id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 4 Wikipedia wikipedia JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 5 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 6 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 19 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 20 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 22 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 24 tradition tradition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 26 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 27 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 1 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 3 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 4 overview overview NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 6 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 7 Parental parental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 8 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 10 Ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 11 worship worship VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 13 Hyo Hyo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 15 redirects redirect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 16 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 2 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 6 Hyo Hyo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 3 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 1 Virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 3 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 5 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 6 classics classic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 8 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 9 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 11 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 12 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 13 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 14 Scene scene NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 17 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 18 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 19 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 22 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 24 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 25 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 27 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 30 depicting depict VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 32 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 33 kneeling kneel VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 34 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 35 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 36 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 4 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 4 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 5 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 6 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 7 孝 孝 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 8 Transcriptions Transcriptions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 9 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 10 Mandarin Mandarin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 11 Hanyu Hanyu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 12 Pinyin Pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 13 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 14 Wade Wade NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 16 Giles Giles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 17 hsiao4 hsiao4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 18 Hakka Hakka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 19 Romanization Romanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 20 haau4 haau4 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 21 Yue Yue NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 23 Cantonese Cantonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 24 Yale Yale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 25 Romanization Romanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 26 haau3 haau3 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 27 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 28 Min Min NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 29 Hokkien Hokkien NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 30 POJ POJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 31 hàu hàu NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 32 Vietnamese vietnamese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 33 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 34 Vietnamese vietnamese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 35 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 36 hiếu hiếu NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 37 Korean korean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 38 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 39 Hangul Hangul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 40 효 효 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 41 Hanja Hanja NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 42 孝 孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 43 Transcriptions Transcriptions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 44 Revised Revised NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 45 Romanization Romanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 46 hyo hyo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 47 McCune McCune NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 48 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 49 Reischauer Reischauer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 50 hyo hyo FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 51 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 52 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 53 Kanji Kanji NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 54 孝 孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 55 Kana Kana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 56 こう こう NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 57 Transcriptions Transcriptions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 58 Romanization Romanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 59 Kō Kō NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 60 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 61 Confucian Confucian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 63 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 64 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 65 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 66 Taoist[2 Taoist[2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 67 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 68 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 70 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 71 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 72 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 73 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 74 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 75 孝 孝 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 76 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 77 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 78 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 79 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 80 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 81 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 82 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 83 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 84 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 85 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 86 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 87 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 88 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 89 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 91 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 92 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 5 93 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 2 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 3 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 5 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 6 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 8 thought think VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 11 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 12 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 14 Qin Qin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 16 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 17 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 19 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 20 historically historically RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 21 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 23 authoritative authoritative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 24 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 27 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 28 tenet tenet NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 30 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 31 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 6 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 2 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 5 purported purport VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 6 dialogue dialogue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 8 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 11 student student NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 12 Tseng Tseng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 13 Tzu Tzu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 16 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 17 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 19 set set VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 20 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 22 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 23 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 24 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 26 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 28 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 29 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 7 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 4 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 6 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 7 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 8 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 8 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 2 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 3 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 4 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 8 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 11 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 13 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 15 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 18 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 19 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 21 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 23 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 26 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 28 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 29 conduct conduct NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 30 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 31 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 32 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 33 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 34 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 35 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 36 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 38 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 39 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 40 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 41 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 42 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 44 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 45 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 46 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 47 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 48 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 49 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 51 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 52 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 53 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 54 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 55 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 57 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 58 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 59 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 60 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 61 display display NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 62 courtesy courtesy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 63 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 64 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 65 ensure ensure VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 66 male male JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 67 heirs heir NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 69 uphold uphold JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 70 fraternity fraternity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 71 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 72 brothers brother NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 73 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 74 wisely wisely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 75 advise advise VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 76 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 77 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 78 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 80 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 81 dissuading dissuade VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 82 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 83 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 84 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 85 unrighteousness unrighteousness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 86 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 87 display display VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 88 sorrow sorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 89 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 90 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 91 sickness sickness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 92 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 93 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 94 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 95 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 96 bury bury VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 97 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 98 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 99 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 100 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 101 sacrifices sacrifice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 102 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 103 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 104 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 9 105 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 4 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 6 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 7 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 9 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 12 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 13 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 14 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 20 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 21 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 23 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 24 stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 10 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 4 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 5 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 6 collections collection NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 9 stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 12 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 14 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 15 Cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 17 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 18 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 20 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 22 二十四孝 二十四孝 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 24 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 26 Ershi Ershi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 28 si si NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 29 xiao xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 11 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 2 stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 3 depict depict VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 4 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 5 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 6 exercised exercise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 12 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 12 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 2 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 4 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 5 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 7 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 9 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 10 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 12 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 13 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 15 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 16 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 18 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 19 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 21 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 23 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 24 Hugh Hugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 13 25 D.R. D.R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 1 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 2 calls call VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 3 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 6 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 8 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 9 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 10 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 12 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 13 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 14 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 15 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 14 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 3 Terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 6 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 7 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 8 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 9 Definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 10 2.2 2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 11 Detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 12 descriptions description NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 13 2.3 2.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 14 Relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 16 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 18 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 19 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 20 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 21 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 22 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 25 cultures culture VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 26 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 27 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 28 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 29 sciences science NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 30 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 31 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 32 5.1 5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 33 Pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 34 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 35 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 36 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 37 5.2 5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 38 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 39 Confucianism confucianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 40 5.3 5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 41 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 43 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 44 5.4 5.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 45 Late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 46 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 47 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 48 5.5 5.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 49 19th–20th 19th–20th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 50 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 51 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 52 Developments Developments NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 53 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 54 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 55 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 56 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 57 Care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 58 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 59 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 60 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 61 Work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 62 ethos ethos NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 64 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 65 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 66 6.3 6.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 67 Relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 68 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 69 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 70 6.4 6.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 71 East east NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 72 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 73 immigrants immigrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 74 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 75 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 76 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 77 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 78 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 79 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 80 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 81 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 82 Bibliography bibliography NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 83 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 84 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 85 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 86 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 87 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 88 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 89 Terminology[edit Terminology[edit '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 90 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 91 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 92 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 93 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 94 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 95 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 96 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 97 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 98 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 99 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 100 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 101 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 102 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 103 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 104 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 105 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 106 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 107 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 108 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 15 109 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 3 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 4 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 5 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 7 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 8 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 11 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 14 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 15 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 18 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 21 logic logic NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 23 enactment enactment NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 16 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 7 illustrated illustrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 10 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 11 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 12 xiao xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 14 孝 孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 17 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 2 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 5 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 8 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 9 lao lao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 11 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 13 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 15 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 16 zi zi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 18 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 21 that that RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 22 is is RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 24 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 25 elder elder NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 26 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 27 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 30 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 18 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 2 4 4 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 5 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 8 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 9 generation generation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 10 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 12 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 15 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 16 generation generation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 19 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 5 Korean Korean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 6 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 9 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 10 孝 孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 12 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 13 hyo hyo FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 15 효 효 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 20 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 2 Vietnamese Vietnamese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 5 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 6 孝 孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 8 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 11 Vietnamese vietnamese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 12 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 14 hiếu hiếu NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 21 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 2 Japanese Japanese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 5 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 7 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 8 rendered render VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 10 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 12 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 13 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 15 親孝行 親孝行 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 17 oyakōkō oyakōkō NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 19 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 21 characters character NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 23 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 25 conduct conduct NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 28 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 29 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 31 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 33 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 34 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 35 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 22 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 2 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 3 texts[edit texts[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 5 Illustrations illustration NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 8 Ladies Ladies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 9 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 10 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 12 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 13 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 15 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 18 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 19 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 21 depicting depict VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 23 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 25 Serving serve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 26 One one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 27 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 28 Parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 32 Law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 23 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 4 Definitions[edit definitions[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 6 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 7 teachings teaching NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 8 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 9 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 10 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 11 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 13 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 15 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 16 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 18 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 20 Four Four NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 21 Books Books NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 23 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 26 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 27 Learning Learning NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 29 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 30 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 31 大学 大学 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 35 Doctrine Doctrine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 38 Mean Mean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 40 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 42 中庸 中庸 VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 45 Analects Analects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 47 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 48 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 49 论语 论语 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 53 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 54 Mencius Mencius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 56 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 57 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 58 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 60 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 61 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 63 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 64 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 66 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 67 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 68 孝经 孝经 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 69 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 70 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 71 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 72 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 73 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 74 Rites Rites NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 75 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 76 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 77 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 78 礼记 礼记 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 79 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 24 80 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 2 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 6 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 8 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 9 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 11 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 13 551–479 551–479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 14 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 16 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 17 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 20 f]ilial f]ilial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 21 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 24 root root NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 26 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 29 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 31 philosophy"[8 philosophy"[8 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 34 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 35 philosopher philosopher NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 36 Fung Fung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 37 Yu Yu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 39 lan lan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 40 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 41 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 42 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 44 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 46 ideological ideological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 47 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 49 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 50 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 51 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 52 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 53 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 25 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 5 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 11 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 12 ritual ritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 13 outside outside JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 14 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 16 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 18 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 22 inward inward JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 23 attitude attitude NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 24 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 25 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 26 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 6 consists consist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 9 aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 27 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 5 awareness awareness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 7 repaying repay VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 9 burden burden NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 10 borne bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 14 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 28 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 10 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 12 reciprocate reciprocate VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 14 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 15 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 17 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 18 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 19 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 29 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 9 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 10 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 13 obligation obligation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 14 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 15 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 17 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 30 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 2 13][14 13][14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 7 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 8 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 10 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 13 root root NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 15 rén rén NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 17 仁 仁 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 19 benevolence benevolence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 21 humaneness),[15 humaneness),[15 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 25 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 26 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 28 rén rén VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 30 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 31 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 33 yì yì NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 35 義 義 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 37 righteousness righteousness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 40 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 42 禮 禮 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 43 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 44 propriety propriety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 46 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 47 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 48 interpreted interpret VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 49 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 51 roots root NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 53 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 31 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 1 Rén Rén NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 2 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 3 favorable favorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 4 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 6 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 8 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 10 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 32 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 4 Yì Yì NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 5 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 7 respect respect VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 9 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 10 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 11 worthy worthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 13 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 15 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 17 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 19 superiors superior NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 33 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 1 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 3 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 5 behaving behave VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 6 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 8 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 9 norms norm NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 11 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 12 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 34 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 4 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 8 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 11 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 13 deference deference NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 17 respectful respectful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 18 submission submission NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 21 reverence reverence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 23 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 24 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 25 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 27 awe awe NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 35 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 7 taught teach VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 9 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 11 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 14 broad broad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 15 ideal ideal NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 17 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 19 cultivation cultivation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 21 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 23 君子 君子 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 25 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 27 jūnzǐ jūnzǐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 29 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 30 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 32 perfect perfect JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 33 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 34 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 36 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 4 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 5 philosopher philosopher NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 6 Hu Hu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 7 Shih Shih NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 8 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 12 gained gain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 14 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 15 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 17 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 18 ideology ideology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 19 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 20 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 21 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 22 Confucianists Confucianists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 37 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 2 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 4 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 5 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 6 taught teach VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 8 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 10 rén rén NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 12 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 15 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 17 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 18 emphasize emphasize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 19 xiào xiào NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 20 that that RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 21 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 38 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 3 Confucianists confucianist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 6 Tseng Tseng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 7 Tzu Tzu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 8 focused focus VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 10 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 13 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 15 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 16 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 17 Confucianist Confucianist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 18 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 39 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 4 Detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 5 descriptions[edit descriptions[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 7 Koteiken Koteiken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 12 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 14 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 15 Cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 17 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 18 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 20 depicted depict VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 21 emptying empty VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 23 chamber chamber NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 24 pot pot NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 27 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 40 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 41 1 Utagawa Utagawa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 41 2 Kuniyoshi Kuniyoshi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 41 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 41 4 1848 1848 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 41 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 1 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 2 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 3 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 5 regard regard VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 10 choice choice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 13 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 16 unconditional unconditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 17 obligation obligation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 20 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 42 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 5 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 7 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 9 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 12 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 13 fundamental fundamental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 16 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 17 cardinal cardinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 18 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 20 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 22 五倫 五倫 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 24 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 26 wǔlún wǔlún NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 28 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 30 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 32 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 33 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 34 ethics,[19 ethics,[19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 35 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 37 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 38 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 40 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 41 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 42 fraternal fraternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 43 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 45 underlies underlie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 46 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 47 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 43 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 7 fundamental fundamental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 8 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 10 Confucian Confucian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 11 morality:[21 morality:[21 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 14 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 16 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 19 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 22 orderly orderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 23 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 25 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 27 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 30 ministers minister NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 31 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 33 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 36 servitude servitude NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 39 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 