List of ancient Germanic peoples - Wikipedia List of ancient Germanic peoples From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Redirected from Germanic tribes) Jump to navigation Jump to search Wikipedia list article This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article contains translated text and needs attention from someone fluent in German and English. Please see this article's entry on Pages needing translation into English for discussion. If you have just labeled this article as needing attention, please add {{subst:Needtrans|pg=List of ancient Germanic peoples |language=German |comments= }} ~~~~ to the bottom of the WP:PNTCU section on Wikipedia:Pages needing translation into English. This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (May 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This list of ancient Germanic peoples is a list of groups and alliances of ancient Germanic peoples in ancient times. These reports begin in the 2nd century BC and extend into late antiquity. Beginning with the states of the Early Middle Ages, the period in which earlier forms of kingship had a historical impact ends, with the exception of Northern Europe, where the Vendel Period from 550 AD to 800 AD and the subsequent Viking Age until 1050 AD are still seen in the Germanic context. The associations and locations of the numerous peoples and groups in ancient sources are subject to uncertainty and speculation, and classifications of ethnicity with a common culture or a temporary alliance of heterogeneous groups are disputed. For some, it is not even certain that these groups are Germanic in the broader linguistic sense, or in other words, that they consisted of speakers of a Germanic language. In this respect, the names listed here are not terms for ethnic groups in any modern sense, but the names of groups that were perceived in ancient and late antiquity as Germanic, that is, as peoples, groups, alliances and associations of the Barbaricum east of the Rhine and to the north of the Danube, also known as Germania, especially those that arrived during the Migration Period. Contents 1 In alphabetical order 2 Ancestors 3 Possible ethnolinguistic kinship 3.1 East Germanic peoples (Vandilians) 3.2 North Germanic peoples (Norsemen) 3.3 West Germanic peoples 4 Germanic peoples or tribes of unknown ethnolinguistic kinship 5 Ancient peoples with partially Germanic background 5.1 Germano-Celtic 5.2 Germano-Slavic 6 Ancient peoples of uncertain origin with possible Germanic or partially Germanic background 6.1 Mixed peoples that had some Germanic component 6.1.1 Celtic-Germanic-Iranian 6.2 Possible Germanic or non-Germanic peoples 6.2.1 Germanic or Slavic 6.2.2 Germanic or Celtic 6.2.3 Germanic or Dacian 6.2.4 Germanic or Iranian 6.2.5 Germanic or Uralic (Balto-Finnic) 7 Mythical founders 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links In alphabetical order[edit] This section has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This section needs expansion with: more Germanic tribes and more information about them like their ancient names (in Greek and Latin), descriptions, locations and sources, and more references (footnotes), like it was on the older revisions of this article in English. You can help by adding to it. (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. The present list is largely based on the list of Germanic tribal names and its spelling variants contained in the first register of the Reallexikons der Germanischen Altertumskunde.[1] The first column contains the English name and its variants, if one is common, otherwise the traditional ancient name. The second column contains ancient names of Latin and Greek authors, the latter both in transcription and in Greek. The third column gives a brief description followed by a location. The fifth column gives important sources of tradition for the group in question. The few ancient main sources for names and location of Germanic tribes are not linked. These are: Julius Caesar: Commentarii de Bello Gallico Jordanes: De origine actibusque Getarum, short Getica Ptolemy: Geography Tacitus: Germania Name Ancient name Description Location Sources A Adogit Hålogaland, the northernmost Norwegian Petty Kingdom. Between the Namdalen valley in Nord-Trøndelag and the Lyngen fjord in Troms. Jordanes Adrabaecampi Adrabaikampoi (´Αδραβαικαμποι) See Kampoi North of the Danube, south of Bohemia Ptolemy Aduatuci, Atuatuci Aduatici, Atouatikoi (Ἀτουατικοί) Left bank of the Rhine in the squad of the Belgian tribes against Caesar In the first century BC in the area of today's Tongeren (Belgium), between the Scheldt and the Meuse Julius Caesar Aelvaeones, Elouaiones, Elvaiones, Aelvaeones, Ailouaiones, Alouiones, Ailouones Alouiones (Αλουίωνες), Helouaiones ('Ελουαίωνες) See Helveconae Presumably at the middle Oder, today's Silesia Tacitus, Ptolemy Aglies Agradingun Saxon tribe Middle course of the Weser Ahelmil Scandza Jordanes Alemanni, Alamanni Alamanni From various Elbe Germanic tribes, among them probably Suebian tribes, armies and followers from the 3rd century on provincial Roman soil (Agri decumates) developed population group Core areas in Baden-Württemberg and Alsace, in Bavarian Swabia, German-speaking Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Vorarlberg Ambrones, Obrones, Ymbre Ambrones Participation of tribal groups in the train of the Cimbri and the Teutons at the end of the 2nd century BC Amoþingas Ampsivarii, Ampsivari, Amsivarii, Amsivari Ansibarii, Ansivaroi (Ἀνσιβαριοί) Southern neighbours of the Frisii 1st century in the lower Emsland Tacitus Anartes, Anarti, Anartii, Anartoi Anarti Possibly Germanic tribe in the border area between the Teutons and the Dacians Hungary or Romania Julius Caesar Angarii See Angrivarii Angeron Angisciri Tribe in the wake of Dengizich Jordanes Angles, Anglians Anglii, Angeiloi (Άγγειλοι), Angiloi (Άγγιλοι) At Tacitus to the Ingaevones counted North Germanic people Originally in Jutland (Schleswig-Holstein), later Mittelelb-Saale area, from 200 emigration to Great Britain Tacitus Anglevarii, Angleverii, Anglevaries, Angleveries Anglies Anglo-Saxons From the Angles and Saxons, as well as the Jutes, Frisii and Franks on British soil originated collecting people Southeastern England Angrivarii, Angrevarii, Angrivari, Angrevari, Angarii, Angerii, Angrii, Angari, Angeri, Angri, Aggeri, Angriouarroi, Aggerimenses, Angerienses Angrivarii, Angriouarioi (Αγγριουάριοι) In the 1st century, south of the Chauci, north of the Cherusci, northwest of the Dulgubnii and east of the Ampsivarii On the Weser, mainly on the right bank, from the tributary of the Aller to the Steinhuder Meer Aringon Armalausi, Armilausi Probably a part of the Hermunduri, in the 3rd and 4th centuries between the Alemanni and the Marcomanni Possibly in the Upper Palatinate Tabula Peutingeriana Arochi Arosaetan Ascomanni Designation of the Vikings at Adam of Bremen Astfalon Atmoni Auarinoi Augandxii Augandzi Avarpi, Auarpoi, Avarni Aviones, Auiones, Chaibones Aviones B Baemi, Baimoi Bainaib Baiuvarii, Bavarii, Baioarii, Baiovarii Bavarii Towards the end of the migration of peoples in the 5th century, people formed with the core area in Raetia and Noricum Altbayern, Austria and South Tyrol Banochaemae, Bainochaimai Bardes, Bards, Bardi Possibly a non-southward group of the Lombards South of the Elbe, in the area of Bardowick and Lüneburg Bardongavenses Bastarnae, Bastarni, Basternae Bastarnae Fights with the Romans in the 3rd century BC, probably outweigh Germanic tribe East side of the Carpathian Mountains to the mouth of the Danube estuary Polybius Batavi, Batavii, Batavians Batavi Originally allies of the Romans in the province of Gallia Belgica, 69 Revolt of the Batavi under Gaius Julius Civilis In the 1st century at the mouth of the Rhine Bateinoi, Batini Batini Bergio Betasii, Baetasi Baetasii Boutones Brisgavi, Brisigavi Brisgavi, Brisigavi Alemannic tribe in the 5th century Breisgau Brondings Bructeri, Boructuarii, Boruactii, Borchtii Bructeri, Boructuarii, Broukteroi (Βρούκτεροι) In the 1st century, opponents of the Romans in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest Between the middle Ems and the upper Lippe Bructuarii Bucinobantes Bucinobantes Alemannic tribe in the 4th century Main estuary at Mainz Ammianus Marcellinus Burgodiones Burgundians Burgundiones East Germanic people with late antique foundations on the Rhine and later the Rhone Buri Buri C Caemani Caemani, Paemani Caeroesi, Caerosi Caerosi, Caeroesi, Ceroesi, Cerosi Left Rhine Celto-Germanic tribe In the 1st century BC in the Eifel-Ardennes area Julius Caesar Calucones Campsiani Cananefates, Canninefates, Caninefates, Canenefatae Cannenefates, Canninefates, Cannenafates, Cannefates In the 1st century, western neighbours of the Batavi Around Voorburg in South Holland Cantware Caracates. Caeracates Possibly an old Northern German Celtic tribe of the Cimbri or a Vindelician tribe. Location unknown. Carpi, Carpiani Carpi, Carpiani Southeastern European people, classification as Germanic is controversial End of the 3rd century in Moesia and Dacia Caritni Ludwigshafen am Rhein Ptolemy Casuari Caulci Chaedini Chaideinoi Chaemae Chaetuori Chaituoroi (Χαιτούωροι) Chaibones, Aviones, Auiones Chaideinoi Chali Chali Chamavi Chamavi, Chamauoi (Χαμαυοί) Neighbours of the Angrivarii and Dulgubnii, eventually went into the Franks In the 1st century on the