id sid tid token lemma pos cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 1 key key JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 2 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 3 cord-318495 cord-318495 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 5 1w74wf02 1w74wf02 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 6 authors author NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 7 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 8 Vignuzzi Vignuzzi NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 10 Marco Marco NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 11 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 12 López López NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 14 Carolina Carolina NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 15 B. B. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 16 title title NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 1 17 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 2 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 3 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 4 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 5 key key JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 6 drivers driver NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 10 – – : cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 11 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 12 interaction interaction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 13 date date NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 14 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 15 2019 2019 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 16 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 17 06 06 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 18 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 19 03 03 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 20 journal journal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 2 21 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 1 Nat Nat NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 2 Microbiol Microbiol NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 4 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 5 10.1038 10.1038 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 6 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 7 s41564 s41564 NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 9 019 019 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 3 11 0465-y 0465-y NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 4 1 sha sha NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 4 2 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 1 f6f50fdeb1926817fd6a4249af10a46af8539caf f6f50fdeb1926817fd6a4249af10a46af8539caf NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 3 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 4 318495 318495 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 5 cord_uid cord_uid FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 5 6 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 1 1w74wf02 1w74wf02 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 2 Viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 3 survive survive VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 4 often often RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 5 harsh harsh JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 6 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 7 environments environment NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 9 yet yet CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 11 know know VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 12 little little JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 13 about about IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 15 strategies strategy NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 17 utilize utilize VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 18 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 19 adapt adapt VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 21 subsist subsist VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 22 given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 24 limited limited JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 25 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 26 resources resource NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 6 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 3 beginning begin VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 4 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 5 appreciate appreciate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 7 surprising surprising JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 8 versatility versatility NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 11 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 13 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 14 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 15 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 16 competent competent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 18 -defective -defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 20 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 21 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 22 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 23 means mean NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 24 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 25 adaptation adaptation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 26 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 27 immune immune JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 28 escape escape NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 30 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 31 perpetuation perpetuation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 7 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 2 Review Review NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 3 summarizes summarize VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 4 current current JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 5 knowledge knowledge NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 8 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 10 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 11 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 12 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 13 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 14 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 16 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 19 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 22 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 23 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 24 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 25 carry carry VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 26 out out RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 8 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 2 highlight highlight VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 4 universality universality NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 6 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 8 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 9 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 10 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 11 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 12 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 14 discuss discuss VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 16 predicted predict VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 17 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 19 maintaining maintain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 20 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 21 fit fit JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 22 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 23 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 24 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 25 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 26 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 27 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 28 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 30 animal animal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 31 health health NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 33 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 34 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 35 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 36 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 37 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 38 harnessed harness VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 39 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 40 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 41 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 9 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 1 V V NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 2 iruses iruse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 3 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 4 remarkably remarkably RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 5 resilient resilient JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 7 able able JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 8 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 9 adapt adapt VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 11 survive survive VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 14 complex complex JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 15 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 16 physiological physiological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 18 immune immune JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 19 environment environment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 10 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 1 Accumulating accumulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 2 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 5 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 6 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 7 generate generate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 8 modified modified JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 9 forms form NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 12 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 13 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 14 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 15 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 16 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 17 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 18 adapt adapt VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 19 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 20 environmental environmental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 21 challenges challenge NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 11 22 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 3 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 4 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 5 encodes encode VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 6 all all PDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 9 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 10 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 11 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 12 sustaining sustain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 14 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 17 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 18 contain contain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 19 random random JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 20 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 21 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 22 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 23 serve serve VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 24 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 25 enhance enhance VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 26 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 27 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 28 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 29 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 30 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 31 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 32 adapt adapt VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 33 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 34 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 35 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 36 1 1 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 12 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 5 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 6 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 8 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 11 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 12 expanding expand VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 13 family family NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 15 sub sub JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 16 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 17 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 18 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 20 Box Box NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 21 1 1 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 23 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 24 result result VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 25 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 26 either either DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 27 small small JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 28 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 29 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 30 drastic drastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 31 truncations truncation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 32 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 33 modifications modification NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 34 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 35 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 36 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 37 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 38 render render VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 39 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 40 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 41 unable unable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 42 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 43 complete complete VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 44 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 45 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 46 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 47 cycle cycle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 48 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 49 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 50 absence absence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 51 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 52 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 53 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 54 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 55 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 56 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 57 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 58 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 59 complement complement VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 60 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 61 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 62 lost lose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 13 63 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 2 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 3 identified identify VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 4 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 5 Preben Preben NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 6 Von Von NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 7 Magnus Magnus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 10 late late JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 11 1940s 1940 NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 12 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 13 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 14 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 15 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 16 able able JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 17 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 18 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 19 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 21 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 24 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 25 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 26 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 28 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 14 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 1 More More JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 2 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 3 two two CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 4 decades decade NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 5 after after IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 7 discovery discovery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 9 Alice Alice NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 10 Huang Huang NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 12 David David NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 13 Baltimore Baltimore NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 14 coined coin VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 16 term term NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 17 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 18 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 20 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 22 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 23 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 24 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 25 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 26 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 27 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 28 define define VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 29 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 30 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 31 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 32 contain contain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 33 normal normal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 34 structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 35 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 36 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 37 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 38 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 39 part part NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 40 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 41 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 42 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 43 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 15 44 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 5 stipulated stipulate VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 7 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 8 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 9 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 10 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 12 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 13 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 15 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 18 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 20 interfere interfere VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 21 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 23 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 24 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 26 non non JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 27 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 28 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 29 homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 30 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 31 3 3 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 16 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 1 Huang Huang NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 2 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 3 Baltimore Baltimore NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 4 theorized theorize VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 5 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 6 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 7 play play VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 8 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 9 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 10 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 12 determining determine VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 14 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 17 15 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 1 Follow follow VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 3 up up RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 4 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 5 using use VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 6 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 7 grown grow VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 8 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 9 contain contain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 10 either either CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 12 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 13 content content NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 15 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 17 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 18 depleted deplete VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 20 them -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 22 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 23 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 24 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 25 reduced reduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 26 virulence virulence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 27 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 28 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 29 4 4 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 30 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 31 5 5 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 33 induced induce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 34 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 35 levels level NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 37 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 39 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 41 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 42 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 43 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 44 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 46 6 6 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 49 7 7 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 52 8 8 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 54 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 55 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 56 promoted promote VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 57 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 58 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 59 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 60 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 61 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 62 9 9 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 63 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 64 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 65 10 10 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 66 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 67 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 68 11 11 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 69 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 70 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 71 12 12 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 72 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 73 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 74 13 13 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 18 75 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 19 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 19 2 14 14 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 19 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 2 15 15 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 5 16 16 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 9 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 10 17 17 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 12 18 18 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 20 13 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 3 despite despite IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 4 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 5 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 6 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 8 important important JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 9 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 12 lack lack NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 14 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 15 technology technology NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 16 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 17 identify identify VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 18 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 19 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 20 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 21 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 22 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 23 led lead VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 24 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 26 widespread widespread JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 27 belief belief NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 28 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 29 DIPs dip VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 30 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 32 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 33 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 34 largely largely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 35 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 36 product product NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 37 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 38 in in FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 39 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 40 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 41 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 42 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 43 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 44 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 45 relevant relevant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 46 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 47 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 48 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 49 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 50 19 19 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 51 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 52 20 20 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 21 53 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 1 By by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 3 late late JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 4 1990s 1990 NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 7 study study NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 10 had have VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 11 slowed slow VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 12 down down RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 13 drastically drastically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 15 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 16 limited limit VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 17 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 19 use use NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 20 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 21 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 22 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 23 studying study VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 24 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 25 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 26 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 27 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 28 potential potential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 29 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 22 30 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 1 Today today NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 3 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 4 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 5 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 6 described describe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 8 most most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 10 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 12 Table table NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 13 1 1 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 16 technological technological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 17 advances advance NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 18 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 19 contributed contribute VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 20 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 21 establishing establish VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 23 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 24 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 25 de de FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 26 facto facto FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 27 danger danger NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 28 signals signal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 29 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 30 triggering trigger VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 31 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 32 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 33 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 34 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 35 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 36 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 23 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 5 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 6 beginning begin VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 7 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 8 appreciate appreciate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 10 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 11 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 12 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 14 outcome outcome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 16 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 17 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 19 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 21 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 23 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 24 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 4 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 5 witnessing witness VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 6 rapid rapid JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 7 advancements advancement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 10 understanding understanding NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 12 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 13 molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 14 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 15 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 16 regulate regulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 18 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 20 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 21 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 22 those those DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 23 explaining explain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 25 paradoxical paradoxical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 26 roles role NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 27 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 28 promoting promote VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 29 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 30 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 31 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 32 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 33 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 25 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 1 Here here RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 4 review review VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 5 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 6 accumulated accumulate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 7 over over IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 8 more more JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 9 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 10 half half PDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 12 century century NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 14 observations observation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 15 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 16 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 17 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 19 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 20 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 22 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 23 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 26 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 2 highlight highlight VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 3 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 4 advances advance NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 5 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 6 illustrate illustrate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 8 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 9 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 10 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 11 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 12 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 14 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 15 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 16 both both CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 17 acute acute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 19 long long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 20 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 21 term term NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 22 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 23 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 24 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 25 interactions interaction NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 27 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 1 See see VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 2 Box Box NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 3 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 5 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 6 glossary glossary NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 8 relevant relevant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 9 terms term NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 28 10 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 1 Different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 2 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 4 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 5 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 6 defined define VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 7 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 9 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 11 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 12 alterations alteration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 13 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 29 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 1 Next next JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 2 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 3 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 5 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 7 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 8 revealed reveal VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 9 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 10 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 11 variety variety NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 13 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 14 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 15 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 16 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 17 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 18 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 21 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 22 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 23 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 24 begun begin VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 25 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 26 elucidate elucidate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 27 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 28 distinct distinct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 29 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 31 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 32 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 33 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 30 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 1 Point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 2 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 4 hypermutations hypermutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 6 frame frame NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 7 shifts shift NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 31 8 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 3 first first JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 4 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 5 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 6 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 7 identified identify VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 8 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 9 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 10 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 12 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 13 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 14 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 15 fulllength fulllength NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 17 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 18 lacked lack VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 19 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 20 parts part NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 23 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 25 21 21 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 28 22 22 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 31 23 23 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 32 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 33 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 33 2 24 24 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 33 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 2 25 25 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 5 there there EX cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 6 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 7 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 8 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 10 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 11 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 12 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 13 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 14 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 15 involve involve VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 16 drastic drastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 17 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 18 alterations alteration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 34 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 1 Point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 2 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 5 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 6 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 7 result result VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 9 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 10 alterations alteration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 11 because because IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 14 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 15 constrained constrained JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 16 nature nature NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 19 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 20 organization organization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 35 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 3 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 4 majority majority NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 6 randomly randomly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 7 introduced introduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 8 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 9 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 10 either either RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 11 lethal lethal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 12 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 13 confer confer VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 14 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 15 significant significant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 16 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 17 cost cost NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 19 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 20 observed observe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 21 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 22 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 23 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 26 VSV VSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 28 26 26 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 30 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 31 27 27 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 32 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 33 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 34 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 35 28 28 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 36 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 3 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 4 inherently inherently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 5 understood understand VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 7 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 8 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 9 give give VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 10 rise rise NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 11 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 12 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 13 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 15 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 16 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 17 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 18 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 19 historically historically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 20 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 21 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 22 considered consider VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 23 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 37 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 2 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 3 harbouring harbour VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 5 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 6 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 8 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 9 structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 10 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 11 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 12 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 14 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 15 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 16 assemble assemble VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 17 properly properly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 18 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 19 while while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 20 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 21 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 22 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 23 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 25 replicase replicase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 26 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 27 yield yield VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 28 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 29 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 30 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 31 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 32 produce produce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 33 proper proper JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 34 structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 35 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 36 assembly assembly NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 37 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 38 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 39 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 40 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 41 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 42 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 38 43 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 1 Either either CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 3 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 4 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 5 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 6 potentially potentially RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 7 hijack hijack VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 9 lacking lacking NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 10 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 11 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 14 thus thus RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 16 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 17 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 19 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 20 fulllength fulllength NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 21 co co NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 22 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 23 infecting infect VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 39 25 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 3 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 4 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 5 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 6 rates rate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 7 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 8 increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 9 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 10 perturb perturb VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 12 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 13 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 14 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 15 viability viability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 16 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 17 non non JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 18 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 19 viability viability JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 20 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 21 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 22 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 24 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 25 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 26 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 27 appear appear VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 28 prior prior RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 29 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 30 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 31 Marco Marco NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 32 Vignuzzi Vignuzzi NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 33 1 1 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 34 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 35 Carolina Carolina NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 36 B. B. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 37 López López NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 40 38 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 1 * * NFP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 2 Viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 3 survive survive VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 4 often often RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 5 harsh harsh JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 6 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 7 environments environment NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 9 yet yet CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 11 know know VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 12 little little JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 13 about about IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 15 strategies strategy NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 17 utilize utilize VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 18 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 19 adapt adapt VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 41 21 subsist subsist VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 1 given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 3 limited limited JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 4 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 5 resources resource NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 42 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 3 beginning begin VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 4 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 5 appreciate appreciate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 7 surprising surprising JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 8 versatility versatility NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 11 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 13 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 14 replicationcompetent replicationcompetent NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 16 -defective -defective : cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 18 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 19 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 20 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 21 means mean NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 22 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 23 adaptation adaptation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 24 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 25 immune immune JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 26 escape escape NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 29 perpetuation perpetuation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 43 30 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 2 Review Review NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 3 summarizes summarize VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 4 current current JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 5 knowledge knowledge NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 8 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 10 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 11 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 12 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 13 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 14 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 16 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 19 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 22 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 23 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 24 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 25 carry carry VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 26 out out RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 44 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 2 highlight highlight VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 4 universality universality NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 6 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 8 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 9 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 10 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 11 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 12 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 14 discuss discuss VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 16 predicted predict VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 17 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 19 maintaining maintain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 20 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 21 fit fit JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 22 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 23 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 24 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 25 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 26 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 27 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 28 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 30 animal animal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 31 health health NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 33 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 34 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 35 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 36 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 37 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 38 harnessed harness VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 39 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 40 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 41 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 45 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 46 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 46 2 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 46 3 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 46 4 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 46 5 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 1 Historically historically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 4 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 5 thought think VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 7 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 8 certain certain JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 9 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 10 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 11 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 13 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 14 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 15 one one CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 16 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 17 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 18 few few JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 19 distinct distinct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 20 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 21 existed exist VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 22 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 23 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 24 given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 25 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 47 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 1 Most Most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 2 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 3 originally originally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 4 relied rely VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 5 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 6 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 7 multiplicity multiplicity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 9 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 11 MOI MOI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 13 passaging passaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 14 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 15 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 16 favoured favour VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 18 emergence emergence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 20 larger large JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 21 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 24 thus thus RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 26 smaller small JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 27 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 29 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 30 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 31 rapidly rapidly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 32 outcompete outcompete VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 33 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 34 longer long RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 35 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 36 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 37 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 38 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 39 owing owe VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 40 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 41 reduced reduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 42 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 43 times time NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 48 44 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 3 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 4 works work NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 5 relied rely VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 6 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 7 methods method NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 8 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 9 low low JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 10 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 12 detection detection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 14 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 15 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 16 visualization visualization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 18 purification purification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 19 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 20 agarose agarose JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 21 gels gel NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 23 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 24 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 25 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 26 isolate isolate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 27 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 28 most most RBS cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 29 abundant abundant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 30 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 49 31 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 3 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 5 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 8 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 10 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 12 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 13 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 14 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 15 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 16 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 17 reported report VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 18 since since IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 20 1980s 1980s CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 