40 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 42 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 44 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 5 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 10 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 12 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 13 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 14 ethics[23 ethics[23 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 19 cardinal cardinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 20 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 22 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 23 defines define NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 25 limits limit NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 27 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 28 eliminates eliminate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 29 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 30 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 31 virtues virtue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 45 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 7 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 8 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 12 consists consist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 14 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 15 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 17 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 19 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 21 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 23 obedience obedience NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 46 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 4 Children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 5 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 6 attempt attempt VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 9 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 10 disgrace disgrace NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 11 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 13 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 47 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 4 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 5 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 8 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 10 Rites rite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 11 give give VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 12 details detail NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 14 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 15 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 16 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 17 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 18 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 19 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 48 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 4 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 6 envisioned envision VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 8 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 9 manners manner NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 13 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 14 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 15 salute salute VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 17 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 19 speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 21 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 23 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 25 tone tone NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 26 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 29 enter enter VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 31 leave leave VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 33 room room NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 37 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 38 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 40 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 41 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 43 seating seat VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 44 arrangements arrangement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 46 gifts gift NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 49 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 4 Care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 5 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 6 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 7 sure sure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 8 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 10 comfortable comfortable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 12 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 13 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 14 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 16 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 17 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 18 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 20 accommodation accommodation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 22 clothes clothe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 24 hygiene hygiene NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 27 basically basically RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 29 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 30 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 32 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 34 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 35 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 36 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 40 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 41 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 42 words,[28 words,[28 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 43 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 45 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 46 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 47 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 48 live live VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 49 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 50 worry worry NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 50 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 4 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 6 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 7 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 8 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 11 exercise exercise VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 14 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 17 burial burial NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 19 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 20 rituals ritual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 23 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 25 honor honor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 27 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 28 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 29 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 51 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 2 29][15 29][15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 6 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 9 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 11 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 13 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 16 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 17 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 19 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 21 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 24 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 26 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 27 conduct conduct NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 29 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 30 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 31 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 33 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 34 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 36 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 37 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 39 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 40 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 42 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 43 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 45 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 46 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 47 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 49 ancestors;[30 ancestors;[30 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 50 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 51 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 52 perform perform VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 54 duties duty NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 56 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 57 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 58 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 59 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 61 preferably preferably RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 63 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 64 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 65 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 66 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 67 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 68 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 69 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 70 fulfill fulfill VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 71 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 72 aspirations)[12 aspirations)[12 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 73 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 74 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 75 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 76 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 77 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 78 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 79 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 80 sacrifices sacrifice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 81 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 82 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 83 ancestors;[31 ancestors;[31 NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 84 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 85 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 86 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 87 rebellious,[14 rebellious,[14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 88 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 89 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 90 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 91 polite polite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 93 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 94 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 95 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 96 mannered mannered JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 97 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 98 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 99 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 100 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 101 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 102 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 103 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 104 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 105 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 106 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 107 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 108 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 109 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 110 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 111 serve serve VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 112 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 113 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 114 parents;[32 parents;[32 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 115 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 116 display display NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 117 courtesy;[28 courtesy;[28 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 118 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 119 ensure ensure VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 120 male male NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 121 heirs,[12 heirs,[12 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 122 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 123 uphold uphold JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 124 fraternity fraternity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 125 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 126 brothers;[citation brothers;[citation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 127 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 128 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 129 wisely wisely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 130 advise advise VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 131 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 132 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 133 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 134 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 135 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 136 dissuading dissuade VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 137 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 138 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 139 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 140 unrighteousness;[32 unrighteousness;[32 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 141 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 142 display display NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 143 sorrow sorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 144 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 145 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 146 sickness sickness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 147 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 148 death;[33 death;[33 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 149 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 150 bury bury VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 151 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 152 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 153 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 154 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 155 sacrifices sacrifice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 156 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 157 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 158 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 52 159 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 2 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 8 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 9 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 10 promote promote VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 12 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 13 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 15 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 16 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 20 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 21 cherish cherish VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 23 affection affection NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 26 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 53 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 4 Traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 5 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 6 essentially essentially RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 7 describe describe VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 11 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 14 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 16 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 17 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 21 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 24 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 25 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 26 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 27 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 28 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 29 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 31 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 32 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 34 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 36 stepparents stepparent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 38 grandparents grandparent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 40 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 54 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 4 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 5 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 6 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 8 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 10 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 13 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 16 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 55 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 2 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 5 duty duty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 7 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 10 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 13 teach teach VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 14 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 16 traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 18 ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 19 worship worship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 22 find find VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 24 spouse spouse NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 26 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 29 leave leave VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 31 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 32 heritage heritage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 56 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 2 36][35 36][35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 5 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 7 supposed suppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 10 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 11 stern stern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 13 dignified dignified JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 14 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 16 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 17 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 19 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 21 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 23 supposed suppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 26 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 27 gentle gentle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 29 compassionate compassionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 30 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 57 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 2 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 4 virtues virtue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 8 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 10 regardless regardless RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 13 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 15 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 18 vice vice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 19 versa versa RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 58 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 8 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 9 identified identify VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 11 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 13 duty duty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 20 differed differ VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 23 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 24 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 26 patria patria NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 27 potestas potestas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 30 defined define VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 31 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 33 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 34 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 35 authoritative authoritative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 36 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 59 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 1 Whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 4 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 7 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 10 Judeo Judeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 12 Christian Christian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 13 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 15 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 17 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 18 legitimized legitimize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 20 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 22 referring refer VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 25 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 26 transcending transcend VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 27 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 30 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 31 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 33 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 35 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 38 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 41 subordinates subordinates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 43 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 45 subject subject NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 47 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 49 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 50 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 51 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 53 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 55 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 57 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 58 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 60 vice vice RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 61 versa versa RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 60 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 2 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 4 duties duty NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 6 depersonalized depersonalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 8 supremacy supremacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 11 matter matter NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 13 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 15 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 17 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 18 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 19 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 26 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 61 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 2 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 4 Anthropologist Anthropologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 5 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 6 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 7 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 10 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 12 obedience obedience NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 15 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 16 perspective perspective NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 18 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 20 unconditional unconditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 22 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 23 anthropologist anthropologist VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 24 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 25 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 26 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 28 psychologist psychologist NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 29 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 30 Yau Yau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 32 fai fai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 33 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 34 disagree disagree NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 62 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 2 35][14 35][14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 4 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 5 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 8 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 9 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 10 thought thought NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 12 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 13 remonstrance remonstrance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 14 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 16 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 18 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 19 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 21 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 22 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 24 pious pious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 25 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 26 needs need VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 28 dissuade dissuade VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 30 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 32 performing perform VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 33 immoral immoral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 34 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 63 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 4 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 5 points point VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 6 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 9 regard regard NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 12 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 13 classics classic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 14 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 16 advocate advocate VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 17 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 18 foolish foolish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 21 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 23 愚孝 愚孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 24 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 26 yúxiào yúxiào LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 64 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 6 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 7 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 8 add add VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 10 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 12 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 13 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 15 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 18 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 20 dissuasion dissuasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 23 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 24 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 25 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 26 obey obey VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 28 parent,[38 parent,[38 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 31 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 32 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 35 rebellion rebellion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 37 outright outright JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 38 defiance defiance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 41 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 42 approved approve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 44 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 45 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 65 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 7 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 8 extends extend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 10 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 12 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 13 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 15 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 18 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 19 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 20 gratitude gratitude NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 21 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 23 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 24 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 25 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 26 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 29 parents,[21][39 parents,[21][39 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 33 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 34 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 35 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 37 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 38 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 40 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 41 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 42 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 66 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 5 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 6 prohibitions prohibition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 8 damaging damage VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 10 hurting hurt VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 12 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 16 doctrine doctrine NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 18 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 19 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 21 Confucianists Confucianists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 22 regarded regard VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 24 shaving shaving NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 27 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 29 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 30 monks,[21 monks,[21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 33 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 34 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 35 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 37 taboo taboo NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 38 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 39 suicide suicide NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 41 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 43 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 44 unfilial unfilial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 45 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 46 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 48 不孝 不孝 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 49 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 50 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 51 bùxiào bùxiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 67 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 4 Relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 6 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 8 large[edit large[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 11 memorial memorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 12 stone stone NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 15 Korean korean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 16 elementary elementary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 17 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 21 inscription inscription NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 23 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 24 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 68 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 4 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 7 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 9 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 10 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 12 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 14 chaos chaos NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 15 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 16 prevail prevail VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 69 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 6 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 10 inevitable inevitable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 11 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 13 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 17 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 19 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 20 convention,[41 convention,[41 NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 25 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 27 follow follow VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 28 naturally naturally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 29 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 32 father father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 33 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 34 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 35 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 70 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 6 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 7 tradition tradition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 9 patriarchy patriarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 11 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 13 upheld uphold VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 15 maintain maintain VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 17 harmony harmony NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 20 whole whole NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 71 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 2 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 7 Neo neo JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 9 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 10 philosopher philosopher NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 11 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 12 Hao Hao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 14 1032–1085 1032–1085 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 15 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 18 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 21 corresponding corresponding JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 22 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 24 belong belong VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 27 eternal eternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 28 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 31 cosmos cosmo NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 33 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 34 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 36 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 37 escape escape NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 38 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 39 heaven heaven NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 41 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 72 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 2 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 5 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 10 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 12 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 13 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 16 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 17 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 21 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 22 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 24 undertook undertake VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 28 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 29 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 30 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 31 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 33 Mencius Mencius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 35 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 36 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 37 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 39 regarded regard VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 41 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 44 fundamental fundamental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 45 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 46 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 47 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 49 root root NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 52 nation nation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 73 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 1 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 3 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 5 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 7 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 8 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 10 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 11 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 13 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 17 meant mean VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 19 regulate regulate VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 20 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 22 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 23 generation generation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 24 behaved behave VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 25 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 26 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 29 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 30 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 33 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 35 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 74 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 2 45][46 45][46 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 6 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 8 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 10 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 12 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 13 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 15 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 17 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 20 state,[note state,[note ADD en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 21 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 23 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 27 parallel parallel JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 28 conception conception NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 30 society"[47 society"[47 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 32 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 35 Model Model NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 37 Two Two NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 75 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 5 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 7 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 8 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 9 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 12 obedient obedient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 14 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 15 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 16 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 17 grow grow VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 18 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 20 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 22 loyal loyal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 23 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 25 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 27 chung)—filial chung)—filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 28 piety piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 30 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 31 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 34 truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 36 shaped shape VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 38 citizens citizen NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 41 state,[22 state,[22 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 45 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 48 minister minister NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 49 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 50 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 51 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 52 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 53 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 54 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 56 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 58 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 59 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 76 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 2 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 7 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 9 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 11 dutiful dutiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 12 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 14 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 77 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 2 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 7 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 10 equated equate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 78 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 1 Mencius mencius JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 2 teaches teach VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 4 ministers minister NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 5 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 6 overthrow overthrow VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 8 immoral immoral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 9 tyrant tyrant NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 11 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 12 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 13 harm harm VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 15 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 16 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 18 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 21 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 23 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 24 conditional conditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 26 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 27 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 28 unconditional unconditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 31 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 32 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 33 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 34 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 35 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 79 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 5 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 6 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 7 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 9 cultures[edit cultures[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 11 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 12 teachings teaching NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 13 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 14 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 15 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 16 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 17 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 19 mark mark NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 21 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 22 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 23 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 25 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 80 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 2 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 4 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 7 saying saying NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 10 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 11 hundreds hundred NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 13 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 15 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 16 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 19 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 20 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 21 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 24 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 26 百善孝为先 百善孝为先 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 27 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 28 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 30 bǎi bǎi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 31 shàn shàn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 32 xiào xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 33 wéi wéi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 34 xiān xiān NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 81 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 2 46][8 46][8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 5 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 6 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 11 rendered render VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 14 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 15 Xiào Xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 16 shùn shùn NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 18 孝顺 孝顺 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 21 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 22 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 23 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 25 obedience obedience NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 26 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 82 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 2 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 5 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 7 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 8 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 10 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 12 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 13 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 15 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 16 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 19 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 21 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 22 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 24 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 26 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 27 Hugh Hugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 83 28 D.R. D.R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 1 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 2 calls call VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 3 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 6 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 8 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 9 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 10 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 12 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 13 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 14 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 15 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 84 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 2 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 4 Historian historian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 5 Ch'ü Ch'ü NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 6 T'ung T'ung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 8 tsu tsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 