id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 1 Contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 4 Wikipedia wikipedia NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 5 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 19 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 20 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 22 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 23 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 24 sciences science NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 27 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 28 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 29 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 31 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 32 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 33 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 34 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 35 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 36 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 37 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 38 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 39 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 40 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 41 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 43 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 44 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 45 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 1 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 1 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 2 WWII WWII NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 5 desegregation desegregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 8 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 11 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 12 institutions institution NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 14 policymakers policymaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 16 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 17 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 19 turned turn VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 21 eye eye NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 22 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 24 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 25 implications implication NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 27 interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 28 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 2 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 1 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 2 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 4 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 5 psychologist psychologist NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 6 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 7 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 8 united unite VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 9 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 10 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 13 vein vein NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 14 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 15 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 17 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 3 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 2 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 4 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 5 published publish VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 7 Nature Nature NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 9 Prejudice Prejudice NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 13 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 14 outlined outline VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 16 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 17 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 18 cited cite VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 19 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 22 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 4 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 5 premise premise NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 7 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 9 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 10 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 12 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 13 appropriate appropriate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 14 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 15 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 17 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 18 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 19 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 22 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 23 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 24 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 26 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 27 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 28 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 29 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 31 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 32 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 33 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 5 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 6 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 8 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 9 managed manage VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 11 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 12 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 13 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 15 stereotyping stereotyping NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 17 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 20 discrimination discrimination NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 22 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 23 occur occur VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 24 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 25 rival rival JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 26 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 28 lead lead VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 30 better better NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 31 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 32 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 6 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 3 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 4 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 5 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 7 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 9 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 10 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 11 expanded expand VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 13 applied apply VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 16 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 17 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 19 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 21 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 22 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 23 racism racism NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 25 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 26 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 27 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 28 physically physically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 30 mentally mentally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 31 disabled disabled JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 32 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 34 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 37 LGBTQ+ LGBTQ+ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 38 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 41 hundreds hundred NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 43 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 44 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 7 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 6 subfields subfield NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 8 criminology criminology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 10 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 13 sociology sociology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 15 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 19 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 21 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 24 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 25 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 27 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 28 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 29 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 30 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 32 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 8 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 2 3][4 3][4 NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 4 Nonetheless nonetheless RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 7 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 9 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 11 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 12 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 14 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 16 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 19 empirical empirical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 20 inquiry inquiry NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 21 continues continue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 24 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 9 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 8 Conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 10 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 12 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 13 Psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 14 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 15 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 17 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 18 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 19 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 21 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 23 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 24 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 25 4.1 4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 26 Examples Examples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 27 4.1.1 4.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 28 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 29 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 31 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 32 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 33 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 34 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 35 4.1.2 4.1.2 POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 36 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 37 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 39 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 40 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 41 homosexuality homosexuality NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 42 4.1.3 4.1.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 43 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 44 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 46 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 47 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 48 Muslims Muslims NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 50 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 51 4.1.4 4.1.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 52 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 53 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 54 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 55 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 56 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 57 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 59 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 60 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 61 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 62 Indirect Indirect NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 63 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 64 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 65 5.1 5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 66 Extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 67 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 68 5.2 5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 69 Imagined imagine VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 70 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 71 5.3 5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 72 Electronic- Electronic- NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 73 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 74 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 75 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 76 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 77 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 78 Criticisms criticism NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 79 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 80 Null Null NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 81 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 82 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 83 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 84 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 85 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 86 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 87 Negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 88 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 89 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 90 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 91 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 92 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 93 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 94 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 95 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 96 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 97 History[edit history[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 98 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 99 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 100 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 101 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 102 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 103 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 104 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 105 credited credit VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 106 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 107 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 108 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 109 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 110 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 111 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 112 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 113 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 114 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 115 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 116 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 117 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 118 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 119 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 120 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 121 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 122 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 123 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 124 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 125 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 126 novel novel JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 127 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 10 128 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 3 1930s 1930 NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 5 1940s 1940 NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 7 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 9 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 10 begun begin VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 11 speculating speculate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 12 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 14 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 16 interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 11 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 2 6][7][8 6][7][8 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 5 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 7 sociologist sociologist NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 8 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 9 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 10 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 11 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 12 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 13 collaboration collaboration NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 15 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 16 interdependence interdependence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 19 worthwhile worthwhile JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 20 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 22 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 23 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 24 hostility hostility NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 12 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 4 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 5 WWII WWII NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 7 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 8 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 9 examined examine VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 11 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 13 desegregation desegregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 15 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 16 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 13 19 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 1 Merchant Merchant NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 2 Marine Marine NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 6 desegregated desegregate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 7 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 8 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 9 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 10 housing housing NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 11 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 14 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 2 10][11 10][11 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 5 1951 1951 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 8 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 9 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 10 turned turn VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 12 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 14 desegregation desegregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 16 schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 18 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 19 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 20 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 22 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 23 v. v. CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 24 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 26 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 28 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 29 Carter Carter NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 31 Thurgood Thurgood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 32 Marshall Marshall NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 34 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 36 NAACP NAACP NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 37 Legal Legal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 38 Defense Defense NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 40 Educational Educational NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 41 Fund Fund NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 43 solicited solicit VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 44 expert expert NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 45 opinions opinion NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 46 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 47 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 48 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 15 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 2 12][13 12][13 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 5 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 7 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 8 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 11 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 12 Clark Clark NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 14 Floyd Floyd NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 16 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 17 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 19 weighed weigh VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 20 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 23 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 24 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 26 desegregation desegregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 29 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 30 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 31 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 32 interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 33 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 34 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 35 attenuate attenuate VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 36 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 37 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 39 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 40 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 41 amicus amicus JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 42 curiae curiae NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 43 brief brief NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 44 filed file VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 47 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 48 v. v. CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 49 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 50 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 16 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 5 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 7 claimed claim VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 10 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 13 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 14 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 16 optimistic optimistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 19 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 20 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 21 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 22 likely likely RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 23 gravitate gravitate VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 24 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 25 hostility hostility NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 26 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 27 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 28 friendship friendship NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 29 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 30 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 31 competitive competitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 32 parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 34 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 17 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 5 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 6 outlook outlook NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 8 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 9 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 12 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 13 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 15 increases increase NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 17 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 18 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 19 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 20 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 21 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 18 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 4 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 5 situated situate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 7 formulation formulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 11 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 13 broader broad JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 14 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 16 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 17 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 18 — — : en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 20 precursor precursor NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 22 interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 23 proximity proximity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 25 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 19 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 2 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 4 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 5 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 6 foment foment VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 7 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 9 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 11 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 12 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 17 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 18 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 19 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 21 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 22 facilitate facilitate VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 23 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 24 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 26 consequently consequently RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 27 reduce reduce VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 28 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 20 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 1 Conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 3 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 4 contact[edit contact[edit . en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 6 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 8 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 9 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 11 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 12 ’s ’s NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 13 framing framing NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 15 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 17 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 19 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 20 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 22 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 23 begun begin VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 24 discussing discuss VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 26 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 28 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 29 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 30 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 31 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 32 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 33 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 34 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 36 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 38 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 39 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 40 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 41 detrimental detrimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 42 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 43 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 44 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 21 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 4 Wilner Wilner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 6 Walkley Walkley NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 8 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 9 Cook Cook NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 11 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 12 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 13 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 16 Nature Nature NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 18 Prejudice Prejudice NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 20 studied study VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 21 segregation segregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 23 integration integration NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 25 housing housing NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 26 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 29 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 30 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 31 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 32 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 33 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 34 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 35 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 36 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 37 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 38 change change VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 39 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 41 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 22 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 1 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 3 assumption assumption NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 5 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 6 arises arise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 8 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 9 segregation segregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 12 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 15 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 16 diminish diminish VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 17 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 18 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 19 occupy occupy VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 20 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 22 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 24 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 25 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 28 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 30 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 31 share share NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 32 background background NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 33 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 34 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 35 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 37 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 39 gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 40 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 41 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 42 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 44 perceive perceive VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 45 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 46 interests interest NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 47 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 48 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 51 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 53 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 54 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 55 climate climate NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 56 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 57 … … NFP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 58 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 59 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 60 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 61 unfavorable unfavorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 62 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 63 interracial interracial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 64 association association NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 66 ”[17 ”[17 '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 67 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 68 Concurrently concurrently RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 70 Carolyn Carolyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 71 Sherif Sherif NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 72 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 73 Muzafer Muzafer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 74 Sherif Sherif NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 75 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 76 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 77 Robbers Robbers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 78 Cave Cave NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 79 experiment experiment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 81 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 82 illustration illustration NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 83 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 84 realistic realistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 85 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 86 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 23 87 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 5 Sherifs Sherifs NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 6 highlighted highlight VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 8 importance importance NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 10 superordinate superordinate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 11 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 13 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 14 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 15 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 16 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 19 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 21 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 22 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 23 weigh weigh VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 24 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 25 alongside alongside IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 26 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 27 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 28 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 30 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 31 amicus amicus JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 32 brief brief NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 33 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 34 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 35 v. v. CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 36 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 38 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 24 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 2 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 4 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 5 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 8 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 9 Prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 11 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 13 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 15 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 16 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 19 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 21 minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 22 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 25 pursuit pursuit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 27 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 28 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 25 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 2 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 4 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 5 enhanced enhance VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 6 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 8 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 10 sanctioned sanction VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 12 institutional institutional JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 13 supports support NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 15 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 18 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 20 custom custom NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 23 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 24 atmosphere atmosphere NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 28 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 30 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 33 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 34 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 35 leads lead VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 38 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 40 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 41 interests interest NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 43 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 44 humanity humanity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 45 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 46 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 49 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 50 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 26 52 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 1 — — : en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 2     _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 3 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 4 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 5 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 8 Nature Nature NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 10 Prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 12 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 14 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 16 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 18 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 19 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 20 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 22 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 23 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 24 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 25 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 26 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 29 Equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 30 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 27 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 3 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 4 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 5 equally equally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 8 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 28 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 1 Members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 4 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 5 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 7 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 8 backgrounds background NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 10 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 13 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 29 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 1 Differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 3 academic academic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 4 backgrounds background NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 6 wealth wealth NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 8 skill skill NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 11 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 12 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 14 minimized minimize VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 15 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 16 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 17 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 18 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 19 influence influence VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 20 perceptions perception NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 22 prestige prestige NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 24 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 27 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 30 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 31 1 Common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 31 2 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 31 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 3 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 4 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 7 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 8 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 9 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 11 share share VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 15 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 16 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 18 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 19 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 21 superordinate superordinate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 22 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 25 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 26 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 27 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 28 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 29 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 30 attained attain VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 31 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 33 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 35 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 37 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 38 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 39 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 40 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 42 pooling pool VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 43 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 44 efforts effort NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 46 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 32 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 33 1 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 33 2 cooperation cooperation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 33 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 3 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 4 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 5 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 8 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 9 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 10 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 11 competition competition NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 34 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 1 Groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 2 need need VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 4 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 5 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 8 pursuit pursuit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 10 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 11 goals goal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 35 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 1 Support support NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 3 authorities authority NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 5 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 7 customs custom NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 36 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 3 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 4 acknowledge acknowledge VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 6 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 8 supports support VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 12 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 15 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 37 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 2 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 3 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 4 encourage encourage VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 5 friendly friendly JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 7 helpful helpful JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 9 egalitarian egalitarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 10 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 12 condemn condemn NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 13 ingroup ingroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 15 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 16 comparisons comparison NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 38 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 1 Additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 3 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 4 specified specify VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 6 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 7 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 8 cooperation cooperation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 10 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 11 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 13 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 14 informal informal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 16 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 17 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 19 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 20 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 21 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 22 scaffold scaffold VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 23 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 24 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 25 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 26 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 29 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 31 cross cross NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 32 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 33 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 34 friendships friendship NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 39 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 1 Yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 3 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 5 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 7 casual casual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 10 superficial superficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 13 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 14 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 15 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 17 resort resort VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 19 stereotypes stereotype NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 40 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 5 largest large JJS en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 6 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 8 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 12 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 13 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 16 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 18 facilitating facilitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 21 essential essential JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 41 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 7 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 8 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 10 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 11 highlights highlight NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 13 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 14 configurations configuration NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 17 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 18 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 20 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 21 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 22 experimentally experimentally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 23 tested test VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 42 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 4 Psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 5 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 6 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 9 contact[edit contact[edit . en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 12 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 14 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 15 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 16 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 17 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 18 hypothesised hypothesise VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 20 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 21 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 23 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 24 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 25 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 27 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 29 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 30 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 32 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 33 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 34 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 43 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 1 Firstly firstly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 3 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 5 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 7 argued argue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 9 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 11 facilitates facilitate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 12 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 13 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 15 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 18 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 19 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 20 outgroup outgroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 21 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 22 leads lead VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 24 prejudice prejudice VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 25 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 44 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 4 Secondly secondly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 6 intergroup intergroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 7 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 9 believed believe VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 11 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 13 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 15 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 16 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 17 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 19 interacting interact VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 22 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 26 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 27 reduces reduce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 29 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 30 evaluations evaluation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 33 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 45 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 4 Thirdly thirdly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 6 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 7 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 9 hypothesised hypothesise VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 11 increase increase VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 12 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 14 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 16 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 18 perspective perspective NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 21 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 23 empathize empathize VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 26 concerns concern NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 46 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 4 Empirical empirical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 5 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 7 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 8 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 9 weak weak JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 10 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 12 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 14 outgroup outgroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 15 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 17 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 18 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 20 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 23 affective affective JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 24 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 26 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 27 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 29 outgroup outgroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 30 empathy empathy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 31 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 32 accumulated accumulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 33 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 34 empirical empirical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 35 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 47 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 5 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 7 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 8 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 9 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 11 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 13 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 16 reconceptualization reconceptualization NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 18 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 19 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 48 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 1 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 3 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 5 claimed claim VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 7 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 10 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 11 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 13 generalizations generalization NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 15 oversimplifications oversimplification NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 16 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 17 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 19 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 20 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 22 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 23 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 25 incomplete incomplete JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 27 mistaken mistaken JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 28 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 49 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 2 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 3 rationale rationale NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 5 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 6 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 9 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 11 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 12 learns learn VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 14 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 16 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 18 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 50 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 4 Rothbart Rothbart NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 6 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 8 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 10 describe describe VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 11 belief belief NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 12 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 18 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 21 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 22 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 23 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 26 attributes attribute NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 28 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 29 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 30 modify modify VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 31 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 32 attributes attribute NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 51 35 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 52 1 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 52 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 52 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 4 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 5 individual individual NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 7 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 8 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 10 modified modify VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 12 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 13 