21 45 45 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 23 47 47 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 50 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 2 now now RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 3 know know VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 5 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 7 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 8 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 9 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 10 much much RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 11 larger large JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 12 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 13 initially initially RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 14 appreciated appreciate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 16 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 17 certain certain JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 18 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 19 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 20 better well JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 21 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 22 others other NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 23 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 24 reaching reach VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 25 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 26 abundance abundance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 28 likely likely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 29 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 30 retaining retain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 31 certain certain JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 32 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 33 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 34 confer confer VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 35 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 36 advantage advantage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 37 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 38 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 39 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 40 signals signal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 41 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 42 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 43 elements element NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 44 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 45 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 46 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 47 acquiring acquire VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 48 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 49 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 50 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 51 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 52 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 53 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 54 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 55 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 56 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 57 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 51 58 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 1 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 2 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 3 revealed reveal VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 5 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 6 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 7 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 9 virtually virtually RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 10 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 12 every every DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 14 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 17 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 19 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 21 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 22 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 23 immense immense JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 24 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 25 however however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 26 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 27 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 28 relative relative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 29 abundance abundance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 31 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 32 given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 33 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 34 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 35 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 36 varies vary VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 37 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 38 likely likely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 39 indicating indicate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 40 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 41 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 42 variety variety NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 43 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 44 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 45 drive drive VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 46 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 47 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 48 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 49 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 52 50 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 2 use use NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 4 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 5 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 6 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 7 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 8 technology technology NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 9 will will MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 10 allow allow VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 11 precise precise JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 12 quantification quantification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 15 frequency frequency NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 17 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 19 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 20 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 21 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 22 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 23 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 24 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 25 will will MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 26 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 27 data datum NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 28 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 29 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 30 distribution distribution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 31 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 32 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 33 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 34 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 35 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 36 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 37 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 53 38 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 1 Since since IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 2 most most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 3 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 4 alignment alignment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 5 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 6 filter filter VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 7 out out RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 8 reads read NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 9 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 10 more more JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 11 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 12 two two CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 13 mismatches mismatch NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 15 reads read VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 16 corresponding correspond VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 17 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 18 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 19 breakpoints breakpoint NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 20 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 21 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 22 junctions junction NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 23 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 24 rejected reject VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 25 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 26 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 27 typical typical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 29 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 30 alignment alignment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 54 31 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 2 re re NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 3 - - NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 4 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 6 rejected reject VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 7 reads read NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 8 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 9 identify identify VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 10 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 11 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 12 hallmarks hallmark NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 55 13 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 1 With with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 2 growing grow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 3 interest interest NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 5 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 6 neglected neglected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 7 part part NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 11 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 13 informatics informatics NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 14 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 15 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 16 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 17 ViReMa ViReMa NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 18 48 48 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 20 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 21 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 22 tector tector NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 23 49 49 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 24 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 25 VODKA vodka NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 26 50 50 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 27 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 28 emerging emerge VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 56 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 2 tools tool NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 3 re re VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 4 - - VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 5 examine examine VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 6 reads read NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 7 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 8 potentially potentially RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 9 harbour harbour VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 10 jumbled jumbled JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 12 rearranged rearrange VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 14 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 16 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 17 enabled enable VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 18 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 19 broader broad JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 20 appreciation appreciation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 22 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 23 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 57 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 2 current current JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 3 challenge challenge NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 5 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 6 data data NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 7 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 8 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 9 determine determine VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 10 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 11 best good JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 12 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 13 differentiate differentiate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 14 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 15 true true JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 16 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 18 background background NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 19 error error NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 21 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 23 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 24 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 25 quantify quantify VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 26 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 27 relative relative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 28 abundance abundance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 30 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 31 given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 32 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 33 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 34 respect respect NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 35 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 36 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 37 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 58 38 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 3 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 4 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 6 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 7 growing grow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 8 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 11 particle particle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 12 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 14 sub sub JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 15 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 17 agents agent NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 18 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 19 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 20 discovered discover VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 21 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 22 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 24 plants plant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 26 arthropods arthropod NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 28 mammals mammal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 59 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 2 include include VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 3 viroids viroid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 5 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 6 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 8 virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 11 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 12 like like JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 13 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 14 vesicles vesicle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 16 VLVs VLVs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 60 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 2 definition definition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 4 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 5 entities entity NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 6 seems seem VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 8 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 9 times time NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 11 blurry blurry JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 13 due due IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 14 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 16 largely largely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 17 intersecting intersecting JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 18 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 61 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 2 general general JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 4 sub sub JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 5 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 6 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 7 agents agent NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 9 similar similar JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 10 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 11 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 13 depend depend VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 14 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 15 complementation complementation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 16 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 18 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 20 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 21 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 23 spread spread VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 62 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 3 differences difference NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 6 requirements requirement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 7 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 8 complementation complementation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 10 target target NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 13 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 14 identity identity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 15 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 17 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 18 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 19 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 20 used use VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 21 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 22 sub sub VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 23 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 24 classify classify VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 25 them -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 63 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 1 Here here RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 4 provide provide VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 5 current current JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 6 definitions definition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 8 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 9 sub sub JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 10 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 11 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 12 entities entity NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 14 highlight highlight VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 15 those those DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 16 aspects aspect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 17 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 18 differentiate differentiate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 19 them -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 20 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 21 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 24 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 64 25 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 1 Satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 2 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 3 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 4 originally originally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 5 described describe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 7 plant plant NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 8 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 9 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 10 linear linear JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 12 circular circular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 13 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 15 200 200 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 16 - - SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 17 1,800 1,800 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 18 nt nt RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 19 long long RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 21 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 22 require require VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 23 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 24 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 25 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 26 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 27 propagate propagate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 28 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 29 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 30 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 31 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 32 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 33 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 34 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 35 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 36 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 65 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 1 Satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 2 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 3 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 4 generally generally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 5 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 6 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 8 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 11 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 14 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 15 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 16 exceptions exception NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 17 192 192 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 19 193 193 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 66 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 1 Satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 2 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 3 differ differ VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 4 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 5 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 6 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 8 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 9 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 10 encode encode VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 12 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 13 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 14 packages package VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 16 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 18 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 19 virions virion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 67 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 1 Satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 2 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 3 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 4 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 5 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 7 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 10 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 13 either either CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 14 attenuate attenuate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 15 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 16 exacerbate exacerbate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 17 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 68 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 1 An an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 2 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 5 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 7 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 9 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 10 tobacco tobacco NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 11 necrosis necrosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 13 194 194 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 69 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 2 positive positive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 4 sense sense NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 6 singlestranded singlestranded NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 8 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 10 suppresses suppress VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 12 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 15 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 18 ameliorates ameliorate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 19 tobacco tobacco NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 20 necrosis necrosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 22 symptoms symptom VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 23 195 195 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 70 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 1 Viroids viroid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 2 differ differ VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 3 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 4 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 5 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 7 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 8 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 9 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 10 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 11 encode encode VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 12 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 13 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 15 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 16 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 17 require require VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 18 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 20 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 21 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 24 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 25 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 26 encapsidated encapsidate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 71 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 1 Viroids Viroids NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 2 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 3 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 4 circular circular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 6 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 8 200 200 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 9 - - SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 10 400 400 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 11 nt nt RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 12 long long RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 14 that that DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 15 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 16 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 17 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 19 structured structured JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 20 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 21 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 22 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 23 adapted adapt VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 24 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 25 carry carry VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 26 out out RP cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 28 complete complete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 29 life life NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 30 cycle cycle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 31 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 32 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 33 result result NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 34 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 35 interactions interaction NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 36 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 37 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 38 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 39 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 40 machinery machinery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 41 196 196 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 42 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 43 197 197 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 72 44 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 1 Virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 3 15 15 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 4 - - SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 5 30 30 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 6 kbp kbp NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 7 long long RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 8 dsDNA dsdna RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 9 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 10 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 11 normally normally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 12 produce produce VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 13 icosahedral icosahedral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 14 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 16 parasitize parasitize VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 17 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 18 giant giant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 19 dsDNA dsdna JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 20 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 22 mimiviruses mimiviruse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 24 others other NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 26 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 27 propagation propagation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 73 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 1 Virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 2 infect infect VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 4 giant giant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 6 factory factory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 8 thereby thereby RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 9 harming harm VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 11 giant giant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 13 198 198 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 74 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 2 first first JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 3 virophage virophage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 4 discovered discover VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 6 Sputnik Sputnik NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 8 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 9 found find VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 10 together together RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 11 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 12 Acanthamoeba Acanthamoeba NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 13 castellanii castellanii NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 14 mamavirus mamavirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 16 interferes interfere VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 17 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 19 propagation propagation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 20 199 199 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 75 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 1 Several several JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 2 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 3 virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 5 as as RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 6 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 7 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 8 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 9 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 10 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 12 virophage virophage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 13 candidates candidate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 15 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 16 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 17 identified identify VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 18 since since IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 19 then then RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 20 195 195 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 22 198 198 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 23 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 24 200 200 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 76 25 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 1 Recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 2 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 3 show show VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 5 virophages virophages NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 6 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 7 resemble resemble VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 8 bona bona JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 9 fide fide JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 10 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 11 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 12 201 201 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 15 reclassification reclassification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 16 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 18 own own JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 19 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 20 family family NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 21 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 22 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 23 proposed propose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 24 195 195 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 77 25 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 1 VLVs VLVs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 3 produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 4 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 5 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 6 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 10 contrast contrast NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 11 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 12 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 13 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 14 vesicles vesicle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 16 contain contain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 17 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 18 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 19 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 20 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 21 acids acid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 22 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 23 lack lack NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 24 capsid capsid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 25 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 26 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 27 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 28 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 30 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 31 therefore therefore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 33 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 34 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 35 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 78 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 1 VLVs VLVs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 2 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 3 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 4 described describe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 6 both both DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 8 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 9 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 10 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 12 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 13 herpes herpes NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 14 simplex simplex NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 15 virus-1 virus-1 NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 17 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 18 C c NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 21 Kaposi Kaposi NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 22 's 's POS cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 23 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 25 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 26 herpes herpes NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 79 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 1 VLVs VLVs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 2 play play VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 3 functional functional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 4 roles role NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 5 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 6 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 7 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 9 facilitating facilitate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 10 communication communication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 11 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 12 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 14 enhancing enhance VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 15 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 16 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 18 202 202 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 21 203 203 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 80 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 81 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 81 2 204 204 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 81 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 81 4 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 1 Continued continue VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 2 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 4 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 5 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 6 best good JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 7 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 8 normalize normalize VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 9 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 10 samples sample NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 12 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 13 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 14 runs run NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 15 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 16 problems problem NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 17 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 18 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 19 similar similar JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 20 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 21 transcriptome transcriptome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 22 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 24 genetic genetic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 25 isoforms isoform NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 82 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 3 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 4 increasing increase VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 5 data datum NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 6 sets set NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 8 samples sample NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 11 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 12 becoming become VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 13 evident evident JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 14 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 15 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 16 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 17 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 18 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 19 necessarily necessarily RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 21 same same JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 22 if if IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 23 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 25 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 26 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 28 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 29 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 30 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 31 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 32 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 33 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 34 dictating dictate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 35 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 36 differences difference NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 37 remain remain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 38 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 39 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 40 uncovered uncover VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 83 41 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 2 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 3 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 4 long long RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 5 considered consider VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 7 result result NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 9 stochastic stochastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 10 mistakes mistake NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 11 introduced introduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 12 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 14 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 16 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 17 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 18 lacks lack VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 19 proofreading proofread VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 20 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 84 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 3 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 4 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 5 suggests suggest VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 7 additional additional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 8 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 9 control control VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 10 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 11 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 13 opening open VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 15 possibility possibility NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 17 manipulating manipulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 19 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 20 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 21 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 22 purposes purpose NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 85 23 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 1 Random random JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 2 products product NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 3 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 4 encoded encode VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 7 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 8 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 86 9 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 3 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 4 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 5 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 6 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 7 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 10 molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 11 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 12 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 13 govern govern VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 15 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 16 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 17 poorly poorly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 18 understood understand VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 87 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 2 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 3 theory theory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 4 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 5 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 6 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 7 arise arise VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 8 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 9 random random JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 10 errors error NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 11 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 12 occur occur VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 13 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 14 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 15 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 16 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 17 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 18 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 19 titers titer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 20 due due JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 21 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 23 combination combination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 26 lack lack NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 28 proofreading proofread VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 29 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 31 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 32 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 33 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 34 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 35 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 36 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 37 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 38 lower low JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 39 fidelity fidelity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 40 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 41 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 42 favour favour VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 43 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 44 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 45 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 46 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 88 47 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 2 support support NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 4 analyses analysis NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 5 using use VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 6 deep deep JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 7 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 8 approaches approach NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 10 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 12 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 15 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 16 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 17 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 18 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 89 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 1 For for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 2 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 5 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 6 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 7 Flock Flock NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 8 house house NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 12 positive positive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 13 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 14 sense sense NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 16 ps)RNA ps)rna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 19 ClickSeq ClickSeq NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 21 nanopore nanopore NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 22 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 23 identified identify VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 24 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 25 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 26 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 27 seemingly seemingly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 28 random random JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 29 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 31 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 32 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 33 early early RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 34 after after IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 35 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 36 48 48 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 90 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 4 sequencing sequence VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 5 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 7 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 8 samples sample NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 9 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 10 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 13 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 14 humans human NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 15 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 16 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 18 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 19 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 20 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 21 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 22 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 23 measles measles NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 26 MeV MeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 28 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 29 multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 30 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 31 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 32 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 33 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 34 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 36 51 51 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 39 52 52 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 42 53 53 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 91 44 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 3 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 4 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 5 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 7 point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 8 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 11 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 13 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 15 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 16 frequently frequently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 17 found find VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 19 discrete discrete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 20 dominant dominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 21 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 23 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 24 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 25 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 26 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 27 tissue tissue NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 28 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 92 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 93 1 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 93 2 same same JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 93 3 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 93 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 93 5 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 2 seems seem VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 3 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 4 arise arise VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 6 independent independent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 7 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 8 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 10 same same JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 11 parental parental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 13 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 15 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 16 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 17 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 18 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 19 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 20 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 22 strains strain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 23 56 56 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 94 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 2 demonstration demonstration NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 4 hotspots hotspot NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 5 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 7 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 9 copyback copyback NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 10 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 11 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 13 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 14 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 16 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 20 identification identification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 22 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 23 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 24 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 25 determine determine VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 26 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 27 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 28 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 29 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 30 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 31 rejoin rejoin VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 32 further further RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 33 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 34 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 35 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 36 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 37 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 38 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 39 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 40 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 41 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 42 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 43 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 44 completely completely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 45 random random JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 46 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 47 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 48 instead instead RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 49 that that DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 50 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 51 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 52 encoded encode VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 53 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 54 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 55 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 56 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 57 direct direct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 58 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 59 facilitate facilitate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 60 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 61 formation formation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 62 50 50 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 63 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 64 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 65 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 66 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 67 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 68 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 69 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 70 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 71 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 72 completely completely RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 73 stochastic stochastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 74 process process NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 75 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 76 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 77 instead instead RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 78 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 79 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 80 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 81 encoded encode VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 82 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 83 favour favour VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 84 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 85 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 86 and/or and/or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 87 amplification amplification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 88 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 89 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 90 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 95 91 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 2 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 3 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 4 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 5 determined determine VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 6 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 7 conservation conservation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 8 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 9 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 10 property property NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 12 certain certain JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 13 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 14 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 16 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 17 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 96 18 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 97 1 and/or and/or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 2 structures structure NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 3 lead lead VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 4 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 5 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 6 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 8 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 9 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 98 10 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 2 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 4 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 5 