9 stated state VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 10 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 12 codification codification NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 14 patriarchy patriarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 16 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 17 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 20 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 21 i]t i]t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 23 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 25 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 27 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 28 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 85 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 7 forms form VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 9 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 12 veneration veneration NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 15 aged age VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 20 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 22 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 86 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 2 14][9 14][9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 8 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 10 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 11 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 12 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 13 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 16 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 17 focused focus VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 19 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 20 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 22 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 23 kin kin NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 27 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 28 interested interested JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 30 wider wide JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 31 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 33 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 34 distant distant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 35 people:[13][52 people:[13][52 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 36 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 37 nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 39 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 40 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 41 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 42 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 43 mistaken mistaken JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 44 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 45 individualism individualism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 87 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 2 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 4 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 6 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 8 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 9 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 12 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 14 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 16 broadly broadly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 17 construed construe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 19 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 20 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 21 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 22 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 23 kin kin NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 88 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 5 Korean korean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 6 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 13 crucial crucial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 14 importance importance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 89 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 5 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 10 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 11 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 13 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 14 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 15 virtues virtue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 17 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 22 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 23 supreme supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 90 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 4 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 7 thinking think VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 8 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 9 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 10 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 91 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 4 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 5 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 7 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 8 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 9 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 11 regard regard NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 14 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 16 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 17 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 18 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 20 People People NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 22 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 24 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 26 PRC PRC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 92 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 3 reflected reflect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 5 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 6 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 7 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 8 desirable desirable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 13 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 15 live live VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 16 independently independently RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 93 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 2 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 5 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 6 sciences[edit sciences[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 8 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 9 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 10 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 11 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 12 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 13 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 14 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 15 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 16 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 18 related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 19 concepts concept NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 94 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 2 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 7 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 8 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 9 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 11 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 12 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 13 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 14 families family NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 16 intergenerational intergenerational JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 17 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 19 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 20 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 22 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 24 socialization socialization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 25 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 95 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 8 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 10 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 11 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 14 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 16 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 19 aid aid NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 21 care care VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 23 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 25 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 26 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 30 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 31 returned return VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 33 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 34 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 96 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 97 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 97 2 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 97 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 97 4 Psychologist Psychologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 97 5 K.S. K.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 1 Yang Yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 3 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 8 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 10 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 11 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 13 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 15 cognition cognition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 17 affects affect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 19 intentions intention NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 22 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 23 concerning concern VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 24 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 25 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 27 nice nice JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 29 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 31 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 98 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 2 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 8 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 9 measured measure VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 13 inconsistent inconsistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 14 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 18 prevented prevent VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 19 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 20 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 22 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 23 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 99 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 7 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 9 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 12 daily daily JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 13 maintenance maintenance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 15 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 17 sickness sickness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 18 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 19 offered offer VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 22 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 100 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 2 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 4 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 6 scholarly scholarly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 7 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 8 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 9 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 11 reverence reverence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 12 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 14 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 16 multi multi JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 17 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 18 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 19 researcher researcher NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 20 Kyu Kyu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 22 taik taik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 23 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 24 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 25 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 26 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 27 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 29 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 32 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 33 cover cover VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 35 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 36 definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 38 elder eld JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 39 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 41 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 42 texts:[58 texts:[58 , en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 43 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 44 Care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 45 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 46 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 47 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 48 sure sure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 49 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 50 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 51 comfortable comfortable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 53 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 54 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 55 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 56 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 57 Victual victual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 58 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 59 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 60 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 62 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 63 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 64 preferences preference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 65 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 66 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 101 68 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 1 favorite favorite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 2 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 3 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 4 Gift Gift NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 5 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 7 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 8 gifts gift NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 10 favors favor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 102 12 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 1 presiding preside VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 2 meetings meeting NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 3 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 4 Presentational presentational JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 5 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 7 polite polite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 9 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 10 decorum decorum NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 12 Linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 13 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 15 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 17 honorific honorific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 18 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 20 Spatial spatial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 21 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 23 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 24 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 25 sit sit VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 26 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 28 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 30 honor honor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 32 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 33 graves grave NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 35 respectful respectful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 36 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 37 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 38 Celebrative celebrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 39 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 41 celebrating celebrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 42 birthdays birthday NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 43 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 44 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 45 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 47 honor honor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 49 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 50 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 51 Public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 52 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 53 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 54 voluntary voluntary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 56 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 57 services service NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 58 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 59 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 60 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 61 Acquiescent Acquiescent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 62 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 63 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 64 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 65 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 66 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 67 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 68 talking talk VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 69 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 70 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 71 Consultative consultative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 72 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 73 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 74 consulting consult VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 75 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 76 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 77 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 78 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 79 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 80 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 81 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 82 Salutatory salutatory NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 83 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 84 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 85 bowing bow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 86 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 87 saluting salute VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 88 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 89 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 90 Precedential precedential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 91 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 92 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 93 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 94 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 95 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 96 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 97 priority priority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 98 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 99 distributing distribute VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 100 goods good NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 101 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 102 services service NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 103 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 104 Funeral funeral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 105 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 106 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 107 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 108 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 109 burying burying NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 110 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 111 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 112 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 113 respectful respectful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 114 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 115 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 116 Ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 117 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 118 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 119 commemorating commemorate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 120 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 121 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 122 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 123 sacrifices sacrifice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 124 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 125 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 103 126 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 2 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 4 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 8 qualitative qualitative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 9 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 104 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 2 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 6 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 7 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 8 involve involve VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 10 action action NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 12 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 14 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 16 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 18 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 19 symbolic symbolic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 105 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 1 Female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 2 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 3 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 5 receive receive VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 6 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 7 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 8 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 10 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 11 male male JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 12 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 13 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 15 receive receive VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 16 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 17 symbolic symbolic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 18 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 106 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 2 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 4 Apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 6 attempting attempt VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 8 define define VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 9 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 10 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 12 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 13 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 15 attempted attempt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 17 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 18 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 19 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 20 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 107 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 108 1 Psychologist psychologist NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 108 2 R.M. R.M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 1 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 2 distinguishes distinguish VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 4 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 6 fold fold VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 7 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 10 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 11 bases base VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 13 Lawrence Lawrence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 14 Kohlberg Kohlberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 16 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 18 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 19 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 109 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 3 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 4 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 9 comprehended comprehend VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 11 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 13 giving giving NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 15 material material JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 16 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 18 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 21 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 22 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 24 develops develop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 25 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 26 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 27 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 28 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 29 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 31 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 32 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 34 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 35 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 110 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 3 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 4 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 7 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 8 realizes realize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 13 crucial crucial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 15 establishing establish VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 17 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 18 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 19 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 20 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 21 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 25 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 26 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 28 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 30 expanded expand VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 32 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 33 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 34 outside outside RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 36 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 37 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 38 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 111 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 4 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 9 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 12 means means NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 14 realize realize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 15 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 17 ethical ethical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 18 ideals ideal NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 112 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 4 Painting paint VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 6 scenes scene NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 9 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 11 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 12 Cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 14 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 15 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 113 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 1 Kano Kano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 2 Motonobu Motonobu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 4 1550 1550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 5 Psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 7 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 8 correlations correlation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 13 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 14 socio socio JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 16 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 17 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 19 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 20 gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 22 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 24 minorities minority NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 27 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 28 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 29 westernized westernized JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 30 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 114 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 1 Traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 2 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 3 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 4 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 7 connected connect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 9 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 10 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 13 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 15 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 17 care care VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 19 elder eld JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 20 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 21 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 23 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 24 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 25 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 27 solidarity solidarity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 115 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 4 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 7 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 10 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 13 orientation orientation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 16 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 18 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 20 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 21 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 23 superstition superstition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 25 fatalism fatalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 26 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 27 dogmatism dogmatism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 29 authoritarianism authoritarianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 31 conformism conformism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 33 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 34 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 37 belief belief NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 40 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 42 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 43 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 44 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 45 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 47 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 49 active active JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 51 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 53 creative creative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 54 learning learning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 55 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 116 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 4 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 5 connects connect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 7 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 9 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 10 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 12 authoritarian authoritarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 13 moralism moralism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 15 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 16 conservatism conservatism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 18 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 19 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 21 socialization socialization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 23 basing base VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 24 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 26 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 27 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 28 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 30 Hong Hong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 31 Kong Kong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 33 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 117 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 2 defines define VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 3 authoritarian authoritarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 4 moralism moralism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 6 hierarchical hierarchical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 7 authority authority NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 8 ranking rank VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 10 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 12 institutions institution NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 18 pervasiveness pervasiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 20 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 21 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 22 precepts precept NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 24 criteria criterion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 26 measuring measure VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 27 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 118 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 1 Cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 2 moralism moralism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 3 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 4 derives derive VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 6 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 7 psychologist psychologist NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 8 Anthony Anthony NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 9 Greenwald Greenwald NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 12 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 15 disposition disposition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 17 preserve preserve VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 18 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 19 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 20 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 23 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 25 change change VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 119 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 2 concludes conclude VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 4 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 6 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 10 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 11 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 13 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 14 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 19 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 20 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 22 partly partly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 23 explains explain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 25 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 26 motivation motivation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 28 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 29 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 31 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 32 academic academic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 33 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 120 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 2 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 5 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 6 counselling counselling NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 7 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 9 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 10 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 11 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 13 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 15 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 16 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 17 bonding bonding NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 19 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 121 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 2 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 4 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 5 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 8 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 9 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 10 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 11 brings bring VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 12 along along RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 14 obligation obligation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 16 raise raise VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 17 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 19 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 22 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 23 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 25 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 26 disgrace disgrace NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 29 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 122 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 2 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 8 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 11 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 13 perpetuate perpetuate VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 14 dysfunctional dysfunctional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 15 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 16 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 17 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 19 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 20 abuse abuse NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 22 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 23 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 25 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 26 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 28 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 29 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 30 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 123 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 2 66 66 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 4 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 5 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 6 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 8 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 10 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 11 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 14 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 17 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 19 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 21 pro pro JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 22 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 23 family family JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 24 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 25 informed inform VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 27 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 28 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 29 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 30 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 32 nepotism nepotism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 34 corruption corruption NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 36 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 37 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 38 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 39 tension tension NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 40 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 42 good good NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 45 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 46 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 47 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 124 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 2 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 5 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 6 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 8 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 9 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 12 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 14 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 15 goes go VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 16 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 20 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 23 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 25 benevolence benevolence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 125 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 126 1 E.g. e.g. UH en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 1 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 2 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 3 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 4 support support VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 5 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 6 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 8 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 9 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 11 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 13 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 15 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 17 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 18 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 20 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 22 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 23 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 25 focus focus VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 28 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 127 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 4 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 6 benevolence benevolence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 8 authoritarianism authoritarianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 11 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 13 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 14 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 15 obliged oblige VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 17 respond respond VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 19 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 20 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 21 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 24 internalize internalize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 25 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 128 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 2 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 4 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 5 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 11 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 12 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 13 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 14 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 15 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 17 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 19 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 21 contributing contribute VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 22 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 24 meeting meet VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 25 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 26 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 27 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 28 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 30 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 31 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 32 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 33 internalize internalize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 34 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 35 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 36 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 37 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 39 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 40 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 41 perform perform VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 42 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 44 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 45 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 47 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 48 detached detached JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 49 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 51 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 52 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 53 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 54 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 55 dissociation dissociation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 129 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 2 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 4 Studying study VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 5 Korean korean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 6 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 7 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 9 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 10 Dawnhee Dawnhee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 11 Yim Yim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 12 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 14 internalization internalization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 16 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 17 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 18 obligations obligation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 20 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 21 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 22 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 24 guilt guilt NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 26 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 27 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 29 suppression suppression NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 31 hostile hostile JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 32 thoughts thought NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 33 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 34 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 36 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 38 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 39 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 130 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 2 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 4 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 5 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 7 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 10 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 11 asymmetrical asymmetrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 13 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 