Lower Rhine Tacitus Charini, Charinni, Harii Charini, Harii Charudes See Harudes Chasuarii See Chattuarii Chatti, Catti, Cattai, Cathi, Cathai, Chattai, Chatthi, Chatthai Chatti, Catti, Cathi, Chattai (Χάτται), Chattoi (Χάττοι) In the 1st century, neighbours of the Suebi, precursors of the Hesse Valleys of the Eder, Fulda and the upper reaches of the Lahn Chattuarii, Chasuarii, Hasuarii, Attuarii Atthuarii, Attuarii, Chattouarioi (Χαττουάριοι) Chatvores, Catvori? Name is Greek or Latin in origin and means "bristle eater" Upper Palatinate Ptolemy Chaubi Chauboi (Χαῦβοι) Chauci Chauki, Chauchi, Cauci, Kauchoi (Καῦχοι), Kaukoi (Καῦκοι) From Tacitus to the Ingaevones counted tribe On both sides of the lower Weser Cherusci Cherusci, Cherouskoi (Χεροῦσκοι), Chairouskoi (Χαιρουσκοί) Tribe of Arminius, in the 1st century, opponents of the Romans On both sides of the upper Weser run in East Westphalia and in Lower Saxony to the Elbe Cilternsaetan, Ciltate/Ciltanati? Possibly a tribe of Etruscan origin or a tribe named after the Roman Plebeian family Cilnii. Cimbri Combri, Cymbri, Cimbri, Kimbroi (Κίμβροι) Along with the Teutons and Ambrones from 120 BC incidence in Gaul and Italy Originally probably northern Jutland. Most consider this tribe a confederation of Northern German Celtic tribes before their defeat against the Romans. If Celtic most likely a Q-Celtic speaking people. Clondicus Kloilios (Κλοίλιος), Claodikus Cobandi Jutland Coldui Condrusi Condrusi Celtic-Germanic mixed culture In the 1st century BC in the left bank of the Middle Rhine region Julius Caesar Corconti Korkontoi Crimean Goths Descendants of the Ostrogoths From the middle of the 3rd century on the Crimean peninsula Cugerni, Cuberni, Guberni Cugerni, Cuberni Tribe of the Rhine-Weser Germanic peoples In the 1st century in the left bank of the Lower Rhine (Kreis Kleve) Curiones D Daliterni Danduti Dandutoi (Δανδοῦτοι) Danes Dani, Danoi (Δανοι) From the 6th century in Scania and Jutland Scania and Jutland Procopius, Jordanes Danube Suebi Dauciones Daukiones (Δαυκίωνες) Deanas Deningei Derlingun Diduni Diduni Doelir Dorsaetan Dornware Dounoi Δοῦνοι Dulgubnii Dulgubnii, Dulgitubini, Dulcubuni In the 1st century, southeast of the Angrivarii and the Chamavi South of Hamburg in the area of the Lüneburg Heath and all around Celle Tacitus E East Herules, Ostherules East Saxons Eburones Eburones Probably Celtic tribe, counted from Caesar to the Germanic people Between the Rhine, Meuse, Rhineland, Northern Ardennes and Eifel Elbe Germans Archaeologically defined group of Germanic tribes (including the Semnones, Hermunduri, Quadi, Marcomanni and Lombards) From the Elbe estuary on both sides of the river to Bohemia and Moravia Elbe Suebi Elmetsaetan Elouaiones Ailouaiones (Αἰλουαίωνες), Alouiones (Αλουίωνες), Helouaiones ('Ελουαίωνες), Ailouones (Αἰλούονες), Helouones ('Ελουωνες) Endoses Eudoses Eudusii, Eudoses, Eduses, Edures, Eudures Eunixi Eutes see Jutes Evagre F Falchovarii Fariarix Farodini Favonae Favonae, Phauonai (Φαυόναι) Færpingas Feppingas Fervir Finnaithae Finnaithae Firaesi Phrisioi (Φρίσιοι), Phiraisoi (Φιραῖσοι) Firðir Firihsetan Virsedi Fosi, Fosii Fosi Small neighbouring tribe of the Cherusci, who went under with these In the 1st century in the headwaters of the Aller Franks Large tribal union, which integrated numerous Germanic tribes in late antiquity Right of the Rhine to the mouth of the Rhine estuary, from the 4th century onwards to Roman territory left of the Rhine Frisiavones Frisiavones, Frisaebones Rhine delta Pliny the Elder, Natural History 4,101; CIL 6, 3260 et al. Frisii, Frisians Frisii North Sea Germanic tribe, counted from Tacitus to the Ingaevones In the 1st century from the mouth of the Rhine to about the Ems Tacitus Frugundiones East of the Oder Ptolemy Frumtingas Fundusi Jutland G Gambrivii Gambrivi Probably near the Weser Strabo, Tacitus Gautigoths Gautigoth Probably in Västergötland Jordanes Geats Goutai (Γου̑ται), Geatas, Getae North Germanic people, often identified with the Goths Southern Sweden Ptolemy Geddingas Gegingas Gepids Gepidi, Gebidi, Gipedae From the middle of the 5th century, empire-building on the middle Danube, possibly related to the Goths Romania Jordanes, Procopius Gewisse, Gewissæ Saxon ethnic group in Britain At the end of the 5th century on the Upper Thames in England Gifle Gillingas Glomman Goths, Gotones, Gutones Gutones Split up during the Migration Period into the Visigoths and Ostrogoths, each with their own imperial formations on Roman soil At the turn of the day, north of the Vistula knee Jordanes Gotthograikoi Graioceli Grannii Granii Greuthungi, Greuthungs, Greutungi, Greutungs Greothingi, Grutungi, Grauthungi, Greutungi Another name of the Ostrogoths Ammianus Marcellinus, Jordanes Guddinges Guiones Gumeningas Gutes, Gotlanders H Haddingjar Hadubardes, Heaðobeardan Háleygir Hallin Hallin Halogit Harii Harii Tribe of the Lugii Between the Vistula and the Oder Tacitus Harudes, Charudes, Harothes Harudes, Charudes (Χαροῦδες), Arudes In the 1st century BC, allies of the Ariovistus against Caesar To Ptolemy in the middle of the 2nd century in Jutland Julius Caesar, Ptolemy Hasdingi, Asdingi, Haddingjar Tribe of the Vandals In the 2nd century in Romania and Hungary Hedeninge Heinir, Heiðnir Helisii Helusii Hellusii Helveconae, Helvaeonae, Helvecones, Helvaeones, Helouaiones Helvecones Tribe of the Lugii Between the Vistula and the Oder Tacitus Herefinnas Herminones, Erminones, Hermiones, Irminones Herminones Large group of Germanic people, occupying the middle between the Ingaevones and the Istvaeones Tacitus, Pliny the Elder, Pomponius Mela Hermunduri, Ermunduri, Hermanduri, Hermunduli, Hermonduri, Hermonduli Ermunduri, Hermunduri Elbe Germanic tribe Upper reaches of the Elbe Herules, Erules, Heruli, Eruli Eruli, Erouloi (Ερουλοι) Participants in the parades of the Goths From the middle of the 3rd century on the north coast of the Black Sea Hilleviones Hilleviones Holstens, Holcetae Holtsaeten Holtsati Hordar Hreiðgoths Hringar Hugones Hundingas See Hundings Widsith I Incriones, Inkriones Inkriones (ιγκριονες) Tribe of the Rhine-Weser Germanic peoples, middle of the 2nd century, neighbours of the Tencteri Between the Rhine and the Taunus Ptolemy Ingaevones, Ingvaeones, Ingwaeones, Inguaeones, Inguiones, Ingwines, Guiones Ingvaeones, Ingaevones, Ingvaenoes, Inguaeones Large group of Germanic tribes located on the North Sea coast by Tacitus Tacitus, Pliny the Elder Inguiones Inguaii, Ingwaii Intuergi Intouergoi, Intouergoi (Ιντουεργοι) Between the Rhine and the Taunus Ptolemy Irminones, Herminones, Hermiones Istvaeones, Istaevones, Istriaones, Istriones, Sthraones Istvaenoes, Istaevones Large group of Germanic tribes located on the Rhine by Tacitus Tacitus J Jutes, Eudoses, Eutes, Euthiones Eurii, Eutii, Eucii, Euthiones Originally in Jutland, later in the south of Great Britain Until the 5th century on Jutland Juthungi Iouthungi, Iuthungi Probably an Alemannic tribe From the 3rd to the 5th century, north of the Danube and Altmühl K Kampoi, Campi, Campes Kampoi (Κάμποι) Group of unclear destination north of the Danube and south of Bohemia in the 2nd century Ptolemy Kvenir, Kvanes L Lacringi Landoudioi, Landi Landi, Landoudioi From the 1st century on the Lahn in Middle Hesse Strabo, Ptolemy Lemovii, Lemonii Lemovii At Tacitus neighbours of the Rugii and Goths From the 1st century, southern Baltic Sea coast between the Oder and the Vistula Lentienses, Linzgau Lentienses Alemannic tribe Mid-3rd century between the Danube in the north, Iller in the east and Lake Constance in the south Ammianus Marcellinus Levoni Liothida Little Goths Gothi minores Group of the Goths, Ulfilas tribe, at the time of the Jordanes in the area of Nicopolis in Moesia South bank of the lower Danube Jordanes Lombards, Longobards, Langobards, Winili, Winnili, Winnilers Langobardi, Langobardoi (Λαγγοβάρδοι) Part of the Suebi, from the middle of the 6th century founding of the empire in Italy (Kingdom of the Lombards) In the 1st century BC on the lower Elbe Lugii, Lygii Lugii, Lúgioi M Maiates, Maiati Manimi Manimi Tribe of the Lugii Between the Vistula and the Oder Tacitus Marcomanni Marcomanni Possibly a tribe of the Suebi, from the middle of the 2nd century, opponents of the Romans in the Marcomannic Wars In the 1st century in Bohemia Marezaten Marobudui Marsaci Marsi, Marsigni Marsi, Marsoí (Μαρσοί), Marsigni Destroyed after participation in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in the year 14 by Germanicus Between the Rhine, Ruhr and Lippe Marvingi Marouingoi Lower Saxony/North Rhine-Westphalia Ptolemy Mattiaci Mattiaci, Mattiakoi (Ματτιακοί) Probably a part of the Chatti, Romanised from the 1st century Around Wiesbaden, in the Taunus and in the Wetterau Menapii, Manapi Menapii Celtic-Germanic mixed people, subjugated by Caesar in the 1st century BC in Gallia Belgica Lower Rhine, Flanders Julius Caesar Merscware Mimmas Mixi Called by Jordanes as residents of Scandza Scandinavia Jordanes Moselle Franks, Mosellians Subset of the Franks, separated from the Ripuarian Franks in the 5th century Upper Rhine and Moselle Mugilones Mougilones Myrgingas East Frisian part of the Frisii, who settled around 700 in Nordfriesland Nordfriesland, Tönnern, Rungholdt Widsith N Nahanarvali, Naharvali Nahanarvali, Naharvali Tribe of the Lugii Between the Vistula and the Oder Tacitus Narisci, Naristi, Varisti, Varasci, Varisci