id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 1 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 3 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 5 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 19 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 20 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 21 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 22 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 23 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 2 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 3 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 6 discuss discuss VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 8 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 11 talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 12 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 2 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 2 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 3 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 5 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 7 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 8 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 9 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 10 messages message NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 12 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 13 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 14 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 16 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 17 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 19 read read VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 21 navigate navigate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 22 comfortably comfortably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 3 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 2 readable readable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 3 prose prose NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 4 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 6 96 96 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 7 kilobytes kilobyte NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 4 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 2 consider consider VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 3 splitting split VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 4 content content NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 6 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 8 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 10 condensing condense VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 14 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 15 subheadings subheading NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 5 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 3 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 5 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 6 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 7 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 8 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 9 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 10 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 6 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 2 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 5 verifying verify VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 7 claims claim NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 8 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 10 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 11 inline inline JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 12 citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 7 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 1 Statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 2 consisting consist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 3 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 5 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 6 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 7 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 9 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 8 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 3 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 6 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 11 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 13 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 14 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 16 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 17 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 19 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 20 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 21 specify specify VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 23 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 26 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 27 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 28 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 29 content content NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 31 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 32 { { -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 33 { { -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 34 lang lang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 35 } } -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 36 } } -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 38 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 39 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 40 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 41 ISO iso NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 42 639 639 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 43 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 9 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 10 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 10 2 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 10 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 3 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 6 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 11 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 13 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 14 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 16 Languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 17 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 19 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 20 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 22 Geographic Geographic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 23 distribution distribution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 24 Originated Originated NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 26 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 27 Latium Latium NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 29 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 31 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 33 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 34 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 35 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 36 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 37 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 38 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 39 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 40 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 42 Americas Americas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 45 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 47 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 50 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 52 Southeast Southeast NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 53 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 55 Oceania Oceania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 56 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 57 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 58 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 59 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 60 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 61 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 62 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 63 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 64 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 65 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 66 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 67 Subdivisions Subdivisions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 68 Italo italo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 69 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 70 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 71 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 72 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 73 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 74 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 75 † † JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 76 Pannonian pannonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 77 † † JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 78 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 79 † † PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 80 ISO ISO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 81 639 639 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 82 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 83 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 84 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 85 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 86 roa roa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 87 Linguasphere Linguasphere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 88 51- 51- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 89 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 90 phylozone phylozone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 91 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 92 Glottolog Glottolog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 93 roma1334[1 roma1334[1 NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 94 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 95       _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 96 Official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 97 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 98       _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 99 Co Co NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 100 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 101 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 102 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 103 coexists coexist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 104 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 105 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 106 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 107       _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 108 Cultural Cultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 109 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 110 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 111 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 112 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 113 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 114 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 115 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 116 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 117 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 118 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 119 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 120 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 121 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 122 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 123 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 124 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 125 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 126 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 127 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 128 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 129 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 130 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 131 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 132 Albanian Albanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 133 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 134 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 135 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 136 Balto Balto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 137 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 138 Slavic Slavic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 139 Baltic baltic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 140 Slavic Slavic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 141 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 142 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 143 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 144 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 145 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 146 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 147 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 148 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 149 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 150 Aryan aryan JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 151 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 152 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 153 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 154 Extinct Extinct NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 155 Anatolian anatolian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 156 Tocharian Tocharian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 157 Paleo Paleo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 158 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 159 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 160 Dacian dacian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 161 Illyrian illyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 162 Liburnian liburnian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 163 Messapian messapian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 164 Mysian mysian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 165 Paeonian paeonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 166 Phrygian phrygian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 167 Thracian Thracian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 168 Reconstructed reconstruct VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 169 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 170 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 171 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 172 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 173 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 174 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 175 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 176 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 177 Sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 178 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 179 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 180 Accent Accent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 181 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 182 Ablaut Ablaut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 183 Hypothetical Hypothetical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 184 Daco Daco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 185 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 186 Thracian Thracian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 187 Graeco Graeco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 188 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 189 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 190 Graeco Graeco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 191 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 192 Aryan Aryan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 193 Graeco Graeco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 194 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 195 Phrygian Phrygian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 196 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 197 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 198 Hittite Hittite NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 199 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 200 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 201 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 202 Thraco Thraco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 203 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 204 Illyrian Illyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 205 Grammar Grammar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 206 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 207 Root Root NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 208 Verbs Verbs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 209 Nouns Nouns NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 210 Pronouns Pronouns NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 211 Numerals Numerals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 212 Particles Particles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 213 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 214 Proto proto JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 215 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 216 Albanian Albanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 217 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 218 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 219 Anatolian Anatolian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 220 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 221 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 222 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 223 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 224 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 225 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 226 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 227 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 228 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 229 Norse Norse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 230 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 231 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 232 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 233 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 234 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 235 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 236 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 237 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 238 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 239 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 240 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 241 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 242 Balto Balto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 243 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 244 Slavic Slavic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 245 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 246 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 247 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 248 Slavic Slavic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 249 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 250 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 251 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 252 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 253 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 254 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 255 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 256 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 257 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 258 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 259 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 260 Philology Philology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 261 Hittite Hittite NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 262 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 263 Hieroglyphic hieroglyphic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 264 Luwian Luwian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 265 Linear Linear NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 266 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 267 Rigveda Rigveda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 268 Avesta Avesta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 269 Homer Homer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 270 Behistun Behistun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 271 Gaulish gaulish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 272 epigraphy epigraphy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 273 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 274 epigraphy epigraphy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 275 Runic runic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 276 epigraphy epigraphy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 277 Ogam Ogam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 278 Gothic Gothic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 279 Bible Bible NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 280 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 281 Bible Bible NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 282 Slanting Slanting NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 283 Brahmi Brahmi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 284 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 285 Irish irish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 286 glosses gloss NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 287 Origins Origins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 288 Homeland Homeland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 289 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 290 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 291 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 292 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 293 Europeans Europeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 294 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 295 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 296 Mainstream Mainstream NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 297 Kurgan Kurgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 298 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 299 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 300 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 301 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 302 migrations migration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 303 Eurasian eurasian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 304 nomads nomad NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 305 Alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 306 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 307 fringe fringe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 308 Anatolian anatolian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 309 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 310 Armenian armenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 311 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 312 Indigenous Indigenous NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 313 Aryans Aryans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 314 Baltic Baltic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 315 homeland homeland NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 316 Paleolithic Paleolithic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 317 Continuity Continuity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 318 Theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 319 Archaeology Archaeology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 320 Chalcolithic Chalcolithic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 321 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 322 Copper Copper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 323 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 324 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 325 Pontic Pontic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 326 Steppe Steppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 327 Domestication Domestication NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 328 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 329 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 330 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 331 Kurgan Kurgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 332 Kurgan Kurgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 333 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 334 Steppe Steppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 335 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 336 Bug bug NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 337 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 338 Dniester Dniester NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 339 Sredny Sredny NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 340 Stog Stog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 341 Dnieper Dnieper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 342 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 343 Donets Donets NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 344 Samara Samara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 345 Khvalynsk Khvalynsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 346 Yamnaya Yamnaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 347 Mikhaylovka Mikhaylovka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 348 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 349 Novotitorovka Novotitorovka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 350 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 351 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 352 Maykop Maykop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 353 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 354 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 355 Afanasievo Afanasievo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 356 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 357 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 358 Usatovo Usatovo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 359 Cernavodă Cernavodă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 360 Cucuteni Cucuteni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 361 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 362 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 363 Corded cord VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 364 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 365 Baden Baden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 366 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 367 Dnieper Dnieper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 368 Bronze Bronze NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 369 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 370 Pontic Pontic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 371 Steppe Steppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 372 Chariot Chariot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 373 Yamnaya Yamnaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 374 Catacomb Catacomb NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 375 Multi Multi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 376 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 377 cordoned cordoned JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 378 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 379 Poltavka Poltavka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 380 Srubna Srubna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 381 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 382 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 383 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 384 Steppe Steppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 385 Abashevo Abashevo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 386 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 387 Andronovo Andronovo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 388 Sintashta Sintashta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 389 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 390 Globular Globular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 391 Amphora Amphora NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 392 Corded cord VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 393 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 394 Beaker Beaker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 395 Unetice Unetice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 396 Trzciniec Trzciniec NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 397 Nordic Nordic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 398 Bronze Bronze NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 399 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 400 Terramare Terramare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 401 Tumulus Tumulus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 402 Urnfield Urnfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 403 Lusatian Lusatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 404 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 405 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 406 BMAC BMAC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 407 Yaz Yaz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 408 Gandhara Gandhara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 409 grave grave NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 410 Iron Iron NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 411 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 412 Steppe Steppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 413 Chernoles Chernoles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 414 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 415 Thraco Thraco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 416 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 417 Cimmerian Cimmerian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 418 Hallstatt Hallstatt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 419 Jastorf Jastorf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 420 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 421 Colchian Colchian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 422 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 423 Painted Painted NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 424 Grey Grey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 425 Ware Ware NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 426 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 427 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 428 Polished Polished NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 429 Ware Ware NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 430 Peoples Peoples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 431 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 432 societies societie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 433 Bronze Bronze NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 434 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 435 Anatolian anatolian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 436 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 437 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 438 Hittites Hittites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 439 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 440 Armenians Armenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 441 Mycenaean Mycenaean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 442 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 443 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 444 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 445 Iranians Iranians NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 446 Iron Iron NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 447 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 448 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 449 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 450 Aryans Aryans NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 451 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 452 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 453 Aryans Aryans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 454 Iranians Iranians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 455 Iranians Iranians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 456 Persians Persians NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 457 Medes Medes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 458 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 459 Scythians Scythians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 460 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 461 Sarmatians Sarmatians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 462 Massagetae Massagetae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 463 Alans Alans NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 464 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 465 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 466 Wusun Wusun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 467 Yuezhi Yuezhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 468 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 469 Celts Celts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 470 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 471 Celtiberians celtiberian VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 472 Insular Insular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 473 Celts Celts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 474 Cimmerians Cimmerians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 475 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 476 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 477 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 478 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 479 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 480 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 481 Paleo Paleo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 482 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 483 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 484 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 485 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 486 Thracians Thracians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 487 Dacians Dacians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 488 Illyrians Illyrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 489 Phrygians Phrygians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 490 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 491 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 492 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 493 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 494 Tocharians Tocharians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 495 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 496 Albanians albanian VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 497 Balts Balts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 498 Slavs Slavs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 499 Norsemen Norsemen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 500 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 501 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 502 Scandinavians Scandinavians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 503 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 504 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 505 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 506 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 507 Aryan Aryan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 508 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 509 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 510 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 511 Greater Greater NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 512 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 513 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 514 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 515 mythology mythology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 516 Reconstructed Reconstructed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 517 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 518 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 519 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 520 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 521 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 522 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 523 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 524 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 525 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 526 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 527 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 528 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 529 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 530 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 531 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 532 Historical Historical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 533 Hittite Hittite NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 534 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 535 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 536 Aryan aryan JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 537 Vedic Vedic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 538 Hinduism Hinduism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 539 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 540 Jainism Jainism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 541 Sikhism Sikhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 542 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 543 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 544 Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 545 Kurdish Kurdish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 546 Yazidism Yazidism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 547 Yarsanism Yarsanism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 548 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 549 Ossetian Ossetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 550 Others Others NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 551 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 552 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 553 Paleo Paleo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 554 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 555 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 556 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 557 Albanian albanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 558 · · NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 559 Illyrian illyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 560 · · NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 561 Thracian thracian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 562 · · NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 563 Dacian Dacian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 564 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 565 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 566 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 567 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 568 Irish irish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 569 Scottish Scottish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 570 Breton Breton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 571 Welsh Welsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 572 Cornish Cornish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 573 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 574 Anglo Anglo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 575 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 576 Saxon Saxon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 577 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 578 Norse Norse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 579 Baltic Baltic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 580 Latvian latvian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 581 Lithuanian lithuanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 582 Slavic Slavic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 583 Practices Practices NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 584 Fire Fire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 585 sacrifice sacrifice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 586 Horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 587 sacrifice sacrifice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 588 Sati Sati NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 589 Winter Winter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 590 solstice solstice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 591 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 592 Yule Yule NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 593 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 594 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 595 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 596 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 597 Scholars Scholars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 598 Marija Marija NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 599 Gimbutas Gimbutas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 600 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 601 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 602 Mallory Mallory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 603 Institutes Institutes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 604 Copenhagen Copenhagen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 605 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 606 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 607 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 608 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 609 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 610 Publications Publications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 611 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 612 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 613 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 614 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 615 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 616 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 617 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 618 Horse Horse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 619 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 620 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 621 Wheel Wheel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 622 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 623 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 624 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 625 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 626 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 627 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 628 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 629 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 630 Indogermanisches Indogermanisches NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 631 etymologisches etymologische VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 632 Wörterbuch Wörterbuch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 633 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 634 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 635 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 636 Etymological Etymological NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 637 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 638 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 639 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 640 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 641 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 642 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 643 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 644 IPA ipa JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 645 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 646 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 11 647 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 1 Without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 2 proper proper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 3 rendering rendering JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 4 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 8 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 9 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 10 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 12 boxes box NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 16 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 17 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 19 Unicode Unicode NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 20 characters character NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 12 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 2 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 3 introductory introductory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 4 guide guide NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 6 IPA ipa JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 7 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 9 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 10 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 12 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 13 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 5 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 6 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 7 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 11 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 13 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 18 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 21 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 23 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 24 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 25 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 27 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 29 eighth eighth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 30 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 14 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 7 subgroup subgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 10 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 14 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 16 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 17 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 18 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 15 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 2 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 3 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 4 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 5 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 6 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 11 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 12 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 14 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 16 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 18 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 21 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 23 270 270 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 25 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 28 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 30 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 32 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 35 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 37 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 38   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 39 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 43 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 45 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 46   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 47 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 16 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 1 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 3 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 7 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 10 closest close JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 12 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 14 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 16 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 18 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 20 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 24 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 25 divergent divergent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 26 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 27 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 17 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 1 Taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 2 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 3 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 4 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 9 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 10 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 12 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 17 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 19 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 21 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 23 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 25 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 26 differentiated differentiated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 28 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 31 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 32 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 33 closer close JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 35 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 36 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 37 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 18 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 2 3][4][5 3][4][5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 7 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 10 closer close JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 12 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 13 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 16 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 17 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 19 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 2 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 3 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 4 900 900 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 5 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 6 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 7 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 12 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 13 worldwide worldwide RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 15 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 18 Americas Americas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 20 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 23 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 25 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 20 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 2 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 3 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 7 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 8 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 9 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 10 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 11 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 15 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 16 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 18 lingua lingua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 19 franca franca FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 21 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 6 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 7 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 9 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 14 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 15 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 16 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 17 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 19 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 20 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 22 Madagascar Madagascar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 24 Mauritius Mauritius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 26 Seychelles Seychelles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 28 Comoros Comoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 30 Djibouti Djibouti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 32 Lebanon Lebanon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 35 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 36 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 38 excluding exclude VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 39 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 41 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 42 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 43 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 45 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 46 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 22 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 4 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 6 assign assign VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 7 rigid rigid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 8 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 10 phenomena phenomenon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 16 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 19 continuum continuum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 21 estimates estimate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 24 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 26 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 27 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 28 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 29 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 23 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 4 Dalby Dalby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 5 lists list VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 6 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 8 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 11 criterion criterion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 13 mutual mutual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 14 intelligibility intelligibility NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 24 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 2 7 7 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 5 following following NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 6 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 7 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 9 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 10 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 12 living living NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 16 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 17 extinct extinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 18 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 20 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 22 Ibero Ibero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 24 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 26 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 28 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 30 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 32 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 34 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 36 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 38 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 40 Ladino Ladino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 42 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 44 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 46 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 47 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 48 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 49 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 50 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 51 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 52 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 53 Valencian Valencian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 55 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 56 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 57 lenga lenga JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 58 d'oc d'oc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 59 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 61 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 62 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 63 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 64 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 65 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 66 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 67 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 68 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 69 Oïl oïl JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 70 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 72 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 73 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 74 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 75 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 76 Arpitan Arpitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 77 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 78 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 79 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 80 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 81 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 82 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 83 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 85 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 87 Friulian friulian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 88 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 89 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 90 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 91 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 92 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 93 Piedmontese piedmontese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 94 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 95 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 96 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 97 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 98 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 99 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 100 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 101 Romagnol Romagnol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 102 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 103 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 104 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 105 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 106 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 107 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 108 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 109 Tuscan Tuscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 110 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 111 Romanesco Romanesco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 112 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 113 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 114 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 115 Sassarese Sassarese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 116 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 117 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 118 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 119 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 121 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 122 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 123 extinct extinct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 124 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 125 1898 1898 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 126 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 127 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 128 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 129 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 130 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 131 disputed dispute VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 132 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 133 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 134 Istriot Istriot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 135 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 136 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 137 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 138 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 139 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 140 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 141 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 142 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 143 standard standard NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 144 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 145 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 146 Daco Daco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 147 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 148 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 149 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 150 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 151 Istro Istro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 152 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 153 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 154 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 155 Megleno Megleno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 156 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 157 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 158 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 159 Aromanian Aromanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 25 160 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 3 Name name NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 5 Samples sample NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 6 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 7 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 9 related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 11 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 12 Proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 13 divisions division NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 14 3.1.1 3.1.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 15 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 17 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 18 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 19 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 20 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 21 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 22 3.1.2 3.1.2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 23 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 26 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 27 3.2 3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 28 Pidgins Pidgins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 30 creoles creole NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 33 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 34 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 35 3.3 3.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 36 Auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 38 constructed construct VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 39 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 40 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 41 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 42 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 43 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 44 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 45 5.1 5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 46 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 47 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 48 5.2 5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 49 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 52 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 53 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 54 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 55 5.3 5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 56 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 59 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 60 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 61 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 62 5.4 5.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 63 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 64 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 65 5.5 5.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 66 Recognition Recognition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 67 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 68 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 69 vernaculars vernacular NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 70 5.6 5.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 71 Uniformization uniformization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 72 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 73 standardization standardization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 74 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 75 Sound Sound NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 76 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 77 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 78 Consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 79 6.1.1 6.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 80 Apocope Apocope NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 81 6.1.2 6.1.2 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 82 Palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 83 6.1.3 6.1.3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 84 Lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 85 6.1.4 6.1.4 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 86 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 87 prosthesis prosthesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 88 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 89 Stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 90 vowels vowels NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 91 6.2.1 6.2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 92 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 93 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 94 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 95 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 96 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 97 reorientation reorientation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 98 6.2.2 6.2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 99 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 100 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 101 6.2.3 6.2.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 102 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 103 developments development NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 104 6.2.3.1 6.2.3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 105 Metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 106 6.2.3.2 6.2.3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 107 Diphthongization Diphthongization NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 108 6.2.3.3 6.2.3.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 109 Nasalization nasalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 110 6.2.4 6.2.4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 111 Front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 112 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 113 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 114 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 115 6.3 6.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 116 Unstressed unstresse VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 117 vowels vowel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 118 6.4 6.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 119 Intertonic Intertonic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 120 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 121 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 122 Writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 123 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 124 7.1 7.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 125 Letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 126 7.2 7.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 127 Digraphs Digraphs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 128 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 129 trigraphs trigraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 130 7.2.1 7.2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 131 Double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 132 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 133 7.3 7.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 134 Diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 135 7.4 7.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 136 Upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 137 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 138 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 139 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 140 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 141 Vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 142 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 143 8.1 8.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 144 Degrees degree NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 145 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 146 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 147 similarity similarity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 148 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 149 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 150 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 151 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 152 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 153 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 154 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 155 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 156 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 157 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 158 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 159 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 160 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 161 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 162 Name[edit name[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 163 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 164 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 165 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 166 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 167 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 168 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 169 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 170 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 171 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 172 adverb adverb NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 173 romanice romanice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 174 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 175 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 176 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 177 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 178 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 179 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 180 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 181 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 182 Romanicus Romanicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 183 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 184 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 185 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 186 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 187 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 188 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 189 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 190 romanice romanice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 191 loqui loqui NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 192 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 193 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 194 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 195 speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 196 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 197 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 198 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 199 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 200 that that RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 201 is is RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 202 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 203 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 204 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 205 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 206 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 207 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 208 contrasted contrast VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 209 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 210 latine latine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 211 loqui loqui NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 212 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 213 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 214 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 215 speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 216 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 217 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 218 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 219 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 220 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 221 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 222 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 223 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 224 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 225 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 226 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 227 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 228 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 229 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 230 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 231 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 232 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 233 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 234 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 235 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 236 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 237 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 238 lingua lingua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 239 franca franca JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 240 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 241 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 242 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 243 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 244 barbarice barbarice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 245 loqui loqui NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 246 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 247 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 248 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 249 speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 250 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 251 Barbarian Barbarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 252 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 253 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 254 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 255 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 256 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 257 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 258 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 259 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 260 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 261 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 262 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 263 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 264 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 265 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 266 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 267 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 26 268 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 6 adverb adverb NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 8 noun noun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 9 romance romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 10 originated originate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 13 applied apply VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 14 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 16 anything anything NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 17 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 18 romanice romanice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 25 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 27 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 2 citation citation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 5 Samples[edit Samples[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 7 Lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 9 grammatical grammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 10 similarities similarity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 11 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 17 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 18 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 20 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 22 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 24 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 25 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 28 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 29 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 30 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 32 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 33 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 35 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 36 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 37 lects lect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 38 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 39 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 41 She -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 42 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 43 closes close VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 45 window window NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 46 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 47 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 48 dines dine VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 49 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 50 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 51 dining dining NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 28 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 1 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 3 Ea Ea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 5 semper semper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 6 antequam antequam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 7 cenat cenat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 8 fenestram fenestram NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 9 claudit claudit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 29 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 1 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 3 Illa Illa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 5 ipsa ipsa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 6 claudit claudit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 7 semper semper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 8 illa illa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 9 fenestra fenestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 10 antequa antequa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 12 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 14 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 16 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 17 prima prima NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 19 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 20 cenare cenare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 21 Apulian Apulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 23 Jèdde Jèdde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 25 akjude akjude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 26 sèmbe sèmbe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 27 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 28 fenèstre fenèstre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 29 prime prime NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 30 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 31 mangè mangè FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 30 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 1 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 5 zarra zarra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 6 siempre siempre VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 8 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 9 antes ante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 10 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 11 cenar cenar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 31 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 1 Aromanian Aromanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 3 Ea Ea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 5 Nâsa Nâsa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 7 ãncljidi ãncljidi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 8 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 9 nkidi nkidi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 10 totna totna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 11 firida firida NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 12 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 13 fireastra fireastra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 14 ninti ninti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 15 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 16 tsinã tsinã NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 32 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 1 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 5 pieslla pieslla NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 6 siempres siempre VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 9 enantes enantes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 11 cenar cenar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 33 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 1 Cantabrian Cantabrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 5 tranca tranca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 6 siempri siempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 9 enantis enantis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 10 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 11 cenar cenar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 34 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 5 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 6 tanca tanca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 8 clou clou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 9 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 10 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 11 abans abans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 12 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 13 sopar sopar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 35 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 1 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 2 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 4 chjode chjode NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 5 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 6 chjude chjude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 7 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 8 lu lu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 10 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 11 purtellu purtellu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 12 avanti avanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 14 nanzu nanzu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 15 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 16 cenà cenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 36 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 1 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 2 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 3 Edda Edda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 5 Idda Idda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 6 sarra sarra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 8 serra serra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 9 sempri sempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 10 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 11 purteddu purteddu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 12 nanzu nanzu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 13 / / CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 14 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 15 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 16 cinà cinà NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 37 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 1 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 3 Reggiano Reggiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 6 Lē Lē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 9 sèra sèra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 10 sèmpar sèmpar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 11 sù sù NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 12 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 13 fnèstra fnèstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 14 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 15 ad ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 16 snàr snàr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 38 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 1 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 3 Bolognese Bolognese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 6 Lî Lî NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 9 sèra sèra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 10 sänper sänper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 11 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 12 fnèstra fnèstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 13 prémma prémma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 14 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 15 dṡnèr dṡnèr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 39 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 1 Extremaduran Extremaduran NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 5 afecha afecha VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 6 siempri siempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 9 antis antis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 11 cenal cenal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 40 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 1 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 3 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 5 Le Le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 7 sarre sarre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 8 toltin toltin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 10 tojor tojor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 11 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 12 fenétra fenétra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 13 avan avan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 14 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 15 goutâ goutâ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 16 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 17 dinar dinar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 18 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 19 sopar sopar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 41 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 2 Elle Elle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 3 ferme ferme IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 4 toujours toujours FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 5 la la FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 6 fenêtre fenêtre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 7 avant avant FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 8 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 9 dîner dîner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 10 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 11 souper souper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 42 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 1 Friulian Friulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 3 Jê Jê NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 5 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 6 siere siere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 7 simpri simpri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 8 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 9 barcon barcon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 10 prin prin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 11 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 12 cenâ cenâ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 43 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 1 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 3 Ela ela NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 5 pecha pecha NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 7 fecha fecha NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 8 sempre sempre VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 10 fiestra fiestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 11 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 12 xanela xanela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 13 antes antes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 14 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 15 cear cear NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 44 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 1 Gallurese Gallurese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 2 Idda Idda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 3 chjude chjude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 4 sempri sempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 5 lu lu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 6 balconi balconi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 7 primma primma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 8 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 9 cinà cinà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 45 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 1 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 5 lei lei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 7 chiude chiude NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 9 archaic archaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 11 serra serra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 13 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 14 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 15 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 16 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 18 archaic archaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 20 avanti avanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 22 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 23 cenare cenare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 46 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 1 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 3 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 4 אֵילייה אֵילייה NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 5 סֵירּה סֵירּה NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 6 סײֵמפּרֵי סײֵמפּרֵי NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 7 לה לה NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 8 בֵֿינטאנה בֵֿינטאנה NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 9 אנטֵיס אנטֵיס . en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 10 דֵי דֵי NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 11 סֵינאר.‎‎ סֵינאר.‎‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 12 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 13 cerra cerra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 14 siempre siempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 15 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 16 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 17 antes antes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 18 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 19 cenar cenar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 47 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 1 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 2 Badiot Badiot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 4 Ëra Ëra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 5 stlüj stlüj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 6 dagnora dagnora NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 8 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 9 impröma impröma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 11 cenè cenè NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 48 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 1 Centro Centro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 2 Cadore Cadore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 4 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 5 sera sera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 6 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 8 fenestra fenestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 9 gnante gnante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 10 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 11 disna disna NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 49 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 1 Auronzo Auronzo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 2 di di FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 3 Cadore cadore NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 4 : : . en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 5 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 6 sera sera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 7 sempro sempro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 9 fenestra fenestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 10 davoi davoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 11 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 12 disnà disnà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 50 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 1 Gherdëina Gherdëina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 3 Ëila Ëila VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 4 stluj stluj NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 6 l l NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 7 viere viere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 8 dan dan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 9 maië maië NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 10 da da NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 11 cëina cëina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 51 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 1 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 3 Eilla Eilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 5 pecha pecha NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 6 siempre siempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 9 primeiru primeiru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 11 cenare cenare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 52 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 1 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 3 Le Le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 6 saera saera NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 7 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 8 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 9 barcun barcun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 10 primma primma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 11 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 12 cenà cenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 53 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 54 1 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 54 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 54 3 east east NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 54 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 54 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 2 Bergamasque Bergamasque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 5 Lé Lé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 8 sèra sèra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 9 sèmper sèmper NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 10 sö sö NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 11 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 12 finèstra finèstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 13 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 14 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 15 senà senà FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 55 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 56 1 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 56 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 56 3 west west NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 56 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 56 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 2 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 4 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 5 sara sara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 6 sù sù NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 7 semper semper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 9 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 10 primma primma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 11 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 12 disnà disnà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 14 scenà scenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 57 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 1 Magoua Magoua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 3 Elle Elle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 5 à à NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 6 fàrm fàrm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 7 toujour toujour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 8 là là NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 9 fnèt fnèt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 10 àvan àvan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 11 k'à k'à NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 12 manj manj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 58 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 1 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 3 Eilha Eilha NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 5 cerra cerra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 6 siempre siempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 8 bentana bentana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 10 jinela jinela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 11 atrás atrás NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 12 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 13 jantar jantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 59 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 1 Mozarabic mozarabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 2 آلي آلي NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 3 كلودات كلودات NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 4 سامبرا سامبرا VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 5 ل ل NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 6 فيناستر فيناستر NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 7 أبنتا أبنتا NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 8 د د CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 9 جانرا.‎‎ جانرا.‎‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 10 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 11 cloudet cloudet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 12 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 13 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 14 fainestra fainestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 15 abante abante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 16 da da NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 17 cenare cenare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 60 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 2 reconstructed reconstruct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 4 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 5 Essa Essa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 7 nzerra nzerra NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 8 sempe sempe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 9 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 11 fenesta fenesta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 12 primma primma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 13 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 14 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 15 cenà cenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 61 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 1 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 2 Lli Lli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 3 barre barre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 4 tréjous tréjous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 6 crouésie crouésie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 7 devaunt devaunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 8 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 9 daîner daîner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 62 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 1 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 3 Ela Ela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 5 barra barra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 7 tanca tanca VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 8 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 10 totjorn totjorn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 11 la la FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 12 fenèstra fenèstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 13 abans abans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 14 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 15 sopar sopar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 63 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 1 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 2 Ale Ale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 3 frunme frunme RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 4 tojours tojour VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 5 l l NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 7 creusèe creusèe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 8 édvint édvint NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 9 éd éd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 10 souper souper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 64 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 1 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 2 Chila Chila NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 4 sara sara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 5 sèmper sèmper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 6 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 7 fnestra fnestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 8 dnans dnans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 9 ëd ëd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 10 fé fé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 11 sin sin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 13 a a FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 14 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 15 dnans dnan NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 16 ëd ëd IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 17 siné siné NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 65 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 1 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 3 Ela ela NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 5 fecha fecha NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 6 sempre sempre VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 8 janela janela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 9 antes antes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 11 jantar jantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 12 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 13 cear cear NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 14 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 15 comer comer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 66 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 1 Romagnol Romagnol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 3 Lia Lia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 6 ciud ciud VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 7 sëmpra sëmpra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 9 fnèstra fnèstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 10 prëma prëma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 11 ad ad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 12 magnè magnè NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 67 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 1 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 2 Ea Ea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 3 închide închide NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 4 întotdeauna întotdeauna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 5 fereastra fereastra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 6 înainte înainte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 7 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 9 cina cina NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 68 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 1 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 2 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 3 clauda clauda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 5 serra serra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 6 adina adina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 8 fanestra fanestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 9 avant avant FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 10 ch'ella ch'ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 11 tschainia tschainia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 69 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 1 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 2 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 3 Issa Issa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 4 serrat serrat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 5 semp(i)ri semp(i)ri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 6 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 7 bentana bentana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 9 antis antis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 11 cenai cenai JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 12 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 13 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 14 Issa Issa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 15 serrat serrat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 16 semper semper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 17 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 18 bentana bentana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 20 antis antis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 21 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 22 chenàre chenàre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 70 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 1 Sassarese Sassarese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 2 Edda Edda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 3 sarra sarra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 4 sempri sempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 5 lu lu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 6 balchoni balchoni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 7 primma primma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 8 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 9 zinà zinà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 71 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 1 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 2 Iḍḍa Iḍḍa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 3 ferma ferma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 4 sempri sempri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 6 finesṭṛa finesṭṛa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 7 anti anti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 8 mi mi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 9 pistìa pistìa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 10 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 11 mancha mancha NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 72 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 3 Ella Ella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 5 siempre siempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 6 cierra cierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 9 antes antes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 10 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 11 cenar cenar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 12 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 13 comer comer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 73 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 1 Tuscan Tuscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 2 Lei Lei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 3 chiude chiude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 4 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 6 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 7 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 8 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 9 cenà cenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 74 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 1 Umbrian umbrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 2 Lia Lia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 3 chiude chiude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 4 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 6 finestra finestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 7 prima prima NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 8 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 9 cenà cenà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 75 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 1 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 2 Eła Eła NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 3 ła ła RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 4 sara sara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 5 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 6 sera sera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 7 senpre senpre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 8 ła ła NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 9 fenestra fenestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 10 vanti vanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 11 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 12 diznar diznar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 76 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 1 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 2 Ele Ele NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 3 sere sere FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 4 todi todi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 5 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 6 finiesse finiesse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 7 divant divant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 8 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 9 soper soper NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 77 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 1 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 3 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 4 creoles creole NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 6 pidgins pidgin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 7 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 8 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 9 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 10 toujou toujou NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 11 fèmen fèmen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 12 fenèt fenèt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 13 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 14 avan avan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 15 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 16 mange mange NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 78 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 1 Mauritian Mauritian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 2 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 3 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 4 pou pou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 5 touzour touzour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 6 ferm ferm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 7 lafnet lafnet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 8 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 9 avan avan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 11 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 13 manze manze NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 79 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 1 Seychellois Seychellois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 2 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 3 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 4 pou pou CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 5 touzour touzour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 6 ferm ferm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 7 lafnet lafnet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 8 aven aven NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 9 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 10 manze manze NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 80 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 1 Papiamento Papiamento NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 2 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 3 muhe muhe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 4 semper semper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 5 ta ta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 6 sera sera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 7 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 8 bentana bentana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 9 promé promé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 10 ku ku NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 11 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 12 kome kome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 81 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 1 Kriolu Kriolu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 2 Êl Êl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 3 fechâ fechâ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 4 sempre sempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 5 janela janela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 6 antes antes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 7 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 8 jantâ jantâ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 82 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 1 Chavacano Chavacano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 2 Ta Ta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 3 cerrá cerrá NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 4 él él NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 5 siempre siempre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 6 con con NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 7 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 8 ventana ventana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 9 antes antes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 10 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 11 cená cená NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 83 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 4 divergence divergence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 5 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 7 semantic semantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 8 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 10 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 12 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 13 root root NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 14 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 15 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 16 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 17 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 18 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 84 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 5 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 6 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 7 fresta fresta NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 9 descended descend VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 11 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 12 fenestra fenestra NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 14 window window NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 19 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 20 cognate cognate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 22 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 23 fenêtre fenêtre NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 25 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 26 finestra finestra NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 28 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 29 fereastră fereastră NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 31 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 32 on on RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 35 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 36 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 37 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 38 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 39 skylight skylight JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 42 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 43 slit slit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 44 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 85 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 1 Cognates cognate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 3 exist exist VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 4 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 6 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 7 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 11 finiestra finiestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 13 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 16 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 17 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 19 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 20 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 86 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 2 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 4 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 5 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 6 defenestrar defenestrar VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 7 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 10 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 11 through through RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 13 window window NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 16 fenestrado fenestrado NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 17 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 19 replete replete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 21 windows window NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 23 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 26 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 27 root root NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 30 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 31 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 32 borrowings borrowing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 34 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 87 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 1 Likewise likewise RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 7 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 8 cear cear NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 11 cognate cognate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 13 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 14 cenare cenare NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 16 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 17 cenar cenar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 20 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 24 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 28 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 30 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 31 supper supper NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 34 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 35 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 37 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 39 preferred preferred JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 40 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 41 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 42 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 43 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 44 dine dine VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 45 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 46 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 47 jantar jantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 49 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 50 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 51 archaic archaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 52 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 53 yantar yantar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 54 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 55 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 56 eat eat VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 57 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 58 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 59 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 60 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 61 semantic semantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 62 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 65 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 66 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 88 67 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 1 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 3 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 4 fiestra fiestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 7 medieval medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 8 fẽestra fẽestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 11 ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 13 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 14 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 15 fresta fresta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 19 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 20 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 21 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 22 ventá ventá NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 24 xanela xanela NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 89 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 2 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 3 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 5 lei lei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 7 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 9 genitive genitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 10 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 13 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 16 pronoun pronoun NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 17 ella ella NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 20 cognate cognate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 24 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 27 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 30 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 32 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 33 hardly hardly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 34 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 35 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 37 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 90 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 1 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 3 Asturian asturian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 6 Leonese leonese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 7 ventana ventana NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 9 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 11 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 12 bentana bentana NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 13 come come VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 15 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 16 ventus ventus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 18 wind wind NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 21 cf cf NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 91 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 1 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 2 window window NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 4 etymologically etymologically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 6 wind wind NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 7 eye eye NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 8 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 12 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 13 janela janela NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 15 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 16 xanela xanela NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 18 Mirandese mirandese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 19 jinela jinela NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 21 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 22 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 23 ianuella ianuella JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 25 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 26 opening opening NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 30 derivative derivative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 32 ianua ianua JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 34 door door NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 92 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 1 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 2 balcone balcone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 4 alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 6 ventàna ventàna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 8 bentàna bentàna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 10 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 12 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 13 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 16 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 19 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 20 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 23 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 24 balcon balcon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 27 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 28 balcone balcone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 31 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 32 balcão balcão NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 34 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 35 balcon balcon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 37 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 38 balcón balcón NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 40 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 41 balcó balcó NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 43 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 44 balconi balconi NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 46 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 47 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 48 purtellu purtellu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 49 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 93 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 1 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 3 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 4 languages[edit languages[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 6 Chart Chart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 10 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 12 structural structural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 14 comparative comparative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 15 criteria criterion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 19 socio socio JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 21 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 22 ones one NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 94 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 1 FP FP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 3 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 5 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 7 IR IR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 9 Istro Istro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 11 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 95 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 1 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 3 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 5 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 6 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 9 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 10 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 11 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 12 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 13 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 14 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 15 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 17 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 18 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 19 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 21 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 23 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 24 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 25 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 26 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 29 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 30 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 31 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 32 inherently inherently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 33 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 35 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 36 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 39 linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 40 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 41 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 43 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 44 continuum continuum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 48 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 49 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 50 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 51 biases bias NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 52 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 53 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 54 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 55 play play NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 96 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 1 Along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 3 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 8 included include VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 9 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 16 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 17 extinct extinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 20 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 21 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 24 make make VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 25 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 27 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 28 branch branch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 31 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 33 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 34 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 97 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 4 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 5 Classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 6 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 7 Vulgar vulgar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 8 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 9 Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 10 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 11 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 12 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 13 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 14 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 15 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 17 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 18 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 19 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 20 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 22 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 23 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 24 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 26 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 27 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 29 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 30 Ibero Ibero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 32 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 33 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 35 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 36 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 37 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 39 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 40 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 42 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 43 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 44 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 45 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 46 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 47 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 48 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 50 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 51 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 52 Aromanian aromanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 53 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 54 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 55 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 56 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 57 Proposed Proposed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 58 divisions[edit divisions[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 59 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 60 Extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 62 variation variation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 64 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 66 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 67 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 68 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 69 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 70 innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 71 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 72 Form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 73 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 74 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 75 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 76   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 77 sing sing VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 78 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 79 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 80 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 81 Nuorese nuorese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 82 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 83 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 84 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 85 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 86 Languedocien Languedocien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 87 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 88 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 89 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 90 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 91 Milanese milanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 92 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 93 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 94 Bolognese bolognese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 95 Emilian emilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 96 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 97 Infinitive Infinitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 98 cantāre cantāre NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 99 cantare cantare VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 100 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 101 kanˈtare̞ kanˈtare̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 102 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 103 cantare cantare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 104 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 105 kanˈtare kanˈtare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 106 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 107 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 108 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 109 kanˈtar kanˈtar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 110 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 111 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 112 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 113 kɐ̃ˈtaɾ kɐ̃ˈtaɾ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 114 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 115 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 116 kɐ̃ˈtaχ kɐ̃ˈtaχ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 117 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 118 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 119 cantar cantar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 120 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 121 kanˈta kanˈta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 122 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 123 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 124 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 125 kənˈta kənˈta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 126 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 127 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 128 kanˈtaɾ kanˈtaɾ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 129 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 130 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 131 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 132 kanˈta kanˈta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 133 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 134 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 135 cânta cânta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 136 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 137 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 138 kɨnˈta kɨnˈta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 139 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 140 cantèr cantèr NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 141 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 142 kaŋˈtɛːr kaŋˈtɛːr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 143 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 144 chanter chanter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 145 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 146 ʃɑ̃ˈte ʃɑ̃ˈte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 147 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 148 Past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 149 participle participle JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 150 cantātum cantātum JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 151 cantatu cantatu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 152 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 153 kanˈtatu kanˈtatu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 154 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 155 cantato cantato NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 156 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 157 kanˈtato kanˈtato NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 158 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 159 cantado cantado NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 160 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 161 kanˈtaðo̞ kanˈtaðo̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 162 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 163 cantado cantado NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 164 