id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 1 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 3 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 5 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 8 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 9 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 10 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 12 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 13 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 14 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 17 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 18 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 19 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 21 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 22 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 24 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 25 Invasion Invasion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 26 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 28 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 30 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 31 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 32 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 33 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 34 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 36 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 37 Part Part NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 40 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 42 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 43 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 44 Date date NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 45 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 46 BC–479 BC–479 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 47 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 48 Location Location NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 49 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 50 Result Result NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 51 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 52 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 53 Belligerents Belligerents NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 54 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 55 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 56 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 57 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 58 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 60 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 61 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 62 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 63 Commanders Commanders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 65 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 66 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 67 Eurybiades Eurybiades NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 68 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 69 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 70   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 71 † † VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 72 Pausanias Pausanias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 73 Leotychides Leotychides NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 74 Xerxes xerxe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 75 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 76 Artemisia Artemisia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 77 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 78 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 79 Caria Caria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 80 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 81   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 82 † † NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 83 Hydarnes Hydarnes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 84 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 85 Immortals Immortals NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 87 Artyphius Artyphius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 88 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 89 Gandarians Gandarians NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 91 Dadicae Dadicae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 92 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 93 Azanes azane NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 94 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 95 Sogdians Sogdians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 96 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 97 Artabazus Artabazus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 98 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 99 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 100 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 101 Chorasmians Chorasmians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 102 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 103 Strength Strength NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 104 Land Land NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 105 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 106 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 107 10,000 10,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 108 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 109 9,000 9,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 110 Athenians athenian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 111 5,000 5,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 112 Corinthians corinthian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 113 2,000 2,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 114 Thespians thespian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 115 1,000 1,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 116 Phocians phocian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 117 30,000 30,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 118 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 119 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 120 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 121 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 122 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 123 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 124 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 125 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 126 Arcadia Arcadia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 127 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 128 Aegina Aegina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 129 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 130 Eretria Eretria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 131 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 132 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 133 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 134 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 135 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 136 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 137 400 400 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 138 triremes trireme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 139 6,000 6,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 140 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 141 68,000 68,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 142 oarsmen oarsman NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 143 Total total NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 144 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 145 125,000 125,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 146 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 147 400 400 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 148 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 149 Land Land NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 150 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 151 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 152 80,000[1]–100,000 80,000[1]–100,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 153 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 154 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 155 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 156 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 157 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 158 estimates estimate NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 159 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 160 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 161 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 162 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 163 600[1]–1200 600[1]–1200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 164 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 165 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 166 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 167 estimates estimate NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 168 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 169 Total total NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 170 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 171 200,000[1 200,000[1 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 172 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 173 300,000–500,000[2][3 300,000–500,000[2][3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 174 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 175 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 176 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 177 estimates estimate NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 178 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 179 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 180 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 181 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 182 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 183 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 184 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 185 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 186 Ionian Ionian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 187 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 188 First first RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 189 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 190 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 191 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 192 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 193 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 194 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 195 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 196 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 197 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 198 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 199 Delian Delian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 200 League League NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 201 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 202 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 203 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 204 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 205 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 206 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 207 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 208 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 209 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 210 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 211 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 212 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 213 Potidea Potidea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 214 Olynthus Olynthus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 215 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 216 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 217 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 218 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 219 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 220 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 221 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 222 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 223 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 224 480–479 480–479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 225 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 226 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 227 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 228 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 229 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 230 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 231 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 232 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 233 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 234 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 235 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 236 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 237 Xerxes xerxe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 238 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 239 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 240 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 241 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 242 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 243 conquer conquer VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 244 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 245 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 246 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 1 247 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 2 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 5 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 7 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 8 delayed delay VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 10 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 13 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 16 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 17 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 18 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 20 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 22 492–490 492–490 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 23 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 27 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 29 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 31 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 32 ended end VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 33 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 34 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 35 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 36 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 38 subjugate subjugate VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 39 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 2 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 2 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 4 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 7 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 9 spent spend VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 10 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 11 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 12 planning plan VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 15 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 16 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 18 mustering muster VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 20 enormous enormous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 21 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 23 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 3 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 2 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 4 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 5 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 7 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 8 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 4 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 1 About about RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 3 tenth tenth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 6 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 7 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 9 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 10 joined join VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 12 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 13 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 14 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 15 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 17 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 18 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 19 neutral neutral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 21 submitted submit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 23 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 5 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 2 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 3 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 5 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 6 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 7 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 11 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 13 crossed cross VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 15 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 17 marched march VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 18 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 19 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 21 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 23 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 6 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 3 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 5 blocked block VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 8 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 10 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 13 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 14 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 15 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 17 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 18 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 19 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 21 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 23 simultaneously simultaneously RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 26 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 27 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 29 blocked block VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 32 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 33 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 36 straits strait NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 38 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 7 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 3 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 4 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 6 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 9 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 11 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 12 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 14 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 15 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 17 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 18 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 20 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 23 outflanked outflank VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 26 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 27 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 30 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 31 rearguard rearguard NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 32 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 33 trapped trap VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 35 annihilated annihilate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 8 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 2 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 3 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 6 withstood withstand VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 7 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 8 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 10 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 11 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 14 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 16 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 19 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 20 news news NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 21 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 22 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 25 disaster disaster NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 26 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 27 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 29 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 30 withdrew withdraw VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 32 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 9 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 2 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 4 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 6 Euboea Euboea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 8 Phocis Phocis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 10 Boeotia Boeotia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 12 Attica Attica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 13 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 16 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 17 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 20 captured capture VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 22 burnt burn VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 23 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 10 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 4 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 7 fortified fortify VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 9 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 10 Isthmus Isthmus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 12 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 14 protecting protect VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 16 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 18 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 19 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 11 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 2 sides side NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 3 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 4 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 6 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 7 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 9 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 10 decisively decisively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 11 alter alter VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 13 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 16 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 12 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 2 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 3 general general NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 4 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 5 succeeded succeed VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 7 luring lure VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 9 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 10 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 13 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 14 Straits Straits NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 16 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 18 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 20 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 21 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 23 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 24 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 25 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 26 disorganised disorganised JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 29 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 30 soundly soundly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 31 beaten beat VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 34 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 35 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 13 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 2 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 3 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 5 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 6 prevented prevent VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 8 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 9 conclusion conclusion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 12 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 15 fearing fear VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 16 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 17 trapped trap VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 19 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 21 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 22 retreated retreat VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 24 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 25 leaving leave VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 27 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 28 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 30 finish finish VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 32 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 35 elite elite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 38 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 14 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 2 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 3 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 6 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 7 assembled assemble VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 9 largest large JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 10 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 11 hoplite hoplite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 14 marched march VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 15 north north RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 18 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 20 confront confront VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 21 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 15 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 3 ensuing ensue VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 4 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 6 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 9 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 10 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 11 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 12 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 14 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 16 inflicting inflict VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 18 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 19 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 22 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 24 killing kill VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 25 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 28 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 16 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 3 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 4 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 6 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 8 Aegean Aegean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 9 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 11 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 12 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 13 destroyed destroy VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 15 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 18 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 19 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 22 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 24 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 17 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 3 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 4 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 7 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 9 ended end VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 12 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 13 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 16 Aegean Aegean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 17 severely severely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 18 dented dent VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 18 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 4 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 5 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 8 offensive offensive NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 10 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 11 expelling expel VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 13 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 15 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 18 Aegean aegean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 19 islands island NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 21 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 22 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 24 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 25 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 26 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 29 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 31 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 32 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 19 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 3 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 5 Background background NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 6 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 8 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 9 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 10 Size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 13 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 14 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 15 3.1.1 3.1.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 16 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 17 3.1.2 3.1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 18 Fleet Fleet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 19 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 20 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 21 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 22 4.1 4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 23 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 24 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 25 4.2 4.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 26 Size Size NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 28 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 29 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 30 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 31 Spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 32 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 33 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 35 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 37 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 39 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 40 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 41 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 42 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 43 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 44 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 45 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 47 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 48 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 49 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 50 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 51 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 52 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 53 Destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 55 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 57 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 59 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 60 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 61 Autumn Autumn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 62 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 63 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 64 480/479 480/479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 65 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 66 8.1 8.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 67 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 69 Potidaea Potidaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 70 8.2 8.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 71 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 72 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 73 Olynthus Olynthus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 74 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 75 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 76 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 77 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 78 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 79 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 80 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 81 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 82 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 83 Aftermath Aftermath NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 84 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 85 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 86 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 87 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 88 Strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 89 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 90 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 91 Significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 92 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 93 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 94 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 95 Bibliography Bibliography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 96 15.1 15.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 97 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 98 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 99 15.2 15.