id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt en-wikipedia-org-3337 Nash equilibrium - Wikipedia .html text/html 8893 1227 76 In game theory, the Nash equilibrium, named after the mathematician John Forbes Nash Jr., is a proposed solution of a non-cooperative game involving two or more players in which each player is assumed to know the equilibrium strategies of the other players, and no player has anything to gain by changing only their own strategy.[1] The utilization of Nash Equilibriums, and its principles date data back to the time of Cournot, a prominent Philosopher and mathematician who pioneered the understanding of economic equilibria. The modern game-theoretic concept of Nash equilibrium is instead defined in terms of mixed strategies, where players choose a probability distribution over possible actions (rather than choosing a deterministic action to be played with certainty). The concept of a mixed-strategy equilibrium was introduced by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern in their 1944 book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior. ./cache/en-wikipedia-org-3337.html ./txt/en-wikipedia-org-3337.txt