id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 1 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 3 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 4 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 6 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 9 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 10 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 11 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 14 latest late JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 15 accepted accepted JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 16 revision revision NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 18 reviewed review VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 20 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 21 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 22 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 1 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 1 Jump jump VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 3 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 4 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 6 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 7 Intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 8 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 10 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 12 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 13 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 16 confused confuse VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 18 Euphorbia Euphorbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 2 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 2 Euphoric Euphoric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 4 redirects redirect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 5 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 3 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 3 TV tv NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 4 show show NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 6 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 7 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 9 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 10 TV TV NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 11 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 4 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 6 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 11 Euphoric Euphoric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 13 disambiguation disambiguation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 5 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 1 Playing playing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 2 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 3 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 5 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 6 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 8 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 10 contentment contentment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 13 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 14 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 15 girl girl NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 16 playing play VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 19 snow snow NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 6 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 1 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 3 /juːˈfɔːriə/ /juːˈfɔːriə/ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 5 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 10 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 13 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 16 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 18 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 20 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 21 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 23 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 25 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 27 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 7 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 2 1][2 1][2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 4 Certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 5 natural natural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 6 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 8 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 9 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 13 aerobic aerobic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 14 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 16 laughter laughter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 18 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 21 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 22 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 25 dancing dancing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 27 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 28 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 30 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 32 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 8 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 2 3][4 3][4 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 4 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 8 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 10 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 11 neurological neurological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 13 neuropsychiatric neuropsychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 14 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 16 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 18 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 9 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 4 Romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 7 components component NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 10 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 11 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 12 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 13 cycle cycle NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 15 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 16 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 19 induction induction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 21 euphoria euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 10 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 2 6][7][8 6][7][8 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 4 Certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 5 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 7 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 11 addictive addictive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 13 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 14 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 15 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 19 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 20 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 21 motivates motivate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 23 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 24 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 11 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 4 Hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 5 hotspots hotspot NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 6 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 8 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 11 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 12 centers center NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 15 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 16   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 17 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 19 functionally functionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 20 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 12 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 1 Activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 4 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 8 recruitment recruitment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 11 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 13 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 1 Inhibition inhibition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 4 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 8 blunting blunting NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 11 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 13 activating activate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 14 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 15 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 14 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 2 10][11 10][11 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 4 Therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 7 simultaneous simultaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 8 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 10 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 11 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 12 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 13 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 15 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 16 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 18 believed believe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 20 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 21 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 23 generating generate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 25 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 27 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 28 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 29 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 15 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 9 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 10 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 11 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 12 substrates substrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 13 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 14 Types Types NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 15 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 16 Exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 18 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 19 3.2 3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 20 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 22 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 23 3.3 3.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 24 Copulation copulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 26 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 27 3.4 3.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 28 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 30 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 31 3.4.1 3.4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 32 Psychedelics Psychedelics NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 33 3.4.2 3.4.2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 34 Stimulants Stimulants NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 35 3.4.3 3.4.3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 36 Depressants Depressants NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 37 3.4.4 3.4.4 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 38 Opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 39 3.4.5 3.4.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 40 Cannabinoids Cannabinoids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 41 3.4.6 3.4.6 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 42 Inhalants inhalant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 43 3.4.7 3.4.7 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 44 Glucocorticoids Glucocorticoids NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 45 3.5 3.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 46 Fasting fast VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 47 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 48 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 49 3.6 3.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 50 Neuropsychiatric Neuropsychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 51 3.6.1 3.6.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 52 Mania Mania NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 53 3.6.2 3.6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 54 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 55 3.6.3 3.6.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 56 Migraine Migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 57 3.6.4 3.6.4 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 58 Multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 59 sclerosis sclerosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 60 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 61 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 62 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 63 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 64 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 65 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 66 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 67 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 68 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 69 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 70 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 71 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 72 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 73 edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 74 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 75 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 76 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 77 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 78 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 79 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 80 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 81 Acceptance Acceptance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 82 Affection Affection NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 83 Amusement Amusement NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 84 Anger Anger NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 85 Angst Angst NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 86 Anguish Anguish NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 87 Annoyance Annoyance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 88 Anticipation Anticipation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 89 Anxiety Anxiety NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 90 Apathy Apathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 91 Arousal Arousal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 92 Awe Awe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 93 Boredom Boredom NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 94 Confidence Confidence NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 95 Contempt Contempt NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 96 Contentment Contentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 97 Courage Courage NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 98 Curiosity Curiosity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 99 Depression Depression NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 100 Desire Desire NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 101 Disappointment Disappointment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 102 Disgust Disgust NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 103 Distrust Distrust NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 104 Doubt doubt NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 105 Ecstasy Ecstasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 106 Embarrassment Embarrassment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 107 Empathy Empathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 108 Enthusiasm Enthusiasm NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 109 Envy Envy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 110 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 111 Faith Faith NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 112 Fear Fear NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 113 Frustration Frustration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 114 Gratification Gratification NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 115 Gratitude Gratitude NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 116 Greed Greed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 117 Grief Grief NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 118 Guilt Guilt NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 119 Happiness Happiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 120 Hatred Hatred NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 121 Hope Hope NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 122 Horror Horror NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 123 Hostility Hostility NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 124 Humiliation Humiliation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 125 Interest Interest NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 126 Jealousy Jealousy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 127 Joy Joy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 128 Kindness Kindness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 129 Loneliness Loneliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 130 Love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 131 Lust lust NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 132 Nostalgia Nostalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 133 Outrage Outrage NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 134 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 135 Passion passion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 136 Pity pity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 137 Pleasure Pleasure NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 138 Pride Pride NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 139 Rage rage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 140 Regret Regret NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 141 Rejection rejection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 142 Remorse remorse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 143 Resentment Resentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 144 Sadness Sadness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 145 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 146 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 147 pity pity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 148 Shame shame NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 149 Shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 150 Shyness Shyness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 151 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 152 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 153 Sorrow Sorrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 154 Suffering Suffering NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 155 Surprise Surprise NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 156 Trust Trust NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 157 Wonder Wonder NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 158 Worry Worry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 159 v v IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 160 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 161 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 162 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 163 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 164 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 165 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 166 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 167 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 168 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 169 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 170 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 171 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 172 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 173 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 174 εὐφορία εὐφορία NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 175 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 176 εὖ εὖ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 177 eu eu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 178 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 179 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 180 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 181 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 182 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 183 φέρω φέρω VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 184 pherō pherō NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 185 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 186 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 187 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 188 bear bear VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 189 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 16 190 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 2 13][14 13][14 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 6 semantically semantically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 7 opposite opposite JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 9 dysphoria dysphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 17 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 2 1706 1706 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 3 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 4 dictionary dictionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 5 defines define NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 6 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 10 well well JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 11 bearing bearing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 14 Operation Operation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 17 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 19 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 21 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 23 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 24 finds find VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 25 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 26 eas'd eas'd NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 28 reliev'd reliev'd VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 30 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 18 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 6 1860s 1860 NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 9 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 10 physician physician NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 11 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 12 Laycock Laycock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 13 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 14 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 17 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 19 bodily bodily JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 20 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 22 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 24 hopefulness hopefulness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 26 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 27 noted note VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 28 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 29 misplaced misplaced JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 30 presentation presentation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 33 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 34 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 36 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 37 terminal terminal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 38 illnesses illness NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 40 attributed attribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 41 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 42 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 44 neurological neurological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 45 dysfunction dysfunction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 19 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 4 Sigmund Sigmund NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 5 Freud Freud NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 7 1884 1884 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 8 monograph monograph NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 9 Über Über NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 10 Coca Coca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 11 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 14 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 16 consumption consumption NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 18 cocaine cocaine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 19 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 22 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 23 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 26 healthy healthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 27 person",[17 person",[17 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 29 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 30 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 31 1890 1890 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 33 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 34 neuropsychiatrist neuropsychiatrist NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 35 Carl Carl NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 36 Wernicke Wernicke NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 37 lectured lecture VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 38 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 40 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 41 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 42 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 45 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 46 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 47 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 20 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 5 1903 1903 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 6 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 9 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 10 Daily Daily NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 11 Globe Globe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 12 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 14 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 17 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 18 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 23 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 25 ease ease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 27 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 29 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 21 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 5 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 6 Popular Popular NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 7 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 8 magazine magazine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 9 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 14 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 15 sounding sound VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 16 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 18 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 20 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 21 fit fit JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 24 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 25 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 26 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 27 worth worth JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 28 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 30 motivating motivate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 31 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 32 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 35 ill ill RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 36 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 38 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 39 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 40 illnesses illness NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 22 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 4 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 5 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 6 Woodworth Woodworth NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 8 1921 1921 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 9 textbook textbook NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 10 Psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 13 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 15 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 16 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 18 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 19 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 22 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 27 opposite opposite NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 29 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 33 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 34 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 36 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 38 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 39 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 23 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 6 1940 1940 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 9 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 11 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 12 defined define VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 13 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 17 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 19 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 20 well well UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 21 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 22 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 24 pleasantly pleasantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 25 toned tone VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 26 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 24 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 3 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 5 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 6 decade decade NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 7 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 9 finding find VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 10 ordinary ordinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 11 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 13 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 14 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 15 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 17 evaluate evaluate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 19 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 20 addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 21 researcher researcher NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 22 Harris Harris NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 23 Isbell Isbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 24 redefined redefine VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 27 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 28 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 30 objective objective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 31 signs sign NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 32 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 34 morphine morphine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 25 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 7 1957 1957 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 8 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 9 pharmacologist pharmacologist NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 10 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 11 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 12 Cahal Cahal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 13 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 15 regard regard VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 16 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 17 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 19 medically medically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 20 undesirable undesirable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 22 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 23 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 26 enhance[s enhance[s NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 29 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 32 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 33 analgesic analgesic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 26 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 3 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 6 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 7 edition edition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 9 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 10 Concise Concise NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 11 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 13 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 14 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 15 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 18 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 20 contentment contentment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 22 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 24 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 28 pathologic pathologic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 29 associations association NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 30 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 31 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 34 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 35 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 27 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 3 sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 5 cerebral cerebral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 6 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 10 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 12 bland bland JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 14 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 16 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 18 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 20 inability inability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 22 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 23 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 24 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 28 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 6 21st 21st JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 7 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 11 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 12 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 15 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 17 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 18 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 20 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 22 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 24 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 26 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 27 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 29 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 32 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 34 inappropriate inappropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 35 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 36 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 38 psychoactive psychoactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 39 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 41 manic manic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 42 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 44 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 45 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 46 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 47 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 48 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 29 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 4 Neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 5 substrates[edit substrates[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 7 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 8 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 10 Reward reward VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 12 § § -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 13   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 14 Pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 15 centers center NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 16 Hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 17 hotspots hotspot NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 18 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 19   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 20 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 23 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 24 centers center NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 27 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 28   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 29 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 30 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 31 functionally functionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 32 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 30 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 1 Activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 4 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 8 recruitment recruitment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 11 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 31 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 1 Inhibition inhibition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 4 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 5 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 8 blunting blunting NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 11 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 13 activating activate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 14 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 15 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 32 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 2 10][11 10][11 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 4 Therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 7 simultaneous simultaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 8 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 10 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 11 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 12 hotspot hotspot NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 13 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 15 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 16 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 18 believed believe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 20 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 21 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 23 generating generate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 25 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 27 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 33 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 4 Types[edit types[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 6 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 7 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 8 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 10 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 11 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 12 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 13 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 15 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 16 psychoactive psychoactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 17 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 19 natural natural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 20 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 23 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 24 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 34 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 2 1][27][4][5 1][27][4][5 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 4 Affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 5 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 8 unipolar unipolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 9 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 11 bipolar bipolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 12 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 13 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 14 involve involve VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 15 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 18 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 35 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 4 Exercise exercise VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 6 induced[edit induced[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 8 Runners runner NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 9 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 10 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 12 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 13 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 14 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 15 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 18 runner runner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 20 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 36 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 1 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 2 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 4 Neurobiological neurobiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 7 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 8 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 9 § § -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 11 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 12 Continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 13 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 14 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 16 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 17 aerobic aerobic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 18 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 20 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 21 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 28 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 30 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 31 running running NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 32 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 33 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 34 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 38 runner runner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 39 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 40 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 43 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 44 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 46 pronounced pronounced JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 47 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 49 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 50 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 51 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 52 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 37 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 4 Exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 6 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 8 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 9 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 10 signaling signaling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 13 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 14 accumbens accumben NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 16 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 17 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 20 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 22 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 23 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 24 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 26 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 27 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 28 neurochemicals neurochemical NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 30 anandamide anandamide IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 32 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 33 endocannabinoid),[29 endocannabinoid),[29 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 35 β β NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 36 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 37 endorphin endorphin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 39 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 40 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 41 opioid),[30 opioid),[30 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 44 phenethylamine phenethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 47 trace trace NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 48 amine amine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 50 amphetamine amphetamine VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 51 analog analog NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 38 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 2 28][31][32 28][31][32 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 4 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 6 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 8 edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 10 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 11 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 13 Frisson Frisson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 14 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 15 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 16 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 19 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 21 dancing dance VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 23 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 25 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 27 making making NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 30 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 32 emotionally emotionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 33 arousing arousing JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 34 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 39 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 2 4][33][34 4][33][34 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 4 Neuroimaging Neuroimaging NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 5 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 7 demonstrated demonstrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 10 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 12 plays play VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 14 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 15 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 17 mediating mediate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 18 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 20 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 21 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 40 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 2 34][35 34][35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 4 Pleasurable Pleasurable NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 5 emotionally emotionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 6 arousing arousing JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 7 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 8 strongly strongly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 9 increases increase VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 10 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 11 neurotransmission neurotransmission NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 14 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 15 pathways pathway NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 17 project project VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 20 striatum striatum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 22 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 25 mesolimbic mesolimbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 26 pathway pathway JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 28 nigrostriatal nigrostriatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 29 pathway pathway NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 41 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 2 33][34][35 33][34][35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 4 Approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 6 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 7 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 10 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 11 experiences experience VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 13 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 14 termed term VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 16 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 17 anhedonia anhedonia NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 22 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 23 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 25 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 26 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 28 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 30 emotionally emotionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 31 arousing arouse VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 32 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 33 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 34 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 36 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 38 perceive perceive VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 40 intended intended JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 41 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 42 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 43 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 44 conveyed convey VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 46 passages passage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 48 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 42 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 5 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 6 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 8 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 9 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 11 assessed assess VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 13 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 16 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 17 precursor precursor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 19 levodopa levodopa NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 22 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 23 antagonist antagonist NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 25 risperidone risperidone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 30 placebo placebo NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 32 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 33 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 35 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 36   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 37 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 38 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 40 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 42 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 43 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 44 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 45 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 46 chills chill NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 48 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 49 measured measure VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 50 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 51 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 53 electrodermal electrodermal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 54 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 55 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 56 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 57 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 58 subjective subjective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 59 ratings rating NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 60   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 61 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 62 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 63 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 65 manipulation manipulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 66 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 67 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 68 neurotransmission neurotransmission NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 69 bidirectionally bidirectionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 70 regulates regulate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 71 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 72 cognition cognition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 73 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 74 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 76 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 77 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 78 impact impact NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 79 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 80 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 82 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 83 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 84 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 43 85 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 2 36][37 36][37 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 5 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 6 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 8 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 9 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 10 neurotransmission neurotransmission NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 11 acts act VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 14 sine sine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 15 qua qua NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 16 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 17 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 19 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 20 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 21 reactions reaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 23 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 25 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 44 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 2 36][37 36][37 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 4 Copulation copulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 6 induced[edit induced[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 9 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 10 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 12 copulation copulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 13 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 16 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 18 inducing induce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 19 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 21 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 22 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 45 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 1 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 2 analysts analyst NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 4 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 5 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 7 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 8 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 10 copulation copulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 13 moments moment NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 14 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 16 orgasm orgasm NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 20 orgasm orgasm NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 21 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 24 pinnacle pinnacle NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 26 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 27 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 29 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 46 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 4 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 6 induced[edit induced[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 9 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 10 dose dose NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 12 methamphetamine methamphetamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 13 causes cause VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 15 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 17 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 18 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 47 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 5 Euphoriant Euphoriant NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 7 redirects redirect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 8 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 48 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 2 euphoriant euphoriant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 5 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 7 psychoactive psychoactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 8 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 10 tends tend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 12 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 13 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 49 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 2 40][41 40][41 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 4 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 5 euphoriants euphoriant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 7 addictive addictive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 8 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 9 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 12 reinforcing reinforce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 13 properties property NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 15 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 17 activate activate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 19 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 21 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 22 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 50 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 4 Psychedelics[edit psychedelics[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 6 Prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 7 psychedelic psychedelic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 8 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 12 LSD lsd NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 14 psilocybin psilocybin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 15 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 16 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 18 inducing induce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 19 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 51 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 2 Global Global NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 3 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 6 revealed reveal VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 8 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 10 22,000 22,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 11 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 12 MDMA mdma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 14 LSD lsd NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 18 psilocybin psilocybin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 20 mushrooms mushroom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 22 ranked rank VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 23 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 24 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 27 Net Net NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 28 Pleasure Pleasure NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 29 Index Index NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 30 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 31 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 32 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 33 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 34 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 35 incuded incude VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 38 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 52 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 4 Stimulants[edit stimulants[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 6 Dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 7 stimulants stimulant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 8 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 9 amphetamine amphetamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 11 methamphetamine methamphetamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 13 cocaine cocaine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 15 MDMA mdma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 18 methylphenidate methylphenidate NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 20 euphoriants euphoriant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 53 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 2 1][5 1][5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 4 Nicotine Nicotine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 7 parasympathetic parasympathetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 8 stimulant stimulant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 10 acts act VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 13 mild mild JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 14 euphoriant euphoriant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 17 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 54 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 4 Chewing chew VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 5 areca areca NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 6 nut nut NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 8 seeds seed NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 11 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 12 catechu catechu NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 13 palm palm NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 16 slaked slake VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 17 lime lime NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 19 calcium calcium NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 20 hydroxide hydroxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 22 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 24 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 25 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 27 South- South- NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 29 Southeast Southeast NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 30 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 31 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 32 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 33 stimulant stimulant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 34 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 36 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 55 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 2 43][44][45 43][44][45 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 5 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 6 psychoactive psychoactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 7 ingredients ingredient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 8 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 9 arecoline arecoline NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 12 muscarinic muscarinic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 13 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 14 partial partial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 15 agonist)[44][46 agonist)[44][46 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 18 arecaidine arecaidine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 21 GABA GABA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 22 reuptake reuptake NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 23 inhibitor)[47][48 inhibitor)[47][48 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 25 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 27 responsible responsible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 30 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 31 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 56 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 2 49][50 49][50 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 4 Depressants[edit depressants[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 6 Certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 7 depressants depressant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 8 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 9 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 15 euphoriant euphoriant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 16 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 18 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 19 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 20 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 21 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 23 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 24 doses,[51][52 doses,[51][52 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 26 γ γ JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 28 hydroxybutyric hydroxybutyric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 29 acid,[1][53 acid,[1][53 NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 32 ketamine ketamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 57 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 5 barbiturates barbiturate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 7 