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 100 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 101 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 102 Sources[edit sources[edit VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 103 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 104 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 105 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 106 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 107 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 108 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 109 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 110 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 111 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 112 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 113 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 114 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 115 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 116 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 117 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 118 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 119 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 120 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 121 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 122 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 20 123 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 3 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 4 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 6 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 8 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 9 Father Father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 11 History',[4 History',[4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 14 born bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 16 484 484 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 17 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 19 Halicarnassus Halicarnassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 21 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 22 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 24 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 25 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 26 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 27 overlordship overlordship NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 21 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 2 wrote write VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 4 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 5 Enquiries enquiry NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 6 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 8 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 9 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 10 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 12 English—(The english—(the CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 14 Histories Histories NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 16 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 17 440–430 440–430 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 18 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 20 trying try VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 22 trace trace VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 24 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 27 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 29 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 30 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 32 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 33 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 34 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 35 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 36 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 37 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 38 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 39 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 42 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 43 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 44 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 46 450 450 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 47 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 22 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 6 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 8 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 9 novel novel JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 13 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 15 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 16 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 18 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 19 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 20 seem seem VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 22 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 23 invented invent VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 24 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 25 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 26 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 28 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 29 know know VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 30 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 23 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 10 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 12 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 13 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 16 chronicler chronicler NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 17 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 18 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 20 trace trace VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 22 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 25 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 26 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 29 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 30 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 31 remote remote JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 32 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 35 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 36 utterly utterly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 37 fabulous fabulous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 39 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 40 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 42 whims whim NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 44 wishes wish NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 46 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 47 god god NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 49 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 50 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 51 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 52 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 53 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 54 claim claim NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 55 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 56 manifest manifest VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 57 destiny destiny NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 59 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 60 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 61 explanations explanation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 62 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 63 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 64 verify verify VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 65 personally personally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 24 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 5 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 6 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 7 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 8 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 10 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 11 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 14 footsteps footstep NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 16 criticised criticise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 17 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 19 starting start VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 21 Thucydides thucydide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 25 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 2 6][7 6][7 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 6 Thucydides thucydide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 7 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 9 begin begin VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 11 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 14 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 15 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 19 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 21 Sestos Sestos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 25 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 26 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 27 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 28 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 29 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 31 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 32 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 33 accurate accurate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 34 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 35 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 37 need need VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 38 re re JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 39 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 40 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 41 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 42 correcting correct VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 26 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 2 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 4 Plutarch plutarch NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 5 criticised criticise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 9 essay essay NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 11 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 13 Malignity Malignity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 15 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 18 describing describe VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 19 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 22 Philobarbaros Philobarbaros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 25 barbarian barbarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 27 lover lover NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 32 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 33 pro pro JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 34 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 35 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 36 enough enough NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 38 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 39 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 40 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 41 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 42 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 43 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 44 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 45 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 47 reasonable reasonable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 48 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 50 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 51 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 52 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 53 handed handed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 27 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 2 8 8 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 5 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 6 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 10 passed pass VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 11 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 13 Renaissance Renaissance NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 14 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 16 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 17 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 18 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 19 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 20 read read VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 28 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 6 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 8 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 9 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 11 reputation reputation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 14 dramatically dramatically RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 15 rehabilitated rehabilitate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 17 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 18 finds find NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 20 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 21 repeatedly repeatedly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 22 confirmed confirm VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 24 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 26 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 29 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 5 prevailing prevail VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 6 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 7 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 10 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 11 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 14 remarkable remarkable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 15 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 18 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 21 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 22 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 24 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 25 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 26 details detail NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 28 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 29 troop troop NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 30 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 32 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 34 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 35 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 36 viewed view VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 38 skepticism skepticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 30 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 6 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 8 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 10 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 11 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 12 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 14 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 15 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 16 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 19 story story NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 31 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 5 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 6 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 7 Diodorus Diodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 8 Siculus Siculus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 10 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 12 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 15 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 16 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 17 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 20 Bibliotheca Bibliotheca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 21 Historica Historica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 23 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 24 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 26 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 29 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 31 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 32 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 34 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 35 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 36 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 38 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 39 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 40 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 41 Ephorus Ephorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 32 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 2 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 4 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 5 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 7 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 33 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 5 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 8 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 11 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 13 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 14 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 17 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 19 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 20 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 21 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 22 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 23 Plutarch Plutarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 25 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 28 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 29 alluded allude VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 32 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 34 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 37 playwright playwright NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 38 Aeschylus Aeschylus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 34 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 1 Archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 2 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 7 Serpent Serpent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 8 Column Column NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 11 supports support VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 14 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 16 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 17 claims claim NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 35 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 4 Background[edit Background[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 7 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 9 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 11 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 12 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 14 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 15 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 16 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 18 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 19 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 20 map map NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 21 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 23 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 24 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 27 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 30 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 31 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 32 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 33 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 35 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 37 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 39 Eretria Eretria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 40 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 41 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 43 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 44 Ionian Ionian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 45 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 46 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 48 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 49 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 51 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 52 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 53 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 54 499–494 499–494 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 55 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 36 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 2 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 3 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 5 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 6 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 7 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 9 prone prone JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 11 revolts revolt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 12 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 14 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 15 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 37 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 2 14][15 14][15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 4 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 6 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 9 usurper usurper NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 12 spent spend VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 13 considerable considerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 14 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 15 extinguishing extinguish VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 16 revolts revolt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 17 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 19 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 38 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 5 Ionian ionian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 6 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 7 threatened threaten VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 9 integrity integrity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 11 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 12 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 15 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 16 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 17 vowed vow VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 19 punish punish VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 20 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 21 involved involved JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 23 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 24 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 26 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 27 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 30 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 39 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 2 16][17 16][17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 4 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 6 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 8 opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 10 expand expand VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 11 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 12 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 13 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 15 fractious fractious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 16 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 18 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 19 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 40 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 5 preliminary preliminary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 6 expedition expedition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 7 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 8 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 11 492 492 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 12 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 15 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 17 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 18 approaches approach NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 20 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 21 ended end VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 24 re re NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 25 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 26 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 28 Thrace thrace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 30 forced force VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 31 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 33 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 35 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 36 subordinate subordinate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 37 kingdom kingdom NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 38 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 40 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 41 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 2 18][19 18][19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 6 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 9 vassal vassal NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 10 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 11 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 14 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 15 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 16 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 17 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 20 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 21 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 22 autonomy autonomy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 25 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 26 subordinate subordinate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 27 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 42 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 5 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 6 throw throw VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 8 envoys envoy NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 9 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 11 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 43 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 2 491 491 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 3 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 5 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 6 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 7 emissaries emissary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 9 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 11 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 12 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 14 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 16 asking ask VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 19 gift gift NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 21 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 22 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 24 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 25 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 27 token token NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 30 submission submission NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 32 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 44 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 4 Having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 5 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 7 demonstration demonstration NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 9 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 10 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 12 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 13 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 16 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 18 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 19 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 20 duly duly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 21 obliged oblige VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 45 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 2 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 4 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 7 ambassadors ambassador NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 9 put put VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 11 trial trial NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 13 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 14 executed execute VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 17 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 19 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 21 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 22 thrown throw VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 23 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 25 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 46 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 5 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 7 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 10 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 11 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 13 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 15 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 47 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 5 Later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 8 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 10 appease appease VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 11 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 13 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 15 about about JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 17 launch launch VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 19 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 20 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 21 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 23 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 24 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 25 succeeding succeed VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 27 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 29 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 31 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 32 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 34 voluntarily voluntarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 35 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 37 Susa Susa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 38 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 39 execution execution NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 42 atonement atonement NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 43 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 45 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 48 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 49 heralds herald NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 50 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 51 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 52 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 53 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 48 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 5 Darius darius NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 7 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 8 together together RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 10 ambitious ambitious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 11 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 12 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 13 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 14 Datis Datis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 16 Artaphernes Artaphernes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 18 490 490 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 19 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 21 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 22 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 23 Naxos Naxos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 25 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 26 receiving receive VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 28 submission submission NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 32 Cycladic Cycladic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 33 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 49 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 2 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 3 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 5 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 7 Eretria Eretria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 11 besieged besiege VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 13 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 50 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 4 Finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 7 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 9 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 10 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 12 landing land VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 15 bay bay NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 17 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 19 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 22 met meet VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 25 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 26 outnumbered outnumber VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 27 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 28 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 51 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 3 ensuing ensue VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 4 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 6 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 9 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 10 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 12 remarkable remarkable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 13 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 16 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 19 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 23 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 25 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 52 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 4 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 5 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 6 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 7 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 9 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 10 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 14 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 15 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 17 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 18 subjugate subjugate VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 19 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 21 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 24 486 486 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 25 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 27 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 28 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 29 subjects subject NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 30 revolted revolt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 32 indefinitely indefinitely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 33 postponing postpone VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 34 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 35 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 36 expedition expedition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 53 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 4 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 6 died die VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 7 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 8 preparing prepare VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 10 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 12 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 16 throne throne NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 18 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 19 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 22 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 23 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 54 24 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 4 Xerxes xerxe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 5 crushed crush VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 7 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 8 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 11 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 12 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 13 restarted restart VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 15 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 18 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 20 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 55 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 4 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 5 preparations[edit preparations[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 7 Rendition Rendition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 10 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 11 Canal Canal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 13 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 15 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 18 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 19 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 20 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 21 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 23 483 483 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 24 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 25 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 27 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 28 Athos Athos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 29 peninsula peninsula NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 56 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 3 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 4 filled fill VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 6 up up NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 57 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 1 Preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 4 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 6 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 9 quarters quarter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 11 Sardis Sardis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 13 481–480 481–480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 14 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 17 crossing crossing NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 20 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 21 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 22 Abydos Abydos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 58 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 7 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 9 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 10 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 13 required require VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 14 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 16 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 17 planning planning NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 19 stock stock NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 21 piling piling NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 23 conscription conscription NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 59 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 6 decided decide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 9 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 10 Pontoon Pontoon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 11 Bridges Bridges NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 15 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 16 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 18 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 20 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 22 cross cross VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 24 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 26 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 31 canal canal NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 32 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 33 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 34 dug dig VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 35 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 37 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 39 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 40 Athos Athos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 42 rounding round VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 43 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 44 headland headland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 47 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 48 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 49 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 50 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 51 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 53 492 492 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 54 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 60 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 6 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 7 feats feat NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 9 exceptional exceptional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 10 ambition ambition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 13 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 14 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 15 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 16 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 17 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 18 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 19 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 61 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 7 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 9 delayed delay VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 10 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 11 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 12 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 14 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 15 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 17 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 19 Babylonia Babylonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 62 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 5 481 481 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 6 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 9 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 10 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 11 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 13 preparation preparation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 15 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 16 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 18 muster muster VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 20 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 23 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 25 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 63 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 2 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 4 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 6 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 7 nations nation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 9 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 10 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 12 drafted draft VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 64 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 5 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 8 gathered gather VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 10 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 11 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 14 summer summer NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 16 autumn autumn NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 18 481 481 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 19 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 65 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 2 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 5 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 6 satrapies satrapie NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 8 gathered gather VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 10 Kritala Kritala NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 12 Cappadocia Cappadocia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 15 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 17 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 19 Sardis Sardis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 20 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 22 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 24 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 66 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 4 Early early RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 6 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 8 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 10 Abydos Abydos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 11 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 14 joined join VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 17 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 20 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 21 satrapies satrapie NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 67 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 4 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 10 mustered muster VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 11 marched march VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 12 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 15 crossing cross VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 17 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 19 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 20 pontoon pontoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 21 bridges bridge NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 68 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 4 Size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 8 forces[edit forces[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 10 Army[edit Army[edit -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 13 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 15 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 16 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 19 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 20 ethnicities,[32 ethnicities,[32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 24 tomb tomb NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 26 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 27 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 30 Naqsh Naqsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 32 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 33 Rostam Rostam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 69 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 2 33][34 33][34 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 5 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 7 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 9 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 10 mustered muster VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 13 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 14 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 16 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 17 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 20 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 22 endless endless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 23 dispute dispute NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 24 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 26 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 27 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 29 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 30 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 31 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 32 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 33 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 34 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 70 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 2 claimed claim VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 4 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 8 total total NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 10 2.5 2.