Frustration - Wikipedia Frustration From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Common emotional response to opposition, related to anger, annoyance and disappointment This article is about the emotional response of frustration. For other uses, see Frustration (disambiguation). Part of a series on Emotions Acceptance Affection Amusement Anger Angst Anguish Annoyance Anticipation Anxiety Apathy Arousal Awe Boredom Confidence Contempt Contentment Courage Curiosity Depression Desire Disappointment Disgust Distrust Doubt Ecstasy Embarrassment Empathy Enthusiasm Envy Euphoria Faith Fear Frustration Gratification Gratitude Greed Grief Guilt Happiness Hatred Hope Horror Hostility Humiliation Interest Jealousy Joy Kindness Loneliness Love Lust Nostalgia Outrage Panic Passion Pity Pleasure Pride Rage Regret Rejection Remorse Resentment Sadness Self-pity Shame Shock Shyness Social connection Sorrow Suffering Surprise Trust Wonder Worry v t e A frustrated man sitting at a desk A woman who is frustrated A frustrated man sitting in a traffic jam In psychology, frustration is a common emotional response to opposition, related to anger, annoyance and disappointment. Frustration arises from the perceived resistance to the fulfillment of an individual's will or goal and is likely to increase when a will or goal is denied or blocked.[1][2][3] There are two types of frustration: internal and external. Internal frustration may arise from challenges in fulfilling personal goals, desires, instinctual drives and needs, or dealing with perceived deficiencies, such as a lack of confidence or fear of social situations. Conflict, such as when one has competing goals that interfere with one another, can also be an internal source of frustration or annoyance and can create cognitive dissonance. External causes of frustration involve conditions outside an individual's control, such as a physical roadblock, a difficult task, or the perception of wasting time.[4] There are multiple ways individuals cope with frustration such as passive–aggressive behavior, anger, or violence, although frustration may also propel positive processes via enhanced effort and strive.[5] This broad range of potential outcomes makes it difficult to identify the original cause(s) of frustration, as the responses may be indirect. However, a more direct and common response is a propensity towards aggression.[6][7] Contents 1 Causes 2 Frustration tolerance 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Causes[edit] Frustration originates from feelings of uncertainty and insecurity which stems from a sense of inability to fulfill needs.[8] If the needs of an individual are blocked, uneasiness and frustration are more likely to occur. When these needs are constantly ignored or unsatisfied, anger, depression, loss of self-confidence,[9] annoyance, aggression, and sometimes violence are likely to follow.[10] Needs can be blocked two different ways; internally and externally. Internal blocking happens within an individual's mind, either through lack of ability, confidence, conflicting goals and desires, and/or fears. External blocking happens to an individual outside their control such as physical roadblocks, difficult tasks, or perceived waste of time, especially when those roadblocks or challenges were unexpected, or if the individual expected the goal to be easy to accomplish. Frustration is usually less when an individual expected, or knew beforehand, that the goal would be "challenging." Some people are predisposed towards feelings of frustration, indexed in terms of temperament (frustration), in adolescence and neuroticism in adulthood.[5] Temperamental frustration is associated with perceptual alterations including changes in perceived relationship affection.[11] Frustration can be classed as a mental health problem–response behavior and can have a number of effects, depending on the mental health of the individual. In positive cases, this frustration will build until a level that is too great for the individual to contain or allow to continue, and thus produce action directed at solving the inherent problem in a disposition that does not cause social or physical harm. In negative cases, however, the individual may perceive the source of frustration to be outside their control, and thus the frustration will continue to build, leading eventually to further problematic behavior (e.g. violent reaction against perceived oppressors or enemies).[12] Stubborn refusal to respond to new conditions affecting the goal, such as removal or modification of the barrier, sometimes occurs. As pointed out by J.A.C. Brown, severe punishment may cause individuals to continue non-adaptive behavior blindly: "Either it may have an effect opposite to that of reward and as such, discourage the repetition of the act, or, by functioning as a frustrating agent, it may lead to fixation and the other symptoms of frustration as well. It follows that punishment is a dangerous tool, since it often has effects which are entirely the opposite of those desired".[13] Frustration tolerance[edit] Frustration tolerance is one's ability to resist becoming frustrated when facing difficult tasks. Having a low frustration tolerance is related to trait anger and a higher level of frustration tolerance is related to lower levels of anger and longer persistence on difficult tasks.[14] For example, a child with a high frustration tolerance may be able to deal with repeated challenges and failures without experiencing significant frustration. The child with a low frustration tolerance can be quick to experience frustration when asked to perform tasks of moderate difficulty.[15] See also[edit] Frustration–aggression hypothesis Anger Aggression Disappointment Depression References[edit] ^ A. M., M. W., D. M., M, Crossman, Sullivan, Hitchcock, Lewis (2009). "When frustration is repeated: Behavioral and emotion responses during extinction over time". Emotion. 9 (1): 92–100. doi:10.1037/a0014614. PMC 2719881. PMID 19186920.