benzodiazepines benzodiazepine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 9 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 58 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 1 Euphoriant euphoriant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 2 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 4 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 7 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 9 speed speed NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 11 onset,[54 onset,[54 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 13 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 14 dose,[55 dose,[55 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 18 intravenous intravenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 19 administration administration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 59 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 2 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 4 Barbiturates barbiturate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 6 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 8 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 10 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 11 amobarbital amobarbital NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 13 secobarbital secobarbital NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 15 pentobarbital pentobarbital JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 60 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 2 57][58 57][58 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 4 Benzodiazepines benzodiazepine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 6 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 8 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 11 flunitrazepam flunitrazepam NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 13 alprazolam alprazolam NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 15 clonazepam clonazepam NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 61 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 2 54][59][60 54][59][60 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 4 Benzodiazepines benzodiazepine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 6 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 8 enhance enhance VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 9 opioid opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 11 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 12 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 62 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 4 Pregabalin Pregabalin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 5 induces induce NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 6 dose dose VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 8 dependent dependent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 63 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 2 62][63 62][63 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 4 Occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 7 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 8 percentage percentage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 10 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 12 recommended recommend VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 13 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 15 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 17 increasingly increasingly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 18 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 20 supratherapeutic supratherapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 21 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 25 intravenous- intravenous- NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 27 nasal nasal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 28 administration administration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 64 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 2 64][63][62 64][63][62 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 5 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 6 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 7 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 9 maximum maximum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 10 recommended recommend VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 12 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 13 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 15 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 65 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 4 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 5 GABA GABA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 6 analogue analogue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 8 gabapentin gabapentin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 11 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 12 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 66 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 2 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 4 Characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 6 opioid opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 8 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 10 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 11 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 14 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 15 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 17 supratherapeutic supratherapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 18 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 22 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 25 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 27 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 29 opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 31 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 67 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 2 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 4 Ethosuximide ethosuximide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 6 perampanel perampanel NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 9 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 12 therapeutic therapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 13 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 68 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 2 66][67 66][67 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 4 Opioids[edit opioids[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 6 µ-Opioid µ-opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 7 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 8 agonists agonist NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 11 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 13 euphoriants[5 euphoriants[5 NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 16 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 17 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 18 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 20 heroin heroin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 22 morphine morphine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 24 codeine codeine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 26 oxycodone oxycodone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 29 fentanyl fentanyl NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 69 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 2 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 4 κ κ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 6 opioid opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 7 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 8 agonists agonist NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 10 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 12 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 13 neuropeptide neuropeptide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 14 dynorphin dynorphin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 17 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 19 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 20 dysphoria,[5 dysphoria,[5 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 23 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 24 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 25 opposite opposite JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 27 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 28 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 29 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 30 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 32 profound profound JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 33 discontent discontent NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 70 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 1 Cannabinoids[edit cannabinoids[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 3 Cannabinoid cannabinoid JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 4 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 6 agonists agonist NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 9 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 11 euphoriants euphoriant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 13 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 14 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 15 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 17 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 18 cannabinoids cannabinoid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 20 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 22 THC THC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 25 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 26 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 29 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 30 cannabinoids cannabinoid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 32 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 34 anandamide anandamide RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 38 synthetic synthetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 39 cannabinoids cannabinoid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 71 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 4 Inhalants[edit Inhalants[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 6 Certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 7 gases gas NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 10 nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 11 oxide oxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 13 N2O n2o UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 15 aka aka RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 17 laughing laugh VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 18 gas gas NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 22 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 23 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 24 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 25 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 26 inhaled inhale VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 72 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 2 5][68 5][68 VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 4 Glucocorticoids[edit glucocorticoids[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 6 Acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 7 exogenous exogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 8 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 9 administration administration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 11 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 13 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 14 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 18 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 21 observed observe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 23 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 25 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 26 exposure exposure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 73 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 4 Fasting fast VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 6 induced[edit induced[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 8 Fasting fasting NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 11 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 13 improved improved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 14 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 16 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 18 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 21 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 22 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 74 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 1 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 5 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 7 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 8 applications application NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 10 treating treat VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 11 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 12 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 75 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 2 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 4 Neuropsychiatric[edit neuropsychiatric[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 6 Mania[edit mania[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 8 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 11 strongly strongly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 12 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 14 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 15 hypomania hypomania NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 17 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 19 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 20 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 21 characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 24 pathological pathological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 25 heightening heightening NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 27 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 30 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 31 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 32 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 33 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 35 irritable irritable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 38 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 40 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 41 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 43 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 44 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 45 pressured pressured JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 46 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 48 flight flight NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 50 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 53 grandiosity grandiosity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 76 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 2 70][71 70][71 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 4 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 5 hypomania hypomania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 7 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 9 syndromes syndrome VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 11 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 12 etiologies etiology NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 14 that that RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 15 is is RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 17 ones one NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 19 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 20 arise arise VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 22 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 23 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 25 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 28 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 29 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 30 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 31 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 32 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 34 bipolar bipolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 35 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 38 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 39 illness illness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 40 characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 42 alternating alternate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 43 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 45 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 47 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 77 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 2 70][71 70][71 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 4 Epilepsy[edit epilepsy[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 6 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 8 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 9 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 10 auras auras NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 12 seizures[72][73 seizures[72][73 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 14 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 15 originating originate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 18 temporal temporal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 19 lobe lobe NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 22 affecting affect VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 24 anterior anterior NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 25 insular insular NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 26 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 78 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 2 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 4 symptomatic symptomatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 7 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 8 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 9 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 10 ecstatic ecstatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 11 seizures,[74][75 seizures,[74][75 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 13 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 15 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 16 mystical mystical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 17 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 79 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 2 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 4 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 7 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 8 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 9 dysphoria dysphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 11 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 13 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 15 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 16 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 17 epileptic epileptic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 18 seizures seizure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 80 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 2 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 4 interictal interictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 5 dysphoric dysphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 6 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 9 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 11 atypical atypical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 12 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 13 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 81 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 2 77][78 77][78 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 4 Persons person NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 5 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 6 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 7 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 9 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 11 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 14 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 15 seizures seizure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 16 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 17 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 18 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 19 afterwards afterwards RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 82 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 2 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 4 Migraine[edit migraine[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 6 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 7 persons person NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 8 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 12 prodrome prodrome NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 13 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 14 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 16 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 17 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 19 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 20 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 23 migraine migraine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 24 headache headache NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 83 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 2 80][81][82 80][81][82 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 4 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 7 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 8 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 9 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 12 persons person NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 13 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 15 migraine migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 16 episode episode NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 84 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 2 80][82 80][82 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 4 Multiple multiple NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 5 sclerosis[edit sclerosis[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 7 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 8 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 9 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 11 persons person NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 13 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 14 sclerosis sclerosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 17 illness illness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 18 progresses progress VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 85 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 2 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 4 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 7 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 8 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 9 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 10 euphoria euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 11 sclerotica sclerotica NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 14 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 15 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 16 disinhibition disinhibition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 19 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 21 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 23 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 24 dysfunction dysfunction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 86 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 2 83][84 83][84 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 5 also[edit also[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 7 Psychological Psychological NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 8 Dysphoria Dysphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 9 Euthymia Euthymia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 10 Hyperthymia Hyperthymia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 11 Sense Sense NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 13 wonder wonder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 14 Pharmacological Pharmacological NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 15 Anxiolytic Anxiolytic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 16 Designer Designer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 17 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 18 Recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 19 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 20 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 21 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 23 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 25 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 26 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 27 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 28 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 29 Bearn Bearn NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 30 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 32 O'Brien O'Brien NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 33 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 35 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 87 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 2 Addicted addicted JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 4 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 8 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 10 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 11 Presentation Presentation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 14 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 16 Party Party NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 17 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 18 Misuse Misuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 88 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 89 1 Int Int NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 89 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 90 1 Rev. Rev. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 91 1 Neurobiol Neurobiol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 91 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 92 1 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 92 2 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 92 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 92 4 Neurobiology Neurobiology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 92 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 93 1 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 93 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 93 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 93 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 94 1 205–33 205–33 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 94 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 95 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 95 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 95 3 bs.irn.2015.02.005 bs.irn.2015.02.005 JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 95 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 96 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 96 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 96 3 9780128029787 9780128029787 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 96 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 97 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 97 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 97 3 26070759 26070759 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 97 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 1 Eating eating NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 3 drinking drinking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 5 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 6 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 9 parenting parent VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 10 invoke invoke NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 11 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 14 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 16 promotes promote VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 17 repetition repetition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 19 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 20 behaviors behavior NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 23 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 24 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 25 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 98 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 1 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 4 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 6 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 8 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 9 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 11 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 15 amplification amplification NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 17 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 19 aspired aspire VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 21 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 23 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 24 biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 25 needs need NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 26 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 28 satisfied satisfied JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 99 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 1 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 2 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 3 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 4 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 7 shortcut shortcut NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 100 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 1 Ecstasy Ecstasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 3 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 6 γ γ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 8 hydroxybutyric hydroxybutyric NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 9 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 12 ketamine ketamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 13 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 14 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 16 umbrella umbrella NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 19 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 21 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 22 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 25 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 27 differing differ VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 28 neuropharmacological neuropharmacological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 30 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 31 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 101 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 2 Alcaro Alcaro NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 5 Panksepp Panksepp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 8 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 102 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 3 SEEKING seeking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 4 mind mind NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 6 primal primal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 7 neuro neuro NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 9 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 10 substrates substrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 12 appetitive appetitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 13 incentive incentive NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 14 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 17 pathological pathological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 18 dynamics dynamic NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 20 addictions addiction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 22 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 103 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 104 1 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 104 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 104 3 Biobehavioral Biobehavioral NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 104 4 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 104 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 1 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 6 1805–1820 1805–1820 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 105 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 106 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 106 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 106 3 j.neubiorev.2011.03.002 j.neubiorev.2011.03.002 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 106 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 107 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 107 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 107 3 21396397 21396397 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 107 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 108 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 108 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 108 3 6613696 6613696 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 108 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 1 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 2 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 3 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 8 SEEKING seek VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 9 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 10 circuitry circuitry NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 13 predicted predict VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 16 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 19 emergence emergence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 22 characteristic characteristic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 23 appetitive appetitive NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 24 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 25 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 28 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 29 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 30 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 32 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 33 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 34 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 35 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 36 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 37 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 38 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 39 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 40 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 42 Drevets Drevets NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 43 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 44 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 45 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 47 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 48 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 49 Volkow Volkow NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 51 Swanson Swanson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 53 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 56 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 57 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 58 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 59 resemble resemble VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 60 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 61 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 63 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 64 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 66 Heath Heath NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 68 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 69 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 70 Panksepp Panksepp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 71 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 72 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 73 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 75 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 77   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 109 78 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 4 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 5 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 7 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 8 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 11 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 13 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 14 slice slice NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 17 pie pie NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 18 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 21 gamma gamma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 22 oscillations oscillation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 23 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 25 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 26 globally globally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 27 viewed view VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 30 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 31 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 33 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 34 neurodynamics neurodynamic NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 35 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 36 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 38 SEEKING seeking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 39 disposition disposition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 41 expressed express VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 43 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 44 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 46 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 48 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 49 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 50 eurphoria eurphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 52 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 53 ‘ ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 54 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 55 ’ ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 57 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 58 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 59 evolutionarily evolutionarily RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 60 designed design VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 61 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 62 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 63 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 64 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 66 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 67 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 68 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 69 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 70 Key Key NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 71 DSM DSM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 72 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 73 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 74 Mental Mental NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 75 Status Status NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 76 Exam Exam NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 77 Phrases Phrases NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 78 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 110 79 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 111 1 Gateway Gateway NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 111 2 Psychiatric Psychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 111 3 Services Services NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 111 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 112 1 Mood Mood NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 112 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 112 3 Affect Affect NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 112 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 6 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 7 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 8 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 113 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 114 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 114 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 114 3 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 114 4 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 114 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 5 Cohen Cohen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 6 EE EE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 8 Ejsmond Ejsmond NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 10 Frey Frey NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 11 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 13 Knight Knight NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 14 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 16 Dunbar Dunbar NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 17 RI RI NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 19 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 115 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 2 Rowers rower NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 3 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 4 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 6 behavioural behavioural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 7 synchrony synchrony NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 9 correlated correlate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 11 elevated elevated JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 12 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 13 thresholds threshold NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 116 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 117 1 Biol Biol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 117 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 118 1 Lett Lett NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 118 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 6 106–8 106–8 ADD en-wikipedia-org-3158 119 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 120 1 doi:10.1098 doi:10.1098 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 120 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 120 3 rsbl.2009.0670 rsbl.2009.0670 NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 120 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 121 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 121 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 121 3 2817271 2817271 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 121 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 122 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 122 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 122 3 19755532 19755532 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 122 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 2 heightened heighten VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 3 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 4 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 5 synchronized synchronize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 6 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 8 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 10 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 12 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 13 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 14 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 16 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 17 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 19 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 21 laughter laughter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 23 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 25 making making NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 27 dancing dancing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 30 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 31 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 33 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 34 bonding bonding NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 36 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 38 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 39 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 40 vertebrates vertebrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 123 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 5 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 7 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 8 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 9 h h NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 10 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 11 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 12 k k NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 13 Malenka Malenka NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 14 RC RC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 16 Nestler Nestler NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 17 EJ EJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 19 Hyman Hyman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 20 SE SE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 22 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 124 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 1 Sydor Sydor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 2 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 4 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 5 RY RY NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 7 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 125 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 1 Molecular Molecular NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 2 Neuropharmacology Neuropharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 4 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 5 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 7 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 8 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 10 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 11 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 126 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 4 McGraw McGraw NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 6 Hill Hill NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 7 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 127 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 128 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 128 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 1 191 191 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 3 350–351 350–351 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 5 367–368 367–368 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 7 371–375 371–375 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 129 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 130 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 130 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 130 3 9780071481274 9780071481274 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 130 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 1 Changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 3 appetite appetite NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 5 energy energy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 7 reflect reflect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 8 abnormalities abnormality NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 10 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 11 hypothalamic hypothalamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 12 nuclei nucleus NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 131 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 1 Depressed depressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 2 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 4 anhedonia anhedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 6 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 8 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 10 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 11 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 14 depressed depressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 15 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 18 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 20 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 21 involvement involvement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 23 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 25 directed direct VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 26 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 28 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 30 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 31 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 32 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 34 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 35 reflect reflect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 36 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 37 abnormalities abnormality NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 40 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 41 accumbens accumbens NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 43 medial medial NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 44 prefrontal prefrontal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 45 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 47 amygdala amygdala NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 49 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 50 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 51 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 132 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 133 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 2 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 5 administration administration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 7 glucocorticoids glucocorticoids NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 8 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 9 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 12 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 13 energy energy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 16 impact impact NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 18 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 20 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 21 increases increase NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 23 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 24 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 25 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 26 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 27 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 28 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 29 involve involve VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 30 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 31 adaptations adaptation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 32 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 34 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 36 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 38 Cushing Cushing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 39 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 41 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 42 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 134 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 135 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 1 Exposure exposure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 3 addictive addictive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 4 chemicals chemical NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 6 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 7 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 8 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 9 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 10 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 12 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 13 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 14 motivate motivate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 15 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 16 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 19 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 20 causes cause VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 21 equally equally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 22 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 23 adaptations adaptation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 25 reinforcement reinforcement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 26 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 28 motivated motivated JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 29 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 30 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 31 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 32 lead lead VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 34 compulsive compulsive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 35 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 136 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 1 Accordingly accordingly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 4 evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 5 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 7 human human NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 9 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 10 brains brain NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 13 helped help VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 15 promote promote VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 16 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 17 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 18 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 19 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 20 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 21 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 22 vulnerable vulnerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 24 addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 137 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 2 Georgiadis Georgiadis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 3 JR JR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 5 Kringelbach Kringelbach NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 6 ML ML NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 8 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 9 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 138 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 3 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 4 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 5 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 6 cycle cycle NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 8 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 9 imaging image VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 10 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 11 linking link VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 12 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 14 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 15 pleasures pleasure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 18 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 139 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 140 1 Prog Prog NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 140 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 141 1 Neurobiol Neurobiol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 141 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 1 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 6 49–81 49–81 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 142 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 143 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 143 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 143 3 j.pneurobio.2012.05.004 j.pneurobio.2012.05.004 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 143 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 144 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 144 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 144 3 22609047 22609047 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 144 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 145 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 145 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 145 3 3793929 3793929 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 145 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 3 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 7 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 9 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 10 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 11 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 146 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 147 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 147 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 147 3 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 147 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 147 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 1 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 2 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 4 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 6 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 8 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 9 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 11 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 12 alterations alteration NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 14 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 15 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 17 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 19 referential referential NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 20 thought thought NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 23 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 24 arousal arousal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 25 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 26 defining define VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 27 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 29 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 30 consummation consummation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 32 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 33 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 34 orgasm orgasm NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 36 Mah Mah NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 38 Binik Binik NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 40 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 148 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 2 Blum Blum NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 3 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 5 Werner Werner NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 6 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 8 Carnes Carnes NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 9 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 11 Carnes Carnes NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 12 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 14 Bowirrat Bowirrat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 15 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 17 Giordano Giordano NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 18 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 20 Oscar Oscar NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 22 Berman Berman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 23 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 25 Gold Gold NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 26 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 28 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 29 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 149 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 2 Sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 4 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 7 rock rock NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 8 ' ' CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 9 n n CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 10 ' ' CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 11 roll roll NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 13 hypothesizing hypothesize VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 14 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 15 mesolimbic mesolimbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 16 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 19 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 21 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 22 gene gene NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 23 polymorphisms polymorphism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 150 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 151 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 151 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 151 3 Psychoactive Psychoactive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 151 4 Drugs Drugs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 151 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 1 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 6 38–55 38–55 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 152 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 153 1 doi:10.1080/02791072.2012.662112 doi:10.1080/02791072.2012.662112 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 153 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 154 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 154 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 154 3 4040958 4040958 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 154 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 155 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 155 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 155 3 22641964 22641964 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 155 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 1 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 3 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 4 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 6 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 7 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 8 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 12 cross cross JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 13 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 14 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 15 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 19 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 21 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 22 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 25 mammalian mammalian JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 26 drive drive NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 28 pursue pursue VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 29 preferred preferred JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 30 mates mate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 156 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 157 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 1 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 2 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 3 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 8 surprising surprising JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 10 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 11 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 13 physiologically physiologically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 14 regulated regulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 17 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 18 circuitry circuitry NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 21 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 23 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 25 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 26 pathways pathway NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 28 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 29 Figure Figure NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 30 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 158 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 4 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 5 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 8 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 10 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 11 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 12 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 15 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 17 absorbing absorbing JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 18 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 159 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 1 Individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 3 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 4 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 5 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 6 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 7 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 8 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 10 energetic energetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 160 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 3 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 4 emotionally emotionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 5 dependent dependent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 8 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 9 closeness closeness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 13 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 14 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 15 focused focused JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 16 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 19 partner partner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 21 Reynaud Reynaud NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 22 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 23 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 161 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 1 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 2 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 3 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 4 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 162 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 1 Human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 2 neuroimaging neuroimaging JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 3 