15 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 16 interviewees interviewee NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 17 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 21 contained contain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 22 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 23 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 25 reciprocity reciprocity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 28 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 30 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 31 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 33 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 35 parent parent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 36 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 37 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 38 serves serve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 39 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 40 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 42 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 43 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 44 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 45 served serve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 46 tomorrow tomorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 131 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 1 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 4 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 8 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 10 pious pious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 11 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 14 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 16 adulthood adulthood NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 18 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 19 heroism heroism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 132 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 2 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 4 History[edit History[edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 6 Pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 7 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 8 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 9 history[edit history[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 11 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 12 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 14 Ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 15 veneration veneration NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 17 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 19 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 21 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 22 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 24 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 25 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 26 lie lie VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 28 ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 29 worship,[15 worship,[15 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 32 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 33 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 34 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 35 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 38 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 39 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 40 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 41 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 133 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 1 Epigraphical epigraphical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 2 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 5 oracle oracle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 6 bones bone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 7 contain contain VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 8 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 13 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 17 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 19 Changes Changes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 21 10th–4th 10th–4th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 22 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 23 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 25 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 26 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 27 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 28 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 31 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 33 parallel parallel JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 34 conception conception NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 37 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 38 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 41 loyal loyal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 42 minister minister NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 134 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 2 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 4 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 5 Confucianism[edit confucianism[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 7 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 10 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 11 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 12 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 15 illustrated illustrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 16 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 19 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 21 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 22 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 24 annotated annotate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 26 Kuan Kuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 28 1286–1324 1286–1324 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 30 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 32 T'ang T'ang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 33 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 35 6th–10th 6th–10th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 36 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 39 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 40 performing perform VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 41 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 42 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 43 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 44 declared declare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 45 illegal illegal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 48 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 49 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 51 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 53 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 54 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 56 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 57 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 58 BCE–3rd BCE–3rd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 59 century century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 60 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 63 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 64 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 65 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 66 punished punish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 67 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 68 beheading behead VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 135 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 4 Behavior Behavior NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 5 regarded regard VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 7 unfilial unfilial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 10 mistreating mistreat VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 12 abandoning abandon VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 13 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 15 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 17 grandparents grandparent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 20 refusing refuse VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 22 complete complete VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 24 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 25 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 27 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 29 punished punish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 31 exile exile NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 33 beating beating NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 35 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 36 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-5485 136 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 2 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 6 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 7 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 8 onward onward RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 11 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 13 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 14 rites rite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 15 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 18 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 21 cornerstone cornerstone NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 23 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 24 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 27 strictly strictly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 28 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 30 enforced enforce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 137 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 4 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 6 unrest unrest NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 10 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 11 promoted promote VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 13 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 15 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 17 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 18 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 20 reestablish reestablish VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 22 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 138 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 1 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 2 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 3 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 4 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 6 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 8 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 10 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 12 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 15 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 17 expressed express VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 20 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 21 proverb proverb NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 23 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 24 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 25 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 26 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 28 under under JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 30 heaven heaven NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 32 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 33 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 139 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 2 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 4 Government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 5 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 7 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 9 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 10 leave leave NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 13 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 14 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 16 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 17 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 18 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 20 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 21 died die VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 140 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 2 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 4 Local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 5 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 7 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 9 encourage encourage VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 13 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 15 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 16 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 19 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 26 behaving behave VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 29 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 31 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 32 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 141 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 2 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 4 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 7 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 8 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 9 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 10 perform perform VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 12 exemplary exemplary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 13 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 15 expressing express VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 16 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 17 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 19 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 21 ritual ritual NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 23 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 24 serving serve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 26 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 27 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 29 pinyin pinyin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 30 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 31 yang yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 32 lao lao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 33 zhi zhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 34 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 142 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 1 Nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 2 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 3 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 4 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 7 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 8 xiào xiào NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 11 temple temple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 12 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 143 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 2 29][76 29][76 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 5 promotion promotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 10 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 11 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 14 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 17 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 19 li li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 22 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 23 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 24 acceptable acceptable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 25 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 27 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 28 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 30 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 31 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 32 resorting resort VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 34 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 144 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 2 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 6 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 8 keystone keystone NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 10 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 11 morality morality NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 145 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 2 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 6 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 7 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 8 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 11 principles principle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 14 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 16 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 17 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 19 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 21 Korean korean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 22 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 25 respective respective JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 26 homelands homeland NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 28 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 29 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 30 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 31 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 34 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 35 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 146 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 2 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 4 rulers ruler NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 5 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 6 awards award NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 8 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 9 deemed deem VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 11 practice practice VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 12 exemplary exemplary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 14 conduct conduct NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 147 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 6 Mongolian mongolian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 7 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 10 Yuan Yuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 11 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 13 13th–14th 13th–14th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 14 century century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 18 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 20 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 21 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 23 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 25 deteriorate deteriorate VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 148 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 3 Ming Ming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 4 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 6 14th–17th 14th–17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 10 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 12 literati literati NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 13 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 15 revive revive VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 17 customs custom NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 22 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 24 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 25 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 27 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 28 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 30 reinterpreted reinterpret VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 33 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 35 rituals ritual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 36 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 37 modified modify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 149 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 4 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 7 grassroots grassroot NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 8 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 10 revival revival NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 12 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 15 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 17 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 18 vigilance vigilance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 19 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 20 criminals criminal NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 21 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 23 promote promote VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 24 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 25 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 150 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 2 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 3 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 5 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 7 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 10 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 13 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 15 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 16 Cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 18 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 19 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 151 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 2 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 4 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 6 Buddhism[edit buddhism[edit XX en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 8 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 9 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 11 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 12 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 14 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 15 Buddha Buddha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 16 image image NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 18 scenes scene NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 20 stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 23 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 24 repaid repay VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 25 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 26 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 152 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 1 Baodingshan Baodingshan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 3 Dazu Dazu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 5 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 6 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 10 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 11 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 13 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 14 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 15 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 16 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 17 Buddhism,[80 Buddhism,[80 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 21 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 24 apologetics apologetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 26 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 28 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 29 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 153 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 6 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 7 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 8 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 12 Nikāyas Nikāyas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 14 Āgamas Āgamas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 16 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 17 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 19 prescribed prescribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 21 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 23 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 24 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 27 repay repay VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 29 gratitude gratitude NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 30 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 31 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 32 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 33 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 37 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 38 karma karma NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 40 merit merit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 41 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 45 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 47 contribute contribute VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 50 sustain sustain VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 52 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 53 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 154 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 2 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 5 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 6 scriptures scripture NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 8 narratives narrative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 10 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 13 Buddha Buddha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 15 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 16 disciples disciple NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 17 practicing practice VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 18 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 19 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 20 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 22 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 24 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 27 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 29 gratitude gratitude NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 31 reciprocity reciprocity NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 155 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 2 83][84 83][84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 4 Initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 6 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 8 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 10 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 11 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 12 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 13 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 14 teachings teaching NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 16 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 17 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 20 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 21 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 23 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 24 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 156 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 1 Later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 2 scholarship scholarship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 4 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 6 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 9 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 10 Strong Strong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 12 Gregory Gregory NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 13 Schopen Schopen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 15 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 16 come come VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 18 believe believe VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 20 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 21 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 23 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 25 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 26 doctrine doctrine NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 27 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 28 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 29 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 157 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 1 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 3 Schopen Schopen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 5 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 6 epigraphical epigraphical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 8 textual textual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 9 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 11 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 13 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 14 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 15 laypeople laypeople NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 17 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 19 nuns nuns NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 20 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 21 displayed display VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 22 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 23 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 26 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 28 concluding conclude VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 29 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 30 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 32 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 34 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 35 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 38 devotional devotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 39 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 41 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 42 Buddhists Buddhists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 158 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 2 85][86 85][86 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 4 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 5 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 7 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 9 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 12 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 14 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 15 celibacy celibacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 159 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 2 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 4 Confucianism confucianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 5 emphasized emphasize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 6 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 7 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 9 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 11 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 14 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 17 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 18 monastic monastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 19 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 21 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 23 go go VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 24 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 26 tenets tenet NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 160 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 2 88 88 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 6 3rd–5th 3rd–5th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 10 criticism criticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 12 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 13 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 15 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 16 monastics monastic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 18 lay lie VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 19 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 20 responded respond VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 22 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 23 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 25 translating translate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 26 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 27 doctrines doctrine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 29 narratives narrative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 30 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 31 supported support VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 32 filiality filiality NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 34 comparing compare VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 35 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 37 Confucianism confucianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 39 thereby thereby RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 40 defending defend VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 41 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 43 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 44 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 46 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 161 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 2 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 5 Mouzi Mouzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 6 Lihuolun Lihuolun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 7 referred refer VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 9 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 11 Daoist daoist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 12 classics classic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 17 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 18 precedents precedent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 20 respond respond VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 22 critics critic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 24 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 162 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 2 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 5 Mouzi Mouzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 6 stated state VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 8 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 11 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 13 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 14 monk monk NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 15 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 17 reject reject VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 19 abandon abandon VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 20 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 21 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 23 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 25 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 26 aiding aid VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 27 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 28 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 29 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 30 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 32 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 33 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 35 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 36 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 37 enlightenment enlightenment NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 163 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 2 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 4 Sun Sun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 5 Chuo Chuo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 7 c.300–380 c.300–380 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 9 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 10 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 12 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 14 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 16 ensure ensure VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 18 salvation salvation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 20 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 21 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 23 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 25 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 26 proud proud JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 28 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 29 so,[91 so,[91 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 32 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 33 Xie Xie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 34 stated state VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 35 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 36 Buddhists buddhist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 37 practiced practice VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 38 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 39 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 41 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 42 merit merit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 43 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 44 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 45 departed depart VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 46 relatives relative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 164 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 2 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 4 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 5 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 8 criticized criticize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 11 expressing express VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 13 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 16 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 17 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 19 prostrating prostrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 21 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 22 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 26 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 28 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 31 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 33 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 34 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 165 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 1 Huiyuan Huiyuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 3 334–416 334–416 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 5 responded respond VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 7 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 8 monks monk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 9 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 11 express express VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 13 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 16 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 17 pay pay VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 18 homage homage NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 20 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 22 mind mind NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 23 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 24 moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 27 teaching teaching NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 29 morality morality NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 31 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 34 public public NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 35 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 36 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 37 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 38 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 166 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 2 93][94 93][94 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 6 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 8 onward onward RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 10 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 11 Buddhists Buddhists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 12 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 14 realize realize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 16 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 19 stress stress VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 20 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 22 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 23 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 24 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 25 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 26 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 27 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 29 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 32 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 34 survive survive VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 167 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 2 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 4 Śyāma Śyāma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 6 Sujāti Sujāti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 9 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 10 stories story NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 12 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 14 sacrifice sacrifice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 15 spread spread VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 17 belief belief NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 20 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 21 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 22 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 23 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 25 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 27 sacrifice sacrifice VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 28 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 29 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 30 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 168 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 2 96][95 96][95 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 5 Ullambana Ullambana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 6 Sūtra Sūtra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 7 introduced introduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 9 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 11 transfer transfer NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 13 merit merit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 14 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 16 story story NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 18 Mulian Mulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 19 Saves Saves NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 20 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 21 Mother Mother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 23 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 26 establishment establishment NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 29 Ghost Ghost NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 30 Festival Festival NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 169 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 3 Buddhists Buddhists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 4 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 6 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 8 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 9 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 11 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 12 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 13 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 15 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 17 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 20 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 21 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 24 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 26 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 170 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 2 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 6 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 8 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 9 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 11 Tibet Tibet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 15 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 16 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 17 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 18 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 19 wrote write VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 22 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 24 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 25 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 26 beings being NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 27 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 28 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 29 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 30 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 31 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 32 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 35 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 36 practicing practice VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 37 compassion compassion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 39 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 40 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 41 beings being NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 43 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 44 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 45 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 46 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 47 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 48 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 49 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 51 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 52 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 53 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 55 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 56 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 171 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 2 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 5 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 6 emphasized emphasize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 9 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 10 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 12 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 13 goes go VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 14 through through RP en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 15 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 16 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 17 birth birth NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 19 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 21 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 172 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 1 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 2 Buddhists Buddhists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 3 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 4 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 5 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 9 repay repay VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 11 goodness goodness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 13 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 15 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 18 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 19 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 20 sins sin NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 21 mothers mother NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 22 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 23 committed commit VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 25 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 26 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 27 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 173 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 2 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 5 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 6 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 8 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 9 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 11 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 13 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 15 indebtedness indebtedness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 