id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	2	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	3	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	4	Wikipedia	wikipedia	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	6	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	7	From	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	8	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	11	free	free	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	12	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	13	Jump	Jump	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	14	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	15	navigation	navigation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	16	Jump	Jump	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	17	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	18	search	search	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	19	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	20	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	21	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	22	about	about	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	24	entire	entire	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	25	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	26	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	27	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	28	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	29	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	30	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	1	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	2	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	6	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	7	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	9	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	10	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	2	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	3	administrative	administrative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	4	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	6	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	7	during	during	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	9	Ming	Ming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	11	Qing	Qing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	12	dynasties	dynasty	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	14	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	15	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	16	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	17	late	late	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	18	imperial	imperial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	19	lingua	lingua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	20	franca	franca	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	21	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	3	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	1	Major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	2	branch	branch	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	4	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	5	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	6	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	7	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	9	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	11	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	12	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	14	官话	官话	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	15	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	16	官話	官話	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	17	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	18	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	19	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	20	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	21	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	23	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	24	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	25	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	26	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	27	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	28	simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	29	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	30	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	31	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	32	left	left	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	33	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	34	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	35	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	36	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	37	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	38	right	right	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	39	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	40	Region	region	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	41	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	42	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	43	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	44	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	45	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	46	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	47	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	48	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	49	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	50	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	51	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	52	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	53	Native	Native	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	54	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	55	920	920	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	56	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	57	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	58	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	59	2017)[1	2017)[1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	60	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	61	L2	l2	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	62	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	63	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	64	200	200	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	65	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	66	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	67	no	no	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	68	date)[1	date)[1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	69	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	70	Language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	71	family	family	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	72	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	73	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	74	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	75	Sinitic	Sinitic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	76	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	77	Early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	78	forms	form	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	79	Old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	80	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	81	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	82	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	83	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	84	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	85	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	86	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	87	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	88	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	89	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	90	Putonghua	Putonghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	91	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	92	Guoyu	Guoyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	93	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	94	Dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	95	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	96	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	97	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	98	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	99	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	100	Jiao	Jiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	101	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	102	Liao	Liao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	103	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	104	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	105	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	106	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	107	Lan	Lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	108	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	109	Yin	Yin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	110	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	111	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	112	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	113	sometimes	sometimes	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	114	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	115	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	116	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	117	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	118	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	119	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	120	disputed	dispute	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	121	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	122	Writing	write	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	123	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	124	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	125	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	126	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	127	Simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	128	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	129	Traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	130	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	131	Latin	Latin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	132	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	133	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	134	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	135	Zhuyin	Zhuyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	136	Arabic	Arabic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	137	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	138	Xiao'erjing	Xiao'erjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	139	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	140	Cyrillic	Cyrillic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	141	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	142	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	143	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	144	Mainland	mainland	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	145	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	146	Braille	braille	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	147	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	148	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	149	Two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	150	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	151	Cell	cell	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	152	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	153	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	154	Signed	sign	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	155	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	156	Wenfa	Wenfa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	157	Shouyu[2	Shouyu[2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	158	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	159	Language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	160	codes	code	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	161	ISO	ISO	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	162	639	639	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	163	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	164	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	165	cmn	cmn	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	166	Glottolog	Glottolog	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	167	mand1415[3	mand1415[3	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	168	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	169	Linguasphere	Linguasphere	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	170	79-AAA	79-aaa	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	171	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	172	b	b	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	173	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	174	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	175	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	176	mainland	mainland	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	177	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	178	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	179	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	180	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	181	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	182	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	183	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	184	sometimes	sometimes	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	185	treated	treat	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	186	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	187	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	188	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	189	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	190	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	191	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	192	light	light	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	193	green	green	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	194	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	195	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	196	contains	contain	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	197	IPA	ipa	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	198	phonetic	phonetic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	199	symbols	symbol	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	4	200	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	1	Without	without	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	2	proper	proper	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	3	rendering	rendering	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	4	support	support	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	6	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	7	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	8	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	9	question	question	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	10	marks	mark	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	12	boxes	box	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	14	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	15	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	16	symbols	symbol	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	17	instead	instead	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	19	Unicode	Unicode	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	20	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	5	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	2	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	3	introductory	introductory	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	4	guide	guide	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	5	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	6	IPA	ipa	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	7	symbols	symbol	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	9	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	10	Help	help	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	11	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	12	IPA	IPA	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	6	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	2	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	3	Simplified	simplify	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	4	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	5	官话	官话	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	6	Traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	7	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	8	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	9	官話	官話	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	10	Literal	literal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	11	meaning	meaning	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	12	Officials	Officials	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	13	'	'	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	14	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	15	Transcriptions	Transcriptions	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	16	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	17	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	18	Hanyu	Hanyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	19	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	20	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	21	Wade	Wade	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	22	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	23	Giles	Giles	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	24	Kuan1-hua4	Kuan1-hua4	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	25	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	26	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	27	Simplified	simplify	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	28	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	29	北方话	北方话	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	30	Traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	31	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	32	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	33	北方話	北方話	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	34	Literal	literal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	35	meaning	mean	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	36	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	37	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	38	Transcriptions	Transcriptions	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	39	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	40	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	41	Hanyu	Hanyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	42	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	43	Běifānghuà	Běifānghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	44	Wade	Wade	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	45	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	46	Giles	Giles	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	47	Pei3-fang1-hua4	pei3-fang1-hua4	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	48	Play	play	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	49	media	medium	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	50	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	51	speaker	speaker	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	52	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	53	Tanghe	Tanghe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	54	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	55	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	56	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	57	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	58	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	59	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	60	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	61	/ˈmændərɪn/	/ˈmændərɪn/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	62	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	63	listen	listen	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	64	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	65	;	;	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	66	simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	67	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	68	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	69	官话	官话	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	70	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	71	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	72	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	73	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	74	官話	官話	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	75	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	76	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	77	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	78	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	79	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	80	lit	lit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	7	81	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	1	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	2	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	4	officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	5	'	'	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	7	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	8	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	9	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	11	Sinitic	sinitic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	12	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	13	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	14	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	15	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	16	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	17	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	18	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	20	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	22	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	23	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	8	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	2	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	3	includes	include	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	5	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	6	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	9	basis	basis	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	12	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	14	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	15	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	9	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	1	Because	because	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	3	originated	originate	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	4	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	5	North	North	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	6	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	8	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	10	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	12	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	13	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	14	found	find	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	17	north	north	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	20	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	21	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	22	sometimes	sometimes	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	23	referred	refer	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	24	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	25	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	26	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	27	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	28	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	29	北方话	北方话	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	31	běifānghuà	běifānghuà	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	33	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	34	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	35	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	36	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	37	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	10	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	1	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	2	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	4	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	6	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	7	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	8	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	11	Southwest	Southwest	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	12	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	13	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	14	Sichuanese	Sichuanese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	18	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	19	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	20	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	21	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	23	old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	24	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	25	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	26	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	28	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	29	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	30	mutually	mutually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	31	intelligible	intelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	32	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	33	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	34	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	35	partially	partially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	36	intelligible	intelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	37	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	38	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	39	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	40	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	11	41	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	1	Nevertheless	nevertheless	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	4	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	5	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	6	placed	place	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	7	first	first	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	9	lists	list	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	11	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	12	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	13	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	15	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	16	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	18	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	19	nearly	nearly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	20	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	21	billion	billion	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	12	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	3	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	4	far	far	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	6	largest	large	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	9	seven	seven	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	10	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	11	ten	ten	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	12	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	13	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	14	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	16	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	17	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	18	70	70	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	19	percent	percent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	20	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	21	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	22	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	23	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	24	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	25	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	26	large	large	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	27	geographical	geographical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	28	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	30	stretching	stretch	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	31	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	32	Yunnan	Yunnan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	33	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	35	southwest	southwest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	36	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	37	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	38	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	40	northwest	northwest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	41	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	42	Heilongjiang	Heilongjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	43	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	44	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	45	northeast	northeast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	13	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	3	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	4	attributed	attribute	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	5	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	7	greater	great	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	8	ease	ease	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	10	travel	travel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	12	communication	communication	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	15	North	North	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	16	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	17	Plain	Plain	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	18	compared	compare	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	19	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	21	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	22	mountainous	mountainous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	23	south	south	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	25	combined	combine	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	26	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	27	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	28	relatively	relatively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	29	recent	recent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	30	spread	spread	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	31	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	32	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	33	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	34	frontier	frontier	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	35	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	14	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	1	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	4	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	5	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	6	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	15	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	2	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	3	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	5	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	6	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	7	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	8	disappeared	disappear	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	10	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	12	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	13	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	15	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	16	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	17	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	18	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	19	them	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	20	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	21	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	22	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	23	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	24	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	16	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	1	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	5	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	7	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	8	dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	10	retain	retain	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	11	retroflex	retroflex	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	12	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	13	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	15	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	16	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	17	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	18	lost	lose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	20	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	21	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	23	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	17	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	2	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	3	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	4	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	5	within	within	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	7	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	8	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	9	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	10	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	13	last	last	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	14	millennium	millennium	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	16	making	make	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	17	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	19	very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	20	influential	influential	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	18	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	1	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	2	form	form	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	4	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	5	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	6	served	serve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	7	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	8	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	9	national	national	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	10	lingua	lingua	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	11	franca	franca	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	12	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	14	14th	14th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	15	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	19	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	3	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	4	20th	20th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	5	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	7	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	8	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	9	form	form	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	10	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	11	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	13	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	14	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	16	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	17	elements	element	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	18	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	19	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	20	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	21	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	23	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	24	adopted	adopt	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	25	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	27	national	national	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	28	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	20	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	1	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	2	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	3	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	5	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	6	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	9	People	People	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	10	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	11	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	13	China[4	China[4	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	14	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	16	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	18	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	20	China)[5	China)[5	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	21	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	23	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	24	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	26	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	27	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	28	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	30	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	21	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	2	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	3	rebel	rebel	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	4	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	5	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	6	controlled	control	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	8	multiethnic	multiethnic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	9	regions	region	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	11	Myanmar	Myanmar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	14	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	15	either	either	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	16	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	17	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	18	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	19	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	20	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	21	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	23	Wa	Wa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	24	State[6	state[6	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	25	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	26	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	27	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	29	lingua	lingua	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	30	franca	franca	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	31	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	32	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	33	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	34	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	35	Shan	Shan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	36	State	State	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	37	Special	Special	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	38	region	region	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	39	4[7	4[7	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	40	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	41	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	22	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	3	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	4	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	5	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	8	working	working	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	9	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	12	United	United	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	13	Nations	Nations	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	23	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	2	8	8	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	4	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	5	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	6	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	7	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	10	most	most	RBS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	11	frequently	frequently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	12	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	13	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	15	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	16	among	among	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	17	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	18	diaspora	diaspora	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	19	communities	community	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	20	internationally	internationally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	23	most	most	RBS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	24	commonly	commonly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	25	taught	teach	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	26	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	27	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	24	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	1	Contents	content	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	2	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	3	Name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	4	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	5	History	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	6	2.1	2.1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	7	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	9	2.2	2.2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	10	Vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	11	literature	literature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	12	2.3	2.3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	13	Koiné	Koiné	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	16	Late	Late	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	17	Empire	Empire	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	18	2.4	2.4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	19	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	20	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	21	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	22	Geographic	Geographic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	23	distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	24	3.1	3.1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	25	Subgrouping	subgrouping	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	26	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	27	Phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	28	4.1	4.1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	29	Initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	30	4.2	4.2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	31	Finals	Finals	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	32	4.3	4.3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	33	Tones	Tones	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	34	5	5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	35	Vocabulary	Vocabulary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	36	6	6	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	37	Grammar	Grammar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	38	7	7	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	39	See	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	40	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	41	8	8	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	42	Notes	note	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	43	9	9	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	44	References	reference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	45	10	10	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	46	Further	further	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	47	reading	read	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	48	10.1	10.1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	49	Historical	historical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	50	Western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	51	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	52	texts	text	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	53	11	11	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	54	External	external	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	55	links	link	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	56	Name[edit	name[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	57	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	58	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	59	English	english	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	60	word	word	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	61	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	62	mandarin	mandarin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	63	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	64	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	65	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	66	Portuguese	portuguese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	67	mandarim	mandarim	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	68	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	69	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	70	Malay	malay	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	71	menteri	menteri	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	72	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	73	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	74	Sanskrit	Sanskrit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	75	mantrī	mantrī	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	76	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	77	mantrin	mantrin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	78	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	79	meaning	mean	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	80	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	81	minister	minister	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	82	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	83	counsellor	counsellor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	84	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	85	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	86	originally	originally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	87	meant	mean	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	88	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	89	official	official	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	90	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	91	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	92	Ming	Ming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	93	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	94	Qing	Qing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	95	empires	empire	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	25	96	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	2	9][10][a	9][10][a	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	4	Since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	5	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	6	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	7	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	8	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	9	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	10	mutually	mutually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	11	unintelligible	unintelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	13	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	14	officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	15	communicated	communicate	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	16	using	use	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	18	Koiné	Koiné	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	19	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	20	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	21	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	22	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	23	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	24	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	26	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	1	When	when	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	2	Jesuit	Jesuit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	3	missionaries	missionary	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	4	learned	learn	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	5	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	6	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	7	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	10	16th	16th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	11	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	13	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	14	called	call	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	16	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	17	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	18	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	20	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	21	its	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	22	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	23	name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	24	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	25	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	26	官话	官话	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	27	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	28	官話	官話	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	29	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	30	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	31	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	32	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	33	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	35	officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	36	'	'	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	27	37	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	2	12	12	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	4	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	5	everyday	everyday	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	6	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	8	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	11	refers	refer	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	12	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	13	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	14	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	16	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	17	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	18	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	19	called	call	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	20	simply	simply	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	21	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	22	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	23	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	28	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	1	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	2	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	3	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	4	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	5	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	7	particular	particular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	9	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	10	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	12	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	14	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	15	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	16	lexical	lexical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	18	syntactic	syntactic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	19	influence	influence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	20	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	21	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	22	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	23	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	29	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	4	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	5	spoken	spoken	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	6	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	9	People	People	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	10	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	11	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	13	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	15	PRC	PRC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	16	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	19	de	de	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	20	facto	facto	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	21	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	22	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	25	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	26	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	27	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	28	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	29	ROC	ROC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	31	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	32	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	33	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	34	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	35	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	36	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	37	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	38	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	39	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	40	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	41	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	30	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	2	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	3	functions	function	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	4	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	6	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	8	instruction	instruction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	10	Mainland	Mainland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	11	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	14	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	31	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	3	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	6	six	six	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	7	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	8	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	11	United	United	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	12	Nations	Nations	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	14	under	under	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	16	name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	17	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	18	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	19	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	32	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	1	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	2	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	3	refer	refer	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	4	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	6	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	7	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	8	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	9	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	10	Pǔtōnghuà	Pǔtōnghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	12	普通话	普通话	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	13	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	14	普通話	普通話	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	16	literally	literally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	17	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	18	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	19	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	20	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	21	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	23	Mainland	Mainland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	24	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	26	Guóyǔ	Guóyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	27	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	28	国语	国语	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	29	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	30	國語	國語	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	32	literally	literally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	33	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	34	national	national	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	35	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	36	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	37	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	38	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	39	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	40	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	41	Huáyǔ	Huáyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	42	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	43	华语	华语	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	44	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	45	華語	華語	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	46	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	47	literally	literally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	48	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	49	Hua	Hua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	50	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	51	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	52	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	53	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	54	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	55	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	56	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	57	southeast	southeast	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	58	Asia	Asia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	59	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	60	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	61	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	62	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	63	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	33	64	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	2	13	13	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	4	Linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	5	use	use	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	7	term	term	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	8	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	11	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	12	refer	refer	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	13	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	15	diverse	diverse	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	16	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	19	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	21	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	23	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	24	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	26	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	27	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	28	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	29	call	call	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	30	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	34	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	2	alternative	alternative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	3	term	term	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	4	Běifānghuà	Běifānghuà	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	6	北方话	北方话	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	7	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	8	北方話	北方話	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	10	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	12	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	13	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	14	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	16	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	17	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	18	less	less	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	20	less	less	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	21	among	among	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	22	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	23	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	35	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	1	By	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	2	extension	extension	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	5	term	term	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	6	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	7	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	9	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	10	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	12	Early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	14	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	15	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	16	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	17	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	18	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	19	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	20	refer	refer	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	21	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	23	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	24	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	25	recorded	record	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	26	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	27	materials	material	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	28	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	30	Yuan	Yuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	31	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	36	32	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	1	Native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	2	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	3	who	who	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	4	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	5	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	6	academic	academic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	7	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	8	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	9	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	10	recognize	recognize	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	11	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	13	variants	variant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	14	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	15	speak	speak	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	16	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	17	classified	classify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	19	linguistics	linguistic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	20	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	21	members	member	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	23	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	24	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	25	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	26	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	27	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	28	so	so	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	29	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	30	called	call	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	31	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	32	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	33	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	34	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	35	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	36	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	37	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	38	broader	broad	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	39	sense	sense	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	37	40	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	1	Within	within	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	2	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	3	social	social	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	4	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	5	cultural	cultural	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	6	discourse	discourse	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	8	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	9	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	10	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	11	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	12	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	13	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	16	identity	identity	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	17	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	18	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	19	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	20	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	21	rather	rather	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	23	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	24	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	25	strong	strong	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	26	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	27	identities	identity	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	28	centred	centre	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	29	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	30	individual	individual	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	31	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	32	because	because	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	33	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	35	wide	wide	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	36	geographical	geographical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	37	distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	38	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	39	cultural	cultural	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	40	diversity	diversity	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	41	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	42	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	43	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	38	44	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	1	Speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	3	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	6	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	7	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	9	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	10	typically	typically	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	11	refer	refer	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	12	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	14	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	15	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	16	speak	speak	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	17	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	18	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	19	geographic	geographic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	20	name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	21	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	22	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	23	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	24	Sichuan	Sichuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	25	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	27	Hebei	Hebei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	28	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	29	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	30	Northeastern	northeastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	31	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	33	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	34	being	be	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	35	regarded	regard	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	36	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	37	distinct	distinct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	38	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	40	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	41	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	39	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	1	History[edit	history[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	3	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	4	hundreds	hundred	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	6	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	7	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	8	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	10	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	11	developed	develop	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	12	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	13	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	14	variants	variant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	16	Old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	17	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	19	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	20	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	40	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	1	Traditionally	traditionally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	3	seven	seven	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	4	major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	5	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	7	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	8	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	9	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	10	recognized	recognize	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	41	11	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	1	Aside	aside	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	2	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	6	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	7	six	six	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	8	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	9	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	11	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	13	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	15	central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	16	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	18	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	20	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	22	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	23	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	25	southeast	southeast	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	26	coast	coast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	42	27	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	2	14	14	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	5	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	6	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	8	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	10	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	12	distinguishes	distinguish	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	13	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	14	further	further	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	15	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	16	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	17	Jin	jin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	19	split	split	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	20	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	21	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	24	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	25	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	27	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	28	region	region	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	30	Anhui	Anhui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	31	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	32	Zhejiang	Zhejiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	33	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	34	Pinghua	Pinghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	35	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	36	Guangxi	Guangxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	37	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	38	Yunnan	Yunnan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	43	39	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	2	15][16	15][16	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	4	Old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	5	Mandarin[edit	mandarin[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	6	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	7	Main	main	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	8	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	9	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	10	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	11	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	12	A	A	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	13	page	page	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	16	Menggu	Menggu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	17	Ziyun	Ziyun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	19	covering	cover	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	21	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	22	tsim	tsim	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	23	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	24	lim	lim	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	25	After	after	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	27	fall	fall	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	30	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	31	Song	Song	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	32	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	33	959–1126	959–1126	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	34	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	35	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	36	during	during	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	37	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	38	reign	reign	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	39	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	40	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	41	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	42	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	43	1115–1234	1115–1234	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	44	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	45	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	46	Yuan	Yuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	47	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	48	Mongol	Mongol	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	49	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	50	dynasties	dynasty	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	51	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	52	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	53	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	54	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	55	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	56	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	57	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	58	developed	develop	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	59	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	60	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	61	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	62	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	63	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	64	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	65	North	North	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	66	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	67	Plain	Plain	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	68	around	around	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	69	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	70	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	71	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	72	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	73	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	74	referred	refer	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	75	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	76	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	77	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	78	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	44	79	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	1	New	new	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	2	genres	genre	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	4	vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	5	literature	literature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	6	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	7	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	8	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	9	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	10	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	12	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	13	verse	verse	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	15	drama	drama	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	17	story	story	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	18	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	20	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	21	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	23	qu	qu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	24	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	25	sanqu	sanqu	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	26	poetry	poetry	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	45	27	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	2	17	17	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	5	rhyming	rhyme	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	6	conventions	convention	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	9	new	new	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	10	verse	verse	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	11	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	12	codified	codify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	14	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	15	rime	rime	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	16	dictionary	dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	17	called	call	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	19	Zhongyuan	Zhongyuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	20	Yinyun	Yinyun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	21	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	22	1324	1324	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	23	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	46	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	1	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	2	radical	radical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	3	departure	departure	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	4	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	6	rime	rime	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	7	table	table	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	8	tradition	tradition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	9	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	10	had	have	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	11	evolved	evolve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	12	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	14	previous	previous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	15	centuries	century	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	17	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	18	dictionary	dictionary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	19	contains	contain	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	20	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	21	wealth	wealth	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	23	information	information	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	24	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	26	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	28	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	29	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	47	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	1	Further	further	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	2	sources	source	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	3	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	5	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	6	Phags	Phags	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	7	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	8	pa	pa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	9	script	script	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	10	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	11	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	13	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	14	alphabet	alphabet	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	16	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	17	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	18	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	19	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	20	write	write	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	21	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	24	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	25	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	27	Mongol	Mongol	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	28	empire	empire	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	30	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	31	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	32	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	33	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	34	Menggu	Menggu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	35	Ziyun	Ziyun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	36	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	37	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	38	rime	rime	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	39	dictionary	dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	40	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	41	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	42	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	43	Phags	Phags	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	44	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	45	pa	pa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	48	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	2	rime	rime	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	3	books	book	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	4	differ	differ	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	6	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	7	details	detail	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	9	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	10	overall	overall	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	11	show	show	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	12	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	15	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	16	characteristic	characteristic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	18	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	19	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	20	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	22	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	23	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	25	reduction	reduction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	26	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	27	disappearance	disappearance	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	29	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	30	plosives	plosive	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	31	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	32	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	33	reorganization	reorganization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	34	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	35	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	36	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	37	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	38	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	49	39	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	2	18	18	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	4	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	5	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	6	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	8	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	9	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	11	affricates	affricate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	12	showed	show	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	13	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	14	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	15	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	16	way	way	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	17	contrast	contrast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	18	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	19	tenuis	tenuis	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	21	voiceless	voiceless	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	22	aspirated	aspirated	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	23	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	24	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	25	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	50	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	1	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	2	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	3	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	4	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	6	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	8	fourth	fourth	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	9	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	10	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	11	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	12	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	13	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	15	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	16	checked	check	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	17	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	18	comprising	comprise	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	19	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	20	ending	end	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	21	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	22	plosives	plosive	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	23	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	24	-p	-p	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	26	-t	-t	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	27	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	28	-k	-k	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	29	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	51	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	1	Syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	2	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	3	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	4	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	5	tended	tend	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	6	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	7	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	8	pronounced	pronounce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	9	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	10	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	11	lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	12	pitch	pitch	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	13	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	14	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	16	late	late	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	17	Tang	Tang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	18	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	20	each	each	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	23	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	24	had	have	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	25	split	split	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	26	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	27	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	28	registers	register	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	29	conditioned	