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 14 coming come VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 19 culturally culturally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 20 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 21 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 22 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 24 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 25 modifying modify VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 27 elaborating elaborate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 29 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 30 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 32 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 35 whole whole NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 53 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 4 fails fail VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 6 cure cure VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 7 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 10 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 11 create create VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 12 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 14 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 15 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 16 take take VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 17 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 54 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 1 Contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 2 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 3 need need VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 6 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 7 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 9 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 10 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 11 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 13 decrease decrease VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 17 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 20 conflicting conflict VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 21 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 23 feel feel VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 24 comfortable comfortable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 26 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 27 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 55 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 5 Additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 6 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 8 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 11 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 12 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 13 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 16 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 18 trade trade VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 19 insults insult NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 21 argue argue VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 23 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 26 resort resort VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 28 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 29 violence violence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 32 discriminate discriminate VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 33 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 34 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 35 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 37 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 38 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 39 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 40 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 41 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 42 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 43 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 44 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 45 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 46 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 47 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 56 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 1 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 2 obtain obtain VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 3 beneficial beneficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 4 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 7 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 8 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 9 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 10 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 57 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 2 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 4 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 5 contact[edit contact[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 7 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 8 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 10 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 11 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 12 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 14 intergroup intergroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 16 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 17 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 19 experimental experimental NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 22 correlational correlational JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 23 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 25 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 27 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 29 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 30 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 33 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 34 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 35 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 36 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 58 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 1 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 3 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 5 canonical canonical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 7 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 9 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 11 515 515 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 12 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 13 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 14 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 15 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 16 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 19 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 20 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 59 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 7 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 8 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 10 face face NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 14 face face NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 16 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 17 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 18 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 19 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 20 reduced reduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 21 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 24 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 25 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 26 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 27 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 30 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 31 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 32 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 33 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 34 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 60 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 4 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 7 beneficial beneficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 8 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 10 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 13 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 14 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 15 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 18 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 20 structured structure VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 22 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 23 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 24 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 25 facilitating facilitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 26 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 28 optimal optimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 29 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 61 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 2 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 4 Examples[edit examples[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 6 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 7 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 9 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 10 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 11 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 12 Americans[edit americans[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 15 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 17 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 18 contact contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 19 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 20 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 21 focused focus VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 23 reducing reduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 24 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 25 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 26 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 27 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 62 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 6 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 8 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 10 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 12 Jackson Jackson NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 14 Sellers Sellers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 17 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 19 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 21 investigated investigate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 23 amount amount NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 25 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 26 white white JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 27 athletes athlete NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 28 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 30 black black JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 31 teammates teammate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 33 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 35 athletes athlete NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 36 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 37 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 38 individual individual NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 40 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 41 sport sport NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 63 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 1 Team team NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 2 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 4 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 6 football football NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 8 basketball basketball NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 12 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 14 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 15 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 17 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 19 track track NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 21 swimming swimming NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 24 require require VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 25 teamwork teamwork NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 27 cooperative cooperative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 28 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 30 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 64 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 1 Results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 2 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 4 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 5 athletes athlete NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 6 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 7 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 8 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 9 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 10 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 11 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 12 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 13 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 14 athletes athlete NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 15 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 16 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 17 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 18 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 65 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 7 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 8 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 9 homosexuality[edit homosexuality[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 13 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 15 proven prove VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 18 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 19 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 21 alleviating alleviate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 22 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 23 directed direct VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 24 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 25 homosexuals homosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 66 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 4 Applying apply VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 6 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 7 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 9 heterosexuals heterosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 11 homosexuals homosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 13 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 15 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 17 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 19 college college NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 20 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 21 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 22 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 23 pleasant pleasant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 24 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 27 homosexual homosexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 28 tend tend NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 30 generalize generalize VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 32 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 33 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 35 accept accept VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 36 homosexuals homosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 39 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 67 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 4 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 6 Glunt Glunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 9 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 11 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 12 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 14 interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 17 heterosexuals heterosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 18 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 19 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 20 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 21 gay gay NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 22 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 23 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 25 increased increase VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 26 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 28 predicted predict VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 29 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 30 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 31 gay gay NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 32 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 33 better well RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 34 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 35 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 36 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 37 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 38 demographic demographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 40 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 41 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 42 variable variable NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 45 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 46   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 47 239 239 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 49 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 50 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 51 variables variable NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 52 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 53 gender gender NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 55 race race NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 57 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 59 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 61 geographic geographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 62 residence residence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 64 marital marital JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 65 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 67 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 69 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 71 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 72 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 73 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 74 ideology ideology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 68 75 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 4 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 6 Capitanio Capitanio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 8 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 10 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 13 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 15 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 17 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 18 homosexuals homosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 20 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 22 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 23 favorable favorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 24 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 25 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 27 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 28 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 30 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 31 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 32 individual individual NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 69 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 7 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 8 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 9 Muslims Muslims NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 11 Europe[edit europe[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 13 Savelkoul Savelkoul NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 14 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 15 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 70 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 2 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 5 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 6 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 9 Netherlands Netherlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 10 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 11 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 12 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 14 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 16 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 17 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 19 Muslims Muslims NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 71 21 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 1 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 2 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 3 exposed expose VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 5 unavoidable unavoidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 6 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 7 contacts contact NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 9 get get VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 10 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 14 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 15 experienced experienced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 18 integration integration NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 20 express express VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 21 lesser less JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 22 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 23 threats threat NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 72 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 4 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 6 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 8 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 9 contacts contact NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 11 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 12 colleagues colleague NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 13 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 14 reduce reduce VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 15 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 17 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 18 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 73 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 4 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 6 Novotny Novotny NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 8 Polonsky Polonsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 10 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 14 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 15 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 16 Czech Czech NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 18 Slovak Slovak NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 19 university university NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 20 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 21 documented document VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 22 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 23 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 24 contacts contact NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 26 Muslims Muslims NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 28 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 30 visiting visit VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 32 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 33 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 34 associate associate NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 36 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 37 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 38 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 39 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 40 Muslims Muslims NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 74 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 5 Agirdag Agirdag NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 6 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 7 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 75 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 2 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 4 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 6 Belgian belgian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 7 teachers teacher NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 8 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 10 schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 12 enroll enroll VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 14 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 15 share share NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 17 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 18 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 19 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 20 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 21 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 22 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 23 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 24 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 25 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 26 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 27 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 28 teachers teacher NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 76 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 2 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 7 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 8 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 9 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 11 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 12 States[edit states[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 14 Daniel Daniel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 15 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 16 Hopkins Hopkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 17 presented present VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 19 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 21 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 22 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 23 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 25 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 28 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 29 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 30 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 32 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 33 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 34 demographics demographic NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 35 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 36 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 38 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 40 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 41 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 42 immigrants immigrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 77 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 2 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 3 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 5 stereotyping stereotyping NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 7 immigrants immigrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 8 and/or and/or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 10 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 12 pro pro JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 14 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 16 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 17 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 78 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 2 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 5 shaped shape VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 7 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 9 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 10 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 11 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 12 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 13 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 16 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 17 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 79 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 2 believes believe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 5 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 8 necessarily necessarily RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 9 universal universal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 12 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 13 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 14 play play VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 16 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 19 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 21 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 80 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 2 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 4 Indirect Indirect NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 