18 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 23 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 25 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 26 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 27 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 28 perspectives perspective VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 29 emphasizing emphasize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 31 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 174 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 2 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 6 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 8 critics critic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 10 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 11 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 13 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 14 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 15 impact impact NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 16 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 18 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 21 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 24 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 25 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 26 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 29 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 31 Confucianist Confucianist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 32 revival revival NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 34 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 35 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 36 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 37 Zong Zong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 39 841–845 841–845 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 41 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 43 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 44 Anti Anti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 45 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 46 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 47 Persecution Persecution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 49 citing cite VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 50 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 52 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 53 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 54 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 55 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 56 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 57 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 58 reasons reason NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 59 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 60 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 61 Buddhist buddhist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 62 institutions institution NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 175 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 2 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 4 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 5 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 7 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 9 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 10 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 13 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 15 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 16 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 17 cultures culture NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 176 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 2 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 4 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 5 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 7 uphold uphold VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 9 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 11 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 12 rituals ritual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 14 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 15 rites rite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 17 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 19 up up RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 20 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 21 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 22 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 23 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 25 13th–20th 13th–20th NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 26 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 177 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 2 102 102 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 4 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 6 sūtras sūtra NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 8 narratives narrative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 9 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 10 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 11 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 13 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 14 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 178 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 2 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 5 Ghost Ghost NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 6 Festival Festival NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 8 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 9 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 11 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 12 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 13 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 15 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 16 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 17 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 20 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 22 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 23 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 25 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 179 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 2 103 103 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 4 Late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 5 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 6 period[edit period[edit . en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 8 Woodblock Woodblock NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 9 print print NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 11 illustration illustration NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 14 Twenty Twenty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 16 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 17 Cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 19 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 20 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 180 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 1 Okumura Okumura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 2 Masanobu Masanobu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 4 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 5 1730s 1730 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 181 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 3 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 7 missionaries missionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 8 tried try VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 10 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 11 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 12 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 14 worshiping worship VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 16 ancestors ancestor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 182 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 3 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 6 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 8 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 9 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 183 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 6 Qing Qing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 7 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 11 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 12 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 14 redefined redefine VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 17 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 18 Kangxi Kangxi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 20 1654–1722 1654–1722 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 23 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 24 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 27 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 28 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 29 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 30 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 31 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 32 loyal loyal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 34 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 35 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 36 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 37 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 38 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 39 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 40 sons son NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 42 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 43 servants servant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 44 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 45 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 46 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 47 allowed allow VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 48 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 49 go go VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 50 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 51 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 52 leave leave NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 53 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 54 perform perform VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 55 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 56 rituals ritual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 57 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 58 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 59 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 184 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 2 parallel parallel JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 3 conception conception NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 5 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 6 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 7 disappeared disappear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 9 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 10 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 185 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 2 104 104 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 4 Unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 5 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 6 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 8 patriarchalism patriarchalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 10 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 11 enactment enactment NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 13 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 14 grew grow VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 16 strict strict JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 18 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 19 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 20 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 186 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 2 duties duty NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 5 obedient obedient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 6 child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 8 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 10 precisely precisely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 12 rigidly rigidly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 13 prescribed prescribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 17 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 19 legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 20 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 21 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 22 Dau Dau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 24 lin lin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 25 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 26 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 27 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 28 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 30 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 32 engendered engender VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 34 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 35 authoritarian authoritarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 36 spirit spirit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 37 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 38 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 39 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 40 alien alien JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 41 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 42 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 43 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 44 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 187 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 1 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 4 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 5 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 6 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 7 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 8 patriarchalism patriarchalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 9 high high RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 12 organizing organize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 13 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 15 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 18 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 20 punishments punishment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 21 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 22 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 23 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 24 strict strict JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 26 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 188 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 2 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 4 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 5 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 7 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 11 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 14 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 15 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 16 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 17 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 18 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 20 compiled compile VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 22 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 23 Biographies Biographies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 25 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 26 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 27 Children Children NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 29 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 30 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 32 Fu Fu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 33 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 34 Ko Ko NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 35 Shi Shi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 36 Dan Dan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 189 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 4 19th–20th 19th–20th CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 5 century[edit century[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 7 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 9 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 11 communism communism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 13 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 16 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 17 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 18 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 20 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 21 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 23 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 25 centered center VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 26 living living NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 28 discouraged discourage VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 31 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 190 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 6 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 7 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 8 Movement Movement NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 10 1911 1911 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 12 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 13 intellectuals intellectual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 15 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 16 missionaries missionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 17 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 19 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 21 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 22 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 25 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 26 considering consider VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 29 obstruction obstruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 31 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 191 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 5 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 7 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 8 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 11 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 14 obstacle obstacle NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 16 modernization modernization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 18 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 19 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 20 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 22 disagreement disagreement NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 25 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 26 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 29 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 192 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 4 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 5 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 6 believed believe VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 10 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 11 networks network NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 12 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 15 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 16 concrete concrete JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 17 expressions expression NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 20 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 22 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 25 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 26 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 29 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 30 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 31 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 32 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 34 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 35 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 37 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 193 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 5 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 6 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 7 trend trend NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 9 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 10 patriarchalism patriarchalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 11 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 13 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 16 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 18 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 19 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 20 patrimonial patrimonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 21 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 23 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 24 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 25 kin kin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 194 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 2 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 4 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 5 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 6 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 8 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 9 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 11 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 12 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 15 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 16 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 18 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 19 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 21 close close VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 22 kin kin NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 23 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 25 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 195 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 2 industrialization industrialization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 3 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 5 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 6 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 8 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 9 criticized criticize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 10 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 12 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 13 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 15 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 17 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 18 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 19 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 21 limited limit VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 23 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 25 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 26 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 27 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 29 challenges challenge NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 32 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 196 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 2 107 107 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 6 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 8 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 9 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 12 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 13 stance stance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 14 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 15 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 16 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 19 aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 21 Confucianism confucianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 24 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 25 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 26 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 28 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 29 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 30 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 31 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 33 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 34 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 35 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 197 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 3 1950s 1950 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 5 Mao Mao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 6 Zedong Zedong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 8 socialist socialist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 9 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 10 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 13 dissolution dissolution NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 15 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 16 businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 18 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 19 dependence dependence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 22 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 23 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 25 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 26 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 27 socialism socialism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 28 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 29 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 30 go go VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 31 that that RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 32 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 34 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 35 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 198 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 2 108 108 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 4 Ethnographic ethnographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 5 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 8 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 10 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 11 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 13 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 15 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 17 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 18 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 19 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 20 cared care VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 23 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 26 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 27 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 28 lived live VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 30 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 32 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 33 married married JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 34 sons son NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 199 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 2 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 4 Developments development NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 6 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 7 society[edit society[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 9 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 10 21st 21st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 13 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 14 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 16 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 17 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 18 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 20 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 21 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 22 decreased decrease VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 200 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 2 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 7 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 10 nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 11 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 12 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 13 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 14 co co NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 15 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 16 residence residence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 18 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 201 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 1 Families family NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 3 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 4 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 5 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 7 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 8 planning planning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 10 housing housing NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 11 shortages shortage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 202 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 2 causes cause NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 4 decrease decrease NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 6 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 8 individualism individualism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 11 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 13 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 15 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 17 emigration emigration NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 19 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 20 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 22 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 25 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 27 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 28 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 30 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 203 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 2 110 110 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 4 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 5 amplify amplify VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 7 trend trend NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 10 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 12 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 13 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 15 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 16 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 204 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 5 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 7 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 9 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 10 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 14 emphasized emphasize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 18 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 19 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 20 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 22 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 205 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 1 Kinship Kinship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 2 ties tie NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 3 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 5 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 7 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 9 families family NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 10 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 11 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 12 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 13 bi bi JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 14 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 15 lateral lateral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 17 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 206 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 2 111 111 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 5 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 6 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 8 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 10 expressed express VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 13 changing change VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 207 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 1 Communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 3 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 4 tends tend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 7 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 8 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 9 reciprocal reciprocal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 11 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 14 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 17 kindness kindness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 19 courtesy courtesy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 21 replacing replace VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 22 obedience obedience NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 24 subservience subservience NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 208 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 2 112 112 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 4 Care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 6 giving[edit giving[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 8 Stone stone NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 9 headrest headr JJS en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 11 scenes scene NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 14 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 16 Ming Ming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 17 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 19 1368–1644 1368–1644 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 21 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 22 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 23 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 24 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 26 elder eld JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 27 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 28 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 29 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 30 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 209 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 1 Studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 2 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 3 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 5 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 8 discrepancy discrepancy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 11 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 12 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 13 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 14 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 17 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 18 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 21 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 210 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 2 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 5 discrepancy discrepancy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 7 regard regard NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 9 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 10 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 13 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 14 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 15 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 17 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 18 unhappy unhappy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 211 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 2 55][5 55][5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 4 Industrialization industrialization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 6 urbanization urbanization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 8 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 10 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 12 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 13 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 16 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 17 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 18 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 19 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 21 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 22 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 23 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 24 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 25 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 212 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 4 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 7 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 9 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 11 giving giving NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 14 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 16 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 17 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 20 undergone undergo VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 21 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 22 revolutionary revolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 23 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 25 Mainland Mainland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 26 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 29 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 30 obligations obligation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 31 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 32 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 33 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 35 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 37 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 38 automatic automatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 213 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 2 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 4 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 6 elders elder NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 7 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 9 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 10 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 12 East east JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 13 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 14 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 214 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 2 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 4 Comparing compare VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 5 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 8 1990s 1990 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 10 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 13 PRC PRC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 15 sociologist sociologist NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 16 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 17 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 18 concluded conclude VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 21 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 23 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 24 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 25 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 26 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 27 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 30 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 33 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 34 assistance assistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 35 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 37 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 39 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 41 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 43 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 45 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 46 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 47 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 48 economically economically RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 49 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 50 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 51 nation nation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 215 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 2 115 115 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 4 Work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 5 ethos ethos NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 7 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 8 practices[edit practices[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 10 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 11 mainland mainland JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 12 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 13 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 14 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 17 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 22 decreasing decrease VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 24 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 216 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 3 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 5 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 7 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 8 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 9 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 11 managerial managerial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 12 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 14 promoted promote VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 17 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 18 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 20 modernize modernize VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 22 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 217 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 7 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 9 employees employee NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 10 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 11 regard regard VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 13 employer employer NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 16 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 18 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 23 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 24 obliged oblige VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 26 express express VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 27 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 28 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 218 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 2 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 4 Relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 6 law[edit law[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 8 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 11 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 12 responsibility responsibility NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 13 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 14 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 15 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 16 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 18 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 19 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 20 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 22 legislation legislation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 23 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 24 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 25 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 27 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 29 uphold uphold VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 30 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 31 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 219 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 3 2000s 2000 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 5 Singapore Singapore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 6 introduced introduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 8 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 10 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 13 offense offense NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 15 refuse refuse VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 17 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 18 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 20 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 21 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 23 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 24 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 25 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 26 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 27 punitive punitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 28 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 220 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 1 Hong Hong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 2 Kong Kong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 7 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 10 attempted attempt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 12 influence influence VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 14 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 16 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 17 incentives incentive NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 19 fulfilling fulfil VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 21 obligations obligation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 221 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 4 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 5 tax tax NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 6 allowances allowance NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 8 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 10 citizens citizen NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 13 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 15 live live VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 18 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 19 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 222 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 2 118 118 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 5 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 7 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 9 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 10 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 12 reliance reliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 14 governance governance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 16 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 17 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 18 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 20 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 23 better well RBR en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 24 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 26 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 27 crime crime NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 29 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 30 misconduct misconduct NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 31 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 32 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 33 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 34 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 35 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 36 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 37 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 38 legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 39 means mean NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 223 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 2 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 4 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 5 Asian Asian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 6 immigrants[edit immigrants[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 8 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 10 immigrate immigrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 13 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 14 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 15 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 16 continue continue VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 18 send send VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 19 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 22 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 23 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 25 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 26 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 224 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 2 119 119 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 5 also[edit also[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 7 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 10 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 13 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 14 Honour Honour NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 15 thy thy PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 16 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 18 thy thy PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 19 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 20 Notes[edit notes[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 23 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 24 Analects Analects NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 25 1:2 1:2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 27 Xiao Xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 28 Jing Jing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 30 chap.1 chap.