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 5 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 7 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 8 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 9 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 11 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 12 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 15 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 16 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 18 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 20 neural neural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 21 activations activation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 23 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 24 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 26 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 28 affect affect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 30 processing process VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 31 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 34 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 36 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 37 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 39 Aron Aron NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 40 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 41 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 163 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 1 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 2 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 3 Bartels Bartels NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 5 Zeki Zeki NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 6 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 8 Mashek Mashek NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 10 Aron Aron NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 11 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 12 Fisher Fisher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 13 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 164 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 2 Jankowiak Jankowiak NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 4 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 6 Paladino Paladino NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 8 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 10 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 165 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 166 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 166 2 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 166 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 166 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 1 Desiring desire VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 2 Sex Sex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 4 Longing longing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 6 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 9 Tripartite Tripartite NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 10 Conundrum Conundrum NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 167 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 168 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 168 2 Jankowiak Jankowiak NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 168 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 168 4 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 168 5 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 169 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 169 2 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 169 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 169 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 169 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 1 Intimacies intimacy NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 3 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 5 Sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 6 Across Across NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 7 Cultures Cultures NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 170 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 171 1 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 171 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 171 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 171 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 172 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 172 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 172 3 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 172 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 173 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 173 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 173 3 9780231508766 9780231508766 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 173 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 2 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 3 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 7 manifested manifest VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 8 behaviorally behaviorally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 11 labile labile JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 12 psychophysical psychophysical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 13 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 16 loved love VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 17 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 19 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 20 exhilaration exhilaration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 22 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 24 buoyancy buoyancy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 26 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 27 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 29 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 30 energy energy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 32 sleeplessness sleeplessness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 34 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 36 appetite appetite NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 38 shyness shyness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 40 awkwardness awkwardness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 41   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 42 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 45 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 48 loved loved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 49 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 52 Fisher Fisher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 53 1998:32 1998:32 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 174 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 2 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 4 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 5 neurological neurological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 8 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 9 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 10 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 11 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 14 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 16 readily readily RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 17 identify identify VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 19 someone someone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 21 romantically romantically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 22 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 24 erotically erotically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 25 excited excited JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 27 Fisher Fisher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 28 1998:32 1998:32 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 30 Fisher Fisher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 31 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 175 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 2 Johnson Johnson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 3 BA BA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 5 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 176 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 1 Addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 2 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 4 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 6 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 177 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 178 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 179 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 179 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 179 3 133 133 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 179 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 180 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 180 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 180 3 9781441903389 9781441903389 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 180 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 3 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 4 observed observe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 6 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 8 abuse abuse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 9 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 10 diverse diverse JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 12 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 14 barbiturates barbiturate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 16 opiates opiate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 19 psychomotor psychomotor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 20 stimulants stimulant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 21 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 22 share share VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 24 profile profile NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 26 psychoactive psychoactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 27 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 28 characterized characterize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 30 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 181 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 3 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 4 accepted accept VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 6 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 9 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 11 partial partial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 12 explanation explanation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 13 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 14 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 15 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 17 abused abuse VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 182 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 4 Berridge Berridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 5 KC KC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 7 Kringelbach Kringelbach NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 8 ML ML NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 10 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 11 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 183 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 2 Pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 3 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 6 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 184 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 185 1 Neuron neuron UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 185 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 1 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 6 646–664 646–664 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 186 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 187 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 187 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 187 3 j.neuron.2015.02.018 j.neuron.2015.02.018 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 187 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 188 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 188 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 188 3 4425246 4425246 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 188 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 189 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 189 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 189 3 25950633 25950633 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 189 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 4 Castro Castro NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 6 DC DC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 8 Berridge Berridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 10 KC KC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 12 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 13 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 14 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 190 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 2 Opioid Opioid NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 4 orexin orexin JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 5 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 6 hotspots hotspot NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 8 rat rat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 9 orbitofrontal orbitofrontal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 10 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 12 insula insula NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 191 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 4 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 5 Academy Academy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 7 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 10 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 11 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 13 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 192 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 1 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 3 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 6 E9125–E9134 E9125–E9134 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 193 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 194 1 doi:10.1073 doi:10.1073 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 194 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 194 3 pnas.1705753114 pnas.1705753114 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 194 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 195 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 195 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 195 3 5664503 5664503 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 195 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 196 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 196 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 196 3 29073109 29073109 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 196 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 4 Kringelbach Kringelbach NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 5 ML ML NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 7 Berridge Berridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 8 KC KC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 10 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 197 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 3 Joyful joyful JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 4 Mind mind NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 7 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 198 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 199 1 Scientific scientific JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 199 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 199 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 1 307 307 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 6 44–45 44–45 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 200 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 201 1 Bibcode:2012SciAm.307b Bibcode:2012SciAm.307b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 201 2 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 201 3 40K. 40k. LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 1 doi:10.1038 doi:10.1038 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 3 scientificamerican0812 scientificamerican0812 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 5 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 202 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 203 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 203 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 203 3 22844850 22844850 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 203 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 4 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 6 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 9 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 10 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 11 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 204 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 205 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 205 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 205 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 205 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 205 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 1 So so CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 3 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 4 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 7 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 8 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 9 centers center NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 12 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 13 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 14 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 15 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 16 responsible responsible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 18 generating generate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 19 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 20 sensations sensation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 21 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 22 turn turn VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 23 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 25 lie lie VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 26 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 27 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 30 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 31 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 32 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 34 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 37 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 38 circuit circuit NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 206 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 4 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 6 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 7 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 8 hotspots hotspot NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 9 lies lie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 12 subregion subregion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 15 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 16 accumbens accumben NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 17 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 19 medial medial NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 20 shell shell NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 207 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 4 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 5 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 7 ventral ventral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 8 pallidum pallidum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 11 deep deep RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 13 seated seat VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 14 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 15 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 17 base base NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 20 forebrain forebrain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 22 receives receive VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 23 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 26 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 29 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 30 accumbens accumben NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 208 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 2             _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 3 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 6 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 8 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 11 harder hard JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 13 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 14 by by RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 15 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 16 everyday everyday JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 17 pleasures pleasure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 209 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 2 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 5 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 6 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 7 enhancement enhancement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 9 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 10 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 11 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 13 chemically chemically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 14 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 15 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 16 bump bump NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 17 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 18 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 20 lab lab NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 21 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 22 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 23 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 25 require require VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 26 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 29 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 30 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 31 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 32 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 210 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 1 Defection defection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 3 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 4 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 5 component component NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 6 dampens dampen VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 8 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 211 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 1 Whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 3 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 4 circuit circuit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 8 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 11 ventral ventral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 12 pallidum pallidum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 13 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 14 works work VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 16 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 17 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 19 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 21 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 212 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 2 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 4 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 5 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 6 Liddell Liddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 8 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 9 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 12 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 15 Lexicon Lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 18 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 21 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 22 Etymology Etymology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 23 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 213 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 6 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 7 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 8 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 214 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 215 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 215 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 215 3 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 215 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 215 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 2 Kersey Kersey NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 3 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 5 Phillips Phillips NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 6 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 8 1706 1706 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 216 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 2 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 3 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 5 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 9 Universal Universal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 10 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 11 dictionary dictionary NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 217 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 3 Printed Printed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 6 Phillips Phillips NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 218 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 219 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 219 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 220 1 EU EU NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 220 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 2 Laycock Laycock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 3 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 5 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 6 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 7 1862 1862 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 221 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 2 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 3 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 5 Gazette Gazette NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 222 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 223 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 223 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 223 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 223 4 Churchill Churchill NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 223 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 224 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 224 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 225 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 225 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 1 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 2 unfrequently unfrequently RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 4 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 7 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 10 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 12 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 13 diagnostic diagnostic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 15 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 16 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 226 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 4 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 7 very very JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 8 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 9 diseases disease NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 13 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 14 portion portion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 17 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 18 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 20 subserves subserve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 23 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 25 bodily bodily JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 26 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 28 being,—termed being,—terme VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 31 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 32 phrase phrase NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 34 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 35 — — : en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 36 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 37 morbidly morbidly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 38 modified modify VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 41 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 227 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 1 • • UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 3 Laycock Laycock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 4 T t NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 6 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 7 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 8 1864 1864 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 228 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 2 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 3 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 5 Gazette Gazette NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 229 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 230 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 230 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 230 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 230 4 Churchill Churchill NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 230 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 231 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 231 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 232 1 500 500 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 232 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 2 morbid morbid JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 3 hopefulness hopefulness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 5 phthisis phthisis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 7 physiologically physiologically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 8 termed term VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 9 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 12 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 14 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 16 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 17 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 19 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 233 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 2 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 4 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 5 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 10 bedside bedside NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 13 shown show VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 16 ushers usher VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 19 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 20 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 234 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 3 really really RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 5 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 8 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 9 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 12 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 13 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 16 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 18 insanity insanity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 24 worst bad JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 25 significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 235 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 2 Freud Freud NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 5 1884 1884 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 236 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 237 1 Über Über NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 237 2 Coca Coca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 237 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 1 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 2 cited cite VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 5 NIDA NIDA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 6 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 7 Monograph Monograph NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 8 # # $ en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 9 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 10 Siegel Siegel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 11 RK RK NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 13 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 238 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 2 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 3 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 4 Cocaine Cocaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 6 Recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 7 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 9 Intoxication Intoxication NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 12 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 239 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 2 Petersen Petersen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 3 RC RC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 5 Stillman Stillman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 6 RC RC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 240 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 1 NIDA NIDA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 2 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 3 Monograph Monograph NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 4 # # NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 5 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 241 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 242 1 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 242 2 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 242 3 Printing Printing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 242 4 Office Office NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 242 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 243 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 243 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 243 3 130 130 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 243 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 2 psychic psychic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 3 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 6 cocaine cocaine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 8 consists consist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 10 exhilaration exhilaration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 12 lasting lasting JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 13 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 16 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 18 differ differ VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 21 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 24 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 28 healthy healthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 29 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 30 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 31 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 32 senses sense VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 34 increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 36 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 38 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 40 feels feel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 41 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 42 vigorous vigorous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 44 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 45 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 47 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 48 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 49 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 51 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 52 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 54 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 55 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 56 works work VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 58 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 59 misses miss VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 61 heightening heightening NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 64 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 65 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 66 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 67 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 69 tea tea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 71 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 72 coffee coffee NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 73 induce induce NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 244 74 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 3 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 4 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 7 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 8 finds find VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 10 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 12 believe believe VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 14 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 18 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 21 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 22 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 23 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 245 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 2 Miller Miller NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 3 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 5 Dennison Dennison NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 246 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 247 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 247 2 Lecture lecture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 247 3 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 247 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 247 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 2 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 4 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 6 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 7 Lectures Lectures NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 10 Lectures lecture NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 12 Carl Carl NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 13 Wernicke Wernicke NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 248 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 249 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 249 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 250 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 250 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 250 3 216 216 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 250 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 3 9783319180519 9783319180519 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 4 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 5 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 6 Google Google NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 7 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 251 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 2 R]ational R]ational NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 3 judgment judgment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 5 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 6 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 8 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 12 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 14 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 15 capacity capacity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 16 arises arise NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 18 … … NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 20 induces induce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 21 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 23 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 27 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 29 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 30 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 32 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 33 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 34 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 36 assuming assume VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 37 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 38 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 39 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 41 psychic psychic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 42 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 43 prevails prevail NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 45 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 47 awareness awareness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 50 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 52 personality personality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 53 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 54 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 55 enabled enable VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 56 — — : en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 57 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 58 autopsychic autopsychic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 59 paraesthesia paraesthesia NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 62 above above JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 63 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 252 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 1 Consequently consequently RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 4 Affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 5 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 7 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 8 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 10 determines determine VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 12 clinical clinical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 13 picture picture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 14 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 15 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 16 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 18 transitions transition NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 20 autopsychic autopsychic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 21 disarray disarray NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 253 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 3 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 4 Doctors doctor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 5 Say say VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 6 That that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 7 Scorching scorching NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 9 Like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 10 Effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 12 Drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 254 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 255 1 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 255 2 Herald Herald NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 255 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 1 1903 1903 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 3 reprinted reprint VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 6 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 7 Daily Daily NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 8 Globe Globe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 10 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 11 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 12 1903 1903 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 14 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 15 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 18 Have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 19 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 20 Euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 21 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 256 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 257 1 Popular Popular NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 257 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 257 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 1 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 6 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 258 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 1 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 2 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 3 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 4 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 5 Google Google NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 6 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 259 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 2 takes take VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 4 doctor doctor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 6 give give VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 8 high high RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 10 sounding sound VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 11 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 14 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 15 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 16 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 260 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 2 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 4 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 6 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 7 fit fit JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 261 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 3 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 4 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 6 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 7 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 9 scarlet scarlet JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 10 fever fever NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 262 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 1 Nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 2 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 4 worth worth JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 5 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 8 alive alive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 9 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 10 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 11 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 263 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 2 joy joy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 4 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 6 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 7 tennis tennis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 8 stroke stroke NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 11 delight delight NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 14 Woodsman Woodsman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 15 gets get VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 18 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 19 air air NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 22 artist artist NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 23 ’s ’s POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 24 rhapsody rhapsody NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 25 — — : en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 26 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 28 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 30 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 264 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 1 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 2 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 3 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 4 drink drink VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 5 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 6 — — : en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 7 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 8 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 9 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 10 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 13 smoke smoke VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 14 tobacco tobacco NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 265 15 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-3158 266 1 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 266 2 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 266 3 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 266 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 3 lunatic lunatic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 4 thinks think VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 6 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 8 Napoleon Napoleon NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 10 demands demand VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 12 homage homage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 13 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 15 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 17 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 18 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 19 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 21 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 22 worst bad JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 23 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 267 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 1 Too too RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 2 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 4 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 5 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 6 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 268 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 5 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 7 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 9 chemicals chemical NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 11 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 12 knows know VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 16 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 17 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 18 seat seat NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 20 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 21 gland gland NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 269 22 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 2 Woodworth Woodworth NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 4 RS RS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 6 1921 1921 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 270 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 2 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 3 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 5 Emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 7 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 8 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 9 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 13 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 14 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 16 go go VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 271 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 1 Psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 4 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 6 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 7 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 272 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 4 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 5 Holt Holt NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 7 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 273 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 274 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 274 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 275 1 119–120 119–120 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 275 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 3 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 6 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 7 Internet internet NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 8 archive archive NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 276 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 1 Something something NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 3 said say VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 4 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 5 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 7 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 8 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 11 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 13 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 14 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 16 tendencies tendency NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 18 reaction reaction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 277 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 278 1 Fatigue Fatigue NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 278 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 278 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 278 4 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 278 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 1 Now now RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 2 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 3 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 4 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 5 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 6 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 8 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 11 stirred stir VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 13 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 14 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 17 organism organism NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 21 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 23 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 25 precisely precisely RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 27 stirred stir VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 29 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 32 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 34 uneasy uneasy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 279 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 4 deviation deviation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 7 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 9 neutral neutral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 10 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 280 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 1 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 5 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 7 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 8 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 11 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 12 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 13 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 17 tired tired JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 18 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 21 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 23 purely purely RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 24 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 25 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 27 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 29 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 31 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 34 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 35 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 36 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 37 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 38 fatigued fatigued JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 39 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 41 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 43 disinclination disinclination NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 45 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 46 any any RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 47 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 281 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 1 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 2 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 4 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 5 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 6 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 7 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 9 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 12 fits fit VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 13 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 14 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 15 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 20 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 22 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 26 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 28 complex complex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 30 sensations sensation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 282 31 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 3 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 4 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 6 akin akin JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 8 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 11 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 12 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 283 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 2 opposite opposite NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 4 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 8 warmed warm VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 10 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 12 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 14 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 15 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 18 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 19 amount amount NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 21 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 22 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 23 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 27 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 29 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 284 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 4 deviation deviation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 7 average average JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 9 neutral neutral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 10 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 14 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 16 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 17 readiness readiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 19 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 285 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 2 warmed warm VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 4 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 5 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 6 feels feel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 7 ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 9 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 11 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 14 ginger ginger NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 18 pep pep NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 21 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 23 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 25 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 286 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 2 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 4 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 7 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 8 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 9 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 11 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 14 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 15 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 19 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 21 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 22 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 287 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 1 Drowsiness Drowsiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 3 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 6 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 8 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 9 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 12 hunger hunger NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 14 thirst thirst NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 15 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 17 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 18 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 288 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 2 Bousfield Bousfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 3 WA WA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 5 1940 1940 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 289 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 3 Relation Relation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 6 Euphoric Euphoric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 7 Attitude Attitude NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 10 Quality Quality NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 12 Sleep Sleep NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 290 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 291 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 291 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 291 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 291 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 291 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 1 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 6 393–401 393–401 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 292 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 293 1 doi:10.1080/00223980.1940.9917707 doi:10.1080/00223980.1940.9917707 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 293 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 1 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 5 aptly aptly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 6 denoting denote VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 8 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 10 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 11 well well UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 12 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 17 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 19 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 20 enduring enduring JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 22 pleasantly pleasantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 23 toned tone VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 24 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 26 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 27 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 28 significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 29 derives derive VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 30 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 32 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 33 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 35 semi semi JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 36 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 37 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 38 attitude attitude NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 40 considerable considerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 41 determining determine VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 42 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 294 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 2 Keats Keats NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 3 AS as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 5 Beecher Beecher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 6 HK HK NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 8 1952 1952 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 295 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 2 Analgesic analgesic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 3 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 5 toxic toxic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 6 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 8 acetylmethadol acetylmethadol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 9 isomers isomer NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 11 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 296 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 4 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 6 Experimental Experimental NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 7 Therapeutics Therapeutics NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 297 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 1 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 6 210–215 210–215 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 298 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 3 0022 0022 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 5 3565 3565 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 299 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 300 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 300 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 300 3 14928223 14928223 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 300 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 6 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 7 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 301 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 302 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 302 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 302 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 302 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 302 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 2 Footnote Footnote NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 5 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 6 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 8 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 9 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 10 hang hang VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 11 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 13 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 15 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 16 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 17 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 19 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 20 enquiry enquiry NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 22 Dr. Dr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 23 Isbell Isbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 24 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 26 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 27 comment comment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 29 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 31 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 32 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 34 1951 1951 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 303 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 1 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 2 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 3 think think VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 7 wise wise JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 9 exercise exercise VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 11 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 12 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 14 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 16 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 17 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 20 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 22 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 304 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 1 We -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 2 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 4 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 7 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 10 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 12 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 13 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 15 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 16 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 17 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 19 administration administration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 21 morphine morphine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 305 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 2 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 3 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 4 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 6 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 8 objective objective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 9 signs sign NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 13 constriction constriction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 16 pupil pupil NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 18 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 21 respiratory respiratory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 22 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 24 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 26 drop drop VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 28 rectal rectal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 29 temperature temperature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 31 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 306 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 1 We -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 2 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 4 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 8 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 11 feeling feel VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 13 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 15 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 19 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 21 something something NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 23 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 25 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 26 utterly utterly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 27 unable unable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 29 evaluate evaluate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 307 31 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 2 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 3 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 4 prefer prefer VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 6 limit limit VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 8 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 12 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 14 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 16 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 18 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 19 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 308 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 1 • • NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 3 Isbell Isbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 4 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 6 Vogel Vogel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 7 VH VH NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 9 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 309 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 3 addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 4 liability liability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 6 methadon methadon NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 8 amidone amidone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 10 dolophine dolophine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 12 10820 10820 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 15 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 16 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 19 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 22 morphine morphine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 23 abstinence abstinence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 24 syndrome syndrome NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 310 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 3 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 5 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 311 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 1 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 6 909–914 909–914 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 312 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 313 1 doi:10.1176 doi:10.1176 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 313 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 313 3 ajp.105.12.909 ajp.105.12.909 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 313 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 314 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 314 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 314 3 0002 0002 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 314 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 314 5 953X. 953x. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 315 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 315 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 315 3 18127077 18127077 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 315 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 1 • • VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 3 Jaffe Jaffe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 4 JH JH NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 6 Jaffe Jaffe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 7 FK FK NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 9 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 316 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 317 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 317 2 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 317 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 1 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 2 Perspectives Perspectives NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 5 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 7 Subjective Subjective NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 8 Effects Effects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 9 Measures Measures NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 11 Assessing assess VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 13 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 14 Potential potential NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 16 Drugs Drugs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 318 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 2 Fischman Fischman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 3 MW MW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 5 Mello Mello NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 6 NK NK NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 319 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 1 Testing test VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 3 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 4 Liability Liability NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 6 Drugs Drugs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 8 Humans Humans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 320 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 1 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 2 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 4 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 5 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 6 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 7 Monograph Monograph NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 8 Series Series NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 321 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 322 1 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 322 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 1 Rockville Rockville NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 3 MD MD NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 5 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 6 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 8 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 9 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 323 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 2 Cahal Cahal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 3 DA DA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 5 1957 1957 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 324 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 2 Analgesic analgesic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 3 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 5 dipipanone dipipanone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 6 hydrochloride hydrochloride NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 8 student student NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 9 volunteers volunteer NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 325 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 4 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 6 Chemotherapy Chemotherapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 326 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 1 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 6 97–99 97–99 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 327 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 3 j.1476 j.1476 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 5 5381.1957.tb01368.x 5381.1957.tb01368.x NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 328 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 3 0366 0366 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 5 0826 0826 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 329 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 330 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 330 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 330 3 1509651 1509651 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 330 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 331 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 331 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 331 3 13413158 13413158 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 331 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 1 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 2 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 6 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 8 regarded regard VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 10 undesirable undesirable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 332 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 1 Drowsiness Drowsiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 3 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 5 sleep sleep NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 8 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 9 detachment detachment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 11 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 13 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 15 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 16 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 18 enhance enhance VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 20 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 23 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 24 analgesic analgesic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 333 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 2 Leigh Leigh NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 3 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 5 Pare Pare NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 6 CM CM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 8 Marks Marks NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 9 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 11 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 334 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 2 Concise Concise NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 3 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 5 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 335 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 336 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 337 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 337 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 337 3 152 152 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 337 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 3 9789401159135 9789401159135 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 4 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 5 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 6 Google Google NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 7 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 338 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 2 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 4 contentment contentment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 6 wellbeing wellbeing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 339 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 1 Euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 3 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 4 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 5 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 8 pathological pathological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 9 connotation connotation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 12 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 14 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 15 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 16 sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 18 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 19 cerebral cerebral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 20 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 340 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 2 differs differ VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 4 elation elation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 6 subtle subtle JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 7 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 8 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 9 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 341 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 3 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 4 infectious infectious JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 5 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 7 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 8 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 10 gaiety gaiety NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 14 bland bland JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 15 contentment contentment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 17 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 19 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 21 awareness awareness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 23 inability inability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 25 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 26 sadness sadness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 28 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 29 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 30 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 32 anything anything NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 33 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 342 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 2 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 4 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 6 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 7 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 8 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 9 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 10 cerebral cerebral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 11 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 13 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 14 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 16 frontal frontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 17 lobes lobe NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 19 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 343 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 2 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 3 sooner soon RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 5 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 7 senile senile JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 9 arteriosclerotic arteriosclerotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 10 dementias dementias NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 12 q.v q.v NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 344 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 4 disseminated disseminate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 5 sclerosis sclerosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 8 Huntington Huntington NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 9 ’s ’s POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 10 chorea chorea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 12 q.v q.v NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 345 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 1 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 4 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 7 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 8 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 9 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 11 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 13 fashioned fashioned JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 14 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 16 leucotomy leucotomy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 18 q.v q.v NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 346 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 1 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 3 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 4 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 6 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 8 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 10 q.v q.v NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 347 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 3 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 5 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 348 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 349 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 349 2 Dictionaries Dictionaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 349 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 6 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 7 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 350 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 3 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 7 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 9 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 11 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 12 excitement excitement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 14 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 15   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 16 • • VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 19 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 21 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 351 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 352 1 Dictionary.com Dictionary.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 352 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 6 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 7 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 353 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 3 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 7 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 9 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 10 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 12 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 14 confidence confidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 15             _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 17 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 20 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 22 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 24 confidence confidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 27 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 29 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 30 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 31 exaggerated exaggerate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 33 pathological pathological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 34 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 36 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 37   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 38 • • VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 39   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 40 Sadock Sadock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 41 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 43 Sadock Sadock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 44 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 46 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 354 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 1 Kaplan Kaplan NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 3 Sadock Sadock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 5 Comprehensive Comprehensive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 6 Textbook Textbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 8 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 10 9th 9th NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 11 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 355 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 356 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 356 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 357 1 411–412 411–412 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 357 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 357 3 923 923 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 357 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 1 Refers refer NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 4 persistent persistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 6 unrealistic unrealistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 7 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 9 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 11 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 13 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 15 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 16 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 18 motor motor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 19 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 21 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 358 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 1 Exaggerated exaggerated JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 2 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 4 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 6 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 9 inappropriate inappropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 11 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 12 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 359 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 1 Can Can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 2 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 4 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 7 opiates opiate NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 9 amphetamines amphetamine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 12 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 360 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 1 • • NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 3 Mosby Mosby NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 5 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 6 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 8 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 9 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 361 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 362 1 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 362 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 6 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 7 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 8 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 363 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 364 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 364 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 364 3 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 364 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 364 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 4 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 6 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 8 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 10 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 12 elation elation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 365 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 4 exaggerated exaggerated JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 6 abnormal abnormal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 7 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 9 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 11 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 12 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 14 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 16 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 18 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 20 truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 22 disproportionate disproportionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 24 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 25 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 28 inappropriate inappropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 31 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 34 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 35 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 38 manic manic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 39 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 41 bipolar bipolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 42 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 44 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 45 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 47 schizophrenia schizophrenia NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 49 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 50 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 51 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 54 toxic toxic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 56 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 57 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 58 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 59 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 60 ^ ^ : en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 61 Schultz Schultz NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 62 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 64 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 366 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 2 Neuronal neuronal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 3 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 5 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 6 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 9 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 11 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 367 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 368 1 Physiological Physiological NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 368 2 Reviews Reviews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 368 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 1 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 6 853–951 853–951 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 369 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 370 1 doi:10.1152 doi:10.1152 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 370 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 370 3 physrev.00023.2014 physrev.00023.2014 NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 370 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 371 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 371 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 371 3 4491543 4491543 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 371 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 372 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 372 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 372 3 26109341 26109341 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 372 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 2 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 4 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 7 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 9 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 10 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 11 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 12 running running NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 14 swimming swimming NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 17 lust lust NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 18 evoked evoke VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 20 encountering encounter VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 22 ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 23 mating mating NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 24 partner partner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 27 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 28 orgasm orgasm NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 31 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 32 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 33 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 34 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 35 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 39 parental parental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 40 affection affection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 41 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 42 babies baby NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 43 constitute constitute VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 44 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 45 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 47 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 49 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 50 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 51 degrees degree NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 53 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 55 quantities quantity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 373 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 4 Szabo Szabo NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 5 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 7 Billett Billett NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 8 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 10 Turner Turner NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 11 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 13 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 374 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 2 Phenylethylamine Phenylethylamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 5 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 6 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 9 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 10 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 12 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 13 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 375 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 376 1 Br br IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 376 2 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 376 3 Sports Sports NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 376 4 Med Med NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 376 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 1 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 6 342–343 342–343 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 377 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 378 1 doi:10.1136 doi:10.1136 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 378 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 378 3 bjsm.35.5.342 bjsm.35.5.342 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 378 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 379 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 379 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 379 3 1724404 1724404 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 379 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 380 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 380 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 380 3 11579070 11579070 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 380 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 3 hour hour NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 4 mean mean NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 5 urinary urinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 6 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 8 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 9 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 11 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 13 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 14 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 15 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 16 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 381 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 382 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 2 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 3 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 4 substantial substantial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 5 increases increase NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 7 urinary urinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 8 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 9 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 10 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 11 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 12 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 13 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 14 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 16 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 17 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 18 aerobic aerobic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 19 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 383 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 2 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 3 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 4 reflects reflect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 5 phenylethylamine phenylethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 6 levels3 levels3 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 10 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 11 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 12 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 13 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 16 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 17 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 19 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 20 appear appear VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 23 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 25 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 26 phenylethylamine phenylethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 27 concentrations concentration NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 384 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 1 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 3 considering consider VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 5 structural structural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 7 pharmacological pharmacological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 8 analogy analogy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 10 amphetamines amphetamine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 12 phenylethylamine phenylethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 16 conceivable conceivable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 17 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 18 phenylethylamine phenylethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 19 plays play VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 21 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 24 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 25 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 27 runners runner NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 28 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 30 thought thought NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 32 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 33 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 35 cerebral cerebral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 36 β β NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 38 endorphin endorphin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 39 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 385 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 2 substantial substantial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 3 increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 5 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 6 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 7 excretion excretion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 10 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 11 implies imply VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 13 phenylethylamine phenylethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 14 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 15 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 16 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 18 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 386 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 3 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 4 minute minute NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 5 bout bout NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 7 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 9 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 10 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 11 aerobic aerobic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 12 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 13 increases increase VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 14 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 15 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 16 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 18 healthy healthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 19 regularly regularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 20 exercising exercise VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 21 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 387 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 2 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 5 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 8 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 9 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 11 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 388 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 1 ^ ^ XX en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 2 Tantimonaco Tantimonaco NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 3 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 5 Ceci Ceci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 6 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 8 Sabatini Sabatini NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 9 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 11 Catani Catani NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 12 MV MV NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 14 Rossi Rossi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 15 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 17 Gasperi Gasperi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 18 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 20 Maccarrone Maccarrone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 21 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 23 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 389 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 2 Physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 3 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 6 endocannabinoid endocannabinoid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 10 overview overview NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 390 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 391 1 Cell cell NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 391 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 392 1 Mol Mol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 392 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 393 1 Life Life NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 393 2 Sci Sci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 393 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 1 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 3 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 6 2681–2698 2681–2698 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 394 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 3 s00018 s00018 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 5 014 014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 7 1575 1575 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 9 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 395 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 396 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 396 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 396 3 24526057 24526057 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 396 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 397 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 397 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 397 3 14531019 14531019 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 397 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 2 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 3 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 5 PA pa NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 6 engages engage VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 8 monoaminergic monoaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 10 endorphinergic endorphinergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 11 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 14 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 17 discovery discovery NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 20 endocannabinoid endocannabinoid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 21 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 23 ECS ECS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 26 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 28 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 29 lipids lipid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 32 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 33 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 36 metabolic metabolic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 37 enzymes enzyme NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 398 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 1 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 3 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 5 indirect indirect JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 6 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 7 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 10 ECS ECS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 11 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 12 mediate mediate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 13 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 16 PA pa NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 18 triggered trigger VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 19 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 20 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 22 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 399 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 3 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 5 PA PA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 6 induces induce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 10 psychotropic psychotropic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 11 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 12 elicited elicit VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 15 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 16 sativa sativa VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 17 active active JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 18 ingredient ingredient NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 19 Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 21 Δ9-THC Δ9-THC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 23 Fig Fig NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 400 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 4 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 5 bliss bliss NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 7 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 10 peacefulness peacefulness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 12 strengthened strengthen VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 14 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 16 endocannabinoids endocannabinoid VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 18 eCBs ecbs NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 20 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 21 mediate mediate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 24 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 26 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 29 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 31 peripheral peripheral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 32 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 34 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 35 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 36 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 401 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 2 To to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 3 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 4 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 8 experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 9 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 10 aimed aim VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 12 investigating investigate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 14 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 16 PA PA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 18 ECS ECS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 20 humans human NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 22 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 23 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 25 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 27 Sparling sparling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 29 coworkers coworker NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 30 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 31 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 34 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 35 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 36 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 37 plasma plasma NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 38 AEA AEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 39 content content NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 40 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 41 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 42 min min NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 44 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 45 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 46 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 47 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 48 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 49 treadmill treadmill NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 50 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 51 cycle cycle NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 52 ergometer ergometer NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 402 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 2 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 5 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 6 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 8 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 9 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 10 blood blood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 11 concentrations concentration NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 13 AEA AEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 15 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 16 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 17 dependence dependence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 20 increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 22 AEA AEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 23 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 25 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 26 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 27 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 28 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 29 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 30 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 403 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 1 Plasma plasma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 2 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 4 AEA AEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 5 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 6 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 7 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 8 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 9 min min NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 11 moderate moderate JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 12 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 14 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 15 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 17 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 19 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 20   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 21 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 26 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 27 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 29 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 30 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 31 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 32 intensities intensity NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 34 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 36 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 38 adjusted adjust VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 39 maximal maximal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 40 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 41 rate rate NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 42 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 43 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 45 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 46   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 47 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 49 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 50   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 51 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 52 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 53 experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 54 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 55 support support VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 57 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 58 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 59 ECS ECS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 60 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 62 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 63 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 64 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 65 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 67 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 68 PA pa NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 69 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 70 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 71 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 72 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 74 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 75 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 76 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 77 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 78 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 79 CB1 cb1 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 80 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 81 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 82 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 83 abundant abundant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 84 GPCR GPCR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 85 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 86 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 87 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 88 participating participate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 89 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 90 neuronal neuronal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 91 plasticity plasticity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 92 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 93 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 94 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 95 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 96 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 97 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 98 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 99 eCBs eCBs , en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 100 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 101 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 102 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 103 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 104 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 105 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 106 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 107 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 108 overlap overlap VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 109 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 110 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 111 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 112 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 113 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 114 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 115 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 116 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 117 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 118 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 119 eCBs eCBs . en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 120 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 121 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 122 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 123 cross cross VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 124 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 125 blood blood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 126 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 127 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 128 barrier barrier NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 129 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 130 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 131 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 132 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 133 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 134 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 135 4 4 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 136 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 137 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 138 increases increase NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 139 eCB ecb IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 140 plasma plasma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 141 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 142 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 143 64–67 64–67 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 144 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 404 145 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 2 Dinas Dinas NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 3 PC PC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 5 Koutedakis Koutedakis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 6 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 8 Flouris Flouris NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 9 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 11 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 405 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 2 Effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 4 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 6 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 7 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 9 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 406 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 407 1 Ir Ir NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 407 2 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 407 3 Med Med NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 407 4 Sci Sci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 407 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 1 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 6 319–325 319–325 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 408 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 3 s11845 s11845 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 5 010 010 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 7 0633 0633 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 409 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 410 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 410 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 410 3 21076975 21076975 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 410 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 411 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 411 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 411 3 40951545 40951545 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 411 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 4 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 5 endorphins endorphin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 9 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 10 augments augment VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 12 secretion secretion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 14 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 15 opioid opioid JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 16 peptides peptide NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 19 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 21 reducing reduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 22 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 24 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 25 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 26 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 412 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 2 Based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 3 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 5 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 6 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 7 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 10 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 11 confirmed confirm VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 13 endorphins endorphin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 14 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 15 demonstrating demonstrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 16 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 17 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 18 leads lead VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 21 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 22 secretion secretion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 24 endorphins endorphin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 28 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 30 improved improved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 31 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 32 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 413 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 1 β β LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 2 - - : en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 3 Endorphin Endorphin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 6 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 7 μ μ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 9 opioid opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 10 receptor receptor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 11 selective selective NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 12 ligand ligand NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 15 received receive VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 16 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 17 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 20 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 21 linking linking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 22 endorphins endorphin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 24 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 26 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 27 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 414 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 2 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 4 sufficient sufficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 5 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 7 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 8 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 9 increase increase VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 10 circulating circulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 11 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 13 endorphin endorphin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 14 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 415 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 416 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 4 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 5 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 7 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 8 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 10 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 11 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 12 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 13 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 15 endorphin endorphin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 16 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 18 plasma plasma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 20 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 21 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 23 