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		1925 film




	The Unholy Three (1925)
	1925 The Unholy Three, theatrical release poster

	Directed by	Tod Browning
	Written by	Waldemar Young (scenario)
	Based on	The Unholy Three
1917 novel
by Tod Robbins
	Produced by	Tod Browning
Irving Thalberg (uncredited)
	Starring	Lon Chaney
Victor McLaglen
	Cinematography	David Kesson
	Edited by	Daniel Gray
Irving Thalberg (uncredited)
	Production
company 
	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

	Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer[nb 1]
	Release date
	
	August 16, 1925 (1925-08-16)




	Running time
	86 minutes
	Country	United States
	Language	Silent with English intertitles


The Unholy Three is a 1925 American  silent crime melodrama involving a trio of circus conmen, directed by Tod Browning and starring Lon Chaney. The supporting cast features Mae Busch, Matt Moore, Victor McLaglen and Harry Earles. The Unholy Three marks the establishment of the notable artistic alliance between director Browning and actor Chaney that would deliver eight outstanding films to M-G-M studios during the late silent film era.[2][3][4]

The film was remade in 1930 as a talkie directed by Sam Conway. Chaney and Earles repeated their performances as Professor Echo and Tweedledee.[5]


Contents


	1 Plot
	2 Cast
	3 Production
	4 Release and reception
	5 Themes
	6 Notes
	7 Footnotes
	8 References
	9 External links





Plot[edit]

  
The Unholy Three (1925 film) L to R: Victor McLaglen, Harry Earles, Mae Busch, Lon Chaney.



Three performers leave a sideshow after Tweedledee (Harry Earles), a midget performer, assaults a young heckler and sparks a melee. The three join together in an "unholy" plan to become wealthy. Prof. Echo, the ventriloquist, assumes the role of Mrs. O'Grady, a kindly old grandmother, who runs a pet shop, while Tweedledee plays her grandchild. Hercules (Victor McLaglen), the strongman, works in the shop along with the unsuspecting Hector McDonald (Matt Moore). Echo's girlfriend, pickpocket Rosie O'Grady (Mae Busch), pretends to be his granddaughter.

Using what they learn from delivering pets, the trio later commit burglaries, with their wealthy buyers as victims. On Christmas Eve, John Arlington (an uncredited Charles Wellesley) telephones to complain that the "talking" parrot (aided by Echo's ventriloquism) he bought will not speak. When "Granny" O'Grady visits him to coax the bird into performing, "she" takes along grandson "Little Willie". While there, they learn that a valuable ruby necklace is in the house. They decide to steal it that night. As Echo is too busy, the other two grow impatient and decide to go ahead without him.

The next day, Echo is furious to read in the newspaper that Arlington was killed and his three-year-old daughter badly injured in the robbery. Hercules shows no remorse whatsoever, relating how Arlington pleaded for his life. When a police investigator shows up at the shop, the trio become fearful and decide to frame Hector, hiding the jewelry in his room.

Meanwhile, Hector proposes to Rosie. She turns him down, but he overhears her crying after he leaves. To his joy, she confesses she loves him, but was ashamed of her shady past. When the police take him away, Rosie tells the trio that she will exonerate him, forcing them to abduct her and flee to a mountain cabin. Echo takes along his large pet ape (who terrifies Hercules).

In the spring, Hector is brought to trial. Rosie pleads with Echo to save Hector, promising to stay with him if he does. After Echo leaves for the city, Tweedledee overhears Hercules asking Rosie to run away with him (and the loot). Tweedledee releases the ape. Hercules kills Tweedledee right before the ape gets him.

At the trial, Echo agonizes over what to do, but finally rushes forward and confesses all. Both he and Hector are set free. When Rosie goes to Echo to keep her promise, he lies and says he was only kidding. He tells her to go to Hector. Echo returns to the sideshow, giving his spiel to the customers: "That's all there is to life, friends, ... a little laughter ... a little tear."


