id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 1 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 4 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 5 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 8 Decline Decline NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 11 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 12 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 13 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 14 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 17 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 18 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 19 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 21 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 22 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 24 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 25 Map Map NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 28 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 30 borders border NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 33 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 34 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 1 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 2 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 3 represented represent VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 5 476 476 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 7 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 10 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 11 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 12 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 14 Basiliscus Basiliscus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 15 deposed depose VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 17 Zeno Zeno NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 18 restored restore VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 21 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 23 Justinian Justinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 24 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 26 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 27 reclamations reclamation NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 29 Ostrogothic Ostrogothic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 30 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 33 717 717 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 35 Leo Leo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 36 III iii CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 37 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 39 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 40 Arab arab JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 41 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 44 867 867 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 46 Basil Basil NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 47 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 48 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 49 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 52 1025 1025 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 53 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 54 Basil Basil NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 55 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 56 dies die VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 57 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 58 Constantine Constantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 59 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 60 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 61 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 64 1095 1095 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 66 Alexius Alexius NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 67 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 68 Comnenus Comnenus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 69 requests request VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 70 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 71 aid aid NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 72 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 73 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 74 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 75 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 78 1170 1170 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 79 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 80 Amalric Amalric NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 81 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 82 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 83 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 84 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 85 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 87 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 88 1270 1270 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 89 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 90 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 91 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 92 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 93 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 94 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 95 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 96 1400 1400 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 97 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 98 Closing closing NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 99 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 100 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 101 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 102 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 103 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 104 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 105 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 2 106 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 2 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 3 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 4 experienced experience VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 5 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 6 cycles cycle NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 8 growth growth NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 10 decay decay VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 11 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 13 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 15 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 17 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 18 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 20 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 21 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 22 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 23 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 25 Arab arab JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 26 conquests conquest NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 29 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 3 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 3 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 4 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 5 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 6 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 9 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 12 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 14 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 15 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 16 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 19 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 20 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 4 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 7 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 8 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 10 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 11 experienced experience VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 13 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 14 catastrophe catastrophe NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 17 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 20 heartland heartland NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 21 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 23 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 25 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 28 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 29 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 30 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 32 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 34 Manzikert Manzikert NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 36 ensuing ensue VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 37 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 38 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 5 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 3 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 4 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 7 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 8 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 9 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 10 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 11 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 13 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 16 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 17 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 19 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 21 faced face VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 22 repeated repeated JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 23 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 26 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 29 Balkans Balkans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 6 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 2 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 3 created create VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 5 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 7 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 8 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 9 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 10 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 12 call call VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 15 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 17 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 20 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 23 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 24 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 7 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 3 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 4 concessions concession NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 7 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 8 Republics Republics NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 10 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 12 Genoa Genoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 13 weakened weaken VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 15 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 17 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 18 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 20 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 21 finances finance NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 23 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 26 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 27 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 28 onward onward RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 30 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 31 tensions tension NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 34 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 35 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 38 Sack Sack NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 40 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 43 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 46 Fourth Fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 47 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 49 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 52 dismemberment dismemberment NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 55 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 8 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 3 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 5 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 6 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 7 successor successor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 8 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 9 survived survive VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 11 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 12 reclaimed reclaim VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 13 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 15 1261 1261 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 18 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 20 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 21 severely severely RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 22 weakened weaken VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 9 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 3 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 7 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 9 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 10 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 12 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 13 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 14 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 15 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 18 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 19 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 21 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 22 conquered conquer VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 24 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 25 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 26 heartland heartland NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 27 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 29 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 32 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 34 15th 15th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 35 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 37 culminating culminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 40 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 42 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 45 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 47 Sultan Sultan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 48 Mehmed Mehmed NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 50 Conqueror Conqueror NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 52 1453 1453 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 10 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 3 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 5 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 6 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 7 Causes Causes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 10 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 11 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 12 Civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 13 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 14 2.2 2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 15 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 18 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 19 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 20 2.3 2.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 21 Increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 22 reliance reliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 24 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 25 2.4 2.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 26 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 28 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 29 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 30 revenue revenue NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 31 2.5 2.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 32 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 33 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 34 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 37 Churches Churches NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 38 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 39 Conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 40 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 41 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 43 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 44 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 45 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 46 3.2 3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 47 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 50 Seljuks Seljuks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 52 Ottomans Ottomans NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 53 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 54 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 55 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 56 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 57 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 58 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 59 Bibliography Bibliography NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 60 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 61 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 62 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 63 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 64 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 65 decline[edit decline[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 66 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 67 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 68 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 69 needs need VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 70 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 71 citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 72 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 73 verification verification NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 11 74 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 2 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 3 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 5 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 7 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 8 citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 10 reliable reliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 11 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 12 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 1 Unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 2 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 5 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 7 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 13 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 3 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 6 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 11 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 13 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 14 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 16 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 17 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 19 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 22 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 23 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 24 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 25 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 26 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 27 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 28 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 29 agreed agree VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 31 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 33 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 34 played play VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 36 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 39 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 42 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 43 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 44 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 45 summarised summarise VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 46 below below IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 47 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 48 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 49 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 51 Manzikert Manzikert NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 53 1071 1071 