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 165 kɐ̃ˈtadu kɐ̃ˈtadu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 166 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 167 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 168 kɐ̃ˈtadʊ kɐ̃ˈtadʊ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 169 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 170 cantat cantat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 171 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 172 kanˈtat kanˈtat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 173 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 174 cantat cantat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 175 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 176 kənˈtat kənˈtat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 177 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 178 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 179 kanˈtat kanˈtat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 180 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 181 cantad cantad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 182 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 183 kanˈtaː kanˈtaː NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 184 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 185 cântat cântat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 186 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 187 kɨnˈtat kɨnˈtat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 188 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 189 cantè cantè NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 190 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 191 kaŋˈtɛː kaŋˈtɛː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 192 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 193 chanté chanté NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 194 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 195 ʃɑ̃ˈte ʃɑ̃ˈte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 196 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 197 Gerund Gerund VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 198 cantandum cantandum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 199 cantande cantande NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 200 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 201 kanˈtande̞ kanˈtande̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 202 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 203 cantando cantando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 204 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 205 kanˈtando kanˈtando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 206 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 207 cantando cantando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 208 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 209 kanˈtando̞ kanˈtando̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 210 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 211 cantando cantando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 212 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 213 kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃du kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 214 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 215 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 216 kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃dʊ kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃dʊ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 217 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 218 cantant cantant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 219 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 220 kanˈtan kanˈtan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 221 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 222 cantant cantant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 223 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 224 kənˈtan kənˈtan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 225 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 226 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 227 kanˈtant kanˈtant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 228 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 229 cantand cantand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 230 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 231 kanˈtant kanˈtant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 232 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 233 cântând cântând NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 234 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 235 kɨnˈtɨnd kɨnˈtɨnd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 236 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 237 cantànd cantànd NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 238 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 239 kaŋˈtaŋd kaŋˈtaŋd NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 240 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 241 chantant chantant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 242 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 243 ʃɑ̃ˈtɑ̃ ʃɑ̃ˈtɑ̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 244 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 245 1SG 1sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 246 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 247 cantō cantō NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 248 canto canto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 249 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 250 ˈkanto̞ ˈkanto̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 251 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 252 canto canto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 253 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 254 ˈkanto ˈkanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 255 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 256 canto canto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 257 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 258 ˈkanto̞ ˈkanto̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 259 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 260 canto canto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 261 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 262 ˈkɐ̃tu ˈkɐ̃tu . en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 263 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 264 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 265 ˈkɐ̃tʊ ˈkɐ̃tʊ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 266 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 267 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 268 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 269 ˈkante ˈkante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 270 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 271 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 272 nt not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 273 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 274 ˈkan ˈkan JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 275 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 276 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 277 ˈkant ˈkant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 278 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 279 canti canti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 280 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 281 ˈkanti ˈkanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 282 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 283 cânt cânt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 284 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 285 ˈkɨnt ˈkɨnt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 286 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 287 a3 a3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 288 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 289 nt not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 290 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 291 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 292 ˈkaŋt ˈkaŋt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 293 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 294 chante chante JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 295 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 296 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 297 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 298 2SG 2sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 299 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 300 cantās cantās NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 301 cantas cantas NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 302 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 303 ˈkantaza ˈkantaza NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 304 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 305 canti canti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 306 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 307 ˈkanti ˈkanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 308 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 309 cantas cantas NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 310 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 311 ˈkantas ˈkantas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 312 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 313 cantas cantas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 314 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 315 ˈkɐ̃tɐʃ ˈkɐ̃tɐʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 316 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 317 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 318 ˈkɐ̃tɐs ˈkɐ̃tɐs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 319 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 320 cantas cantas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 321 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 322 ˈkantɔs ˈkantɔs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 323 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 324 cantes cant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 325 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 326 ˈkantəs ˈkantəs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 327 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 328 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 329 ˈkantes ˈkante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 330 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 331 càntet càntet VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 332 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 333 ˈkantɛt ˈkantɛt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 334 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 335 cânți cânți JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 336 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 337 ˈkɨntsʲ ˈkɨntsʲ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 338 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 339 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 340 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 341 nt not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 342 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 343 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 344 ˈkaŋt ˈkaŋt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 345 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 346 chantes chante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 347 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 348 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 349 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 350 3SG 3sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 351 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 352 cantat cantat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 353 cantat cantat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 354 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 355 ˈkantata ˈkantata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 356 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 357 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 358 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 359 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 360 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 361 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 362 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 363 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 364 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 365 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 366 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 367 ˈkɐ̃tɐ ˈkɐ̃tɐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 368 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 369 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 370 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 371 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 372 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 373 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 374 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 375 ˈkantə ˈkantə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 376 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 377 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 378 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 379 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 380 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 381 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 382 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 383 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 384 cântă cântă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 385 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 386 ˈkɨntə ˈkɨntə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 387 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 388 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 389 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 390 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 391 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 392 ˈkaŋtɐ ˈkaŋtɐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 393 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 394 chante chante JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 395 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 396 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 397 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 398 1PL 1PL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 399 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 400 cantāmus cantāmus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 401 cantamus cantamus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 402 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 403 kanˈtamuzu kanˈtamuzu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 404 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 405 cantiamo cantiamo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 406 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 407 kanˈtjamo kanˈtjamo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 408 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 409 cantamos cantamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 410 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 411 kanˈtamo̞s kanˈtamo̞s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 412 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 413 cantamos cantamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 414 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 415 kɐ̃ˈtɐmuʃ kɐ̃ˈtɐmuʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 416 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 417 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 418 kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃mʊs kɐ̃ˈtɐ̃mʊs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 419 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 420 cantam cantam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 421 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 422 kanˈtam kanˈtam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 423 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 424 cantam cantam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 425 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 426 kənˈtam kənˈtam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 427 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 428 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 429 kanˈtam kanˈtam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 430 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 431 cantom cantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 432 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 433 ˈkantum ˈkantum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 434 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 435 kanˈtum kanˈtum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 436 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 437 cântăm cântăm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 438 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 439 kɨnˈtəm kɨnˈtəm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 440 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 441 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 442 cantän cantän NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 443 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 444 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 445 kaŋˈtɛ̃ kaŋˈtɛ̃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 446 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 447 chantons chanton NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 448 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 449 ʃɑ̃ˈtɔ̃ ʃɑ̃ˈtɔ̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 450 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 451 2PL 2pl CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 452 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 453 cantātis cantātis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 454 cantates cantate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 455 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 456 kanˈtate̞ze̞ kanˈtate̞ze̞ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 457 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 458 cantate cantate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 459 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 460 kanˈtate kanˈtate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 461 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 462 cantáis cantáis JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 463 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 464 kanˈtajs kanˈtajs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 465 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 466 cantais cantais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 467 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 468 kɐ̃ˈtajʃ kɐ̃ˈtajʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 469 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 470 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 471 kɐ̃ˈtajs kɐ̃ˈtajs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 472 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 473 cantatz cantatz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 474 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 475 kanˈtats kanˈtat NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 476 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 477 cantau cantau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 478 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 479 kənˈtaw kənˈtaw NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 480 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 481 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 482 kanˈtaw kanˈtaw NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 483 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 484 cantev cantev NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 485 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 486 kanˈteː(f kanˈteː(f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 487 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 488 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 489 cântați cântați NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 490 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 491 kɨnˈtatsʲ kɨnˈtatsʲ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 492 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 493 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 494 cantè cantè NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 495 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 496 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 497 kaŋˈtɛ kaŋˈtɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 498 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 499 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 500 chantez chantez NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 501 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 502 ʃɑ̃ˈte ʃɑ̃ˈte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 503 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 504 3PL 3pl CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 505 INDIC INDIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 506 cantant cantant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 507 cantant cantant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 508 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 509 ˈkantana ˈkantana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 510 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 511 cantano cantano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 512 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 513 ˈkantano ˈkantano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 514 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 515 cantan cantan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 516 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 517 ˈkantan ˈkantan RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 518 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 519 cantam cantam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 520 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 521 ˈkɐ̃tɐ̃w̃ ˈkɐ̃tɐ̃w̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 522 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 523 cantan cantan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 524 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 525 ˈkantan ˈkantan RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 526 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 527 canten canten VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 528 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 529 ˈkantən ˈkantən NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 530 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 531 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 532 ˈkanten ˈkanten NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 533 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 534 canten canten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 535 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 536 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 537 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 538 ˈkantɛn ˈkantɛn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 539 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 540 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 541 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 542 cântă cântă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 543 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 544 ˈkɨntə ˈkɨntə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 545 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 546 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 547 cànten cànten VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 548 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 549 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 550 ˈkaŋtɐn ˈkaŋtɐn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 551 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 552 chantent chantent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 553 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 554 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 555 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 556 1SG 1sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 557 SBJV SBJV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 558 cantem cantem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 559 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 560 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 561 ˈkante̞ ˈkante̞ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 562 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 563 canti canti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 564 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 565 ˈkanti ˈkanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 566 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 567 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 568 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 569 ˈkante̞ ˈkante̞ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 570 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 571 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 572 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 573 ˈkɐ̃tɨ ˈkɐ̃tɨ NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 574 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 575 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 576 ˈkɐ̃tᶴi ˈkɐ̃tᶴi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 577 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 578 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 579 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 580 ˈkante ˈkante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 581 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 582 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 583 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 584 ˈkantə ˈkantə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 585 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 586 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 587 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 588 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 589 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 590 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 591 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 592 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 593 cânt cânt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 594 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 595 ˈkɨnt ˈkɨnt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 596 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 597 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 598 canta canta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 599 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 600 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 601 ˈkaŋtɐ ˈkaŋtɐ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 602 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 603 chante chante JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 604 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 605 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 606 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 607 2SG 2sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 608 SBJV sbjv NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 609 cantēs cantēs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 610 cantes cante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 611 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 612 ˈkante̞ze̞ ˈkante̞ze̞ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 613 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 614 canti canti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 615 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 616 ˈkanti ˈkanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 617 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 618 cantes cant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 619 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 620 ˈkante̞s ˈkante̞s NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 621 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 622 cantes cant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 623 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 624 ˈkɐ̃tɨʃ ˈkɐ̃tɨʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 625 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 626 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 627 ˈkɐ̃tᶴis ˈkɐ̃tᶴis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 628 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 629 cantes cant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 630 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 631 ˈkantes ˈkante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 632 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 633 cantes cant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 634 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 635 ˈkantəs ˈkantəs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 636 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 637 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 638 ˈkantes ˈkante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 639 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 640 càntet càntet VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 641 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 642 ˈkantɛt ˈkantɛt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 643 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 644 cânți cânți JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 645 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 646 ˈkɨntsʲ ˈkɨntsʲ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 647 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 648 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 649 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 650 nt not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 651 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 652 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 653 ˈkaŋt ˈkaŋt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 654 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 655 chantes chante NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 656 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 657 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 658 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 659 3SG 3sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 660 SBJV SBJV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 661 cantet cantet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 662 cantet cantet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 663 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 664 ˈkante̞te̞ ˈkante̞te̞ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 665 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 666 canti canti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 667 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 668 ˈkanti ˈkanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 669 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 670 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 671 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 672 ˈkante̞ ˈkante̞ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 673 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 674 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 675 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 676 ˈkɐ̃tɨ ˈkɐ̃tɨ NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 677 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 678 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 679 ˈkɐ̃tᶴi ˈkɐ̃tᶴi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 680 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 681 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 682 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 683 ˈkante ˈkante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 684 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 685 cante cante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 686 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 687 ˈkantə ˈkantə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 688 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 689 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 690 ˈkante ˈkante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 691 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 692 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 693 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 694 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 695 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 696 cânte cânte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 697 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 698 ˈkɨnte̞ ˈkɨnte̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 699 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 700 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 701 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 702 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 703 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 704 ˈkaŋtɐ ˈkaŋtɐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 705 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 706 chante chante JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 707 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 708 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 709 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 710 1PL 1PL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 711 SBJV SBJV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 712 cantēmus cantēmus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 713 cantemus cantemus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 714 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 715 kanˈte̞muzu kanˈte̞muzu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 716 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 717 cantiamo cantiamo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 718 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 719 kanˈtjamo kanˈtjamo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 720 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 721 cantemos cantemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 722 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 723 kanˈte̞mo̞s kanˈte̞mo̞s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 724 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 725 cantemos cantemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 726 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 727 kɐ̃ˈtemuʃ kɐ̃ˈtemuʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 728 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 729 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 730 kɐ̃ˈtẽmʊs kɐ̃ˈtẽmʊs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 731 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 732 cantem cantem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 733 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 734 kanˈtem kanˈtem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 735 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 736 cantem cantem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 737 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 738 kənˈtɛm kənˈtɛm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 739 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 740 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 741 kanˈtem kanˈtem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 742 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 743 cantom cantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 744 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 745 ˈkantum ˈkantum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 746 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 747 kanˈtum kanˈtum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 748 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 749 cântăm cântăm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 750 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 751 kɨnˈtəm kɨnˈtəm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 752 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 753 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 754 cantaggna cantaggna NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 755 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 756 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 757 kɐnˈtaɲɲɐ kɐnˈtaɲɲɐ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 758 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 759 chantions chantion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 760 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 761 ʃɑ̃ˈtjɔ̃ ʃɑ̃ˈtjɔ̃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 762 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 763 2PL 2pl CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 764 SBJV sbjv NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 765 cantētis cantētis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 766 cantetis cantetis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 767 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 768 kanˈte̞tizi kanˈte̞tizi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 769 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 770 cantiate cantiate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 771 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 772 kanˈtjate kanˈtjate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 773 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 774 cantéis cantéis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 775 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 776 kanˈte̞js kanˈte̞js NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 777 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 778 canteis canteis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 779 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 780 kɐ̃ˈtejʃ kɐ̃ˈtejʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 781 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 782 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 783 kɐ̃ˈtejs kɐ̃ˈtejs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 784 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 785 cantetz cantetz NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 786 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 787 kanˈtets kanˈtet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 788 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 789 canteu canteu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 790 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 791 kənˈtɛw kənˈtɛw NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 792 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 793 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 794 kanˈtew kanˈtew NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 795 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 796 cantev cantev NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 797 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 798 kanˈteː(f kanˈteː(f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 799 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 800 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 801 cântați cântați NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 802 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 803 kɨnˈtatsʲ kɨnˈtatsʲ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 804 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 805 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 806 cantèdi cantèdi NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 807 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 808 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 809 kaŋˈtɛ kaŋˈtɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 810 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 811 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 812 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 813 chantiez chantiez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 814 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 815 ʃɑ̃ˈtje ʃɑ̃ˈtje NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 816 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 817 3PL 3pl CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 818 SBJV SBJV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 819 cantent cantent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 820 cantent cantent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 821 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 822 ˈkante̞ne̞ ˈkante̞ne̞ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 823 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 824 cantino cantino JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 825 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 826 ˈkantino ˈkantino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 827 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 828 canten canten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 829 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 830 ˈkante̞n ˈkante̞n NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 831 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 832 cantem cantem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 833 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 834 ˈkɐ̃tẽj̃ ˈkɐ̃tẽj̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 835 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 836 canten canten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 837 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 838 ˈkanten ˈkanten NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 839 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 840 canten canten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 841 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 842 ˈkantən ˈkantən NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 843 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 844 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 845 ˈkanten ˈkanten NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 846 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 847 canten canten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 848 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 849 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 850 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 851 ˈkantɛn ˈkantɛn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 852 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 853 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 854 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 855 cânte cânte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 856 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 857 ˈkɨnte̞ ˈkɨnte̞ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 858 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 859 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 860 cànten cànten VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 861 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 862 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 863 ˈkaŋtɐn ˈkaŋtɐn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 864 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 865 chantent chantent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 866 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 867 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 868 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 869 2SG 2sg CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 870 imperative imperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 871 cantā cantā NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 872 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 873 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 874 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 875 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 876 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 877 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 878 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 879 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 880 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 881 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 882 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 883 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 884 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 885 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 886 ˈkɐ̃tɐ ˈkɐ̃tɐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 887 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 888 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 889 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 890 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 891 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 892 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 893 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 894 ˈkantə ˈkantə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 895 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 896 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 897 ˈkanta ˈkanta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 898 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 899 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 900 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 901 ˈkantɔ ˈkantɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 902 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 903 cântă cântă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 904 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 905 ˈkɨntə ˈkɨntə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 906 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 907 canta canta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 908 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 909 ˈkaŋtɐ ˈkaŋtɐ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 910 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 911 chante chante JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 912 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 913 ˈʃɑ̃t ˈʃɑ̃t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 914 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 915 2PL 2pl CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 916 imperative imperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 917 cantāte cantāte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 918 cantate cantate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 919 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 920 kanˈtate̞ kanˈtate̞ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 921 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 922 cantate cantate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 923 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 924 kanˈtate kanˈtate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 925 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 926 cantad cantad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 927 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 928 kanˈtað kanˈtað NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 929 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 930 cantai cantai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 931 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 932 kɐ̃ˈtaj kɐ̃ˈtaj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 933 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 934 cantatz cantatz JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 935 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 936 kanˈtats kanˈtat NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 937 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 938 cantau cantau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 939 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 940 kənˈtaw kənˈtaw NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 941 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 942 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 943 kanˈtaw kanˈtaw NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 944 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 945 cantev cantev NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 946 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 947 kanˈteːn(f kanˈteːn(f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 948 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 949 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 950 cântați cântați NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 951 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 952 kɨnˈtatsʲ kɨnˈtatsʲ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 953 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 954 cantè cantè NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 955 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 956 kaŋˈtɛ kaŋˈtɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 957 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 958 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 959 chantez chantez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 960 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 961 ʃɑ̃ˈte ʃɑ̃ˈte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 962 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 963 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 964 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 965 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 966 ɾ̥ ɾ̥ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 967 r̥ r̥ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 968 ɻ̝̊ ɻ̝̊ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 969 x x NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 970 χ χ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 971 ħ ħ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 972 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 973 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 974 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 975 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 976 allophones allophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 977 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 978 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 979 ɾ ɾ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 980 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 981 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 982 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 983 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 984 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 985 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 986 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 987 deletion deletion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 988 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 989 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 990 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 98 991 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 2 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 3 conjugation conjugation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 4 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 7 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 10 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 11 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 12 dating date VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 15 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 16 ages age NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 18 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 19 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 21 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 22 conjugations conjugation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 23 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 25 Catalonia Catalonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 28 Valencian Valencian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 29 Community Community NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 32 Balearic Balearic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 33 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 36 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 37 differ differ VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 38 accordingly accordingly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 99 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 1 3Conjugated 3conjugated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 2 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 4 Bolognese Bolognese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 5 require require VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 7 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 8 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 9 pronoun pronoun NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 10 cliticized cliticize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 13 verb verb NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 100 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 1 Full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 2 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 7 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 9 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 10 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 11 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 13 pl pl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 101 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 1 eat eat VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 2 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 6 magnè magnè NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 8 vuèter vuèter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 10 magnè magnè NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 13 bare bare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 14 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 15 magnè magnè NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 17 ungrammatical ungrammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 102 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 1 Interrogatives interrogative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 2 require require VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 3 enclitics enclitic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 8 replicate replicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 9 proclitic proclitic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 10 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 12 magnèv magnèv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 103 13 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 1 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 3 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 5 pl pl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 104 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 1 eating?/do eating?/do VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 2 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 4 pl pl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 105 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 106 1 eat eat VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 106 2 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 106 3 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 106 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 3 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 4 schemes scheme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 7 subdivide subdivide VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 107 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 1 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 4 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 5 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 6 schemes scheme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 9 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 11 Italo italo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 13 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 14 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 15 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 16 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 17 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 108 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 4 scheme scheme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 5 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 7 Ethnologue Ethnologue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 11 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 12 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 15 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 18 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 19 monophthong monophthong NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 22 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 23 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 109 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 3 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 5 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 110 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 111 1 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 111 2 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 111 3 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 111 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 2 scheme scheme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 3 divides divide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 5 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 7 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 9 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 10 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 11 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 12 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 13 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 16 runs run VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 17 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 18 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 20 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 21 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 22 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 25 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 28 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 30 Florence Florence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 32 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 33 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 34 forms form VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 36 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 38 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 39 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 112 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 3 scheme scheme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 6 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 8 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 12 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 14 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 15 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 19 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 20 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 24 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 28 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 30 Romania Romania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 32 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 35 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 38 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 39 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 40 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 41 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 43 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 45 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 47 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 49 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 51 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 53 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 54 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 56 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 113 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 1 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 4 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 5 fit fit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 8 scheme scheme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 114 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 2 Conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 4 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 6 innovatory innovatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 115 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 4 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 6 genetic genetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 7 division division NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 8 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 9 precise precise JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 10 boundaries boundary NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 12 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 116 13 to to IN 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 22 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 23 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 24 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 25 considered consider VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 27 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 28 innovatory innovatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 30 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 32 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 34 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 35 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 37 periphery periphery NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 40 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 41 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 117 43 Portuguese portuguese JJ 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also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 15 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 16 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 18 split split VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 19 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 20 genetically genetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 23 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 25 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 26 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 27 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 30 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 32 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 118 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 1 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 2 famously famously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 3 denigrated denigrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 5 Sardinians Sardinians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 8 conservativeness conservativeness NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 11 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 13 remarking remark VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 16 imitate imitate VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 17 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 19 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 20 monkeys monkey NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 21 imitate imitate VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 22 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 119 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 2 10][11 10][11 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 48 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 50 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 53 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 120 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 1 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 4 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 5 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 7 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 10 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 11 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 15 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 121 16 . . . 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 88 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 89 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 90 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 91 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 92 /u/ /u/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 93 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 94 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 95 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 96 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 97 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 98 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 99 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 100 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 101 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 102 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 103 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 104 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 105 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 106 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 107 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 108 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 109 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 110 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 111 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 112 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 113 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 114 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 115 divides divide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 116 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 117 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 118 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 119 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 120 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 121 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 122 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 123 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 124 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 125 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 126 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 127 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 128 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 129 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 130 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 131 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 132 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 133 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 134 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 125 135 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 2 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 3 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 4 dividing divide VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 6 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 9 Phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 10 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 12 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 13 stops stop NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 16 happens happen VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 19 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 21 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 24 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 126 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 1 Degemination degemination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 3 geminate geminate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 4 stops stop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 6 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 7 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 8 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 9 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 10 voiceless voiceless NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 11 stops stop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 13 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 15 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 16 ones one NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 18 lenited lenite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 22 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 23 happens happen VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 26 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 31 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 127 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 1 Deletion deletion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 3 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 4 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 8 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 9 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 11 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 13 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 15 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 16 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 19 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 22 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 26 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 128 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 1 Use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 3 plurals plural NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 4 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 5 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 8 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 9 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 10 plurals plural NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 11 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 12 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 13 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 16 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 129 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 1 Development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 3 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 4 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 5 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 6 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 8 i/ i/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 10 /(t)s/ /(t)s/ VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 13 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 14 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 15 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 18 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 130 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 1 Development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 3 /kt/ /kt/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 6 develops develop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 8 /xt/ /xt/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 9 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 10 /it/ /it/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 12 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 13 progressing progress VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 14 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 16 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 20 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 22 /tt/ /tt/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 25 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 131 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 2 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 4 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 6 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 132 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 1 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 5 southeast southeast JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 7 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 8 apply apply VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 10 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 12 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 15 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 18 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 22 northwest northwest JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 24 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 25 apply apply VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 27 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 28 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 30 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 33 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 36 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 133 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 4 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 6 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 9 somewhere somewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 134 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 1 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 5 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 9 northwest northwest JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 11 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 13 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 15 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 17 gemination gemination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 135 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 4 Gallo‒Italic Gallo‒Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 7 vowel vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 9 changing change VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 10 plurals plural NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 11 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 13 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 14 plurals plural NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 136 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 2 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 5 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 7 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 8 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 11 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 15 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 18 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 20 characteristic characteristic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 22 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 23 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 25 /(t)s/ /(t)s/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 27 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 137 28 /k/. /k/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 2 Venetian venetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 5 northeast northeast NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 6 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 8 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 11 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 15 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 18 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 20 characteristic characteristic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 22 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 23 /kt/ /kt/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 138 25 /tt/. /tt/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 1 Lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 3 post post JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 4 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 5 vocalic vocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 6 /p /p NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 7 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 8 k/ k/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 10 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 13 allophonic allophonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 14 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 15 realization realization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 17 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 18 below below IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 20 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 21 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 23 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 24 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 26 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 27 Corsica Corsica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 29 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 31 Sardinia Sardinia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 139 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 2 top top NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 7 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 8 Mozarabic mozarabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 11 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 12 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 16 far far JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 17 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 21 northwest northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 23 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 28 southeast southeast JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 30 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 32 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 34 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 36 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 38 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 39 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 140 40 /tʃ/. /tʃ/. VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 1 Certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 3 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 5 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 141 7 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 1 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 2 highland highland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 3 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 4 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 7 lack lack VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 8 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 11 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 12 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 13 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 16 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 18 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 19 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 20 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 22 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 24 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 26 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 27 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 29 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 30 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 31 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 33 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 34 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 36 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 37 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 38 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 39 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 142 41 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 1 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 2 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 4 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 6 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 8 /dz/ /dz/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 9 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 10 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 11 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 14 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 16 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 19 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 20 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 143 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 2 usual usual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 3 solution solution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 6 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 9 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 10 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 11 nested nest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 12 subgroups subgroup NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 144 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 1 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 4 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 7 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 9 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 14 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 15 happens happen VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 18 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 19 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 20 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 22 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 23 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 24 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 28 Pyrenean pyrenean JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 30 Mozarabic mozarabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 31 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 33 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 34 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 36 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 37 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 38 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 39 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 42 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 43 unlikely unlikely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 45 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 47 valid valid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 48 clade clade NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 49 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 50 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 51 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 52 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 53 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 54 clades clade NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 56 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 57 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 58 Mozarabic Mozarabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 60 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 61 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 62 Pyrenean Pyrenean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 145 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 1 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 3 Iberian Iberian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 5 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 7 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 10 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 146 13 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 1 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 3 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 8 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 9 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 14 stretching stretch VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 16 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 17 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 19 northeast northeast NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 20 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 147 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 1 Probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 4 accurate accurate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 5 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 9 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 12 say say VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 14 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 17 focal focal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 18 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 20 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 21 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 23 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 24 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 29 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 31 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 32 spread spread VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 33 out out RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 35 areal areal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 36 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 148 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 2 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 3 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 4 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 5 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 6 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 7 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 9 farthest farth JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 10 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 13 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 16 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 17 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 19 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 22 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 23 chain chain NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 26 Apennine Apennine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 27 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 30 cuts cut VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 31 straight straight RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 32 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 33 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 34 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 36 forms form VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 38 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 39 geographic geographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 40 barrier barrier NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 41 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 42 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 43 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 44 spread spread VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 149 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 2 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 3 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 4 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 9 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 11 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 13 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 14 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 17 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 18 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 19 characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 21 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 23 end end VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 25 differing differ VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 26 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 28 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 29 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 32 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 33 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 35 the the DT 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 59 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 150 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 3 explains explain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 4 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 8 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 10 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 11 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 12 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 14 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 16 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 17 innovated innovate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 18 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 20 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 21 extensively extensively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 24 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 26 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 151 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 5 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 7 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 9 apply apply VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 12 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 16 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 18 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 21 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 23 geographic geographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 24 discontinuity discontinuity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 152 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 1 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 3 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 5 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 7 maintenance maintenance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 9 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 12 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 153 14 vowel vowel NN 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VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 3 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 5 researchers researcher NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 7 postulate postulate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 9 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 10 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 12 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 13 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 15 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 16 division[citation division[citation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 17 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 154 23 Eastern eastern JJ 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historically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 11 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 12 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 13 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 16 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 18 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 19 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 21 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 22 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 24 Slavic slavic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 25 influence[citation influence[citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 26 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 28 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 30 /kt/ /kt/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 31 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 32 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 33 /pt/ /pt/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 35 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 37 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 39 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 40 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 41 geminates geminate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 42 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 43 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 45 /kt/ /kt/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 46 underwent underwent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 47 assimilation assimilation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 155 49 /tt/. /tt/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 4 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 5 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 8 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 11 evolve evolve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 13 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 14 Latin,[dubious Latin,[dubious NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 16 discuss][13 discuss][13 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 18 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 19 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 21 fit fit VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 22 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 23 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 24 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 26 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 28 division division NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 156 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 6 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 8 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 10 linguistically linguistically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 11 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 14 remainder remainder NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 17 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 21 extremely extremely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 22 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 23 date date NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 25 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 26 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 29 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 31 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 157 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 5 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 6 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 8 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 11 archaic archaic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 12 features feature NNS 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 36 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 37 archaic archaic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 38 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 40 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 42 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 43 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 45 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 46 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 47 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 158 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 1 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 3 plurals plural NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 4 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 5 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 6 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 7 post post JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 8 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 9 vocalic vocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 159 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 9 g]ane g]ane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 11 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 13 ɣ]ane ɣ]ane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 14 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 16 dog dog NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 17 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 21 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 24 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 25 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 26 unseen unseen JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 27 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 29 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 32 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 34 /au/ /au/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 160 36 /a/. /a/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 1 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 3 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 4 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 5 ipsum ipsum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 8 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 11 retained retained JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 12 archaic archaic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 13 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 15 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 16 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 19 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 22 Balearic Balearic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 23 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 26 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 29 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 30 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 32 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 34 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 38 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 40 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 41 salat salat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 42   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 43 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 44 ca ca MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 47 literally literally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 49 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 50 salted salted JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 51 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 52 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 55 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 56 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 57 shares share NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 58 develarisation develarisation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 59 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 60 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 61 /kw/ /kw/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 63 /gw/ /gw/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 64 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 65 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 66 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 67 Sard sard RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 161 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 162 1 abba abba FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 162 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 162 3 Rum Rum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 162 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 1 apă apă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 2 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 3 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 4 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 6 Sard sard RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 163 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 164 1 limba limba NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 164 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 164 3 Rom Rom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 164 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 1 limbă limbă JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 2 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 4 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 6 cf cf NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 165 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 2 acqua acqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 4 lingua lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 166 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 1 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 4 languages[edit languages[edit . en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 9 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 12 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 13 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 15 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 16 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 18 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 19 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 21 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 22 subgroups subgroup NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 24 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 25 Langues Langues NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 26 d'oïl d'oïl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 28 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 29 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 31 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 32 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 33 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 167 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 2 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 4 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 8 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 10 Arpitan Arpitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 13 southeastern southeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 14 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 16 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 17 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 20 Aosta Aosta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 21 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 22 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 24 northwestern northwestern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 25 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 168 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 3 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 6 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 7 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 8 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 10 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 12 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 15 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 17 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 20 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 21 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 22 namely namely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 24 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 26 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 169 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 2 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 5 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 6 Iberia Iberia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 9 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 10 included include VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 12 Gallo gallo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 14 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 170 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 4 disputed dispute VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 7 linguists linguist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 8 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 9 prefer prefer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 11 group group VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 14 Iberian Iberian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 15 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 17 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 18 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 19 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 20 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 22 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 24 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 25 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 28 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 29 adjusted adjust VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 30 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 31 lexicon lexicon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 33 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 34 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 36 align align VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 38 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 171 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 2 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 5 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 6 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 8 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 9 grammatically grammatically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 11 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 12 closer close RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 14 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 15 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 16 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 18 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 19 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 21 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 172 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 2 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 4 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 7 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 8 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 10 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 11 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 13 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 15 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 17 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 19 Romagnol Romagnol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 173 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 1 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 2 retains retain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 5 -o -o : en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 7 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 9 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 11 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 174 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 2 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 7 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 8 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 11 Friulian Friulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 14 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 15 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 175 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 2 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 7 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 8 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 10 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 11 innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 13 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 14 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 16 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 18 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 176 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 1 Characteristic Characteristic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 2 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 5 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 6 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 7 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 8 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 10 appear appear VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 13 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 14 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 15 manifestation manifestation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 18 Langue Langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 19 d'oïl d'oïl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 21 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 22 spreading spread VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 23 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 24 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 25 riverways riverway NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 27 transalpine transalpine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 28 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 177 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 3 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 5 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 8 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 10 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 13 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 178 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 2 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 3 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 5 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 9 preserved preserve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 11 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 13 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 14 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 15 consisting consist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 17 nominative nominative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 19 oblique oblique JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 21 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 22 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 24 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 26 adjectives adjective NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 28 determiners determiner NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 30 inherited inherit VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 31 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 32 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 35 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 36 nominative nominative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 38 accusative accusative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 40 preserving preserve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 42 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 44 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 45 declensional declensional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 46 classes class NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 48 irregular irregular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 49 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 179 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 3 closest close JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 6 oïl oïl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 7 epicenter epicenter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 8 preserve preserve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 10 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 13 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 16 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 19 periphery periphery NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 20 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 22 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 180 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 1 Notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 2 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 5 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 7 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 11 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 12 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 14 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 15 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 16 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 18 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 19 /a/ /a/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 20 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 22 defining define VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 23 characteristic characteristic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 26 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 181 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 2 reductions reduction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 7 Langue Langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 8 d'oïl d'oïl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 10 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 11 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 13 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 18 feminine feminine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 19 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 21 prop prop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 22 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 23 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 24 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 25 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 26 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 28 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 30 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 31 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 32 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 182 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 1 Early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 3 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 4 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 6 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 7 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 10 interior interior NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 13 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 15 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 16 defining define VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 17 characteristic characteristic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 183 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 1 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 4 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 5 phonemicized phonemicize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 7 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 8 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 10 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 13 automatic automatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 14 concomitants concomitant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 16 stressed stress VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 17 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 18 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 184 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 2 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 3 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 4 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 6 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 7 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 9 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 10 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 11 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 12 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 14 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 16 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 17 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 19 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 24 meantime meantime NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 25 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 28 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 29 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 30 diphthongized diphthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 32 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 35 maintenance maintenance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 38 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 39 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 185 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 2 langue langue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 3 d'oïl d'oïl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 4 branch branch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 6 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 9 forefront forefront NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 11 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 14 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 15 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 16 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 17 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 20 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 21 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 22 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 23 diphthongizing diphthongize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 25 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 26 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 27 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 28 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 29 spared spare VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 186 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 1 Front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 2 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 3 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 5 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 7 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 8 branches branch NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 10 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 12 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 187 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 1 /u/ /u/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 2 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 3 fronts front VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 5 /y/ /y/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 8 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 9 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 10 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 11 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 13 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 14 develop develop VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 16 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 17 /oː/ /oː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 188 19 /ɔː/. /ɔː/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 189 1 Extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 189 2 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 189 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 189 4 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 1 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 2 rounds round NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 4 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 6 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 10 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 12 Langue Langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 13 d'oïl d'oïl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 15 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 16 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 18 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 190 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 2 Langue Langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 3 d'oïl d'oïl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 5 Swiss Swiss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 6 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 11 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 14 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 15 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 17 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 18 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 20 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 21 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 23 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 25 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 26 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 27 /a/ /a/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 29 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 30 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 31 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 34 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 35 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 36 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 37 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 191 38 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 1 centum centum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 3 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 5 > > NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 6 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 7 /sɑ̃/ /sɑ̃/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 9 cantum cantum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 11 song song NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 14 chant chant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 192 15 /ʃɑ̃/. /ʃɑ̃/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 2 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 4 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 9 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 10 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 12 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 15 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 17 obligatory obligatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 19 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 20 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 22 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 26 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 28 pro pro JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 29 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 30 drop drop JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 31 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 193 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 4 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 5 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 6 triggered trigger VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 8 progressive progressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 9 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 10 erosion erosion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 12 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 13 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 15 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 17 null null NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 19 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 20 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 24 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 25 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 26 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 27 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 29 secondarily secondarily JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 30 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 31 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 33 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 34 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 194 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 1 Pidgins pidgin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 3 creoles creole NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 6 mixed mix VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 7 languages[edit languages[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 9 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 10 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 12 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 13 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 14 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 16 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 17 dramatically dramatically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 18 restructured restructure VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 22 grammars grammar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 26 mixtures mixture NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 28 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 29 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 195 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 3 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 4 dozens dozen NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 6 creoles creole NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 8 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 10 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 13 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 14 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 19 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 21 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 22 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 24 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 25 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 26 colonies colony NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 196 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 1 Creoles Creoles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 3 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 5 Antillean antillean JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 7 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 8 Antilles Antilles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 10 Saint Saint NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 11 Lucia Lucia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 13 Dominica Dominica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 15 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 17 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 19 Haiti Haiti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 21 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 22 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 24 ) ) -RRB- 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 47 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 48 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 49 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 50 Creoles Creoles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 52 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 53 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 54 Chavacano Chavacano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 57 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 59 Philippines Philippines NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 61 Palenquero Palenquero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 62 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 64 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 66 Colombia Colombia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 68 Creoles Creoles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 69 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 70 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 71 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 72 Angolar Angolar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 73 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 74 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 75 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 76 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 77 São São NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 78 Tomé Tomé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 79 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 80 Principe Principe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 82 Cape Cape NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 83 Verdean Verdean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 84 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 85 Cape Cape NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 86 Verde Verde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 87 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 88 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 89 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 90 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 91 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 92 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 93 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 94 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 95 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 96 Forro Forro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 97 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 98 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 99 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 100 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 101 São São NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 102 Tomé Tomé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 103 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 104 Príncipe Príncipe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 105 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 106 Kristang Kristang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 107 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 108 Malaysia Malaysia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 109 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 110 Macanese Macanese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 111 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 112 Macau Macau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 113 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 114 Papiamento Papiamento NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 115 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 116 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 117 Antilles Antilles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 118 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 119 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 120 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 121 Guinea Guinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 122 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 123 Bissau Bissau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 124 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 125 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 126 Guinea Guinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 127 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 128 Bissau Bissau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 129 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 130 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 131 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 132 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 133 Auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 134 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 135 constructed construct VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 136 languages[edit languages[edit . en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 137 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 138 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 139 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 140 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 141 Constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 142 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 143 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 144 International international JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 145 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 146 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 147 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 148 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 149 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 150 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 151 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 152 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 153 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 154 served serve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 155 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 156 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 157 inspiration inspiration NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 158 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 159 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 160 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 161 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 162 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 163 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 164 constructed constructed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 165 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 166 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 167 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 168 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 169 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 170 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 171 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 172 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 173 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 174 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 175 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 197 176 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 2 15][16 15][16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 5 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 7 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 8 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 10 1903 1903 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 12 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 13 mathematician mathematician NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 14 Giuseppe Giuseppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 15 Peano Peano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 17 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 19 title title NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 20 Latino latino JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 21 sine sine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 22 flexione flexione NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 198 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 4 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 5 wanted want VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 7 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 9 naturalistic naturalistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 10 international international JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 11 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 14 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 17 autonomous autonomous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 18 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 19 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 20 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 21 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 23 Volapük Volapük NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 26 designed design VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 28 maximal maximal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 29 simplicity simplicity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 31 lexicon lexicon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 33 derivation derivation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 35 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 199 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 1 Peano Peano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 2 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 3 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 6 base base NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 11 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 14 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 16 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 17 flourishing flourish VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 21 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 22 facto facto FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 23 international international JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 24 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 26 scientific scientific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 27 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 200 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 3 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 4 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 5 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 6 Idiom Idiom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 7 Neutral Neutral NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 9 Interlingua Interlingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 11 Lingua Lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 12 Franca Franca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 13 Nova Nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 201 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 2 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 3 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 5 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 9 Interlingua Interlingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 202 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 6 attempted attempt VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 8 varying vary VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 9 degrees degree NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 11 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 13 pseudo pseudo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 14 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 15 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 16 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 17 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 18 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 20 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 22 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 23 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 24 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 203 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 5 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 6 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 8 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 9 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 10 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 12 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 16 Pan Pan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 18 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 204 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 5 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 7 artistic artistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 8 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 9 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 13 Talossan Talossan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 205 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 5 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 6 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 7 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 8 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 12 amateur amateur JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 13 linguists linguist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 14 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 15 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 16 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 17 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 20 mirror mirror VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 21 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 22 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 23 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 24 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 26 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 27 ancestral ancestral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 28 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 206 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 2 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 3 Brithenig Brithenig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 6 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 7 Welsh Welsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 10 Breathanach[18 breathanach[18 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 13 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 14 Irish Irish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 17 Wenedyk Wenedyk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 19 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 20 Polish Polish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 23 Þrjótrunn Þrjótrunn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 25 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 26 Icelandic),[19 icelandic),[19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 29 Helvetian helvetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 31 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 32 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 207 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 4 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 5 status[edit status[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 7 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 8 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 10 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 12 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 15 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 16 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 18 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 19 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 21 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 23 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 24 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 27 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 29 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 30 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 31 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 32 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 34 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 35 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 38 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 39 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 40 Number Number NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 42 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 43 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 45 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 46 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 47 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 49 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 50 fractions fraction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 53 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 54 690 690 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 55 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 56 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 57 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 58 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 59 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 60 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 61 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 62 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 63 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 64 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 65 natively