 5180 2162 4 distinguishes distinguishe NNS 5180 2162 5 between between IN 5180 2162 6 these these DT 5180 2162 7 two two CD 5180 2162 8 types type NNS 5180 2162 9 of of IN 5180 2162 10 cases case NNS 5180 2162 11 . . . 5180 2163 1 Creek Creek NNP 5180 2163 2 v. v. IN 5180 2163 3 Village Village NNP 5180 2163 4 of of IN 5180 2163 5 Westhaven Westhaven NNP 5180 2163 6 , , , 5180 2163 7 80 80 CD 5180 2163 8 F.3d f.3d NN 5180 2163 9 186 186 CD 5180 2163 10 , , , 5180 2163 11 192 192 CD 5180 2163 12 - - SYM 5180 2163 13 93 93 CD 5180 2163 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2163 15 7th 7th JJ 5180 2163 16 Cir Cir NNS 5180 2163 17 . . . 5180 2164 1 1996 1996 CD 5180 2164 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2164 3 . . . 5180 2165 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2165 2 also also RB 5180 2165 3 note note VBP 5180 2165 4 that that IN 5180 2165 5 there there EX 5180 2165 6 is be VBZ 5180 2165 7 no no DT 5180 2165 8 textual textual JJ 5180 2165 9 support support NN 5180 2165 10 in in IN 5180 2165 11 the the DT 5180 2165 12 First First NNP 5180 2165 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2165 14 for for IN 5180 2165 15 distinguishing distinguish VBG 5180 2165 16 between between IN 5180 2165 17 , , , 5180 2165 18 for for IN 5180 2165 19 example example NN 5180 2165 20 , , , 5180 2165 21 municipal municipal JJ 5180 2165 22 corporations corporation NNS 5180 2165 23 , , , 5180 2165 24 and and CC 5180 2165 25 private private JJ 5180 2165 26 corporations corporation NNS 5180 2165 27 , , , 5180 2165 28 which which WDT 5180 2165 29 the the DT 5180 2165 30 Court Court NNP 5180 2165 31 has have VBZ 5180 2165 32 recognized recognize VBN 5180 2165 33 have have VBP 5180 2165 34 cognizable cognizable JJ 5180 2165 35 First First NNP 5180 2165 36 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2165 37 rights right NNS 5180 2165 38 . . . 5180 2166 1 First First NNP 5180 2166 2 Nat'l Nat'l NNPS 5180 2166 3 Bank Bank NNP 5180 2166 4 of of IN 5180 2166 5 Boston Boston NNP 5180 2166 6 v. v. CC 5180 2166 7 Bellotti Bellotti NNP 5180 2166 8 , , , 5180 2166 9 435 435 CD 5180 2166 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2166 11 765 765 CD 5180 2166 12 , , , 5180 2166 13 775 775 CD 5180 2166 14 - - SYM 5180 2166 15 76 76 CD 5180 2166 16 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2166 17 1978 1978 CD 5180 2166 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2166 19 . . . 5180 2167 1 Unlike unlike IN 5180 2167 2 other other JJ 5180 2167 3 provisions provision NNS 5180 2167 4 in in IN 5180 2167 5 the the DT 5180 2167 6 Bill Bill NNP 5180 2167 7 of of IN 5180 2167 8 Rights Rights NNPS 5180 2167 9 , , , 5180 2167 10 which which WDT 5180 2167 11 the the DT 5180 2167 12 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2167 13 Court Court NNP 5180 2167 14 has have VBZ 5180 2167 15 held hold VBN 5180 2167 16 to to TO 5180 2167 17 be be VB 5180 2167 18 " " `` 5180 2167 19 purely purely RB 5180 2167 20 personal personal JJ 5180 2167 21 " " '' 5180 2167 22 and and CC 5180 2167 23 thus thus RB 5180 2167 24 capable capable JJ 5180 2167 25 of of IN 5180 2167 26 being be VBG 5180 2167 27 invoked invoke VBN 5180 2167 28 only only RB 5180 2167 29 by by IN 5180 2167 30 individuals individual NNS 5180 2167 31 , , , 5180 2167 32 the the DT 5180 2167 33 First First NNP 5180 2167 34 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2167 35 is be VBZ 5180 2167 36 not not RB 5180 2167 37 phrased phrase VBN 5180 2167 38 in in IN 5180 2167 39 terms term NNS 5180 2167 40 of of IN 5180 2167 41 who who WP 5180 2167 42 holds hold VBZ 5180 2167 43 the the DT 5180 2167 44 right right NN 5180 2167 45 , , , 5180 2167 46 but but CC 5180 2167 47 rather rather RB 5180 2167 48 what what WP 5180 2167 49 is be VBZ 5180 2167 50 protected protect VBN 5180 2167 51 . . . 5180 2168 1 Compare compare VB 5180 2168 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2168 3 Const Const NNP 5180 2168 4 . . . 5180 2169 1 amend amend VB 5180 2169 2 V V NNP 5180 2169 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2169 4 " " `` 5180 2169 5 No no DT 5180 2169 6 person person NN 5180 2169 7 shall shall MD 5180 2169 8 be be VB 5180 2169 9 held hold VBN 5180 2169 10 to to TO 5180 2169 11 answer answer VB 5180 2169 12 . . . 5180 2170 1 . . . 5180 2171 1 . . . 5180 2171 2 " " '' 5180 2171 3 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2172 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2172 2 emphasis emphasis NN 5180 2172 3 added add VBN 5180 2172 4 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2172 5 with with IN 5180 2172 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2172 7 Const Const NNP 5180 2172 8 . . . 5180 2173 1 amend amend VB 5180 2173 2 I -PRON- PRP 5180 2173 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2173 4 " " `` 5180 2173 5 Congress Congress NNP 5180 2173 6 shall shall MD 5180 2173 7 make make VB 5180 2173 8 no no DT 5180 2173 9 law law NN 5180 2173 10 . . . 5180 2174 1 . . . 5180 2175 1 . . . 5180 2176 1 abridging abridge VBG 5180 2176 2 the the DT 5180 2176 3 freedom freedom NN 5180 2176 4 of of IN 5180 2176 5 speech speech NN 5180 2176 6 , , , 5180 2176 7 or or CC 5180 2176 8 of of IN 5180 2176 9 the the DT 5180 2176 10 press press NN 5180 2176 11 . . . 5180 2177 1 . . . 5180 2178 1 . . . 5180 2179 1 . . . 5180 2180 1 ") ") `` 5180 2180 2 ; ; : 5180 2180 3 see see VB 5180 2180 4 also also RB 5180 2180 5 United United NNP 5180 2180 6 States States NNP 5180 2180 7 v. v. CC 5180 2180 8 White White NNP 5180 2180 9 , , , 5180 2180 10 322 322 CD 5180 2180 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2180 12 694 694 CD 5180 2180 13 , , , 5180 2180 14 698 698 CD 5180 2180 15 - - SYM 5180 2180 16 701 701 CD 5180 2180 17 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2180 18 1944 1944 CD 5180 2180 19 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2180 20 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2180 21 holding hold VBG 5180 2180 22 that that IN 5180 2180 23 the the DT 5180 2180 24 privilege privilege NN 5180 2180 25 against against IN 5180 2180 26 self- self- NNP 5180 2180 27 incrimination incrimination NNP 5180 2180 28 applies apply VBZ 5180 2180 29 only only RB 5180 2180 30 to to IN 5180 2180 31 natural natural JJ 5180 2180 32 persons person NNS 5180 2180 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2180 34 . . . 5180 2181 1 The the DT 5180 2181 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2181 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2181 4 relied rely VBD 5180 2181 5 on on IN 5180 2181 6 this this DT 5180 2181 7 distinction distinction NN 5180 2181 8 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2181 9 i.e. i.e. FW 5180 2181 10 , , , 5180 2181 11 that that IN 5180 2181 12 the the DT 5180 2181 13 First First NNP 5180 2181 14 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2181 15 protects protect VBZ 5180 2181 16 a a DT 5180 2181 17 class class NN 5180 2181 18 of of IN 5180 2181 19 speech speech NN 5180 2181 20 rather rather RB 5180 2181 21 than than IN 5180 2181 22 a a DT 5180 2181 23 class class NN 5180 2181 24 of of IN 5180 2181 25 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2181 26 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2181 27 in in IN 5180 2181 28 a a DT 5180 2181 29 similar similar JJ 5180 2181 30 context context NN 5180 2181 31 in in IN 5180 2181 32 Bellotti Bellotti NNP 5180 2181 33 . . . 5180 2182 1 There there RB 5180 2182 2 , , , 5180 2182 3 the the DT 5180 2182 4 Court Court NNP 5180 2182 5 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 2182 6 a a DT 5180 2182 7 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 5180 2182 8 statute statute NN 5180 2182 9 that that WDT 5180 2182 10 prohibited prohibit VBD 5180 2182 11 corporations corporation NNS 5180 2182 12 from from IN 5180 2182 13 spending spend VBG 5180 2182 14 money money NN 5180 2182 15 to to TO 5180 2182 16 influence influence VB 5180 2182 17 ballot ballot NN 5180 2182 18 initiatives initiative NNS 5180 2182 19 that that WDT 5180 2182 20 did do VBD 5180 2182 21 not not RB 5180 2182 22 bear bear VB 5180 2182 23 directly directly RB 5180 2182 24 on on IN 5180 2182 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2182 26 " " `` 5180 2182 27 property property NN 5180 2182 28 , , , 5180 2182 29 business business NN 5180 2182 30 or or CC 5180 2182 31 assets asset NNS 5180 2182 32 . . . 