Naristi, Varisti, Varistae Neighbours of the Marcomanni, Quadi and Armalausi Upper Palatinate, Upper Franconia and North Bohemia Tacitus Neckar Suebi Suebi Nicrenses Romanised tribe of the Suebi In the 1st and 2nd century in the area of Ladenburg Nemetes Nemetai (Νεμῆται) (Probably Germanic) allies of the Ariovistus In the 1st century BC on the Rhine between Lake Constance and Palatinate Julius Caesar Nertereanes Nervii Nervii Strongly Celtic Germanic tribe[2][3] In the Gallia Belgica between the Meuse and the Scheldt in the north and the west of today's Belgium Julius Caesar, Tacitus Nictrenses Nistresi Njars Nordliudi Normans Collective name for the Northern European Germanic tribes, which undertook raids in the 8th and 11th century to the south (England, Ireland, Francia, the Mediterranean and present-day Russia), also synonymous with the Vikings North Suebi Nuithones, Nuitones O Omanii Ostrogoths Ostrogothi, Ostrogoti, Ostrogotae, Ostrogothae, Austrogothi Part of the Goths, first in Pannonia, then empire-building in Italy Jordanes Otingis P Paemani, Permani Paemani, Caemani Left Rhine Celto-Germanic people Eifel, Ardennes Julius Caesar Parmaecampi Parmaikampoi (Παρμαικαμπο) See Kampoi North of the Danube in Bavaria Ptolemy Peucini Part of the Bastarnae Tacitus Peucmi Phalians As Germanic "natives" of Westphalia and Eastphalia constructed tribe Pharodini Pharadinoi Mecklenburg Q Quadi Quadi Tribe of the Suebi, participants of the Marcomannic Wars Tacitus Quirounoi? Possibly a mistaken transliteration of the Greek name Ούίρουνοι = Oúírounoi; O and not Q, mistaken O for a Q? Initial Greek Ou = W; Viruni in Latin; possibly a variant of Varini? Ουαρίνοι - Ouarínoi = Warínoi R Raetovari Raetobarii Alemannic tribe Probably in Nördlinger Ries Ragnaricii, Ranii Raumarici Reudignes, Reudinges, Reudinges, Reudingi, Holstens Ripuarian Franks, Ripuarians, Ripuarii, Rhinefranks, Rhine Franks Subset of the Franks in the Middle Rhine Rosomoni Rosomoni Routiklioi Rugii, Rygir, Rugians Rugii Moved in the Migration Period with the Goths to the south Originally between the Vistula and the Oder, later empire-building in Lower Austria Rus' See Varangians S Sabalingioi Sabalingioi Jutland Sahslingun Salian Franks, Salians Salii Part of the Franks Originally from the Lower Rhine to the Salland on the IJssel, then in North Brabant and later in the Tournai area Saxons Saxones West Germanic people's Association of the Chauci, Angrivarii and Cherusci From the 1st century in northwest Germany and the east of the Netherlands Scopingun Scordisci Related to the Bastarnae according to Titus Livy Šar Mountains to Singidunum in the Balkans Titus Livy Scotelingun Sedusii Sedusii Ally of the Ariovistus, classified by Caesar as Germanic Julius Caesar Segni Segni Semnones Semnones (Σεμνόνες) Part of the Suebi, at Tacitus their tribe Around 100 between the Elbe and the Oder from the Bohemian border to the Havel Tacitus Sibini Sibinoer Sicambri Sugambri Sidini Western Pomerania Sidones Sigambres See Sugambri Silingi, Silings Silingae Part of the Vandals Silesia, later Andalusia Singulones Sigulones Jutland Sitones, Sithones Neighbours of the Suiones Probably Scandinavia Tacitus Skirii, Scirii Moved with the Bastarnae to the south, in the 5th century short imperial formation in Pannonia Steoringun Sturii Sturii Sturmarii Sturmera Suarines, Suardones Suarines, Suarmes, Smarines Tribe of the Suebi Around Lake Schwerin in Mecklenburg Suebi, Suevi, Suavi, Suevians, Swabians Suebi, Suewi, Sueboi (Σύηβοι) Important Germanic tribal group, to which according to Tacitus the Semnones, Marcomanni, Hermunduri, Quadi and Lombards belonged In the northeast of Germania on the Baltic Sea up to the German Central Uplands Tacitus Suetides Sugambri, Sigambri, Sugambi, Sigambri Sugambri, Sygambri, Sugambroi (Σύγαμβροι), Sugumbri, Sucambri, Sycambres, Sugameri 7 BC defeated by Tiberius and settled on the left of the Rhine In the 1st century left-bank areas on the Meuse Suiones, Suones, Sueones, Suehans, Sweones, Swiones, Sviones Suiones Northern European sea people described by Tacitus Possibly Scandinavia Sulones Sunuci, Sinuci, Sunici Sunuci Possibly precursors of the Ubii In the 1st and 2nd century in the Rhineland between Aachen and Jülich Swedes, Svear Svea North Germanic tribe Svealand in the region of the Mälaren river valley as well as Uppland, Gästrikland, Västmanland and Södermanland T Taetel Taifals Taifali, Taifalae, Theifali Probably a Germanic tribe in the group of the Visigoths From the 3rd century in Dacia and Moesia Tencteri, Tenchteri, Tenctheri Tencteri, Toncteri, Tenkteroi (Τέγκτηροι) Northern neighbours of the Usipetes, opponents of Caesar In the 1st century BC on the Lower Rhine Thervingi, Tervingi, Teruingi Tervingi See Visigoths Thelir Thilir, Þilir, teler, telar The Migration Period and the Viking Age The region now known as Upper Telemark in modern Norway Teuriochaimai Teutonoari Unterelbe (Lower Elbe) Teutons Teutoni, Teutones Together with the Cimbri and the Ambrones from the 120 BC invasion of Gaul and Italy Originally Jutland, south of the Cimbri Texuandri Theustes Thiadmariska Thiadmariski Thuringii, Thuringians, Turingi, Toringi Thueringi, Tueringi, Thuringin, Turingi In the 3rd or 4th century from the Angles, Warini and other originated tribal groups Between the Thuringian Forest, Werra, Harz and the Elbe Texandri, Texuandri, Taxandri, Toxandrians Between the rivers Meuse and Scheldt in the Belgian-Dutch border region[4] Treveri, Treviri Treverii, Treviri, Treveri Strongly Celtic Germanic tribe[5][3] From the Rhine[6] to the land of the Remi Julius Caesar, Tacitus Triboci, Tribocci Triboces, Triboci, Tribocci, Tribochi, Tribocchoi (Τριβόκχοι) In the 1st century BC, allies of the Ariovistus On the Rhine around Strasbourg and Haguenau Julius Caesar, Ptolemy Tubantes, Tubanti Tubanti, Tubantes, Toubantoi (Τούβαντοι) In the 1st century, opponents of Germanicus End of the migration period in the eastern Netherlands in the Twente region Tacitus Tulingi Possibly Celto-Germanic tribe Julius Caesar Tungri, Tungrians, Tungrii, Tongri Tungri, Tongri Opponents of Caesar in the 1st century BC Left side of the Rhine around Tongeren Julius Caesar, Tacitus Turcilingi, Torcilingi, Thorcilingi Turcilingae Turones, Turoni Turoni Possibly Celto-Germanic tribe, south and later southeast of the Chatti (see Thuringii above) Ptolemy Twihanti, Twihantes, Tuihanti, Tuihantes Tuihanti Tylangii U Ubii Ubii Originally right of the Rhine Germanic, subjected to Caesar and from the early imperial period on the left bank of the Rhine and Romanised Originally from the Sieg over the Lahn to the lower Main, later in the area of Bonn and Cologne Ulmerugi Urugundes Incursions around 256 into the Roman Empire Lower Danube Zosimus Usipetes, Usipii Usipetes, Usipii, Ousipetai (Ουσιπέται), Ousipioi (Ουσίπιοι) In the 1st century BC, opponents of Caesar On the right bank of the Lower Rhine V Vagoths Probably on Gotland Valagoths Vandals Vandali, Vanduli, Vandaloi (Οὐανδαλοί), Wandeloi (Βανδῆλοι), Wandiloi (Βανδίλοι) Originally in the northeastern Germania, during the Migration Period in Spain and North Africa, plunder of Rome 455 Vangiones Vangiones Affiliation to Celts or Germanic peoples not secured Area around Worms, Germany (Civitas Vangionum) Varangians Similar to the Vikings' and Normans' name for the northern European Germanic people, who came on their journeys into contact with Slavic peoples (there also as Rus') and over the Volga and the Black Sea to Byzantium Varini See Warini Varisci Victophalians Vidivarii Vidivarii According to Jordanes, a mixed people At the mouth of the Vistula Jordanes Vinoviloth Viruni Mecklenburg Visburgii Wisburgi Between the Upper Oder and the Vistula[7] Visigoths, Thervingi Visigothi, Wisigothae, Tervingi Part of the Goths, plunder of Rome 410, Visigothic Kingdom in southwestern Gaul and Spain Jordanes Vispi South of Caritner Vistula Veneti, Baltic Veneti, Veneti Venedi, Venetae, Venedae Possibly Germanic people in eastern Germania W Waledungun Warini, Varini Varini, Varinae, Ouarinoi (Ουαρίνοι) Smaller, after Tacitus unwarlike tribe Northern Germany Tacitus West Herules, Westherules Independent group of the Herules on the Black Sea, which appears as Roman auxiliary troops and in the 5th century as pirates in appearance Winnilers, Winnili, Winili See Lombards X Y Z Zumi Ancestors[edit] Map 1: Indo-European migrations as described in The Horse, the Wheel, and Language by David W. Anthony Proto-Indo-Europeans (Proto-Indo-European speakers) Proto-Germanics (Proto-Germanic speakers) Possible ethnolinguistic kinship[edit] The expansion of the Germanic tribes 750 BCE – 1 CE (after the Penguin Atlas of World History 1988):    Settlements before 750 BCE    New settlements by 500 BCE    New settlements by 250 BCE    New settlements by 1 CE Map 3: One proposed theory for approximate distribution of the primary Germanic dialect groups, and matching peoples, in Europe around the year 1 AD: North Germanic peoples:   North Germanic - Norsemen: Suiones/Swedes, Geats/Scandinavian Goths, Gutes, Danes, Raumarici, Arothi, Adogit, others West Germanic peoples:   North Sea Germanic - Ingvaeonic peoples - Jutes, Angles, Saxons, Chauci, Frisii/Frisians, others   Weser-Rhine Germanic - Istvaeonic peoples: Franks, others   Elbe Germanic - Herminonic/Irminonic peoples: Suebes/Alemanni, Swabians, Hermunduri/Thuringians, Marcomanni, Quadi, Bavarians, others East Germanic peoples:   East Germanic - Vandilic peoples: Goths, Burgundians, Vandals, Gepids, Rugii, Buri, Herules, others East Germanic peoples (Vandilians)[edit] Map 4: Gothic associated regions and archaeological cultures.   