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 32 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 34 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 35 Ebrey Ebrey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 37 Patricia Patricia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 38 Buckley Buckley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 225 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 2 Paintings painting NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 4 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 5 agendas agenda NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 226 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 2 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 3 Sourcebook sourcebook NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 5 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 6 Civilization Civilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 227 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 228 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 228 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 228 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 228 4 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 228 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 2 Kohn Kohn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 5 passim passim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 229 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 230 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 231 1 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 231 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 231 3 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 231 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 2 Ikels Ikels NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 232 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 233 1 2–3 2–3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 233 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 7 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 8 Yee Yee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 9 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 234 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 2 Mann Mann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 4 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 9 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 235 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 3 2009a 2009a NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 236 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 237 1 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 237 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 237 3 186–7 186–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 237 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 5 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 6 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 10 267 267 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 238 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 5 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 7 Bond Bond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 8 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 12 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 239 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 4 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 9 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 240 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 2 Cong Cong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 7 158 158 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 241 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 6 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 7 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 8 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 12 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 242 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 5 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 6 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 10 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 243 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 7 f f NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 8 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 9 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 13 350 350 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 244 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 6 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 8 O'Connor O'Connor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 9 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 10 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 11 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 15 159 159 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 245 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 4 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 5 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 9 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 246 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 2 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 4 O'Connor O'Connor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 6 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 7 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 247 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 248 1 158–9 158–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 248 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 4 Fung Fung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 6 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 7 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 11 486 486 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 249 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 5 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 6 2009a 2009a NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 10 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 250 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 4 Oh Oh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 5 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 9 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 251 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 5 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 6 2009b 2009b NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 10 355 355 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 252 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 5 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 10 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 253 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 2 Chang Chang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 4 Kalmanson Kalmanson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 5 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 9 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 254 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 4 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 5 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 9 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 255 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 2 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 3 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 5 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 9 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 12 Yee Yee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 14 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 17 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 19 2009a 2009a CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 21 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 22   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 23 187 187 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 256 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 257 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 257 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 257 3 mentions mention NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 257 4 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 257 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 4 Cong Cong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 5 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 9 159 159 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 258 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 2 See see UH en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 3 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 9 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 12 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 14 2009a 2009a CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 16 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 18 187 187 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 259 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 2 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 4 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 5 mentions mention VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 7 seats seat NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 9 gifts gift NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 260 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 4 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 5 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 261 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 262 1 15–6 15–6 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 262 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 4 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 5 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 9 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 263 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 7 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 264 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 7 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 265 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 5 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 6 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 10 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 266 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 267 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 268 1 16–7 16–7 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 268 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 7 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 269 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 6 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 7 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 8 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 12 269 269 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 270 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 6 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 7 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 8 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 12 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 271 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 7 92–4 92–4 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 272 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 2 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 273 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 274 1 270 270 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 274 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 2 《 《 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 3 孝經》:“‘身體髮膚,受之父母,不敢毀傷,孝之始也 孝經》:“‘身體髮膚,受之父母,不敢毀傷,孝之始也 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 4 。 。 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 5 ’ ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 6 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 275 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 1 Xiaojing xiaoje VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 5 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 6 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 8 Zengzi Zengzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 11 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 12 Your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 13 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 15 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 16 hair hair NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 18 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 20 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 21 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 22 received receive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 24 your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 25 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 27 mother mother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 30 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 31 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 32 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 33 dare dare VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 35 harm harm VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 37 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 38 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 276 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 4 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 6 xiao xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 8 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 277 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 2 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 3 Sun Sun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 5 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 7 Boore Boore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 9 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 13 256 256 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 278 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 1 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 7 102 102 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 9 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 10 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 12 offers offer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 13 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 14 rendering rendering NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 16 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 279 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 2 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 7 278 278 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 280 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 7 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 281 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 7 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 282 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 4 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 5 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 9 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 283 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 2 Chow Chow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 3 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 7 320 320 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 284 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 4 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 6 Yuen Yuen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 8 Slaney Slaney NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 9 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 13 252 252 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 285 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 4 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 5 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 286 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 7 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 9 n.2 n.2 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5485 287 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 7 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 9 quote quote UH en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 12 Xiao Xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 13 xun xun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 16 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 17 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 19 filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 20 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 22 commands command VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 24 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 27 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 29 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 30 respectful respectful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 32 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 34 xiao xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 37 obedient obedient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 39 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 41 xun xun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 44 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 45 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 46 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 48 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 49 elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 50 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 51 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 52 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 54 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 55 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 288 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 2 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 3 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 7 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 289 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 7 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 290 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 7 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 291 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 2 Yim Yim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 7 165 165 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 292 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 2 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 7 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 293 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 5 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 6 Fung Fung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 8 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 9 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 13 315 315 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 294 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 7 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 295 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 7 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 296 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 297 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 298 1 17–8 17–8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 298 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 7 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 299 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 300 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 301 1 22–4 22–4 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 301 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 7 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 302 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 2 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 4 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 6 change change VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 8 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 10 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 12 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 13 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 15 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 17 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 303 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 304 1 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 304 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 304 3 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 304 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 304 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 4 consequences consequence NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 6 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 7 Yee Yee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 9 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 305 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 1 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 3 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 7 361 361 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 10 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 12 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 14 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 16 change change VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 19 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 20 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 22 fatalism fatalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 24 dogmatism dogmatism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 26 authoritarianism authoritarianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 28 conformism conformism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 306 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 2 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 3 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 307 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 308 1 351–2 351–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 308 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 308 3 362 362 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 308 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 7 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 309 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 2 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 3 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 7 361 361 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 310 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 311 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 312 1 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 312 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 312 3 34–5 34–5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 312 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 2 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 7 276 276 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 313 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 7 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 314 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 2 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 3 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 7 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 315 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 2 Yim Yim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 316 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 317 1 165–6 165–6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 317 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 2 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 7 274–5 274–5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 318 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 7 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 319 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 320 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 321 1 102–3 102–3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 321 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 321 3 n.56 n.56 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 321 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 322 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 323 1 1–2 1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 323 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 324 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 325 1 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 325 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 325 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 325 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 4 Chan Chan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 6 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 7 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 326 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 4 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 5 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 9 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 327 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 7 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 328 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 7 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 329 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 330 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 330 2 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 330 3 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 330 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 331 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 331 2 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 331 3 1973 1973 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 331 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 2 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 3 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 7 214 214 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 332 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 2 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 3 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 7 220 220 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 333 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 2 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 3 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 7 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 334 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 2 Schopen Schopen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 3 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 335 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 1 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 3 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 5 65–7 65–7 IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 336 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 2 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 3 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 337 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 338 1 172–3 172–3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 338 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 2 Zurcher Zurcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 3 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 7 281 281 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 339 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 2 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 3 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 7 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 340 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 2 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 3 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 341 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 342 1 82–3 82–3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 342 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 2 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 3 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 7 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 343 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 4 Kunio Kunio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 5 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 344 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 345 1 115–6 115–6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 345 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 2 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 3 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 7 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 346 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 2 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 3 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 7 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 347 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 4 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 5 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 9 224 224 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 348 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 4 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 5 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 9 178 178 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 349 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 2 Knapp Knapp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 3 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 350 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 1 135–6 135–6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 3 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 5 145 145 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 351 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 2 Wilson Wilson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 3 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 7 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 352 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 2 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 4 tian tian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 5 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 353 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 354 1 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 354 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 354 3 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 354 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 2 Idema Idema NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 3 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 7 xvii xvii NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 355 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 2 Cole Cole NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 3 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 356 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 3 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 357 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 358 1 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 358 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 358 3 10–1 10–1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 358 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 3 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 359 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 360 1 12–3 12–3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 360 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 2 Truitt Truitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 3 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 7 292 292 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 361 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 2 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 7 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 362 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 363 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 364 1 87–8 87–8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 364 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 364 3 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 364 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 2 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 3 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 7 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 365 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 2 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 3 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 7 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 366 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 2 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 367 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 368 1 107–8 107–8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 368 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 2 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 7 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 369 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 2 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 3 Fung Fung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 5 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 7 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 11 315 315 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 15 nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 16 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 18 individualism individualism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 20 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 22 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 24 emigration emigration NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 26 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 27 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 370 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 4 2009a 2009a CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 6 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 8 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 12 causes cause NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 15 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 18 nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 19 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 22 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 24 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 25 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 371 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 2 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 7 108 108 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 372 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 7 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 373 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 3 2009a 2009a NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 374 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 375 1 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 375 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 375 3 185 185 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 375 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 2 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 3 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 7 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 376 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 2 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 3 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 377 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 378 1 117–8 117–8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 378 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 2 Fu Fu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 4 Tsui Tsui NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 5 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 9 426 426 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 379 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 2 Oh oh UH en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 3 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 7 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 380 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 2 Chow Chow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 3 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 381 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 382 1 319–20 319–20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 382 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 2 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 3 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 7 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 383 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 1 Bibliography[edit bibliography[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 3 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 5 Hugh Hugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 6 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 7 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 9 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 12 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 13 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 15 Kinship Kinship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 17 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 18 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 19 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 20 Chan Chan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 22 Alan Alan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 23 Kam Kam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 25 leung leung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 27 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 29 Sor Sor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 31 hoon hoon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 33 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 37 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 40 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 41 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 43 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 44 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 46 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 48 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 49 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 51 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 52   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 53 1–11 1–11 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 55 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 56   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 57 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 58 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 59 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 60 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 61 415 415 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 62 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 63 33365 33365 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 64 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 65 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 66 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 68 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 69 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 70 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 71 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 73 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 74 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 75 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 76 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 77 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 78 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 79 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 81 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 82 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 83 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 84 Asiatic Asiatic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 85 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 87 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 88 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 89 81–97 81–97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 91 doi:10.2307/2718595 doi:10.2307/2718595 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 93 ISSN ISSN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 94   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 95 0073 0073 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 96 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 97 0548 0548 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 98 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 99 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 100   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 101 2718595 2718595 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 102 Chang Chang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 103 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 104 Wonsuk Wonsuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 105 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 106 Kalmanson Kalmanson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 107 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 108 Leah Leah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 109 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 110 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 111 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 112 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 113 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 114 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 115 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 116 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 117 Context Context NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 118 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 119 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 120 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 121 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 122 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 123 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 124 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 125 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 126 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 127 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 128 Beyond Beyond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 129 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 130 SUNY SUNY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 131 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 132 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 133 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 134   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 135 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 136 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 137 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 138 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 139 4384 4384 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 140 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 141 3191 3191 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 142 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 143 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 144 Ch'en Ch'en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 145 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 146 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 147 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 148 1973 1973 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 149 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 150 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 151 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 152 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 153 Transformation Transformation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 154 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 155 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 156 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 157 Princeton Princeton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 158 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 159 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 160 Chow Chow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 161 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 162 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 163 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 164 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 165 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 166 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 167 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 168 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 169 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 170 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 171 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 172 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 173 Communities Communities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 174 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 175 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 176 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 177 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 178 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 384 179 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 385 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 385 2 Kim Kim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 385 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 385 4 B.J. B.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 386 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 386 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 386 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 3 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 6 Elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 8 Implications implication NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 10 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 11 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 12 Providers Providers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 14 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 15 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 17 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 387 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 1 319–24 319–24 LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 9 7618 7618 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 11 4530 4530 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 12 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 14 Cole Cole NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 16 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 17 Alan Alan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 19 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 22 Mothers Mothers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 24 Sons Sons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 26 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 27 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 29 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 30 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 31 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 33 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 34   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 35 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 36 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 37 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 39 8047 8047 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 41 6510 6510 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 42 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 43 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 44 Cong Cong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 388 46 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 6 Doctor doctor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 8 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 9 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 10 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 11 Relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 14 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 15 Paradigm Paradigm NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 17 Informed Informed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 18 Consent Consent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 21 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 22 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 24 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 26 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 28 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 30 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 33 149–78 149–78 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 35 doi:10.1076 doi:10.1076 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 36 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 37 jmep.29.2.149.31506 jmep.29.2.149.31506 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 39 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 40   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 41 15371185 15371185 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 42 Fu Fu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 389 44 P.P. P.P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 2 Tsui Tsui NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 4 A.S. A.