5180 2182 33 " " '' 5180 2183 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 2184 1 at at IN 5180 2184 2 768 768 CD 5180 2184 3 . . . 5180 2185 1 In in IN 5180 2185 2 so so RB 5180 2185 3 holding hold VBG 5180 2185 4 , , , 5180 2185 5 the the DT 5180 2185 6 Court Court NNP 5180 2185 7 rejected reject VBD 5180 2185 8 the the DT 5180 2185 9 argument argument NN 5180 2185 10 that that IN 5180 2185 11 the the DT 5180 2185 12 First First NNP 5180 2185 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2185 14 protects protect VBZ 5180 2185 15 only only RB 5180 2185 16 an an DT 5180 2185 17 individual individual NN 5180 2185 18 's 's POS 5180 2185 19 expression expression NN 5180 2185 20 . . . 5180 2186 1 The the DT 5180 2186 2 Court Court NNP 5180 2186 3 wrote write VBD 5180 2186 4 : : : 5180 2186 5 The the DT 5180 2186 6 Constitution Constitution NNP 5180 2186 7 often often RB 5180 2186 8 protects protect VBZ 5180 2186 9 interests interest NNS 5180 2186 10 broader broad JJR 5180 2186 11 than than IN 5180 2186 12 those those DT 5180 2186 13 of of IN 5180 2186 14 the the DT 5180 2186 15 party party NN 5180 2186 16 seeking seek VBG 5180 2186 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2186 18 vindication vindication NN 5180 2186 19 . . . 5180 2187 1 . . . 5180 2188 1 . . . 5180 2189 1 . . . 5180 2190 1 The the DT 5180 2190 2 proper proper JJ 5180 2190 3 question question NN 5180 2190 4 therefore therefore RB 5180 2190 5 is be VBZ 5180 2190 6 not not RB 5180 2190 7 whether whether IN 5180 2190 8 corporations corporation NNS 5180 2190 9 " " `` 5180 2190 10 have have VBP 5180 2190 11 " " `` 5180 2190 12 First First NNP 5180 2190 13 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2190 14 rights right NNS 5180 2190 15 and and CC 5180 2190 16 , , , 5180 2190 17 if if IN 5180 2190 18 so so RB 5180 2190 19 , , , 5180 2190 20 whether whether IN 5180 2190 21 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2190 22 are be VBP 5180 2190 23 coextensive coextensive JJ 5180 2190 24 with with IN 5180 2190 25 those those DT 5180 2190 26 of of IN 5180 2190 27 natural natural JJ 5180 2190 28 persons person NNS 5180 2190 29 . . . 5180 2191 1 Instead instead RB 5180 2191 2 , , , 5180 2191 3 the the DT 5180 2191 4 question question NN 5180 2191 5 must must MD 5180 2191 6 be be VB 5180 2191 7 whether whether IN 5180 2191 8 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2191 9 the the DT 5180 2191 10 government government NN 5180 2191 11 is be VBZ 5180 2191 12 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2191 13 abridg[ing abridg[e VBG 5180 2191 14 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2191 15 expression expression NN 5180 2191 16 that that IN 5180 2191 17 the the DT 5180 2191 18 First First NNP 5180 2191 19 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2191 20 was be VBD 5180 2191 21 meant mean VBN 5180 2191 22 to to TO 5180 2191 23 protect protect VB 5180 2191 24 . . . 5180 2192 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 2193 1 at at IN 5180 2193 2 776 776 CD 5180 2193 3 . . . 5180 2194 1 The the DT 5180 2194 2 Court Court NNP 5180 2194 3 thus thus RB 5180 2194 4 concluded conclude VBD 5180 2194 5 that that IN 5180 2194 6 corporations corporation NNS 5180 2194 7 are be VBP 5180 2194 8 entitled entitle VBN 5180 2194 9 to to TO 5180 2194 10 assert assert VB 5180 2194 11 First First NNP 5180 2194 12 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2194 13 claims claim VBZ 5180 2194 14 as as IN 5180 2194 15 speakers speaker NNS 5180 2194 16 , , , 5180 2194 17 noting note VBG 5180 2194 18 that that IN 5180 2194 19 " " `` 5180 2194 20 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2194 21 t]he t]he CD 5180 2194 22 inherent inherent JJ 5180 2194 23 worth worth NN 5180 2194 24 of of IN 5180 2194 25 the the DT 5180 2194 26 speech speech NN 5180 2194 27 in in IN 5180 2194 28 terms term NNS 5180 2194 29 of of IN 5180 2194 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2194 31 capacity capacity NN 5180 2194 32 for for IN 5180 2194 33 informing inform VBG 5180 2194 34 the the DT 5180 2194 35 public public NN 5180 2194 36 does do VBZ 5180 2194 37 not not RB 5180 2194 38 depend depend VB 5180 2194 39 upon upon IN 5180 2194 40 the the DT 5180 2194 41 identity identity NN 5180 2194 42 of of IN 5180 2194 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2194 44 source source NN 5180 2194 45 , , , 5180 2194 46 whether whether IN 5180 2194 47 corporation corporation NN 5180 2194 48 , , , 5180 2194 49 association association NNP 5180 2194 50 , , , 5180 2194 51 union union NNP 5180 2194 52 , , , 5180 2194 53 or or CC 5180 2194 54 individual individual NN 5180 2194 55 . . . 5180 2194 56 " " '' 5180 2195 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 2196 1 at at IN 5180 2196 2 777 777 CD 5180 2196 3 . . . 5180 2197 1 In in IN 5180 2197 2 view view NN 5180 2197 3 of of IN 5180 2197 4 the the DT 5180 2197 5 foregoing foregoing NN 5180 2197 6 , , , 5180 2197 7 the the DT 5180 2197 8 notion notion NN 5180 2197 9 that that IN 5180 2197 10 public public JJ 5180 2197 11 libraries library NNS 5180 2197 12 may may MD 5180 2197 13 assert assert VB 5180 2197 14 First First NNP 5180 2197 15 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2197 16 rights right NNS 5180 2197 17 for for IN 5180 2197 18 the the DT 5180 2197 19 purpose purpose NN 5180 2197 20 of of IN 5180 2197 21 making make VBG 5180 2197 22 an an DT 5180 2197 23 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2197 24 conditions condition NNS 5180 2197 25 claim claim NN 5180 2197 26 is be VBZ 5180 2197 27 clearly clearly RB 5180 2197 28 plausible plausible JJ 5180 2197 29 , , , 5180 2197 30 and and CC 5180 2197 31 may may MD 5180 2197 32 well well RB 5180 2197 33 be be VB 5180 2197 34 correct correct JJ 5180 2197 35 . . . 5180 2198 1 But but CC 5180 2198 2 even even RB 5180 2198 3 if if IN 5180 2198 4 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2198 5 is be VBZ 5180 2198 6 not not RB 5180 2198 7 , , , 5180 2198 8 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2198 9 think think VBP 5180 2198 10 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2198 11 plausible plausible JJ 5180 2198 12 that that IN 5180 2198 13 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2198 14 could could MD 5180 2198 15 rely rely VB 5180 2198 16 on on IN 5180 2198 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2198 18 patrons patron NNS 5180 2198 19 ' ' POS 5180 2198 20 rights right NNS 5180 2198 21 , , , 5180 2198 22 even even RB 5180 2198 23 though though IN 5180 2198 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2198 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 2198 26 are be VBP 5180 2198 27 not not RB 5180 2198 28 the the DT 5180 2198 29 ones one NNS 5180 2198 30 who who WP 5180 2198 31 are be VBP 5180 2198 32 directly directly RB 5180 2198 33 receiving receive VBG 5180 2198 34 the the DT 5180 2198 35 federal federal JJ 5180 2198 36 funding funding NN 5180 2198 37 . . . 5180 2199 1 In in IN 5180 2199 2 similar similar JJ 5180 2199 3 cases case NNS 5180 2199 4 , , , 5180 2199 5 the the DT 5180 2199 6 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2199 7 Court Court NNP 5180 2199 8 has have VBZ 5180 2199 9 entertained entertain VBN 5180 2199 10 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2199 11 conditions condition NNS 5180 2199 12 claims claim VBZ 5180 2199 13 both both DT 5180 2199 14 by by IN 5180 2199 15 the the DT 5180 2199 16 organizations organization NNS 5180 2199 17 that that WDT 5180 2199 18 receive receive VBP 5180 2199 19 federal federal JJ 5180 2199 20 funding funding NN 5180 2199 21 and and CC 5180 2199 22 by by IN 5180 2199 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2199 24 constituents constituent NNS 5180 2199 25 . . . 5180 2200 1 See see VB 5180 2200 2 Legal Legal NNP 5180 2200 3 Servs Servs NNP 5180 2200 4 . . . 