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 6 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 7 implicated implicate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 10 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 15 best well RBS cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 16 studied study VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 17 being be VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 19 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 20 RdRP rdrp NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 99 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 1 Engineered engineer VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 2 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 3 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 5 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 6 decreased decreased JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 7 fidelity fidelity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 8 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 9 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 10 increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 11 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 12 rate rate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 13 produce produce VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 14 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 15 attenuated attenuate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 16 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 17 60 60 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 19 61 61 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 20 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 23 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 24 instances instance NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 26 correlate correlate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 27 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 28 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 29 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 31 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 32 62 62 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 33 - - SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 100 34 65 65 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 3 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 4 2a 2a CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 101 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 1 Although although IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 4 mediating mediate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 5 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 6 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 7 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 8 mutant mutant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 9 RdRP RdRP NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 10 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 11 speculative speculative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 14 few few JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 15 models model NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 16 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 17 emerging emerge VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 102 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 1 For for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 2 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 5 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 6 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 7 low low JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 9 fidelity fidelity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 10 RdRP rdrp NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 12 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 13 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 14 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 16 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 17 tombusvirus tombusvirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 19 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 20 increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 21 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 23 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 24 correlates correlate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 25 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 26 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 27 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 28 rate rate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 30 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 32 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 33 63 63 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 34 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 35 65 65 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 103 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 4 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 5 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 7 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 9 variations variation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 10 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 12 elongation elongation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 13 capacity capacity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 16 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 17 associate associate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 18 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 19 differential differential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 20 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 22 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 23 64 64 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 104 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 2 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 3 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 5 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 6 multimerization multimerization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 7 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 8 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 9 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 10 recently recently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 11 proposed propose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 12 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 14 driver driver NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 16 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 17 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 18 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 19 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 20 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 21 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 22 62 62 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 105 23 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 2 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 3 implicated implicate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 6 regulation regulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 9 transcription transcription NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 11 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 12 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 13 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 14 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 15 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 16 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 17 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 19 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 106 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 1 Mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 2 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 4 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 6 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 7 export export NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 8 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 10 NEP NEP NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 12 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 13 known know VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 14 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 15 NS2 NS2 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 18 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 19 regulates regulate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 21 synthesis synthesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 23 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 26 result result VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 27 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 28 enhanced enhance VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 29 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 30 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 31 66 66 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 107 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 3 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 4 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 5 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 8 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 9 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 10 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 11 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 12 regulate regulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 13 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 14 switching switch VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 15 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 16 antigenomic antigenomic RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 17 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 18 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 19 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 20 result result NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 21 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 22 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 23 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 25 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 26 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 27 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 28 53 53 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 108 30 56 56 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 3 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 4 2a 2a CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 109 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 1 Curiously curiously RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 4 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 5 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 6 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 7 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 8 lacking lack VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 9 NEP NEP NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 10 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 11 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 12 lacking lack VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 13 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 15 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 16 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 17 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 18 observed observe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 19 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 20 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 21 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 22 normally normally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 23 restrict restrict VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 25 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 26 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 27 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 28 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 29 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 30 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 31 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 32 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 33 low low JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 34 MOI MOI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 110 35 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 2 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 3 possible possible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 6 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 7 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 9 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 11 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 13 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 14 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 15 situations situation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 16 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 17 related relate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 18 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 19 higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 20 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 21 availability availability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 22 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 23 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 24 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 25 indirect indirect JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 26 effect effect NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 28 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 29 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 30 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 32 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 33 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 34 precise precise JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 35 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 36 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 37 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 38 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 39 established establish VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 111 40 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 5 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 6 amino amino NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 7 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 8 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 11 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 14 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 16 nucleoprotein nucleoprotein NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 17 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 18 reduced reduce VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 20 density density NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 23 ribonucleprotein ribonucleprotein NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 24 associates associate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 25 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 26 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 27 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 112 28 67 67 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 3 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 4 2b 2b NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 113 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 1 Lastly lastly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 4 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 5 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 6 mammarenavirus mammarenavirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 8 LCMV LCMV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 10 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 12 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 13 PPXY PPXY NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 14 domain domain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 15 encoded encode VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 16 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 18 matrix matrix NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 19 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 20 drives drive VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 22 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 24 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 25 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 26 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 27 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 28 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 30 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 31 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 32 those those DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 33 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 34 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 35 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 36 68 68 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 38 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 39 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 40 2c 2c NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 114 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 1 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 3 driven drive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 4 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 5 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 6 switching switching NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 115 7 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 2 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 3 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 5 major major JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 6 driver driver NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 8 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 9 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 10 formation formation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 116 11 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 2 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 3 model model NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 4 proposes propose VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 5 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 7 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 9 break break NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 10 point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 12 structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 13 signals signal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 16 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 18 promote promote VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 20 replicase replicase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 21 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 22 switch switch VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 23 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 25 acceptor acceptor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 28 resume resume VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 29 synthesis synthesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 31 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 33 2d 2d NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 117 35 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 1 Replicase Replicase NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 3 driven drive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 4 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 5 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 6 proven prove VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 8 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 9 assays assay NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 10 using use VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 11 RdRPs RdRPs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 14 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 15 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 18 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 20 69 69 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 23 70 70 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 26 71 71 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 118 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 1 Variations variation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 3 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 4 model model NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 5 include include VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 7 forced force VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 8 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 9 switch switch NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 10 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 12 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 14 replicase replicase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 15 switches switch VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 16 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 17 after after IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 18 encountering encounter VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 20 5′ 5′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 21 end end NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 24 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 25 generating generate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 26 headto headto NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 27 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 28 tail tail NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 30 dimers dimer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 119 31 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 1 If if IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 3 templates template NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 4 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 5 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 6 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 7 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 8 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 9 lead lead VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 10 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 11 head head NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 13 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 14 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 15 tail tail NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 16 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 17 dimers dimer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 120 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 2 5′ 5′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 3 end end NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 4 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 5 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 6 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 7 modified modify VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 9 endo endo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 10 - - , cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 12 exo exo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 13 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 14 nucleases nuclease NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 16 leading lead VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 17 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 18 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 19 versions version NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 21 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 22 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 23 72 72 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 121 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 2 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 3 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 5 driver driver NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 7 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 8 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 122 9 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 1 Editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 3 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 5 leads lead VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 6 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 7 hypermutations hypermutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 8 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 9 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 10 result result VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 12 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 13 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 15 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 17 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 18 reported report VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 19 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 20 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 21 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 22 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 23 31 31 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 123 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 5 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 6 rate rate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 9 adenine adenine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 11 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 13 guanine guanine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 15 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 16 uracil uracil NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 17 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 18 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 19 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 20 cytosine cytosine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 22 RNA rna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 23 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 24 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 25 adenosine adenosine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 26 deaminase deaminase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 27 acting act VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 28 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 30 occurs occur VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 31 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 32 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 33 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 34 VSV VSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 35 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 36 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 37 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 38 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 39 MeV MeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 40 38 38 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 41 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 42 52 52 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 43 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 44 53 53 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 124 45 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 2 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 3 cases case NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 6 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 7 regulates regulate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 9 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 10 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 13 53 53 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 125 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 4 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 6 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 7 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 8 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 9 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 10 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 11 seems seem VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 12 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 13 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 14 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 15 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 16 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 17 73 73 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 126 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 1 Whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 3 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 5 higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 6 rate rate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 8 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 9 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 11 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 12 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 13 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 15 as as RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 16 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 17 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 19 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 21 editing edit VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 22 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 23 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 25 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 26 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 28 selection selection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 30 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 31 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 32 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 33 determined determine VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 127 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 2 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 3 three three CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 4 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 5 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 6 described describe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 7 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 8 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 9 relate relate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 10 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 12 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 13 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 14 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 15 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 16 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 17 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 18 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 19 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 20 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 22 immunostimulation immunostimulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 24 establishment establishment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 26 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 27 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 30 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 31 3a 3a NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 128 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 1 Interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 2 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 3 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 4 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 6 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 7 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 129 8 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 2 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 3 discovered discover VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 4 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 6 search search NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 7 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 8 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 9 responsible responsible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 10 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 12 infectivity infectivity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 14 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 16 after after IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 17 passages passage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 18 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 19 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 20 titers titer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 21 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 130 22 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 2 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 4 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 5 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 6 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 9 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 12 parental parental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 14 both both CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 15 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 16 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 19 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 20 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 21 found find VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 23 most most RBS cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 24 positive positive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 25 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 26 negative negative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 27 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 28 sense sense NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 30 ns)RNA ns)RNA NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 31 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 32 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 33 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 35 74 74 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 38 75 75 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 41 76 76 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 44 77 77 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 47 78 78 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 50 79 79 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 131 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 132 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 132 2 80 80 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 132 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 2 81 81 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 5 82 82 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 133 7 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 2 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 3 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 4 higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 5 rates rate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 6 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 7 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 9 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 11 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 13 co co JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 14 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 15 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 16 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 17 due due IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 18 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 20 shortened shorten VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 21 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 23 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 25 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 26 case case NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 28 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 29 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 30 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 31 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 33 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 34 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 35 efficient efficient JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 36 flanking flank VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 37 trailer trailer NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 38 promoters promoter NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 39 83 83 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 40 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 41 84 84 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 134 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 2 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 3 theory theory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 5 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 6 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 7 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 8 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 10 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 12 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 14 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 15 based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 16 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 18 observed observed JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 19 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 20 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 21 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 23 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 25 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 26 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 27 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 28 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 29 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 30 components component NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 31 needed need VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 32 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 33 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 35 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 37 3b 3b CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 135 39 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 1 As as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 3 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 4 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 5 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 6 levels level NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 9 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 10 predicted predict VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 11 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 13 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 14 directly directly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 15 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 16 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 17 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 18 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 19 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 20 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 21 monopolizing monopolize VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 23 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 24 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 25 and/or and/or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 26 competing compete VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 27 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 28 structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 29 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 30 84 84 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 32 85 85 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 136 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 2 should should MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 3 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 4 noted note VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 5 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 6 while while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 7 most most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 8 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 9 supports support VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 11 notion notion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 12 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 14 shortest short JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 15 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 16 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 17 largest large JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 18 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 19 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 20 best best RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 21 able able JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 22 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 23 outcompete outcompete VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 24 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 25 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 26 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 28 because because IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 29 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 30 much much RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 31 smaller small JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 32 size size NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 33 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 34 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 35 more more RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 36 rapidly rapidly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 37 replicated replicate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 38 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 39 most most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 40 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 41 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 42 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 43 consist consist VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 44 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 45 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 46 MOI MOI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 47 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 48 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 49 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 50 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 51 favour favour VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 52 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 53 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 54 based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 55 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 56 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 57 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 137 58 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 2 question question NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 3 arises arise VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 4 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 5 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 6 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 7 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 8 longer long JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 9 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 10 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 11 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 12 retains retain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 13 more more JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 14 coding coding NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 15 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 17 yet yet CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 18 contains contain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 19 mutated mutate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 20 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 22 presumably presumably RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 23 replicating replicate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 24 faster fast RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 25 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 26 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 27 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 28 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 29 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 30 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 31 yet yet CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 32 slower slow JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 33 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 34 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 35 shortest short JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 36 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 38 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 39 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 40 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 41 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 42 better well JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 43 competitor competitor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 44 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 45 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 46 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 47 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 49 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 50 certain certain JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 51 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 52 because because IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 53 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 54 additionally additionally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 55 expresses express VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 56 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 57 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 58 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 59 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 60 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 61 turn turn NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 62 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 63 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 64 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 65 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 66 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 67 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 68 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 69 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 70 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 71 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 72 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 73 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 74 multi multi JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 75 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 76 component component JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 77 structures structure NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 78 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 79 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 80 capsids capsid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 81 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 82 replicases replicase NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 83 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 138 84 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 3 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 4 studies study NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 5 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 7 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 8 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 10 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 11 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 12 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 14 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 15 dominate dominate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 16 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 17 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 18 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 19 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 20 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 22 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 139 23 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 140 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 140 2 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 140 3 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 140 4 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 2 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 3 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 5 fraction fraction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 9 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 10 able able JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 11 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 12 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 13 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 16 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 18 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 21 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 22 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 24 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 25 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 26 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 27 non non JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 28 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 29 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 30 homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 31 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 141 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 142 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 142 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 143 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 143 2 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 143 3 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 143 4 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 2 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 3 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 5 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 6 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 7 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 10 absence absence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 12 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 13 co co NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 14 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 15 infecting infect VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 16 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 144 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 2 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 3 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 4 become become VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 5 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 6 due due IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 7 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 8 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 10 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 12 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 13 variety variety NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 15 gene gene NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 16 rearrangements rearrangement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 145 17 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 146 1 RdRP RdRP NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 146 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 3 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 5 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 147 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 3 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 4 copies copy VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 6 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 8 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 9 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 10 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 148 11 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 149 1 TIPs tip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 149 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 150 1 Therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 150 2 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 150 3 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 150 4 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 1 Synthetic synthetic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 3 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 4 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 5 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 6 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 7 proposed propose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 8 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 9 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 10 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 11 outcompete outcompete VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 12 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 13 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 151 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 1 conferring confer VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 2 distinct distinct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 3 functions function NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 4 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 5 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 6 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 7 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 8 86 86 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 10 87 87 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 152 11 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 2 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 3 dominated dominate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 5 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 7 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 9 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 10 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 12 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 13 producers producer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 15 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 16 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 17 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 18 either either CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 19 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 20 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 21 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 22 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 23 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 24 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 26 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 27 enriched enrich VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 29 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 30 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 31 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 32 produce produce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 33 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 34 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 35 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 36 any any DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 37 species species NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 38 86 86 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 153 39 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 2 data datum NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 3 highlight highlight VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 5 need need NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 6 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 7 consider consider VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 9 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 10 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 11 versus versus IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 12 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 13 level level NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 14 impacts impact NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 16 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 17 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 18 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 154 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 155 1 Triggers trigger NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 155 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 155 3 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 155 4 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 155 5 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 3 especially especially RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 4 those those DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 7 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 9 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 10 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 12 strongly strongly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 13 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 15 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 17 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 18 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 19 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 20 III III NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 21 IFNs ifn NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 23 tumour tumour NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 24 necrosis necrosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 25 factor factor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 27 TNF TNF NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 30 interleukin interleukin FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 32 IL)-6 IL)-6 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 33 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 34 IL-1β IL-1β NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 35 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 36 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 37 pro pro JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 38 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 39 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 40 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 41 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 42 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 43 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 44 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 45 primary primary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 46 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 47 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 48 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 49 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 50 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 51 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 52 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 54 6 6 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 56 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 57 7 7 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 60 8 8 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 62 52 52 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 63 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 64 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 65 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 66 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 67 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 68 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 69 88 88 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 70 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 71 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 72 89 89 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 73 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 74 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 75 90 90 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 76 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 77 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 78 Fig Fig NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 79 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 80 3c 3c NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 81 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 156 82 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 4 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 5 stimulation stimulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 6 optimizes optimize VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 8 antigen antigen NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 9 presentation presentation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 10 capacity capacity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 12 antigen antigen NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 13 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 14 presenting present VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 15 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 16 91 91 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 18 92 92 