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 55 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 56 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 57 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 58 Romanos Romanos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 59 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 60 Diogenes Diogenes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 61 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 62 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 64 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 66 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 67 Sultan Sultan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 68 Alp Alp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 69 Arslan Arslan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 14 70 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 2 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 3 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 6 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 7 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 8 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 9 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 10 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 11 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 15 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 16 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 17 revolts revolt NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 18 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 19 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 15 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 2 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 4 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 9 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 10 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 13 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 14 factions faction NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 18 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 19 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 20 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 22 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 23 occupation occupation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 25 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 26 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 28 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 16 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 2 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 3 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 6 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 8 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 9 Melissenos Melissenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 11 1080 1080 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 16 towns town NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 17 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 19 occupied occupy VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 21 garrisoned garrison VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 23 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 24 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 26 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 28 Phrygia Phrygia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 30 Galatia Galatia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 33 Bithynia Bithynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 34 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 37 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 38 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 39 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 41 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 42 ended end VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 44 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 45 Nicaea Nicaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 49 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 50 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 51 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 53 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 56 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 57 Sultanate Sultanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 59 Rum Rum NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 17 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 2 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 4 Myriokephalon Myriokephalon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 6 1176 1176 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 12 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 14 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 15 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 16 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 17 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 18 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 20 capture capture VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 22 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 23 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 25 Konya Konya NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 29 ambushed ambush VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 32 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 33 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 34 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 36 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 37 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 39 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 41 Turkish Turkish NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 42 Sultan Sultan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 43 Kilij Kilij NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 44 Arslan Arslan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 45 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 18 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 2 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 4 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 5 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 6 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 7 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 8 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 10 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 12 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 14 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 15 plans plan NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 17 recover recover VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 18 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 19 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 22 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 25 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 26 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 28 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 29 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 32 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 33 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 37 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 38 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 39 international international JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 40 reputation reputation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 19 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 3 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 4 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 5 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 7 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 9 1180 1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 12 Seljuks Seljuks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 13 built build VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 16 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 18 expanding expand VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 20 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 21 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 23 expense expense NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 26 Byzantines Byzantines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 28 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 29 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 31 teenage teenage JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 32 successor successor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 33 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 34 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 35 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 36 overthrown overthrow VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 39 coup coup NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 20 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 2 Sack Sack NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 6 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 7 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 9 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 10 partitioned partition VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 13 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 15 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 18 Crusader Crusader NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 19 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 20 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 22 Boniface Boniface NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 23 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 25 Marquess Marquess NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 27 Montferrat Montferrat NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 21 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 2 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 3 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 4 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 6 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 8 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 10 Baldwin Baldwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 11 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 13 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 14 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 22 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 2 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 3 successor successor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 4 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 5 emerged emerge VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 7 Nicaea Nicaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 9 Trebizond Trebizond NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 11 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 14 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 15 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 17 reclaim reclaim VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 19 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 21 1261 1261 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 23 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 24 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 25 cite cite VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 27 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 30 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 33 fatal fatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 34 blow blow NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 37 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 38 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 23 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 2 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 3 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 4 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 7 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 8 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 10 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 12 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 13 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 14 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 16 1321–1328 1321–1328 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 19 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 20 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 21 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 23 1341–1347 1341–1347 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 26 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 27 destroyed destroy VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 28 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 29 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 30 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 32 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 33 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 34 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 24 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 2 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 4 Gallipoli Gallipoli NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 6 1354 1354 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 7 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 9 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 10 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 11 cross cross NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 12 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 17 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 19 powerless powerless JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 21 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 22 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 25 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 2 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 5 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 7 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 8 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 11 Donald Donald NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 12 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 13 Nicol Nicol NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 17 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 19 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 20 return return NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 23 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 24 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 26 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 28 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 29 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 30 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 31 virtually virtually RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 32 inevitable inevitable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 26 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 1 Causes cause NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 4 decline[edit decline[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 6 Civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 7 wars[edit wars[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 9 Probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 11 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 12 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 13 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 14 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 16 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 18 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 21 recurrent recurrent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 22 debilitating debilitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 23 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 24 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 27 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 28 1 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coincided coincide VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 10 catastrophic catastrophic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 11 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 13 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 14 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 16 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 20 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 21 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 22 reversed reverse VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 23 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 25 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 26 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 29 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 2 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 4 1071 1071 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 6 1081 1081 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 7 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 8 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 9 revolts revolt NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 11 1072 1072 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 13 Uprising uprising NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 15 Georgi Georgi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 16 Voiteh Voiteh NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 17 1073–1074 1073–1074 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 19 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 21 Roussel Roussel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 22 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 23 Bailleul Bailleul NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 24 proclaims proclaim VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 25 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 26 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 27 Doukas Doukas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 28 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 30 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 1 1077–1078 1077–1078 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 3 Revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 5 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 6 usurpation usurpation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 8 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 9 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 10 Botaneiates Botaneiates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 31 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 1 1077–1078 1077–1078 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 3 Revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 5 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 6 Bryennios Bryennios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 8 Elder elder NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 9 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 10 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 11 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 12 Doukas Doukas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 14 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 15 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 17 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 20 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 22 Kalavrye Kalavrye NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 32 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 1 1078 1078 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 3 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 5 Philaretos Philaretos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 6 Brachamios Brachamios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 8 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 9 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 10 Doukas Doukas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 33 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 1 1078 1078 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 3 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 5 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 6 Basilakes Basilakes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 8 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 9 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 34 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 1 1080–1081 1080–1081 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 3 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 5 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 6 Melissenos Melissenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 8 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 9 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 35 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 1 1081 1081 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 3 Revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 5 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 6 usurpation usurpation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 8 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 9 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 