5180 2201 1 Corp. Corp. NNP 5180 2201 2 v. v. IN 5180 2201 3 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2201 4 , , , 5180 2201 5 531 531 CD 5180 2201 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2201 7 533 533 CD 5180 2201 8 , , , 5180 2201 9 537 537 CD 5180 2201 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2201 11 2001 2001 CD 5180 2201 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2201 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2201 14 " " `` 5180 2201 15 Lawyers lawyer NNS 5180 2201 16 employed employ VBN 5180 2201 17 by by IN 5180 2201 18 New New NNP 5180 2201 19 York York NNP 5180 2201 20 City City NNP 5180 2201 21 LSC LSC NNP 5180 2201 22 grantees grantee NNS 5180 2201 23 , , , 5180 2201 24 together together RB 5180 2201 25 with with IN 5180 2201 26 private private JJ 5180 2201 27 LSC LSC NNP 5180 2201 28 contributors contributor NNS 5180 2201 29 , , , 5180 2201 30 LSC LSC NNP 5180 2201 31 indigent indigent JJ 5180 2201 32 clients client NNS 5180 2201 33 , , , 5180 2201 34 and and CC 5180 2201 35 various various JJ 5180 2201 36 state state NN 5180 2201 37 and and CC 5180 2201 38 local local JJ 5180 2201 39 public public JJ 5180 2201 40 officials official NNS 5180 2201 41 whose whose WP$ 5180 2201 42 governments government NNS 5180 2201 43 contribute contribute VBP 5180 2201 44 to to IN 5180 2201 45 LSC LSC NNP 5180 2201 46 grantees grantee NNS 5180 2201 47 , , , 5180 2201 48 brought bring VBD 5180 2201 49 suit suit NN 5180 2201 50 . . . 5180 2202 1 . . . 5180 2203 1 . . . 5180 2204 1 to to TO 5180 2204 2 declare declare VB 5180 2204 3 the the DT 5180 2204 4 restriction restriction NN 5180 2204 5 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2204 6 on on IN 5180 2204 7 LSC LSC NNP 5180 2204 8 lawyers lawyer NNS 5180 2204 9 ' ' POS 5180 2204 10 ability ability NN 5180 2204 11 advocate advocate VBP 5180 2204 12 the the DT 5180 2204 13 amendment amendment NN 5180 2204 14 of of IN 5180 2204 15 or or CC 5180 2204 16 to to TO 5180 2204 17 challenge challenge VB 5180 2204 18 the the DT 5180 2204 19 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 2204 20 of of IN 5180 2204 21 existing exist VBG 5180 2204 22 welfare welfare NN 5180 2204 23 law law NN 5180 2204 24 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2204 25 . . . 5180 2205 1 . . . 5180 2206 1 . . . 5180 2207 1 invalid invalid NNP 5180 2207 2 . . . 5180 2208 1 ") ") LS 5180 2208 2 ; ; : 5180 2208 3 Rust rust VB 5180 2208 4 v. v. IN 5180 2208 5 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 5180 2208 6 , , , 5180 2208 7 500 500 CD 5180 2208 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2208 9 173 173 CD 5180 2208 10 , , , 5180 2208 11 181 181 CD 5180 2208 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2208 13 1991 1991 CD 5180 2208 14 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2208 15 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2208 16 " " `` 5180 2208 17 Petitioners petitioner NNS 5180 2208 18 are be VBP 5180 2208 19 Title title NN 5180 2208 20 X x NN 5180 2208 21 grantees grantee NNS 5180 2208 22 and and CC 5180 2208 23 doctors doctor NNS 5180 2208 24 who who WP 5180 2208 25 supervise supervise VBP 5180 2208 26 Title title NN 5180 2208 27 X X NNP 5180 2208 28 funds fund NNS 5180 2208 29 suing sue VBG 5180 2208 30 on on IN 5180 2208 31 behalf behalf NN 5180 2208 32 of of IN 5180 2208 33 themselves -PRON- PRP 5180 2208 34 and and CC 5180 2208 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2208 36 patients patient NNS 5180 2208 37 . . . 5180 2209 1 . . . 5180 2210 1 . . . 5180 2211 1 . . . 5180 2212 1 Petitioners petitioner NNS 5180 2212 2 challenged challenge VBD 5180 2212 3 the the DT 5180 2212 4 regulations regulation NNS 5180 2212 5 on on IN 5180 2212 6 the the DT 5180 2212 7 grounds ground NNS 5180 2212 8 that that DT 5180 2212 9 . . . 5180 2213 1 . . . 5180 2214 1 . . . 5180 2215 1 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2215 2 violate violate VBP 5180 2215 3 the the DT 5180 2215 4 First First NNP 5180 2215 5 and and CC 5180 2215 6 Fifth Fifth NNP 5180 2215 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2215 8 rights right NNS 5180 2215 9 of of IN 5180 2215 10 Title title NN 5180 2215 11 X X NNP 5180 2215 12 clients client NNS 5180 2215 13 and and CC 5180 2215 14 the the DT 5180 2215 15 First First NNP 5180 2215 16 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2215 17 rights right NNS 5180 2215 18 of of IN 5180 2215 19 Title Title NNP 5180 2215 20 X X NNP 5180 2215 21 health health NN 5180 2215 22 providers provider NNS 5180 2215 23 . . . 5180 2216 1 ") ") `` 5180 2216 2 ; ; : 5180 2216 3 FCC FCC NNP 5180 2216 4 v. v. IN 5180 2216 5 League League NNP 5180 2216 6 of of IN 5180 2216 7 Women Women NNP 5180 2216 8 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2216 9 of of IN 5180 2216 10 Cal Cal NNP 5180 2216 11 . . NNP 5180 2216 12 , , , 5180 2216 13 468 468 CD 5180 2216 14 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2216 15 364 364 CD 5180 2216 16 , , , 5180 2216 17 370 370 CD 5180 2216 18 n.6 n.6 CD 5180 2216 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2216 20 1984 1984 CD 5180 2216 21 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2216 22 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2216 23 reviewing review VBG 5180 2216 24 a a DT 5180 2216 25 First First NNP 5180 2216 26 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2216 27 challenge challenge NN 5180 2216 28 to to IN 5180 2216 29 conditions condition NNS 5180 2216 30 on on IN 5180 2216 31 public public JJ 5180 2216 32 broadcasters broadcaster NNS 5180 2216 33 ' ' POS 5180 2216 34 receipt receipt NN 5180 2216 35 of of IN 5180 2216 36 federal federal JJ 5180 2216 37 funds fund NNS 5180 2216 38 , , , 5180 2216 39 in in IN 5180 2216 40 which which WDT 5180 2216 41 the the DT 5180 2216 42 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2216 43 included include VBD 5180 2216 44 not not RB 5180 2216 45 only only RB 5180 2216 46 the the DT 5180 2216 47 owner owner NN 5180 2216 48 of of IN 5180 2216 49 a a DT 5180 2216 50 public public JJ 5180 2216 51 television television NN 5180 2216 52 station station NN 5180 2216 53 , , , 5180 2216 54 but but CC 5180 2216 55 also also RB 5180 2216 56 viewers viewer NNS 5180 2216 57 of of IN 5180 2216 58 the the DT 5180 2216 59 station station NN 5180 2216 60 's 's POS 5180 2216 61 programs program NNS 5180 2216 62 , , , 5180 2216 63 including include VBG 5180 2216 64 the the DT 5180 2216 65 League League NNP 5180 2216 66 of of IN 5180 2216 67 Women Women NNP 5180 2216 68 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2216 69 , , , 5180 2216 70 and and CC 5180 2216 71 " " `` 5180 2216 72 Congressman Congressman NNP 5180 2216 73 Henry Henry NNP 5180 2216 74 Waxman Waxman NNP 5180 2216 75 , , , 5180 2216 76 . . . 5180 2217 1 . . . 5180 2218 1 . . . 5180 2219 1 a a DT 5180 2219 2 regular regular JJ 5180 2219 3 listener listener NN 5180 2219 4 and and CC 5180 2219 5 viewer viewer NN 5180 2219 6 of of IN 5180 2219 7 public public JJ 5180 2219 8 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 2219 9 " " '' 5180 2219 10 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2219 11 . . . 5180 2220 1 The the DT 5180 2220 2 question question NN 5180 2220 3 whether whether IN 5180 2220 4 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2220 5 's 's POS 5180 2220 6 requirement requirement NN 5180 2220 7 that that IN 5180 2220 8 libraries library NNS 5180 2220 9 use use VBP 5180 2220 10 filtering filter VBG 5180 2220 11 software software NN 5180 2220 12 constitutes constitute VBZ 5180 2220 13 an an DT 5180 2220 14 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2220 15 condition condition NN 5180 2220 16 is be VBZ 5180 2220 17 not not RB 5180 2220 18 an an DT 5180 2220 19 easy easy JJ 5180 2220 20 one one NN 5180 2220 21 . . . 