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 11 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 13 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 15 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 18 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 19 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 21 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 22 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 71 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 5 poet poet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 6 Simonides simonide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 8 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 11 contemporary contemporary NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 13 talks talk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 15 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 16 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 18 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 20 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 23 records record NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 25 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 26 800,000 800,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 29 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 30 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 33 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 35 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 37 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 38 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 40 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 41 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 42 assembled assemble VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 43 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 44 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 72 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 8 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 10 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 12 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 13 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 15 access access NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 17 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 18 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 19 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 20 records record NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 23 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 24 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 27 expedition expedition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 29 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 30 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 31 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 33 reject reject VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 34 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 35 figures figure NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 36 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 37 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 38 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 41 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 42 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 43 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 45 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 46 logistical logistical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 47 capabilities capability NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 50 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 51 countryside countryside NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 54 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 55 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 56 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 58 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 59 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 60 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 73 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 4 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 5 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 7 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 8 attribute attribute VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 10 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 11 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 14 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 15 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 18 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 20 miscalculations miscalculation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 22 exaggerations exaggeration NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 25 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 28 victors victor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 31 disinformation disinformation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 34 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 37 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 38 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 41 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 74 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 5 topic topic NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 8 hotly hotly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 9 debated debate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 12 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 13 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 14 revolves revolve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 15 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 17 figure figure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 19 200,000[1 200,000[1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 22 300,000–500,000 300,000–500,000 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 75 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 2 2][3 2][3 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 6 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 8 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 9 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 14 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 16 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 18 eager eager JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 20 ensure ensure VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 22 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 23 expedition expedition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 25 mustering muster VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 26 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 27 numerical numerical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 28 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 30 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 33 sea,[2 sea,[2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 36 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 37 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 38 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 41 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 42 died die VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 44 starvation starvation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 46 disease disease NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 48 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 49 returning return VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 50 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 51 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 76 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 2 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 5 tells tell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 6 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 9 army army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 11 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 13 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 14 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 15 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 16 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 19 halted halt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 21 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 23 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 24 inspection inspection NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 26 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 29 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 30 recounts recount VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 32 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 34 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 35 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 37 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 38 present:[38 present:[38 VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 39 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 40 Units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 41 Numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 42 1,207 1,207 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 43 triremes trireme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 44 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 45 200-man 200-man CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 46 crews crew NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 47 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 48 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 49 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 50 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 51 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 52 Phoenicians phoenician NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 53 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 54 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 56 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 57 Syrians Syrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 59 Palestine Palestine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 60 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 61 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 62 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 63 Judeans Judeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 66 Egyptians,[39 egyptians,[39 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 67 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 68 Cyprians,[40 Cyprians,[40 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 69 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 70 Cilicians Cilicians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 72 Pamphylians Pamphylians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 74 Lycians Lycians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 76 Dorians Dorians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 77 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 78 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 80 Carians Carians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 81 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 82 Ionians Ionians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 83 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 84 Aegean aegean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 85 islanders islander NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 87 Aeolians Aeolians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 88 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 89 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 90 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 91 Pontus Pontus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 92 241,400[41 241,400[41 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 93 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 94 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 95 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 96 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 97 trireme[Note trireme[Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 98 1]from 1]from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 99 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 100 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 101 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 102 Medes Medes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 103 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 104 Sacae Sacae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 105 36,210[41 36,210[41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 106 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 107 3,000 3,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 108 Galleys Galleys NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 109 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 110 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 111 50-oar 50-oar CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 112 penteconters penteconter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 113 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 114 80-man 80-man CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 115 crew crew NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 116 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 117 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 118 30-oared 30-oared CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 119 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 121 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 122 galleys galley NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 123 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 124 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 125 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 126 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 127 transports[42][Note transports[42][note CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 128 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 129 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 130 240,000[41]b 240,000[41]b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 131 Total Total NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 132 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 133 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 134 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 135 complements complement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 136 517,610[41 517,610[41 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 137 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 138 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 139 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 140 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 141 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 142 groups,[Note groups,[note CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 143 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 144 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 145 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 146 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 147 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 148 Cissians Cissians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 149 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 150 Hyrcanians,[43 Hyrcanians,[43 '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 151 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 152 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 153 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 154 Chaldeans,[44 chaldeans,[44 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 155 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 156 Bactrians Bactrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 157 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 158 Sacae,[45 sacae,[45 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 159 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 160 Indians,[46 indians,[46 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 161 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 162 Arians Arians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 163 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 164 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 165 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 166 Chorasmians Chorasmians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 167 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 168 Sogdians Sogdians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 169 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 170 Gandarians Gandarians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 171 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 172 Dadicae,[47 dadicae,[47 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 173 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 174 Caspians Caspians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 175 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 176 Sarangae Sarangae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 177 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 178 Pactyes,[48 Pactyes,[48 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 179 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 180 Utians Utians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 181 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 182 Mycians Mycians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 183 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 184 Paricanians,[49 Paricanians,[49 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 185 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 186 Arabians Arabians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 187 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 188 Ethiopians ethiopian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 189 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 190 Africa,[50 Africa,[50 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 191 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 192 Ethiopians ethiopian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 193 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 194 Baluchistan,[51 Baluchistan,[51 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 195 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 196 Libyans,[52 libyans,[52 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 197 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 198 Paphlagonians Paphlagonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 199 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 200 Ligyes Ligyes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 201 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 202 Matieni Matieni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 203 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 204 Mariandyni Mariandyni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 205 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 206 Cappadocians,[53 Cappadocians,[53 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 207 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 208 Phrygians Phrygians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 209 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 210 Armenians,[54 Armenians,[54 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 211 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 212 Lydians Lydians NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 213 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 214 Mysians,[55 Mysians,[55 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 215 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 216 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 217 Thracians,[56 thracians,[56 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 218 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 219 Lasonii Lasonii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 220 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 221 Milyae,[57 Milyae,[57 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 222 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 223 Moschi Moschi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 224 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 225 Tibareni Tibareni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 226 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 227 Macrones Macrones NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 228 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 229 Mossynoeci,[58 Mossynoeci,[58 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 230 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 231 Mares Mares NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 232 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 233 Colchians Colchians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 234 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 235 Alarodians Alarodians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 236 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 237 Saspirians[59 saspirians[59 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 238 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 239 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 240 Red Red NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 241 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 242 islanders islander NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 77 243 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 2 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 4 1,700,000[61 1,700,000[61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 6 Horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 7 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 10 Persians,[62 Persians,[62 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 12 Sagartians,[63 Sagartians,[63 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 14 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 16 Cissians Cissians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 18 Indians Indians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 20 Caspians Caspians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 22 Paricanians Paricanians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 78 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 2 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 4 80,000[65 80,000[65 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 6 Arab arab JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 7 camel camel NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 8 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 10 Libyan libyan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 11 charioteers charioteer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 12 20,000[41 20,000[41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 14 Total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 15 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 16 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 18 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 19 forces[Note forces[Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 20 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 22 2,317,610[66 2,317,610[66 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 24 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 25 triremes trireme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 27 200-man 200-man CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 28 crews crew NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 29 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 31 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 33 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 36 islands island NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 37 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 38 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 79 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 1 24,000[67 24,000[67 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 3 Balkan balkan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 4 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 6 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 7 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 8 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 10 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 11 Thracians Thracians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 13 Paeonians Paeonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 15 Eordi Eordi NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 17 Bottiaei Bottiaei NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 19 Chalcidians Chalcidians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 21 Brygians Brygians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 23 Pierians Pierians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 25 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 27 Perrhaebi Perrhaebi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 29 Enienes Enienes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 31 Dolopes Dolopes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 33 Magnesians Magnesians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 35 Achaeans Achaeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 36 300,000[67 300,000[67 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 38 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 39 Total Total NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 40 2,641,610 2,641,610 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 41 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 42 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 43 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 44 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 45 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 47 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 50 figure figure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 52 200 200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 53 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 54 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 56 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 57 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 58 crews crew NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 59 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 60 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 61 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 62 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 63 contradiction contradiction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 64 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 65 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 66 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 67 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 80 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 2 figure figure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 4 240,000 240,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 6 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 8 3,000 3,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 9 penteconters penteconter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 10 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 12 47th 47th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 13 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 14 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 16 missing miss VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 20 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 81 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 3 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 5 Asian Asian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 9 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 11 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 12 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 13 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 14 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 15 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 16 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 17 Arabians Arabians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 19 north north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 20 Africans Africans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 82 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 2 doubles double VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 4 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 6 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 8 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 9 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 11 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 12 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 13 reports report VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 16 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 17 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 18 numbered number VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 19 5,283,220 5,283,220 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 20 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 83 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 5 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 6 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 7 give give VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 8 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 9 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 10 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 84 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 2 poet poet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 3 Simonides simonide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 5 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 8 near near JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 10 contemporary contemporary NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 12 talks talk NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 14 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 15 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 17 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 18 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 19 800,000 800,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 22 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 23 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 26 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 28 assembled assemble VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 30 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 85 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 4 Crossing Crossing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 6 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 11 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 13 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 14 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 16 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 17 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 18 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 19 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 21 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 22 Grote Grote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 24 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 26 tone tone NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 28 expressing express VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 29 incredulity incredulity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 30 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 32 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 33 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 35 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 38 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 39 admit admit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 40 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 41 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 42 total total NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 44 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 45 anything anything NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 46 near near RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 47 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 48 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 50 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 51 obviously obviously RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 52 impossible impossible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 86 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 3 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 5 Grote Grote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 7 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 8 objection objection NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 11 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 12 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 14 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 15 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 16 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 18 analyse analyse VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 20 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 22 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 87 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 2 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 4 reject reject VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 5 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 7 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 8 altogether altogether RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 10 citing cite VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 12 latter latter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 14 reporting reporting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 17 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 18 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 19 careful careful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 20 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 22 accounting accounting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 25 stockpiling stockpiling NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 27 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 28 caches cache NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 29 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 30 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 31 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 33 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 34 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 35 attention attention NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 38 contradictions contradiction NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 41 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 42 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 88 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 2 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 5 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 6 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 7 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 89 9 J. 