condition	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	30	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	31	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	32	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	52	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	1	When	when	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	2	voicing	voicing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	3	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	4	lost	lose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	6	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	7	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	8	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	10	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	11	subfamily	subfamily	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	13	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	14	distinction	distinction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	15	became	become	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	16	phonemic	phonemic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	19	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	20	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	21	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	23	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	24	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	25	rearranged	rearrange	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	26	differently	differently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	27	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	28	each	each	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	31	major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	32	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	53	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	2	19	19	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	5	Zhongyuan	Zhongyuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	6	Yinyun	Yinyun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	7	shows	show	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	9	typical	typical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	11	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	12	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	13	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	14	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	15	resulting	result	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	16	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	18	split	split	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	21	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	22	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	23	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	24	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	25	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	26	loss	loss	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	29	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	30	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	32	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	33	its	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	34	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	35	distributed	distribute	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	36	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	37	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	38	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	39	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	40	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	41	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	42	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	43	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	44	origin	origin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	45	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	46	marked	mark	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	47	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	48	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	49	dictionary	dictionary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	50	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	54	51	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	1	Similarly	similarly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	3	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	4	plosives	plosive	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	6	affricates	affricate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	7	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	8	become	become	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	9	voiceless	voiceless	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	10	aspirates	aspirate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	13	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	14	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	16	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	18	voiceless	voiceless	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	19	non	non	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	20	-	-	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	21	aspirates	aspirate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	23	others	other	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	25	another	another	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	26	distinctive	distinctive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	27	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	28	development	development	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	55	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	1	However	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	4	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	5	still	still	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	6	retained	retain	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	7	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	8	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	9	-m	-m	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	11	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	12	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	13	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	14	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	15	-n	-n	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	17	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	20	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	21	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	22	fricatives	fricative	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	56	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	2	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	3	retained	retain	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	5	distinction	distinction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	6	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	7	velars	velar	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	9	alveolar	alveolar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	10	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	12	palatal	palatal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	13	environments	environment	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	15	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	16	later	later	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	17	merged	merge	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	19	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	20	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	21	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	22	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	23	yield	yield	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	24	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	25	palatal	palatal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	26	series	series	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	27	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	28	rendered	render	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	29	j-	j-	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	31	q-	q-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	32	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	33	x-	x-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	34	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	35	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	36	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	57	37	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	2	20	20	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	5	flourishing	flourish	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	6	vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	7	literature	literature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	10	period	period	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	11	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	12	shows	show	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	13	distinctively	distinctively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	15	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	17	syntax	syntax	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	19	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	20	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	22	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	23	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	25	third	third	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	26	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	27	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	28	pronoun	pronoun	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	29	tā	tā	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	31	他	他	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	32	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	33	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	34	can	can	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	35	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	36	traced	trace	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	37	back	back	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	38	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	40	Tang	Tang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	41	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	58	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	2	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	4	Vernacular	Vernacular	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	5	literature[edit	literature[edit	ADD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	6	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	7	Until	until	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	9	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	10	20th	20th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	11	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	13	formal	formal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	14	writing	writing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	16	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	17	much	much	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	18	poetry	poetry	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	20	fiction	fiction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	21	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	22	done	do	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	24	Literary	Literary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	25	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	27	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	28	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	29	modeled	model	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	30	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	31	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	32	classics	classic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	33	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	35	Warring	Warring	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	36	States	States	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	37	period	period	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	38	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	40	Han	Han	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	41	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	59	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	1	Over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	2	time	time	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	5	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	6	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	7	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	8	diverged	diverge	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	9	greatly	greatly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	10	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	11	Literary	Literary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	12	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	14	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	15	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	16	learned	learn	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	18	composed	compose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	19	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	20	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	21	special	special	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	22	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	60	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	1	Preserved	preserve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	2	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	4	sound	sound	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	5	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	6	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	7	affected	affect	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	9	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	10	spoken	spoken	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	11	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	13	its	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	14	economy	economy	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	16	expression	expression	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	17	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	18	greatly	greatly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	19	valued	value	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	61	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	4	翼	翼	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	6	yì	yì	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	8	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	9	wing	wing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	13	unambiguous	unambiguous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	15	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	16	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	18	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	19	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	20	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	21	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	22	homophones	homophone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	24	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	25	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	62	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	2	literary	literary	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	3	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	4	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	5	less	less	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	6	appropriate	appropriate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	7	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	8	recording	record	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	9	materials	material	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	10	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	11	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	12	meant	mean	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	13	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	14	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	15	reproduced	reproduce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	17	oral	oral	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	18	presentations	presentation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	20	materials	material	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	21	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	22	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	23	plays	play	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	24	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	25	grist	grist	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	26	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	27	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	28	professional	professional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	29	story	story	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	30	-	-	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	31	teller	teller	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	32	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	33	mill	mill	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	63	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	1	From	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	2	at	at	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	3	least	least	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	5	Yuan	Yuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	6	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	8	plays	play	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	9	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	10	recounted	recount	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	12	subversive	subversive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	13	tales	tale	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	15	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	16	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	17	Robin	Robin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	18	Hoods	Hoods	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	19	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	21	Ming	Ming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	22	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	23	novels	novel	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	24	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	25	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	26	Water	Water	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	27	Margin	Margin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	29	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	30	down	down	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	31	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	32	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	33	Qing	Qing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	34	dynasty	dynasty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	35	novel	novel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	36	Dream	Dream	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	37	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	38	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	39	Red	Red	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	40	Chamber	Chamber	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	41	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	42	beyond	beyond	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	43	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	44	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	45	developed	develop	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	46	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	47	literature	literature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	48	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	49	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	50	vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	51	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	52	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	53	白话	白话	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	54	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	55	白話	白話	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	56	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	57	báihuà	báihuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	58	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	64	59	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	2	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	3	cases	case	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	5	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	6	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	7	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	8	reflected	reflect	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	10	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	12	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	13	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	14	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	15	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	16	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	17	conveyed	convey	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	19	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	20	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	21	form	form	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	23	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	24	tradition	tradition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	25	had	have	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	26	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	27	unifying	unifying	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	28	force	force	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	29	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	30	all	all	PDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	31	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	32	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	33	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	34	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	35	regions	region	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	36	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	37	beyond	beyond	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	65	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	2	22	22	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	4	Hu	Hu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	5	Shih	Shih	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	7	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	8	pivotal	pivotal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	9	figure	figure	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	12	first	first	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	13	half	half	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	16	twentieth	twentieth	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	17	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	19	wrote	write	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	20	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	21	influential	influential	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	23	perceptive	perceptive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	24	study	study	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	25	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	26	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	27	literary	literary	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	28	tradition	tradition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	30	entitled	entitle	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	31	Báihuà	Báihuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	32	Wénxuéshǐ	Wénxuéshǐ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	33	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	34	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	35	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	36	History	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	37	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	38	Vernacular	Vernacular	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	39	Literature	Literature	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	40	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	41	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	66	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	1	Koiné	Koiné	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	4	Late	late	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	5	Empire[edit	empire[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	6	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	7	Main	main	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	8	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	9	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	12	late	late	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	13	imperial	imperial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	14	lingua	lingua	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	15	franca	franca	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	16	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	17	Zhongguo	Zhongguo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	18	Guanhua	Guanhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	19	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	20	中國官話	中國官話	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	21	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	23	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	24	Medii	Medii	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	25	Regni	Regni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	26	Communis	Communis	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	27	Loquela	Loquela	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	28	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	29	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	30	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	31	Kingdom	Kingdom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	32	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	33	Common	Common	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	34	Speech	Speech	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	35	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	36	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	37	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	38	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	39	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	40	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	41	frontispiece	frontispiece	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	42	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	43	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	44	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	45	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	46	grammar	grammar	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	47	published	publish	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	48	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	49	Étienne	Étienne	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	50	Fourmont	Fourmont	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	51	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	52	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	53	Arcadio	Arcadio	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	54	Huang	Huang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	55	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	56	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	57	1742[23	1742[23	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	58	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	59	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	60	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	61	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	62	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	63	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	64	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	65	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	66	provinces	province	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	67	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	68	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	69	such	such	PDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	70	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	71	extent	extent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	72	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	73	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	74	can	can	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	75	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	76	understand	understand	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	77	each	each	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	78	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	79	....	....	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	80	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	81	They	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	82	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	83	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	84	have	have	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	85	another	another	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	86	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	87	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	88	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	89	like	like	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	90	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	91	universal	universal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	92	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	93	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	94	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	95	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	96	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	97	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	98	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	99	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	100	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	101	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	102	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	103	mandarins	mandarin	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	104	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	105	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	106	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	107	court	court	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	108	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	109	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	110	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	111	among	among	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	112	them	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	113	like	like	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	114	Latin	Latin	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	115	among	among	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	116	ourselves	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	117	....	....	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	118	Two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	119	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	120	our	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	121	fathers	father	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	122	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	123	Michele	Michele	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	124	Ruggieri	Ruggieri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	125	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	126	Matteo	Matteo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	127	Ricci	Ricci	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	128	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	129	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	130	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	131	learning	learn	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	132	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	133	mandarin	mandarin	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	134	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	135	...	...	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	136	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	137	 	 	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	138	Alessandro	Alessandro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	139	Valignano	Valignano	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	140	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	141	Historia	Historia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	142	del	del	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	143	principio	principio	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	144	y	y	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	145	progresso	progresso	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	146	de	de	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	147	la	la	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	148	Compañía	Compañía	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	149	de	de	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	150	Jesús	Jesús	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	151	en	en	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	152	las	las	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	153	Indias	Indias	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	154	Orientales	Orientales	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	155	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	156	I:28	i:28	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	157	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	158	1542–1564)[24	1542–1564)[24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	159	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	160	Until	until	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	161	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	162	mid-20th	mid-20th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	163	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	164	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	165	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	166	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	167	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	168	living	live	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	169	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	170	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	171	parts	part	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	172	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	173	South	South	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	174	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	175	spoke	speak	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	176	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	177	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	178	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	179	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	67	180	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	1	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	3	practical	practical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	4	measure	measure	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	6	officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	9	Ming	Ming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	11	Qing	Qing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	12	dynasties	dynasty	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	13	carried	carry	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	14	out	out	RP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	16	administration	administration	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	19	empire	empire	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	20	using	use	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	21	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	22	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	23	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	24	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	25	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	26	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	27	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	29	known	know	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	30	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	31	Guānhuà	Guānhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	68	32	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	1	Knowledge	knowledge	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	3	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	4	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	5	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	6	thus	thus	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	7	essential	essential	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	8	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	9	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	10	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	11	career	career	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	13	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	15	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	16	never	never	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	17	formally	formally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	18	defined	define	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	69	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	2	13	13	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	4	Officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	5	varied	vary	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	6	widely	widely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	7	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	8	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	9	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	10	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	12	1728	1728	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	15	Yongzheng	Yongzheng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	16	Emperor	Emperor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	18	unable	unable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	19	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	20	understand	understand	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	22	accents	accent	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	24	officials	official	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	25	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	26	Guangdong	Guangdong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	27	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	28	Fujian	Fujian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	30	issued	issue	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	31	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	32	decree	decree	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	33	requiring	require	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	35	governors	governor	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	36	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	37	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	38	provinces	province	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	39	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	40	provide	provide	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	41	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	42	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	43	teaching	teaching	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	44	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	45	proper	proper	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	46	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	70	47	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	1	Although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	3	resulting	result	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	4	Academies	Academies	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	5	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	6	Correct	Correct	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	7	Pronunciation	Pronunciation	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	8	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	9	正音書院	正音書院	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	10	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	11	Zhèngyīn	Zhèngyīn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	12	Shūyuàn	Shūyuàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	14	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	15	short	short	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	16	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	17	lived	live	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	20	decree	decree	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	21	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	22	spawn	spawn	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	23	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	24	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	25	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	26	textbooks	textbook	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	27	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	28	give	give	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	29	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	30	insight	insight	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	31	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	32	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	33	ideal	ideal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	34	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	71	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	1	Common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	2	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	3	included	include	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	4	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	5	loss	loss	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	8	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	9	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	10	voiced	voice	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	11	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	12	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	13	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	14	v-	v-	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	15	merger	merger	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	17	-m	-m	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	18	finals	final	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	19	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	20	-n	-n	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	22	characteristic	characteristic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	23	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	24	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	25	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	26	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	27	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	28	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	29	open	open	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	30	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	32	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	33	retaining	retain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	34	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	35	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	36	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	37	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	38	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	39	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	40	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	41	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	42	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	43	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	44	retention	retention	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	45	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	46	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	47	distinction	distinction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	48	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	49	palatalized	palatalized	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	50	velars	velar	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	51	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	52	dental	dental	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	53	affricates	affricate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	54	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	55	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	56	source	source	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	57	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	58	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	59	spellings	spelling	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	60	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	61	Peking	Peking	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	62	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	63	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	64	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	65	Tientsin	Tientsin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	66	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	67	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	68	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	69	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	70	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	71	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	72	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	73	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	74	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	75	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	72	76	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	2	25	25	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	4	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	6	last	last	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	7	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	9	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	10	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	11	indicate	indicate	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	13	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	14	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	15	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	16	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	17	koiné	koiné	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	18	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	19	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	20	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	21	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	24	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	25	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	27	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	28	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	29	identical	identical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	30	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	31	any	any	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	32	single	single	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	33	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	73	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	2	26	26	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	4	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	5	form	form	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	6	remained	remain	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	7	prestigious	prestigious	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	8	long	long	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	9	after	after	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	11	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	12	moved	move	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	13	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	14	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	16	1421	1421	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	18	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	20	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	23	new	new	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	24	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	25	emerged	emerge	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	26	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	27	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	28	rival	rival	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	29	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	74	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	1	As	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	2	late	late	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	3	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	4	1815	1815	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	6	Robert	Robert	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	7	Morrison	Morrison	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	8	based	base	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	10	first	first	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	11	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	12	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	13	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	14	dictionary	dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	15	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	16	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	17	koiné	koiné	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	18	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	20	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	23	time	time	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	25	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	26	he	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	27	conceded	concede	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	28	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	30	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	31	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	32	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	33	gaining	gain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	34	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	35	influence	influence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	75	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	2	27	27	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	4	By	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	6	middle	middle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	9	19th	19th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	10	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	13	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	14	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	15	had	have	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	16	become	become	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	17	dominant	dominant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	19	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	20	essential	essential	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	21	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	22	any	any	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	23	business	business	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	24	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	26	imperial	imperial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	27	court	court	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	76	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	2	28	28	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	4	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	5	Chinese[edit	chinese[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	6	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	7	Main	main	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	8	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	9	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	10	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	12	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	14	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	15	years	year	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	18	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	20	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	22	intellectuals	intellectual	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	25	New	New	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	26	Culture	Culture	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	27	Movement	Movement	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	29	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	30	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	31	Hu	Hu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	32	Shih	Shih	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	33	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	34	Chen	Chen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	35	Duxiu	Duxiu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	36	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	37	successfully	successfully	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	38	campaigned	campaign	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	39	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	40	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	41	replacement	replacement	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	42	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	43	Literary	Literary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	44	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	45	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	46	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	47	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	48	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	49	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	50	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	51	vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	52	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	53	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	54	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	55	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	56	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	57	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	58	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	59	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	77	60	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	1	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	2	parallel	parallel	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	3	priority	priority	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	4	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	6	definition	definition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	8	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	9	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	10	national	national	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	11	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	12	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	13	simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	14	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	15	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	16	国语	国语	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	17	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	18	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	19	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	20	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	21	國語	國語	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	22	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	23	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	24	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	25	Guóyǔ	Guóyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	26	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	27	Wade	Wade	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	28	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	29	Giles	Giles	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	30	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	31	Kuo²-yü³	Kuo²-yü³	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	32	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	78	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	1	After	after	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	2	much	much	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	3	dispute	dispute	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	4	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	5	proponents	proponent	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	7	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	9	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	10	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	12	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	13	abortive	abortive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	14	attempt	attempt	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	15	at	at	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	16	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	17	artificial	artificial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	18	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	21	National	National	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	22	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	23	Unification	Unification	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	24	Commission	Commission	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	25	finally	finally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	26	settled	settle	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	27	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	29	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	30	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	31	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	32	1932	1932	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	79	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	2	People	People	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	3	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	4	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	6	founded	found	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	7	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	8	1949	1949	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	10	retained	retain	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	11	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	12	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	14	calling	call	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	15	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	16	pǔtōnghuà	pǔtōnghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	18	simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	19	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	20	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	21	普通话	普通话	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	22	;	;	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	23	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	24	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	25	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	26	普通話	普通話	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	27	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	28	lit	lit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	80	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	1	'	'	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	2	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	3	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	4	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	81	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	2	29	29	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	4	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	5	54	54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	6	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	8	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	11	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	12	could	could	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	13	understand	understand	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	15	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	16	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	17	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	19	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	20	1950s	1950	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	22	rising	rise	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	23	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	24	91	91	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	25	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	26	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	27	1984	1984	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	82	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	1	Nationally	nationally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	4	proportion	proportion	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	5	understanding	understand	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	7	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	8	rose	rise	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	9	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	10	41	41	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	11	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	12	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	13	90	90	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	14	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	15	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	17	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	18	period	period	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	83	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	2	30	30	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	5	national	national	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	6	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	7	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	8	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	9	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	11	education	education	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	14	media	medium	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	16	formal	formal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	17	occasions	occasion	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	19	both	both	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	20	Mainland	Mainland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	21	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	23	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	24	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	25	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	26	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	27	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	28	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	29	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	30	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	84	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	2	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	3	can	can	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	4	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	5	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	6	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	7	intelligibly	intelligibly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	8	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	9	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	10	younger	young	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	11	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	13	Mainland	Mainland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	14	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	16	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	17	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	18	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	19	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	20	accents	accent	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	85	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	2	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	3	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	4	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	5	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	7	because	because	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	9	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	10	colonial	colonial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	12	linguistic	linguistic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	13	history	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	16	sole	sole	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	17	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	19	education	education	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	22	media	medium	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	24	formal	formal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	25	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	26	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	27	everyday	everyday	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	28	life	life	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	29	remains	remain	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	31	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	32	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	86	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	3	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	4	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	6	taught	teach	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	7	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	8	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	9	schools[31	schools[31	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	10	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	11	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	12	still	still	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	13	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	14	yet	yet	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	15	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	16	gain	gain	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	17	traction	traction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	18	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	20	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	21	population	population	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	87	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	3	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	4	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	5	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	6	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	7	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	8	Sichuan	Sichuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	9	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	10	Chongqing	Chongqing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	13	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	14	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	15	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	17	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	18	tongue	tongue	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	20	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	23	population	population	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	88	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	2	clarification	clarification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	3	needed	need	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	4	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	5	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	6	era	era	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	8	mass	mass	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	9	education	education	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	11	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	12	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	13	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	14	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	15	erased	erase	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	16	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	17	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	18	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	20	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	21	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	22	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	23	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	24	either	either	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	25	diglossic	diglossic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	26	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	27	speak	speak	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	29	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	30	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	31	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	32	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	33	notable	notable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	34	accent	accent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	89	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	1	From	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	2	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	3	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	4	point	point	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	6	view	view	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	9	mainland	mainland	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	10	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	13	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	14	governments	government	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	15	maintain	maintain	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	17	own	own	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	18	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	21	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	22	under	under	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	23	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	24	names	name	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	90	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	1	Technically	technically	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	3	both	both	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	4	Pǔtōnghuà	Pǔtōnghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	6	Guóyǔ	Guóyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	7	base	base	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	8	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	9	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	10	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	12	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	13	accent	accent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	15	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	16	Pǔtōnghuà	Pǔtōnghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	17	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	18	takes	take	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	19	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	20	elements	element	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	21	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	22	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	23	sources	source	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	91	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	1	Comparison	comparison	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	3	dictionaries	dictionary	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	4	produced	produce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	7	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	8	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	9	will	will	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	10	show	show	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	11	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	12	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	13	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	14	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	15	substantial	substantial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	16	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	92	17	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	1	However	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	3	both	both	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	4	versions	version	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	6	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	7	school	school	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	9	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	12	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	13	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	14	quite	quite	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	15	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	16	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	18	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	19	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	20	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	21	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	22	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	24	accordance	accordance	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	25	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	26	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	27	habits	habit	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	29	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	30	neither	neither	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	31	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	32	wholly	wholly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	33	identical	identical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	34	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	35	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	36	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	37	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	93	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	1	Pǔtōnghuà	Pǔtōnghuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	2	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	3	Guóyǔ	Guóyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	4	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	5	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	6	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	7	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	8	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	10	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	11	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	15	grammar	grammar	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	18	pragmatics	pragmatic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	94	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	2	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	3	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	5	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	6	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	7	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	8	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	9	essentially	essentially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	10	equivalent	equivalent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	12	although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	13	simplified	simplified	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	14	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	15	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	16	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	17	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	18	mainland	mainland	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	19	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	21	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	23	Malaysia	Malaysia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	25	while	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	26	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	27	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	28	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	29	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	31	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	32	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	33	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	34	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	35	use	use	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	36	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	37	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	95	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	1	Geographic	Geographic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	2	distribution[edit	distribution[edit	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	4	Distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	7	eight	eight	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	8	subgroups	subgroup	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	11	plus	plus	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	12	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	13	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	15	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	16	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	17	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	18	include	include	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	19	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	20	part	part	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	22	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	24	according	accord	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	25	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	27	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	28	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	30	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	31	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	32	1987)[32	1987)[32	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	33	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	34	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	35	Han	Han	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	36	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	37	living	live	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	38	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	39	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	40	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	41	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	42	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	43	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	44	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	45	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	46	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	47	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	48	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	49	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	50	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	96	51	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	2	North	North	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	3	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	4	Plain	Plain	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	5	provided	provide	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	6	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	7	barriers	barrier	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	8	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	9	migration	migration	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	11	leading	lead	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	12	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	13	relative	relative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	14	linguistic	linguistic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	15	homogeneity	homogeneity	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	16	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	18	wide	wide	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	19	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	21	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	22	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	97	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	2	contrast	contrast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	5	mountains	mountain	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	6	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	7	rivers	river	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	9	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	10	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	11	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	12	spawned	spawn	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	14	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	15	six	six	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	16	major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	17	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	19	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	20	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	22	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	23	great	great	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	24	internal	internal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	25	diversity	diversity	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	27	particularly	particularly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	28	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	29	Fujian	Fujian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	98	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	2	33][34	33][34	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	4	However	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	7	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	10	cover	cover	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	11	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	12	huge	huge	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	13	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	14	containing	contain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	15	nearly	nearly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	16	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	17	billion	billion	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	18	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	99	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	1	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	3	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	5	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	6	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	7	pronounced	pronounce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	8	regional	regional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	9	variations	variation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	11	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	13	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	16	grammar,[35	grammar,[35	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	17	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	19	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	20	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	21	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	22	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	23	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	24	mutually	mutually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	25	intelligible	intelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	100	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	2	b	b	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	4	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	6	northeastern	northeastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	7	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	9	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	10	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	11	Liaoning	Liaoning	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	13	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	14	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	15	receive	receive	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	16	significant	significant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	17	settlements	settlement	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	18	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	19	Han	Han	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	20	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	21	until	until	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	23	18th	18th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	24	century,[41	century,[41	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	25	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	26	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	27	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	28	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	29	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	31	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	32	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	33	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	34	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	35	there	there	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	36	differ	differ	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	37	little	little	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	38	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	40	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	41	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	101	42	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	2	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	5	Manchu	Manchu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	6	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	9	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	10	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	11	speak	speak	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	12	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	13	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	14	exclusively	exclusively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	15	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	16	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	17	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	18	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	19	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	20	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	21	maintained	maintain	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	23	northwestern	northwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	24	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	26	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	27	Xibe	Xibe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	29	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	30	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	31	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	33	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	34	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	102	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	2	43	43	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	5	frontier	frontier	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	6	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	8	Northwest	Northwest	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	9	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	10	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	11	colonized	colonize	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	12	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	13	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	15	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	16	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	17	at	at	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	19	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	20	time	time	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	24	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	25	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	26	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	27	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	28	similarly	similarly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	29	closely	closely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	30	resemble	resemble	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	31	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	32	relatives	relative	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	33	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	35	core	core	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	36	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	37	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	103	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	2	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	5	Southwest	southwest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	6	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	7	settled	settle	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	8	early	early	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	10	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	12	population	population	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	13	fell	fall	