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 157 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 1 Accumulating accumulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 2 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 6 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 7 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 10 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 11 maintained maintain VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 13 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 15 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 16 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 17 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 19 humans human NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 158 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 1 Increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 2 survival survival NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 4 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 5 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 7 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 8 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 10 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 11 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 12 reported report VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 13 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 15 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 16 5 5 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 18 19 19 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 20 93 93 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 159 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 2 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 3 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 7 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 8 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 10 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 11 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 12 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 14 IFNs ifn NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 16 pro pro JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 17 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 19 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 20 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 21 strongly strongly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 22 induced induce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 23 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 24 after after IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 25 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 26 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 27 accumulated accumulate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 28 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 29 detectable detectable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 30 levels level NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 31 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 33 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 160 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 1 Detection detection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 3 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 6 secretions secretion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 8 children child NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 9 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 10 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 11 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 12 correlates correlate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 13 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 14 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 16 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 17 genes gene NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 18 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 21 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 22 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 23 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 161 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 1 isolates isolate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 2 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 3 fail fail VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 4 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 5 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 6 potent potent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 7 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 8 responses response NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 10 humans human NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 11 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 12 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 13 impaired impaired JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 14 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 15 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 16 generate generate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 17 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 18 62 62 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 162 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 1 Immunostimulatory Immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 3 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 4 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 6 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 7 pattern pattern NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 8 recognition recognition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 9 receptors receptor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 11 PRRs PRRs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 14 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 15 Toll toll NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 16 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 17 like like JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 18 receptors receptor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 20 TLRs TLRs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 23 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 25 I i NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 26 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 27 like like JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 28 receptors receptor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 30 RLRs rlr NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 163 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 2 TLR TLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 3 signalling signalling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 4 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 5 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 6 essential essential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 7 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 8 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 164 10 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 2 IFNs ifns VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 4 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 6 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 7 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 8 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 10 RLR RLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 11 signalling signalling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 12 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 13 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 14 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 16 88 88 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 19 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 22 95 95 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 165 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 2 96 96 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 5 97 97 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 8 98 98 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 166 10 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 1 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 2 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 4 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 5 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 6 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 7 stronger strong JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 8 immunostimulators immunostimulator NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 9 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 10 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 11 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 12 89 89 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 14 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 15 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 16 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 17 strongest strong JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 18 known know VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 19 inducers inducer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 22 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 23 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 167 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 3 much much JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 5 what what WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 7 know know VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 10 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 11 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 12 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 13 based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 14 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 16 study study NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 18 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 19 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 20 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 21 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 22 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 168 23 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 1 Copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 3 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 4 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 6 binds bind VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 7 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 8 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 9 I I NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 10 94,97,99 94,97,99 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 13 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 14 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 16 MeV MeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 18 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 19 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 20 strongly strongly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 21 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 22 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 23 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 24 I i NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 25 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 26 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 27 signalling signal VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 28 55 55 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 30 92 92 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 32 95 95 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 169 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 1 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 2 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 3 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 4 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 5 triggered trigger VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 6 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 7 binding bind VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 9 5′ 5′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 10 di di NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 11 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 12 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 13 triphosphates triphosphate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 14 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 15 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 16 uncapped uncapped JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 18 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 19 short short JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 20 regions region NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 22 double double RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 23 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 24 stranded stranded JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 26 ds)RNA ds)RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 170 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 1 Phosphatase phosphatase JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 2 treatment treatment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 3 suppresses suppress VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 5 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 7 in in FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 8 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 9 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 10 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 11 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 13 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 15 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 16 trigger trigger VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 17 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 18 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 19 following follow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 20 transfection transfection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 21 supporting support VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 22 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 23 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 25 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 26 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 27 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 29 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 30 sensing sense VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 31 91 91 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 33 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 34 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 35 96 96 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 171 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 1 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 3 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 4 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 5 associate associate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 6 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 7 melanoma melanoma NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 8 differentiation differentiation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 9 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 10 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 11 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 12 5 5 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 14 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 16 88 88 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 18 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 20 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 22 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 23 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 24 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 25 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 26 sensing sense VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 27 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 28 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 29 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 30 less less RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 31 clear clear JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 32 99 99 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 33 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 34 100 100 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 172 35 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 1 Other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 2 cellular cellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 3 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 4 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 5 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 6 associate associate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 8 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 173 9 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 1 For for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 2 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 4 MeV MeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 5 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 6 associate associate JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 9 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 10 binding bind VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 11 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 12 named name VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 13 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 14 activator activator NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 16 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 17 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 18 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 19 induced induce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 20 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 21 kinase kinase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 22 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 23 optimally optimally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 24 activate activate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 25 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 26 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 27 I I NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 28 96 96 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 174 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 3 induced induce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 4 RLR RLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 5 signalling signalling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 6 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 7 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 8 simply simply RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 9 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 10 result result NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 12 higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 15 content content NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 16 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 18 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 19 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 20 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 21 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 22 increasing increase VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 24 amount amount NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 26 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 27 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 28 deficient deficient JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 29 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 30 does do VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 31 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 32 increase increase VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 33 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 34 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 35 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 36 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 37 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 38 88 88 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 39 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 40 92 92 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 175 41 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 3 efficient efficient JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 4 sensing sensing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 6 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 7 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 8 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 10 occurs occur VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 11 even even RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 14 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 17 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 18 encoded encode VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 19 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 22 cellular cellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 23 sensing sensing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 24 pathways pathway NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 25 88 88 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 26 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 27 92 92 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 176 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 2 observations observation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 5 unique unique JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 6 features feature NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 8 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 9 favour favour VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 11 detection detection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 12 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 13 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 177 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 2 predicted predict VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 3 long long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 4 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 5 stretch stretch NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 6 formed form VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 7 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 9 reverse reverse JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 10 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 11 ends end NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 13 copyback copyback NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 15 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 16 thought think VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 17 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 18 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 19 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 20 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 21 factor factor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 24 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 25 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 26 8 8 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 28 99 99 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 29 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 30 101 101 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 178 31 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 3 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 4 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 5 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 7 existence existence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 9 additional additional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 10 features feature NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 13 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 14 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 15 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 16 larger large JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 17 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 18 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 20 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 21 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 179 22 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 1 Structural structural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 2 modelling modelling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 3 identified identify VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 5 44 44 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 6 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 8 nt)-long nt)-long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 9 stem stem NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 11 loop loop NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 12 motif motif NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 14 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 16 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 17 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 18 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 19 DVG-546 DVG-546 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 20 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 21 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 22 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 23 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 24 characterized characterize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 25 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 26 potent potent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 27 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 28 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 29 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 30 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 31 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 33 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 34 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 35 absent absent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 36 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 37 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 38 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 39 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 40 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 41 spans span VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 42 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 43 unique unique JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 44 junction junction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 45 formed form VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 46 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 47 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 48 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 49 break break NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 50 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 51 rejoin rejoin VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 52 points point NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 53 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 54 form form VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 55 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 56 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 57 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 58 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 59 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 180 60 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 1 Deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 3 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 4 reduces reduce VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 6 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 7 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 8 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 10 while while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 11 introduction introduction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 14 motif motif NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 15 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 16 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 17 immunologically immunologically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 18 inert inert JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 20 improves improve VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 22 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 23 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 24 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 25 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 26 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 28 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 29 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 30 IFNs ifns VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 31 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 32 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 33 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 34 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 35 genes gene NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 36 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 181 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 2 acts act VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 4 concert concert NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 5 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 7 5′-triphosphate 5′-triphosphate CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 8 motif motif NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 9 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 10 activate activate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 11 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 12 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 13 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 15 allows allow VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 16 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 17 enhanced enhance VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 18 RLR RLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 19 polymerization polymerization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 20 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 21 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 22 marker marker NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 24 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 25 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 182 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 2 lose lose VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 3 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 4 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 5 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 183 6 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 1 Failure failure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 2 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 3 detect detect VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 4 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 5 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 6 immunostaining immunostaine VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 7 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 8 SeV sev JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 9 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 10 102 102 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 12 normal normal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 13 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 14 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 15 following follow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 16 disruption disruption NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 19 complementarity complementarity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 20 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 22 5′ 5′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 24 3′ 3′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 25 ends end NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 26 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 27 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 28 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 29 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 30 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 31 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 32 94 94 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 33 further further JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 34 support support VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 35 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 36 notion notion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 37 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 38 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 39 predicted predict VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 40 long long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 41 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 42 ends end NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 43 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 44 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 45 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 46 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 47 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 48 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 49 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 50 minor minor JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 51 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 52 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 53 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 54 onset onset NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 55 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 56 anti anti JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 57 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 58 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 59 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 184 60 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 2 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 3 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 4 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 5 determined determine VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 6 when when WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 8 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 9 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 10 70 70 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 11 - - SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 12 114 114 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 13 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 14 exposed expose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 15 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 16 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 19 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 20 similar similar JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 21 motifs motif NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 22 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 23 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 25 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 26 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 27 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 28 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 185 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 2 immunostimulation immunostimulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 3 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 4 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 5 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 6 important important JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 7 factor factor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 10 modulation modulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 12 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 13 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 14 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 186 15 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 1 Similar similar JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 2 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 4 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 5 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 6 I I NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 8 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 9 PRRs prr NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 10 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 11 mammals mammal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 13 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 14 sense sense VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 15 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 16 RNA rna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 17 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 19 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 20 Dicer-2 Dicer-2 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 187 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 2 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 3 processes process VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 5 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 7 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 8 small small JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 9 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 10 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 11 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 12 protect protect VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 13 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 14 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 15 re re NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 16 - - NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 17 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 18 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 20 same same JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 22 103 103 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 188 23 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 3 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 4 primary primary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 5 targets target NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 6 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 7 Dicer-2 Dicer-2 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 9 ref ref NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 10 . . NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 11 103 103 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 189 13 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 2 observations observation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 6 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 7 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 10 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 11 widespread widespread JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 13 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 14 have have VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 15 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 16 significant significant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 17 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 18 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 20 spread spread NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 22 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 23 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 24 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 25 across across IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 26 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 190 27 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 1 18 18 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 3 108 108 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 5 as as RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 6 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 7 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 8 one one CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 9 study study NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 10 reporting reporting NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 11 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 13 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 14 brain brain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 16 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 17 patients patient NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 18 who who WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 19 had have VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 20 died die VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 21 due due IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 22 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 23 post post JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 24 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 25 MeV mev JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 26 subacute subacute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 27 sclerosing sclerosing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 28 panencephalitis panencephalitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 29 17 17 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 191 30 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 1 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 2 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 3 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 5 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 6 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 7 cycle cycle VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 8 asynchronously asynchronously RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 10 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 11 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 12 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 13 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 14 vitro vitro NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 15 109 109 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 17 110 110 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 19 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 20 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 21 19 19 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 23 109 109 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 192 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 1 Cycling cycling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 5 predictable predictable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 6 pattern pattern NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 8 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 9 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 10 mathematically mathematically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 11 modelled model VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 12 using use VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 13 variations variation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 16 predator predator NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 17 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 18 prey prey NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 19 model model NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 20 111 111 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 193 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 2 theory theory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 3 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 4 explain explain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 6 asynchronous asynchronous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 7 cycling cycling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 9 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 11 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 12 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 13 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 15 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 16 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 17 persistency persistency NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 18 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 19 put put VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 20 forward forward RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 21 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 22 1970 1970 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 24 ref ref NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 25 . . NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 26 3 3 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 194 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 2 theory theory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 4 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 5 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 6 based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 7 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 9 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 10 effect effect NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 12 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 13 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 15 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 18 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 19 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 20 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 21 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 23 proposed propose VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 25 following follow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 26 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 27 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 28 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 29 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 30 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 31 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 32 until until IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 33 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 34 reach reach VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 35 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 36 concentrations concentration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 37 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 38 become become VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 39 predominant predominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 195 40 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 2 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 3 condition condition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 5 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 6 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 9 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 12 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 13 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 14 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 15 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 16 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 17 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 18 competing compete VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 19 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 20 essential essential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 21 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 22 machinery machinery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 23 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 24 driving drive VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 26 reduction reduction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 27 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 28 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 29 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 30 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 31 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 32 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 196 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 1 During during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 2 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 3 process process NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 4 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 5 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 6 previously previously RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 7 uninfected uninfected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 8 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 9 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 10 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 11 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 12 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 15 re re NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 16 - - VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 17 initiate initiate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 19 cycle cycle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 197 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 4 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 5 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 6 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 8 amount amount NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 10 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 11 appears appear VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 12 constant constant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 13 112 112 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 198 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 1 What what WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 2 drives drive VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 3 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 4 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 5 patterns pattern NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 7 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 8 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 9 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 10 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 11 others other NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 14 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 15 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 16 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 17 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 18 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 20 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 21 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 22 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 23 influences influence VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 25 cycling cycling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 26 pattern pattern NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 28 remain remain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 29 unknown unknown JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 199 30 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 1 Recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 2 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 7 involved involve VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 8 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 10 establishment establishment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 12 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 13 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 14 more more RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 15 complex complex JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 16 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 17 simple simple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 18 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 19 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 20 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 22 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 23 machinery machinery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 24 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 25 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 26 types type NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 28 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 29 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 30 87 87 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 200 31 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 1 Using use VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 4 situ situ JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 5 fluorescent fluorescent NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 6 hybridization hybridization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 8 Xu Xu NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 9 et et NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 10 al al NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 11 . . NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 12 showed show VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 13 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 14 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 15 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 16 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 17 SeV SeV NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 18 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 19 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 20 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 21 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 23 there there EX cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 24 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 25 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 26 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 27 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 28 content content NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 30 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 31 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 32 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 33 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 34 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 35 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 36 87 87 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 201 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 2 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 3 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 4 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 5 enriched enrich VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 7 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 9 others other NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 10 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 11 enriched enrich VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 13 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 14 full full JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 15 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 16 length length NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 17 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 18 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 202 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 3 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 4 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 5 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 6 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 7 currently currently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 8 unknown unknown JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 10 however however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 12 striking strike VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 13 functional functional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 14 differences difference NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 15 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 16 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 17 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 18 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 19 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 20 beginning begin VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 21 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 22 emerge emerge VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 23 86 86 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 24 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 25 87 87 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 203 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 1 Cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 2 enriched enrich VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 4 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 5 engage engage VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 7 RLR RLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 8 sensing sensing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 9 pathway pathway NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 11 produce produce VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 12 IFNs ifn NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 14 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 15 pro pro JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 16 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 17 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 18 molecules molecule NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 20 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 21 TNF TNF NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 204 22 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 4 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 5 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 6 induce induce VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 7 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 8 pro pro JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 9 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 10 survival survival JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 11 program program NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 13 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 14 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 15 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 16 signalling signal VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 17 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 19 RLR RLR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 20 pathway pathway NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 205 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 2 programs program NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 3 protect protect VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 4 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 5 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 6 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 7 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 8 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 9 TNFmediated tnfmediated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 10 death death NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 11 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 12 while while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 13 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 14 lacking lack VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 15 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 16 die die VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 17 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 18 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 206 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 1 Surviving survive VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 2 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 4 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 5 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 6 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 7 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 8 propagated propagate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 9 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 10 months month NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 11 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 12 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 13 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 14 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 207 15 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 3 provides provide VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 4 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 5 explanation explanation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 6 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 8 paradoxical paradoxical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 9 stimulation stimulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 11 both both DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 12 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 13 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 15 establishment establishment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 17 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 18 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 19 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 208 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 2 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 3 unclear unclear JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 4 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 6 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 7 survival survival NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 9 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 11 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 12 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 13 leads