Götaland   the island of Gotland   Wielbark culture in the early 3rd century   Chernyakhov culture, in the early 4th century   Roman Empire Avarpi Burgundians / Burgundiones / Burgundes / Burgodiones (Frugundiones? may have been a variant of Burgundiones with the "B" as an "F" Furgundiones > Frugundiones) (Urugundes? may have been a variant of Burgundes without the initial "B" (B)urugundes > Urugundes, i.e. the Burgundians) (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Burgundian Kingdom) (Burgundians or part of them may have dwelt in Bornholm island for a time - old name of the island was Borgundarholm) (they were assimilated by the Gallo-Roman majority, however their ethnonym was the origin for the name of the region Burgundy - Bourgogne): Nibelungs (Old German) / Niflung (Old Norse), clan that was the Burgundian royal house known as Gibichungs (Old German) or Gjúkings (Old Norse) Goths / Gothones / Gutones / Gautae / Geats Gepids Goths / Hreidgoths Gothi Minores Greuthungi (direct ancestors or an older name of the Ostrogoths) Ostrogoths / Hreiðgoths (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Pannonia, northern Illyria and Italia) (they were assimilated by the Italo-Roman majority) Crimean Goths (existed as a people until 16th and 17th centuries in southern Crimea Peninsula or Taurida Peninsula) (they were later assimilated by Crimea Germans, Black Sea Germans, Crimean Greeks and Crimean Tatars) Thervingi (direct ancestors or an older name of the Visigoths) Visigoths (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Visigothic Kingdom in Southern Gaul and Hispania) (they were assimilated by the Hispano-Roman majority) Herules, East Germanic (East Germanic Herules) East Herules West Herules Lemovii (=Turcilingi?) (also probably identical with Widsith's Glommas, Glomma or Glomman was the singular form) Lugians (Longiones?) (=Vandals?) Buri (Lugi Buri) (part of the Buri accompanied the Suebi in their invasion of Hispania, the Iberian Peninsula, and established themselves in a mountainous area of modern northern Portugal in the 5th century. They settled in the region between the rivers Cávado and Homem, in the area known as Terras de Bouro (Lands of the Buri) - Bouros = Buri - Buros in the masculine accusative Latin declension) Diduni (Lugi Diduni) / Dunii / Duni (Δοῦνοι - Doūnoi was the Greek variant of the Latin name) Harii Helisii / Elysii / Helusii / Hellusii Manimi / Omani? / Omanii? (Lugi Omani?) (the Omani may have been the same as the Manimi) Marsigni Vandals / Vandilii (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they migrated towards West allied with a Sarmatian Iranian people, the Alans, and founded the Vandalic Kingdom first in the Southern and Western regions of Hispania, Iberian Peninsula, the Hasdingi Vandals, settled in Gallaecia, the Silingi vandals settled in Baetica, roughly today's Andalusia; sometime after many left Hispania, and migrated to North Africa) (they were assimilated by the Hispano-Roman majority in Hispania, however their ethnonym was the origin for the name of the region Andalusia - (V)andalusia and for the Arabic name of Hispania and the Iberian Peninsula - Al-Andalus) (they were assimilated by the Berber majority and African-Romans in North Africa, including the Moors, in the narrow sense, the descendants of the Mauri) Asdingi / Astingi / Hasdingi (Haddingjar?) Helvecones / Helveconae / Aelvaeones / Elouaiones (possibly the Ilwan and Eolas[8] of Widsith; Eolas was the nominative plural and Eolum the dative plural) Lacringes / Lacringi Nahanarvali Silingi (same as the Nahanarvali?) (at one point they lived in Silesia, and the name of this region could be derived from their ethnonym as well as, although indirectly, Andalusia - (V)andal-usia, where Silingi Vandals initially settled in Hispania) Victohali / Victuali / Victabali Rugi / Rugii / / Ulmerugi / Variant Latin name for the Rugians: Rugiclei? / Greek names and variants for the Rugians: Rougíklioi / Routiklioi Scirii (Skirians) Angisciri Sulones (may have been the same as the Silingi) Turcilingi / Torcolingi (may have been ancestors of part of the Thuringians) Vidivarii Visburgi / Visburgii North Germanic peoples (Norsemen)[edit] Map 5: Possible map of Scandza, with a selection of tribes Map 6: Relief map of the Faroe Islands. Map 7: Travels of the first Scandinavians in Iceland during the ninth century AD or CE, Settlement of Iceland time. Map 8: A map of the Eastern Settlement on Greenland, covering approximately the modern municipality of Kujalleq. Eiriksfjord (Erik's fjord) and his farm Brattahlid are shown, as is the location of the bishopric at Garðar, Greenland. East North Germanic (East Scandinavians) Ahelmil Aviones / Chaibones / Eowan (more probably they lived in Öland island, southeastern Sweden, and not in Jutland Peninsula) Bergio Brondingas / Brondingar (Brondings) (East North Germanic tribe that lived in the island of Brännö, west of Gothenburg in the Kattegatt) Danes (Germanic tribe): Scyldingas (Skjöldungar) clan Dauciones Eunixi Evagreotingis / Evagres Favonae Fervir (in Fyæræ) Finnaithae (old name for Finnveden, the name derives from an old Germanic word for hunters - finn, they were not necessarily Finnic or Saami) (they lived in Finnveden, Western Småland) Firaesi / Phiraisoi Gevlegas / Gevlegar (Gefflegas / Gevlegs) (East North Germanic tribe that dwelt in today's Gävleborg County) Goths, Scandinavian (Scandinavian Goths) Geats / Gautigoths, Scandinavian (Scandinavian Gautigoths) / Gautae Ostrogothae, Scandinavian (Scandinavian Ostrogoths): Wulfings / Ylfings clan Gutes / Gotlanders / Vagoths / Valagoths Hallin / Hilleviones? (possibly they lived in Halland and were the same as the tribe called Hallin by Jordanes) Hälsingas / Hälsingar (Hälsings) (East North Germanic tribe that lived in Hälsingland) Herules, Scandinavian (Scandinavian Herules / Erules) Hocings (tribe or clan of Hnæf, son of Hoc Healfdene - Hoc, the Half Dane, mentioned by Widsith, may have been the same chieftain known as Haki by the Norsemen, mentioned in the Ynglinga Saga) Levoni / Levonii Liothida Mixi Njars Otingis Sitones Suðrmenn (in Södermanland) Suiones / Sviones / Suehans / Suetidi / Suetides (ancient Swedes) (Svíar): Wægmunding clan; Ynglings / Scylfings clan (Scylfingas / Skilfingar) Västermännen (in Västmanland) (Svionic tribe that lived to the west of Uppland) (not to be confused with the Vestmenn - Old Norse word for the Gaels of Ireland and Britain) Virdar (in Småland) Theustes Vinili / Winnili / Vinoviloth (Scandinavian Lombards or Longobards or Langobards): Hundingas / Hundings clan? Normans - they were formed by the merger and assimilation of a North Germanic minority (that mainly came from Denmark - East North Germanics, but also Norway, and Iceland - West North Germanics) and Frankish (West Germanic) minority with a Gallo-Roman majority, ethnogenesis of the native people inhabiting Normandy, in France West North Germanic (West Scandinavians) Adogit / Halogit / Háleygir (they lived in Hålogaland) (northernmost Germanic tribe) Aprochi Arothi ("Arochi") Augandii / Augandzi (Egðir) / Augandxii (in Agder, southern Norway) Chaedini / Chaedenoi (possibly in Hedemark / Hedmark) Doelir (possibly a tribe that lived inland, in the valleys of Dalen, Telemark, Tokke, Telemark, many of the counties were based on older tribal lands or territories) Filir / Fjalir Firdir (tribe that lived in today's Sogn og Fjordane county, Firdafylke was one of two historic counties, many of the counties were based on older tribal lands or territories) Granni / Grenir Haðar Háleygir Heinir / Heiðnir (Chaideinoi / Haednas) (in Hedmark, Norway) Horðar (in Hordaland, known before as Hordafylke, many of the counties were based on older tribal lands or territories) (not originating from the Charudes/Harudes in Jutland) Hringar (name means "rings", from hring - "ring") Lidingar / Lidingas[9] Jamtr / Jamtar Ragnaricii / Aeragnaricii Rani / Ranii / Renir Raumarici / Raumariciae / Raumar (Heatho-Reams of Widsith) (they lived in today's Romerike) Rugi, Scandinavian (Scandinavian Rugi) / Rygir (Holmrygir of Widsith) Taetel Throwenas / Throwenar (Throwens of Widsith) (West North Germanic tribe that possibly dwelt in Trøndelag) Wrosnas (mentioned by Widsith as a tribe ruled by Holen, possibly from Holen) Old Faroese / Old Faroe Islanders (formed by the merger of several West North Germanic tribes with the addition of Celtic Gaels that settled in the Faroe islands) Old Icelanders (formed by the merger of several West North Germanic tribes with the addition of Celtic Gaels that settled in Iceland) (they were organized in clans in the Icelandic Commonwealth - Icelandic clans: Ásbirningar; Haukdælir; Oddaverjar; Sturlungar; Svínfellingar; Vatnsfirðingar) Greenland Norsemen (mainly descendants from Old Icelanders that settled in Norse Greenland) Vikings (in the Western Europe) / Varangians (in the Eastern Europe) (generic word for warriors, marauders and traders of Scandinavian or Norse i.e. North Germanic origin that went to or returned from other lands regardless of the tribe, they were not a specific Norse tribe or a Norse ethnic group, their arising in History is called Viking Age) (they contributed to the formation of the Rus’ people and Kievan Rus' loose federation that was ruled by the Varangian Rurik dynasty) / Ascomanni (name for the Vikings by Adam of Bremen) West Germanic peoples[edit] Map 9: Depiction of Magna Germania in the early 2nd century including the location of many ancient Germanic peoples and tribes (by Alexander George Findlay 1849) Map 10: Early Roman Empire with some ethnic names in and around Germania Map 11: Suebic migrations across Europe. Map 12: Lombard migration from Scandinavia Map 13: Old Saxony. The later stem duchy of Saxony (circa 1000 AD), which was based in the Saxons' traditional homeland bounded by the rivers Ems, Eider and Elbe. Saxon tribes (after later Saxon expansion) and their lands are also shown. Map 14: Migration of Angles, Saxons and Jutes towards Britannia, today's England, and their settlement in the 5th and 6th centuries AD. Map 15: The tribes of the Tribal Hidage. Where an appropriate article exists, it can be found by clicking on the name. Map 16: Subdivisions of Mercia, almost all of them matched Middle Anglian individual tribes or groups of tribes, except for the Middle Saxons, see Tribal Hidage. Map 17: Approximate location of the original Frankish tribes in the 3rd century (in green). Map 18: Salian settlement in Toxandria in 358 where Julian the Apostate made them dediticii.   