10 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 36 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 3 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 6 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 8 secure secure JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 9 dynastic dynastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 10 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 13 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 14 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 17 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 18 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 20 1081 1081 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 21 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 22 1118 1118 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 25 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 26 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 27 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 29 1118 1118 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 30 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 31 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 34 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 35 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 36 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 38 1143 1143 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 39 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 40 1180 1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 37 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 1 Cumulatively cumulatively RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 4 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 5 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 7 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 9 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 10 restore restore VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 12 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 14 fortunes fortune NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 17 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 18 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 20 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 22 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 23 undo undo VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 25 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 26 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 29 instability instability NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 30 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 32 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 35 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 36 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 38 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 39 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 41 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 42 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 43 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 45 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 47 1071 1071 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 38 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 3 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 5 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 6 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 8 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 9 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 10 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 11 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 12 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 14 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 16 1180 1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 39 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 1 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 3 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 4 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 5 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 6 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 8 overthrown overthrow VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 10 1183 1183 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 12 Andronikos Andronikos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 13 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 14 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 16 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 17 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 19 terror terror NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 20 destabilised destabilise VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 22 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 23 internally internally RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 25 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 27 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 28 overthrow overthrow NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 30 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 32 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 34 1185 1185 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 40 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 2 Angelos Angelos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 3 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 4 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 5 ruled rule VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 6 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 8 1185 1185 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 10 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 11 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 13 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 14 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 17 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 18 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 20 ineffectual ineffectual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 21 administrations administration NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 24 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 26 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 41 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 3 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 5 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 7 Serbia Serbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 9 Croatia Croatia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 10 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 11 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 14 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 16 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 17 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 19 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 22 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 23 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 42 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 2 1203 1203 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 5 imprisoned imprison VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 6 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 7 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 8 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 9 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 10 Angelos Angelos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 11 escaped escape VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 12 jail jail NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 14 fled flee VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 17 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 19 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 20 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 21 promised promise VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 23 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 26 Fourth Fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 27 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 28 generous generous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 29 payment payment NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 30 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 32 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 33 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 34 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 35 regain regain VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 37 throne throne NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 43 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 2 promises promise NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 3 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 4 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 7 impossible impossible JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 9 keep keep VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 13 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 16 dynastic dynastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 17 squabbling squabble VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 20 weak weak JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 22 ineffectual ineffectual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 23 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 26 Angelid angelid JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 27 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 28 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 29 about about RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 31 Sack Sack NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 33 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 35 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 36 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 37 burned burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 39 pillaged pillage VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 41 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 43 thousands thousand NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 45 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 46 citizens citizen NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 47 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 48 killed kill VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 50 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 53 surviving survive VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 54 inhabitants inhabitant NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 55 fled flee VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 58 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 59 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 61 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 62 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 63 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 64 depopulated depopulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 65 ruin ruin NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 44 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 2 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 4 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 6 incalculable incalculable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 9 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 10 point point VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 13 moment moment NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 16 fatal fatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 17 blow blow NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 20 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 22 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 45 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 3 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 5 reformed reform VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 7 1261 1261 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 10 recapture recapture NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 13 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 15 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 18 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 20 Nicaea Nicaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 23 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 25 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 26 reversed reverse VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 29 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 30 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 31 returned return VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 33 anywhere anywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 34 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 35 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 36 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 37 territorial territorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 38 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 40 wealth wealth NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 42 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 43 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 46 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 2 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 3 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 5 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 6 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 7 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 8 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 11 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 47 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 1 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 2 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 3 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 5 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 6 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 8 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 9 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 10 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 11 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 13 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 15 Serbian serbian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 17 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 18 Catalan Catalan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 19 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 21 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 22 operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 23 independently independently RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 24 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 26 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 27 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 30 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 31 raiding raid VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 33 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 34 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 35 lands land NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 38 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 40 ruined ruin VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 42 domestic domestic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 43 economy economy NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 45 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 47 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 48 virtually virtually RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 49 powerless powerless JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 51 overrun overrun NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 52 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 53 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 54 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 48 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 1 Conflicts conflict NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 2 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 3 Andronikos Andronikos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 4 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 6 Andronikos Andronikos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 7 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 10 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 11 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 13 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 14 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 15 Kantakouzenos Kantakouzenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 17 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 18 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 19 Palaiologos Palaiologos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 21 marked mark VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 23 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 24 ruin ruin NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 26 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 49 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 2 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 3 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 4 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 6 1321–1328 1321–1328 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 7 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 9 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 11 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 12 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 13 gains gain NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 15 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 17 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 18 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 20 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 22 Bursa Bursa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 23 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 24 kilometers kilometer NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 26 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 28 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 29 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 30 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 50 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 2 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 3 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 5 1341–1347 1341–1347 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 6 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 7 exploitation exploitation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 10 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 11 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 14 Serbs Serbs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 16 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 17 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 18 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 19 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 22 chaos chaos NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 24 proclaim proclaim VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 25 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 26 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 29 Serbs Serbs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 31 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 51 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 2 Serbian serbian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 3 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 4 Stefan Stefan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 5 Uroš Uroš NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 6 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 7 Dušan Dušan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 8 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 9 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 10 territorial territorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 11 gains gain NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 13 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 14 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 16 1345 1345 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 18 conquered conquer VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 19 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 20 swathes swathe NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 22 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 24 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 26 1348 1348 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 52 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 5 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 7 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 9 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 10 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 12 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 13 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 15 Kantakouzenos Kantakouzenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 16 hired hire VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 