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 417 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 2 researchers researcher NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 3 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 6 independently independently RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 8 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 10 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 12 dynamic dynamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 13 anaerobic anaerobic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 14 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 15 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 16 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 18 endorphin endorphin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 20 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 21 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 23 aerobic aerobic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 24 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 25 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 27 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 28 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 29 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 30 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 32 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 34 endorphins endorphin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 418 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 419 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 2 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 3 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 5 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 6 tends tend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 9 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 12 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 14 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 15 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 16 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 17 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 19 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 20 daily daily JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 21 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 23 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 24 overall overall RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 25 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 26 strongly strongly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 27 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 29 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 30 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 420 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 2 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 5 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 8 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 9 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 10 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 12 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 13 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 14 improved improve VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 15 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 16 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 18 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 19 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 20 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 22 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 23 exercisers exerciser NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 25 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 26 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 28 marathon marathon JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 29 runners runner NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 421 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 1 More more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 2 importantly importantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 7 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 9 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 11 twofold twofold JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 13 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 14 exercisers exerciser NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 16 marathon marathon NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 17 runners runner NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 422 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 2 Lindemann Lindemann NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 3 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 5 Hoener Hoener NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 6 MC MC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 8 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 423 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 3 renaissance renaissance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 5 trace trace NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 6 amines amine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 7 inspired inspire VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 10 novel novel JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 11 GPCR GPCR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 12 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 424 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 425 1 Trends Trends NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 425 2 Pharmacol Pharmacol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 425 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 426 1 Sci Sci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 426 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 1 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 6 274–281 274–281 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 427 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 428 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 428 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 428 3 j.tips.2005.03.007 j.tips.2005.03.007 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 428 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 429 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 429 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 429 3 15860375 15860375 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 429 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 2 pharmacology pharmacology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 4 TAs ta NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 5 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 7 contribute contribute VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 10 molecular molecular JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 11 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 14 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 16 recognized recognize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 17 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 18 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 20 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 21 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 22 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 23 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 430 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 5 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 6 beneficial beneficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 7 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 9 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 10 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 11 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 12 attributed attribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 15 upregulation upregulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 17 peptide peptide JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 18 growth growth NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 19 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 20 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 21 52,53 52,53 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 24 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 25 induces induce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 27 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 28 enhanced enhance VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 29 excretion excretion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 32 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 33 β β NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 35 PEA PEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 36 metabolite metabolite JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 37 β β NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 39 phenylacetic phenylacetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 40 acid acid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 42 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 44 PAA PAA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 46 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 47 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 48 average average JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 49 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 50 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 52 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 53 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 54 resting rest VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 55 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 56 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 57 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 58 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 59 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 61 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 62 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 63 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 64 β β NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 65 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 66 PEA PEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 67 synthesis synthesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 68 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 69 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 70 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 71 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 72 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 73 endogenous endogenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 74 pool pool NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 75 half half JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 76 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 77 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 78 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 79 ~30 ~30 . en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 80 s s NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 81 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 82 18,55 18,55 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 83 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 431 84 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 2 Berry Berry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 3 MD MD NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 432 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 3 potential potential NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 5 trace trace NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 6 amines amine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 8 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 9 receptors receptor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 11 treating treat VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 12 neurological neurological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 14 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 15 diseases disease NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 433 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 434 1 Rev Rev NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 434 2 Recent Recent NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 434 3 Clin Clin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 434 4 Trials Trials NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 434 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 1 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 6 3–19 3–19 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 435 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 1 CiteSeerX CiteSeerX NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 3 10.1.1.329.563 10.1.1.329.563 VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 5 doi:10.2174/157488707779318107 doi:10.2174/157488707779318107 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 436 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 437 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 437 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 437 3 18473983 18473983 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 437 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 5 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 8 antidepressant antidepressant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 9 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 11 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 13 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 16 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 18 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 19 elevation elevation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 22 phenethylamine phenethylamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 24 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 25 151 151 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 438 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 4 Salimpoor Salimpoor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 5 VN VN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 7 Benovoy Benovoy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 8 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 10 Larcher Larcher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 11 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 13 Dagher Dagher NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 14 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 16 Zatorre Zatorre NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 17 RJ RJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 19 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 439 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 2 Anatomically anatomically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 3 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 4 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 5 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 6 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 7 anticipation anticipation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 9 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 11 peak peak NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 12 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 14 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 440 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 441 1 Nat Nat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 441 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 442 1 Neurosci Neurosci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 442 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 1 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 6 257–262 257–262 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 443 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 444 1 doi:10.1038 doi:10.1038 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 444 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 444 3 nn.2726 nn.2726 NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 444 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 445 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 445 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 445 3 21217764 21217764 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 445 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 446 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 446 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 446 3 205433454 205433454 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 446 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 1 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 4 abstract abstract JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 5 stimulus stimulus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 8 arouse arouse VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 9 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 11 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 13 craving craving NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 15 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 17 tangible tangible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 18 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 20 involve involve VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 22 striatal striatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 23 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 24 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 447 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 3 caudate caudate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 6 involved involved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 7 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 9 anticipation anticipation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 12 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 13 accumbens accumben NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 16 involved involved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 17 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 19 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 21 peak peak JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 22 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 23 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 25 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 448 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 449 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 1 Notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 4 anticipation anticipation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 7 abstract abstract JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 8 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 9 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 10 result result VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 12 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 13 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 16 anatomical anatomical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 17 pathway pathway NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 18 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 20 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 21 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 24 peak peak NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 25 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 26 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 450 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 5 Mavridis Mavridis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 6 IN IN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 8 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 9 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 451 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 2 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 5 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 6 accumbens accumben VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 452 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 453 1 Surg Surg NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 453 2 Radiol Radiol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 453 3 Anat Anat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 453 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 1 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 6 121–125 121–125 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 454 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 3 s00276 s00276 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 5 014 014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 7 1360 1360 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 9 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 455 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 456 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 456 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 456 3 25102783 25102783 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 456 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 457 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 457 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 457 3 25768771 25768771 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 457 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 2 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 3 connectivity connectivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 5 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 6 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 7 mediating mediate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 8 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 10 autonomic autonomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 12 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 13 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 14 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 15 insight insight NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 17 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 18 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 19 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 21 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 26 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 27 rewarding rewarding JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 29 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 30 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 31 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 458 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 1 Musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 2 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 4 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 5 increase increase VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 6 extracellular extracellular NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 7 DA DA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 8 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 11 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 459 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 1 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 2 DA DA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 4 serotonin serotonin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 6 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 7 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 8 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 10 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 11 exposed expose VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 13 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 460 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 1 Finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 3 passive passive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 4 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 6 unfamiliar unfamiliar VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 7 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 8 liked like VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 9 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 10 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 11 activations activation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 14 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 461 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 2 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 4 arouse arouse VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 5 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 7 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 9 craving craving NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 11 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 13 tangible tangible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 14 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 16 involve involve VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 18 striatal striatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 19 DAergic daergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 20 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 22 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 462 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 1 Reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 2 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 4 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 7 coded code VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 9 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 10 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 13 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 15 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 16 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 17 connectivity connectivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 19 auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 21 frontal frontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 22 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 23 increases increase VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 26 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 28 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 29 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 30 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 32 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 463 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 464 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 1 Listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 3 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 4 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 5 induces induce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 7 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 8 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 10 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 11 activation activation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 14 VTA vta NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 16 mediated mediate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 17 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 20 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 23 hypothalamus hypothalamus NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 25 insula insula NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 27 orbitofrontal orbitofrontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 28 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 30 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 465 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 1 Conclusions Conclusions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 2 Listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 4 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 5 strongly strongly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 6 modulates modulate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 7 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 10 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 12 mesolimbic mesolimbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 13 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 14 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 16 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 17 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 18 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 20 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 466 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 1 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 3 acting act VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 6 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 7 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 8 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 10 increases increase VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 11 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 12 DAergic daergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 13 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 467 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 1 Specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 3 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 5 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 6 involved involved JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 7 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 9 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 11 peak peak JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 12 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 13 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 15 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 468 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 1 Reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 2 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 4 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 7 predicted predict VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 9 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 10 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 11 connectivity connectivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 13 auditory auditory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 14 cortices cortex NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 16 amygdala amygdala NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 18 ventromedial ventromedial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 19 prefrontal prefrontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 20 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 23 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 469 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 2 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 4 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 6 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 7 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 8 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 11 NA NA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 12 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 15 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 17 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 19 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 20 lives life NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 470 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 5 Zatorre Zatorre NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 6 RJ RJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 8 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 9 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 471 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 2 Musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 3 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 5 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 7 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 9 dysfunction dysfunction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 472 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 473 1 Ann Ann NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 473 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 474 1 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 474 2 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 474 3 Acad Acad NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 474 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 475 1 Sci Sci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 475 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 1 1337 1337 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 6 202–211 202–211 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 476 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 477 1 Bibcode:2015NYASA1337 Bibcode:2015NYASA1337 NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 477 2 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 477 3 202Z. 202z. CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 478 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 478 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 478 3 nyas.12677 nyas.12677 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 478 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 479 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 479 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 479 3 25773636 25773636 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 479 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 480 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 480 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 480 3 22212386 22212386 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 480 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 2 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 3 derive derive VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 4 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 6 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 481 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 1 Neuroimaging neuroimage VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 2 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 3 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 6 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 7 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 10 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 11 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 13 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 16 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 482 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 1 Specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 4 dorsal dorsal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 6 ventral ventral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 7 striatum striatum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 8 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 9 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 10 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 11 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 13 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 14 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 17 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 19 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 20 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 21 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 22 codes code VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 24 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 25 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 27 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 28 excerpts excerpt NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 483 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 4 striatum striatum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 5 interacts interact VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 7 cortical cortical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 8 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 9 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 11 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 13 valuation valuation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 15 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 16 stimuli stimulus NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 484 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 1 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 2 Development development NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 5 questionnaire questionnaire NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 7 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 8 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 9 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 10 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 11 allowed allow VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 13 identification identification NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 15 separable separable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 16 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 17 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 19 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 20 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 22 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 24 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 26 seeking seeking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 28 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 30 evocation evocation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 32 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 33 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 35 sensorimotor sensorimotor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 38 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 39 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 485 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 1 Applying apply VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 3 questionnaire questionnaire NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 6 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 7 sample sample NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 8 uncovered uncover VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 9 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 10 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 11 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 14 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 16 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 17 sensitivity sensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 19 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 20 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 23 absence absence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 25 generalized generalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 26 anhedonia anhedonia NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 28 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 486 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 2 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 5 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 6 revealed reveal VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 8 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 10 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 11 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 12 respond respond VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 13 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 14 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 15 behaviorally behaviorally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 17 psychophysiologically psychophysiologically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 19 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 20 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 21 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 22 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 24 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 26 monetary monetary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 27 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 30 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 32 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 33 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 34 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 35 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 36 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 37 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 38 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 39 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 40 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 42 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 43 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 45 identify identify VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 46 intended intended JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 47 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 49 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 50 passages passage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 487 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 4 Ferreri Ferreri NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 5 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 7 Mas Mas NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 9 Herrero Herrero NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 10 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 12 Zatorre Zatorre NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 13 RJ RJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 15 Ripollés Ripollés NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 16 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 18 Gomez Gomez NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 20 Andres Andres NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 21 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 23 Alicart Alicart NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 24 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 26 Olivé Olivé NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 27 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 29 Marco Marco NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 31 Pallarés Pallarés NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 32 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 34 Antonijoan Antonijoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 35 RM RM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 37 Valle Valle NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 38 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 40 Riba Riba NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 41 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 43 Rodriguez Rodriguez NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 45 Fornells fornell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 46 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 48 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 49 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 488 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 2 Dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 3 modulates modulate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 5 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 6 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 7 elicited elicit VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 9 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 489 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 4 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 5 Academy Academy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 7 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 10 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 11 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 13 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 490 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 1 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 6 3793–3798 3793–3798 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 491 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 492 1 doi:10.1073 doi:10.1073 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 492 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 492 3 pnas.1811878116 pnas.1811878116 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 492 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 493 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 493 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 493 3 6397525 6397525 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 493 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 494 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 494 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 494 3 30670642 30670642 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 494 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 1 Lay Lay NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 2 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 3 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 4 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 5 News News NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 7 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 8 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 9 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 495 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 1 Listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 2 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 3 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 4 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 6 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 7 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 9 measurable measurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 10 bodily bodily JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 11 reactions reaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 14 goose goose JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 15 bumps bump NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 17 shivers shiver NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 18 down down IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 20 spine spine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 22 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 23 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 24 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 25 chills chill NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 26 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 28 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 29 frissons frisson NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 31 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 32   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 496 33 ... ... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 1 Overall overall RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 3 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 4 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 5 straightforwardly straightforwardly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 6 revealed reveal VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 8 pharmacological pharmacological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 9 interventions intervention NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 10 bidirectionally bidirectionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 11 modulated modulate VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 13 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 14 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 15 elicited elicit VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 17 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 497 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 4 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 5 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 7 risperidone risperidone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 8 impaired impair VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 9 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 10 ’ ’ POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 11 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 13 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 14 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 15 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 17 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 18 levodopa levodopa NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 19 enhanced enhance VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 498 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 499 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 1 Here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 4 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 6 studying study VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 7 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 9 abstract abstract JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 10 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 12 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 13 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 15 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 16 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 17 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 18 manipulation manipulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 20 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 21 transmission transmission NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 22 affects affect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 23 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 25 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 27 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 29 amount amount NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 31 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 32 reporting reporting NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 33 chills chill NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 35 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 36 arousal arousal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 37 measured measure VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 38 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 39 EDA EDA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 43 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 44 components component NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 46 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 47 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 49 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 50 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 51 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 52 spend spend VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 500 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 2 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 3 suggest suggest VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 5 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 6 signaling signaling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 9 sine sine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 10 qua qua NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 11 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 12 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 14 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 16 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 17 responses response NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 20 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 21 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 22 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 24 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 26 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 27 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 30 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 32 hedonic hedonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 33 reactions reaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 35 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 501 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 2 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 3 supports support VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 4 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 5 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 6 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 7 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 8 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 10 mediates mediate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 12 perceived perceived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 13 pleasantness pleasantness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 14 attained attain VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 16 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 17 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 19 abstract abstract JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 20 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 22 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 25 challenges challenge VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 26 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 27 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 29 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 30 models model NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 32 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 33 rewards reward NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 35 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 37 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 39 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 41 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 502 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 4 Goupil Goupil NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 5 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 7 Aucouturier Aucouturier NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 8 JJ JJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 10 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 11 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 503 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 2 Musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 3 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 5 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 6 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 504 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 4 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 5 Academy Academy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 7 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 10 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 11 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 13 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 505 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 1 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 6 3364–3366 3364–3366 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 506 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 507 1 doi:10.1073 doi:10.1073 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 507 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 507 3 pnas.1900369116 pnas.1900369116 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 507 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 508 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 508 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 508 3 6397567 6397567 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 508 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 509 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 509 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 509 3 30770455 30770455 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 509 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 3 pharmacological pharmacological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 4 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 5 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 7 PNAS PNAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 9 Ferreri Ferreri NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 10 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 11 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 510 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 4 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 5 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 7 enhancing enhance VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 9 inhibiting inhibit VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 10 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 11 signaling signaling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 12 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 13 levodopa levodopa NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 15 risperidone risperidone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 16 modulates modulate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 18 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 19 experienced experience VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 20 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 21 listening listen VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 23 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 511 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 512 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 4 salvo salvo NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 6 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 8 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 10 correlational correlational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 14 causal causal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 15 implication implication NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 17 dopamine dopamine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 19 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 20 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 23 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 25 turned turn VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 27 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 28 manipulating manipulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 29 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 30 signaling signaling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 33 striatum striatum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 35 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 37 applying apply VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 38 excitatory excitatory NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 40 inhibitory inhibitory NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 41 transcranial transcranial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 42 magnetic magnetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 43 stimulation stimulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 44 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 45 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 46 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 47 ’ ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 48 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 49 dorsolateral dorsolateral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 50 prefrontal prefrontal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 51 cortex cortex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 53 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 54 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 55 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 56 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 57 modulate modulate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 58 striatal striatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 59 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 61 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 65 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 67 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 68 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 69 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 70 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 72 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 73 administrating administrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 74 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 75 agents agent NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 76 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 77 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 78 alter alter VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 79 dopamine dopamine VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 80 synaptic synaptic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 81 availability availability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 82 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 83 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 84 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 86 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 87 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 88 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 89 influenced influence VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 90 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 91 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 93 physiological physiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 94 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 95 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 96 arousal arousal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 97 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 98 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 99 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 100 monetary monetary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 101 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 102 assigned assign VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 103 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 104 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 105 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 106 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 107 predicted predict VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 108 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 513 109 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 514 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 3 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 6 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 7 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 9 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 10 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 13 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 15 investigation investigation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 17 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 19 PNAS PNAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 21 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 26 1990s 1990s CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 27 psychophysiological psychophysiological NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 28 strand strand NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 30 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 31 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 32 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 33 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 34 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 35 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 36 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 37 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 38 activate activate VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 40 autonomic autonomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 41 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 42 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 44 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 48 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 49 ’ ’ POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 50 demonstration demonstration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 53 implication implication NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 56 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 57 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 58 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 59 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 60 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 61 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 62 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 63 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 64 inaugural inaugural JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 65 proof proof NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 66 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 67 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 68 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 69 veridical veridical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 70 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 71 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 72 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 73 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 74 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 75 legitimacy legitimacy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 76 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 77 inform inform VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 78 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 79 neurobiology neurobiology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 80 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 81 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 82 everyday everyday JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 83 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 85 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 87 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 88 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 89 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 90 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 91 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 515 92 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 1 Incidentally incidentally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 4 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 6 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 8 culminating culminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 11 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 13 Ferreri Ferreri NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 14 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 15 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 516 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 6 plausibly plausibly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 7 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 8 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 10 attract attract VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 11 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 12 funding funding NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 15 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 17 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 18 sciences science NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 19 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 21 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 24 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 517 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 2 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 4 Ferreri Ferreri NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 5 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 6 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 518 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 4 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 6 latest late JJS