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en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 26 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 28 1,200 1,200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 30 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 104 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 2 91][92 91][92 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 4 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 5 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 6 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 7 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 9 1,000 1,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 10 ships,[36 ships,[36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 12 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 13 Plato Plato NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 15 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 17 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 18 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 19 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 21 1,000 1,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 22 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 24 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 105 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 2 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 5 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 9 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 10 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 12 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 106 16 could could 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DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 14 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 15 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 16 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 17 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 18 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 21 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 23 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 107 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 2 94][95][96 94][95][96 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 5 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 6 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 9 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 10 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 11 reject reject VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 13 number—1,207 number—1,207 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 14 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 15 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 17 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 20 reference reference NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 23 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 24 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 25 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 28 Iliad Iliad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 29 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 31 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 32 claim claim VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 35 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 36 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 37 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 38 launched launch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 39 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 40 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 41 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 42 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 43 600 600 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 44 warships warship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 45 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 47 Aegean Aegean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 108 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 2 96][97][98 96][97][98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 4 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 5 preparations[edit preparations[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 7 Probable probable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 8 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 9 Hoplite Hoplite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 11 Vix Vix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 12 krater krater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 14 circa circa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 15 500 500 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 109 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 2 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 5 preparing prepare VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 7 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 10 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 11 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 13 mid-480s mid-480s NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 14 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 18 482 482 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 19 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 21 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 23 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 25 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 27 guidance guidance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 30 politician politician NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 31 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 34 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 36 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 37 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 39 triremes trireme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 40 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 41 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 42 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 43 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 44 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 46 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 48 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 50 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 110 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 2 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 6 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 10 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 111 12 power power NN 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en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 3 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 4 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 5 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 6 ambassadors ambassador NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 7 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 8 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 9 asking ask VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 11 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 13 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 16 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 18 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 19 deliberate deliberate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 20 omission omission NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 22 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 24 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 112 25 . . . 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en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 12 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 13 autumn autumn NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 15 481 481 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 20 confederate confederate NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 21 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 23 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 24 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 26 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 28 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 114 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 115 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 115 2 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 115 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 115 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 115 5 confederation confederation 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en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 26 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 27 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 28 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 29 sworn swear VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 30 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 33 Godley Godley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 34 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 39 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 40 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 41 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 42 banded band VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 43 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 44 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 116 45 " " '' 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119 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 4 Little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 6 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 7 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 9 internal internal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 10 workings working NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 13 congress congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 16 discussions discussion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 17 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 18 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 19 meetings meeting NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 119 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 2 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 5 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 120 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121 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 19 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 21 attendance attendance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 23 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 24 technically technically RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 26 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 28 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 29 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 121 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 2 104 104 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 5 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 7 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 8 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 10 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 11 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 12 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 16 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 17 neutral neutral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 19 awaiting await VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 21 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 24 confrontation confrontation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 122 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 2 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 4 Thebes Thebes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 7 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 8 absentee absentee NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 11 suspected suspect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 13 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 14 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 16 aid aid VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 18 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 19 once once IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 21 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 22 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 23 arrived arrive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 123 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 2 105][106 105][106 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 4 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 5 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 6 Thebans Thebans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 7 agreed agree VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 10 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 13 400 400 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 15 loyalist loyalist NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 17 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 18 joined join VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 20 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 21 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 22 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 23 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 26 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 27 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 29 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 30 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 31 interpretation interpretation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 124 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 2 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 5 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 6 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 7 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 8 actively actively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 9 siding side VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 12 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 15 Medised Medised NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 18 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 19 Argos Argos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 23 otherwise otherwise JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 24 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 26 dominated dominate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 27 Peloponnese Peloponnese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 125 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 2 107][108 107][108 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 7 Argives Argives NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 10 severely severely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 11 weakened weaken VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 13 494 494 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 14 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 18 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 20 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 21 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 23 Cleomenes Cleomenes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 24 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 26 annihilated annihilate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 28 Argive argive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 29 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 31 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 33 Sepeia Sepeia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 35 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 36 massacred massacre VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 38 fugitives fugitive NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 126 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 2 108 108 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 4 Size Size NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 6 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 7 forces[edit forces[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 9 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 10 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 12 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 14 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 16 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 18 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 20 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 22 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 24 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 26 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 29 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 31 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 32 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 33 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 34 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 35 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 36 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 37 standing stand VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 38 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 39 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 41 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 42 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 43 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 44 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 45 requirement requirement NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 47 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 48 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 49 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 50 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 51 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 52 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 53 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 54 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 55 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 56 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 58 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 59 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 60 muster muster VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 61 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 62 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 64 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 65 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 127 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 1 Different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 3 sized sized JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 4 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 7 appeared appear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 8 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 10 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 128 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 2 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 4 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 5 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 8 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 10 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 11 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 129 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 1 Spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 2 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 3 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 5 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 7 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 9 Thessaly[edit Thessaly[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 12 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 13 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 14 fort fort NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 16 Eion Eion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 18 hill hill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 21 left left NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 25 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 28 Strymon Strymon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 29 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 31 right right RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 34 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 35 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 36 Ennea Ennea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 37 Hodoi Hodoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 39 Amphipolis Amphipolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 130 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 1 Having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 2 crossed cross VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 3 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 4 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 6 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 7 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 8 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 11 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 13 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 14 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 15 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 17 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 131 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 1 Five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 2 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 3 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 4 depots depot NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 7 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 8 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 9 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 11 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 14 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 15 Headland Headland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 18 Thracian thracian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 19 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 22 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 25 Tyrodiza Tyrodiza NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 27 Perinthian perinthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 28 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 30 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 31 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 32 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 34 Evros Evros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 35 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 36 estuary estuary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 37 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 39 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 40 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 41 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 42 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 43 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 44 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 46 Balkan balkan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 47 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 49 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 50 Eion eion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 51 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 53 Strymon Strymon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 54 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 56 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 57 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 58 Therme Therme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 60 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 61 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 62 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 63 Thessaloniki Thessaloniki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 132 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 1 There there RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 3 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 6 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 8 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 10 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 11 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 13 preparation preparation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 16 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 133 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 1 Animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 3 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 4 bought buy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 6 fattened fatten VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 8 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 10 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 11 populations population NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 12 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 15 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 16 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 19 ordered order VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 21 grind grind VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 23 grains grain NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 24 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 25 flour flour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 134 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 2 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 5 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 7 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 8 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 9 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 10 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 12 travel travel VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 13 unopposed unopposed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 16 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 18 Therme Therme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 21 journey journey NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 23 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 24 600 600 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 25   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 26 km km NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 28 360 360 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 29   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 30 mi mi JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 135 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 2 paused pause VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 4 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 5 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 8 joined join VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 11 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 136 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 1 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 2 reorganized reorganize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 4 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 6 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 7 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 8 replacing replace VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 10 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 11 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 12 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 13 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 16 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 137 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 2 110 110 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 6 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 7 congress congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 8 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 9 met meet VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 10 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 13 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 15 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 138 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 2 Thessalian thessalian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 3 delegation delegation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 4 suggested suggest VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 7 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 8 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 9 muster muster VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 12 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 13 Vale vale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 15 Tempe Tempe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 19 borders border NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 21 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 24 thereby thereby RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 25 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 26 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 27 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 28 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 139 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 2 111 111 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 5 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 7 10,000 10,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 9 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 12 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 13 polemarch polemarch NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 14 Euenetus Euenetus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 16 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 18 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 19 dispatched dispatch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 22 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 140 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 3 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 4 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 6 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 8 warned warn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 10 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 11 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 13 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 16 vale vale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 17 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 18 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 19 bypassed bypass VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 21 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 22 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 23 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 25 passes pass NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 29 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 31 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 32 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 33 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 36 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 37 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 38 retreated retreat VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 141 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 2 112 112 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 4 Shortly shortly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 5 afterwards afterwards RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 8 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 10 news news NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 12 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 14 crossed cross VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 16 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 142 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 2 112 112 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 5 abandonment abandonment NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 7 Tempe Tempe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 8 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 10 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 12 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 13 submitted submit VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 16 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 19 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 20 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 21 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 24 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 27 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 29 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 30 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 32 seemed seem VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 33 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 35 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 36 forthcoming forthcoming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 143 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 2 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 5 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 6 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 8 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 9 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 12 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 14 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 144 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 2 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 4 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 5 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 7 Boeotia Boeotia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 9 Attica Attica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 12 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 14 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 15 require require VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 17 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 19 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 21 travel travel VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 22 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 24 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 25 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 26 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 28 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 145 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 2 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 3 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 5 blocked block VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 10 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 12 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 13 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 15 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 146 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 1 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 4 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 6 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 8 bypassing bypass VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 9 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 11 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 14 allied allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 15 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 16 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 17 block block VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 19 straits strait NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 21 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 147 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 2 dual dual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 3 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 5 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 7 congress congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 148 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 2 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 7 Peloponnesian peloponnesian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 8 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 9 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 10 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 12 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 13 plans plan NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 15 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 17 Isthmus Isthmus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 19 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 20 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 22 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 26 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 28 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 30 children child NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 32 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 34 evacuated evacuate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 35 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 36 masse masse FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 39 Peloponnesian peloponnesian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 40 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 42 Troezen Troezen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 149 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 2 115 115 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 4 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 5 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 6 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 8 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 10 Artemisium[edit artemisium[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 12 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 13 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 15 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 17 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 19 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 21 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 22 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 24 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 26 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 28 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 30 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 31 