natively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 66 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 67 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 68 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 70 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 71 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 72 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 74 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 76 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 77 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 78 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 80 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 81 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 82 cover cover VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 83 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 84 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 85 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 86 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 87 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 88 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 89 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 91 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 92 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 93 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 94 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 95 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 96 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 97 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 98 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 99 dozens dozen NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 100 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 101 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 208 102 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 1 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 5 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 6 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 209 8 Italian italian JJ 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 9 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 12 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 15 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 16 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 19 defunct defunct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 20 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 21 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 24 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 26 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 28 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 31 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 32 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 33 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 36 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 37 Nations Nations NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 210 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 1 Outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 2 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 4 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 6 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 8 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 10 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 12 enjoy enjoy VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 13 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 14 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 16 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 17 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 19 emerged emerge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 22 respective respective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 23 colonial colonial NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 24 empires empire NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 211 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 4 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 7 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 10 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 11 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 13 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 14 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 16 home home RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 18 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 19 half half PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 20 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 21 continent continent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 23 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 26 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 27 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 29 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 30 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 32 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 33 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 34 Belize Belize NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 39 Mexico Mexico NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 212 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 3 Caribbean Caribbean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 7 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 9 Cuba Cuba NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 12 Dominican Dominican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 13 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 16 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 17 Rico Rico NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 213 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 2 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 4 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 6 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 7 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 8 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 11 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 12 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 15 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 18 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 20 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 21 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 23 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 24 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 25 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 27 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 29 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 214 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 2 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 6 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 7 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 9 Equatorial Equatorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 10 Guinea Guinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 215 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 1 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 4 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 5 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 6 homeland homeland NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 8 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 11 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 13 virtually virtually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 15 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 16 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 18 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 19 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 216 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 3 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 4 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 6 Brazil Brazil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 10 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 12 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 13 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 14 200 200 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 15 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 18 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 19 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 21 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 22 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 25 neighboring neighbor VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 26 residents resident NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 28 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 29 Paraguay Paraguay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 31 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 32 Uruguay Uruguay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 34 accounting account VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 35 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 37 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 38 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 39 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 40 half half PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 42 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 44 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 45 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 47 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 48 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 49 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 51 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 52 spoken spoken JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 53 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 54 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 55 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 57 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 58 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 59 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 217 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 4 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 7 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 8 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 9 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 11 Angola Angola NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 13 Cape Cape NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 14 Verde Verde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 16 Guinea Guinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 18 Bissau Bissau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 20 Mozambique Mozambique NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 22 Equatorial Equatorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 23 Guinea Guinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 26 São São NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 27 Tomé Tomé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 29 Príncipe Príncipe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 34 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 37 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 38 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 39 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 40 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 41 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 42 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 43 residents resident NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 45 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 46 continent continent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 218 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 5 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 9 co co JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 10 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 11 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 13 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 16 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 17 Timor Timor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 19 Macau Macau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 21 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 22 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 23 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 25 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 27 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 28 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 29 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 30 400,000[22]—are 400,000[22]—are CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 32 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 33 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 35 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 36 immigration immigration NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 38 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 39 Brazilians brazilian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 219 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 2 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 3 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 4 1,000,000 1,000,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 5 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 6 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 9 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 10 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 11 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 220 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 5 Oceania Oceania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 10 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 11 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 12 spoken spoken JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 14 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 16 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 17 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 19 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 20 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 23 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 25 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 27 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 28 Timor Timor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 221 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 2 closest close JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 3 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 5 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 7 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 8 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 9 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 12 autonomous autonomous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 13 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 15 Galicia Galicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 17 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 19 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 21 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 222 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 1 Outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 2 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 4 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 6 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 7 natively natively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 8 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 11 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 12 province province NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 14 Quebec Quebec NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 18 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 20 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 21 Brunswick Brunswick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 23 Ontario Ontario NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 223 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 1 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 3 officially officially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 4 bilingual bilingual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 7 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 10 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 12 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 224 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 2 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 5 Caribbean Caribbean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 9 Haiti Haiti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 11 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 13 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 14 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 17 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 18 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 19 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 20 creoles creole NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 23 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 24 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 27 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 28 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 225 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 4 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 5 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 7 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 9 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 12 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 13 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 14 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 15 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 226 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 2 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 4 overseas overseas JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 5 possessions possession NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 7 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 8 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 10 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 12 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 227 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 2 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 6 colonial colonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 7 possessions possession NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 8 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 9 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 10 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 11 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 14 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 15 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 17 remain remain VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 18 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 19 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 21 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 24 colonial colonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 25 domination domination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 228 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 3 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 5 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 6 outside outside NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 8 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 10 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 12 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 13 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 14 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 17 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 18 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 20 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 21 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 23 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 25 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 26 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 28 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 229 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 3 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 4 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 5 colonies colony NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 7 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 8 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 9 namely namely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 10 Libya Libya NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 12 Eritrea Eritrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 14 Somalia Somalia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 15 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 18 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 21 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 22 educated educated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 23 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 25 commerce commerce NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 27 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 230 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 1 Romania Romania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 2 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 4 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 6 colonial colonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 7 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 10 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 11 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 12 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 13 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 15 southeastern southeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 16 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 19 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 20 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 22 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 25 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 26 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 28 autochthonous autochthonous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 29 populations population NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 31 Serbia Serbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 33 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 36 Hungary Hungary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 40 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 41 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 44 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 45 Greater Greater NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 46 Romania Romania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 48 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 49 1945 1945 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 52 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 53 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 54 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 55 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 56 Ukraine Ukraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 58 Bukovina Bukovina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 60 Budjak Budjak NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 64 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 65 villages village NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 66 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 67 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 68 Dniester Dniester NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 69 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 70 Bug Bug NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 71 rivers river NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 231 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 5 Aromanian aromanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 6 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 8 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 9 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 11 Aromanians Aromanians NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 13 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 15 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 17 Albania Albania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 19 Kosovo Kosovo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 22 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 232 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 4 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 6 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 9 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 12 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 14 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 16 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 17 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 19 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 20 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 22 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 23 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 24 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 26 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 30 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 31 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 33 Israel Israel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 35 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 36 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 39 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 40 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 42 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 43 percent percent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 46 population,[26 population,[26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 47 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 49 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 50 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 51 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 52 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 53 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 54 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 56 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 57 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 233 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 3 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 6 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 7 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 9 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 11 born bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 12 Jews Jews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 13 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 14 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 16 Israel Israel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 17 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 18 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 19 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 20 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 234 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 4 And and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 5 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 8 2.6 2.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 10 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 11 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 14 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 15 Soviet soviet JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 16 republic republic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 18 Moldova Moldova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 19 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 21 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 23 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 25 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 26 variously variously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 27 Moldovan Moldovan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 29 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 31 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 235 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 2 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 3 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 4 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 9 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 11 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 15 ranking ranking NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 16 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 21 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 23 brackets):[28][29 brackets):[28][29 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 25 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 27 Hispanosphere Hispanosphere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 29 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 30 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 32 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 34 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 36 Lusosphere Lusosphere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 38 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 39 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 41 6th 6th NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 43 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 45 Francophonie Francophonie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 47 8.6 8.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 48 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 50 18th 18th NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 52 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 53 7.7 7.7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 54 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 56 23rd 23rd NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 58 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 59 3.0 3.0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 60 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 61 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 62 49th 49th NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 64 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 65 0.9 0.9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 66 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 67 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 68 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 69 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 70 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 71 top top JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 72 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 73 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 74 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 75 3.6 3.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 76 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 77 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 78 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 79 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 80 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 81 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 82 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 83 Andorra Andorra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 236 84 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 2 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 6 co co JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 7 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 8 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 10 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 12 Catalonia Catalonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 15 Valencian Valencian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 16 Community Community NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 20 Balearic Balearic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 21 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 26 recognized recognize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 28 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 29 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 30 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 33 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 34 Franja Franja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 38 Aragon Aragon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 237 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 6 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 9 residents resident NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 11 Alghero Alghero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 15 island island NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 17 Sardinia Sardinia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 22 co co JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 23 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 24 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 26 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 27 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 238 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 1 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 4 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 5 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 7 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 8 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 9 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 12 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 13 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 15 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 17 Galicia Galicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 20 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 21 legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 22 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 24 neighbouring neighbouring NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 25 territories territory NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 27 Castilla Castilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 28 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 29 León León NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 239 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 2 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 6 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 7 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 10 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 12 otherwise otherwise RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 13 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 14 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 17 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 19 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 21 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 23 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 25 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 27 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 29 Friulan Friulan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 31 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 33 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 35 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 37 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 40 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 42 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 240 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 2 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 5 survive survive VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 6 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 8 spoken spoken JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 11 informal informal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 241 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 1 National national JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 2 governments government NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 4 historically historically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 5 viewed view VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 6 linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 7 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 10 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 12 administrative administrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 14 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 15 liability liability NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 17 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 18 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 21 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 22 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 24 separatist separatist JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 25 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 27 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 29 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 30 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 31 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 32 fought fight VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 34 eliminate eliminate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 35 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 37 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 38 extensively extensively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 39 promoting promote VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 41 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 44 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 45 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 47 restricting restrict VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 49 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 52 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 53 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 56 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 58 recognizing recognize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 59 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 60 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 61 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 62 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 63 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 64 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 66 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 67 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 68 persecuting persecute VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 69 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 242 70 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 3 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 5 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 10 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 11 endangered endanger VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 13 varying vary VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 14 degrees degree NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 15 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 18 UNESCO UNESCO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 19 Red Red NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 20 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 22 Endangered Endangered NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 23 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 25 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 28 vulnerable vulnerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 243 31 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 1 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 3 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 7 severely severely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 8 endangered endanger VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 11 Arpitan Arpitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 13 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 16 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 17 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 244 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 3 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 4 twentieth twentieth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 6 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 7 twenty twenty CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 9 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 10 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 12 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 16 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 18 minorities minority NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 19 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 20 allowed allow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 21 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 23 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 24 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 26 start start VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 27 recovering recover VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 29 prestige prestige NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 31 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 32 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 245 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 1 Yet yet CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 4 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 5 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 6 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 7 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 8 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 9 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 11 enough enough JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 13 reverse reverse VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 15 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 17 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 18 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 246 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 1 History[edit history[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 7 continuation continuation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 9 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 10 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 13 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 15 colloquial colloquial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 16 sociolect sociolect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 18 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 19 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 21 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 23 settlers settler NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 26 merchants merchant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 29 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 30 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 33 distinguished distinguish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 34 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 36 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 37 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 40 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 41 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 42 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 44 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 45 upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 46 classes class NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 49 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 51 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 53 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 54 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 55 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 56 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 247 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 4 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 5 350 350 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 6 BC BC NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 8 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 9 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 12 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 15 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 17 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 20 administrative administrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 22 educational educational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 23 policies policy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 25 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 26 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 28 dominant dominant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 29 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 30 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 32 continental continental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 33 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 34 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 248 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 1 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 3 exerted exert VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 5 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 6 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 8 southeastern southeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 9 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 13 province province NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 15 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 17 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 18 Germany Germany NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 20 Pannonia Pannonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 23 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 24 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 249 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 3 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 5 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 9 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 10 fragmentation fragmentation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 13 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 15 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 16 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 19 fifth fifth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 21 sixth sixth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 22 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 25 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 26 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 28 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 29 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 30 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 31 isolated isolated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 33 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 34 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 36 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 38 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 39 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 40 coming come VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 41 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 42 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 43 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 44 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 47 Goths Goths NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 49 Franks Franks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 51 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 55 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 56 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 57 coming come VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 58 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 59 Slavic slavic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 60 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 250 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 2 30][31 30][31 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 5 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 6 diverged diverge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 8 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 9 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 12 accelerated accelerated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 13 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 15 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 16 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 19 continuum continuum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 21 recognizably recognizably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 22 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 23 typologies typology NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 251 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 2 colonial colonial NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 3 empires empire NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 4 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 6 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 8 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 11 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 14 fifteenth fifteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 15 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 16 onward onward RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 17 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 22 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 23 continents continent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 25 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 26 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 27 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 28 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 29 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 30 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 32 thirds third NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 34 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 35 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 36 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 37 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 38 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 39 live live VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 40 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 41 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 252 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 253 1 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 253 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 253 3 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 253 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 253 5 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 1 substratum substratum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 3 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 4 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 8 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 9 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 10 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 14 superstratum superstratum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 16 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 17 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 19 Slavic slavic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 20 invasions invasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 24 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 26 morphology morphology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 29 lexicon lexicon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 31 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 32 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 33 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 34 consist consist VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 35 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 37 evolved evolved JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 38 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 40 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 41 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 254 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 4 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 5 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 6 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 8 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 10 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 15 ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 255 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 2 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 5 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 6 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 8 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 10 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 11 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 13 declension declension NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 14 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 16 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 21 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 23 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 24 SVO SVO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 25 sentence sentence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 26 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 28 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 29 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 30 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 32 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 256 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 1 Vulgar vulgar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 2 Latin[edit latin[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 4 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 5 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 7 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 8 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 9 Length Length NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 13 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 17 Languages[32 Languages[32 , en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 19 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 20 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 22 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 23 Documentary Documentary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 24 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 26 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 27 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 28 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 29 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 32 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 34 comprehensive comprehensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 35 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 39 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 41 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 42 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 43 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 44 interpret interpret VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 46 generalize generalize VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 257 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 4 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 6 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 8 slaves slave NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 10 displaced displace VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 11 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 14 forced force VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 15 resettlers resettler NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 17 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 18 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 20 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 21 natives native NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 23 conquered conquer VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 24 lands land NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 25 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 26 natives native NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 28 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 258 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 2 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 3 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 5 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 6 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 7 replaced replace VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 8 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 11 Italic italic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 16 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 21 shared shared JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 22 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 24 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 25 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 259 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 1 Commonalities commonality NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 3 syntax syntax NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 5 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 6 facilitated facilitate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 8 adoption adoption NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 10 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 260 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 2 33][34][35 33][34][35 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 4 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 5 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 7 believed believe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 10 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 11 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 12 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 15 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 16 shared share VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 18 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 19 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 20 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 23 distinguish distinguish VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 24 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 26 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 27 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 29 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 32 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 33 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 34 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 37 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 38 grammatical grammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 39 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 40 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 42 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 43 replacement replacement NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 44 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 45 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 46 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 48 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 51 neuter neuter JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 52 grammatical grammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 53 gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 55 comparative comparative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 56 inflections inflection NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 57 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 58 replacement replacement NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 59 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 60 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 61 verb verb JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 62 paradigms paradigm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 63 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 64 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 261 66 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 1 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 2 synthetic synthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 3 future future NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 4 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 5 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 8 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 9 analytic analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 10 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 11 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 12 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 13 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 15 infinitive infinitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 16 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 17 evolved evolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 18 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 19 indicative indicative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 20 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 22 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 23 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 24 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 28 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 30 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 34 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 35 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 38 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 41 plosives plosive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 42 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 44 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 262 47 /t/. /t/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 1 To to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 3 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 6 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 8 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 10 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 11 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 13 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 14 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 19 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 20 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 22 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 25 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 26 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 30 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 33 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 34 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 35 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 39 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 40 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 41 alongside alongside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 43 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 44 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 45 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 46 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 47 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 48 reserved reserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 49 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 50 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 52 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 53 occasions occasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 263 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 3 argue argue VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 6 distinctions distinction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 8 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 9 rightly rightly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 10 viewed view VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 12 indicative indicative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 14 sociolinguistic sociolinguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 16 register register VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 17 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 18 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 19 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 20 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 21 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 22 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 264 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 3 mutually mutually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 4 intelligible intelligible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 9 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 14 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 15 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 16 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 17 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 19 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 20 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 23 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 24 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 265 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 3 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 4 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 5 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 6 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 7 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 8 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 10 dead dead JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 11 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 12 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 15 Romanized romanize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 18 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 19 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 20 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 21 longer longer RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 22 understand understand VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 23 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 24 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 26 read read VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 27 aloud aloud RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 29 recited recite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 31 them,"[36 them,"[36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 266 33 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 1 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 3 ceased cease VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 8 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 10 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 12 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 13 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 18 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 20 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 22 label label NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 23 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 25 constrained constrain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 27 refer refer VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 30 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 33 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 34 frozen freeze VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 36 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 37 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 39 restricted restrict VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 41 linguistic linguistic VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 42 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 43 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 45 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 46 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 47 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 49 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 50 registers register NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 267 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 3 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 6 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 7 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 9 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 10 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 11 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 12 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 13 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 14 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 16 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 17 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 18 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 20 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 22 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 25 southeast southeast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 26 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 29 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 30 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 31 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 32 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 34 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 35 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 268 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 2 37]:1 37]:1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 3 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 6 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 8 Empire[edit empire[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 10 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 12 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 13 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 16 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 17 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 18 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 21 fifth fifth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 22 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 24 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 26 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 28 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 29 migrations migration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 30 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 32 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 36 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 38 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 39 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 40 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 41 fragmented fragment VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 42 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 43 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 44 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 45 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 269 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 1 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 2 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 5 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 7 occupied occupy VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 9 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 11 Slavic slavic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 12 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 18 Huns Huns NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 270 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 2 incursions incursion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 3 isolated isolate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 5 Vlachs Vlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 8 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 10 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 12 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 271 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 1 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 3 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 5 — — : 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the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 30 urban urban JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 31 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 32 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 33 disappeared disappear VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 36 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 37 Ages Ages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 40 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 41 Pannonian Pannonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 42 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 44 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 45 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 46 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 47 Hungary Hungary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 50 Moselle Moselle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 51 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 53 Germany Germany NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 272 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 3 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 4 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 7 penetrated penetrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 8 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 9 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 11 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 14 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 15 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 16 adopted adopt VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 17 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 18 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 19 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 22 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 25 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 27 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 28 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 29 alongside alongside IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 30 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 31 inhabitants inhabitant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 33 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 34 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 37 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 38 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 39 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 41 dominant dominant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 42 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 43 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 273 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 2 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 3 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 5 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 6 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 9 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 12 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 13 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 15 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 16 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 17 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 274 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 2 37]:4 37]:4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 3 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 6 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 7 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 8 empire[edit empire[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 10 Meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 12 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 14 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 15 migrations migration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 18 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 19 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 20 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 21 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 24 Goths Goths NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 26 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 28 Huns Huns NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 30 Avars Avars NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 32 Bulgars Bulgars NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 34 Slavs Slavs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 36 Pechenegs Pechenegs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 38 Hungarians Hungarians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 40 Cumans Cumans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 275 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 2 invasions invasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 4 Slavs Slavs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 7 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 8 thoroughgoing thoroughgoing JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 12 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 13 reduced reduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 15 Romanic romanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 16 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 19 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 276 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 5 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 8 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 10 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 12 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 14 1453 1453 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 15 marked mark VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 17 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 20 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 277 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 2 Slavs Slavs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 3 named name VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 5 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 7 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 8 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 9 Vlachs Vlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 11 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 13 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 14 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 15 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 17 Rumân Rumân NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 21 Român Român NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 26 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 28 Romanus"[39 Romanus"[39 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 30 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 31 Daco Daco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 33 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 34 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 35 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 36 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 37 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 38 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 40 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 41 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 42 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 43 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 46 Danube Danube NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 47 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 48 Macedo Macedo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 50 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 52 Istro Istro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 53 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 54 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 56 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 57 Megleno Megleno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 58 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 59 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 60 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 61 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 63 ninth ninth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 65 tenth tenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 66 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 68 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 69 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 70 Romanians Romanians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 71 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 72 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 73 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 74 Vlachs Vlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 75 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 76 Wallachians Wallachians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 77 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 78 emerged emerge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 79 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 80 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 81 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 278 82 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 4 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 5 Romance[edit romance[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 7 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 9 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 12 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 14 eighth eighth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 15 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 17 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 18 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 20 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 22 morphology morphology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 24 syntax syntax NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 26 lexicon lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 27 accumulated accumulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 30 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 31 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 33 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 35 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 36 locale locale NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 38 noticeably noticeably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 39 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 40 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 41 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 279 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 2 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 4 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 6 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 7 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 8 lects lect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 9 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 12 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 14 separated separate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 15 geographically geographically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 17 reducing reduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 18 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 19 mutual mutual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 20 intelligibility intelligibility NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 21 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 22 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 24 distant distant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 25 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 280 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 4 Clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 5 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 8 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 10 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 12 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 15 Reichenau Reichenau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 16 Glosses Glosses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 19 eighth eighth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 21 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 22 compilation compilation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 24 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 25 1,200 1,200 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 26 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 29 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 32 Vulgate Vulgate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 34 Jerome Jerome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 36 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 37 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 39 phonological phonological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 40 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 41 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 42 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 43 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 44 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 45 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 46 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 48 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 49 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 50 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 51 eighth eighth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 52 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 53 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 54 equivalents equivalent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 55 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 56 proto proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 57 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 58 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 59 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 60 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 281 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 5 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 7 reflexes reflex NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 9 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 10 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 14 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 16 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 17 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 18 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 19 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 20 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 282 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 2 Vulgate vulgate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 4 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 5 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 283 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 2 Reichenau Reichenau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 4 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 6 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 7 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 8 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 9 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 10 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 11 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 12 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 13 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 14 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 15 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 16 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 17 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 18 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 19 semel semel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 20 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 21 vice vice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 22 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 23 fês fês NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 24 une une NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 25 fois fois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 27 ina ina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 28 giada giada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 31 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 32 volta volta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 34 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 35 vez vez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 36 uma uma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 37 vez vez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 39 o o NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 40 dată dată NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 42 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 43 vegada vegada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 45 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 46 cop cop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 48 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 49 volta volta NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 52 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 53 borta borta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 55 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 56 fes fes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 58 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 59 còp còp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 61 n n NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 62 iede iede NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 63 na na IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 64 vota vota NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 65 children/ children/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 66 infants infants NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 67 liberi liberi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 68 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 69 infantes infantes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 70 infantes infante VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 71 enfants enfant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 72 enfants enfant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 73 unfants unfant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 74 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 75 bambini bambini NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 77 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 78 infanti infanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 79 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 80 niños niños NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 82 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 83 infantes infantes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 84 infantes infantes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 85 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 86 crianças crianças NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 87 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 88 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 89 copii copii NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 90 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 91 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 92 nens nen NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 93 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 94 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 95 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 284 96 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 1 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 2 infants infant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 4 pipius pipius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 6 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 8 pitzinnos pitzinnos NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 10 enfants enfant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 11 mutons muton VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 12 criature criature NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 14 blow blow VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 15 flare flare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 16 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 17 sofflare sofflare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 18 suflare suflare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 19 soflar soflar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 20 souffler souffler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 21 suflar suflar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 22 soffiare soffiare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 23 soplar soplar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 24 soprar soprar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 28 sufla sufla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 30 bufar bufar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 32 sulai sulai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 33 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 34 sulare sulare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 35 bufar bufar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 36 suflé suflé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 37 sciuscià sciuscià NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 39 sing sing VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 40 canere canere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 41 cantare cantare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 42 çhantar çhantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 43 chanter chanter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 44 chantar chantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 45 cantare cantare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 46 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 47 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 49 a a LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 51 cânta cânta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 52 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 53 cantai cantai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 54 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 55 cantare cantare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 56 cantar cantar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 57 cianté cianté NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 58 cantà cantà NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 60 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 61 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 62 plur plur NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 285 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 1 optimi optimi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 3 meliores meliores NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 4 meliores meliores NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 5 los los NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 6 mèljörs mèljörs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 7 les les NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 8 meilleurs meilleurs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 9 ils ils NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 10 megliers meglier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 11 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 12 migliori migliori VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 13 los los NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 14 mejores mejore NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 15 os os NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 16 melhores melhores NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 18 optimi optimi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 20 cei cei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 21 mai mai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 22 buni buni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 24 els els IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 25 millors millor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 27 mellus mellus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 28 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 29 sos sos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 30 menzus menzus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 31 Los Los NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 32 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 33 lei lei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 34 melhors melhor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 35 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 36 miëures miëure VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 37 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 38 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 39 meglie meglie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 40 beautiful beautiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 41 pulchra pulchra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 42 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 43 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 44 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 45 bèla bèla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 46 belle belle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 47 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 48 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 50 hermosa hermosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 52 bonita bonita NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 54 linda linda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 56 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 57 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 58 bela bela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 59 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 61 formosa formosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 63 bonita bonita NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 65 linda linda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 66 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 67 frumoasă frumoasă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 68 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 69 bonica bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 71 polida polida NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 72 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 73 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 74 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 75 bella bella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 76 bèla bèla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 77 bela bela VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 78 bella bella NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 79 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 80 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 81 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 82 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 83 ore ore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 84 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 85 bucca bucca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 86 en en NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 87 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 88 boçhe boçhe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 89 dans dans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 90 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 91 bouche bouche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 92 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 93 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 94 bucca bucca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 95 nella nella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 96 bocca bocca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 97 en en FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 98 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 99 boca boca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 100 na na NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 101 boca[42 boca[42 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 102 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 103 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 104 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 105 îmbuca)[43 îmbuca)[43 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 106 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 107 a a FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 108 la la FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 109 boca boca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 110 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 111 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 112 buca buca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 113 dins dins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 114 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 115 boca boca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 116 te te NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 117 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 118 bocia bocia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 119 ' ' CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 120 n n CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 121 bocca bocca NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 122 /'mmok.kə /'mmok.kə CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 123 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 124 hiems hiems NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 125 hibernus hibernus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 126 hìvern hìvern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 127 hiver hiver NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 128 inviern inviern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 129 inverno inverno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 130 invierno invierno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 131 inverno inverno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 132 iarnă iarnă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 133 hivern hivern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 134 ierru ierru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 135 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 136 iberru iberru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 137 ivèrn ivèrn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 138 inviern inviern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 139 vierno vierno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 140 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 141 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 142 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 143 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 144 above above JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 145 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 146 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 147 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 148 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 149 appearing appear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 150 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 151 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 152 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 153 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 154 Vulgate Vulgate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 155 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 156 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 157 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 158 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 159 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 160 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 161 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 162 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 163 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 164 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 165 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 166 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 167 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 168 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 169 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 170 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 286 171 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 3 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 8 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 10 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 11 disappeared disappear VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 13 casual casual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 14 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 17 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 20 Glosses Glosses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 23 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 24 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 27 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 28 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 29 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 30 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 31 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 32 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 33 understood understand VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 36 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 38 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 39 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 40 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 41 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 43 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 44 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 47 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 48 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 49 difficulty difficulty NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 50 understanding understand VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 52 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 287 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 3 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 7 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 9 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 10 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 288 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 3 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 4 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 5 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 9 holding hold VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 12 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 14 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 15 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 18 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 19 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 20 intolerably intolerably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 21 corrupt",[41]:6 corrupt",[41]:6 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 22 successfully successfully RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 23 imposed impose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 24 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 25 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 27 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 28 artificial artificial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 29 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 30 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 32 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 33 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 289 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 4 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 6 parishioners parishioner NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 7 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 8 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 9 longer longer RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 10 understand understand VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 12 sermons sermon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 15 priests priest NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 17 forcing force VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 19 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 21 Tours Tours NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 23 813 813 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 25 issue issue VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 26 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 27 edict edict NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 28 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 29 priests priest NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 30 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 32 translate translate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 33 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 34 speeches speech NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 35 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 37 rustica rustica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 38 romana romana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 39 lingua lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 41 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 42 explicit explicit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 43 acknowledgement acknowledgement NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 46 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 49 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 50 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 51 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 52 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 53 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 54 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 55 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 290 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 2 41]:6 41]:6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 3 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 5 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 8 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 9 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 10 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 13 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 15 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 17 Price Price NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 19 1984),[41]:6 1984),[41]:6 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 22 lects lect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 23 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 24 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 25 apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 26 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 29 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 31 speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 33 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 34 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 36 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 38 Ibero Ibero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 40 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 42 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 44 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 46 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 47 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 48 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 291 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 292 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 292 2 researchers[who researchers[who RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 292 3 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 292 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 1 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 2 postulated postulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 5 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 6 divergences divergence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 9 spoken spoken JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 10 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 11 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 13 accelerated accelerate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 14 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 17 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 18 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 22 formerly formerly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 23 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 25 efficient efficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 26 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 27 networks network NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 30 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 31 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 32 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 33 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 34 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 35 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 37 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 40 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 41 disappearance disappearance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 44 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 45 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 46 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 47 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 49 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 52 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 293 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 2 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 3 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 6 5th–10th 5th–10th NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 7 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 8 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 10 poorly poorly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 11 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 12 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 13 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 15 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 16 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 19 chaotic chaotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 21 Dark Dark NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 22 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 26 5th–8th 5th–8th CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 27 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 28 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 29 survived survive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 32 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 33 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 34 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 35 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 36 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 38 consciously consciously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 39 classicized classicize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 40 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 41 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 43 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 44 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 45 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 46 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 47 beginning begin VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 49 earnest earnest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 52 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 53 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 54 12th 12th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 55 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 294 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 2 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 6 Oaths Oaths NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 8 Strasbourg Strasbourg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 10 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 14 ninth ninth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 15 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 16 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 17 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 20 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 21 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 22 learnèd learnèd JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 23 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 25 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 26 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 28 evolved evolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 29 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 295 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 2 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 3 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 5 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 6 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 8 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 9 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 11 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 12 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 14 Dark Dark NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 15 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 17 Vlachs Vlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 20 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 22 Herzegovina Herzegovina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 24 Dalmatia Dalmatia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 26 Morlachs Morlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 29 Ukraine Ukraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 31 Hutsuls Hutsuls NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 34 Poland Poland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 36 Gorals Gorals NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 39 Slovakia Slovakia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 42 Czech Czech NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 43 Moravia Moravia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 45 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 46 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 47 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 48 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 49 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 50 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 51 maternal maternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 52 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 296 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 2 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 4 Recognition Recognition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 7 vernaculars[edit vernaculars[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 11 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 12 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 13 border:[45 border:[45 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 15 • • VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 16 Early Early NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 17 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 18 Ages Ages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 19     _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 20 • • NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 21 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 22 Twentieth Twentieth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 23 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 24     _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 25 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 27 10th 10th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 29 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 30 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 32 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 33 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 34 vernaculars vernacular NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 35 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 37 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 38 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 40 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 41 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 42 supplant supplant VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 43 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 45 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 47 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 48 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 297 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 3 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 7 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 10 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 12 expedited expedite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 14 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 16 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 18 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 20 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 22 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 24 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 26 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 27 prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 28 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 30 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 31 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 33 vernacular vernacular NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 35 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 36 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 37 accord accord NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 38   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 39 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 40 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 43 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 44 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 46 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 47 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 48 Giacomo Giacomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 49 da da NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 50 Lentini Lentini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 52 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 53 Alighieri Alighieri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 298 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 1 Well well UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 2 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 3 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 6 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 9 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 11 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 12 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 17 testimonies testimony NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 20 Placiti Placiti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 21 Cassinesi Cassinesi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 23 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 24 960 960 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 25 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 26 963 963 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 299 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 1 Uniformization uniformization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 3 standardization[edit standardization[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 6 invention invention NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 9 printing print VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 10 press press NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 11 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 13 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 14 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 15 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 16 uniformity uniformity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 18 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 20 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 21 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 22 boundaries boundary NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 26 expense expense NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 28 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 29 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 30 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 32 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 33 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 34 favored favor VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 35 politically politically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 300 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 2 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 5 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 8 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 9 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 12 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 14 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 15 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 16 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 19 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 20 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 24 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 27 south south NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 28 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 29 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 301 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 1 Sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 2 changes[edit changes[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 7 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 8 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 9 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 10 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 11 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 13 cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 14 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 15 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 302 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 2 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 3 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 5 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 7 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 8 citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 10 reliable reliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 11 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 303 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 1 Unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 2 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 5 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 7 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 304 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 2 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 3 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 6 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 11 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 13 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 14 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 16 Consonants[edit consonants[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 18 Significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 19 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 20 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 21 affected affect VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 23 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 27 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 305 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 1 Apocope[edit apocope[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 3 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 6 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 8 eliminate eliminate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 9 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 10 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 12 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 13 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 15 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 17 dropping drop VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 20 apocope apocope NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 23 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 25 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 26 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 27 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 29 epenthesis epenthesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 306 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 2 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 3 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 5 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 7 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 8 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 10 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 11 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 307 13 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 1 ad ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 3 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 6 apud apud VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 10 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 13 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 18 conjunctions conjunction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 20 sed se VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 26 demonstratives demonstrative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 308 28 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 1 illud illud RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 2 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 5 over over RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 6 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 10 hoc hoc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 17 nominative nominative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 18 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 19 noun noun JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 20 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 22 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 24 neuter neuter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 25 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 309 27 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 1 lac lac NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 3 milk milk NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 6 mel mel PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 8 honey honey NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 11 cor cor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 13 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 310 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 4 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 6 conjunctions conjunction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 8 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 10 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 12 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 14 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 16 regularized regularize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 18 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 19 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 22 oblique oblique JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 23 stems stem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 24 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 25 avoided avoid VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 27 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 28 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 311 29 ( ( 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 7 -am -am NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 9 -em -em : en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 11 -um -um . en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 13 inflectional inflectional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 14 suffixes suffix NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 17 accusative accusative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 18 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 21 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 22 elided elide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 24 poetic poetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 25 meter meter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 27 suggesting suggest VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 29 m m NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 30 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 31 weakly weakly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 32 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 34 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 35 marking mark VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 37 nasalisation nasalisation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 40 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 41 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 42 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 314 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 2 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 3 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 4 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 5 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 6 nasalization nasalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 11 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 13 monosyllables monosyllables NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 15 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 17 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 18 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 315 19 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 1 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 2 quien quien NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 3 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 4 quem quem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 6 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 9 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 10 rien rien NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 12 anything anything NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 14 < < NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 15 rem rem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 17 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 20 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 21 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 22 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 24 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 25 mon mon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 26 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 27 meum meum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 29 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 31 m.sg m.sg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 316 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 1 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 2 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 4 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 6 /meu̯m/ /meu̯m/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 7 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 8 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 9 /meu̯n/ /meu̯n/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 11 /mun/ /mun/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 14 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 15 mío mío NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 17 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 19 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 20 meu meu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 21 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 22 meum meum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 23 pronounced pronounce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 25 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 27 /ˈme.um/ /ˈme.um/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 28 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 29 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 30 /ˈme.o/ /ˈme.o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 317 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 3 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 5 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 7 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 9 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 10 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 12 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 13 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 15 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 16 -t -t : en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 18 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 20 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 21 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 22 verb verb JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 23 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 26 -nt -nt NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 28 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 29 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 31 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 32 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 34 -n -n , en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 37 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 39 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 40 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 41 verb verb JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 42 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 318 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 1 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singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 25 -us/-is -us/-is NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 26 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 27 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 28 -ās/-ōs/-ēs -ās/-ōs/-ēs . en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 31 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 32 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 33 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 35 trēs trēs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 37 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 40 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 42 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 45 crās crās FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 47 tomorrow tomorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 50 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 319 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 1 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 2 -n -n : en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 5 monosyllables monosyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 8 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 9 -m -m NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 320 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 1 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 2 -r -r NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 4 -d -d : en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 7 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 321 9 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 1 ad ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 3 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 6 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 8 clitics clitic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 10 attached attach VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 11 phonologically phonologically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 14 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 15 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 322 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 1 Very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 2 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 5 -c -c : en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 323 7 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 1 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 2 oc oc IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 4 yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 6 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 7 hoc hoc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 9 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 10 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 11 avuec avuec NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 15 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 16 apud apud NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 17 hoc hoc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 19 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 20 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 21 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 23 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 24 protected protect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 27 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 28 epenthetic epenthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 29 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 30 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 31 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 32 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 324 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 1 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 2 -t -t : en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 4 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 5 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 7 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 10 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 11 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 12 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 13 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 14 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 15 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 16 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 18 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 19 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 20 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 325 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 5 reflex reflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 7 -t -t : en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 9 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 11 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 12 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 14 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 15 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 16 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 17 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 18 1100 1100 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 326 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 2 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 3 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 6 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 7 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 11 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 12 preceded precede VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 14 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 16 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 17 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 18 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 19 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 20 a a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 327 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 1 Hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 2 amat amat VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 4 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 5 loves love VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 7 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 8 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 9 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 10 aime aime NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 12 venit venit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 14 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 15 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 17 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 18 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 19 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 20 vient vient NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 23 /t/ /t/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 25 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 26 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 28 survives survive VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 29 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 30 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 31 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 33 liaison liaison NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 328 35 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 329 1 vient vient NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 329 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 329 3 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 329 4 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 3 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 4 coming come VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 5 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 330 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 1 /vjɛ̃ti(l)/ /vjɛ̃ti(l)/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 4 corresponding corresponding NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 5 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 7 aime aime NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 9 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 11 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 331 12 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 1 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 2 analogical analogical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 5 inherited inherit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 332 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 1 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 4 kept keep VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 8 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 9 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 10 ending ending NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 11 -nt -nt HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 12 intact intact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 333 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 2 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 7 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 11 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 12 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 13 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 14 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 16 either either RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 17 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 19 protected protect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 22 epenthetic epenthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 23 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 25 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 27 clitic clitic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 28 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 334 30 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 1 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 2 con con NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 4 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 335 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 1 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 2 Standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 3 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 4 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 6 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 7 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 8 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 10 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 11 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 13 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 14 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 15 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 16 resurfaced resurface VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 17 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 18 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 19 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 20 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 22 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 23 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 336 25 /i/. /i/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 4 amās amās IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 7 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 9 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 10 ame ame XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 11 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 12 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 13 ami ami NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 14 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 15 amant amant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 17 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 18 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 20 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 21 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 22 aman aman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 23 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 24 Ital Ital NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 337 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 338 1 amano amano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 338 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 3 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 6 sloppily sloppily RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 7 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 9 Lombardic lombardic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 11 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 16 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 18 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 19 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 21 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 22 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 24 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 25 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 27 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 29 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 32 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 34 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 35 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 36 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 40 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 42 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 43 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 44 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 45 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 46 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 47 betrayed betray VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 48 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 50 syntactic syntactic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 51 gemination gemination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 53 raddoppiamento raddoppiamento VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 54 sintattico sintattico NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 56 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 57 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 58 trigger trigger VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 339 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 4 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 8 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 9 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 10 /s/ /s/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 11 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 12 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 13 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 15 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 16 disappearing disappear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 18 nōs nōs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 19 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 20 noi noi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 22 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 25 se(d)ēs se(d)ēs XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 26 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 27 sei sei NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 29 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 30 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 33 crās crās FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 34 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 35 crai crai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 37 tomorrow tomorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 40 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 41 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 340 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 2 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 3 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 6 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 7 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 9 simplified simplify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 11 canēs canēs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 12 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 13 /ˈkanej/ /ˈkanej/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 14 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 15 cani cani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 17 dogs dog NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 20 amīcās amīcās NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 21 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 22 /aˈmikaj/ /aˈmikaj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 23 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 24 amiche amiche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 25 /aˈmike/ /aˈmike/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 28 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 30 friends friend NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 33 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 34 nominative nominative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 35 amīcae amīcae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 36 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 37 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 38 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 39 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 40 amice amice UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 41 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 42 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 43 amiche amiche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 45 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 46 masculine masculine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 47 amīcī amīcī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 48 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 49 amici amici NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 50 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 51 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 52 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 53 amichi amichi NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 341 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 1 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 2 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 3 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 5 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 6 regained regain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 8 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 11 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 12 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 15 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 16 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 18 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 19 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 21 /o/ /o/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 342 23 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 2 llet llet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 4 milk milk NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 6 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 7 lactem lactem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 9 foc foc NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 11 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 13 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 14 focum focum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 16 peix peix NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 18 fish fish NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 20 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 21 piscem piscem FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 343 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 4 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 6 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 7 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 9 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 11 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 12 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 14 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 15 ones one NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 18 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 19 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 20 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 21 1700 1700 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 24 tertiary tertiary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 25 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 26 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 27 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 28 arose arise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 29 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 31 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 33 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 34 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 35 -a -a : en-wikipedia-org-4030 344 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 1 Hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 2 masculine masculine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 3 frīgidum frīgidum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 5 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 7 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 8 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 9 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 10 freit freit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 11 /frwεt/ /frwεt/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 12 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 13 froid froid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 14 /fʁwa/ /fʁwa/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 16 feminine feminine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 17 frigidam frigidam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 18 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 19 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 20 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 21 freide freide NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 22 /frwεdə/ /frwεdə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 23 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 24 froide froide UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 345 25 /fʁwad/. /fʁwad/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 1 Palatalization[edit palatalization[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 3 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 5 table table NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 7 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 9 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 10 n n NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 12 l l NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 15 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 16 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 18 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 19 Palatalization Palatalization NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 21 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 22 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 24 § § ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 25   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 26 Mouillé Mouillé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 346 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 1 Palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 6 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 7 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 8 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 9 affecting affect VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 10 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 12 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 13 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 347 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 2 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 3 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 6 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 7 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 10 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 13 postalveolar postalveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 14 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 16 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 17 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 348 20 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 1 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 2 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 4 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 6 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 8 /ts/ /ts/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 10 /dz/ /dz/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 12 /ɲ/ /ɲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 349 14 /ʎ/. /ʎ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 3 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 4 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 5 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 7 Stage Stage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 8 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 9 Consonants Consonants NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 10 affected affect VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 11 Result Result NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 12 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 13 affected affect VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 14 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 15 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 16 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 19 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 21 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 23 hiatus hiatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 25 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 27 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 28 /tsʲ/ /tsʲ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 30 /jj /jj . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 31 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 32 dzʲ~ddʒʲ/ dzʲ~ddʒʲ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 33 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 34 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 35 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 36 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 38 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 39 labial labial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 40 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 41 /ttʃʲ~ttsʲ/ /ttʃʲ~ttsʲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 42 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 43 /kj/ /kj/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 45 /jj /jj . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 46 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 47 ddʒʲ/ ddʒʲ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 48 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 49 /ɡj/ /ɡj/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 51 /ɲɲ/ /ɲɲ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 53 /ʎʎ/ /ʎʎ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 55 /Cʲ/ /Cʲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 56 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 57 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 58 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 59 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 60 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 61 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 62 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 64 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 65 /tʃʲ~tsʲ/ /tʃʲ~tsʲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 67 /j /j . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 68 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 69 dʒʲ/ dʒʲ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 70 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 71 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 72 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 73 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 74 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 75 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 76 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 77 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 78 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 79 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 80 /a/ /a/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 81 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 82 /au/ /au/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 83 /tɕ /tɕ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 84 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 85 tʃʲ/ tʃʲ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 87 /dʑ /dʑ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 88 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 89 dʒʲ/ dʒʲ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 90 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 91 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 92 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 93 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 94 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 95 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 96 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 350 97 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 3 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 4 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 7 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 9 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 10 Note note VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 11 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 13 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 14 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 15 progressively progressively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 16 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 18 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 24 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 25 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 26 progressively progressively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 27 fewer few JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 351 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 2 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 4 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 5 depended depend VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 8 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 9 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 12 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 13 involved involve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 18 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 352 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 2 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 3 division division NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 7 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 12 /ts/ /ts/ IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 13 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 15 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 17 /k/ /k/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 21 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 22 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 24 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 26 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 28 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 29 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 33 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 34 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 353 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 4 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 6 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 9 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 10 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 12 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 16 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 17 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 18 /ts/ /ts/ IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 20 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 21 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 24 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 26 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 354 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 1 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 6 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 8 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 10 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 11 /ttʃ/ /ttʃ/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 13 /tts/ /tts/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 15 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 17 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 19 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 20 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 23 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 24 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 25 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 26 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 355 27 /(t)ts/. /(t)ts/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 2 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 3 suggestive suggestive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 6 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 9 Mozarabic mozarabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 12 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 14 Andalus Andalus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 16 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 17 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 18 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 20 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 21 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 24 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 25 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 26 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 30 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 31 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 33 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 35 geographically geographically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 36 disconnected disconnect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 39 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 40 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 41 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 42 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 43 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 44 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 45 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 46 Mozarabic Mozarabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 47 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 48 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 49 outlying outlying JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 50 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 51 relic relic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 52 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 53 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 54 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 56 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 57 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 58 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 59 /ts/ /ts/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 60 failed fail VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 61 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 62 reach reach VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 356 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 2 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 3 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 4 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 8 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 10 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 14 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 18 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 21 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 22 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 357 24 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 1 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 4 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 5 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 6 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 7 /ts/ /ts/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 9 /tʃ/. /tʃ/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 358 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 1 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 2 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 3 /ts /ts NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 5 dz dz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 7 dʒ/ dʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 8 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 10 /s /s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 12 z z NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 14 ʒ/ ʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 16 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 17 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 18 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 359 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 3 caelum caelum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 5 sky sky NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 7 heaven heaven NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 10 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 12 ˈkai̯lu(m ˈkai̯lu(m NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 17 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 19 k k NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 22 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 23 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 24 cielo cielo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 25 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 26 ˈtʃɛlo ˈtʃɛlo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 29 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 30 cer cer NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 32 tʃer tʃer NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 35 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 36 cielo cielo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 37 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 38 ˈθjelo]/[ˈsjelo ˈθjelo]/[ˈsjelo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 39 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 41 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 42 ciel ciel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 43 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 44 sjɛl sjɛl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 47 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 48 cel cel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 49 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 50 ˈsɛɫ ˈsɛɫ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 54 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 55 céu céu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 56 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 57 ˈsɛw ˈsɛw NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 58 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 360 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 2 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 4 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 5 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 7 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 9 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 10 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 12 Original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 13 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 16 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 17 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 19 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 20 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 21 everywhere everywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 361 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 1 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 2 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 3 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 4 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 5 /z/ /z/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 6 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 7 /dz/ /dz/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 9 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 10 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 13 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 15 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 362 16 /ɡ/. /ɡ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 2 inconsistently inconsistently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 4 /ddz /ddz CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 5 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 6 ddʒ/ ddʒ/ VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 8 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 9 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 12 /ddʒ/ /ddʒ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 14 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 363 15 /ɡ/. /ɡ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 6 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 7 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 9 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 10 /d/ /d/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 12 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 14 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 15 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 16 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 19 either either RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 20 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 22 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 23 medially medially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 25 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 27 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 29 exact exact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 30 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 364 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 2 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 4 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 6 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 8 ɟ͡ʝ ɟ͡ʝ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 11 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 12 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 13 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 14 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 16 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 18 nearby nearby JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 19 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 21 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 365 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 2 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 4 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 5 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 6 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 7 /dʲ/ /dʲ/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 9 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 10 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 12 /dz/ /dz/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 13 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 15 location location NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 17 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 18 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 19 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 20 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 21 /j/ /j/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 23 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 24 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 26 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 27 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 28 /(d)dʒ/ /(d)dʒ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 30 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 31 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 33 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 34 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 36 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 38 originating originate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 39 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 40 isolated isolated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 41 districts district NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 42 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 44 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 45 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 47 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 48 relic relic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 49 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 50 unaffected unaffected JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 51 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 52 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 53 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 366 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 5 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 7 /k /k NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 9 ɡ/ ɡ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 10 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 12 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 14 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 16 j/ j/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 19 /a /a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 21 au/ au/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 23 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 24 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 25 centum centum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 27 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 29 > > NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 30 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 31 /sɑ̃/ /sɑ̃/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 33 cantum cantum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 35 song song NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 37 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 38 chant chant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 367 39 /ʃɑ̃/. /ʃɑ̃/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 3 underwent undergo VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 4 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 6 labials labial NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 7 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 8 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 10 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 11 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 12 /pj /pj NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 14 bj bj IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 15 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 16 vj vj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 18 mj/ mj/ JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 19 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 20 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 21 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 22 /tʃ /tʃ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 24 dʒ dʒ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 26 ndʒ/ ndʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 28 sēpia sēpia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 30 cuttlefish cuttlefish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 32 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 33 seiche seiche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 35 rubeus rubeu VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 37 red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 39 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 40 rouge rouge NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 42 sīmia sīmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 43 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 44 monkey monkey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 45 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 46 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 47 singe singe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 368 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 2 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 3 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 5 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 6 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 7 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 8 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 11 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 12 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 13 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 14 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 16 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 17 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 18 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 19 alveolar alveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 20 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 21 postalveolar postalveolar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 22 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 23 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 369 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 370 1 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 370 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 3 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 4 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 5 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 7 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 8 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 9 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 10 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 11 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 12 triggered trigger VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 14 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 17 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 18 glide glide NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 19 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 21 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 22 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 24 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 25 visible visible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 28 endings ending NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 29 -āre -āre : en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 31 -ātum -ātum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 32 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 33 ātam ātam NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 371 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 5 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 6 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 9 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 10 palatalized palatalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 13 adjoining adjoining JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 14 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 15 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 17 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 18 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 21 separating separating NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 22 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 372 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 4 mansiōnātam mansiōnātam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 5 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 6 /masʲoˈnata/ /masʲoˈnata/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 7 > > NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 8 masʲˈnada/ masʲˈnada/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 9 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 10 /masʲˈnʲæðə/ /masʲˈnʲæðə/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 11 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 12 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 13 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 14 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 15 maisnieḍe maisnieḍe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 16 /maisˈniɛðə/ /maisˈniɛðə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 18 household household NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 373 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 1 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 3 mediētātem mediētātem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 4 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 5 /mejeˈtate/ /mejeˈtate/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 6 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 7 /mejˈtade/ /mejˈtade/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 9 /mejˈtæðe/ /mejˈtæðe/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 10 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 11 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 12 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 13 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 14 meitieḍ meitieḍ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 15 /mejˈtʲɛθ/ /mejˈtʲɛθ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 16 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 17 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 18 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 19 moitié moitié NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 20 /mwaˈtje/ /mwaˈtje/ VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 22 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 374 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 2 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 5 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 6 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 7 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 9 remained remain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 11 primitive primitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 12 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 13 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 15 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 16 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 18 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 19 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 20 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 21 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 22 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 24 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 26 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 27 c.8th c.8th NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 28 century century NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 31 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 32 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 34 fragmentation fragmentation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 37 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 38 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 375 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 2 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 4 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 6 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 9 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 10 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 12 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 13 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 14 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 15 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 17 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 19 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 20 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 23 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 25 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 26 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 27 k k NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 29 ɡ ɡ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 32 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 33 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 35 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 38 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 40 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 376 42 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 5 s s NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 7 ʒ ʒ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 10 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 11 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 12 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 13 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 14 tʃ tʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 16 dʒ dʒ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 19 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 20 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 22 i i NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 377 24 y⟩. y⟩. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 2 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 3 orthographic orthographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 4 trait trait NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 6 passed pass VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 7 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 8 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 10 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 11 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 12 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 14 speaking speaking NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 15 scribes scribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 16 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 17 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 18 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 21 replaced replace VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 23 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 24 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 26 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 27 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 30 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 31 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 32 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 33 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 34 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 36 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 37 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 38 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 40 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 41 ⟨c ⟨c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 43 g⟩ g⟩ '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 44 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 45 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 46 tʃ tʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 48 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 49 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 50 dʒ dʒ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 378 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 4 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 6 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 8 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 9 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 10 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 13 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 14 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 15 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 18 complicates complicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 20 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 21 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 22 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 24 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 379 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 5 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 6 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 7 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 9 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 10 differently differently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 11 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 12 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 14 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 16 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 380 18 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 1 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 2 ⟨ch ⟨ch NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 4 gh⟩ gh⟩ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 6 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 7 ⟨qu ⟨qu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 9 gu⟩ gu⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 13 likewise likewise RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 16 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 17 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 20 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 21 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 22 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 381 24 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 1 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 2 ⟨ci ⟨ci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 4 gi⟩ gi⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 6 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 7 ⟨ç ⟨ç NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 9 j⟩ j⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 382 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 1 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 4 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 6 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 8 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 10 Brazilian Brazilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 11 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 14 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 16 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 17 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 18 ⟨u⟩ ⟨u⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 20 signal signal VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 22 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 23 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 24 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 25 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 27 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 29 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 30 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 31 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 33 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 34 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 36 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 37 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 39 signal signal VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 41 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 42 /kw /kw NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 44 ɡw/ ɡw/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 45 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 46 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 47 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 49 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 50 ⟨cu ⟨cu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 52 gü⟩ gü⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 54 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 56 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 58 Brazilian Brazilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 59 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 60 ⟨qü ⟨qü NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 62 gü⟩ gü⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 383 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 2 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 5 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 7 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 9 orthographic orthographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 10 alternations alternation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 12 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 13 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 14 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 16 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 17 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 384 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 4 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 6 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 9 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 10 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 11 indicative indicative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 13 subjunctive subjunctive VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 16 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 18 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 19 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 20 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 22 marcamos marcamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 24 marquemos marquemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 26 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 27 mark mark VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 29 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 30 caçamos caçamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 32 cacemos cacemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 34 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 35 hunt hunt VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 37 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 38 chegamos chegamo NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 40 cheguemos cheguemo NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 42 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 43 arrive arrive VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 44 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 45 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 46 averiguamos averiguamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 48 averigüemos averigüemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 49 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 50 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 51 verify verify VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 52 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 53 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 54 adequamos adequamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 56 adeqüemos adeqüemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 57 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 58 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 59 adapt adapt VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 60 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 61 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 62 oferecemos oferecemos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 64 ofereçamos ofereçamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 65 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 66 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 67 offer offer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 68 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 69 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 70 dirigimos dirigimos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 72 dirijamos dirijamo NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 73 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 74 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 75 drive drive VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 76 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 77 erguemos erguemo NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 79 ergamos ergamos FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 80 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 81 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 82 raise raise VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 83 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 84 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 85 delinquimos delinquimos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 87 delincamos delincamos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 88 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 89 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 90 commit commit VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 91 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 92 crime crime NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 93 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 385 94 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 3 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 5 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 8 convention convention NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 10 digraphs digraphs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 11 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 12 ch ch XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 15 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 16 gh gh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 17 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 19 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 20 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 22 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 23 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 24 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 25 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 26 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 28 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 29 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 30 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 32 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 33 orthographic orthographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 34 alternations alternation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 36 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 38 dimentico dimentico JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 39 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 40 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 41 forget forget VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 42 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 44 dimentichi dimentichi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 45 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 46 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 47 forget forget VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 48 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 50 baco baco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 51 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 52 worm worm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 53 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 55 bachi bachi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 56 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 57 worms worm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 58 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 59 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 60 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 61 k k NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 62 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 63 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 64 pago pago FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 65 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 66 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 67 pay pay VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 68 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 70 paghi paghi NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 71 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 72 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 73 pay pay VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 74 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 76 lago lago IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 77 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 78 lake lake NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 79 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 81 laghi laghi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 82 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 83 lakes lake NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 84 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 85 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 86 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 87 g g NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 88 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 386 89 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 4 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 6 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 7 ci ci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 10 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 11 gi gi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 12 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 14 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 15 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 17 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 18 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 19 vowels vowels NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 20 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 21 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 24 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 26 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 27 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 28 neatly neatly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 29 distinguishes distinguish VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 30 dico dico NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 31 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 32 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 33 say say VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 34 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 36 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 38 dici dici NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 39 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 40 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 41 say say VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 42 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 43 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 44 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 46 ghiro ghiro NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 47 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 48 dormouse dormouse NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 49 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 50 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 52 giro giro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 53 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 54 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 56 revolution revolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 57 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 58 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 60 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 61 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 62 orthographic orthographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 63 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 64 ci ci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 65 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 66 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 67 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 68 gi gi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 69 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 70 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 71 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 72 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 73 sequence sequence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 74 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 75 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 76 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 77 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 78 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 79 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 80 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 81 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 82 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 83 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 84 /ditʃi/ /ditʃi/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 85 dici dici NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 87 /dʒiro/ /dʒiro/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 88 giro giro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 89 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 91 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 92 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 93 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 94 observed observe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 95 convention convention NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 96 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 97 indicating indicate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 98 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 99 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 100 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 101 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 102 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 103 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 104 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 105 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 106 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 107 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 108 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 109 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 110 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 111 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 112 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 113 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 114 unrecognizable unrecognizable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 387 115 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 5 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 6 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 7 offer offer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 8 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 9 indication indication NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 11 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 12 cia cia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 15 camicia camicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 16 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 17 shirt shirt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 18 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 19 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 21 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 22 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 23 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 24 /tʃa/ /tʃa/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 26 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 27 /i/ /i/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 28 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 29 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 30 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 32 /kaˈmitʃa/ /kaˈmitʃa/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 33 → → SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 34 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 35 kaˈmiːtʃa kaˈmiːtʃa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 36 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 37 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 38 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 39 kaˈmiːʃa kaˈmiːʃa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 43 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 44 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 45 underlying underlie VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 47 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 48 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 49 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 50 cia cia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 51 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 53 farmacia farmacia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 54 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 55 pharmacy pharmacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 56 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 57 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 58 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 59 bisyllabic bisyllabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 60 sequence sequence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 61 consisting consist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 64 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 65 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 66 /tʃi/ /tʃi/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 67 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 68 syllabic syllabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 69 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 70 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 71 /farmaˈtʃia/ /farmaˈtʃia/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 72 → → SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 73 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 74 farmaˈtʃiːa farmaˈtʃiːa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 75 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 76 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 77 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 78 farmaˈʃiːa farmaˈʃiːa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 79 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 80 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 388 81 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 1 Lenition[edit lenition[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 3 Stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 4 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 5 shifted shift VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 7 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 9 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 10 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 13 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 389 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 2 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 3 labial labial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 4 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 5 /b/ /b/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 7 /w/ /w/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 9 represented represent VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 11 ⟨b⟩ ⟨b⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 13 ⟨v⟩ ⟨v⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 15 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 17 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 18 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 20 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 22 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 26 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 27 allophone allophone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 390 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 2 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 6 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 9 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 12 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 13 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 16 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 19 consonantal consonantal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 20 ⟨v⟩ ⟨v⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 22 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 23 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 24 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 25 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 26 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 27 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 29 ⟨b⟩ ⟨b⟩ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 31 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 32 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 36 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 37 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 38 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 39 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 40 interchangeably interchangeably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 391 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 2 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 3 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 6 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 8 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 10 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 12 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 14 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 392 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 4 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 5 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 6 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 7 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 9 /v/ /v/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 13 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 15 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 17 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 19 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 20 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 22 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 23 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 25 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 393 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 1 reflexes reflex NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 3 /b/ /b/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 5 /w/ /w/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 6 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 7 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 10 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 11 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 394 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 3 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 6 softened soften VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 9 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 10 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 12 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 15 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 17 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 19 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 21 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 22 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 25 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 26 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 27 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 28 phonemically phonemically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 31 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 33 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 35 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 36 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 37 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 39 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 40 elegant elegant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 42 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 43 Ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 44 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 47 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 48 apparently apparently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 49 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 50 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 52 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 395 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 2 dividing divide VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 3 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 6 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 7 sets set NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 9 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 11 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 13 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 14 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 16 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 17 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 20 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 23 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 24 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 25 isoglosses isoglosse NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 29 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 396 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 2 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 4 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 6 diachronic diachronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 7 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 8 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 10 phonological phonological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 11 restructuring restructuring NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 15 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 17 Single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 18 voiceless voiceless NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 19 plosives plosive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 20 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 21 voiced voice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 23 -p- -p- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 25 -t- -t- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 27 -c- -c- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 28 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 29 -b- -b- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 31 -d- -d- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 33 -g- -g- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 397 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 1 Subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 6 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 8 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 9 weakened weaken VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 11 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 12 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 13 fricatives fricative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 15 approximants approximant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 18 β̞ β̞ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 22 ð̞ ð̞ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 25 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 26 ɣ˕ ɣ˕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 31 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 34 disappearing disappear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 35 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 38 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 40 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 42 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 43 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 44 /p/ /p/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 47 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 398 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 3 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 4 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 5 progressive progressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 6 weakening weakening NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 8 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 9 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 399 11 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 1 vītam vītam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 2 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 3 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 4 vita vita NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 6 ˈvita ˈvita NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 9 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 10 vida vida NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 12 ˈvidɐ ˈvidɐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 15 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 16 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 18 ˈviðɐ ˈviðɐ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 22 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 23 vida vida NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 24 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 25 ˈbiða ˈbiða NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 28 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 29 Peninsular Peninsular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 30 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 32 ˈbia ˈbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 37 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 38 vie vie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 40 vi vi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 400 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 3 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 4 speculated speculate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 6 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 7 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 8 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 11 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 13 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 16 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 18 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 19 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 20 languages,[citation languages,[citation ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 21 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 24 scholarship scholarship NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 27 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 28 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 29 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 30 challenges challenge NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 31 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 32 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 401 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 2 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 3 plosives plosive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 4 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 6 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 7 tended tend VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 9 disappear disappear VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 402 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 2 plain plain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 3 sibilant sibilant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 4 -s- -s- : en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 6 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 10 voiced voice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 13 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 15 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 16 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 18 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 20 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 21 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 22 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 23 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 24 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 26 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 403 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 2 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 3 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 5 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 6 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 7 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 10 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 11 devoiced devoice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 12 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 15 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 19 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 22 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 23 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 26 allophone allophone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 28 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 29 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 30 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 31 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 33 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 34 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 404 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 2 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 3 plosives plosive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 4 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 5 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 7 -pp- -pp- JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 9 -tt- -tt- JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 11 -cc- -cc- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 13 -bb- -bb- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 15 -dd- -dd- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 17 -gg- -gg- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 18 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 19 -p- -p- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 21 -t- -t- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 23 -c- -c- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 25 -b- -b- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 27 -d- -d- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 29 -g- -g- `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 31 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 32 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 405 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 3 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 5 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 6 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 8 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 9 etymological etymological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 11 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 13 -ll- -ll- NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 14 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 15 -i -i : en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 17 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 19 ij ij NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 24 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 25 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 406 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 2 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 3 sibilant sibilant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 4 -ss- -ss- NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 6 sː sː NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 10 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 11 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 13 s s NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 16 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 18 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 21 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 22 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 24 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 407 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 1 Consonant consonant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 2 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 4 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 5 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 6 phonemically phonemically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 7 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 9 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 10 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 408 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 5 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 7 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 9 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 11 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 14 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 16 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 18 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 20 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 21 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 23 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 24 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 25 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 26 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 27 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 28 /ɡɡ/ /ɡɡ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 30 /dd/ /dd/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 32 /bb/ /bb/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 34 /kk/ /kk/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 36 /tt/ /tt/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 38 /pp/ /pp/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 40 /ll/ /ll/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 42 /mm/ /mm/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 44 /nn/ /nn/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 46 /ss/ /ss/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 48 /rr/ /rr/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 50 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 51 . . FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 53 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 55 doubling doubling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 56 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 57 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 58 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 59 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 60 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 62 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 64 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 66 plosives plosive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 67 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 68 affricates affricate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 70 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 71 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 72 hold hold NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 73 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 74 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 75 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 76 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 77 released release VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 79 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 80 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 81 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 82 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 83 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 84 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 85 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 86 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 409 87 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 1 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 2 /ˈnɔ.te/ /ˈnɔ.te/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 4 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 6 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 7 notte notte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 8 /ˈnɔt.te/ /ˈnɔt.te/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 10 night night NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 13 cade cade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 14 /ˈka.de/ /ˈka.de/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 16 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 17 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 18 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 21 falls fall VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 23 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 24 cadde cadde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 25 /ˈkad.de/ /ˈkad.de/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 27 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 28 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 29 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 32 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 35 caro caro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 36 /ˈka.ro/ /ˈka.ro/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 38 dear dear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 40 expensive expensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 42 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 43 carro carro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 44 /ˈkar.ro/ /ˈkar.ro/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 46 cart cart NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 410 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 3 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 4 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 7 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 9 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 11 Romanesco Romanesco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 13 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 15 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 18 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 19 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 23 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 24 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 26 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 411 28 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 1 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 2 cchiù cchiù NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 8 ccà ccà VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 10 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 412 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 2 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 5 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 6 /b/ /b/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 8 /ts/ /ts/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 11 /dz/ /dz/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 13 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 16 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 19 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 21 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 23 archiphoneme archiphoneme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 24 |R|[dubious |R|[dubious NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 25 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 26 discuss discuss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 29 realised realise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 32 trill trill NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 33 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 36 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 37 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 413 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 2 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 4 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 6 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 7 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 10 affricates affricate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 11 /t͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 13 /d͡ʒ/ /d͡ʒ/ VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 14 weaken weaken VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 15 synchronically synchronically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 17 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 19 ʃ ʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 22 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 23 ʒ ʒ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 25 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 26 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 28 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 30 geminate geminate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 31 congeners congener NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 32 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 33 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 414 35 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 1 cacio cacio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 2 /ˈka.t͡ʃo/ /ˈka.t͡ʃo/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 3 → → SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 5 ˈkaːʃo ˈkaːʃo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 8 cheese cheese NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 10 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 11 caccio caccio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 12 /ˈkat.t͡ʃo/ /ˈkat.t͡ʃo/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 13 → → NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 15 ˈkat.t͡ʃo ˈkat.t͡ʃo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 18 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 19 chase chase VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 415 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 2 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 5 regained regain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 6 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 7 geminate geminate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 8 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 416 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 2 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 3 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 5 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 6 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 7 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 9 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 10 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 12 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 13 ë ë NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 18 etymological etymological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 20 vëdde vëdde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 22 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 23 vidēre vidēre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 26 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 29 sëcca sëcca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 31 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 32 sicca sicca NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 34 dry dry JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 36 feminine feminine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 38 sech sech NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 417 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 2 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 3 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 5 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 7 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 8 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 10 geminate geminate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 11 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 12 /lː/ /lː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 13 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 14 ŀl ŀl CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 16 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 19 ll will VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 21 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 27 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 28 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 31 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 32 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 34 colloquial colloquial NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 37 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 38 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 39 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 41 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 43 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 44 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 418 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 1 Vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 2 prosthesis[edit prosthesis[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 5 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 6 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 8 prosthetic prosthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 9 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 10 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 12 lowered lower VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 14 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 16 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 20 inserted insert VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 21 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 23 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 25 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 26 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 28 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 30 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 32 referred refer VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 35 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 36 impura impura NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 40 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 41 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 43 # # NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 44 sC- sC- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 45 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 46 isC- isc- CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 48 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 49 scrībere scrībere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 50 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 51 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 52 write write VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 53 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 54 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 55 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 56 iscribere iscribere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 58 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 59 escribir escribir NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 61 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 62 escrever escrever NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 64 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 65 escriure escriure NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 67 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 68 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 69 escri(v)re escri(v)re , en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 70 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 71 mod mod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 419 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 1 écrire écrire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 3 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 4 spatha spatha NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 6 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 9 Sard Sard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 10 ispada ispada NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 12 Sp Sp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 14 Pg Pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 15 espada espada NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 17 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 18 espasa espasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 20 OFr OFr NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 21 espeḍe espeḍe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 23 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 24 épée épée NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 27 spiritus spiritus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 29 spirit spirit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 31 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 32 Sard sard RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 33 ispìritu ispìritu RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 35 Sp Sp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 36 espíritu espíritu VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 38 Pg Pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 39 espírito espírito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 41 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 42 esperit esperit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 44 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 45 esprit esprit FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 46 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 47 Stephanum Stephanum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 49 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 51 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 52 Sard Sard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 53 Istèvene Istèvene NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 55 Sp Sp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 56 Esteban Esteban NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 58 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 59 Esteve Esteve NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 61 Pg Pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 62 Estêvão Estêvão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 64 OFr OFr VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 65 Estievne Estievne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 66 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 67 mod mod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 420 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 1 Étienne Étienne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 3 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 4 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 6 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 8 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 9 Sard sard RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 10 istadu istadu RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 12 Sp Sp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 14 Pg Pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 15 estado estado NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 17 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 18 estat estat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 20 OFr OFr NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 21 estat estat JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 23 mod mod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 421 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 422 1 état état NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 422 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 422 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 1 Prosthetic prosthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 2 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 3 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 4 /e/ /e/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 6 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 11 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 13 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 14 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 15 languages,[citation languages,[citation ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 16 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 18 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 20 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 21 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 23 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 25 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 26 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 27 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 28 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 30 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 31 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 423 33 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 1 Sardinia Sardinia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 3 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 4 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 424 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 2 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 3 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 4 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 5 undergo undergo VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 6 prothesis prothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 8 cognates cognate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 10 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 13 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 14 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 17 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 18 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 425 20 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 2 scrivere scrivere VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 4 spada spada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 6 spirito spirito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 8 Stefano Stefano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 11 stato stato NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 426 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 2 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 4 syllabification syllabification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 5 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 7 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 8 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 12 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 13 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 15 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 16 feminine feminine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 17 spada spada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 19 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 20 spada spada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 23 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 25 rendering render VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 27 masculine masculine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 28 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 29 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 30 spaghetto spaghetto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 32 lo lo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 33 spaghetto spaghetto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 34 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 36 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 38 norm norm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 427 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 1 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 2 receding recede VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 4 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 6 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 7 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 10 prosthetic prosthetic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 11 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 12 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 14 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 15 preceded precede VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 16 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 17 clusters cluster NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 19 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 21 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 23 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 24 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 25 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 27 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 28 i]Svizzera i]svizzera CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 428 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 2 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 3 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 4 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 6 prothetic prothetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 8 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 10 productively productively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 15 fossilized fossilize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 18 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 19 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 20 locutions locution NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 24 ispecie ispecie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 25 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 26 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 27 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 29 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 30 iscritto iscritto NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 31 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 33 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 34 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 36 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 38 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 39 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 40 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 41 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 42 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 43 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 44 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 45 partly partly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 46 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 48 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 51 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 52 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 53 iscritto iscritto NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 54 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 55 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 56 īnscrīptus īnscrīptus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 429 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 2 association association NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 4 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 5 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 6 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 8 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 10 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 13 vocalization vocalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 15 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 17 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 18 -s -s : en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 20 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 22 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 24 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 25 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 26 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 30 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 31 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 33 Chocó Chocó NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 35 Colombia Colombia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 430 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 2 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 4 Stressed stress VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 5 vowels[edit vowels[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 7 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 9 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 10 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 12 reorientation[edit reorientation[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 14 Evolution Evolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 17 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 18 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 20 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 22 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 23 Proto- Proto- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 24 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 25 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 27 Balkan Balkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 29 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 30 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 31 Acad.1 acad.1 CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 32 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 33 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 34 Acad.1 Acad.