id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-017149-cegevjw8	Gassmann, Oliver	The Internationalization Challenge: Where to Access Innovation	2018-05-11		.txt	text/plain	6259	304	49	Only in recent years, starting in the mid-1990s, increased competition from within and outside their industries forced companies from large countries to source technological knowledge on a global scale. As a result, the top pharmaceutical companies today have R&D locations in all major markets, not just for the coordination of local clinical development projects but also for discovery research. A study of 9452 R&D sites across various industries (including automotive, engineering, electrical, IT, software, food, chemical and pharmaceutical companies) produced the following overall results concerning international R&D locations (see also von Zedtwitz and Gassmann 2016): As a result, pharma companies started to invest more strategically in R&D in China, in the expectation to access the natural resource base in China, and to tap into an increasingly large body of medical researchers and pharmaceutical scientists. AstraZeneca doubled down on its 2003 start in clinical research in China and in 2007 added a US$100 million investment in its new AstraZeneca Innovation Center in Shanghai.	./cache/cord-017149-cegevjw8.txt	./txt/cord-017149-cegevjw8.txt