17 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 18 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 53 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 3 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 10 1352 1352 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 12 seized seize VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 13 Gallipoli Gallipoli NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 16 Byzantines byzantine NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 54 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 4 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 5 1354 1354 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 8 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 10 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 11 consisted consist VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 13 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 15 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 18 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 20 Thessaloniki Thessaloniki NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 23 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 24 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 27 Morea Morea NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 55 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 1 Fall fall VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 4 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 5 system[edit system[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 7 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 8 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 10 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 12 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 13 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 15 Komnenian komnenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 16 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 17 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 18 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 19 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 21 cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 22 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 23 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 56 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 1 Please please UH en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 2 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 3 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 5 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 7 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 8 citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 10 reliable reliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 11 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 57 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 1 Unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 2 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 5 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 7 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 58 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 3 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 6 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 11 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 13 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 14 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 17 disintegration disintegration NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 20 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 21 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 23 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 24 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 25 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 28 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 29 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 30 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 31 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 33 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 35 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 37 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 38 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 59 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 1 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 3 arrangement arrangement NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 8 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 9 heyday heyday NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 11 circa circa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 12 650 650 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 14 1025 1025 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 17 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 19 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 20 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 21 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 22 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 23 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 24 contributed contribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 25 locally locally RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 26 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 27 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 30 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 31 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 60 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 2 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 3 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 5 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 6 means mean NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 8 cheaply cheaply RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 9 mobilizing mobilize VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 10 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 11 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 13 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 17 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 20 comparatively comparatively RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 21 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 23 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 24 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 25 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 27 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 30 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 32 Thrakesion Thrakesion NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 33 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 34 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 35 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 36 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 37 9,600 9,600 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 38 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 41 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 42 902–936 902–936 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 44 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 45 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 61 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 4 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 5 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 6 onwards onwards RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 9 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 12 allowed allow VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 14 decay decay VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 62 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 2 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 4 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 5 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 8 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 10 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 13 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 16 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 18 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 19 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 63 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 3 12th 12th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 7 Komnenian komnenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 8 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 9 re re NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 10 - - VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 11 established establish VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 13 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 14 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 15 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 64 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 1 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 2 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 3 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 6 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 9 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 11 muster muster VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 13 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 15 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 16 40,000 40,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 17 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 65 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 4 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 5 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 7 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 8 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 11 viable viable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 14 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 15 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 19 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 22 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 23 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 24 depended depend VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 25 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 26 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 27 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 28 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 31 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 33 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 34 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 35 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 37 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 66 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 2 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 4 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 5 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 7 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 9 1185 1185 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 10 revealed reveal VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 12 inadequacy inadequacy NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 15 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 67 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 3 deposition deposition NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 5 Andronikos Andronikos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 6 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 7 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 9 1185 1185 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 12 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 15 Angeloi Angeloi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 16 oversaw oversee VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 18 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 20 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 68 21 decline 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en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 25 efforts effort NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 27 sustain sustain VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 29 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 30 exposed expose VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 32 limitations limitation NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 35 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 36 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 37 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 38 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 40 dependent dependent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 41 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 42 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 43 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 44 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 45 competent competent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 46 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 47 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 48 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 50 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 69 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 1 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 3 restoration restoration NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 6 Palaiologoi Palaiologoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 8 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 10 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 11 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 13 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 14 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 17 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 20 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 70 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 3 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 7 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 8 army army NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 9 numbered number VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 11 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 12 6,000 6,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 13 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 71 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 2 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 5 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 6 institutional institutional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 7 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 10 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 11 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 14 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 17 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 18 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 19 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 21 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 22 lacking lack VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 24 underlying underlie VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 25 structural structural JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 26 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 72 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 1 Increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 2 reliance reliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 4 mercenaries[edit mercenaries[edit NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 6 As as RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 7 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 8 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 11 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 13 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 15 Belisarius Belisarius NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 17 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 18 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 20 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 22 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 73 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 5 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 6 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 7 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 11 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 12 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 13 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 14 occurrence,[4 occurrence,[4 NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 17 reliance reliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 22 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 23 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 25 damage damage VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 26 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 28 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 31 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 32 institutions institution NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 34 dramatically dramatically RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 35 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 38 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 40 13th 13th NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 42 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 45 15th 15th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 46 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 74 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 2 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 3 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 4 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 5 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 6 tensions tension NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 8 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 11 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 12 factions faction NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 75 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 2 5][6 5][6 VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 4 Until until IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 6 mid mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 7 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 8 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 10 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 12 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 14 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 16 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 19 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 20 Factions Factions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 22 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 23 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 25 Basil Basil NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 26 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 29 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 30 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 31 Tzimiskes,[7 tzimiskes,[7 VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 33 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 35 crisis crisis NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 37 Basil Basil NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 38 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 39 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 40 succession succession NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 41 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 43 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 44 uncertainty uncertainty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 47 future future NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 49 politics politic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 76 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 5 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 6 demanded demand VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 7 Constantine Constantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 8 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 10 daughters daughter NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 11 ascend ascend VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 14 throne throne NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 16 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 19 relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 21 Basil Basil NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 22 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 24 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 27 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 29 marriages marriage NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 32 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 33 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 34 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 36 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 37 faction faction NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 77 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 5 culminated culminate VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 8 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 9 