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 150 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 3 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 4 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 6 news news NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 10 clearing clear VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 11 paths path NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 12 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 13 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 14 Olympus Olympus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 17 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 18 intending intend VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 20 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 21 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 22 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 25 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 26 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 28 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 30 truce truce NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 31 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 32 accompanied accompany VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 34 Olympic Olympic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 35 games game NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 39 Spartan spartan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 40 festival festival NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 42 Carneia Carneia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 44 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 45 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 48 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 49 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 50 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 51 sacrilegious sacrilegious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 151 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 4 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 7 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 8 considered consider VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 10 threat threat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 11 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 12 grave grave JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 15 despatched despatch VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 17 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 18 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 19 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 22 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 23 bodyguard bodyguard NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 26 Hippeis Hippeis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 29 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 30 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 33 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 34 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 37 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 38 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 39 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 42 Hippeis Hippeis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 43 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 44 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 46 veterans veteran NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 47 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 48 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 49 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 50 sons son NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 152 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 4 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 6 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 8 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 11 Peloponnesian peloponnesian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 12 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 13 allied ally VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 15 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 19 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 22 picked pick VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 23 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 24 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 25 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 27 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 153 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 5 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 6 proceeded proceed VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 8 occupy occupy VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 10 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 12 rebuilt rebuild VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 14 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 16 Phocians Phocians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 18 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 21 narrowest narrow JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 22 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 25 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 27 waited wait VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 29 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 31 arrival arrival NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 154 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 2 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 5 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 7 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 9 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 10 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 11 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 13 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 14 arrived arrive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 16 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 18 mid mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 19 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 20 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 23 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 24 waited wait VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 26 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 27 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 30 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 32 disperse disperse VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 155 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 2 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 4 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 5 persuaded persuade VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 9 intended intend VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 11 contest contest VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 13 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 15 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 16 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 18 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 20 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 156 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 2 118 118 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 7 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 8 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 10 ideally ideally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 11 suited suit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 13 hoplite hoplite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 14 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 17 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 18 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 19 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 20 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 22 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 24 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 25 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 157 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 2 119 119 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 5 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 7 withstood withstand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 8 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 9 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 10 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 12 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 14 everything everything NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 15 Xerxes xerxe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 16 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 17 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 19 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 158 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 5 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 8 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 9 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 13 betrayed betray VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 16 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 17 resident resident NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 18 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 19 Ephialtes Ephialtes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 20 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 21 revealed reveal VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 23 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 25 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 26 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 28 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 29 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 31 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 32 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 159 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 1 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 2 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 3 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 4 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 5 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 6 guards guard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 9 Immortals Immortals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 12 night night NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 13 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 15 outflank outflank VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 17 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 160 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 2 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 4 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 5 aware aware JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 8 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 10 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 12 Immortals Immortals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 14 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 15 en en IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 16 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 19 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 20 dismissed dismiss VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 22 bulk bulk NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 25 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 26 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 28 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 30 guard guard VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 32 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 34 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 35 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 37 700 700 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 38 Thespians Thespians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 40 400 400 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 41 Thebians Thebians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 43 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 45 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 46 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 47 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 161 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 3 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 4 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 7 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 10 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 11 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 12 sallied sally VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 13 forth forth RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 16 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 18 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 20 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 22 slaughter slaughter VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 23 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 24 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 27 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 162 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 2 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 4 Ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 9 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 10 rearguard rearguard NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 12 annihilated annihilate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 16 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 18 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 19 opened open VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 22 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 163 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 2 121 121 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 4 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 5 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 6 killing kill VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 8 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 9 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 164 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 1 Circa Circa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 2 500 500 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 3 BC–475 BC–475 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 4 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 10 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 165 11 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 166 1 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 166 2 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 166 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 166 4 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 166 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 1 Simultaneous simultaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 4 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 6 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 9 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 10 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 11 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 13 271 271 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 14 triremes trireme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 15 defended defend VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 17 Straits Straits NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 19 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 20 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 22 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 167 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 2 122 122 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 4 Directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 5 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 6 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 9 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 10 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 12 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 13 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 16 gale gale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 17 off off IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 19 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 21 Magnesia Magnesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 23 losing lose VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 24 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 25 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 28 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 29 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 30 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 31 muster muster VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 32 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 33 800 800 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 34 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 35 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 37 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 40 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 168 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 2 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 6 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 7 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 11 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 14 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 16 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 20 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 21 detached detach VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 22 200 200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 23 seaworthy seaworthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 24 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 26 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 28 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 30 sail sail VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 31 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 33 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 34 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 36 Euboea Euboea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 169 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 2 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 5 round round VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 6 Euboea Euboea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 8 block block VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 10 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 12 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 15 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 16 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 170 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 2 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 4 Meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 7 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 10 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 11 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 12 engaged engage VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 15 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 16 afternoon afternoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 19 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 20 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 22 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 25 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 27 capturing capture VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 28 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 29 vessels vessel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 171 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 2 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 4 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 5 evening evening NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 7 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 8 storm storm NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 9 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 11 wrecking wreck VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 13 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 16 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 17 detachment detachment NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 20 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 21 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 22 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 23 Euboea Euboea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 172 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 2 124 124 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 6 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 7 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 10 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 12 news news NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 13 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 15 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 18 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 20 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 22 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 23 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 24 threatened threaten VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 27 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 28 resolved resolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 30 maintain maintain VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 32 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 173 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 2 staged stage VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 4 hit hit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 8 run run VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 9 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 12 Cilician cilician JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 13 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 15 capturing capture VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 17 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 174 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 2 125 125 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 7 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 12 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 13 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 14 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 16 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 17 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 19 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 20 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 175 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 3 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 5 savage savage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 6 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 9 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 10 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 11 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 14 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 17 suffered suffer VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 18 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 19 losses[126 losses[126 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 22 half half PDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 24 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 25 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 27 damaged[127 damaged[127 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 30 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 31 nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 34 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 35 inflicted inflict VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 36 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 37 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 38 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 40 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 41 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 176 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 2 126 126 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 4 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 5 evening evening NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 9 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 10 news news NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 13 fate fate NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 15 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 18 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 20 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 177 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 3 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 4 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 6 badly badly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 7 damaged damage VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 10 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 12 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 13 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 14 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 16 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 18 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 20 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 23 retreated retreat VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 25 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 28 island island NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 30 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 178 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 2 128 128 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 4 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 5 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 6 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 8 Destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 10 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 12 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 14 Salamis[edit salamis[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 16 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 17 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 19 Destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 21 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 23 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 25 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 26 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 27 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 28 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 29 resisted resist VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 32 Acropolis Acropolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 34 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 36 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 38 stormed storm VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 40 burned burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 41 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 42 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 44 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 45 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 47 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 179 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 1 Remains remain NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 4 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 5 Temple Temple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 7 Athena Athena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 10 Acropolis Acropolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 12 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 15 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 17 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 18 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 19 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 21 Destruction Destruction NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 23 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 180 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 1 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 4 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 5 remains remain NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 6 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 7 Perserschutt Perserschutt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 11 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 12 rubble rubble NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 15 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 18 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 20 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 23 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 25 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 181 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 1 Photographed photograph VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 3 1866 1866 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 5 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 7 excavation excavation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 182 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 1 Victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 2 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 3 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 4 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 7 Boeotia Boeotia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 8 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 10 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 13 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 14 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 16 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 17 resisted resist VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 18 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 20 Thespiae Thespiae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 22 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 25 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 27 razed raze VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 183 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 1 Attica Attica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 4 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 5 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 7 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 11 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 12 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 14 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 16 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 17 evacuated evacuate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 21 aid aid NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 24 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 25 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 28 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 184 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 2 129 129 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 5 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 6 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 7 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 9 prepare prepare VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 11 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 12 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 13 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 15 Isthmus Isthmus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 17 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 19 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 21 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 24 demolishing demolish VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 26 road road NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 28 Megara Megara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 30 thereby thereby RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 31 abandoning abandon VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 32 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 35 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 185 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 2 130 130 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 4 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 5 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 10 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 11 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 12 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 186 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 5 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 6 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 8 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 11 barricaded barricade VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 12 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 15 Acropolis Acropolis NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 17 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 18 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 21 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 22 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 23 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 24 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 27 torched torch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 187 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 2 132 132 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 5 Acropolis Acropolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 7 razed raze VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 10 Older Older NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 11 Parthenon Parthenon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 12 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 13 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 16 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 17 Temple Temple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 19 Athena Athena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 21 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 188 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 2 133 133 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 8 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 9 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 11 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 14 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 16 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 18 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 19 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 20 defiance defiance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 23 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 25 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 26 priority priority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 28 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 30 complete complete VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 32 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 33 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 34 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 36 possible;[134 possible;[134 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 39 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 40 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 41 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 42 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 43 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 44 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 45 supplied supply VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 46 indefinitely indefinitely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 49 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 50 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 51 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 52 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 53 wish wish VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 54 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 55 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 56 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 58 fringe fringe NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 59 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 60 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 61 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 62 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 63 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 64 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 189 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 2 135 135 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 4 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 6 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 9 frontal frontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 10 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 11 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 13 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 14 defended defended JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 15 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 16 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 18 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 19 chance chance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 21 success;[136 success;[136 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 25 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 26 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 27 dug dig VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 28 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 29 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 31 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 33 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 35 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 36 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 37 chance chance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 40 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 41 conquering conquer VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 43 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 45 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 46 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 47 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 190 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 3 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 5 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 7 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 8 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 9 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 11 outflanked outflank VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 14 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 15 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 16 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 17 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 191 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 2 137][138 137][138 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 4 Such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 6 outflanking outflanking NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 9 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 10 required require VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 12 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 15 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 16 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 19 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 