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	14	dramatically	dramatically	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	15	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	16	obscure	obscure	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	17	reasons	reason	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	20	13th	13th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	21	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	23	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	24	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	25	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	26	recover	recover	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	27	until	until	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	29	17th	17th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	30	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	104	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	2	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	5	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	6	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	7	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	8	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	9	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	10	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	11	relatively	relatively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	12	uniform	uniform	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	105	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	2	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	4	However	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	6	long	long	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	7	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	8	established	establish	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	9	cities	city	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	10	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	11	very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	12	close	close	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	13	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	14	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	16	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	17	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	18	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	20	Baoding	Baoding	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	22	Shenyang	Shenyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	24	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	25	Dalian	Dalian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	27	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	28	markedly	markedly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	29	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	30	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	106	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	1	Unlike	unlike	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	2	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	3	compatriots	compatriot	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	4	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	6	southeast	southeast	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	7	coast	coast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	9	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	11	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	12	engaged	engage	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	14	overseas	overseas	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	15	emigration	emigration	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	16	until	until	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	18	late	late	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	19	20th	20th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	20	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	22	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	23	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	24	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	25	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	26	significant	significant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	27	communities	community	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	29	them	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	30	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	31	cities	city	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	32	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	33	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	34	world	world	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	107	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	2	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	4	Subgrouping[edit	subgrouping[edit	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	5	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	6	See	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	7	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	8	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	9	List	list	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	11	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	13	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	14	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	15	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	17	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	19	evolved	evolve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	20	during	during	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	22	20th	20th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	23	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	25	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	26	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	27	points	point	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	28	remain	remain	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	29	unsettled	unsettled	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	108	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	1	Early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	2	classifications	classification	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	3	tended	tend	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	4	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	5	follow	follow	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	6	provincial	provincial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	7	boundaries	boundary	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	8	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	9	major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	10	geographical	geographical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	11	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	109	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	2	45	45	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	4	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	5	1936	1936	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	7	Wang	Wang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	8	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	9	produced	produce	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	11	first	first	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	12	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	13	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	14	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	15	phonetic	phonetic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	16	criteria	criterion	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	18	principally	principally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	20	evolution	evolution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	22	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	23	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	24	voiced	voice	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	25	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	110	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	1	His	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	3	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	4	included	include	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	5	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	7	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	9	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	10	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	12	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	13	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	14	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	15	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	17	Hunan	Hunan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	19	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	20	Jiangxi	Jiangxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	111	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	2	46	46	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	4	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	5	Fang	Fang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	7	Kuei	Kuei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	8	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	9	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	11	1937	1937	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	12	distinguished	distinguish	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	14	latter	latter	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	15	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	16	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	17	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	18	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	20	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	22	while	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	23	splitting	split	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	25	remaining	remain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	26	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	27	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	28	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	29	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	31	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	32	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	33	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	34	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	35	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	36	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	112	37	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	2	47	47	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	5	widely	widely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	6	accepted	accept	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	7	seven	seven	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	9	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	10	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	12	Yuan	Yuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	13	Jiahua	Jiahua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	15	1960	1960	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	16	kept	keep	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	17	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	19	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	20	separate	separate	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	22	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	23	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	24	divided	divide	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	25	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	26	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	28	Northwestern	Northwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	30	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	31	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	32	Jiang	Jiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	33	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	34	Huai	Huai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	35	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	36	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	37	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	38	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	39	subgroups	subgroup	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	113	40	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	2	48][49	48][49	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	4	Of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	5	Yuan	Yuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	6	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	7	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	9	subgroups	subgroup	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	12	Northwestern	northwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	13	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	14	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	16	most	most	RBS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	17	diverse	diverse	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	19	particularly	particularly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	22	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	24	Shanxi	Shanxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	114	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	2	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	5	linguist	linguist	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	6	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	7	Rong	Rong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	8	proposed	propose	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	9	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	11	northwestern	northwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	12	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	14	Shanxi	Shanxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	16	neighbouring	neighbouring	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	17	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	18	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	19	retain	retain	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	20	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	21	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	22	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	23	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	24	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	26	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	27	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	28	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	29	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	31	plosive	plosive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	33	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	34	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	35	category	category	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	36	should	should	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	37	constitute	constitute	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	38	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	39	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	40	top	top	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	41	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	42	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	43	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	44	called	call	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	45	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	115	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	2	50	50	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	4	He	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	5	used	use	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	6	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	7	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	10	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	11	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	13	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	15	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	16	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	116	17	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	2	15	15	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	4	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	5	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	6	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	7	continue	continue	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	8	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	9	include	include	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	10	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	11	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	15	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	17	pointing	point	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	18	out	out	RP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	19	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	21	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	22	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	23	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	24	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	25	retain	retain	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	27	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	28	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	117	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	2	51][52	51][52	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	5	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	6	boundary	boundary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	10	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	12	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	14	central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	15	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	17	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	19	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	20	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	22	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	23	weakly	weakly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	24	defined	define	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	25	due	due	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	26	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	27	centuries	century	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	29	diffusion	diffusion	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	30	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	31	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	32	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	118	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	1	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	2	border	border	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	4	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	5	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	6	mixture	mixture	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	8	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	9	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	10	make	make	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	11	them	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	12	difficult	difficult	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	13	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	14	classify	classify	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	119	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	2	boundary	boundary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	3	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	4	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	6	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	7	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	8	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	9	particularly	particularly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	10	weak,[53	weak,[53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	11	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	14	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	15	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	16	classifications	classification	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	18	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	19	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	20	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	21	separated	separate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	120	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	2	54	54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	4	Zhou	Zhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	5	Zhenhe	Zhenhe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	6	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	7	You	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	8	Rujie	Rujie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	9	include	include	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	11	New	New	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	12	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	13	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	14	within	within	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	15	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	16	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	18	treating	treat	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	19	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	21	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	22	conservative	conservative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	23	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	24	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	25	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	26	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	27	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	28	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	29	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	121	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	2	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	5	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	6	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	7	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	8	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	10	both	both	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	11	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	13	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	16	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	17	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	18	assigned	assign	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	19	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	20	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	21	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	22	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	24	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	25	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	26	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	27	treated	treat	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	28	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	29	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	30	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	31	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	32	authors	author	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	122	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	1	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	2	Rong	Rong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	3	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	5	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	6	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	8	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	9	treated	treat	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	10	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	11	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	12	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	13	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	14	top	top	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	15	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	16	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	17	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	19	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	20	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	21	remains	remain	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	22	controversial	controversial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	123	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	2	56][57	56][57	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	5	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	6	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	8	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	9	calls	call	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	11	remainder	remainder	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	14	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	15	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	16	supergroup	supergroup	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	17	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	19	divided	divide	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	20	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	21	eight	eight	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	22	dialect	dialect	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	23	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	24	distinguished	distinguish	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	25	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	26	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	27	treatment	treatment	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	30	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	31	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	32	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	33	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	34	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	35	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	36	Tones	Tones	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	37	below):[58][c	below):[58][c	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	38	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	39	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	40	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	41	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	42	98	98	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	43	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	44	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	45	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	46	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	47	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	48	Manchuria	Manchuria	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	49	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	50	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	51	Liaodong	Liaodong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	52	Peninsula	Peninsula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	124	53	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	2	60	60	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	4	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	5	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	6	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	7	closely	closely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	8	related	relate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	9	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	10	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	13	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	14	little	little	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	15	variation	variation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	17	lexicon	lexicon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	19	very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	20	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	21	tonal	tonal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	22	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	125	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	1	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	4	27	27	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	5	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	8	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	10	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	12	environs	environ	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	13	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	14	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	15	Chengde	Chengde	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	17	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	18	Hebei	Hebei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	20	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	21	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	22	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	23	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	24	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	25	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	26	recent	recent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	27	large	large	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	28	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	29	scale	scale	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	30	immigration	immigration	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	32	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	33	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	34	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	35	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	126	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	2	61	61	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	5	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	6	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	7	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	9	basis	basis	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	11	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	12	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	127	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	2	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	3	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	4	controversial	controversial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	6	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	7	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	8	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	10	researchers	researcher	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	11	view	view	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	12	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	13	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	14	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	15	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	16	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	18	single	single	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	19	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	20	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	128	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	2	62	62	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	4	Jilu	Jilu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	7	89	89	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	8	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	11	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	13	Hebei	Hebei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	15	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	16	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	17	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	18	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	20	Shandong	Shandong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	21	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	22	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	23	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	24	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	26	provinces	province	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	27	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	29	Shandong	Shandong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	30	Peninsula	Peninsula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	32	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	33	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	34	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	129	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	2	63	63	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	4	Tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	6	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	7	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	8	markedly	markedly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	9	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	130	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	2	general	general	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	4	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	5	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	6	substantial	substantial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	7	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	8	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	9	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	131	11	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	1	Jiaoliao	Jiaoliao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	4	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	5	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	8	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	10	Shandong	Shandong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	12	Jiaodong	Jiaodong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	14	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	15	Liaodong	Liaodong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	16	Peninsulas	Peninsulas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	132	17	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	2	64	64	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	4	Very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	5	noticeable	noticeable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	6	tonal	tonal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	7	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	9	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	12	flavour	flavour	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	13	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	14	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	15	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	16	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	17	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	18	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	20	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	21	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	22	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	23	variance	variance	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	133	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	1	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	3	moderate	moderate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	4	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	5	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	6	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	134	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	1	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	2	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	5	186	186	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	6	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	9	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	11	Henan	Henan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	12	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	15	central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	16	parts	part	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	18	Shaanxi	Shaanxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	21	Yellow	Yellow	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	22	River	River	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	23	valley	valley	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	25	eastern	eastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	26	Gansu	Gansu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	27	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	28	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	29	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	135	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	2	65	65	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	4	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	5	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	6	significant	significant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	7	phonological	phonological	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	8	differences	difference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	10	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	11	partial	partial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	12	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	13	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	14	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	136	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	2	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	3	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	4	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	6	Kazakhstan	Kazakhstan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	8	Kyrgyzstan	Kyrgyzstan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	9	belongs	belong	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	11	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	12	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	137	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	1	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	2	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	3	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	4	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	6	poet	poet	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	7	Iasyr	Iasyr	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	8	Shivaza	Shivaza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	9	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	10	reported	report	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	11	being	be	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	12	understood	understand	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	13	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	14	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	17	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	18	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	20	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	21	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	22	vice	vice	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	23	versa	versa	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	138	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	2	66	66	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	4	Lanyin	Lanyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	7	17	17	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	8	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	11	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	13	central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	14	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	15	western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	16	Gansu	Gansu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	17	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	19	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	20	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	21	Lanzhou	Lanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	23	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	24	Ningxia	Ningxia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	25	autonomous	autonomous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	26	region	region	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	27	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	28	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	29	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	30	Yinchuan	Yinchuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	31	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	33	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	34	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	35	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	36	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	37	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	139	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	2	67	67	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	4	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	5	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	6	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	8	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	9	Jiang	Jiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	10	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	11	Huai	Huai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	13	86	86	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	14	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	17	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	20	parts	part	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	22	Jiangsu	Jiangsu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	23	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	24	Anhui	Anhui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	25	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	27	north	north	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	28	bank	bank	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	31	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	33	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	34	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	35	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	36	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	37	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	38	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	39	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	40	south	south	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	41	bank	bank	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	42	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	43	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	44	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	45	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	46	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	47	Jiangsu	Jiangsu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	48	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	49	Jiujiang	Jiujiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	50	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	51	Jiangxi	Jiangxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	52	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	53	etc	etc	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	140	54	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	2	68	68	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	4	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	5	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	6	significant	significant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	7	phonological	phonological	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	9	lexical	lexical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	10	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	11	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	12	varying	vary	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	13	degrees	degree	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	16	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	17	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	18	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	19	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	20	limited	limited	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	141	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	1	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	2	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	4	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	5	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	6	significantly	significantly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	7	influenced	influence	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	8	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	9	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	10	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	142	11	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	1	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	4	260	260	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	5	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	8	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	11	provinces	province	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	13	Hubei	Hubei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	15	Sichuan	Sichuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	17	Guizhou	Guizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	19	Yunnan	Yunnan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	23	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	24	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	25	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	26	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	28	Hunan	Hunan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	30	Guangxi	Guangxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	31	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	32	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	33	Shaanxi	Shaanxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	143	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	2	69	69	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	4	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	5	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	6	sharp	sharp	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	7	phonological	phonological	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	9	lexical	lexical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	12	tonal	tonal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	13	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	16	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	17	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	18	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	19	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	20	limited	limit	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	21	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	22	varying	vary	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	23	degrees	degree	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	144	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	2	38][39	38][39	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	5	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	6	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	7	includes	include	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	8	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	9	unclassified	unclassified	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	11	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	12	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	14	scattered	scatter	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	15	pockets	pocket	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	16	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	17	southeastern	southeastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	18	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	20	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	21	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	22	Nanping	Nanping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	24	Fujian	Fujian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	25	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	26	Dongfang	Dongfang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	27	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	28	Hainan	Hainan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	145	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	2	70	70	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	4	Another	another	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	6	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	8	uncertain	uncertain	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	9	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	10	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	11	apparently	apparently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	12	Gyami	Gyami	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	14	recorded	record	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	17	19th	19th	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	18	century	century	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	21	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	22	foothills	foothill	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	24	who	who	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	26	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	27	apparently	apparently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	28	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	29	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	30	recognize	recognize	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	31	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	32	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	146	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	2	71	71	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	4	Phonology[edit	phonology[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	5	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	6	See	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	7	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	8	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	9	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	10	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	11	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	12	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	13	section	section	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	14	needs	need	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	15	additional	additional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	16	citations	citation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	17	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	18	verification	verification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	147	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	1	Please	please	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	2	help	help	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	3	improve	improve	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	4	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	5	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	6	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	7	adding	add	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	8	citations	citation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	9	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	10	reliable	reliable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	11	sources	source	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	148	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	1	Unsourced	unsourced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	2	material	material	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	3	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	4	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	5	challenged	challenge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	6	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	7	removed	remove	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	149	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	2	July	July	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	3	2011	2011	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	4	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	6	Learn	learn	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	7	how	how	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	9	when	when	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	10	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	11	remove	remove	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	12	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	13	template	template	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	14	message	message	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	16	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	17	syllable	syllable	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	18	consists	consist	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	19	maximally	maximally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	20	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	21	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	22	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	23	consonant	consonant	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	25	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	26	medial	medial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	27	glide	glide	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	29	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	30	vowel	vowel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	32	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	33	coda	coda	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	34	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	35	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	36	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	150	37	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	3	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	4	analysis	analysis	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	7	medial	medial	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	9	vowel	vowel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	11	coda	coda	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	12	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	13	combined	combine	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	14	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	15	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	16	final	final	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	151	17	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	2	72	72	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	4	Not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	5	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	6	combinations	combination	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	7	occur	occur	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	152	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	4	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	5	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	7	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	8	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	10	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	11	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	12	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	13	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	14	about	about	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	15	1,200	1,200	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	16	distinct	distinct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	17	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	153	18	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	2	73	73	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	4	Phonological	phonological	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	5	features	feature	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	6	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	7	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	8	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	9	shared	share	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	10	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	12	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	13	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	14	include	include	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	15	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	17	palatalization	palatalization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	19	velar	velar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	20	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	22	alveolar	alveolar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	23	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	24	when	when	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	25	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	26	occur	occur	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	27	before	before	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	28	palatal	palatal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	29	glides	glide	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	30	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	31	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	32	syllable	syllable	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	33	contains	contain	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	34	maximum	maximum	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	35	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	36	phonemes	phoneme	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	37	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	38	maximum	maximum	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	39	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	40	vowels	vowel	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	41	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	42	no	no	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	43	consonant	consonant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	44	cluster	cluster	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	45	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	46	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	47	disappearance	disappearance	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	48	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	49	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	50	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	51	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	52	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	53	/-m/	/-m/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	54	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	55	although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	56	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	57	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	58	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	59	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	60	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	61	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	62	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	63	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	64	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	65	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	66	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	67	echo	echo	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	68	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	69	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	70	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	71	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	72	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	73	preserved	preserve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	74	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	75	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	76	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	77	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	78	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	79	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	80	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	81	presence	presence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	82	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	83	retroflex	retroflex	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	84	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	85	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	86	although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	87	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	88	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	89	absent	absent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	90	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	91	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	92	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	93	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	94	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	95	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	96	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	97	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	98	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	99	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	100	historical	historical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	101	devoicing	devoicing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	102	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	103	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	104	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	105	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	106	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	107	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	108	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	109	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	110	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	111	non	non	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	112	-	-	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	113	Mandarin	mandarin	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	114	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	115	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	154	116	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	1	Initials[edit	Initials[edit	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	3	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	4	maximal	maximal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	5	inventory	inventory	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	7	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	9	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	11	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	13	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	14	follows	follow	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	16	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	17	bracketed	bracketed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	18	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	19	spellings	spelling	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	20	given	give	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	21	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	22	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	23	present	present	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	24	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	26	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	27	language:[74	language:[74	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	28	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	29	Labial	Labial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	30	Apical	Apical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	31	Retroflex	Retroflex	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	32	Palatal	Palatal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	33	Velar	Velar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	34	Stops	stop	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	35	/p/	/p/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	36	⟨b⟩	⟨b⟩	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	37	/t/	/t/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	38	⟨d⟩	⟨d⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	39	/k/	/k/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	40	⟨g⟩	⟨g⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	41	/pʰ/	/pʰ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	42	⟨p⟩	⟨p⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	43	/tʰ/	/tʰ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	44	⟨t⟩	⟨t⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	45	/kʰ/	/kʰ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	46	⟨k⟩	⟨k⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	47	Nasals	Nasals	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	48	/m/	/m/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	49	⟨m⟩	⟨m⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	50	/n/	/n/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	51	⟨n⟩	⟨n⟩	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	52	/ŋ/	/ŋ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	53	    	    	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	54	Affricates	Affricates	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	55	/t͡s/	/t͡s/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	56	⟨z⟩	⟨z⟩	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	57	/ʈ͡ʂ/	/ʈ͡ʂ/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	58	⟨zh⟩	⟨zh⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	59	/t͡ɕ/	/t͡ɕ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	60	⟨j⟩	⟨j⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	61	/t͡sʰ/	/t͡sʰ/	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	62	⟨c⟩	⟨c⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	63	/ʈ͡ʂʰ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰ/	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	64	⟨ch⟩	⟨ch⟩	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	65	/t͡ɕʰ/	/t͡ɕʰ/	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	66	⟨q⟩	⟨q⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	67	Fricatives	Fricatives	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	68	/f/	/f/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	69	⟨f⟩	⟨f⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	70	/s/	/s/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	71	⟨s⟩	⟨s⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	72	/ʂ/	/ʂ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	73	⟨sh⟩	⟨sh⟩	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	74	/ɕ/	/ɕ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	75	⟨x⟩	⟨x⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	76	/x/	/x/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	77	⟨h⟩	⟨h⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	78	Sonorants	Sonorants	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	79	/w/	/w/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	80	⟨w⟩	⟨w⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	81	/l/	/l/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	82	⟨l⟩	⟨l⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	83	/ɻ	/ɻ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	84	~	~	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	85	ʐ/	ʐ/	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	86	⟨r⟩	⟨r⟩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	87	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	88	⟨y⟩	⟨y⟩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	89	Most	Most	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	90	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	91	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	92	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	93	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	94	distinguish	distinguish	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	95	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	96	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	97	retroflex	retroflex	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	98	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	99	/ʈʂ	/ʈʂ	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	100	ʈʂʰ	ʈʂʰ	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	101	ʂ/	ʂ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	102	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	103	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	104	apical	apical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	105	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	106	/ts	/ts	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	107	tsʰ	tsʰ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	108	s/	s/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	109	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	110	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	111	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	112	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	113	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	114	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	115	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	116	distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	117	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	118	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	119	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	120	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	121	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	155	122	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	2	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	3	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	6	southeast	southeast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	8	southwest	southwest	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	10	retroflex	retroflex	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	11	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	12	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	13	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	14	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	16	alveolar	alveolar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	17	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	19	so	so	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	20	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	21	zhi	zhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	22	becomes	become	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	23	zi	zi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	25	chi	chi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	26	becomes	become	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	27	ci	ci	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	29	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	30	shi	shi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	31	becomes	become	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	32	si	si	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	156	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	5	alveolo	alveolo	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	7	palatal	palatal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	8	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	9	/tɕ	/tɕ	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	10	tɕʰ	tɕʰ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	11	ɕ/	ɕ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	12	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	14	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	16	merger	merger	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	17	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	19	historical	historical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	20	palatalized	palatalized	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	21	velars	velar	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	22	/kj	/kj	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	23	kʰj	kʰj	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	24	xj/	xj/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	25	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	26	palatalized	palatalize	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	27	alveolar	alveolar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	28	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	29	/tsj	/tsj	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	30	tsʰj	tsʰj	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	157	31	sj/.	sj/.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	4	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	5	about	about	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	6	20	20	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	7	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	9	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	12	alveolar	alveolar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	13	sibilants	sibilant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	14	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	15	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	16	palatalize	palatalize	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	18	remaining	remain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	19	separate	separate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	20	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	22	alveolo	alveolo	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	23	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	24	palatal	palatal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	25	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	158	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	2	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	3	unique	unique	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	4	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	5	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	6	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	7	Peking	Peking	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	8	opera	opera	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	9	falls	fall	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	10	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	11	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	12	category	category	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	159	14	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	1	On	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	3	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	4	side	side	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	6	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	7	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	8	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	10	eastern	eastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	11	Shandong	Shandong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	14	velar	velar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	15	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	16	did	do	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	17	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	18	undergo	undergo	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	19	palatalization	palatalization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	160	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	1	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	2	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	4	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	5	mix	mix	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	6	/f/	/f/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	8	/xw/	/xw/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	10	substituting	substitute	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	11	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	12	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	14	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	16	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	17	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	18	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	19	cases	case	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	161	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	2	76	76	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	4	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	5	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	7	fei	fei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	8	/fei/	/fei/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	9	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	10	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	11	fly	fly	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	12	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	13	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	14	hui	hui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	15	/xwei/	/xwei/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	16	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	17	grey	grey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	18	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	19	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	20	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	21	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	23	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	24	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	162	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	2	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	3	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	5	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	6	/l/	/l/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	8	/n/	/n/	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	9	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	10	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	11	distinguished	distinguish	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	163	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	2	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	5	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	6	sounds	sound	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	7	usually	usually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	8	merge	merge	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	9	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	10	/n/	/n/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	11	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	13	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	14	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	15	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	17	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	18	usually	usually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	19	merge	merge	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	20	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	164	21	/l/.	/l/.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	2	76	76	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	4	People	People	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	6	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	7	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	9	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	10	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	11	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	12	use	use	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	13	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	14	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	15	sounds	sound	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	16	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	17	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	18	uses	use	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	19	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	20	r-	r-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	165	21	/ɻ/.	/ɻ/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	1	Common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	2	variants	variant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	3	include	include	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	4	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	6	/l/	/l/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	8	/n/	/n/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	9	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	166	10	/w/.	/w/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	4	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	5	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	6	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	7	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	8	/ŋ/	/ŋ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	9	corresponding	correspond	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	12	zero	zero	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	13	initial	initial	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	16	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	17	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	167	18	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	4	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	5	initial	initial	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	6	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	8	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	10	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	11	merger	merger	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	14	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	15	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	16	zero	zero	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	17	initial	initial	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	18	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	19	/ŋ/	/ŋ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	20	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	168	21	/ʔ/.	/ʔ/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	1	Many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	2	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	4	Northwestern	northwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	6	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	7	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	9	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	10	/pf	/pf	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	11	pfʰ	pfʰ	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	12	f	f	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	13	v/	v/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	14	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	15	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	16	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	17	/tʂw	/tʂw	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	18	tʂʰw	tʂʰw	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	19	ʂw	ʂw	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	169	20	ɻw/.	ɻw/.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	4	Examples	example	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	5	include	include	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	6	/pfu/	/pfu/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	7	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	8	pig	pig	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	9	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	10	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	11	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	12	zhū	zhū	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	13	豬	豬	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	14	/tʂu/	/tʂu/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	16	/fei/	/fei/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	17	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	18	water	water	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	19	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	20	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	21	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	22	shuǐ	shuǐ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	23	水	水	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	24	/ʂwei/	/ʂwei/	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	26	/vã/	/vã/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	27	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	28	soft	soft	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	29	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	30	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	31	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	32	ruǎn	ruǎn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	33	軟	軟	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	170	34	/ɻwan/.	/ɻwan/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	1	Finals[edit	finals[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	3	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	4	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	5	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	6	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	7	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	8	medial	medial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	9	glides	glide	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	11	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	13	/w/	/w/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	14	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	15	/ɥ/	/ɥ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	16	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	17	spelled	spell	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	18	i	i	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	20	u	u	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	22	ü	ü	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	24	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	27	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	28	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	29	incidence	incidence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	30	varies	varie	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	171	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	2	medial	medial	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	3	/w/	/w/	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	5	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	6	lost	lose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	7	after	after	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	8	apical	apical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	9	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	10	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	11	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	12	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	172	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	4	Thus	Thus	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	5	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	6	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	7	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	8	/tei/	/tei/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	9	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	10	correct	correct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	11	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	12	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	14	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	15	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	16	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	17	dui	dui	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	173	18	/twei/.	/twei/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	1	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	3	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	4	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	5	/kai	/kai	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	6	kʰai	kʰai	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	7	xai/	xai/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	9	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	10	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	11	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	13	standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	14	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	15	jie	jie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	16	qie	qie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	17	xie	xie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	18	/tɕjɛ	/tɕjɛ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	19	tɕʰjɛ	tɕʰjɛ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	174	20	ɕjɛ/.	ɕjɛ/.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	3	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	4	stereotypical	stereotypical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	5	feature	feature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	7	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	10	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	11	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	13	so	so	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	14	easily	easily	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	15	noticeable	noticeable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	175	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	176	1	E.g.	e.g.	