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 11 Manzikert Manzikert NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 78 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 2 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 3 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 4 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 5 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 8 tensions tension NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 10 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 13 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 14 factions faction NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 15 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 17 zenith zenith NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 20 demand demand NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 22 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 23 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 26 hiring hiring NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 28 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 29 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 79 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 2 8 8 LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 5 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 6 aided aid VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 9 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 10 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 12 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 14 drawing draw VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 15 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 16 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 17 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 18 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 20 interior interior NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 23 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 27 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 29 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 30 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 31 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 32 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 34 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 35 politics politic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 80 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 2 interventions intervention NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 4 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 6 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 7 destabilization destabilization NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 10 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 81 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 2 8][9 8][9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 4 Reliance Reliance NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 6 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 7 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 8 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 11 sponsorship sponsorship NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 13 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 14 motives motive NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 16 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 17 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 18 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 20 Komnenoi Komnenoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 21 Restoration Restoration NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 23 Alexius Alexius NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 24 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 25 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 26 Turkish turkish JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 27 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 30 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 31 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 32 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 33 participated participate VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 36 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 37 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 38 Botaneiates Botaneiates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 82 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 5 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 7 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 8 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 9 Angelos Angelos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 10 relied rely VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 12 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 13 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 15 claim claim VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 17 throne throne NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 19 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 21 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 24 sack sack NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 26 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 30 creation creation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 33 successor successor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 34 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 83 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 1 Loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 3 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 4 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 5 revenue[edit revenue[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 7 Economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 8 concessions concession NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 11 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 12 Republics Republics NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 14 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 16 Genoa Genoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 17 weakened weaken VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 19 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 21 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 22 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 23 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 24 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 25 finances finance NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 27 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 30 ascension ascension NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 32 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 33 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 34 Palaiologos palaiologo VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 37 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 38 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 39 onward onward RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 84 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 6 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 8 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 10 seek seek VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 11 sponsorship sponsorship NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 13 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 15 Genoa Genoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 19 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 85 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 2 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 5 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 7 disastrous disastrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 8 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 9 deals deal NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 12 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 13 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 15 drying dry VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 16 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 17 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 20 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 22 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 23 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 25 revenue revenue NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 86 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 5 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 6 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 8 competition competition NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 10 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 13 Genoa Genoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 15 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 16 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 19 throne throne NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 20 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 21 supported support VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 23 respective respective JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 24 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 25 agenda agenda NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 28 detriment detriment NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 33 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 34 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 35 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 37 instability instability NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 40 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 41 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 42 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 87 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 4 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 6 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 9 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 10 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 11 Genoese Genoese NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 88 12 War War NNP 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CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 4 percent percent NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 6 collected collect VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 9 Genoese Genoese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 12 colony colony NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 14 Galata Galata NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 89 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 4 Genoa Genoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 5 collected collect VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 6 200,000 200,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 7 hyperpyra hyperpyra NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 9 annual annual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 10 custom custom NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 11 revenues revenue NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 13 Galata Galata NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 16 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 17 collected collect VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 19 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 20 30,000 30,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 90 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 5 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 7 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 8 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 9 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 10 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 11 revenue revenue NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 12 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 13 drastically drastically RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 14 weakened weaken VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 16 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 17 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 19 hastening hasten VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 21 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 91 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 3 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 4 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 9 Pronoia Pronoia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 11 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 12 grants grant NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 14 exchange exchange NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 16 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 17 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 20 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 21 increasingly increasingly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 22 corrupt corrupt JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 24 dysfunctional dysfunctional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 27 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 28 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 33 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 34 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 35 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 38 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 92 39 's 's POS 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en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 9 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 12 placed place VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 13 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 14 reliance reliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 16 unreliable unreliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 17 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 20 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 21 hasted haste VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 23 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 24 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 25 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 93 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 2 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 3 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 6 Churches[edit churches[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 8 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 9 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 10 Kantakouzenos Kantakouzenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 11 presiding preside VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 12 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 14 synod synod NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 16 Orthodox Orthodox NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 17 clergy clergy NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 19 1351 1351 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 94 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 1 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 3 return return NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 5 Orthodoxy Orthodoxy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 7 1282 1282 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 95 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 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en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 18 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 19 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 20 Palaiologos Palaiologos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 21 signed sign VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 23 union union NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 26 Catholic catholic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 27 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 30 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 34 hope hope NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 36 staving stave VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 37 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 38 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 39 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 96 41 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34 materialise materialise VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 101 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 6 union union NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 8 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 10 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 11 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 13 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 17 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 18 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 21 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-8998 102 22 populace populace NN 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en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 29 Palaiologina Palaiologina NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 30 Kantakouzene Kantakouzene NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 32 Tsarina Tsarina NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 35 Bulgars Bulgars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 38 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 39 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 40 intrigued intrigue VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 41 unsuccessfully unsuccessfully RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 42 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 43 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 103 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 1 More more RBR en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 2 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 5 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 8 sons son NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 10 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 12 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 14 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 15 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 16 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 17 Doukas Doukas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 20 half half JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 22 brother brother NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 23 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 25 Bastard Bastard NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 27 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 28 posed pose VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 31 defenders defender NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 33 Orthodoxy Orthodoxy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 35 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 36 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 39 anti anti NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 40 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 41 unionists unionists JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 42 fleeing flee VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 43 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 104 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 1 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 2 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 3 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 4 responded respond VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 6 comparative comparative JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 7 leniency leniency NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 9 hoping hope VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 11 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 13 anti anti NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 14 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 15 unionists unionists JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 16 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 17 persuasion persuasion NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 20 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 22 virulence virulence NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 25 protests protest NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 26 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 27 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 29 resort resort VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 31 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 105 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 2 anti anti NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 3 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 4 unionists unionist NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 6 blinded blind VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 8 exiled exile VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 106 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 