21 neutralisation neutralisation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 24 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 25 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 192 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 2 135][138 135][138 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 5 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 7 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 9 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 10 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 12 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 13 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 15 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 16 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 20 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 21 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 23 force force VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 25 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 26 surrender surrender NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 27 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 28 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 29 seemed seem VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 31 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 32 hope hope NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 34 concluding conclude VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 36 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 38 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 39 season season NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 193 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 2 135 135 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 4 Conversely conversely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 6 avoiding avoid VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 7 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 11 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 12 hoped hope VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 15 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 17 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 18 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 21 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 22 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 23 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 24 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 194 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 3 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 4 reckoning reckoning NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 6 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 7 sides side NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 9 prepared prepared JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 11 stake stake VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 12 everything everything NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 15 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 16 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 20 hope hope NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 22 decisively decisively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 23 altering alter VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 25 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 28 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 195 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 2 139 139 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 4 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 9 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 10 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 11 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 12 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 14 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 16 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 18 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 20 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 22 imminent imminent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 23 arrival arrival NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 26 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 196 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 2 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 3 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 4 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 7 advancing advance VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 8 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 9 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 12 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 13 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 14 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 15 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 16 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 18 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 20 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 22 trying try VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 24 lure lure VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 26 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 27 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 29 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 197 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 2 139][140 139][140 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 4 Partly partly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 7 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 9 subterfuge subterfuge NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 12 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 14 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 17 navies navy NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 18 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 19 engaged engage VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 22 cramped cramp VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 23 Straits Straits NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 25 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 198 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 2 136 136 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 4 There there RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 7 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 8 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 9 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 12 active active JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 13 hindrance hindrance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 16 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 17 struggled struggle VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 19 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 21 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 22 disorganised disorganised JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 199 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 2 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 4 Seizing seize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 6 opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 9 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 10 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 11 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 14 scored score VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 16 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 17 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 19 sinking sink VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 21 capturing capture VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 22 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 23 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 24 200 200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 25 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 26 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 29 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 30 ensuring ensure VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 32 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 33 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 34 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 35 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 36 outflanked outflank VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 200 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 2 142 142 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 10 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 11 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 12 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 14 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 16 causeway causeway NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 17 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 19 straits strait NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 21 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 22 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 24 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 25 Strabo Strabo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 27 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 28 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 29 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 30 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 31 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 33 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 201 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 2 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 3 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 6 project project NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 8 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 9 abandoned abandon VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 202 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 3 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 4 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 5 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 6 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 7 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 9 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 10 feared fear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 14 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 15 sail sail VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 18 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 20 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 22 pontoon pontoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 23 bridges bridge NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 203 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 2 143 143 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 8 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 9 volunteered volunteer VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 11 remain remain VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 13 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 15 complete complete VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 17 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 20 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 22 picked pick VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 23 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 25 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 27 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 28 advising advise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 29 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 31 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 33 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 34 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 36 bulk bulk NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 39 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 204 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 2 144 144 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 4 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 9 abandoned abandon VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 10 Attica Attica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 13 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 14 over over RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 16 wintering wintering JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 18 Boeotia Boeotia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 20 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 205 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 2 134 134 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 7 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 8 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 10 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 13 burnt burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 15 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 16 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 19 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 206 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 2 134 134 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 8 evacuate evacuate VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 9 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 11 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 14 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 15 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 17 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 19 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 20 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 21 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 207 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 4 Autumn Autumn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 5 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 6 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 7 480/479 480/479 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 8 BC[edit BC[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 10 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 12 Potidaea[edit potidaea[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 14 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 16 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 18 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 19 general general NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 20 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 22 Artabazus Artabazus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 23 escorted escort VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 24 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 27 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 29 60,000 60,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 30 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 33 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 34 neared near VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 35 Pallene Pallene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 36 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 38 return return NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 39 journey journey NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 40 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 41 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 42 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 43 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 44 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 45 thought think VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 46 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 47 right right RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 48 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 49 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 50 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 51 enslave enslave VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 53 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 55 Potidaea Potidaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 57 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 58 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 59 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 61 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 63 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 208 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 2 145 145 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 4 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 5 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 7 capture capture VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 8 Potidaea Potidaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 10 treachery,[146 treachery,[146 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 13 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 15 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 17 keep keep VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 18 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 20 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 22 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 23 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 209 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 2 147 147 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 4 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 6 attempting attempt VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 8 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 10 unusually unusually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 11 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 12 tide tide NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 14 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 16 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 18 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 21 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 22 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 24 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 27 returning return VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 28 tide tide NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 30 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 31 drowning drown VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 34 survivors survivor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 35 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 36 attacked attack VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 37 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 39 Potideans Potideans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 41 boats boat NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 210 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 2 147 147 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 4 Artabazus Artabazus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 7 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 9 lift lift VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 11 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 14 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 16 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 18 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 21 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 24 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 211 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 2 147 147 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 4 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 6 Olynthus[edit olynthus[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 8 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 9 besieging besiege VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 10 Potidea Potidea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 12 Artabazus Artabazus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 13 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 14 decided decide VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 16 besiege besiege VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 17 Olynthus Olynthus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 21 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 23 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 212 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 2 148 148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 5 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 7 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 10 Bottiaean Bottiaean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 11 tribe tribe NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 13 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 15 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 16 driven drive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 17 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 19 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 213 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 2 148 148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 4 Having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 5 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 7 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 9 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 10 massacred massacre VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 12 defenders defender NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 14 handed hand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 15 over over RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 17 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 20 Chalcidian chalcidian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 21 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 214 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 2 148 148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 4 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 5 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 6 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 8 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 10 Mycale[edit Mycale[edit NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 12 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 13 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 15 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 17 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 19 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 21 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 22 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 24 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 215 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 1 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 3 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 5 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 6 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 10 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 11 tension tension NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 14 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 216 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 2 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 10 protected protect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 13 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 16 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 17 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 20 key key NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 23 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 26 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 28 felt feel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 29 hard hard RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 30 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 217 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 2 demanded demand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 4 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 5 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 6 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 7 north north NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 9 following following JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 10 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 218 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 2 149 149 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 4 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 7 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 8 failed fail VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 10 commit commit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 15 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 16 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 17 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 18 refused refuse VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 20 join join VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 22 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 23 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 26 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 219 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 2 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 5 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 8 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 10 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 13 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 14 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 15 Leotychides Leotychides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 17 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 18 skulked skulk VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 19 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 20 Delos Delos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 24 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 27 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 28 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 29 skulked skulk VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 30 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 31 Samos Samos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 33 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 34 sides side NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 35 unwilling unwilling JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 37 risk risk VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 38 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 220 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 2 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 4 Similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 6 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 7 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 9 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 11 knowing know VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 13 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 16 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 18 pointless pointless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 20 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 22 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 23 refused refuse VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 25 send send VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 26 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 27 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 28 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 30 Peloponessus Peloponessus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 221 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 2 149 149 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 4 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 5 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 7 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 9 stalemate stalemate NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 12 offering offer VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 13 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 15 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 17 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 19 territorial territorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 20 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 23 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 27 aim aim NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 29 thereby thereby RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 30 removing remove VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 32 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 35 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 36 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 39 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 40 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 41 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 43 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 44 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 45 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 46 intermediary intermediary NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 222 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 2 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 6 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 7 sure sure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 10 Spartan spartan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 11 delegation delegation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 14 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 16 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 18 offer offer NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 21 rejected reject VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 223 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 2 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 4 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 6 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 7 evacuated evacuate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 8 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 12 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 13 marched march VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 14 south south RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 16 re re JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 17 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 18 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 19 possession possession NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 224 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 2 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 4 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 5 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 6 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 7 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 8 thorough thorough JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 9 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 12 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 225 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 8 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 10 burnt burn VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 11 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 13 utterly utterly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 14 overthrew overthrew JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 16 demolished demolish VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 17 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 18 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 20 house house NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 22 temple temple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 24 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 25 standing stand VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 226 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 2 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 4 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 5 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 6 repeated repeat VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 7 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 8 offer offer NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 10 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 13 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 14 refugees refugee NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 16 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 227 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 1 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 3 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 5 Megara Megara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 7 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 9 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 10 emissaries emissary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 12 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 13 demanding demand VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 14 assistance assistance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 17 threatening threaten VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 19 accept accept VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 21 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 22 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 23 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 228 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 2 151 151 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 5 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 10 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 11 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 12 celebrating celebrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 14 festival festival NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 16 Hyacinthus Hyacinthus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 18 delayed delay VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 19 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 21 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 23 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 24 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 229 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 2 152 152 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 6 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 8 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 9 emissaries emissary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 10 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 11 delivered deliver VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 13 ultimatum ultimatum NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 16 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 20 amazed amazed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 22 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 23 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 25 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 26 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 29 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 30 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 31 marching march VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 33 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 35 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 230 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 2 153 153 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 5 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 6 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 8 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 231 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 2 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 3 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 4 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 5 disorganised disorganise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 9 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 10 cross cross VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 12 Asopus Asopus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 14 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 232 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 2 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 3 heard hear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 6 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 11 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 13 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 14 retreated retreat VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 16 Boeotia Boeotia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 18 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 19 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 21 trying try VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 23 draw draw VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 25 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 26 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 27 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 28 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 29 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 30 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 31 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 32 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 33 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 34 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 233 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 2 154 154 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 9 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 11 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 14 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 15 regent regent NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 16 Pausanias Pausanias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 18 stayed stay VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 20 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 21 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 22 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 23 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 25 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 26 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 27 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 28 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 29 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 234 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 2 155 155 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 4 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 5 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 7 hit hit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 11 run run VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 12 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 13 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 16 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 17 lines,[156 lines,[156 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 21 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 23 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 26 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 27 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 28 killed kill VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 235 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 2 157 157 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 5 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 6 prompted prompt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 10 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 14 nearer nearer IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 16 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 17 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 19 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 21 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 