5180 2221 1 The the DT 5180 2221 2 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2221 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2221 4 has have VBZ 5180 2221 5 held hold VBN 5180 2221 6 that that IN 5180 2221 7 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2221 8 violates violate VBZ 5180 2221 9 the the DT 5180 2221 10 First First NNP 5180 2221 11 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2221 12 for for IN 5180 2221 13 the the DT 5180 2221 14 federal federal JJ 5180 2221 15 government government NN 5180 2221 16 to to TO 5180 2221 17 require require VB 5180 2221 18 public public JJ 5180 2221 19 broadcasting broadcasting NN 5180 2221 20 stations station NNS 5180 2221 21 that that WDT 5180 2221 22 receive receive VBP 5180 2221 23 federal federal JJ 5180 2221 24 funds fund NNS 5180 2221 25 not not RB 5180 2221 26 to to TO 5180 2221 27 editorialize editorialize VB 5180 2221 28 , , , 5180 2221 29 see see VB 5180 2221 30 League League NNP 5180 2221 31 of of IN 5180 2221 32 Women Women NNP 5180 2221 33 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2221 34 , , , 5180 2221 35 468 468 CD 5180 2221 36 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2221 37 at at IN 5180 2221 38 366 366 CD 5180 2221 39 , , , 5180 2221 40 402 402 CD 5180 2221 41 ; ; : 5180 2221 42 for for IN 5180 2221 43 states state NNS 5180 2221 44 to to TO 5180 2221 45 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 2221 46 " " `` 5180 2221 47 newspaper newspaper NN 5180 2221 48 and and CC 5180 2221 49 religious religious JJ 5180 2221 50 , , , 5180 2221 51 professional professional JJ 5180 2221 52 , , , 5180 2221 53 trade trade NN 5180 2221 54 , , , 5180 2221 55 and and CC 5180 2221 56 sports sport NNS 5180 2221 57 journals journal NNS 5180 2221 58 , , , 5180 2221 59 " " '' 5180 2221 60 but but CC 5180 2221 61 not not RB 5180 2221 62 " " `` 5180 2221 63 general general JJ 5180 2221 64 interest interest NN 5180 2221 65 magazines magazine NNS 5180 2221 66 , , , 5180 2221 67 " " '' 5180 2221 68 Ark. Arkansas NNP 5180 2222 1 Writers Writers NNP 5180 2222 2 ' ' POS 5180 2222 3 Project Project NNP 5180 2222 4 , , , 5180 2222 5 Inc. Inc. NNP 5180 2222 6 v. v. IN 5180 2222 7 Ragland Ragland NNP 5180 2222 8 , , , 5180 2222 9 481 481 CD 5180 2222 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2222 11 221 221 CD 5180 2222 12 , , , 5180 2222 13 223 223 CD 5180 2222 14 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2222 15 1987 1987 CD 5180 2222 16 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2222 17 ; ; : 5180 2222 18 for for IN 5180 2222 19 a a DT 5180 2222 20 state state NN 5180 2222 21 university university NN 5180 2222 22 to to TO 5180 2222 23 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 2222 24 student student NN 5180 2222 25 publications publication NNS 5180 2222 26 only only RB 5180 2222 27 on on IN 5180 2222 28 the the DT 5180 2222 29 condition condition NN 5180 2222 30 that that IN 5180 2222 31 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2222 32 do do VBP 5180 2222 33 not not RB 5180 2222 34 " " `` 5180 2222 35 primarily primarily RB 5180 2222 36 promote promote VB 5180 2222 37 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2222 38 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2222 39 or or CC 5180 2222 40 manifest manifest VB 5180 2222 41 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2222 42 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2222 43 a a DT 5180 2222 44 particular particular JJ 5180 2222 45 belief belief NN 5180 2222 46 in in IN 5180 2222 47 or or CC 5180 2222 48 about about IN 5180 2222 49 a a DT 5180 2222 50 deity deity NN 5180 2222 51 or or CC 5180 2222 52 an an DT 5180 2222 53 ultimate ultimate JJ 5180 2222 54 reality reality NN 5180 2222 55 , , , 5180 2222 56 " " '' 5180 2222 57 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 2222 58 v. v. IN 5180 2222 59 Rector Rector NNP 5180 2222 60 & & CC 5180 2222 61 Visitors Visitors NNPS 5180 2222 62 of of IN 5180 2222 63 Univ Univ NNP 5180 2222 64 . . . 5180 2223 1 of of IN 5180 2223 2 Va. Virginia NNP 5180 2223 3 , , , 5180 2223 4 515 515 CD 5180 2223 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2223 6 819 819 CD 5180 2223 7 , , , 5180 2223 8 823 823 CD 5180 2223 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2223 10 1995 1995 CD 5180 2223 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2223 12 ; ; : 5180 2223 13 and and CC 5180 2223 14 for for IN 5180 2223 15 the the DT 5180 2223 16 federal federal JJ 5180 2223 17 government government NN 5180 2223 18 to to TO 5180 2223 19 prevent prevent VB 5180 2223 20 legal legal JJ 5180 2223 21 services service NNS 5180 2223 22 providers provider NNS 5180 2223 23 who who WP 5180 2223 24 receive receive VBP 5180 2223 25 federal federal JJ 5180 2223 26 funds fund NNS 5180 2223 27 from from IN 5180 2223 28 seeking seek VBG 5180 2223 29 to to TO 5180 2223 30 " " `` 5180 2223 31 amend amend VB 5180 2223 32 or or CC 5180 2223 33 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 2223 34 challenge challenge NN 5180 2223 35 existing exist VBG 5180 2223 36 welfare welfare NN 5180 2223 37 law law NN 5180 2223 38 . . . 5180 2223 39 " " '' 5180 2224 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2224 2 , , , 5180 2224 3 531 531 CD 5180 2224 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2224 5 at at IN 5180 2224 6 537 537 CD 5180 2224 7 . . . 5180 2225 1 On on IN 5180 2225 2 the the DT 5180 2225 3 other other JJ 5180 2225 4 hand hand NN 5180 2225 5 , , , 5180 2225 6 the the DT 5180 2225 7 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2225 8 Court Court NNP 5180 2225 9 has have VBZ 5180 2225 10 held hold VBN 5180 2225 11 that that IN 5180 2225 12 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2225 13 does do VBZ 5180 2225 14 not not RB 5180 2225 15 violate violate VB 5180 2225 16 the the DT 5180 2225 17 First First NNP 5180 2225 18 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2225 19 for for IN 5180 2225 20 the the DT 5180 2225 21 federal federal JJ 5180 2225 22 government government NN 5180 2225 23 to to TO 5180 2225 24 require require VB 5180 2225 25 healthcare healthcare NN 5180 2225 26 providers provider NNS 5180 2225 27 who who WP 5180 2225 28 receive receive VBP 5180 2225 29 federal federal JJ 5180 2225 30 funds fund NNS 5180 2225 31 not not RB 5180 2225 32 to to TO 5180 2225 33 " " `` 5180 2225 34 encourage encourage VB 5180 2225 35 , , , 5180 2225 36 promote promote VB 5180 2225 37 or or CC 5180 2225 38 advocate advocate VB 5180 2225 39 abortion abortion NN 5180 2225 40 as as IN 5180 2225 41 a a DT 5180 2225 42 method method NN 5180 2225 43 of of IN 5180 2225 44 family family NN 5180 2225 45 planning planning NN 5180 2225 46 , , , 5180 2225 47 " " `` 5180 2225 48 Rust Rust NNP 5180 2225 49 , , , 5180 2225 50 500 500 CD 5180 2225 51 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2225 52 at at IN 5180 2225 53 180 180 CD 5180 2225 54 ; ; : 5180 2225 55 for for IN 5180 2225 56 the the DT 5180 2225 57 federal federal JJ 5180 2225 58 government government NN 5180 2225 59 to to TO 5180 2225 60 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 2225 61 charitable charitable JJ 5180 2225 62 organizations organization NNS 5180 2225 63 only only RB 5180 2225 64 if if IN 5180 2225 65 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2225 66 do do VBP 5180 2225 67 not not RB 5180 2225 68 engage engage VB 5180 2225 69 in in IN 5180 2225 70 lobbying lobby VBG 5180 2225 71 activity activity NN 5180 2225 72 , , , 5180 2225 73 see see VB 5180 2225 74 Regan Regan NNP 5180 2225 75 v. v. IN 5180 2225 76 Taxation Taxation NNP 5180 2225 77 with with IN 5180 2225 78 Representation Representation NNP 5180 2225 79 , , , 5180 2225 80 461 461 CD 5180 2225 81 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2225 82 540 540 CD 5180 2225 83 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2225 84 1983 1983 CD 5180 2225 85 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2225 86 ; ; : 5180 2225 87 and and CC 5180 2225 88 for for IN 5180 2225 89 the the DT 5180 2225 90 National National NNP 5180 2225 91 Endowment Endowment NNP 5180 2225 92 for for IN 5180 2225 93 the the DT 5180 2225 94 Arts Arts NNPS 5180 2225 95 , , , 5180 2225 96 in in IN 5180 2225 97 awarding award VBG 5180 2225 98 grants grant NNS 5180 2225 99 on on IN 5180 2225 100 the the DT 5180 2225 101 basis basis NN 5180 2225 102 of of IN 5180 2225 103 artistic artistic JJ 5180 2225 104 excellence excellence NN 5180 2225 105 , , , 5180 2225 106 to to TO 5180 2225 107 " " `` 5180 2225 108 take take VB 5180 2225 109 into into IN 5180 2225 110 consideration consideration NN 5180 2225 111 general general JJ 5180 2225 112 standards standard NNS 5180 2225 113 of of IN 5180 2225 114 decency decency NN 5180 2225 115 and and CC 5180 2225 116 respect respect NN 5180 2225 117 for for IN 5180 2225 118 the the DT 5180 2225 119 diverse diverse JJ 5180 2225 120 beliefs belief NNS 5180 2225 121 and and CC 5180 2225 122 values value NNS 5180 2225 123 of of IN 5180 2225 124 the the DT 5180 2225 125 American American NNP 5180 2225 126 Public Public NNP 5180 2225 127 . . . 