lead VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 14 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 15 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 18 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 19 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 20 survival survival NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 21 fits fit VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 22 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 23 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 24 cycling cycling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 26 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 27 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 28 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 29 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 30 observed observe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 31 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 32 many many JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 33 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 209 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 1 Cycling cycling NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 2 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 3 occur occur VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 4 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 6 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 7 level level NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 9 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 10 each each DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 11 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 12 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 13 goes go VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 14 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 15 cycles cycle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 17 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 18 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 19 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 20 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 21 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 22 enrichment enrichment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 23 driven drive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 24 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 25 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 26 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 27 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 28 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 29 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 30 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 31 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 32 machinery machinery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 34 and/or and/or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 35 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 36 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 37 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 38 level level NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 39 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 40 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 41 _SP cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 42 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 43 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 44 interfering interfering NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 45 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 46 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 47 activities activity NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 48 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 49 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 50 make make VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 51 them -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 52 attractive attractive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 53 candidates candidate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 54 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 55 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 56 adjuvants adjuvant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 57 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 58 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 59 113 113 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 60 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 61 114 114 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 210 62 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 2 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 4 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 5 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 6 interfere interfere VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 9 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 11 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 12 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 14 diminish diminish VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 16 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 17 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 18 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 19 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 20 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 21 extensively extensively RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 22 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 23 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 24 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 25 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 26 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 27 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 29 stocks stock NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 30 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 31 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 32 4 4 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 33 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 34 54 54 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 35 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 36 75 75 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 37 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 38 77 77 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 39 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 40 115 115 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 41 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 42 even even RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 43 when when WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 44 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 45 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 46 contained contain VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 47 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 49 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 50 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 51 ultraviolet ultraviolet NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 52 treatment treatment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 53 116 116 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 211 54 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 2 similar similar JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 3 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 4 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 5 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 6 reported report VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 8 ferrets ferret NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 9 vaccinated vaccinate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 10 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 11 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 12 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 14 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 15 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 16 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 17 117 117 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 212 18 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 1 Synthetically synthetically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 2 engineered engineer VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 3 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 5 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 6 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 7 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 9 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 10 ' ' `` cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 11 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 12 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 13 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 15 TIPs tip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 17 ' ' '' cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 19 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 20 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 21 more more RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 22 recently recently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 23 proposed propose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 24 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 26 possible possible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 27 strategy strategy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 28 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 29 control control VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 30 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 31 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 213 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 1 TIPs tip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 2 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 3 theoretically theoretically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 4 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 5 faster fast RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 6 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 8 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 9 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 10 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 13 therefore therefore RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 14 outcompete outcompete VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 17 hindering hinder VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 18 spread spread NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 19 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 20 transmission transmission NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 214 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 1 TIPs tip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 2 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 3 have have VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 5 advantage advantage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 7 being be VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 8 active active JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 9 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 10 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 11 organisms organism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 12 already already RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 13 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 14 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 16 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 17 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 18 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 20 due due IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 21 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 23 dependence dependence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 24 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 26 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 28 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 29 replicate replicate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 30 118 118 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 32 119 119 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 215 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 1 Although although IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 2 still still RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 5 exploratory exploratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 6 phase phase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 9 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 10 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 11 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 12 determined determine VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 13 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 14 TIPs tip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 15 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 16 impact impact VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 18 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 21 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 23 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 24 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 25 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 26 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 27 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 28 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 29 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 30 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 31 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 32 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 33 complementation complementation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 216 34 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 1 Whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 2 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 3 elicited elicit VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 4 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 5 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 6 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 7 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 8 DIPs dip NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 9 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 10 due due JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 11 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 12 direct direct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 13 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 14 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 16 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 18 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 19 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 20 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 21 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 22 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 23 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 25 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 26 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 27 unclear unclear JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 217 28 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 1 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 2 copyback copyback NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 3 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 4 augment augment VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 6 antigen antigen NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 7 presentation presentation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 8 capacity capacity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 10 mouse mouse NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 12 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 13 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 14 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 16 resulting result VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 18 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 19 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 21 T T NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 22 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 23 91 91 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 218 24 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 4 experimental experimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 5 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 6 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 7 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 8 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 10 RSV RSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 11 adjuvanted adjuvante VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 12 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 13 in in FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 14 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 15 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 16 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 17 SeV sev NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 18 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 19 delivered deliver VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 20 subcutaneously subcutaneously RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 21 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 22 intramuscularly intramuscularly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 23 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 24 intranasally intranasally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 25 show show VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 26 improved improve VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 27 antibody antibody NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 28 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 30 increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 31 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 32 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 33 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 34 challenge challenge NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 35 91 91 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 36 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 37 120 120 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 219 38 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 1 SeV SeV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 2 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 4 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 5 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 7 DDOs DDOs NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 9 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 11 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 220 12 motif motif NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 1 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 3 effective effective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 4 adjuvants adjuvant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 5 able able JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 6 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 7 bias bias VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 9 humoral humoral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 11 cellular cellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 12 responses response NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 13 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 14 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 17 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 18 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 19 towards towards IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 221 20 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 2 immune immune VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 3 responses response NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 4 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 8 IgG2a IgG2a NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 9 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 10 c c NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 11 isotypes isotypes NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 13 Th1 Th1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 14 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 15 + + CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 16 T t NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 17 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 19 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 20 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 21 + + CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 22 T T NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 23 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 25 mice mice NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 26 91 91 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 28 121 121 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 222 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 1 DDOs ddo NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 2 also also RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 3 synergize synergize VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 4 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 6 emulsion emulsion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 7 antibody antibody NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 8 AddaVax AddaVax NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 10 enhance enhance VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 223 12 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 2 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 4 driving drive VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 5 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 6 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 7 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 8 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 9 depends depend VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 10 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 224 11 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 225 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 225 2 IFNs ifns VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 225 3 121 121 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 225 4 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 1 Notably notably RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 3 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 4 DIP dip NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 5 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 7 conferred confer VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 8 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 9 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 10 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 11 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 13 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 14 stimulation stimulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 226 16 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 2 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 3 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 4 122 122 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 6 suggesting suggest VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 7 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 8 they -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 9 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 10 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 11 used use VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 12 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 13 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 14 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 15 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 16 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 227 17 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 1 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 2 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 3 present present JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 5 live live JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 6 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 7 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 8 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 9 polio polio NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 11 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 13 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 14 viruses viruse VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 15 76 76 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 18 123 123 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 21 124 124 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 24 125 125 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 27 126 126 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 228 29 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 4 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 7 development development NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 9 protective protective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 10 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 13 efficacy efficacy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 14 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 15 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 16 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 17 formally formally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 18 assessed assess VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 229 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 1 Based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 2 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 4 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 6 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 7 ability ability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 10 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 11 speculated speculate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 12 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 13 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 14 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 15 enhance enhance VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 16 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 17 efficiency efficiency NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 20 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 21 while while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 22 enhancing enhance VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 23 safety safety NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 25 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 26 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 27 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 28 reducing reduce VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 30 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 31 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 32 spread spread NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 230 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 1 If if IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 2 correct correct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 5 would would MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 6 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 7 important important JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 8 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 9 carefully carefully RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 10 regulate regulate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 12 amount amount NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 15 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 16 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 17 preparations preparation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 18 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 19 avoid avoid VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 20 complete complete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 21 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 23 drastic drastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 24 reduction reduction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 26 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 28 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 29 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 30 point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 31 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 32 ineffectiveness ineffectiveness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 231 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 2 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 3 NGS NGS NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 4 data datum NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 5 reveal reveal VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 7 hundreds hundred NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 9 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 10 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 11 arise arise VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 12 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 14 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 15 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 16 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 17 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 19 fact fact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 20 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 21 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 22 smaller small JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 23 subset subset JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 25 dominant dominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 26 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 27 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 28 repeatedly repeatedly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 29 detected detect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 30 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 31 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 32 samples sample NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 33 50 50 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 34 indicates indicate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 35 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 36 complex complex JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 37 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 38 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 39 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 40 play play NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 41 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 42 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 43 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 44 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 232 45 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 1 These these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 2 complexities complexity NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 3 include include VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 4 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 7 possibly possibly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 8 compensation compensation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 9 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 10 cooperation cooperation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 12 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 13 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 16 positive positive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 17 selection selection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 20 best good JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 21 competitors competitor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 22 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 23 implicates implicate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 25 relative relative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 26 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 27 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 28 relation relation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 29 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 30 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 31 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 32 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 33 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 34 parental parental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 35 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 36 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 37 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 38 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 233 39 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 1 Parameters parameter NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 2 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 3 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 4 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 5 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 6 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 7 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 9 immunoregulation immunoregulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 11 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 12 traits trait NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 13 determine determine VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 16 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 234 17 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 2 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 3 important important JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 4 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 5 stress stress VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 7 most most JJS cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 8 events event NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 9 leading lead VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 10 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 11 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 12 formation formation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 13 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 14 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 15 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 17 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 19 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 21 translocations translocation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 23 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 24 either either CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 25 non non JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 26 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 27 viable viable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 28 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 29 deleterious deleterious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 30 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 31 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 32 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 235 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 4 although although IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 5 hundreds hundred NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 6 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 7 even even RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 8 thousands thousand NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 10 different different JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 11 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 12 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 13 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 14 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 15 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 17 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 18 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 20 vast vast JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 21 majority majority NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 23 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 24 will will MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 25 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 26 lost lose VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 27 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 28 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 29 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 30 bottlenecks bottleneck NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 31 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 32 occur occur VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 33 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 34 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 35 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 36 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 37 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 38 when when WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 39 crossing cross VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 40 anatomical anatomical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 41 barriers barrier NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 42 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 43 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 44 transmission transmission NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 45 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 46 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 47 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 48 host host VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 49 127 127 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 236 50 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 1 However however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 3 there there EX cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 4 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 5 instances instance NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 6 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 7 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 8 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 9 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 10 make make VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 12 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 13 bottlenecks bottleneck NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 15 such such JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 16 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 17 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 18 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 20 hosts host NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 21 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 22 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 23 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 24 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 25 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 26 comorbidities comorbiditie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 27 where where WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 28 founding founding NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 29 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 30 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 31 increased increase VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 237 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 4 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 5 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 6 occur occur VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 8 virions virion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 9 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 10 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 11 co co VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 12 - - VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 13 packaged package VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 14 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 15 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 16 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 17 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 19 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 20 128 128 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 21 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 22 virions virion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 23 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 24 aggregate aggregate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 25 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 26 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 27 enhancing enhance VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 28 co co NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 29 - - NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 30 transmission transmission NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 32 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 33 seen see VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 34 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 35 VSV VSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 36 129 129 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 37 mathematical mathematical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 38 models model NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 39 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 40 generally generally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 41 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 42 considered consider VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 43 one one CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 44 dominant dominant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 45 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 46 131 131 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 47 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 48 132 132 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 49 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 50 further further JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 51 development development NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 52 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 53 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 54 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 55 incorporate incorporate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 56 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 57 potential potential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 58 cooperation cooperation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 59 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 60 competition competition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 61 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 62 others other NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 238 63 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 1 While while IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 2 historically historically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 3 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 4 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 5 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 6 considered consider VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 7 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 8 waste waste NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 9 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 10 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 11 artifact artifact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 13 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 14 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 15 passaging passaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 16 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 17 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 18 simply simply RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 19 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 20 nuisance nuisance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 21 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 22 laboratory laboratory NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 23 experimentation experimentation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 24 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 25 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 26 renewed renew VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 27 interest interest NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 29 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 30 part part NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 31 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 32 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 33 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 34 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 35 may may MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 36 reveal reveal VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 37 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 38 more more RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 39 functional functional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 40 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 41 biological biological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 42 relevance relevance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 43 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 44 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 45 existence existence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 239 46 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 1 Do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 3 exist exist VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 5 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 6 reason reason NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 240 7 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 1 Why why WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 2 keep keep VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 3 waste waste NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 4 lying lie VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 5 around around RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 241 6 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 1 Given give VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 3 notoriously notoriously RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 4 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 5 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 7 reassortment reassortment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 8 rates rate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 10 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 11 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 12 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 14 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 15 possible possible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 16 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 17 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 18 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 19 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 20 undergo undergo VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 21 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 23 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 24 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 25 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 26 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 27 repertoire repertoire NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 28 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 29 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 30 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 31 could could MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 32 feed feed VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 33 back back RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 34 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 35 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 36 viable viable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 37 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 38 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 39 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 40 promote promote VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 41 adaptation adaptation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 242 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 2 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 3 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 4 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 5 seen see VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 6 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 7 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 8 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 9 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 10 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 11 selective selective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 12 advantage advantage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 13 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 16 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 18 whether whether IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 20 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 21 MOI MOI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 22 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 23 localized localize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 24 co co NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 25 - - NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 26 infection infection JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 27 conditions condition NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 28 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 29 biologically biologically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 30 relevant relevant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 31 outside outside IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 32 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 33 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 34 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 243 35 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 1 Recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 2 work work NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 4 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 5 suggests suggest VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 7 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 9 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 10 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 11 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 12 preferred preferred JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 13 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 14 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 16 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 19 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 20 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 21 form form NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 24 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 25 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 26 provide provide VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 27 additional additional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 28 substrate substrate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 29 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 30 help help VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 31 boost boost VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 32 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 34 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 35 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 36 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 37 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 38 responsible responsible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 39 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 40 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 41 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 42 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 43 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 44 103 103 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 244 45 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 4 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 5 shown show VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 6 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 7 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 8 change change NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 11 amount amount NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 14 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 15 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 16 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 18 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 19 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 20 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 21 Drosophila Drosophila NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 22 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 23 altered alter VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 25 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 26 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 27 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 28 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 29 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 30 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 31 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 32 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 34 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 35 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 245 36 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 2 authors author NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 3 suggested suggest VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 4 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 5 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 6 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 7 perhaps perhaps RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 8 fine fine RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 9 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 10 tuned tune VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 12 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 14 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 15 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 16 balance balance VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 17 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 18 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 19 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 20 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 21 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 22 promote promote VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 23 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 25 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 26 ultimately ultimately RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 28 transmission transmission NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 30 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 32 including include VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 33 arboviruses arbovirus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 34 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 35 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 246 37 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 3 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 4 closer close JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 5 examination examination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 7 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 8 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 9 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 10 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 11 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 12 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 13 help help VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 14 better well RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 15 understand understand VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 16 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 17 biology biology NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 19 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 20 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 247 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 2 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 4 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 5 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 6 distinguishing distinguish VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 7 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 9 dispensable dispensable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 11 indispensable indispensable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 14 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 15 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 18 structures structure NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 19 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 20 we -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 21 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 22 identify identify VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 23 what what WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 24 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 25 components component NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 26 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 27 operate operate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 29 cis cis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 30 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 31 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 32 trans trans NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 248 33 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 2 recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 3 study study NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 5 HCV HCV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 6 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 7 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 8 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 9 example example NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 10 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 11 identified identify VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 12 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 13 cis cis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 14 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 15 acting act VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 17 structures structure NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 18 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 19 were be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 20 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 21 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 22 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 24 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 25 133 133 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 249 26 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 1 Emerging emerge VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 2 technologies technology NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 3 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 4 allow allow VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 6 identification identification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 8 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 10 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 11 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 13 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 14 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 15 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 16 as as RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 17 well well RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 18 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 19 those those DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 20 allowing allow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 22 establishment establishment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 24 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 25 associations association NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 26 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 27 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 28 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 29 functional functional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 30 outcomes outcome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 32 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 33 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 34 crucial crucial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 35 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 36 reviving revive VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 37 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 38 interest interest NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 39 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 40 studying study VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 41 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 250 42 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 1 Recent