id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 3 Wikipedia wikipedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 6 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 9 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 10 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 11 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 13 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 14 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 16 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 17 Type type NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 19 unpleasant unpleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 20 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 21 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 22 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 24 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 25 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 26 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 2 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 4 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 7 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 8 Psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 2 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 3 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 1 Pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 3 woman woman NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 4 grimacing grimacing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 5 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 6 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 7 blood blood NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 8 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 9 Specialty Specialty NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 10 Neurology Neurology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 12 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 13 Duration Duration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 14 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 15 depends depend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 18 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 19 Types Types NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 20 Physical Physical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 22 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 24 psychogenic psychogenic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 25 Medication Medication NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 26 Analgesic Analgesic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 27 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 30 distressing distressing JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 31 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 32 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 33 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 35 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 37 damaging damaging JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 38 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 4 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 2 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 3 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 6 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 8 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 9 defines define VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 14 unpleasant unpleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 15 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 17 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 18 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 19 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 23 resembling resemble VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 25 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 28 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 29 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 30 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 31 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 32 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 5 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 6 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 7 diagnosis diagnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 11 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 14 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 17 underlying underlie VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 18 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 6 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 2 motivates motivate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 4 individual individual NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 6 withdraw withdraw VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 8 damaging damaging JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 9 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 12 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 14 damaged damage VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 15 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 16 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 17 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 19 heals heal VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 23 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 24 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 25 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 28 future future NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 7 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 4 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 6 resolves resolve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 7 once once IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 9 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 10 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 12 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 15 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 16 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 17 healed heal VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 21 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 22 persist persist VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 23 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 24 removal removal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 27 stimulus stimulus JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 29 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 30 healing healing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 33 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 8 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 1 Sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 2 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 3 arises arise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 6 absence absence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 8 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 9 detectable detectable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 10 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 12 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 14 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 9 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 7 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 8 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 9 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 11 physician physician NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 12 consultation consultation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 14 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 15 developed developed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 16 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 10 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 2 4][5 4][5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 7 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 8 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 10 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 11 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 12 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 15 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 16 interfere interfere VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 19 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 21 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 23 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 25 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 26 functioning functioning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 11 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 4 Simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 6 medications medication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 8 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 10 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 11 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 13 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 14 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 16 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 12 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 2 7 7 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 4 Psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 5 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 8 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 9 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 11 hypnotic hypnotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 12 suggestion suggestion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 14 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 15 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 16 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 18 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 21 distraction distraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 22 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 23 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 24 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 26 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 28 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 13 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 2 8][9 8][9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 6 debates debate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 7 regarding regard VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 8 physician physician NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 10 assisted assist VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 11 suicide suicide NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 13 euthanasia euthanasia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 16 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 17 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 18 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 21 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 23 permit permit VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 24 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 25 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 27 terminally terminally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 28 ill ill JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 30 end end VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 32 lives life NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 14 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 6 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 7 1.1 1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 8 Duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 9 1.2 1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 10 Allodynia Allodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 11 1.2.1 1.2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 12 Phantom Phantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 13 1.3 1.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 14 Breakthrough Breakthrough NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 15 1.4 1.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 16 Asymbolia Asymbolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 18 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 19 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 20 Functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 21 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 22 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 23 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 24 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 25 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 26 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 27 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 28 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 29 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 30 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 31 3.2 3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 32 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 33 3.2.1 3.2.1 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 34 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 35 dimensions dimension NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 37 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 38 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 39 Evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 41 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 42 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 43 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 44 Thresholds Thresholds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 45 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 46 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 47 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 48 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 49 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 50 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 51 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 52 Multidimensional multidimensional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 53 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 54 inventory inventory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 55 6.3 6.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 56 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 57 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 58 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 59 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 60 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 61 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 62 6.4 6.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 63 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 64 reporting reporting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 65 barriers barrier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 66 6.5 6.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 67 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 68 aid aid NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 69 6.6 6.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 70 Physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 71 measurement measurement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 72 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 73 Mechanism Mechanism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 74 7.1 7.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 75 Nociceptive Nociceptive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 76 7.1.1 7.1.1 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 77 Neuropathic Neuropathic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 78 7.1.2 7.1.2 , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 79 Nociplastic Nociplastic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 80 7.2 7.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 81 Psychogenic Psychogenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 82 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 83 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 84 8.1 8.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 85 Medication Medication NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 86 8.2 8.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 87 Psychological Psychological NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 88 8.3 8.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 89 Alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 90 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 91 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 92 Epidemiology epidemiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 93 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 94 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 95 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 96 Society society NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 97 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 98 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 99 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 100 Non Non NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 101 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 102 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 103 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 104 Etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 105 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 106 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 107 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 108 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 109 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 110 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 111 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 112 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 113 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 114 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 115 Classification[edit classification[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 116 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 117 Duration[edit duration[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 118 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 119 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 120 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 121 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 122 Chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 123 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 124 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 125 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 126 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 127 transitory transitory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 128 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 129 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 130 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 131 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 132 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 133 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 134 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 135 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 136 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 137 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 138 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 139 underlying underlying JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 140 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 141 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 142 pathology pathology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 143 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 144 healed heal VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 145 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 146 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 147 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 148 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 149 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 150 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 151 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 152 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 153 rheumatoid rheumatoid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 154 arthritis arthritis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 155 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 156 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 157 neuropathy neuropathy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 158 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 159 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 160 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 161 idiopathic idiopathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 162 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 163 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 164 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 165 persist persist VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 166 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 167 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 15 168 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 2 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 3 lasts last VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 5 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 6 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 8 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 9 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 11 persistent persistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 16 resolves resolve NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 17 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 19 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 20 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 16 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 1 Traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 4 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 6 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 8 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 10 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 11 relied rely VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 12 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 14 arbitrary arbitrary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 15 interval interval NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 17 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 19 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 21 resolution resolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 22 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 24 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 25 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 26 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 27 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 28 markers marker NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 29 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 30 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 31 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 33 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 34 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 35 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 37 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 39 pain,[11 pain,[11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 41 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 42 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 43 theorists theorist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 45 researchers researcher NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 46 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 47 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 49 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 50 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 51 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 52 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 53 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 54 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 55 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 56 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 57 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 17 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 2 12]:93 12]:93 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 3 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 4 apply apply VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 5 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 9 lasts last VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 10 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 11 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 12 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 13 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 15 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 19 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 20 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 21 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 22 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 23 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 24 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 27 subacute subacute VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 29 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 30 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 31 lasts last VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 33 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 35 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 36 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 18 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 5 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 6 alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 7 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 9 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 12 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 14 arbitrarily arbitrarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 15 fixed fix VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 16 durations duration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 22 extends extend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 23 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 25 expected expected JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 26 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 28 healing healing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 19 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 4 Chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 8 classified classify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 10 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 13 else else RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 15 benign benign JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 20 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 4 Allodynia[edit Allodynia[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 6 Allodynia Allodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 9 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 11 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 14 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 15 painless painless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 16 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 21 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 6 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 7 biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 8 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 11 classified classify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 13 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 14 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 15 dynamic dynamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 16 mechanical mechanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 18 punctate punctate NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 20 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 22 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 2 14][15 14][15 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 5 osteoarthritis osteoarthritis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 7 NGF NGF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 8 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 10 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 12 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 13 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 15 allodynia allodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 23 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 5 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 7 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 9 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 10 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 12 assessed assess VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 14 locating locate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 15 trigger trigger NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 16 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 19 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 21 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 23 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 24 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 26 utilising utilise VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 27 phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 28 maps map NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 24 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 4 Phantom[edit phantom[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 9 Phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 11 Phantom Phantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 15 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 18 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 21 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 23 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 24 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 25 amputated amputate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 31 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 32 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 33 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 34 receives receive VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 35 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 25 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 4 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 6 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 26 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 5 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 7 phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 10 upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 11 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 12 amputees amputee NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 14 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 15 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 16 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 20 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 21 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 22 amputees amputee NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 24 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 25 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 27 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 4 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 5 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 6 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 8 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 9 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 10 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 11 amputation amputation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 13 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 14 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 16 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 18 phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 19 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 23 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 24 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 25 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 27 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 28 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 29 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 30 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 28 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 2 17][18 17][18 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 5 amputees amputee VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 6 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 7 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 10 varies vary VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 12 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 14 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 16 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 17 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 18 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 19 bouts bout NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 21 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 22 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 23 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 26 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 27 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 28 reoccur reoccur VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 29 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 30 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 29 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 4 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 6 shooting shoot VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 8 crushing crush VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 10 burning burning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 12 cramping cramping NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 30 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 5 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 8 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 9 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 11 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 14 intact intact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 15 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 16 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 17 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 18 sensitized sensitized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 20 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 21 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 22 touching touch VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 23 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 24 evokes evoke VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 28 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 29 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 31 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 1 Phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 2 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 5 accompany accompany VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 6 urination urination NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 8 defecation defecation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 32 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 2 19]:61–9 19]:61–9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 3 Local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 4 anesthetic anesthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 5 injections injection NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 6 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 8 nerves nerve NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 10 sensitive sensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 11 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 14 stump stump NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 16 relieve relieve VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 19 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 21 weeks week NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 24 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 25 permanently permanently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 27 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 29 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 30 wearing wear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 31 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 34 matter matter NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 36 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 37 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 39 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 40 injections injection NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 42 hypertonic hypertonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 43 saline saline NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 44 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 46 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 47 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 48 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 49 vertebrae vertebra NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 50 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 51 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 52 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 53 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 54 radiates radiate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 55 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 57 phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 58 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 59 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 60 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 61 minutes minute NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 62 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 63 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 65 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 66 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 67 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 68 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 69 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 71 weeks week NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 72 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 73 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 74 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 75 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 76 partial partial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 77 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 78 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 79 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 80 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 81 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 82 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 33 83 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 1 Vigorous vigorous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 2 vibration vibration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 4 electrical electrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 5 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 8 stump stump NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 11 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 13 electrodes electrode NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 14 surgically surgically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 15 implanted implant VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 16 onto onto IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 18 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 19 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 21 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 22 produce produce VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 23 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 25 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 26 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 34 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 2 19]:61–9 19]:61–9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 3 Mirror Mirror NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 4 box box NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 5 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 6 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 8 illusion illusion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 10 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 12 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 15 phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 16 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 19 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 20 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 21 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 23 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 35 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 4 Paraplegia Paraplegia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 7 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 9 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 11 voluntary voluntary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 12 motor motor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 13 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 14 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 15 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 16 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 17 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 18 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 20 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 22 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 24 girdle girdle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 26 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 28 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 31 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 32 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 33 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 35 visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 36 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 37 evoked evoke VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 38 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 40 filling fill VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 41 bladder bladder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 42 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 43 bowel bowel NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 48 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 49 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 50 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 51 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 52 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 54 paraplegics paraplegic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 56 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 57 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 58 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 59 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 60 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 62 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 63 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 64 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 36 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 2 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 3 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 6 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 7 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 9 burning burn VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 11 tingling tingle VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 13 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 14 evolve evolve VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 16 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 17 crushing crushing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 19 pinching pinch VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 24 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 26 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 27 running run VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 28 down down IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 30 legs leg NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 34 knife knife NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 35 twisting twisting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 38 flesh flesh NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 37 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 1 Onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 4 immediate immediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 8 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 9 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 10 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 11 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 13 disabling disable VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 14 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 38 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 1 Surgical surgical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 2 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 3 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 4 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 5 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 6 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 39 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 2 19]:61–9 19]:61–9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 3 Breakthrough[edit breakthrough[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 5 Breakthrough breakthrough JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 8 transitory transitory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 11 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 12 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 13 suddenly suddenly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 17 alleviated alleviate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 20 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 22 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 24 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 40 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 3 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 5 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 6 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 8 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 10 background background NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 14 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 17 controlled control VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 19 medications medication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 22 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 23 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 24 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 25 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 26 bouts bout NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 28 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 29 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 32 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 34 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 36 breaks break NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 37 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 40 medication medication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 41 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 2 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 4 breakthrough breakthrough JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 5 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 7 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 9 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 11 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 13 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 16 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 42 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 1 Management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 3 breakthrough breakthrough NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 6 entail entail VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 7 intensive intensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 8 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 10 opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 12 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 13 fentanyl fentanyl NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 43 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 2 21][22 21][22 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 4 Asymbolia Asymbolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 6 insensitivity[edit insensitivity[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 9 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 11 Pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 12 asymbolia asymbolia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 14 Congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 15 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 17 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 19 Painless painless NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 21 redirects redirect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 22 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 44 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 6 Painless Painless NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 45 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 1 Play play VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 2 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 4 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 6 doctor doctor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 7 discuss discuss VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 8 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 9 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 11 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 13 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 15 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 18 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 20 protection protection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 22 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 25 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 28 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 30 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 46 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 1 Episodic episodic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 2 analgesia analgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 4 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 5 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 6 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 7 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 13 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 15 sport sport NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 17 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 20 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 23 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 24 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 25 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 26 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 29 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 30 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 33 traumatic traumatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 34 amputation amputation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 36 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 37 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 38 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 47 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 4 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 5 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 8 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 9 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 12 IASP IASP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 13 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 15 pain,[24 pain,[24 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 19 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 21 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 24 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 26 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 28 devoid devoid NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 30 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 32 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 33 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 36 morphine morphine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 37 injection injection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 38 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 39 psychosurgery psychosurgery NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 48 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 4 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 5 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 6 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 14 bothered bother VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 19 recognize recognize VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 21 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 25 suffer suffer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 26 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 29 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 30 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 31 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 49 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 4 Indifference indifference NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 9 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 11 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 13 birth birth NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 17 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 18 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 19 nerves nerve NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 21 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 22 investigations investigation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 25 find find VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 26 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 27 unpleasant unpleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 30 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 32 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 33 repetition repetition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 36 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 37 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 50 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 4 Insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 6 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 9 result result VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 11 abnormalities abnormality NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 14 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 15 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 51 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 3 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 5 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 7 acquired acquire VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 8 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 11 nerves nerve NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 15 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 16 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 17 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 19 diabetes diabetes NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 20 mellitus mellitus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 22 diabetic diabetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 23 neuropathy neuropathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 27 leprosy leprosy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 29 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 30 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 31 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 32 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 34 prevalent prevalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 52 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 5 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 8 risk risk NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 10 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 11 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 13 infection infection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 14 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 16 undiscovered undiscovered JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 17 injuries injury NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 53 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 1 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 3 diabetes diabetes NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 5 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 6 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 7 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 10 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 12 sustain sustain VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 13 poorly poorly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 15 healing heal VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 16 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 17 ulcers ulcer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 20 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 22 decreased decrease VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 23 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 54 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 5 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 6 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 7 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 9 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 11 insensitive insensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 13 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 14 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 17 inborn inborn JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 18 abnormality abnormality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 21 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 22 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 24 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 27 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 28 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 30 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 55 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 4 Children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 7 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 8 incur incur VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 9 carelessly carelessly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 11 repeated repeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 12 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 15 tongues tongue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 17 eyes eye NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 19 joints joint NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 21 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 24 muscles muscle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 56 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 2 die die VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 3 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 4 adulthood adulthood NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 7 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 8 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 10 reduced reduced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 11 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 12 expectancy expectancy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 57 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 5 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 6 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 8 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 9 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 12 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 13 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 15 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 16 hereditary hereditary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 17 sensory sensory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 19 autonomic autonomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 20 neuropathies neuropathy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 23 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 24 familial familial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 25 dysautonomia dysautonomia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 27 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 28 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 30 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 32 anhidrosis anhidrosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 58 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 5 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 6 feature feature VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 7 decreased decrease VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 8 sensitivity sensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 10 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 11 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 13 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 14 neurological neurological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 15 abnormalities abnormality NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 17 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 20 autonomic autonomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 21 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 22 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 59 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 2 27][30 27][30 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 5 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 6 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 7 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 9 isolated isolated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 10 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 11 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 15 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 16 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 18 mutations mutation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 21 SCN9A scn9a CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 22 gene gene NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 25 codes code VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 28 sodium sodium NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 29 channel channel NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 31 Nav1.7 Nav1.7 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 33 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 35 conducting conduct VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 36 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 37 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 38 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 60 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 4 Functional functional NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 5 effects[edit effects[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 7 Experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 8 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 9 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 11 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 14 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 16 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 18 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 19 impairments impairment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 21 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 22 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 24 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 25 memory memory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 27 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 28 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 30 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 31 solving solve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 34 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 35 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 36 speed speed NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 61 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 4 Acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 6 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 10 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 12 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 13 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 15 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 17 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 20 anger anger NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 62 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 2 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 4 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 5 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 7 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 8 right right JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 11 consequences consequence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 14 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 15 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 16 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 17 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 18 distress distress NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 20 unemployment unemployment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 22 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 23 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 25 marital marital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 26 disharmony disharmony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 29 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 31 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 33 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 34 … … NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 35 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 36     _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 37 Harold Harold NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 38 Merskey Merskey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 39 2000[34 2000[34 . en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 41 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 42 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 43 negative negative NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 44 emotion[edit emotion[edit . en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 46 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 47 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 48 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 49 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 51 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 52 aversive aversive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 54 unpleasant unpleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 56 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 57 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 58 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 59 avoided avoid VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 61 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 62 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 63 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 64 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 65 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 66 summarized summarize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 67 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 68 evaluated evaluate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 69 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 70 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 71 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 72 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 73 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 74 disciplines discipline NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 76 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 77 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 78 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 79 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 80 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 81 affect affect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 63 82 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 1 Across across IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 2 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 4 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 7 subjected subject VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 9 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 10 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 14 laboratory laboratory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 15 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 16 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 17 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 18 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 19 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 20 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 22 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 23 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 24 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 25 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 26 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 29 finding finding NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 30 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 32 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 33 reflected reflect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 35 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 36 parameters parameter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 64 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 5 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 6 mechanism mechanism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 8 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 10 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 12 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 15 opponent opponent NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 17 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 18 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 65 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 1 Theory[edit theory[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 3 Historical[edit historical[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 5 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 8 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 11 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 12 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 14 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 15 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 16 discovery discovery NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 18 neurons neuron NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 21 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 25 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 26 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 27 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 28 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 29 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 30 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 32 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 33 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 34 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 66 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 3 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 4 competing compete VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 5 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 6 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 9 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 11 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 14 Hippocrates hippocrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 15 believed believe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 19 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 22 imbalance imbalance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 24 vital vital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 25 fluids fluid NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 67 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 6 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 9 Avicenna Avicenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 10 theorized theorize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 12 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 15 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 17 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 18 senses sense NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 19 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 20 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 24 titillation titillation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 68 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 2 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 4 Portrait Portrait NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 6 René René NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 7 Descartes Descartes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 9 Jan Jan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 10 Baptist Baptist NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 11 Weenix Weenix NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 13 1647 1647 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 14 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 15 1649 1649 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 16 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 17 1644 1644 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 19 René René NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 20 Descartes Descartes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 21 theorized theorize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 26 disturbance disturbance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 28 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 29 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 30 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 31 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 32 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 33 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 35 disturbance disturbance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 36 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 38 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 69 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 2 36][38 36][38 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 4 Descartes Descartes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 6 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 8 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 10 Avicenna Avicenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 13 prefigured prefigure VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 15 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 17 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 18 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 20 specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 21 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 70 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 1 Specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 2 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 3 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 8 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 9 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 13 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 14 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 15 apparatus apparatus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 16 independent independent NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 18 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 20 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 21 senses sense NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 71 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 5 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 6 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 7 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 9 prominence prominence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 12 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 14 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 15 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 17 intensive intensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 18 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 21 conceived conceive VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 27 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 28 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 29 modality modality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 31 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 32 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 33 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 34 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 35 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 37 stronger strong JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 38 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 39 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 40 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 41 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 43 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 44 light light NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 46 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 47 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 48 temperature temperature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 72 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 4 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 6 mid-1890s mid-1890 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 8 specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 10 backed back VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 11 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 13 physiologists physiologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 15 physicians physician NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 19 intensive intensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 20 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 22 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 23 backed back VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 25 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 73 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 3 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 5 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 7 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 8 observations observation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 10 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 11 Head Head NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 13 experiments experiment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 15 Max Max NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 16 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 17 Frey Frey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 20 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 21 migrated migrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 23 specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 24 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 25 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 26 masse masse FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 31 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 32 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 34 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 35 textbooks textbook NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 36 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 37 physiology physiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 39 