5180 2225 128 " " '' 5180 2226 1 NEA NEA NNP 5180 2226 2 v. v. CC 5180 2226 3 Finley Finley NNP 5180 2226 4 , , , 5180 2226 5 524 524 CD 5180 2226 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2226 7 569 569 CD 5180 2226 8 , , , 5180 2226 9 572 572 CD 5180 2226 10 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2226 11 1998 1998 CD 5180 2226 12 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2226 13 . . . 5180 2227 1 In in IN 5180 2227 2 light light NN 5180 2227 3 of of IN 5180 2227 4 the the DT 5180 2227 5 facts fact NNS 5180 2227 6 that that WDT 5180 2227 7 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2227 8 discuss discuss VBP 5180 2227 9 above above RB 5180 2227 10 regarding regard VBG 5180 2227 11 the the DT 5180 2227 12 operation operation NN 5180 2227 13 of of IN 5180 2227 14 public public JJ 5180 2227 15 libraries library NNS 5180 2227 16 , , , 5180 2227 17 and and CC 5180 2227 18 the the DT 5180 2227 19 limits limit NNS 5180 2227 20 of of IN 5180 2227 21 Internet internet NN 5180 2227 22 filtering filter VBG 5180 2227 23 software software NN 5180 2227 24 , , , 5180 2227 25 see see VB 5180 2227 26 supra supra NNP 5180 2227 27 Sections Sections NNPS 5180 2227 28 II.D ii.d NN 5180 2227 29 - - HYPH 5180 2227 30 E e NN 5180 2227 31 , , , 5180 2227 32 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2227 33 believe believe VBP 5180 2227 34 that that IN 5180 2227 35 the the DT 5180 2227 36 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2227 37 have have VBP 5180 2227 38 a a DT 5180 2227 39 good good JJ 5180 2227 40 argument argument NN 5180 2227 41 that that IN 5180 2227 42 this this DT 5180 2227 43 case case NN 5180 2227 44 is be VBZ 5180 2227 45 more more RBR 5180 2227 46 analogous analogous JJ 5180 2227 47 to to IN 5180 2227 48 League League NNP 5180 2227 49 of of IN 5180 2227 50 Women Women NNP 5180 2227 51 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2227 52 , , , 5180 2227 53 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2227 54 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 2227 55 ' ' POS 5180 2227 56 Project Project NNP 5180 2227 57 , , , 5180 2227 58 and and CC 5180 2227 59 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2227 60 than than IN 5180 2227 61 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2227 62 is be VBZ 5180 2227 63 to to TO 5180 2227 64 Rust rust VB 5180 2227 65 , , , 5180 2227 66 Finley Finley NNP 5180 2227 67 and and CC 5180 2227 68 Taxation Taxation NNP 5180 2227 69 with with IN 5180 2227 70 Representation Representation NNP 5180 2227 71 . . . 5180 2228 1 Like like IN 5180 2228 2 the the DT 5180 2228 3 law law NN 5180 2228 4 invalidated invalidate VBN 5180 2228 5 in in IN 5180 2228 6 League League NNP 5180 2228 7 of of IN 5180 2228 8 Women Women NNP 5180 2228 9 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2228 10 , , , 5180 2228 11 which which WDT 5180 2228 12 targeted target VBD 5180 2228 13 editorializing editorializing JJ 5180 2228 14 , , , 5180 2228 15 and and CC 5180 2228 16 the the DT 5180 2228 17 law law NN 5180 2228 18 invalidated invalidate VBD 5180 2228 19 in in IN 5180 2228 20 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2228 21 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 2228 22 ' ' POS 5180 2228 23 Project Project NNP 5180 2228 24 , , , 5180 2228 25 which which WDT 5180 2228 26 targeted target VBD 5180 2228 27 general general JJ 5180 2228 28 interest interest NN 5180 2228 29 magazines magazine NNS 5180 2228 30 but but CC 5180 2228 31 not not RB 5180 2228 32 " " `` 5180 2228 33 religious religious JJ 5180 2228 34 , , , 5180 2228 35 professional professional JJ 5180 2228 36 , , , 5180 2228 37 trade trade NN 5180 2228 38 , , , 5180 2228 39 and and CC 5180 2228 40 sports sport NNS 5180 2228 41 journals journal NNS 5180 2228 42 , , , 5180 2228 43 " " '' 5180 2228 44 the the DT 5180 2228 45 law law NN 5180 2228 46 in in IN 5180 2228 47 this this DT 5180 2228 48 case case NN 5180 2228 49 places place VBZ 5180 2228 50 content content NN 5180 2228 51 - - HYPH 5180 2228 52 based base VBN 5180 2228 53 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2228 54 on on IN 5180 2228 55 public public JJ 5180 2228 56 libraries library NNS 5180 2228 57 ' ' POS 5180 2228 58 possible possible JJ 5180 2228 59 First First NNP 5180 2228 60 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2228 61 right right NN 5180 2228 62 to to TO 5180 2228 63 provide provide VB 5180 2228 64 patrons patron NNS 5180 2228 65 with with IN 5180 2228 66 access access NN 5180 2228 67 to to IN 5180 2228 68 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2228 69 protected protect VBN 5180 2228 70 material material NN 5180 2228 71 . . . 5180 2229 1 See see VB 5180 2229 2 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2229 3 Writers Writers NNPS 5180 2229 4 ' ' POS 5180 2229 5 Project Project NNP 5180 2229 6 , , , 5180 2229 7 481 481 CD 5180 2229 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2229 9 at at IN 5180 2229 10 229 229 CD 5180 2229 11 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2229 12 " " `` 5180 2229 13 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2229 14 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2229 15 basis basis NN 5180 2229 16 on on IN 5180 2229 17 which which WDT 5180 2229 18 Arkansas Arkansas NNP 5180 2229 19 differentiates differentiate VBZ 5180 2229 20 between between IN 5180 2229 21 magazines magazine NNS 5180 2229 22 is be VBZ 5180 2229 23 particularly particularly RB 5180 2229 24 repugnant repugnant JJ 5180 2229 25 to to IN 5180 2229 26 First First NNP 5180 2229 27 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2229 28 principles principle NNS 5180 2229 29 : : : 5180 2229 30 a a DT 5180 2229 31 magazine magazine NN 5180 2229 32 's 's POS 5180 2229 33 tax tax NN 5180 2229 34 status status NN 5180 2229 35 depends depend VBZ 5180 2229 36 entirely entirely RB 5180 2229 37 on on IN 5180 2229 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2229 39 content content NN 5180 2229 40 . . . 5180 2230 1 Above above IN 5180 2230 2 all all DT 5180 2230 3 else else RB 5180 2230 4 , , , 5180 2230 5 the the DT 5180 2230 6 First First NNP 5180 2230 7 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2230 8 means mean VBZ 5180 2230 9 that that IN 5180 2230 10 government government NN 5180 2230 11 has have VBZ 5180 2230 12 no no DT 5180 2230 13 power power NN 5180 2230 14 to to TO 5180 2230 15 restrict restrict VB 5180 2230 16 expression expression NN 5180 2230 17 because because IN 5180 2230 18 of of IN 5180 2230 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2230 20 message message NN 5180 2230 21 , , , 5180 2230 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2230 23 ideas idea NNS 5180 2230 24 , , , 5180 2230 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2230 26 subject subject JJ 5180 2230 27 matter matter NN 5180 2230 28 , , , 5180 2230 29 or or CC 5180 2230 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2230 31 content content NN 5180 2230 32 . . . 5180 2230 33 " " '' 5180 2230 34 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2231 1 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2231 2 internal internal JJ 5180 2231 3 quotation quotation NN 5180 2231 4 marks mark NNS 5180 2231 5 and and CC 5180 2231 6 citations citation NNS 5180 2231 7 omitted omit VBD 5180 2231 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2231 9 ; ; : 5180 2231 10 League League NNP 5180 2231 11 of of IN 5180 2231 12 Women Women NNP 5180 2231 13 Voters Voters NNPS 5180 2231 14 , , , 5180 2231 15 468 468 CD 5180 2231 16 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2231 17 at at IN 5180 2231 18 383 383 CD 5180 2231 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2231 20 " " `` 5180 2231 21 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2231 22 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2231 23 scope scope NN 5180 2231 24 of of IN 5180 2231 25 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2231 26 the the DT 5180 2231 27 challenged challenge VBN 5180 2231 28 statute statute NN 5180 2231 29 's 's POS 5180 2231 30 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2231 31 ban ban NN 5180 2231 32 is be VBZ 5180 2231 33 defined define VBN 5180 2231 34 solely solely RB 5180 2231 35 on on IN 5180 2231 36 the the DT 5180 2231 37 basis basis NN 5180 2231 38 of of IN 5180 2231 39 the the DT 5180 2231 40 content content NN 5180 2231 41 of of IN 5180 2231 42 the the DT 5180 2231 43 suppressed suppress VBN 5180 2231 44 speech speech NN 5180 2231 45 . . . 