1 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 2 prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 3 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 5 Meletios Meletios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 7 Ignatios Ignatios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 10 punished punish VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 13 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 15 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 16 tongue tongue NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 17 cut cut VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 18 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 21 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 23 blinded blinded JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 107 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 2 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 3 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 5 harshly harshly RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 6 treated treat VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 10 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 11 penalty penalty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 13 decreed decree VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 14 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 16 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 17 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 19 possessing possess VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 20 pamphlets pamphlet NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 21 directed direct VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 22 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 24 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 108 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 7 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 9 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 10 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 12 tantamount tantamount VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 13 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 15 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 16 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 19 concludes conclude VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 20 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 24 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 25 appear appear VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 27 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 28 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 30 price price NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 31 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 32 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 33 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 34 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 36 sake sake NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 38 union union NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 109 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 3 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 6 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 7 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 8 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 9 worsened worsen VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 11 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 110 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 2 Arsenite Arsenite NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 3 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 4 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 5 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 6 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 7 amongst amongst IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 9 discontented discontent VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 12 Anatolian anatolian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 13 provinces province NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 16 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 17 responded respond VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 18 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 20 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 21 viciousness viciousness NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 23 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 25 Vryonis Vryonis NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 28 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 29 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 30 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 31 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 32 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 35 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 37 else else RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 39 alienated alienated JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 41 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 42 deserted desert VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 45 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 111 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 5 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 7 clear clear VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 9 encroaching encroach VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 10 Turkmen Turkmen NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 13 Meaender Meaender NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 14 valley valley NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 16 1278 1278 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 17 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 18 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 19 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 22 Antioch Antioch NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 25 Maeander Maeander NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 27 irretrievably irretrievably RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 28 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 30 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 31 Tralles Tralles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 33 Nyssa Nyssa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 34 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 35 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 36 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 112 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 6 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 7 1277 1277 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 9 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 11 Bastard Bastard NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 12 convoked convoke VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 14 synod synod NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 16 Neopatras Neopatras NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 18 anathematized anathematize VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 20 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 22 Patriarch Patriarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 25 Pope Pope NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 27 heretics heretic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 113 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 5 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 8 synod synod NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 10 convoked convoke VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 13 Hagia Hagia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 14 Sophia Sophia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 16 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 17 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 18 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 19 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 20 Nikephoros Nikephoros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 22 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 24 anathematized anathematize VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 26 return return NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 114 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 1 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 2 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 4 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 5 synod synod NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 7 Neopatras Neopatras NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 9 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 10 1277 1277 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 14 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 16 unionist unionist JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 17 council council NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 19 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 20 bishops bishop NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 23 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 24 abbots abbot NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 27 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 28 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 29 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 31 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 32 anathematized anathematize VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 34 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 36 Patriarch Patriarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 39 Pope Pope NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 115 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 4 Conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 6 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 8 Turks[edit turks[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 10 Crusaders[edit crusaders[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 12 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 14 Crusades Crusades NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 15 assisted assist VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 16 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 18 driving drive VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 19 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 20 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 23 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 25 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 26 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 27 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 28 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 30 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 31 assistance assistance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 32 envisaged envisage VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 33 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 34 Alexios Alexios NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 116 35 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 3 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 5 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 6 necessities necessity NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 9 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 10 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 12 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 15 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 17 focussed focusse VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 20 quest quest NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 22 re re JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 23 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 24 conquering conquer VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 25 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 28 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 30 returning return VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 31 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 33 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 36 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 37 established establish VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 38 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 39 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 40 principalities principality NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 42 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 44 territorial territorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 45 rival rival NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 46 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 47 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 48 interests interest NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 50 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 51 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 52 right right NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 117 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 3 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 4 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 5 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 7 Third Third NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 8 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 10 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 11 induced induce VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 12 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 13 Isaac Isaac NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 14 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 15 Angelos Angelos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 17 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 19 secret secret JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 20 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 22 Saladin Saladin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 24 impede impede VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 26 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 28 Frederick Frederick NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 29 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 31 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 32 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 33 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 34 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 35 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 37 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 38 erupted erupt VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 41 Fourth Fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 42 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 44 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 47 Sack Sack NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 49 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 51 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 118 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 1 Constantinople constantinople NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 3 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 4 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 6 Crusader Crusader NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 7 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 9 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 12 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 13 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 15 historiography historiography NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 20 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 21 perspective perspective NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 23 Frankokratia Frankokratia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 26 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 29 Franks Franks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 119 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 1 Vestiges vestige NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 3 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 4 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 6 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 8 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 9 principalities principality NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 12 Nicaean Nicaean NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 13 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 15 Trebizond Trebizond NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 17 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 120 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 1 Much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 4 Nicaean Nicaean NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 5 Emperors Emperors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 6 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 7 efforts effort NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 8 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 9 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 11 combating combat VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 13 Latins Latins NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 16 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 17 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 18 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 20 returned return VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 22 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 23 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 24 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 26 Palaiologoi Palaiologoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 28 1261 1261 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 31 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 32 exerted exert VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 33 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 35 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 36 efforts effort NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 37 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 38 defeating defeat VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 39 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 40 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 41 neighbours neighbour NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 43 contributing contribute VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 46 eventual eventual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 47 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 50 Crusades Crusades NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 51 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 52 1291 1291 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 121 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 1 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 4 Seljuks Seljuks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 6 Ottomans[edit ottomans[edit RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 9 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 11 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 12 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 13 Seljuq seljuq NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 14 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 15 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 16 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 18 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 20 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 21 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 22 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 23 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 24 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 26 Komnenian komnenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 27 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 31 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 33 expel expel VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 35 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 36 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 37 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 38 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 40 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 42 preoccupation preoccupation NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 45 Nicaean nicaean JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 46 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 47 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 49 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 51 recover recover VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 52 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 53 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 54 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 55 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 56 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 57 diverted divert VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 58 