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 40 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 41 presenting present VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 42 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 43 specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 44 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 45 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 74 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 2 37][39 37][39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 4 Modern[edit modern[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 6 Regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 9 cerebral cerebral NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 10 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 11 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 75 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 1 Wilhelm Wilhelm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 2 Erb Erb NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 5 1874 1874 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 8 intensive intensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 15 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 16 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 18 generated generate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 20 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 21 enough enough JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 22 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 24 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 25 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 26 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 28 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 29 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 30 soundly soundly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 31 disproved disprove VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 76 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 2 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 3 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 4 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 6 differentiate differentiate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 8 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 12 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 13 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 16 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 18 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 20 respond respond VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 21 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 23 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 25 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 26 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 27 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 77 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 3 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 4 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 7 nociceptor nociceptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 9 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 10 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 11 generate generate VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 12 currents current NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 13 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 15 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 17 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 18 threshold threshold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 20 send send VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 21 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 22 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 24 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 25 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 28 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 29 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 78 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 3 specificity specificity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 6 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 8 responds respond VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 10 thermal thermal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 12 chemical chemical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 14 mechanical mechanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 15 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 17 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 18 environment environment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 22 nociceptor nociceptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 24 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 26 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 27 ion ion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 28 channels channel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 30 expresses express VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 31 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 32 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 33 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 34 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 79 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 1 Dozens dozen NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 3 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 4 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 6 nociceptor nociceptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 7 ion ion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 8 channels channel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 10 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 11 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 13 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 17 exact exact JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 18 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 20 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 21 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 22 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 80 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 6 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 7 travels travel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 10 periphery periphery NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 13 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 14 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 15 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 17 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 19 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 21 C c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 22 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 81 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 5 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 6 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 8 thicker thick JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 9 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 11 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 12 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 16 thinly thinly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 17 sheathed sheathe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 20 electrically electrically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 21 insulating insulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 22 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 24 myelin myelin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 28 carries carry VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 29 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 30 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 31 faster fast RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 33 5–30 5–30 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 34   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 35 m m NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 36 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 37 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 39 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 41 unmyelinated unmyelinated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 42 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 43 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 45 0.5–2 0.5–2 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 46   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 47 m m NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 48 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 49 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 82 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 5 evoked evoke VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 8 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 10 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 11 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 13 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 15 sharp sharp JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 18 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 19 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 83 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 3 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 6 duller dull JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 9 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 10 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 12 burning burn VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 14 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 17 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 18 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 84 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 2 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 6 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 7 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 9 neurons neuron NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 10 enter enter VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 12 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 13 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 14 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 15 Lissauer Lissauer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 17 tract tract NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 85 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 2 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 4 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 6 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 7 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 8 connect connect VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 11 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 12 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 14 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 15 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 18 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 19 gelatinous gelatinous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 20 substance substance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 23 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 24 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 26 laminae laminae NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 27 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 29 III iii CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 32 dorsal dorsal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 33 horns horn NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 86 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 3 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 4 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 6 cross cross VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 8 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 9 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 11 anterior anterior NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 12 white white NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 13 commissure commissure NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 15 ascend ascend VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 18 spinothalamic spinothalamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 19 tract tract NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 87 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 1 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 2 reaching reach VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 4 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 7 spinothalamic spinothalamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 8 tract tract NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 9 splits split VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 12 lateral lateral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 14 neospinothalamic neospinothalamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 15 tract tract NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 18 medial medial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 20 paleospinothalamic paleospinothalamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 21 tract tract NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 88 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 2 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 4 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 5 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 7 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 8 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 9 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 10 dedicated dedicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 12 carrying carry VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 13 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 15 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 16 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 18 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 21 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 23 carry carry VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 24 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 25 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 27 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 29 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 30 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 31 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 32 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 35 thalamus thalamus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 36 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 37 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 38 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 89 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 2 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 3 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 4 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 6 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 8 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 9 dynamic dynamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 10 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 11 neurons neuron NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 13 respond respond VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 15 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 17 delta delta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 19 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 20 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 23 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 26 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 27 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 29 beta beta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 30 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 31 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 32 carry carry VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 33 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 35 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 37 vibration vibration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 38 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 90 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 6 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 7 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 10 thalamus thalamus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 11 spreads spread VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 14 insular insular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 15 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 17 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 19 embody embody VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 21 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 22 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 23 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 26 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 28 distinguishes distinguish VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 29 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 32 homeostatic homeostatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 33 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 34 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 36 itch itch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 38 nausea nausea NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 41 anterior anterior NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 42 cingulate cingulate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 43 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 45 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 47 embody embody VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 49 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 50 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 51 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 54 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 55 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 56 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 57 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 60 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 62 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 91 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 2 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 7 distinctly distinctly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 8 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 10 activates activate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 11 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 13 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 14 somatosensory somatosensory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 15 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 92 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 2 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 5 1955 1955 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 7 DC DC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 8 Sinclair Sinclair NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 10 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 11 Weddell Weddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 12 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 13 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 14 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 15 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 17 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 20 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 21 suggestion suggestion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 23 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 24 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 25 Nafe Nafe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 93 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 2 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 4 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 5 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 6 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 7 endings ending NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 11 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 13 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 14 innervating innervate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 15 hair hair NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 16 cells cell NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 19 identical identical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 25 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 27 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 28 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 30 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 31 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 94 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 5 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 8 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 10 gate gate NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 11 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 12 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 14 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 16 Ronald Ronald NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 17 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 19 Patrick Patrick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 20 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 23 1965 1965 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 24 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 25 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 27 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 28 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 30 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 31 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 32 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 95 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 2 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 5 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 6 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 8 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 9 thin thin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 14 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 15 diameter diameter NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 17 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 19 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 21 vibration vibration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 23 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 24 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 25 carry carry VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 26 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 29 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 31 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 33 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 34 destinations destination NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 37 dorsal dorsal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 38 horn horn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 41 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 42 cord cord NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 45 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 47 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 48 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 49 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 50 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 51 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 52 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 53 thin thin JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 54 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 55 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 56 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 58 inhibitory inhibitory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 59 cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 62 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 63 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 64 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 65 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 96 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 4 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 5 dimensions dimension NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 7 pain[edit pain[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 9 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 10 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 11 Ronald Ronald NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 12 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 14 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 15 Casey Casey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 16 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 17 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 18 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 20 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 22 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 23 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 24 dimensions dimension NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 27 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 29 discriminative discriminative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 32 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 35 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 37 location location NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 39 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 41 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 44 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 47 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 48 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 50 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 51 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 53 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 55 urge urge VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 56 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 57 escape escape VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 59 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 63 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 64 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 65 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 66 evaluative evaluative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 67 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 68 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 69 cognitions cognition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 70 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 71 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 72 appraisal appraisal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 74 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 75 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 76 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 77 distraction distraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 78 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 79 hypnotic hypnotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 80 suggestion suggestion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 97 82 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 2 theorized theorize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 3 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 5 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 8 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 9 discriminative discriminative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 10 dimension dimension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 13 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 16 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 18 motivational motivational NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 19 dimension dimension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 22 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 23 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 24 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 27 magnitude magnitude NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 30 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 31 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 33 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 35 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 37 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 38 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 39 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 40 influence influence VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 41 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 42 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 44 unpleasantness unpleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 98 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 1 Cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 2 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 5 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 6 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 7 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 9 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 10 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 12 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 13 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 14 modify modify VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 15 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 17 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 19 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 20 dimension dimension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 99 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 3 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 5 games game NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 7 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 8 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 10 block block VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 11 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 12 dimensions dimension NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 17 suggestion suggestion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 19 placebos placebos NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 20 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 21 modulate modulate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 23 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 25 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 26 dimension dimension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 28 leave leave VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 30 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 32 discriminative discriminative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 33 dimension dimension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 34 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 35 undisturbed undisturbed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 100 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 2 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 4 432 432 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 7 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 8 ends end VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 11 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 13 action action NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 16 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 17 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 18 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 19 treated treat VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 21 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 23 trying try VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 25 cut cut VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 26 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 28 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 29 input input NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 31 anesthetic anesthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 32 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 34 surgical surgical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 35 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 38 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 40 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 41 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 42 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 43 influencing influence VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 45 motivational motivational NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 47 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 49 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 50 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 51 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 52 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 101 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 2 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 4 435 435 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 6 Evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 8 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 9 role[edit role[edit AFX en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 11 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 13 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 16 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 18 defense defense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 19 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 21 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 23 reflexive reflexive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 24 retraction retraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 27 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 28 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 31 tendencies tendency NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 33 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 35 affected affected JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 36 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 37 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 38 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 39 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 40 heals heal VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 43 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 44 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 45 harmful harmful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 46 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 49 future future NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 102 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 2 48][49 48][49 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 9 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 10 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 12 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 13 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 15 vital vital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 17 healthy healthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 18 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 103 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 1 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 3 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 4 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 8 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 9 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 10 expectancy expectancy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 104 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 6 Greatest Greatest NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 7 Show Show NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 9 Earth Earth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 12 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 14 Evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 16 biologist biologist NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 17 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 18 Dawkins Dawkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 19 addresses address VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 21 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 23 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 24 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 25 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 26 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 28 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 30 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 31 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 105 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 2 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 4 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 7 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 8 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 12 red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 13 flag flag NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 106 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 1 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 2 argue argue VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 3 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 5 red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 6 flag flag NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 9 insufficient insufficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 11 Dawkins Dawkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 12 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 14 drives drive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 15 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 16 compete compete VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 18 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 19 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 20 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 21 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 22 beings being NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 107 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 2 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 4 fit fit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 6 creature creature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 7 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 10 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 11 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 12 pains pain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 14 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 15 balanced balanced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 108 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 1 Those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 2 pains pain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 3 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 4 mean mean VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 5 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 6 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 7 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 8 ignored ignore VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 9 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 10 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 12 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 13 powerfully powerfully RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 14 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 109 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 2 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 3 intensities intensity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 7 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 10 resemble resemble VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 12 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 13 importance importance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 15 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 16 risk risk NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 18 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 19 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 110 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 2 a a LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 5 resemblance resemblance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 6 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 9 perfect perfect JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 11 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 13 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 14 natural natural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 15 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 16 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 19 poor poor JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 20 designer designer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 111 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 3 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 4 maladaptive maladaptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 8 supernormal supernormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 9 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 112 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 2 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 4 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 8 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 10 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 11 wave wave VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 14 red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 15 flag flag NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 17 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 18 living living NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 19 beings being NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 21 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 22 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 23 act act VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 26 warning warning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 27 sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 30 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 32 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 34 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 35 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 36 beings being NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 113 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 1 Especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 3 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 4 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 5 readily readily RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 6 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 7 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 10 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 12 sickness sickness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 14 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 15 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 17 evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 18 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 21 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 23 shaped shape VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 25 natural natural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 26 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 30 credible credible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 32 convincing convincing JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 33 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 35 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 36 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 37 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 39 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 42 care care VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 114 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 4 Idiopathic idiopathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 9 persists persist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 10 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 12 trauma trauma NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 14 pathology pathology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 15 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 16 healed heal VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 19 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 20 arises arise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 21 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 22 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 23 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 24 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 26 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 27 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 29 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 32 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 34 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 36 helpful helpful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 38 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 40 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 41 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 42 psychodynamic psychodynamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 43 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 44 argue argue VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 45 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 46 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 47 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 48 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 49 psychogenic psychogenic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 51 enlisted enlist VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 52 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 53 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 54 protective protective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 55 distraction distraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 56 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 57 keep keep VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 58 dangerous dangerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 59 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 60 unconscious unconscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 115 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 4 Thresholds[edit thresholds[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 6 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 8 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 10 thresholds threshold NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 12 measured measure VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 14 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 15 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 17 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 20 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 23 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 24 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 25 quantitative quantitative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 26 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 27 testing testing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 28 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 29 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 30 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 31 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 33 electric electric JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 34 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 36 thermal thermal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 38 heat heat NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 40 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 43 mechanical mechanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 45 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 47 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 49 vibration vibration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 52 ischemic ischemic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 54 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 55 chemical chemical NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 56 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 57 applied apply VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 58 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 60 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 61 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 62 evoke evoke VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 63 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 64 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 116 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 7 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 8 threshold threshold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 12 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 16 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 17 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 19 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 26 threshold threshold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 27 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 31 stimulus stimulus JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 32 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 33 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 34 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 36 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 37 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 39 hurt hurt VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 117 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 4 tolerance tolerance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 5 threshold threshold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 8 reached reach VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 11 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 12 acts act VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 14 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 118 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 4 Assessment[edit Assessment[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 6 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 9 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 10 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 12 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 13 scales scale VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 16 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 17 ladder ladder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 18 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 19 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 21 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 23 report report NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 26 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 27 reliable reliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 28 measure measure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 30 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 119 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 2 54][55][56 54][55][56 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 5 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 6 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 7 professionals professional NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 9 underestimate underestimate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 11 severity severity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 120 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 2 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 5 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 8 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 9 employed employ VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 11 nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 13 emphasizing emphasize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 14 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 15 subjective subjective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 16 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 19 importance importance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 21 believing believe VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 22 patient patient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 23 reports report NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 25 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 26 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 28 Margo Margo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 29 McCaffery McCaffery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 31 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 34 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 36 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 38 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 39 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 40 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 41 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 42 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 44 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 45 whenever whenever WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 46 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 47 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 48 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 49 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 50 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 121 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 2 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 4 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 5 assess assess VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 6 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 9 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 12 asked ask VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 14 locate locate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 19 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 21 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 22   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 25 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 28 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 29 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 30 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 31 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 32 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 33 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 36 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 38 worst bad JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 39 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 40 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 41 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 42 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 43 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 122 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 1 Quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 2 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 4 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 6 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 8 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 9 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 11 McGill McGill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 12 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 13 Questionnaire Questionnaire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 14 indicating indicating NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 16 words word VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 17 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 18 describe describe VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 123 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 4 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 5 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 6 scale[edit scale[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 9 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 11 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 12 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 13 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 15 visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 16 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 17 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 22 reproducible reproducible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 23 tool tool NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 26 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 28 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 30 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 31 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 124 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 2 59 59 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 5 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 8 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 9 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 10 anchored anchor VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 12 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 13 descriptors descriptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 15 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 17 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 18 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 21 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 23 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 24 score score NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 25 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 26 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 28 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 125 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 3 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 6 cm cm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 8 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 10 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 11 intermediate intermediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 12 descriptors descriptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 15 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 16 marking marking NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 18 scores score NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 19 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 21 preferred preferred JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 22 numeric numeric JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 23 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 126 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 2 applied apply VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 6 descriptor descriptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 8 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 9 anchors anchor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 11 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 12 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 15 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 17 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 18 worst bad JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 19 imaginable imaginable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 127 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 1 Cut cut NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 3 offs off NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 6 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 9 recommended recommend VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 11 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 14 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 15 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 16 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 17 mm mm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 20 mild mild JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 21 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 23 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 24 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 25 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 26 mm mm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 29 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 30 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 32 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 33 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 34 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 35 mm mm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 38 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 39 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 41 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 42 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 43 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 44 mm mm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 128 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 2 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 5 check check NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 6 quotation quotation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 7 syntax syntax NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 9 Multidimensional multidimensional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 11 inventory[edit inventory[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 14 Multidimensional Multidimensional NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 15 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 16 Inventory inventory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 18 MPI MPI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 22 questionnaire questionnaire NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 23 designed design VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 25 assess assess VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 27 psychosocial psychosocial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 28 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 31 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 33 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 34 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 129 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 1 Combining combine VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 3 MPI MPI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 4 characterization characterization NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 7 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 9 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 10 IASP IASP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 11 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 13 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 15 profile profile NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 17 recommended recommend VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 19 deriving derive VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 21 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 22 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 23 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 24 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 130 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 4 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 6 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 7 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 8 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 9 people[edit people[edit , en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 11 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 14 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 16 dementia dementia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 18 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 20 babies baby NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 21 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 22 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 23 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 24 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 25 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 26 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 27 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 28 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 30 tell tell VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 31 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 32 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 33 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 34 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 35 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 36 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 131 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 3 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 6 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 8 communicate communicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 9 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 11 means mean NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 15 blinking blink VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 17 pointing point VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 20 nodding nodding NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 132 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 4 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 6 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 7 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 8 communicative communicative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 9 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 11 observation observation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 12 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 13 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 16 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 17 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 18 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 20 monitored monitor VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 23 indicators indicator NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 133 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 1 Behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 2 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 4 facial facial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 5 grimacing grimacing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 7 guarding guarding NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 9 trying try VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 11 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 12 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 15 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 17 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 18 bumped bump VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 20 touched touch VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 22 indicate indicate VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 25 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 26 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 29 increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 31 decrease decrease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 33 vocalizations vocalization NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 35 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 37 routine routine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 38 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 39 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 41 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 42 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 43 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 134 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 1 Patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 2 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 5 exhibit exhibit VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 6 withdrawn withdraw VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 7 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 8 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 10 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 11 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 13 decreased decrease VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 14 appetite appetite NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 16 decreased decrease VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 17 nutritional nutritional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 18 intake intake NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 135 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 2 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 4 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 6 deviates deviate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 8 baseline baseline NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 12 moaning moan VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 14 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 17 manipulating manipulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 19 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 20 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 23 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 24 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 26 motion motion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 28 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 29 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 30 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 31 indicators indicator NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 136 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 2 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 3 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 4 possess possess VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 6 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 8 incapable incapable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 10 expressing express VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 11 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 12 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 16 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 18 dementia dementia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 21 increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 23 confusion confusion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 25 display display NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 27 aggressive aggressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 28 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 29 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 30 agitation agitation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 31 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 32 signal signal VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 34 discomfort discomfort NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 35 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 38 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 39 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 41 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 137 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 1 Changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 3 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 6 noticed notice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 8 caregivers caregiver NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 11 familiar familiar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 14 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 16 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 17 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 138 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 4 Infants infant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 5 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 6 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 10 lack lack VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 12 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 13 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 15 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 19 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 20 communicate communicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 21 distress distress NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 23 crying cry VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 139 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 2 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 3 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 4 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 6 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 7 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 9 conducted conduct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 10 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 12 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 14 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 15 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 16 notice notice VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 17 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 20 infant infant NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 22 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 25 obvious obvious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 28 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 29 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 30 provider provider NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 140 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 1 Pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 3 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 4 babies baby NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 7 sensitive sensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 9 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 10 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 11 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 12 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 13 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 15 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 16 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 141 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 5 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 7 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 10 suspected suspect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 14 give give VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 16 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 17 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 22 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 23 watch watch VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 25 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 26 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 28 suspected suspect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 29 indicators indicator NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 31 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 32 subside subside NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 142 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 5 reporting reporting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 6 barriers[edit barriers[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 9 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 12 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 13 experiences experience VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 15 responds respond VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 17 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 19 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 21 sociocultural sociocultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 22 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 24 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 26 gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 28 ethnicity ethnicity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 31 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 143 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 2 63][64 63][64 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 4 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 5 aging age VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 6 adult adult NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 9 respond respond VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 14 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 15 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 18 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 19 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 20 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 144 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 2 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 4 recognize recognize VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 8 blunted blunt VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 10 illness illness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 13 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 15 medication medication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 145 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 1 Depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 4 keep keep VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 5 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 6 adult adult NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 8 reporting report VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 9 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 146 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 1 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 3 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 5 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 8 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 10 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 11 adult adult NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 13 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 147 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 4 reluctant reluctant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 6 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 8 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 9 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 10 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 11 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 12 want want VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 15 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 17 weak weak JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 20 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 21 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 24 impolite impolite JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 26 shameful shameful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 28 complain complain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 32 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 33 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 35 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 36 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 38 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 40 deserved deserved JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 41 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 148 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 2 65][66 65][66 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 4 Cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 5 barriers barrier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 8 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 10 likelihood likelihood NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 12 reporting report VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 149 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 1 Sufferers sufferer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 3 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 5 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 6 treatments treatment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 7 go go VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 8 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 9 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 10 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 11 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 150 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 4 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 6 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 8 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 12 sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 14 