Cast[edit]

	Lon Chaney as Prof. Echo, a.k.a. Mrs.  O'Grady or "Granny"
	Mae Busch as Rosie O'Grady
	Matt Moore as Hector McDonald
	Victor McLaglen as Hercules, a.k.a. "Son-in-Law"
	Harry Earles as Tweedledee, a.k.a. Baby "Little Willie"
	Matthew Betz as Detective Regan
	Edward Connelly as the Judge
	William Humphrey as Defense Attorney
	E. Alyn Warren as Prosecuting Attorney


Production[edit]

  
Paris Cinélux poster for M-G-M's 1925 The Unholy Three.



In 1924,  Universal’s vice-president Irving Thalberg departed to join Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios as production manager. Director Tod Browning followed him to M-G-M after producing a number of unimpressive independent films.[6][7]

At M-G-M he proposed adapting author Tod Robbins’ The Unholy Three and Thalberg accommodated Browning  by purchasing the rights and enlisting Lon Chaney to play the lead; Chaney may have requested that Browning direct, having worked with him effectively in 1921 on Universal’s Outside the Law  starring Priscilla Dean.[8]

With The Unholy Three, Thalberg, Browning and Chaney established a highly creative and profitable collaborative trio that produced seven more films at M-G-M, marking the zenith of both Browning’s and Chaney’s careers.[9][10]

Browning arrived at M-G-M well-versed in the techniques of   “trick photography.”[11] The "ape" that dispatches the strongman Hector (Victor McLaglen) was actually a three-foot-tall chimpanzee who was made to appear gigantic with camera trickery and perspective shots. When Echo removes the ape from his cage, the shot shows Echo (with his back turned to the camera) unlocking the cage and walking the ape to the truck. The ape appears to be roughly the same size as Echo. This effect was achieved by having Harry Earles (who played "Tweedledee" in the film) play Echo for these brief shots, and then cutting to Chaney, making it seem as though the ape is gigantic. (In the 1930 remake, the ape was played by Charles Gemora.) [12]


Release and reception[edit]

Play media
  
The Unholy Three



The Unholy Three enjoyed tremendous success, adding luster to Chaney’s reputation as “The Man of a Thousand Faces” and revealing Browning’s as a remarkable film stylist.[13][14]

On August 15, 1925  The Billboard published a list of five short reviews for the movie. This featured such critics as Mordaunt Hall (Times), George Gerhard (Evening World), Richard Watts Jr. (Herald-Tribune), and W.R. (World).[15]

The movie was such a success upon its debut that at its release at the New York Capitol Theater, it maintained a strong audience attendance for at least two weeks.Major Edward Bowes, who was the managing director at the time, took steps to ensure everyone who didn’t get to see the movie the first week of its viewing would get to by extending the movie's stay. An article written about this event noted the movie as “acclaimed as the best crook drama on the screen and one of the most entertaining motion pictures ever made”, which speaks, along with its apparent popularity, for the movie’s quality.[16]

Sherwood of   Life magazine praised the movie for its photography and providing a more psychological horror film rather than relying on movie effects to scare its audience. Noted by Sherwood is how the film was shot great attention given to scenes as individual pieces rather than as parts of one greater project, causing continuity errors. This is explained by the writer as an acceptable outcome considering the overall quality. The review is concluded with Sherwood declaring The Unholy Three to be "the best picture of its kind since The Miracle Man."[17]

The Unholy Three was released for the first time on DVD by Warner Bros. Digital Distribution on October 26, 2010. The company would later re-release the film as a part of its 6-disc Lon Chaney: The Warner Archive Classics Collection on November 22, 2011, and on June 23, 2015.[18]

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 83% based on 6 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 6.8/10.[19] Author and film critic Leonard Maltin gave the film two and a half out of four stars. Although Maltin noted that the film contained aspects that were less satisfactory, he commended its strong basic idea and Chaney's performance.[20]


Themes[edit]