22 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 236 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 2 158 158 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 6 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 9 Allied allied JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 10 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 12 communication communication NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 14 exposed expose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 237 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 3 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 4 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 6 intercept intercept VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 7 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 8 deliveries delivery NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 10 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 11 managed manage VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 13 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 15 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 16 spring spring NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 18 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 19 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 22 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 238 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 2 155 155 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 6 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 8 undermined undermine VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 10 Pausanias Pausanias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 11 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 13 night night NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 15 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 16 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 17 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 19 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 20 positions position NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 239 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 2 155 155 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 5 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 6 awry awry JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 8 leaving leave VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 10 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 13 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 15 Tegeans Tegeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 16 isolated isolate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 18 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 19 hills hill NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 24 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 25 scattered scatter VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 26 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 27 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 29 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 30 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 31 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 240 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 2 155 155 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 4 Seeing see VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 6 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 8 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 11 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 12 opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 14 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 16 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 17 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 19 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 20 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 21 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 241 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 2 159][160 159][160 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 8 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 11 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 12 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 13 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 14 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 15 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 18 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 19 armoured armoured JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 20 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 21 hoplites,[161 hoplites,[161 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 25 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 26 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 27 through through RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 29 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 31 bodyguard bodyguard NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 33 killed kill VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 34 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 242 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 2 162 162 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 5 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 6 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 7 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 8 dissolved dissolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 10 rout rout NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 12 40,000 40,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 13 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 14 managed manage VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 16 escape escape VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 17 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 19 road road NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 21 Thessaly,[163 Thessaly,[163 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 25 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 26 fled flee VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 29 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 30 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 31 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 32 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 34 trapped trap VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 36 slaughtered slaughter VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 37 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 39 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 41 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 42 finalising finalise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 43 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 44 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 243 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 2 160][164 160][164 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 4 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 5 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 8 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 10 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 12 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 13 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 15 Sacae Sacae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 17 Indians Indians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 19 Bactrians Bactrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 21 Medes Medes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 23 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 25 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 26 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 27 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 244 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 3 afternoon afternoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 6 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 8 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 10 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 11 tells tell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 12 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 13 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 14 rumour rumour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 17 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 18 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 19 reached reach VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 21 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 22 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 25 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 26 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 27 off off IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 29 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 31 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 32 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 34 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 245 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 2 165 165 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 4 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 5 morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 6 boosted boost VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 9 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 10 marines marines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 11 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 13 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 15 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 16 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 19 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 21 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 23 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 24 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 26 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 28 remnants remnant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 31 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 32 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 246 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 4 As as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 5 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 8 Peloponnesians Peloponnesians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 10 marched march VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 11 north north RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 14 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 17 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 18 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 19 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 20 Xanthippus Xanthippus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 22 joined join VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 23 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 26 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 29 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 30 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 247 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 5 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 8 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 10 match match VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 12 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 15 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 16 sailed sail VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 18 Samos Samos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 20 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 23 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 25 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 248 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 2 167 167 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 7 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 8 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 12 poor poor JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 13 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 15 repair repair NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 18 decided decide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 21 risk risk VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 22 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 24 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 25 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 27 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 28 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 31 beach beach NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 32 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 33 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 249 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 2 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 4 60,000 60,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 5 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 8 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 9 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 11 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 15 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 16 joined join VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 20 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 22 palisade palisade NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 23 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 25 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 27 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 29 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 250 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 2 167 167 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 6 Leotychides Leotychides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 7 decided decide VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 9 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 11 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 14 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 15 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 17 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 251 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 4 Seeing see VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 6 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 7 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 10 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 11 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 14 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 15 emerged emerge VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 18 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 22 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 23 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 24 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 25 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 27 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 28 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 31 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 32 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 252 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 5 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 7 abandoned abandon VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 10 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 12 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 13 burnt burn VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 14 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 16 crippling crippling JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 17 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 18 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 19 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 20 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 23 marking mark VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 25 ascendancy ascendancy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 28 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 29 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 253 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 4 Aftermath[edit aftermath[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 7 Serpent Serpent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 8 Column Column NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 11 monument monument NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 12 dedicated dedicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 15 victorious victorious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 16 Allies Allies NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 17 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 18 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 20 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 22 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 23 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 25 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 28 Delian Delian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 29 League League NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 30 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 32 twin twin JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 33 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 35 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 37 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 40 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 41 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 42 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 44 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 45 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 46 over over RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 254 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 4 threat threat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 6 future future JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 7 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 9 abated abate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 11 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 14 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 15 worried worried JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 17 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 18 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 19 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 20 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 22 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 23 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 25 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 26 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 29 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 30 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 32 conquer conquer VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 33 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 35 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 36 diminished diminish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 255 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 2 168 168 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 5 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 6 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 7 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 8 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 10 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 13 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 14 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 17 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 20 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 21 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 256 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 2 169 169 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 6 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 8 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 11 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 12 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 13 sailed sail VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 16 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 18 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 19 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 21 pontoon pontoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 22 bridges bridge NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 25 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 27 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 29 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 30 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 257 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 2 170 170 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 5 Peloponnesians Peloponnesians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 6 sailed sail VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 7 home home RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 11 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 12 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 14 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 16 Chersonesos Chersonesos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 18 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 19 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 22 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 258 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 2 170 170 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 8 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 12 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 13 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 15 Sestos Sestos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 18 strongest strong JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 19 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 22 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 24 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 26 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 27 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 28 laid lay VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 29 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 32 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 34 protracted protract VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 35 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 37 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 38 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 41 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 259 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 2 171 171 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 5 ended end VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 7 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 10 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 12 Sestos Sestos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 260 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 1 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 3 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 4 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 5 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 8 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 10 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 12 Athenian Athenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 14 dominated dominate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 15 Delian Delian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 16 League League NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 18 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 19 expel expel VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 21 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 23 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 25 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 28 Aegean aegean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 29 islands island NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 31 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 261 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 2 171 171 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 5 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 6 maintained maintain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 8 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 9 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 12 doorstep doorstep NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 14 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 17 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 19 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 20 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 21 465 465 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 22 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 262 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 2 477–455 477–455 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 3 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 5 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 7 Thucydides Thucydides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 10 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 11 campaigned campaign VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 12 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 14 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 16 Eion eion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 20 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 23 Strymon Strymon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 24 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 263 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 2 172 172 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 4 Eion eion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 9 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 10 garrisons garrison NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 11 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 13 Thrace thrace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 14 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 16 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 18 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 19 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 20 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 22 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 24 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 264 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 2 173 173 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 6 alludes allude VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 9 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 10 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 12 presumably presumably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 13 Athenian Athenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 16 dislodge dislodge VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 18 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 19 governor governor NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 21 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 23 Mascames Mascames NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 265 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 2 173 173 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 5 Achaemenids Achaemenids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 6 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 7 removed remove VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 8 Mascames Mascames NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 11 garrison garrison NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 13 Doriskos Doriskos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 14 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 15 465 465 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 266 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 1 Peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 3 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 4 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 6 449 449 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 7 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 10 Peace Peace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 12 Callias Callias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 14 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 15 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 17 half half JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 19 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 21 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 267 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 2 171 171 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 4 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 5 analysis[edit analysis[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 7 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 8 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 10 Hoplite Hoplite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 12 Phalanx Phalanx NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 14 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 15 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 17 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 19 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 20 honed hone VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 21 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 23 preceding precede VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 24 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 268 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 2 174][175 174][175 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 5 revolved revolve VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 6 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 8 hoplite hoplite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 10 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 13 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 15 classes class NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 18 zeugites zeugites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 20 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 22 afford afford VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 24 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 25 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 27 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 29 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 30 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 269 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 2 176 176 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 5 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 10 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 13 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 15 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 16 armoured armoured JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 19 linothorax linothorax NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 22 breastplate breastplate NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 24 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 25 bronze bronze NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 28 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 30 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 31 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 32 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 34 organic organic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 35 materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 36 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 38 linen linen NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 40 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 41 linothroax linothroax VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 44 leather leather NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 46 greaves greave NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 48 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 49 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 50 helmet helmet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 53 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 54 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 55 round round JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 56 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 59 aspis aspis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 270 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 2 175 175 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 4 Hoplites Hoplites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 6 armed arm VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 9 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 10 spear spear NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 13 doru doru NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 18 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 19 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 20 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 21 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 23 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 27 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 30 xiphos xiphos NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 271 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 2 175 175 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 4 Hoplites Hoplites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 5 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 8 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 9 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 12 exact exact JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 13 details detail NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 16 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 17 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 23 close close RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 25 knit knit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 26 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 28 presenting present VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 30 uniform uniform JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 31 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 33 overlapping overlap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 34 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 37 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 41 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 272 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 2 174 174 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 4 Properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 5 assembled assemble VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 8 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 11 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 12 offensive offensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 14 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 15 weapon;[177][178 weapon;[177][178 , en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 18 occasions occasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 19 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 22 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 24 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 25 happened happen VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 28 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 30 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 31 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 33 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 34 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 36 defeat defeat VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 38 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 39 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 40 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 273 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 2 177 177 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 7 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 11 leather leather NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 12 armor armor NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 15 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 16 untanned untanned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 18 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 19 tanned tan VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 20 rawhide rawhide NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 21 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 23 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 24 tanned tan VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 25 leather leather NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 27 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 28 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 29 tests test NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 30 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 31 concluded conclude VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 32 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 33 plain plain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 35 treated treat VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 36 rawhide rawhide NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 39 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 40 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 41 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 42 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 43 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 44 armor armor NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 45 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 46 leather leather NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 274 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 2 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 5 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 7 vulnerable vulnerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 9 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 10 outflanked outflank VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 12 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 14 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 15 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 18 wrong wrong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 19 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 21 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 275 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 2 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 5 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 7 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 8 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 10 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 11 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 12 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 13 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 14 excellent excellent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 15 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 17 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 21 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 22 combat[175 combat[175 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 25 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 26 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 27 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 28 protection protection NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 29 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 30 ranged ranged JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 31 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 33 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 