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 16 near near JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 151 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 2 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 3 fear fear VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 5 stigma stigma NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 7 addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 10 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 12 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 13 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 18 prescribed prescribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 19 potentially potentially RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 20 addicting addict VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 21 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 152 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 2 Asians Asians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 3 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 5 want want VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 7 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 8 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 10 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 12 admitting admit VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 18 need need VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 19 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 21 believing believe VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 24 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 26 borne bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 28 silence silence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 30 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 32 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 33 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 34 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 35 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 36 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 37 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 38 immediately immediately RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 39 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 40 receive receive VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 41 immediate immediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 42 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 153 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 4 Gender Gender NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 9 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 10 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 12 reporting report VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 154 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 1 Gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 2 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 6 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 8 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 10 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 11 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 14 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 15 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 18 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 19 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 21 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 25 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 27 stoic stoic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 155 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 6 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 8 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 11 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 12 stigmatized stigmatize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 14 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 16 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 17 urgent urgent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 18 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 20 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 21 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 23 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 24 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 27 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 29 accurately accurately RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 30 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 156 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 2 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 5 leads lead VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 7 extended extend VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 8 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 9 room room NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 10 wait wait VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 11 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 13 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 15 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 16 dismissal dismissal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 19 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 21 accurately accurately RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 22 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 157 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 2 68][69 68][69 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 4 Diagnostic Diagnostic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 5 aid[edit aid[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 7 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 10 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 12 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 13 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 14 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 158 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 1 Knowing know VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 5 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 7 location location NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 9 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 11 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 13 occurrence occurrence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 15 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 17 intermittent intermittent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 19 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 159 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 3 exacerbating exacerbate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 5 relieving relieve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 6 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 9 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 11 burning burning JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 13 sharp sharp JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 15 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 160 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 1 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 4 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 5 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 7 examining examine VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 8 physician physician NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 10 accurately accurately RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 11 diagnose diagnose VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 13 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 161 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 4 chest chest NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 6 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 8 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 9 heaviness heaviness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 11 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 12 myocardial myocardial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 13 infarction infarction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 16 chest chest NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 18 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 20 tearing tearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 21 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 22 indicate indicate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 23 aortic aortic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 24 dissection dissection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 162 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 2 70][71 70][71 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 4 Physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 5 measurement[edit measurement[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 7 Functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 8 magnetic magnetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 9 resonance resonance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 10 imaging image VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 11 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 12 scanning scanning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 13 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 14 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 17 measure measure VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 18 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 21 correlates correlate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 22 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 24 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 26 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 163 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 2 72][73][74 72][73][74 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 4 Mechanism[edit mechanism[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 6 Nociceptive[edit Nociceptive[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 9 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 11 Nociception nociception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 12 Mechanism mechanism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 14 nociceptive nociceptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 164 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 1 Nociceptive nociceptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 2 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 4 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 6 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 8 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 9 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 10 fibers fiber NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 12 respond respond VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 14 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 15 approaching approach VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 17 exceeding exceed VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 18 harmful harmful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 19 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 21 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 25 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 27 classified classify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 28 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 31 mode mode NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 33 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 34 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 165 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 2 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 3 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 4 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 7 thermal thermal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 166 10 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 1 heat heat NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 2 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 3 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 7 mechanical mechanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 167 10 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 1 crushing crush VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 3 tearing tear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 5 shearing shearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 7 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 168 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 1 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 3 chemical chemical NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 169 6 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 1 iodine iodine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 4 cut cut NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 6 chemicals chemical NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 7 released release VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 8 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 9 inflammation inflammation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 170 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 2 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 3 respond respond VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 5 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 6 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 7 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 9 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 10 modalities modality NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 13 consequently consequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 14 designated designate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 15 polymodal polymodal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 171 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 1 Nociceptive nociceptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 2 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 6 classed class VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 7 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 10 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 12 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 14 divided divide VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 17 visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 21 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 22 somatic somatic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 26 superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 27 somatic somatic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 29 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 172 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 1 Visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 2 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 4 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 7 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 9 liver liver NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 11 intestines intestine NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 14 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 15 sensitive sensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 17 stretch stretch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 19 ischemia ischemia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 21 inflammation inflammation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 24 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 25 insensitive insensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 27 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 28 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 30 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 31 evoke evoke VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 32 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 34 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 35 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 37 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 39 burning burning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 41 cutting cut VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 173 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 1 Visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 2 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 4 diffuse diffuse NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 6 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 8 locate locate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 10 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 11 referred refer VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 14 distant distant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 16 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 17 superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 19 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 174 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 4 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 6 nausea nausea NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 8 vomiting vomiting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 12 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 14 sickening sickening NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 16 deep deep RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 18 squeezing squeeze VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 21 dull dull JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 175 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 2 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 4 Deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 5 somatic somatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 8 initiated initiate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 10 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 12 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 14 ligaments ligament NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 16 tendons tendon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 18 bones bone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 20 blood blood NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 21 vessels vessel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 23 fasciae fascia NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 25 muscles muscle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 29 dull dull JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 31 aching aching JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 33 poorly poorly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 35 localized localized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 36 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 176 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 1 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 2 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 3 sprains sprain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 5 broken broken JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 6 bones bone NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 177 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 1 Superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 2 somatic somatic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 5 initiated initiate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 7 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 9 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 12 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 14 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 15 superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 16 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 20 sharp sharp JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 22 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 24 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 26 clearly clearly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 27 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 178 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 1 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 3 injuries injury NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 5 produce produce VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 6 superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 7 somatic somatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 9 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 10 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 11 wounds wound NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 13 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 15 first first NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 16 degree degree NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 18 burns burn NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 179 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 4 Neuropathic[edit Neuropathic[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 9 Neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 10 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 11 Neuropathic Neuropathic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 14 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 16 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 18 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 19 affecting affect VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 21 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 24 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 25 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 26 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 28 bodily bodily NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 29 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 32 somatosensory somatosensory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 33 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 180 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 2 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 4 Neuropathic Neuropathic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 8 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 9 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 10 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 12 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 15 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 17 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 19 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 21 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 181 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 1 Peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 2 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 5 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 6 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 9 burning burn VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 13 tingling tingle VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 17 electrical electrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 21 stabbing stab VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 26 pins pin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 28 needles needle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 182 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 2 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 4 Bumping bump VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 7 funny funny JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 8 bone bone NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 10 elicits elicit VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 11 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 12 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 13 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 183 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 1 Nociplastic[edit nociplastic[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 3 Nociplastic nociplastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 7 characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 10 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 11 nociception nociception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 14 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 15 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 17 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 19 threatened threaten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 20 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 21 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 24 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 25 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 27 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 30 somatosensory somatosensory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 31 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 184 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 5 applies apply VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 8 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 11 fibromyalgia fibromyalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 12 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 185 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 1 Psychogenic[edit psychogenic[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 3 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 4 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 6 Psychogenic psychogenic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 8 Psychogenic psychogenic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 12 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 13 psychalgia psychalgia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 15 somatoform somatoform NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 20 caused cause VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 22 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 25 prolonged prolong VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 27 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 29 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 32 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 33 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 186 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 2 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 4 Headache Headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 6 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 10 stomach stomach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 13 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 14 diagnosed diagnose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 16 psychogenic psychogenic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 187 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 2 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 4 Sufferers sufferer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 6 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 7 stigmatized stigmatize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 9 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 10 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 11 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 12 professionals professional NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 15 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 16 public public NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 17 tend tend NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 19 think think VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 21 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 24 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 25 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 27 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 29 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 188 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 3 specialists specialist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 4 consider consider VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 8 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 9 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 10 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 12 hurtful hurtful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 13 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 16 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 18 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 189 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 4 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 6 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 8 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 10 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 11 display display VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 12 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 13 disturbance disturbance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 16 elevated elevated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 17 scores score NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 20 Minnesota Minnesota NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 21 Multiphasic Multiphasic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 22 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 23 Inventory Inventory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 24 scales scale VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 26 hysteria hysteria NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 28 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 30 hypochondriasis hypochondriasis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 34 neurotic neurotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 35 triad triad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 190 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 2 investigators investigator NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 4 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 9 neuroticism neuroticism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 11 causes cause VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 12 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 15 turn turn VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 16 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 19 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 20 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 21 points point VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 24 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 27 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 28 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 29 causing causing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 30 neuroticism neuroticism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 191 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 2 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 7 relieved relieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 9 therapeutic therapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 10 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 12 scores score NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 15 neurotic neurotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 16 triad triad NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 18 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 19 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 21 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 23 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 24 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 192 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 1 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 3 esteem esteem NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 5 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 6 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 8 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 10 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 13 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 14 improvement improvement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 15 once once IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 18 resolved resolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 193 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 2 19]:31–2 19]:31–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 3 Management[edit management[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 5 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 6 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 8 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 9 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 10 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 11 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 13 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 14 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 16 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 18 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 19 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 20 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 21 childbirth childbirth JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 22 Inadequate inadequate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 23 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 27 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 28 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 29 surgical surgical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 30 wards ward NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 32 intensive intensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 33 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 34 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 37 accident accident NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 39 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 40 departments department NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 43 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 44 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 48 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 50 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 51 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 53 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 54 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 55 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 56 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 57 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 61 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 63 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 64 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 194 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 2 80][81][82][83][84][85][86 80][81][82][83][84][85][86 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 5 neglect neglect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 6 extends extend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 8 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 9 ages age NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 12 newborns newborn NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 14 medically medically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 15 frail frail VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 16 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 195 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 2 87][88 87][88 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 4 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 6 Hispanic hispanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 7 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 10 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 11 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 12 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 14 suffer suffer VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 15 unnecessarily unnecessarily RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 19 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 22 physician;[89][90 physician;[89][90 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 25 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 26 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 29 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 30 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 32 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 33 undertreated undertreated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 34 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 35 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 36 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 196 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 2 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 5 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 6 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 9 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 12 advocates advocate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 15 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 18 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 20 recognized recognize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 23 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 24 right right NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 26 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 27 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 28 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 29 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 30 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 31 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 33 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 35 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 36 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 37 right right NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 40 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 41 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 42 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 43 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 44 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 46 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 47 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 49 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 50 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 51 specialty specialty NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 197 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 2 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 7 specialty specialty NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 8 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 10 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 12 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 15 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 198 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 2 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 4 Elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 7 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 10 subspecialty subspecialty NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 11 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 12 disciplines discipline NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 15 anesthesiology anesthesiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 17 physiatry physiatry NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 19 neurology neurology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 21 palliative palliative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 22 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 24 psychiatry psychiatry NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 199 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 2 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 5 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 7 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 8 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 9 Watch Watch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 10 alerted alert VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 12 tens ten NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 14 millions million NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 17 worldwide worldwide RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 19 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 20 denied deny VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 21 access access NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 23 inexpensive inexpensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 24 medications medication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 26 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 200 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 2 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 4 Medication[edit medication[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 6 Acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 9 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 10 managed manage VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 12 medications medication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 15 analgesics analgesic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 17 anesthetics anesthetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 201 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 2 96 96 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 4 Caffeine Caffeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 5 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 6 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 8 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 9 medications medication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 12 ibuprofen ibuprofen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 14 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 15 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 17 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 18 benefit benefit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 202 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 2 97][98 97][98 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 4 Ketamine Ketamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 8 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 10 opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 12 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 13 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 203 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 2 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 4 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 6 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 12 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 13 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 16 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 17 require require VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 19 coordinated coordinated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 20 efforts effort NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 23 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 24 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 25 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 28 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 29 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 30 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 31 practitioners practitioner NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 33 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 34 pharmacists pharmacist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 36 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 37 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 39 physiotherapists physiotherapist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 41 occupational occupational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 42 therapists therapist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 44 physician physician NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 45 assistants assistant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 48 nurse nurse NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 49 practitioners practitioner NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 204 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 2 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 4 Sugar Sugar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 6 sucrose sucrose NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 9 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 11 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 12 reduces reduce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 15 newborn newborn JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 16 babies baby NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 17 undergoing undergo VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 18 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 19 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 20 procedures procedure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 23 lancing lancing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 26 heel heel NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 28 venipuncture venipuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 31 intramuscular intramuscular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 32 injections injection NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 205 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 1 Sugar Sugar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 4 remove remove VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 7 circumcision circumcision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 12 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 13 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 14 sugar sugar NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 15 reduces reduce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 19 procedures procedure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 206 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 2 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 4 Sugar Sugar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 5 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 7 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 10 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 11 electrical electrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 12 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 15 brains brain NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 17 newborns newborn NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 18 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 19 second second NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 20 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 22 heel heel NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 23 lance lance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 24 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 207 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 2 102 102 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 4 Sweet Sweet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 5 liquid liquid NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 7 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 8 moderately moderately RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 9 reduces reduce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 11 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 13 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 15 crying crying NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 16 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 18 immunization immunization NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 19 injection injection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 21 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 22 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 25 twelve twelve CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 26 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 28 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 208 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 2 103 103 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 4 Psychological[edit psychological[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 6 Individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 8 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 9 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 10 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 11 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 12 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 13 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 16 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 17 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 18 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 19 medication medication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 21 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 22 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 23 labor labor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 24 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 27 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 28 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 30 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 31 epidural epidural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 32 anesthesia anesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 33 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 34 childbirth childbirth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 37 suffer suffer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 38 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 39 chest chest NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 40 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 41 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 42 coronary coronary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 43 artery artery NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 44 bypass bypass NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 45 surgery surgery NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 209 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 4 Suggestion suggestion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 6 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 7 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 9 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 210 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 1 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 3 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 5 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 6 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 7 marked mark VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 8 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 9 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 10 receiving receive VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 12 saline saline NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 13 injection injection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 15 believed believe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 18 morphine morphine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 211 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 2 placebo placebo NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 3 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 6 pronounced pronounced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 8 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 11 prone prone JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 13 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 16 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 17 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 18 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 19 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 20 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 22 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 25 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 29 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 30 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 31 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 33 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 35 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 212 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 1 Placebos placebos NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 4 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 6 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 8 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 9 mild mild JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 14 produce produce VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 15 progressively progressively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 16 weaker weak JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 17 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 19 repeated repeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 20 administration administration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 213 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 2 19]:26–8 19]:26–8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 3 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 5 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 7 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 9 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 12 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 13 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 14 absorbed absorb VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 17 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 19 entertainment entertainment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 24 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 25 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 26 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 30 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 31 diminished diminish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 214 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 2 19]:22–3 19]:22–3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 3 Cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 4 behavioral behavioral NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 5 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 7 CBT CBT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 11 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 12 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 14 improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 15 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 17 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 19 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 21 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 25 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 27 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 29 modest modest JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 33 CBT CBT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 34 method method NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 35 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 36 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 37 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 39 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 40 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 41 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 42 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 43 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 215 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 2 104 104 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 4 Acceptance Acceptance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 6 commitment commitment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 7 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 9 ACT ACT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 11 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 14 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 17 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 19 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 20 pain,[105 pain,[105 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 23 may may NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 24 mindfulness mindfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 26 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 28 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 30 MBPM MBPM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 216 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 2 106][107][108 106][107][108 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 5 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 7 meta meta NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 9 analyses analysis NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 10 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 11 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 12 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 13 hypnosis hypnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 16 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 18 controlling control VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 20 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 22 diagnostic diagnostic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 24 surgical surgical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 25 procedures procedure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 27 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 28 adults adult NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 30 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 32 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 33 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 35 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 36 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 38 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 40 childbirth childbirth NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 217 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 2 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 4 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 6 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 8 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 9 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 10 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 11 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 14 efficacy efficacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 16 hypnosis hypnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 19 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 21 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 23 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 24 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 25 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 27 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 29 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 31 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 32 enrolled enrol VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 35 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 36 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 37 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 39 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 40 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 41 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 44 statistical statistical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 45 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 47 detect detect VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 48 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 49 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 52 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 53 lacked lack VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 54 credible credible JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 55 controls control NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 56 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 57 placebo placebo NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 58 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 59 expectation expectation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 218 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 2 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 3 concluded conclude VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 6 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 8 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 9 provide provide VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 10 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 13 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 14 applicability applicability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 16 hypnosis hypnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 19 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 21 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 24 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 25 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 26 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 27 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 29 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 31 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 32 determine determine VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 34 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 36 hypnosis hypnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 38 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 39 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 41 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 42 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 219 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 3 110 110 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 5 Alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 6 medicine[edit medicine[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 8 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 9 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 12 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 13 highest high JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 14 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 15 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 18 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 20 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 22 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 24 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 25 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 27 concluded conclude VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 28 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 30 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 31 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 34 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 36 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 38 faked faked JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 40 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 41 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 220 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 2 111 111 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 6 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 7 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 8 reviews review NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 10 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 12 benefit benefit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 221 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 2 112][113][114 112][113][114 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 4 Additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 6 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 8 tentative tentative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 9 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 12 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 13 herbal herbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 14 medicines medicine NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 222 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 2 115 115 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 4 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 8 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 11 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 13 vitamin vitamin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 14 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 20 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 21 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 22 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 24 controlled control VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 25 trials trial NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 27 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 29 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 32 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 34 osteomalacia osteomalacia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 36 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 37 inconclusive inconclusive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 223 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 5 chronic chronic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 7 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 9 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 11 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 12 back back JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 15 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 16 manipulation manipulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 17 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 18 tiny tiny JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 20 clinically clinically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 21 insignificant insignificant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 23 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 25 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 26 improvements improvement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 28 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 30 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 32 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 33 sham sham NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 34 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 36 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 37 interventions intervention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 224 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 2 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 4 Spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 5 manipulation manipulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 6 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 8 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 9 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 12 treatments treatment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 16 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 17 practitioner practitioner NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 18 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 22 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 23 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 25 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 26 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 29 exercise exercise VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 32 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 34 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 36 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 38 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 39 back back JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 40 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 225 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 2 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 4 Epidemiology[edit epidemiology[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 6 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 9 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 10 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 12 visiting visit VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 14 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 15 department department NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 17 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 18 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 19 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 20 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 22 cases,[118 cases,[118 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 26 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 28 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 29 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 31 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 32 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 33 visits visit NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 226 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 2 119 119 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 4 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 5 epidemiological epidemiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 6 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 8 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 9 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 10 varying vary VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 11 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 12 rates rate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 14 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 17 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 19 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 21 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 22 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 25 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 227 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 2 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 5 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 7 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 9 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 10 approach approach VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 11 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 228 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 2 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 4 4,703 4,703 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 5 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 6 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 8 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 9 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 14 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 15 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 16 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 18 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 20 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 22 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 23 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 26 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 27 month month NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 229 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 2 121 121 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 5 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 7 6,636 6,636 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 8 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 10 0–18 0–18 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 11 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 13 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 15 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 20 5,424 5,424 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 21 respondents respondent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 23 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 24 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 26 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 27 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 30 preceding precede VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 31 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 32 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 230 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 2 quarter quarter NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 3 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 4 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 5 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 6 recurrent recurrent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 8 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 11 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 12 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 14 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 18 third third NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 20 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 21 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 22 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 24 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 25 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 231 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 2 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 4 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 7 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 9 girls girl NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 12 girls girl NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 13 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 14 reports report NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 16 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 18 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 19 markedly markedly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 20 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 21 ages age NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 22 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 24 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 232 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 2 122 122 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 4 History[edit History[edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 6 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 7 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 9 responding respond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 12 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 16 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 17 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 19 describing describe VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 20 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 21 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 24 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 25 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 28 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 30 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 32 IASP IASP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 34 classified classify VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 35 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 36 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 38 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 39 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 41 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 44 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 45 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 233 47 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 1 abdomen abdomen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 3 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 4 limbs limb NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 8 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 9 dysfunction dysfunction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 12 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 16 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 18 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 20 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 23 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 25 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 27 occurrence occurrence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 29 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 31 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 32 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 33 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 36 cause[123 cause[123 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 38 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 40 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 41 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 42 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 43 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 44 criticized criticize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 46 Clifford Clifford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 47 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 48 Woolf Woolf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 50 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 51 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 52 inadequate inadequate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 53 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 54 guiding guide VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 55 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 56 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 57 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 234 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 2 124][non 124][non CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 4 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 5 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 6 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 8 Woolf Woolf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 9 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 10 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 11 classes class NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 15 nociceptive nociceptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 22 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 24 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 25 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 28 infiltration infiltration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 30 immune immune JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 31 cells cell NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 34 pathological pathological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 35 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 36 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 39 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 40 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 41 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 42 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 43 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 46 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 47 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 48 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 49 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 50 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 51 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 52 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 53 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 235 54 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 1 fibromyalgia fibromyalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 3 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 4 neuropathy neuropathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 6 tension tension NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 7 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 8 headache headache NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 10 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 236 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 2 125][non 125][non CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 4 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 5 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 6 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 8 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 10 culture[edit culture[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 13 okipa okipa NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 14 ceremony ceremony NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 16 witnessed witness VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 18 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 19 Catlin Catlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 21 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 22 1835 1835 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 237 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 2 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 4 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 6 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 8 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 