5180 2231 46 " " '' 5180 2231 47 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2231 48 . . . 5180 2232 1 See see VB 5180 2232 2 generally generally RB 5180 2232 3 Rosenberger Rosenberger NNP 5180 2232 4 , , , 5180 2232 5 515 515 CD 5180 2232 6 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2232 7 at at IN 5180 2232 8 828 828 CD 5180 2232 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2232 10 " " `` 5180 2232 11 It -PRON- PRP 5180 2232 12 is be VBZ 5180 2232 13 axiomatic axiomatic JJ 5180 2232 14 that that IN 5180 2232 15 the the DT 5180 2232 16 government government NN 5180 2232 17 may may MD 5180 2232 18 not not RB 5180 2232 19 regulate regulate VB 5180 2232 20 speech speech NN 5180 2232 21 based base VBN 5180 2232 22 on on IN 5180 2232 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2232 24 substantive substantive JJ 5180 2232 25 content content NN 5180 2232 26 or or CC 5180 2232 27 the the DT 5180 2232 28 message message NN 5180 2232 29 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2232 30 conveys convey VBZ 5180 2232 31 . . . 5180 2232 32 " " '' 5180 2232 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2232 34 . . . 5180 2233 1 Because because IN 5180 2233 2 of of IN 5180 2233 3 the the DT 5180 2233 4 technological technological JJ 5180 2233 5 limitations limitation NNS 5180 2233 6 of of IN 5180 2233 7 filtering filter VBG 5180 2233 8 software software NN 5180 2233 9 described describe VBN 5180 2233 10 in in IN 5180 2233 11 such such JJ 5180 2233 12 detail detail NN 5180 2233 13 above above RB 5180 2233 14 , , , 5180 2233 15 Congress Congress NNP 5180 2233 16 's 's POS 5180 2233 17 requirement requirement NN 5180 2233 18 that that IN 5180 2233 19 public public JJ 5180 2233 20 libraries library NNS 5180 2233 21 use use VBP 5180 2233 22 such such JJ 5180 2233 23 software software NN 5180 2233 24 is be VBZ 5180 2233 25 in in IN 5180 2233 26 effect effect NN 5180 2233 27 a a DT 5180 2233 28 requirement requirement NN 5180 2233 29 that that IN 5180 2233 30 public public JJ 5180 2233 31 libraries library NNS 5180 2233 32 block block VBP 5180 2233 33 a a DT 5180 2233 34 substantial substantial JJ 5180 2233 35 amount amount NN 5180 2233 36 of of IN 5180 2233 37 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2233 38 protected protect VBN 5180 2233 39 speech speech NN 5180 2233 40 on on IN 5180 2233 41 the the DT 5180 2233 42 basis basis NN 5180 2233 43 of of IN 5180 2233 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2233 45 content content NN 5180 2233 46 . . . 5180 2234 1 Plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2234 2 ' ' POS 5180 2234 3 argument argument NN 5180 2234 4 that that IN 5180 2234 5 the the DT 5180 2234 6 federal federal JJ 5180 2234 7 government government NN 5180 2234 8 may may MD 5180 2234 9 not not RB 5180 2234 10 require require VB 5180 2234 11 public public JJ 5180 2234 12 libraries library NNS 5180 2234 13 who who WP 5180 2234 14 receive receive VBP 5180 2234 15 federal federal JJ 5180 2234 16 funds fund NNS 5180 2234 17 to to TO 5180 2234 18 restrict restrict VB 5180 2234 19 the the DT 5180 2234 20 availability availability NN 5180 2234 21 of of IN 5180 2234 22 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2234 23 protected protect VBN 5180 2234 24 Web web NN 5180 2234 25 sites site NNS 5180 2234 26 solely solely RB 5180 2234 27 on on IN 5180 2234 28 the the DT 5180 2234 29 basis basis NN 5180 2234 30 of of IN 5180 2234 31 the the DT 5180 2234 32 sites site NNS 5180 2234 33 ' ' POS 5180 2234 34 content content NN 5180 2234 35 finds find VBZ 5180 2234 36 further further JJ 5180 2234 37 support support NN 5180 2234 38 in in IN 5180 2234 39 the the DT 5180 2234 40 role role NN 5180 2234 41 that that WDT 5180 2234 42 public public JJ 5180 2234 43 libraries library NNS 5180 2234 44 have have VBP 5180 2234 45 traditionally traditionally RB 5180 2234 46 served serve VBN 5180 2234 47 in in IN 5180 2234 48 maintaining maintain VBG 5180 2234 49 First First NNP 5180 2234 50 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2234 51 values value NNS 5180 2234 52 . . . 5180 2235 1 As as IN 5180 2235 2 evidenced evidence VBN 5180 2235 3 by by IN 5180 2235 4 the the DT 5180 2235 5 many many JJ 5180 2235 6 public public JJ 5180 2235 7 libraries library NNS 5180 2235 8 that that WDT 5180 2235 9 have have VBP 5180 2235 10 endorsed endorse VBN 5180 2235 11 the the DT 5180 2235 12 Freedom Freedom NNP 5180 2235 13 to to TO 5180 2235 14 Read read VB 5180 2235 15 Statement Statement NNP 5180 2235 16 and and CC 5180 2235 17 the the DT 5180 2235 18 Library Library NNP 5180 2235 19 Bill Bill NNP 5180 2235 20 of of IN 5180 2235 21 Rights Rights NNPS 5180 2235 22 , , , 5180 2235 23 see see VB 5180 2235 24 supra supra NNP 5180 2235 25 Subsection Subsection NNP 5180 2235 26 II.D.1 II.D.1 NNP 5180 2235 27 , , , 5180 2235 28 public public JJ 5180 2235 29 libraries library NNS 5180 2235 30 seemingly seemingly RB 5180 2235 31 have have VBP 5180 2235 32 a a DT 5180 2235 33 duty duty NN 5180 2235 34 to to TO 5180 2235 35 challenge challenge VB 5180 2235 36 prevailing prevailing NN 5180 2235 37 orthodoxy orthodoxy NN 5180 2235 38 and and CC 5180 2235 39 make make VB 5180 2235 40 available available JJ 5180 2235 41 to to IN 5180 2235 42 the the DT 5180 2235 43 public public JJ 5180 2235 44 controversial controversial NN 5180 2235 45 , , , 5180 2235 46 yet yet CC 5180 2235 47 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2235 48 protected protect VBN 5180 2235 49 material material NN 5180 2235 50 , , , 5180 2235 51 even even RB 5180 2235 52 if if IN 5180 2235 53 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2235 54 means mean VBZ 5180 2235 55 drawing draw VBG 5180 2235 56 the the DT 5180 2235 57 ire ire NN 5180 2235 58 of of IN 5180 2235 59 the the DT 5180 2235 60 community community NN 5180 2235 61 . . . 5180 2236 1 See see VB 5180 2236 2 Bd Bd NNP 5180 2236 3 . . . 5180 2237 1 of of IN 5180 2237 2 Educ Educ NNP 5180 2237 3 . . . 5180 2238 1 v. v. IN 5180 2238 2 Pico Pico NNP 5180 2238 3 , , , 5180 2238 4 457 457 CD 5180 2238 5 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2238 6 853 853 CD 5180 2238 7 , , , 5180 2238 8 915 915 CD 5180 2238 9 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2238 10 1982 1982 CD 5180 2238 11 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2238 12 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2238 13 Rehnquist Rehnquist NNP 5180 2238 14 , , , 5180 2238 15 J. J. NNP 5180 2238 16 , , , 5180 2238 17 dissenting dissent VBG 5180 2238 18 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2238 19 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2238 20 noting note VBG 5180 2238 21 that that IN 5180 2238 22 " " `` 5180 2238 23 public public JJ 5180 2238 24 libraries library NNS 5180 2238 25 " " '' 5180 2238 26 are be VBP 5180 2238 27 " " `` 5180 2238 28 designed design VBN 5180 2238 29 for for IN 5180 2238 30 freewheeling freewheel VBG 5180 2238 31 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 2238 32 " " '' 5180 2238 33 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2238 34 . . . 5180 2239 1 By by IN 5180 2239 2 interfering interfere VBG 5180 2239 3 with with IN 5180 2239 4 public public JJ 5180 2239 5 libraries library NNS 5180 2239 6 ' ' POS 5180 2239 7 discretion discretion NN 5180 2239 8 to to TO 5180 2239 9 make make VB 5180 2239 10 available available JJ 5180 2239 11 to to IN 5180 2239 12 patrons patron NNS 5180 2239 13 as as IN 5180 2239 14 wide wide JJ 5180 2239 15 a a DT 5180 2239 16 range range NN 5180 2239 17 of of IN 5180 2239 18 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2239 19 protected protect VBN 5180 2239 20 speech speech NN 5180 2239 21 as as IN 5180 2239 22 possible possible JJ 5180 2239 23 , , , 5180 2239 24 the the DT 5180 2239 25 federal federal JJ 5180 2239 26 government government NN 5180 2239 27 is be VBZ 5180 2239 28 arguably arguably RB 5180 2239 29 distorting distort VBG 5180 2239 30 the the DT 5180 2239 31 usual usual JJ 5180 2239 32 functioning functioning NN 5180 2239 33 of of IN 5180 2239 34 public public JJ 5180 2239 35 libraries library NNS 5180 2239 36 as as IN 5180 2239 37 places place NNS 5180 2239 38 of of IN 5180 2239 39 freewheeling freewheeling NN 5180 2239 40 inquiry inquiry NN 5180 2239 41 . . . 