As is common of a Tod Browning film, circus life and unusual bodies play a central role in this movie along with great use of trompe-l'œil optical illusion.[21] Trompe-l'œil is exercised and played with as the illusion of Dr. Echo as "Mrs. O’Grady" and Tweedledee as "Little Willie". The main plot of the movie revolves around the character’s abilities to pass themselves off convincingly as something they are not, an illusion the movie peels back and reasserts for both the other characters and for the audience themselves. Contrary to the usual use of this effect, Browning makes it a point to disillusion the audience and display the workings of the illusion to create a different sort of viewing stimulation.[22]

In most Browning films, his opinion of the deformed and different becomes evident. The Unholy Three's plot plays directly with another of Browning’s favorite topics, dealing with identity, doubles, dual roles, and deformity. This film is unique in that the character Tweedledee is the only one of this group of that is played by a deformed character and is malicious in nature.[21]


Notes[edit]


	^ Loews was the parent company of MGM.[1]





Footnotes[edit]



	^ Gomery, Douglas; Pafort-Overduin, Clara (2011). Movie History: A Survey (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 144. ISBN 9781136835254.

	^ Sobchack, 2006 p. 35: “Lon Chaney’s influence on Browning seems considerable...their significant collaboration began at MGM and with The Unholy Three.”

	^ Rosenthal, 1975 p. 19: “The ten films that Browning and Chaney make together [eight of which made at MGM] were the most successful of either’s career. In these films one can sense a personal rapport between the actor and the director which must have been deeper than a mere professional respect. “

	^ 
"Progressive Silent Film List: The Unholy Three". Silent Era. Retrieved March 2, 2010.

	^ Eaker, 2016: “Chaney died shortly after filming the [1930 remake]...the only film to feature the actor’s voice...Under Conway, who had no feel  or vision for the eccentric, the remaining cast in the sound remake are sanitized, hack versions of the far more eccentric and genuine cast in the Tod Browning directed silent film.”

	^ Sobchack, 2006 p. 34: “Browning had been drinking heavily for two years prior to coming to MGM, and, during that time had directed only a few films for independent production companies.”

	^ Eaker, 2016: “Browning had languished for ten years as an assignment director who rarely had a feel for the mostly banal material handed him.”

	^ Sobchack, 2006 p. 34: Sobchack, reports that Browning (who produced the film for MGM), convinced Thalberg that the story by Tod Robbins was suitable for adaption, and Thalberg purchased the rights. And: The Unholy Three “the first film at MGM for both Browning and Chaney.”

	^ Robinson, 1968 p. 125: “In 1925 he was taken on by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and began a series of films with Lon Chaney that must rank among the most extraordinary pictures ever made.”

	^ Sobchack, 2006 p. 34: “Certainly, Browning’s best work was for MGM...all his films for Universal were made before 1924 and his maturity as a filmmaker...some credit must go to  Irving Thalberg who, a vice-president at Universal while Browning was there” brought Browning along “when he [Thalberg] left in 1925 to join the newly-formed MGM.”

	^ Sobchack, 2006: p. 34

	^ Blyn, 2006 p. 124-125: “Of all the strange elements in this film, the chimp is perhaps the most bizarre...when he transforms into a gorilla.”

	^ Eaker, 2016: “The original, silent Unholy Three (1925) catapulted Browning into star director status.”
Sobshack, 2006 p. 34: “The film was , of course, a huge success.”

	^ Rosenthal, 1975 p. 19-20: “...only in Browning's films is [Chaney] endowed with substantial human complexity...Chaney demonstrated great sensitively to the feelings and drives of the  characters that Browning devise for him to play.” And p. 7: Browning’s “style”.
Eaker, 2016: “The Unholy Three is not, on the surface, as macabre as later Browning-Chaney films, it has retained its delirious edge well into the 21st century.”
Robinson, 1968 p. 125: “In 1925 he was taken on by  M-G-M and began a series of films with Lon Chaney that must rank among the most extraordinary pictures ever made.”

	^ "AS THE N. Y. REVIEWERS SEE THE FILMS: "The Unholy Three"." August 25, 1925. ProQuest. The Billboard. Retrieved October 24, 2018.

	^ ""The Unholy Three" to Remain at the Capitol." August 9, 1925. ProQuest. The New York Herald, The New York Tribune. Retrieved October 24, 2018.