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 35 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 36 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 37 ī ī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 38 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 39 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 40 /iː/ /iː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 41 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 42 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 43 i(ː i(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 46 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 47 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 48 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 49 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 50 ȳ ȳ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 51 long long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 52 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 53 /yː/ /yː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 54 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 56 ĭ ĭ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 58 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 59 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 60 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 61 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 62 ɪ ɪ LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 63 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 64 /ɪ/ /ɪ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 65 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 66 ɪ(ː ɪ(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 68 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 69 ẹ ẹ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 70 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 71 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 72 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 73 y̆ y̆ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 74 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 75 short short NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 76 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 77 /y/ /y/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 78 ē ē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 79 long long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 80 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 81 /eː/ /eː/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 82 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 83 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 84 e(ː e(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 85 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 86 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 87 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 88 œ œ LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 89 oe oe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 90 /oj/ /oj/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 91 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 92 /eː/ /eː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 93 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 94 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 95 ĕ ĕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 96 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 97 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 98 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 99 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 100 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 101 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 102 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 103 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 104 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 105 ɛ(ː ɛ(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 106 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 107 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 108 ę ę NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 109 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 110 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 111 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 112 ae ae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 113 /aj/ /aj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 114 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 115 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 116 ɛː ɛː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 117 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 118 ā ā NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 119 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 120 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 121 /aː/ /aː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 122 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 123 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 124 a(ː a(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 125 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 126 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 127 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 128 /a/ /a/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 129 a a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 130 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 131 ă ă LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 132 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 133 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 134 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 135 /a/ /a/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 136 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 137 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 138 ŏ ŏ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 139 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 140 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 141 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 142 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 143 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 144 ɔ ɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 145 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 146 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 147 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 148 ɔ(ː ɔ(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 149 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 150 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 151 ǫ ǫ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 152 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 153 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 154 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 155 ō ō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 156 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 157 o o RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 158 /oː/ /oː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 159 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 160 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 161 o(ː o(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 162 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 163 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 164 ọ ọ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 165 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 166 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 167 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 168 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 169 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 170 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 171 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 172 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 173 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 174 /aw/ /aw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 175 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 176 /oː/ /oː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 177 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 178 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 179 ŭ ŭ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 180 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 181 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 182 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 183 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 184 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 185 ʊ ʊ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 186 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 187 /ʊ/ /ʊ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 188 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 189 ʊ(ː ʊ(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 190 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 191 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 192 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 193 ū ū NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 194 long long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 195 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 196 /uː/ /uː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 197 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 198 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 199 u(ː u(ː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 200 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 201 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 202 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 203 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 204 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 205 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 206 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 207 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 208 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 209 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 210 /aw/ /aw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 211 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 212 /aw/ /aw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 213 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 214 Traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 215 academic academic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 216 transcription transcription NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 217 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 218 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 219 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 220 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 221 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 222 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 223 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 431 224 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 2 profound profound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 3 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 5 affected affect VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 6 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 7 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 10 reorganisation reorganisation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 13 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 14 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 432 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 1 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 4 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 5 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 8 ă ă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 10 ĕ ĕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 12 ĭ ĭ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 14 ŏ ŏ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 16 ŭ ŭ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 19 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 20 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 21 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 23 ā ā NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 25 ē ē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 27 ī ī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 29 ō ō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 31 ū ū NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 33 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 36 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 37 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 38 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 39 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 41 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 43 table table NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 46 right right NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 49 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 50 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 51 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 53 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 56 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 57 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 58 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 60 ae ae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 62 oe oe UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 64 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 65 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 66 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 67 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 68 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 69 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 70 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 71 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 72 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 74 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 75 ui ui XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 433 77 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 4 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 6 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 7 versions version NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 9 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 11 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 13 rounded round VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 14 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 15 /y(ː)/ /y(ː)/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 17 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 18 borrowings borrowing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 21 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 22 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 23 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 26 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 27 /i(ː)/ /i(ː)/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 28 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 29 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 30 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 31 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 32 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 33 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 434 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 3 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 7 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 8 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 9 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 11 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 13 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 15 differed differ VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 17 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 18 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 19 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 22 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 25 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 26 counterparts counterpart NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 435 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 2 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 4 So so CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 7 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 8 ē ē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 10 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 11 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 13 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 14 /eː/ /eː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 16 ĕ ĕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 18 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 19 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 21 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 22 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 25 ī ī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 27 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 28 close close RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 29 /iː/ /iː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 30 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 31 ĭ ĭ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 32 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 33 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 34 near near RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 36 close close NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 436 37 /ɪ/. /ɪ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 3 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 5 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 6 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 8 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 9 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 10 distinctions distinction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 12 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 437 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 1 Vowels Vowels NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 2 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 5 automatically automatically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 6 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 7 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 9 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 11 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 12 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 438 14 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 1 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 2 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 4 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 6 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 10 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 11 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 12 everywhere everywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 13 else else RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 439 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 2 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 4 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 5 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 7 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 8 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 10 cade cade NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 12 ˈkaːde ˈkaːde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 15 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 16 falls fall VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 18 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 19 cadde cadde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 20 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 21 ˈkadde ˈkadde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 24 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 25 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 440 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 2 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 4 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 5 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 7 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 8 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 9 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 10 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 12 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 14 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 15 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 16 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 17 distinctions distinction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 19 monophthongs monophthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 21 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 22 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 23 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 24 /ă /ă . en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 25 ā/ ā/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 26 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 27 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 441 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 1 Soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 5 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 8 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 9 coalesced coalesce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 12 simplest simple JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 13 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 16 Sardinian,[50 Sardinian,[50 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 18 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 20 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 21 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 23 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 24 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 26 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 27 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 28 coalesced coalesce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 442 30 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 1 /ĕ /ĕ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 2 ē/ ē/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 3 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 4 /e/ /e/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 6 /ĭ /ĭ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 7 ī/ ī/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 9 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 11 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 12 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 14 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 15 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 17 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 18 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 19 /a /a . en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 20 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 21 i i NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 22 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 443 23 u/. u/. XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 2 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 3 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 5 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 7 technically technically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 10 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 12 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 17 near near RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 19 close close NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 21 /ɪ /ɪ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 22 ʊ/ ʊ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 23 lowered lower VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 25 merged merge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 26 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 28 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 30 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 31 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 32 /e /e . en-wikipedia-org-4030 444 33 o/. o/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 3 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 5 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 6 pira pira NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 8 pear pear NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 11 vēra vēra VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 13 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 16 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 18 rhyme rhyme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 445 20 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 3 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 4 pera pera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 6 vera vera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 9 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 10 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 11 poire poire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 13 voire voire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 446 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 1 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 3 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 4 nucem nucem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 7 nux nux NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 9 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 13 vōcem vōcem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 16 vōx vōx NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 18 voice voice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 21 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 22 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 23 noce noce NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 25 voce voce NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 27 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 28 noz noz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 30 voz voz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 33 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 34 noix noix NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 36 voix voix NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 447 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 2 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 4 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 6 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 8 /a /a . en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 9 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 10 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 11 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 12 ɔ ɔ CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 13 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 14 u/ u/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 16 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 17 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 19 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 20 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 23 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 25 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 28 lightly lightly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 29 transformed transform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 31 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 33 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 34 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 36 /je/ /je/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 38 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 39 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 40 /we/ /we/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 448 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 3 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 7 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 9 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 13 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 14 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 15 /ĕ /ĕ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 16 ē ē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 17 ĭ ĭ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 18 ī/ ī/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 19 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 23 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 25 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 29 back back JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 30 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 31 /ŏ /ŏ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 32 ō ō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 33 ŭ ŭ CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 34 ū/ ū/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 35 evolved evolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 38 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 449 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 2 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 4 unbalanced unbalanced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 5 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 7 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 8 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 10 /a /a . en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 11 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 12 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 13 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 14 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 450 15 u/. u/. XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 2 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 3 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 7 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 9 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 10 transformed transform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 13 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 14 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 15 /je/ /je/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 18 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 19 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 20 /ə /ə . en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 21 ɨ/ ɨ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 22 evolving evolve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 24 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 27 balanced balanced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 28 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 30 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 31 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 33 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 34 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 35 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 37 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 39 back back JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 40 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 42 /a /a . en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 43 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 44 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 45 ə ə NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 46 ɨ ɨ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 47 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 451 48 u/. u/. XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 1 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 3 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 4 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 6 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 7 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 8 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 9 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 452 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 2 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 4 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 5 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 6 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 8 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 9 developments development NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 12 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 13 bulk bulk NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 15 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 17 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 453 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 1 Subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 5 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 7 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 8 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 11 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 12 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 14 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 15 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 18 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 20 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 21 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 23 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 25 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 454 27 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 455 1 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 455 2 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 455 3 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 455 4 /i /i NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 455 5 u/. u/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 2 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 5 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 7 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 8 /a /a . en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 9 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 10 i i NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 11 ɔ ɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 456 12 u/. u/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 2 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 4 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 5 allophonic allophonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 6 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 8 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 9 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 11 rephonemicized rephonemicize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 14 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 20 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 23 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 25 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 26 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 27 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 457 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 2 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 3 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 458 6 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 1 Friulan Friulan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 3 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 4 maintain maintain VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 6 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 7 phonemic phonemic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 8 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 11 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 13 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 16 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 17 diphthongizing diphthongize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 19 shortening shorten VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 21 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 22 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 23 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 459 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 2 phonemicized phonemicize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 4 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 5 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 6 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 8 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 9 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 10 1300 1300 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 13 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 16 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 17 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 18 /VsC/ /VsC/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 19 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 20 /VhC/ /VhC/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 21 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 22 /VːC/ /VːC/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 24 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 25 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 27 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 28 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 30 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 31 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 32 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 460 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 2 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 3 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 5 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 6 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 8 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 9 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 10 1700 1700 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 14 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 15 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 16 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 18 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 19 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 22 circumflex circumflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 461 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 2 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 3 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 4 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 5 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 7 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 8 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 9 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 10 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 13 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 14 arisen arise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 16 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 17 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 18 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 19 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 20 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 23 oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 24 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 25 /ɑ /ɑ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 26 o o NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 27 ø/ ø/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 30 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 31 derive derive VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 33 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 34 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 35 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 37 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 38 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 39 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 40 in in RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 41 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 42 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 43 closed closed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 44 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 47 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 48 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 49 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 50 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 51 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 53 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 54 closed close VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 55 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 57 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 58 fricatives fricative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 59 /v /v . en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 60 z z NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 61 ʒ ʒ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 62 ʁ ʁ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 462 63 vʁ/. vʁ/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 2 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 4 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 7 phonemicized phonemicize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 12 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 13 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 463 15 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 1 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 2 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 7 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 10 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 12 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 464 13 /ʁ/. /ʁ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 1 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 2 diphthongs[edit diphthongs[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 5 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 6 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 7 ae ae RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 9 oe oe RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 11 pronounced pronounced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 12 /ai/ /ai/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 14 /oi/ /oi/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 16 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 17 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 20 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 21 on on RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 22 monophthongized monophthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 465 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 1 ae ae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 2 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 3 /ɛː/ /ɛː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 6 1st 1st NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 7 century century NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 8 a.d a.d NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 9 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 12 latest late JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 466 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 3 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 5 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 6 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 8 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 9 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 13 neutralization neutralization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 15 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 16 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 17 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 18 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 19 caused cause VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 21 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 23 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 24 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 25 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 26 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 467 28 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 1 caelum caelum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 3 sky sky NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 5 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 6 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 7 ciel ciel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 9 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 10 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 11 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 12 cielo cielo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 14 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 15 céu céu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 16 /sɛw/ /sɛw/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 20 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 21 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 24 mele mele NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 26 honey honey NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 28 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 29 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 30 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 31 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 32 miel miel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 34 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 35 miele miele NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 37 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 38 mel mel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 468 39 /mɛl/. /mɛl/. CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 2 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 3 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 5 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 6 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 8 ae ae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 9 with with NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 10 /eː/ /eː/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 14 praeda praeda NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 16 booty booty RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 18 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 19 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 20 prēda prēda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 21 /preːda/ /preːda/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 22 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 23 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 24 proie proie NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 26 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 27 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 28 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 29 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 30 priée priée VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 33 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 34 preda preda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 36 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 37 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 38 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 39 prieda prieda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 42 prey prey NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 46 faenum faenum FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 47 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 48 hay hay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 49 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 50 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 51 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 52 fēnum fēnum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 53 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 54 feːnũ feːnũ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 55 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 56 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 57 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 58 heno heno NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 60 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 61 foin foin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 62 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 63 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 64 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 65 fieno fieno NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 66 /fjɛno/ /fjɛno/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 469 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 1 oe oe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 2 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 3 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 5 /eː/ /eː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 7 poenam poenam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 9 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 11 > > FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 12 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 13 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 14 /pena/ /pena/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 15 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 16 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 17 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 18 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 19 pena pena NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 21 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 22 peine peine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 24 foedus foedus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 26 ugly ugly JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 28 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 29 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 30 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 31 /fedo/ /fedo/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 32 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 33 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 34 feo feo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 36 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 37 feio feio NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 470 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 3 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 4 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 6 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 8 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 9 oe oe RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 11 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 13 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 14 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 16 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 17 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 18 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 20 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 21 Classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 22 ū ū NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 26 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 27 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 28 oinos oinos NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 30 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 32 > > : en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 33 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 34 ūnus[51 ūnus[51 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 35 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 38 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 39 oe oe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 40 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 41 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 42 limited limit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 44 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 45 loanwords loanword NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 48 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 49 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 50 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 52 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 53 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 54 register register NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 56 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 471 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 1 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 2 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 4 ō ō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 5 /oː/ /oː/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 8 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 9 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 11 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 12 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 15 1st 1st NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 16 century century NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 17 b.c b.c NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 472 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 2 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 4 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 5 remarked remark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 8 explicitly explicitly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 473 10 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 1 Cicero Cicero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 3 taunt taunt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 6 populist populist JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 7 politician politician NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 8 Publius Publius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 9 Clodius Clodius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 10 Pulcher Pulcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 12 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 14 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 16 Claudius Claudius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 18 ingratiate ingratiate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 19 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 22 masses masse NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 474 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 2 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 3 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 4 penetrated penetrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 5 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 7 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 13 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 14 /au/ /au/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 16 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 18 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 21 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 22 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 24 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 26 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 27 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 29 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 30 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 31 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 32 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 33 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 34 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 35 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 37 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 39 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 40 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 475 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 4 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 6 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 8 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 11 usual usual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 12 reflex reflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 16 post post NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 18 dates date VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 19 diphthongization diphthongization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 21 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 24 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 26 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 27 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 28 /ka/ /ka/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 29 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 30 /tʃa/ /tʃa/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 32 hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 33 causa causa VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 34 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 35 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 36 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 38 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 39 cosa cosa NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 40 /kɔza/ /kɔza/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 41 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 42 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 43 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 44 cuosa cuosa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 476 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 3 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 5 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 6 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 7 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 8 maintains maintain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 9 ⟨ou⟩ ⟨ou⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 13 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 15 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 18 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 19 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 21 /ou/ /ou/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 23 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 24 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 27 /oi/ /oi/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 29 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 477 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 1 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 3 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 5 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 6 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 10 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 12 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 13 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 15 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 16 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 478 17 /au/. /au/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 2 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 3 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 4 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 8 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 10 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 11 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 13 ō ō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 14 /oː/ /oː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 16 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 17 reflecting reflect VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 19 generalization generalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 22 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 23 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 24 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 479 26 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 2 queue queue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 4 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 5 coda coda NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 6 /koda/ /koda/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 8 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 9 co(d)a co(d)a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 11 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 12 coadă coadă NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 14 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 15 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 17 tail tail NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 20 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 21 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 22 derive derive VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 24 cōda cōda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 25 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 26 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 27 Classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 28 cauda cauda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 30 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 31 notice notice VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 32 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 33 cauda cauda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 480 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 4 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 6 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 7 oreja oreja NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 9 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 10 orelha orelha NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 12 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 13 oreille oreille NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 15 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 16 ureche ureche NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 19 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 20 olícra olícra NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 22 orícla orícla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 24 ear ear NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 26 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 27 derive derive VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 29 ōric(u)la ōric(u)la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 30 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 31 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 32 Classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 33 auris auris NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 35 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 36 aurelha aurelha NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 38 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 39 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 42 unrelated unrelated NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 43 ausir ausir NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 44 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 45 audīre audīre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 48 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 49 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 54 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 55 oricla oricla NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 56 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 57 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 58 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 59 reflected reflect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 62 Appendix Appendix NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 63 Probi Probi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 481 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 1 Further further RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 2 developments[edit developments[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 4 Metaphony[edit metaphony[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 6 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 9 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 11 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 14 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 15 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 16 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 18 operated operate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 20 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 22 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 24 varying vary VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 25 degrees degree NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 27 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 29 vowel vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 30 mutation mutation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 33 conceptually conceptually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 34 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 37 umlaut umlaut NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 38 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 39 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 40 characteristic characteristic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 43 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 44 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 482 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 1 Depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 2 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 4 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 6 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 7 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 8 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 10 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 13 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 14 diphthongized diphthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 16 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 19 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 20 /i/ /i/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 22 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 26 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 27 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 483 28 /j/. /j/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 1 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 3 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 4 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 7 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 13 applies apply VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 15 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 16 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 19 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 21 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 25 absent absent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 27 Tuscan Tuscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 30 hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 32 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 33 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 484 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 2 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 4 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 6 metaphony metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 9 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 10 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 12 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 13 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 16 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 17 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 19 Latin Latin NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 20 -um -um '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 23 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 24 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 27 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 28 -ō -ō : en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 30 -ud -ud NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 32 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 33 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 35 -um -um . en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 37 esp esp RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 485 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 1 masculine masculine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 3 mass mass JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 5 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 9 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 11 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 12 triggers trigger NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 13 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 486 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 2 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 5 Servigliano Servigliano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 8 Marche Marche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 10 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 12 stressed stress VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 13 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 14 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 15 ɔ ɔ CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 16 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 18 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 20 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 21 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 22 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 23 u/ u/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 24 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 25 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 26 /i/ /i/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 28 /u/:[53 /u/:[53 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 30 /ˈmetto/ /ˈmetto/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 32 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 33 put put VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 35 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 36 /ˈmitti/ /ˈmitti/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 38 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 39 put put VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 42 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 43 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 44 metti metti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 45 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 46 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 47 mettes mette NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 48 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 49 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 50 mittis mittis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 52 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 53 /moˈdɛsta/ /moˈdɛsta/ LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 54 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 55 modest modest JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 56 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 57 fem fem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 487 58 . . . 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en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 7 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 8 /ˈkwistu/ /ˈkwistu/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 10 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 12 masc masc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 490 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 2 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 3 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 4 eccum eccum JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 5 istum istum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 491 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 1 Calvallo Calvallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 3 Basilicata Basilicata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 5 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 6 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 9 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 13 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 15 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 16 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 17 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 18 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 20 diphthongized diphthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 22 /je /je VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 23 wo/ wo/ VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 24 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 25 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 26 raised:[54 raised:[54 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 28 /ˈmette/ /ˈmette/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 30 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 31 puts put VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 33 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 34 /ˈmitti/ /ˈmitti/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 36 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 37 put put VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 40 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 41 /ˈpɛnʒo/ /ˈpɛnʒo/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 42 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 43 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 44 think think VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 45 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 46 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 47 /ˈpjenʒi/ /ˈpjenʒi/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 49 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 50 think think VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 51 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 492 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 1 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 3 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 5 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 6 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 7 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 8 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 11 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 14 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 15 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 17 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 18 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 19 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 21 apparently apparently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 23 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 24 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 25 u u PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 27 lowered lower VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 29 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 30 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 32 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 33 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 35 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 36 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 37 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 38 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 39 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 493 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 4 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 6 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 9 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 10 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 11 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 14 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 15 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 16 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 17 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 19 /u/[55 /u/[55 . en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 24 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 26 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 27 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 28 languages,[56 languages,[56 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 30 with with RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 31 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 32 triggering trigger VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 33 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 494 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 2 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 5 plural plural NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 7 masculine masculine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 8 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 10 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 11 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 12 ends end VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 14 -os -os : en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 17 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 18 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 19 trigger trigger VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 20 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 22 unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 25 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 27 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 28 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 29 plural plural NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 30 -i -i : en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 32 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 33 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 34 trigger trigger VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 35 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 495 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 1 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 3 allophonic allophonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 4 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 6 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 7 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 8 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 9 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 12 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 13 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 15 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 16 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 17 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 496 19 /u/. /u/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 3 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 4 phonemicized phonemicize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 7 Campidanese Campidanese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 8 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 11 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 14 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 16 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 17 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 18 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 20 /i /i NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 497 21 u/. u/. JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 1 Raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 3 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 5 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 6 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 7 sporadically sporadically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 9 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 12 masculine masculine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 13 singular singular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 498 15 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 1 porco porco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 2 /ˈporku/ /ˈporku/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 4 pig pig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 6 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 7 porcos porcos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 8 /ˈpɔrkus/ /ˈpɔrkus/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 10 pig pig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 499 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 3 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 5 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 10 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 12 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 13 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 14 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 15 plural plural NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 16 /os/ /os/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 18 exactly exactly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 21 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 22 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 24 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 500 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 2 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 5 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 8 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 12 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 13 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 15 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 16 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 19 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 21 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 22 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 25 preterite preterite NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 27 raised raise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 28 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 29 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 30 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 31 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 32 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 34 /i /i . en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 35 u/ u/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 501 37 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 1 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 2 fiz fiz NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 4 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 5 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 8 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 9 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 10 fidzi fidzi NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 11 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 12 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 13 fedzi fedzi VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 14 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 15 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 16 fēcī fēcī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 18 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 19 fez fez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 21 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 22 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 25 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 26 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 27 fedze fedze NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 28 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 29 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 30 fēcit fēcit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 502 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 1 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 2 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 3 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 5 fize fize NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 8 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 10 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 11 fezo fezo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 13 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 14 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 17 -o -o : en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 19 analogy analogy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 21 amó amó NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 23 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 24 loved love VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 28 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 29 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 30 generalized generalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 31 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 32 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 34 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 35 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 36 hice hice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 38 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 39 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 41 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 42 hizo hizo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 44 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 45 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 503 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 3 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 4 happened happen VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 5 prehistorically prehistorically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 7 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 8 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 10 yielding yield VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 11 fis fis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 13 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 14 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 17 fist fist NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 19 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 20 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 23 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 24 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 25 feist feist JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 26 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 27 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 28 fēcit fēcit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 504 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 1 Diphthongization[edit diphthongization[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 4 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 7 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 8 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 14 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 16 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 18 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 19 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 20 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 21 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 23 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 24 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 25 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 26 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 27 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 29 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 30 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 31 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 32 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 33 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 34 /je /je NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 35 we/ we/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 36 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 38 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 39 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 40 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 41 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 43 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 44 raised raise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 46 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 48 close close VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 50 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 51 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 52 diphthongization diphthongization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 53 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 54 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 505 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 1 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 2 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 3 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 4 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 6 /je/ /je/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 9 corresponding corresponding JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 11 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 14 develop develop VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 16 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 18 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 506 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 1 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 2 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 3 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 4 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 5 /jɛ/ /jɛ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 7 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 9 /wɔ/ /wɔ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 11 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 12 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 16 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 17 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 18 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 20 lengthened lengthen VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 22 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 24 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 28 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 29 salient salient NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 30 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 31 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 32 /ˈbɛne/ /ˈbɛne/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 33 bene bene NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 34 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 35 well well UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 36 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 38 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 39 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 40 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 42 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 43 frequency frequency NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 45 apocopated apocopate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 46 ben ben NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 507 48 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 1 ben ben NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 2 difficile difficile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 3 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 4 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 5 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 8 ben ben NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 9 fatto fatto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 10 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 11 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 12 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 13 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 14 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 508 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 2 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 3 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 4 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 5 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 7 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 8 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 10 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 11 lengthened lengthen VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 14 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 16 /a /a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 17 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 18 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 20 /aː /aː . en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 21 ɛː ɛː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 22 eː eː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 23 ɔː ɔː NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 24 oː/ oː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 25 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 26 /aɛ /aɛ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 27 iɛ iɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 28 ei ei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 29 uɔ uɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 30 ou/ ou/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 31 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 32 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 33 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 34 /e /e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 35 je je UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 36 ɔi ɔi UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 37 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 38 eu/ eu/ VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 39 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 40 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 41 /e /e . en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 42 je je UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 43 wa wa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 44 œ œ LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 45 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 46 ø ø NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 47 œ œ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 48 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 509 49 ø/. ø/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 3 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 4 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 5 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 6 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 7 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 8 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 10 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 510 11 /j/. /j/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 2 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 5 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 7 /ɛj/ /ɛj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 9 /iej/ /iej/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 10 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 11 /i/ /i/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 13 /ɔj/ /ɔj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 14 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 15 /uoj/ /uoj/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 16 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 17 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 18 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 19 /uj/ /uj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 20 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 21 modern modern NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 511 22 /ɥi/. /ɥi/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 2 diphthongized diphthongize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 3 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 4 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 5 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 6 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 8 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 9 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 11 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 13 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 16 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 17 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 19 /ɛj/ /ɛj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 20 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 21 /i/ /i/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 23 /ɔj/ /ɔj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 24 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 512 25 /uj/. /uj/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 2 diphthongizations diphthongization NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 5 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 7 reducing reduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 9 eliminating eliminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 11 distinctions distinction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 13 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 15 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 17 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 19 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 22 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 513 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 2 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 4 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 7 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 9 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 12 diphthongized diphthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 16 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 17 disappeared disappear VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 18 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 514 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 1 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 4 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 5 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 8 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 10 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 12 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 14 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 15 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 16 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 18 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 19 unchanged unchanged JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 23 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 25 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 26 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 515 28 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 516 1 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 516 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 516 3 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 516 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 516 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 2 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 3 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 4 palatalized palatalized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 5 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 7 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 8 keeps keep VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 9 /ɔ /ɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 10 o/ o/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 11 intact intact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 14 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 15 e/ e/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 16 split split VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 19 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 20 fashion fashion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 21 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 22 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 23 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 24 ə/ ə/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 26 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 27 coalesced coalesce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 28 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 31 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 32 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 34 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 35 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 38 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 40 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 41 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 42 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 43 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 44 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 45 e/ e/ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 46 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 47 reversed reverse VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 48 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 49 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 51 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 52 /e /e . en-wikipedia-org-4030 517 53 ɛ/. ɛ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 4 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 7 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 8 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 9 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 11 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 13 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 15 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 16 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 17 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 18 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 20 closed close VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 21 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 518 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 1 Standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 2 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 5 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 6 maintains maintain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 519 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 4 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 6 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 7 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 10 twelfth twelfth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 11 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 13 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 17 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 19 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 21 /o/ /o/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 23 eliminated eliminate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 24 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 25 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 28 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 29 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 30 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 31 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 32 /y/ /y/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 34 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 520 36 /u/. /u/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 1 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 3 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 6 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 7 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 8 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 10 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 12 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 15 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 16 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 18 ɔ ɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 20 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 21 allophonically allophonically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 25 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 27 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 28 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 30 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 31 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 34 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 36 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 37 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 39 closed closed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 40 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 521 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 3 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 5 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 7 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 8 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 11 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 522 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 6 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 8 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 10 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 12 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 14 ɛ ɛ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 18 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 19 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 20 ɔ ɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 23 partly partly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 24 rephonemicized rephonemicize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 26 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 27 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 29 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 30 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 32 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 33 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 36 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 38 /aj/ /aj/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 39 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 40 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 43 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 44 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 46 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 47 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 49 closed closed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 50 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 51 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 52 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 53 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 55 /al/ /al/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 56 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 57 /au/ /au/ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 58 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 523 59 /o/. /o/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 1 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 5 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 6 falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 7 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 8 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 10 diphthongization diphthongization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 11 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 12 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 13 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 17 fronted front VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 18 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 19 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 20 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 21 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 22 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 24 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 28 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 524 30 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 1 pācem pācem RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 2 /patsʲe/ /patsʲe/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 4 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 6 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 7 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 8 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 9 /padzʲe/ /padzʲe/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 11 lenition lenition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 14 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 15 paiz paiz NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 16 /pajts/ /pajts/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 18 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 19 punctum punctum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 21 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 23 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 24 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 27 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 28 /ponʲto/ /ponʲto/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 29 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 30 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 31 /pojɲto/ /pojɲto/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 33 fronting fronting NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 36 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 37 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 525 38 /põjnt/. /põjnt/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 3 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 4 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 5 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 7 preconsonantal preconsonantal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 8 /l/ /l/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 10 ɫ ɫ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 12 vocalized vocalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 14 /w/ /w/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 16 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 17 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 18 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 19 falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 20 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 526 22 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 1 dulcem dulcem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 3 sweet sweet JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 5 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 6 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 7 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 8 /doltsʲe/ /doltsʲe/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 9 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 10 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 11 dolz dolz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 12 /duɫts/ /duɫts/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 14 douz douz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 15 /duts/ /duts/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 17 fallet fallet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 19 fails fail VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 22 deficient deficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 24 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 25 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 26 falt falt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 27 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 28 faut faut FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 30 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 31 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 33 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 34 bellus bellus VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 36 beautiful beautiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 38 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 39 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 40 bels bel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 41 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 42 bɛɫs bɛɫs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 43 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 44 > > FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 45 beaus beaus FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 46 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 47 bɛaws bɛaws NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 48 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 527 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 3 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 6 Middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 7 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 8 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 10 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 11 falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 12 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 13 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 14 monophthongized monophthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 16 switched switch VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 18 rising rise VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 19 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 21 proto proto JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 23 OF OF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 24 /aj /aj . en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 25 ɛj ɛj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 26 jɛj jɛj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 27 ej ej NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 28 jej jej NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 29 wɔj wɔj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 30 oj oj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 31 uj uj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 32 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 33 ɛl ɛl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 34 el el NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 35 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 36 ɔl ɔl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 37 ol old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 38 ul/ ul/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 39 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 40 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 41 OF OF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 42 /aj /aj . en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 43 ɛj ɛj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 44 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 45 ej ej VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 46 yj yj UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 47 oj oj UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 48 yj yj UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 49 aw aw UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 50 ɛaw ɛaw UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 51 ew ew UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 52 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 53 ɔw ɔw VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 54 ow ow NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 55 y/ y/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 56 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 57 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 58 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 59 ⟨ai ⟨ai FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 60 ei ei UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 61 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 62 oi oi UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 63 ui ui NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 64 oi oi UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 65 ui ui NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 66 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 67 eau eau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 68 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 69 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 70 ou ou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 71 ou ou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 72 u⟩ u⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 73 > > FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 74 mod mod FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 528 75 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 2 /ɛ /ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 3 ɛ ɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 4 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 5 wa wa VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 6 ɥi ɥi UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 7 wa wa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 8 ɥi ɥi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 9 o o NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 10 o o NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 11 ø ø NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 12 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 13 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 14 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 529 15 y/. y/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 1 Nasalization[edit nasalization[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 3 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 4 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 5 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 7 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 9 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 11 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 12 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 14 sequences sequence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 17 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 18 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 21 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 22 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 24 /m/ /m/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 26 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 530 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 1 Originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 3 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 4 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 6 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 9 nasalized nasalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 10 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 11 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 12 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 13 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 16 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 17 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 18 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 19 immediately immediately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 20 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 23 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 25 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 26 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 531 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 4 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 6 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 7 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 8 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 9 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 11 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 12 denasalized denasalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 16 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 17 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 19 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 21 lower lower VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 22 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 532 24 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 1 dōnat dōnat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 3 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 4 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 6 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 7 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 8 dune dune NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 9 /dunə/ /dunə/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 10 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 11 donne donne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 12 /dɔn/ /dɔn/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 14 fēminam fēminam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 15 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 16 femme femme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 533 17 /fam/. /fam/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 2 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 3 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 4 diphthongized diphthongize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 8 dramatically dramatically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 9 lowered lower VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 11 fīnem fīnem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 13 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 15 > > FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 16 fin fin FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 17 /fɛ̃/ /fɛ̃/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 19 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 20 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 22 fæ̃ fæ̃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 26 linguam linguam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 28 tongue tongue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 30 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 31 langue langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 32 /lɑ̃ɡ/ /lɑ̃ɡ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 33 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 34 ūnum ūnum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 36 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 38 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 39 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 40 /œ̃/ /œ̃/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 534 42 /ɛ̃/. /ɛ̃/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 2 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 4 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 8 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 12 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 13 hiatus hiatus NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 14 eliminated eliminate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 15 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 16 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 17 contraction contraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 19 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 20 sorts sort NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 22 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 23 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 24 diphthongs diphthong NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 26 manum manum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 28 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 29 manōs manōs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 30 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 31 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 32 * * SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 33 manu manu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 35 ˈmanos ˈmanos NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 37 hand(s hand(s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 40 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 41 mão mão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 43 mãos mãos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 44 /mɐ̃w̃ /mɐ̃w̃ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 46 mɐ̃w̃s/ mɐ̃w̃s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 47 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 48 canem canem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 50 canēs canēs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 51 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 52 dog(s dog(s . en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 55 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 56 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 57 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 58 kane kane NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 60 ˈkanes ˈkane NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 61 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 62 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 63 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 65 ˈcanes ˈcanes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 66 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 67 cão cão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 69 cães cães NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 70 /kɐ̃w̃ /kɐ̃w̃ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 72 kɐ̃j̃s/ kɐ̃j̃s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 73 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 74 ratiōnem ratiōnem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 76 ratiōnēs ratiōnēs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 77 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 78 reason(s reason(s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 79 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 80 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 81 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 82 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 83 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 84 raˈdʲzʲone raˈdʲzʲone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 86 raˈdʲzʲones raˈdʲzʲone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 87 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 88 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 89 raˈdzon raˈdzon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 91 raˈdzones raˈdzones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 92 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 93 razão razão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 94 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 95 razões razões NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 96 /χaˈzɐ̃w̃ /χaˈzɐ̃w̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 97 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 98 χaˈzõj̃s/ χaˈzõj̃s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 99 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 100 Brazil Brazil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 101 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 102 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 103 /ʁaˈzɐ̃ũ /ʁaˈzɐ̃ũ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 104 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 105 ʁɐˈzõj̃ʃ/ ʁɐˈzõj̃ʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 106 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 107 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 108 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 535 109 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 1 Sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 3 nasalization nasalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 5 eliminated eliminate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 7 lūna lūna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 9 moon moon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 11 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 12 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 14 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 15 lũa lũa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 16 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 17 lua lua NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 19 vēna vēna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 21 vein vein NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 23 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 24 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 26 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 27 vẽa vẽa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 28 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 29 veia veia NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 536 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 1 Nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 2 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 3 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 4 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 5 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 6 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 9 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 11 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 13 lowered lower VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 17 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 20 fīnem fīnem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 22 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 24 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 25 fim fim FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 26 /fĩ/ /fĩ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 27 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 28 centum centum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 30 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 32 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 33 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 34 tʲsʲɛnto tʲsʲɛnto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 36 cento cento NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 37 /ˈsẽtu/ /ˈsẽtu/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 39 pontem pontem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 40 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 41 bridge bridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 43 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 44 PWR PWR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 45 pɔnte pɔnte VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 46 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 47 ponte ponte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 48 /ˈpõtʃi/ /ˈpõtʃi/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 50 Brazil Brazil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 53 /ˈpõtɨ/ /ˈpõtɨ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 55 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 537 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 1 Front front RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 3 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 4 vowels[edit vowels[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 6 Characteristic characteristic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 9 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 14 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 20 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 21 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 22 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 23 /y /y . en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 24 ø ø NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 538 25 œ/. œ/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 1 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 5 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 7 unconditional unconditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 8 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 9 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 10 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 11 /y/ /y/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 539 13 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 1 lūnam lūnam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 2 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 3 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 4 lune lune NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 5 /lyn/ /lyn/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 7 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 540 8 /ˈlyno/. /ˈlyno/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 6 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 8 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 9 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 11 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 12 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 13 /y/ /y/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 14 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 541 15 /i/. /i/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 1 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 2 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 3 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 6 variation variation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 9 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 10 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 11 /ɔː /ɔː . en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 12 oː/ oː/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 14 lengthened lengthen VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 16 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 17 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 19 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 20 /we /we NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 21 ew/ ew/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 22 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 23 /œ /œ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 24 œ/ œ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 27 mid mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 28 back back NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 29 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 30 diphthongizing diphthongize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 32 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 33 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 35 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 36 re re VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 37 - - VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 38 monophthongizing monophthongize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 39 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 40 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 41 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 42 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 43 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 44 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 542 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 4 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 5 /ø/ /ø/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 7 /œ/ /œ/ JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 10 /ø/ /ø/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 11 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 13 /œ/ /œ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 15 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 16 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 543 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 1 Unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 2 vowels[edit vowels[edit NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 4 Evolution Evolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 6 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 7 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 9 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 10 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 12 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 13 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 14 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 15 Proto- Proto- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 17 Stressed stress VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 18 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 19 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 20 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 21 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 22 Final Final NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 24 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 25 Original Original NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 26 Later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 27 Italo- Italo- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 29 Later Later NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 30 Western- Western- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 31 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 32 Gallo- Gallo- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 33 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 34 Primitive Primitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 35 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 36 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 37 Acad.1 acad.1 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 38 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 39 a a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 41 ā ā NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 42 /a/ /a/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 43 a a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 44 /a/ /a/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 45 /a/ /a/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 46 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 47 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 49 ae ae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 50 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 51 ę ę NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 52 /ɛ/ /ɛ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 53 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 54 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 55 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 56 ∅ ∅ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 57 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 58 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 59 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 60 prop prop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 62 ∅ ∅ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 63 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 64 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 66 prop prop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 68 ē ē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 70 oe oe UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 71 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 72 ẹ ẹ UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 73 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 74 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 76 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 77 /ɪ/ /ɪ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 78 ī ī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 80 ȳ ȳ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 81 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 82 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 83 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 84 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 85 o o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 86 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 87 ǫ ǫ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 88 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 89 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 90 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 91 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 92 ō,(au ō,(au LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 93 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 94 /o/ /o/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 95 ọ ọ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 96 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 97 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 98 /ʊ/ /ʊ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 99 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 100 ū ū NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 101 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 102 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 103 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 104 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 105 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 106 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 107 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 108 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 109 /aw/ /aw/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 110 au au NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 111 /aw/ /aw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 112 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 113 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 114 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 115 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 116 Traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 117 academic academic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 118 transcription transcription NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 119 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 120 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 121 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 544 122 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 3 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 4 variability variability NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 7 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 10 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 11 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 545 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 1 Originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 3 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 5 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 8 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 9 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 11 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 13 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 15 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 16 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 20 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 23 coalesced coalesce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 24 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 26 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 27 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 28 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 31 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 32 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 546 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 2 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 4 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 5 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 9 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 11 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 12 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 14 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 15 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 17 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 18 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 21 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 23 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 24 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 26 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 27 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 28 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 547 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 2 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 3 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 5 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 6 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 9 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 11 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 12 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 14 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 15 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 16 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 19 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 21 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 23 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 24 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 25 /ɛ /ɛ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 26 ɔ/ ɔ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 27 merged merge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 28 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 30 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 32 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 33 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 34 /e /e . en-wikipedia-org-4030 548 35 o/. o/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 2 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 4 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 5 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 7 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 9 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 12 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 15 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 17 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 549 19 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 3 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 5 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 7 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 550 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 2 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 3 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 4 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 6 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 8 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 9 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 551 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 5 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 6 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 9 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 11 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 12 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 13 -u -u NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 16 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 18 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 19 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 20 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 22 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 23 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 24 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 25 lowered lower VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 27 /o/ /o/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 30 happened happen VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 32 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 33 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 34 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 552 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 5 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 8 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 10 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 11 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 12 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 14 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 15 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 16 -ū -ū : en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 17 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 18 -um -um NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 20 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 21 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 22 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 23 -m -m NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 24 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 25 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 26 lengthening lengthen VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 27 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 28 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 30 nasalization nasalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 553 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 1 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 4 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 6 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 11 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 12 Sursilvan Sursilvan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 15 preserves preserve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 16 reflexes reflex NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 18 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 19 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 20 -us -us : en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 22 -um -um : en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 25 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 27 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 30 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 32 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 34 triggers trigger VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 35 metaphony metaphony NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 554 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 2 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 4 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 5 -us -us HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 6 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 7 /ʊs/ /ʊs/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 8 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 9 /os/ /os/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 12 -um -um NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 14 /ũː/ /ũː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 15 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 555 16 /u/. /u/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 2 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 4 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 6 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 9 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 10 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 12 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 13 least- least- CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 15 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 17 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 19 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 20 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 21 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 23 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 25 Western1 Western1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 26 Conservative Conservative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 27 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 28 Italian1 Italian1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 29 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 30 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 31 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 32 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 33 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 34 a a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 36 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 38 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 40 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 42 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 43 a a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 45 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 47 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 49 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 51 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 52 a a NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 54 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 56 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 58 o o FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 59 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 61 e/- e/- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 63 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 64 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 66 -/e -/e NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 67 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 69 -/e -/e : en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 70 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 71 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 72 fem fem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 73 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 556 74 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 1 ūnam ūnam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 2 ˈuna ˈuna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 3 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 4 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 5 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 6 una una NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 7 une une NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 8 door door NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 9 portam portam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 10 ˈpɔrta ˈpɔrta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 11 pɔrta pɔrta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 12 porta porta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 13 puerta puerta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 14 porta porta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 15 porte porte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 16 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 17 septem septem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 18 ˈsɛtte ˈsɛtte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 19 sɛtte sɛtte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 20 sette sette NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 21 siete siete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 22 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 23 set set NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 24 sea sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 25 mare mare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 26 ˈmare ˈmare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 27 mare mare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 28 mare mare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 29 mar mar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 30 mar mar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 31 mer mer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 32 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 33 pācem pācem RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 34 ˈpatʃe ˈpatʃe JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 35 pace pace NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 36 pace pace NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 37 paz paz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 38 pau pau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 39 paiz paiz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 40 part part NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 41 partem partem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 42 ˈparte ˈparte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 43 parte parte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 44 parte parte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 45 parte parte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 46 part part NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 47 part part NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 48 mother mother NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 49 mātrem mātrem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 50 ˈmatre ˈmatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 51 matre matre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 52 madre madre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 53 madre madre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 54 mare mare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 55 meḍre meḍre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 56 twenty twenty CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 57 vīgintī vīgintī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 58 veˈenti veˈenti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 59 vinti vinti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 60 venti venti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 61 veinte veinte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 62 vint vint NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 63 vint vint NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 64 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 65 quattuor quattuor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 66 ˈkwattro ˈkwattro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 67 quattro quattro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 68 quattro quattro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 69 cuatro cuatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 70 quatre quatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 71 quatre quatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 72 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 73 octō octō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 74 ˈɔkto ˈɔkto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 75 ɔtto ɔtto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 76 otto otto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 77 ocho ocho NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 78 vuit vuit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 79 huit huit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 80 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 81 quandō quandō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 82 ˈkwando ˈkwando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 83 quando quando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 84 quando quando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 85 cuando cuando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 86 quan quan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 87 quant quant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 88 fourth fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 89 quartum quartum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 90 ˈkwartu ˈkwartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 91 quartu quartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 92 quarto quarto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 93 cuarto cuarto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 94 quart quart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 95 quart quart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 96 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 97 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 98 masc masc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 99 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 557 100 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 1 ūnum ūnum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 2 ˈunu ˈunu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 3 unu unu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 4 uno uno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 5 uno uno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 6 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 7 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 8 port port NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 9 portum portum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 10 ˈpɔrtu ˈpɔrtu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 11 portu portu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 12 porto porto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 13 puerto puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 14 port port NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 15 port port NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 16 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 17 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 18 columns column NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 19 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 20 IPA ipa JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 21 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 22 /ɔ /ɔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 24 ɛ/ ɛ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 26 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 27 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 29 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 30 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 558 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 2 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 3 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 5 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 9 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 10 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 12 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 13 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 17 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 20 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 21 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 22 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 23 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 24 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 26 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 28 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 29 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 30 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 32 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 33 coalescence coalescence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 35 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 36 Tuscan Tuscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 38 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 39 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 40 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 43 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 44 /u/ /u/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 45 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 46 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 559 47 /o/. /o/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 3 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 7 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 8 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 9 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 10 merged merge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 12 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 14 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 15 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 16 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 17 triggered trigger VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 18 metaphony metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 19 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 20 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 560 22 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 1 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 2 hice hice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 4 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 5 fiz fiz NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 8 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 10 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 11 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 12 fize fize VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 13 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 14 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 15 fēcī fēcī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 561 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 1 Conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 3 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 4 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 5 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 6 maintain maintain VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 7 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 8 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 11 drop drop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 12 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 13 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 14 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 15 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 16 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 17 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 562 19 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 1 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 3 /l/ /l/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 5 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 7 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 9 /z/ /z/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 11 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 12 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 13 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 563 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 3 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 5 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 8 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 10 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 14 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 15 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 17 /e/ /e/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 19 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 20 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 21 unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 23 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 24 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 25 impossible impossible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 26 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 27 cluster cluster NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 564 29 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 1 /tr/ /tr/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 6 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 9 prop prop NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 12 /e/ /e/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 14 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 565 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 2 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 3 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 4 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 5 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 8 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 10 prop prop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 11 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 566 12 /e/. /e/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 567 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 567 2 preserves preserve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 567 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 567 4 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 567 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 1 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 4 stressless stressless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 7 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 8 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 10 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 11 intermediate intermediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 13 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 14 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 17 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 19 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 20 branch branch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 24 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 26 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 27 deletion deletion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 28 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 29 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 30 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 33 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 568 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 3 table table NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 4 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 6 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 7 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 9 uniformly uniformly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 10 absent absent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 12 mar mar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 14 absent absent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 17 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 19 part(e part(e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 21 /part(e)/ /part(e)/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 23 set(e set(e LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 25 /sɛt(e)/ /sɛt(e)/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 28 retained retain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 30 mare mare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 32 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 33 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 34 mātrem mātrem NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 38 relic relic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 41 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 42 cluster cluster NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 43 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 44 dr dr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 569 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 2 primitive primitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 3 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 4 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 9 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 16 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 17 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 18 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 19 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 20 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 570 21 /ə/. /ə/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 1 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 3 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 4 happened happen VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 6 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 571 9 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 1 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 2 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 3 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 5 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 6 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 7 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 9 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 12 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 13 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 14 /ə/ /ə/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 16 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 17 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 572 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 2 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 4 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 5 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 7 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 10 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 11 silent silent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 12 -e -e : en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 14 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 15 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 16 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 19 signal signal VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 22 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 23 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 25 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 573 27 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 1 port port NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 3 port port NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 5 /pɔʁ/ /pɔʁ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 6 vs. vs. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 7 porte porte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 9 door door NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 574 11 /pɔʁt/. /pɔʁt/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 2 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 4 eliminated eliminate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 6 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 8 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 10 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 12 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 13 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 15 ports port NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 17 ports port NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 20 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 21 /pɔʁ/ /pɔʁ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 24 portes port VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 26 doors door NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 29 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 30 /pɔʁt/ /pɔʁt/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 575 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 1 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 2 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 3 reappear reappear VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 5 liaison liaison NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 6 contexts contexts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 9 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 10 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 13 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 14 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 16 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 17 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 576 20 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 1 nous nous NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 3 nu nu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 6 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 8 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 9 nous nous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 10 avons avon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 12 nu.za.ˈvɔ̃ nu.za.ˈvɔ̃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 15 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 16 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 19 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 20 fait fait NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 22 il.fɛ il.fɛ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 25 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 26 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 28 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 29 fait fait NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 31 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 32   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 577 33 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 2 fɛ.til fɛ.til NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 5 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 6 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 7 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 578 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 2 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 5 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 6 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 8 /u/ /u/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 10 apparently apparently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 11 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 12 intact intact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 15 while while NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 17 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 18 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 19 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 20 /u/ /u/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 24 /o/ /o/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 26 /os/ /os/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 28 triggered trigger VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 29 metaphony metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 31 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 32 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 579 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 1 Final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 3 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 4 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 5 /o/ /o/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 7 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 9 preliterary preliterary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 10 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 12 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 15 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 16 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 17 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 580 18 ⟨o⟩. ⟨o⟩. ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 3 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 5 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 7 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 8 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 10 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 13 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 15 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 16 unstressed unstresse VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 17 /e/ /e/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 19 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 21 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 24 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 25 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 26 ⟨e⟩ ⟨e⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 29 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 30 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 32 Brazilian brazilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 33 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 35 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 36 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 37 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 39 /ɨ/ /ɨ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 41 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 43 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 44 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 45 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 581 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 2 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 5 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 6 /as/ /as/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 7 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 582 8 /es/. /es/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 2 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 3 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 5 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 6 /o/ /o/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 8 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 9 merge merge VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 11 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 14 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 17 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 18 /a/ /a/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 20 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 21 merge merge VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 22 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 583 23 /ə/. /ə/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 4 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 5 preserve preserve VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 7 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 8 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 13 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 14 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 15 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 16 Valencian Valencian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 584 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 1 Intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 2 vowels[edit vowels[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 5 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 7 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 8 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 9 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 11 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 13 internal internal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 14 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 15 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 585 17 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 1 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 4 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 6 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 9 tonic tonic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 586 11 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 1 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 3 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 5 hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 6 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 587 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 1 Intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 2 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 5 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 6 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 8 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 10 modification modification NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 588 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 1 Already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 3 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 4 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 5 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 9 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 10 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 13 following following NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 14 /r/ /r/ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 16 /l/ /l/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 17 tended tend VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 19 drop drop VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 21 vétulum vétulum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 23 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 25 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 26 veclum veclum FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 27 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 28 Dalmatian dalmatian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 29 vieklo vieklo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 31 Sicilian sicilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 32 vecchiu vecchiu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 34 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 35 velho velho NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 589 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 2 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 4 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 5 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 6 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 7 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 8 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 9 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 590 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 1 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 3 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 5 south south RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 7 east east NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 10 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 11 Spezia Spezia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 12 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 13 Rimini Rimini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 14 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 16 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 18 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 20 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 21 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 23 maintained maintain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 24 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 25 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 27 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 28 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 31 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 33 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 35 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 36 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 38 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 39 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 40 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 591 41 /a/. /a/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 1 Standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 2 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 3 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 4 maintained maintain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 5 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 8 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 9 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 10 raised raise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 11 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 12 /e/ /e/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 13 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 592 14 /i/. /i/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 1 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 3 septimā́nam septimā́nam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 5 week week NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 7 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 8 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 9 settimana settimana NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 11 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 12 săptămână săptămână NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 13 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 14 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 15 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 16 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 17 semana semana NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 19 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 20 semaine semaine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 22 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 23 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 24 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 25 setmana setmana NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 27 Piedmontese piedmontese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 28 sman sman NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 29 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 31 quattuórdecim quattuórdecim NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 33 fourteen fourteen CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 36 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 37 quattordici quattordici NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 39 Venetian venetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 40 cuatòrdexe cuatòrdexe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 42 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 43 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 44 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 45 quatòrdes quatòrde NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 47 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 48 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 49 catorce catorce NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 51 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 52 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 53 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 54 quatorze quatorze NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 55 metipsissimus[59 metipsissimus[59 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 56 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 57 > > NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 58 medipsimus medipsimus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 59 /medíssimos/ /medíssimos/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 60 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 61 /medéssimos/ /medéssimos/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 62 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 63 self"[60 self"[60 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 64 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 65 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 66 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 67 medésimo medésimo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 68 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 69 Venetian venetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 70 medemo medemo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 72 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 73 medemm medemm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 75 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 76 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 77 meísmo meísmo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 79 meesmo meesmo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 80 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 81 > > FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 82 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 83 mismo mismo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 84 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 86 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 87 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 88 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 89 meesmo meesmo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 90 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 91 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 92 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 93 mesmo mesmo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 94 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 95 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 96 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 97 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 98 meḍisme meḍisme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 99 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 100 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 101 later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 102 meïsme meïsme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 103 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 104 MF MF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 105 mesme mesme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 106 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 107 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 108 même)[61 même)[61 . en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 109 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 110 bonitā́tem bonitā́tem FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 111 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 112 goodness goodness NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 113 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 114 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 115 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 116 bonità bonità NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 117 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 118 bontà bontà NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 119 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 120 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 121 bunătate bunătate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 122 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 123 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 124 bondad bondad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 125 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 126 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 127 bondade bondade NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 128 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 129 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 130 bonté bonté NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 131 collocā́re collocā́re NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 132 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 133 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 134 position position VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 135 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 136 arrange arrange NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 137 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 138 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 139 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 140 coricare coricare NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 141 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 142 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 143 colgar colgar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 144 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 145 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 146 hang hang VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 147 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 148 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 149 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 150 culca culca NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 151 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 152 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 153 lie lie VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 154 down down RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 155 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 156 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 157 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 158 coucher coucher NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 159 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 160 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 161 lay lay VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 162 sth sth NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 163 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 164 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 165 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 166 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 167 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 168 s.o s.o NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 593 169 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 1 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 2 bed bed NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 4 commūnicā́re commūnicā́re NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 7 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 8 communion communion NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 10 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 11 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 12 cumineca cumineca NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 13 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 14 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 15 comungar comungar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 17 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 18 comulgar comulgar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 20 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 21 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 22 comungier comungier NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 23 carricā́re carricā́re NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 26 load load VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 28 onto onto IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 30 wagon wagon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 32 cart cart NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 35 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 36 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 37 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 38 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 39 carregar carregar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 40 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 41 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 42 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 43 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 44 cargar cargar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 45 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 47 load load VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 50 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 51 charger charger NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 53 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 54 cargà cargà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 55 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 56 caregà caregà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 58 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 59 carigar carigar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 60 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 61 cargar(e cargar(e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 63 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 64 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 65 load load VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 66 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 67 fábricam fábricam NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 68 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 69 forge forge NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 70 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 71 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 72 /*fawrɡa/ /*fawrɡa/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 73 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 74 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 75 fragua fragua NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 76 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 77 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 78 frágua frágua NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 80 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 81 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 82 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 83 farga farga NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 85 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 86 forge forge NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 87 disjējūnā́re disjējūnā́re NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 88 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 89 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 90 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 91 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 92 fast fast JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 93 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 94 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 95 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 96 disjūnā́re disjūnā́re VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 97 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 98 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 99 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 100 disner disner NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 101 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 102 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 103 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 104 lunch lunch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 105 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 106 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 107 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 108 dîner dîner NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 109 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 110 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 111 dine dine VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 112 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 113 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 114 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 115 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 116 disjū́nat disjū́nat FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 117 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 118 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 119 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 120 desjune desjune NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 121 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 122 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 123 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 124 lunch lunch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 125 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 126 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 127 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 128 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 129 il il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 130 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 131 déjeune déjeune NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 132 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 133 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 134 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 135 lunch lunch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 136 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 137 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 138 adjūtā́re adjūtā́re VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 139 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 140 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 141 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 142 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 143 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 144 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 145 aiutare aiutare NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 146 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 147 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 148 ajuta ajuta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 149 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 150 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 151 aider aider NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 152 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 153 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 154 aidà aidà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 155 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 156 aiuttà aiuttà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 157 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 158 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 159 ayudar ayudar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 160 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 161 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 162 ajudar ajudar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 163 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 164 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 165 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 166 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 167 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 594 168 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 1 ayuda ayuda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 3 ajuda ajuda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 5 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 6 helps help VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 9 cf cf VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 595 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 1 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 3 aidier aidier NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 6 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 8 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 9 aiue aiue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 11 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 12 helps help VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 15 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 17 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 18 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 20 maintaining maintain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 21 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 22 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 23 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 25 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 26 /a/ /a/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 596 28 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 1 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 2 offerḗscere offerḗscere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 5 offer offer VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 7 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 8 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 9 oferecer oferecer NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 10 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 11 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 12 ofrecer ofrecer NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 14 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 15 offrir offrir NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 17 < < XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 18 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 19 offerīre offerīre NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 597 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 6 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 8 drops drop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 9 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 10 intertonic intertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 11 /a/ /a/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 12 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 14 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 16 Stéphanum Stéphanum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 18 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 20 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 21 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 22 Esteban Esteban NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 24 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 25 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 26 Estievne Estievne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 27 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 28 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 29 Étienne Étienne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 598 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 2 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 4 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 5 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 7 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 9 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 10 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 12 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 14 sacraméntum sacraméntum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 16 sacrament sacrament NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 18 > > . en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 19 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 20 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 21 sairement sairement NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 22 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 23 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 24 serment serment NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 26 oath oath NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 599 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 1 Writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 2 systems[edit systems[edit XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 4 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 5 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 7 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 8 script script NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 10 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 11 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 14 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 15 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 16 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 17 kept keep VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 19 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 20 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 22 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 24 adapting adapt VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 28 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 600 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 2 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 4 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 5 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 7 nineteenth nineteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 8 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 10 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 12 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 15 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 17 literacy literacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 19 reintroduced reintroduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 20 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 22 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 23 Cyrillic Cyrillic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 24 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 27 Slavic slavic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 28 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 601 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 2 Cyrillic cyrillic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 3 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 6 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 8 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 10 Moldovan Moldovan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 14 USSR USSR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 602 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 2 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 3 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 4 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 5 populations population NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 7 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 9 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 11 scripts script NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 14 religions religion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 16 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 18 Hebrew hebrew JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 21 write write VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 22 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 24 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 26 Ladino Ladino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 28 Mozarabic Mozarabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 30 aljamiado aljamiado NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 603 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 1 Letters[edit letters[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 3 Spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 7 palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 9 related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 10 sounds sound VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 11 Sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 12 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 13 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 14 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 15 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 16 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 17 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 18 /k/ /k/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 21 + + CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 22 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 24 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 26 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 27 ⟨c⟩ ⟨c⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 28 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 29 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 31 /tʃ/~/s/~/θ/ /tʃ/~/s/~/θ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 34 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 35 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 37 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 39 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 40 ⟨c⟩ ⟨c⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 41 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 42 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 44 /tʃ/~/s/~/θ/ /tʃ/~/s/~/θ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 47 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 48 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 49 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 51 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 53 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 54 ⟨z⟩ ⟨z⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 55 ⟨ç⟩ ⟨ç⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 56 ⟨ci⟩ ⟨ci⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 57 /kw/ /kw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 59 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 60 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 61 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 63 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 65 y⟩ y⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 66 ⟨cu⟩ ⟨cu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 67 ⟨qu⟩ ⟨qu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 68 ⟨cu⟩ ⟨cu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 69 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 70 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 71 ⟨e ⟨e XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 73 i⟩ i⟩ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 74 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 75 inherited inherit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 77 ⟨qu⟩ ⟨qu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 78 ⟨ch⟩ ⟨ch⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 79 /kw/ /kw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 80 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 81 ⟨e ⟨e XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 83 i⟩ i⟩ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 84 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 85 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 87 ⟨cu⟩ ⟨cu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 88 ⟨qu⟩[62 ⟨qu⟩[62 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 89 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 90 ⟨qü⟩ ⟨qü⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 91 ⟨qu⟩ ⟨qu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 92 ⟨cu⟩ ⟨cu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 93 /g/ /g/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 94 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 95 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 96 + + CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 97 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 98 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 99 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 100 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 101 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 102 ⟨g⟩ ⟨g⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 103 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 104 /k /k . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 105 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 106 g/ g/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 107 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 108 /dʒ/~/ʒ/~/x/ /dʒ/~/ʒ/~/x/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 109 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 110 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 111 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 112 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 113 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 114 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 115 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 116 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 117 ⟨g⟩ ⟨g⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 118 palatalized palatalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 119 /k /k . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 121 g/ g/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 122 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 123 /dʒ/~/ʒ/~/x/ /dʒ/~/ʒ/~/x/ CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 124 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 125 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 126 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 127 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 128 ⟨e ⟨e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 129 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 130 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 131 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 132 y⟩ y⟩ ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 133 ⟨j⟩ ⟨j⟩ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 134 ⟨g(e)⟩ ⟨g(e)⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 135 ⟨j⟩ ⟨j⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 136 ⟨gi⟩ ⟨gi⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 137 /gw/ /gw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 138 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 139 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 140 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 141 ⟨e ⟨e XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 142 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 143 i⟩ i⟩ JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 144 ⟨gu⟩ ⟨gu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 145 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 146 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 147 ⟨e ⟨e XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 148 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 149 i⟩ i⟩ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 150 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 151 inherited inherit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 152 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 153 ⟨gu⟩ ⟨gu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 154 ⟨gh⟩ ⟨gh⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 155 /gw/ /gw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 156 + + SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 157 ⟨e ⟨e XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 158 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 159 i⟩ i⟩ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 160 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 161 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 162 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 163 ⟨gü⟩ ⟨gü⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 164 ⟨gu⟩[63 ⟨gu⟩[63 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 165 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 166 ⟨gü⟩ ⟨gü⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 167 ⟨gu⟩ ⟨gu⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 168 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 169 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 170 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 171 /ʎ/ /ʎ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 172 ⟨ll⟩ ⟨ll⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 173 ⟨lh⟩ ⟨lh⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 174 ⟨il(l)⟩ ⟨il(l)⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 175 ⟨ll⟩ ⟨ll⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 176 ⟨gli⟩ ⟨gli⟩ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 177 ⟨il⟩ ⟨il⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 178 /ɲ/ /ɲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 179 ⟨ñ⟩ ⟨ñ⟩ DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 180 ⟨nh⟩ ⟨nh⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 181 ⟨gn⟩ ⟨gn⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 182 ⟨ny⟩ ⟨ny⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 183 ⟨gn⟩ ⟨gn⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 184 ⟨in⟩ ⟨in⟩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 185 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 186 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 187 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 188 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 189 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 190 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 191 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 192 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 193 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 194 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 195 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 196 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 197 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 198   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 199 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 200 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 201 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 202 B b NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 203 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 204 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 205 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 206 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 207 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 208 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 209 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 210 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 211 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 212 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 213 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 214 H h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 215 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 216 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 217 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 218 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 219 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 220 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 221 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 222 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 223 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 224 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 225 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 226 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 227 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 228 P p NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 229 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 230 Q q NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 231 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 232 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 233 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 234 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 235 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 236 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 237 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 238 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 239 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 240 X X NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 241 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 242 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 243 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 244 Z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 245   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 246 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 247 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 248 modified modify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 249 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 250 augmented augment VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 251 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 252 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 253 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 604 254 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 5 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 6 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 7 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 8 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 9 split split VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 11 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 13 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 16 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 18 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 23 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 24 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 25 split split VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 26 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 27 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 605 29 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 3 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 4 K k NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 7 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 8 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 9 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 12 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 15 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 16 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 18 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 22 seldom seldom RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 23 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 25 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 27 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 28   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 29 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 30 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 32 unassimilated unassimilate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 33 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 34 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 36 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 606 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 1 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 4 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 5 prose prose NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 6 kilometro kilometro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 8 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 9 chilometro chilometro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 607 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 2 eschews eschews NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 3 importation importation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 6 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 8 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 10 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 11 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 608 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 2 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 4 Viquipèdia Viquipèdia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 6 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 7 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 10 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 609 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 2 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 5 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 6 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 7 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 8 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 10 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 12 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 13 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 20 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 21 diverged diverge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 22 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 26 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 27 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 28 added add VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 29 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 31 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 32 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 33 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 34 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 35 put put VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 37 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 38 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 40 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 41 scripts script NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 610 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 2 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 4 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 5 H h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 7 Q Q NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 11 variously variously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 12 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 14 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 16 trigraphs trigraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 18 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 19 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 22 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 23 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 24 phenomena phenomenon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 26 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 27 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 29 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 30 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 32 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 33 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 34 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 38 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 39 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 40 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 41 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 42 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 43 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 611 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 3 added add VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 4 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 5 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 7 diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 10 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 11 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 14 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 16 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 17 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 612 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 2 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 3 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 5 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 6 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 9 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 10 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 13 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 14 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 15 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 16 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 613 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 3 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 4 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 8 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 9 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 10 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 11 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 12 phonetics phonetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 14 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 17 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 18 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 20 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 22 represented represent VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 24 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 25 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 26 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 27 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 28 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 30 considerable considerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 31 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 32 variation variation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 34 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 35 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 38 allophonic allophonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 39 differentiation differentiation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 41 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 44 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 46 utterance utterance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 614 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 1 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 3 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 4 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 6 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 7 conspicuous conspicuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 8 phonological phonological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 9 variations variation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 12 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 16 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 18 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 20 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 22 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 24 B b NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 26 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 28 Merged merged JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 30 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 32 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 33 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 35 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 37 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 38 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 39 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 40 represent represent VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 42 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 43 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 44 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 45 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 46 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 47 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 48 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 49 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 50 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 51 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 52 β β NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 53 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 54 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 55 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 56 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 58 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 59 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 60 differentiation differentiation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 61 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 62 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 64 V. V. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 65 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 66 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 67 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 68 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 69 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 70 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 71 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 72 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 73 k k NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 74 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 76 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 77 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 78 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 79 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 80 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 81 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 82 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 83 affricate affricate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 84 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 85 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 86 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 87 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 88 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 89 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 90 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 91 y. y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 92 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 93 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 94 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 95 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 96 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 97 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 98 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 99 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 100 ɡ ɡ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 101 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 102 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 103 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 104 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 105 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 106 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 107 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 108 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 109 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 110 affricate affricate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 111 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 112 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 113 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 114 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 115 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 116 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 117 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 615 118 y. y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 5 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 6 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 9 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 10 g g NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 12 phonemically phonemically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 13 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 16 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 19 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 20 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 21 ɣ ɣ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 23 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 24 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 616 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 2 Romansch Romansch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 5 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 6 g g NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 9 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 10 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 11 plosive plosive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 13 ɟ ɟ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 17 voiced voice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 18 alveolo alveolo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 20 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 21 affricate affricate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 22 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 23 dʑ dʑ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 617 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 1 H h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 3 Silent silent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 5 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 7 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 8 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 10 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 11 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 12 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 618 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 2 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 3 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 4 h h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 7 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 9 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 11 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 12 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 619 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 1 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 3 Represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 5 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 6 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 7 ʒ ʒ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 10 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 15 palatal palatal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 16 approximant approximant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 18 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 21 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 24 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 27 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 29 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 32 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 33 x x NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 36 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 37 h h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 38 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 40 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 42 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 43 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 45 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 620 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 4 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 6 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 8 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 9 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 621 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 1 Q q NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 3 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 5 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 7 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 8 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 9 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 11 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 14 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 15 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 622 17 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 2 k k NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 7 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 8 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 11 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 12 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 13 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 17 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 18 silent silent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 20 u. u. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 21 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 22 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 24 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 26 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 28 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 29 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 623 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 1 S s NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 3 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 4 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 6 s s NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 10 voiced voice VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 12 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 14 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 15 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 17 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 624 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 2 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 4 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 6 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 9 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 11 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 17 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 18 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 19 voiceless voiceless NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 20 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 21 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 625 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 3 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 4 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 6 represented represent VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 9 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 10 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 12 predictable predictable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 13 assimilations assimilation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 15 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 17 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 626 19 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 2 /slitta/ /slitta/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 3 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 4 sled sle VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 5 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 7 spelled spell VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 8 slitta slitta NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 10 pronounced pronounced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 12 zlitːa zlitːa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 15 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 18 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 627 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 1 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 2 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 4 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 6 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 9 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 10 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 11 allophonic allophonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 12 pronunciations pronunciation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 628 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 2 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 6 stands stand VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 9 voiceless voiceless NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 11 voiced voice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 12 fricative fricative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 15 ʃ ʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 19 ʒ ʒ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 22 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 23 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 24 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 629 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 1 W w NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 3 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 6 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 8 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 10 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 11 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 15 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 17 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 630 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 1 X x LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 3 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 4 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 6 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 7 variable variable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 9 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 12 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 631 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 3 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 4 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 9 Iberia Iberia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 10 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 11 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 12 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 14 denote denote VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 16 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 17 postalveolar postalveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 18 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 20 ʃ ʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 23 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 25 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 27 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 29 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 30 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 32 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 632 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 3 Renaissance Renaissance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 5 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 6 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 8 ks ks NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 11 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 13 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 14 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 15 clusters cluster NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 17 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 20 ɡz ɡz NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 23 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 24 ɡs ɡs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 28 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 29 kθ kθ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 34 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 35 reintroduced reintroduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 37 latinisms latinism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 39 hellenisms hellenism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 633 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 2 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 4 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 6 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 11 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 13 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 14 postalveolar postalveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 15 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 16 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 17 ʒ ʒ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 634 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 4 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 6 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 8 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 9 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 635 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 1 Y y UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 3 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 4 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 9 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 10 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 14 prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 15 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 17 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 19 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 21 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 23 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 24 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 25 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 27 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 28 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 31 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 32 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 33 fricatives fricative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 34 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 37 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 38 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 40 ʝ ʝ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 44 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 49 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 50 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 51 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 52 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 53 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 54 semivowel semivowel VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 55 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 56 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 57 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 58 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 636 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 1 Z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 3 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 4 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 5 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 7 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 9 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 10 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 11 z z NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 637 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 4 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 6 denotes denote VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 8 affricates affricate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 10 dz dz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 13 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 14 ts ts NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 19 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 20 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 21 phonemes phoneme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 24 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 25 contrast contrast VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 26 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 27 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 29 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 30 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 32 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 33 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 34 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 35 razza razza NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 37 ray ray NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 41 ddz ddz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 44 razza razza FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 45 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 46 race race NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 47 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 48 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 49 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 50 tts tts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 53 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 54 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 55 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 56 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 57 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 58 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 59 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 60 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 62 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 64 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 65 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 66 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 67 affricate affricate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 68 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 69 ts ts NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 70 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 71 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 72 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 73 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 74 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 76 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 77 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 78 denotes denote VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 79 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 80 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 81 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 82 dental dental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 83 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 84 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 85 θ θ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 86 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 87 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 88 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 89 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 90 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 638 91 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 1 Otherwise otherwise RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 3 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 7 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 9 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 10 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 11 represent represent VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 14 phonemes phoneme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 16 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 19 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 20 Phonetic Phonetic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 21 Alphabet Alphabet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 23 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 26 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 27 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 31 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 33 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 34 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 36 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 37 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 38 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 639 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 1 Digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 3 trigraphs[edit trigraphs[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 5 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 6 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 7 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 10 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 11 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 13 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 15 accommodated accommodate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 19 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 20 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 22 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 23 resort resort VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 26 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 28 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 30 trigraphs trigraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 33 combinations combination NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 35 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 37 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 38 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 41 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 42 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 43 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 640 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 2 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 4 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 7 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 8 combinations combination NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 11 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 13 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 14 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 17 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 20 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 22 TH TH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 24 PH PH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 27 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 28 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 29 transliterating transliterate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 31 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 32 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 34 θ θ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 38 ϕ ϕ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 41 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 42 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 43 φ φ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 44 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 48 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 49 χ χ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 641 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 3 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 4 aspirated aspirate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 5 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 7 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 8 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 9 changing change VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 11 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 12 fricatives fricative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 16 H h NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 17 represented represent VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 18 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 19 sounded sound VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 22 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 23 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 24 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 25 /ʰ/ /ʰ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 26 following following NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 27 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 29 /p/ /p/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 32 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 33 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 642 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 4 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 7 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 8 scripts script NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 11 CI CI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 13 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 15 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 17 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 18 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 20 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 22 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 24 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 26 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 27 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 28 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 29 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 31 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 34 U. U. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 35 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 37 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 39 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 41 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 42 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 44 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 46 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 48 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 50 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 52 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 53 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 54 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 55 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 56 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 57 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 58 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 59 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 61 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 62 yod yod NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 63 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 65 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 66 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 67 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 68 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 70 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 72 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 73 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 74 leonese leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 76 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 77 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 78 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 79 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 80 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 81 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 82 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 83 tɕ tɕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 84 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 85 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 86 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 87 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 88 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 89 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 90 O o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 91 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 92 U u NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 93 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 94 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 95 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 96 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 97 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 98 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 99 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 643 100 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 2 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 8 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 9 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 10 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 644 12 /k/. /k/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 1 DD DD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 5 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 7 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 9 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 11 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 12 retroflex retroflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 13 plosive plosive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 645 14 /ɖ/. /ɖ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 2 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 3 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 5 accurately accurately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 6 transcribed transcribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 8 DDH DDH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 646 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 1 DJ dj NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 5 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 7 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 647 9 /dʒ/. /dʒ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 1 GI GI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 5 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 7 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 10 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 12 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 14 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 16 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 17 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 18 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 19 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 21 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 24 U u NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 28 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 30 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 32 ɟi ɟi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 35 /dʑi/ /dʑi/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 38 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 39 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 41 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 43 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 46 U u NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 48 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 49 ɟ ɟ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 50 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 51 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 52 /dʑ/ /dʑ/ SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 53 GH GH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 54 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 55 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 57 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 59 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 60 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 61 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 62 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 64 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 66 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 68 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 69 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 70 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 71 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 72 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 73 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 74 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 75 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 76 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 77 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 78 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 79 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 80 yod yod NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 81 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 82 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 83 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 84 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 85 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 86 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 87 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 88 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 89 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 90 pharyngeal pharyngeal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 91 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 92 /ħ/ /ħ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 93 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 94 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 95 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 96 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 97 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 648 98 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 1 GL GL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 5 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 6 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 7 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 9 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 13 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 15 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 649 17 /ʎ/. /ʎ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 1 GLI GLI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 5 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 7 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 9 /ʎʎ/ /ʎʎ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 11 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 650 13 /ʎ/. /ʎ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 1 GN GN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 5 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 11 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 13 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 15 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 17 /ɲ/ /ɲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 21 champignon champignon NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 24 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 26 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 27 /ɲɲ/ /ɲɲ/ JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 32 ogni ogni NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 36 lo lo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 37 gnocco gnocco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 651 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 1 GU GU NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 4 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 5 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 9 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 10 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 12 /ɣ/ /ɣ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 14 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 15 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 16 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 17 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 18 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 20 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 21 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 23 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 25 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 27 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 30 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 32 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 33 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 34 GH GH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 35 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 652 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 1 IG IG NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 6 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 8 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 10 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 12 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 16 maig maig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 18 safareig safareig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 20 enmig enmig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 653 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 1 IX ix NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 9 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 11 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 13 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 15 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 19 caixa caixa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 21 calaix calaix NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 654 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 1 LH lh NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 5 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 7 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 655 8 /ʎ/. /ʎ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 1 LL LL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 5 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 7 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 9 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 11 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 13 leonese leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 15 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 17 Dgèrnésiais Dgèrnésiais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 19 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 21 /ʎ/ /ʎ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 23 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 24 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 26 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 27 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 656 29 /j/. /j/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 1 Represents Represents NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 2 /l/ /l/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 4 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 5 unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 7 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 8 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 10 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 12 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 14 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 15 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 18 /ʎ/ /ʎ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 20 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 21 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 657 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 3 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 9 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 658 13 /ll/. /ll/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 1 L·L l·l LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 5 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 8 geminate geminate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 9 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 659 10 /ɫɫ/. /ɫɫ/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 1 NH nh NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 5 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 7 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 9 /ɲ/ /ɲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 11 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 13 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 14 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 16 /ŋ/ /ŋ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 660 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 1 N- n- CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 5 Piedmontese piedmontese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 7 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 9 /ŋ/ /ŋ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 11 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 661 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 1 NN nn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 5 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 7 /ɲ/ /ɲ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 10 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 12 geminate geminate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 662 13 /nn/. /nn/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 1 NY NY NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 5 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 663 7 /ɲ/. /ɲ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 1 QU QU NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 3 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 4 /kw/ /kw/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 6 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 11 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 14 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 16 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 18 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 20 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 22 leonese leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 24 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 25 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 26 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 28 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 30 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 31 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 33 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 34 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 36 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 38 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 39 /kw/ /kw/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 41 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 42 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 44 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 45 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 48 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 50 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 52 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 53 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 54 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 55 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 56 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 58 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 59 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 60 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 61 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 62 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 664 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 1 RR rr NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 7 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 10 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 12 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 14 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 15 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 18 denote denote VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 20 trilled trilled JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 21 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 24 guttural guttural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 25 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 27 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 30 flap flap NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 665 31 /ɾ/. /ɾ/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 1 SC SC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 4 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 5 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 9 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 14 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 16 /ʃʃ/ /ʃʃ/ RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 19 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 20 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 22 /ʃˈs/ /ʃˈs/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 25 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 27 Brazilian Brazilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 28 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 30 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 32 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 33 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 34 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 36 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 38 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 40 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 41 etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 43 notice notice VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 44 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 45 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 46 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 47 /θ/ /θ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 49 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 50 peninsular peninsular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 51 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 53 SCH SCH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 54 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 55 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 57 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 58 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 59 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 60 ʃ ʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 61 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 62 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 63 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 64 ʒ ʒ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 65 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 67 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 68 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 69 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 70 /sk/ /sk/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 71 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 72 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 73 E"or E"or NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 74 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 75 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 76 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 78 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 79 yod yod NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 666 80 /j/. /j/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 1 SCI SCI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 5 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 7 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 10 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 13 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 15 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 16 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 18 /ʃʃ/ /ʃʃ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 19 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 20 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 22 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 25 U. U. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 26 SH SH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 28 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 30 Aranese Aranese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 31 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 667 33 /ʃ/. /ʃ/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 1 SS ss NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 5 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 7 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 9 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 11 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 13 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 16 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 18 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 19 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 23 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 26 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 28 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 31 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 33 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 668 34 /ss/. /ss/. . en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 1 TS TS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 5 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 669 7 /ts/. /ts/. NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 1 TG tg NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 5 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 8 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 12 tɕ tɕ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 670 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 2 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 6 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 7 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 8 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 10 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 14 metge metge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 16 fetge fetge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 671 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 1 TH th NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 5 Jèrriais Jèrriais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 7 /θ/ /θ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 9 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 11 Aranese Aranese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 13 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 14 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 672 16 /tʃ/. /tʃ/. VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 1 TJ tj NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 7 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 8 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 10 O o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 12 U u NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 15 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 17 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 21 sotjar sotjar NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 23 mitjó mitjó NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 673 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 1 TSCH TSCH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 5 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 8 tʃ tʃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 674 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 1 TX TX NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 6 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 10 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 12 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 14 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 15 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 17 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 19 /tʃ/ /tʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 23 txec txec NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 25 esquitx esquitx NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 27 atxa atxa NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 675 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 1 TZ tz NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 5 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 676 7 /dz/. /dz/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 3 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 4 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 6 PH PH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 8 RH RH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 10 TH TH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 13 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 14 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 17 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 18 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 20 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 21 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 23 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 24 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 25 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 26 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 27 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 28 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 30 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 31 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 32 QU QU NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 34 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 36 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 38 T. t. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 39 Only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 40 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 41 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 42 kept keep VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 43 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 44 etymological etymological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 45 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 48 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 49 represent represent VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 50 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 51 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 52 /ʃ/ /ʃ/ $ en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 54 /f/ /f/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 56 /ʀ/ /ʀ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 58 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 60 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 677 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 1 Double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 2 consonants[edit consonants[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 4 Gemination Gemination NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 9 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 11 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 14 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 15 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 17 doubling double VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 19 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 21 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 22 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 24 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 26 contrast contrast VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 27 phonemically phonemically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 30 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 31 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 32 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 36 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 37 gemination gemination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 38 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 39 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 40 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 678 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 2 Jèrriais Jèrriais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 4 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 5 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 7 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 10 apostrophe apostrophe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 12 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 16 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 17 /zz/ /zz/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 19 ss ss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 23 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 24 /ss/ /ss/ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 27 t't t't RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 30 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 679 31 /tt/. /tt/. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 2 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 3 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 5 geminate geminate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 7 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 8 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 10 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 12 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 15 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 16 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 19 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 20 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 22 fatto fatto NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 23 /fatto/ /fatto/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 24 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 25 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 26 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 27 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 28 fato fato NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 29 /fato/ /fato/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 30 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 31 fate fate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 33 destiny destiny NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 34 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 35 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 36 cadde cadde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 37 /kadde/ /kadde/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 38 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 39 s s NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 40 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 41 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 43 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 44 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 45 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 46 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 47 cade cade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 48 /kade/ /kade/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 49 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 50 s s NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 51 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 52 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 54 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 55 falls fall VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 56 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 680 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 2 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 3 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 5 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 6 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 8 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 11 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 12 etymological etymological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 681 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 2 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 5 gemination gemination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 7 l l NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 9 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 12 punt punt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 13 volat volat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 16 flying flying NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 17 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 21 l·l l·l NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 682 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 1 Diacritics[edit diacritics[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 6 introduced introduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 7 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 8 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 10 diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 13 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 15 attached attach VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 17 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 18 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 21 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 22 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 683 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 5 diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 10 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 12 digraphs digraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 14 trigraphs trigraph NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 16 namely namely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 18 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 20 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 21 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 23 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 24 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 25 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 27 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 30 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 31 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 35 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 36 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 37 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 38 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 39 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 40 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 41 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 43 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 684 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 1 Diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 6 mark mark VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 7 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 8 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 11 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 12 exceptional exceptional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 13 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 15 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 17 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 18 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 22 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 23 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 25 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 26 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 28 homophones homophones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 685 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 1 Depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 2 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 4 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 7 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 9 diacritic diacritic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 10 combinations combination NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 11 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 13 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 14 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 15 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 686 17 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 1 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 3 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 5 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 6 sorting sorting NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 687 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 4 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 7 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 10 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 11 ș ș NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 13 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 14 ʃ ʃ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 18 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 19 ñ ñ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 22 ɲ ɲ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 688 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 5 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 6 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 9 diacritics diacritic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 689 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 1 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 2 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 5 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 7 marking mark VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 8 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 10 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 11 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 14 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 15 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 17 é é NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 20 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 22 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 23 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 26 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 27 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 29 è è NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 31 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 32 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 33 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 690 35 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 3 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 5 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 691 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 1 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 5 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 7 circumflex circumflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 9 ê ê NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 13 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 17 acute acute NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 19 é é NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 24 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 692 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 2 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 5 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 7 umlaut umlaut NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 9 diaeresis diaeresis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 10 mark mark NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 14 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 16 ä ä NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 18 ö ö NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 20 ü ü NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 22 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 23 fronted fronted JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 24 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 25 variants variant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 29 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 693 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 1 Centralized centralized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 2 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 4 /ɐ/ /ɐ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 6 /ə/ /ə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 9 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 10 variously variously RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 12 â â NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 14 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 16 ă ă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 17 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 18 î î NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 20 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 22 ë ë NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 24 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 26 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 694 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 2 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 4 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 6 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 8 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 9 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 11 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 12 whenever whenever WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 13 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 15 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 17 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 18 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 19 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 25 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 27 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 28 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 29 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 30 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 31 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 32 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 34 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 36 mark mark VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 37 unpredictable unpredictable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 38 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 40 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 42 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 43 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 45 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 46 homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 695 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 1 Vowel Vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 2 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 4 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 5 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 7 circumflex circumflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 9 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 10 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 14 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 15 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 17 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 18 nowadays nowadays RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 19 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 20 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 21 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 23 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 25 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 26 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 28 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 30 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 31 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 32 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 33 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 34 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 35 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 36 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 696 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 3 usage usage NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 5 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 8 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 9 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 697 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 1 Nasality nasality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 3 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 4 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 5 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 9 tilde tilde NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 11 ã ã NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 13 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 15 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 16 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 18 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 19 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 22 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 24 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 698 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 1 Palatalization palatalization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 4 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 5 palatalizations palatalization NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 7 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 10 cedilla cedilla NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 12 ç ç NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 15 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 17 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 19 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 21 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 699 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 2 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 4 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 6 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 8 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 13 grapheme grapheme NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 14 ñ ñ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 15 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 17 palatal palatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 18 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 19 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 700 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 1 Separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 2 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 4 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 6 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 8 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 9 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 11 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 12 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 14 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 17 digraph digraph NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 20 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 21 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 23 exceptionally exceptionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 24 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 25 apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 27 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 29 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 30 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 33 diaeresis diaeresis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 34 mark mark NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 35 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 37 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 701 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 3 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 4 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 7 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 9 gü gü NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 10 /gw/ /gw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 11 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 12 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 14 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 16 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 17 plain plain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 18 gu gu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 21 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 22 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 23 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 24 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 702 25 /g/. /g/. NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 2 usage usage NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 3 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 5 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 7 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 9 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 11 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 14 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 15 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 17 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 18 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 19 reform reform NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 21 Brazilian brazilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 22 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 703 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 3 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 5 diaeresis diaeresis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 8 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 10 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 11 adjacent adjacent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 14 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 16 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 18 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 19 separately separately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 23 Noël Noël NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 25 Christmas Christmas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 28 haïr haïr VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 31 hate hate VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 704 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 1 Stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 4 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 5 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 8 polysyllabic polysyllabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 9 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 12 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 15 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 17 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 19 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 22 predicted predict VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 24 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 705 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 2 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 4 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 6 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 9 choice choice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 11 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 13 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 15 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 17 circumflex circumflex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 19 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 20 depend depend VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 22 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 23 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 706 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 2 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 3 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 4 needs need VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 7 indicated indicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 10 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 11 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 13 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 14 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 16 ú ú NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 20 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 22 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 23 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 25 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 26 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 28 ù ù NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 707 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 1 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 2 puts put VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 4 diacritic diacritic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 7 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 8 monosyllables monosyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 10 end end VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 13 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 14 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 16 es es NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 17 os os NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 20 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 21 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 23 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 24 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 25 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 27 chá chá NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 29 tea tea NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 32 más más NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 34 bad bad JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 36 fem fem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 708 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 709 1 pl pl XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 709 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 4 sé sé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 6 seat seat NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 9 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 13 dê dê NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 15 give give VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 710 16 ! ! . en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 2 imperative imperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 6 mês mês NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 8 month month NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 11 só só VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 13 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 16 nós nós NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 18 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 21 cf cf UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 711 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 1 mas mas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 3 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 6 se se FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 8 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 10 oneself oneself NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 13 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 18 nos nos RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 20 us us NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 712 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 1 Word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 4 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 5 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 7 polysyllables polysyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 9 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 12 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 13 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 15 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 17 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 18 università università RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 20 university university NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 21 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 22 universities university NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 25 virtù virtù NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 27 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 28 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 29 virtues virtue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 32 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 34 occasional occasional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 35 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 37 near near JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 39 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 40 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 41 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 43 parlo parlo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 44 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 45 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 46 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 47 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 48 ≠ ≠ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 49 parlò parlò NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 51 s s NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 52 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 53 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 54 spoke speak VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 55 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 57 capi capi NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 58 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 59 heads head NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 61 bosses boss NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 62 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 63 ≠ ≠ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 64 capì capì NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 65 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 66 s s NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 67 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 68 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 69 understood understand VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 70 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 72 gravita gravita FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 73 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 74 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 76 s'/he s'/he CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 77 gravitates gravitate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 78 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 79 ≠ ≠ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 80 gravità gravità NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 81 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 82 gravity gravity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 83 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 84 seriousness seriousness NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 85 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 713 86 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 1 Homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 3 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 5 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 6 monosyllables monosyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 10 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 11 exactly exactly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 13 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 15 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 16 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 19 spelled spell VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 20 identically identically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 23 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 24 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 25 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 27 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 29 differentiated differentiate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 32 diacritic diacritic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 714 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 1 Typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 3 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 4 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 7 pair pair NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 9 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 12 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 14 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 17 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 18 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 19 gets get VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 21 diacritic diacritic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 23 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 25 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 26 diacritic diacritic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 28 notating notate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 29 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 30 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 32 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 33 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 715 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 1 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 4 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 6 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 8 notating notating JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 9 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 11 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 12 monosyllables monosyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 14 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 17 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 20 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 21 homophone homophone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 23 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 24 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 25 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 716 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 4 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 5 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 7 identically identically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 8 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 9 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 10 distinguished distinguish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 13 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 14 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 17 stressed stressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 18 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 20 si si VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 22 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 24 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 25 sí sí FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 27 yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 30 mas mas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 34 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 35 más más NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 37 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 40 mi mi UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 42 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 44 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 45 mí mí NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 47 me -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 50 se se FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 51 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 52 oneself oneself PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 53 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 54 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 55 sé sé NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 56 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 57 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 58 know know VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 59 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 61 te te NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 62 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 63 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 64 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 65 object object NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 66 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 67 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 68 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 69 té té JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 70 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 71 tea tea NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 72 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 74 que que NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 75 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 76 quien quien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 77 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 78 cuando cuando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 79 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 80 como como NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 81 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 82 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 83 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 84 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 85 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 86 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 87 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 88 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 89 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 90 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 91 qué qué NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 92 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 93 quién quién NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 94 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 95 cuándo cuándo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 96 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 97 cómo cómo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 98 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 99 what?/who?/when?/how what?/who?/when?/how NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 717 100 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 718 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 718 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 718 3 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 718 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 2 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 3 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 5 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 7 monosyllables monosyllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 9 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 10 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 14 necessarily necessarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 15 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 17 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 19 stressed stress VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 20 dà dà FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 24 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 25 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 26 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 27 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 29 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 30 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 31 da da NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 33 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 35 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 38 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 39 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 40 tè tè JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 42 tea tea NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 45 te te NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 47 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 50 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 51 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 53 bearing bear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 54 phrasal phrasal NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 55 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 719 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 1 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 4 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 5 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 6 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 7 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 9 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 14 distinguished distinguish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 17 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 19 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 20 diacritic diacritic NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 720 22 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 1 os os VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 3 bone bone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 5 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 6 ós ós FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 8 bear bear NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 721 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 2 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 3 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 5 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 6 needs need NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 7 distinguishing distinguish VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 9 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 11 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 12 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 14 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 15 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 17 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 18 ou ou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 22 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 23 où où NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 25 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 28 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 29 la la FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 33 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 34 là là FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 36 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 39 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 40 ma ma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 42 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 44 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 45 mà mà FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 47 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 722 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 1 Upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 3 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 4 case[edit case[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 6 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 9 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 12 mixture mixture NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 14 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 15 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 17 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 18 identical identical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 19 variants variant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 22 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 26 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 28 majuscule majuscule NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 31 uppercase uppercase JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 35 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 36 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 40 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 41 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 42 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 43 stone stone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 45 carved carve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 46 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 47 shapes shape NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 50 minuscule minuscule NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 53 lowercase lowercase NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 57 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 58 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 59 Carolingian carolingian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 60 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 61 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 62 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 63 quill quill NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 64 pen pen NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 65 handwriting handwriting NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 66 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 67 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 68 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 69 adapted adapt VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 70 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 71 printers printer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 72 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 73 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 74 fifteenth fifteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 76 sixteenth sixteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 77 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 723 78 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 4 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 5 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 6 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 7 capitalize capitalize VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 9 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 10 uppercase uppercase JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 13 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 14 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 18 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 19 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 22 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 23 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 25 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 26 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 27 sentence sentence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 29 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 30 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 32 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 34 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 36 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 39 organizations organization NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 42 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 43 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 45 titles title NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 47 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 724 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 4 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 6 follow follow VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 8 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 9 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 11 capitalizing capitalize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 12 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 13 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 14 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 15 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 16 ones one NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 725 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 1 Unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 5 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 7 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 9 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 12 weeks week NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 15 derivatives derivative NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 17 proper proper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 18 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 20 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 21 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 22 capitalized capitalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 24 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 27 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 28 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 29 capitalizes capitalize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 30 Francia Francia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 33 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 37 Francesco Francesco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 39 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 40 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 44 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 45 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 46 francese francese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 48 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 49 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 52 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 53 francescano francescano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 55 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 56 Franciscan Franciscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 57 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 58 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 726 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 3 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 4 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 7 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 10 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 11 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 727 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 1 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 2 comparison[edit comparison[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 5 tables table NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 6 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 7 provide provide VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 9 vocabulary vocabulary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 10 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 12 illustrates illustrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 14 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 16 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 18 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 19 shifts shift NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 21 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 22 occurred occur VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 23 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 24 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 26 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 27 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 728 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 1 Words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 3 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 5 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 6 conventional conventional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 7 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 729 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 5 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 7 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 8 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 10 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 12 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 15 dramatic dramatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 16 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 17 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 18 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 20 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 730 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 3 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 4 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 5 reflects reflect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 7 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 9 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 10 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 12 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 13 1200 1200 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 14 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 731 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 1 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 3 Sardinian[64 Sardinian[64 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 6 Nuorese Nuorese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 8 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 9 Sicilian[65][66][67 Sicilian[65][66][67 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 11 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 13 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 15 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 16 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 17 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 18 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 19 Piedmontese[68 Piedmontese[68 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 21 Friulian[69 friulian[69 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 23 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 24 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 25 Occitan[70 Occitan[70 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 27 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 28 Aragonese[71 aragonese[71 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 30 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 31 Asturian[72 Asturian[72 '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 33 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 34 Galician galician JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 35 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 36 homō homō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 38 hominem hominem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 39 ómine ómine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 40 om om NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 41 omu omu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 42 omu omu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 43 uomo uomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 44 om(en)o om(en)o VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 45 òm(en òm(en JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 47 òm(en òm(en NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 49 òm òm PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 50 om om NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 51 um um UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 52 homme homme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 53 /ɔm/ /ɔm/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 54 òme òme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 55 home home NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 56 om(br)e om(br)e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 57 hombre hombre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 58 home home NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 59 homem homem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 60 home home NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 61 woman woman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 63 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 64 Domina Domina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 66 femina femina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 68 mulier muli JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 70 mulierem mulierem JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 71 Fémina Fémina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 73 muzère muzère NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 74 femeie femeie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 76 muiere muiere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 77 mugghieri mugghieri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 78 donna donna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 80 moglie moglie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 81 donna donna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 83 moglie moglie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 84 mujer mujer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 85 mujér mujér NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 86 dòna dòna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 87 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 88 fomna fomna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 89 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 90 miee miee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 91 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 92 moglier moglier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 93 fomna fomna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 94 muîr muîr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 95 muglier muglier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 96 femme femme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 97 /fam/ /fam/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 98 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 99 moillier moilli JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 100 OOc OOc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 101 mólher mólher RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 102 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 103 nom nom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 104 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 732 105 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 1 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 2 molhér molhér NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 4 obj obj UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 733 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 1 dona dona NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 3 muller muller NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 4 muller muller NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 5 mujer mujer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 6 muyer muyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 7 mulher mulher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 8 muller muller NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 9 son son NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 10 fīlium fīlium NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 11 fízu fízu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 12 fiu fiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 13 figghiu figghiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 14 figliu figliu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 15 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 16 figliolu figliolu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 17 figlio figlio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 18 fio fio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 19 fiōl fiōl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 20 fiœl fiœl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 21 fieul fieul NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 22 fi fi WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 23 figl figl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 25 fegl fegl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 26 fils fil VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 27 /fis/ /fis/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 28 filh filh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 29 fill fill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 30 fillo fillo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 31 hijo hijo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 32 fíu fíu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 33 filho filho NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 34 fillo fillo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 35 water water NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 36 aquam aquam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 37 àbba àbba NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 38 apă apă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 39 acqua acqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 40 acqua acqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 41 acqua acqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 42 acua acua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 43 aqua aqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 44 aqua aqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 45 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 46 ova ova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 47 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 48 eiva eiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 49 eva eva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 50 aghe aghe NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 51 aua aua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 52 eau eau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 53 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 54 aiga aiga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 55 aigua aigua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 56 aigua aigua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 58 augua augua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 59 agua agua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 60 agua agua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 61 água água NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 62 auga auga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 63 fire fire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 64 focum focum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 65 fócu fócu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 66 foc foc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 67 focu focu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 68 focu focu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 69 fuoco fuoco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 70 fogo fogo NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 71 foeugh foeugh RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 72 fœg fœg RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 73 feu feu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 74 fûc fûc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 75 fieu fieu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 76 feu feu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 77   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 78 /fø/ /fø/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 79 fuòc fuòc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 80 foc foc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 81 fuego fuego NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 82 fuego fuego NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 83 fueu fueu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 84 fogo fogo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 85 fogo fogo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 86 rain rain NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 87 pluviam pluviam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 88 próida próida NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 89 ploaie ploaie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 90 chiuvuta[73 chiuvuta[73 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 91 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 92 pioggia pioggia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 93 pioggia pioggia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 94 pióva pióva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 95 pioeuva pioeuva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 96 piœva piœva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 97 pieuva pieuva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 98 ploe ploe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 99 plievgia plievgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 100 pluie pluie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 101   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 102 /plɥi/ /plɥi/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 103 pluèja pluèja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 104 pluja pluja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 105 plebia plebia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 106 lluvia lluvia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 107 lluvia lluvia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 108 chuva chuva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 109 choiva choiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 110 land land NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 111 terram terram NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 112 tèrra tèrra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 113 ţară ţară NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 114 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 115 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 116 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 117 tera tera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 118 tera tera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 119 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 120 tèra tèra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 121 tiere tiere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 122 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 123 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 124 tiara tiara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 125 terre terre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 126   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 127 /tɛʁ/ /tɛʁ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 128 tèrra tèrra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 129 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 130 tierra tierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 131 tierra tierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 132 tierra tierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 133 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 134 terra terra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 135 sky sky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 136 caelum caelum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 137 chélu chélu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 138 cer cer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 139 celu celu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 140 celu celu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 141 cielo cielo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 142 çiél çiél NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 143 cēl cēl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 144 cel cel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 145 cel cel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 146 cîl cîl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 147 tschiel tschiel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 148 ciel ciel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 149   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 150 /sjɛl/ /sjɛl/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 151 cèl cèl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 152 cel cel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 153 zielo zielo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 154 cielo cielo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 155 cielu cielu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 156 céu céu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 157 ceo ceo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 158 high high NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 159 altum altum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 160 àrtu àrtu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 161 înalt înalt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 162 autu autu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 163 altu altu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 164 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 165 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 166 élt élt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 167 alt/(v)olt alt/(v)olt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 168 àut àut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 169 alt alt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 170 aut aut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 171 haut[74 haut[74 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 172 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 173   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 174 /o/ /o/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 175 n n NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 176 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 177 aut aut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 178 alt alt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 179 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 180 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 181 altu altu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 182 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 183 alto alto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 184 new new NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 185 novum novum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 186 nóbu nóbu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 187 nou nou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 188 novu novu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 189 novu novu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 190 nuovo nuovo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 191 nóvo nóvo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 192 noeuv noeuv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 193 nœv nœv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 194 neuv neuv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 195 gnove gnove NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 196 nov nov NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 197 neuf neuf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 198   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 199 /nœf/ /nœf/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 200 nòu nòu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 201 nou nou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 202 nuebo nuebo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 203 nuevo nuevo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 204 nuevu nuevu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 205 novo novo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 206 novo novo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 207 horse horse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 208 caballum caballum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 209 càdhu càdhu NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 210 cal cal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 211 cavaddu cavaddu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 212 cavallu cavallu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 213 cavallo cavallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 214 cavało cavało NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 215 cavàl cavàl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 216 cavall cavall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 217 caval caval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 218 ĉhaval ĉhaval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 219 chaval chaval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 220 cheval cheval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 221 /ʃ(ə)val/ /ʃ(ə)val/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 222 caval caval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 223 cavall cavall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 224 caballo caballo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 225 caballo caballo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 226 caballu caballu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 227 cavalo cavalo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 228 cabalo cabalo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 229 dog dog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 230 canem canem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 231 càne càne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 232 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 233 jàgaru jàgaru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 234 câine câine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 235 cani cani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 236 cane cane NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 237 cane cane NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 238 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 239 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 240 can can VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 241 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 242 ca ca MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 243 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 244 cjan cjan VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 245 chaun chaun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 246 chien chien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 247 /ʃjɛ̃/ /ʃjɛ̃/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 248 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 249 ca ca VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 250 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 251 gos gos NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 252 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 253 can can VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 254 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 255 perro perro NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 256 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 257 cão cão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 258 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 259 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 260 facere facere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 261 fàchere fàchere NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 262 face(re face(re ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 263 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 264 fari fari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 265 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 266 fàciri fàciri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 267 fà fà CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 268 fare fare VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 269 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 270 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 271 fà fà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 272 fé fé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 273 fâ fâ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 274 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 275 faire faire NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 276   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 277 /fɛːʁ/ /fɛːʁ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 278 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 279 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 280 fàser fàser NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 281 fer fer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 282 fer fer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 283 hacer hacer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 284 facer facer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 285 fazer fazer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 286 facer facer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 287 milk milk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 288 lactem lactem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 289 làte làte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 290 lapte lapte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 291 latti latti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 292 latte latte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 293 latte latte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 294 late late RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 295 latt latt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 296 lacc lacc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 297 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 298 lat lat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 299 làit làit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 300 lat lat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 301 latg latg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 302 lait lait NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 303   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 304 /lɛ/ /lɛ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 305 lach lach NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 306 llet llet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 307 leit leit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 308 leche leche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 309 lleche lleche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 310 leite leite NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 311 leite leite NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 312 eye eye NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 313 oculum oculum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 314 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 315 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 316 oclum oclum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 317 ócru ócru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 318 ochi ochi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 319 occhiu occhiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 320 ochiu ochiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 321 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 322 ochju ochju NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 323 occhio occhio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 324 ocio ocio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 325 òć òć NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 326 œgg œgg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 327 euj euj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 328 voli voli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 329 egl egl VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 330 œil œil XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 331   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 332 /œj/ /œj/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 333 uèlh uèlh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 334 ull ull NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 335 güello güello NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 336 ojo ojo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 337 güeyu güeyu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 338 olho olho NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 339 ollo ollo NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 340 ear ear NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 341 auriculam auriculam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 342 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 343 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 344 oriclam oriclam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 345 orícra orícra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 346 ureche ureche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 347 auricchia auricchia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 348 orecchiu orecchiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 349 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 350 orechju orechju NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 351 orecchio orecchio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 352 orécia orécia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 353 uréć uréć NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 354 oregia oregia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 355 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 356 orecia orecia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 357 orija orija NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 358 orele orele NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 359 ureglia ureglia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 360 oreille oreille NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 361 /ɔʁɛj/ /ɔʁɛj/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 362 aurelha aurelha NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 363 orella orella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 364 orella orella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 365 oreja oreja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 366 oreya oreya NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 367 orelha orelha JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 368 orella orella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 369 tongue/ tongue/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 370 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 371 linguam linguam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 372 límba límba NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 373 limbǎ limbǎ VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 374 lingua lingua IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 375 lingua lingua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 376 lingua lingua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 377 léngua léngua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 378 léngua léngua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 379 lengua lengua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 380 lenga lenga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 381 lenghe lenghe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 382 lingua lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 383 langue langue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 384   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 385 /lɑ̃ɡ/ /lɑ̃ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 386 lenga lenga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 387 llengua llengua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 388 luenga luenga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 389 lengua lengua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 390 llingua llingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 391 língua língua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 392 lingua lingua FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 393 hand hand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 394 manum manum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 395 mànu mànu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 396 mână mână NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 397 manu manu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 398 manu manu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 399 mano mano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 400 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 401 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 402 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 403 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 404 ma ma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 405 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 406 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 407 maun maun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 408 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 409   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 410 /mɛ̃/ /mɛ̃/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 411 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 412 mà mà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 413 man man NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 414 mano mano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 415 mano mano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 416 mão mão NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 417   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 418 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 419 mɐ̃w̃ mɐ̃w̃ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 420 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 421 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 422 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 423 pellem pellem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 424 pèdhe pèdhe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 425 piele piele NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 426 peddi peddi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 427 pelle pelle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 428 pelle pelle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 429 pełe pełe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 430 pèl pèl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 431 pell pell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 432 pel pel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 433 piel piel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 434 pel pel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 435 peau peau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 436   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 437 /po/ /po/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 438 pèl pèl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 439 pell pell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 440 piel piel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 441 piel piel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 442 piel piel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 443 pele pele NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 444 pel pel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 445 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 446 ego ego VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 447 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 448 d)ègo d)ègo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 449 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 450 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 451 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 452 jè jè NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 453 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 454 ju ju NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 455 eiu eiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 456 io io NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 457 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 458 mi)[75 mi)[75 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 459 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 460 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 461 mì mì NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 462 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 463 mè)[75 mè)[75 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 464 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 465 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 466 mi mi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 467 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 468 mé)[75 mé)[75 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 469 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 470 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 471 jo jo UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 472 jau jau NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 473 je je NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 474   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 475 /ʒə/ /ʒə/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 476 ieu ieu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 477 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 478 jo jo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 479 jo jo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 480 yo yo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 481 yo yo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 482 yo yo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 483 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 484 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 485 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 486 nostrum nostrum JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 487 nóstru nóstru JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 488 nostru nostru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 489 nostru nostru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 490 nostru nostru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 491 nostro nostro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 492 nostro nostro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 493 noster noster NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 494 nòst nòst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 495 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 496 nòster nòster NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 497 nòst nòst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 498 nestri nestri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 499 noss noss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 500 notre notre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 501   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 502 /nɔtʁ/ /nɔtʁ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 503 nòstre nòstre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 504 nostre nostre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 505 nuestro nuestro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 506 nuestro nuestro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 507 nuesu,[76 nuesu,[76 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 508 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 509 nuestru nuestru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 510 nosso[76 nosso[76 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 511 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 512 noso[76 noso[76 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 513 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 514 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 515 trēs trēs NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 516 tres tre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 517 trei trei VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 518 tri tri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 519 tre tre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 520 tre tre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 521 tre tre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 522 trii trii NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 523 tri tri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 524 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 525 m)/ m)/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 526 tre tre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 527 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 528 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 529 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 530 trè trè NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 531 tre tre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 532 trais trais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 533 trois trois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 534   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 535 /tʁwɑ/ /tʁwɑ/ DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 536 tres tres NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 537 tres tre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 538 tres tre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 539 tres tre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 540 trés trés NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 541 três três NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 542 tres tre VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 543 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 544 quattuor quattuor CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 545 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 546 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 547 quattro quattro NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 548 bàtoro bàtoro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 549 patru patru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 550 quattru quattru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 551 quattru quattru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 552 quattro quattro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 553 cuatro cuatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 554 quàtar quàtar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 555 quàter quàter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 556 quatr quatr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 557 cuatri cuatri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 558 quat(t)er quat(t)er NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 559 quatre quatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 560 /katʁ/ /katʁ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 561 quatre quatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 562 quatre quatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 563 cuatre cuatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 564 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 565 cuatro cuatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 566 cuatro cuatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 567 cuatro cuatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 568 quatro quatro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 569 catro catro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 570 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 571 quīnque quīnque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 572 > > NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 573 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 574 cīnque cīnque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 575 chímbe chímbe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 576 cinci cinci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 577 cincu cincu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 578 cinque cinque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 579 cinque cinque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 580 çincue çincue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 581 sinc sinc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 582 cinc cinc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 583 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 584 sic sic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 585 sinch sinch NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 586 cinc cinc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 587 tschintg tschintg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 588 cinq cinq NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 589 /sɛ̃k/ /sɛ̃k/ , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 590 cinc cinc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 591 cinc cinc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 592 zinco zinco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 593 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 594 zingo zingo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 595 cinco cinco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 596 cinco cinco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 597 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 598 cincu cincu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 599 cinco cinco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 600 cinco cinco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 601 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 602 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 603 ses se VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 604 şase şase NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 605 sia sia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 606 sei sei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 607 sei sei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 608 sìe sìe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 609 siē siē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 610 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 611 /ses/ /ses/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 612 ses ses NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 613 sîs sîs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 614 sis sis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 615 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 616 /sis/ /sis/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 617 sièis sièis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 618 sis sis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 619 seis seis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 620 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 621 sais sais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 622 seis seis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 623 seis seis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 624 seis seis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 625 seis seis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 626 seven seven CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 627 septem septem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 628 sète sète NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 629 şapte şapte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 630 setti setti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 631 sette sette NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 632 sette sette NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 633 sete sete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 634 sèt sèt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 635 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 636 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 637 siet siet JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 638 se(a)t se(a)t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 639 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 640 siat siat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 641 sept sept NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 642 /sɛt/ /sɛt/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 643 sèt sèt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 644 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 645 siet(e siet(e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 646 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 647 siete siete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 648 siete siete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 649 sete sete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 650 sete sete NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 651 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 652 octō octō NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 653 òto òto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 654 opt opt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 655 ottu ottu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 656 ottu ottu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 657 otto otto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 658 oto oto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 659 òt òt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 660 vòt vòt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 661 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 662 òt òt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 663 eut eut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 664 vot vot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 665 ot(g ot(g NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 666 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 667 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 668 och och NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 669 huit huit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 670 /ɥit/ /ɥit/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 671 uèch uèch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 672 vuit vuit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 673 güeito güeito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 674 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 675 ueito ueito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 676 ocho ocho NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 677 ocho ocho NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 678 oito oito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 679 oito oito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 680 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 681 novem novem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 682 nòbe nòbe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 683 nouă nouă NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 684 novi novi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 685 nove nove VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 686 nove nove FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 687 nove nove NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 688 nóv nóv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 689 nœv nœv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 690 neuv neuv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 691 nûv nûv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 692 no(u)v no(u)v NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 693 neuf neuf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 694 /nœf/ /nœf/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 695 nòu nòu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 696 nou nou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 697 nueu nueu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 698 nueve nueve NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 699 nueve nueve VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 700 nove nove RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 701 nove nove NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 702 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 703 decem decem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 704 dèche dèche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 705 zece zece NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 706 deci deci VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 707 dece dece VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 708 dieci dieci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 709 diéxe diéxe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 710 déś déś NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 711 dex dex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 712 /des/ /des/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 713 des des NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 714 dîs dîs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 715 diesch diesch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 716 dix dix NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 717 /dis/ /dis/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 718 dètz dètz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 719 deu deu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 720 diez diez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 721 diez diez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 722 diez diez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 723 dez dez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 724 dez dez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 725 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 726 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 727 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 728 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 729 Nuorese Nuorese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 730 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 731 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 732 Sicilian sicilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 733 Corsican Corsican NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 734 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 735 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 736 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 737 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 738 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 739 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 740 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 741 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 742 Friulian Friulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 743 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 744 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 745 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 746 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 747 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 748 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 749 Asturian asturian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 750 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 751 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 752 Degrees Degrees NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 753 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 754 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 755 similarity similarity NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 756 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 757 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 758 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 759 languages[edit languages[edit . en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 760 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 761 Data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 762 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 763 Ethnologue:[77 Ethnologue:[77 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 764 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 765 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 766 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 767 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 768 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 769 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 770 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 771 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 772 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 773 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 774 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 775 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 776 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 777 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 778 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 779 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 780 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 781 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 782 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 783 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 784 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 785 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 786 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 787 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 788 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 789 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 790 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 791 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 792 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 793 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 794 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 795 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 796 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 797 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 798 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 799 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 800 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 801 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 802 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 803 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 804 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 805 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 806 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 807 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 808 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 809 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 810 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 811 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 812 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 813 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 814 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 815 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 816 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 817 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 818 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 819 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 820 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 821 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 822 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 823 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 824 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 825 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 826 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 827 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 828 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 829 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 830 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 831 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 832 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 833 85(a 85(a CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 834 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 835 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 836 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 837 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 838 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 839 See see NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 840 also[edit also[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 841 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 842 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 843 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 844 linguistics linguistic VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 845 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 846 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 847 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 848 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 849 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 850 Legacy Legacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 851 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 852 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 853 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 854 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 855 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 856 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 857 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 858 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 859 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 860 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 861 Moselle Moselle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 862 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 863 Pannonian Pannonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 864 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 865 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 866 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 867 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 868 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 869 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 870 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 871 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 872 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 873 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 874 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 875 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 876 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 877 Notes[edit notes[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 878 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 879 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 880 Hammarström Hammarström NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 881 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 882 Harald Harald NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 883 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 884 Forkel Forkel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 885 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 886 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 887 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 888 Haspelmath Haspelmath NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 889 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 890 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 891 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 892 eds ed VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 734 893 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 735 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 735 2 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 735 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 735 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 736 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 736 2 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 736 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 736 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 737 1 Glottolog Glottolog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 737 2 3.0 3.0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 737 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 1 Jena Jena NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 3 Germany Germany NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 5 Max Max NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 6 Planck Planck NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 7 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 10 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 12 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 13 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 738 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 2 Herman Herman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 4 József József NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 6 Wright Wright NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 8 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 10 Translator translator NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 13 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 739 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 740 1 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 740 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 740 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 2 Park Park NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 4 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 5 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 7 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 741 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 742 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 742 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 743 1 96–115 96–115 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 743 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 5 271 271 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 7 02001 02001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 9 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 744 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 2 « « `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 3 Classifications classification NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 7 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 9 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 10 trees tree NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 11 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 12 involve involve VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 13 ranking rank VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 14 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 15 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 17 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 19 differentiation differentiation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 20 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 21 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 22 grouping group VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 23 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 25 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 27 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 29 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 30 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 31 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 32 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 34 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 36 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 38 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 39 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 41 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 42 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 43 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 45 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 46 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 47 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 48 differentiated differentiate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 50 French French NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 51 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 53 though though RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 55 vocabulary vocabulary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 56 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 57 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 58 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 59 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 62 » » ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 63 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 64 Sala Sala NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 65 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 66 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 67 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 745 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 746 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 746 2 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 746 3 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 746 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 746 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 747 1 Britannica.com Britannica.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 747 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 2 Pei Pei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 4 Mario Mario NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 6 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 748 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 3 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 4 Methodology methodology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 7 Classification Classification NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 749 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 750 1 WORD word NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 750 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 1 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 6 135–146 135–146 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 751 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 752 1 doi:10.1080/00437956.1949.11659494 doi:10.1080/00437956.1949.11659494 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 752 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 2 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 3 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 6 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 7 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 9 Pei Pei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 11 analyzing analyze VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 13 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 15 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 18 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 20 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 22 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 26 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 29 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 32 comparing compare VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 33 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 35 inflection inflection NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 37 syntax syntax NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 39 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 42 intonation intonation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 44 indicated indicate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 46 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 47 percentages percentage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 50 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 52 percentage percentage NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 55 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 57 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 58 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 59 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 61 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 62 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 63 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 64 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 66 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 67 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 68 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 70 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 71 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 72 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 74 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 75 23.5 23.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 76 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 78 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 79 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 80 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 81 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 82 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 83 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 84 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 86 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 87 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 88 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 89 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 753 90 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 2 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 3 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 4 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 7 Summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 10 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 13 Ethnologue Ethnologue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 15 Languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 18 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 20 Sixteenth Sixteenth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 21 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 754 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 2 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 3 Dalby Dalby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 5 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 755 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 2 Linguasphere Linguasphere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 3 register register NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 6 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 8 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 10 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 11 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 13 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 756 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 757 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 757 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 3 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 5 Observatoire Observatoire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 6 Linguistique Linguistique NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 8 Linguasphere Linguasphere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 9 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 758 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 759 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 759 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 1 390–410 390–410 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 3 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 4 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 760 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 2 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 3 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 5 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 761 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 2 Ilari Ilari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 4 Rodolfo Rodolfo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 6 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 762 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 763 1 Lingüística Lingüística NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 763 2 Românica Românica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 763 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 764 1 Ática Ática NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 764 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 765 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 765 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 765 3 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 765 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 3 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 5 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 7 04250 04250 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 9 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 766 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 4 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 767 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 768 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 768 2 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 768 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 769 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 769 2 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 769 3 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 769 4 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 769 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 2 Sardos Sardos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 3 etiam etiam NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 5 qui qui VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 6 non non AFX en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 7 Latii Latii NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 8 sunt sunt NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 9 sed se VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 10 Latiis Latiis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 11 associandi associandi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 12 videntur videntur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 14 eiciamus eiciamus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 16 quoniam quoniam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 17 soli soli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 18 sine sine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 19 proprio proprio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 20 vulgari vulgari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 21 esse esse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 22 videntur videntur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 24 gramaticam gramaticam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 25 tanquam tanquam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 26 simie simie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 27 homines homines NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 28 imitantes imitante VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 30 nam nam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 31 domus domus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 32 nova nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 33 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 34 dominus dominus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 35 meus meus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 36 locuntur locuntur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 770 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 3 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 6 Sardinians Sardinians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 8 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 11 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 13 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 15 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 17 Italians Italians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 19 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 20 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 22 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 24 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 25 go go VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 27 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 28 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 29 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 30 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 32 lack lack VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 34 vernacular vernacular NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 37 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 39 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 40 imitating imitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 41 gramatica gramatica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 43 apes ape NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 44 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 45 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 46 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 47 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 48 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 49 say say VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 50 domus domus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 51 nova nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 52 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 53 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 54 house house NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 55 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 56 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 57 dominus dominus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 58 meus meus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 59 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 60 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 61 master master NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 62 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 771 64 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 2 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 3 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 4 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 6 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 7 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 9 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 10 Vulgari Vulgari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 11 Eloquentia Eloquentia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 13 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 15 xi xi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 18 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 20 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 21 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 22 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 23 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 25 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 26 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 27 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 29 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 31 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 32 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 33 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 35 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 37 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 38 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 39 lacks lack VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 40 grammatical grammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 41 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 772 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 3 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 5 Peek Peek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 773 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 774 1 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 774 2 Etymology Etymology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 774 3 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 774 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 775 1 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 775 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 2 Jaberg Jaberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 4 Karl Karl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 6 Jud Jud NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 8 Jakob Jakob NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 10 Sprach- Sprach- NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 11 und und NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 12 Sachatlas Sachatlas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 13 Italiens Italiens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 14 und und RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 15 der der IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 16 Südschweiz Südschweiz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 18 Vol.1 vol.1 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 19 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 20 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 22 Bern Bern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 24 Zofingen Zofingen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 26 1928 1928 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 27 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 28 1940 1940 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 30 Karte Karte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 31 1045 1045 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 33 QUELLA QUELLA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 34 VACCA VACCA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 36 Karte Karte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 37 342 342 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 38 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 39 UNA UNA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 40 NOTTE NOTTE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 42 Online online JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 43 access access NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 44 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 45 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 46 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 47 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 49 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 50 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 51 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 52 Zhang Zhang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 54 Huiying Huiying NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 56 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 776 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 2 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 3 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 9 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 10 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 11 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 13 what what WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 14 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 15 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 777 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 778 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 778 2 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 778 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 778 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 1 Quarterly Quarterly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 4 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 5 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 779 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 6 105–111 105–111 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 780 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 9 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 11 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 13 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 781 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 2 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 782 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 2 Ruhlen Ruhlen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 3 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 5 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 783 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 2 guide guide NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 5 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 9 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 10 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 11 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 13 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 784 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 3 NEO NEO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 5 ROMANTICISM ROMANTICISM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 6 IN in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 7 LANGUAGE LANGUAGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 8 PLANNING planning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 10 Edo Edo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 11 BERNASCONI BERNASCONI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 785 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 6 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 8 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 10 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 786 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 3 NEO NEO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 5 ROMANTICISM ROMANTICISM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 6 IN in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 7 LANGUAGE LANGUAGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 8 PLANNING planning NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 10 Edo Edo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 11 BERNASCONI BERNASCONI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 787 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 6 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 8 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 10 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 788 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 2 Peano Peano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 4 Giuseppe Giuseppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 6 1903 1903 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 789 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 790 1 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 790 2 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 790 3 Sine Sine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 790 4 Flexione Flexione NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 790 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 1 Lingua Lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 2 Auxiliare Auxiliare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 3 Internationale Internationale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 5 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 8 Revista Revista NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 9 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 10 Mathematica Mathematica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 12 Revue Revue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 13 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 14 Mathématiques Mathématiques NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 17 Tomo Tomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 18 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 20 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 791 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 792 1 74–83 74–83 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 792 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 1 Fratres Fratres NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 2 Bocca Bocca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 3 Editores editore VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 5 Torino Torino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 793 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 3 Eall eall NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 4 fhoil fhoil NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 5 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 6 Bhreathanach Bhreathanach NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 794 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 6 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 7 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 9 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 795 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 2 Henrik Henrik NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 3 Theiling theile VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 6 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 7 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 9 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 796 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 2 Þrjótrunn þrjótrunn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 5 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 7 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 9 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 797 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 798 1 Kunstsprachen.de Kunstsprachen.de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 798 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 799 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 3 Relay relay NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 5 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 6 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 8 Jelbazech Jelbazech NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 800 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 801 1 Steen.free.fr Steen.free.fr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 801 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 1 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 3 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 5 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 802 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 803 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 2 See see UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 5 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 804 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 2 See see UH en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 5 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 7 Oceania Oceania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 805 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 2 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 3 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 5 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 6 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 10 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 11 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 806 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 807 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 807 2 I.S. I.