id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-122 Emotional contagion - Wikipedia .html text/html 4101 616 53 Emotional contagion and empathy have an interesting relationship, in that they share similar characteristics, with the exception of the ability to differentiate between personal and pre-personal experiences, a process known as individuation.[clarification needed] In The Art of Loving (1956), social psychologist Erich Fromm explores these differences, suggesting that autonomy is necessary for empathy, which is not found in emotional contagion.[4] Some of these are: membership stability, mood-regulation norms, task interdependence and social interdependence.[5] Besides these event-structure properties, there are personal properties of the group's members, such as openness to receive and transmit feelings, demographic characteristics and dispositional affect that influence the intensity of emotional contagion.[6] criticize the notion that "academic researchers can be insulated from ethical guidelines on the protection for human research subjects because they are working with a social media business that has 'no obligation to conform' to the principle of 'obtaining informed consent and allowing participants to opt out'."[13] A subsequent study confirmed the presence of emotional contagion on Twitter without manipulating users' timelines.[14] ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-122.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-122.txt