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ^ De Botton, Alain (April 2011). The Consolations of Philosophy. New York: Vintage Books, a division of Random House Inc. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-679-77917-9. ^ TL, Boyd (1982). "Learned helplessness in humans: A frustration-produced response pattern". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 42 (4): 738–752. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.42.4.738. ^ "Frustration". Psychologist Anywhere Anytime. Retrieved 28 November 2016. ^ a b Jeronimus; et al. (January 2018). "Frustration". In Zeigler-Hill, V.; Shackelford, T.K. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. New York: Springer. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_815-1. ISBN 978-3-319-28099-8. ^ Miller, NE (July 1941), "The frustration–aggression hypothesis", Psychological Review, 48 (4): 337–42, doi:10.1037/h0055861 . ^ A.H., Buss (1966). "Instrumentality of aggression, feedback, and frustration as determinants of physical aggression". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 3 (2): 153–162. doi:10.1037/h0022826. PMID 5903523. ^ Cull, Ian. "Frustration". psychologistanywhereanytime.com. Retrieved 25 May 2019. ^ K, Gelbrick (2010). "Anger, frustration, and helplessness after service failure: Coping strategies and effective informational support". Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 38 (5): 567–585. doi:10.1007/s11747-009-0169-6. ^ "How to Overcome Frustration". Erupting Mind. 24 November 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2016. ^ Laceulle, O.M.; et al. (2015). "Why Not Everyone Gets Their Fair Share of Stress: Adolescent's Perceived Relationship Affection Mediates Associations Between Temperament and Subsequent Stressful Social Events". European Journal of Personality. 29 (2): 125. doi:10.1002/per.1989. ^ Berkowitz, Leonard (1989). "Frustration-aggression hypothesis: Examination and reformulation". Psychological Bulletin. 106 (1): 59–73. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.1.59. PMID 2667009. S2CID 14314447. ^ Brown, JAC (1954), The Social Psychology of Industry, Baltimore, MD: Penguin, pp. 253–54 . ^ Szasz, P.L.; Szentagotai, A.; Hofmann, S. (30 November 2010). "The Effect of Emotion Regulation Strategies on Anger". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 49 (2): 114–119. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.11.011. PMID 21185551. ^ Liden, C. (February 2011). "9 Traits You Should Know About Your Temperament". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 49 (2): 114–119. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.11.011. PMID 21185551. External links[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frustration. Frustration v t e Emotions (list) Emotions Acceptance Adoration Aesthetic emotions Affection Agitation Agony Amusement Anger Angst Anguish Annoyance Anticipation Anxiety Apathy Arousal Attraction Awe Boredom Calmness Compassion Confidence Contempt Contentment Courage Cruelty Curiosity Defeat Depression Desire Despair Disappointment Disgust Distrust Ecstasy Embarrassment Vicarious Empathy Enthrallment Enthusiasm Envy Euphoria Excitement Fear Flow (psychology) Frustration Gratification Gratitude Greed Grief Guilt Happiness Hatred Hiraeth Homesickness Hope Horror Hostility Humiliation Hygge Hysteria Indulgence Infatuation Insecurity Inspiration Interest Irritation Isolation Jealousy Joy Kindness Loneliness Longing Love Limerence Lust Mono no aware Neglect Nostalgia Outrage Panic Passion Pity Self-pity Pleasure Pride Grandiosity Hubris Insult Vanity Rage Regret Social connection Rejection Remorse Resentment Sadness Melancholy Saudade Schadenfreude Sehnsucht Self-confidence Sentimentality Shame Shock Shyness Sorrow Spite Stress Suffering Surprise Sympathy Tenseness Trust Wonder Worry World views Cynicism Defeatism Nihilism Optimism Pessimism Reclusion Weltschmerz Related Affect consciousness in education measures in psychology Affective computing forecasting neuroscience science spectrum Affectivity positive negative Appeal to emotion Emotion and art and memory and music and sex classification evolution expressed functional accounts group homeostatic perception recognition in conversation in animals regulation interpersonal work Emotional aperture bias blackmail competence conflict contagion detachment dysregulation eating exhaustion expression intelligence and bullying intimacy isolation lability labor lateralization literacy prosody reasoning responsivity security selection symbiosis well-being Emotionality bounded Emotions and culture in decision-making in the workplace in virtual communication history moral self-conscious social social sharing sociology Feeling Gender and emotional expression Group affective tone Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems Meta-emotion Pathognomy Pathos Social emotional development Stoic passions Theory affect appraisal discrete emotion somatic marker constructed emotion Authority control BNF: cb131626709 (data) GND: 4018740-8 LCCN: sh85052192 NDL: 00563755 SUDOC: 027226972 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frustration&oldid=991065953" Categories: Human development Interpersonal relationships Personal development Personal life Emotions Hidden categories: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Use dmy dates from August 2017 Commons category link from Wikidata Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NDL identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية Azərbaycanca বাংলা Български Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Қазақша Magyar Македонски مصرى Nederlands 日本語 Norsk bokmål Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Polski Português Русский Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Svenska Türkçe Українська اردو 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 28 November 2020, at 02:19 (UTC). 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