en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 7 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 10 compelling compelling JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 11 neurobiological neurobiological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 12 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 15 musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 16 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 17 arises arise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 20 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 22 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 23 reward reward NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 24 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 25 valuation valuation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 26 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 28 striatal striatal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 29 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 30 limbic limbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 31 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 32 paralimbic paralimbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 34 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 35 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 36 phylogenetically phylogenetically RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 37 advanced advanced JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 38 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 39 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 40 predictions prediction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 41 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 43 temporofrontal temporofrontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 519 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 2 Goldstein Goldstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 5 Hansteen Hansteen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 6 RW RW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 8 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 520 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 2 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 3 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 4 involvement involvement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 6 endorphins endorphin NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 8 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 9 arousal arousal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 11 orgasm orgasm NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 13 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 521 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 522 1 Archives archive NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 522 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 522 3 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 522 4 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 522 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 1 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 6 1179–1180 1179–1180 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 523 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 524 1 doi:10.1001 doi:10.1001 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 524 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 524 3 archpsyc.1977.01770220061006 archpsyc.1977.01770220061006 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 524 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 525 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 525 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 525 3 199128 199128 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 525 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 3 Methamphetamine Methamphetamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 4 | | NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 5 InfoFacts InfoFacts NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 6 | | NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 8 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 9 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 11 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 12 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 14 NIDA NIDA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 526 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 6 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 7 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 8 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 527 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 528 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 528 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 528 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 528 4 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 528 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 3 Merrian Merrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 5 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 6 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 529 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 6 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 7 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 530 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 531 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 531 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 531 3 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 531 4 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 531 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 532 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 532 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 532 3 euphoriant euphoriant NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 532 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 532 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 533 1 Memidex Memidex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 533 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 533 3 WordNet WordNet NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 533 4 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 533 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 6 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 7 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 8 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 534 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 535 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 535 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 535 3 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 535 4 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 535 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 2 https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/past-findings/the-net-pleasure-index-results/ https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/past-findings/the-net-pleasure-index-results/ ADD en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 3 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 4 Cox Cox NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 5 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 7 Ullah Ullah NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 8 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 10 Zoellner Zoellner NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 11 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 13 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 536 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 2 Oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 4 Systemic Systemic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 5 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 6 Effects Effects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 8 Compulsive Compulsive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 9 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 10 Nut Nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 11 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 537 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 2 Preedy Preedy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 3 VR VR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 538 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 1 Neuropathology Neuropathology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 3 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 4 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 6 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 7 Misuse Misuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 8 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 11 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 12 Processes Processes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 14 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 16 Prescription Prescription NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 17 Medications Medications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 19 Caffeine Caffeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 21 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 23 Polydrug Polydrug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 24 Misuse Misuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 26 Emerging Emerging NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 27 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 29 Non Non NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 30 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 31 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 32 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 539 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 540 1 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 540 2 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 540 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 541 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 541 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 541 3 791 791 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 541 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 542 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 542 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 542 3 9780128006771 9780128006771 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 542 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 2 areca areca JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 3 nut nut NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 6 fourth fourth RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 7 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 8 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 9 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 10 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 11 nicotine nicotine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 13 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 16 caffeine caffeine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 543 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 2 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 4 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 6 pleasurable pleasurable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 8 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 9 stimulating stimulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 11 inducing induce VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 13 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 17 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 19 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 21 heightened heighten VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 22 alertness alertness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 25 warm warm JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 26 sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 27 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 29 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 32 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 33 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 34 capacity capacity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 36 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 544 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 4 Garg Garg NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 5 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 7 Chaturvedi Chaturvedi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 8 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 10 Gupta Gupta NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 11 PC pc NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 13 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 14 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 545 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 3 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 6 systemic systemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 7 adverse adverse JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 8 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 10 areca areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 11 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 13 betel betel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 14 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 546 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 1 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 4 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 6 Paediatric Paediatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 7 Oncology Oncology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 547 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 1 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 6 3–9 3–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 548 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 549 1 doi:10.4103/0971 doi:10.4103/0971 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 549 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 549 3 5851.133702 5851.133702 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 549 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 550 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 550 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 550 3 4080659 4080659 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 550 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 551 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 551 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 551 3 25006276 25006276 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 551 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 6 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 7 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 8 consumed consume VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 9 addictive addictive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 10 substances substance NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 13 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 14 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 15 nicotine nicotine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 17 ethanol ethanol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 19 caffeine caffeine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 23 consumed consume VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 25 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 26 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 27 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 30 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 31 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 32 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 552 33 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 2 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 4 areca areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 5 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 6 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 10 helpful helpful JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 13 digestive digestive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 14 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 16 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 17 mild mild JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 18 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 19 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 553 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 554 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 2 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 3 parasympathetic parasympathetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 5 muscarinic muscarinic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 6 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 8 areca areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 9 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 11 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 13 arecoline arecoline NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 555 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 2 Sharan sharan JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 3 RN RN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 5 Mehrotra Mehrotra NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 6 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 8 Choudhury Choudhury NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 9 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 11 Asotra Asotra NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 12 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 14 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 15 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 556 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 2 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 4 Betel Betel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 5 Nut Nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 7 Carcinogenesis carcinogenesis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 9 Revisit Revisit NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 12 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 13 Perspective Perspective NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 557 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 558 1 PLOS PLOS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 558 2 ONE one CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 558 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 1 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 3 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 5 e42759 e42759 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 559 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 560 1 Bibcode:2012PLoSO bibcode:2012ploso NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 560 2 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 560 3 742759S. 742759s. CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 561 1 doi:10.1371 doi:10.1371 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 561 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 561 3 journal.pone.0042759 journal.pone.0042759 ADD en-wikipedia-org-3158 561 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 3 1932 1932 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 5 6203 6203 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 562 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 563 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 563 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 563 3 3418282 3418282 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 563 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 564 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 564 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 564 3 22912735 22912735 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 564 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 2 Riviere Riviere NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 3 JE JE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 5 Papich Papich NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 6 MG MG NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 8 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 565 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 566 1 Veterinary Veterinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 566 2 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 566 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 566 4 Therapeutics Therapeutics NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 566 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 567 1 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 567 2 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 567 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 567 4 Sons Sons NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 567 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 568 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 568 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 568 3 165 165 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 568 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 569 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 569 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 569 3 9781118685907 9781118685907 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 569 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 1 Pilocarpine pilocarpine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 3 arecoline arecoline NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 5 muscarine muscarine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 7 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 8 selective selective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 9 parasympathetic parasympathetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 10 agents agent NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 12 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 15 cholinomimetic cholinomimetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 16 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 18 exerted exert VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 19 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 21 muscarinic muscarinic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 22 sites site NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 24 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 25 nicotinic nicotinic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 26 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 570 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 2 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 3 YJ YJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 5 Peng Peng NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 6 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 8 Hu Hu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 9 MB MB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 11 Xu Xu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 12 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 14 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 15 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 17 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 18 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 571 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 3 pharmacology pharmacology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 5 toxicology toxicology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 7 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 8 applications application NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 10 arecoline arecoline NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 13 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 572 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 573 1 Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 573 2 Biology Biology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 573 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 1 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 3 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 6 2753–2760 2753–2760 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 574 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 575 1 doi:10.3109/13880209.2016.1160251 doi:10.3109/13880209.2016.1160251 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 575 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 3 1744 1744 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 5 5116 5116 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 576 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 577 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 577 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 577 3 27046150 27046150 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 577 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 2 Peng Peng NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 3 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 5 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 6 YJ YJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 8 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 9 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 11 Sun Sun NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 12 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 14 He He NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 15 XY XY NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 17 Gao Gao NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 18 YX YX NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 20 Wu Wu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 21 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 23 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 24 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 578 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 2 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 3 catechu catechu NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 4 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 6 Arecaceae Arecaceae NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 10 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 13 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 14 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 16 botany botany NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 18 phytochemistry phytochemistry NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 20 pharmacology pharmacology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 22 toxicology toxicology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 579 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 580 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 580 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 580 3 Ethnopharmacology Ethnopharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 580 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 581 1 164 164 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 581 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 581 3 340–56 340–56 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 581 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 582 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 582 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 582 3 j.jep.2015.02.010 j.jep.2015.02.010 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 582 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 3 1872 1872 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 5 7573 7573 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 583 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 584 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 584 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 584 3 25681543 25681543 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 584 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 1 Previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 2 investigations investigation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 3 indicated indicate VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 6 arecaidine arecaidine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 8 guvacine guvacine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 9 isolated isolate VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 12 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 13 catechu catechu NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 15 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 16 antagonists antagonist NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 18 GABA GABA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 21 IC50 IC50 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 22 values value NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 23 122712 122712 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 24 μM μM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 26 871 871 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 27 μM μM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 29 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 31 Johnston Johnston NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 32 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 33 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 34 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 36 1975 1975 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 37 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 38 Lodge Lodge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 39 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 40 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 41 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 43 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 585 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 2 Arif Arif NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 5 Westermeyer Westermeyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 6 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 8 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 586 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 1 Manual Manual NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 3 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 5 Alcohol Alcohol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 6 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 8 Guidelines guideline NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 10 Teaching teaching NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 12 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 14 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 15 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 587 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 4 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 5 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 7 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 8 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 588 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 589 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 589 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 590 1 159–160 159–160 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 590 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 591 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 591 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 591 3 9781461595168 9781461595168 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 591 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 2 Aronson Aronson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 4 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 5 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 7 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 592 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 1 Meyler Meyler NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 3 Side Side NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 4 Effects Effects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 6 Herbal Herbal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 7 Medicines Medicines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 593 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 594 1 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 594 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 595 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 595 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 595 3 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 595 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 596 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 596 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 596 3 9780444532695 9780444532695 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 596 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 2 lime lime NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 5 betel betel NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 6 quid quid NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 7 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 8 areca areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 9 nut nut NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 11 lime lime NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 13 Piper Piper NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 14 betle betle NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 15 leaves leave NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 17 causes cause VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 18 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 20 arecoline arecoline NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 22 arecailide arecailide NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 25 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 26 nervous nervous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 27 stimulant stimulant NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 30 accounts account VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 32 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 35 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 36 oil oil NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 39 betel betel NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 40 pepper pepper NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 42 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 44 eucphoric eucphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 45 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 47 chewing chew VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 48 betel betel NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 49 quid quid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 597 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 2 Gilman Gilman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 3 JM JM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 5 Ramchandani Ramchandani NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 6 VA VA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 8 Davis Davis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 9 MB MB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 11 Bjork Bjork NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 12 JM JM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 14 Hommer Hommer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 15 DW DW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 17 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 598 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 2 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 3 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 4 like like VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 6 drink drink VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 9 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 10 magnetic magnetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 11 resonance resonance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 12 imaging imaging NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 13 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 16 rewarding rewarding JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 18 anxiolytic anxiolytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 19 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 21 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 599 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 600 1 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 600 2 Neurosci Neurosci NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 600 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 1 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 6 4583–4591 4583–4591 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 601 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 1 doi:10.1523 doi:10.1523 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 3 JNEUROSCI.0086 JNEUROSCI.0086 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 5 08.2008 08.2008 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 602 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 603 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 603 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 603 3 2730732 2730732 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 603 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 604 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 604 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 604 3 18448634 18448634 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 604 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 2 Morgan Morgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 3 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 5 Badawy Badawy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 6 AA AA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 8 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 605 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 2 Alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 4 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 5 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 7 exclusion exclusion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 9 serotonin serotonin NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 606 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 607 1 Alcohol Alcohol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 607 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 607 3 Alcoholism Alcoholism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 607 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 6 22–25 22–25 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 608 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 609 1 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 609 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 609 3 alcalc/36.1.22 alcalc/36.1.22 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 609 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 610 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 610 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 610 3 11139411 11139411 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 610 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 2 Busardò Busardò NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 3 FP FP NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 5 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 6 AW AW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 8 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 611 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 2 GHB GHB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 3 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 5 Toxicology Toxicology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 7 Acute Acute NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 8 Intoxication Intoxication NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 10 Concentrations Concentrations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 12 Blood Blood NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 14 Urine Urine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 16 Forensic Forensic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 17 Cases Cases NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 19 Treatment Treatment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 22 Withdrawal Withdrawal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 23 Syndrome Syndrome NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 612 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 613 1 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 613 2 Neuropharmacology Neuropharmacology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 613 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 6 47–70 47–70 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 614 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 615 1 doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210215423 doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210215423 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 615 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 616 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 616 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 616 3 1570 1570 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 616 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 616 5 159X. 159x. CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 617 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 617 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 617 3 4462042 4462042 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 617 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 618 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 618 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 618 3 26074743 26074743 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 618 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 4 Mack Mack NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 5 AH AH NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 7 Brady Brady NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 8 KT KT NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 10 Miller Miller NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 11 SI SI NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 13 Frances Frances NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 14 RJ RJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 16 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 619 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 1 Clinical Clinical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 2 Textbook Textbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 4 Addictive Addictive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 5 Disorders Disorders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 7 Fourth Fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 8 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 620 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 621 1 Guilford Guilford NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 621 2 Publications Publications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 621 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 622 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 622 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 622 3 249 249 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 622 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 623 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 623 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 623 3 9781462521708 9781462521708 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 623 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 2 McCuistion McCuistion NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 3 LE LE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 5 Kee Kee NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 6 JL JL NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 8 Hayes Hayes NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 9 ER ER NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 11 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 624 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 1 Pharmacology pharmacology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 4 Patient Patient NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 6 Centered center VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 7 Nursing Nursing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 8 Process Process NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 9 Approach Approach NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 625 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 626 1 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 626 2 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 626 3 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 626 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 627 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 627 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 627 3 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 627 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 628 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 628 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 628 3 9780323293488 9780323293488 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 628 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 2 Doweiko Doweiko NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 3 HE HE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 5 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 629 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 630 1 Concepts concept NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 630 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 630 3 Chemical Chemical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 630 4 Dependency Dependency NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 630 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 631 1 Cengage cengage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 631 2 Learning Learning NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 631 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 632 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 632 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 632 3 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 632 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 633 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 633 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 633 3 9781285457178 9781285457178 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 633 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 2 Galizio Galizio NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 3 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 5 Maisto Maisto NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 6 SA SA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 8 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 634 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 1 Determinants determinant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 3 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 4 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 6 Biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 8 Psychological Psychological NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 11 Environmental Environmental NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 12 Factors Factors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 635 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 636 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 637 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 637 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 637 3 205 205 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 637 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 638 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 638 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 638 3 9781475799903 9781475799903 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 638 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 2 Psychotropic Psychotropic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 3 Agents Agents NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 5 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 6 III iii CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 8 Alcohol Alcohol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 10 Psychotomimetics Psychotomimetics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 12 Psychotropic Psychotropic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 13 Effects Effects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 15 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 16 Acting Acting NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 17 Drugs Drugs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 639 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 640 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 1 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 3 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 5 420 420 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 641 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 642 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 642 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 642 3 9783642677700 9783642677700 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 642 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 2 McCrady McCrady NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 4 Barbara Barbara NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 5 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 7 Epstein Epstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 9 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 10 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 12 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 643 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 1 Addictions addiction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 4 Comprehensive Comprehensive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 5 Guidebook Guidebook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 644 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 645 1 OUP OUP NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 645 2 USA USA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 645 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 646 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 646 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 646 3 163 163 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 646 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 647 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 647 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 647 3 9780199753666 9780199753666 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 647 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 2 Ruiz Ruiz NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 3 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 5 Strain Strain NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 6 EC EC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 8 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 648 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 1 Lowinson Lowinson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 3 Ruiz Ruiz NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 5 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 6 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 9 Comprehensive Comprehensive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 10 Textbook Textbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 649 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 650 1 Lippincott Lippincott NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 650 2 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 650 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 650 4 Wilkins Wilkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 650 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 651 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 651 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 651 3 258 258 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 651 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 652 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 652 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 652 3 9781605472775 9781605472775 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 652 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 2 Staats Staats NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 3 PS PS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 5 Silverman Silverman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 6 SM SM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 653 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 1 Controlled Controlled NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 2 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 3 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 5 Chronic Chronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 6 Pain Pain NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 9 Balanced Balanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 10 Approach Approach NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 654 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 655 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 655 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 656 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 656 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 656 3 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 656 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 657 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 657 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 657 3 9783319309644 9783319309644 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 657 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 5 Martinotti Martinotti NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 6 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 8 Papazisis Papazisis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 9 G g NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 11 Santacroce Santacroce NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 12 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 14 Kouvelas Kouvelas NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 15 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 17 Cinosi Cinosi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 18 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 20 Lupi Lupi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 21 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 23 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 24 Giannantonio Giannantonio NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 25 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 27 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 658 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 2 Pregabalin Pregabalin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 3 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 5 Addiction Addiction NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 659 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 2 Preedy Preedy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 3 VR VR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 660 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 1 Neuropathology Neuropathology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 3 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 4 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 6 Substance Substance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 7 Misuse Misuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 8 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 11 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 12 Processes Processes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 14 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 16 Prescription Prescription NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 17 Medications Medications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 19 Caffeine Caffeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 21 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 23 Polydrug Polydrug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 24 Misuse Misuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 26 Emerging Emerging NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 27 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 29 Non Non NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 30 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 31 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 32 Addictions Addictions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 661 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 662 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 662 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 662 3 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 662 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 662 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 663 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 663 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 664 1 948–949 948–949 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 664 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 665 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 665 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 665 3 9780128006771 9780128006771 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 665 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 1 Exceeding exceed VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 3 therapeutic therapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 4 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 6 pregabalin pregabalin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 8 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 11 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 12 ideal ideal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 13 psychotropic psychotropic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 14 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 15 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 17 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 18 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 20 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 21 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 22 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 23 GHB GHB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 24 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 25 benzodiazepine benzodiazepine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 27 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 28 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 30 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 32 entactogenic entactogenic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 33 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 36 dissociation dissociation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 666 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 1 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 2             _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 3 Up up IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 5 1200 1200 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 6 mg mg NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 7 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 8 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 9 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 10 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 11 1500 1500 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 12 mg mg NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 13 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 14 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 15 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 16 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 18 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 19 Schjerning Schjerning NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 20 O O NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 22 Rosenzweig Rosenzweig NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 23 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 25 Pottegård Pottegård NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 26 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 28 Damkier Damkier NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 29 P P NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 31 Nielsen Nielsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 32 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 34 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 35 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 667 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 2 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 3 Potential Potential NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 5 Pregabalin Pregabalin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 7 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 8 Systematic Systematic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 9 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 12 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 668 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 669 1 CNS CNS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 669 2 Drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 669 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 1 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 6 9–25 9–25 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 670 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 3 s40263 s40263 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 5 015 015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 7 0303 0303 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 9 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 671 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 3 1179 1179 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 5 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 672 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 673 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 673 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 673 3 26767525 26767525 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 673 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 674 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 674 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 674 3 3800377 3800377 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 674 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 3 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 7 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 9 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 10 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 11 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 675 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 676 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 676 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 676 3 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 676 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 676 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 1 Pregabalin Pregabalin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 6 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 8 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 10 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 11 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 15 incurred incur VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 16 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 17 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 18 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 19 abusers abuser NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 21 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 22 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 24 dissociative dissociative JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 25 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 26 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 27 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 29 doses dose NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 30 exceeding exceed VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 31 normal normal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 32 therapeutic therapeutic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 33 dosages dosage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 35 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 37 alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 38 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 40 administration administration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 42 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 44 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 45 insufflation insufflation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 46 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 47 venous venous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 48 injection injection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 677 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 678 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 678 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 678 3 Lyrica Lyrica NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 678 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 678 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 679 1 Drugs.com Drugs.