recent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 2 work work NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 3 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 4 provided provide VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 5 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 6 appreciation appreciation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 7 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 8 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 9 diversity diversity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 12 potentially potentially RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 13 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 14 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 16 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 18 defining define VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 20 clinical clinical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 21 outcome outcome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 23 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 24 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 25 however however RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 26 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 27 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 28 number number NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 30 questions question NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 31 remain remain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 32 unanswered unanswered JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 33 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 34 what what WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 35 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 36 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 37 molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 38 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 39 driving drive VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 40 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 41 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 42 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 43 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 251 44 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 1 Can Can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 2 DVGs dvg NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 3 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 4 harnessed harness VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 5 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 7 control control NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 10 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 12 spread spread VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 252 13 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 1 How how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 2 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 3 alterations alteration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 5 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 6 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 7 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 8 impact impact NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 10 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 12 adaptation adaptation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 13 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 14 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 15 hosts host NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 253 16 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 1 How how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 2 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 3 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 4 factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 5 impact impact VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 6 DVG DVG NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 7 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 8 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 9 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 254 10 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 1 Further further JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 2 technological technological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 3 developments development NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 4 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 5 interdisciplinary interdisciplinary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 6 research research NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 7 will will MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 8 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 9 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 10 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 11 obtain obtain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 12 these these DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 13 answers answer NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 255 14 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 1 Virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 2 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 3 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 4 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 5 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 6 Studies Studies NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 7 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 8 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 10 experimental experimental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 11 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 12 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 14 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 17 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 18 processes process VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 19 Modulation Modulation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 21 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 22 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 23 virusinduced virusinduce VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 24 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 26 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 27 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 28 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 29 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 30 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 256 31 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 2 influence influence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 5 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 6 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 7 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 9 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 10 PR-8 PR-8 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 11 strain strain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 13 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 14 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 16 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 18 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 21 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 257 23 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 258 1 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 258 2 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 258 3 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 1 early early JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 2 passage passage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 3 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 5 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 6 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 7 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 259 8 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 2 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 3 required require VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 5 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 6 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 7 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 8 preparation preparation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 9 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 10 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 11 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 12 levels level NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 14 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 15 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 16 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 17 lymphoblastoid lymphoblastoid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 18 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 19 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 20 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 21 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 22 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 23 covalently covalently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 24 linked link VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 26 ±]RNA ±]RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 27 induce induce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 28 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 29 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 30 non non JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 31 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 32 cytopathic cytopathic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 33 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 34 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 35 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 36 continuous continuous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 37 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 38 lines line NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 39 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 40 mumps mumps NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 41 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 42 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 43 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 44 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 45 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 46 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 47 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 48 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 49 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 50 establishment establishment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 51 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 52 maintenance maintenance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 53 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 54 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 55 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 56 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 57 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 58 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 59 MDBK MDBK NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 60 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 61 HeLa HeLa NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 260 62 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 1 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 2 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 3 rabies rabies NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 4 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 5 recovered recover VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 6 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 7 persistently persistently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 8 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 9 BHK BHK NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 10 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 11 Persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 12 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 13 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 14 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 15 pancreatic pancreatic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 16 necrosis necrosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 18 mediated mediate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 19 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 20 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 21 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 22 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 24 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 26 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 27 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 29 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 30 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 31 line line NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 32 showing show VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 33 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 34 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 35 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 36 little little JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 37 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 261 38 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 2 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 3 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 4 inapparent inapparent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 5 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 7 L l NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 8 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 9 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 10 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 13 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 14 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 15 Establishment Establishment NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 17 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 18 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 19 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 20 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 21 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 22 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 23 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 25 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 26 early early JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 27 phase phase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 28 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 29 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 30 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 31 plus plus CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 32 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 33 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 34 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 35 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 37 BHK BHK NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 38 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 39 Persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 40 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 41 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 42 cultured cultured JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 43 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 44 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 45 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 46 Japanese japanese JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 47 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 49 Persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 50 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 262 51 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 2 Interferon Interferon NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 4 inducing induce VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 5 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 7 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 8 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 9 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 10 mediators mediator NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 12 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 13 sparing sparing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 14 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 15 possible possible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 16 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 18 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 19 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 20 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 21 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 22 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 23 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 24 Expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 26 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 27 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 29 genes gene NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 30 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 31 brain brain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 32 tissues tissue NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 33 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 34 patients patient NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 35 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 36 subacute subacute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 37 sclerosing sclerosing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 38 panencephalitis panencephalitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 39 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 40 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 41 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 42 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 43 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 44 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 45 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 46 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 47 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 49 Rift Rift NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 50 Valley Valley NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 51 Fever Fever NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 52 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 53 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 54 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 263 55 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 264 1 IV IV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 264 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 265 1 Incomplete incomplete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 265 2 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 265 3 ; ; : cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 1 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 2 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 3 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 4 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 5 Persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 6 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 7 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 8 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 9 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 10 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 13 man man NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 14 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 15 T T NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 16 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 18 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 19 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 20 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 266 21 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 1 I. I. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 2 Preparation preparation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 4 morphology morphology NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 5 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 7 some some DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 8 biologic biologic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 267 9 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 4 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 6 Properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 8 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 9 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 10 virions virion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 12 subgenomic subgenomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 13 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 14 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 15 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 16 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 17 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 19 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 268 20 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 1 I. I. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 2 Isolation isolation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 3 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 4 physical physical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 5 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 6 Determination determination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 9 molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 10 weight weight NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 12 animal animal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 13 RNA rna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 14 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 15 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 16 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 17 nuclease nuclease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 18 digestions digestion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 269 19 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 1 I. I. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 2 Vesicular Vesicular NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 3 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 4 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 7 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 8 T t NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 270 9 particle particle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 2 distribution distribution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 4 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 5 effects effect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 6 caused cause VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 7 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 8 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 9 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 10 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 11 substitutions substitution NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 13 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 16 Mutational Mutational NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 18 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 19 landscapes landscape NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 21 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 23 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 24 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 25 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 26 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 27 sequencing sequence VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 28 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 29 inherent inherent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 30 mutational mutational JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 31 tolerance tolerance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 32 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 33 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 34 evolvability evolvability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 35 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 36 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 37 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 38 Insights Insights NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 39 into into IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 41 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 42 mutant mutant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 43 spectrum spectrum NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 44 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 45 lethal lethal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 46 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 47 events event NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 48 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 49 replicative replicative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 50 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 51 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 52 complementation complementation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 53 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 54 multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 55 point point NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 56 mutants mutant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 57 Suppression suppression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 58 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 59 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 60 infectivity infectivity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 61 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 62 lethal lethal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 63 defection defection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 64 Biased bias VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 65 hypermutation hypermutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 66 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 67 other other JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 68 genetic genetic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 69 changes change NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 70 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 71 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 72 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 73 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 74 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 75 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 76 brain brain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 77 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 78 Single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 79 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 80 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 81 specificity specificity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 82 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 83 APOBEC3 APOBEC3 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 84 G g NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 85 accounts account NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 86 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 87 minus minus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 88 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 89 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 90 deamination deamination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 91 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 92 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 93 HIV HIV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 94 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 95 Defective Defective NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 96 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 97 proviruses provirus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 98 produce produce VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 99 novel novel NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 100 proteincoding proteincode VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 101 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 102 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 103 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 104 HIV HIV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 105 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 106 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 107 patients patient NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 108 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 109 combination combination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 110 antiretroviral antiretroviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 111 therapy therapy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 112 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 113 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 114 competent competent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 115 noninduced noninduced JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 116 proviruses provirus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 117 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 118 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 119 latent latent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 120 reservoir reservoir NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 121 increase increase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 122 barrier barrier NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 123 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 124 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 125 cure cure VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 126 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 127 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 128 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 129 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 130 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 131 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 132 mapping mapping NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 133 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 134 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 135 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 136 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 137 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 138 that that IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 139 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 140 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 141 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 142 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 143 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 144 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 145 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 146 Internal Internal NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 147 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 148 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 149 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 150 two two CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 151 distinct distinct JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 152 classes class NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 153 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 154 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 155 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 156 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 157 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 158 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 159 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 160 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 161 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 162 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 163 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 164 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 165 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 166 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 167 formed form VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 168 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 169 internal internal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 170 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 171 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 172 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 173 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 174 Vesicular Vesicular NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 175 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 176 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 177 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 178 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 179 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 180 can can MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 181 contain contain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 182 extensive extensive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 183 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 184 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 185 rearrangements rearrangement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 186 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 187 base base NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 188 substitutions substitution NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 189 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 190 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 191 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 192 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 193 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 194 contains contain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 195 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 196 mosaic mosaic NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 197 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 198 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 199 plant plant NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 200 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 201 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 202 Isolation isolation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 203 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 204 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 205 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 206 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 207 arterivirus arterivirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 208 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 209 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 210 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 211 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 212 Isolation isolation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 213 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 214 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 215 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 216 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 217 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 218 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 219 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 271 220 RNAs RNAs NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 2 origins origin NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 5 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 6 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 9 negative negative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 11 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 13 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 14 Structure structure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 15 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 16 origin origin NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 18 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 19 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 20 class class NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 22 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 23 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 24 particle particle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 26 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 27 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 272 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 1 Inverted inverted JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 2 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 3 terminal terminal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 4 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 6 single single RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 7 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 8 stranded stranded JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 9 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 11 snap snap VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 12 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 13 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 14 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 15 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 16 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 17 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 18 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 19 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 20 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 21 Genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 22 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 23 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 273 25 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 1 3′ 3′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 2 termini terminus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 4 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 6 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 7 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 9 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 10 Origin origin NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 12 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 14 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 15 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 274 16 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 2 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 3 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 4 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 6 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 7 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 8 biologically biologically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 10 physically physically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 11 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 12 Parallel Parallel NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 13 ClickSeq ClickSeq NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 15 Nanopore Nanopore NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 16 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 17 elucidates elucidate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 18 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 20 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 22 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 23 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 24 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 25 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 26 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 27 Flock Flock NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 28 House House NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 29 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 30 DI di NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 31 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 32 tector tector NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 33 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 34 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 35 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 36 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 37 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 38 detector detector NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 39 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 40 next next JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 41 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 42 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 43 data datum NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 44 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 45 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 46 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 47 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 48 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 49 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 50 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 51 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 52 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 53 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 54 regulates regulate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 55 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 56 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 57 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 58 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 59 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 60 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 61 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 62 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 63 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 64 Sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 65 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 66 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 67 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 68 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 69 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 70 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 71 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 72 like like JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 73 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 74 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 75 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 76 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 77 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 78 pandemic pandemic NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 79 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 80 Excessive excessive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 81 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 82 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 83 extreme extreme JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 84 editing editing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 85 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 86 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 87 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 88 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 89 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 90 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 91 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 92 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 93 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 275 94 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 2 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 3 induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 4 Measles Measles NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 6 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 7 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 8 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 9 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 10 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 11 frequently frequently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 13 early early RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 16 absence absence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 17 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 18 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 19 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 21 pan pan NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 22 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 23 destabilized destabilize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 24 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 25 adenosine adenosine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 26 deaminase deaminase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 27 acting act VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 28 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 29 RNA-1-like rna-1-like IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 30 hypermutations hypermutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 31 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 32 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 33 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 34 arising arise VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 35 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 36 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 37 provide provide VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 38 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 39 danger danger NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 40 signals signal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 41 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 42 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 43 triggering triggering NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 44 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 45 lung lung NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 46 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 276 47 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 1 Immunostimulatory immunostimulatory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 2 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 3 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 4 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 5 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 7 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 8 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 9 promote promote VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 10 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 11 strong strong JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 12 innate innate JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 13 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 14 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 15 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 16 Infection Infection NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 18 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 19 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 20 humans human NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 21 Loss Loss NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 23 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 25 C c NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 26 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 27 leads lead VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 28 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 29 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 277 31 RIG- RIG- NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 2 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 3 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 4 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 6 Deep deep JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 7 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 8 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 10 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 11 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 13 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 14 virus virus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 15 5 5 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 18 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 19 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 20 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 21 induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 22 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 23 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 24 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 25 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 26 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 27 emergence emergence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 28 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 29 deep deep JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 278 30 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 1 Does do VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 2 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 3 higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 4 order order NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 5 structure structure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 6 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 8 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 9 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 10 ribonucleoprotein ribonucleoprotein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 11 guide guide NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 12 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 13 rearrangements rearrangement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 15 influenza influenza JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 279 18 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 3 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 4 fidelity fidelity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 5 alterations alteration NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 6 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 7 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 8 West West NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 9 Nile Nile NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 10 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 11 attenuation attenuation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 12 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 280 13 mosquitoes mosquito NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 1 Alphavirus Alphavirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 2 mutator mutator NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 3 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 4 present present VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 5 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 7 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 8 defects defect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 10 attenuation attenuation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 12 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 13 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 14 insect insect NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 281 15 models model NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 1 Reduced reduce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 2 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 5 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 6 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 7 contributes contribute VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 8 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 9 severe severe JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 10 outcome outcome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 12 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 14 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 15 patients patient NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 16 Low Low NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 17 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 18 Fidelity Fidelity NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 19 Polymerases Polymerases NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 21 Alphaviruses Alphaviruses NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 22 Recombine recombine VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 23 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 24 Higher high JJR cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 25 Rates rate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 26 To to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 27 Overproduce overproduce VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 28 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 29 Interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 282 30 Particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 2 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 3 amino amino NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 4 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 5 mutation mutation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 6 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 8 PA PA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 9 subunit subunit NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 12 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 13 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 15 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 16 promotes promote VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 18 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 20 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 21 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 22 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 23 Mutations Mutations NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 24 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 25 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 27 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 28 binding bind VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 29 domains domain NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 31 tombusvirus tombusvirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 32 replicase replicase NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 33 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 34 affect affect VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 35 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 36 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 37 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 38 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 39 Mutation Mutation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 40 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 41 NS2 NS2 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 42 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 43 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 44 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 45 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 46 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 47 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 48 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 49 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 50 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 51 extragenically extragenically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 52 causes cause VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 53 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 54 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 55 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 56 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 57 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 58 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 59 PA PA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 60 gene gene NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 61 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 62 leads lead VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 63 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 64 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 65 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 66 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 67 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 283 68 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 2 single single JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 3 amino amino NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 4 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 5 substitution substitution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 6 within within IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 7 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 8 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 9 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 10 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 11 nucleoprotein nucleoprotein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 12 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 14 critical critical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 15 determinant determinant NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 16 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 17 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 19 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 20 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 21 beta beta NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 22 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 23 inducing induce VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 24 copyback copyback NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 25 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 26 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 27 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 28 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 29 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 30 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 31 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 32 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 33 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 34 matrix matrix NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 35 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 36 PPXY PPXY NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 37 late late JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 38 domain domain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 39 drives drive VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 40 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 41 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 42 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 43 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 44 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 45 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 46 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 47 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 48 tombusviruses tombusviruse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 284 49 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 1 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 2 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 3 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 5 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 6 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 7 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 9 stepwise stepwise JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 285 10 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 1 Factors factor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 2 regulating regulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 3 template template NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 4 switch switch NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 5 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 6 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 7 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 8 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 11 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 13 polymerases polymerase NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 14 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 15 implications implication NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 16 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 18 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 20 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 21 Efficient efficient JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 22 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 23 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 24 system system NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 26 homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 27 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 29 brome brome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 30 mosaic mosaic NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 31 bromovirus bromovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 32 Silencing Silencing NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 33 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 34 Nicotiana Nicotiana NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 286 35 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 1 Xrn4p Xrn4p NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 2 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 3 promotes promote VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 4 tombusvirus tombusvirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 6 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 287 8 recombination recombination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 1 Targeting target VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 2 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 5 leukemogenic leukemogenic NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 6 PML PML NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 7 