5 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 6 contact[edit contact[edit . en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 8 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 11 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 12 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 13 advances advance NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 15 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 17 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 18 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 21 growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 22 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 25 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 27 indirect indirect JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 29 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 30 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 31 face face JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 35 face face NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 36 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 37 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 38 strategies strategy NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 41 means means NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 42 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 43 improve improve VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 44 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 45 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 46 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 47 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 81 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 6 benefits benefit NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 8 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 9 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 11 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 13 empirically empirically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 14 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 16 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 17 implementation implementation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 19 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 21 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 82 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 5 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 6 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 8 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 10 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 11 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 13 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 14 residentially residentially RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 16 educationally educationally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 18 occupationally occupationally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 19 segregated segregate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 22 limits limit VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 24 opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 26 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 27 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 83 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 3 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 4 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 6 opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 8 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 9 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 12 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 14 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 16 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 17 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 18 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 20 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 22 hostile hostile JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 23 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 24 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 26 lead lead NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 29 avoidance avoidance NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 32 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 33 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 34 altogether altogether RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 84 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 1 Indirect indirect JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 2 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 4 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 6 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 8 Extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 9 contact[edit contact[edit , en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 12 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 13 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 14 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 16 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 18 Wright Wright NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 20 colleagues colleague NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 22 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 24 posits posit NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 25 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 26 knowing know VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 29 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 31 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 32 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 33 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 34 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 35 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 37 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 38 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 41 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 43 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 44 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 45 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 46 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 47 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 48 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 49 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 50 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 51 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 52 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 53 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 85 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 1 Correlational correlational JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 2 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 6 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 8 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 9 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 12 ingroup ingroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 13 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 16 outgroup outgroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 17 friend friend NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 18 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 19 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 20 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 21 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 22 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 23 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 25 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 26 experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 27 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 28 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 29 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 31 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 32 ingroup ingroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 33 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 34 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 35 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 36 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 37 creates create VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 39 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 40 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 41 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 86 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 6 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 7 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 8 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 9 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 10 proposal proposal NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 13 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 15 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 16 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 17 guided guide VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 18 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 19 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 20 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 23 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 24 find find VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 25 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 28 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 29 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 31 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 32 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 33 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 34 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 35 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 37 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 39 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 40 friendship friendship NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 41 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 42 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 43 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 87 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 2 37][38 37][38 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 6 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 7 vein vein NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 9 vicarious vicarious JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 11 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 12 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 13 observing observe VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 15 ingroup ingroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 16 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 17 interact interact VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 20 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 21 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 88 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 5 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 7 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 8 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 9 portrayals portrayal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 11 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 12 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 14 television television NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 16 radio radio NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 18 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 19 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 21 parasocial parasocial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 22 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 26 potential potential NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 28 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 30 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 32 millions million NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 34 viewers viewer NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 36 listeners listener NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 89 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 4 Imagined imagine VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 5 contact[edit contact[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 7 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 8 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 10 Imagined imagine VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 12 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 14 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 15 imagined imagine VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 17 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 18 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 20 put put VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 21 forward forward RP en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 23 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 90 24 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 1 Crisp Crisp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 3 Rhiannon Rhiannon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 4 Turner Turner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 6 2009)[41 2009)[41 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 9 proposes propose NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 11 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 12 imagining imagine VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 14 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 15 encounter encounter NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 18 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 20 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 22 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 23 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 24 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 25 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 26 promote promote VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 27 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 28 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 29 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 30 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 91 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 1 Electronic- Electronic- NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 2 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 3 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 4 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 5 contact[edit contact[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 7 Fiona Fiona NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 8 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 10 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 11 colleagues colleague NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 13 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 15 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 17 recently recently RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 18 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 19 Electronic- Electronic- NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 21 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 22 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 23 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 92 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 1 E e JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 4 involves involve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 6 ingroup ingroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 7 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 8 interacting interact VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 11 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 12 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 13 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 15 Internet[42][43 Internet[42][43 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 18 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 19 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 21 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 23 video video NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 25 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 28 mixture mixture NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 30 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 31 text- text- NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 33 video video NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 35 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 36 online online JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 37 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 93 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 1 Electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 2 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 5 empirically empirically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 6 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 8 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 9 inter inter JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 10 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 11 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 12 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 14 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 16 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 17 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 19 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 21 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 23 short[44 short[44 NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 26 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 27 term,[45 term,[45 ADD en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 29 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 30 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 31 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 32 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 34 Protestant protestant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 35 students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 37 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 38 Ireland Ireland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 94 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 2 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 6 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 8 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 9 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 11 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 13 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 14 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 16 interacting interact VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 17 online online RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 20 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 23 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 26 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 27 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 28 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 29 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 32 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 34 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 35 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 36 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 37 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 38 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 39 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 40 report report VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 41 ideologically ideologically RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 42 intolerant intolerant JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 43 beliefs belief NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 95 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 2 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 4 Additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 8 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 10 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 11 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 12 stigma stigma NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 14 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 15 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 16 experienced experience VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 18 brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 19 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 22 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 23 diagnosed diagnose VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 25 schizophrenia schizophrenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 26 reported report VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 27 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 28 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 30 anger anger NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 33 stereotyping stereotype VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 34 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 35 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 36 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 37 schizophrenia schizophrenia NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 39 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 40 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 41 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 43 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 44 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 96 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 2 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 4 Criticisms[edit criticisms[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 6 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 7 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 8 bodies body NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 10 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 11 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 13 devoted devote VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 15 examining examine VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 16 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 19 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 20 scientific scientific JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 21 reviews review NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 24 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 25 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 26 voice voice VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 27 skepticism skepticism NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 28 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 30 likelihood likelihood NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 32 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 33 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 34 optimal optimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 35 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 36 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 38 concert concert NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 42 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 44 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 46 generalizability generalizability NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 48 correlational correlational JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 49 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 51 lab lab NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 52 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 53 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 54 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 97 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 2 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 4 Null Null NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 5 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 7 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 9 research[edit research[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 11 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 13 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 14 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 16 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 18 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 19 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 20 inspired inspire VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 21 promise promise NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 23 Bertrand Bertrand NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 25 Duflo Duflo NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 27 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 29 find find VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 31 observational observational JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 32 correlations correlation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 33 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 34 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 35 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 37 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 38 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 39 prejudiced prejudiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 40 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 41 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 42 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 43 explained explain VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 44 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 45 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 47 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 48 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 49 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 50 prejudiced prejudiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 51 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 52 seek seek VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 53 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 54 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 98 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 2 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 4 Comparatively Comparatively NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 6 fewer few JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 7 controlled control VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 8 experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 9 studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 11 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 13 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 16 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 18 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 20 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 21 measure measure NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 22 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 23 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 24 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 25 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 26 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 27 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 28 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 29 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 31 leaving leave VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 33 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 36 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 37 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 38 investigates investigate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 40 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 42 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 43 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 45 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 99 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 1 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 5 experiments experiment NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 7 none none NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 8 measure measure VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 10 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 12 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 13 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 15 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 16 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 18 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 20 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 100 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 4 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 8 report report NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 11 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 12 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 13 Equality Equality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 15 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 16 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 17 Commission Commission NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 19 Dominic Dominic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 20 Abrams Abrams NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 21 highlights highlight VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 24 dearth dearth NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 26 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 28 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 29 longitudinal longitudinal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 30 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 32 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 34 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 35 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 36 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 101 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 4 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 5 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 6 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 7 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 10 light light NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 12 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 13 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 17 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 18 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 22 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 23 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 25 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 26 trouble trouble NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 29 unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 30 scaffolded scaffold VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 33 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 34 facilitating facilitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 35 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 36 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 37 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 39 distinguishing distinguish VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 40 casual casual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 41 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 43 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 44 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 45 acquaintance acquaintance NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 47 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 48 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 49 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 50 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 51 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 52 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 53 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 102 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 5 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 6 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 8 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 10 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 12 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 13 juxtaposed juxtapose VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 103 15 V.O. V.O. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 1 Key Key NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 3 examination examination NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 5 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 6 politics politic NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 9 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 11 racism racism NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 12 grew grow VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 14 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 15 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 17 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 18 concentrations concentration NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 20 black black JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 21 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 23 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 104 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 5 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 6 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 8 absent absent VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 10 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 11 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 13 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 16 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 18 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 19 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 20 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 21 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 23 namely namely RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 24 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 25 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 105 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 2 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 3 psychologists psychologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 5 converged converge VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 7 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 8 scientists scientist NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 10 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 11 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 106 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 4 Negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 5 contact[edit contact[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 7 Stefania Stefania NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 8 Paolini Paolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 10 Jake Jake NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 11 Harwood Harwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 14 Mark Mark NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 15 Rubin Rubin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 17 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 19 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 21 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 22 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 23 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 24 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 25 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 26 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 27 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 28 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 29 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 31 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 33 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 34 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 35 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 36 outgroup outgroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 37 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 38 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 39 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 40 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 41 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 42 salient salient NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 43 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 44 encounters,[54 encounters,[54 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 47 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 48 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 49 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 107 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 1 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 2 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 3 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 5 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 6 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 7 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 8 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 10 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 11 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 13 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 14 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 15 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 19 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 20 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 21 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 23 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 24 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 26 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 27 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 28 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 29 encounters encounter NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 32 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 33 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 34 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 35 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 108 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 2 55][56 55][56 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 4 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 5 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 7 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 9 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 11 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 12 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 14 out out JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 16 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 17 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 18 moderates moderate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 19 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 21 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 22 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 23 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 24 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 25 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 26 experiences experience NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 28 out out JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 30 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 31 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 34 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 35 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 37 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 38 discrepancy discrepancy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 39 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 41 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 43 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 45 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 46 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 109 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 2 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 5 also[edit also[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 7 Betsy Betsy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 8 Levy Levy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 9 Paluck Paluck NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 10 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 11 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 12 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 14 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 15 Desegregation Desegregation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 16 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 17 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 18 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 19 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 20 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 21 dialogue dialogue NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 22 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 23 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 24 Kenneth Kenneth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 26 Mamie Mamie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 27 Clark Clark NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 28 Parasocial Parasocial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 29 interaction interaction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 30 Prejudice Prejudice NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 31 Realistic realistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 32 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 33 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 34 Stereotype Stereotype NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 35 Cross cross JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 36 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 37 race race NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 38 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 39 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 41 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 43 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 44 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 45 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 46 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 47 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 48 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 50 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 51 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 53 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 110 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 111 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 111 2 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 111 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 111 4 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 111 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 5 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 6 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 7 ^ ^ VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 9 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 10 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 12 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 13 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 15 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 17 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 18 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 20 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 112 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 3 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 5 analytic analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 6 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 113 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 3 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 5 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 114 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 1 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 6 751–783 751–783 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 115 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 116 1 doi:10.1037/0022 doi:10.1037/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 116 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 116 3 3514.90.5.751 3514.90.5.751 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 116 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 117 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 117 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 117 3 16737372 16737372 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 117 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 2 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 7 Hewstone Hewstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 9 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 11 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 118 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 2 integrative integrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 3 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 5 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 6 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 119 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 2 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 3 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 4 Zanna Zanna NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 6 Ed Ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 120 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 3 Advances advance NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 5 experimental experimental JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 6 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 7 psychology psychology NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 9 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 121 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 122 1 37,pp 37,pp ADD en-wikipedia-org-9425 122 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 123 1 255–343 255–343 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 123 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 123 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 1 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 2 Diego Diego NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 4 CA CA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 6 Elsevier Elsevier NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 7 Academic Academic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 8 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 124 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 2 Wright Wright NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 5 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 7 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 125 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 1 Cross cross JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 3 group group NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 126 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 2 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 3 Otten Otten NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 5 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 6 Kessler Kessler NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 8 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 9 Sassenberg Sassenberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 11 Eds Eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 127 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 3 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 4 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 7 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 9 emotion emotion NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 11 motivation motivation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 128 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 129 1 262–283 262–283 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 129 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 129 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 4 NY NY NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 7 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 130 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 5 Paluck Paluck NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 7 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 8 Levy Levy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 10 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 12 Seth Seth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 13 Ariel Ariel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 15 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 17 Donald Donald NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 19 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 131 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 5 re re NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 6 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 7 evaluated evaluated JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 132 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 133 1 Behavioural Behavioural NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 133 2 Public Public NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 133 3 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 133 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 6 129–158 129–158 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 134 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 135 1 doi:10.1017 doi:10.1017 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 135 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 135 3 bpp.2018.25 bpp.2018.25 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 135 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 2 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 4 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 5 Earnest Earnest NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 7 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 136 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 137 1 Negro negro JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 137 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9425 137 3 White white JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 137 4 adjustment adjustment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 137 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 4 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 138 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 139 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 139 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 139 3 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 139 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 2 Lett Lett NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 4 H H NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 6 1945 1945 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 140 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 2 Techniques technique NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 4 achieving achieve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 5 interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 6 cooperation cooperation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 141 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 1 Proceedings Proceedings NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 4 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 6 Race Race NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 7 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 9 Community Community NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 10 Organization Organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 142 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 1 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 5 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 8 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 9 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 11 Race Race NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 12 Relations Relations NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 143 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 2 Brameld Brameld NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 4 T T NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 6 1946 1946 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 144 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 1 Minority minority NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 2 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 5 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 6 schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 145 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 146 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 146 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 146 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 146 4 Harper Harper NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 146 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 2 Williams Williams NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 7 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 147 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 2 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 4 intergroup intergroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 5 tensions tension NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 148 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 5 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 6 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 7 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 149 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 2 Brophy Brophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 4 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 5 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 7 1946 1946 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 150 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 3 luxury luxury NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 5 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 6 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 7 Negro negro JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 8 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 151 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 152 1 Public Public NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 152 2 Opinion Opinion NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 152 3 Quarterly Quarterly NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 152 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 1 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 6 456–466 456–466 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 153 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 154 1 doi:10.1086/265762 doi:10.1086/265762 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 154 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 2 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 4 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 6 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 8 M m NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 10 1951 1951 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 155 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 1 Interracial interracial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 2 housing housing NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 5 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 6 evaluation evaluation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 9 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 10 experiment experiment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 156 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 1 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 5 Minnesota Minnesota NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 157 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 2 Kluger Kluger NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 4 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 6 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 158 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 1 Simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 2 Justice Justice NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 7 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 8 v. v. CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 9 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 11 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 13 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 14 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 16 Struggle Struggle NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 18 Equality equality NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 159 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 160 1 Vintage Vintage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 160 2 Books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 160 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 161 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 161 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 161 3 9781400030613 9781400030613 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 161 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 2 Wrightsman Wrightsman NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 4 Lawrence Lawrence NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 6 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 162 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 1 Oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 2 Arguments argument NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 3 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 5 Supreme Supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 6 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 8 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 9 Empirical Empirical NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 10 Approach Approach NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 163 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 164 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 164 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 164 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 164 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 5 0195368628 0195368628 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 165 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 2 Allport Allport NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 4 Floyd Floyd NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 6 1953 1953 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 166 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 3 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 5 segregation segregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 8 consequences consequence NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 10 desegregation desegregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 13 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 14 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 15 statement statement NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 167 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 168 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 168 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 168 3 Negro Negro NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 168 4 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 168 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 1 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 6 68–76 68–76 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 169 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 170 1 doi:10.2307/2293629 doi:10.2307/2293629 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 170 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 171 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 171 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 171 3 2293629 2293629 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 171 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 172 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 172 2 Amir Amir NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 172 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 172 4 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 173 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 173 2 1976 1976 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 173 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 173 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 2 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 4 intergroup intergroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 8 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 10 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 12 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 13 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 174 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 175 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 175 2 P.A. P.