id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-4171 Raqqa - Wikipedia .html text/html 8684 1160 74 Raqqa (Arabic: ٱلرَّقَّة‎, romanized: ar-Raqqah, also Raqa, Rakka and ar-Raqqah) is a city in Syria on the northeast bank of the Euphrates River, about 160 kilometres (99 miles) east of Aleppo. The Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine city and bishopric Callinicum (formerly a Latin and now a Maronite Catholic titular see) was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate between 796 and 809, under the reign of Harun al-Rashid. On 17 October 2017, following a lengthy battle that saw massive destruction to the city, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) declared the liberation of Raqqa from the Islamic State to be complete.[4] Syria still considers Raqqa to be an occupied city, and it can only be considered liberated when the Syrian Arab Army enters it".[32] ^ Raqqa: Isis 'capital' liberated by US-backed forces but civilians face months of hardship with city left devastated Archived 9 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Independent, 17 October 2017. ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-4171.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-4171.txt