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 8 RARalpha RARalpha NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 9 fusion fusion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 10 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 11 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 12 lentiviral lentiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 13 vector vector NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 14 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 15 mediated mediate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 16 small small JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 17 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 19 results result NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 20 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 21 leukemic leukemic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 22 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 23 differentiation differentiation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 24 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 25 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 26 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 28 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 29 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 30 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 31 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 32 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 33 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 34 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 35 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 36 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 37 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 38 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 39 acute acute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 40 dengue dengue NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 41 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 42 Generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 43 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 44 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 45 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 46 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 47 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 48 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 49 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 50 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 51 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 52 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 53 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 54 preparation preparation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 55 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 56 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 57 live live JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 58 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 59 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 60 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 61 Effects effect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 62 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 63 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 64 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 65 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 66 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 67 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 68 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 69 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 70 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 71 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 72 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 73 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 74 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 75 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 76 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 77 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 78 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 79 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 80 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 81 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 82 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 83 Induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 84 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 85 biological biological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 86 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 87 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 88 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 89 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 90 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 91 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 92 rabies rabies NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 93 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 94 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 95 T T NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 96 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 97 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 98 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 99 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 100 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 288 101 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 289 1 II II NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 289 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 1 Biologic biologic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 2 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 4 homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 5 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 6 Viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 7 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 9 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 10 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 11 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 12 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 13 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 14 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 15 measured measure VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 16 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 17 individual individual JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 18 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 19 Analysis Analysis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 21 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 22 West West NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 23 Nile Nile NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 25 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 26 produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 27 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 28 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 29 cultures culture NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 30 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 31 genetically genetically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 32 resistant resistant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 33 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 34 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 35 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 36 indicates indicate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 37 enhanced enhance VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 38 amplification amplification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 39 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 40 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 41 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 42 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 43 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 44 resistant resistant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 45 cultures culture NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 46 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 47 signals signal NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 48 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 49 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 50 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 51 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 52 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 53 stoma stoma NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 54 titis titis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 55 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 56 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 57 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 58 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 59 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 60 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 61 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 62 identification identification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 63 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 64 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 65 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 66 element element NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 67 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 68 enhances enhance VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 69 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 70 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 71 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 72 Functional functional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 73 characterisation characterisation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 74 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 75 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 76 genomic genomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 77 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 78 antigenomic antigenomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 79 promoters promoter NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 80 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 81 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 82 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 83 Homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 84 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 85 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 86 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 87 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 88 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 89 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 90 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 91 changes change NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 92 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 93 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 94 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 95 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 96 ribonucleic ribonucleic NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 97 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 98 synthesis synthesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 99 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 100 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 101 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 102 alter alter VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 103 how how WRB cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 104 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 105 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 106 interacts interact VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 107 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 108 cellular cellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 109 trafficking traffic VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 110 machinery machinery NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 111 leading lead VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 112 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 113 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 114 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 115 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 116 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 117 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 118 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 119 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 120 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 121 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 122 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 123 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 124 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 125 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 126 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 127 exploit exploit VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 128 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 129 cellular cellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 130 pro pro JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 131 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 132 survival survival JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 133 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 134 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 135 establish establish VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 136 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 137 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 138 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 139 participates participate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 140 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 141 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 142 detection detection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 143 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 144 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 145 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 146 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 147 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 148 essential essential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 149 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 150 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 151 early early JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 152 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 153 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 154 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 155 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 156 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 157 response response NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 158 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 159 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 160 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 161 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 162 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 163 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 164 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 165 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 166 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 167 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 168 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 169 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 170 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 171 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 172 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 173 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 174 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 175 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 176 beta beta NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 177 Induction Induction NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 178 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 179 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 180 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 181 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 182 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 183 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 184 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 185 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 186 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 187 III iii CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 188 interferons interferon NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 189 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 190 wild wild JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 191 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 192 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 193 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 194 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 195 strains strain NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 196 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 197 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 198 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 199 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 200 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 201 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 202 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 203 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 204 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 205 Highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 206 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 207 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 208 derived derive VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 209 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 210 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 211 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 212 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 213 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 214 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 290 215 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 2 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 3 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 4 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 5 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 7 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 8 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 9 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 10 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 11 enhancing enhance VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 12 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 13 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 14 maturation maturation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 15 Modulation modulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 17 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 18 systemic systemic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 19 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 20 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 22 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 23 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 24 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 25 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 26 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 27 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 29 Identification identification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 30 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 31 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 32 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 33 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 34 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 35 motif motif NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 36 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 37 optimizes optimize VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 38 sensing sensing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 39 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 40 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 42 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 43 RIG.-I. RIG.-I. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 44 mBio mBio NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 45 Activation Activation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 46 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 47 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 48 beta beta NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 49 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 50 promoter promoter NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 51 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 52 unnatural unnatural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 53 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 54 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 55 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 56 requires require VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 57 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 58 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 59 I i NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 60 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 61 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 62 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 63 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 64 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 65 C c NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 66 proteins protein NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 67 PACT PACT NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 68 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 69 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 70 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 71 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 72 I i NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 73 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 74 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 75 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 76 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 77 Type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 78 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 79 interferon interferon VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 80 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 81 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 82 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 83 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 84 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 85 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 86 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 87 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 88 measles measles NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 89 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 90 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 91 Preference Preference NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 92 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 93 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 94 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 95 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 96 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 97 short short JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 98 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 99 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 100 molecules molecule NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 101 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 102 infected infected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 103 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 104 revealed reveal VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 105 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 106 next next JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 107 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 108 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 109 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 110 TLR tlr NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 111 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 112 independent independent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 113 induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 114 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 115 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 116 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 117 maturation maturation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 118 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 119 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 120 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 121 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 122 negative negative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 123 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 124 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 125 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 291 126 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 2 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 3 ligands ligand NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 5 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 292 7 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 293 1 -I -i WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 293 2 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 293 3 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 293 4 virusinfected virusinfecte VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 293 5 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 1 Nonencapsidated nonencapsidated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 2 5′ 5′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 3 Copy copy VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 5 Back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 6 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 7 Interfering interfering NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 8 Genomes Genomes NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 9 Produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 10 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 11 Recombinant Recombinant NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 12 Measles Measles NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 13 Viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 14 Are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 15 Recognized recognize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 16 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 17 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 18 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 19 I I NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 20 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 21 LGP2 LGP2 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 22 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 23 Not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 24 MDA5 MDA5 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 25 ATPase ATPase NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 26 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 27 driven drive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 28 oligomerization oligomerization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 29 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 30 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 31 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 32 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 33 on on IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 34 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 35 allows allow VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 36 optimal optimal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 37 activation activation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 38 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 39 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 40 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 41 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 42 interferon interferon VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 43 Double double RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 44 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 45 stranded strand VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 46 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 47 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 48 produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 49 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 50 positive positive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 51 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 52 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 53 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 54 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 55 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 56 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 57 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 58 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 59 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 60 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 61 detectable detectable JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 62 amounts amount NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 63 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 64 negative negative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 65 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 66 strand strand NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 67 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 68 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 69 Dicer-2-dependent dicer-2-dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 70 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 71 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 72 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 73 DNA dna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 74 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 75 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 76 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 77 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 78 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 79 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 80 modulates modulate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 81 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 82 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 83 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 84 insects insect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 85 Role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 86 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 87 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 88 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 89 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 90 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 91 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 92 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 93 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 94 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 294 95 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 1 Comparative comparative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 2 study study NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 4 rabies rabies NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 5 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 6 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 8 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 9 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 10 hamster hamster NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 11 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 12 lines line NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 13 Subclinical Subclinical NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 14 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 15 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 16 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 17 resulting result VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 18 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 19 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 20 modulation modulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 22 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 23 lethal lethal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 24 dose dose NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 26 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 27 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 28 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 29 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 30 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 31 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 32 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 295 33 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 1 neurochemical neurochemical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 2 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 3 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 4 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 5 central central JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 6 nervous nervous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 7 system system NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 8 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 9 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 10 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 11 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 12 effects effect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 13 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 14 modulating modulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 16 growth growth NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 18 persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 19 Persistence persistence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 21 virulent virulent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 22 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 23 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 25 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 26 mouse mouse NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 27 brain brain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 28 following follow VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 29 co co NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 30 - - NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 31 inoculation inoculation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 32 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 33 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 34 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 35 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 36 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 37 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 38 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 39 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 40 modulate modulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 41 virulence virulence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 42 Continuous continuous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 43 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 44 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 45 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 46 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 47 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 48 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 49 shows show VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 50 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 51 periodic periodic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 52 accumulation accumulation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 53 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 54 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 55 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 56 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 57 Multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 58 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 59 hit hit VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 60 inhibition inhibition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 61 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 62 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 63 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 64 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 65 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 66 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 67 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 68 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 69 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 70 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 71 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 72 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 73 virus virus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 74 type type NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 75 3 3 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 76 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 77 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 78 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 79 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 80 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 81 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 82 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 83 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 84 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 85 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 86 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 87 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 88 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 89 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 90 time time NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 91 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 92 reevaluate reevaluate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 93 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 94 clinical clinical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 95 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 96 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 97 broad broad JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 98 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 99 spectrum spectrum NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 100 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 296 101 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 1 Targeting target VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 2 pattern pattern NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 3 recognition recognition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 6 PRR PRR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 8 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 9 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 10 adjuvantation adjuvantation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 11 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 12 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 13 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 14 PRR PRR NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 15 agonists agonist NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 16 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 18 potential potential NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 20 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 21 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 22 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 24 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 25 Accumulation Accumulation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 26 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 27 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 28 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 29 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 30 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 31 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 32 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 33 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 34 few few JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 35 passages passage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 36 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 37 Vero Vero NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 38 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 39 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 40 mumps mumps NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 41 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 297 42 neurovirulence neurovirulence NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 2 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 3 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 4 activity activity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 5 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 6 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 7 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 8 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 9 protects protect VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 10 better well RBR cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 11 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 12 virulent virulent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 13 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 14 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 16 than than IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 17 avirulent avirulent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 18 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 19 Interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 20 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 22 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 23 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 24 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 25 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 26 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 28 protects protect VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 29 ferrets ferret NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 30 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 31 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 32 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 33 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 34 allows allow VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 35 them -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 36 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 37 develop develop VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 38 solid solid JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 39 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 40 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 41 reinfection reinfection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 42 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 43 case case NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 44 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 45 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 46 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 47 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 48 control control VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 49 population population NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 50 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 51 wide wide JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 52 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 53 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 54 Conflicting conflict VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 55 selection selection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 56 pressures pressure NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 57 will will MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 58 constrain constrain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 59 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 60 escape escape NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 61 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 62 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 63 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 64 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 65 principles principle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 66 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 67 designing design VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 68 resistance resistance NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 69 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 70 proof proof JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 298 71 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 2 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 3 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 5 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 7 agonist agonist NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 9 RIG rig NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 10 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 11 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 12 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 13 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 14 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 15 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 299 16 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 1 Virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 3 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 4 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 6 induces induce VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 300 7 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 2 IFN IFN NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 3 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 4 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 7 T t NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 9 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 10 responses response NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 11 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 12 vaccination vaccination NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 13 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 14 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 15 broad broad JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 16 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 17 spectrum spectrum NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 18 treatment treatment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 19 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 22 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 23 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 24 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 25 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 26 based base VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 27 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 28 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 29 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 30 provides provide VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 31 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 32 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 33 pneumovirus pneumovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 34 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 35 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 36 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 37 Wide wide JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 38 occurrence occurrence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 39 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 40 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 41 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 42 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 43 RNAs RNAs NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 44 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 45 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 46 live live JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 47 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 49 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 50 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 51 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 52 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 53 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 54 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 55 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 56 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 57 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 58 reference reference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 59 strains strain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 60 Propagation propagation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 61 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 62 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 63 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 64 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 65 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 66 stocks stock NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 67 that that WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 68 lack lack VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 69 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 70 levels level NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 71 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 72 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 73 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 74 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 75 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 76 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 77 mutations mutation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 301 78 Live live RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 1 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 2 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 3 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 4 contains contain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 5 substantial substantial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 6 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 7 unexpected unexpected JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 8 amounts amount NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 9 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 10 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 11 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 12 genomic genomic NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 14 Stochastic stochastic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 15 processes process NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 16 constrain constrain VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 18 within within JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 19 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 20 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 21 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 22 evolution evolution NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 23 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 24 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 302 25 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 1 Paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 2 ultrastructure ultrastructure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 3 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 4 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 5 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 303 6 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 1 cryo cryo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 3 electron electron NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 4 tomography tomography NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 5 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 6 sendai sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 7 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 8 Multi Multi NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 9 - - JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 10 virion virion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 12 units unit NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 13 arise arise VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 14 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 15 free free JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 16 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 17 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 18 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 19 an an DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 20 enveloped envelop VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 21 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 22 Plaques plaque NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 23 formed form VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 24 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 25 mutagenized mutagenized JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 26 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 27 populations population NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 28 have have VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 29 elevated elevate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 30 coinfection coinfection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 31 frequencies frequency NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 32 Modeling model VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 33 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 34 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 35 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 37 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 38 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 39 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 40 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 41 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 42 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 43 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 44 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 45 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 46 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 47 Design design NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 48 requirements requirement NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 49 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 50 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 51 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 52 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 53 maintain maintain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 54 coadaptive coadaptive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 55 stability stability NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 56 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 57 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 58 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 59 analysis analysis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 60 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 61 serum serum NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 62 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 63 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 64 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 65 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 66 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 67 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 68 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 69 revealed reveal VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 70 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 71 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 72 cis cis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 73 elements element NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 74 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 75 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 76 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 77 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 78 assembly assembly NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 79 Identification Identification NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 80 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 81 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 82 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 83 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 84 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 85 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 86 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 87 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 88 porcine porcine JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 89 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 90 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 91 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 92 syndrome syndrome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 93 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 94 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 95 Multiple multiple JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 96 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 97 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 98 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 99 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 100 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 101 plants plant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 102 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 103 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 104 citrus citrus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 105 tristeza tristeza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 106 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 107 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 108 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 109 class class NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 110 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 111 large large JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 112 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 113 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 114 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 115 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 116 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 117 Citrus Citrus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 118 tristeza tristeza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 119 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 120 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 121 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 122 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 123 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 124 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 125 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 126 Berne Berne NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 304 127 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 305 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 305 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 2 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 3 continues continue VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 4 throughout throughout IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 5 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 6 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 7 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 8 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 9 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 10 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 11 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 12 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 13 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 15 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 16 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 18 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 19 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 20 lacking lack VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 21 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 22 long long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 23 open open JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 24 reading reading NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 25 frame frame NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 26 Analysis Analysis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 27 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 28 efficiently efficiently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 29 packaged package VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 30 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 31 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 32 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 33 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 34 murine murine JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 35 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 36 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 37 localization localization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 38 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 39 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 40 possible possible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 41 RNA rna NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 42 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 43 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 44 signal signal NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 45 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 46 domain domain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 47 