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 176 1 Katz Katz NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 176 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 176 3 Ed Ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 176 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 3 Towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 5 elimination elimination NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 7 racism racism NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 177 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 1 245 245 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 3 308).New 308).new CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 4 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 6 Pergamon Pergamon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 178 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 2 Chein Chein NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 4 Isidor Isidor NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 6 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 179 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 2 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 5 psychological psychological JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 6 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 8 segregation segregation NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 9 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 10 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 12 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 13 facilities facility NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 14 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 180 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 1 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 4 Opinion Opinion NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 6 Attitude Attitude NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 7 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 181 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 182 1 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 182 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 182 3 229–234 229–234 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 182 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 2 Wilner Wilner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 4 Daniel Daniel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 7 Walkley Walkley NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 9 Rosabelle Rosabelle NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 10 Price Price NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 12 Cook Cook NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 14 Stuart Stuart NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 15 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 17 1952 1952 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 183 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 2 Residential Residential NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 3 Proximity Proximity NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 5 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 6 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 8 Public Public NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 9 Housing Housing NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 10 Projects Projects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 184 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 185 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 185 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 185 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 185 4 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 185 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 186 1 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 186 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 186 3 45–69 45–69 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 186 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 3 j.1540 j.1540 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 5 4560.1952.tb01593.x 4560.1952.tb01593.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 187 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 2 Sherif Sherif NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 4 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 5 ; ; NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 6 Harvey Harvey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 188 8 O.J. O.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 189 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 189 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 189 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 189 4 B.J. B.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 2 Hood Hood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 4 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 6 Sherif Sherif NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 190 8 C.W. C.W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 191 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 191 2 1961 1961 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 191 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 191 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 1 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 2 Conflict Conflict NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 4 Cooperation Cooperation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 7 Robbers Robbers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 8 Cave Cave NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 9 Experiment Experiment NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 192 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 1 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 3 OK ok UH en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 7 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 8 Exchange Exchange NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 193 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 194 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 194 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 195 1 155–184 155–184 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 195 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 2 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 4 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 7 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 9 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 10 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 12 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 196 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 3 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 5 analytic analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 6 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 197 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 3 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 5 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 198 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 1 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 6 751–783 751–783 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 199 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 200 1 doi:10.1037/0022 doi:10.1037/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 200 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 200 3 3514.90.5.751 3514.90.5.751 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 200 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 201 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 201 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 201 3 16737372 16737372 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 201 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 2 Stephan Stephan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 4 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 5 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 7 Stephan Stephan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 9 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 10 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 12 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 202 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 203 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 203 2 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 203 3 anxiety anxiety NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 203 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 203 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 204 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 204 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 204 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 204 4 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 204 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 1 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 6 157–175 157–175 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 205 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 3 j.1540 j.1540 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 5 4560.1985.tb01134.x 4560.1985.tb01134.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 206 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 2 Stephan Stephan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 4 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 5 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 7 Finlay Finlay NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 9 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 11 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 207 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 3 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 5 empathy empathy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 7 improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 9 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 208 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 209 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 209 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 209 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 209 4 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 209 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 1 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 6 729–743 729–743 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 210 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 211 1 doi:10.1111/0022 doi:10.1111/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 211 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 211 3 4537.00144 4537.00144 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 211 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 2 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 4 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 7 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 9 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 10 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 12 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 212 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 2 How how WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 3 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 4 intergroup intergroup VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 6 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 7 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 213 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 1 Meta‐analytic meta‐analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 2 tests test NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 4 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 5 mediators mediator NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 214 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 215 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 1 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 6 922–934 922–934 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 216 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 217 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 217 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 217 3 ejsp.504 ejsp.504 ADD en-wikipedia-org-9425 217 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 2 Rothbart Rothbart NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 4 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 6 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 8 O. O. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 9 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 11 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 218 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 2 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 3 categorization categorization NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 5 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 6 episodes episode NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 9 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 10 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 13 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 15 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 219 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 220 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 220 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 220 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 220 4 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 220 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 1 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 6 81–104 81–104 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 221 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 3 j.1540 j.1540 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 5 4560.1985.tb01130.x 4560.1985.tb01130.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 222 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 2 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 4 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 7 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 9 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 10 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 12 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 223 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 3 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 5 analytic analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 6 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 224 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 3 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 5 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 225 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 1 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 6 751–783 751–783 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 226 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 227 1 doi:10.1037/0022 doi:10.1037/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 227 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 227 3 3514.90.5.751 3514.90.5.751 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 227 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 228 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 228 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 228 3 16737372 16737372 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 228 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 2 Pettigrew Pettigrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 4 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 7 Tropp Tropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 9 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 10 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 12 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 229 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 3 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 5 analytic analytic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 6 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 8 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 9 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 230 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 3 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 5 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 231 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 1 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 6 751–783 751–783 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 232 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 233 1 doi:10.1037/0022 doi:10.1037/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 233 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 233 3 3514.90.5.751 3514.90.5.751 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 233 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 234 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 234 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 234 3 16737372 16737372 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 234 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 2 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 4 K.T K.T NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 6 Brown Brown NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 235 8 T.N. T.N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 236 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 236 2 Jackson Jackson NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 236 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 236 4 J.S. J.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 237 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 237 2 Sellers Sellers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 237 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 237 4 R.M. R.M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 238 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 238 2 Manuel Manuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 238 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 238 4 W.J. W.J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 239 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 239 2 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 239 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 239 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 2 Teammates teammate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 5 off off IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 7 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 240 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 1 Contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 3 Black black JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 4 teammates teammate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 7 racial racial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 8 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 10 White white JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 11 student student NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 12 athletes athlete NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 241 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 3 Applied Applied NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 242 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 1 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 6 1379–1403 1379–1403 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 243 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 3 j.1559 j.1559 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 5 1816.2003.tb01954.x 1816.2003.tb01954.x NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 244 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 7 Axelton Axelton NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 9 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 10 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 12 Saucier Saucier NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 14 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 245 15 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 246 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 246 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 246 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 246 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 3 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 7 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 8 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 11 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 13 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 247 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 248 1 Sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 248 2 Roles Roles NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 248 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 1 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 3 3–4 3–4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 6 178–191 178–191 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 249 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 3 s11199 s11199 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 5 009 009 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 7 9627 9627 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 250 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 251 1 S2CID S2CID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 251 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 251 3 54854303 54854303 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 251 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 2 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 4 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 7 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 252 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 3 instrumentality instrumentality NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 5 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 7 Toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 9 neofunctional neofunctional JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 10 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 253 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 254 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 254 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 254 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 254 4 Issues Issues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 254 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 1 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 6 99–114 99–114 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 255 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 3 j.1540 j.1540 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 5 4560.1986.tb00227.x 4560.1986.tb00227.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 256 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 2 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 4 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 7 Glunt Glunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 9 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 10 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 12 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 257 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 2 Interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 5 heterosexuals heterosexual NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 6 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 7 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 8 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 9 gay gay JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 10 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 12 Results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 15 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 16 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 258 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 259 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 259 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 259 3 Sex Sex NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 259 4 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 259 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 1 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 6 239–244 239–244 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 260 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 261 1 doi:10.1080/00224499309551707 doi:10.1080/00224499309551707 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 261 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 2 Herek Herek NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 4 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 5 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 7 Capitanio Capitanio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 9 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 10 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 12 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 262 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 2 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 4 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 5 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 6 friends friend NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 9 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 10 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 12 concealable concealable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 13 stigma stigma NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 16 heterosexuals heterosexuals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 17 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 18 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 19 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 20 gay gay NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 21 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 23 lesbians lesbian VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 24 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 263 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 264 1 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 264 2 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 264 3 Bulletin Bulletin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 264 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 1 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 6 412–424 412–424 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 265 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 266 1 doi:10.1177/0146167296224007 doi:10.1177/0146167296224007 FW en-wikipedia-org-9425 266 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 267 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 267 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 267 3 145657548 145657548 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 267 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 2 Savelkoul Savelkoul NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 4 Scheepers Scheepers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 6 Tolsma Tolsma NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 8 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 10 Hagendoorn Hagendoorn NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 12 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 14 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 268 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 2 Anti Anti NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 3 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 4 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 5 Attitudes Attitudes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 8 Netherlands Netherlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 10 Tests test NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 12 Contradictory contradictory JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 13 Hypotheses hypothesis NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 14 Derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 16 Ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 17 Competition Competition NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 18 Theory Theory NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 20 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 21 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 22 Theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 25 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 269 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 270 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 270 2 Sociological Sociological NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 270 3 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 270 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 1 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 6 741–758 741–758 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 271 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 1 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 3 esr esr NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 5 jcq035 jcq035 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 272 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 273 1 hdl:2066/99505 hdl:2066/99505 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 273 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 2 Novotny Novotny NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 4 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 6 Polonsky Polonsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 8 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 10 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 274 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 3 Level level NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 5 Knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 6 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 7 Islam Islam NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 9 Perception Perception NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 11 Islam Islam NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 12 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 13 Czech Czech NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 15 Slovak Slovak NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 16 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 17 Students Students NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 19 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 20 Ignorance Ignorance NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 21 Determine Determine NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 22 Subjective subjective JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 23 Attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 24 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-9425 275 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 276 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 276 2 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 276 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 276 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 277 1 Sociológia Sociológia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 277 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 1 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 6 674–696 674–696 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 278 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 2 Agirdag Agirdag NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 4 Orhan Orhan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 6 Loobuyck Loobuyck NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 8 Patrick Patrick NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 10 Van Van NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 11 Houtte Houtte NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 13 Mieke Mieke NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 15 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 279 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 2 Determinants determinant NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 4 Attitudes Attitudes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 5 Toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 6 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 7 Students student NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 8 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 9 Flemish flemish JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 10 Teachers Teachers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 13 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 14 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 280 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 4 Scientific Scientific NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 5 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 7 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 281 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 1 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 6 368–376 368–376 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 282 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 3 j.1468 j.1468 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 5 5906.2012.01637.x 5906.2012.01637.