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	1	hai	hai	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	2	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	3	shoe	shoe	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	4	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	5	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	6	standard	standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	7	xie	xie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	9	gai	gai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	10	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	11	street	street	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	12	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	13	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	14	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	15	jie	jie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	177	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	2	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	3	typically	typically	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	4	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	5	relatively	relatively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	6	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	7	vowels	vowel	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	178	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	1	Syllabic	syllabic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	2	fricatives	fricative	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	4	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	6	standard	standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	7	zi	zi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	9	zhi	zhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	11	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	12	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	15	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	17	though	though	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	18	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	19	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	20	occur	occur	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	21	elsewhere	elsewhere	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	179	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	2	77	77	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	5	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	6	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	7	off	off	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	9	glides	glide	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	10	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	12	/w/	/w/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	13	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	14	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	15	preserved	preserve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	17	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	18	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	20	yielding	yield	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	21	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	22	diphthongs	diphthong	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	23	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	24	triphthongs	triphthong	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	25	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	26	contrast	contrast	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	27	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	29	larger	large	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	30	sets	set	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	31	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	32	monophthongs	monophthong	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	33	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	34	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	35	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	36	dialect	dialect	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	37	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	38	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	39	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	40	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	41	widely	widely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	42	scattered	scatter	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	43	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	44	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	45	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	180	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	2	77	77	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	5	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	6	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	7	coda	coda	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	8	/m/	/m/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	9	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	10	still	still	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	11	present	present	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	13	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	16	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	17	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	18	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	19	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	20	/n/	/n/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	21	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	23	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	24	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	181	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	4	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	5	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	6	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	8	especially	especially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	10	southwest	southwest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	12	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	13	/ŋ/	/ŋ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	14	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	15	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	16	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	17	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	182	18	/n/.	/n/.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	3	especially	especially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	4	prevalent	prevalent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	7	rhyme	rhyme	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	8	pairs	pairs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	9	-en/-eng	-en/-eng	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	10	/ən	/ən	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	11	əŋ/	əŋ/	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	13	-in/-ing	-in/-ing	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	14	/in	/in	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	183	15	iŋ/.	iŋ/.	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	1	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	3	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	5	jīn	jīn	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	6	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	7	gold	gold	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	8	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	9	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	10	jīng	jīng	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	12	capital	capital	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	13	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	14	merge	merge	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	16	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	17	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	184	18	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	2	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	3	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	4	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	5	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	6	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	7	undergone	undergo	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	8	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	9	variety	variety	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	11	developments	development	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	13	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	15	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	16	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	17	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	18	Tones	Tones	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	19	below	below	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	20	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	185	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	2	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	3	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	4	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	5	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	6	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	7	north	north	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	9	western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	10	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	11	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	12	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	13	merged	merge	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	14	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	15	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	16	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	17	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	18	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	186	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	2	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	3	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	4	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	5	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	6	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	7	lost	lose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	9	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	10	varying	vary	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	11	effects	effect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	12	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	14	vowel	vowel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	187	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	2	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	4	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	5	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	6	result	result	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	8	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	11	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	12	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	13	underwent	undergo	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	14	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	15	vowel	vowel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	16	mergers	merger	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	17	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	18	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	19	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	20	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	22	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	188	23	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	3	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	4	Character	Character	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	5	Meaning	Meaning	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	6	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	8	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	10	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	12	Harbin	Harbin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	13	Colloquial	Colloquial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	14	Jinan	Jinan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	15	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	16	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	17	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	18	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	19	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	20	Xi'an	Xi'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	21	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	22	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	23	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	24	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	25	Chengdu	Chengdu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	26	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	27	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	28	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	29	Yangzhou	Yangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	31	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	32	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	33	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	34	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	35	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	36	Reconstructed	Reconstructed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	37	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	38	IPA	IPA	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	39	课	课	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	40	lesson	lesson	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	41	kè	kè	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	42	kʰɤ	kʰɤ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	43	kʰɤ	kʰɤ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	44	kʰə	kʰə	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	45	kʰwo	kʰwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	46	kʰo	kʰo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	47	kʰo	kʰo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	48	kʰɑ	kʰɑ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	49	客	客	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	50	guest	guest	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	51	tɕʰie[d	tɕʰie[d	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	52	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	53	kʰei	kʰei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	54	kʰei	kʰei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	55	kʰe	kʰe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	56	kʰəʔ	kʰəʔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	57	kʰɰak	kʰɰak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	58	果	果	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	59	fruit	fruit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	60	guǒ	guǒ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	61	kwo	kwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	62	kwo	kwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	63	kwə	kwə	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	64	kwo	kwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	65	ko	ko	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	66	ko	ko	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	67	kwɑ	kwɑ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	68	国	国	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	69	country	country	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	70	guó	guó	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	71	kwe	kwe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	72	kwe	kwe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	73	kɔʔ	kɔʔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	74	kwək	kwək	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	75	R	R	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	76	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	77	coloring	coloring	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	78	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	79	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	80	characteristic	characteristic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	81	feature	feature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	82	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	83	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	84	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	85	works	work	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	86	quite	quite	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	87	differently	differently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	88	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	89	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	90	southwest	southwest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	189	91	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	1	Whereas	whereas	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	2	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	3	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	4	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	5	removes	remove	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	6	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	7	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	8	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	9	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	10	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	11	/n/	/n/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	12	when	when	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	13	adding	add	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	15	rhotic	rhotic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	16	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	17	-r	-r	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	18	/ɻ/	/ɻ/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	22	southwest	southw	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	24	-r	-r	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	25	replaces	replace	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	26	nearly	nearly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	27	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	28	entire	entire	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	29	rhyme	rhyme	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	190	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	1	Tones[edit	tones[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	3	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	4	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	5	main	main	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	6	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	8	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	11	pronounced	pronounce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	12	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	14	syllable	syllable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	15	ma	ma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	191	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	2	general	general	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	4	no	no	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	5	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	6	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	7	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	8	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	9	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	10	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	11	exactly	exactly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	13	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	14	set	set	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	16	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	17	values	value	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	19	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	20	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	21	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	22	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	23	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	24	areas	area	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	25	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	26	very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	27	similar	similar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	28	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	29	distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	192	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	5	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	7	Jinan	Jinan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	9	Chengdu	Chengdu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	11	Xi'an	Xi'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	13	so	so	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	14	on	on	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	15	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	16	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	17	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	18	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	19	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	20	correspond	correspond	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	21	quite	quite	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	22	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	23	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	25	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	26	dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	27	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	28	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	29	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	30	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	31	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	32	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	33	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	34	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	35	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	36	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	37	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	38	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	39	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	40	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	41	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	42	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	43	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	44	˨˩˦	˨˩˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	45	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	46	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	47	214	214	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	48	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	49	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	50	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	51	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	52	˥˩	˥˩	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	53	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	54	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	55	51	51	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	56	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	193	57	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	2	exception	exception	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	3	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	4	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	5	rule	rule	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	6	lies	lie	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	7	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	9	distribution	distribution	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	11	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	12	formerly	formerly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	13	ending	end	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	15	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	16	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	17	consonant	consonant	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	19	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	20	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	21	treated	treat	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	22	differently	differently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	24	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	25	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	26	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	27	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	194	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	2	78	78	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	4	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	5	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	6	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	8	affricates	affricate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	9	had	have	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	10	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	11	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	12	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	13	way	way	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	14	distinction	distinction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	15	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	16	tenuis	tenuis	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	18	voiceless	voiceless	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	19	aspirate	aspirate	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	20	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	21	voiced	voice	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	22	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	23	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	24	breathy	breathy	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	25	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	26	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	27	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	195	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	3	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	5	voicing	voicing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	6	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	7	generally	generally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	8	lost	lose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	10	yielding	yielding	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	11	voiceless	voiceless	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	12	aspirates	aspirate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	14	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	15	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	16	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	17	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	18	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	19	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	20	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	22	non	non	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	23	-	-	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	24	aspirates	aspirate	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	25	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	26	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	27	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	196	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	2	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	4	Of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	6	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	7	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	9	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	10	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	13	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	15	rising	rise	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	17	departing	depart	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	18	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	19	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	20	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	21	developed	develop	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	22	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	23	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	24	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	25	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	26	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	27	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	28	uniform	uniform	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	29	way	way	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	30	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	31	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	32	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	33	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	35	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	36	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	37	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	38	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	39	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	40	split	split	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	41	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	42	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	43	registers	register	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	44	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	45	conditioned	condition	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	46	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	47	voicing	voicing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	48	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	49	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	50	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	51	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	52	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	53	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	54	while	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	55	rising	rise	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	56	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	57	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	58	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	59	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	60	obstruent	obstruent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	61	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	62	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	63	shifted	shift	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	64	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	65	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	66	departing	depart	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	67	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	197	68	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	2	79	79	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	5	following	follow	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	6	examples	example	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	7	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	9	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	10	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	11	illustrate	illustrate	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	13	regular	regular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	14	development	development	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	15	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	16	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	17	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	19	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	20	recall	recall	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	21	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	22	pinyin	pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	23	d	d	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	24	denotes	denote	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	25	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	26	non	non	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	27	-	-	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	28	aspirate	aspirate	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	29	/t/	/t/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	31	while	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	32	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	33	denotes	denote	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	34	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	35	aspirate	aspirate	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	36	/tʰ/	/tʰ/	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	37	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	38	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	39	Reflexes	reflex	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	40	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	41	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	42	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	43	initials	initial	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	44	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	45	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	46	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	47	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	48	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	49	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	50	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	51	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	52	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	53	level	level	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	54	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	55	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	56	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	57	píng	píng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	58	平	平	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	59	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	60	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	61	rising	rise	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	62	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	63	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	64	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	65	shǎng	shǎng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	66	上	上	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	67	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	68	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	69	departing	depart	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	70	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	71	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	72	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	73	qù	qù	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	74	去	去	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	75	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	76	Example	Example	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	77	丹	丹	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	78	灘	灘	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	79	蘭	蘭	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	80	彈	彈	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	81	亶	亶	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	82	坦	坦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	83	懶	懶	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	84	但	但	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	85	旦	旦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	86	炭	炭	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	87	爛	爛	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	88	彈	彈	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	89	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	90	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	91	tan	tan	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	92	tʰan	tʰan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	93	lan	lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	94	dan	dan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	95	tan	tan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	96	tʰan	tʰan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	97	lan	lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	98	dan	dan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	99	tan	tan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	100	tʰan	tʰan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	101	lan	lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	102	dan	dan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	103	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	104	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	105	dān	dān	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	106	tān	tān	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	107	lán	lán	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	108	tán	tán	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	109	dǎn	dǎn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	110	tǎn	tǎn	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	111	lǎn	lǎn	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	112	dàn	dàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	113	dàn	dàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	114	tàn	tàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	115	làn	làn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	116	dàn	dàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	117	Modern	Modern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	118	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	119	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	120	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	121	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	122	yīn	yīn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	123	píng	píng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	124	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	125	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	126	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	127	yáng	yáng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	128	píng	píng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	129	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	130	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	131	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	132	shǎng	shǎng	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	133	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	134	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	135	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	136	qù	qù	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	137	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	138	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	139	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	140	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	141	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	142	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	143	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	144	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	145	ended	end	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	146	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	147	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	148	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	149	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	150	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	151	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	152	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	198	153	i.e.	i.e.	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	1	/p/	/p/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	3	/t/	/t/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	4	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	5	/k/	/k/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	7	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	8	considered	consider	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	9	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	10	belong	belong	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	11	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	12	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	13	special	special	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	14	category	category	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	15	known	know	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	16	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	18	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	19	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	20	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	21	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	199	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	1	These	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	2	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	3	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	4	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	5	disappeared	disappear	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	6	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	7	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	9	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	11	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	13	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	14	distributed	distribute	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	15	over	over	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	17	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	18	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	19	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	20	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	21	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	22	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	23	ways	way	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	24	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	26	various	various	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	27	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	28	subgroups	subgroup	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	200	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	3	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	4	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	5	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	6	underlies	underlie	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	8	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	9	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	11	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	12	beginning	begin	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	13	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	14	original	original	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	15	voiceless	voiceless	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	16	consonants	consonant	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	17	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	18	redistributed	redistribute	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	19	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	21	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	22	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	23	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	24	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	25	completely	completely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	26	random	random	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	27	pattern	pattern	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	201	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	2	80	80	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	4	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	5	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	8	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	9	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	10	积脊迹	积脊迹	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	12	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	13	tsjek	tsjek	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	15	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	16	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	18	William	William	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	19	H.	H.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	20	Baxter	Baxter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	21	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	22	transcription	transcription	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	23	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	25	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	26	now	now	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	27	pronounced	pronounce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	28	jī	jī	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	30	jǐ	jǐ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	31	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	32	jì	jì	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	33	respectively	respectively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	202	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	1	Older	old	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	2	dictionaries	dictionary	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	3	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	4	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	5	Mathews	Mathews	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	6	'	'	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	7	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	9	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	10	Dictionary	Dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	11	mark	mark	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	12	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	13	whose	whose	WP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	14	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	15	formerly	formerly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	16	ended	end	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	17	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	18	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	19	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	20	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	21	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	22	superscript	superscript	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	23	5	5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	24	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	25	however	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	27	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	28	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	29	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	30	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	31	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	32	commonly	commonly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	33	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	34	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	35	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	36	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	37	always	always	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	38	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	39	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	40	neutral	neutral	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	41	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	42	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	43	see	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	44	below	below	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	45	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	203	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	2	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	3	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	4	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	6	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	7	minority	minority	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	9	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	10	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	204	12	e.g.	e.g.	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	1	Minjiang	Minjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	2	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	3	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	4	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	5	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	7	sometimes	sometimes	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	8	considered	consider	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	9	non	non	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	10	-	-	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	11	Mandarin	mandarin	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	12	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	14	former	former	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	15	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	16	stops	stop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	17	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	18	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	19	deleted	delete	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	20	entirely	entirely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	22	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	23	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	24	reduced	reduce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	25	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	26	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	27	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	28	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	205	29	/ʔ/.	/ʔ/.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	2	80	80	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	5	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	6	includes	include	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	8	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	10	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	11	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	12	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	14	Postal	Postal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	15	Romanization	Romanization	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	16	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	17	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	18	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	20	transcribes	transcribe	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	22	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	23	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	24	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	25	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	26	trailing	trail	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	27	h.	h.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	28	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	29	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	30	development	development	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	31	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	32	shared	share	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	33	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	34	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	35	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	36	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	37	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	38	thought	think	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	39	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	40	represent	represent	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	41	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	42	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	43	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	44	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	45	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	206	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	2	line	line	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	3	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	4	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	5	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	6	phonology	phonology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	8	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	9	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	10	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	11	Lower	Lower	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	12	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	13	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	14	Minjiang	Minjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	15	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	16	thus	thus	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	17	said	say	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	18	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	19	have	have	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	20	five	five	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	21	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	22	instead	instead	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	24	four	four	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	207	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	1	However	however	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	3	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	4	linguistics	linguistic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	5	considers	consider	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	6	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	7	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	8	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	9	having	have	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	10	no	no	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	11	phonemic	phonemic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	12	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	13	at	at	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	14	all	all	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	208	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	1	Reflexes	reflex	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	4	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	5	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	6	entering	enter	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	7	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	10	dialects[81	dialects[81	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	11	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	12	subgroup	subgroup	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	13	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	14	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	15	initial	initial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	16	voiceless	voiceless	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	17	voiced	voice	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	18	sonorant	sonorant	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	19	voiced	voiced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	20	obstruent	obstruent	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	21	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	22	1,3,4	1,3,4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	23	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	24	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	25	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	26	Jiao	Jiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	27	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	28	Liao	Liao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	29	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	30	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	31	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	32	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	33	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	34	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	35	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	36	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	37	Lan	Lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	38	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	39	Yin	Yin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	40	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	41	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	42	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	43	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	44	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	45	marked	mark	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	46	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	47	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	48	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	49	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	50	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	51	rù	rù	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	52	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	53	Although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	54	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	55	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	56	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	57	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	58	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	59	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	60	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	61	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	62	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	63	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	64	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	65	realization	realization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	66	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	67	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	68	contours	contours	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	69	varies	vary	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	70	widely:[82	widely:[82	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	71	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	72	Phonetic	phonetic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	73	realization	realization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	74	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	75	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	76	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	77	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	78	principal	principal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	79	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	80	Tone	Tone	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	81	name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	82	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	83	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	84	yīn	yīn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	85	píng	píng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	86	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	87	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	88	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	89	yáng	yáng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	90	píng	píng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	91	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	92	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	93	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	94	shǎng	shǎng	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	95	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	96	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	97	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	98	qù	qù	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	99	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	100	marked	mark	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	101	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	102	glottal	glottal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	103	stop	stop	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	104	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	105	rù	rù	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	106	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	107	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	108	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	109	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	110	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	111	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	112	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	113	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	114	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	115	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	116	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	117	˨˩˦	˨˩˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	118	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	119	214	214	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	120	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	121	˥˩	˥˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	122	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	123	51	51	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	124	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	125	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	126	Harbin	Harbin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	127	˦	˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	128	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	129	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	130	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	131	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	132	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	133	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	134	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	135	˨˩˧	˨˩˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	136	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	137	213	213	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	138	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	139	˥˨	˥˨	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	140	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	141	52	52	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	142	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	143	Jiao	Jiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	144	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	145	Liao	Liao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	146	Yantai	Yantai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	147	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	148	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	149	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	150	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	151	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	152	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	153	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	154	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	155	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	156	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	157	˨˩˦	˨˩˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	158	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	159	214	214	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	160	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	161	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	162	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	163	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	164	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	165	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	166	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	167	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	168	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	169	˨˩	˨˩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	170	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	171	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	172	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	173	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	174	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	175	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	176	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	177	˩˩˧	˩˩˧	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	178	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	179	113	113	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	180	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	181	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	182	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	183	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	184	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	185	Shijiazhuang	Shijiazhuang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	186	˨˧	˨˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	187	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	188	23	23	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	189	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	190	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	191	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	192	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	193	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	194	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	195	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	196	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	197	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	198	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	199	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	200	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	201	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	202	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	203	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	204	Zhengzhou	Zhengzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	205	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	206	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	207	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	208	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	209	˦˨	˦˨	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	210	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	211	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	212	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	213	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	214	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	215	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	216	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	217	˧˩˨	˧˩˨	ADD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	218	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	219	312	312	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	220	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	221	Luoyang	Luoyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	222	˧˦	˧˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	223	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	224	34	34	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	225	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	226	˦˨	˦˨	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	227	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	228	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	229	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	230	˥˦	˥˦	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	231	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	232	54	54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	233	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	234	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	235	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	236	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	237	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	238	Xi'an	Xi'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	239	˨˩	˨˩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	240	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	241	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	242	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	243	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	244	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	245	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	246	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	247	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	248	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	249	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	250	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	251	˦	˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	252	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	253	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	254	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	255	Tianshui	Tianshui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	256	˩˧	˩˧	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	257	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	258	13	13	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	259	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	260	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	261	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	262	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	263	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	264	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	265	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	266	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	267	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	268	Lan	Lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	269	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	270	Yin	Yin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	271	Lanzhou	Lanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	272	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	273	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	274	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	275	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	276	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	277	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	278	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	279	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	280	˧	˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	281	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	282	33	33	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	283	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	284	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	285	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	286	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	287	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	288	Yinchuan	Yinchuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	289	˦	˦	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	290	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	291	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	292	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	293	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	294	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	295	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	296	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	297	˩˧	˩˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	298	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	299	13	13	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	300	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	301	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	302	Chengdu	Chengdu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	303	˦	˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	304	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	305	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	306	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	307	˨˩	˨˩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	308	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	309	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	310	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	311	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	312	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	313	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	314	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	315	˨˩˧	˨˩˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	316	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	317	213	213	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	318	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	319	Xichang	Xichang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	320	˧	˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	321	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	322	33	33	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	323	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	324	˥˨	˥˨	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	325	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	326	52	52	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	327	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	328	˦˥	˦˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	329	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	330	45	45	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	331	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	332	˨˩˧	˨˩˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	333	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	334	213	213	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	335	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	336	˧˩ʔ	˧˩ʔ	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	337	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	338	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	339	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	340	Kunming	Kunming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	341	˦	˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	342	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	343	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	344	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	345	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	346	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	347	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	348	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	349	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	350	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	351	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	352	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	353	˨˩˨	˨˩˨	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	354	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	355	212	212	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	356	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	357	Wuhan	Wuhan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	358	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	359	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	360	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	361	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	362	˨˩˧	˨˩˧	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	363	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	364	213	213	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	365	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	366	˦˨	˦˨	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	367	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	368	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	369	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	370	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	371	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	372	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	373	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	374	Liuzhou	Liuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	375	˦	˦	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	376	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	377	44	44	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	378	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	379	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	380	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	381	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	382	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	383	˥˧	˥˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	384	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	385	53	53	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	386	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	387	˨˦	˨˦	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	388	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	389	24	24	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	390	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	391	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	392	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	393	Yangzhou	Yangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	394	˧˩	˧˩	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	395	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	396	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	397	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	398	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	399	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	400	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	401	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	402	˦˨	˦˨	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	403	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	404	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	405	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	406	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	407	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	408	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	409	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	410	˥ʔ	˥ʔ	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	411	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	412	5	5	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	413	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	414	Nantong	Nantong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	415	˨˩	˨˩	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	416	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	417	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	418	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	419	˧˥	˧˥	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	420	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	421	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	422	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	423	˥	˥	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	424	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	425	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	426	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	427	˦˨	˦˨	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	428	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	429	42	42	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	430	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	431	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	432	˨˩˧	˨˩˧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	433	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	434	213	213	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	435	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	436	*	*	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	437	˦ʔ	˦ʔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	438	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	439	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	440	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	441	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	442	˥ʔ	˥ʔ	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	443	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	444	5	5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	445	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	446	*	*	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	447	*	*	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	448	Dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	449	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	450	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	451	around	around	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	452	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	453	Nantong	Nantong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	454	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	455	typically	typically	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	456	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	457	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	458	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	459	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	460	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	461	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	462	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	463	due	due	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	464	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	465	influence	influence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	466	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	467	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	468	neighbouring	neighbouring	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	469	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	470	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	209	471	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	1	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	2	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	3	frequently	frequently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	4	employ	employ	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	5	neutral	neutral	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	6	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	7	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	9	second	second	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	10	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	12	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	14	creating	create	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	15	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	16	whose	whose	WP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	17	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	18	contour	contour	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	19	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	20	so	so	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	21	short	short	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	23	light	light	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	24	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	25	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	26	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	27	difficult	difficult	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	28	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	29	impossible	impossible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	30	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	31	discriminate	discriminate	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	210	32	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	1	These	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	2	atonal	atonal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	3	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	4	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	5	occur	occur	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	6	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	7	non	non	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	8	-	-	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	9	Mandarin	mandarin	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	10	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	12	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	14	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	15	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	16	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	18	tones	tone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	20	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	21	syllables	syllable	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	22	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	23	made	make	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	24	clear	clear	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	211	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	2	80	80	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	4	Vocabulary[edit	Vocabulary[edit	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	5	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	6	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	7	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	8	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	9	polysyllabic	polysyllabic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	10	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	12	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	13	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	15	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	16	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	17	major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	18	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	20	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	21	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	22	Shanghainese[citation	shanghainese[citation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	23	needed	need	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	24	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	212	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	1	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	3	partly	partly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	4	because	because	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	6	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	7	undergone	undergo	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	8	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	9	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	10	sound	sound	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	11	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	12	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	13	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	14	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	15	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	17	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	19	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	20	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	21	needed	need	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	22	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	23	deal	deal	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	24	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	25	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	26	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	27	homophones	homophone	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	213	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	1	New	new	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	2	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	3	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	4	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	5	formed	form	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	6	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	7	adding	add	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	8	affixes	affix	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	9	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	10	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	11	lao-	lao-	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	12	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	13	老	老	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	14	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	16	-zi	-zi	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	18	子	子	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	19	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	21	-(e)r	-(e)r	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	22	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	23	儿	儿	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	24	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	25	兒	兒	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	26	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	28	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	29	-tou	-tou	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	31	头	头	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	32	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	33	頭	頭	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	34	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	35	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	36	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	37	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	38	compounding	compound	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	39	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	214	40	e.g.	e.g.	