	^ Sherwood, R E. "The SILENT DRAMA." August 27 (1883-1936). ProQuest. Web. Retrieved October 24, 2018.

	^ 
"The Unholy Three (1925) - Tod Browning". Allmovie.com. AllMovie. Retrieved March 13, 2018.

	^ 
"The Unholy Three (1925) - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.com. Flixer. Retrieved March 12, 2018.

	^ 
Leonard Maltin; Spencer Green; Rob Edelman (January 2010). Leonard Maltin's Classic Movie Guide. Plume. p. 715. ISBN 978-0-452-29577-3.

	^ a b Thomas, Randal Kerry. "Symbolic Structure of the Circus in the Films of Tod Browning." June 1977. ProQuest. Retrieved October 24, 2018.

	^ Rosenthal, 1975 p. 14; “The ability to assume control of another being is vital to The Unholy Three. Echo the ventriloquist delivers testimony in court through the mouth of Hector....as the words pour from the witness stand, Browning repeatedly dissolves Echo onto Hector and vise-versa, establishing the performers complete responsibility for what is being said.”
Manon, Hugh S. "Seeing Through Seeing Through: The "Trompe l'Oeil" Effect and Bodily Difference in the Cinema of Tod Browning." 2006. ProQuest. Retrieved October 24, 2018.





References[edit]

	Blyn, Robin. 2006. Between Silence and Sound: Ventriloquism and the Advent of the Voice in The Unholy Three in The Films of Tod Browning, in The Films of Tod Browning, ed. Bernd Herzogenrath, 2006  Black Dog Publishing. London. pp. 117-127 
ISBN 1-904772-51-X
	Eaker, Alfred. 2016. Tod Browning Retrospective https://alfredeaker.com/2016/01/26/todd-browning-director-retrospective/ Retrieved 26 February, 2021.
	Herzogenrath, Bernd. 2006. The Films of Tod Browning. Black Dog Publishing. London. 
ISBN 1-904772-51-X
	 Sobchack, Vivian. 2006. The Films of Tod Browning: An Overview Long Past in The Films of Tod Browning in The Films of Tod Browning, editor Bernd Herzogenrath, 2006 Black Dog Publishing. London. pp. 21-39. 
ISBN 1-904772-51-X
	Rosenthal, Stuart.  1975. Tod Browning: The Hollywood Professionals, Volume 4. The Tantivy Press. 
ISBN 0-498-01665-X


External links[edit]

		Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Unholy Three (1925 film)


	The Unholy Three at IMDb
	The Unholy Three at the TCM Movie Database
	The Unholy Three at AllMovie
	The Unholy Three at the American Film Institute Catalog
	The Unholy Three at Rotten Tomatoes


		v
	t
	e


Films directed by Tod Browning

	1910s	
	The Lucky Transfer (1915)
	The Slave Girl (1915)
	An Image of the Past (1915)
	The Highbinders (1915)
	The Story of a Story (1915)
	The Spell of the Poppy (1915)
	The Electric Alarm (1915)
	The Living Death (1915)
	The Burned Hand (1915)
	The Woman from Warren's (1915)
	Little Marie (1915)
	The Fatal Glass of Beer (1916)
	Everybody's Doing It (1916)
	Puppets (1916)
	Jim Bludso (1917)
	A Love Sublime (1917)
	Hands Up! (1917)
	Peggy, the Will O' the Wisp (1917)
	The Jury of Fate (1917)
	The Legion of Death (1918)
	The Eyes of Mystery (1918)
	Revenge (1918)
	Which Woman? (1918)
	The Deciding Kiss (1918)
	The Brazen Beauty (1918)
	Set Free (1918)
	The Wicked Darling (1919)
	The Exquisite Thief (1919)
	The Unpainted Woman (1919)
	The Petal on the Current (1919)
	Bonnie, Bonnie Lassie (1919)