5180 2240 1 The the DT 5180 2240 2 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2240 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2240 4 , , , 5180 2240 5 in in IN 5180 2240 6 invalidating invalidate VBG 5180 2240 7 the the DT 5180 2240 8 federal federal JJ 5180 2240 9 government government NN 5180 2240 10 's 's POS 5180 2240 11 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2240 12 on on IN 5180 2240 13 the the DT 5180 2240 14 ability ability NN 5180 2240 15 of of IN 5180 2240 16 federally federally RB 5180 2240 17 funded funded JJ 5180 2240 18 legal legal JJ 5180 2240 19 services service NNS 5180 2240 20 providers provider NNS 5180 2240 21 to to TO 5180 2240 22 challenge challenge VB 5180 2240 23 the the DT 5180 2240 24 constitutionality constitutionality NN 5180 2240 25 of of IN 5180 2240 26 welfare welfare NN 5180 2240 27 laws law NNS 5180 2240 28 , , , 5180 2240 29 relied rely VBD 5180 2240 30 on on IN 5180 2240 31 the the DT 5180 2240 32 manner manner NN 5180 2240 33 in in IN 5180 2240 34 which which WDT 5180 2240 35 the the DT 5180 2240 36 restrictions restriction NNS 5180 2240 37 that that WDT 5180 2240 38 the the DT 5180 2240 39 federal federal JJ 5180 2240 40 government government NN 5180 2240 41 placed place VBN 5180 2240 42 on on IN 5180 2240 43 legal legal JJ 5180 2240 44 services service NNS 5180 2240 45 ' ' POS 5180 2240 46 attorneys attorney NNS 5180 2240 47 ' ' POS 5180 2240 48 speech speech NN 5180 2240 49 distorted distort VBD 5180 2240 50 the the DT 5180 2240 51 usual usual JJ 5180 2240 52 functioning functioning NN 5180 2240 53 of of IN 5180 2240 54 the the DT 5180 2240 55 judicial judicial JJ 5180 2240 56 system system NN 5180 2240 57 : : : 5180 2240 58 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2240 59 T]he T]he NNP 5180 2240 60 Government Government NNP 5180 2240 61 seeks seek VBZ 5180 2240 62 to to TO 5180 2240 63 use use VB 5180 2240 64 an an DT 5180 2240 65 existing exist VBG 5180 2240 66 medium medium NN 5180 2240 67 of of IN 5180 2240 68 expression expression NN 5180 2240 69 and and CC 5180 2240 70 to to TO 5180 2240 71 control control VB 5180 2240 72 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2240 73 , , , 5180 2240 74 in in IN 5180 2240 75 a a DT 5180 2240 76 class class NN 5180 2240 77 of of IN 5180 2240 78 cases case NNS 5180 2240 79 , , , 5180 2240 80 in in IN 5180 2240 81 ways way NNS 5180 2240 82 which which WDT 5180 2240 83 distort distort VBP 5180 2240 84 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2240 85 usual usual JJ 5180 2240 86 functioning functioning NN 5180 2240 87 . . . 5180 2241 1 . . . 5180 2242 1 . . . 5180 2243 1 . . . 5180 2244 1 The the DT 5180 2244 2 First First NNP 5180 2244 3 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2244 4 forb[ids forb[ids ADD 5180 2244 5 ] ] -RRB- 5180 2244 6 the the DT 5180 2244 7 Government Government NNP 5180 2244 8 from from IN 5180 2244 9 using use VBG 5180 2244 10 the the DT 5180 2244 11 forum forum NN 5180 2244 12 in in IN 5180 2244 13 an an DT 5180 2244 14 unconventional unconventional JJ 5180 2244 15 way way NN 5180 2244 16 to to TO 5180 2244 17 suppress suppress VB 5180 2244 18 speech speech NN 5180 2244 19 inherent inherent JJ 5180 2244 20 in in IN 5180 2244 21 the the DT 5180 2244 22 nature nature NN 5180 2244 23 of of IN 5180 2244 24 the the DT 5180 2244 25 medium medium NN 5180 2244 26 . . . 5180 2245 1 531 531 CD 5180 2245 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2245 3 at at IN 5180 2245 4 543 543 CD 5180 2245 5 . . . 5180 2246 1 By by IN 5180 2246 2 the the DT 5180 2246 3 same same JJ 5180 2246 4 token token NN 5180 2246 5 , , , 5180 2246 6 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 2246 7 arguably arguably RB 5180 2246 8 distorts distort VBZ 5180 2246 9 the the DT 5180 2246 10 usual usual JJ 5180 2246 11 functioning functioning NN 5180 2246 12 of of IN 5180 2246 13 public public JJ 5180 2246 14 libraries library NNS 5180 2246 15 both both CC 5180 2246 16 by by IN 5180 2246 17 requiring require VBG 5180 2246 18 libraries library NNS 5180 2246 19 to to IN 5180 2246 20 : : : 5180 2246 21 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2246 22 1 1 LS 5180 2246 23 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2246 24 deny deny VB 5180 2246 25 patrons patron NNS 5180 2246 26 access access NN 5180 2246 27 to to IN 5180 2246 28 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2246 29 protected protect VBN 5180 2246 30 speech speech NN 5180 2246 31 that that IN 5180 2246 32 libraries library NNS 5180 2246 33 would would MD 5180 2246 34 otherwise otherwise RB 5180 2246 35 provide provide VB 5180 2246 36 to to IN 5180 2246 37 patrons patron NNS 5180 2246 38 ; ; , 5180 2246 39 and and CC 5180 2246 40 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2246 41 2 2 LS 5180 2246 42 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2246 43 delegate delegate NN 5180 2246 44 decision decision NN 5180 2246 45 making make VBG 5180 2246 46 to to TO 5180 2246 47 private private JJ 5180 2246 48 software software NN 5180 2246 49 developers developer NNS 5180 2246 50 who who WP 5180 2246 51 closely closely RB 5180 2246 52 guard guard VBP 5180 2246 53 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2246 54 selection selection NN 5180 2246 55 criteria criterion NNS 5180 2246 56 as as IN 5180 2246 57 trade trade NN 5180 2246 58 secrets secret NNS 5180 2246 59 and and CC 5180 2246 60 who who WP 5180 2246 61 do do VBP 5180 2246 62 not not RB 5180 2246 63 purport purport VB 5180 2246 64 to to TO 5180 2246 65 make make VB 5180 2246 66 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2246 67 decisions decision NNS 5180 2246 68 on on IN 5180 2246 69 the the DT 5180 2246 70 basis basis NN 5180 2246 71 of of IN 5180 2246 72 whether whether IN 5180 2246 73 the the DT 5180 2246 74 blocked block VBN 5180 2246 75 Web web NN 5180 2246 76 sites site NNS 5180 2246 77 are be VBP 5180 2246 78 constitutionally constitutionally RB 5180 2246 79 protected protect VBN 5180 2246 80 or or CC 5180 2246 81 would would MD 5180 2246 82 add add VB 5180 2246 83 value value NN 5180 2246 84 to to IN 5180 2246 85 a a DT 5180 2246 86 public public JJ 5180 2246 87 library library NN 5180 2246 88 's 's POS 5180 2246 89 collection collection NN 5180 2246 90 . . . 5180 2247 1 At at IN 5180 2247 2 all all DT 5180 2247 3 events event NNS 5180 2247 4 , , , 5180 2247 5 CIPA CIPA VBN 5180 2247 6 clearly clearly RB 5180 2247 7 does do VBZ 5180 2247 8 not not RB 5180 2247 9 seem seem VB 5180 2247 10 to to TO 5180 2247 11 serve serve VB 5180 2247 12 the the DT 5180 2247 13 purpose purpose NN 5180 2247 14 of of IN 5180 2247 15 limiting limit VBG 5180 2247 16 the the DT 5180 2247 17 extent extent NN 5180 2247 18 of of IN 5180 2247 19 government government NN 5180 2247 20 speech speech NN 5180 2247 21 given give VBN 5180 2247 22 the the DT 5180 2247 23 extreme extreme JJ 5180 2247 24 diversity diversity NN 5180 2247 25 of of IN 5180 2247 26 speech speech NN 5180 2247 27 on on IN 5180 2247 28 the the DT 5180 2247 29 Internet internet NN 5180 2247 30 . . . 5180 2248 1 Nor nor CC 5180 2248 2 can can MD 5180 2248 3 Congress Congress NNP 5180 2248 4 's 's POS 5180 2248 5 decision decision NN 5180 2248 6 to to TO 5180 2248 7 subsidize subsidize VB 5180 2248 8 Internet internet NN 5180 2248 9 access access NN 5180 2248 10 be be VB 5180 2248 11 said say VBN 5180 2248 12 to to TO 5180 2248 13 promote promote VB 5180 2248 14 a a DT 5180 2248 15 governmental governmental JJ 5180 2248 16 message message NN 5180 2248 17 or or CC 5180 2248 18 constitute constitute VB 5180 2248 19 governmental governmental JJ 5180 2248 20 speech speech NN 5180 2248 21 , , , 5180 2248 22 even even RB 5180 2248 23 under under IN 5180 2248 24 a a DT 5180 2248 25 generous generous JJ 5180 2248 26 understanding understanding NN 5180 2248 27 of of IN 5180 2248 28 the the DT 5180 2248 29 concept concept NN 5180 2248 30 . . . 