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	1	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	2	combining	combine	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	3	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	4	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	6	similar	similar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	7	meaning	meaning	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	8	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	9	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	10	cōngmáng	cōngmáng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	12	匆忙	匆忙	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	15	made	make	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	16	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	17	elements	element	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	18	meaning	mean	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	19	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	20	hurried	hurried	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	21	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	23	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	24	busy	busy	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	25	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	215	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	1	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	2	distinctive	distinctive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	3	feature	feature	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	5	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	6	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	7	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	8	its	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	9	frequent	frequent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	10	use	use	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	12	noun	noun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	13	reduplication	reduplication	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	15	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	16	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	17	hardly	hardly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	18	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	20	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	216	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	2	Sichuan	Sichuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	4	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	5	hears	hear	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	6	bāobāo	bāobāo	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	8	包包	包包	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	10	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	11	handbag	handbag	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	12	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	13	where	where	WRB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	14	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	15	uses	use	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	16	bāo'r	bāo'r	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	17	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	18	包儿	包儿	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	19	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	217	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	1	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	2	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	3	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	4	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	5	small	small	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	6	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	8	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	9	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	10	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	11	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	12	polysyllabic	polysyllabic	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	13	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	14	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	15	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	17	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	18	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	19	húdié	húdié	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	20	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	21	蝴蝶	蝴蝶	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	23	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	24	butterfly	butterfly	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	25	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	218	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	2	singular	singular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	3	pronouns	pronoun	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	4	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	5	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	6	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	7	wǒ	wǒ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	8	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	9	我	我	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	12	I	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	13	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	15	nǐ	nǐ	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	16	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	17	你	你	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	18	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	19	妳	妳	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	20	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	21	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	22	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	23	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	25	nín	nín	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	26	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	27	您	您	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	28	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	29	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	30	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	31	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	32	formal	formal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	33	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	34	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	35	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	36	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	37	tā	tā	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	38	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	39	他	他	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	40	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	41	她	她	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	42	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	43	它	它	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	44	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	45	牠	牠	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	46	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	47	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	48	he	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	49	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	50	she	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	51	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	52	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	53	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	54	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	55	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	56	-men	-men	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	57	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	58	们	们	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	59	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	60	們	們	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	61	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	62	added	add	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	63	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	64	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	65	plural	plural	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	219	66	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	1	Further	further	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	3	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	4	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	5	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	6	distinction	distinction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	7	between	between	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	9	plural	plural	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	10	first	first	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	11	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	12	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	13	pronoun	pronoun	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	14	zánmen	zánmen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	15	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	16	咱们	咱们	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	17	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	18	咱們	咱們	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	19	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	21	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	22	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	23	inclusive	inclusive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	24	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	26	listener	listener	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	28	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	29	wǒmen	wǒman	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	31	我们	我们	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	32	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	33	我們	我們	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	34	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	35	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	36	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	37	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	38	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	39	exclusive	exclusive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	40	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	41	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	42	listener	listener	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	220	43	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	1	Dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	4	agree	agree	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	5	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	6	each	each	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	7	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	8	quite	quite	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	9	consistently	consistently	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	10	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	11	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	12	pronouns	pronoun	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	221	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	1	While	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	2	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	3	first	first	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	4	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	5	second	second	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	6	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	7	singular	singular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	8	pronouns	pronoun	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	9	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	10	cognate	cognate	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	11	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	12	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	14	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	15	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	17	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	20	rest	rest	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	23	pronominal	pronominal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	24	system	system	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	25	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	26	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	27	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	28	innovation	innovation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	29	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	30	e.g.	e.g.	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	32	Shanghainese	Shanghainese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	33	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	34	non	non	AFX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	35	侬	侬	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	36	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	37	儂	儂	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	38	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	39	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	40	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	41	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	42	yi	yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	43	伊	伊	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	44	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	45	he	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	46	/	/	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	47	she	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	48	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	49	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	222	50	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	2	83	83	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	4	Because	because	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	5	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	6	contact	contact	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	7	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	8	Mongolian	mongolian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	9	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	10	Manchurian	manchurian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	11	peoples	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	15	especially	especially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	17	Northeastern	northeastern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	18	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	19	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	20	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	21	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	22	loanwords	loanword	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	23	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	24	these	these	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	25	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	26	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	27	present	present	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	28	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	29	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	30	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	31	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	32	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	33	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	34	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	35	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	36	hútòng	hútòng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	37	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	38	胡同	胡同	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	39	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	40	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	41	alley	alley	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	42	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	223	43	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	1	Southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	2	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	4	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	5	borrowed	borrow	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	6	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	7	Tai,[84	tai,[84	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	8	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	9	Austroasiatic,[85	Austroasiatic,[85	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	10	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	12	Austronesian	austronesian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	13	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	224	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	1	There	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	2	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	3	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	4	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	5	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	6	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	7	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	8	come	come	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	9	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	10	foreign	foreign	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	11	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	12	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	13	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	14	gāo'ěrfū	gāo'ěrfū	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	15	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	16	高尔夫	高尔夫	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	17	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	18	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	19	golf	golf	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	20	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	21	bǐjīní	bǐjīní	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	22	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	23	比基尼	比基尼	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	24	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	25	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	26	bikini	bikini	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	27	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	28	hànbǎo	hànbǎo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	29	bāo	bāo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	30	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	31	汉堡包	汉堡包	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	32	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	33	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	34	hamburger	hamburger	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	225	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	2	general	general	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	5	greatest	great	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	6	variation	variation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	7	occurs	occur	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	9	slang	slang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	12	kinship	kinship	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	13	terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	16	names	name	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	17	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	18	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	19	crops	crop	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	20	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	21	domesticated	domesticate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	22	animals	animal	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	24	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	25	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	26	verbs	verb	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	27	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	28	adjectives	adjective	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	29	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	30	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	31	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	32	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	33	everyday	everyday	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	34	terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	226	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	2	least	least	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	3	variation	variation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	4	occurs	occur	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	6	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	7	formal	formal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	8	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	9	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	10	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	11	terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	12	dealing	deal	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	13	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	14	science	science	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	16	law	law	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	18	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	19	government	government	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	227	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	1	Grammar[edit	grammar[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	3	See	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	4	also	also	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	5	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	6	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	7	grammar	grammar	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	8	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	9	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	11	all	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	12	periods	period	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	13	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	14	traditionally	traditionally	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	15	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	16	considered	consider	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	17	prime	prime	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	18	examples	example	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	20	analytic	analytic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	21	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	23	relying	rely	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	24	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	25	word	word	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	26	order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	27	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	28	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	29	instead	instead	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	30	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	31	inflection	inflection	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	32	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	33	affixes	affix	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	34	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	35	provide	provide	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	36	grammatical	grammatical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	37	information	information	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	38	such	such	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	39	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	40	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	41	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	42	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	43	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	44	tense	tense	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	45	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	46	mood	mood	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	47	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	48	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	49	case	case	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	228	50	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	1	Although	although	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	2	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	5	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	7	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	8	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	10	use	use	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	11	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	12	small	small	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	13	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	15	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	18	similar	similar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	19	fashion	fashion	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	20	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	21	suffixes	suffix	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	23	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	24	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	25	still	still	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	26	strongly	strongly	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	27	analytic	analytic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	229	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	2	86	86	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	5	basic	basic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	6	word	word	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	7	order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	9	subject	subject	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	10	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	11	verb	verb	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	12	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	13	object	object	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	14	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	15	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	16	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	17	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	18	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	20	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	21	there	there	EX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	22	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	23	variations	variation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	24	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	26	order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	28	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	29	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	30	objects	object	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	31	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	32	ditransitive	ditransitive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	33	sentences	sentence	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	230	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	2	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	3	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	5	indirect	indirect	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	6	object	object	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	7	precedes	precede	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	9	direct	direct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	10	object	object	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	12	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	13	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	14	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	17	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	18	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	20	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	21	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	22	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	23	sentence	sentence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	24	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	25	我	我	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	26	给	给	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	27	你	你	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	28	一本	一本	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	29	书	书	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	30	。	。	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	31	wǒ	wǒ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	32	gěi	gěi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	33	nǐ	nǐ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	34	yìběn	yìběn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	35	shū	shū	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	231	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	1	I	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	2	give	give	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	3	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	4	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	6	one	one	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	8	book	book	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	232	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	2	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	3	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	5	as	as	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	6	well	well	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	7	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	8	many	many	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	9	southwestern	southwestern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	11	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	12	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	13	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	16	objects	object	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	17	occur	occur	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	20	reverse	reverse	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	21	order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	233	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	2	87][88	87][88	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	4	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	5	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	7	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	8	use	use	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	9	post	post	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	10	-	-	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	11	verbal	verbal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	12	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	13	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	14	indicate	indicate	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	15	aspect	aspect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	17	but	but	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	19	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	20	used	use	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	21	vary	vary	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	234	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	1	Most	Most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	3	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	4	use	use	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	6	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	7	-le	-le	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	8	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	9	了	了	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	11	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	12	indicate	indicate	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	13	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	14	perfective	perfective	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	15	aspect	aspect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	17	-zhe	-zhe	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	19	着	着	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	20	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	21	著	著	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	23	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	25	progressive	progressive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	26	aspect	aspect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	235	27	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	1	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	2	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	3	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	4	tend	tend	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	5	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	6	use	use	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	7	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	8	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	236	10	e.g.	e.g.	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	1	Cantonese	cantonese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	2	zo2	zo2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	3	咗	咗	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	4	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	5	gan2	gan2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	6	紧	紧	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	7	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	8	緊	緊	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	9	respectively	respectively	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	237	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	1	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	2	experiential	experiential	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	3	aspect	aspect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	4	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	5	-guo	-guo	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	7	过	过	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	8	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	9	過	過	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	11	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	12	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	13	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	14	widely	widely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	16	except	except	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	17	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	18	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	19	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	238	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	2	89	89	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	5	subordinative	subordinative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	6	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	7	de	de	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	8	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	9	的	的	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	11	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	12	characteristic	characteristic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	15	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	239	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	2	90	90	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	4	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	5	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	6	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	8	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	9	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	10	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	11	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	12	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	13	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	15	preserve	preserve	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	16	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	17	older	old	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	18	pattern	pattern	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	20	subordination	subordination	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	21	without	without	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	22	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	23	marking	mark	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	24	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	26	while	while	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	27	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	28	others	other	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	29	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	30	classifier	classifier	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	31	fulfils	fulfil	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	32	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	33	role	role	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	34	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	35	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	36	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	37	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	240	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	2	91	91	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	4	Especially	especially	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	6	conversational	conversational	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	7	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	9	sentence	sentence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	10	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	11	final	final	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	12	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	13	alter	alter	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	15	inherent	inherent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	16	meaning	meaning	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	18	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	19	sentence	sentence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	241	20	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	1	Like	like	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	2	much	much	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	3	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	5	particles	particle	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	6	can	can	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	7	vary	vary	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	8	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	9	great	great	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	10	deal	deal	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	11	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	12	regards	regard	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	13	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	15	locale	locale	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	242	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	5	particle	particle	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	6	ma	ma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	8	嘛	嘛	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	11	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	13	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	15	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	16	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	17	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	18	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	19	denote	denote	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	20	obviousness	obviousness	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	21	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	22	contention	contention	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	24	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	25	replaced	replace	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	26	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	27	yo	yo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	28	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	29	哟	哟	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	30	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	31	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	32	southern	southern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	33	usage	usage	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	243	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	1	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	2	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	3	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	4	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	5	can	can	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	6	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	7	combined	combine	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	8	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	9	others	other	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	10	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	11	indicate	indicate	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	12	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	13	particular	particular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	14	meaning	meaning	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	15	just	just	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	16	like	like	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	17	prefix	prefix	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	19	suffix	suffix	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	21	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	244	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	2	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	5	suffix	suffix	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	6	-er	-er	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	7	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	8	means	mean	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	10	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	11	who	who	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	13	doing	do	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	14	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	15	action	action	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	245	17	e.g.	e.g.	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	1	teacher	teacher	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	3	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	4	who	who	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	5	teaches	teach	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	246	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	3	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	4	character	character	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	5	師	師	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	6	functions	function	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	8	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	9	thing	thing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	11	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	12	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	13	combined	combine	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	14	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	15	教	教	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	17	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	18	means	mean	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	19	teach	teach	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	21	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	22	form	form	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	24	word	word	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	25	teacher	teacher	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	247	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	1	List	list	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	3	several	several	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	4	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	5	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	6	prefixes	prefix	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	7	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	8	suffixes	suffix	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	9	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	10	Affix	Affix	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	11	Pronunciation	Pronunciation	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	12	Meaning	Meaning	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	13	Example	Example	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	14	Meaning	Meaning	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	16	Example	Example	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	17	-們[们	-們[们	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	18	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	19	men	man	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	20	plural	plural	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	22	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	23	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	24	-s	-s	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	26	-es	-es	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	27	學生們	學生們	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	28	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	29	学生们]、朋友們	学生们]、朋友們	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	30	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	31	朋友们	朋友们	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	32	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	33	students	student	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	34	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	35	friends	friend	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	36	可-	可-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	37	kě	kě	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	38	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	39	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	40	-able	-able	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	41	可信、可笑、可靠	可信、可笑、可靠	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	42	trusty	trusty	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	43	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	44	laughable	laughable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	45	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	46	reliable	reliable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	47	重-	重-	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	48	chóng	chóng	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	49	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	50	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	51	re-(again	re-(again	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	52	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	53	重做、重建、重新	重做、重建、重新	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	54	redo	redo	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	55	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	56	rebuild	rebuild	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	57	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	58	renew	renew	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	59	第-	第-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	60	dì	dì	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	61	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	62	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	63	-th	-th	ADD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	64	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	65	-st	-st	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	66	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	67	-nd	-nd	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	68	第二、第一	第二、第一	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	69	second	second	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	70	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	71	first	first	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	72	老-	老-	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	73	lǎo	lǎo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	74	old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	75	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	76	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	77	show	show	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	78	respect	respect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	79	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	80	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	81	certain	certain	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	82	type	type	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	83	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	84	person	person	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	85	老頭[老头]、老闆[老板]、老師[老师	老頭[老头]、老闆[老板]、老師[老师	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	86	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	87	old	old	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	88	man	man	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	89	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	90	boss	boss	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	91	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	92	teacher	teacher	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	93	-化	-化	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	94	huà	huà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	95	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	96	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	97	-ize	-ize	ADD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	98	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	99	-en	-en	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	100	公式化、制度化、強化	公式化、制度化、強化	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	101	officialize	officialize	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	102	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	103	systemize	systemize	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	104	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	105	strengthen	strengthen	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	106	-家	-家	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	107	jiā	jiā	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	108	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	109	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	110	-er	-er	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	111	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	112	expert	expert	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	113	作家、科學家[科学家]、藝術家[艺术家	作家、科學家[科学家]、藝術家[艺术家	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	114	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	115	writer	writer	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	116	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	117	scientist	scientist	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	118	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	119	artist	artist	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	120	-性	-性	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	121	xìng	xìng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	122	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	123	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	124	-ness	-ness	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	125	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	126	_	_	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	127	-ability	-ability	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	128	可靠性、實用性[实用性]、可理解性	可靠性、實用性[实用性]、可理解性	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	129	reliability	reliability	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	130	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	131	usability	usability	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	132	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	133	understandability	understandability	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	134	-鬼	-鬼	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	135	guǐ	guǐ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	136	usually	usually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	137	used	use	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	138	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	139	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	140	disparaging	disparage	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	141	way	way	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	142	similar	similar	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	143	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	144	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	145	aholic	aholic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	146	煙鬼、酒鬼、胆小鬼	煙鬼、酒鬼、胆小鬼	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	147	smoker	smoker	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	148	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	149	alcoholic	alcoholic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	150	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	151	coward	coward	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	152	-匠	-匠	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	153	jiàng	jiàng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	154	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	155	technician	technician	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	156	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	157	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	158	certain	certain	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	159	field	field	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	160	花匠、油漆匠、木匠	花匠、油漆匠、木匠	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	161	gardener	gardener	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	162	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	163	painter	painter	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	164	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	165	carpenter	carpenter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	166	-迷	-迷	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	167	mí	mí	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	168	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	169	enthusiast	enthusiast	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	170	戲迷[戏迷]、球迷、歌迷	戲迷[戏迷]、球迷、歌迷	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	171	theater	theater	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	172	fan	fan	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	173	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	174	sports	sport	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	175	fan	fan	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	176	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	177	groupie	groupie	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	178	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	179	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	180	musician	musician	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	181	-師	-師	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	182	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	183	师	师	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	184	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	185	shī	shī	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	186	suffix	suffix	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	187	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	188	occupations	occupation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	189	教師[教师]、厨師[厨师]、律師[律师	教師[教师]、厨師[厨师]、律師[律师	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	190	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	191	teacher	teacher	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	192	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	193	cook	cook	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	194	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	195	chef	chef	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	196	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	197	lawyer	lawyer	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	198	See	see	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	199	also[edit	also[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	200	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	201	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	202	portal	portal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	203	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	204	portal	portal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	205	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	206	dictionary	dictionary	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	207	Transcription	Transcription	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	208	into	into	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	209	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	210	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	211	Written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	212	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	213	Languages	Languages	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	214	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	215	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	216	List	List	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	217	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	218	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	219	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	220	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	221	Linguistic	Linguistic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	222	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	223	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	224	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	225	Dialects	Dialects	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	226	List	List	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	227	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	228	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	229	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	230	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	231	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	232	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	233	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	234	Notes[edit	notes[edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	235	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	236	^	^	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	237	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	238	folk	folk	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	239	etymology	etymology	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	240	deriving	derive	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	241	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	242	name	name	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	243	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	244	Mǎn	Mǎn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	245	dà	dà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	246	rén	rén	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	247	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	248	满大人	满大人	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	249	;	;	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	250	滿大人	滿大人	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	251	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	252	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	253	Manchu	Manchu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	254	big	big	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	255	man	man	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	256	'	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	257	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	258	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	259	without	without	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	260	foundation	foundation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	248	261	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	2	11	11	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	4	^	^	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	5	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	6	example	example	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	7	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	8	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	10	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	11	1950s	1950	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	13	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	14	54	54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	15	%	%	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	17	people	people	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	18	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	20	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	21	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	22	speaking	speak	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	23	area	area	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	24	could	could	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	25	understand	understand	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	26	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	27	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	29	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	30	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	31	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	32	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	33	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	34	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	35	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	249	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	2	36	36	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	4	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	5	Hence	hence	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	6	we	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	7	see	see	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	8	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	9	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	11	includes	include	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	12	within	within	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	13	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	14	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	15	unspecified	unspecified	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	16	number	number	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	18	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	20	very	very	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	21	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	23	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	24	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	25	ever	ever	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	26	been	be	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	27	reduced	reduce	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	28	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	29	writing	writing	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	31	that	that	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	32	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	33	mutually	mutually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	34	unintelligible	unintelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	250	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	3	37	37	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	4	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	5	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	7	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	8	term	term	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	9	assigned	assign	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	10	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	11	linguists	linguist	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	12	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	13	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	14	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	16	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	17	implies	imply	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	18	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	19	certain	certain	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	20	homogeneity	homogeneity	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	21	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	22	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	23	more	more	RBR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	24	likely	likely	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	25	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	26	be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	27	related	relate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	28	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	30	sociopolitical	sociopolitical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	31	context	context	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	32	than	than	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	33	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	34	linguistic	linguistic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	35	reality	reality	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	36	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	37	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	38	most	most	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	39	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	40	those	those	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	41	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	42	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	43	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	44	mutually	mutually	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	45	intelligible	intelligible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	251	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	3	38	38	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	4	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	5	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	6	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	7	speaker	speaker	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	9	only	only	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	10	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	11	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	12	might	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	13	take	take	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	14	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	15	week	week	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	16	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	17	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	18	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	19	comprehend	comprehend	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	20	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	21	simple	simple	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	22	Kunminghua	Kunminghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	23	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	24	ease	ease	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	25	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	26	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	27	then	then	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	28	only	only	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	29	if	if	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	30	willing	willing	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	31	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	32	learn	learn	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	33	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	252	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	3	39	39	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	4	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	5	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	6	without	without	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	7	prior	prior	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	8	exposure	exposure	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	10	speakers	speaker	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	12	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	14	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	15	often	often	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	16	have	have	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	17	considerable	considerable	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	18	difficulty	difficulty	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	19	understanding	understand	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	20	each	each	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	21	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	22	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	23	local	local	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	24	vernacular	vernacular	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	25	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	26	if	if	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	27	they	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	28	come	come	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	29	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	31	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	32	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	33	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	34	provided	provide	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	35	that	that	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	36	two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	37	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	38	more	more	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	39	distinct	distinct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	40	groups	group	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	41	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	42	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	43	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	44	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	45	therein	therein	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	253	46	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	1	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	2	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	3	cases	case	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	5	mutual	mutual	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	6	intelligibility	intelligibility	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	7	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	8	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	9	guaranteed	guarantee	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	10	even	even	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	11	if	if	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	14	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	15	concerned	concern	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	16	belong	belong	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	17	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	18	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	19	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	20	group	group	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	22	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	23	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	24	within	within	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	25	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	26	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	27	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	254	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	1	As	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	2	reported	report	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	3	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	4	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	5	native	native	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	6	speaker	speaker	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	9	Zhenjiang	Zhenjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	10	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	12	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	13	Jianghuai	Jianghuai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	15	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	16	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	17	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	18	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	19	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	20	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	21	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	23	Jiangsu	Jiangsu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	24	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	27	it	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	28	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	29	impossible	impossible	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	30	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	31	her	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	32	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	33	understand	understand	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	34	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	35	Nantong	Nantong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	36	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	37	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	38	another	another	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	39	Jianghuai	Jianghuai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	40	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	41	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	42	spoken	speak	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	43	around	around	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	44	140	140	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	45	kilometers	kilometer	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	46	away	away	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	47	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	48	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	49	same	same	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	50	province	province	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	51	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	255	52	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	3	40	40	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	4	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	5	^	^	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	6	Speaker	Speaker	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	7	numbers	number	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	8	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	9	rounded	round	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	12	nearest	near	JJS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	13	million	million	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	14	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	15	figures	figure	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	18	revised	revise	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	19	edition	edition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	20	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	22	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	23	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	24	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	25	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	256	26	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	1	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	2	59	59	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	4	^	^	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	5	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	6	development	development	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	7	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	8	purely	purely	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	9	due	due	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	12	preservation	preservation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	14	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	15	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	16	glide	glide	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	17	which	which	WDT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	18	later	later	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	19	became	become	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	20	/j/	/j/	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	22	triggered	trigger	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	23	patalization	patalization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	25	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	26	does	do	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	27	not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	28	indicate	indicate	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	30	absence	absence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	31	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	32	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	33	vowel	vowel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	34	merger	merger	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	257	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	1	References[edit	references[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	2	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	3	^	^	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	4	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	5	b	b	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	6	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	7	at	at	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	8	Ethnologue	Ethnologue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	10	22nd	22nd	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	11	ed	ed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	12	.	.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	14	2019	2019	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	16	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	17	台灣手語簡介	台灣手語簡介	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	19	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	20	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	21	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	22	2009	2009	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	23	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	24	^	^	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	25	Hammarström	Hammarström	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	27	Harald	Harald	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	28	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	29	Forkel	Forkel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	31	Robert	Robert	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	32	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	33	Haspelmath	Haspelmath	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	34	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	35	Martin	Martin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	36	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	37	eds	ed	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	258	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	259	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	259	2	2017	2017	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	259	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	259	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	260	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	260	2	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	260	3	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	260	4	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	260	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	261	1	Glottolog	Glottolog	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	261	2	3.0	3.0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	261	3	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	1	Jena	Jena	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	3	Germany	Germany	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	4	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	5	Max	Max	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	6	Planck	Planck	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	7	Institute	Institute	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	8	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	10	Science	Science	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	12	Human	Human	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	13	History	History	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	262	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	1	^	^	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	2	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	3	Law	Law	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	6	People	People	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	7	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	8	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	9	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	10	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	11	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	13	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	14	Spoken	Spoken	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	15	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	16	Written	Written	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	17	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	18	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	19	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	20	Order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	21	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	22	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	23	President	President	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	24	No.37	No.37	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	26	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	263	27	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	264	1	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	264	2	Government	Government	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	264	3	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	265	1	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	265	2	October	October	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	265	3	2000	2000	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	265	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	266	1	Retrieved	Retrieved	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	266	2	28	28	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	266	3	March	March	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	266	4	2017	2017	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	266	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	1	For	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	2	purposes	purpose	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	4	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	5	Law	Law	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	7	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	8	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	9	spoken	spoken	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	10	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	11	written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	12	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	13	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	14	means	mean	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	15	Putonghua	Putonghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	16	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	17	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	18	common	common	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	19	speech	speech	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	20	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	21	pronunciation	pronunciation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	22	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	23	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	24	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	25	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	26	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	27	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	28	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	29	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	30	standardized	standardized	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	31	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	32	characters	character	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	267	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	1	^	^	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	2	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	3	ROC	ROC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	4	Vital	Vital	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	5	Information	Information	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	6	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	268	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	1	Ministry	Ministry	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	2	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	3	Foreign	Foreign	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	4	Affairs	Affairs	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	6	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	8	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	10	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	269	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	270	1	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	270	2	December	December	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	270	3	2014	2014	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	270	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	271	1	Retrieved	Retrieved	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	271	2	28	28	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	271	3	March	March	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	271	4	2017	2017	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	271	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	2	General	General	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	3	Background	Background	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	6	Wa	Wa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	272	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	1	Quote	quote	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	2	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	3	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	4	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	5	official	official	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	6	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	8	designated	designate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	9	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	10	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	11	current	current	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	12	UWSP	UWSP	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	13	administration	administration	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	14	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	15	are	be	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	16	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	18	Wa	Wa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	273	20	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	1	^	^	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	2	Aung	Aung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	3	Thein	Thein	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	4	Kha	Kha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	5	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	6	Gerin	Gerin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	8	Roseanne	Roseanne	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	10	17	17	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	11	September	September	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	12	2019	2019	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	274	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	2	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	3	Myanmar	Myanmar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	4	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	5	Remote	Remote	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	6	Mongla	Mongla	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	7	Region	Region	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	10	Supplants	Supplants	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	11	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	12	Burmese	Burmese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	13	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	14	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	275	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	276	1	Radio	Radio	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	276	2	Free	Free	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	276	3	Asia	Asia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	276	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	277	1	Retrieved	retrieve	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	277	2	31	31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	277	3	May	May	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	277	4	2020	2020	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	277	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	278	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	278	2	《	《	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	278	3	人民日报》评论员文章：说普通话	人民日报》评论员文章：说普通话	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	278	4	用规范字	用规范字	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	278	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	1	www.gov.cn	www.gov.cn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	2	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	3	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	4	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	279	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	1	Retrieved	retrieved	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	2	2017	2017	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	3	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	4	07	07	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	5	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	6	26	26	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	280	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	2	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	3	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	5	Sixteenth	Sixteenth	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	6	Century	Century	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	7	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	8	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	9	Journals	Journals	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	11	Mathew	Mathew	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	12	Ricci	Ricci	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	281	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	2	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	3	mandarin	mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	4	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	6	Shorter	Shorter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	7	Oxford	Oxford	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	8	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	9	Dictionary	Dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	282	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	1	1	1	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	2	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	3	6th	6th	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	4	ed	ed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	283	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	284	1	Oxford	Oxford	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	284	2	University	University	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	284	3	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	284	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	285	1	2007	2007	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	285	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	1	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	2	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	3	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	4	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	5	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	7	19	19	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	9	920687	920687	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	10	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	11	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	286	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	2	Razfar	Razfar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	3	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	4	Rumenapp	Rumenapp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	6	2013	2013	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	11	293	293	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	287	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	2	Coblin	Coblin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	4	2000	2000	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	9	537	537	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	288	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	4	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	6	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	11	136	136	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	289	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	9	181	181	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	290	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	3	b	b	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	4	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	5	et	et	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	6	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	291	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	292	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	292	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	292	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	292	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	293	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	294	1	55–56	55–56	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	294	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	295	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	296	1	48–49	48–49	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	296	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	297	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	298	1	49–51	49–51	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	298	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	299	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	300	1	34–36	34–36	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	300	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	300	3	52–54	52–54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	300	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	301	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	302	1	49–50	49–50	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	302	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	303	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	304	1	111–132	111–132	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	304	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	9	10	10	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	305	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	2	Fourmont	Fourmont	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	4	Etienne	Etienne	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	6	1742	1742	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	306	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	1	Linguae	Linguae	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	2	Sinarum	Sinarum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	3	Mandarinicae	Mandarinicae	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	4	hieroglyphicae	hieroglyphicae	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	5	grammatica	grammatica	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	6	duplex	duplex	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	8	latinè	latinè	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	10	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	11	cum	cum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	12	characteribus	characteribus	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	13	Sinensium	Sinensium	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	307	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	2	Coblin	Coblin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	4	2000	2000	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	9	539	539	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	308	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	2	Kaske	Kaske	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	4	2008	2008	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	309	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	310	1	48–52	48–52	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	310	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	2	Coblin	Coblin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	4	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	9	353	353	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	311	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	2	Morrison	Morrison	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	4	Robert	Robert	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	6	1815	1815	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	312	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	1	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	2	dictionary	dictionary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	4	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	5	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	6	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	7	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	8	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	9	three	three	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	10	parts	part	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	12	Volume	volume	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	13	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	313	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	314	1	P.P.	