10 diversely diversely RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 11 understood understand VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 13 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 15 secular secular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 16 traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 18 antiquity antiquity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 20 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 21 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 238 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 2 126][127 126][127 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 4 Physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 8 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 9 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 10 topic topic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 12 relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 14 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 15 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 17 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 18 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 19 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 20 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 22 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 23 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 25 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 26 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 28 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 29 welfare welfare NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 31 torture torture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 34 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 35 compliance compliance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 239 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 2 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 3 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 6 deliberate deliberate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 7 infliction infliction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 12 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 14 corporal corporal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 15 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 17 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 19 retribution retribution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 22 offence offence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 27 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 29 disciplining discipline VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 31 reforming reform VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 33 wrongdoer wrongdoer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 37 deter deter VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 38 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 40 behaviour behaviour NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 41 deemed deem VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 42 unacceptable unacceptable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 240 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 2 slow slow JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 3 slicing slicing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 6 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 9 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 10 cuts cut NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 14 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 16 execution execution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 18 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 19 reserved reserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 21 crimes crime NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 22 viewed view VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 24 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 25 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 27 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 29 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 30 treason treason NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 32 patricide patricide NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 241 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 3 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 5 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 6 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 9 mortification mortification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 12 flesh flesh NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 14 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 15 rites rite NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 17 passage passage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 19 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 20 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 242 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 5 Sateré Sateré NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 7 Mawé Mawé NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 8 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 10 Brazil Brazil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 11 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 12 intentional intentional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 13 bullet bullet NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 14 ant ant NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 15 stings sting NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 17 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 20 initiation initiation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 21 rites rite VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 23 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 24 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 243 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 2 128 128 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 4 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 6 humans[edit humans[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 9 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 11 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 13 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 15 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 17 invertebrates invertebrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 19 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 20 reliable reliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 21 method method NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 23 assessing assess VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 24 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 26 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 27 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 30 asking ask VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 32 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 33 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 35 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 36 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 37 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 38 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 39 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 40 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 41 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 42 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 43 detected detect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 44 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 45 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 46 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 47 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 48 measure measure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 244 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 3 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 4 infants infant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 6 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 9 answer answer VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 10 questions question NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 11 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 12 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 14 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 17 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 19 defining define VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 20 criterion criterion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 24 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 25 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 26 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 27 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 28 applied apply VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 30 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 245 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 1 Philosophers philosopher NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 3 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 5 responded respond VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 8 difficulty difficulty NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 11 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 13 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 246 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 1 René René NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 2 Descartes Descartes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 4 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 5 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 7 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 8 lack lack VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 9 consciousness consciousness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 11 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 12 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 14 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 17 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 20 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 22 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 23 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 247 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 2 129 129 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 4 Bernard Bernard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 5 Rollin Rollin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 7 Colorado Colorado NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 8 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 9 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 12 principal principal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 13 author author NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 15 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 16 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 17 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 18 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 19 regulating regulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 21 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 23 animals,[b animals,[b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 25 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 27 researchers researcher NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 28 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 29 unsure unsure JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 30 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 32 1980s 1980 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 35 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 36 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 37 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 38 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 41 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 42 veterinarians veterinarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 43 trained train VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 46 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 47 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 48 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 49 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 50 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 51 taught teach VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 52 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 53 ignore ignore VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 54 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 55 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 248 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 5 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 6 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 8 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 11 veterinarians veterinarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 13 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 15 regularly regularly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 16 asked ask VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 19 prove prove VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 21 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 22 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 23 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 24 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 28 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 30 scientifically scientifically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 31 acceptable acceptable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 33 grounds ground NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 34 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 35 claiming claim VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 36 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 37 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 38 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 39 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 249 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 4 Carbone Carbone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 5 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 8 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 10 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 11 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 13 differently differently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 15 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 17 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 18 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 250 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 5 Academic academic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 6 reviews review NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 9 topic topic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 12 equivocal equivocal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 14 noting note VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 16 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 18 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 20 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 21 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 22 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 23 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 24 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 25 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 26 thoughts thought NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 28 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 29 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 30 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 31 support,[132 support,[132 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 33 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 34 critics critic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 35 continue continue VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 37 question question VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 38 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 39 reliably reliably RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 40 animal animal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 41 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 42 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 43 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 44 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 45 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 251 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 2 129][133 129][133 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 5 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 7 invertebrate invertebrate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 8 species specie NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 10 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 14 insects insect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 17 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 18 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 20 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 22 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 23 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 252 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 2 134][135][136 134][135][136 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 5 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 10 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 11 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 14 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 16 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 20 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 22 inferred infer VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 23 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 24 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 26 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 27 reactions reaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 253 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 2 137 137 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 4 Specialists specialist NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 5 currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 6 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 8 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 9 vertebrates vertebrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 10 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 11 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 16 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 17 invertebrates invertebrates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 19 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 21 octopus octopus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 23 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 24 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 254 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 2 134][138][139 134][138][139 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 7 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 9 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 12 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 13 entities entity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 16 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 18 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 19 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 20 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 22 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 23 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 25 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 26 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 27 scientific scientific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 28 reach reach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 30 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 31 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 32 mechanism mechanism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 34 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 36 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 37 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 38 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 39 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 40 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 42 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 255 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 4 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 6 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 7 known known JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 8 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 10 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 13 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 15 fungi fungi NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 18 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 19 insects,[140 insects,[140 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 21 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 23 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 25 fruit fruit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 26 flies fly NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 256 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 2 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 5 vertebrates vertebrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 7 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 8 opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 10 neuromodulators neuromodulator NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 12 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 15 interacting interact VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 17 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 18 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 257 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 2 142 142 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 4 Opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 6 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 7 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 8 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 9 naturally naturally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 11 crustaceans crustacean NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 14 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 16 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 17 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 18 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 19 conclusion conclusion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 20 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 22 drawn,[143 drawn,[143 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 25 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 26 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 28 lobsters lobster NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 29 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 30 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 31 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 33 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 34 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 258 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 2 143][144 143][144 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 4 Opioids Opioids NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 5 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 6 mediate mediate VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 11 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 12 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 15 vertebrates vertebrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 259 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 2 144 144 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 4 Veterinary veterinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 5 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 6 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 9 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 11 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 12 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 16 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 17 analgesics analgesic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 19 anesthetics anesthetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 21 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 23 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 260 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 2 145 145 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 4 Etymology[edit etymology[edit CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 6 First first RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 7 attested attest VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 11 1297 1297 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 14 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 15 peyn peyn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 16 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 19 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 20 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 21 peine peine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 24 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 26 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 27 poena poena NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 28 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 30 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 32 penalty"[146 penalty"[146 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 261 36 L.L. L.L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 1 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 2 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 4 torment torment JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 6 hardship hardship NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 8 suffering suffer VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 14 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 15 ποινή ποινή NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 17 poine poine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 20 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 21 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 23 price price NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 24 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 26 penalty penalty NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 28 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 262 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 2 147][148 147][148 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 5 also[edit also[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 7 Hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 8 adaptation adaptation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 11 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 13 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 14 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 17 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 18 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 19 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 21 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 22 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 23 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 24 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 26 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 27 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 28 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 30 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 33 legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 34 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 35 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 37 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 39 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 40 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 41 caused cause VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 42 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 43 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 44 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 45 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 47 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 51 branch branch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 53 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 54 concerned concern VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 55 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 56 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 58 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 59 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 60 Notes[edit notes[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 61 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 62 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 63 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 64 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 66 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 67 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 68 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 70 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 71 cold cold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 73 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 74 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 75 injuries injury NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 76 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 77 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 78 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 79 exceptionally exceptionally RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 80 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 81 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 82 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 83 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 84 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 85 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 86 felt feel VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 87 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 88 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 89 discomfort discomfort NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 90 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 91 Rollin Rollin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 92 drafted draft VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 93 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 94 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 95 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 96 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 97 Extension Extension NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 98 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 99 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 100 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 101 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 102 welfare welfare NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 103 amendment amendment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 104 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 105 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 106 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 107 Food Food NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 108 Security Security NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 109 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 263 110 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 2 130 130 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 4 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 6 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 7 Raja Raja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 9 Srinivasa Srinivasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 10 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 12 Carr Carr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 14 Daniel Daniel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 15 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 17 Cohen Cohen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 19 Milton Milton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 21 Finnerup Finnerup NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 23 Nanna Nanna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 24 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 26 Flor Flor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 28 Herta Herta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 30 Gibson Gibson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 32 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 33 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 34 Keefe Keefe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 36 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 37 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 39 Mogil Mogil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 41 Jeffrey Jeffrey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 42 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 43 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 44 Ringkamp Ringkamp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 46 Matthias Matthias NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 47 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 48 Sluka Sluka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 50 Kathleen Kathleen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 51 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 52 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 53 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 55 Xue Xue NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 56 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 57 Jun Jun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 58 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 59 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 60 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 61 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 264 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 3 revised revised JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 4 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 5 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 8 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 10 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 11 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 15 concepts concept NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 17 challenges challenge NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 20 compromises compromise NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 265 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 266 1 PAIN PAIN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 266 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 1 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 5 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 8 1976–1982 1976–1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 267 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 268 1 doi:10.1097 doi:10.1097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 268 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 268 3 j.pain.0000000000001939 j.pain.0000000000001939 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 268 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 3 0304 0304 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 5 3959 3959 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 269 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 270 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 270 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 270 3 7680716 7680716 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 270 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 271 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 271 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 271 3 32694387 32694387 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 271 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 2 Cervero Cervero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 4 Fernando Fernando NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 6 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 272 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 1 Understanding understand VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 2 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 5 Exploring explore VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 7 Perception Perception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 9 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 273 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 274 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 274 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 274 3 Mass. Massachusetts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 275 1 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 275 2 MIT MIT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 275 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 275 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 276 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 276 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 277 1 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 277 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 277 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 278 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 278 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 278 3 9780262305433 9780262305433 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 278 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 279 1 OCLC oclc NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 279 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 279 3 809043366 809043366 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 279 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 2 Raj Raj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 3 PP PP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 280 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 2 Taxonomy taxonomy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 4 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 281 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 4 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 6 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 7 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 282 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 283 1 Nova Nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 283 2 Biomedical Biomedical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 283 3 Books Books NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 283 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 284 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 284 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 284 3 9781600210440 9781600210440 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 284 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 2 Debono Debono NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 3 DJ DJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 5 Hoeksema Hoeksema NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 6 LJ LJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 8 Hobbs Hobbs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 9 RD RD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 11 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 12 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 285 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 2 Caring care VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 4 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 6 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 9 pearls pearl NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 11 pitfalls pitfall NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 286 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 6 Osteopathic Osteopathic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 7 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 287 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 1 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 3 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 5 620–7 620–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 288 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 289 1 doi:10.7556 doi:10.7556 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 289 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 289 3 jaoa.2013.023 jaoa.2013.023 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 289 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 290 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 290 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 290 3 23918913 23918913 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 290 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 2 Turk Turk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 3 DC DC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 5 Dworkin Dworkin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 6 RH RH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 8 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 291 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 2 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 3 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 6 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 7 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 9 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 11 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 12 trials trial NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 13 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 292 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 293 1 Arthritis Arthritis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 293 2 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 293 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 293 4 Therapy Therapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 293 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 6 151–4 151–4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 294 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 295 1 doi:10.1186 doi:10.1186 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 295 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 295 3 ar1196 ar1196 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 295 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 296 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 296 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 296 3 464897 464897 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 296 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 297 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 297 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 297 3 15225358 15225358 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 297 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 4 Breivik Breivik NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 5 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 7 Borchgrevink Borchgrevink NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 8 PC PC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 10 Allen Allen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 11 SM SM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 13 Rosseland Rosseland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 14 LA LA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 16 Romundstad Romundstad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 17 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 19 Hals Hals NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 20 EK EK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 22 Kvarstein Kvarstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 23 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 25 Stubhaug Stubhaug NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 26 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 28 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 29 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 298 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 2 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 299 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 300 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 300 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 300 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 300 4 Anaesthesia Anaesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 300 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 1 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 6 17–24 17–24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 301 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 1 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 3 bja bja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 5 aen103 aen103 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 302 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 303 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 303 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 303 3 18487245 18487245 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 303 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 2 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 3 RA RA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 5 Wiffen Wiffen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 6 PJ PJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 8 Derry Derry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 9 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 11 Maguire Maguire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 12 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 14 Roy Roy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 15 YM YM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 17 Tyrrell Tyrrell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 18 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 20 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 21 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 304 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 2 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 3 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 4 prescription prescription JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 6 OTC OTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 8 oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 9 analgesics analgesic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 11 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 13 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 15 overview overview NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 17 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 18 reviews review NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 305 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 2 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 3 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 5 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 6 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 306 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 1 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 6 CD010794 cd010794 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 307 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 308 1 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010794.pub2 doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010794.pub2 UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 308 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 309 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 309 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 309 3 6485506 6485506 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 309 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 310 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 310 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 310 3 26544675 26544675 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 310 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 4 Eisenberger Eisenberger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 5 NI NI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 7 Lieberman Lieberman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 8 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 10 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 311 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 2 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 4 hurts hurt VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 7 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 8 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 11 neurocognitive neurocognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 12 overlap overlap NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 14 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 16 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 17 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 20 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 312 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 2 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 3 KD KD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 313 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 2 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 3 Outcast Outcast NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 5 Ostracism ostracism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 7 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 8 Exclusion Exclusion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 10 Rejection Rejection NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 12 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 13 Bullying Bullying NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 15 Sydney Sydney NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 16 Symposium Symposium NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 18 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 19 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 314 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 1 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 2 Sussex Sussex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 315 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 316 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 316 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 316 3 210 210 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 316 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 317 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 317 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 317 3 9781841694245 9781841694245 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 317 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 2 Garland Garland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 4 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 5 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 7 Brintz Brintz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 9 Carrie Carrie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 10 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 12 Hanley Hanley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 14 Adam Adam NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 15 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 17 Roseen Roseen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 19 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 20 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 22 Atchley Atchley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 24 Rachel Rachel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 25 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 27 Gaylord Gaylord NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 29 Susan Susan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 30 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 32 Faurot Faurot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 34 Keturah Keturah NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 35 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 37 Yaffe Yaffe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 39 Joanne Joanne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 40 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 41 Fiander Fiander NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 43 Michelle Michelle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 45 Keefe Keefe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 47 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 318 48 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 4 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 319 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 2 Mind Mind NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 4 Body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 5 Therapies therapy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 7 Opioid Opioid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 9 Treated Treated NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 10 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 320 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 321 1 JAMA JAMA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 321 2 Internal Internal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 321 3 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 321 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 1 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 6 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 8 doi:10.1001 doi:10.1001 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 10 jamainternmed.2019.4917 jamainternmed.2019.4917 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 322 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 323 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 323 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 323 3 6830441 6830441 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 323 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 324 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 324 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 324 3 31682676 31682676 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 324 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 2 Weyers weyer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 3 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 5 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 325 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 2 Explaining explain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 4 emergence emergence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 6 euthanasia euthanasia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 7 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 10 Netherlands Netherlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 12 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 14 sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 16 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 17 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 18 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 20 sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 22 bioethics bioethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 326 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 1 Sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 3 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 5 Illness Illness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 327 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 1 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 6 802–16 802–16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 328 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 3 j.1467 j.1467 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 5 9566.2006.00543.x 9566.2006.00543.x CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 329 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 330 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 330 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 330 3 17184419 17184419 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 330 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 5 Turk Turk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 6 DC DC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 8 Okifuji Okifuji NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 9 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 11 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 331 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 3 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 5 taxonomies taxonomy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 332 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 2 Bonica Bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 3 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 5 Loeser Loeser NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 6 JD JD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 8 Chapman Chapman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 9 CR CR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 11 Turk Turk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 12 DC DC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 14 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 333 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 1 Bonica Bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 3 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 334 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 1 Hagerstwon Hagerstwon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 3 MD MD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 5 Lippincott Lippincott NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 6 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 8 Wilkins Wilkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 335 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 336 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 336 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 336 3 9780781768276 9780781768276 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 336 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 4 Coda Coda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 5 BA BA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 7 Bonica Bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 8 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 10 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 337 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 2 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 3 considerations consideration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 5 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 338 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 2 Panswick Panswick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 3 CC CC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 5 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 6 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 339 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 5 interdisciplinary interdisciplinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 6 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 340 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 341 1 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 341 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 341 3 Churchill Churchill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 341 4 Livingstone Livingstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 341 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 342 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 342 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 342 3 9780443056833 9780443056833 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 342 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 4 Thienhaus Thienhaus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 5 O O NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 7 Cole Cole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 8 BE BE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 10 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 343 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 2 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 344 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 2 Weiner Weiner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 345 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 5 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 6 guide guide NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 8 clinicians clinician NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 346 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 1 Boca Boca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 2 Raton Raton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 4 CRC CRC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 347 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 348 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 348 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 349 1 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 349 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 350 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 350 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 350 3 9780849322624 9780849322624 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 350 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 5 Jensen Jensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 6 TS TS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 8 Finnerup Finnerup NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 9 NB NB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 11 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 12 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 351 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 2 Allodynia Allodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 4 hyperalgesia hyperalgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 6 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 9 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 10 manifestations manifestation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 352 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 353 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 353 2 Lancet Lancet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 353 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 354 1 Neurology neurology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 354 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 6 924–35 924–35 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 355 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 3 s1474 s1474 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 5 4422(14)70102 4422(14)70102 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 7 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 356 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 357 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 357 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 357 3 25142459 25142459 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 357 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 358 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 358 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 358 3 25011309 25011309 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 358 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 4 Lolignier Lolignier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 5 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 7 Eijkelkamp Eijkelkamp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 8 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 10 Wood Wood NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 11 JN JN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 13 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 14 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 359 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 360 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 360 2 Mechanical mechanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 360 3 allodynia allodynia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 360 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 360 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 361 1 Pflügers Pflügers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 361 2 Archiv Archiv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 361 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 1 467 467 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 6 133–9 133–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 362 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 3 s00424 s00424 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 5 014 014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 7 1532 1532 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 9 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 363 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 364 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 364 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 364 3 4281368 4281368 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 364 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 365 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 365 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 365 3 24846747 24846747 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 365 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 4 Kooijman Kooijman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 5 CM CM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 7 Dijkstra Dijkstra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 8 PU PU NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 10 Geertzen Geertzen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 11 JH JH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 13 Elzinga Elzinga NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 14 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 16 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 17 der der NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 18 Schans Schans NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 19 CP CP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 21 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 22 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 366 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 2 Phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 5 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 6 sensations sensation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 8 upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 9 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 10 amputees amputee VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 13 epidemiological epidemiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 14 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 367 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 368 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 368 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 1 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 6 33–41 33–41 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 369 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 3 S0304 S0304 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 5 3959(00)00264 3959(00)00264 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 7 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 370 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 371 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 371 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 371 3 10863043 10863043 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 371 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 372 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 372 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 372 3 7565030 7565030 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 372 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 2 Jensen Jensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 3 TS TS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 5 Krebs Krebs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 6 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 8 Nielsen Nielsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 9 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 11 Rasmussen Rasmussen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 12 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 14 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 15 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 373 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 2 Phantom phantom JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 3 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 5 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 8 stump stump VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 11 amputees amputee NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 12 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 14 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 15 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 16 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 17 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 18 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 19 amputation amputation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 374 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 375 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 375 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 1 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 6 243–56 243–56 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 376 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 1 doi:10.1016/0304 doi:10.1016/0304 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 3 3959(83)90097 3959(83)90097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 377 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 378 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 378 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 378 3 6657285 6657285 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 378 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 379 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 379 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 379 3 10304696 10304696 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 379 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 2 Jensen Jensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 3 TS TS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 5 Krebs Krebs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 6 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 8 Nielsen Nielsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 9 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 11 Rasmussen Rasmussen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 12 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 14 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 15 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 380 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 2 Immediate immediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 4 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 6 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 7 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 8 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 11 amputees amputee NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 13 incidence incidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 15 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 16 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 18 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 20 pre pre VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 21 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 22 amputation amputation JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 23 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 24 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 381 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 382 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 382 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 1 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 6 267–78 267–78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 383 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 1 doi:10.1016/0304 doi:10.1016/0304 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 3 3959(85)90090 3959(85)90090 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 5 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 384 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 385 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 385 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 385 3 3991231 3991231 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 385 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 386 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 386 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 386 3 24358789 24358789 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 386 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 7 f f NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 8 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 9 PD PD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 11 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 12 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 14 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 387 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 2 challenge challenge NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 6 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 7 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 388 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 4 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 5 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 389 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 390 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 390 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 390 3 9780140256703 9780140256703 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 390 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 2 Ramachandran Ramachandran NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 3 VS VS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 5 Rogers Rogers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 7 Ramachandran Ramachandran NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 8 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 10 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 11 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 391 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 2 Synaesthesia Synaesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 4 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 5 limbs limb NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 6 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 8 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 392 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 393 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 393 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 394 1 Biological Biological NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 394 2 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 394 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 1 263 263 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 3 1369 1369 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 6 377–86 377–86 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 395 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 396 1 Bibcode:1996RSPSB.263 Bibcode:1996RSPSB.263 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 396 2 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-4928 396 3 377R. 377r. CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 397 1 doi:10.1098 doi:10.1098 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 397 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 397 3 rspb.1996.0058 rspb.1996.0058 : en-wikipedia-org-4928 397 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 398 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 398 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 398 3 8637922 8637922 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 398 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 399 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 399 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 399 3 4819370 4819370 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 399 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 2 Mishra Mishra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 5 Bhatnagar Bhatnagar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 6 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 8 Chaudhary Chaudhary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 9 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 11 Rana Rana NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 12 SP SP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 14 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 15 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 400 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 2 Breakthrough breakthrough JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 3 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 6 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 8 prevalence prevalence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 10 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 12 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 401 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 1 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 4 Palliative Palliative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 5 Care Care NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 402 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 1 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 6 14–8 14–8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 403 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 404 1 doi:10.4103/0973 doi:10.4103/0973 VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 404 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 404 3 1075.53506 1075.53506 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 404 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 405 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 405 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 405 3 2886208 2886208 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 405 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 406 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 406 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 406 3 20606850 20606850 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 406 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 2 Caraceni Caraceni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 5 Hanks Hanks NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 6 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 8 Kaasa Kaasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 9 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 11 Bennett Bennett NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 12 MI MI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 14 Brunelli Brunelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 15 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 17 Cherny Cherny NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 18 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 20 Dale Dale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 21 O O NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 23 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 24 Conno Conno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 25 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 27 Fallon Fallon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 28 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 30 Hanna Hanna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 31 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 33 Haugen Haugen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 34 DF DF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 36 Juhl Juhl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 37 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 39 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 40 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 42 Klepstad Klepstad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 43 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 45 Laugsand Laugsand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 46 EA EA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 48 Maltoni Maltoni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 49 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 51 Mercadante Mercadante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 52 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 54 Nabal Nabal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 55 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 57 Pigni Pigni NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 58 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 60 Radbruch Radbruch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 61 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 