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 1 Nistor nistor NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 4 Istoria istoria JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 5 românilor românilor VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 6 din din RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 7 Transnistria Transnistria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 11 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 13 Romanians Romanians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 15 Transnistria Transnistria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 18 București București NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 20 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 21 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 22 Djuvara Djuvara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 23 Neagu Neagu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 26 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 27 Diaspora Diaspora NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 28 aroumaine aroumaine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 29 aux aux JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 30 XVIIIe XVIIIe NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 31 et et NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 32 XIXe XIXe NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 33 siècles siècle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 35 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 37 Les Les NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 38 Aroumains Aroumains NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 40 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 41   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 42 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 43 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 44 Langues’O Langues’O NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 46 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 48 Cahiers cahier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 49 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 50 Centre Centre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 51 d’étude d’étude NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 52 des des FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 53 civilisations civilisation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 54 d’Europe d’Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 55 centrale centrale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 56 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 57 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 58 Sud Sud NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 59 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 60 Est Est NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 61   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 62 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 63 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 808 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 809 1 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 809 2 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 809 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 809 4 125 125 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 809 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 2 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 3 Statistical Statistical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 4 Abstract Abstract NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 6 Israel Israel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 7 reports report VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 8 250,000 250,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 9 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 11 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 13 Israel Israel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 17 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 18 census census NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 19 puts put VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 21 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 22 figure figure NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 25 Israeli israeli JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 26 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 27 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 28 5,548,523 5,548,523 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 31 Reports report NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 33 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 34 300,000 300,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 35 Jews Jews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 36 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 37 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 39 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 40 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 41 WW2 WW2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 810 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 811 1 Eurojewcong.org Eurojewcong.org NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 811 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 8 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 10 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 812 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 813 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 3 Encarta Encarta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 4 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 814 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 815 1 Microsoft Microsoft NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 815 2 Encarta Encarta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 815 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 815 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 6 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 8 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 10 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 816 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 1 Retrieved retrieved JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 6 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 817 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 818 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 818 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 818 3 Ethnologue Ethnologue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 818 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 818 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 819 1 SIL SIL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 819 2 Haley Haley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 819 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 820 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 820 2 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 820 3 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 820 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 2 Percy Percy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 4 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 6 1887 1887 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 821 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 1 Reliques Reliques NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 3 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 5 Poetry Poetry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 7 Consisting consist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 9 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 10 Heroic Heroic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 11 Ballads Ballads NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 13 Songs Songs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 15 Etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 822 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 823 1 Abe Abe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 823 2 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 823 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 824 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 824 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 824 3 289 289 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 824 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 3 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 4 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 6 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 7 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 9 Arts Arts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 11 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 13 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 16 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 17 Information Information NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 825 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 1 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 4 ed ed NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 826 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 1 1957 1957 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 3 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 5 167 167 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 827 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 2 Bereznay Bereznay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 4 András András NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 828 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 1 Erdély Erdély NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 2 történetének történetének VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 3 atlasza atlasza NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 5 Atlas Atlas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 8 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 10 Transylvania Transylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 829 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 830 1 Méry Méry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 830 2 Ratio Ratio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 830 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 831 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 831 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 831 3 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 831 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 5 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 7 89286 89286 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 9 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 11 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 832 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 2 Rochette Rochette NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 4 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 5 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 6 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 7 Stefan Stefan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 8 Zimmer Zimmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 11 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 13 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 17 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 18 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 20 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 21 Historical Historical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 22 Encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 24 ABC ABC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 26 Clio Clio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 28 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 31 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 32 961 961 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 33 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 34 Curchin Curchin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 36 Leonard Leonard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 833 37 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 834 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 834 2 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 834 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 834 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 2 Literacy literacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 6 Provinces province NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 8 Qualitative qualitative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 10 Quantitative Quantitative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 11 Data Data NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 13 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 14 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 835 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 5 Philology Philology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 836 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 1 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 6 461–476 461–476 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 8 464 464 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 837 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 838 1 doi:10.2307/295333 doi:10.2307/295333 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 838 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 839 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 839 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 839 3 295333 295333 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 839 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 2 Herman Herman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 4 Jozsef Jozsef NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 6 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 7 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 8 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 840 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 841 1 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 841 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 841 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 842 1 Penn Penn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 842 2 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 842 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 842 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 7 271 271 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 9 04177 04177 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 14 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 843 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 1 108–115 108–115 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 4 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 5 Harris Harris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 7 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 9 Vincent Vincent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 11 Nigel Nigel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 13 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 844 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 845 1 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 845 2 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 845 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 3 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 5 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 7 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 846 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 2 Vlad Vlad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 3 Georgescu Georgescu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 6 Romanians Romanians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 9 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 11 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 12 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 13 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 14 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 16 Columbus Columbus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 18 p.12 p.12 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 19 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 20 Ioan Ioan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 22 Aurel Aurel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 23 Pop Pop NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 26 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 28 Significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 30 Certain Certain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 31 Names Names NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 33 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 34 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 35 Wallachian Wallachian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 37 Romania Romania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 38 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 39 Wallachia Wallachia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 42 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 847 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 3 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 4 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 5 ^ ^ : en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 6 Vlad Vlad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 7 Georgescu Georgescu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 10 Romanians Romanians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 13 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 15 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 16 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 17 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 18 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 20 Columbus Columbus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 22 p.13 p.13 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 23 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 25 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 26 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 27 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 28 Price Price NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 30 Glanville Glanville NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 32 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 848 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 5 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 7 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 849 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 3 Grant Grant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 5 Cutler Cutler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 6 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 9 Na Na NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 13 contraction contraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 16 em -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 21 + + CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 30 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 32 em -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 36 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 37 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 39 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 41 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 42 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 43 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 44 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 45 na na NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 850 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 3 happens happen VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 6 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 9 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 14 + + CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 15 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 16 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 17 a a NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 18 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 19 os os JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 20 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 23 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 25 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 26 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 32 masculine masculine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 34 feminine feminine NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 36 = = SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 37 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 39 da da NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 41 dos dos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 43 das das NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 44 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 45 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 851 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 2 Verb Verb NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 3 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 4 literally literally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 5 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 8 put put VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 10 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 13 Ilona Ilona NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 14 Czamańska Czamańska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 17 Vlachs Vlachs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 19 Slavs Slavs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 22 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 23 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 25 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 26 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 29 Res Res NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 30 Historica Historica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 32 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 34 Lublin Lublin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 36 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 37 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 38 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 39 Durme Durme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 41 Luc Luc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 43 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 852 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 2 Genesis Genesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 4 Evolution Evolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 7 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 9 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 10 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 11 Border Border NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 853 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 2 Treffers Treffers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 4 Daller Daller NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 6 Jeanine Jeanine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 8 Willemyns Willemyns NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 10 Roland Roland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 12 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 854 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 1 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 2 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 5 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 6 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 7 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 8 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 9 Border Border NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 11 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 855 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 856 1 Multilingual multilingual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 856 2 Matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 856 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 857 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 857 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 857 3 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 857 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 858 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 858 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 858 3 9781853596278 9781853596278 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 858 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 2 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 5 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 6 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 7 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 9 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 10 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 11 Orthographic Orthographic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 12 Agreement Agreement NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 14 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 16 abolished abolish VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 18 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 21 diaeresis diaeresis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 24 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 859 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 2 Pope Pope NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 4 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 860 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 2 Rodney Rodney NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 3 Sampson Sampson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 5 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 6 Prosthesis Prosthesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 8 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 11 Diachronic Diachronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 12 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 14 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 16 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 17 UP UP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 19 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 22 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 861 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 2 Allen Allen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 4 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 6 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 9 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 10 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 12 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 14 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 15 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 16 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 18 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 19 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 20 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 22 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 25 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 28 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 31 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 33 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 34 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 36 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 38 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 40 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 42 o o XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 45 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 46 appear appear VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 48 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 49 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 50 appreciably appreciably RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 51 closer close JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 52 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 54 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 862 56 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 2 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 3 goes go VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 4 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 7 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 8 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 10 quotations quotation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 12 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 13 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 16 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 18 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 19 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 20 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 23 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 24 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 26 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 28 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 29 inscriptions inscription NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 30 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 32 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 34 stands stand VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 35 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 36 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 37 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 38 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 42 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 44 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 45 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 46 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 48 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 863 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 2 Technically Technically NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 4 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 9 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 10 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 11 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 864 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 3 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 4 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 5 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 8 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 9 strip strip NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 10 running run VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 11 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 12 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 13 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 16 Lausberg Lausberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 17 Zone Zone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 22 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 24 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 25 occurred occur VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 28 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 29 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 31 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 32 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 865 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 2 Palmer Palmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 4 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 866 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 2 cauda cauda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 4 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 5 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 6 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 7 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 8 choue choue NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 10 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 11 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 12 /kɔda/ /kɔda/ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 14 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 15 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 16 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 17 cauda cauda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 19 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 20 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 21 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 22 caudă caudă NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 867 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 2 Kaze Kaze NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 4 Jeffery Jeffery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 5 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 7 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 868 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 2 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 4 Two Two NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 5 Models Models NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 8 Description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 10 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 11 Systems Systems NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 869 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 870 1 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 870 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 1 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 6 163–170 163–170 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 871 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 872 1 doi:10.1017 doi:10.1017 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 872 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 872 3 s0952675700001329 s0952675700001329 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 872 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 873 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 873 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 873 3 4420029 4420029 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 873 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 874 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 874 2 Calabrese Calabrese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 874 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 874 4 Andrea Andrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 874 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 2 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 5 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 875 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 9 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 11 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 13 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 876 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 2 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 4 05 05 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 6 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 877 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 3 ALVARO ALVARO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 4 ARIAS ARIAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 5 CABAL CABAL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 7 Publicaciones Publicaciones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 878 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 879 1 personales.uniovi.es personales.uniovi.es ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 879 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 4 Penny Penny NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 6 Ralph Ralph NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 8 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 880 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 2 Continuity Continuity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 4 Innovation Innovation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 8 Metaphony Metaphony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 10 Mass Mass NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 12 Noun Noun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 13 Reference Reference NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 15 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 17 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 881 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 882 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 882 2 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 882 3 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 882 4 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 882 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 1 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 6 273–281 273–281 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 883 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 884 1 doi:10.2307/3735232 doi:10.2307/3735232 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 884 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 885 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 885 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 885 3 3735232 3735232 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 885 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 886 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 886 2 Álvaro Álvaro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 886 3 Arias Arias NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 886 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 2 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 3 armonización armonización NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 4 vocálica vocálica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 5 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 6 fonología fonología NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 7 funcional funcional NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 9 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 10 lo lo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 11 sintagmático sintagmático NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 12 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 13 fonología fonología NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 15 propósito propósito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 16 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 17 dos dos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 18 casos casos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 19 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 20 metafonía metafonía NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 21 hispánica hispánica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 23 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 24 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 26 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 28 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 31 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 32 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 35 Moenia Moenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 36 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 38 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 41 111–139 111–139 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 887 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 2 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 5 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 7 -am -am NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 8 -em -em : en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 9 -om -om : en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 10 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 14 regardless regardless RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 16 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 17 lengthening lengthen VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 18 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 21 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 22 -im -im : en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 24 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 25 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 27 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 28 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 31 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 33 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 34 barely barely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 35 survived survive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 37 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 39 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 888 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 2 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 3 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 4 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 8 -teen -teen CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 10 numerals numeral NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 13 trēdecim trēdecim NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 15 thirteen thirteen CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 17 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 18 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 19 tredici tredici NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 889 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 2 favors favor VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 4 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 6 lengthening lengthen VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 7 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 8 -im -im NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 9 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 10 /ĩː/ /ĩː/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 11 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 12 /i/ /i/ XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 15 notice notice VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 16 unexpected unexpected JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 17 decem decem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 18 > > XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 19 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 20 dieci dieci NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 22 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 23 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 24 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 25 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 26 diece diece NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 890 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 3 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 5 dieci dieci NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 6 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 8 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 9 decim decim NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 12 analogically analogically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 13 replaced replace VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 14 decem decem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 15 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 18 -decim -decim NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 19 ending ending NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 24 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 25 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 28 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 29 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 31 dieci dieci NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 32 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 34 irregular irregular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 35 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 37 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 38 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 39 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 41 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 43 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 45 analogy analogy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 46 worked work VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 49 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 50 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 891 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 3 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 4 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 6 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 8 metipsissimus metipsissimus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 11 superlative superlative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 14 formative formative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 15 -metipse -metipse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 17 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 19 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 21 egometipse egometipse NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 23 myself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 25 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 27 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 28 Ralph Ralph NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 29 Penny Penny NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 31 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 32 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 35 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 36 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 38 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 39 edn edn NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 892 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 2 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 5 UP UP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 7 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 10 144 144 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 893 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 2 Espinosa Espinosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 4 Aurelio Aurelio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 7 1911 1911 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 894 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 2 Metipsimus Metipsimus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 4 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 6 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 895 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 896 1 PMLA PMLA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 896 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 1 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 6 356–378 356–378 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 897 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 898 1 doi:10.2307/456649 doi:10.2307/456649 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 898 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 899 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 899 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 899 3 456649 456649 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 899 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 2 Formerly formerly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 3 ⟨qü⟩ ⟨qü⟩ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 5 Brazilian brazilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 6 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 7 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 8 Formerly formerly RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 9 ⟨gü⟩ ⟨gü⟩ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 11 Brazilian brazilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 12 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 13 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 15 Ditzionàriu Ditzionàriu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 17 línia línia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 18 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 19 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 20 limba limba NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 21 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 22 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 23 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 24 cultura cultura NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 25 sarda sarda NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 27 Regione Regione NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 28 Autònoma Autònoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 29 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 30 sa sa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 31 Sardigna Sardigna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 900 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 6 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 8 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 10 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 901 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 2 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 4 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 6 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 902 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 3 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 4 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 6 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 903 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 904 1 Italian.about.com italian.about.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 904 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 1 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 3 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 5 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 905 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 906 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 3 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 4 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 6 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 907 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 908 1 Utenti.lycos.it Utenti.lycos.it NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 908 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 6 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 8 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 10 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 909 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 910 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 3 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 5 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 6 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 911 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 2 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 4 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 912 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 3 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 4 Dissionari Dissionari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 5 Piemontèis Piemontèis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 7 Grande Grande NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 8 Dizionario Dizionario NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 9 Piemontese Piemontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 913 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 2 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 4 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 6 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 914 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 3 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 6 Friulian Friulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 7 Friulian Friulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 8 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 915 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 916 1 Sangiorgioinsieme.it sangiorgioinsieme.it CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 916 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 8 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 10 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 917 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 2 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 4 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 6 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 918 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 2 Beaumont Beaumont NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 6 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 8 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 919 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 2 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 3 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 920 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 921 1 Freelang.net Freelang.net NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 921 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 6 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 922 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 4 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 6 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 923 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 924 1 Glosbe Glosbe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 924 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 2 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 4 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 925 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 4 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 6 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 926 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 927 1 Glosbe Glosbe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 927 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 2 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 4 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 928 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 2 Developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 4 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 5 pluviūtam pluviūtam NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 929 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 2 Initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 3 h- h- NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 4 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 6 contamination contamination NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 8 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 9 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 10 hauh hauh NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 12 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 930 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 2 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 3 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 4 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 7 reveals reveal VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 8 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 9 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 10 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 12 inhibiting inhibit VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 13 elision elision NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 16 preceding precede VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 17 schwa schwa NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 931 19 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 1 le le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 2 haut haut NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 5 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 7 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 8 l'eau l'eau PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 11 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 932 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 5 Cognate cognate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 7 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 8 mē mē NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 11 ego ego JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 933 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 1 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 2 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 4 parallels parallel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 6 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 8 affairs affair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 10 Celtic Celtic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 14 cognate cognate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 16 ego ego NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 18 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 19 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 20 anywhere anywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 24 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 27 accusative accusative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 28 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 29 cognate cognate NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 31 mē mē NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 32 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 33 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 34 extended extend VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 36 cover cover VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 38 nominative nominative NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 40 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 41 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 934 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 5 Developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 8 assimilated assimilate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 9 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 10 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 11 nossum nossum NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 12 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 13 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 15 nostrum nostrum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 935 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 2 Ethnologue Ethnologue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 4 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 7 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 9 15th 15th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 10 edition edition NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 12 SIL SIL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 13 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 15 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 936 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 1 References[edit references[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 3 Overviews Overviews NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 5 Frederick Frederick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 6 Browning Browning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 7 Agard Agard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 937 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 2 Course course NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 5 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 938 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 939 1 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 939 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 4 Synchronic Synchronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 5 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 7 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 940 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 4 Diachronic diachronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 5 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 941 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 1 Georgetown Georgetown NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 5 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 942 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 1 Harris Harris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 3 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 5 Vincent Vincent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 7 Nigel Nigel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 9 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 943 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 944 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 944 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 944 3 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 944 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 945 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 945 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 945 3 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 945 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 946 1 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 947 1 Reprint Reprint NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 947 2 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 947 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 1 Posner Posner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 3 Rebecca Rebecca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 5 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 948 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 949 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 949 2 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 949 3 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 949 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 950 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 1 Gerhard Gerhard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 2 Ernst Ernst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 3 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 4 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 5 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 7 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 951 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 1 Romanische Romanische NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 2 Sprachgeschichte Sprachgeschichte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 4 Ein Ein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 5 internationales internationale VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 6 Handbuch Handbuch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 7 zur zur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 8 Geschichte Geschichte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 9 der der VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 10 romanischen romanischen RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 11 Sprachen Sprachen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 952 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 953 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 953 2 vols vol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 953 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 1 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 3 Mouton Mouton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 4 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 5 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 7 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 9 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 954 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 4 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 6 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 955 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 956 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 956 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 956 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 1 Alkire alkire VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 3 Ti Ti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 5 Rosen Rosen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 7 Carol Carol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 9 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 957 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 1 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 2 Languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 5 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 6 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 958 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 959 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 1 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 2 Maiden Maiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 5 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 6 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 8 Adam Adam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 9 Ledgeway Ledgeway NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 11 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 15 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 16 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 19 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 20 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 960 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 961 1 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 961 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 3 Structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 5 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 962 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 963 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 963 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 963 3 Contexts Contexts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 963 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 4 UP up RP en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 8 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 964 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 6 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 965 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 966 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4030 966 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 966 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 1 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 2 Maiden Maiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 4 Adam Adam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 5 Ledgeway Ledgeway NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 7 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 967 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 2 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 3 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 6 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 7 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 968 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 1 Oxford oxford NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 7 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 969 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 1 Lindenbauer Lindenbauer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 3 Petrea Petrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 5 Metzeltin Metzeltin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 7 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 9 Thir Thir NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 11 Margit Margit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 13 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 970 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 971 1 Die die VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 971 2 romanischen romanischen VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 971 3 Sprachen Sprachen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 971 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 972 1 Eine Eine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 972 2 einführende einführende NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 972 3 Übersicht Übersicht NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 972 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 973 1 Wilhelmsfeld Wilhelmsfeld NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 973 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 973 3 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 973 4 Egert Egert NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 973 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 1 Metzeltin Metzeltin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 3 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 5 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 974 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 975 1 Las Las NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 975 2 lenguas lengua VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 975 3 románicas románicas NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 975 4 estándar estándar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 975 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 1 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 3 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 4 formación formación NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 5 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 6 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 7 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 8 uso uso NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 976 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 1 Uviéu Uviéu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 3 Academia Academia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 4 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 5 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 6 Llingua Llingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 7 Asturiana Asturiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 977 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 1 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 3 Boyd Boyd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 5 Bowman Bowman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 7 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 9 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 978 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 4 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 6 Sound Sound NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 7 Charts chart NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 979 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 1 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 3 D.C. D.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 5 Georgetown Georgetown NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 7 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 980 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 1 Cravens Cravens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 3 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 4 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 5 Comparative Comparative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 6 Historical Historical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 7 Dialectology Dialectology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 9 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 11 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 12 Clues Clues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 14 Ibero Ibero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 16 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 17 Sound Sound NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 18 Change Change NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 981 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 1 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 4 Benjamins Benjamins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 6 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 982 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 1 Sónia Sónia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 2 Frota Frota NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 4 Pilar Pilar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 5 Prieto Prieto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 7 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 983 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 984 1 Intonation intonation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 984 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 984 3 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 984 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 1 Oxford oxford NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 4 UP UP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 6 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 985 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 1 Christoph Christoph NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 2 Gabriel Gabriel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 4 Conxita Conxita NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 5 Lleó Lleó NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 7 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-4030 986 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 1 Intonational Intonational NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 2 Phrasing Phrasing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 6 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 8 Cross Cross NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 9 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 10 Linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 12 Bilingual bilingual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 13 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 987 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 1 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 4 Benjamins Benjamins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 988 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 989 1 Philippe Philippe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 989 2 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 989 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 2 Structure Structure NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 4 Spoken Spoken NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 5 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 7 Intonation intonation NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 9 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 990 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 4 UP UP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 6 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 991 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 992 1 Rodney Rodney NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 992 2 Sampson Sampson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 992 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 993 1 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 993 2 Prosthesis Prosthesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 993 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 993 4 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 993 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 1 Oxford oxford NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 4 UP UP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 6 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 994 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 1 Lexicon Lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 3 Holtus Holtus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 5 Günter Günter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 7 Metzeltin Metzeltin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 9 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 11 Schmitt Schmitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 13 Christian Christian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 15 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 995 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 996 1 Lexikon Lexikon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 996 2 der der VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 996 3 Romanistischen Romanistischen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 996 4 Linguistik Linguistik NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 996 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 2 LRL LRL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 4 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 5 volumes volume NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 997 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 998 1 Tübingen tübingen NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 998 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 998 3 Niemeyer Niemeyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 998 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 3 Price price NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 5 Glanville Glanville NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 7 1971 1971 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 999 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 3 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 5 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 7 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1000 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1001 1 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1001 2 Arnold Arnold NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1001 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 1 Kibler Kibler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 3 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 4 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 6 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1002 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 2 introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 4 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 5 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1003 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 4 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 5 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 6 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 8 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1004 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 1 Lodge Lodge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 3 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 4 Anthony Anthony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 6 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1005 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 1 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 3 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 4 Dialect dialect VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 6 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1006 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1007 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1007 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1007 3 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1007 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 1 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 3 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 5 Edwin Edwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1008 6 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1009 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1009 2 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1009 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1009 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 2 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 4 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 6 Historical Historical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 7 Phonology Phonology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 9 Morphology Morphology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 12 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 13 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 15 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 16 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1010 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1011 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1011 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1011 3 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1011 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 1 Wetzels Wetzels NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 3 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 4 Leo Leo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 6 Menuzzi Menuzzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 8 Sergio Sergio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 10 Costa Costa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 12 João João NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 14 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1012 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 2 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 4 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 5 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1013 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1014 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1014 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1014 3 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1014 4 Blackwell Blackwell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1014 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 3 Penny penny NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 5 Ralph Ralph NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 7 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1015 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 5 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 6 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 8 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 9 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1016 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1017 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 1 Lapesa Lapesa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 3 Rafael Rafael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 5 1981 1981 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1018 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 1 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 3 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 4 Lengua Lengua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 5 Española Española NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1019 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1020 1 Madrid Madrid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1020 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1020 3 Editorial Editorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1020 4 Gredos Gredos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1020 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 1 Pharies pharie NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 3 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1021 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 2 Brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 7 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 8 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1022 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 1 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 5 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1023 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 1 Zamora Zamora NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 2 Vicente Vicente NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 4 Alonso Alonso NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 6 1967 1967 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1024 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 1 Dialectología Dialectología NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 2 Española Española NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 4 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1025 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1026 1 Madrid Madrid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1026 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1026 3 Editorial Editorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1026 4 Gredos Gredos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1026 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 1 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 3 Devoto Devoto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 5 Giacomo Giacomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 7 Giacomelli Giacomelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 9 Gabriella Gabriella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 11 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1027 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 2 Dialetti Dialetti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 3 delle delle NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 4 Regioni Regioni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 5 d'Italia d'Italia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 7 3rd 3rd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 8 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1028 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 1 Milano Milano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 3 RCS RCS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 4 Libri Libri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 6 Tascabili Tascabili NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 7 Bompiani Bompiani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1029 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 1 Devoto Devoto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 3 Giacomo Giacomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 5 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1030 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1031 1 Il Il NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1031 2 Linguaggio Linguaggio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1031 3 d'Italia d'Italia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1031 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 1 Milano Milano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 3 RCS RCS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 4 Libri Libri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 6 Biblioteca Biblioteca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 7 Universale Universale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 8 Rizzoli Rizzoli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1032 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 1 Maiden Maiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 3 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 5 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1033 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 2 Linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 5 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1034 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1035 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1035 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1035 3 Longman Longman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1035 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 1 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 3 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 5 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 6 Haiman Haiman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 8 Paola Paola NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 9 Benincà Benincà NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 11 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 12 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 15 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 17 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 18 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1036 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 3 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 5 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1037 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 1 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 4 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 5 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 6 Vaan Vaan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 8 Etymological Etymological NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 9 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 11 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 14 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 15 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 16 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 18 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 20 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 22 826pp 826pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1038 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 2 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 4 freely freely RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 5 online online RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 7 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 8 Metzeltin Metzeltin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 10 Las Las NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 11 lenguas lengua VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 12 románicas románicas JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 13 estándar estándar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1039 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 1 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 3 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 4 formación formación NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 5 y y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 6 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 7 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 8 uso uso NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 10 Oviedo Oviedo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 12 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 13 Orbis Orbis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 14 Latinus Latinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 16 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 18 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 19 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 20 Hugh Hugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 21 Wilkinson Wilkinson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 23 papers paper NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 25 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 26 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 27 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 30 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 31 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 33 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 34 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 35 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 36 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 37 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 39 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 40 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 42 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 44 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 45 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 46 lovers lover NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 47 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 49 dictionary.com dictionary.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 50 Comparative Comparative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 51 Grammar Grammar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 54 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 55 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 56 Comparison Comparison NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 59 computer computer NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 60 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 61 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 62 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 63 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 64 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 65 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 66 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 67 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 68 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 69 Classification Classification NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 70 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 71 Ibero Ibero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 72 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 73 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 74 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 75 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 76 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 77 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 78 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 79 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 80 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 81 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 82 Brazilian brazilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 83 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 84 Uruguayan uruguayan JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 85 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 86 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 87 Asian Asian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 88 Creoles Creoles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 89 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 90 Eonavian Eonavian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 91 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 92 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 93 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 94 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 95 Fala Fala NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 96 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 97 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 98 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 99 Caló Caló NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 100 Astur Astur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 101 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 102 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 103 Asturian Asturian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 104 Cantabrian Cantabrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 105 Extremaduran Extremaduran NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 106 Leonese Leonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 107 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 108 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 109 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 110 * * NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 111 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 112 Equatoguinean equatoguinean JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 113 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 114 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 115 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 116 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 117 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 118 Philippine Philippine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 119 Saharan Saharan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 120 Creoles Creoles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 121 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 122 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 123 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 124 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 125 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 126 Caló Caló NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 127 Others Others NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 128 Navarro Navarro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 129 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 130 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 131 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 132 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 133 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 134 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 135 Mozarabic Mozarabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 136 Occitano Occitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 137 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 138 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 139 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 140 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 141 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 142 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 143 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 144 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 145 Alguerese Alguerese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 146 Balearic Balearic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 147 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 148 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 149 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 150 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 151 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 152 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 153 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 154 Valencian valencian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 155 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 156 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 157 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 158 Caló Caló NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 159 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 160 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 161 Auvergnat Auvergnat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 162 Gascon Gascon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 163 Aranese Aranese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 164 Languedocien Languedocien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 165 Limousin Limousin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 166 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 167 Niçard Niçard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 168 Mentonasc Mentonasc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 169 Vivaro Vivaro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 170 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 171 Alpine Alpine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 172 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 173 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 174 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 175 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 176 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 177 Caló Caló NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 178 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 179 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 180 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 181 Langues Langues NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 182 d'oïl d'oïl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 183 Burgundian Burgundian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 184 Champenois Champenois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 185 Franc Franc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 186 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 187 Comtois Comtois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 188 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 189 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 190 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 191 Standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 192 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 193 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 194 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 195 Aostan Aostan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 196 Belgian belgian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 197 Cambodian Cambodian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 198 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 199 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 200 Indian indian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 201 Laotian laotian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 202 Swiss swiss JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 203 Vietnamese vietnamese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 204 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 205 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 206 Middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 207 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 208 Judaeo judaeo JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 209 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 210 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 211 Creoles Creoles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 212 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 213 Lorrain Lorrain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 214 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 215 Anglo Anglo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 216 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 217 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 218 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 219 Poitevin Poitevin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 220 Saintongeais Saintongeais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 221 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 222 Moselle Moselle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 223 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 224 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 225 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 226 Others Others NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 227 Arpitan Arpitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 228 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 229 Franco Franco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 230 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 231 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 232 Valdôtain Valdôtain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 233 Savoyard Savoyard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 234 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 235 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 236 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 237 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 238 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 239 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 240 Ligurian Ligurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 241 Brigasc Brigasc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 242 Genoese Genoese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 243 Intemelio Intemelio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 244 Monégasque Monégasque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 245 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 246 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 247 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 248 Emilian Emilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 249 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 250 Romagnol romagnol JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 251 Emilian emilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 252 Bolognese bolognese NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 253 Parmigiano Parmigiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 254 Romagnol Romagnol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 255 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 256 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 257 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 258 Piedmontese Piedmontese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 259 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 260 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 261 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 262 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 263 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 264 Gallo Gallo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 265 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 266 Italic Italic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 267 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 268 Basilicata Basilicata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 269 Others Others NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 270 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 271 Fiuman Fiuman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 272 Talian Talian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 273 Triestine Triestine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 274 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 275 Lingua Lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 276 Franca Franca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 277 Rhaeto Rhaeto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 278 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 279 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 280 Friulian friulian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 281 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 282 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 283 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 284 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 285 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 286 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 287 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 288 Italo Italo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 289 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 290 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 291 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 292 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 293 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 294 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 295 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 296 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 297 Tuscan tuscan JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 298 Corsican corsican JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 299 Gallurese gallurese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 300 Sassarese Sassarese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 301 Judaeo Judaeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 302 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 303 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 304 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 305 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 306 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 307 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 308 Calabrese Calabrese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 309 Sicilian sicilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 310 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 311 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 312 Calabrese Calabrese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 313 Others Others NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 314 Dalmatian Dalmatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 315 Istriot istriot NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 316 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 317 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 318 Sardinian Sardinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 319 Campidanese campidanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 320 Logudorese logudorese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 321 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 322 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 323 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 324 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 325 Moldovan Moldovan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 326 Vlach Vlach NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 327 Others Others NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 328 Aromanian Aromanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 329 Istro Istro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 330 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 331 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 332 Megleno Megleno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 333 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 334 Romanian Romanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 335 Pannonian Pannonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 336 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 337 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 338 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 339 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 340 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 341 Italics Italics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 342 indicate indicate VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 343 extinct extinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 344 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 345 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 346 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 347 asterisks asterisks NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 348 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 349 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 350 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 351 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 352 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 353 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 354 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 355 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 356 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 357 Languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 358 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 359 parentheses parenthesis NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 360 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 361 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 362 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 363 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 364 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 365 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 366 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 367 left left NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1040 368 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 1 Authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 2 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 3 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 5 4115788 4115788 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 6 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 7 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 8 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 10 00569674 00569674 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 11 SUDOC SUDOC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 13 027471187 027471187 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 14 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 17 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romance_languages&oldid=996448170 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romance_languages&oldid=996448170 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 19 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 21 Pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 23 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 24 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 25 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 26 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 27 lacking lack VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 28 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 29 markup markup NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 31 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 32 ISO iso NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 33 hint hint NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 34 Romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 35 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 36 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 38 Faliscan Faliscan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 39 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 40 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 41 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 42 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 43 Webarchive webarchive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 44 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 45 wayback wayback NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 46 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 47 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 48 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 49 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 50 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 51 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 52 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 53 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 54 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 55 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 56 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 57 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 58 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 59 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 60 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 61 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 62 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 63 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 64 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 65 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 66 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 67 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 68 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 69 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 70 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 71 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 72 Pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 73 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 74 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 75 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 76 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 77 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 78 lacking lack VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 79 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 80 markup markup NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 81 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 82 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 83 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 84 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 85 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 86 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 87 maintenance maintenance NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 88 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 89 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 90 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 91 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 92 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 93 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 94 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 95 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 96 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 97 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 98 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 99 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 100 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 101 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 102 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 103 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 104 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 105 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 106 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 107 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 108 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 109 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 110 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 111 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 112 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 113 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 114 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 115 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 116 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 117 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 118 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 119 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 120 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 121 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 122 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 123 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 124 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 125 Aragonese aragonese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 126 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 127 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 128 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 129 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 130 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 131 Aromanian aromanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 132 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 133 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 134 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 135 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 136 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 137 Asturian asturian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 138 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 139 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 140 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 141 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 142 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 143 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 144 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 145 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 146 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 147 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 148 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 149 Corsican corsican JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 150 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 151 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 152 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 153 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 154 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 155 Emilian emilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 156 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 157 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 158 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 159 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 160 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 161 Extremaduran Extremaduran NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 162 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 163 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 164 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 165 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 166 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 167 Arpitan Arpitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 168 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 169 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 170 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 171 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 172 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 173 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 174 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 175 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 176 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 177 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 178 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 179 Friulian friulian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 180 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 181 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 182 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 183 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 184 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 185 Galician Galician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 186 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 187 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 188 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 189 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 190 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 191 Gallurese gallurese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 192 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 193 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 194 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 195 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 196 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 197 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 198 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 199 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 200 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 201 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 202 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 203 Ladino Ladino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 204 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 205 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 206 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 207 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 208 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 209 Ligurian ligurian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 210 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 211 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 212 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 213 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 214 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 215 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 216 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 217 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 218 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 219 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 220 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 221 Mirandese Mirandese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 222 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 223 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 224 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 225 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 226 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 227 Mozarabic mozarabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 228 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 229 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 230 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 231 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 232 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 233 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 234 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 235 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 236 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 237 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 238 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 239 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 240 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 241 post post NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 242 1500)-language 1500)-language CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 243 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 244 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 245 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 246 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 247 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 248 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 249 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 250 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 251 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 252 Piedmontese piedmontese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 253 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 254 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 255 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 256 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 257 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 258 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 259 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 260 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 261 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 262 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 263 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 264 Romagnol romagnol NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 265 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 266 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 267 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 268 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 269 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 270 Romanian romanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 271 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 272 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 273 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 274 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 275 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 276 Romansh Romansh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 277 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 278 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 279 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 280 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 281 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 282 Campidanese campidanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 283 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 284 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 285 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 286 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 287 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 288 Logudorese logudorese JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 289 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 290 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 291 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 292 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 293 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 294 Sassarese Sassarese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 295 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 296 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 297 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 298 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 299 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 300 Sicilian sicilian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 301 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 302 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 303 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 304 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 305 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 306 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 307 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 308 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 309 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 310 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 311 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 312 Venetian Venetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 313 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 314 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 315 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 316 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 317 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 318 Walloon Walloon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 319 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 320 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 321 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 322 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 323 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 324 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 325 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 326 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 327 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 328 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 329 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 330 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 331 Morisyen Morisyen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 332 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 333 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 334 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 335 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 336 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 337 Seselwa Seselwa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 338 Creole Creole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 339 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 340 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 341 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 342 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 343 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 344 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 345 Papiamento Papiamento NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 346 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 347 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 348 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 349 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 350 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 351 Kabuverdianu Kabuverdianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 352 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 353 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 354 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 355 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 356 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 357 Chavacano Chavacano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 358 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 359 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 360 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 361 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 362 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 363 Sardinian sardinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 364 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 365 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 366 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 367 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 368 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 369 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 370 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 371 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 372 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 373 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 374 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 375 accuracy accuracy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 376 disputes dispute VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 377 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 378 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 379 disputed dispute VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 380 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 381 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 382 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 383 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 384 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 385 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 386 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 387 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 388 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 389 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 390 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 391 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 392 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 393 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 394 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 395 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 396 weasel weasel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 397 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 398 worded word VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 399 phrases phrase NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 400 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 401 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 402 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 403 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 404 weasel weasel NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 405 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 406 worded word VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 407 phrases phrase NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 408 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 409 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 410 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 411 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 412 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 413 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 414 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 415 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 416 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 417 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 418 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 419 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 420 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 421 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 422 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 423 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 424 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 425 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 426 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 427 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 428 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 429 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 430 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 431 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 432 disputed dispute VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 433 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 434 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 435 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 436 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 437 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 438 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 439 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 440 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 441 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 442 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 443 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 444 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 445 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 446 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 447 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 448 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 449 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 450 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 451 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 452 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 453 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 454 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 455 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 456 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 457 SUDOC SUDOC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 458 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 459 Articles Articles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 460 citing cite VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 461 Nationalencyklopedin Nationalencyklopedin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 462 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 463 menu menu MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 464 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 465 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 466 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 467 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 468 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 469 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 470 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 471 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 472 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 473 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 474 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 475 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 476 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 477 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 478 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 479 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 480 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 481 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 482 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 483 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 484 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 485 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 486 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 487 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 488 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 489 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 490 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 491 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 492 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 493 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 494 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 495 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 496 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 497 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 498 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 499 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 500 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 501 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 502 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 503 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 504 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 505 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 506 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 507 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 508 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 509 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 510 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 511 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 512 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 513 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 514 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 515 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 516 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 517 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 518 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 519 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 520 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 521 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 522 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 523 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 524 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 525 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 526 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 527 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 528 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 529 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 530 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 531 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 532 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 533 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 534 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 535 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 536 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 537 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 538 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 539 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 540 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 541 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 542 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 543 Afrikaans Afrikaans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 544 Alemannisch Alemannisch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 545 አማርኛ አማርኛ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 546 العربية العربية NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 547 Aragonés aragonés JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 548 ܐܪܡܝܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 549 Arpetan Arpetan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 550 Asturianu Asturianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 551 Azərbaycanca Azərbaycanca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 552 تۆرکجه تۆرکجه NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 553 বাংলা বাংলা NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 554 Bân Bân NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 555 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 556 lâm lâm NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 557 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 558 gú gú NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 559 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 560 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 561 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 562 тарашкевіца)‎ тарашкевіца)‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 563 Bikol Bikol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 564 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 565 Български Български NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 566 Boarisch Boarisch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 567 བོད་ཡིག བོད་ཡིག NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 568 Bosanski Bosanski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 569 Brezhoneg Brezhoneg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 570 Català Català NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 571 Cebuano Cebuano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 572 Čeština Čeština NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 573 Corsu Corsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 574 Cymraeg Cymraeg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 575 Dansk Dansk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 576 Davvisámegiella Davvisámegiella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 577 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 578 Dolnoserbski Dolnoserbski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 579 Eesti Eesti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 580 Ελληνικά Ελληνικά NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 581 Emiliàn Emiliàn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 582 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 583 rumagnòl rumagnòl NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 584 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 585 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 586 Estremeñu Estremeñu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 587 Euskara Euskara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 588 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 589 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 590 Frysk Frysk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 591 Furlan Furlan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 592 Gaeilge Gaeilge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 593 Gaelg Gaelg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 594 Gàidhlig Gàidhlig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 595 Galego Galego NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 596 客家語 客家語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 597 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 598 Hak Hak NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 599 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 600 kâ kâ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 601 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 602 ngî ngî NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 603 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 604 Hawaiʻi Hawaiʻi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 605 Հայերեն Հայերեն NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 606 हिन्दी हिन्दी NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 607 Hornjoserbsce Hornjoserbsce NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 608 Hrvatski Hrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 609 Ido Ido NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 610 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 611 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 612 Interlingua Interlingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 613 Interlingue Interlingue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 614 Ирон Ирон NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 615 Íslenska Íslenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 616 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 617 עברית עברית NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 618 Jawa Jawa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 619 ქართული ქართული NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 620 Қазақша Қазақша NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 621 Kernowek Kernowek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 622 Kiswahili Kiswahili NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 623 Kreyòl Kreyòl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 624 ayisyen ayisyen NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 625 Kurdî Kurdî NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 626 Кыргызча Кыргызча NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 627 Ladin Ladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 628 Ladino Ladino NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 629 ລາວ ລາວ VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 630 لۊری لۊری NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 631 شومالی شومالی NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 632 Latina Latina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 633 Latviešu Latviešu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 634 Lëtzebuergesch Lëtzebuergesch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 635 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 636 Ligure Ligure NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 637 Limburgs Limburgs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 638 Lingua Lingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 639 Franca Franca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 640 Nova Nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 641 Lumbaart Lumbaart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 642 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 643 Македонски Македонски NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 644 Malagasy Malagasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 645 മലയാളം മലയാളം IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 646 Malti Malti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 647 मराठी मराठी NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 648 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 649 Melayu Melayu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 650 Nāhuatl Nāhuatl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 651 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 652 日本語 日本語 NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 653 Napulitano Napulitano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 654 Nordfriisk Nordfriisk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 655 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 656 bokmål bokmål NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 657 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 658 nynorsk nynorsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 659 Nouormand Nouormand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 660 Novial Novial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 661 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 662 Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 663 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 664 پنجابی پنجابی NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 665 Papiamentu Papiamentu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 666 Patois Patois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 667 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 668 Piemontèis Piemontèis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 669 Polski Polski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 670 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 671 Română Română NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 672 Romani Romani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 673 čhib čhib FW en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 674 Rumantsch Rumantsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 675 Runa Runa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 676 Simi Simi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 677 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 678 ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 679 Sardu Sardu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 680 Scots Scots NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 681 Seeltersk Seeltersk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 682 Shqip Shqip NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 683 Sicilianu Sicilianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 684 Simple Simple NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 685 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 686 Slovenčina Slovenčina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 687 Slovenščina Slovenščina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 688 Словѣньскъ Словѣньскъ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 689 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 690 ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 691 Српски Српски NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 692 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 693 srpski srpski JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 694 Srpskohrvatski Srpskohrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 695 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 696 српскохрватски српскохрватски NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 697 Suomi Suomi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 698 Svenska Svenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 699 Tagalog Tagalog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 700 தமிழ் தமிழ் NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 701 Taqbaylit Taqbaylit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 702 Татарча Татарча NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 703 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 704 tatarça tatarça NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 705 ไทย ไทย NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 706 Türkçe Türkçe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 707 Українська Українська NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 708 اردو اردو NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 709 Tiếng Tiếng NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 710 Việt Việt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 711 Volapük Volapük NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 712 Walon Walon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 713 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 714 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 715 Vlams Vlams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 716 吴语 吴语 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 717 粵語 粵語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 718 Zazaki Zazaki NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 719 Zeêuws Zeêuws NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 720 中文 中文 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 721 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 722 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 723 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 724 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 725 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 726 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 727 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 728 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 729 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 730 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 731 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 732 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 733 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 734 17:51 17:51 CD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 735   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 736 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 737 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 738 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4030 1041 739 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-4030 1042 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1043 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 9 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 10 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 12 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1044 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4030 1045 13 statement statement NN