P.P.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	315	1	Thoms	thom	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	315	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	1	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	2	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	3	x.	x.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	4	OCLC	OCLC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	5	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	6	680482801	680482801	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	316	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	2	Coblin	Coblin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	4	2000	2000	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	317	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	318	1	540–541	540–541	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	318	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	319	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	320	1	3–15	3–15	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	320	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	1	^	^	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	2	Chen	Chen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	4	1999	1999	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	321	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	322	1	27–28	27–28	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	322	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	2	Zhang	Zhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	3	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	4	Yang	Yang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	6	2004	2004	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	323	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	324	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	324	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	324	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	324	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	324	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	5	Map	Map	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	6	A2	A2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	325	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	326	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	327	1	183–190	183–190	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	327	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	9	22	22	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	328	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	2	Szeto	Szeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	4	Ansaldo	Ansaldo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	5	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	6	Matthews	Matthews	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	8	2018	2018	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	329	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	1	^	^	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	2	Chen	Chen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	4	1999	1999	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	9	27	27	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	330	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	2	Mair	Mair	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	4	1991	1991	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	9	18	18	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	331	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	4	Escure	Escure	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	6	1997	1997	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	11	144	144	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	332	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	4	Blum	Blum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	6	2001	2001	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	11	27	27	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	333	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	2	Szeto	Szeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	4	Ansaldo	Ansaldo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	5	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	6	Matthews	Matthews	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	8	2018	2018	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	11	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	334	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	335	1	241–242	241–242	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	335	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	2	Richards	Richards	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	4	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	336	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	337	1	138–139	138–139	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	337	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	3	b	b	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	4	c	c	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	5	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	7	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	10	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	11	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	12	21	21	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	338	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	339	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	340	1	215–216	215–216	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	340	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	4	c	c	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	5	d	d	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	6	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	8	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	11	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	12	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	13	191	191	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	341	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	342	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	343	1	36–41	36–41	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	343	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	344	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	345	1	41–42	41–42	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	345	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	9	49	49	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	346	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	347	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	348	1	53–54	53–54	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	348	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	349	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	350	1	181	181	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	350	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	350	3	191	191	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	350	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	2	Yan	Yan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	4	2006	2006	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	9	61	61	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	351	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	2	Ting	Ting	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	4	1991	1991	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	9	190	190	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	352	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	353	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	354	1	55–56	55–56	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	354	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	354	3	74–75	74–75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	354	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	9	190	190	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	355	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	356	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	357	1	41–46	41–46	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	357	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	9	55	55	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	358	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	359	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	360	1	75–76	75–76	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	360	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	2	Yan	Yan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	4	2006	2006	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	361	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	362	1	222–223	222–223	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	362	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	9	75	75	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	363	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	2	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	3	Academy	Academy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	4	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	5	Social	Social	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	6	Sciences	Sciences	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	8	2012	2012	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	11	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	12	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	13	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	364	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	365	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	365	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	365	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	365	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	365	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	5	Map	Map	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	6	B1	B1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	366	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	367	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	367	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	367	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	367	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	367	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	5	Maps	Maps	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	6	B2	B2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	8	B5	B5	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	368	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	2	张世方	张世方	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	369	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	370	1	北京官话语音研究	北京官话语音研究	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	370	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	371	1	北京语言大学出版社	北京语言大学出版社	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	371	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	372	1	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	372	2	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	372	3	45	45	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	372	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	373	1	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	373	2	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	373	3	9787561927755	9787561927755	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	373	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	374	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	374	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	374	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	374	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	374	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	5	Map	Map	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	6	B2	B2	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	375	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	376	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	376	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	376	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	376	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	376	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	5	Maps	Maps	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	6	B1	B1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	8	B3	b3	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	377	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	378	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	378	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	378	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	378	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	378	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	5	Maps	Maps	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	6	B3	B3	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	8	B4	B4	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	10	B5	B5	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	379	11	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	2	Rimsky	Rimsky	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	3	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	4	Korsakoff	Korsakoff	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	5	Dyer	Dyer	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	7	1977–78	1977–78	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	10	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	11	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	12	351	351	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	380	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	381	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	381	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	381	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	381	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	381	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	5	Maps	Maps	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	6	B4	B4	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	8	B5	B5	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	382	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	383	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	383	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	383	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	383	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	383	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	5	Map	Map	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	6	B3	B3	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	384	7	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	385	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	385	2	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	385	3	et	et	FW
en-wikipedia-org-8590	385	4	al	al	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	385	5	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	2	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	5	Maps	Maps	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	6	B4	B4	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	8	B6	B6	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	386	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	2	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	4	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	387	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	388	1	67–68	67–68	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	388	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	2	Mair	Mair	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	4	1990	1990	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	389	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	390	1	5–6	5–6	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	390	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	391	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	392	1	138–139	138–139	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	392	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	9	41	41	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	393	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	394	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	395	1	139–141	139–141	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	395	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	395	3	192–193	192–193	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	395	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	3	b	b	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	4	c	c	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	5	d	d	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	6	e	e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	7	f	f	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	8	g	g	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	9	h	h	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	10	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	12	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	15	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	16	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	17	193	193	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	396	18	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	4	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	6	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	11	192	192	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	397	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	4	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	6	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	9	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	10	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	11	194	194	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	398	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	399	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	400	1	194–196	194–196	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	400	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	401	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	402	1	194–195	194–195	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	402	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	2	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	3	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	4	c	c	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	5	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	7	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	10	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	11	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	12	195	195	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	403	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	2	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	3	Rong	Rong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	4	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	5	1985	1985	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	6	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	7	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	8	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	9	classification	classification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	11	quoted	quote	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	13	Yan	Yan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	15	2006	2006	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	16	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	18	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	19	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	20	61	61	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	22	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	23	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	24	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	27	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	28	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	29	89	89	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	404	30	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	405	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	406	1	195–196	195–196	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	406	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	407	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	408	1	182	182	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	408	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	408	3	195–196	195–196	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	408	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	2	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	4	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	409	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	410	1	36–38	36–38	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	410	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	3	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	4	Jerry	Jerry	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	5	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	6	Mei	Mei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	8	Tsu	Tsu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	9	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	10	lin	lin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	12	1976	1976	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	411	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	1	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	2	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	3	Austroasiatics	Austroasiatics	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	4	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	5	ancient	ancient	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	6	South	South	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	7	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	8	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	9	some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	10	lexical	lexical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	11	evidence	evidence	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	12	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	412	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	413	1	Monumenta	Monumenta	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	413	2	Serica	Serica	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	413	3	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	414	1	32	32	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	414	2	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	414	3	274–301	274–301	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	414	4	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	415	1	doi:10.1080/02549948.1976.11731121	doi:10.1080/02549948.1976.11731121	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	415	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	9	10	10	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	416	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	9	162	162	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	417	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	2	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	4	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	418	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	419	1	105–106	105–106	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	419	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	2	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	4	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	420	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	421	1	90–93	90–93	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	421	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	1	^	^	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	2	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	4	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	7	p.	p.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	8	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	9	196	196	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	422	10	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	1	^	^	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	2	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	4	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	7	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	423	8	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	424	1	113–115	113–115	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	424	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	1	Works	work	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	2	cited	cite	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	3	Blum	Blum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	5	Susan	Susan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	6	Debra	Debra	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	8	2001	2001	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	11	Portraits	portrait	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	12	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	13	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	14	primitives	primitive	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	16	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	17	Ordering	order	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	18	human	human	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	19	kinds	kind	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	22	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	23	nation	nation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	25	Rowman	Rowman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	26	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	27	Littlefield	Littlefield	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	29	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	30	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	31	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	33	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	34	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	35	7425	7425	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	36	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	37	0092	0092	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	38	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	39	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	425	40	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	1	Chen	Chen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	3	Ping	Ping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	5	1999	1999	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	8	Modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	9	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	10	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	11	History	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	12	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	13	sociolinguistics	sociolinguistic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	15	New	New	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	16	York	York	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	17	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	18	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	19	University	University	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	20	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	22	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	23	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	24	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	25	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	26	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	27	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	28	521	521	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	29	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	30	64572	64572	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	31	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	32	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	426	33	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	1	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	2	Academy	Academy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	3	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	4	Social	Social	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	5	Sciences	Sciences	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	7	2012	2012	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	10	Zhōngguó	Zhōngguó	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	11	yǔyán	yǔyán	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	12	dìtú	dìtú	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	13	jí	jí	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	14	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	15	dì	dì	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	16	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	17	bǎn	bǎn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	18	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	19	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	20	Hànyǔ	Hànyǔ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	21	fāngyán	fāngyán	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	22	juǎn	juǎn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	23	中国语言地图集(第2版):汉语方言卷	中国语言地图集(第2版):汉语方言卷	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	24	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	25	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	26	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	28	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	29	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	30	2nd	2nd	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	31	edition	edition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	32	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	33	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	34	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	35	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	36	volume	volume	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	37	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	38	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	39	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	40	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	41	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	42	Commercial	Commercial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	43	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	44	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	45	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	46	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	47	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	48	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	49	7	7	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	50	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	51	100	100	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	52	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	53	07054	07054	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	54	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	55	6	6	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	427	56	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	1	Coblin	Coblin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	3	W.	W.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	4	South	South	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	6	2000	2000	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	9	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	10	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	11	brief	brief	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	12	history	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	17	Journal	Journal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	19	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	20	American	American	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	21	Oriental	Oriental	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	22	Society	Society	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	24	120	120	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	25	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	26	4	4	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	27	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	28	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	29	537–552	537–552	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	31	doi:10.2307/606615	doi:10.2307/606615	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	33	JSTOR	JSTOR	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	34	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	35	606615	606615	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	428	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	1	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	2	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	3	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	5	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	8	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	9	Robert	Robert	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	10	Morrison	Morrison	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	11	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	13	Phonology	Phonology	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	14	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	15	Mid	Mid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	16	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	17	Qīng	Qīng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	18	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	19	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	20	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	21	Journal	Journal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	23	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	24	Royal	Royal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	25	Asiatic	Asiatic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	26	Society	Society	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	27	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	28	Great	Great	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	29	Britain	Britain	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	30	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	31	Ireland	Ireland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	33	13	13	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	34	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	35	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	36	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	37	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	38	339–355	339–355	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	39	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	40	doi:10.1017	doi:10.1017	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	41	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	42	S1356186303003134	S1356186303003134	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	429	43	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	1	Escure	escure	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	3	Geneviève	Geneviève	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	5	1997	1997	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	8	Creole	Creole	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	9	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	10	dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	11	continua	continua	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	12	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	13	standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	14	acquisition	acquisition	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	15	processes	process	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	17	Belize	Belize	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	18	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	19	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	20	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	21	PRC	PRC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	22	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	24	John	John	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	25	Benjamins	Benjamins	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	27	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	28	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	29	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	30	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	31	90	90	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	33	272	272	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	34	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	35	5240	5240	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	36	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	37	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	430	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	1	Kaske	Kaske	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	3	Elisabeth	Elisabeth	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	5	2008	2008	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	8	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	9	politics	politic	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	11	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	13	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	14	education	education	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	16	1895–1919	1895–1919	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	18	BRILL	BRILL	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	20	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	21	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	22	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	23	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	24	90	90	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	25	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	26	04	04	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	27	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	28	16367	16367	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	29	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	30	6	6	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	431	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	1	Kurpaska	Kurpaska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	3	Maria	Maria	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	5	2010	2010	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	8	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	9	Language(s	language(s	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	11	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	12	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	13	Look	look	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	14	Through	through	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	16	Prism	prism	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	18	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	19	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	20	Great	Great	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	21	Dictionary	Dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	22	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	23	Modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	24	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	25	Dialects	Dialects	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	26	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	28	Walter	Walter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	29	de	de	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	30	Gruyter	Gruyter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	31	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	32	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	33	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	34	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	35	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	36	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	37	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	38	11	11	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	39	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	40	021914	021914	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	41	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	42	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	432	43	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	1	Mair	Mair	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	3	Victor	Victor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	4	H.	H.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	6	1990	1990	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	9	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	10	Who	who	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	11	were	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	13	Gyámi	Gyámi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	14	?	?	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	433	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	2	PDF	PDF	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	5	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	7	Platonic	platonic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	8	Papers	Papers	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	10	18	18	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	12	b	b	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	14	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	15	1–8	1–8	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	434	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	1	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	2	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	3	—	—	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	5	1991	1991	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	8	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	9	What	what	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	10	Is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	11	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	12	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	13	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	14	Dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	15	/	/	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	16	Topolect	topolect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	17	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	435	18	?	?	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	1	Reflections	reflection	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	2	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	3	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	4	Key	key	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	5	Sino	Sino	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	7	English	english	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	8	Linguistic	linguistic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	9	terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	11	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	12	PDF	PDF	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	15	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	16	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	17	Platonic	platonic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	18	Papers	Papers	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	19	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	20	29	29	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	21	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	22	1–31	1–31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	24	archived	archive	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	25	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	26	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	27	original	original	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	28	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	29	PDF	PDF	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	30	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	31	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	32	2018	2018	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	33	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	34	05	05	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	35	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	36	10	10	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	37	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	38	retrieved	retrieve	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	39	2013	2013	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	40	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	41	11	11	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	42	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	43	16	16	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	436	44	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	1	Norman	Norman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	3	Jerry	Jerry	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	5	1988	1988	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	8	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	10	Cambridge	Cambridge	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	11	University	University	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	12	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	14	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	15	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	16	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	17	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	18	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	19	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	20	521	521	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	21	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	22	29653	29653	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	23	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	24	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	437	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	1	Ramsey	Ramsey	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	3	S.	S.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	4	Robert	Robert	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	6	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	9	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	10	Languages	Languages	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	12	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	14	Princeton	Princeton	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	15	University	University	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	16	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	18	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	19	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	20	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	21	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	22	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	23	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	24	691	691	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	25	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	26	01468	01468	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	27	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	28	5	5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	438	29	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	1	Razfar	Razfar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	3	Aria	Aria	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	4	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	5	Rumenapp	Rumenapp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	7	Joseph	Joseph	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	8	C.	C.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	10	2013	2013	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	13	Applying	Applying	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	14	Linguistics	Linguistics	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	15	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	16	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	17	Classroom	classroom	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	18	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	19	A	A	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	20	Sociocultural	Sociocultural	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	21	Approach	Approach	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	23	Routledge	Routledge	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	25	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	26	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	27	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	28	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	29	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	30	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	31	136	136	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	33	21205	21205	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	34	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	35	5	5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	439	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	1	Richards	Richards	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	3	John	John	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	4	F.	F.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	6	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	9	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	10	unending	unending	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	11	frontier	frontier	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	12	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	13	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	14	environmental	environmental	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	15	history	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	16	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	18	early	early	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	19	modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	20	world	world	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	22	University	University	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	24	California	California	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	25	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	27	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	28	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	29	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	30	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	31	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	33	520	520	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	34	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	35	23075	23075	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	36	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	37	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	440	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	1	Rimsky	Rimsky	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	2	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	3	Korsakoff	Korsakoff	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	4	Dyer	Dyer	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	6	Svetlana	Svetlana	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	8	1977–78	1977–78	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	11	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	12	Soviet	soviet	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	13	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	14	nationalism	nationalism	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	15	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	16	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	17	few	few	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	18	comments	comment	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	19	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	20	their	-PRON-	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	21	origin	origin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	22	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	23	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	24	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	26	Monumenta	Monumenta	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	27	Serica	Serica	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	29	33	33	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	30	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	31	349–362	349–362	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	33	doi:10.1080/02549948.1977.11745054	doi:10.1080/02549948.1977.11745054	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	34	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	35	JSTOR	JSTOR	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	36	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	37	40726247	40726247	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	441	38	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	1	Szeto	Szeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	3	Pui	Pui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	4	Yiu	Yiu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	5	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	6	Ansaldo	Ansaldo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	8	Umberto	Umberto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	9	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	10	Matthews	Matthews	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	12	Stephen	Stephen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	13	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	14	2018	2018	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	15	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	17	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	18	Typological	typological	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	19	variation	variation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	20	across	across	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	21	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	22	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	23	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	24	An	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	25	areal	areal	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	26	perspective	perspective	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	27	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	28	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	29	quantitative	quantitative	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	30	approach	approach	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	31	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	32	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	33	Linguistic	Linguistic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	34	Typology	Typology	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	35	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	36	22	22	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	37	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	38	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	39	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	40	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	41	233–275	233–275	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	42	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	43	doi:10.1515	doi:10.1515	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	44	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	45	lingty-2018	lingty-2018	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	46	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	47	0009	0009	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	442	48	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	1	Ting	Ting	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	3	Pang	Pang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	4	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	5	Hsin	Hsin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	7	1991	1991	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	10	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	11	Some	some	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	12	theoretical	theoretical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	13	issues	issue	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	14	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	15	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	16	study	study	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	17	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	18	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	19	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	20	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	22	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	23	Wang	Wang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	25	William	William	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	26	S	S	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	27	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	443	28	Y.	Y.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	444	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	444	2	ed	ed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	444	3	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	1	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	3	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	4	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	5	Dialects	Dialects	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	6	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	7	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	9	Journal	Journal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	12	Linguistics	Linguistics	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	13	Monograph	Monograph	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	14	Series	Series	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	16	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	18	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	445	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	1	185–234	185–234	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	3	JSTOR	JSTOR	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	4	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	5	23827039	23827039	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	446	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	1	Wurm	Wurm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	3	Stephen	Stephen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	4	Adolphe	Adolphe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	5	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	6	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	8	Rong	Rong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	9	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	10	Baumann	Baumann	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	12	Theo	Theo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	13	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	14	Lee	Lee	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	16	Mei	Mei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	17	W.	W.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	19	1987	1987	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	20	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	22	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	23	Atlas	Atlas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	24	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	25	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	26	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	27	Longman	Longman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	29	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	30	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	31	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	33	962	962	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	34	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	35	359	359	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	36	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	37	085	085	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	38	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	39	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	447	40	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	1	Yan	Yan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	3	Margaret	Margaret	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	4	Mian	Mian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	6	2006	2006	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	9	Introduction	introduction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	12	Dialectology	Dialectology	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	14	LINCOM	LINCOM	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	15	Europa	Europa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	17	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	18	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	19	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	20	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	21	3	3	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	22	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	23	89586	89586	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	24	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	25	629	629	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	26	-	-	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	27	6	6	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	448	28	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	449	1	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	449	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	449	3	Anne	Anne	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	449	4	O.	O.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	2	2003	2003	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	5	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	6	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	7	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	8	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	9	grammar	grammar	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	10	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	12	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	13	Thurgood	Thurgood	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	15	Graham	Graham	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	16	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	17	LaPolla	LaPolla	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	19	Randy	Randy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	450	20	J.	J.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	451	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	451	2	eds	eds	PRP$
en-wikipedia-org-8590	451	3	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	1	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	3	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	4	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	5	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	6	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	7	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	9	Routledge	Routledge	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	10	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	11	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	452	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	1	84–125	84–125	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	3	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	4	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	5	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	7	0	0	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	9	7007	7007	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	10	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	11	1129	1129	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	12	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	13	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	453	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	1	Zhang	Zhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	3	Bennan	Bennan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	4	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	5	Yang	Yang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	6	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	7	Robin	Robin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	8	R.	R.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	10	2004	2004	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	13	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	14	Putonghua	Putonghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	15	education	education	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	16	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	17	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	18	policy	policy	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	19	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	20	postcolonial	postcolonial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	21	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	22	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	23	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	25	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	26	Zhou	Zhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	28	Minglang	Minglang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	29	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	30	ed	ed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	454	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	1	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	3	Language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	4	policy	policy	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	5	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	6	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	7	People	People	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	8	's	's	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	9	Republic	Republic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	10	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	11	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	12	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	13	theory	theory	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	14	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	15	practice	practice	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	16	since	since	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	17	1949	1949	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	19	Kluwer	Kluwer	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	20	Academic	Academic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	21	Publishers	Publishers	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	22	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	23	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	455	24	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	1	143–161	143–161	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	3	ISBN	ISBN	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	4	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	5	978	978	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	6	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	7	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	8	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	9	4020	4020	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	10	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	11	8038	8038	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	12	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	13	8	8	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	456	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	1	Further	further	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	2	reading[edit	reading[edit	LS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	4	Baxter	Baxter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	6	William	William	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	7	H.	H.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	8	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	9	2006	2006	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	10	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	12	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	14	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	15	phylogeny	phylogeny	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	16	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	17	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	18	Cahiers	Cahiers	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	19	de	de	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	20	Linguistique	Linguistique	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	21	Asie	Asie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	22	Orientale	Orientale	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	23	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	24	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	25	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	26	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	27	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	28	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	29	71–114	71–114	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	31	doi:10.3406	doi:10.3406	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	32	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	33	clao.2006.1748	clao.2006.1748	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	457	34	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	1	Dwyer	Dwyer	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	3	Arienne	Arienne	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	4	M.	M.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	6	1995	1995	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	9	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	10	From	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	12	Northwest	Northwest	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	13	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	14	Sprachbund	Sprachbund	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	15	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	16	Xúnhuà	Xúnhuà	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	17	Chinese	Chinese	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	18	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	19	data	datum	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	20	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	22	Yuen	Yuen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	23	Ren	Ren	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	24	Society	Society	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	25	Treasury	Treasury	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	26	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	27	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	28	Dialect	Dialect	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	29	Data	Data	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	30	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	31	1	1	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	32	:	:	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	33	143–182	143–182	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	34	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	35	hdl:1808/7090	hdl:1808/7090	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	458	36	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	1	Novotná	Novotná	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	3	Zdenka	Zdenka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	5	1967	1967	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	8	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	9	Contributions	contribution	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	10	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	11	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	12	Study	Study	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	14	Loan	Loan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	15	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	16	Words	Words	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	17	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	18	Hybrid	Hybrid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	19	Words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	20	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	21	Modern	modern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	22	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	23	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	25	Archiv	Archiv	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	26	Orientální	Orientální	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	27	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	28	35	35	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	29	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	30	613–649	613–649	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	459	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	1	Shen	Shen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	2	Zhongwei	Zhongwei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	4	沈钟伟	沈钟伟	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	6	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	7	2011	2011	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	8	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	10	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	11	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	12	origin	origin	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	14	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	15	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	16	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	17	Journal	Journal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	18	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	19	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	20	Linguistics	Linguistics	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	22	39	39	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	23	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	24	2	2	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	25	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	26	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	27	1–31	1–31	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	28	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	29	JSTOR	JSTOR	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	30	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	31	23754434	23754434	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	460	32	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	1	Chen	Chen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	2	Zhangtai	Zhangtai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	3	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	4	陈章太	陈章太	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	5	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	6	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	7	Li	Li	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	8	Xingjian	Xingjian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	10	李行健	李行健	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	12	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	13	1996	1996	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	14	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	461	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	1	普通话基础方言基本词汇集	普通话基础方言基本词汇集	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	4	basic	basic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	5	dialects	dialect	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	6	basic	basic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	7	words	word	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	8	collection	collection	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	9	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	10	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	11	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	12	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	13	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	462	14	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	1	语文出版社	语文出版社	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	2	[	[	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	3	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	4	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	5	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	463	6	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	464	1	pp	pp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	464	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	465	1	1–5	1–5	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	465	2	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	1	Historical	historical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	2	Western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	3	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	4	texts[edit	texts[edit	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	5	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	6	Balfour	Balfour	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	8	Frederic	Frederic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	9	Henry	Henry	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	10	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	11	1883	1883	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	12	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	14	Idiomatic	Idiomatic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	15	Dialogues	Dialogues	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	16	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	17	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	18	Peking	Peking	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	19	Colloquial	Colloquial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	20	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	21	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	22	Use	Use	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	24	Student	Student	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	25	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	26	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	27	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	28	Offices	office	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	29	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	30	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	31	North	North	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	32	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	33	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	34	Herald	Herald	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	466	35	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	1	Grainger	Grainger	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	3	Adam	Adam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	5	1900	1900	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	8	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	10	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	11	or	or	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	12	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	13	spoken	spoken	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	14	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	15	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	16	western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	17	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	19	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	20	syllabic	syllabic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	21	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	22	English	english	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	23	indexes	index	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	24	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	25	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	26	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	27	American	American	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	28	Presbyterian	Presbyterian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	29	Mission	Mission	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	30	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	467	31	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	1	MacGillivray	MacGillivray	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	3	Donald	Donald	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	4	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	5	1905	1905	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	8	A	A	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	10	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	11	Romanized	romanize	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	12	dictionary	dictionary	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	13	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	14	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	15	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	16	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	17	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	18	Presbyterian	Presbyterian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	19	Mission	Mission	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	20	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	468	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	1	Mateer	Mateer	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	3	Calvin	Calvin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	4	Wilson	Wilson	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	5	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	6	1906	1906	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	7	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	8	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	9	A	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	10	course	course	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	12	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	13	lessons	lesson	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	15	based	base	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	16	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	17	idiom	idiom	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	18	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	19	revised	revised	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	20	2nd	2nd	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	21	ed	ed	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	469	22	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	1	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	3	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	4	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	5	American	American	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	6	Presbyterian	Presbyterian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	7	Mission	Mission	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	8	Press	Press	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	470	9	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	471	1	Meigs	Meigs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	471	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	471	3	F.E.	F.E.