Roman Empire   Salian Franks   Germanic tribes east of the Rhine Elbe Germanics (Herminones / Hermiones / Irminones) Baemi-Baenochaemae Baemi / Baimoi Baenochaemae / Banochaemae Bateinoi Calucones (ancient Germanic tribe, not to be confuse with the Calucones, a Rhaetian tribe) Caritni / Carini Chatti-Mattiaci (originally they were an Elbe Germanic people later assimilated by the Istvaeones or Wesser-Rhine peoples, it was by the merger of the Istvaeones tribes with the Chatti and related tribes that the Franks were formed) Chatti / Hatti (their ethnonym may have originated the name Hesse by phonetic change over time) Mattiaci Batavi-Cananefates Batavi Cananefates / Canninefates Chasuarii / Hasuarii (closely related or not to the Chatti) Chattuarii / Attoarii / Hattuarii / Hetware (possibly mentioned in Beowulf as Hetwaras) (they lived in Hettergouw or Hetter gouw) (closely related or not to the Chatti) Chatvores Cherusci (some were assimilated by the Mainland Saxons to the north) Fosi Marvingi / Marouingoi Suebes / Suebi or Alemanni (synonymous with the Suebes in the broad sense) (large tribal confederation) Brisgavi Bucinobantes Butones / Boutones Corconti Hermunduri Armalausi Campi (tribe on the river Cham or Chamb, tributary of the Regen, close to Cham city) Adrabaecampi / Campi Parmaecampi Curiones Danduti Vangiones / Vargiones / Woingas (of Widsith) Thuringians (Thuringii / Toringi) (formed by the merging of Hermunduri tribes, a tribal confederation part of the Elbe Germanic peoples) (some Turcilingi or Torcolingi were assimilated to the Thuringians) (some Thuringians joined the Longobardian migration towards south) Graffelti[10] (a late Thuringian tribe that lived in Grabfeld) Lentienses Lombards / Langobards / Longobards (Vinili) (Elbe Germanic Lombards) (they lived in Lüneburg Heath) (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Lombard Kingdom) (they were assimilated by the Italo-Roman majority, however their ethnonym was the origin for name of the region Lombardy - Lombardia) Bardes Heaðobards / Hadubardes / Heaðubeardan (Headubarden) Marcomanni Baiuvarii (Bavarians) Mugilones Nertereanes Quadi / Coldui / Danube Suebi Old Swabians (Danube Suebi that migrated westward) (they had a close relation with the Upper Rhine Alemanni and were descendants from common ancestors but they migrated in an East towards West migration route through the Danube from what is today's Moravia and from there from the Elbe basin in even older times, until they settled in Swabia) (ancestors of Swabian German speakers) Suebi, Gallaecian (Gallaecian Suebi) (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Kingdom of the Suebi in Gallaecia, Northwestern Iberian Peninsula, roughly in today's Galicia, North Portugal and North Central Portugal, Asturias and León) (Suevos) Racatriae / Racatae Raetovari Scotingi Sedusii (a Germanic tribe that dwelled across the eastern region of the Rhine river and was part of the Suebic tribal confederation, mentioned by Julius Caesar) Semnones Iuthungi / Juthungi (descendants of the Semnones) Sibini Sidini Suarines / Suardones (they may have lived in Schwerin region) Suebi Nicrenses / Suebi, Neckar (Neckar Suebi) / Nictrenses / Upper Alemanni (Upper Rhine Alemanni, ancestors of Alemannic German speakers - Alemanni in the narrow sense) (they had a close relation with the Old Swabians and were descendants from common ancestors but they migrated in a direct North towards South migration route from the Elbe basin until they settled in Alemannia or Alamannia and Eastern Upper Burgundy, roughly in today's Western and Western Central Baden-Wurtenberg - Neckar river basin, Baden, Alsace, Lake Constance - Bodensee region, and Central Switzerland): Ahalolfings or Alaholfings Sudini Teuriochaemae / Teuriochaimai Triboci Varisti / Varisci / Narisci / Naristi Victophalians[11] / Victofalians / Victophali / Victofali Zumi Teutonari / Teutonoari Varini / Warini / Auarinoi (may have been the same as the Varini, a variant name in Greek) / Viruni / Quirounoi? or Oúírounoi (possibly a mistaken transliteration of the Greek Ούίρουνοι = Oúírounoi - Viruni in Latin) / Warni / Viruni / Pharodini? / Farodini? (may have been the same as the Varini or Viruni) North Sea Germanics (Ingaevones / Ingvaeones) Ambrones (possibly the Imbers / Ymbers / Ymbrum of Widsith, tribe that dwelt in Jutland or in the Emmer (Ambriuna) river region; also they could have lived in the Island of Amrum, in the Atlantic coast, or in the island of Imbra, now known as Fehmarn, in the Baltic coast) Ampsivarii / Amsivarii Angles / Anglies Island Angles / Insular Angles (in England they merged with Saxons and Jutes to form the new ethnolinguistic group of the Anglo-Saxons) Mainland Angles / Continental Angles (later assimilated by the Danes in Angeln, Schleswig, North part of Schleswig-Holstein and by Frisians, North Frisians, in Southern Jutland Peninsula Atlantic coast and islands) (Aglies? a possible variant of the name Angles) Anglevarii / Angrivarii (Angrarii / Angarii) (later assimilated by the Saxons) Angrivarii (Angrarii / Angarii) (later assimilated by the Saxons) Caulci (possibly a North Sea Germanic tribe mentioned by Strabo, he wrote that they lived close to the Ocean - the North Sea, they are mentioned along with North Sea Germanic tribes - Ingaevones) Chali / Hallinger Charudes / Harudes / Arochi Chaubi (possibly a North Sea Germanic tribe mentioned by Strabo, he wrote that they lived close to the Ocean - the North Sea, they are mentioned along with North Sea Germanic tribes - Ingaevones) Chauci Chauci Maiores Chauci Minores / Hugas (Saxon Hugas) Cherusci (some were assimilated by the Mainland Saxons) Cobandi Cimbri / Cymbri Dulgibini / Dulgubnii Eudoses / Eutes / Euthiones (ancestors of the Jutes or a variant name of "Jutes"; Eutes > Iutes > Yutes > Jutes) (Endoses? possibly a variant of the name "Eudoses") Jutes Island Jutes (in England they merged with the Angles and Saxons to form the new ethnolinguistic group of the Anglo-Saxons) Mainland Jutes (later assimilated by the Danes in Jutland, today's Mainland Denmark) Frisii Frisiavones / Frisiabones (Frisii Minores) Frisii (Frisii Maiores) (possible ancestors of the Frisians) Old Frisians Fundusi (a Germanic tribe that lived in Jutland) Guiones (a tribe mentioned by the Massiliot Greek sea traveler and explorer Pytheas in his work - The Ocean that possibly lived in Jutland) Hæleþan (Haelethan) (tribe that lived near the Randers Firth in North Jutland) Nuithones / Nuitones Sabalingioi / Sabalingi Saxons (Old Saxons) Island Saxons / Insular Saxons (in England they merged with the Angles and Jutes to form the new ethnolinguistic group of the Anglo-Saxons) Mainland Saxons / Continental Saxons (the variants Ga, Gao, Gau, Gabi, Go, Gowe, Gouw, Ge were the word for Gau - Old Saxon or Old Low German and Old High German term equivalent of the English Shire, regional administration, many times they matched a tribal land or territory, Old English had some traces, some Germanic cognates like Ga / Gа̄ or Ge, of this meaning which was ousted by Old English Scire - Shire, from an early time) Agradingun (same as the Angrivarii or Angarii) Myrgingas / Myrgings (tribe of Widsith, the wandering bard) Later Saxons (after merger and assimilation of several North Sea Germanic and Elbe Germanic peoples and tribes) Nordalbingi (Nordalbingians) / Nordliudi / Transalbingians (North of the Elbe, called before Alba or Albis river, in Holstein) (the original land of the Saxons) (their land included the Limes Saxonicus and the Danish March) Holtsaetan / Holtsaeten / Holtsati / Holsatians / Holcetae (Holt Saetan - "Forest / Wood Settlement" or "Forest / Wood Settlers" - from which Holstein originate its name, and not from "Forest Stone"[12]) (a Nordalbingian tribe, North of the Elbe river, part of the Saxon tribal confederation) Thietmaresca / Thiadmariska Sturmarians (Sturmarii / Sturmera) Angarians / Angrians (same as the Angrivarii or Angarii) (in Angaria) (in the plain of Old Saxony south of the Elbe and along Weser river valley) Agradingun / Agradine (lived in Agradingo / Agradingo go) Almangas (they lived in Almango or Almango go) Ammeri Bursibani Bucki Dersi Derve Heilungun (they lived in Heilanga / Heilanga ga) Hessi (in Hessa) (a North Hessian tribe assimilated by the Mainland Saxons) Hlisgas (they lived in Hlisgo or Hlisgo go) Hostingabi / Hostinga (they lived in Hostingabi / Hostinga gabi) Huettas (they lived in Huettago or Huetta go) Lagni Lara Lidbeke (they lived in Lidbekegowe or Lidbeke gowe) Lohingi (they lived in Lohingao or Lohingi gao) Moronas (they lived in Moronga or Moron ga) Mosde Netga / Nete (they lived in Netga or Net ga) Pathergi / Padergi (they lived in Patherga or Pather ga) Sturmi Tilithi Waldseti / Waldseton Wehsige (in Wehsigo or Wehsi go) Wigmodia / Wihmodi (Bremon, today's Bremen was in their land) Phalians (in Phalia) (in the plateau of Old Saxony) Eastphalians (Ostfalahi) (in Eastphalia) Bardeagawi / Barde / Bardongavenses (they lived in Bardeagawi / Bardea gawi / Bardengau or Barden Gau) Derlinas (they lived in Derlingowe or Derlin Gowe - Derlingau or Derlin Gau) Flutwide Frisonovel Gretingun / Gretingas (they lived in Gretinga / Gretinga ga) Guottingi / Guddinges / Gotingi (a Gothic tribe that merged and assimilated to the Saxons) (they lived in Guotinga or Guotinga ga or Gotinga ga) Hartinas (lived in Hartingowe or Hartin gowe) Hasi (they lived in Hasigowe or Hasi gowe) Hastfalon / Astfalon (they lived in Hastfalagowe or Hastfala gowe) Maerstem Nordsuavi (in Suavia) (a Northern Suebi / Suevi tribe that merged and assimilated to the Saxons) Nortthuringun (a Northern Thuringian tribe that merged and assimilated to the Saxons) (lived in Nortthuringowe or Nort Thurin gowe) Salthgas (they lived in Salthga or Salth ga) Westphalians (Westfalahi / Westfali) (in Westphalia) Angeron (they lived in Angeron) Auas (they lived in Auga or Au ga) Dreini (they lived in Dreini) Grainas (they lived in Grainga or Grain ga) Hama (a tribe descendant of the Chamavi / Hamavi, a Rhine-Weser Germanic tribe, one component of the Franks, that was later assimilated by the Mainland Saxons) (they lived in Hamaland or Hama land) Hasi (they lived in Hasagowe) Lerige (lived in Lerige or Leri ge) Nihthersi Scopingun Sudergo (lived in Sudergo or Suder go) Theotmalli Threcwiti Westfalon proper Aringon Firihsetan / Virsedi Sahslingun Scotelingun Steoringun Thiadmthora Waledungun Reudigni / Rendingi / Randingi / Rondingas / Rondings / Reudignes / Reudingi / Reudinges Singulones / Sigulones Sturii (a Germanic tribe that lived south of the Frisii) Teutones (Teutons) Anglo-Jutes-Saxons (Anglian-Jutish-Saxonian tribes, organized in Tribal Hidages, tribal lands) (new ethnolinguistic group formed by migration toward and settlement of Germanic tribes in Britannia, today's England, and also by assimilation of the conquered British Celts) Angles (Island Angles) Northumbrians (North of the Humber estuary) Amoþingas / Amothingas (Emmotland in Yorkshire, anciently Aet Eamotum, perhaps also Amotherley, also in Yorkshire) Beodarsæte (Anglian tribe that lived in Sunderland region) Elmedsætan / Elmetsaete (Elmet) Loidis (Anglian tribe that lived in Leeds region) Southumbrians (South of the Humber estuary) East Angles / East Anglians (in East Anglia) Herstingas (Anglian tribe that lived in Cambridge region) Ikelgas (Anglian tribe that lived in Icklingham region) Norfolk (Anglian tribe - "North folk" of East Anglia that lived in Norfolk region) Suffolk (Anglian tribe - "South folk" of East Anglia that lived in Suffolk region) Middle Angles / Midlanders (in Mercia, roughly today's Midlands) East Middle Angles / Middle Angles Proper (roughly in today's Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire and South Oxfordshire) Bilmingas / Bilmigas (part of south Lincolnshire) Cilternsæte / Cilternsætan (Settlers of Chiltern Hills – Middle Anglian tribe or clan) Dornwaras (Settlers of river Dorn – Middle Anglian tribe or clan) Færpingas / Feppingas / Faerpinga in Middelenglum (Charlbury and near Thame) Giflas / Gifle (River Ivel, near Bedford) Gyrwas / Gyrwe (Angle tribe or clan that dwelt in the fen) (in the Fens) (near Peterborough region) North Gyrwas / North Gyrwe Suth Gyrwas / Suth Gyrwe Elge (Anglian tribe that lived in Elge - Isle of Ely) Hiccas / Hicce (around today's Hitchin) Hurstingas (River Ivel, near Bedford) Spaldas / Spaldingas (Anglian tribe that lived in Spalding region) Sweordoras (Whittlesey Mere) Wideringas (near Stamford) Wigestas Willas / Wille East Willas / East Wille West Willas / West Wille Wixnas East Wixnas West Wixnas Lindisfaras (Anglian tribe that lived in Lindisfarona Tribal Hidage, Lindsey and North Lincolnshire) Gaininingas / Gaini (Gainsborough, Lincolnshire) Lindisfarningas (an outlier tribe that lived in the Lindisfarne island and region in the Northumbrian coast) Mercians / Mercians Proper (they founded the Kingdom of Mercia, with Mercian conquests of other Middle Angles in the 7th and 8th centuries AD, "Mercian" and "Middle Angles" became almost synonymal) North Mercians (the Mercians dwelling north of the River Trent, roughly in today's East Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire) Reagesate (Anglian tribe that lived in Repton) Snotingas (Anglian tribe that occupied the settlement of Snottengaham or Snodengaham - modern Nottingham, Nottinghamshire) South Mercians (the Mercians dwelling south of the River Trent, roughly in today's South Staffordshire and North Warwickshire) Beormingas (Anglian tribe that lived in Birmingham region) Bilsaete (Bilston) Pencersaete (Penkridge) Tomsaete (Tamworth, Staffordshire) Outer Mercians (an early phase of Mercian expansion, possibly 6th century AD, roughly in today's South Lincolnshire, Leicestershire, Rutland, Northamptonshire and North Oxfordshire) Undalas (Anglian tribe that lived in Undaium region, modern-day Oundle, in Northamptonshire) Wideriggas Pecsæte / Pecsætan (Anglian tribe that lived in today's Peak District, roughly in North Derbyshire) Herefinnas (Derbyshire) Hwiccians / Hwincas (Hwicce) (roughly in today's Gloucestershire, Worcestershire and South Warwickshire) Arosæte / Arosaetan (in and around today's Droitwich Spa, Arosætna Tribal Hidage) Duddensaete (Dudley) Husmerae (Kidderminster) Stoppingas (Anglian tribe that lived in Wootton Wawen and the valley of the River Alne in modern-day Warwickshire) Weorgoran (Worcester) Westernas Magonsæte / Magonsætan (roughly in today's Herefordshire and South Shropshire) Hahlsæte (Ludlow) Temersæte (Hereford) Wreocensæte (Wrekinsets) (Wrēocensǣte, Wrōcensǣte, Wrōcesǣte, Wōcensǣte, Wocansaete) (Anglian tribe that lived in Wocansaetna Tribal Hidage) (roughly in today's Northern Shropshire, Flintshire and Cheshire) Meresæte (in and around Chester) Rhiwsæte (in and around Wroxeter, Shropshire) Tribes of the Land Between Ribble and Mersey (Anglian tribes that lived in what is today's Merseyside, in the Mersey Valley Land, today's Manchester and Liverpool region - Greater Manchester, and in south of the Ribble Valley Land, today's South Lancashire, roughly today's Lancashire) (a disorganized region under Mercian control from the 7th century AD) Jutes (Island Jutes) Cantwara / Centingas (Kentish / Kentish Men, in Cantwarena Tribal Hidage, Kent) Andredes Leag (Jute tribe that lived in Andredsley and Newenden region in Kent) Boroware (Jute tribe that lived in Canterbury region) Ceasterware (Jute tribe that lived in Rochester, Kent region) Eastorege (Jute tribe that lived in Sandwich, Kent region) Limenwara Merscware (Dwellers of Romney Marsh, Kent) Wihtwara (Wight Islanders) (Wihtgara Tribal Hidage) (in the Isle of Wight) Meonwara / Meonware / Meonsæte (south-east Hampshire and Southampton, mainly on the Meon valley) Ytenesæte (Jute tribe that lived in what is today's New Forest) Saxons (Island Saxons) East Saxons (East Secsenas) (in Essex) Brahhingas (Saxon tribe centred on the settlement of Braughing in modern-day Hertfordshire) Dæningas / Daenningas / Deningei / Deningel Gegingas Haeringas Haueringas (Saxon tribe or clan that lived in today's London Borough of Havering, East End, London) Hroðingas Tewingas Tota Waeclingas Middle Saxons (in Middlesex, roughly in what is today's Greater London, Hertfordshire, Surrey) Bedingas (Bedfordshire) Geddingas-Gillingas-Mimmas[13] Geddingas Gillingas (Saxon tribe or clan that lived in today's Ealing, West End, London) Mimmas Gumeningas (Saxon tribe or clan that lived in today's Harrow on the Hill, West End, London) Hakas (Saxon tribe that lived in Hackney, London) Noxgaga / Noxga gā (gā is cognate of Gau) (Berkshire / Thames Valley Saxons) Æbbingas / Aebbingas (Abingdon) Braccingas (Bracknell) Readingas (Reading) Sunningas (Sonning) Woccingas (Wokingham) Padendene (Saxon tribe or clan that lived in Pæding-tun, modern-day Paddington, London) Suther-ge (ge is cognate of Gau) (Surrey) Ælffingas (Effingham) Godhelmingas (Godalming) Ohtgaga / Ohtga gā (Somewhere in Surrey) Totingas (Tooting) Wochingas (Woking) South Saxons (South Saxons') (Sussex) Haestingas (Hastings) West Saxons (in Wessex) Basingas (Basingstoke) Eorlingas (Arlingham) Glasteningas / Glestingas (Glastonbury) Dornsaete / Dorsætan (Dorset) Gewisse (Dorchester on Thames) Hendricas (Wiltshire or Test Valley) Sumortūnsǣte / Sumorsǣte / Sumorsætan (Somerset) Unecunga / Unecung (they lived in Unecunga Ga - Unecunga Gau or Land, in the Upper Thames region) Wilsætan (Wiltshire) Wesser-Rhine Germanics (Istvaeones) Baetasii / Betasii Bructeri / Bructeres / Bructuarii / Borthari?