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 283 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 284 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 284 2 Hopkins Hopkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 284 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 284 4 Daniel Daniel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 284 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 285 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 285 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 285 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 285 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 2 Politicized politicized JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 3 Places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 5 Explaining explain VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 6 Where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 8 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 9 Immigrants Immigrants NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 10 Provoke Provoke NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 11 Local Local NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 12 Opposition Opposition NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 286 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 287 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 287 2 Political Political NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 287 3 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 287 4 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 287 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 1 104 104 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 6 40–60 40–60 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 288 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 1 CiteSeerX CiteSeerX NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 3 10.1.1.500.3856 10.1.1.500.3856 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 5 doi:10.1017 doi:10.1017 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 7 S0003055409990360 S0003055409990360 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 289 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 3 1537 1537 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 5 5943 5943 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 290 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 2 Dovidio Dovidio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 4 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 7 Eller Eller NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 9 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 11 Hewstone Hewstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 13 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 15 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 291 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 2 Improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 4 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 5 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 6 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 8 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 11 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 13 indirect indirect JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 292 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 1 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 2 Processes Processes NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 5 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 293 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 1 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 6 147–160 147–160 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 294 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 295 1 doi:10.1177/1368430210390555 doi:10.1177/1368430210390555 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 295 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 296 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 296 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 296 3 146140467 146140467 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 296 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 2 Wright Wright NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 5 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 7 Aron Aron NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 9 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 11 McLaughlin McLaughlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 13 Volpe Volpe NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 15 T. t. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 17 Ropp Ropp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 19 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 297 20 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 298 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 298 2 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 298 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 298 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 3 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 5 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 7 Knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 9 cross cross JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 10 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 11 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 12 friendships friendship NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 14 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 299 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 3 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 5 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 6 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 300 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 301 1 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 301 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 301 3 73–90 73–90 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 301 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 302 1 doi:10.1037/0022 doi:10.1037/0022 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 302 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 302 3 3514.73.1.73 3514.73.1.73 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 302 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 2 Vezzali Vezzali NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 4 Loris Loris NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 6 Hewstone Hewstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 8 Miles Miles NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 10 Capozza Capozza NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 12 Dora Dora NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 14 Giovanni Giovanni NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 16 Dino Dino NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 18 Wolfer Wolfer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 20 Ralf Ralf NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 22 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 303 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 2 Improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 4 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 6 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 8 vicarious vicarious JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 9 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 11 indirect indirect JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 304 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 2 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 305 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 306 1 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 306 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 306 3 314–389 314–389 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 306 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 307 1 doi:10.1080/10463283.2014.982948 doi:10.1080/10463283.2014.982948 RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 307 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 308 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 308 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 308 3 145419078 145419078 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 308 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 2 Zhou Zhou NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 4 Shelly Shelly NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 6 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 8 Gould Gould NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 10 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 12 Aron Aron NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 14 Arthur Arthur NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 16 Moyer Moyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 18 Anne Anne NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 20 Hewstone Hewstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 22 Miles Miles NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 24 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 309 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 3 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 5 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 7 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 8 meta meta JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 10 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 12 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 13 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 15 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 310 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 1 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 5 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 311 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 1 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 6 132–160 132–160 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 312 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 313 1 doi:10.1177/1088868318762647 doi:10.1177/1088868318762647 JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 313 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 314 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 314 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 314 3 29671374 29671374 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 314 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 315 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 315 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 315 3 4934435 4934435 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 315 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 2 Mazziotta Mazziotta NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 4 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 6 Mummendey Mummendey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 8 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 10 Wright Wright NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 12 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 13 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 15 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 316 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 2 Vicarious vicarious JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 5 effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 7 Applying apply VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 8 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 10 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 11 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 13 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 15 research research NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 18 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 317 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 1 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 2 Processes Processes NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 5 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 318 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 1 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 6 255–274 255–274 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 319 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 320 1 doi:10.1177/1368430210390533 doi:10.1177/1368430210390533 NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 320 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 321 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 321 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 321 3 145338778 145338778 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 321 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 2 Schiappa Schiappa NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 4 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 6 Gregg Gregg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 8 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 10 Hewes Hewes NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 12 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 14 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 322 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 3 Parasocial Parasocial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 4 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 5 Hypothesis Hypothesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 323 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 324 1 Communication Communication NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 324 2 Monographs Monographs NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 324 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 325 1 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 325 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 325 3 92–115 92–115 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 325 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 326 1 doi:10.1080/0363775052000342544 doi:10.1080/0363775052000342544 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 326 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 327 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 327 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 327 3 16757173 16757173 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 327 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 2 Crisp Crisp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 7 Turner Turner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 9 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 10 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 12 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 328 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 2 Can Can MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 3 imagined imagine VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 4 interactions interaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 5 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 6 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 7 perceptions perception NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 329 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 1 Reducing reduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 2 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 3 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 4 simulated simulate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 5 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 6 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 330 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 331 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 331 2 Psychologist Psychologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 331 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 1 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 6 231–240 231–240 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 332 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 333 1 doi:10.1037 doi:10.1037 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 333 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 333 3 a0014718 a0014718 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 333 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 334 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 334 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 334 3 19449982 19449982 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 334 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 5 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 7 Abu Abu NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 9 Rayya Rayya NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 11 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 13 Harvey Harvey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 15 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 335 16 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 336 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 336 2 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 336 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 336 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 2 Improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 4 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 7 Internet internet NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 8 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 11 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 12 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 337 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 338 1 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 338 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 338 3 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 338 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 338 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 1 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 6 129–139 129–139 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 339 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 340 1 doi:10.1037 doi:10.1037 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 340 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 340 3 gpr0000036 gpr0000036 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 340 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 341 1 S2CID S2CID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 341 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 341 3 149754319 149754319 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 341 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 2 Amichai Amichai NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 4 Hamburger Hamburger NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 6 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 8 McKenna McKenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 10 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 342 11 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 343 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 343 2 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 343 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 343 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 5 reconsidered reconsider VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 7 Interacting interact VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 8 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 10 Internet internet NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 344 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 3 Computer Computer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 5 Mediated mediate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 6 Communication Communication NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 345 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 1 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 6 825–843 825–843 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 346 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 3 j.1083 j.1083 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 5 6101.2006.00037.x 6101.2006.00037.x CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 347 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 5 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 7 Abu Abu NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 9 Rayya Rayya NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 11 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 13 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 348 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 3 dual dual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 4 identity identity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 6 electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 7 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 9 DIEC DIEC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 11 experiment experiment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 12 promoting promote VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 13 short- short- NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 15 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 17 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 18 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 19 harmony harmony NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 349 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 3 Experimental Experimental NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 350 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 1 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 6 597–608 597–608 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 351 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 352 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 352 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 352 3 j.jesp.2012.01.007 j.jesp.2012.01.007 JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 352 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 5 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 7 Abu Abu NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 9 Rayya Rayya NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 11 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 13 Weitzel Weitzel NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 15 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 17 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 353 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 2 Achieving achieve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 3 twelve twelve CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 5 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 7 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 8 bias bias NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 9 reduction reduction NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 12 dual dual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 13 identity identity NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 15 electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 16 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 18 DIEC DIEC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 20 experiment experiment NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 354 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 1 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 4 Intercultural Intercultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 5 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 355 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 356 1 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 356 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 356 3 158–163 158–163 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 356 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 357 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 357 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 357 3 j.ijintrel.2013.08.002 j.ijintrel.2013.08.002 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 357 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 5 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 7 Turner Turner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 9 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 10 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 12 Verrelli Verrelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 14 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 16 Harvey Harvey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 18 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 19 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 21 Hanna Hanna NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 23 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 24 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 26 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 358 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 2 Improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 4 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 6 Catholics Catholics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 8 Protestants Protestants NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 10 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 11 Ireland Ireland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 12 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 13 E‐contact E‐contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 16 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 359 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 360 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 1 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 6 429–438 429–438 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 361 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 362 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 362 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 362 3 ejsp.2515 ejsp.2515 NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 362 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 2 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 5 