5180 2249 1 As as IN 5180 2249 2 the the DT 5180 2249 3 Court Court NNP 5180 2249 4 noted note VBD 5180 2249 5 in in IN 5180 2249 6 Reno Reno NNP 5180 2249 7 v. v. CC 5180 2249 8 ACLU ACLU NNP 5180 2249 9 , , , 5180 2249 10 521 521 CD 5180 2249 11 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2249 12 844 844 CD 5180 2249 13 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2249 14 1997 1997 CD 5180 2249 15 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2249 16 , , , 5180 2249 17 " " '' 5180 2249 18 [ [ -LRB- 5180 2249 19 i]t i]t NN 5180 2249 20 is be VBZ 5180 2249 21 no no DT 5180 2249 22 exaggeration exaggeration NN 5180 2249 23 to to TO 5180 2249 24 conclude conclude VB 5180 2249 25 that that IN 5180 2249 26 the the DT 5180 2249 27 content content NN 5180 2249 28 on on IN 5180 2249 29 the the DT 5180 2249 30 Internet internet NN 5180 2249 31 is be VBZ 5180 2249 32 as as RB 5180 2249 33 diverse diverse JJ 5180 2249 34 as as IN 5180 2249 35 human human JJ 5180 2249 36 thought thought NN 5180 2249 37 . . . 5180 2249 38 " " '' 5180 2250 1 Id. Idaho NNP 5180 2251 1 at at IN 5180 2251 2 852 852 CD 5180 2251 3 ( ( -LRB- 5180 2251 4 internal internal JJ 5180 2251 5 quotation quotation NN 5180 2251 6 marks mark NNS 5180 2251 7 omitted omit VBN 5180 2251 8 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2251 9 . . . 5180 2252 1 Even even RB 5180 2252 2 with with IN 5180 2252 3 software software NN 5180 2252 4 filters filter NNS 5180 2252 5 in in IN 5180 2252 6 place place NN 5180 2252 7 , , , 5180 2252 8 the the DT 5180 2252 9 sheer sheer JJ 5180 2252 10 breadth breadth NN 5180 2252 11 of of IN 5180 2252 12 speech speech NN 5180 2252 13 available available JJ 5180 2252 14 on on IN 5180 2252 15 the the DT 5180 2252 16 Internet internet NN 5180 2252 17 defeats defeat VBZ 5180 2252 18 any any DT 5180 2252 19 claim claim NN 5180 2252 20 that that IN 5180 2252 21 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2252 22 is be VBZ 5180 2252 23 intended intend VBN 5180 2252 24 to to TO 5180 2252 25 facilitate facilitate VB 5180 2252 26 the the DT 5180 2252 27 dissemination dissemination NN 5180 2252 28 of of IN 5180 2252 29 governmental governmental JJ 5180 2252 30 speech speech NN 5180 2252 31 . . . 5180 2253 1 Like like IN 5180 2253 2 in in IN 5180 2253 3 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2253 4 , , , 5180 2253 5 " " '' 5180 2253 6 there there EX 5180 2253 7 is be VBZ 5180 2253 8 no no DT 5180 2253 9 programmatic programmatic JJ 5180 2253 10 message message NN 5180 2253 11 of of IN 5180 2253 12 the the DT 5180 2253 13 kind kind NN 5180 2253 14 recognized recognize VBN 5180 2253 15 in in IN 5180 2253 16 Rust Rust NNP 5180 2253 17 and and CC 5180 2253 18 which which WDT 5180 2253 19 sufficed suffice VBD 5180 2253 20 there there RB 5180 2253 21 to to TO 5180 2253 22 allow allow VB 5180 2253 23 the the DT 5180 2253 24 Government Government NNP 5180 2253 25 to to TO 5180 2253 26 specify specify VB 5180 2253 27 the the DT 5180 2253 28 advice advice NN 5180 2253 29 deemed deem VBN 5180 2253 30 necessary necessary JJ 5180 2253 31 for for IN 5180 2253 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2253 33 legitimate legitimate JJ 5180 2253 34 objectives objective NNS 5180 2253 35 . . . 5180 2253 36 " " '' 5180 2254 1 Velazquez Velazquez NNP 5180 2254 2 , , , 5180 2254 3 531 531 CD 5180 2254 4 U.S. U.S. NNP 5180 2254 5 at at IN 5180 2254 6 548 548 CD 5180 2254 7 . . . 5180 2255 1 In in IN 5180 2255 2 sum sum NN 5180 2255 3 , , , 5180 2255 4 we -PRON- PRP 5180 2255 5 think think VBP 5180 2255 6 that that IN 5180 2255 7 the the DT 5180 2255 8 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2255 9 have have VBP 5180 2255 10 good good JJ 5180 2255 11 arguments argument NNS 5180 2255 12 that that IN 5180 2255 13 they -PRON- PRP 5180 2255 14 may may MD 5180 2255 15 assert assert VB 5180 2255 16 an an DT 5180 2255 17 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2255 18 conditions condition NNS 5180 2255 19 claim claim VBP 5180 2255 20 by by IN 5180 2255 21 relying rely VBG 5180 2255 22 either either CC 5180 2255 23 on on IN 5180 2255 24 the the DT 5180 2255 25 public public JJ 5180 2255 26 libraries library NNS 5180 2255 27 ' ' POS 5180 2255 28 First First NNP 5180 2255 29 Amendment Amendment NNP 5180 2255 30 rights right NNS 5180 2255 31 or or CC 5180 2255 32 on on IN 5180 2255 33 the the DT 5180 2255 34 rights right NNS 5180 2255 35 of of IN 5180 2255 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2255 37 patrons patron NNS 5180 2255 38 . . . 5180 2256 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2256 2 also also RB 5180 2256 3 think think VBP 5180 2256 4 that that IN 5180 2256 5 the the DT 5180 2256 6 plaintiffs plaintiff NNS 5180 2256 7 have have VBP 5180 2256 8 a a DT 5180 2256 9 good good JJ 5180 2256 10 argument argument NN 5180 2256 11 that that IN 5180 2256 12 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2256 13 's 's POS 5180 2256 14 requirement requirement NN 5180 2256 15 that that IN 5180 2256 16 public public JJ 5180 2256 17 libraries library NNS 5180 2256 18 use use VBP 5180 2256 19 filtering filter VBG 5180 2256 20 software software NN 5180 2256 21 distorts distort VBZ 5180 2256 22 the the DT 5180 2256 23 usual usual JJ 5180 2256 24 functioning functioning NN 5180 2256 25 of of IN 5180 2256 26 public public JJ 5180 2256 27 libraries library NNS 5180 2256 28 in in IN 5180 2256 29 such such PDT 5180 2256 30 a a DT 5180 2256 31 way way NN 5180 2256 32 that that WDT 5180 2256 33 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2256 34 constitutes constitute VBZ 5180 2256 35 an an DT 5180 2256 36 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2256 37 condition condition NN 5180 2256 38 on on IN 5180 2256 39 the the DT 5180 2256 40 receipt receipt NN 5180 2256 41 of of IN 5180 2256 42 funds fund NNS 5180 2256 43 . . . 5180 2257 1 We -PRON- PRP 5180 2257 2 do do VBP 5180 2257 3 not not RB 5180 2257 4 decide decide VB 5180 2257 5 these these DT 5180 2257 6 issues issue NNS 5180 2257 7 , , , 5180 2257 8 confident confident JJ 5180 2257 9 that that IN 5180 2257 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2257 11 findings finding NNS 5180 2257 12 of of IN 5180 2257 13 fact fact NN 5180 2257 14 on on IN 5180 2257 15 the the DT 5180 2257 16 functioning functioning NN 5180 2257 17 of of IN 5180 2257 18 public public JJ 5180 2257 19 libraries library NNS 5180 2257 20 , , , 5180 2257 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 5180 2257 22 use use NN 5180 2257 23 of of IN 5180 2257 24 the the DT 5180 2257 25 Internet internet NN 5180 2257 26 , , , 5180 2257 27 and and CC 5180 2257 28 the the DT 5180 2257 29 technological technological JJ 5180 2257 30 limitations limitation NNS 5180 2257 31 of of IN 5180 2257 32 Internet internet NN 5180 2257 33 filtering filter VBG 5180 2257 34 software software NN 5180 2257 35 , , , 5180 2257 36 see see VB 5180 2257 37 supra supra NNP 5180 2257 38 Sections Sections NNPS 5180 2257 39 II.D ii.d NN 5180 2257 40 - - HYPH 5180 2257 41 E e NN 5180 2257 42 , , , 5180 2257 43 would would MD 5180 2257 44 allow allow VB 5180 2257 45 the the DT 5180 2257 46 Supreme Supreme NNP 5180 2257 47 Court Court NNP 5180 2257 48 to to TO 5180 2257 49 decide decide VB 5180 2257 50 the the DT 5180 2257 51 unconstitutional unconstitutional JJ 5180 2257 52 conditions condition NNS 5180 2257 53 claim claim VBP 5180 2257 54 if if IN 5180 2257 55 the the DT 5180 2257 56 Court Court NNP 5180 2257 57 deems deem VBZ 5180 2257 58 it -PRON- PRP 5180 2257 59 necessary necessary JJ 5180 2257 60 . . . 5180 2258 1 CIPA CIPA NNP 5180 2258 2 Sec Sec NNP 5180 2258 3 . . . 5180 2259 1 1712(a)(2 1712(a)(2 LS 5180 2259 2 ) ) -RRB- 5180 2259 3 contains contain VBZ 5180 2259 4 a a DT 5180 2259 5 provision provision NN 5180 2259 6 titled title VBN 5180 2259 7 " " `` 5180 2259 8 Separability Separability NNP 5180 2259 9 , , , 5180 2259 10 " " '' 5180 2259 11 which which WDT 5180 2259 12 is be VBZ 5180 2259 13 codified codify VBN 5180 2259 14 in in IN 5180 2259 15 the the DT 5180 2259 16 Library Library NNP 5180 2259 17 Services Services NNPS 5180 2259 18 and and CC 5180 2259 19 Technology Technology NNP 5180 2259 20 Act Act NNP 5180 2259 21 , , , 5180 2259 22 20 20 CD 5180 2259 23 U.S.C. 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