[10] (a possible changed name of Bructeri) Chamavi / Hamavi (they lived in the region today called Hamaland, in the Gelderland province of the Netherlands, between the IJssel and Ems rivers) Cugerni Falchovarii Gamabrivii / Gambrivii Incriones Landoudioi / Landi Sicambri / Sigambres / Sugambri Marsi Marsaci / Marsacii Salii / Salians (before formation of the Franks) (originally they only inhabited the northern Low Rhine area, in Salland) (later, those that stayed in Salland, were conquered and assimilated by the Saxons) Sunici / Sunuci Tencteri (etymology of the tribe's name is Celtic) Tubantes / Tuihanti Ubii Usipetes / Usipii / Vispi (etymology of the tribe's name is Celtic) Franks / Hugones (formed by the merging of Wesser-Rhine Germanic tribes - Istvaeones tribes and by the merging and assimilation of the Chatti and related tribes) (at the time of the Migration Period and Decline of the Roman Empire, they founded the Frankish Kingdom) (those living in what is today's West Central Germany and the Low Countries, mainly Ripuarian Franks, are the ancestors of the Franconian Germans (traditionally they spoke Franconian languages) and many of the Dutch, those living in what is today's France, mainly Salian Franks, were assimilated by the Gallo-Roman majority, however their ethnonym was the origin for another ethnonym "French" of the French people) Ripuarian Franks (originally Rhine river banks Franks, Eastern Austrasia Franks, Rhineland Franks in Rhineland, Hesse, Palatinate and also in Upper Franconia, that before was Thuringian) Hessian Franks / Hessians Lognai (late Frankish tribe that lived in Lahngau, west of Taunus Mountains) Moselle Franks Nistresi[10] (Nister Franks? Diemel Franks?) (a late Frankish tribe) Suduodi (late Frankish tribe) Upper Franconia Franks (originally it was a Thuringian region before Frankish conquest) Wedrecii (late Frankish tribe that lived in around Wetter river or Wetterau, east of the Taunus Mountains) Salian Franks (originally they inhabited the northern Low Rhine area, specifically today's Salland, later they expanded in the Low Countries, and most stayed there; even later, many migrated outside Eastern Austrasia, that included Rhineland, and beyond Silva Carbonaria and the Arduenna Silva, outside the original area of Frankish settlement where Gallo-Romans were the majority, scattered throughout the territory of the Kingdom of the Franks, roughly today's France, especially the northern regions, Western Austrasia and Neustria, they were later assimilated by the Gallo-Roman majority) (later, those that stayed in Salland, were conquered and assimilated by the Saxons) Low Rhine Franks (Salian Franks that stayed in the Low Rhine region of Eastern Austrasia, later known as the Low Countries, ancestors of many of the Dutch and Flemish) Western Austrasian Franks (in Western Austrasia, out of the Frank majority regions) Neustrian Franks (in Neustria or Neustrasia, out of the Frank majority regions) Germanic peoples or tribes of unknown ethnolinguistic kinship[edit] Eight tribes or peoples are only mentioned by the Old Mainland Saxon wandering bard, of the Myrgingas tribe, named Widsith - Aenenes; Baningas; Deanas (they are differentiated from the Danes); Frumtingas; Herefaran; Hronas or Hronan; Mofdingas and Sycgas (not to be confused with Secgan, short name for the work in Old English called On the Resting-Places of the Saints about saints' resting places in England). Ancient peoples with partially Germanic background[edit] Map 19: Regions of Scotland and Isle of Man settled by the Norse. Ethnogenesis of the Norse-Gaels. Map 20: Regions of Ireland settled by the Norse. Ethnogenesis of the Norse-Gaels. Germano-Celtic[edit] Norse-Gaels (Austmenn - "Eastmen" - "People of the East", people who had come from the East - Scandinavia; Gaels of Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man were called Vestmenn - "Westmen" - "People of the West" - British Islands) (people of mixed Gaelic and Norse ancestry and culture that was formed in the Viking Age) Norn people (Norðr - People of the North Islands) Shetlanders (Hjaltar) Orcadians Sodor people (Hebridians-Manese Norse-Gaels) (Sodor - People of the South Islands) Hebridians Norse-Gaels Outer Hebridians Norse-Gaels Inner Hebridians Norse-Gaels Man Norse-Gaels Ireland Norse-Gaels Dublin Norse-Gaels Wexford Norse-Gaels Waterford Norse-Gaels Cork Norse-Gaels Limerick Norse-Gaels Germano-Slavic[edit] Osterwalde (a Mainland Saxon tribe living in the same land and in close contact with the Drevani = "Wood" or "Wood Tribe", the Lipani and the Belesem or Byelozem = "White Earth" or "White Earth Tribe" Slavic tribes of the Obodrite confederacy that lived scattered in the west banks of the Elbe river, part of the Polabian Slavs or Elbe Slavs, West Slavs) (they lived in Oster Walde / Osterwalde - "Eastern Woods" in the Old Mainland Saxon view) (Osterwalde and Luneburg Heath also matched the land where the Langobards lived for a time before most of them migrated towards South) (mostly in today's Lower Saxony, in the Hanoverian Wendland, Germany) Rus’ people, of Kievan Rus', loose federation that was ruled by the Varangian Rurik dynasty (they were formed by a mainly East Norse or East North Germanic minority, the Varangians, that came from coastal eastern Sweden or coastal Svealand, around the 8th century AD, from Roslagen in Sweden or Roden, that was assimilated by the East Slavic majority) Ancient peoples of uncertain origin with possible Germanic or partially Germanic background[edit] Mixed peoples that had some Germanic component[edit] Celtic-Germanic-Iranian[edit] Bastarnae, an ancient people who between 200 BC and 300 AD inhabited the region between the Carpathian Mountains and the river Dnieper, to the north and east of ancient Dacia, possibly they were originally a Celtic tribe later mixed with Germanics and Sarmatians (a group of ancient Iranian peoples) - one possible origin of the name is from Avestan and Old Persian cognate bast- "bound, tied; slave" (cf. Ossetic bættən "bind", bast "bound") and Proto-Iranian *arna- "offspring") Atmoni / Atmoli Peucini / Peucini Bastarnae (a branch of the Bastarnae that lived in the region north of the Danube Delta) (Peucmi? possibly a variant of the name "Peucini") Sidoni Possible Germanic or non-Germanic peoples[edit] Germanic or Slavic[edit] Vistula Veneti / Venedi (more probably a Balto-Slavic people) Germanic or Celtic[edit] Anartes (more probably a Celtic tribe later assimilated by Dacians) Campsiani (originally Celtic, assimilated by Germanics) Cotini / Gotini (more probably a Celtic tribe) Daliterni,[14] their name was based on a river called Dala in older times (early name of the Veragri, a probable Gallic tribe located in present-day Switzerland, in the Valais canton, however there is the possibility, according to Livy, that they were a half Germanic tribe) Germani Cisrhenani / Tungri? (a collective name for 7 tribes) (names’ etymologies of many of the tribes were Celtic; Belgic people? Chiefs anthroponyms were also Celtic) Aduatuci / Atuatuci Ambivaretes / Ambivareti Caemani / Paemani Caeraesi / Caeroesi / Caerosi Condrusi Eburones (later Toxandri / Texuandri?) Segni Graioceli (more probably a Celtic tribe) Maeatae / Maiates / Maiatae / Maiati / Miathi (probably a Southern Pictish tribal confederation beyond and north the Antonine Wall that lived in the land between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Tay or parts of what is now Clackmannanshire, Fife and Stirlingshire and also in the Isle of May from the 2nd century AD to the 6th and 7th centuries AD; there is also the possibility, although weaker, that they were of Norse origin) Nemeti / Nemetes / Nemetai (Νεμῆται) (more probably a Celtic tribe by its name Etymology, Tponyms and Theonyms) Nervii (more probably a Belgic tribal confederation) Treveri (more probably a Belgic tribe) Tylangii (more probably a Celtic tribe related to the Tulingi or descendant from them) Germanic or Dacian[edit] Carpi / Carpiani (more probably a Dacian tribe) Germanic or Iranian[edit] Taifals (possibly they were a Sarmatian Iranian people assimilated by the Goths, before the Goths settled in what is today the steppe area of Ukraine, including Crimea, in the 2nd century AD, this area was inhabited by the Sarmatians) Germanic or Uralic (Balto-Finnic)[edit] Idumingas / Idumings[8] (more probably a Livonian tribe, called Ydumaei by Henricus Lettus or Henricus de Lettis or Heinrich von Lettland, who wrote the Chronicon Livoniae or Livonian Chronicle of Henry) Kvenir[15] / Kvænir mentioned in Egils Saga / Kvanes / Cwenas mentioned by Ohthere[15] (more probably they were the Kainulaiset, that dwelt in Kvenland, a probable reference to Saami peoples also called Scridefinnas / Screrefennae or a related Uralic people) (over time their name became confused with the Old Norse word kván or kvæn - "woman", genitive plural kvenna, and became mistakenly confused with the legendary Amazons, a mythical all-women tribe that had relations with the Gargareans, a mythical all-men tribe) Mythical founders[edit] This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. Further information: Eponymous ancestor Many of the authors relating ethnic names of Germanic peoples speculated concerning their origin, from the earliest writers to approximately the Renaissance. One cross-cultural approach over this more than a millennium of historical speculation was to assign an eponymous ancestor of the same name as, or reconstructed from, the name of the people. For example, Hellen was the founder of the Hellenes. Although some Enlightenment historians continued to repeat these ancient stories as though fact, today they are recognised as manifestly mythological. There was, for example, no Franko, or Francio, ancestor of the Franks. The convergence of data from history, linguistics and archaeology have made this conclusion inevitable. A list of the mythical founders of Germanic peoples follows. Angul — Angles (the Kings of Mercia, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, other Anglo-Saxon dynasties are derived from other descendants of Woden) Ask — Istvaeones Aurvandil — Vandals Burgundus — Burgundians (Historia Brittonum) Dan — Danes (Chronicon Lethrense) Francio — Franks (Liber Historiae Francorum) Gothus — Goths/Geats/Gutes Ingve — Ingvaeones, Ynglings Irmin — Irminones Mannus — Manni, or "men", a name fragment as in the later Alemanni (Germania) Nór — Norwegians (Chronicon Lethrense) Seaxnēat — Saxons See also[edit] History portal Germania Germanic peoples Norse clans Sippe Tribal Hidage Widsith Beowulf Notes[edit] ^ Heinrich Beck et al. (editor): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. volume 36/37 (register volume 1 and 2): Authors, keywords, subject index, abbreviations, 2nd edition. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019146-2, p. 20 ff.; "PDF; 499 kB" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-21.. In: degruyter.com, Retrieved 5 December 2017. ^ Tacitus, Germania 28; Strabo 4, 3, 4. ^ a b Cornelius Tacitus: Germania. Transmitted and explained by Arno Mauersberger. VMA-Verlag, Wiesbaden [1981?], p. 142, DNB-IDN 810365324 (Latin, German; licensed edition of Dieterich's publishing house accountant, Leipzig). ^ Maurits Gysseling: Toponymisch Woordenboek van België, Nederland, Luxemburg, Noord-Frankrijk en West-Duitsland. Ghent 1960, DNB-IDN 560536216, p. 956 (kantl.be, Retrieved 5 December 2017; Dutch). ^ Tacitus, Germania 28. ^ Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico book III, 11: […] Treveros, qui proximi flumini Rheno sunt. ("The Treveri who live near the Rhine.") ^ L. S.: Visbu´rgii. In: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. 2 volumes. Edited by William Smith. Walton and Maberly, John Murray, London 1854, OCLC 1000689106 (perseus.tufts.edu, Retrieved 5 December 2017). ^ a b Muir, Bernard James (1989). Leođ: Six Old English Poems : A Handbook. ISBN 9782881243578. ^ Muir, Bernard James (1989). Leođ: Six Old English Poems : A Handbook. ISBN 9782881243578. ^ a b c Jedin, Hubert; Dolan, John Patrick (1969). "Handbook of Church History". ^ Aubenas, Joseph Adolphe (1845). "Revue de bibliographie analytique: Ou Compte rendu des ouvrages scientifiques et de haute litterature". ^ https://archive.org/stream/englishwords00unkngoog/englishwords00unkngoog_djvu.txt ^ Wyatt, Louise (15 February 2018). Secret Hayes. ISBN 9781445672212. ^ Hazlitt, William (1851). "The Classical Gazetteer: A Dictionary of Ancient Geography, Sacred and Profane". ^ a b Jones, Gwyn (2001). A History of the Vikings. ISBN 9780192801340. References[edit] Thorsten Andersson: Altgermanische Ethnika. In: Namn och bygd. Tidskrift för nordisk ortnamnsforskning. 97 (2009), ISSN 0077-2704, pp. 5–39 (PDF; 9.7 MB; total year). Otto Bremer: Ethnographie der germanischen Stämme. In: Hermann Paul (editor): Grundriss der Germanischen Philologie. volume 2, part 1: Literaturgeschichte. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Karl Trübner Verlag, Strasbourg 1900, pp. 735–930. Ernst Künzl: Die Germanen (= Theiss WissenKompakt). Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 3-8062-2036-0. Günter Neumann: Namenstudien zum Altgermanischen (= Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde – Ergänzungsbände. volume 59). Edited by Heinrich Hettrich, Astrid van Nahl. de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-021044-6, urn:nbn:de:101:1-2016061717834. Rudolf Much: Die Germania des Tacitus. 3rd considerable adult edition. Edited by Wolfgang Lange in collaboration with Herbert Jankuhn and Hans Fromm. Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1967, DNB-IDN 457642858. Rudolf Much: Deutsche Stammeskunde. 3rd verb edition. Scientific association. Publisher, Berlin/Leipzig 1920, DNB-IDN 580772896; outlook Verlag, Bremen 2015, ISBN 978-3-86403-235-6. Heinrich Beck et al. (editor): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. 2nd edition. de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 1972–2008. Hermann Reichert: Lexikon der altgermanischen Namen. Publisher of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1987, ISBN 3-7001-0931-8. Ludwig Rübekeil: Völkernamen Europas. In: Ernst Eichler et al. (editor): Namenforschung. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Onomastik. volume 2, de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 1996, ISBN 3-11-020343-X, pp. 1330–1343. Moritz Schönfeld: Wörterbuch der altgermanischen Personen- und Völkernamen nach der Überlieferung des klassischen Altertums (= Germanische Bibliothek. department 1: Elementar- und Handbücher. series 4: Wörterbücher. volume 2). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1911, DNB-IDN 362646430; Reprints each as 2nd, unchanged edition: (= Germanische Bibliothek. series 3 [much 2]). Winter, Heidelberg 1965, DNB-IDN 454448473; Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1965, DNB-IDN 454448465. Ernst Schwarz: Germanische Stammeskunde (= Germanische Bibliothek. volume 5). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1956, DNB-IDN 454606672; reprint: VMA-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-938586-10-5. Alexander Sitzmann, Friedrich E. Grünzweig: Altgermanische Ethnonyme. Ein Handbuch zu ihrer Etymologie. Using a bibliography by Robert Nedoma editor of Hermann Reichert (= Philologica Germanica. volume 29). Fassbaender, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-902575-07-4. Reinhard Wenskus: Stammesbildung und Verfassung. Das Werden der frühmittelalterlichen gentes. 2nd, unchanged edition. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne/Vienna 1977, ISBN 3-412-00177-5. External links[edit] Germania of Tacitus A speculative Findlay map of 1849 Strabo's work The Geography (Geographica). Book 7, Chapters 1 and 2, are about Germania. v t e Germanic peoples Ethnolinguistic group of Northern European origin primarily identified as speakers of Germanic languages History Nordic Bronze Age Pre-Roman Iron Age Roman Iron Age Germanic Iron Age Viking Age Early culture Architecture Art Calendar Clothing Family Festivals Funerary practices Anglo-Saxon Norse Law Anglo-Saxon Norse Literature Anglo-Saxon Norse Mythology Continental Frankish Norse Names Gothic Paganism Anglo-Saxon Gothic Norse Scripts Gothic alphabet Runic Symbology Warfare Anglo-Saxon Gothic and Vandal Viking Languages Germanic parent language Proto-Germanic language East Germanic languages West Germanic languages North Germanic languages Ancient tribes Alemanni Brisgavi Bucinobantes Lentienses Raetovari Adrabaecampi Angles Anglo-Saxons Ambrones Ampsivarii Angrivarii Armalausi Auiones Avarpi Baemi Baiuvarii Banochaemae Bastarnae Batavi Belgae Germani cisrhenani Atuatuci Caeroesi Condrusi Eburones Paemani Segni Morini Nervii Bateinoi Betasii Brondings Bructeri Burgundians Buri Cananefates Caritni Casuari Chaedini Chaemae Chamavi Chali Charudes Chasuarii Chattuarii Chatti Chauci Cherusci Cimbri Cobandi Corconti Cugerni Danes Dauciones Dulgubnii Favonae Firaesi Fosi Franks Ripuarian Franks Salian Franks Frisiavones Frisii Gambrivii Geats Gepids Goths Crimean Goths Greuthungi Gutones Ostrogoths Thervingi Thracian Goths Visigoths Gutes Harii Hermunduri Heruli Hilleviones Ingaevones Irminones Istvaeones Jutes Juthungi Lacringi Lemovii Lombards Heaðobards Lugii Diduni Helisii Helveconae Manimi Nahanarvali Marcomanni Marsacii Marsi Mattiaci Nemetes Njars Nuithones Osi Quadi Reudigni Rugii Rugini Saxons Semnones Sicambri Scirii Sitones Suarines Suebi Sunici Swedes Taifals Tencteri Teutons Thelir Thuringii Toxandri Treveri Triboci Tubantes Tulingi Tungri Ubii Usipetes Vagoth Vandals Hasdingi Silingi Vangiones Varisci Victohali Vidivarii Vinoviloth Warini Christianization Gothic Christianity Christianization of the Franks Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England Christianization of Scandinavia Christianization of Iceland Category Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_ancient_Germanic_peoples&oldid=1026088860" Categories: Early Germanic peoples Lists of ancient Indo-European peoples and tribes Lists of ancient people Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Wikipedia articles needing cleanup after translation Wikipedia articles needing cleanup after translation from German Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from May 2020 All articles needing rewrite Articles with multiple maintenance issues Articles needing additional references from January 2018 All articles needing additional references Articles to be expanded from January 2018 All articles to be expanded Articles using small message boxes Dynamic lists Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages العربية Deutsch Français Italiano Latina Polski Português Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 31 May 2021, at 09:18 (UTC). 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