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 48 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 49 3′ 3′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 50 end end NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 51 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 52 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 53 polymerase polymerase NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 54 gene gene NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 55 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 56 essential essential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 57 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 58 encapsidation encapsidation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 59 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 60 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 61 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 62 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 63 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 64 Molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 65 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 66 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 67 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 68 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 69 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 70 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 71 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 72 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 73 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 74 packaging packaging NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 75 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 76 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 77 Long long JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 78 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 79 term term NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 80 transmission transmission NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 81 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 82 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 83 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 84 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 85 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 86 humans human NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 87 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 88 Aedes Aedes NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 89 mosquitoes mosquitoe VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 90 Detection detection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 91 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 92 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 93 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 94 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 95 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 96 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 97 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 98 C6/36 C6/36 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 99 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 100 persistently persistently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 101 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 102 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 103 dengue dengue NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 104 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 105 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 106 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 107 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 108 homologous homologous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 109 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 110 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 111 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 112 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 113 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 114 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 115 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 116 Vero Vero NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 117 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 118 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 119 Japanese japanese JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 120 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 121 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 122 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 123 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 124 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 125 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 126 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 127 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 128 mutants mutant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 129 circulating circulate VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 130 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 131 chronically chronically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 132 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 133 patients patient NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 134 Naturally naturally RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 135 occurring occur VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 136 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 137 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 138 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 139 subgenomic subgenomic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 140 deletion deletion NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 141 mutants mutant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 142 replicate replicate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 143 efficiently efficiently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 144 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 145 huh-7 huh-7 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 146 Cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 147 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 148 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 149 trans trans NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 150 - - VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 151 packaged package VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 152 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 153 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 154 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 155 generate generate VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 156 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 157 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 158 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 159 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 160 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 161 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 162 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 163 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 164 produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 165 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 166 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 167 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 168 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 169 Vero Vero NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 170 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 171 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 172 Murray Murray NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 173 Valley Valley NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 174 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 175 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 176 Spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 177 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 178 engineered engineered JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 179 deletions deletion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 180 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 181 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 182 3′ 3′ CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 183 noncoding noncoding JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 184 region region NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 185 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 186 tick tick NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 187 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 188 borne bear VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 189 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 190 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 191 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 192 construction construction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 193 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 194 highly highly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 195 attenuated attenuated JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 196 mutants mutant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 197 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 198 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 199 flavivirus flavivirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 200 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 201 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 202 West West NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 203 Nile Nile NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 204 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 205 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 206 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 207 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 208 genetically genetically RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 209 resistant resistant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 210 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 211 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 212 mouse mouse NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 213 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 306 214 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 1 I. I. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 2 Generation Generation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 4 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 5 nonplaquing nonplaquing JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 7 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 8 Defective Defective NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 10 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 11 derived derive VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 12 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 13 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 14 black black JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 15 ring ring NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 17 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 18 interfere interfere VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 19 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 20 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 21 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 22 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 23 parental parental JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 307 24 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 2 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 3 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 5 encephalomyocarditis encephalomyocarditis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 308 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 2 segmented segmented JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 3 form form NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 5 foot foot NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 8 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 9 mouth mouth NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 10 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 11 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 12 interferes interfere VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 13 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 14 standard standard JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 15 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 16 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 17 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 18 link link NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 19 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 20 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 21 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 22 competitive competitive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 23 fitness fitness NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 24 Generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 26 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 27 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 28 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 29 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 30 picornaviruses picornaviruses NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 31 Characterization Characterization NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 32 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 33 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 34 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 35 isolate isolate NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 37 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 38 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 39 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 40 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 41 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 42 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 43 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 44 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 45 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 46 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 47 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 48 rubella rubella NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 49 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 50 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 51 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 52 serial serial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 53 undiluted undiluted JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 54 passage passage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 55 Prevention Prevention NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 56 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 57 death death NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 58 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 59 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 60 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 61 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 62 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 63 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 64 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 65 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 66 administration administration NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 67 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 68 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 69 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 70 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 71 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 72 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 73 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 74 Properties Properties NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 75 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 76 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 77 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 78 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 79 which which WDT cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 80 influence influence VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 81 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 82 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 83 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 84 mediated mediate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 85 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 86 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 87 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 88 mice mouse NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 89 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 90 Semliki Semliki NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 91 Forest Forest NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 309 92 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 1 lethal lethal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 2 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 3 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 4 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 5 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 6 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 7 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 8 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 9 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 10 temperature temperature NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 11 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 12 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 13 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 14 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 15 induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 16 Sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 17 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 18 structure structure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 20 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 21 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 22 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 23 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 24 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 25 cucumber cucumber NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 26 necrosis necrosis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 28 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 29 Turnip Turnip NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 30 crinkle crinkle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 31 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 32 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 33 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 34 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 35 intensify intensify VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 36 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 37 symptoms symptom NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 38 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 39 are be VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 40 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 41 de de IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 42 novo novo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 43 Properties Properties NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 44 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 45 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 46 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 47 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 310 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 2 novel novel JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 3 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 5 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 6 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 7 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 8 suggests suggest VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 9 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 10 unique unique JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 11 strategy strategy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 12 to to TO cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 13 establish establish VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 15 maintain maintain VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 16 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 17 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 18 choriomeningitis choriomeningitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 19 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 20 infections infection NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 21 Interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 22 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 23 inactive inactive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 24 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 25 active active JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 26 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 27 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 28 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 29 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 30 chick chick NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 31 embryo embryo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 311 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 312 1 II II NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 312 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 2 site site NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 4 interference interference NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 5 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 7 nucleic nucleic VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 8 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 9 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 10 relationship relationship NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 11 between between IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 12 biological biological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 15 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 17 particle particle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 18 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 19 properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 21 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 22 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 313 23 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 2 vitro vitro FW cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 3 transcription transcription NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 5 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 6 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 7 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 8 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 9 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 10 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 11 produces produce VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 12 polyadenylic polyadenylic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 13 acid acid NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 14 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 15 containing contain VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 16 complementary complementary JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 17 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 18 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 19 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 20 virulent virulent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 21 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 314 22 avirulent avirulent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 315 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 1 /chicken /chicken NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 2 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 3 Pennsylvania/83 pennsylvania/83 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 4 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 5 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 6 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 7 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 8 potential potential JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 9 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 11 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 12 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 13 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 316 15 nature nature NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 1 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 2 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 3 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 4 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 5 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 6 A A NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 7 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 8 Chicken Chicken NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 9 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 10 Pennsylvania/83 pennsylvania/83 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 11 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 13 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 14 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 15 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 16 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 17 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 18 immunopathological immunopathological JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 19 effects effect NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 20 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 21 infectious infectious JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 22 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 23 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 24 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 25 mouse mouse NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 26 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 27 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 28 influenza influenza NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 29 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 30 confers confer VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 31 only only RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 32 short short RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 33 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 34 lived live VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 35 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 36 against against IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 37 influenza influenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 38 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 39 disease disease NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 40 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 41 evidence evidence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 42 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 43 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 44 role role NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 45 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 46 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 47 immunity immunity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 48 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 49 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 50 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 51 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 52 mediated mediate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 53 protection protection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 54 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 55 vivo vivo NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 56 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 57 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 58 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 59 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 60 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 61 parainfluenza parainfluenza NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 62 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 63 3 3 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 64 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 65 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 66 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 67 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 68 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 69 subacute subacute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 70 sclerosing sclerosing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 71 panencephalitis panencephalitis NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 72 brain brain NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 73 Generation Generation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 74 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 75 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 76 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 77 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 78 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 79 two two CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 80 vaccine vaccine NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 81 strains strain NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 82 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 83 measles measle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 84 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 85 Mumps Mumps NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 86 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 87 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 88 persistently persistently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 89 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 90 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 91 cultures culture NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 92 release release VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 93 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 94 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 95 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 96 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 97 Identification identification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 98 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 99 transcriptive transcriptive JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 100 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 101 replicative replicative JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 102 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 103 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 104 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 105 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 106 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 107 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 317 108 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 2 cloning cloning NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 4 natural natural JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 5 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 6 copy copy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 7 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 8 back back NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 9 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 10 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 11 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 12 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 14 expression expression NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 15 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 16 DNA DNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 17 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 18 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 19 Bunyamwera Bunyamwera NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 20 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 21 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 22 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 23 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 24 Characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 26 Toscana Toscana NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 27 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 28 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 29 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 30 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 31 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 32 generated generate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 33 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 34 vivo vivo NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 35 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 37 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 38 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 39 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 40 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 41 persistently persistently RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 42 infected infect VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 43 macrophage macrophage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 44 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 45 like like JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 46 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 47 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 48 transmissible transmissible JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 49 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 50 component component NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 318 51 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 319 1 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 319 2 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 319 3 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 319 4 preparations preparation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 1 Cyclic cyclic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 2 production production NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 3 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 4 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 5 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 6 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 7 caused cause VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 9 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 10 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 11 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 12 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 13 complete complete JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 14 sequence sequence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 15 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 16 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 17 unique unique JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 19 species specie NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 20 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 21 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 22 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 23 DI DI NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 24 particle particle NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 25 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 26 VSV VSV NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 27 Interference Interference NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 28 among among IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 29 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 30 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 31 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 32 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 33 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 34 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 35 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 36 Very very RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 37 rapid rapid JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 38 generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 39 / / SYM cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 40 amplification amplification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 41 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 42 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 43 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 44 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 45 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 46 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 47 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 48 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 49 variants variant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 50 isolated isolate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 51 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 52 persistent persistent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 320 53 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 321 1 Interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 321 2 induction induction NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 321 3 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 321 4 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 321 5 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 322 1 XIX XIX NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 322 2 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 1 Vesicular vesicular JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 2 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 3 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 4 - - : cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 5 New New NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 6 Jersey Jersey NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 323 7 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 1 high high JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 2 multiplicity multiplicity NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 3 passages passage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 4 generate generate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 5 interferon interferon NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 7 inducing induce VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 8 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 9 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 10 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 11 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 12 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 13 Generation generation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 15 envelope envelope NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 17 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 18 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 20 mutants mutant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 22 tomato tomato NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 23 spotted spot VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 24 wilt wilt NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 25 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 26 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 27 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 324 28 passage passage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 1 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 2 novel novel NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 3 betapartitivirus betapartitivirus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 4 RnPV6 RnPV6 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 5 from from IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 6 Rosellinia Rosellinia NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 7 necatrix necatrix NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 8 tolerates tolerate VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 9 host host NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 11 silencing silencing NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 12 but but CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 13 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 14 interfered interfere VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 15 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 17 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 18 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 19 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 20 virions virion NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 21 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 22 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 23 Segment segment NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 24 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 25 specific specific JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 26 inverted inverted JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 27 repeats repeat NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 28 found find VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 29 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 30 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 31 conserved conserve VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 32 terminal terminal JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 33 sequences sequence NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 34 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 35 wound wound NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 36 tumor tumor NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 37 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 38 genome genome NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 39 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 40 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 41 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 42 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 43 Defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 44 proviruses provirus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 45 rapidly rapidly RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 46 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 47 during during IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 48 acute acute JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 49 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 50 infection infection NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 51 Accumulation Accumulation NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 52 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 53 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 54 viral viral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 55 genomes genome NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 56 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 57 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 58 blood blood NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 59 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 60 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 61 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 62 human human JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 63 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 64 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 65 type type NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 66 1-infected 1-infected CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 67 individuals individual NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 68 Satellite Satellite NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 69 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 70 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 71 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 72 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 73 Plant Plant NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 74 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 75 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 76 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 77 defective defective JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 78 interfering interfere VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 79 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 80 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 81 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 82 paradigms paradigm NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 83 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 84 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 85 new new JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 86 century century NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 87 Properties property NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 88 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 89 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 90 tobacco tobacco NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 91 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 92 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 93 phenotypes phenotype NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 94 expressed express VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 95 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 96 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 97 presence presence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 98 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 99 absence absence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 100 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 101 helper helper NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 102 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 103 A a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 104 classification classification NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 105 system system NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 106 for for IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 107 virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 108 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 109 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 325 110 viruses virus NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 1 Virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 3 associated associate VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 4 small small JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 5 satellite satellite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 6 RNAs rna NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 7 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 8 viroids viroid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 9 display display VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 10 similarities similarity NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 11 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 13 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 14 strategies strategy NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 15 What what WP cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 16 has have VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 17 been be VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 18 happening happen VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 19 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 20 viroids viroid NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 326 21 ? ? . cord-318495-1w74wf02 327 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 327 2 expanding expand VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 327 3 family family NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 327 4 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 327 5 virophages virophages NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 2 virophage virophage NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 3 as as IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 4 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 5 unique unique JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 6 parasite parasite NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 7 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 8 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 9 giant giant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 10 mimivirus mimivirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 11 Ecogenomics Ecogenomics NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 12 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 13 virophages virophage NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 14 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 16 giant giant JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 17 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 18 hosts host NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 19 assessed assess VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 20 through through IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 21 time time NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 22 series series NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 23 metagenomics metagenomic NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 24 Capsid Capsid NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 25 protein protein NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 26 structure structure NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 27 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 28 self self NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 29 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 30 assembly assembly NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 31 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 32 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 33 processing process VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 34 reveal reveal VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 35 morphogenesis morphogenesis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 36 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 37 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 38 marine marine JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 39 virophage virophage NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 40 mavirus mavirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 41 Virus Virus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 42 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 43 Like Like NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 44 Vesicles Vesicles NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 45 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 46 Kaposi Kaposi NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 47 's 's POS cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 48 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 49 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 50 Associated Associated NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 51 Herpesvirus Herpesvirus NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 52 Activate activate VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 53 Lytic lytic JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 54 Replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 55 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 56 Triggering trigger VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 57 Differentiation differentiation NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 58 Signaling signal VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 59 Ultrastructural Ultrastructural NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 60 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 61 biophysical biophysical JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 62 characterization characterization NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 63 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 64 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 65 C C NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 66 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 67 particles particle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 68 produced produce VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 69 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 70 cell cell NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 328 71 culture culture NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 1 Extracellular Extracellular NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 2 vesicles vesicle NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 3 released release VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 4 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 5 herpes herpes NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 6 simplex simplex NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 7 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 8 1 1 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 9 infected infect VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 10 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 11 block block VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 12 virus virus NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 13 replication replication NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 14 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 15 recipient recipient NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 16 cells cell NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 17 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 18 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 19 STING sting NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 20 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 21 dependent dependent JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 329 22 manner manner NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 1 This this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 2 work work NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 3 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 4 supported support VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 5 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 6 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 7 US US NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 8 National National NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 9 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 10 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 11 Health Health NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 12 National National NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 13 Institute Institute NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 14 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 15 Allergy Allergy NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 16 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 17 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 18 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 20 grants grant NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 21 nos nos NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 330 22 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 1 NIH NIH NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 2 AI083284 AI083284 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 4 AI137062 AI137062 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 5 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 6 AI134862 ai134862 NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 7 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 8 C.B.L. C.B.L. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 10 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 12 DARPA DARPA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 13 INTERCEPT INTERCEPT NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 14 program program NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 16 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 17 M.V. M.V. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 19 managed manage VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 20 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 21 J. J. NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 22 Gimlett Gimlett NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 23 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 24 administered administer VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 25 though though IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 26 DARPA DARPA NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 27 Cooperative Cooperative NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 28 Agreement Agreement NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 30 grant grant VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 31 no no NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 331 32 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 1 HR0011 HR0011 NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 2 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 3 17 17 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 4 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 5 2 2 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 6 - - HYPH cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 7 0023 0023 CD cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-318495-1w74wf02 332 9 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 1 In in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 2 addition addition NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 3 , , , cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 4 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 5 work work NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 6 was be VBD cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 7 supported support VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 8 by by IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 9 a a DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 10 Fulbright Fulbright NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 11 US US NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 12 Scholar Scholar NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 13 award award NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 14 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 333 15 C.B.L. c.b.l. NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 2 views view NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 3 expressed express VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 4 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 5 this this DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 6 article article NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 7 do do VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 8 not not RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 9 necessarily necessarily RB cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 10 represent represent VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 11 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 12 position position NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 13 or or CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 14 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 15 policy policy NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 16 of of IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 17 the the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 18 US US NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 334 19 government government NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 1 The the DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 2 authors author NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 3 declare declare VBP cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 4 no no DT cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 5 competing compete VBG cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 6 interests interest NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 335 7 . . . cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 1 Reprints reprint NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 2 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 3 permissions permission NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 4 information information NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 5 is be VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 6 available available JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 7 at at IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 8 www.nature.com/reprints.Correspondence www.nature.com/reprints.correspondence NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 9 should should MD cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 10 be be VB cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 11 addressed address VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 12 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 13 C.B.L.Publisher C.B.L.Publisher NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 14 's 's POS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 15 note note NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 16 : : : cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 17 Springer Springer NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 18 Nature Nature NNP cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 19 remains remain VBZ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 20 neutral neutral JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 21 with with IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 22 regard regard NN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 23 to to IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 24 jurisdictional jurisdictional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 25 claims claim NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 26 in in IN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 27 published publish VBN cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 28 maps map NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 29 and and CC cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 30 institutional institutional JJ cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 31 affiliations affiliation NNS cord-318495-1w74wf02 336 32 . . .