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 6 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 10 Utilizing utilize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 11 Printed Printed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 12 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 14 Understand Understand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 15 Desired Desired NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 16 Leadership Leadership NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 17 Attributes Attributes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 20 People People NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 22 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 24 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 27 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 28 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 29 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 31 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 33 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 35 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 37 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 38 423–46 423–46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 40 doi:10.1023 doi:10.1023 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 41 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 42 A:1026373124564 A:1026373124564 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 43 Fung Fung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 390 45 H.H. H.H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 391 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 391 2 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 391 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 391 4 S.T. S.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 6 Psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 8 Aging age VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 11 Land Land NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 14 Panda Panda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 17 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 18 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 20 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 21 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 23 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 24 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 25 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 27 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 392 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 1 309–26 309–26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 9 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 11 954185 954185 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 14 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 393 16 G.G. G.G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 2 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 6 Patriarchy Patriarchy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 8 Patrimonialism Patrimonialism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 11 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 12 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 14 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 15 Comparison Comparison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 17 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 19 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 20 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 23 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 24 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 26 Sociology Sociology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 28 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 30 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 33 77–104 77–104 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 35 doi:10.2307/591019 doi:10.2307/591019 FW en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 37 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 38   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 39 591019 591019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 40 Ho Ho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 42 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 43 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 44 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 46 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 49 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 50 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 51 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 53 Authoritarian Authoritarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 54 Moralism Moralism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 56 Cognitive Cognitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 57 Conservatism Conservatism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 58 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 59 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 60 Societies Societies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 61 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 63 Genetic Genetic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 65 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 67 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 68 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 69 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 70 Monographs Monographs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 72 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 73 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 74 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 75 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 76 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 77 349–65 349–65 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 79 hdl:10722/53184 hdl:10722/53184 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 81 ISSN ISSN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 82   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 83 8756 8756 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 84 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 85 7547 7547 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 87 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 88   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 89 7926697 7926697 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 90 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 91 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 394 92 C.Y. C.Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 2 O'Connor O'Connor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 4 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 6 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 8 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 10 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 11 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 12 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 16 Understandings understanding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 18 Death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 20 Dying die VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 22 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 24 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 25 Origin Origin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 28 Death Death NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 29 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 31 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 33 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 35 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 36 153–174 153–174 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 38 doi:10.1080/07481180802440431 doi:10.1080/07481180802440431 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 40 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 41   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 42 19143109 19143109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 43 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 395 45 F.L.K. F.L.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 2 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 6 Confucianism confucianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 8 Comparative Comparative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 9 Context Context NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 13 Slote Slote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 15 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 16 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 18 Vos Vos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 20 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 396 21 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 397 1 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 397 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 397 3 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5485 397 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 3 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 6 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 8 SUNY SUNY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 9 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 398 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 1 53–74 53–74 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 9 7914 7914 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 11 3736 3736 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 14 Hsu Hsu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 399 16 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 2 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 6 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 7 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 9 Problems Problems NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 11 Therapy Therapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 15 Tseng Tseng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 400 17 W.S. W.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 401 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 401 2 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 401 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 401 4 D.Y.H. D.Y.H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 402 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 402 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 402 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 3 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 4 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 6 Mental Mental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 7 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 9 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 10 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 403 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 1 95–112 95–112 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 2 Idema Idema NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 4 Wilt Wilt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 5 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 7 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 10 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 11 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 13 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 14 Divine Divine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 15 Rewards Rewards NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 17 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 18 Legend Legend NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 20 Dong Dong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 21 Yong Yong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 23 Weaving Weaving NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 24 Maiden Maiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 26 Related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 27 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 29 Hackett Hackett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 30 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 32 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 33   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 34 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 36 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 38 60384 60384 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 40 219 219 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 42 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 43 Ikels Ikels NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 45 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 47 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 50 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 51 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 52 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 53 Practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 55 Discourse Discourse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 57 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 58 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 59 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 61 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 62 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 63 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 65 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 66   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 67 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 68 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 69 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 70 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 71 8047 8047 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 72 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 73 4791 4791 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 74 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 75 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 76 Jordan Jordan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 404 78 D.K. D.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 2 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 6 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 7 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 9 Taiwanese taiwanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 10 Popular Popular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 11 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 15 Slote Slote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 17 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 18 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 20 Vos Vos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 22 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 405 23 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 406 1 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 406 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 406 3 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5485 406 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 3 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 6 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 8 SUNY SUNY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 9 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 407 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 1 267–84 267–84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 9 7914 7914 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 11 3736 3736 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 14 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 408 16 A.Y. A.Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 409 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 409 2 Bond Bond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 409 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 409 4 M.H. M.H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 2 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 7 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 8 Paradigm Paradigm NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 10 Man Man NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 13 Sociological Sociological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 14 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 18 Tseng Tseng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 410 20 W.S. W.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 411 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 411 2 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 411 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 411 4 D.Y.H. D.Y.H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 412 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 412 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 412 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 3 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 4 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 6 Mental Mental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 7 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 9 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 10 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 413 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 414 1 2–45 2–45 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 414 2 Knapp Knapp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 414 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 414 4 K.N. K.N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 2 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 6 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 7 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 8 Cannibalism cannibalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 11 Silk Silk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 12 Road Road NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 13 Import Import NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 415 14 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 4 Wong Wong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 6 D.C. D.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 8 Heldt Heldt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 10 Gusthav Gusthav NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 12 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5485 416 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 3 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 5 Beyond Beyond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 8 Mediaeval Mediaeval NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 9 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 11 Cultural Cultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 12 Crossings Crossings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 14 Inter inter JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 16 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 17 Connections Connections NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 19 Cambria Cambria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 20 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 22 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 417 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 1 135–49 135–49 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 2 Kohn Kohn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 4 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 6 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 10 Immortal Immortal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 11 Parents Parents NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 13 Universal Universal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 14 Kin Kin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 16 Family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 17 Values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 19 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 20 Daoism Daoism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 24 Chan Chan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 418 26 A.K. A.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 419 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 419 2 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 419 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 419 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 420 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 420 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 420 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 3 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 4 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 6 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 7 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 9 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 11 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 421 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 1 91–109 91–109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 7 203 203 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 9 41388 41388 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 12 Kunio Kunio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 14 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 16 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 20 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 21 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 23 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 24 Authentic Authentic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 25 Parents Parents NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 26 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 30 Chan Chan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 422 32 A.K. A.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 423 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 423 2 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 423 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 423 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 424 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 424 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 424 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 3 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 4 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 6 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 7 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 9 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 11 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 425 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 1 111–110 111–110 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 7 203 203 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 9 41388 41388 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 12 Kutcher Kutcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 14 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 16 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 19 Mourning Mourning NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 21 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 22 Imperial Imperial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 23 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 24 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 25 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 26 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 29 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 31 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 32 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 33 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 35 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 36   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 37 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 39 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 41 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 43 03018 03018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 45 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 46 Kwan Kwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 426 48 K.L.K. K.L.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 2 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 6 Counseling counsel VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 7 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 8 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 10 Perspectives perspective NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 12 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 13 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 16 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 19 Asian Asian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 20 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 22 Counseling Counseling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 24 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 26 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 29 23–41 23–41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 30 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 32 tian tian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 34 Fang Fang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 36 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 39 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 40 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 41 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 42 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 44 Cengage Cengage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 45 Learning Learning NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 46 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 48 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 49   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 50 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 51 - - CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 52 981 981 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 53 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 54 4281 4281 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 55 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 56 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 57 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 58 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 59 Mann Mann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 61 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 62 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 63 Cheng Cheng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 427 65 Y.Y. Y.Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 2 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 5 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 6 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 7 Eyes eye NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 9 Writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 11 Gender Gender NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 13 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 14 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 16 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 18 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 19 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 21 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 22   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 23 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 25 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 27 520 520 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 29 22276 22276 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 31 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 32 Oh oh UH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 34 Tai Tai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 35 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 37 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 38 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 41 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 42 Understanding understand VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 43 Managerial managerial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 44 Values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 46 Behaviour Behaviour NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 47 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 49 Gang Gang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 51 Four Four NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 52 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 53 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 54 Korea Korea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 56 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 58 Singapore Singapore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 60 Hong Hong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 61 Kong Kong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 62 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 64 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 66 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 67 Development Development NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 69 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 70 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 71 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 72 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 73 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 74 46–56 46–56 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 76 doi:10.1108/02621719110141095 doi:10.1108/02621719110141095 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 77 Schopen Schopen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 79 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 80 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 81 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 82 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 83 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 84 Bones Bones NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 86 Stones Stones NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 87 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 88 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 89 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 90 Monks Monks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 91 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 92 Collected Collected NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 93 Papers Papers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 94 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 95 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 96 Archaeology Archaeology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 97 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 98 Epigraphy Epigraphy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 99 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 100 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 101 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 102 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 103 Monastic Monastic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 104 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 105 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 106 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 107 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 108 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 109 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 110 Hawaii Hawaii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 111 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 112 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 113 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 114   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 115 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 116 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 117 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 118 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 119 8248 8248 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 120 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 121 1870 1870 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 122 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 123 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 124 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 125 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 126 R.J. R.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 127 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 128 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 129 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 130 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 131 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 132 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 133 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 134 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 135 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 136 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 137 Persecution Persecution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 138 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 139 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 140 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 141 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 142 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 143 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 144 Keulman Keulman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 145 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 146 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 147 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 148 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 428 149 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 3 Critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 4 Moments moment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 6 Religious Religious NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 7 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 429 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 1 59–76 59–76 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 2 Strong Strong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 6 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 10 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 11 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 12 And and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 13 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 16 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 17 Antecedents Antecedents NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 21 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 23 Problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 26 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 30 Slater Slater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 32 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 33 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 34 Wiebe Wiebe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 430 36 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 431 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 431 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 431 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 3 Traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 5 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 7 Change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 9 Selected Selected NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 10 Proceedings Proceedings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 13 Xivth Xivth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 14 Congress Congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 15 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 17 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 18 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 21 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 22 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 23 Religions Religions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 25 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 27 Wilfrid Wilfrid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 28 Laurier Laurier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 29 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 30 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 31 Sun Sun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 432 33 F.K. F.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 2 Long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 4 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 6 Boore Boore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 433 8 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 2 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 3 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 8 Attitudes Attitudes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 10 Casualty Casualty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 11 Nurses Nurses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 13 Taiwan Taiwan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 15 Patients Patients NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 16 Who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 17 Have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 18 Attempted attempt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 19 Suicide Suicide NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 22 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 24 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 25 Nursing Nursing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 27 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 29 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 32 255–63 255–63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 34 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 35 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 36 j.1365 j.1365 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 38 2702.2005.01479.x 2702.2005.01479.x NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 40 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 41   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 42 17239060 17239060 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 43 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 434 45 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 2 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 6 Elder elder JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 7 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 9 Exploration Exploration NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 11 Ideals Ideals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 13 Forms Forms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 15 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 16 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 19 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 21 Aging Aging NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 22 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 24 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 26 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 29 13–26 13–26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 31 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 32 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 33 S0890 S0890 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 35 4065(00)00014 4065(00)00014 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 36 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 37 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 38 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 435 40 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 2 2009a 2009a LS en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 6 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 7 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 8 Adults Adults NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 10 Elder eld JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 11 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 12 Expressions expression NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 14 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 15 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 19 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 436 21 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 437 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 437 2 Kim Kim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 437 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 437 4 B.J. B.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 438 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 438 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 438 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 3 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 6 Elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 8 Implications implication NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 10 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 11 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 12 Providers Providers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 14 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 15 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 17 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 439 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 1 179–216 179–216 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 9 7618 7618 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 11 4530 4530 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 14 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 440 16 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 2 2009b 2009b CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 6 Repayment repayment NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 8 Parents Parents NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 9 Kindness Kindness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 11 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 12 Way Way NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 16 Sung Sung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 441 18 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 442 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 442 2 Kim Kim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 442 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 442 4 B.J. B.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 443 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 443 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5485 443 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 3 Respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 6 Elderly elderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 8 Implications implication NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 10 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 11 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 12 Providers Providers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 14 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 15 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 17 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 444 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 1 353–66 353–66 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 9 7618 7618 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 11 4530 4530 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 14 Truitt Truitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 16 Allison Allison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 18 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 22 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 24 Day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 25 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 27 Vu Vu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 28 Lan Lan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 29 Season season NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 30 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 31 Celebrating celebrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 32 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 33 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 36 Vietnamese vietnamese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 37 Diaspora Diaspora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 40 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 42 Asian Asian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 43 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 44 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 46 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 48 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 49 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 50 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 51 289–311 289–311 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 53 doi:10.1353 doi:10.1353 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 54 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 55 jaas.2015.0025 jaas.2015.0025 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 56 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 445 58 K.T. K.T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 2 Yuen Yuen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 4 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 6 Slaney Slaney NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 446 8 R.B. R.B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 8 Perfectionism Perfectionism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 10 Depression Depression NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 12 Loneliness Loneliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 15 Life Life NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 16 Satisfaction Satisfaction NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 19 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 20 Counseling Counseling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 21 Psychologist Psychologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 23 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 25 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 28 249–74 249–74 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 30 doi:10.1177/0011000008315975 doi:10.1177/0011000008315975 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 31 Wilson Wilson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 33 Liz Liz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 35 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 36 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 39 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 40 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 42 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 45 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 46 Compass Compass NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 48 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 50 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 52 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 53 188–198 188–198 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 55 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 56 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 57 rec3.12107 rec3.12107 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 58 Whyte Whyte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 447 60 M.K. M.