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 7 Verrelli Verrelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 9 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 11 Maunder Maunder NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 13 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 14 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 16 Kervinen Kervinen NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 363 18 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 364 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 364 2 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 364 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 364 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 2 Using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 3 electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 6 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 7 homonegative homonegative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 8 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 10 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 13 behavioral behavioral JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 14 intentions intention NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 15 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 16 heterosexual heterosexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 17 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 19 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 21 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 22 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 23 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 26 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 27 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 365 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 4 Sex Sex NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 5 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 366 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 1 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 6 1179–1191 1179–1191 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 367 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 368 1 doi:10.1080/00224499.2018.1491943 doi:10.1080/00224499.2018.1491943 JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 368 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 369 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 369 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 369 3 30019950 30019950 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 369 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 370 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 370 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 370 3 51678207 51678207 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 370 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 2 Maunder Maunder NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 5 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 7 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 9 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 10 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 12 Verrelli Verrelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 14 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 16 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 371 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 2 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 3 avenues avenue NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 5 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 6 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 8 Using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 9 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 10 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 11 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 13 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 14 emotions emotion NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 16 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 17 stereotyping stereotype VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 19 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 20 distancing distancing NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 21 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 22 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 24 schizophrenia schizophrenia NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 372 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 1 Group Group NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 2 Processes Processes NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 4 Intergroup Intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 5 Relations Relations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 373 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 1 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 6 947–963 947–963 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 374 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 375 1 doi:10.1177/1368430218794873 doi:10.1177/1368430218794873 RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 375 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 376 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 376 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 376 3 150208243 150208243 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 376 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 2 Dixon Dixon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 6 Durrheim Durrheim NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 8 Kevin Kevin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 10 Tredoux Tredoux NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 12 Colin Colin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 14 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 377 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 2 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 4 optimal optimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 6 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 9 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 10 check check NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 13 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 14 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 378 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 379 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 379 2 Psychologist Psychologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 379 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 1 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 3 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 6 697–711 697–711 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 380 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 381 1 doi:10.1037/0003 doi:10.1037/0003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 381 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 381 3 066X.60.7.697 066x.60.7.697 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 381 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 382 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 382 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 382 3 16221003 16221003 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 382 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 2 Bertrand Bertrand NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 4 Marianne Marianne NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 6 Duflo Duflo NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 8 Esther Esther NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 10 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 383 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 384 1 Field field NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 384 2 Experiments experiment NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 384 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 384 4 Discrimination discrimination NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 384 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 1 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 3 Economic Economic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 4 Field Field NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 5 Experiments Experiments NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 385 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 386 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-9425 386 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 386 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 386 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 387 1 309–393 309–393 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 387 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 388 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 388 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 388 3 bs.hefe.2016.08.004 bs.hefe.2016.08.004 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 388 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 389 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 389 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 389 3 9780444633248 9780444633248 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 389 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 390 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 390 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 390 3 111405000 111405000 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 390 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 2 Abrams Abrams NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 4 Dominic Dominic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 6 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 391 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 2 Processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 4 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 6 Theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 8 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 10 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 392 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 393 1 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 393 2 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 393 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 393 4 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 393 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 394 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 394 2 Key Key NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 394 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 394 4 V. V. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 394 5 O. O. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 395 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 395 2 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 395 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 395 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 1 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 2 Politics Politics NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 4 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 6 Nation Nation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 396 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 397 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 397 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 397 3 Tennessee Tennessee NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 397 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 397 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 398 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 398 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 398 3 9780870494352 9780870494352 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 398 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 2 Enos Enos NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 4 Ryan Ryan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 6 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 399 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 2 Space Space NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 3 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 4 Us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 6 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 7 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 9 Politics Politics NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 400 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 401 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 401 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 401 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 401 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 5 1108420648 1108420648 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 402 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 2 Paolini Paolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 6 Harwood Harwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 8 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 10 Rubin Rubin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 12 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 14 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 403 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 2 Negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 5 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 6 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 7 memberships membership NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 8 salient salient NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 10 Explaining explain VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 11 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 12 intergroup intergroup NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 13 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 14 endures endure NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 404 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 1 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 5 Bulletin Bulletin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 405 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 6 1723–1738 1723–1738 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 406 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 1 CiteSeerX CiteSeerX NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 3 10.1.1.1004.4213 10.1.1.1004.4213 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 5 doi:10.1177/0146167210388667 doi:10.1177/0146167210388667 VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 407 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 408 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 408 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 408 3 21051766 21051766 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 408 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 409 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 409 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 409 3 23829651 23829651 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 409 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 2 Barlow Barlow NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 5 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 7 Paolini Paolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 9 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 11 Pedersen Pedersen NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 13 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 15 Hornsey Hornsey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 17 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 18 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 20 Radke Radke NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 22 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 23 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 24 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 26 Harwood Harwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 28 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 30 Rubin Rubin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 32 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 33 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 34 Sibley Sibley NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 36 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 37 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 39 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 410 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 3 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 4 caveat caveat NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 6 Negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 7 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 8 predicts predict NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 9 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 10 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 13 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 14 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 15 predicts predict NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 16 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 17 prejudice prejudice NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 411 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 1 Personality Personality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 3 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 4 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 5 Bulletin Bulletin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 412 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 1 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 6 1629–1643 1629–1643 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 413 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 414 1 doi:10.1177/0146167212457953 doi:10.1177/0146167212457953 NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 414 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 415 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 415 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 415 3 22941796 22941796 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 415 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 416 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 416 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 416 3 24346499 24346499 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 416 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 2 Graf Graf NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 6 Paolini Paolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 8 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 10 Rubin Rubin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 12 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 14 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 417 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 2 Negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 3 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 4 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 7 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 10 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 11 intergroup intergroup NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 12 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 14 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 15 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 17 Assessing assess VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 18 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 19 prominence prominence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 21 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 22 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 24 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 25 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 26 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 27 countries country NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 418 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 419 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 1 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 6 536–547 536–547 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 420 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 421 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 421 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 421 3 ejsp.2052 ejsp.2052 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 421 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 2 Paolini Paolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 6 Harwood Harwood NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 8 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 10 Rubin Rubin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 12 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 14 Husnu Husnu NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 16 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 18 Joyce Joyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 20 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 22 Hewstone Hewstone NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 24 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 26 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 422 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 2 Positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 4 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 5 intergroup intergroup JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 6 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 9 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 10 buffers buffer NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 11 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 13 disproportionate disproportionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 14 impact impact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 16 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 17 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 20 present present NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 423 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 1 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 4 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 5 Psychology Psychology NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 424 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 1 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 6 548–562 548–562 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 425 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 426 1 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 426 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 426 3 ejsp.2029 ejsp.2029 NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 426 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 1 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 4 Learning learning NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 5 materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 6 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 8 Contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 9 hypothesis hypothesis NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 11 Wikiversity Wikiversity NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 12 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 15 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Contact_hypothesis&oldid=993545673 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Contact_hypothesis&oldid=993545673 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 17 Categories Categories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 19 Group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 20 processes process VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 21 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 22 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 24 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 25 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 27 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 28 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 29 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 30 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 31 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 32 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 34 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 35 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 36 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 37 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 38 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 39 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 40 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 41 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 43 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 44 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 45 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 46 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 47 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 49 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 50 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 51 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 52 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 53 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 54 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 55 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 56 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 57 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 58 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 59 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 60 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 61 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 62 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 63 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 64 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 65 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 66 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 67 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 68 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 69 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 70 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 71 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 72 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 73 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 74 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 75 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 76 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 77 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 78 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 79 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 80 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 81 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 82 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 83 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 84 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 85 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 86 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 87 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 88 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 89 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 90 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 91 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 92 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 93 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 94 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 95 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 96 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 97 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 98 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 99 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 100 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 101 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 102 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 103 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 104 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 105 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 106 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 107 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 108 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 109 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 110 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 111 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 112 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 113 Kiswahili Kiswahili NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 114 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 115 Türkçe Türkçe NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 116 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 117 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 118 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 119 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 120 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 121 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 122 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 123 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 124 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 125 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 126 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 127 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 128 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 129 04:34 04:34 CD en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 130   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 131 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 132 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 133 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9425 427 134 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-9425 428 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 429 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 9 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 10 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 12 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 430 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9425 431 13 statement statement NN