	1920s	
	The Virgin of Stamboul (1920)
	Outside the Law (1920)
	No Woman Knows (1921)
	The Wise Kid (1922)
	Man Under Cover (1922)
	Under Two Flags (1922)
	Drifting (1923)
	The Day of Faith (1923)
	White Tiger (1923)
	The Dangerous Flirt (1924)
	Silk Stocking Sal (1924)
	The Unholy Three (1925)
	The Mystic (1925)
	Dollar Down (1925)
	The Blackbird (1926)
	The Road to Mandalay (1926)
	The Show (1927)
	The Unknown (1927)
	London After Midnight (1927)
	The Big City (1928)
	West of Zanzibar (1928)
	Where East Is East (1929)
	The Thirteenth Chair (1929)




	1930s	
	Outside the Law (1930)
	Dracula (1931)
	Iron Man (1931)
	Freaks (1932)
	Fast Workers (1933)
	Mark of the Vampire (1935)
	The Devil-Doll (1936)
	Miracles for Sale (1939)







	
	v
	t
	e


Irving Thalberg

	Producer	
	The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923)
	Merry-Go-Round (1923)
	His Hour (1924)
	He Who Gets Slapped (1924)
	The Unholy Three (1925)
	The Merry Widow (1925)
	The Tower of Lies (1925)
	The Big Parade (1925)
	Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1925)
	Torrent (1926)
	La Bohème (1926)
	Brown of Harvard (1926)
	The Road to Mandalay (1926)
	The Temptress (1926)
	Valencia (1926)
	Flesh and the Devil (1926)
	Twelve Miles Out (1927)
	The Student Prince in Old Heidelberg (1927)
	London After Midnight (1927)
	The Crowd (1928)
	Laugh, Clown, Laugh (1928)
	White Shadows in the South Seas (1928)
	Show People (1928)
	West of Zanzibar (1928)
	The Broadway Melody (1929)
	The Trial of Mary Dugan (1929)
	Voice of the City (1929)
	Where East Is East (1929)
	The Last of Mrs. Cheyney (1929)
	The Hollywood Revue of 1929 (1929)
	Hallelujah (1929)
	His Glorious Night (1929)
	The Kiss (1929)
	Anna Christie (1930)
	Redemption (1930)
	The Divorcee (1930)
	The Rogue Song (1930)
	The Big House (1930)
	The Unholy Three (1930)
	Let Us Be Gay (1930)
	Billy the Kid (1930)
	Way for a Sailor (1930)
	A Lady's Morals (1930)
	Inspiration (1931)
	Trader Horn (1931)
	The Secret Six (1931)
	A Free Soul (1931)
	Just a Gigolo (1931)
	The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931)
	The Guardsman (1931)
	The Champ (1931)
	Possessed (1931)
	Private Lives (1931)
	Mata Hari (1931)
	Freaks (1932)
	Tarzan the Ape Man (1932)
	Grand Hotel (1932)
	Letty Lynton (1932)
	As You Desire Me (1932)
	Red-Headed Woman (1932)
	Smilin' Through (1932)
	Red Dust (1932)
	Rasputin and the Empress (1932)
	Strange Interlude (1932)
	Tugboat Annie (1933)
	Bombshell (1933)
	Eskimo (1933)
	Riptide (1934)
	The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934)
	The Merry Widow (1934)
	What Every Woman Knows (1934)
	No More Ladies (1935)
	China Seas (1935)
	Mutiny on the Bounty (1935)
	A Night at the Opera (1935)
	Riffraff (1936)
	Romeo and Juliet (1936)
	Camille (1936)
	Maytime (1937)
	A Day at the Races (1937)
	Broadway Melody of 1938 (1937)
	The Good Earth (1937)
	Marie Antoinette (1938)




	Writer	
	The Trap (1922)




	People	
	Norma Shearer (wife)
	Irving Thalberg Jr. (son)




	Related	
	The Love of the Last Tycoon







	Authority control 

	General	
	VIAF
	1


	WorldCat (via VIAF)




	National libraries	
	France (data)
	United States
	Poland




	Other	
	SUDOC (France)
	1
















Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Unholy_Three_(1925_film)&oldid=1024353177"


		Categories: 	1925 films
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