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 59 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 60 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 61 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 63 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 65 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 122 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 2 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 5 weakening weakening NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 8 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 9 defenses defense NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 12 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 17 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 19 insufficient insufficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 20 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 22 incompetent incompetent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 23 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 25 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 28 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 29 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 31 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 33 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 34 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 35 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 36 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 39 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 41 1338 1338 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 123 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 2 disintegration disintegration NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 5 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 6 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 7 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 10 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 13 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 14 Turks Turks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 124 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 3 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 4 leader leader NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 6 Osman Osman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 7 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 8 Bey Bey NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 10 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 11 attracted attract VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 12 Ghazi Ghazi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 13 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 15 carved carve VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 16 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 18 domain domain NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 20 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 22 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 23 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 24 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 125 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 4 Attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 7 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 8 Emperors Emperors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 10 drive drive VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 11 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 13 Ottomans Ottomans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 15 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 18 ceased cease VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 20 1329 1329 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 23 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 25 Pelekanon Pelekanon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 126 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 1 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 3 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 5 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 6 disputes dispute NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 9 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 10 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 13 Ottomans Ottomans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 14 subjugated subjugate VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 16 Byzantines Byzantines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 18 vassals vassal NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 21 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 22 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 23 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 25 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 27 relieve relieve VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 28 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 29 vassal vassal NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 30 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 31 culminated culminate VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 34 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 36 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 38 1453 1453 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 127 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 2 also[edit also[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 4 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 5 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 6 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 7 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 8 Dark Dark NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 9 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 12 7th–8th 7th–8th CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 13 centuries centurie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 14 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 16 Lombard Lombard NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 17 Wars Wars NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 18 Byzantine byzantine NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 19 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 20 Seljuq seljuq IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 21 wars war VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 22 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 23 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 24 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 26 Doukas Doukas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 27 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 28 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 29 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 30 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 32 Angelos Angelos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 33 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 34 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 35 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 36 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 38 Palaiologos Palaiologos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 39 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 40 Notes[edit notes[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 42 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 43 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 44 Browning Browning NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 46 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 47 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 48 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 50 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 51 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 52 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 53 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 54 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 55 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 56 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 58 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 59 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 61 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 64 240 240 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 128 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 2 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 3 Browning Browning NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 6 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 7 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 9 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 10 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 11 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 13 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 14 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 15 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 17 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 18 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 20 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 23 241 241 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 129 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 2 Procopius Procopius NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 6 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 7 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 8 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 10 Justinian Justinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 11 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 12 Constance Constance NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 13 Head Head NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 14 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 16 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 17 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 18 Chronographia Chronographia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 19 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 20 Psellos Psellos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 21 ^ ^ VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 22 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 23 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 24 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 25 Attaleiites Attaleiites NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 26 ^ ^ VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 27 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 28 Synopsis synopsis NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 30 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 31 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 32 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 33 Skylitzes Skylitzes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 34 ^ ^ VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 36 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 37 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 38 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 39 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 40 Strategy Strategy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 41 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 42 Luttwak Luttwak NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 43 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 45 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 46 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 47 Alexiad Alexiad NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 48 Anna Anna NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 49 Komnene Komnene NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 50 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 51 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 52 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 53 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 55 Fortune Fortune NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 56 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 57 How how WRB en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 58 Venice Venice NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 59 Ruled rule VBD en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 61 Seas Seas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 62 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 63 Crowley Crowley NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 64 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 65 Ostrogorsky Ostrogorsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 67 p.528 p.528 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 130 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 131 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 131 2 Ostrogorsky Ostrogorsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 131 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 131 4 p.526 p.526 NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 131 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 2 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 4 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 5 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 132 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 1 258–264 258–264 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 3 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 5 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 6 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 133 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 1 286–290 286–290 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 3 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 5 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 6 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 134 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 1 264–275 264–275 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 3 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 5 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 6 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 9 276 276 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 10 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 11 Vryonis Vryonis NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 13 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 15 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 16 Hellenism Hellenism NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 18 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 19 136 136 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 21 Vryonis Vryonis NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 23 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 25 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 26 Hellenism Hellenism NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 28 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 29 137 137 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 30 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 31 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 33 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 34 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 36 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 37 275 275 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 38 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 39 Geanakoplos Geanakoplos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 41 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 42 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 44 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 45 309 309 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 46 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 47 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 48 Shaw Shaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 50 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 53 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 54 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 56 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 57 Turkey Turkey NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 58 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 59 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 60 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 61 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 62 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 64 1976 1976 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 67 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 135 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 136 1 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 136 2 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 136 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 1 13f 13f NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 2 Bibliography[edit bibliography[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 4 Angold Angold NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 6 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 8 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 137 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 2 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 3 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 5 1025–1204 1025–1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 138 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 139 1 Longman Longman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 139 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 5 582 582 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 7 29468 29468 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 9 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 140 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 1 Haldon Haldon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 5 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 141 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 142 1 Byzantium byzantium NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 142 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 142 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 142 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 142 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 143 1 Tempus Tempus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 143 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 5 7524 7524 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 7 2343 2343 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 9 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 144 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 1 Harris Harris NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 3 Jonathan Jonathan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 5 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 145 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 146 1 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 146 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 146 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 146 4 Crusades Crusades NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 146 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 147 1 Hambledon Hambledon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 147 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 147 3 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 147 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 5 85285 85285 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 7 298 298 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 9 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 148 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 1 Alan Alan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 2 Harvey Harvey NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 5 Economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 6 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 9 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 10 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 12 900–1200 900–1200 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 14 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 15 Haldon Haldon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 19 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 20 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 149 22 J.W. J.W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 1 Birkenmeier Birkenmeier NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 4 Development Development NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 7 Komnenian komnenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 8 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 9 1081–1180 1081–1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 10 Magdalino Magdalino NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 12 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 15 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 17 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 18 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 19 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 20 1143–1180 1143–1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 21 Norwich Norwich NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 23 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 24 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 26 