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	2	1904	1904	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	5	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	6	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	7	System	System	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	10	Romanization	Romanization	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	11	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	12	Introduction	introduction	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	14	Sound	Sound	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	15	Table	table	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	16	an	an	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	17	Syllabary	Syllabary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	18	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	19	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	20	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	21	Educational	Educational	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	22	Association	Association	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	23	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	24	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	472	25	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	473	1	Meigs	Meigs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	473	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	473	3	F.E.	F.E.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	2	1905	1905	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	5	The	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	6	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	7	System	System	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	8	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	9	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	10	Romanization	Romanization	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	11	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	12	Radical	Radical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	13	Index	Index	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	14	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	15	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	16	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	17	Educational	Educational	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	18	Association	Association	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	19	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	20	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	474	21	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	1	Stent	Stent	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	3	George	George	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	4	Carter	Carter	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	5	;	;	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	6	Hemeling	Hemeling	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	8	Karl	Karl	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	9	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	10	1905	1905	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	11	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	12	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	13	A	A	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	14	Dictionary	Dictionary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	15	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	16	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	17	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	18	Colloquial	Colloquial	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	19	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	20	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	21	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	22	Shanghai	Shanghai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	23	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	24	Statistical	Statistical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	25	Department	Department	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	26	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	27	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	28	Inspectorate	Inspectorate	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	29	General	General	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	30	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	31	Customs	Customs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	475	32	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	476	1	Whymant	whymant	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	476	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	476	3	A.	a.	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	476	4	Neville	Neville	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	476	5	J.	J.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	2	1922	1922	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	3	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	4	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	5	Colloquial	colloquial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	6	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	7	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	8	northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	9	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	10	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	11	2nd	2nd	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	12	ed	ed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	477	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	1	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	2	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	3	London	London	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	4	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	5	Kegan	Kegan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	6	Paul	Paul	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	7	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	8	Trench	Trench	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	9	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	10	Trubner	Trubner	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	11	&	&	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	12	Company	Company	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	478	13	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	1	External	external	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	2	links[edit	links[edit	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	3	]	]	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	4	Wikimedia	Wikimedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	5	Commons	Commons	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	6	has	have	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	7	media	medium	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	8	related	relate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	9	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	10	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	11	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	479	12	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	1	Tones	Tones	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	2	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	3	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	4	Dialects	Dialects	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	5	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	6	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	7	Comprehensive	comprehensive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	8	tone	tone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	9	comparison	comparison	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	10	charts	chart	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	11	for	for	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	12	523	523	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	13	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	14	dialects	dialect	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	480	15	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2	Compiled	compile	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	3	by	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	4	James	James	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	5	Campbell	Campbell	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	6	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	7	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	8	Internet	internet	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	9	Archive	Archive	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	10	mirror	mirror	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	11	v	v	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	12	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	13	e	e	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	14	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	15	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	16	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	17	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	18	Sinitic	sinitic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	19	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	20	Middle	middle	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	21	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	22	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	23	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	24	Harbin	Harbin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	25	Shenyang	Shenyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	26	Taz	Taz	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	27	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	28	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	29	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	30	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	31	Singaporean	Singaporean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	32	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	33	Malaysian	Malaysian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	34	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	35	Philippine	Philippine	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	36	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	37	Sichuanese	Sichuanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	38	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	39	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	40	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	41	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	42	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	43	Jinan	Jinan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	44	Jiao	Jiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	45	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	46	Liao	Liao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	47	Dalian	Dalian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	48	Qingdao	Qingdao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	49	Weihai	Weihai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	50	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	51	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	52	Gangou	Gangou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	53	Guanzhong	Guanzhong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	54	Luoyang	Luoyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	55	Xuzhou	Xuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	56	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	57	Dongping	Dongping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	58	Lan	Lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	59	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	60	Yin	Yin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	61	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	62	Sichuanese	Sichuanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	63	Minjiang	Minjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	64	Kunming	Kunming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	65	Wuhan	Wuhan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	66	Wuming	Wuming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	67	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	68	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	69	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	70	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	71	Nanping	Nanping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	72	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	73	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	74	Zhangjiakou	Zhangjiakou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	75	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	76	Hohhot	Hohhot	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	77	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	78	Taihu	Taihu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	79	Shanghainese	shanghainese	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	80	Suzhou	Suzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	81	Wuxi	Wuxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	82	Changzhou	Changzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	83	Hangzhou	Hangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	84	Shaoxing	Shaoxing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	85	Ningbo	Ningbo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	86	Jinxiang	Jinxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	87	Jiangyin	Jiangyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	88	Shadi	Shadi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	89	Taizhou	Taizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	90	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	91	Taizhou	Taizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	92	Tiantai	Tiantai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	93	Oujiang	Oujiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	94	Wenzhou	Wenzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	95	Wuzhou	Wuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	96	Jinhua	Jinhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	97	Chu	Chu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	98	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	99	Qu	Qu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	100	Quzhou	Quzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	101	Jiangshan	Jiangshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	102	Qingtian	Qingtian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	103	Xuanzhou	Xuanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	104	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	105	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	106	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	107	Chang	Chang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	108	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	109	Du	Du	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	110	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	111	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	112	Liu	Liu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	113	Ying	Ying	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	114	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	115	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	116	Da	Da	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	117	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	118	Tong	Tong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	119	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	120	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	121	Hunanese	Hunanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	122	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	123	Changyi	Changyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	124	Changsha	Changsha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	125	Loushao	Loushao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	126	Shuangfeng	Shuangfeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	127	Xiangxiang	Xiangxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	128	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	129	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	130	Xu	Xu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	131	Yong	Yong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	132	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	133	Quan	Quan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	134	Qiyang	Qiyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	135	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	136	Meixian	meixian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	137	Wuhua	Wuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	138	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	139	Tingzhou	Tingzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	140	Changting	changte	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	141	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	142	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	143	Sixian	sixian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	144	Hailu	Hailu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	145	Raoping	Raoping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	146	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	147	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	148	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	149	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	150	Yuehai	Yuehai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	151	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	152	Xiguan	Xiguan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	153	Jiujiang	Jiujiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	154	Shiqi	Shiqi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	155	Weitou	Weitou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	156	Dapeng	Dapeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	157	Gao	Gao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	158	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	159	Yang	Yang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	160	Siyi	Siyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	161	Taishan	Taishan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	162	Goulou	Goulou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	163	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	164	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	165	Hua	Hua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	166	Yong	Yong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	167	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	168	Xun	Xun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	169	Luo	Luo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	170	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	171	Guang	Guang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	172	Qin	Qin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	173	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	174	Lian	Lian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	175	Pinghua	Pinghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	176	Pinghua	Pinghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	177	unclassified	unclassifie	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	178	Badong	Badong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	179	Yao	Yao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	180	Danzhou	Danzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	181	Junjiahua	Junjiahua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	182	Mai	Mai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	183	Shaozhou	Shaozhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	184	Tuhua	Tuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	185	Shehua	Shehua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	186	Waxiang	Waxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	187	Xiangnan	Xiangnan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	188	Tuhua	Tuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	189	Yeheni	Yeheni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	190	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	191	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	192	Fuzhou	Fuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	193	Fuqing	fuqe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	194	Fu'an	Fu'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	195	Manjiang	Manjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	196	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	197	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	198	Quanzhou	Quanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	199	Zhangzhou	Zhangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	200	Amoy	Amoy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	201	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	202	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	203	Philippine	Philippine	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	204	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	205	Medan	Medan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	206	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	207	Penang	Penang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	208	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	209	Singaporean	Singaporean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	210	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	211	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	212	Peninsular	Peninsular	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	213	Malaysian	Malaysian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	214	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	215	Zhenan	Zhenan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	216	Longyan	Longyan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	217	Chaoshan	Chaoshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	218	Teochew	Teochew	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	219	Shantou	Shantou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	220	Haifeng	Haifeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	221	Zhongshan	Zhongshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	222	Nanlang	Nanlang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	223	Sanxiang	Sanxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	224	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	225	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	226	Jian'ou	Jian'ou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	227	Jianyang	Jianyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	228	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	229	Pu	Pu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	230	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	231	Xian	Xian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	232	Shao	Shao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	233	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	234	Jiang	Jiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	235	Leizhou	Leizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	236	Zhanjiang	Zhanjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	237	Hainan	Hainan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	238	Greater	Greater	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	239	Bai	Bai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	240	Bai	Bai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	241	Caijia	Caijia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	242	Longjia	Longjia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	243	Luren	Luren	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	244	Karenic	karenic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	245	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	246	Pa'O	Pa'O	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	247	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	248	Kayah	Kayah	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	249	Kayah	Kayah	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	250	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	251	Karenni	Karenni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	252	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	253	Kayan	Kayan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	254	Padaung	Padaung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	255	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	256	Kayan	Kayan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	257	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	258	Geko	Geko	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	259	Lahta	Lahta	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	260	Kayaw	Kayaw	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	261	Kayaw	Kayaw	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	262	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	263	Bwe	Bwe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	264	Bwe	Bwe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	265	Geba	Geba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	266	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	267	S'gaw	S'gaw	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	268	S'gaw	S'gaw	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	269	Pwo	Pwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	270	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	271	Pwo	Pwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	272	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	273	Phlong	Phlong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	274	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	275	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	276	Pwo	pwo	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	277	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	278	Pwo	Pwo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	279	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	280	Phlou	Phlou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	281	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	282	Phrae	Phrae	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	283	Kuki	Kuki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	284	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	285	Chin	Chin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	286	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	287	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	288	Kuki	Kuki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	289	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	290	Chin	Chin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	291	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	292	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	293	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	294	Northwestern	Northwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	295	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	296	Aimol	Aimol	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	297	Anal	Anal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	298	Chiru	Chiru	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	299	Chothe	Chothe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	300	Kharam	Kharam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	301	Koireng	Koireng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	302	Kom	Kom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	303	Lamkang	Lamkang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	304	Monsang	Monsang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	305	Moyon	Moyon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	306	Purum	Purum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	307	Tarao	tarao	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	308	Ranglong	Ranglong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	309	Sorbung	Sorbung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	310	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	311	Thadou	Thadou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	312	Tedim	Tedim	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	313	Paite	Paite	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	314	Gangte	Gangte	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	315	Simte	Simte	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	316	Sizang	Sizang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	317	Vaiphei	Vaiphei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	318	Zo	zo	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	319	Ngawn	Ngawn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	320	Ralte	Ralte	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	321	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	322	Mizo	Mizo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	323	Hmar	Hmar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	324	Biate	Biate	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	325	Hrangkhol	Hrangkhol	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	326	Sakachep	Sakachep	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	327	Hakha	Hakha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	328	Falam	Falam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	329	Bawm	Bawm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	330	Tawr	Tawr	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	331	Pangkhu	Pangkhu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	332	Saihriem	saihriem	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	333	Darlong	Darlong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	334	Maraic	Maraic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	335	Mara	Mara	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	336	Lautu	Lautu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	337	Zyphe	Zyphe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	338	Senthang	Senthang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	339	Zotung	Zotung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	340	Khomic	Khomic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	341	Khumi	Khumi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	342	Mro	Mro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	343	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	344	Khimi	Khimi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	345	Rengmitca	Rengmitca	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	346	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	347	Shö	Shö	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	348	Thaiphum	Thaiphum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	349	Daai	Daai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	350	Mün	Mün	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	351	Nga	Nga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	352	La	La	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	353	Welaung	Welaung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	354	Kaang	Kaang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	355	Laitu	Laitu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	356	Ekai	Ekai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	357	Rungtu	Rungtu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	358	Songlai	Songlai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	359	Sumtu	Sumtu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	360	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	361	Ao	Ao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	362	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	363	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	364	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	365	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	366	Chungli	Chungli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	367	Ao	Ao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	368	Mongsen	Mongsen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	369	Ao	Ao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	370	Long	Long	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	371	Phuri	Phuri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	372	Para	Para	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	373	Sangtam	Sangtam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	374	Yimchungrü	Yimchungrü	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	375	Lotha	Lotha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	376	Makury	Makury	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	377	Angami	Angami	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	378	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	379	Pochuri	Pochuri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	380	Angami	Angami	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	381	Chokri	Chokri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	382	Kheza	Kheza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	383	Sopvoma	Sopvoma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	384	Poula	Poula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	385	Pochuri	Pochuri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	386	Ntenyi	Ntenyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	387	Rengma	Rengma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	388	Sümi	Sümi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	389	Tangkhulic	Tangkhulic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	390	Tangkhul	Tangkhul	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	391	Somra	Somra	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	392	Akyaung	Akyaung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	393	Ari	Ari	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	394	Kachai	Kachai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	395	Huishu	Huishu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	396	Champhung	Champhung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	397	Tusom	Tusom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	398	Koki	Koki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	399	Maring	Maring	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	400	Zemeic	Zemeic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	401	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	402	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	403	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	404	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	405	Zeme	Zeme	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	406	Liangmai	Liangmai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	407	Rongmei	Rongmei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	408	Mzieme	Mzieme	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	409	Inpui	Inpui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	410	Khoirao	Khoirao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	411	Maram	Maram	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	412	Meitei	Meitei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	413	Meitei	Meitei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	414	Karbic	Karbic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	415	Karbi	Karbi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	416	Amri	Amri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	417	Mruic	Mruic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	418	Mru	Mru	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	419	Hkongso	Hkongso	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	420	Sal	Sal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	421	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	422	Brahmaputran	Brahmaputran	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	423	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	424	Boro	Boro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	425	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	426	Garo	Garo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	427	Boroic	Boroic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	428	Bodo	Bodo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	429	Dimasa	Dimasa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	430	Kokborok	Kokborok	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	431	Tiwa	Tiwa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	432	Barman	Barman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	433	Kachari	Kachari	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	434	Garo	Garo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	435	Garo	Garo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	436	Megam	Megam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	437	Kochic	Kochic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	438	Koch	Koch	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	439	Rabha	Rabha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	440	Atong	Atong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	441	Ruga	Ruga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	442	Deori	Deori	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	443	Deori	deori	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	444	Moran	Moran	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	445	Konyak	Konyak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	446	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	447	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	448	Naga	Naga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	449	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	450	Konyak	Konyak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	451	Konyak	Konyak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	452	Chang	Chang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	453	Wancho	Wancho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	454	Phom	Phom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	455	Khiamniungan	Khiamniungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	456	Leinong	Leinong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	457	Makyam	Makyam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	458	Ponyo	Ponyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	459	Tangsa	Tangsa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	460	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	461	Nocte	Nocte	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	462	Tangsa	Tangsa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	463	Nocte	Nocte	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	464	Tutsa	Tutsa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	465	Jingpho	Jingpho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	466	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	467	Luish	Luish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	468	Jingpho	Jingpho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	469	Jingpho	Jingpho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	470	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	471	Kachin	Kachin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	472	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	473	Singpho	Singpho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	474	Luish	Luish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	475	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	476	Asakian	Asakian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	477	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	478	Sak	Sak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	479	Kadu	Kadu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	480	Ganan	Ganan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	481	Chairel	Chairel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	482	Sengmai	Sengmai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	483	Andro	Andro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	484	Greater	Greater	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	485	Siangic	Siangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	486	Tani	Tani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	487	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	488	Bori	Bori	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	489	Siang	Siang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	490	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	491	Adi	Adi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	492	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	493	Mising	mising	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	494	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	495	Plains	Plains	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	496	Miri	Miri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	497	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	498	Bokar	Bokar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	499	Western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	500	Apatani	Apatani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	501	Damu	Damu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	502	Tangam	Tangam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	503	Bangni	Bangni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	504	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	505	Tagin	Tagin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	506	Na	Na	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	507	Nishi	Nishi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	508	Hill	Hill	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	509	Miri	Miri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	510	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	511	Sarak	Sarak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	512	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	513	Yano	Yano	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	514	Gallong	Gallong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	515	Digaro	Digaro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	516	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	517	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	518	Mishmi	Mishmi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	519	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	520	Idu	Idu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	521	Digaro	Digaro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	522	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	523	Taraon	Taraon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	524	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	525	Siangic	Siangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	526	Koro	Koro	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	527	Milang	Milang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	528	Himalayish	Himalayish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	529	Greater	Greater	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	530	Magaric	Magaric	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	531	Magaric	Magaric	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	532	Magar	Magar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	533	Kham	Kham	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	534	Chepangic	Chepangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	535	Chepang	Chepang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	536	Bhujel	Bhujel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	537	Raji	Raji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	538	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	539	Raute	Raute	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	540	Raji	Raji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	541	Raute	Raute	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	542	Rawat	Rawat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	543	Dura	Dura	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	544	Dura	Dura	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	545	Tandrange	Tandrange	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	546	Newaric	Newaric	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	547	Newar	Newar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	548	Newar	Newar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	549	Baram	Baram	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	550	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	551	Thangmi	Thangmi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	552	Baram	Baram	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	553	Thangmi	Thangmi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	554	Kiranti	Kiranti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	555	Limbu	Limbu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	556	Limbu	Limbu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	557	Western	western	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	558	Thulung	Thulung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	559	Wambule	Wambule	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	560	Jerung	Jerung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	561	Khaling	Khaling	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	562	Dumi	Dumi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	563	Koi	Koi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	564	Bahing	bahe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	565	Sunwar	Sunwar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	566	Vayu	Vayu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	567	Tilung	Tilung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	568	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	569	Kulung	Kulung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	570	Nachhiring	Nachhiring	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	571	Sampang	Sampang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	572	Saam	Saam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	573	Bantawa	Bantawa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	574	Puma	Puma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	575	Chamling	chamle	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	576	Dungmali	dungmali	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	577	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	578	Yakkha	Yakkha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	579	Belhare	Belhare	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	580	Athpare	Athpare	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	581	Chintang	Chintang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	582	Chulung	Chulung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	583	Yamphu	Yamphu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	584	Lohorung	Lohorung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	585	Mewahang	Mewahang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	586	Dhimalish	Dhimalish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	587	Dhimal	Dhimal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	588	Toto	Toto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	589	Lhokpu	Lhokpu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	590	Lepcha	Lepcha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	591	Lepcha	Lepcha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	592	Nungish	Nungish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	593	Derung	Derung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	594	Anung	Anung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	595	Rawang	Rawang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	596	Bodic	Bodic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	597	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	598	Tibeto	Tibeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	599	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	600	Kanauri	Kanauri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	601	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	602	West	West	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	603	Himalayish	Himalayish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	604	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	605	Kanauric	Kanauric	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	606	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	607	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	608	Kinnauric	Kinnauric	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	609	Kinnauri	Kinnauri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	610	Chitkuli	Chitkuli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	611	Kinnauri	Kinnauri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	612	Sunam	Sunam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	613	Lahaulic	Lahaulic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	614	Pattani	Pattani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	615	Tinani	Tinani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	616	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	617	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	618	Bunan	Bunan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	619	Rongpo	Rongpo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	620	Sunam	Sunam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	621	Zhang	Zhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	622	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	623	Zhung	Zhung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	624	Almora	Almora	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	625	Rangas	Rangas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	626	Darmiya	Darmiya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	627	Byangsi	Byangsi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	628	Dhuleli	Dhuleli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	629	Chaudangsi	Chaudangsi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	630	Bodish	bodish	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	631	Tibetic	tibetic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	632	Central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	633	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	634	Central	central	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	635	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	636	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	637	Ü	Ü	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	638	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	639	Tsang	Tsang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	640	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	641	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	642	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	643	Mugom	Mugom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	644	Amdo	Amdo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	645	Amdo	Amdo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	646	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	647	Gserpa	Gserpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	648	Khalong	Khalong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	649	Kham	Kham	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	650	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	651	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	652	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	653	Khams	Khams	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	654	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	655	Tseku	Tseku	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	656	Baima	Baima	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	657	Choni	Choni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	658	Zhongu	Zhongu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	659	Dongwang	Dongwang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	660	Drugchu	Drugchu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	661	Zitsadegu	Zitsadegu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	662	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	663	Sikkimese	Sikkimese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	664	Dzongkha	Dzongkha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	665	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	666	Bhutanese	Bhutanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	667	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	668	Laya	Laya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	669	Lunana	Lunana	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	670	Groma	Groma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	671	Brokkat	Brokkat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	672	Brokpa	Brokpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	673	Chochangachakha	Chochangachakha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	674	Lakha	Lakha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	675	Naapa	Naapa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	676	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	677	Ladakhi	Ladakhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	678	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	679	Balti	Balti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	680	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	681	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	682	Archaic	Archaic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	683	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	684	Ladakhi	Ladakhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	685	Zangskari	Zangskari	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	686	Changthang	Changthang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	687	Purgi	Purgi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	688	Balti	Balti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	689	Lahuli	Lahuli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	690	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	691	Spiti	Spiti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	692	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	693	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	694	Innovative	Innovative	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	695	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	696	Lahuli	Lahuli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	697	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	698	Stod	Stod	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	699	Bhoti	Bhoti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	700	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	701	Spiti	Spiti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	702	Bhoti	Bhoti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	703	Nyamkat	Nyamkat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	704	Bhoti	Bhoti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	705	Kinnauri	Kinnauri	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	706	Tukpa	Tukpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	707	Sherpa	Sherpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	708	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	709	Jirel	Jirel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	710	Sherpa	Sherpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	711	Jirel	Jirel	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	712	Kyirong	Kyirong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	713	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	714	Kagate	Kagate	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	715	Kyirong	Kyirong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	716	Kagate	Kagate	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	717	Tsum	Tsum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	718	Yolmo	Yolmo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	719	Nubri	Nubri	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	720	Gyalsumdo	Gyalsumdo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	721	Tshangla	Tshangla	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	722	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	723	East	East	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	724	Bodish	Bodish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	725	Tshangla	Tshangla	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	726	Tshangla	Tshangla	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	727	East	East	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	728	Bodish	Bodish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	729	Takpa	Takpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	730	Dzala	Dzala	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	731	Nyen	Nyen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	732	Chali	Chali	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	733	Bumthang	Bumthang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	734	Kheng	Kheng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	735	Kurtöp	Kurtöp	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	736	Nupbi	Nupbi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	737	ʼOle	ʼOle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	738	Basum	Basum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	739	Basum	Basum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	740	Tamangic	Tamangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	741	TGTM	TGTM	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	742	Tamang	Tamang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	743	Gurung	Gurung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	744	Thakali	Thakali	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	745	Manang	Manang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	746	Chantyal	Chantyal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	747	Ghale	Ghale	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	748	Ghale	Ghale	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	749	Kutang	Kutang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	750	Kaike	Kaike	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	751	Kaike	Kaike	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	752	Tujia	Tujia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	753	Tujia	Tujia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	754	Na	Na	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	755	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	756	Qiangic	qiangic	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	757	Naic	Naic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	758	Namuyi	Namuyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	759	Namuyi	Namuyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	760	Shixing	shixe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	761	Shixing	shixe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	762	Naish	Naish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	763	Naxi	Naxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	764	Na	Na	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	765	Laze	Laze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	766	Ersuic	Ersuic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	767	Ersu	Ersu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	768	Lizu	Lizu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	769	Tosu	Tosu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	770	Qiangic	Qiangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	771	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	772	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	773	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	774	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	775	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	776	Gyalrongic	Gyalrongic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	777	Gyalrong	Gyalrong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	778	Situ	Situ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	779	Japhug	Japhug	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	780	Tshobdun	Tshobdun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	781	Zbu	Zbu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	782	Horpa	Horpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	783	Horpa	Horpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	784	Khroskyabs	Khroskyabs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	785	Khroskyabs	Khroskyabs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	786	Chamdo	Chamdo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	787	Lamo	Lamo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	788	Larong	Larong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	789	Drag	Drag	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	790	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	791	yab	yab	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	792	Choyo	Choyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	793	Choyo	Choyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	794	Muya	Muya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	795	Muya	Muya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	796	Pumi	Pumi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	797	Pumi	Pumi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	798	Zhaba	Zhaba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	799	Zhaba	Zhaba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	800	Tangut	Tangut	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	801	Tangut	Tangut	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	802	Lolo	Lolo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	803	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	804	Burmese	Burmese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	805	Mondzish	Mondzish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	806	Thou	Thou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	807	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	808	Kathu	Kathu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	809	Kathu	Kathu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	810	Nuclear	Nuclear	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	811	Mondzish	Mondzish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	812	Maang	Maang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	813	Manga	Manga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	814	Mango	Mango	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	815	Mantsi	Mantsi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	816	Mondzi	Mondzi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	817	Maza	Maza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	818	Muangphe	Muangphe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	819	Mauphu	Mauphu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	820	Motang	Motang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	821	Mongphu	Mongphu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	822	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	823	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	824	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	825	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	826	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	827	Ngwi	Ngwi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	828	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	829	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	830	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	831	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	832	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	833	Ngwi	Ngwi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	834	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	835	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	836	Hanoish	Hanoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	837	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	838	Hanoid	Hanoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	839	Akha	Akha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	840	Akha	Akha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	841	Chepya	Chepya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	842	Muteun	Muteun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	843	Muda	Muda	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	844	Hani	Hani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	845	Hani	Hani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	846	Nuomei	Nuomei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	847	Nuobi	Nuobi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	848	Lami	Lami	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	849	Luomian	Luomian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	850	Angluo	Angluo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	851	Guohe	Guohe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	852	Guozuo	Guozuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	853	Gehuo	Gehuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	854	Yiche	Yiche	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	855	Qidi	Qidi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	856	Kabie	Kabie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	857	Haoni	Haoni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	858	Honi	Honi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	859	Woni	Woni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	860	Baihong	Baihong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	861	Bukong	Bukong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	862	Budu	Budu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	863	Suobi	Suobi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	864	Duoni	Duoni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	865	Duota	Duota	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	866	Asuo	Asuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	867	Amu	Amu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	868	Bisoid	Bisoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	869	Bisu	Bisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	870	Laomian	Laomian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	871	Laopin	Laopin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	872	Pyen	Pyen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	873	Phunoi	Phunoi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	874	Sinsali	Sinsali	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	875	Cantan	Cantan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	876	Cốông	Cốông	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	877	Sangkong	Sangkong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	878	Tsukong	Tsukong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	879	Laopan	Laopan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	880	Laoseng	Laoseng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	881	Phongku	Phongku	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	882	Phongset	Phongset	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	883	Phunyot	Phunyot	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	884	Cauho	Cauho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	885	Bantang	Bantang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	886	Khongsat	Khongsat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	887	Habei	Habei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	888	Siloid	Siloid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	889	Sila	Sila	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	890	Khir	Khir	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	891	Cosao	Cosao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	892	Paza	Paza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	893	Phana	Phana	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	894	’	'	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	895	Wanyä	Wanyä	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	896	Akeu	Akeu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	897	Gokhy	Gokhy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	898	Bi	Bi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	899	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	900	Ka	Ka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	901	Piyo	Piyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	902	Enu	Enu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	903	Kaduo	Kaduo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	904	Mpi	Mpi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	905	Mpi	Mpi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	906	Jino	Jino	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	907	Jino	Jino	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	908	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	909	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	910	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	911	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	912	Ngwi	Ngwi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	913	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	914	Lawoish	Lawoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	915	Lawu	Lawu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	916	Awu	Awu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	917	Lewu	Lewu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	918	Lahoish	Lahoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	919	Lahu	Lahu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	920	Kucong	Kucong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	921	Nusoish	Nusoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	922	Nusu	Nusu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	923	Zauzou	Zauzou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	924	Lisoish	Lisoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	925	Laloid	Laloid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	926	Lalo	Lalo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	927	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	928	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	929	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	930	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	931	Yangliu	Yangliu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	932	Eka	Eka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	933	Mangdi	Mangdi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	934	Xuzhang	Xuzhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	935	Alu	Alu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	936	Taloid	Taloid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	937	Talu	Talu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	938	Lavu	Lavu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	939	Lang'e	Lang'e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	940	Tagu	Tagu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	941	Popei	Popei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	942	Naruo	Naruo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	943	Kua	Kua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	944	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	945	nsi	nsi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	946	Kuamasi	Kuamasi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	947	Laizisi	Laizisi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	948	Zibusi	Zibusi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	949	Sonaga	Sonaga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	950	Gomotage	Gomotage	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	951	Lisu	Lisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	952	Toloza	Toloza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	953	Lipo	Lipo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	954	Lolopo	Lolopo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	955	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	956	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	957	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	958	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	959	Mili	Mili	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	960	Hlersu	Hlersu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	961	Micha	Micha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	962	Lamu	Lamu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	963	Limi	Limi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	964	Kazhuoish	kazhuoish	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	965	Katso	Katso	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	966	Samu	Samu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	967	Sanie	Sanie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	968	Sadu	Sadu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	969	Meuma	Meuma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	970	Nisoish	Nisoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	971	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	972	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	973	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	974	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	975	Ngwi	Ngwi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	976	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	977	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	978	Nisoid	Nisoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	979	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	980	Nosoid	Nosoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	981	Nuosu	Nuosu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	982	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	983	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	984	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	985	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	986	Nyisu	Nyisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	987	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	988	Yellow	Yellow	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	989	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	990	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	991	Nasoid	Nasoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	992	Nasu	Nasu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	993	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	994	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	995	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	996	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	997	Chesu	Chesu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	998	Luoji	Luoji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	999	Gepo	Gepo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1000	Ku	Ku	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1001	Aluo	Aluo	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1002	Southeastern	Southeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1003	Loloish	loloish	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1004	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1005	Southeastern	Southeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1006	Ngwi	Ngwi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1007	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1008	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1009	Axi	Axi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1010	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1011	Puoid	Puoid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1012	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1013	Nisu	Nisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1014	Nisu	Nisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1015	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1016	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1017	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1018	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1019	Lope	Lope	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1020	Sani	Sani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1021	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1022	Azha	Azha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1023	Sani	Sani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1024	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1025	Southeastern	Southeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1026	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1027	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1028	Axi	axi	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1029	Azhe	Azhe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1030	Azha	Azha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1031	Alingpo	Alingpo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1032	Samei	Samei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1033	Highland	Highland	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1034	Phula	Phula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1035	Khlula	Khlula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1036	Muji	Muji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1037	Muzi	Muzi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1038	Laghuu	Laghuu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1039	Moji	Moji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1040	Phowa	Phowa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1041	Phukha	Phukha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1042	Thopho	Thopho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1043	Zokhuo	Zokhuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1044	Riverine	Riverine	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1045	Phula	Phula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1046	Phola	Phola	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1047	Phupa	Phupa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1048	others	other	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1049	Pholo	Pholo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1050	Ache	Ache	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1051	Long	Long	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1052	Xiqi	Xiqi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1053	Ati	Ati	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1054	Adu	Adu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1055	Burmish	Burmish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1056	Northern	northern	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1057	High	High	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1058	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1059	Achang	Achang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1060	Lashi	Lashi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1061	Chashan	Chashan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1062	Zaiwa	Zaiwa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1063	Hpon	Hpon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1064	Hpon	Hpon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1065	Mid	Mid	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1066	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1067	Lhao	Lhao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1068	Vo	Vo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1069	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1070	Maru	Maru	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1071	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1072	Pela	Pela	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1073	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1074	Intha	Intha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1075	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1076	Danu	Danu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1077	Intha	Intha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1078	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1079	Danu	Danu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1080	Nuclear	Nuclear	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1081	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1082	Burmese	Burmese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1083	Arakanese	Arakanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1084	Tavoyan	Tavoyan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1085	Gong	Gong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1086	Gong	Gong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1087	Pai	Pai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1088	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1089	lang	lang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1090	Pai	Pai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1091	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1092	lang	lang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1093	Unclassified	Unclassified	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1094	Hrusish	Hrusish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1095	Hruso	Hruso	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1096	Miji	Miji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1097	Kho	Kho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1098	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1099	Bwa	Bwa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1100	Puroik	Puroik	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1101	Puroik	Puroik	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1102	Bugun	Bugun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1103	Bugun	Bugun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1104	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1105	Khowa	Khowa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1106	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1107	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1108	Sherdukpen	sherdukpen	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1109	Sartang	Sartang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1110	Chug	Chug	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1111	Lish	Lish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1112	Miju	Miju	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1113	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1114	Meyor	Meyor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1115	Miju	Miju	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1116	Zakhring	Zakhring	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1117	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1118	Meyor	Meyor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1119	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1120	Gonduk	Gonduk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1121	Gongduk	Gongduk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1122	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1123	proposed	propose	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1124	groupings	grouping	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1125	Tibeto	Tibeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1126	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1127	Burman	Burman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1128	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1129	Tibeto	Tibeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1130	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1131	Burman	Burman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1132	Rung	Rung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1133	Burmo	Burmo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1134	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1135	Qiangic	Qiangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1136	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1137	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1138	Tibeto	Tibeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1139	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1140	Burman	Burman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1141	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1142	Mahakiranti	Mahakiranti	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1143	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1144	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1145	languages	language	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1146	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1147	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1148	Tibeto	Tibeto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1149	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1150	Burman	Burman	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1151	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1152	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1153	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1154	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1155	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1156	Karenic	Karenic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1157	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1158	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1159	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1160	Italics	Italics	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1161	indicates	indicate	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1162	extinct	extinct	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1163	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1164	v	v	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1165	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1166	e	e	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1167	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1168	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1169	Major	major	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1170	subdivisions	subdivision	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1171	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1172	Northeastern	Northeastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1173	Harbin	Harbin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1174	Shenyang	Shenyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1175	Taz	Taz	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1176	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1177	Beijing	Beijing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1178	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1179	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1180	Lu	Lu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1181	Tianjin	Tianjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1182	Jinan	Jinan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1183	Jiao	Jiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1184	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1185	Liao	Liao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1186	Dalian	Dalian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1187	Qingdao	Qingdao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1188	Weihai	Weihai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1189	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1190	Plains	Plains	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1191	Gangou	Gangou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1192	Guanzhong	Guanzhong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1193	Luoyang	Luoyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1194	Xuzhou	Xuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1195	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1196	Lan	Lan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1197	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1198	Yin	Yin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1199	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1200	Sichuanese	Sichuanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1201	Minjiang	Minjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1202	Kunming	Kunming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1203	Wuhan	Wuhan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1204	Wuming	Wuming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1205	Lower	low	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1206	Yangtze	Yangtze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1207	Nanjing	Nanjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1208	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1209	Nanping	Nanping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1210	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1211	Taihu	Taihu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1212	Shanghainese	shanghainese	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1213	Suzhou	Suzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1214	Wuxi	Wuxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1215	Changzhou	Changzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1216	Hangzhou	Hangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1217	Shaoxing	Shaoxing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1218	Ningbo	Ningbo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1219	Jinxiang	Jinxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1220	Jiangyin	Jiangyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1221	Shadi	Shadi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1222	Taizhou	Taizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1223	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1224	Taizhou	Taizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1225	Tiantai	Tiantai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1226	Oujiang	Oujiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1227	Wenzhou	Wenzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1228	Wuzhou	Wuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1229	Jinhua	Jinhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1230	Chu	Chu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1231	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1232	Qu	Qu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1233	Quzhou	Quzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1234	Jiangshan	Jiangshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1235	Qingtian	Qingtian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1236	Xuanzhou	Xuanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1237	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1238	Chang	Chang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1239	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1240	Du	Du	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1241	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1242	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1243	Liu	Liu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1244	Ying	Ying	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1245	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1246	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1247	Da	Da	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1248	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1249	Tong	Tong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1250	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1251	Changyi	Changyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1252	Changsha	Changsha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1253	Loushao	Loushao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1254	Shuangfeng	Shuangfeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1255	Xiangxiang	Xiangxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1256	Ji	Ji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1257	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1258	Xu	Xu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1259	Yong	Yong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1260	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1261	Quan	Quan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1262	Qiyang	Qiyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1263	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1264	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1265	Fuzhou	Fuzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1266	Fuqing	fuqe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1267	Fu'an	Fu'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1268	Manjiang	Manjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1269	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1270	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1271	Quanzhou	Quanzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1272	