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===Family origins===
Marcus's paternal family was of Roman [[Annia gens#Anni Verii|Italo-Hispanic origins]]. His father was [[Marcus Annius Verus (III)]].<ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.45180 | page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.45180/page/n225 439] | quote=Marcus Aurelius Malennius and Numa. |title = The English Cyclopædia: A New Dictionary of Universal Knowledge. Biography| publisher=Bradbury & Evans |last1 = Knight|first1 = Charles|year = 1856}}</ref> The [[Annia gens|gens Annia]] was of Italian origins (with legendary claims of descendance from [[Numa Pompilius]]) and a branch of it moved to [[Espejo, Córdoba|Ucubi]], a small town south east of [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] in Iberian [[Baetica]].<ref name=' Sánchez2010' >Sánchez, p. 165.</ref><ref>Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 29; McLynn, ''Marcus Aurelius: Warrior, Philosopher, Emperor'', p. 14.</ref> This branch of the Aurelii based in Roman Spain, the ''Annii Veri'', rose to prominence in Rome in the late 1st century AD. Marcus's great-grandfather Marcus Annius Verus (I) was a [[Roman Senate|senator]] and (according to the ''Historia Augusta'') ex-[[praetor]]; his grandfather [[Marcus Annius Verus (II)]] was made [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|patrician]] in 73–74.<ref>''HA Marcus'' i. 2, 4; Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 28; McLynn, ''Marcus Aurelius: A Life'', p. 14.</ref> Through his grandmother [[Rupilia]], Marcus was a member of the [[Nerva-Antonine dynasty]]; the emperor [[Trajan]]'s [[Ulpia Marciana|sororal]] niece [[Salonia Matidia]] was the mother of Rupilia and her half-sister, Hadrian's wife [[Vibia Sabina|Sabina]].<ref>Giacosa, p. 8.</ref><ref>Levick, pp. 161, 163.</ref>{{refn|Dio asserts that the Annii were near-kin of Hadrian, and that it was to these familial ties that they owed their rise to power.<ref>Dio 69.21.2, 71.35.2–3; Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 31.</ref> The precise nature of these kinship ties is nowhere stated, but is believed that [[Rupilia|Rupilia Faustina]] was the daughter of the consular senator [[Libo Rupilius Frugi]] and [[Salonina Matidia|Matidia]], who was also the mother (presumably through another marriage) of [[Vibia Sabina]], Hadrian's wife.<ref>''Codex Inscriptionum Latinarum'' 14.3579 {{Cite web |url=http://oracle-vm.ku-eichstaett.de:8888/epigr/epieinzel_en?p_belegstelle=CIL+14,+03579&r_sortierung=Belegstelle |title=Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss/Slaby |access-date=15 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429224027/http://oracle-vm.ku-eichstaett.de:8888/epigr/epieinzel_en?p_belegstelle=CIL+14,+03579&r_sortierung=Belegstelle |archive-date=29 April 2012 |url-status=dead}}; Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 29; McLynn, ''Marcus Aurelius: Warrior, Philosopher, Emperor'', pp. 14, 575 n. 53, citing Ronald Syme, ''Roman Papers'' 1.244.</ref>|group=note}}

Marcus's mother, [[Domitia Lucilla Minor]] (also known as Domitia Calvilla), was the daughter of the Roman patrician P. Calvisius Tullus and inherited a great fortune (described at length in one of [[Pliny the Younger|Pliny]]'s letters) from her parents and grandparents. Her inheritance included large brickworks on the outskirts of Rome – a profitable enterprise in an era when the city was experiencing a construction boom – and the ''Horti Domitia Calvillae'' (or ''Lucillae''), a villa on the [[Caelian hill]] of Rome.<ref>Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 29, citing Pliny, ''Epistulae'' 8.18.</ref><ref>Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 30.</ref> Marcus himself was born and raised in the ''Horti'' and referred to the Caelian hill as 'My Caelian'.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/fronto.html | title=M. Cornelius Fronto: Epistulae}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/newtopographical0000rich | url-access=registration | page=[https://archive.org/details/newtopographical0000rich/page/198 198] | quote=horti domizia lucilla. |title = A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome| publisher=JHU Press |isbn = 9780801843006|last1 = l. Richardson|first1 = jr|last2 = Richardson|first2 = Professor of Latin (Emeritus) L.|date = October 1992}}</ref><ref>''Ad Marcum Caesarem'' ii. 8.2 (= Haines 1.142), qtd. and tr. Birley, ''Marcus Aurelius'', p. 31.</ref>

The adoptive family of Marcus was of Roman [[Aurelia gens#Aueli Fulvi|Italo-Gallic origins]]: the [[Aurelia gens|gens Aurelia]], into which Marcus was adopted at the age of 17, was a [[Sabine]] gens; [[Antoninus Pius]], his adoptive father, came from the Aurelii Fulvi, a branch of the Aurelii based in [[Roman Gaul]].

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