63 Reid Reid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 64 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 66 Sjogren Sjogren NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 67 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 69 Stone Stone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 70 PC PC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 72 Tassinari Tassinari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 73 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 75 Zeppetella Zeppetella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 76 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 77 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 78 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 79 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 80 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 407 81 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 2 Use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 4 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 5 analgesics analgesic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 8 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 10 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 13 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 15 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 16 recommendations recommendation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 19 EAPC EAPC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 22 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 408 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 409 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 409 2 Lancet Lancet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 409 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 410 1 Oncology oncology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 410 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 6 e58 e58 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 8 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 411 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 3 S1470 s1470 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 5 2045(12)70040 2045(12)70040 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 412 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 413 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 413 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 413 3 22300860 22300860 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 413 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 9 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 10 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 11 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 414 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 2 Beecher Beecher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 3 HK HK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 5 1959 1959 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 415 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 416 1 Measurement measurement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 416 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 416 3 subjective subjective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 416 4 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 416 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 4 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 5 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 417 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 1 cited cite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 3 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 4 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 6 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 7 PD PD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 9 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 418 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 2 challenge challenge NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 6 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 7 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 419 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 420 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 420 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 420 3 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 420 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 421 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 421 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 421 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 421 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 7 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 9 025670 025670 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 422 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 3 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 4 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 7 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 9 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 12 Definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 423 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 6 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 7 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 424 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 425 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 425 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 425 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 425 4 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 425 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 4 unpleasant unpleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 5 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 7 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 8 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 9 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 11 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 13 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 14 tissue tissue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 15 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 18 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 20 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 22 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 23 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 24 Alt Alt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 25 URL URL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 26 Derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 28 Bonica Bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 29 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 31 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 32 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 426 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 3 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 6 taxonomy taxonomy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 427 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 428 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 428 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 6 247–8 247–8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 429 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 1 doi:10.1016/0304 doi:10.1016/0304 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 3 3959(79)90046 3959(79)90046 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 430 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 431 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 431 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 431 3 460931 460931 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 431 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 432 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 432 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 432 3 53161389 53161389 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 432 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 5 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 6 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 9 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 12 | | NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 13 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 14 Definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 16 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 17 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 18 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 19 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 20 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 433 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 2 Nikola Nikola NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 3 Grahek Grahek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 5 Feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 8 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 11 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 12 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 13 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 14 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 17 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 18 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 20 Oldenburg Oldenburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 22 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 434 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 435 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 435 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 435 3 9780262517324 9780262517324 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 435 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 6 Nagasako Nagasako NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 7 EM EM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 9 Oaklander Oaklander NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 10 AL AL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 12 Dworkin Dworkin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 13 RH RH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 15 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 16 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 436 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 2 Congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 3 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 5 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 8 update update NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 437 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 438 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 438 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 1 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 6 213–9 213–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 439 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 3 S0304 s0304 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 5 3959(02)00482 3959(02)00482 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 7 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 440 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 441 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 441 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 441 3 12583863 12583863 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 441 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 442 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 442 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 442 3 206055264 206055264 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 442 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 2 Brand brand NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 3 PW PW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 5 Yancey Yancey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 6 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 8 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 443 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 2 gift gift NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 6 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 7 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 8 hurt hurt VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 9 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 10 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 11 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 12 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 13 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 14 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 444 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 1 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 2 Rapids Rapids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 4 Mich Mich NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 6 Zondervan Zondervan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 7 Publ Publ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 445 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 446 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 446 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 446 3 9780310221449 9780310221449 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 446 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 2 Lipsky Lipsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 3 BA BA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 5 Berendt Berendt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 6 AR AR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 8 Deery Deery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 9 HG HG NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 11 Embil Embil NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 12 JM JM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 14 Joseph Joseph NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 15 WS WS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 17 Karchmer Karchmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 18 AW AW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 20 LeFrock LeFrock NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 21 JL JL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 23 Lew Lew NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 24 DP DP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 26 Mader Mader NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 27 JT JT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 29 Norden Norden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 30 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 32 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 33 JS JS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 35 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 36 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 447 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 2 Diagnosis diagnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 4 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 6 diabetic diabetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 7 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 8 infections infection NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 448 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 449 1 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 449 2 Infectious Infectious NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 449 3 Diseases Diseases NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 449 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 1 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 6 885–910 885–910 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 450 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 451 1 doi:10.1086/424846 doi:10.1086/424846 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 451 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 452 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 452 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 452 3 15472838 15472838 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 452 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 4 Axelrod Axelrod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 5 FB FB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 7 Hilz Hilz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 8 MJ MJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 10 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 11 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 453 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 2 Inherited inherit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 3 autonomic autonomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 4 neuropathies neuropathy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 454 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 455 1 Seminars Seminars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 455 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 455 3 Neurology Neurology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 455 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 1 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 6 381–90 381–90 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 456 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 1 doi:10.1055 doi:10.1055 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 3 s-2004 s-2004 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 5 817722 817722 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 457 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 458 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 458 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 458 3 15088259 15088259 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 458 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 2 Raouf Raouf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 5 Quick Quick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 6 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 8 Wood Wood NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 9 JN JN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 11 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 12 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 459 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 2 Pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 5 channelopathy channelopathy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 460 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 4 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 5 Investigation Investigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 461 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 1 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 6 3745–52 3745–52 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 462 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 463 1 doi:10.1172 doi:10.1172 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 463 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 463 3 JCI43158 JCI43158 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 463 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 464 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 464 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 464 3 2965577 2965577 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 464 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 465 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 465 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 465 3 21041956 21041956 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 465 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 2 Hart Hart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 3 RP RP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 5 Wade Wade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 6 JB JB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 8 Martelli Martelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 9 MF MF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 11 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 12 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 466 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 2 Cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 3 impairment impairment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 5 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 7 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 11 significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 13 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 467 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 1 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 2 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 4 Headache Headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 5 Reports Reports NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 468 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 1 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 6 116–26 116–26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 469 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 3 s11916 s11916 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 5 003 003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 7 0021 0021 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 9 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 470 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 471 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 471 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 471 3 12628053 12628053 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 471 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 472 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 472 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 472 3 14104974 14104974 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 472 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 2 Bruehl Bruehl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 5 Burns Burns NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 6 JW JW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 8 Chung Chung NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 9 OY OY NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 11 Chont Chont NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 12 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 14 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 15 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 473 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 4 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 7 trait trait NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 8 anger anger NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 9 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 11 neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 12 substrates substrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 15 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 17 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 18 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 474 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 475 1 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 475 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 475 3 Biobehavioral Biobehavioral NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 475 4 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 475 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 1 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 6 475–91 475–91 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 476 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 477 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 477 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 477 3 j.neubiorev.2008.12.003 j.neubiorev.2008.12.003 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 477 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 478 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 478 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 478 3 2756489 2756489 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 478 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 479 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 479 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 479 3 19146872 19146872 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 479 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 2 Merskey Merskey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 3 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 5 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 480 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 5 Psychoanalitic Psychoanalitic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 6 Ideas Ideas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 7 Concerning concern VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 8 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 481 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 2 Weisberg Weisberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 3 JN JN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 5 Gatchel Gatchel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 6 RJ RJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 482 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 1 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 2 Characteristics Characteristics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 4 Patients Patients NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 5 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 483 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 2 Psychological Psychological NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 3 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 5 APA APA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 484 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 7 55798 55798 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 9 646 646 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 485 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 2 Bresin Bresin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 3 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 5 Kling Kling NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 6 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 8 Verona Verona NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 9 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 11 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 486 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 3 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 5 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 6 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 9 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 10 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 11 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 12 affect affect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 14 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 15 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 17 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 487 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 1 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 2 Disorders Disorders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 4 Theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 6 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 9 Treatment Treatment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 488 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 1 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 6 273–283 273–283 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 489 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 490 1 doi:10.1037 doi:10.1037 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 490 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 490 3 per0000248 per0000248 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 490 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 491 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 491 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 491 3 5624817 5624817 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 491 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 3 28368146.CS1 28368146.cs1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 4 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 6 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 7 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 9 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 10 list list NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 12 link link NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 14 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 16 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 17 Linton Linton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 492 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 493 1 Models model NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 493 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 493 3 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 493 4 Perception Perception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 493 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 494 1 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 494 2 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 494 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 494 4 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 494 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 495 1 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 495 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 4 Dallenbach Dallenbach NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 5 KM KM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 7 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 8 1939 1939 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 496 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 6 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 7 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 497 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 498 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 498 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 498 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 498 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 498 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 1 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 6 331–347 331–347 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 499 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 500 1 doi:10.2307/1416740 doi:10.2307/1416740 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 500 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 501 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 501 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 501 3 1416740 1416740 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 501 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 4 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 5 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 7 Katz Katz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 8 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 10 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 502 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 3 Gate Gate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 4 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 5 Theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 7 Reaching reach VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 10 Brain Brain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 503 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 2 Craig Craig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 3 KD KD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 5 Hadjistavropoulos Hadjistavropoulos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 6 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 504 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 505 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 505 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 505 3 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 505 4 perspectives perspective NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 505 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 1 Mahwah Mahwah NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 3 N.J N.J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 5 Lawrence Lawrence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 6 Erlbaum Erlbaum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 7 Associates Associates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 9 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 506 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 507 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 507 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 507 3 9780415650618 9780415650618 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 507 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 5 Bonica Bonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 6 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 8 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 508 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 5 concepts concept NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 7 therapies therapy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 509 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 510 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 510 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 510 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 510 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 510 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 1 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 4 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 511 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 3 Lea Lea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 5 Febiger Febiger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 512 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 513 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 513 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 513 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 513 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 514 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 514 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 514 3 9780812111224 9780812111224 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 514 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 2 Finger Finger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 515 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 1 Origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 3 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 6 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 8 explorations exploration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 9 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 10 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 11 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 516 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 1 USA USA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 517 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 518 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 518 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 518 3 149 149 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 518 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 519 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 519 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 519 3 9780195146943 9780195146943 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 519 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 2 Woolf Woolf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 3 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 5 Ma Ma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 6 Q Q NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 8 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 9 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 520 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 2 Nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 3 -- -- : en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 4 noxious noxious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 5 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 6 detectors detector NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 521 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 522 1 Neuron neuron UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 522 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 1 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 6 353–64 353–64 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 523 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 524 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 524 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 524 3 j.neuron.2007.07.016 j.neuron.2007.07.016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 524 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 525 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 525 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 525 3 17678850 17678850 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 525 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 526 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 526 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 526 3 13576368 13576368 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 526 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 4 Marchand Marchand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 5 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 7 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 527 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 2 Applied applied JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 4 neurophysiology neurophysiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 528 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 2 Beaulieu Beaulieu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 3 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 5 Lussier lussier NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 6 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 8 Porreca Porreca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 9 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 11 Dickenson Dickenson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 12 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 14 eds eds NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 529 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 530 1 Pharmacology pharmacology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 530 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 530 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 530 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 1 Seattle Seattle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 3 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 4 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 7 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 9 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 10 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 531 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 532 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 532 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 533 1 3–26 3–26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 533 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 7 931092 931092 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 9 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 534 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 2 Skevington Skevington NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 5 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 535 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 536 1 Psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 536 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 536 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 536 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 537 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 537 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 537 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 537 4 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 537 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 538 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 538 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 538 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 538 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 539 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 539 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 539 3 9780471957737 9780471957737 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 539 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 2 Skevington Skevington NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 3 SM SM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 5 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 540 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 541 1 Psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 541 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 541 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 541 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 1 Chichester chichester NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 3 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 5 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 542 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 543 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 543 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 543 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 543 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 544 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 544 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 544 3 9780471957737 9780471957737 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 544 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 2 Craig Craig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 3 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 5 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 545 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 5 labeled label VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 6 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 7 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 8 convergence convergence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 10 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 11 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 546 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 547 1 Annual Annual NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 547 2 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 547 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 547 4 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 547 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 548 1 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 548 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 548 3 1–30 1–30 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 548 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 549 1 doi:10.1146 doi:10.1146 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 549 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 549 3 annurev.neuro.26.041002.131022 annurev.neuro.26.041002.131022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 549 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 550 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 550 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 550 3 12651967 12651967 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 550 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 551 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 551 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 551 3 12387848 12387848 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 551 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 2 Romanelli Romanelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 3 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 5 Esposito Esposito NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 6 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 8 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 9 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 552 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 3 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 4 anatomy anatomy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 6 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 553 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 1 Neurosurgery Neurosurgery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 2 Clinics Clinics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 4 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 5 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 554 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 1 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 6 257–68 257–68 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 555 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 556 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 556 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 556 3 j.nec.2004.02.010 j.nec.2004.02.010 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 556 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 557 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 557 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 557 3 15246335 15246335 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 557 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 2 Melzack Melzack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 5 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 6 PD PD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 8 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 9 1965 1965 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 558 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 6 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 7 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 10 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 559 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 560 1 Science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 560 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 1 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 3 3699 3699 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 6 971–9 971–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 561 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 562 1 Bibcode:1965Sci Bibcode:1965Sci NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 562 2 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-4928 562 3 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 562 4 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 562 5 971M. 971m. CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 563 1 doi:10.1126 doi:10.1126 VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 563 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 563 3 science.150.3699.971 science.150.3699.971 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 563 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 564 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 564 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 564 3 5320816 5320816 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 564 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 9 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 10 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 11 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 565 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 2 Lynn Lynn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 3 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 5 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 566 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 567 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 567 2 Cutaneous cutaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 567 3 nociceptors nociceptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 567 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 567 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 2 Winlow Winlow NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 3 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 5 Holden Holden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 6 AV AV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 568 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 2 neurobiology neurobiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 6 Symposium symposium NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 9 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 10 Neurobiology Neurobiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 11 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 13 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 15 Leeds Leeds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 17 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 18 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 19 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 569 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 1 Manchester manchester NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 3 Manchester Manchester NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 570 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 571 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 571 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 571 3 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 571 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 572 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 572 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 572 3 9780719009969 9780719009969 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 572 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 2 Bernston Bernston NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 3 GG GG NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 5 Cacioppo Cacioppo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 6 JT JT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 8 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 573 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 3 neuroevolution neuroevolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 5 motivation motivation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 574 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 2 Gardner Gardner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 3 WL WL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 5 Shah Shah NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 6 JY JY NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 575 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 576 1 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 576 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 576 3 Motivation Motivation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 576 4 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 576 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 5 Guilford Guilford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 577 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 578 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 578 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 578 3 191 191 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 578 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 579 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 579 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 579 3 9781593855680 9781593855680 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 579 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 2 Dawkins dawkin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 5 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 580 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 2 Greatest Greatest NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 3 Show Show NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 5 Earth Earth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 581 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 582 1 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 582 2 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 582 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 583 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 583 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 584 1 392–395 392–395 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 584 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 2 Steinkopf Steinkopf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 3 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 5 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 6 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 585 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 2 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 3 Evolutionary Evolutionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 4 Perspective Perspective NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 7 Communication Communication NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 586 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 587 1 Evolutionary Evolutionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 587 2 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 587 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 1 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 6 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 8 doi:10.1177/1474704916653964 doi:10.1177/1474704916653964 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 588 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 2 Sarno Sarno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 3 JE JE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 5 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 589 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 2 divided divided JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 3 mind mind NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 6 epidemic epidemic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 8 mindbody mindbody NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 9 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 590 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 591 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 591 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 591 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 591 4 ReganBooks ReganBooks NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 591 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 592 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 592 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 592 3 9780061174308 9780061174308 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 592 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 4 Fillingim Fillingim NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 5 RB RB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 7 Loeser Loeser NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 8 JD JD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 10 Baron Baron NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 11 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 13 Edwards Edwards NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 14 RR RR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 16 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 17 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 593 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 2 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 4 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 5 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 7 Domains Domains NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 9 Methods Methods NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 12 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 594 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 595 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 595 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 595 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 595 4 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 595 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 1 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 4 Suppl Suppl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 7 T10 T10 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 9 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 596 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 597 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 597 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 597 3 j.jpain.2015.08.010 j.jpain.2015.08.010 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 597 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 598 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 598 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 598 3 5010652 5010652 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 598 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 599 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 599 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 599 3 27586827 27586827 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 599 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 2 Amico amico NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 3 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 5 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 600 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 1 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 3 physical physical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 4 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 6 nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 601 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 602 1 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 602 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 602 3 Pearson Pearson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 602 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 603 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 603 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 603 3 173 173 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 603 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 604 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 604 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 604 3 9780133876406 9780133876406 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 604 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 2 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 3 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 605 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 1 Fundamentals fundamental NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 3 nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 7 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 9 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 11 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 13 centered center VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 14 nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 15 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 606 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 1 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 3 Wolters Wolters NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 4 Kluwer Kluwer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 5 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 607 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 608 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 608 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 608 3 241 241 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 608 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 609 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 609 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 609 3 9781451185614 9781451185614 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 609 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 2 Venes Venes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 3 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 610 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 1 Taber Taber NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 3 cyclopedic cyclopedic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 4 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 5 dictionary dictionary NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 611 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 612 1 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 612 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 612 3 F.A. F.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 613 1 Davis Davis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 613 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 614 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 614 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 614 3 1716 1716 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 614 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 615 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 615 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 615 3 9780803629776 9780803629776 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 615 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 2 Prkachin Prkachin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 3 KM KM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 5 Solomon Solomon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 6 PE PE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 8 Ross Ross NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 9 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 11 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 12 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 616 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 2 Underestimation Underestimation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 6 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 8 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 9 providers provider NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 11 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 13 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 16 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 18 inferring infer VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 21 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 617 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 2 Canadian Canadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 5 Nursing Nursing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 6 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 618 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 1 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 6 88–106 88–106 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 619 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 620 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 620 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 620 3 17679587 17679587 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 620 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 2 McCaffery McCaffery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 3 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 5 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 621 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 1 Nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 2 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 3 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 4 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 6 cognition cognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 8 bodily bodily RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 12 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 14 environment environment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 15 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 622 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 1 Los Los NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 2 Angeles Angeles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 4 UCLA UCLA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 5 Students Students NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 6 Store Store NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 623 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 1 More more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 2 recently recently RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 4 McCaffery McCaffery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 5 defined define VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 9 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 11 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 12 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 13 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 17 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 18 whenever whenever WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 20 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 21 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 22 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 24 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 624 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 1 Pasero Pasero NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 2 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 4 McCaffery McCaffery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 5 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 7 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 625 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 626 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 626 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 626 3 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 626 4 manual manual NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 626 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 627 1 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 627 2 Louis Louis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 627 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 627 4 Mosby Mosby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 627 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 628 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 628 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 628 3 9780815156093 9780815156093 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 628 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 2 Kelly Kelly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 3 AM AM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 5 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 6 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 629 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 3 minimum minimum JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 4 clinically clinically RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 5 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 6 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 8 visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 9 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 10 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 12 score score NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 13 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 15 differ differ VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 17 severity severity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 19 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 630 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 631 1 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 631 2 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 631 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 631 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 1 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 6 205–7 205–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 632 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 633 1 doi:10.1136 doi:10.1136 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 633 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 633 3 emj.18.3.205 emj.18.3.205 '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 633 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 634 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 634 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 634 3 1725574 1725574 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 634 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 635 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 635 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 635 3 11354213 11354213 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 635 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 2 Hawker Hawker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 3 GA GA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 5 Mian Mian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 6 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 8 Kendzerska Kendzerska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 9 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 11 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 12 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 14 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 15 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 636 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 2 Measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 4 adult adult NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 7 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 8 Analog Analog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 9 Scale Scale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 13 VAS VAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 14 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 17 Numeric Numeric NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 18 Rating Rating NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 19 Scale Scale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 21 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 23 NRS NRS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 24 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 27 McGill McGill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 28 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 29 Questionnaire Questionnaire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 31 MPQ MPQ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 34 Short Short NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 36 Form Form NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 37 McGill McGill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 38 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 39 Questionnaire Questionnaire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 41 SF SF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 43 MPQ MPQ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 46 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 47 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 48 Grade Grade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 49 Scale Scale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 51 CPGS CPGS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 54 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 55 Form-36 form-36 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 56 Bodily Bodily NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 57 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 58 Scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 59 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 60 SF-36 SF-36 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 61 BPS BPS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 65 Measure measure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 66 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 67 Intermittent Intermittent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 68 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 69 Constant Constant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 70 Osteoarthritis osteoarthritis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 71 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 72 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 73 ICOAP ICOAP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 74 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 75 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 637 76 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 638 1 Arthritis Arthritis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 638 2 Care Care NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 638 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 638 4 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 638 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 1 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 2 Suppl suppl NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 5 S11 S11 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 8 S240 S240 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 10 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 639 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 640 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 640 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 640 3 acr.20543 acr.20543 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 640 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 641 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 641 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 641 3 22588748 22588748 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 641 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 5 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 7 Sharon Sharon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 8 Mantik Mantik NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 10 Bucher Bucher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 12 Linda Linda NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 14 Heitkemper Heitkemper NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 16 Margaret Margaret NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 17 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 19 Margaret Margaret NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 20 McLean McLean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 23 Harding Harding NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 25 Mariann Mariann NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 27 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 642 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 1 Medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 3 surgical surgical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 4 nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 6 Assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 8 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 10 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 11 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 13 10th 10th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 14 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 643 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 1 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 2 Louis Louis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 4 Missouri Missouri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 6 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 644 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 645 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 645 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 645 3 126 126 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 645 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 646 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 646 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 646 3 9780323328524 9780323328524 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 646 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 647 1 OCLC oclc NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 647 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 647 3 944472408 944472408 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 647 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 5 Jarvis Jarvis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 6 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 8 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 648 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 1 Physical Physical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 2 examination examination NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 4 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 5 assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 649 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 1 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 2 Louis Louis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 4 Mo Mo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 6 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 7 Saunders Saunders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 650 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 651 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 651 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 652 1 180–192 180–192 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 652 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 653 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 653 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 653 3 9781455728107 9781455728107 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 653 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 2 Encandela Encandela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 3 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 5 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 6 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 654 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 2 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 3 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 6 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 9 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 10 Zborowski Zborowski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 13 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 16 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 17 agenda agenda NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 655 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 656 1 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 656 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 656 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 656 4 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 656 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 6 783–91 783–91 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 657 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 1 doi:10.1016/0277 doi:10.1016/0277 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 3 9536(93)90039 9536(93)90039 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 5 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 658 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 659 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 659 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 659 3 8480223 8480223 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 659 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 2 Zborowski Zborowski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 3 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 4 People People NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 660 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 1 1969 1969 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 3 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 4 Francisco Francisco NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 6 CA CA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 8 Josey Josey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 10 Bass Bass NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 11 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 12 Encandela Encandela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 13 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 15 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 661 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 2 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 3 Construction Construction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 7 aging age VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 9 Individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 10 artfulness artfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 11 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 12 interpretive interpretive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 13 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 662 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 663 1 Symbolic Symbolic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 663 2 Interaction Interaction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 663 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 1 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 6 251–273 251–273 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 664 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 665 1 doi:10.1525 doi:10.1525 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 665 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 665 3 si.1997.20.3.251 si.1997.20.3.251 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 665 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 2 Lawhorne Lawhorne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 3 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 5 Passerini Passerini NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 8 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 666 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 1 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 2 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 3 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 6 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 7 Term Term NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 8 Care Care NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 9 Setting setting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 11 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 12 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 13 Guidelines Guidelines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 667 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 1 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 3 Maryland Maryland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 6 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 7 Directors Directors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 8 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 668 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 669 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 669 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 670 1 1–27 1–27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 670 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 2 Epstein Epstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 4 Randy Randy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 6 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 7 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 8 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 671 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 2 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 3 Doctors doctor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 4 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 5 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 6 Listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 8 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 672 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 673 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 673 2 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 673 3 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 673 4 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 673 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 674 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 674 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 674 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 674 4 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 674 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 2 Fasslet Fasslet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 4 Joe Joe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 6 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 7 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 675 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 2 How how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 3 Doctors doctor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 4 Take take VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 5 Women Women NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 7 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 8 Less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 9 Seriously seriously RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 676 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 677 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 677 2 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 677 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 678 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 678 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 678 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 678 4 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 678 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 3 Stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 5 Misunderstanding Misunderstanding NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 6 Women Women NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 8 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 679 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 680 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 680 2 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 680 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 681 1 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 681 2 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 681 3 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 681 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 682 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 682 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 682 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 682 4 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 682 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 2 Panju Panju NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 3 AA AA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 5 Hemmelgarn Hemmelgarn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 6 BR BR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 8 Guyatt Guyatt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 9 GH GH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 11 Simel Simel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 12 DL DL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 14 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 15 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 683 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 3 rational rational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 4 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 5 examination examination NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 684 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 1 Is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 3 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 4 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 6 myocardial myocardial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 7 infarction infarction NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 685 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 686 1 JAMA JAMA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 686 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 1 280 280 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 3 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 6 1256–63 1256–63 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 687 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 688 1 doi:10.1001 doi:10.1001 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 688 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 688 3 jama.280.14.1256 jama.280.14.1256 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 688 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 689 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 689 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 689 3 9786377 9786377 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 689 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 2 Slater Slater NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 3 EE EE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 5 DeSanctis DeSanctis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 6 RW RW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 8 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 9 1976 1976 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 690 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 3 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 4 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 6 dissecting dissecting JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 7 aortic aortic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 8 aneurysm aneurysm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 691 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 5 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 692 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 1 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 6 625–33 625–33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 693 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 1 doi:10.1016/0002 doi:10.1016/0002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 3 9343(76)90496 9343(76)90496 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 5 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 694 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 695 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 695 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 695 3 1020750 1020750 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 695 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 2 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 3 JE JE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 5 Chatterjee Chatterjee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 6 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 8 Younger Younger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 9 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 11 Mackey Mackey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 12 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 14 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 15 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 696 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 2 Towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 4 physiology physiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 7 measure measure NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 11 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 13 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 14 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 15 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 16 distinguish distinguish VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 17 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 19 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 20 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 21 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 22 thermal thermal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 23 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 697 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 698 1 PLOS PLOS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 698 2 ONE one CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 698 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 6 e24124 e24124 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 699 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 700 1 Bibcode:2011PLoSO Bibcode:2011PLoSO NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 700 2 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 700 3 624124B. 624124b. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 701 1 doi:10.1371 doi:10.1371 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 701 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 701 3 journal.pone.0024124 journal.pone.0024124 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 701 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 702 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 702 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 702 3 3172232 3172232 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 702 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 703 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 703 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 703 3 21931652 21931652 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 703 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 2 Paddock Paddock NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 3 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 5 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 6 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 7 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 704 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 2 Tool tool NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 3 That that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 4 Measures measure VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 5 Pain pain VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 6 Objectively objectively RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 7 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 8 Way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 705 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 706 1 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 706 2 News News NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 706 3 Today Today NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 706 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 6 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 7 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 8 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 707 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 708 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 708 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 708 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 708 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 708 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 2 Reuters Reuters NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 3 Editorial Editorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 5 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 6 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 7 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 709 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 710 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 710 2 Feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 710 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 710 4 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 2 computer computer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 4 tell tell VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 711 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 712 1 Reuters Reuters NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 712 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 6 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 7 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 713 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 714 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 714 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 714 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 714 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 714 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 2 Urch Urch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 3 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 5 Suzuki Suzuki NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 6 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 8 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 9 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 10 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 715 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 2 Pathophysiology Pathophysiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 4 somatic somatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 6 visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 9 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 10 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 716 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 2 Sykes Sykes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 3 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 5 Bennett Bennett NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 6 MI MI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 8 Yuan Yuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 9 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 11 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 13 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 717 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 1 Clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 2 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 3 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 5 Cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 8 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 9 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 718 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 719 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 719 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 719 3 Hodder Hodder NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 719 4 Arnold Arnold NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 719 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 720 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 720 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 721 1 3–12 3–12 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 721 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 7 340 340 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 9 94007 94007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 11 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 722 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 2 Treede Treede NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 3 RD RD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 5 Jensen Jensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 6 TS TS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 8 Campbell Campbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 9 JN JN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 11 Cruccu Cruccu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 12 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 14 Dostrovsky Dostrovsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 15 JO JO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 17 Griffin Griffin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 18 JW JW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 20 Hansson Hansson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 21 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 23 Hughes Hughes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 24 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 26 Nurmikko Nurmikko NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 27 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 29 Serra Serra NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 30 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 32 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 33 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 723 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 2 Neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 5 redefinition redefinition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 8 grading grade VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 9 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 11 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 13 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 14 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 724 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 725 1 Neurology neurology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 725 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 1 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 6 1630–5 1630–5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 726 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 727 1 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000282763.29778.59 doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000282763.29778.59 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 727 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 728 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 728 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 728 3 18003941 18003941 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 728 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 729 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 729 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 729 3 30172528 30172528 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 729 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 2 Paice Paice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 3 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 5 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 730 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 2 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 4 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 6 neuropathic neuropathic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 9 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 12 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 731 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 4 Supportive Supportive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 5 Oncology Oncology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 732 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 1 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 6 107–20 107–20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 733 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 734 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 734 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 734 3 15352654 15352654 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 734 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 9 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 10 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 11 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 735 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 736 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 736 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 736 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 736 4 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 736 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 2 Kosek Kosek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 4 Eva Eva NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 6 Cohen Cohen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 8 Milton Milton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 10 Baron Baron NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 12 Ralf Ralf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 14 Gebhart Gebhart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 16 Gerald Gerald NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 17 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 19 Mico Mico NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 21 Juan Juan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 23 Antonio Antonio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 25 Rice Rice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 27 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 28 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 29 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 30 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 31 Rief Rief NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 33 Winfried winfried JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 35 Sluka Sluka NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 37 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 38 Kathleen Kathleen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 40 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 41 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 737 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 2 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 3 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 4 need need VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 7 mechanistic mechanistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 8 descriptor descriptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 10 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 12 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 13 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 738 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 739 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 739 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 1 157 157 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 6 1382–1386 1382–1386 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 740 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 741 1 doi:10.1097 doi:10.1097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 741 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 741 3 j.pain.0000000000000507 j.pain.0000000000000507 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 741 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 742 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 742 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 742 3 26835783 26835783 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 742 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 1 Derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 3 Kosek Kosek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 4 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 6 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 7 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 743 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 744 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 744 2 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 744 3 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 744 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 744 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 2 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 3 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 4 need need VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 7 mechanistic mechanistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 8 descriptor descriptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 10 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 12 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 13 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 745 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 746 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 746 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 1 157 157 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 6 1382–6 1382–6 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 747 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 748 1 doi:10.1097 doi:10.1097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 748 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 748 3 j.pain.0000000000000507 j.pain.0000000000000507 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 748 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 749 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 749 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 749 3 26835783 26835783 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 749 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 5 Psychogenic Psychogenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 750 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 751 1 Cleveland Cleveland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 751 2 Clinic Clinic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 751 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 6 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 7 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 8 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 752 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 753 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 753 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 753 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 753 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 753 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 2 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 3 AK AK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 5 Christo Christo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 6 PJ PJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 8 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 9 CL CL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 11 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 12 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 754 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 2 Strategies strategy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 4 postoperative postoperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 6 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 755 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 756 1 Best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-4928 756 2 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 756 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 756 4 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 756 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 757 1 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 757 2 Anaesthesiology Anaesthesiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 757 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 1 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 6 703–17 703–17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 758 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 759 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 759 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 759 3 j.bpa.2004.05.004 j.bpa.2004.05.004 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 759 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 760 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 760 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 760 3 15460554 15460554 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 760 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 2 Cullen Cullen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 3 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 5 Greiner Greiner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 8 Titler Titler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 9 MG MG NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 11 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 12 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 761 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 3 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 6 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 8 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 9 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 762 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 1 Critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 2 Care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 3 Nursing nursing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 4 Clinics Clinics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 6 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 7 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 763 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 6 151–66 151–66 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 764 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 3 S0899 s0899 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 5 5885(18)30046 5885(18)30046 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 7 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 765 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 766 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 766 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 766 3 11866399 11866399 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 766 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 2 Rupp Rupp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 3 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 5 Delaney Delaney NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 6 KA KA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 8 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 9 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 767 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 2 Inadequate Inadequate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 3 analgesia analgesia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 5 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 6 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 768 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 769 1 Annals annal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 769 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 769 3 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 769 4 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 769 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 1 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 6 494–503 494–503 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 770 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 771 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 771 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 771 3 j.annemergmed.2003.11.019 j.annemergmed.2003.11.019 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 771 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 772 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 772 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 772 3 15039693 15039693 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 772 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 3 GF GF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 5 Toonen Toonen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 6 TR TR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 8 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 9 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 773 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 2 Primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 3 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 6 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 8 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 774 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 775 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 775 2 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 775 3 Physician Physician NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 775 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 1 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 3 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 5 1207–14 1207–14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 776 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 777 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 777 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 777 3 17477104 17477104 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 777 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 2 Jacobson Jacobson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 3 PL PL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 5 Mann Mann NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 6 JD JD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 8 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 9 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 778 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 2 Evolving evolve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 3 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 6 neurologist neurologist NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 9 diagnosis diagnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 11 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 13 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 14 noncancer noncancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 779 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 780 1 Mayo Mayo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 780 2 Clinic Clinic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 780 3 Proceedings Proceedings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 780 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 1 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 6 80–4 80–4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 781 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 782 1 doi:10.4065/78.1.80 doi:10.4065/78.1.80 UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 782 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 783 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 783 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 783 3 12528880 12528880 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 783 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 2 Deandrea Deandrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 5 Montanari Montanari NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 6 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 8 Moja Moja NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 9 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 11 Apolone Apolone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 12 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 14 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 15 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 784 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 2 Prevalence Prevalence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 4 undertreatment undertreatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 6 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 785 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 2 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 4 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 5 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 786 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 787 1 Annals Annals NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 787 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 787 3 Oncology Oncology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 787 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 1 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 6 1985–91 1985–91 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 788 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 1 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 3 annonc annonc NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 5 mdn419 mdn419 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 789 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 790 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 790 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 790 3 2733110 2733110 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 790 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 791 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 791 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 791 3 18632721 18632721 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 791 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 2 Perron Perron NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 3 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 5 Schonwetter Schonwetter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 6 RS RS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 8 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 792 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 2 Assessment assessment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 4 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 8 palliative palliative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 9 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 10 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 13 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 793 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 794 1 Cancer Cancer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 794 2 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 794 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 1 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 6 15–24 15–24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 795 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 796 1 doi:10.1177/107327480100800103 doi:10.1177/107327480100800103 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 796 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 797 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 797 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 797 3 11176032 11176032 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 797 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 9 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 10 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 11 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 798 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 2 Selbst Selbst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 3 SM SM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 5 Fein Fein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 6 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 799 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 2 Sedation Sedation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 4 analgesia analgesia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 800 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 2 Henretig Henretig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 3 FM FM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 5 Fleisher Fleisher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 6 GR GR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 8 Ludwig Ludwig NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 9 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 11 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 801 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 1 Textbook textbook NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 3 pediatric pediatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 4 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 5 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 802 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 1 Hagerstwon Hagerstwon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 3 MD MD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 5 Lippincott Lippincott NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 6 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 8 Wilkins Wilkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 803 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 804 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 804 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 804 3 9781605471594 9781605471594 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 804 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 2 Cleeland Cleeland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 3 CS CS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 5 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 6 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 805 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 2 Undertreatment undertreatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 4 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 7 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 8 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 806 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 807 1 JAMA JAMA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 807 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 1 279 279 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 3 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 6 1914–5 1914–5 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 808 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 809 1 doi:10.1001 doi:10.1001 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 809 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 809 3 jama.279.23.1914 jama.279.23.1914 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 809 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 810 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 810 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 810 3 9634265 9634265 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 810 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 2 Bonham Bonham NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 3 VL VL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 811 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 2 Race race NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 4 ethnicity ethnicity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 8 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 10 striving strive VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 12 understand understand VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 14 causes cause NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 16 solutions solution NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 19 disparities disparity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 21 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 22 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 25 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 812 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 4 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 6 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 8 Ethics Ethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 813 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 1 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 6 52–68 52–68 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 814 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 3 j.1748 j.1748 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 5 720X.2001.tb00039.x 720x.2001.tb00039.x CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 815 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 816 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 816 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 816 3 11521272 11521272 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 816 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 817 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 817 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 817 3 18257031 18257031 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 817 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 3 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 7 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 9 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 10 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 11 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 818 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 2 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 3 CR CR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 5 Anderson Anderson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 6 KO KO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 8 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 9 TA TA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 11 Campbell Campbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 12 LC LC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 14 Decker Decker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 15 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 17 Fillingim Fillingim NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 18 RB RB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 20 Kalauokalani Kalauokalani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 21 DA DA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 23 Kaloukalani Kaloukalani NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 24 DA DA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 26 Lasch Lasch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 27 KE KE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 29 Myers Myers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 30 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 32 Tait Tait NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 33 RC rc NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 35 Todd Todd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 36 KH KH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 38 Vallerand Vallerand NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 39 AH AH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 41 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 42 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 819 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 3 unequal unequal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 4 burden burden NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 8 confronting confront VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 9 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 11 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 12 disparities disparity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 14 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 17 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 820 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 821 1 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 821 2 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 821 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 1 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 6 277–94 277–94 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 822 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 1 doi:10.1046 doi:10.1046 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 3 j.1526 j.1526 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 5 4637.2003.03034.x 4637.2003.03034.x NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 823 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 824 1 hdl:2027.42/73822 hdl:2027.42/73822 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 824 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 825 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 825 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 825 3 12974827 12974827 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 825 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 2 Hoffmann Hoffmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 3 DE DE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 5 Tarzian Tarzian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 6 AJ AJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 8 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 826 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 3 girl girl NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 4 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 5 cried cry VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 9 bias bias NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 10 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 11 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 14 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 827 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 4 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 6 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 8 Ethics Ethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 828 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 1 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 6 13–27 13–27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 829 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 3 j.1748 j.1748 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 5 720X.2001.tb00037.x 720x.2001.tb00037.x CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 830 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 831 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 831 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 831 3 11521267 11521267 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 831 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 832 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 832 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 832 3 219952180 219952180 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 832 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 2 Delegates delegate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 5 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 7 Summit Summit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 10 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 11 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 14 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 16 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 18 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 21 Declaration Declaration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 23 Montreal Montreal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 25 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 26 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 27 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 28 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 31 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 32 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 833 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 2 Horlocker Horlocker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 3 TT TT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 5 Cousins Cousins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 6 MJ MJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 8 Bridenbaugh Bridenbaugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 9 PO PO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 11 Carr Carr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 12 DL DL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 14 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 834 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 1 Cousins cousin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 3 Bridenbaugh Bridenbaugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 5 Neural Neural NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 6 Blockade Blockade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 8 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 9 Anesthesia Anesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 11 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 12 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 835 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 1 Hagerstwon Hagerstwon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 3 MD MD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 5 Lippincott Lippincott NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 6 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 8 Wilkins Wilkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 836 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 837 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 837 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 837 3 9780781773881 9780781773881 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 837 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 3 Physical Physical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 4 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 6 Rehabilitation Rehabilitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 8 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 9 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 10 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 11 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 14 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 15 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 17 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 18 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 19 Watch Watch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 21 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 838 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 2 Tens ten NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 4 Millions million NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 5 Face Face NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 6 Death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 8 Agony Agony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 839 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 6 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 7 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 8 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 840 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 841 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 841 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 841 3 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 841 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 841 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 2 Mallinson Mallinson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 4 Tom Tom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 6 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 842 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 3 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 5 ketorolac ketorolac NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 8 prehospital prehospital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 9 analgesic analgesic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 843 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 844 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 844 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 844 3 Paramedic Paramedic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 844 4 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 844 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 1 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 6 522–526 522–526 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 845 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 846 1 doi:10.12968 doi:10.12968 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 846 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 846 3 jpar.2017.9.12.522 jpar.2017.9.12.522 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 846 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 847 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 847 2 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 847 3 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 847 4 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 847 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 2 Derry Derry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 3 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 5 Derry Derry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 6 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 8 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 9 RA RA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 11 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 12 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 848 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 2 Caffeine Caffeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 5 analgesic analgesic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 6 adjuvant adjuvant NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 8 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 11 adults adult NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 849 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 2 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 3 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 5 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 6 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 850 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 1 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 6 CD009281 CD009281 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 851 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 852 1 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009281.pub3 doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009281.pub3 UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 852 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 853 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 853 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 853 3 6485702 6485702 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 853 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 854 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 854 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 854 3 25502052 25502052 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 854 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 2 Derry Derry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 5 Wiffen Wiffen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 6 PJ PJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 8 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 9 RA RA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 11 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 12 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 855 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 2 Single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 3 dose dose VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 4 oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 5 ibuprofen ibuprofen NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 6 plus plus CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 7 caffeine caffeine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 9 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 10 postoperative postoperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 13 adults adult NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 856 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 2 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 3 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 5 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 6 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 8 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 11 CD011509 CD011509 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 857 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 858 1 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011509.pub2 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011509.pub2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 858 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 859 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 859 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 859 3 6481458 6481458 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 859 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 860 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 860 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 860 3 26171993 26171993 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 860 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 2 Karlow Karlow NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 3 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 5 Schlaepfer Schlaepfer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 6 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 8 Stoll Stoll NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 9 CR CR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 11 Doering Doering NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 12 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 14 Carpenter Carpenter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 15 CR CR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 17 Colditz Colditz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 18 GA GA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 20 Motov Motov NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 21 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 23 Miller Miller NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 24 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 26 Schwarz Schwarz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 27 ES ES NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 29 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 30 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 861 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 3 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 4 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 6 Meta Meta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 8 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 10 Ketamine Ketamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 13 Alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 15 Opioids Opioids NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 17 Acute Acute NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 18 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 21 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 22 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 862 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 863 1 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 863 2 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 863 3 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 863 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 1 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 6 1086–1097 1086–1097 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 864 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 865 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 865 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 865 3 acem.13502 acem.13502 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 865 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 866 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 866 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 866 3 30019434 30019434 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 866 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 2 Thienhaus Thienhaus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 3 O O NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 5 Cole Cole NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 6 BE BE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 8 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 867 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 3 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 868 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 2 Weiner Weiner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 3 RS RS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 869 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 5 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 6 guide guide NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 8 clinicians clinician NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 870 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 2 Academy Academy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 4 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 5 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 871 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 872 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 872 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 872 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 872 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 873 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 873 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 873 3 9780849322624 9780849322624 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 873 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 1 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 2 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 4 Spanswick Spanswick NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 5 CC CC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 7 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 874 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 5 interdisciplinary interdisciplinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 6 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 875 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 876 1 Churchill Churchill NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 876 2 Livingstone Livingstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 876 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 877 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 877 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 877 3 9780443056833 9780443056833 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 877 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 2 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 5 interdisciplinary interdisciplinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 6 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 878 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 2 Stevens Stevens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 3 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 5 Yamada Yamada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 8 Ohlsson Ohlsson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 9 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 11 Haliburton Haliburton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 12 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 14 Shorkey Shorkey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 15 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 17 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 18 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 879 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 2 Sucrose Sucrose NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 4 analgesia analgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 6 newborn newborn JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 7 infants infant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 8 undergoing undergo VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 9 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 10 procedures procedure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 880 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 2 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 3 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 5 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 6 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 881 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 882 1 7 7 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 882 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 882 3 CD001069 CD001069 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 882 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 883 1 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001069.pub5 doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001069.pub5 UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 883 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 884 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 884 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 884 3 6457867 6457867 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 884 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 885 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 885 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 885 3 27420164 27420164 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 885 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 2 Lasky Lasky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 3 RE RE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 5 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 6 Drongelen Drongelen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 7 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 9 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 10 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 886 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 2 Is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 3 sucrose sucrose JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 5 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 6 analgesic analgesic NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 8 newborn newborn JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 9 babies baby NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 10 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 887 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 888 1 Lancet Lancet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 888 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 1 376 376 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 3 9748 9748 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 6 1201–3 1201–3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 889 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 890 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 890 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 890 3 S0140 S0140 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 890 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 890 5 6736(10)61358-X. 6736(10)61358-X. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 891 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 891 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 891 3 20817245 20817245 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 891 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 892 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 892 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 892 3 18724497 18724497 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 892 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 2 Harrison Harrison NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 3 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 5 Stevens Stevens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 6 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 8 Bueno Bueno NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 9 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 11 Yamada Yamada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 12 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 14 Adams Adams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 16 Webber Webber NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 17 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 19 Beyene Beyene NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 20 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 22 Ohlsson Ohlsson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 23 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 25 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 26 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 893 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 2 Efficacy efficacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 4 sweet sweet JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 5 solutions solution NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 7 analgesia analgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 9 infants infant NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 13 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 14 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 16 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 19 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 20 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 894 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 1 Archives archive NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 3 Disease Disease NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 5 Childhood Childhood NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 895 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 1 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 6 406–13 406–13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 896 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 897 1 doi:10.1136 doi:10.1136 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 897 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 897 3 adc.2009.174227 adc.2009.174227 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 897 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 898 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 898 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 898 3 20463370 20463370 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 898 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 2 Vlaeyen Vlaeyen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 3 JW JW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 5 Morley Morley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 6 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 8 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 899 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 2 Cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 4 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 5 treatments treatment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 7 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 10 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 11 works work VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 13 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 14 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 900 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 2 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 5 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 901 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 1 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 6 1–8 1–8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 902 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 1 doi:10.1097/00002508 doi:10.1097/00002508 VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 3 200501000 200501000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 5 00001 00001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 903 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 904 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 904 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 904 3 15599126 15599126 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 904 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 905 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 905 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 905 3 34478386 34478386 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 905 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 2 Ost Ost NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 3 LG LG NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 5 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 6 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 906 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 3 efficacy efficacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 5 Acceptance Acceptance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 7 Commitment Commitment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 8 Therapy Therapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 11 updated update VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 12 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 13 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 15 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 17 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 907 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 908 1 Behaviour Behaviour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 908 2 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 908 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 908 4 Therapy Therapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 908 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 909 1 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 909 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 909 3 105–21 105–21 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 909 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 910 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 910 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 910 3 j.brat.2014.07.018 j.brat.2014.07.018 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 910 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 911 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 911 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 911 3 25193001 25193001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 911 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 2 Mehan Mehan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 4 Suraj Suraj NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 6 Morris Morris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 8 Julia Julia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 10 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 912 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 3 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 4 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 6 Breathworks Breathworks NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 8 mindfulness mindfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 9 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 913 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 4 Healthcare Healthcare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 5 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 914 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 1 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 6 235–241 235–241 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 915 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 916 1 doi:10.12968 doi:10.12968 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 916 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 916 3 bjhc.2018.24.5.235 bjhc.2018.24.5.235 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 916 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 3 1358 1358 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 5 0574 0574 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 917 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 2 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 4 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 6 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 8 Briggs Briggs NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 12 Long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 14 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 16 Astin Astin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 18 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 918 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 2 Starting start VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 3 Where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 4 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 5 Am be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 7 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 8 Grounded Grounded NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 9 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 10 Exploration Exploration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 12 Mindfulness Mindfulness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 15 Facilitator Facilitator NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 17 Transition Transition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 19 Living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 20 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 22 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 24 Term Term NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 25 Condition Condition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 28 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 919 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 920 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 920 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 920 3 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 920 4 Nursing Nursing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 920 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 1 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 6 2445–56 2445–56 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 921 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 922 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 922 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 922 3 jan.12998 jan.12998 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 922 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 923 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 923 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 923 3 27174075 27174075 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 923 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 2 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 4 CA CA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 6 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 8 AKP AKP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 10 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 924 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 2 Psychobiological psychobiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 3 Correlates Correlates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 5 Improved Improved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 6 Mental Mental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 7 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 9 Patients Patients NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 10 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 11 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 12 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 13 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 15 Mindfulness Mindfulness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 17 Based Based NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 18 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 19 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 20 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 925 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 2 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 5 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 926 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 1 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 6 233–44 233–44 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 927 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 928 1 doi:10.1097 doi:10.1097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 928 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 928 3 AJP.0b013e31824c5d9f AJP.0b013e31824c5d9f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 928 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 929 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 929 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 929 3 22874090 22874090 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 929 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 930 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 930 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 930 3 33688569 33688569 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 930 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 931 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 931 2 Wark Wark NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 931 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 931 4 D.M. D.M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 932 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 932 2 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 932 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 932 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 1 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 2 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 3 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 4 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 6 hypnosis hypnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 9 brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 10 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 933 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 4 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 5 Hypnosis Hypnosis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 934 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 1 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00029157.2008.10401640#.UgGMqZLVArU http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00029157.2008.10401640#.uggmqzlvaru ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 3 Elkins Elkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 4 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 6 Jensen Jensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 7 MP MP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 9 Patterson Patterson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 10 DR DR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 12 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 13 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 935 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 2 Hypnotherapy Hypnotherapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 5 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 7 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 8 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 936 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 2 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 5 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 7 Experimental Experimental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 8 Hypnosis Hypnosis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 937 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 1 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 6 275–87 275–87 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 938 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 939 1 doi:10.1080/00207140701338621 doi:10.1080/00207140701338621 UH en-wikipedia-org-4928 939 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 940 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 940 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 940 3 2752362 2752362 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 940 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 941 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 941 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 941 3 17558718 17558718 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 941 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 2 Madsen Madsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 3 MV MV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 5 Gøtzsche Gøtzsche NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 6 PC PC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 8 Hróbjartsson Hróbjartsson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 9 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 11 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 12 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 942 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 2 Acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 3 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 7 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 8 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 10 randomised randomised JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 11 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 12 trials trial NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 14 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 16 placebo placebo NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 17 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 20 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 21 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 22 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 943 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 944 1 BMJ BMJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 944 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 945 1 338 338 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 945 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 945 3 a3115 a3115 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 945 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 946 1 doi:10.1136 doi:10.1136 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 946 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 946 3 bmj.a3115 bmj.a3115 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 946 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 947 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 947 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 947 3 2769056 2769056 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 947 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 948 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 948 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 948 3 19174438 19174438 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 948 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 2 Chiu Chiu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 3 HY HY NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 5 Hsieh Hsieh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 6 YJ YJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 8 Tsai Tsai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 9 PS PS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 11 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 12 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 949 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 2 Systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 3 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 5 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 7 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 9 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 11 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 12 cancer cancer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 14 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 950 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 4 Cancer Cancer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 5 Care Care NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 951 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 1 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 6 e12457 e12457 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 952 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 953 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 953 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 953 3 ecc.12457 ecc.12457 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 953 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 954 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 954 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 954 3 26853524 26853524 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 954 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 955 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 955 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 955 3 20096639 20096639 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 955 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 2 Chang Chang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 3 SC SC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 5 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 6 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 8 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 9 CK CK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 11 Yang Yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 12 SS SS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 14 Chang Chang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 15 SJ SJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 17 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 18 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 956 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 3 efficacy efficacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 5 acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 7 managing manage VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 8 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 10 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 11 prostatitis prostatitis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 12 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 13 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 14 pelvic pelvic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 15 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 16 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 18 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 19 systemic systemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 20 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 22 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 24 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 957 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 958 1 Neurourology Neurourology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 958 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 958 3 Urodynamics Urodynamics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 958 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 6 474–481 474–481 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 959 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 960 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 960 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 960 3 nau.22958 nau.22958 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 960 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 961 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 961 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 961 3 26741647 26741647 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 961 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 962 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 962 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 962 3 46827576 46827576 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 962 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 2 Ji Ji NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 3 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 5 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 6 X X NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 8 Chen Chen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 9 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 11 Shen Shen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 12 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 14 Zhang Zhang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 15 X X NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 17 Yang Yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 18 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 20 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 963 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 3 Efficacy Efficacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 5 Acupuncture acupuncture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 8 Treatment Treatment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 10 Sciatica Sciatica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 13 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 14 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 16 Meta Meta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 18 Analysis Analysis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 964 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 1 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 3 Based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 4 Complementary Complementary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 6 Alternative Alternative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 7 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 965 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 1 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 3 192808 192808 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 5 doi:10.1155/2015/192808 doi:10.1155/2015/192808 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 966 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 967 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 967 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 967 3 4575738 4575738 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 967 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 968 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 968 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 968 3 26425130 26425130 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 968 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 2 Gagnier Gagnier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 3 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 5 Oltean Oltean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 6 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 8 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 9 Tulder Tulder NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 10 MW MW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 12 Berman Berman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 13 BM BM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 15 Bombardier Bombardier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 16 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 18 Robbins Robbins NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 19 CB CB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 21 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 22 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 969 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 2 Herbal Herbal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 3 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 5 Low Low NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 6 Back Back NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 7 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 9 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 10 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 11 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 970 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 971 1 Spine Spine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 971 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 1 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 6 116–33 116–33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 972 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 973 1 doi:10.1097 doi:10.1097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 973 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 973 3 BRS.0000000000001310 BRS.0000000000001310 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 973 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 974 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 974 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 974 3 26630428 26630428 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 974 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 2 Straube Straube NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 5 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 6 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 7 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 9 Derry Derry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 10 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 12 McQuay McQuay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 13 HJ HJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 15 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 16 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 975 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 2 Vitamin vitamin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 3 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 5 chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 976 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 977 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 977 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 1 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 3 1–2 1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 6 10–3 10–3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 978 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 979 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 979 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 979 3 j.pain.2008.11.010 j.pain.2008.11.010 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 979 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 980 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 980 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 980 3 19084336 19084336 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 980 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 981 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 981 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 981 3 17244398 17244398 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 981 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 4 Rubinstein Rubinstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 6 Sidney Sidney NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 7 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 9 Terwee Terwee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 11 Caroline Caroline NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 12 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 14 Assendelft Assendelft NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 16 Willem Willem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 17 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 18 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 20 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 21 Boer Boer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 23 Michiel Michiel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 24 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 26 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 27 Tulder Tulder NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 29 Maurits Maurits NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 30 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 32 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 33 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 34 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 982 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 2 Spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 3 manipulative manipulative NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 4 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 6 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 7 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 9 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 10 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 983 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 2 Cochrane Cochrane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 3 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 5 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 6 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 8 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 11 CD008880 cd008880 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 984 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 985 1 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008880.pub2 doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008880.pub2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 985 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 986 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 986 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 986 3 1469 1469 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 986 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 986 5 493X. 493x. CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 987 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 987 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 987 3 6885055 6885055 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 987 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 988 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 988 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 988 3 22972127 22972127 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 988 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 2 Cordell Cordell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 3 WH WH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 5 Keene Keene NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 6 KK KK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 8 Giles Giles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 9 BK BK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 11 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 12 JB JB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 14 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 15 JH JH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 17 Brizendine Brizendine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 18 EJ EJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 20 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 21 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 989 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 3 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 4 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 6 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 8 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 9 medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 10 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 990 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 5 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 6 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 991 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 1 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 6 165–9 165–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 992 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 993 1 doi:10.1053 doi:10.1053 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 993 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 993 3 ajem.2002.32643 ajem.2002.32643 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 993 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 994 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 994 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 994 3 11992334 11992334 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 994 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 2 Hasselström Hasselström NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 3 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 5 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 7 Palmgren Palmgren NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 8 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 10 Rasjö Rasjö NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 12 Wrååk Wrååk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 13 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 15 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 995 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 2 Prevalence Prevalence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 6 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 7 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 996 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 997 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 997 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 997 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 997 4 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 997 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 6 375–85 375–85 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 998 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 3 S1090 S1090 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 5 3801(02)00025 3801(02)00025 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 7 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 999 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1000 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1000 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1000 3 12160512 12160512 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1000 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1001 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1001 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1001 3 798849 798849 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1001 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 2 Abu Abu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 4 Saad Saad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 5 Huijer Huijer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 6 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 8 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1002 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 2 Chronic chronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 3 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 6 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1003 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1004 1 Le Le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1004 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1004 3 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1004 4 Libanais Libanais NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1004 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1005 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1005 2 Lebanese Lebanese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1005 3 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1005 4 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1005 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 1 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 6 21–7 21–7 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1006 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1007 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1007 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1007 3 20358856 20358856 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1007 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 3 AK AK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 5 Cenzer Cenzer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 6 IS IS NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 8 Knight Knight NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 9 SJ SJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 11 Puntillo Puntillo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 12 KA KA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 14 Widera Widera NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 15 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 17 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 18 BA BA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 20 Boscardin Boscardin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 21 WJ WJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 23 Covinsky Covinsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 24 KE KE NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 26 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 27 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1008 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 3 epidemiology epidemiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 6 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 8 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 10 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 12 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1009 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1010 1 Annals Annals NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1010 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1010 3 Internal Internal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1010 4 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1010 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 1 153 153 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 6 563–9 563–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1011 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 1 doi:10.7326/0003 doi:10.7326/0003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 3 4819 4819 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 5 153 153 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 7 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 9 201011020 201011020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 11 00005 00005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1012 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1013 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1013 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1013 3 3150170 3150170 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1013 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1014 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1014 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1014 3 21041575 21041575 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1014 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 2 Perquin Perquin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 3 CW CW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 5 Hazebroek Hazebroek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 7 Kampschreur Kampschreur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 8 AA AA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 10 Hunfeld Hunfeld NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 11 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 13 Bohnen Bohnen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 14 AM AM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 16 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 17 Suijlekom Suijlekom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 19 Smit Smit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 20 LW LW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 22 Passchier Passchier NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 23 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 25 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 26 der der NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 27 Wouden Wouden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 28 JC JC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 30 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 31 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1015 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 2 Pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 4 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 6 adolescents adolescent NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 9 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 10 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1016 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1017 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1017 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 1 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 6 51–8 51–8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1018 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 3 S0304 S0304 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 5 3959(00)00269 3959(00)00269 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 7 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1019 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1020 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1020 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1020 3 10863045 10863045 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1020 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1021 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1021 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1021 3 9813003 9813003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1021 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 2 Merskey Merskey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 3 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 5 Bogduk Bogduk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 6 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 8 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1022 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 1 Classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 3 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 4 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 6 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 7 nd nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 8 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1023 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 1 Seattle Seattle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 3 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 4 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 7 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 9 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1024 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1025 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1025 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1026 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1026 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1026 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1026 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 5 0931092053 0931092053 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1027 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 2 Woolf Woolf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 3 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 5 Bennett Bennett NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 6 GJ GJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 8 Doherty Doherty NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 9 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 11 Dubner Dubner NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 12 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 14 Kidd Kidd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 15 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 17 Koltzenburg Koltzenburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 18 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 20 Lipton Lipton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 21 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 23 Loeser Loeser NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 24 JD JD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 26 Payne Payne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 27 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 29 Torebjork torebjork NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 30 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 32 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 33 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1028 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 2 Towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 4 mechanism mechanism NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 7 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 9 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 10 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1029 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1030 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1030 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 1 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 6 227–9 227–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1031 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 3 S0304 S0304 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 5 3959(98)00099 3959(98)00099 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1032 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1033 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1033 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1033 3 9808347 9808347 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1033 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 2 Woolf Woolf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 3 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 5 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 6 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1034 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 2 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 5 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 6 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 7 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1035 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 4 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 5 Investigation Investigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1036 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 1 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 6 3742–4 3742–4 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1037 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1038 1 doi:10.1172 doi:10.1172 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1038 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1038 3 JCI45178 JCI45178 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1038 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1039 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1039 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1039 3 2965006 2965006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1039 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1040 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1040 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1040 3 21041955 21041955 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1040 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 2 Rey Rey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 5 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1041 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1042 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1042 2 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1042 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1042 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1042 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 3 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1043 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1044 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1044 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1044 3 9780674399686 9780674399686 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1044 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 2 Morris Morris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 3 DR DR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 5 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1045 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1046 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1046 2 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1046 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1046 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1046 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 1 Berkeley Berkeley NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 5 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1047 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1048 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1048 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1048 3 9780520082762 9780520082762 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1048 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 2 Backshall Backshall NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 5 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 6 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 7 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1049 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 2 Bitten bite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 5 Amazon Amazon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1050 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1051 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1051 2 Sunday Sunday NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1051 3 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1051 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1052 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1052 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 6 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 7 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 8 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1053 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 4 Working Working NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 5 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 8 Nuffield Nuffield NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 9 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 11 Bioethics Bioethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 13 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1054 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 3 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 5 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 6 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 7 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1055 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 3 Nuffield Nuffield NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 4 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 6 Bioethics Bioethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1056 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1057 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1057 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1057 3 9781904384106 9781904384106 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1057 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 6 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 7 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 8 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1058 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1059 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1059 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1059 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1059 4 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1059 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 2 Rollin Rollin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 3 BE be VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 5 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 6 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1060 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 2 Animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 3 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 6 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 7 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1061 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 1 Talking talk VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 2 Point Point NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 5 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 7 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 9 scientific scientific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 10 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1062 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1063 1 EMBO EMBO NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1063 2 Reports report NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1063 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 1 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 6 521–5 521–5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1064 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1065 1 doi:10.1038 doi:10.1038 LS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1065 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1065 3 sj.embor.7400996 sj.embor.7400996 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1065 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1066 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1066 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1066 3 2002540 2002540 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1066 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1067 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1067 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1067 3 17545990 17545990 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1067 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 4 Rollin Rollin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1068 6 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 2 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 5 Unheeded unheeded JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 6 Cry cry NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 8 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 9 Consciousness Consciousness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 11 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 12 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 15 Science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1069 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 4 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 5 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1070 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 1 xii xii NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 3 117–118 117–118 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 5 cited cite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 7 Carbone Carbone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 8 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 12 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1071 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 2 Griffin Griffin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 3 DR DR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 5 Speck Speck NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 6 GB GB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 8 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 9 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1072 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 2 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 3 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 5 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 6 consciousness consciousness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1073 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1074 1 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1074 2 Cognition Cognition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1074 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 1 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 6 5–18 5–18 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1075 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 3 s10071 s10071 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 5 003 003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 7 0203-x 0203-x NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1076 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1077 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1077 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1077 3 14658059 14658059 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1077 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1078 1 S2CID S2CID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1078 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1078 3 8650837 8650837 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1078 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 2 Allen Allen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 3 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 5 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 6 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1079 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 2 Assessing assess VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 3 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 4 cognition cognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 6 ethological ethological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 8 philosophical philosophical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 9 perspectives perspective NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1080 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1081 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1081 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1081 3 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1081 4 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1081 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 1 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 6 42–7 42–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1082 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1083 1 doi:10.2527/1998.76142x doi:10.2527/1998.76142x NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1083 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1084 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1084 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1084 3 9464883 9464883 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1084 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1085 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1085 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1085 3 34663632 34663632 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1085 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 4 Sherwin Sherwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 6 C.M. C.M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 9 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1086 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1087 1 Can Can MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1087 2 invertebrates invertebrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1087 3 suffer suffer VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1087 4 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 1 Or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 3 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 4 robust robust JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 6 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 10 analogy analogy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1088 11 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 1 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 2 Welfare Welfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 6 supplement supplement NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 8 : : . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 9 S103-S118 s103-s118 VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 10 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 11 Lockwood Lockwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 12 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 14 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1089 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 3 Moral Moral NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 4 Standing standing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 6 Insects Insects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 9 Ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 11 Extinction Extinction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1090 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1091 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1091 2 Florida Florida NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1091 3 Entomologist Entomologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1091 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 1 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 6 70–89 70–89 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1092 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1093 1 doi:10.2307/3495093 doi:10.2307/3495093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1093 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1094 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1094 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1094 3 3495093 3495093 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1094 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 2 DeGrazia DeGrazia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 3 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 5 Rowan Rowan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 6 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 8 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 9 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1095 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 4 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 7 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 9 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 11 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1096 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1097 1 Theoretical theoretical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1097 2 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1097 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 1 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 6 193–211 193–211 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1098 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1099 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1099 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1099 3 BF00489606 BF00489606 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1099 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1100 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1100 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1100 3 1754965 1754965 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1100 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1101 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1101 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1101 3 34920699 34920699 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1101 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 2 Abbott Abbott NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 3 FV FV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 5 Franklin Franklin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 6 KB KB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 8 Westbrook Westbrook NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 9 RF RF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 11 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 12 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1102 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 3 formalin formalin NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 4 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 6 scoring score VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 7 properties property NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 10 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 12 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 13 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 16 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 17 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 19 rats rat NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1103 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1104 1 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1104 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 1 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 6 91–102 91–102 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1105 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 1 doi:10.1016/0304 doi:10.1016/0304 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 3 3959(94)00095-V. 3959(94)00095-V. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 4 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 6 7715946 7715946 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1106 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1107 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1107 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1107 3 35448280 35448280 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1107 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 3 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 4 Invertebrates Invertebrates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 5 Feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 6 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 7 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1108 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 4 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 7 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 8 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 11 Senate Senate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 12 Standing Standing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 13 Committee Committee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 15 Legal Legal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 17 Constitutional Constitutional NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 18 Affairs Affairs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 21 Parliament Parliament NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 23 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 24 Web Web NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 25 Site Site NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1109 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1110 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1110 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1110 3 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1110 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1110 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 3 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 5 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1111 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 3 Question Question NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 5 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 7 Invertebrates Invertebrates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1112 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 1 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 3 Laboratory Laboratory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 4 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 5 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 6 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1113 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1114 1 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1114 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1114 3 1–2 1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1114 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 6 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 7 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 8 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1115 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 2 Eisemann Eisemann NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 3 CH CH NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 5 Jorgensen Jorgensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 6 WK WK NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 8 Merritt Merritt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 9 DJ DJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 11 Rice Rice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 12 MJ MJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 14 Cribb Cribb NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 15 BW BW NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 17 Webb Webb NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 18 PD PD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 20 Zalucki Zalucki NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 21 MP MP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 23 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1116 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 2 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 3 insects insect NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 4 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 5 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1117 6 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1118 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1118 2 biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1118 3 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1118 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1118 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1119 1 Experientia Experientia NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1119 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 1 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 6 164–167 164–167 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1120 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1121 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1121 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1121 3 BF01963580 BF01963580 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1121 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1122 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1122 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1122 3 3071 3071 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1122 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 2 Tracey Tracey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 3 WD WD NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 5 Wilson Wilson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 6 RI RI NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 8 Laurent Laurent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 9 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 11 Benzer Benzer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 12 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 14 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 15 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1123 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 2 painless painless NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 5 Drosophila Drosophila NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 6 gene gene NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 7 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 9 nociception nociception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 12 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1124 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1125 1 Cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1125 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 1 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 6 261–73 261–73 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1126 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 3 S0092 s0092 JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 5 8674(03)00272 8674(03)00272 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 7 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1127 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1128 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1128 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1128 3 12705873 12705873 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1128 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1129 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1129 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1129 3 1424315 1424315 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1129 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 9 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 10 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 11 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1130 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 2 Sukhdeo Sukhdeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 3 MV MV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 6 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 7 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1131 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1132 1 Parasites Parasites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1132 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1132 3 Behaviour Behaviour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1132 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1133 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1133 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1133 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1133 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1134 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1134 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1134 3 9780521485425 9780521485425 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1134 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 4 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 5 Sømme Sømme NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 7 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1135 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 2 Sentience sentience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 4 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 6 invertebrates invertebrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 8 Report report VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 10 Norwegian Norwegian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 11 Scientific Scientific NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 12 Committee Committee NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 14 Food Food NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 15 Safety Safety NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1136 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 1 Norwegian Norwegian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 4 Life Life NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 5 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 7 Oslo Oslo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1137 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 4 Cephalopods Cephalopods NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 6 decapod decapod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 7 crustaceans crustaceans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 9 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 10 capacity capacity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 12 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 13 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 15 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 17 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1138 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1139 1 Advocates advocate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1139 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1139 3 Animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1139 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1140 1 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1140 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 9 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 10 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 11 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1141 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 2 Viñuela Viñuela NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 4 Fernández Fernández NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 5 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 7 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 8 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 10 Welsh Welsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 11 EM EM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 13 Fleetwood Fleetwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 15 Walker Walker NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 16 SM SM NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 18 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 19 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1142 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 2 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 5 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 6 implication implication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 9 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 11 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 13 farm farm NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 15 companion companion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 16 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1143 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1144 1 Veterinary Veterinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1144 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1144 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 1 174 174 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 6 227–39 227–39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1145 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1146 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1146 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1146 3 j.tvjl.2007.02.002 j.tvjl.2007.02.002 ADD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1146 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1147 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1147 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1147 3 17553712 17553712 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1147 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 2 poena poena NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 3 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 4 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 5 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 9 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 10 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 12 Charlton Charlton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 13 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 14 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 16 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 17 Short Short NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 19 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 20 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 21 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 24 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 25 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 26 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 28 ποινή ποινή NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 29 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 30 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 31 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 32 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 33 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 35 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 36 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 38 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 39 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 40 Liddell Liddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 42 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 43 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 45 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 46 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 47 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 48 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 49 Lexicon Lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 51 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 52 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 53 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 54 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 55 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 56 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 57 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 58 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 59 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 60 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 61 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 63 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 64 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 66 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 67 Etymology Etymology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 68 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 69 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 70 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 71 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 72 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 73 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 74 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 75 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 76 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 77 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 78 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1148 79 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1 Wikiquote Wikiquote NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 3 quotations quotation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 4 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 7 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 8 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 10 Curlie Curlie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 12 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 15 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 16 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 18 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 19 Classification Classification NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 20 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 21 ICD-10 icd-10 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 23 R52 R52 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 24 ICD-9-CM icd-9-cm NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 26 338 338 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 27 MeSH mesh JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 29 D010146 d010146 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 30 DiseasesDB DiseasesDB NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 32 9503 9503 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 33 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 34 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 35 MedlinePlus MedlinePlus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 37 002164 002164 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 38 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 39 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 40 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 41 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 43 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 45 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 46 Acceptance Acceptance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 47 Adoration Adoration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 48 Aesthetic Aesthetic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 49 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 50 Affection Affection NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 51 Agitation Agitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 52 Agony Agony NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 53 Amusement Amusement NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 54 Anger Anger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 55 Angst Angst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 56 Anguish Anguish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 57 Annoyance Annoyance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 58 Anticipation Anticipation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 59 Anxiety Anxiety NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 60 Apathy Apathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 61 Arousal Arousal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 62 Attraction Attraction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 63 Awe Awe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 64 Boredom Boredom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 65 Calmness Calmness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 66 Compassion Compassion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 67 Confidence Confidence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 68 Contempt Contempt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 69 Contentment Contentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 70 Courage Courage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 71 Cruelty Cruelty NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 72 Curiosity Curiosity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 73 Defeat Defeat NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 74 Depression Depression NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 75 Desire Desire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 76 Despair despair NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 77 Disappointment disappointment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 78 Disgust Disgust MD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 79 Distrust distrust NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 80 Ecstasy Ecstasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 81 Embarrassment Embarrassment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 82 Vicarious Vicarious NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 83 Empathy Empathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 84 Enthrallment Enthrallment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 85 Enthusiasm Enthusiasm NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 86 Envy Envy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 87 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 88 Excitement Excitement NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 89 Fear Fear NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 90 Flow Flow NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 91 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 92 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 93 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 94 Frustration Frustration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 95 Gratification Gratification NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 96 Gratitude Gratitude NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 97 Greed Greed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 98 Grief Grief NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 99 Guilt Guilt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 100 Happiness Happiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 101 Hatred Hatred NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 102 Hiraeth Hiraeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 103 Homesickness Homesickness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 104 Hope Hope NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 105 Horror Horror NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 106 Hostility Hostility NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 107 Humiliation Humiliation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 108 Hygge Hygge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 109 Hysteria Hysteria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 110 Indulgence Indulgence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 111 Infatuation Infatuation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 112 Insecurity Insecurity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 113 Inspiration Inspiration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 114 Interest Interest NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 115 Irritation Irritation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 116 Isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 117 Jealousy jealousy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 118 Joy Joy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 119 Kindness Kindness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 120 Loneliness Loneliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 121 Longing Longing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 122 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 123 Limerence Limerence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 124 Lust Lust NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 125 Mono Mono NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 126 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 127 aware aware JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 128 Neglect Neglect NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 129 Nostalgia Nostalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 130 Outrage Outrage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 131 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 132 Passion Passion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 133 Pity Pity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 134 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 135 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 136 pity pity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 137 Pleasure Pleasure NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 138 Pride Pride NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 139 Grandiosity Grandiosity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 140 Hubris Hubris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 141 Insult Insult NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 142 Vanity Vanity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 143 Rage rage NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 144 Regret Regret NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 145 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 146 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 147 Rejection rejection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 148 Remorse Remorse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 149 Resentment Resentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 150 Sadness Sadness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 151 Melancholy Melancholy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 152 Saudade Saudade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 153 Schadenfreude Schadenfreude NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 154 Sehnsucht Sehnsucht NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 155 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 156 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 157 confidence confidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 158 Sentimentality Sentimentality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 159 Shame Shame NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 160 Shock Shock NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 161 Shyness Shyness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 162 Sorrow Sorrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 163 Spite spite NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 164 Stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 165 Suffering Suffering NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 166 Surprise Surprise NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 167 Sympathy Sympathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 168 Tenseness Tenseness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 169 Trust Trust NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 170 Wonder Wonder NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 171 Worry worry NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 172 World world NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 173 views view VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 174 Cynicism Cynicism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 175 Defeatism Defeatism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 176 Nihilism Nihilism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 177 Optimism Optimism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 178 Pessimism Pessimism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 179 Reclusion Reclusion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 180 Weltschmerz Weltschmerz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 181 Related Related NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 182 Affect Affect NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 183 consciousness consciousness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 184 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 185 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 186 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 187 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 188 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 189 Affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 190 computing computing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 191 forecasting forecasting NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 192 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 193 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 194 spectrum spectrum NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 195 Affectivity Affectivity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 196 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 197 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 198 Appeal appeal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 199 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 200 emotion emotion VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 201 Emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 202 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 203 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 204 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 205 memory memory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 206 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 207 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 208 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 209 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 210 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 211 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 212 expressed express VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 213 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 214 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 215 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 216 homeostatic homeostatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 217 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 218 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 219 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 220 conversation conversation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 221 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 222 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 223 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 224 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 225 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 226 Emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 227 aperture aperture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 228 bias bias NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 229 blackmail blackmail VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 230 competence competence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 231 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 232 contagion contagion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 233 detachment detachment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 234 dysregulation dysregulation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 235 eating eat VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 236 exhaustion exhaustion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 237 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 238 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 239 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 240 bullying bully VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 241 intimacy intimacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 242 isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 243 lability lability NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 244 labor labor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 245 lateralization lateralization NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 246 literacy literacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 247 prosody prosody NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 248 reasoning reason VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 249 responsivity responsivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 250 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 251 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 252 symbiosis symbiosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 253 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 254 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 255 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 256 Emotionality Emotionality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 257 bounded bound VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 258 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 259 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 260 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 261 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 262 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 263 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 264 making making NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 265 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 266 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 267 workplace workplace NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 268 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 269 virtual virtual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 270 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 271 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 272 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 273 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 274 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 275 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 276 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 277 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 278 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 279 sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 280 Feeling Feeling NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 281 Gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 282 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 283 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 284 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 285 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 286 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 287 tone tone NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 288 Interactions Interactions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 289 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 290 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 291 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 292 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 293 executive executive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 294 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 295 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 296 Meta Meta NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 297 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 298 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 299 Pathognomy Pathognomy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 300 Pathos Pathos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 301 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 302 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 303 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 304 Stoic stoic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 305 passions passion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 306 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 307 affect affect VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 308 appraisal appraisal NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 309 discrete discrete JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 310 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 311 somatic somatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 312 marker marker NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 313 constructed construct VBD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 314 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 315 v v IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 316 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 317 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 318 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 319 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 320 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 321 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 322 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 323 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 324 neuroscience neuroscience JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 325 Basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 326 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 327 Behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 328 epigenetics epigenetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 329 Behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 330 genetics genetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 331 Cellular cellular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 332 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 333 Computational computational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 334 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 335 Connectomics Connectomics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 336 Imaging Imaging NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 337 genetics genetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 338 Integrative integrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 339 neuroscience neuroscience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 340 Molecular molecular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 341 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 342 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 343 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 344 Neuroanatomy Neuroanatomy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 345 Neurochemistry Neurochemistry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 346 Neuroendocrinology Neuroendocrinology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 347 Neurogenetics Neurogenetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 348 Neuroinformatics Neuroinformatics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 349 Neurometrics Neurometrics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 350 Neuromorphology Neuromorphology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 351 Neurophysics Neurophysics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 352 Neurophysiology Neurophysiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 353 Systems Systems NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 354 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 355 Clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 356 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 357 Behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 358 neurology neurology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 359 Clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 360 neurophysiology neurophysiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 361 Neurocardiology Neurocardiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 362 Neuroepidemiology Neuroepidemiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 363 Neurogastroenterology Neurogastroenterology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 364 Neuroimmunology Neuroimmunology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 365 Neurointensive Neurointensive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 366 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 367 Neurology Neurology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 368 Neurooncology Neurooncology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 369 Neuro Neuro NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 370 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 371 ophthalmology ophthalmology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 372 Neuropathology Neuropathology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 373 Neuropharmacology Neuropharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 374 Neuroprosthetics Neuroprosthetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 375 Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 376 Neuroradiology Neuroradiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 377 Neurorehabilitation Neurorehabilitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 378 Neurosurgery Neurosurgery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 379 Neurotology Neurotology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 380 Neurovirology Neurovirology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 381 Nutritional nutritional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 382 neuroscience neuroscience VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 383 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 384 Cognitive Cognitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 385 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 386 Affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 387 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 388 Behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 389 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 390 Chronobiology Chronobiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 391 Molecular Molecular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 392 cellular cellular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 393 cognition cognition NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 394 Motor Motor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 395 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 396 Neurolinguistics Neurolinguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 397 Neuropsychology Neuropsychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 398 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 399 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 400 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 401 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 402 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 403 Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 404 fields field NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 405 Consumer consumer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 406 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 407 Cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 408 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 409 Educational educational JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 410 neuroscience neuroscience VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 411 Evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 412 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 413 Neuroanthropology Neuroanthropology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 414 Neurobioengineering Neurobioengineering NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 415 Neurobiotics Neurobiotics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 416 Neurocriminology Neurocriminology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 417 Neuroeconomics Neuroeconomics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 418 Neuroepistemology Neuroepistemology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 419 Neuroesthetics Neuroesthetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 420 Neuroethics Neuroethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 421 Neuroethology Neuroethology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 422 Neurohistory Neurohistory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 423 Neurolaw Neurolaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 424 Neuromarketing Neuromarketing NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 425 Neuromorphics Neuromorphics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 426 Neurophenomenology Neurophenomenology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 427 Neurophilosophy Neurophilosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 428 Neuropolitics Neuropolitics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 429 Neurorobotics Neurorobotics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 430 Neurotheology Neurotheology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 431 Paleoneurobiology Paleoneurobiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 432 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 433 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 434 Concepts Concepts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 435 Brain Brain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 436 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 437 computer computer NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 438 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 439 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 440 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 441 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 442 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 443 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 444 artificial artificial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 445 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 446 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 447 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 448 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 449 biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 450 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 451 Detection detection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 452 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 453 Intraoperative intraoperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 454 neurophysiological neurophysiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 455 monitoring monitoring NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 456 Neurochip Neurochip NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 457 Neurodegeneration Neurodegeneration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 458 Neurodevelopmental Neurodevelopmental NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 459 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 460 Neurodiversity Neurodiversity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 461 Neurogenesis Neurogenesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 462 Neuroimaging Neuroimaging NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 463 Neuroimmune Neuroimmune NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 464 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 465 Neuromanagement Neuromanagement NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 466 Neuromodulation Neuromodulation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 467 Neuroplasticity Neuroplasticity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 468 Neurotechnology Neurotechnology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 469 Neurotoxin Neurotoxin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 470 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 471 Category Category NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 472 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 473 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 474 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 475 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 476 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 477 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 478 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 479 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 480 Head head NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 481 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 482 neck neck NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 483 Headache Headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 484 Neck Neck NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 485 Odynophagia Odynophagia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 486 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 487 swallowing swallow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 488 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 489 Toothache Toothache NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 490 Respiratory Respiratory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 491 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 492 Sore sore JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 493 throat throat NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 494 Pleurodynia Pleurodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 495 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 496 Arthralgia Arthralgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 497 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 498 joint joint JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 499 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 500 Bone bone NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 501 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 502 Myalgia Myalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 503 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 504 muscle muscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 505 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 506 Acute Acute NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 507 Delayed delay VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 508 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 509 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 510 Neurologic Neurologic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 511 Neuralgia Neuralgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 512 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 513 asymbolia asymbolia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 514 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 515 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 516 Paroxysmal Paroxysmal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 517 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 518 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 519 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 520 Allodynia Allodynia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 521 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 522 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 523 Hyperalgesia Hyperalgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 524 Hypoalgesia Hypoalgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 525 Hyperpathia Hyperpathia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 526 Phantom Phantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 527 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 528 Referred refer VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 529 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 530 Congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 531 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 532 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 533 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 534 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 535 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 536 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 537 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 538 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 539 anhidrosis anhidrosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 540 congenital congenital JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 541 insensitivity insensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 542 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 543 pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 544 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 545 partial partial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 546 anhidrosis anhidrosis NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 547 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 548 Pelvic pelvic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 549 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 550 Proctalgia Proctalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 551 Back back RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 552 Low Low NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 553 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 554 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 555 Measurement Measurement NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 556 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 557 testing test VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 558 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 559 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 560 Cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 561 pressor pressor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 562 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 563 Dolorimeter Dolorimeter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 564 Grimace Grimace NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 565 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 566 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 567 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 568 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 569 Hot hot JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 570 plate plate NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 571 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 572 Tail Tail NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 573 flick flick NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 574 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 575 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 576 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 577 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 578 Pathophysiology pathophysiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 579 Nociception Nociception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 580 Anterolateral anterolateral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 581 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 582 Posteromarginal posteromarginal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 583 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 584 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 585 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 586 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 587 Analgesia Analgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 588 Anesthesia Anesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 589 Cordotomy Cordotomy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 590 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 591 eradication eradication NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 592 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 593 concepts concept VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 594 Pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 595 threshold threshold NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 596 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 597 tolerance tolerance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 598 Suffering suffer VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 599 SOCRATES socrates JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 600 Philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 601 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 602 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 603 Cancer Cancer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 604 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 605 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 606 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 607 seeking seek VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 608 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 609 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 610 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 611 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 612 Sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 613 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 614 Touch Touch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 615 Mechanoreceptor Mechanoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 616 Vibration Vibration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 617 Lamellar Lamellar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 618 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 619 Light light NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 620 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 621 Tactile Tactile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 622 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 623 Pressure Pressure NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 624 Merkel Merkel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 625 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 626 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 627 Stretch Stretch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 628 Bulbous bulbous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 629 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 630 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 631 Free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 632 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 633 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 634 Nociceptors Nociceptors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 635 Temperature Temperature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 636 Thermoreceptors Thermoreceptors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 637 Proprioception Proprioception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 638 Golgi Golgi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 639 organ organ NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 640 Muscle Muscle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 641 spindle spindle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 642 Intrafusal Intrafusal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 643 muscle muscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 644 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 645 Nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 646 chain chain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 647 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 648 Nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 649 bag bag NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 650 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 651 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 652 Hair Hair NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 653 cells cell NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 654 Baroreceptor baroreceptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 655 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 656 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 657 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 658 Sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 659 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 660 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 661 Processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 662 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 663 concepts concept VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 664 Sensation Sensation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 665 Stimulus Stimulus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 666 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 667 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 668 Transduction Transduction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 669 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 670 physiology physiology NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 671 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 672 Sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 673 processing process VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 674 Active active JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 675 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 676 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 677 Perception Perception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 678 Multimodal Multimodal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 679 integration integration NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 680 Awareness Awareness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 681 Consciousness Consciousness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 682 Cognition Cognition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 683 Feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 684 Qualia Qualia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 685 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 686 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 687 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 688 organs organ NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 689 Eyes eye NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 690 Ears ear NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 691 Inner inner JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 692 ear ear NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 693 Nose Nose NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 694 Mouth Mouth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 695 Skin Skin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 696 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 697 systems system VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 698 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 699 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 700 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 701 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 702 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 703 vision vision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 704 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 705 Auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 706 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 707 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 708 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 709 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 710 hearing hearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 711 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 712 Vestibular vestibular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 713 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 714 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 715 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 716 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 717 balance balance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 718 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 719 Olfactory olfactory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 720 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 721 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 722 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 723 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 724 smell smell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 725 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 726 Gustatory gustatory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 727 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 728 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 729 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 730 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 731 taste taste NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 732 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 733 Somatosensory somatosensory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 734 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 735 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 736 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 737 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 738 touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 739 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 740 Sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 741 cranial cranial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 742 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 743 spinal spinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 744 nerves nerve NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 745 Optic Optic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 746 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 747 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 748 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 749 Vestibulocochlear Vestibulocochlear NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 750 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 751 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 752 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 753 Olfactory olfactory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 754 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 755 I i NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 756 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 757 Facial Facial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 758 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 759 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 760 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 761 Glossopharyngeal Glossopharyngeal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 762 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 763 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 764 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 765 Trigeminal Trigeminal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 766 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 767 V v NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 768 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 769 Spinal Spinal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 770 Cerebral cerebral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 771 cortices cortex NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 772 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 773 cortex cortex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 774 Auditory Auditory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 775 cortex cortex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 776 Vestibular Vestibular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 777 cortex cortex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 778 Olfactory Olfactory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 779 cortex cortex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 780 Gustatory Gustatory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 781 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 782 Somatosensory Somatosensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 783 cortex cortex NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 784 Perceptions perception NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 785 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 786 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 787 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 788 vision vision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 789 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 790 Auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 791 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 792 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 793 hearing hearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 794 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 795 Equilibrioception equilibrioception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 796 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 797 balance balance NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 798 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 799 Olfaction Olfaction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 800 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 801 smell smell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 802 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 803 Gustation Gustation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 804 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 805 taste taste NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 806 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 807 flavor flavor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 808 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 809 Touch touch NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 810 mechanoreception mechanoreception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 811 nociception nociception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 812 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 813 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 814 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 815 thermoception thermoception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 816 Internal Internal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 817 Proprioception Proprioception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 818 Hunger Hunger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 819 Thirst Thirst NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 820 Suffocation Suffocation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 821 Nausea Nausea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 822 Nonhuman Nonhuman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 823 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 824 Electroception Electroception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 825 Magnetoreception Magnetoreception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 826 Echolocation Echolocation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 827 Infrared Infrared NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 828 sensing sense VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 829 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 830 vampire vampire NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 831 bats bat NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 832 Infrared infrared JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 833 sensing sense VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 834 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 835 snakes snake NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 836 Surface Surface NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 837 wave wave NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 838 detection detection NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 839 Frog Frog NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 840 hearing hear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 841 Toad Toad NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 842 vision vision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 843 Plant Plant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 844 Photomorphogenesis Photomorphogenesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 845 Gravitropism Gravitropism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 846 Artificial Artificial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 847 Robotic Robotic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 848 sensing sense VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 849 Computer Computer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 850 vision vision NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 851 Machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 852 hearing hearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 853 Types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 854 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 855 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 856 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 857 Mechanoreceptor Mechanoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 858 Baroreceptor Baroreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 859 Mechanotransduction Mechanotransduction NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 860 Lamellar Lamellar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 861 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 862 Tactile Tactile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 863 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 864 Merkel Merkel NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 865 nerve nerve NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 866 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 867 Bulbous bulbous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 868 corpuscle corpuscle NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 869 Campaniform Campaniform NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 870 sensilla sensilla NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 871 Slit Slit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 872 sensilla sensilla NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 873 Stretch Stretch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 874 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 875 Photoreceptor Photoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 876 Photoreceptor Photoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 877 cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 878 Cone Cone NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 879 cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 880 Rod Rod NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 881 cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 882 ipRGC iprgc VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 883 Photopigment Photopigment NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 884 Aureochrome Aureochrome NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 885 Chemoreceptor Chemoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 886 Taste Taste NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 887 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 888 Olfactory Olfactory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 889 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 890 Osmoreceptor Osmoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 891 Thermoreceptor Thermoreceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 892 Cilium Cilium NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 893 TRP TRP NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 894 channels channel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 895 Nociceptor Nociceptor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 896 Nociceptin Nociceptin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 897 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 898 Juxtacapillary Juxtacapillary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 899 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 900 Disorders disorder VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 901 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 902 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 903 impairment impairment NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 904 Alice alice NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 905 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 906 Wonderland Wonderland NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 907 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 908 Amaurosis Amaurosis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 909 Anopsia Anopsia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 910 Color Color NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 911 blindness blindness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 912 Diplopia Diplopia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 913 Hemeralopia Hemeralopia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 914 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 915 Nyctalopia Nyctalopia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 916 Optic Optic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 917 neuropathy neuropathy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 918 Oscillopsia Oscillopsia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 919 Palinopsia Palinopsia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 920 Papilledema Papilledema NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 921 Photophobia Photophobia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 922 Photopsia Photopsia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 923 Polyopia Polyopia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 924 Scotoma Scotoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 925 Stereoblindness stereoblindness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 926 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 927 snow snow NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 928 Auditory auditory NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 929 Amblyaudia Amblyaudia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 930 Auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 931 agnosia agnosia NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 932 Auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 933 hallucination hallucination NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 934 Auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 935 verbal verbal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 936 agnosia agnosia JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 937 Cortical cortical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 938 deafness deafness NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 939 Hearing hear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 940 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 941 Microwave Microwave NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 942 auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 943 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 944 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 945 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 946 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 947 disorders disorder VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 948 Palinopsia Palinopsia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 949 Spatial spatial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 950 hearing hearing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 951 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 952 Tinnitus tinnitus NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 953 Vestibular Vestibular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 954 Vertigo Vertigo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 955 BPPV BPPV NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 956 Labyrinthine Labyrinthine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 957 fistula fistula NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 958 Labyrinthitis Labyrinthitis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 959 Ménière Ménière NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 960 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 961 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 962 Olfactory Olfactory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 963 Anosmia Anosmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 964 Dysosmia Dysosmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 965 Hyperosmia Hyperosmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 966 Hyposmia Hyposmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 967 Olfactory Olfactory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 968 reference reference NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 969 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 970 Parosmia Parosmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 971 Phantosmia Phantosmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 972 Gustatory Gustatory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 973 Ageusia Ageusia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 974 Hypergeusia Hypergeusia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 975 Hypogeusia Hypogeusia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 976 Parageusia Parageusia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 977 Tactile Tactile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 978 Astereognosis Astereognosis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 979 CMT CMT NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 980 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 981 Formication Formication NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 982 Hyperesthesia Hyperesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 983 Hypoesthesia Hypoesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 984 Paresthesia Paresthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 985 Tactile Tactile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 986 hallucination hallucination NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 987 Nociception nociception NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 988 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 989 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 990 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 991 Hyperalgesia Hyperalgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 992 Hypoalgesia Hypoalgesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 993 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 994 dissociation dissociation NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 995 Phantom Phantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 996 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 997 Proprioception Proprioception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 998 Asomatognosia Asomatognosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 999 Phantom Phantom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1000 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1001 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1002 Somatoparaphrenia Somatoparaphrenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1003 Supernumerary Supernumerary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1004 phantom phantom NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1005 limb limb NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1006 Multimodal Multimodal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1007 Aura Aura NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1008 Agnosia Agnosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1009 Allochiria Allochiria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1010 Derealization Derealization NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1011 Hallucination Hallucination NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1012 HSAN hsan NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1013 Pareidolia Pareidolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1014 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1015 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1016 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1017 Synesthesia Synesthesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1018 Authority Authority NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1019 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1020 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1021 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1022 4052823 4052823 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1023 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1024 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1025 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1026 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1027 00573441 00573441 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1028 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1029 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1030 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1031 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pain&oldid=993340930 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=pain&oldid=993340930 CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1032 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1033 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1034 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1035 Pain pain VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1036 Acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1037 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1038 Nociception Nociception NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1039 Sensory Sensory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1040 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1041 Suffering suffer VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1042 Symptoms Symptoms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1043 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1044 signs sign NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1045 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1046 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1047 Hidden Hidden NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1048 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1049 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1050 CS1 cs1 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1051 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1052 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1053 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1054 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1055 Webarchive Webarchive NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1056 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1057 wayback wayback NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1058 links link VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1059 CS1 CS1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1060 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1061 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1062 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1063 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1064 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1065 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1066 list list VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1067 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1068 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1069 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1070 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1071 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1072 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1073 matches match VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1074 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1075 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1076 dmy dmy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1077 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1078 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1079 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1080 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1081 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1082 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1083 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1084 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1085 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1086 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1087 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1088 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1089 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1090 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1091 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1092 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1093 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1094 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1095 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1096 factual factual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1097 verification verification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1098 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1099 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1100 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1101 factual factual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1102 verification verification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1103 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1104 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1105 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1106 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1107 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1108 needing need VBG en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1109 factual factual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1110 verification verification NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1111 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1112 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1113 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1114 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1115 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1116 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1117 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1118 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1119 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1120 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1121 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1122 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1123 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1124 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1125 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1126 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1127 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1128 Curlie Curlie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1129 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1130 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1131 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1132 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1133 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1134 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1135 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1136 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1137 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1138 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1139 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1140 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1141 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1142 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1143 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1144 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1145 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1146 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1147 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1148 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1149 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1150 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1151 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1152 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1153 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1154 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1155 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1156 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1157 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1158 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1159 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1160 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1161 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1162 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1163 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1164 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1165 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1166 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1167 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1168 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1169 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1170 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1171 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1172 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1173 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1174 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1175 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1176 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1177 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1178 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1179 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1180 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1181 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1182 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1183 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1184 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1185 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1186 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1187 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1188 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1189 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1190 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1191 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1192 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1193 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1194 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1195 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1196 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1197 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1198 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1199 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1200 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1201 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1202 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1203 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1204 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1205 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1206 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1207 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1208 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1209 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1210 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1211 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1212 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1213 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1214 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1215 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1216 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1217 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1218 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1219 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1220 Wikiquote Wikiquote NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1221 Wikiversity Wikiversity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1222 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1223 Akan Akan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1224 العربية العربية NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1225 Արեւմտահայերէն Արեւմտահայերէն NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1226 অসমীয়া অসমীয়া . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1227 Asturianu Asturianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1228 Azərbaycanca Azərbaycanca NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1229 تۆرکجه تۆرکجه NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1230 বাংলা বাংলা NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1231 Bân Bân NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1232 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1233 lâm lâm NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1234 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1235 gú gú NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1236 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1237 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1238 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1239 тарашкевіца)‎ тарашкевіца)‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1240 Български Български NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1241 Bosanski Bosanski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1242 Brezhoneg Brezhoneg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1243 Català Català NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1244 Čeština Čeština NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1245 ChiShona ChiShona NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1246 Dansk Dansk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1247 Davvisámegiella Davvisámegiella NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1248 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1249 Eesti Eesti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1250 Ελληνικά Ελληνικά NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1251 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1252 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1253 Euskara Euskara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1254 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1255 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1256 Frysk Frysk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1257 Gaeilge Gaeilge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1258 Galego Galego NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1259 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1260 Հայերեն Հայերեն NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1261 हिन्दी हिन्दी NNS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1262 Hrvatski Hrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1263 Ido Ido NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1264 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1265 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1266 Íslenska Íslenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1267 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1268 עברית עברית NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1269 ಕನ್ನಡ ಕನ್ನಡ CD en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1270 Қазақша Қазақша NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1271 Kreyòl Kreyòl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1272 ayisyen ayisyen NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1273 Latina Latina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1274 Latviešu Latviešu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1275 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1276 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1277 മലയാളം മലയാളം IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1278 मराठी मराठी NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1279 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1280 Melayu Melayu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1281 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1282 日本語 日本語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1283 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1284 bokmål bokmål NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1285 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1286 nynorsk nynorsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1287 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1288 ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଓଡ଼ିଆ VBP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1289 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1290 Plattdüütsch Plattdüütsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1291 Polski Polski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1292 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1293 Română Română NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1294 Runa Runa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1295 Simi Simi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1296 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1297 Shqip Shqip NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1298 Sicilianu Sicilianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1299 Simple Simple NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1300 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1301 Slovenčina Slovenčina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1302 Slovenščina Slovenščina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1303 کوردی کوردی NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1304 Српски Српски NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1149 1305 / / SYM 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Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1152 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4928 1153 13 statement statement NN