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 150 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 2 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 5 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 151 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 152 1 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 152 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 5 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 7 025960 025960 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 9 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 153 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 154 1 Runciman Runciman NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 154 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 154 3 Steven Steven NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 154 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 2 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 5 1453 1453 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 155 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 7 1965 1965 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 156 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 157 1 Vryonis Vryonis NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 157 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 157 3 Speros Speros NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 157 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 2 Decline Decline NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 4 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 5 Hellenism Hellenism NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 7 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 8 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 11 Process Process NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 13 Islamization islamization NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 16 Eleventh Eleventh NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 17 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 19 Fifteenth Fifteenth NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 20 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 158 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 1 Berkeley Berkeley NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 5 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 8 1971 1971 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 159 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 1 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 4 Library library JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 5 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 6 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 7 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 10 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 11 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 12 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 13 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 14 Resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 16 your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 17 library library NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 18 Resources Resources NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 20 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 21 libraries library NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 22 v v IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 23 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 24 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 25 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 26 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 27 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 28 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 29 Preceding precede VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 30 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 31 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 32 Dominate Dominate NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 33 Early early RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 35 330–717 330–717 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 37 Constantinian constantinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 38 – – : en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 39 Valentinianic valentinianic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 40 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 41 Constantinian constantinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 42 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 43 Valentinianic valentinianic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 44 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 45 Theodosian theodosian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 46 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 47 Leonid Leonid NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 48 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 49 Justinian justinian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 50 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 51 Heraclian heraclian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 52 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 53 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 54 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 55 Dark Dark NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 56 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 57 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 58 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 59 Years Years NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 60 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 61 Anarchy anarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 62 Middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 64 717–1204 717–1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 66 Isaurian isaurian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 67 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 68 Nikephorian nikephorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 69 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 70 Amorian amorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 71 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 72 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 73 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 74 Doukid Doukid NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 75 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 76 Komnenian komnenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 77 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 78 Angelid Angelid NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 79 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 80 Late late RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 81 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 82 1204–1453 1204–1453 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 83 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 84 Sack Sack NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 107 Trebizond Trebizond NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 108 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 109 Palaiologan palaiologan JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 110 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 111 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 112 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 113 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 114 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 115 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 116 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 117 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 118 Constantinople Constantinople NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 119 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 120 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 121 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 122 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 123 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 124 Albania Albania NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 125 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 126 Armenia Armenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 127 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 128 Corsica Corsica NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 129 Crete Crete NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 130 Cyprus Cyprus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 131 Dalmatia Dalmatia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 132 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 133 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 134 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 135 Sardinia Sardinia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 136 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 137 Maghreb Maghreb NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 138 Malta Malta NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 139 Serbia Serbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 140 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 141 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 142 Iberian Iberian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 143 Peninsula Peninsula NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 144 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 145 Balearic Balearic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 146 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 147 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 148 Syria Syria NNP 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come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 169 rerum rerum NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 170 privatarum privatarum NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 171 Quaestor quaestor NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 172 sacri sacri NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 173 palatii palatii VB en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 174 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 175 Logothetes Logothetes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 176 tou tou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 177 dromou dromou NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 178 Sakellarios Sakellarios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 179 Logothetes Logothetes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 180 tou tou NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 181 genikou genikou NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 182 Logothetes Logothetes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 183 tou tou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 184 stratiotikou stratiotikou NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 185 Chartoularios Chartoularios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 186 tou tou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 187 sakelliou sakelliou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 188 Chartoularios Chartoularios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 189 tou tou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 190 vestiariou vestiariou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 191 Epi Epi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 192 tou tou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 193 eidikou eidikou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 194 Protasekretis Protasekretis NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 195 Epi Epi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 196 ton ton NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 197 deeseon deeseon NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 198 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 199 Megas Megas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 200 logothetes logothete VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 201 Mesazon Mesazon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 202 Provincial Provincial NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 203 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 204 Praetorian praetorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 205 prefectures prefecture NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 206 Dioceses Dioceses NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 207 Provinces Provinces NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 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NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 249 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 250 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 251 Foederati Foederati NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 252 Bucellarii Bucellarii NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 253 Scholae Scholae NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 254 Palatinae Palatinae NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 255 Excubitors Excubitors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 256 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 257 Themata Themata NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 258 Kleisourai Kleisourai NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 259 Tourma Tourma NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 260 Droungos droungo VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 261 Bandon Bandon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 262 Tagmata Tagmata NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 263 Domestic Domestic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 264 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 265 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 266 Schools Schools NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 267 Hetaireia Hetaireia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 268 Akritai Akritai NNP 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Everyday NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 472 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 473 Calendar Calendar NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 474 Cities Cities NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 475 Cuisine Cuisine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 476 Dance Dance NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 477 Dress Dress NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 478 Flags Flags NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 479 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 480 insignia insignia NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 481 Gardens Gardens NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 482 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 483 Lyra Lyra NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 484 Octoechos Octoechos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 485 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 486 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 487 Greeks greeks JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 488 Women Women NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 489 Slavery Slavery NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 490 Units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 491 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 492 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portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 532 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 533 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 534 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 535 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Decline_of_the_Byzantine_Empire&oldid=996076867 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Decline_of_the_Byzantine_Empire&oldid=996076867 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 536 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 537 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 538 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 539 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 540 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 541 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 542 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 543 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 544 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 545 Crusades Crusades NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 546 Komnenos Komnenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 547 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 548 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 549 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 550 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 551 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 552 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 553 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 554 12th 12th NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 555 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 556 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 557 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 558 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 559 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 560 13th 13th NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 561 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 562 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 563 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 564 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 565 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 566 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 567 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 568 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 569 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 570 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 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statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 593 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 594 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 595 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 596 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 597 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 598 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 599 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 600 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 601 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 602 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 603 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 604 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 605 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 606 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 607 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 608 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 609 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 610 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 611 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 612 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 613 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 614 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 615 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 616 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 617 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 618 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 619 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 620 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 621 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 622 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 623 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 624 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 625 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 626 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 627 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 628 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 629 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 630 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 631 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 632 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 633 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 634 page 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160 699 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 700 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 701 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 702 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 703 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 704 11:31 11:31 CD en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 705   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 706 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 707 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 708 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8998 160 709 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-8998 161 13 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