Zhangzhou	Zhangzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1273	Amoy	Amoy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1274	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1275	Philippine	Philippine	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1276	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1277	Medan	Medan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1278	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1279	Penang	Penang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1280	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1281	Singaporean	Singaporean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1282	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1283	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1284	Peninsular	Peninsular	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1285	Malaysian	Malaysian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1286	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1287	Burmese	Burmese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1288	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1289	Zhenan	Zhenan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1290	Longyan	Longyan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1291	Chaoshan	Chaoshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1292	Teochew	Teochew	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1293	Shantou	Shantou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1294	Haifeng	Haifeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1295	Zhongshan	Zhongshan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1296	Nanlang	Nanlang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1297	Sanxiang	Sanxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1298	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1299	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1300	Jian'ou	Jian'ou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1301	Jianyang	Jianyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1302	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1303	Pu	Pu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1304	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1305	Xian	Xian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1306	Shao	Shao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1307	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1308	Jiang	Jiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1309	Leizhou	Leizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1310	Zhanjiang	Zhanjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1311	Hainan	Hainan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1312	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1313	Meixian	meixian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1314	Wuhua	Wuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1315	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1316	Tingzhou	Tingzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1317	Changting	changte	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1318	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1319	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1320	Sixian	sixian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1321	Hailu	Hailu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1322	Raoping	Raoping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1323	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1324	Yuehai	Yuehai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1325	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1326	Xiguan	Xiguan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1327	Jiujiang	Jiujiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1328	Shiqi	Shiqi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1329	Weitou	Weitou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1330	Dapeng	Dapeng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1331	Gao	Gao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1332	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1333	Yang	Yang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1334	Siyi	Siyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1335	Taishan	Taishan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1336	Goulou	Goulou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1337	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1338	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1339	Hua	Hua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1340	Yong	Yong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1341	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1342	Xun	Xun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1343	Luo	Luo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1344	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1345	Guang	Guang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1346	Qin	Qin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1347	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1348	Lian	Lian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1349	Proposed	Proposed	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1350	Huizhou	Huizhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1351	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1352	Hohhot	Hohhot	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1353	Pinghua	Pinghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1354	Unclassified	Unclassified	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1355	Badong	Badong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1356	Yao	Yao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1357	Danzhou	Danzhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1358	Junjiahua	Junjiahua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1359	Mai	Mai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1360	Shaozhou	Shaozhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1361	Tuhua	Tuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1362	Shehua	Shehua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1363	Waxiang	Waxiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1364	Xiangnan	Xiangnan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1365	Tuhua	Tuhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1366	Yeheni	Yeheni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1367	Standardised	Standardised	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1368	forms	form	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1369	Standard	standard	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1370	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1371	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1372	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1373	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1374	Sichuanese	Sichuanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1375	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1376	Philippine	philippine	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1377	Malaysian	malaysian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1378	Singaporean	singaporean	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1379	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1380	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1381	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1382	Phonology	Phonology	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1383	Historical	Historical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1384	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1385	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1386	National	National	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1387	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1388	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1389	Literary	Literary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1390	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1391	colloquial	colloquial	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1392	readings	reading	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1393	Grammar	grammar	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1394	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1395	grammar	grammar	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1396	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1397	numerals	numeral	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1398	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1399	classifier	classifier	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1400	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1401	honorifics	honorific	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1402	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1403	Idiom	Idiom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1404	Set	Set	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1405	phrase	phrase	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1406	Chengyu	Chengyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1407	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1408	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1409	Four	Four	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1410	Character	Character	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1411	Idiom	Idiom	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1412	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1413	Xiehouyu	Xiehouyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1414	Input	Input	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1415	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1416	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1417	input	input	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1418	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1419	Bopomofo	Bopomofo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1420	Cangjie	Cangjie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1421	input	input	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1422	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1423	Four	Four	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1424	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1425	Corner	Corner	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1426	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1427	Boshiamy	Boshiamy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1428	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1429	Wubi	Wubi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1430	method	method	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1431	History	History	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1432	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1433	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1434	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1435	Han	Han	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1436	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1437	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1438	Old	Old	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1439	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1440	Middle	Middle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1441	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1442	Proto	Proto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1443	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1444	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1445	Ba	Ba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1446	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1447	Shu	Shu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1448	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1449	Literary	Literary	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1450	forms	form	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1451	Official	Official	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1452	Classical	Classical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1453	Adoption	Adoption	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1454	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1455	Vietnam	Vietnam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1456	Vernacular	Vernacular	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1457	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1458	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1459	Written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1460	Cantonese	cantonese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1461	Written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1462	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1463	Written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1464	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1465	Written	write	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1466	Sichuanese	sichuanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1467	Scripts	script	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1468	Standard	standard	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1469	Simplified	Simplified	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1470	Traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1471	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1472	punctuation	punctuation	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1473	Stroke	stroke	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1474	order	order	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1475	Styles	Styles	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1476	Oracle	Oracle	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1477	bone	bone	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1478	Bronze	Bronze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1479	Seal	Seal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1480	Clerical	Clerical	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1481	Semi	Semi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1482	-	-	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1483	cursive	cursive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1484	Cursive	cursive	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1485	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1486	Cantonese	cantonese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1487	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1488	Mainland	mainland	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1489	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1490	Braille	braille	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1491	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1492	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1493	Two	two	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1494	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1495	cell	cell	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1496	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1497	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1498	Phonetic	Phonetic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1499	Cyrillization	Cyrillization	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1500	Dungan	Dungan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1501	Cyrillic	Cyrillic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1502	Romanization	Romanization	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1503	Gwoyeu	Gwoyeu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1504	Romatzyh	Romatzyh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1505	Hanyu	Hanyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1506	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1507	MPS	MPS	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1508	II	II	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1509	Postal	Postal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1510	Tongyong	Tongyong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1511	Pinyin	Pinyin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1512	Wade	Wade	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1513	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1514	Giles	Giles	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1515	Yale	Yale	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1516	Bopomofo	Bopomofo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1517	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1518	Phonetic	phonetic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1519	Symbols	symbol	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1520	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1521	kana	kana	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1522	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1523	Hangul	Hangul	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1524	Xiao'erjing	Xiao'erjing	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1525	Nüshu	Nüshu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1526	List	List	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1527	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1528	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1529	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1530	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1531	v	v	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1532	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1533	e	e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1534	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1535	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1536	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1537	Official	Official	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1538	Standard	Standard	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1539	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1540	Regional	Regional	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1541	ARs	ar	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1542	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1543	SARs	SARs	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1544	CantoneseHK	CantoneseHK	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1545	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1546	MC	MC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1547	EnglishHK	EnglishHK	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1548	MongolianNM	MongolianNM	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1549	PortugueseMC	PortugueseMC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1550	TibetanXZ	TibetanXZ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1551	UyghurXJ	UyghurXJ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1552	ZhuangGX	ZhuangGX	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1553	Prefecture	Prefecture	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1554	Hmong	Hmong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1555	Kam	Kam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1556	Bouyei	Bouyei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1557	Tujia	Tujia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1558	Korean	Korean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1559	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1560	Yi	Yi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1561	Kyrgyz	Kyrgyz	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1562	Kazakh	Kazakh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1563	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1564	Nüa	Nüa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1565	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1566	Lü	Lü	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1567	Zaiwa	Zaiwa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1568	Lisu	Lisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1569	Bai	Bai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1570	Hani	Hani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1571	Zhuang	Zhuang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1572	Counties	Counties	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1573	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1574	Banners	Banners	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1575	numerous	numerous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1576	Indigenous	indigenous	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1577	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1578	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1579	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1580	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1581	Lolo-	Lolo-	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1582	Burmese	Burmese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1583	Mondzish	Mondzish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1584	Kathu	Kathu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1585	Maang	Maang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1586	Manga	Manga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1587	Mango	Mango	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1588	Maza	Maza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1589	Mondzi	Mondzi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1590	Muangphe	Muangphe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1591	Burmish	Burmish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1592	Achang	Achang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1593	Xiandao	Xiandao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1594	Pela	Pela	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1595	Lashi	Lashi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1596	Chashan	Chashan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1597	Lhao	Lhao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1598	Vo	Vo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1599	Zaiwa	Zaiwa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1600	Loloish	Loloish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1601	Hanoish	Hanoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1602	Akeu	Akeu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1603	Akha	Akha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1604	Amu	Amu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1605	Angluo	Angluo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1606	Asuo	Asuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1607	Baihong	Baihong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1608	Bisu	Bisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1609	Budu	Budu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1610	Bukong	Bukong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1611	Cosao	Cosao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1612	Duoni	Duoni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1613	Duota	Duota	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1614	Enu	Enu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1615	Habei	Habei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1616	Hani	Hani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1617	Honi	Honi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1618	Jino	Jino	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1619	Kabie	Kabie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1620	Kaduo	Kaduo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1621	Lami	Lami	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1622	Laomian	Laomian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1623	Laopin	Laopin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1624	Mpi	Mpi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1625	Muda	Muda	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1626	Nuobi	Nuobi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1627	Nuomei	Nuomei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1628	Phana	Phana	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1629	’	’	POS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1630	Piyo	Piyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1631	Qidi	Qidi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1632	Sadu	Sadu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1633	Sangkong	Sangkong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1634	Suobi	Suobi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1635	Tsukong	Tsukong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1636	Woni	Woni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1637	Yiche	Yiche	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1638	Lisoish	Lisoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1639	Eka	Eka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1640	Hlersu	Hlersu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1641	Kua	Kua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1642	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1643	nsi	nsi	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1644	Kuamasi	Kuamasi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1645	Laizisi	Laizisi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1646	Lalo	Lalo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1647	Lamu	Lamu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1648	Lavu	Lavu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1649	Lawu	Lawu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1650	Limi	Limi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1651	Lipo	Lipo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1652	Lisu	Lisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1653	Lolopo	Lolopo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1654	Mangdi	Mangdi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1655	Micha	Micha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1656	Mili	Mili	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1657	Sonaga	Sonaga	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1658	Toloza	Toloza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1659	Xuzhang	Xuzhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1660	Yangliu	Yangliu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1661	Zibusi	Zibusi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1662	Nisoish	Nisoish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1663	Alingpo	Alingpo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1664	Alugu	Alugu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1665	Aluo	Aluo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1666	Axi	Axi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1667	Azha	Azha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1668	Azhe	Azhe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1669	Bokha	Bokha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1670	Gepo	Gepo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1671	Khlula	Khlula	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1672	Lope	Lope	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1673	Moji	Moji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1674	Muji	Muji	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1675	Muzi	Muzi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1676	Nasu	Nasu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1677	Nisu	Nisu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1678	Nuosu	Nuosu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1679	Phala	Phala	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1680	Phola	Phola	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1681	Phowa	Phowa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1682	Phukha	Phukha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1683	Phuma	Phuma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1684	Phupa	Phupa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1685	Phupha	Phupha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1686	Phuza	Phuza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1687	Samei	Samei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1688	Sani	Sani	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1689	Thopho	Thopho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1690	Zokhuo	Zokhuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1691	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1692	Gokhy	Gokhy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1693	Katso	Katso	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1694	Kucong	Kucong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1695	Lahu	Lahu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1696	Naruo	Naruo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1697	Namuyi	Namuyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1698	Naxi	Naxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1699	Nusu	Nusu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1700	Samu	Samu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1701	Sanie	Sanie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1702	Zauzou	Zauzou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1703	Qiangic	Qiangic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1704	Baima	Baima	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1705	Choyo	Choyo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1706	Ersu	Ersu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1707	Guiqiong	Guiqiong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1708	Horpa	Horpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1709	Japhug	Japhug	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1710	Khroskyabs	Khroskyabs	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1711	Laze	Laze	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1712	Lizu	Lizu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1713	Na	Na	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1714	Muya	Muya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1715	Namuyi	Namuyi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1716	Naxi	Naxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1717	Pumi	Pumi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1718	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1719	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1720	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1721	Qiang	Qiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1722	Shixing	shixe	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1723	Situ	situ	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1724	Tshobdun	Tshobdun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1725	Zbu	Zbu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1726	Zhaba	Zhaba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1727	Tibetic	Tibetic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1728	Amdo	Amdo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1729	Baima	Baima	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1730	Basum	Basum	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1731	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1732	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1733	Choni	Choni	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1734	Dao	Dao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1735	Dongwang	Dongwang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1736	Drugchu	Drugchu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1737	Groma	Groma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1738	Gserpa	Gserpa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1739	Khalong	Khalong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1740	Khams	Khams	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1741	Kyirong	Kyirong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1742	Ladakhi	Ladakhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1743	Tseku	Tseku	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1744	Zhongu	Zhongu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1745	Zitsadegu	Zitsadegu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1746	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1747	Bai	Bai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1748	Caijia	Caijia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1749	Derung	Derung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1750	Jingpho	Jingpho	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1751	Longjia	Longjia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1752	Nung	Nung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1753	Tujia	Tujia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1754	Waxianghua	Waxianghua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1755	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1756	languages	language	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1757	Austroasiatic	Austroasiatic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1758	Bit	Bit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1759	Blang	Blang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1760	Bolyu	Bolyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1761	Bugan	Bugan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1762	Bumang	Bumang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1763	Hu	Hu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1764	Kuan	Kuan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1765	Mang	Mang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1766	Man	Man	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1767	Met	Met	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1768	Muak	Muak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1769	Sa	Sa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1770	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1771	aak	aak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1772	Palaung	Palaung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1773	Riang	Riang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1774	U	U	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1775	Va	Va	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1776	Wa	Wa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1777	Hmong	Hmong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1778	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1779	Mien	Mien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1780	Hmongic	Hmongic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1781	A	A	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1782	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1783	Hmao	Hmao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1784	Bu	Bu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1785	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1786	Nao	Nao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1787	Gejia	Gejia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1788	Guiyang	Guiyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1789	Hm	Hm	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1790	Nai	Nai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1791	Hmong	Hmong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1792	Hmu	Hmu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1793	Huishui	Huishui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1794	Kiong	Kiong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1795	Nai	Nai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1796	Luobohe	Luobohe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1797	Mashan	Mashan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1798	Pa	Pa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1799	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1800	Hng	Hng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1801	Pa	Pa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1802	Na	Na	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1803	Pingtang	Pingtang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1804	Qo	Qo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1805	Xiong	Xiong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1806	Raojia	Raojia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1807	She	She	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1808	Small	Small	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1809	Flowery	Flowery	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1810	Xixiu	Xixiu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1811	Younuo	Younuo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1812	Mienic	Mienic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1813	Biao	Biao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1814	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1815	Dzao	Dzao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1816	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1817	Iu	Iu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1818	Mien	Mien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1819	Kim	Kim	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1820	Mun	Mun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1821	Mongolic	Mongolic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1822	Bonan	Bonan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1823	Buryat	Buryat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1824	Daur	Daur	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1825	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1826	Yugur	Yugur	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1827	Kangjia	Kangjia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1828	Khamnigan	Khamnigan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1829	Monguor	Monguor	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1830	Oirat	Oirat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1831	Ordos	Ordos	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1832	Santa	Santa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1833	Torgut	Torgut	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1834	Kra	Kra	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1835	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1836	Dai	Dai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1837	Zhuang	Zhuang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1838	Bouyei	Bouyei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1839	Dai	Dai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1840	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1841	Ningming	Ningming	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1842	Nong	Nong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1843	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1844	Dam	Dam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1845	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1846	Dón	Dón	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1847	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1848	Hongjin	Hongjin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1849	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1850	Lü	Lü	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1851	Tai	Tai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1852	Nüa	nüa	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1853	Tai	tai	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1854	Ya	Ya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1855	Yang	Yang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1856	Yei	Yei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1857	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1858	Ai	Ai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1859	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1860	Cham	Cham	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1861	Biao	Biao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1862	Buyang	Buyang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1863	Cao	Cao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1864	Miao	Miao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1865	Chadong	Chadong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1866	Cun	Cun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1867	Gelao	Gelao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1868	Hlai	Hlai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1869	Jiamao	Jiamao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1870	Kam	Kam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1871	Lakkja	Lakkja	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1872	Mak	Mak	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1873	Maonan	Maonan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1874	Mulam	Mulam	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1875	Naxi	Naxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1876	Yao	Yao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1877	Ong	Ong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1878	Be	be	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1879	Paha	Paha	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1880	Qabiao	Qabiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1881	Sui	Sui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1882	Then	then	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1883	Tungusic	Tungusic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1884	Evenki	Evenki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1885	Manchu	Manchu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1886	Nanai	Nanai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1887	Oroqen	Oroqen	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1888	Xibe	Xibe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1889	Turkic	Turkic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1890	Äynu	Äynu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1891	Fuyu	Fuyu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1892	Kyrgyz	Kyrgyz	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1893	Ili	Ili	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1894	Turki	Turki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1895	Lop	Lop	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1896	Salar	Salar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1897	Western	Western	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1898	Yugur	Yugur	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1899	Other	Other	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1900	Sarikoli	Sarikoli	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1901	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1902	Indo	indo	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1903	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1904	European	european	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1905	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1906	Tsat	Tsat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1907	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1908	Austronesian	Austronesian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1909	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1910	Formosan	Formosan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1911	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1912	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1913	Austronesian	Austronesian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1914	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1915	Minority	Minority	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1916	Kazakh	Kazakh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1917	Korean	Korean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1918	Kyrgyz	Kyrgyz	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1919	Russian	Russian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1920	Tatar	Tatar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1921	Tuvan	Tuvan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1922	Uzbek	Uzbek	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1923	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1924	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1925	Kinh	Kinh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1926	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1927	Wakhi	Wakhi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1928	Varieties	Varieties	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1929	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1930	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1931	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1932	Southwestern	Southwestern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1933	Dongbei	Dongbei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1934	Jiang	Jiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1935	Huai	Huai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1936	Gan	Gan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1937	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1938	Hui	Hui	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1939	Jin	Jin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1940	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1941	varieties	variety	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1942	Ping	Ping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1943	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1944	Wenzhounese	Wenzhounese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1945	Xiang	Xiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1946	Yue	Yue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1947	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1948	Creole	Creole	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1949	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1950	Mixed	mixed	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1951	E	e	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1952	Hezhou	Hezhou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1953	Lingling	lingling	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1954	Macanese	macanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1955	Maojia	Maojia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1956	Qoqmončaq	Qoqmončaq	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1957	Sanqiao	Sanqiao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1958	Tangwang	Tangwang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1959	Wutun	Wutun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1960	Extinct	Extinct	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1961	Ba	Ba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1962	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1963	Shu	Shu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1964	Jie	Jie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1965	Khitan	Khitan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1966	Ruan	Ruan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1967	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1968	ruan	ruan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1969	Saka	Saka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1970	Tangut	Tangut	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1971	Tocharian	Tocharian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1972	Tuoba	Tuoba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1973	Tuyuhun	Tuyuhun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1974	Xianbei	Xianbei	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1975	Zhang	Zhang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1976	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1977	Zhung	Zhung	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1978	Sign	Sign	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1979	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1980	Sign	sign	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1981	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1982	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1983	SignHK	SignHK	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1984	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1985	MC	MC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1986	Tibetan	Tibetan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1987	SignXZ	SignXZ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1988	GX	GX	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1989	=	=	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1990	Guangxi	Guangxi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1991	HK	HK	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1992	=	=	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1993	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1994	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1995	MC	MC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1996	=	=	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1997	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1998	NM	NM	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	1999	=	=	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2000	Inner	Inner	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2001	Mongolia	Mongolia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2002	XJ	XJ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2003	=	=	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2004	Xinjiang	Xinjiang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2005	XZ	XZ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2006	=	=	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2007	Tibet	Tibet	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2008	v	v	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2009	t	t	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2010	e	e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2011	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2012	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2013	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2014	Official	Official	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2015	Portuguese	Portuguese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2016	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2017	·	·	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2018	Cantonese	cantonese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2019	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2020	Macanese	macanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2021	Patois	patois	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2022	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2023	·	·	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2024	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2025	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2026	·	·	NFP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2027	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2028	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2029	v	v	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2030	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2031	e	e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2032	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2033	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2034	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2035	Official	Official	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2036	languages	language	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2037	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2038	Malay	Malay	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2039	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2040	Tamil	Tamil	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2041	Creole	Creole	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2042	languages	language	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2043	Baba	Baba	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2044	Malay	Malay	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2045	Chitty	Chitty	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2046	Malay	malay	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2047	Kristang	Kristang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2048	Singlish	Singlish	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2049	Singdarin	Singdarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2050	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2051	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2052	East	East	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2053	Asian	Asian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2054	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2055	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2056	Japanese	japanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2057	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2058	Korean	Korean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2059	Teochew	Teochew	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2060	South	South	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2061	Asian	Asian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2062	Hindi	Hindi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2063	Nepali	Nepali	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2064	Punjabi	Punjabi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2065	Sinhala	Sinhala	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2066	Telugu	Telugu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2067	Austronesian	austronesian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2068	Banjarese	banjarese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2069	Buginese	Buginese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2070	Javanese	javanese	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2071	Baweanese	baweanese	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2072	Minangkabau	Minangkabau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2073	Orang	Orang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2074	Seletar	Seletar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2075	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2076	Arabic	arabic	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2077	Armenian	armenian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2078	Thai	Thai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2079	Sign	Sign	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2080	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2081	Singaporean	Singaporean	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2082	Sign	Sign	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2083	Language	Language	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2084	v	v	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2085	t	t	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2086	e	e	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2087	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2088	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2089	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2090	Austronesian	Austronesian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2091	Formosan	Formosan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2092	Atayalic	Atayalic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2093	Atayal	Atayal	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2094	Seediq	Seediq	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2095	Truku	Truku	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2096	Rukaic	Rukaic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2097	Rukai	Rukai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2098	Northern	Northern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2099	Babuza	Babuza	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2100	Favorlang	Favorlang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2101	Hoanya	Hoanya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2102	Arikun	arikun	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2103	Lloa	Lloa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2104	Pazeh	Pazeh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2105	Kaxabu	Kaxabu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2106	Kulon	Kulon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2107	Saisiyat	Saisiyat	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2108	Taokas	Taokas	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2109	Thao	Thao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2110	East	East	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2111	Amis	Amis	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2112	Kavalan	Kavalan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2113	Ketagalan	Ketagalan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2114	Basay	Basay	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2115	Luilang	Luilang	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2116	Makatao	Makatao	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2117	Qauqaut	Qauqaut	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2118	Sakizaya	Sakizaya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2119	Siraya	Siraya	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2120	Taivoan	Taivoan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2121	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2122	Bunun	Bunun	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2123	Paiwan	Paiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2124	Puyuma	Puyuma	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2125	Tsouic	Tsouic	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2126	Kanakanabu	Kanakanabu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2127	Saaroa	Saaroa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2128	Tsou	Tsou	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2129	Malayo	Malayo	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2130	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2131	Polynesian	polynesian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2132	Batanic	Batanic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2133	Yami	yami	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2134	Sino	sino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2135	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2136	Tibetan	tibetan	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2137	Sinitic	Sinitic	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2138	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2139	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2140	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2141	Junhua	Junhua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2142	Min	Min	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2143	Southern	Southern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2144	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2145	Hokkien	Hokkien	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2146	Teochew	Teochew	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2147	dialect	dialect	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2148	Eastern	Eastern	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2149	Fuzhounese	Fuzhounese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2150	Matsu	Matsu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2151	dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2152	Pu	Pu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2153	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2154	Xian	xian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2155	Putian	putian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2156	dialect	dialect	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2157	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2158	Wuqiu	Wuqiu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2159	dialect	dialect	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2160	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2161	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2162	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2163	Hakka	Hakka	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2164	Sixian	sixian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2165	Hailu	Hailu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2166	Dabu	Dabu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2167	Raoping	Raoping	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2168	Zhao'an	Zhao'an	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2169	Auxiliary	auxiliary	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2170	Taiwanese	Taiwanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2171	Sign	Sign	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2172	Language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2173	Taiwanese	taiwanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2174	Braille	Braille	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2175	Other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2176	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2177	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2178	Cantonese	Cantonese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2179	Wu	Wu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2180	Shanghainese	shanghainese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2181	Filipino	filipino	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2182	Japanese	japanese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2183	Korean	korean	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2184	Malay	malay	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2185	Malaysian	malaysian	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2186	Indonesian	Indonesian	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2187	Thai	Thai	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2188	Vietnamese	Vietnamese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2189	Yilan	Yilan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2190	Creole	Creole	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2191	Japanese	Japanese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2192	Retrieved	Retrieved	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2193	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2194	"	"	``
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2195	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandarin_Chinese&oldid=986019693	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=mandarin_chinese&oldid=986019693	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2196	"	"	''
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2197	Categories	category	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2198	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2199	Mandarin	Mandarin	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2200	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2201	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2202	languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2203	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2204	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2205	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2206	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2207	China	China	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2208	Languages	Languages	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2209	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2210	Taiwan	Taiwan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2211	Languages	Languages	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2212	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2213	Hong	Hong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2214	Kong	Kong	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2215	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2216	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2217	Macau	Macau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2218	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2219	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2220	Singapore	Singapore	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2221	Languages	Languages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2222	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2223	Malaysia	Malaysia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2224	Subject	Subject	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2225	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2226	verb	verb	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2227	–	–	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2228	object	object	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2229	languages	language	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2230	Vertical	vertical	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2231	vowel	vowel	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2232	systems	system	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2233	Hidden	hide	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2234	categories	category	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2235	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2236	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2237	containing	contain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2238	simplified	simplify	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2239	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2240	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2241	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2242	text	text	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2243	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2244	containing	contain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2245	traditional	traditional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2246	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2247	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2248	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2249	text	text	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2250	Language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2251	articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2252	citing	cite	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2253	Ethnologue	Ethnologue	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2254	22	22	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2255	CS1	CS1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2256	uses	use	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2257	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2258	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2259	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2260	script	script	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2261	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2262	zh	zh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2263	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2264	CS1	CS1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2265	Chinese	Chinese	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2266	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2267	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2268	sources	source	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2269	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2270	zh	zh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2271	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2272	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2273	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2274	short	short	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2275	description	description	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2276	Short	short	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2277	description	description	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2278	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2279	different	different	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2280	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2281	Wikidata	Wikidata	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2282	Articles	Articles	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2283	containing	contain	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2284	Chinese	chinese	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2285	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2286	language	language	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2287	text	text	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2288	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2289	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2290	hAudio	hAudio	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2291	microformats	microformat	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2292	Pages	Pages	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2293	including	include	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2294	recorded	recorded	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2295	pronunciations	pronunciation	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2296	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2297	articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2298	needing	need	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2299	clarification	clarification	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2300	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2301	October	October	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2302	2012	2012	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2303	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2304	needing	need	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2305	additional	additional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2306	references	reference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2307	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2308	July	July	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2309	2011	2011	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2310	All	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2311	articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2312	needing	need	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2313	additional	additional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2314	references	reference	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2315	Pages	Pages	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2316	using	use	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2317	multiple	multiple	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2318	image	image	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2319	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2320	auto	auto	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2321	scaled	scale	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2322	images	image	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2323	All	all	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2324	articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2325	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2326	unsourced	unsourced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2327	statements	statement	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2328	Articles	article	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2329	with	with	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2330	unsourced	unsourced	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2331	statements	statement	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2332	from	from	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2333	November	November	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2334	2011	2011	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2335	CS1	CS1	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2336	:	:	:
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2337	abbreviated	abbreviate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2338	year	year	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2339	range	range	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2340	Commons	Commons	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2341	category	category	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2342	link	link	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2343	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2344	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2345	Wikidata	Wikidata	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2346	Navigation	Navigation	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2347	menu	menu	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2348	Personal	personal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2349	tools	tool	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2350	Not	not	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2351	logged	log	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2352	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2353	Talk	Talk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2354	Contributions	Contributions	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2355	Create	Create	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2356	account	account	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2357	Log	Log	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2358	in	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2359	Namespaces	Namespaces	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2360	Article	Article	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2361	Talk	talk	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2362	Variants	variant	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2363	Views	view	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2364	Read	read	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2365	Edit	edit	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2366	View	View	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2367	history	history	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2368	More	More	JJR
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2369	Search	Search	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2370	Navigation	Navigation	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2371	Main	Main	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2372	page	page	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2373	Contents	content	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2374	Current	current	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2375	events	event	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2376	Random	random	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2377	article	article	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2378	About	about	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2379	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2380	Contact	Contact	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2381	us	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2382	Donate	Donate	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2383	Contribute	contribute	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2384	Help	help	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2385	Learn	learn	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2386	to	to	TO
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2387	edit	edit	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2388	Community	community	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2389	portal	portal	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2390	Recent	recent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2391	changes	change	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2392	Upload	upload	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2393	file	file	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2394	Tools	tool	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2395	What	what	WP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2396	links	link	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2397	here	here	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2398	Related	relate	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2399	changes	change	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2400	Upload	upload	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2401	file	file	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2402	Special	special	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2403	pages	page	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2404	Permanent	permanent	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2405	link	link	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2406	Page	Page	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2407	information	information	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2408	Cite	cite	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2409	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2410	page	page	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2411	Wikidata	wikidata	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2412	item	item	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2413	Print	print	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2414	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2415	export	export	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2416	Download	Download	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2417	as	as	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2418	PDF	PDF	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2419	Printable	Printable	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2420	version	version	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2421	In	in	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2422	other	other	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2423	projects	project	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2424	Wikimedia	Wikimedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2425	Commons	Commons	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2426	Wikibooks	wikibook	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2427	Languages	language	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2428	Acèh	Acèh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2429	Afrikaans	Afrikaans	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2430	Alemannisch	Alemannisch	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2431	العربية	العربية	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2432	Aragonés	aragonés	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2433	ܐܪܡܝܐ	ܐܪܡܝܐ	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2434	Asturianu	Asturianu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2435	Azərbaycanca	Azərbaycanca	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2436	বাংলা	বাংলা	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2437	Bân	bân	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2438	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2439	lâm	lâm	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2440	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2441	gú	gú	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2442	Беларуская	Беларуская	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2443	Bikol	Bikol	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2444	Central	Central	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2445	Български	Български	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2446	Brezhoneg	Brezhoneg	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2447	Català	Català	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2448	Cebuano	Cebuano	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2449	Čeština	Čeština	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2450	Cymraeg	Cymraeg	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2451	Dansk	Dansk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2452	Deutsch	Deutsch	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2453	Ελληνικά	Ελληνικά	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2454	Emiliàn	Emiliàn	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2455	e	e	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2456	rumagnòl	rumagnòl	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2457	Español	Español	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2458	Esperanto	Esperanto	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2459	Euskara	Euskara	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2460	فارسی	فارسی	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2461	Français	Français	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2462	Frysk	Frysk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2463	Gaeilge	Gaeilge	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2464	Gaelg	Gaelg	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2465	Galego	Galego	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2466	𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺	𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2467	한국어	한국어	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2468	हिन्दी	हिन्दी	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2469	Hrvatski	Hrvatski	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2470	Ilokano	Ilokano	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2471	Bahasa	Bahasa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2472	Indonesia	Indonesia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2473	Interlingua	Interlingua	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2474	Íslenska	Íslenska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2475	Italiano	Italiano	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2476	עברית	עברית	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2477	Jawa	Jawa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2478	Kabɩyɛ	Kabɩyɛ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2479	ಕನ್ನಡ	ಕನ್ನಡ	XX
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2480	Kiswahili	Kiswahili	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2481	Kurdî	Kurdî	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2482	Ladino	Ladino	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2483	Latina	Latina	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2484	Latviešu	Latviešu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2485	Ligure	Ligure	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2486	Magyar	Magyar	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2487	Македонски	Македонски	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2488	Malagasy	Malagasy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2489	മലയാളം	മലയാളം	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2490	मराठी	मराठी	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2491	مازِرونی	مازِرونی	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2492	Bahasa	Bahasa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2493	Melayu	Melayu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2494	Minangkabau	Minangkabau	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2495	Mìng	Mìng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2496	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2497	dĕ̤ng	dĕ̤ng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2498	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2499	ngṳ̄	ngṳ̄	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2500	Nederlands	Nederlands	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2501	नेपाल	नेपाल	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2502	भाषा	भाषा	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2503	日本語	日本語	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2504	Norsk	Norsk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2505	bokmål	bokmål	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2506	Norsk	Norsk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2507	nynorsk	nynorsk	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2508	Occitan	Occitan	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2509	ਪੰਜਾਬੀ	ਪੰਜਾਬੀ	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2510	پنجابی	پنجابی	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2511	Papiamentu	Papiamentu	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2512	Piemontèis	Piemontèis	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2513	Plattdüütsch	Plattdüütsch	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2514	Polski	Polski	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2515	Português	Português	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2516	Română	Română	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2517	Runa	Runa	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2518	Simi	Simi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2519	Русский	Русский	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2520	Scots	scot	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2521	Shqip	Shqip	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2522	Simple	Simple	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2523	English	English	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2524	Српски	Српски	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2525	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2526	srpski	srpski	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2527	Srpskohrvatski	Srpskohrvatski	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2528	/	/	SYM
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2529	српскохрватски	српскохрватски	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2530	Suomi	Suomi	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2531	Svenska	Svenska	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2532	Tagalog	Tagalog	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2533	தமிழ்	தமிழ்	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2534	ไทย	ไทย	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2535	Türkçe	Türkçe	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2536	Українська	Українська	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2537	اردو	اردو	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2538	Vahcuengh	Vahcuengh	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2539	Tiếng	Tiếng	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2540	Việt	Việt	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2541	Walon	Walon	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2542	文言	文言	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2543	Winaray	Winaray	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2544	吴语	吴语	UH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2545	粵語	粵語	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2546	Zazaki	Zazaki	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2547	中文	中文	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2548	Edit	Edit	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2549	links	link	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2550	This	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2551	page	page	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2552	was	be	VBD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2553	last	last	RB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2554	edited	edit	VBN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2555	on	on	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2556	29	29	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2557	October	October	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2558	2020	2020	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2559	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2560	at	at	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2561	09:29	09:29	CD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2562	 	  	_SP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2563	(	(	-LRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2564	UTC	UTC	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2565	)	)	-RRB-
en-wikipedia-org-8590	481	2566	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	1	Text	text	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	2	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	3	available	available	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	4	under	under	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	5	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	6	Creative	Creative	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	7	Commons	Commons	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	8	Attribution	Attribution	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	9	-	-	HYPH
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	10	ShareAlike	ShareAlike	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	11	License	License	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	12	;	;	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	13	additional	additional	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	14	terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	15	may	may	MD
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	16	apply	apply	VB
en-wikipedia-org-8590	482	17	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	1	By	by	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	2	using	use	VBG
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	3	this	this	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	4	site	site	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	5	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	6	you	-PRON-	PRP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	7	agree	agree	VBP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	8	to	to	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	9	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	10	Terms	term	NNS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	11	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	12	Use	Use	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	13	and	and	CC
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	14	Privacy	Privacy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	15	Policy	Policy	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	483	16	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	1	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	2	®	®	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	3	is	be	VBZ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	4	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	5	registered	registered	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	6	trademark	trademark	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	7	of	of	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	8	the	the	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	9	Wikimedia	Wikimedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	10	Foundation	Foundation	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	11	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	12	Inc.	Inc.	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	13	,	,	,
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	14	a	a	DT
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	15	non	non	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	16	-	-	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	17	profit	profit	JJ
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	18	organization	organization	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	484	19	.	.	.
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	1	Privacy	privacy	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	2	policy	policy	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	3	About	about	IN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	4	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	5	Disclaimers	Disclaimers	NNPS
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	6	Contact	Contact	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	7	Wikipedia	Wikipedia	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	8	Mobile	Mobile	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	9	view	view	NN
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	10	Developers	Developers	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	11	Statistics	Statistics	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	12	Cookie	Cookie	NNP
en-wikipedia-org-8590	485	13	statement	statement	NN