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 6 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 7 Obligations Obligations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 9 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 10 Families family NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 12 Paradoxes Paradoxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 14 Modernization modernization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 17 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 21 Ikels Ikels NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 23 Charlotte Charlotte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 25 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 448 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 3 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 4 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 6 Practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 8 Discourse Discourse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 10 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 11 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 12 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 14 Stanford Stanford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 15 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 16 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 18 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 449 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 1 106–27 106–27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 7 8047 8047 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 9 4790 4790 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 12 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 14 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 16 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 20 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 21 Translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 23 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 24 Sūtras Sūtras NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 25 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 27 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 28 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 31 Response response NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 33 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 34 Criticism criticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 36 Buddhists Buddhists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 37 Being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 38 Unfilial unfilial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 42 Sharma Sharma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 44 Anita Anita NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 46 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 450 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 3 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 5 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 6 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 8 Aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 10 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 12 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 13 Universal Universal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 14 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 15 Presented present VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 18 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 19 Context Context NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 21 Vidyanidhi Vidyanidhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 22 Prakashan Prakashan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 24 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 451 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 1 75–86 75–86 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 5 9789380651408 9789380651408 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 6 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 8 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 10 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 15 Teaching Teaching NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 17 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 19 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 20 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 22 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 25 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 28 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 30 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 32 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 34 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 36 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 38 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 39 212–26 212–26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 41 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 42   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 43 1076 1076 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 44 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 45 9005 9005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 46 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 48 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 50 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 51 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 54 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 55 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 57 Practices Practices NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 59 Applications Applications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 61 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 62 Concepts concept VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 63   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 64 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 65 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 66 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 67 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 68 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 69 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 70 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 72 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 73 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 74 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 75 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 76 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 78 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 79 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 80 acrefore/9780199340378.013.559 acrefore/9780199340378.013.559 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 81 Yee Yee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 452 83 B.W.K. B.W.K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 2 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 6 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 7 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 11 Jackson Jackson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 453 13 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 454 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 454 2 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 454 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 3 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 5 Multicultural Multicultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 8 SAGE SAGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 9 Publications Publications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 13 214 214 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 15 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 16   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 17 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 19 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 21 4522 4522 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 23 6556 6556 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 25 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 26 Yim Yim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 28 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 30 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 34 Psychocultural Psychocultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 35 Features Features NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 37 Ancestor Ancestor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 38 Worship Worship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 42 Slote Slote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 44 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 45 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 46 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 47 Vos Vos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 49 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 455 50 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 456 1 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 456 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 456 3 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5485 456 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 3 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 6 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 8 SUNY SUNY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 9 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 457 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 1 163–86 163–86 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 9 7914 7914 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 11 3736 3736 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 13 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 14 Zurcher Zurcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 16 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 18 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 21 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 22 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 23 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 25 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 27 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 28 Spread Spread NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 30 Adaptation Adaptation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 32 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 34 Early Early NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 35 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 36 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 38 3rd 3rd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 39 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 458 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 3 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 4 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 6 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 8 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 10 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 12 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 14 15604 15604 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 16 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 17 Further Further NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 18 reading[edit reading[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 20 Berezkin Berezkin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 22 Rostislav Rostislav NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 24 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 25 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 26 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 30 Pictorial Pictorial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 31 Versions Versions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 34 Mulian Mulian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 35 Story Story NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 37 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 38 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 40 Tenth tenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 41 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 42 Seventeenth Seventeenth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 43 Centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 45 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 46 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 48 Connections Connections NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 50 Religious Religious NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 51 Painting Painting NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 53 Storytelling Storytelling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 56 Fudan Fudan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 57 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 60 Humanities Humanities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 61 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 62 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 63 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 65 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 66 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 67 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 68 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 69 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 70 95–120 95–120 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 72 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 73 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 74 s40647 s40647 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 75 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 76 015 015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 77 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 78 0060 0060 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 79 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 80 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 81 Traylor Traylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 459 83 K.L. K.L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 2 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 5 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 6 Filial Filial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 7 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 9 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 10 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 11 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 13 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 15 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 19 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 20 Piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 22 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 23 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 26 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 28 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 29 Ethics Ethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 31 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 33 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 34 82–106 82–106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 35 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 36 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 38 Wikiquote Wikiquote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 39 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 40 quotations quotation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 41 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 43 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 44 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 45 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 46 Xiàojing xiàojing NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 47 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 48 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 49 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 51 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 52 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 53 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 54 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 55 Piety Piety NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 56 Sutra Sutra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 58 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 59 discourse discourse NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 60 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 62 kindness kindness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 63 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 64 parents parent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 65 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 66 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 67 difficulty difficulty NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 68 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 69 repaying repay VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 70 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 71 v v IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 72 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 73 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 74 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 75 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 76 Schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 77 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 78 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 79 Agriculturalism Agriculturalism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 80 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 81 Taoism Taoism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 82 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 83 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 84 Huang Huang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 85 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 86 Lao Lao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 87 Legalism Legalism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 88 Mohism Mohism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 89 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 90 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 91 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 92 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 93 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 94 Taoism Taoism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 95 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 96 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 97 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 98 Marxist Marxist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 99 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 100 School School NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 101 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 102 Diplomacy Diplomacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 103 School School NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 104 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 105 Names Names NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 106 School School NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 107 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 108 Naturalists Naturalists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 109 Yangism Yangism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 110 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 111 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 112 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 113 Nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 114 Schools Schools NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 115 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 116 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 117 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 118 Hundred Hundred NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 119 Schools Schools NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 120 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 121 Thought Thought NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 122 Philosophers Philosophers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 123 Confucius Confucius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 124 Gaozi Gaozi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 125 Gongsun Gongsun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 126 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 127 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 128 Feizi Feizi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 129 Huan Huan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 130 Tan Tan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 131 Huang Huang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 132 Zongxi Zongxi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 133 Jin Jin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 134 Yuelin Yuelin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 135 Laozi Laozi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 136 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 137 Si Si NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 138 Lu Lu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 139 Jiuyuan Jiuyuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 140 Mencius Mencius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 141 Mozi Mozi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 142 Shang Shang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 143 Yang Yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 144 Su Su NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 145 Qin Qin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 146 Sunzi Sunzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 147 Tu Tu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 148 Weiming Weiming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 149 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 150 Chong Chong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 151 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 152 Fuzhi Fuzhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 153 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 154 Yangming Yangming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 155 Xu Xu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 156 Xing Xing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 157 Xunzi Xunzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 158 Yang Yang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 159 Zhu Zhu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 160 Zhang Zhang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 161 Yi Yi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 162 Zhu Zhu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 163 Xi Xi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 164 Zhuangzi Zhuangzi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 165 Zou Zou NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 166 Yan Yan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 167 Concepts Concepts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 168 Dào dào NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 169 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 170 Way Way NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 171 Dé Dé NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 172 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 173 Virtue Virtue NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 174 Fǎ Fǎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 175 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 176 Model Model NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 177 Jiān Jiān NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 178 ài ài NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 179 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 180 Universal Universal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 181 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 182 Jing Jing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 183 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 184 Reverence Reverence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 185 Jìngzuo Jìngzuo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 186 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 187 Meditation Meditation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 188 Lĭ Lĭ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 189 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 190 Ritual ritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 191 propriety propriety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 192 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 193 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 194 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 195 Mìng Mìng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 196 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 197 Mandate Mandate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 198 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 199 fate fate NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 200 Qì qì NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 201 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 202 Energy Energy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 203 Qing Qing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 204 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 205 Essence Essence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 206 Rén Rén NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 207 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 208 Humaneness Humaneness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 209 Shén Shén NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 210 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 211 Spirit Spirit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 212 Si Si NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 213 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 214 Reflection Reflection NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 215 Tǐ Tǐ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 216 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 217 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 218 Tiān Tiān NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 219 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 220 Divine divine JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 221 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 222 Wú Wú VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 223 wéi wéi NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 224 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 225 Nonaction Nonaction NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 226 Xiào Xiào NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 227 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 228 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 229 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 230 Xin Xin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 231 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 232 Disposition disposition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 233 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 234 intuition intuition NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 235 Xing xe VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 236 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 237 Human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 238 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 239 Yì yì NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 240 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 241 Righteousness Righteousness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 242 Yīnyáng Yīnyáng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 243 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 244 Interdependent Interdependent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 245 opposites opposite VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 246 Yòng Yòng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 247 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 248 Function function NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 249 Zhèngmíng Zhèngmíng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 250 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 251 Rectification rectification NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 252 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 253 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 254 Zhì Zhì NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 255 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 256 Intention intention NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 257 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 258 will will NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 259 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 260 Wisdom wisdom NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 261 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 262 cleverness cleverness NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 263 Zìrán Zìrán NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 264 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 265 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 266 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 267 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 268 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 269 natural natural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 270 Topics Topics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 271 Aesthetics Aesthetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 272 Epistemology Epistemology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 273 Ethics Ethics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 274 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 275 Role Role NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 276 ethics ethic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 277 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 278 consequentialism consequentialism NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 279 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 280 Logic Logic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 281 Metaphysics Metaphysics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 282 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 283 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 284 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 285 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 286 Theology Theology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 287 Regional Regional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 288 schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 289 Lingnan Lingnan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 290 Confucianism Confucianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 291 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 292 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 293 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 294 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 295 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 296 Household Household NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 297 Nuclear Nuclear NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 298 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 299 Extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 300 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 301 Conjugal Conjugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 302 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 303 Immediate immediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 304 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 305 Matrifocal matrifocal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 306 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 307 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 308 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 309 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 310 relatives relative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 311 Parent Parent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 312 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 313 mother mother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 314 Child Child NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 315 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 316 daughter daughter NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 317 Sibling Sibling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 318 brother brother NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 319 sister sister NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 320 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 321 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 322 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 323 relatives relative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 324 Grandparent Grandparent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 325 Grandchild Grandchild NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 326 Aunt Aunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 327 Uncle Uncle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 328 Niece Niece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 329 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 330 nephew nephew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 331 Third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 332 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 333 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 334 relatives relative NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 335 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 336 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 337 grandparent grandparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 338 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 339 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 340 grandchild grandchild NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 341 Grandniece Grandniece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 342 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 343 grandnephew grandnephew VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 344 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 345 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 346 Uncle Uncle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 347 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 348 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 349 Aunt Aunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 350 Cousin Cousin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 351 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 352 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 353 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 354 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 355 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 356 Spouse Spouse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 357 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 358 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 359 Parent Parent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 360 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 361 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 362 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 363 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 364 Sibling sibling NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 365 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 366 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 367 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 368 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 369 Child child NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 370 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 371 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 372 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 373 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 374 Stepfamily Stepfamily NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 375 Stepfather Stepfather NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 376 Stepmother Stepmother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 377 Stepchild Stepchild NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 378 Stepsibling Stepsibling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 379 Kinship Kinship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 380 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 381 Kinship Kinship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 382 Australian Australian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 383 Aboriginal Aboriginal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 384 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 385 Adoption Adoption NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 386 Affinity Affinity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 387 Consanguinity Consanguinity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 388 Disownment Disownment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 389 Divorce Divorce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 390 Estrangement Estrangement NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 391 Fictive Fictive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 392 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 393 Marriage Marriage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 394 Nurture Nurture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 395 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 396 Hawaiian hawaiian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 397 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 398 Sudanese sudanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 399 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 400 Eskimo Eskimo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 401 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 402 Iroquois Iroquois NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 403 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 404 Crow Crow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 405 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 406 Omaha Omaha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 407 kinship kinship NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 408 Genealogy genealogy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 409 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 410 lineage lineage VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 411 Bilateral bilateral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 412 descent descent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 413 Common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 414 ancestor ancestor NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 415 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 416 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 417 Heirloom Heirloom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 418 Heredity Heredity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 419 Inheritance Inheritance NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 420 Lineal Lineal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 421 descendant descendant NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 422 Matrilineality Matrilineality NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 423 Patrilineality Patrilineality NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 424 Progenitor Progenitor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 425 Clan Clan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 426 Royal Royal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 427 descent descent NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 428 Family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 429 trees tree NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 430 Pedigree pedigree JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 431 chart chart VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 432 Ahnentafel Ahnentafel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 433 Genealogical Genealogical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 434 numbering numbering NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 435 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 436 Seize Seize NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 437 quartiers quartier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 438 Quarters Quarters NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 439 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 440 nobility nobility NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 441 Relationships Relationships NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 442 Agape Agape NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 443 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 444 parental parental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 445 love love NN 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en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 490 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 491 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 492 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 493 Day Day NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 494 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 495 Day Day NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 496 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 497 Families Families NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 498 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 499 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 500 Week Week NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 501 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 502 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 503 Adoption Adoption NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 504 Day Day NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 505 Related Related NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 506 Wedding wedding NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 507 anniversary anniversary NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 508 Sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 509 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 510 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 511 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 512 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 513 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 514 Motherhood Motherhood NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 515 Incest Incest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 516 Dysfunctional Dysfunctional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 517 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 518 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 519 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 520 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 521 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filial_piety&oldid=993524614 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filial_piety&oldid=993524614 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 522 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 523 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 524 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 525 Filial filial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 526 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 527 Family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 528 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 529 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 530 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 531 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 532 sciences sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 533 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 534 Confucian confucian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 535 thought think VBD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 536 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 537 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 538 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 539 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 540 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 541 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 542 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 543 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 544 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 545 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 546 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 547 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 548 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 549 Articles Articles NNP 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HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 571 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 572 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 573 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 574 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 575 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 576 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 577 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 578 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 579 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 580 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 581 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 582 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 583 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 584 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 585 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 586 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 587 simplified simplify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 588 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 589 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 590 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 591 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 592 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 593 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 594 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 595 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 596 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 597 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 598 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 599 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 600 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 601 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 602 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 603 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 604 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 605 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 606 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 607 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 608 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 609 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 610 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 611 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 612 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 613 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 614 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 615 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 616 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 617 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 618 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 619 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 620 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 621 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 622 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 623 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 624 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 625 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 626 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 627 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 628 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 629 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 630 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 631 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 632 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 633 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 634 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 635 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 636 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 637 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 638 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 639 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 640 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 641 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 642 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 643 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 644 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 645 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 646 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 647 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 648 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 649 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 650 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 651 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 652 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 653 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 654 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 655 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 656 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 657 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 658 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 659 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 660 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 661 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 662 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 663 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 664 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 665 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 666 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 667 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 668 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 669 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 670 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 671 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 672 Wikiquote Wikiquote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 673 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 674 العربية العربية NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 675 Bân Bân NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-5485 460 720 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-5485 461 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 462 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 9 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 10 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 12 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 463 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5485 464 13 statement statement NN