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 679 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 6 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 7 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 8 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 680 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 681 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 681 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 681 3 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 681 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 681 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 4 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 5 RV RV NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 7 Havens Havens NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 8 JR JR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 10 Walsh Walsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 11 SL SL NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 13 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 682 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 2 Gabapentin Gabapentin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 3 misuse misuse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 5 abuse abuse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 8 diversion diversion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 11 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 12 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 683 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 684 1 Addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 684 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 1 111 111 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 6 1160–1174 1160–1174 ADD en-wikipedia-org-3158 685 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 686 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 686 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 686 3 add.13324 add.13324 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 686 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 687 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 687 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 687 3 5573873 5573873 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 687 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 688 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 688 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 688 3 27265421 27265421 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 688 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 2 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 3 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 4 mentioned mention VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 5 experiencing experience VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 6 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 7 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 8 gabapentin gabapentin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 9 misuse misuse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 12 reminiscent reminiscent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 17 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 18 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 21 opioids opioid NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 689 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 2 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 4 achieved achieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 6 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 9 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 11 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 13 buprenorphine buprenorphine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 14 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 15 naloxone naloxone JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 17 methadone methadone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 19 baclofen baclofen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 21 quetiapine quetiapine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 23 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 25 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 26 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 29 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 30 gabapentin gabapentin ADD en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 31 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 34 dosages dosage NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 35 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 36 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 37 1500–12000 1500–12000 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 38 mg mg NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 40 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 41 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 42 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 43 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 44 give give VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 45 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 46 amounts amount NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 47 misused misuse VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 690 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 2 Rossi Rossi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 4 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 6 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 691 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 692 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 692 2 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 692 3 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 692 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 692 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 693 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 693 2 Ethosuximide Ethosuximide NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 693 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 693 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 694 1 Australian Australian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 694 2 Medicines Medicines NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 694 3 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 694 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 1 Adelaide Adelaide NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 3 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 5 Australian Australian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 6 Medicines Medicines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 7 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 8 Pty Pty NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 9 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 10 Retrieved retrieve VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 11 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 12 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 13 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 695 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 2 Rossi Rossi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 4 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 6 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 696 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 697 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 697 2 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 697 3 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 697 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 697 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 698 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 698 2 Perampanel Perampanel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 698 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 698 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 699 1 Australian Australian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 699 2 Medicines Medicines NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 699 3 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 699 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 1 Adelaide Adelaide NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 3 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 5 Australian Australian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 6 Medicines Medicines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 7 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 8 Pty Pty NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 9 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 10 Retrieved retrieve VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 11 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 12 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 13 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 700 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 2 Huang Huang NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 3 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 5 Johnson Johnson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 6 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 701 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 2 Nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 3 Oxide Oxide NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 7 Operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 8 Room Room NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 11 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 12 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 702 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 1 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 2 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 4 Hospital Hospital NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 5 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 6 Reports Reports NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 703 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 1 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 3 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 5 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 7 s40138 s40138 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 9 016 016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 11 0092 0092 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 13 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 704 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 3 2167 2167 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 5 4884 4884 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 705 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 706 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 706 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 706 3 4819505 4819505 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 706 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 707 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 707 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 707 3 27073749 27073749 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 707 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 2 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 3 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 4 laughing laugh VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 5 gas gas NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 9 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 10 layman layman NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 11 ’s ’s POS en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 12 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 14 nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 15 oxide oxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 17 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 18 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 19 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 21 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 23 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 28 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 708 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 5 noted note VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 6 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 11 opioid opioid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 13 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 14 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 17 accounts account VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 20 analgesic analgesic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 21 properties property NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 709 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 2 Fond Fond NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 3 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 5 Macgregor Macgregor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 6 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 8 Leboyer Leboyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 9 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 11 Michalsen Michalsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 12 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 14 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 710 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 2 Fasting fast VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 4 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 5 disorders disorder NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 7 neurobiology neurobiology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 9 effectiveness effectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 711 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 2 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 5 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 8 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 712 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 713 1 Psychiatry Psychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 713 2 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 713 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 1 209 209 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 6 253–258 253–258 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 714 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 715 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 715 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 715 3 j.psychres.2012.12.018 j.psychres.2012.12.018 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 715 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 716 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 716 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 716 3 23332541 23332541 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 716 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 717 1 S2CID S2CID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 717 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 717 3 39700065 39700065 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 717 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 3 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 7 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 9 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 10 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 11 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 718 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 719 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 719 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 719 3 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 719 4 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 719 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 5 Bipolar Bipolar NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 7 Related Related NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 8 Disorders Disorders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 720 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 1 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 3 Statistical Statistical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 4 Manual Manual NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 6 Mental Mental NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 7 Disorders Disorders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 9 DSM-5 DSM-5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 12 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 13 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 721 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 722 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 722 2 Psychiatric Psychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 722 3 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 722 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 723 1 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 723 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 724 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 724 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 724 3 9780890425572 9780890425572 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 724 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 4 Ruggero Ruggero NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 5 CJ CJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 7 Kotov Kotov NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 8 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 10 Watson Watson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 11 D D NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 13 Kilmer Kilmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 14 JN JN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 16 Perlman Perlman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 17 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 19 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 20 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 22 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 23 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 725 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 2 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 4 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 5 index index NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 7 mania mania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 8 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 10 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 12 validity validity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 14 subdimensions subdimension NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 726 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 727 1 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 728 1 Affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 728 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 729 1 Disord Disord NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 729 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 730 1 161 161 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 730 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 730 3 8–15 8–15 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 730 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 731 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 731 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 731 3 j.jad.2014.02.044 j.jad.2014.02.044 NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 731 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 732 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 732 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 732 3 24751301 24751301 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 732 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 2 Dahl Dahl NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 3 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 5 Lundgren Lundgren NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 6 TL TL NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 8 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 733 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 2 Conditioning conditioning NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 5 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 6 technology technology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 9 contextual contextual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 10 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 11 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 734 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 2 Holmes Holmes NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 3 GL GL NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 5 Schachter Schachter NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 6 SC SC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 8 Kasteleijn Kasteleijn NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 10 Nolst Nolst NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 11 Trenite Trenite NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 12 DGA DGA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 14 eds eds NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 735 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 1 Behavioral Behavioral NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 2 Aspects Aspects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 4 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 6 Principles Principles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 8 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 736 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 737 1 Demos Demos NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 737 2 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 737 3 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 737 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 738 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 738 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 738 3 248 248 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 738 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 739 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 739 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 739 3 9781934559888 9781934559888 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 739 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 2 S]eizures s]eizures NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 3 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 6 stimulating stimulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 9 induce induce VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 10 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 740 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 1 Dostoyevsky Dostoyevsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 2 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 4 seizure seizure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 5 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 7 follows follow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 8 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 10 air air NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 12 filled fill VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 15 big big JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 16 noise noise NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 18 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 19 tried try VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 21 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 741 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 2 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 4 heaven heaven NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 6 going go VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 7 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 8 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 10 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 15 engulfed engulf VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 16 me -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 742 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 2 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 3 really really RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 4 touched touch VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 5 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 743 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 2 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 3 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 4 me -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 5 myself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 744 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 745 1 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-3158 745 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 745 3 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 745 4 exists exist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 745 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 2 cried cry VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 5 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 6 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 7 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 8 remember remember VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 9 anything anything NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 10 else else RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 746 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 1 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 2 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 4 healthy healthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 5 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 6 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 7 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 8 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 9 imagine imagine VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 11 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 12 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 13 epileptics epileptic NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 14 feel feel VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 15 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 17 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 18 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 19 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 20 fit fit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 747 21 ... ... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 2 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 3 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 4 know know VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 5 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 7 felicity felicity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 8 lasts last VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 10 seconds second NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 12 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 15 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 17 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 18 me -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 21 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 23 joys joy NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 25 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 26 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 27 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 29 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 30 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 32 exchange exchange VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 33 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 34 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 35 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 748 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 2 emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 3 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 5 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 6 Kanner Kanner NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 7 AM AM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 9 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 749 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 2 Peri peri NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 4 ictal ictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 5 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 6 phenomena phenomenon NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 750 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 2 Trimble Trimble NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 3 MR MR NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 5 Schmitz Schmitz NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 6 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 8 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 751 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 752 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 752 2 Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychiatry NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 752 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 752 4 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 752 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 753 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 753 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 753 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 753 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 754 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 754 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 754 3 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 754 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 755 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 755 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 755 3 9781139497893 9781139497893 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 755 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 2 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 3 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 6 ictal ictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 7 psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 8 symptom symptom NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 12 aura aura NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 15 presenting present VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 17 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 19 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 21 sadness sadness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 24 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 756 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 2 Gschwind Gschwind NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 3 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 5 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 6 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 8 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 9 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 757 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 2 Ecstatic ecstatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 3 Epileptic epileptic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 4 Seizures Seizures NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 6 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 7 Glimpse Glimpse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 10 Multiple Multiple NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 11 Roles Roles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 14 Insula Insula NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 758 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 759 1 Frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 759 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 759 3 Behavioral Behavioral NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 759 4 Neuroscience Neuroscience NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 759 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 1 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 5 doi:10.3389 doi:10.3389 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 7 fnbeh.2016.00021 fnbeh.2016.00021 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 760 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 761 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 761 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 761 3 4756129 4756129 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 761 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 762 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 762 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 762 3 26924970 26924970 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 762 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 3 table table NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 4 listing list VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 5 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 7 ecstatic ecstatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 8 seizures seizure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 9 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 12 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 14 descriptions description NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 15 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 18 Euphoric Euphoric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 20 talkative talkative JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 24 calm calm JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 29 Pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 30 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 32 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 36 Pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 37 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 40 feels feel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 41 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 44 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 45 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 46 euphoric euphoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 47 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 49 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 50 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 51 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 52 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 54 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 56 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 57 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 58 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 59 Sudden sudden JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 60 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 62 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 63 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 64 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 65 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 66 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 68 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 69 Ineffable ineffable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 70 joy joy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 763 71 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 1 Intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 2 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 3 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 4 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 6 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 8 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 9 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 14 Extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 15 happiness happiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 19 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 21 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 22 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 23 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 25 pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 29 Intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 30 happy happy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 31 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 34 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 35 Sudden sudden RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 36 indescribably indescribably RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 37 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 39 joyous joyous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 40 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 43 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 44 Sensation sensation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 46 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 47 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 48 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 49 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 53 Intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 54 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 55 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 56 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 58 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 59 Intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 60 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 62 bliss bliss NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 64 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 65 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 66 being being NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 67 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 764 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 2 Picard Picard NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 3 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 5 Friston Friston NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 6 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 8 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 9 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 765 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 2 Predictions prediction NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 4 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 8 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 10 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 766 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 767 1 Neurology neurology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 767 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 1 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 6 1112–8 1112–8 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 768 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 769 1 doi:10.1212 doi:10.1212 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 769 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 769 3 WNL.0000000000000798 WNL.0000000000000798 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 769 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 3 0028 0028 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 5 3878 3878 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 770 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 771 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 771 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 771 3 4166359 4166359 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 771 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 772 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 772 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 772 3 25128179 25128179 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 772 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 2 Devinsky Devinsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 3 O O NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 5 Lai Lai NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 6 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 8 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 9 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 773 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 2 Spirituality spirituality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 4 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 6 epilepsy epilepsy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 774 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 775 1 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 775 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 775 3 Behavior Behavior NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 775 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 1 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 6 636–643 636–643 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 776 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 777 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 777 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 777 3 j.yebeh.2007.11.011 j.yebeh.2007.11.011 JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 777 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 3 1525 1525 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 5 5050 5050 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 778 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 779 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 779 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 779 3 18171635 18171635 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 779 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 780 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 780 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 780 3 8768458 8768458 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 780 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 2 Levenson Levenson NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 3 JL JL NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 781 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 782 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 782 2 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 782 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 782 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 2 Neurology Neurology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 4 Neurosurgery Neurosurgery NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 783 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 3 Psychiatric Psychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 4 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 5 Textbook Textbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 7 Psychosomatic Psychosomatic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 8 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 10 Psychiatric psychiatric JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 11 Care Care NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 14 Medically Medically NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 15 Ill. Illinois NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 16 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 17 Psychiatric Psychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 18 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 784 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 785 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 785 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 785 3 777 777 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 785 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 786 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 786 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 786 3 9781585623792 9781585623792 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 786 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 2 Mulu Mulu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 3 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 5 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 787 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 3 Interictal Interictal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 4 Dsyphoric Dsyphoric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 5 Disorder Disorder NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 7 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 788 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 2 Miyoshi Miyoshi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 3 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 5 Morimura Morimura NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 6 Y Y NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 8 Maeda Maeda NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 9 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 11 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 789 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 790 1 Neuropsychiatric Neuropsychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 790 2 Disorders Disorders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 790 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 791 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 792 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 792 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 793 1 106–107 106–107 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 793 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 794 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 794 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 794 3 9784431538714 9784431538714 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 794 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 2 Engel Engel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 3 J J NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 795 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 796 1 Seizures Seizures NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 796 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 796 3 Epilepsy Epilepsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 796 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 797 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 797 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 797 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 797 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 798 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 798 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 799 1 332 332 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 799 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 799 3 383 383 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 799 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 800 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 800 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 800 3 9780195328547 9780195328547 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 800 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 6 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 7 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 8 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 801 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 802 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 802 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 802 3 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 802 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 802 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 1 Patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 2 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 4 aware aware JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 6 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 7 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 9 tension tension NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 10 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 12 generalized generalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 13 tonic tonic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 15 clonic clonic NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 17 limbic limbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 18 seizures seizure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 19 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 20 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 22 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 24 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 26 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 27 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 29 postictal postictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 30 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 31 .... .... NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 32             _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 33 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 34 P]atients P]atients NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 36 interictal interictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 37 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 38 preictal preictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 39 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 40 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 41 report report VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 42 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 43 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 44 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 45 postictally postictally RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 48 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 49 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 50 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 52 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 53 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 54 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 55 beneficial beneficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 56 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 58 electroconvulsive electroconvulsive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 59 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 60 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 61 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 62 ECT ECT NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 803 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 1 Postictal postictal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 2 hypomania hypomania NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 3 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 4 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 6 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 7 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 8 repeated repeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 9 limbic limbic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 10 seizures seizure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 804 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 4 Dodick Dodick NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 5 DW DW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 7 Silberstein Silberstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 8 SD SD NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 10 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 805 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 1 Migraine Migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 3 3rd 3rd NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 4 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 806 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 807 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 807 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 807 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 807 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 808 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 808 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 809 1 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 809 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 809 3 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 809 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 810 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 810 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 810 3 9780199793693 9780199793693 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 810 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 1 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 2 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 3 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 4 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 6 migraineurs migraineur NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 7 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 8 premonitory premonitory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 9 phenomena phenomena NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 10 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 12 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 13 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 14 headache headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 15 onset onset NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 811 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 1 Psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 2 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 3 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 4 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 6 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 8 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 10 irritability irritability NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 12 restlessness restlessness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 14 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 15 slowness slowness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 17 hyperactivity hyperactivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 19 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 22 drowsiness drowsiness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 812 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 1 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 3 headache headache NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 6 patient patient NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 9 impaired impair VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 10 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 12 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 13 tired tired JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 15 washed wash VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 16 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 18 irritable irritable JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 21 listless listless JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 813 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 2 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 4 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 6 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 7 unusually unusually RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 8 refreshed refresh VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 10 euphoric euphoric NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 11 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 13 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 814 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 2 emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 3 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 5 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 6 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 7 MW MW NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 9 Colman Colman NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 10 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 12 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 815 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 816 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 816 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 816 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 817 1 Complicated Complicated NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 817 2 Migraine Migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 817 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 817 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 2 Diamond Diamond NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 818 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 1 Headache Headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 3 Migraine Migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 4 Biology Biology NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 6 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 819 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 820 1 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 820 2 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 820 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 821 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 821 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 821 3 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 821 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 822 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 822 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 822 3 9780128011621 9780128011621 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 822 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 2 P]remonitory P]remonitory NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 3 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 4 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 5 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 6 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 9 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 12 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 15 migraine migraine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 16 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 20 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 21 aura aura NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 823 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 1 Prodromal prodromal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 2 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 3 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 4 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 5 combinations combination NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 7 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 9 stiff stiff JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 10 neck neck NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 12 sensitivity sensitivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 14 light light NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 16 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 18 difficulty difficulty NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 20 concentrating concentrating NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 22 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 24 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 26 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 27 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 29 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 31 blurred blurred JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 32 vision vision NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 34 yawning yawning NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 36 nausea nausea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 38 pallor pallor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 824 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 2 emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 3 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 5 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 7 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 8 Walling wall VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 9 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 11 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 825 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 826 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 826 2 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 826 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 827 1 Headache Headache NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 827 2 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 827 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 2 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 3 RB RB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 828 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 1 Family family NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 2 Medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 4 Principles Principles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 6 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 8 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 9 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 829 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 830 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 831 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 831 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 831 3 532 532 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 831 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 832 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 832 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 832 3 9780387217444 9780387217444 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 832 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 1 Patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 4 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 5 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 7 subgroup subgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 9 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 10 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 11 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 13 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 14 migrainers migrainer NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 16 experience experience VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 18 characteristic characteristic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 19 aura aura NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 20 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 22 onset onset NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 24 migraine migraine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 25 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 26 pain pain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 27 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 28 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 29 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 30 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 31 proportion proportion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 33 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 34 describe describe VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 35 prodromal prodromal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 36 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 38 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 39 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 40 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 41 visceral visceral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 43 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 44 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 45 diarrhea diarrhea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 46 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 47 nausea nausea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 49 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 50 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 51 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 52 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 53 alterations alteration NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 55 mood mood NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 56 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 57 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 833 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 1 Food food NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 2 cravings craving NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 4 mild mild JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 5 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 7 conversely conversely RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 9 yawning yawning NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 13 heightened heighten VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 14 sensory sensory JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 15 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 17 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 19 smell smell NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 22 surprisingly surprisingly RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 23 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 834 24 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 2 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 4 terminates terminate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 6 sleep sleep NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 835 7 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 2 patients patient NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 3 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 6 hangover hangover NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 9 waking wake VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 10 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 12 migraine migraine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 15 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 16 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 17 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 18 freedom freedom NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 20 symptoms symptom NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 23 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 25 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 836 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 2 emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 3 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 5 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 6 Haussleiter Haussleiter NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 7 IS IS NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 9 Brüne Brüne NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 10 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 12 Juckel Juckel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 13 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 15 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 16 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 837 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 2 Psychopathology psychopathology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 4 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 5 sclerosis sclerosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 7 diagnosis diagnosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 9 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 11 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 838 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 839 1 Ther ther RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 839 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 840 1 Adv Adv NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 840 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 841 1 Neurol Neurol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 841 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 842 1 Disord Disord NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 842 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 1 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 6 13–29 13–29 LS en-wikipedia-org-3158 843 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 844 1 doi:10.1177/1756285608100325 doi:10.1177/1756285608100325 FW en-wikipedia-org-3158 844 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 845 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 845 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 845 3 3002616 3002616 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 845 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 846 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 846 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 846 3 21180640 21180640 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 846 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 2 Romano Romano NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 3 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 5 Nocentini Nocentini NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 6 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 8 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 847 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 2 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 4 Pathalogical Pathalogical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 5 Laughing Laughing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 7 Crying Crying NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 848 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 2 Nocentini Nocentini NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 3 U U NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 5 Caltagirone Caltagirone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 6 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 8 Tedeschi Tedeschi NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 9 G G NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 11 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 849 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 1 Neuropsychiatric Neuropsychiatric NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 2 Dysfunction Dysfunction NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 4 Multiple Multiple NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 5 Sclerosis Sclerosis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 850 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 1 Springer Springer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 2 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 4 Business Business NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 851 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 852 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 852 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-3158 852 3 9788847026766 9788847026766 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 852 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 5 dictionary dictionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 6 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 8 euphoria