id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-4740 Bertrand Russell - Wikipedia .html text/html 19811 3269 66 Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell OM FRS[68] (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British polymath, philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate.[69][70] Throughout his life, Russell considered himself a liberal, a socialist and a pacifist, although he also sometimes suggested that his sceptical nature had led him to feel that he had "never been any of these things, in any profound sense".[71] Russell was born in Monmouthshire into one of the most prominent aristocratic families in the United Kingdom.[72] The matter was however taken to the New York Supreme Court by Jean Kay who was afraid that her daughter would be harmed by the appointment, though her daughter was not a student at CCNY.[148][149] Many intellectuals, led by John Dewey, protested at his treatment.[150] Albert Einstein's oft-quoted aphorism that "great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds" originated in his open letter, dated 19 March 1940, to Morris Raphael Cohen, a professor emeritus at CCNY, supporting Russell's appointment.[151] Dewey and Horace M. ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-4740.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-4740.txt