id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
en-wikipedia-org-6834		Disappointment - Wikipedia			.html	text/html	2212	424	55	Disappointment, and an inability to prepare for it, has also been hypothesized as the source of occasional immune system compromise in optimists.[7] While optimists by and large exhibit better health,[8] they may alternatively exhibit less immunity when under prolonged or uncontrollable stress, a phenomenon which researchers have attributed to the "disappointment effect".[7] The "disappointment effect" posits that optimists do not utilize "emotional cushioning" to prepare for disappointment and hence are less able to deal with it when they experience it.[8][9] This disappointment effect has been challenged since the mid-1990s by researcher Suzanne Segerstrom, who has published, alone and in accord, several articles evaluating its plausibility. Bell with further development by Graham Loomes and Robert Sugden,[15] revolves around the notion that people contemplating risks are disappointed when the outcome of the risk is not evaluated as positively as the expected outcome.[16] Disappointment theory has been utilized in examining such diverse decision-making processes as return migration, taxpayer compliance and customer willingness to pay.[17] David Gill and Victoria Prowse have provided experimental evidence that people are disappointment averse when they compete.[18]	./cache/en-wikipedia-org-6834.html	./txt/en-wikipedia-org-6834.txt