euphoria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 10 Wiktionary Wiktionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 11 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 12 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 13 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 14 Recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 15 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 16 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 17 Major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 18 recreational recreational JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 19 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 20 Depressants depressant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 21 Barbiturates Barbiturates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 22 Benzodiazepines benzodiazepine NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 23 Carbamates Carbamates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 24 Ethanol ethanol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 26 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 28 Alcoholic alcoholic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 29 drinks drink NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 30 Beer Beer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 31 Wine Wine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 32 Gabapentinoids Gabapentinoids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 33 GHB GHB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 34 Inhalants inhalant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 35 Medical medical JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 36 Nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 37 oxide oxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 38 Hazardous hazardous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 39 solvents solvent NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 40 contact contact VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 41 adhesives adhesive NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 42 Gasoline Gasoline NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 43 nail nail NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 44 polish polish NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 45 remover remover NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 46 Paint Paint NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 47 thinner thinner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 48 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 49 Freon freon NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 50 Kava Kava NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 51 Nonbenzodiazepines Nonbenzodiazepines NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 52 Quinazolinones Quinazolinones NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 53 Opioids Opioids NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 54 Buprenorphine Buprenorphine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 55 Suboxone Suboxone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 56 Subutex Subutex NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 57 Codeine Codeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 58 Desomorphine Desomorphine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 59 Krokodil Krokodil NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 60 Dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 61 Darvocet Darvocet NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 62 Darvon Darvon NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 63 Fentanyl Fentanyl NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 64 Diamorphine Diamorphine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 65 Heroin Heroin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 66 Hydrocodone Hydrocodone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 67 Hydromorphone Hydromorphone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 68 Dilaudid Dilaudid NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 69 Methadone Methadone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 70 Mitragyna Mitragyna NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 71 speciosa speciosa VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 72 Kratom Kratom NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 73 Morphine Morphine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 74 Opium Opium NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 75 Oxycodone Oxycodone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 76 /paracetamol /paracetamol , en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 77 Tramadol Tramadol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 78 Stimulants Stimulants NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 79 Amphetamine Amphetamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 80 Arecoline Arecoline NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 81 Areca Areca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 82 Betel Betel NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 83 Caffeine Caffeine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 84 Coffee Coffee NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 85 Energy Energy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 86 drinks drink VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 87 Tea Tea NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 88 Cathinone Cathinone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 89 Khat Khat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 90 Cocaine Cocaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 91 Coca Coca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 92 Crack Crack NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 93 Ephedrine Ephedrine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 94 Ephedra Ephedra NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 95 MDPV MDPV NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 96 Mephedrone Mephedrone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 97 Methamphetamine Methamphetamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 98 Methylone Methylone NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 99 Methylphenidate Methylphenidate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 100 Modafinil Modafinil NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 101 Nicotine Nicotine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 102 Tobacco Tobacco NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 103 Theobromine Theobromine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 104 Cocoa Cocoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 105 Chocolate Chocolate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 106 Entactogens Entactogens NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 107 2C 2c NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 108 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 109 6-APB 6-APB NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 110 Benzofury Benzofury NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 111 AMT AMT NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 112 MDA MDA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 113 MDMA mdma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 114 Ecstasy ecstasy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 115 Hallucinogens Hallucinogens NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 116 Psychedelics Psychedelics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 117 Bufotenin Bufotenin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 118 Psychoactive Psychoactive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 119 toads toad NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 120 Vilca Vilca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 121 Yopo Yopo NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 122 DMT DMT NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 123 Ayahuasca Ayahuasca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 124 LSA LSA NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 125 LSD-25 lsd-25 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 126 Mescaline mescaline JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 127 Peruvian peruvian JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 128 torch torch NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 129 Peyote Peyote NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 130 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 131 Pedro Pedro NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 132 Psilocybin Psilocybin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 133 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 134 Psilocin Psilocin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 135 Psilocybin Psilocybin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 136 mushrooms mushroom VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 137 Dissociatives Dissociatives NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 138 DXM DXM NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 139 Glaucine Glaucine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 140 Inhalants inhalant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 141 Nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 142 oxide oxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 143 alkyl alkyl NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 144 nitrites nitrite NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 145 poppers popper VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 146 amyl amyl VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 147 nitrite nitrite JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 148 Ketamine Ketamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 149 MXE MXE NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 150 Muscimol Muscimol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 151 Amanita Amanita NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 152 muscaria muscaria NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 153 PCP PCP NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 154 Salvinorin Salvinorin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 155 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 156 Salvia Salvia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 157 divinorum divinorum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 158 Deliriants Deliriants NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 159 Atropine Atropine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 160 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 161 Scopolamine Scopolamine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 162 Atropa Atropa NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 163 belladonna belladonna NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 164 Datura Datura NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 165 Hyoscyamus Hyoscyamus NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 166 niger niger NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 167 Mandragora Mandragora NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 168 officinarum officinarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 169 Dimenhydrinate Dimenhydrinate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 170 Diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 171 Cannabinoids Cannabinoids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 172 JWH-018 JWH-018 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 173 THC THC NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 174 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 175 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 176 Marijuana Marijuana NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 177 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 178 Hashish Hashish NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 179 Hash Hash NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 180 oil oil NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 181 Oneirogens Oneirogens NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 182 Calea Calea NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 183 zacatechichi zacatechichi NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 184 Silene Silene NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 185 capensis capensis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 186 Club Club NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 187 drugs drug VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 188 Cocaine Cocaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 189 Quaaludes Quaaludes NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 190 MDMA mdma NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 191 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 192 Ecstasy Ecstasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 193 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 194 Nitrous nitrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 195 oxide oxide NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 196 Poppers Poppers NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 197 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 198 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 199 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 200 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 201 420 420 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 202 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 203 cultivation cultivation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 204 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 205 smoking smoke VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 206 Head Head NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 207 shop shop NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 208 Legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 209 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 210 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 211 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 212 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 213 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 214 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 215 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 216 Legality Legality NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 217 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 218 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 219 Marijuana Marijuana NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 220 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 221 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 222 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 223 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 224 NORML NORML NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 225 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 226 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 227 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 228 Stoner stoner NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 229 film film NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 230 Coffee coffee NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 231 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 232 Coffee Coffee NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 233 break break VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 234 Coffeehouse Coffeehouse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 235 Latte Latte NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 236 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 237 Tea tea NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 238 house house NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 239 Drinking drink VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 240 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 241 Bartending Bartending NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 242 Beer Beer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 243 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 244 Beer beer NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 245 festival festival NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 246 Binge Binge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 247 drinking drink VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 248 Diethyl Diethyl NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 249 ether ether NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 250 Drinking Drinking NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 251 games game NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 252 Drinking drinking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 253 song song NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 254 Happy happy JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 255 hour hour NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 256 Hip Hip NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 257 flask flask NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 258 Nightclub Nightclub NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 259 Pub Pub NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 260 Pub Pub NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 261 crawl crawl NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 262 Sommelier sommeli JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 263 Sports Sports NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 264 bar bar NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 265 Tailgate Tailgate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 266 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 267 Wine wine NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 268 bar bar NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 269 Wine Wine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 270 tasting taste VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 271 Psychedelia Psychedelia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 272 Psychonautics Psychonautics NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 273 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 274 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 275 Era era NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 276 Experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 277 Literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 278 Music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 279 Microdosing Microdosing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 280 Therapy Therapy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 281 Smoking Smoking NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 282 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 283 Cigarette Cigarette NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 284 card card NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 285 Fashion Fashion NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 286 cigarettes cigarette VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 287 Cloud Cloud NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 288 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 289 chasing chase VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 290 Loosie Loosie NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 291 Smokeasy Smokeasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 292 Smoking Smoking NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 293 fetishism fetishism NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 294 Tobacco Tobacco NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 295 smoking smoke VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 296 Other Other NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 297 Club Club NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 298 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 299 Counterculture Counterculture NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 300 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 301 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 302 1960s 1960s CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 303 Dance Dance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 304 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 305 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 306 paraphernalia paraphernalia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 307 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 308 tourism tourism NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 309 Entheogen Entheogen NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 310 Hippie Hippie NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 311 Needle Needle NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 312 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 313 Nootropic Nootropic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 314 Party Party NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 315 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 316 play play VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 317 Poly poly JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 318 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 319 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 320 Rave Rave NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 321 Religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 322 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 323 drugs drug VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 324 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 325 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 326 medication medication NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 327 Sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 328 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 329 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 330 Whoonga Whoonga NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 331 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 332 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 333 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 334 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 335 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 336 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 337 Coca Coca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 338 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 339 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 340 Colombia Colombia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 341 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 342 precursors precursor NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 343 Opium Opium NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 344 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 345 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 346 Afghanistan Afghanistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 347 Rolling Rolling NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 348 meth meth NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 349 lab lab NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 350 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 351 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 352 Illegal illegal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 353 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 354 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 355 Colombia Colombia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 356 Darknet Darknet NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 357 market market NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 358 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 359 distribution distribution NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 360 Beer beer NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 361 shop shop NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 362 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 363 shop shop NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 364 Liquor Liquor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 365 store store NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 366 Liquor Liquor NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 367 license license NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 368 Issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 369 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 370 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 371 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 372 Abuse Abuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 373 Date Date NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 374 rape rape NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 375 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 376 Impaired impaired JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 377 driving drive VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 378 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 379 harmfulness harmfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 380 Effects Effects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 381 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 382 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 383 Addiction Addiction NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 384 Dependence Dependence NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 385 Prevention Prevention NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 386 Opioid Opioid NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 387 replacement replacement NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 388 therapy therapy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 389 Rehabilitation Rehabilitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 390 Responsible responsible JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 391 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 392 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 393 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 394 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 395 crime crime NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 396 Fetal fetal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 397 alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 398 spectrum spectrum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 399 disorder disorder NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 400 Long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 401 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 402 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 403 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 404 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 405 cannabis cannabis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 406 Neurotoxicity Neurotoxicity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 407 Overdose Overdose NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 408 Passive passive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 409 smoking smoking NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 410 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 411 tobacco tobacco NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 412 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 413 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 414 substances substance NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 415 Legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 416 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 417 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 418 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 419 International international JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 420 1961 1961 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 421 Narcotic Narcotic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 422 Drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 423 1971 1971 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 424 Psychotropic Psychotropic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 425 Substances Substances NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 426 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 427 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 428 Trafficking Trafficking NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 429 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 430 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 431 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 432 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 433 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 434 decisions decision NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 435 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 436 designer designer NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 437 drugs drug NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 438 State state NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 439 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 440 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 441 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 442 Decriminalization Decriminalization NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 443 Prohibition Prohibition NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 444 Supply Supply NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 445 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 446 Policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 447 reform reform NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 448 Demand Demand NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 449 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 450 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 451 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 452 Alliance Alliance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 453 Harm Harm NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 454 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 455 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 456 Enforcement Enforcement NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 457 Action Action NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 458 Partnership Partnership NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 459 Liberalization Liberalization NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 460 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 461 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 462 Students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 463 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 464 Sensible Sensible NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 465 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 466 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 467 Transform Transform NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 468 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 469 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 470 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 471 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 472 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 473 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 474 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 475 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 476 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 477 Germany Germany NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 478 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 479 Netherlands Netherlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 480 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 481 Slovakia Slovakia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 482 Soviet Soviet NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 483 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 484 Sweden Sweden NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 485 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 486 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 487 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 488 Just just RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 489 Say say VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 490 No No NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 491 Office Office NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 492 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 493 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 494 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 495 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 496 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 497 School School NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 498 district district NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 499 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 500 policies policy NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 501 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 502 Colorado Colorado NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 503 Maryland Maryland NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 504 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 505 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 506 Arguments Arguments NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 507 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 508 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 509 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 510 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 511 prohibition prohibition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 512 Capital Capital NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 513 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 514 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 515 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 516 trafficking traffic VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 517 Cognitive Cognitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 518 liberty liberty NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 519 Designer Designer NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 520 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 521 Drug Drug NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 522 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 523 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 524 possession possession NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 525 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 526 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 527 Narc Narc NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 528 Politics Politics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 529 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 530 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 531 abuse abuse NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 532 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 533 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 534 drugs drug VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 535 Mexican mexican JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 536 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 537 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 538 Plan Plan NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 539 Colombia Colombia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 540 Philippine philippine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 541 drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 542 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 543 Zero zero CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 544 tolerance tolerance NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 545 Lists Lists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 546 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 547 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 548 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 549 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 550 Alcohol alcohol NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 551 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 552 Alcohol Alcohol NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 553 consumption consumption NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 554 Anabolic anabolic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 555 steroid steroid NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 556 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 557 Cannabis Cannabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 558 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 559 Annual annual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 560 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 561 Lifetime Lifetime NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 562 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 563 Cigarette Cigarette NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 564 consumption consumption NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 565 Cocaine Cocaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 566 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 567 Cocaine Cocaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 568 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 569 Methamphetamine methamphetamine JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 570 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 571 Opiates opiate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 572 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 573 Psilocybin Psilocybin NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 574 mushrooms mushroom VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 575 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 576 Salvia Salvia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 577 legality legality NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 578 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 579 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 580 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 581 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 582 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 583 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 584 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 585 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 586 Acceptance Acceptance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 587 Adoration Adoration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 588 Aesthetic Aesthetic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 589 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 590 Affection Affection NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 591 Agitation Agitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 592 Agony Agony NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 593 Amusement Amusement NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 594 Anger Anger NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 595 Angst Angst NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 596 Anguish Anguish NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 597 Annoyance Annoyance NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 598 Anticipation Anticipation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 599 Anxiety Anxiety NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 600 Apathy Apathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 601 Arousal Arousal NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 602 Attraction Attraction NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 603 Awe Awe NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 604 Boredom Boredom NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 605 Calmness Calmness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 606 Compassion Compassion NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 607 Confidence Confidence NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 608 Contempt Contempt NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 609 Contentment Contentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 610 Courage Courage NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 611 Cruelty Cruelty NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 612 Curiosity Curiosity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 613 Defeat Defeat NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 614 Depression Depression NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 615 Desire Desire NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 616 Despair despair NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 617 Disappointment disappointment NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 618 Disgust Disgust MD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 619 Distrust distrust NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 620 Ecstasy Ecstasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 621 Embarrassment Embarrassment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 622 Vicarious Vicarious NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 623 Empathy Empathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 624 Enthrallment Enthrallment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 625 Enthusiasm Enthusiasm NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 626 Envy Envy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 627 Euphoria Euphoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 628 Excitement Excitement NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 629 Fear Fear NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 630 Flow Flow NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 631 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 632 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 633 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 634 Frustration Frustration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 635 Gratification Gratification NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 636 Gratitude Gratitude NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 637 Greed Greed NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 638 Grief Grief NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 639 Guilt Guilt NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 640 Happiness Happiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 641 Hatred Hatred NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 642 Hiraeth Hiraeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 643 Homesickness Homesickness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 644 Hope Hope NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 645 Horror Horror NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 646 Hostility Hostility NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 647 Humiliation Humiliation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 648 Hygge Hygge NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 649 Hysteria Hysteria NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 650 Indulgence Indulgence NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 651 Infatuation Infatuation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 652 Insecurity Insecurity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 653 Inspiration Inspiration NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 654 Interest Interest NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 655 Irritation Irritation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 656 Isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 657 Jealousy jealousy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 658 Joy Joy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 659 Kindness Kindness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 660 Loneliness Loneliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 661 Longing Longing NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 662 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 663 Limerence Limerence NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 664 Lust Lust NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 665 Mono Mono NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 666 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 667 aware aware JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 668 Neglect Neglect NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 669 Nostalgia Nostalgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 670 Outrage Outrage NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 671 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 672 Passion Passion NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 673 Pity Pity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 674 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 675 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 676 pity pity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 677 Pleasure Pleasure NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 678 Pride Pride NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 679 Grandiosity Grandiosity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 680 Hubris Hubris NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 681 Insult Insult NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 682 Vanity Vanity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 683 Rage rage NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 684 Regret Regret NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 685 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 686 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 687 Rejection rejection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 688 Remorse Remorse NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 689 Resentment Resentment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 690 Sadness Sadness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 691 Melancholy Melancholy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 692 Saudade Saudade NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 693 Schadenfreude Schadenfreude NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 694 Sehnsucht Sehnsucht NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 695 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 696 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 697 confidence confidence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 698 Sentimentality Sentimentality NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 699 Shame Shame NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 700 Shock Shock NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 701 Shyness Shyness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 702 Sorrow Sorrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 703 Spite spite NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 704 Stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 705 Suffering Suffering NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 706 Surprise Surprise NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 707 Sympathy Sympathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 708 Tenseness Tenseness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 709 Trust Trust NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 710 Wonder Wonder NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 711 Worry worry NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 712 World world NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 713 views view VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 714 Cynicism Cynicism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 715 Defeatism Defeatism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 716 Nihilism Nihilism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 717 Optimism Optimism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 718 Pessimism Pessimism NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 719 Reclusion Reclusion NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 720 Weltschmerz Weltschmerz NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 721 Related Related NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 722 Affect Affect NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 723 consciousness consciousness NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 724 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 725 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 726 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 727 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 728 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 729 Affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 730 computing computing NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 731 forecasting forecasting NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 732 neuroscience neuroscience NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 733 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 734 spectrum spectrum NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 735 Affectivity Affectivity NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 736 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 737 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 738 Appeal appeal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 739 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 740 emotion emotion VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 741 Emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 742 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 743 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 744 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 745 memory memory NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 746 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 747 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 748 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 749 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 750 classification classification NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 751 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 752 expressed express VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 753 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 754 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 755 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 756 homeostatic homeostatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 757 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 758 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 759 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 760 conversation conversation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 761 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 762 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 763 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 764 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 765 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 766 Emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 767 aperture aperture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 768 bias bias NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 769 blackmail blackmail VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 770 competence competence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 771 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 772 contagion contagion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 773 detachment detachment NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 774 dysregulation dysregulation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 775 eating eat VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 776 exhaustion exhaustion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 777 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 778 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 779 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 780 bullying bully VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 781 intimacy intimacy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 782 isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 783 lability lability NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 784 labor labor NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 785 lateralization lateralization NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 786 literacy literacy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 787 prosody prosody NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 788 reasoning reason VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 789 responsivity responsivity NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 790 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 791 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 792 symbiosis symbiosis NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 793 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 794 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 795 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 796 Emotionality Emotionality NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 797 bounded bound VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 798 Emotions Emotions NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 799 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 800 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 801 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 802 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 803 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 804 making making NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 805 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 806 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 807 workplace workplace NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 808 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 809 virtual virtual JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 810 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 811 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 812 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 813 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 814 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 815 conscious conscious JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 816 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 817 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 818 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 819 sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 820 Feeling Feeling NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 821 Gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 822 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 823 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 824 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 825 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 826 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 827 tone tone NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 828 Interactions Interactions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 829 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 830 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 831 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 832 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 833 executive executive JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 834 brain brain NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 835 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 836 Meta Meta NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 837 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 838 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 839 Pathognomy Pathognomy NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 840 Pathos Pathos NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 841 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 842 emotional emotional JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 843 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 844 Stoic stoic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 845 passions passion NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 846 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 847 affect affect VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 848 appraisal appraisal NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 849 discrete discrete JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 850 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 851 somatic somatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 852 marker marker NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 853 constructed construct VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 854 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 855 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 856 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 857 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 858 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euphoria&oldid=993425483 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euphoria&oldid=993425483 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 859 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 860 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 861 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 862 Euphoriants euphoriant NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 863 Emotions Emotions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 864 Happiness Happiness NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 865 Pleasure pleasure NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 866 Hidden hidden JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 867 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 868 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 869 CS1 cs1 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 870 : : : en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 871 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 872 – – : en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 873 Gregorian gregorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 874 uncertainty uncertainty NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 875 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 876 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 877 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 878 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 879 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 880 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 881 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 882 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 883 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 884 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 885 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 886 pending pende VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 887 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 888 protected protect VBD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 889 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 890 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 891 dmy dmy NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 892 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 893 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 894 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 895 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 896 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 897 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 898 hAudio hAudio NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 899 microformats microformat VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 900 Pages Pages NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 901 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 902 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 903 pronunciations pronunciation NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 904 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 905 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 906 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 907 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 908 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 909 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 910 1453)-language 1453)-language VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 911 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 912 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 913 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 914 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 915 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 916 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 917 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 918 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 919 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 920 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 921 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 922 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 923 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 924 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 925 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 926 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 927 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 928 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 929 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 930 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 931 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 932 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 933 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 934 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 935 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 936 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 937 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 938 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 939 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 940 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 941 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 942 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 943 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 944 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 945 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 946 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 947 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 948 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 949 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 950 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 951 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 952 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 953 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 954 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 955 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 956 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 957 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 958 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 959 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 960 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 961 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 962 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 963 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 964 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 965 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 966 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 967 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 968 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 969 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 970 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 971 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 972 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 973 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 974 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 975 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 976 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 977 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 978 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 979 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 980 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 981 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 982 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 983 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 984 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 985 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 986 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 987 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 988 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 989 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 990 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 991 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 992 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 993 العربية العربية NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 994 Azərbaycanca Azərbaycanca NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 995 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 996 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 997 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 998 тарашкевіца)‎ тарашкевіца)‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 999 Български Български NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1000 Català Català NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1001 Čeština Čeština NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1002 Dansk Dansk NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1003 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1004 Eesti Eesti NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1005 Ελληνικά Ελληνικά NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1006 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1007 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1008 Euskara Euskara NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1009 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1010 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1011 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1012 Հայերեն Հայերեն NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1013 Hrvatski Hrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1014 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1015 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1016 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1017 עברית עברית NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1018 ქართული ქართული NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1019 Қазақша Қазақша NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1020 Latviešu Latviešu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1021 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1022 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1023 മലയാളം മലയാളം IN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1024 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1025 Melayu Melayu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1026 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1027 日本語 日本語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1028 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1029 bokmål bokmål NN en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1030 Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1031 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1032 Polski Polski NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1033 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1034 Română Română NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1035 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1036 Sicilianu Sicilianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1037 Simple Simple NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1038 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1039 Slovenčina Slovenčina NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1040 Српски Српски NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1041 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1042 srpski srpski JJ en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1043 Srpskohrvatski Srpskohrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1044 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-3158 853 1045 српскохрватски српскохрватски NN 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