34 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 36 skirmishers skirmisher NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 276 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 2 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 4 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 5 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 7 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 9 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 11 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 14 reasonable reasonable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 15 chance chance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 17 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 18 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 277 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 2 175 175 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 4 Diagram Diagram NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 5 reconstructing reconstruct VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 7 armament armament NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 10 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 11 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 13 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 14 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 18 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 21 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 22 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 23 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 25 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 27 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 278 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 3 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 5 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 7 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 10 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 12 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 13 conformity conformity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 16 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 18 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 20 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 22 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 279 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 5 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 8 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 9 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 11 armed arm VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 14 bow bow NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 16 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 17 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 18 spear spear NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 19 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 21 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 23 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 25 wicker wicker NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 26 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 28 wore wear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 30 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 32 leather leather NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 33 jerkin jerkin NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 280 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 2 181][182 181][182 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 6 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 10 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 11 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 13 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 14 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 15 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 17 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 18 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 19 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 20 worn wear VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 22 corslet corslet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 24 scaled scale VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 25 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 281 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 7 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 8 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 11 armed arm VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 12 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 13 differently;[181 differently;[181 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 16 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 19 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 21 renowned renowned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 22 axemen axeman NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 282 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 2 183 183 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 6 elite elite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 8 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 11 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 12 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 13 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 15 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 16 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 18 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 19 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 21 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 23 Cissians Cissians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 26 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 283 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 5 foremost foremost NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 8 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 11 royal royal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 12 guards guard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 15 Immortals Immortals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 17 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 20 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 21 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 24 aforementioned aforementioned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 25 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 284 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 2 181][184 181][184 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 4 Cavalry Cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 6 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 9 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 11 Bactrians Bactrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 13 Medes Medes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 15 Cissians Cissians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 17 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 19 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 21 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 22 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 23 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 25 lightly lightly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 26 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 27 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 28 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 285 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 2 181][185 181][185 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 5 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 7 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 8 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 11 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 13 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 15 stand stand VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 16 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 19 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 21 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 23 bows bow NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 26 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 29 wear wear VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 30 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 32 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 33 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 34 closing close VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 35 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 37 deliver deliver VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 39 coup coup FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 40 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 41 grace grace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 42 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 43 spear spear NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 45 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 286 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 4 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 5 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 7 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 8 Immortals Immortals NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 11 frieze frieze NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 13 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 15 palace palace NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 17 Susa Susa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 287 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 1 Silicious silicious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 2 glazed glaze VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 3 bricks brick NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 5 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 6 510 510 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 7 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 9 Louvre Louvre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 288 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 2 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 4 encountered encounter VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 5 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 7 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 8 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 10 Ephesus Ephesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 14 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 16 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 17 routed route VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 20 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 21 exhausted exhausted JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 23 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 289 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 2 186 186 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 8 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 10 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 13 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 14 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 16 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 18 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 19 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 21 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 22 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 24 albeit albeit IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 27 absence absence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 29 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 30 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 290 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 2 187 187 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 6 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 7 slightly slightly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 8 surprising surprising JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 11 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 14 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 15 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 16 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 19 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 20 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 22 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 23 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 25 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 27 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 29 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 291 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 4 Equally equally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 7 tells tell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 8 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 11 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 12 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 13 serving serve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 16 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 18 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 19 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 22 performed perform VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 23 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 24 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 26 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 27 marines marine NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 29 yet yet CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 30 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 31 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 32 contingent contingent NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 33 served serve VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 36 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 292 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 2 175 175 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 8 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 9 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 10 trusted trust VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 12 Ionians Ionians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 14 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 16 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 17 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 19 recently recently RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 20 revolted revolt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 21 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 23 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 293 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 3 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 7 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 9 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 11 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 13 questioned question VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 14 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 15 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 17 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 19 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 20 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 23 navy navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 294 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 2 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 3 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 4 tried try VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 6 play play VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 9 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 10 fears fear NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 11 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 13 reliability reliability NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 16 Ionians Ionians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 18 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 19 service;[188][189 service;[188][189 , en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 23 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 24 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 26 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 27 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 28 tell tell VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 30 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 32 Ionians Ionians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 34 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 35 performed perform VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 36 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 37 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 38 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 40 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 41 navy navy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 295 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 5 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 6 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 7 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 10 neither neither CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 12 Ionians Ionians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 13 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 14 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 16 included include VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 19 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 20 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 23 serving serve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 26 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 27 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 28 none none NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 31 coastal coastal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 32 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 35 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 36 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 37 appear appear VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 39 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 40 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 41 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 42 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 44 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 296 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 2 181 181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 6 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 7 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 8 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 9 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 12 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 15 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 16 clearly clearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 17 adjusted adjust VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 19 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 21 nullify nullify VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 23 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 24 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 26 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 28 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 31 occupying occupy VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 33 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 35 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 38 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 39 staying stay VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 40 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 41 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 42 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 43 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 44 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 297 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 2 190 190 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 5 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 7 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 9 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 10 outflanking outflank VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 12 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 15 revealed reveal VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 18 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 19 signally signally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 20 failed fail VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 22 adjust adjust VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 24 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 27 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 29 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 31 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 32 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 33 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 34 chosen choose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 36 limit limit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 38 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 39 options option NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 298 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 2 184][191 184][191 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 5 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 8 harassing harassing NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 11 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 12 positions position NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 14 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 17 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 18 tactic tactic NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 20 forcing force VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 22 precipitous precipitous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 25 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 26 disastrous disastrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 28 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 30 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 32 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 33 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 34 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 35 about about RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 37 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 38 melee melee NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 39 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 41 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 43 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 44 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 47 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 48 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 299 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 5 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 7 Mycale Mycale NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 8 reveal reveal VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 10 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 11 story story NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 13 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 14 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 15 committing commit VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 16 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 19 melee melee NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 21 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 24 disastrous disastrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 25 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 300 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 2 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 7 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 9 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 11 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 12 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 14 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 15 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 18 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 20 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 21 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 301 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 2 193 193 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 6 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 7 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 10 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 11 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 15 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 18 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 21 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 22 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 24 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 25 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 26 seriously seriously RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 27 underestimated underestimate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 29 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 32 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 35 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 36 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 38 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 40 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 42 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 43 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 44 contributed contribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 45 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 47 eventual eventual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 48 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 49 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 302 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 2 181][193 181][193 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 4 Strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 5 analysis[edit analysis[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 8 Scythians Scythians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 10 Sakas Sakas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 12 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 14 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 15 portion portion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 18 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 19 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 303 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 1 Detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 4 tomb tomb NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 6 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 9 Naqsh Naqsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 11 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 12 Rostam Rostam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 14 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 15 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 304 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 3 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 6 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 10 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 13 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 14 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 15 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 16 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 305 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 4 Regardless regardless RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 6 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 7 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 8 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 12 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 15 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 16 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 17 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 19 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 20 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 22 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 24 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 26 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 306 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 2 2][195 2][195 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 8 unified unified JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 9 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 13 everyone everyone NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 15 answerable answerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 18 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 307 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 2 196 196 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 7 hugely hugely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 8 efficient efficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 9 bureaucracy bureaucracy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 12 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 13 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 15 undertake undertake VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 16 remarkable remarkable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 17 feats feat NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 19 planning planning NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 308 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 2 26][197][198 26][197][198 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 5 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 6 generals general NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 7 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 8 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 9 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 11 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 12 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 14 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 15 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 19 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 20 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 22 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 23 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 309 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 2 199 199 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 7 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 8 excelled excel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 11 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 13 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 15 diplomacy diplomacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 17 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 20 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 24 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 25 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 27 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 29 divide divide VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 33 conquer conquer VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 35 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 310 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 2 200][201][202 200][201][202 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 8 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 11 fragmented fragment VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 14 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 15 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 17 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 18 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 20 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 21 actively actively RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 22 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 24 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 25 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 27 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 28 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 29 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 30 prone prone JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 32 quarrel quarrel VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 34 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 35 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 311 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 2 203 203 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 6 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 7 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 9 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 11 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 12 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 14 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 15 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 16 restricted restrict VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 18 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 20 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 21 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 22 warfare,[204 warfare,[204 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 26 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 28 chosen choose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 29 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 32 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 35 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 37 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 38 standing standing NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 40 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 41 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 42 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 44 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 45 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 46 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 47 expertise expertise NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 312 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 2 205 205 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 5 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 6 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 7 asks ask VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 10 So so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 11 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 14 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 15 fail fail VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 313 16 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 3 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 6 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 7 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 9 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 10 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 12 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 14 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 15 progress progress VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 16 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 17 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 19 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 20 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 314 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 5 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 7 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 8 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 12 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 14 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 16 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 18 submit submit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 20 risk risk VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 21 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 24 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 26 happened happen VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 29 Thessalian thessalian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 31 Locrian locrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 33 Phocian phocian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 34 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 35 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 36 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 37 resisted resist VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 39 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 40 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 41 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 42 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 43 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 45 submit submit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 46 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 48 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 49 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 315 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 2 206][207 206][207 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 4 Conversely conversely RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 7 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 8 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 10 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 12 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 14 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 16 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 17 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 19 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 20 north north RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 22 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 25 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 26 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 28 submission submission NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 30 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 31 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 32 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 33 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 35 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 316 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 4 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 8 Allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 9 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 11 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 12 realised realise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 14 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 16 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 17 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 18 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 19 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 22 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 23 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 24 chance chance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 26 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 27 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 30 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 32 opted opt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 34 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 36 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 37 geographical geographical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 38 bottle bottle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 40 necks neck NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 42 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 44 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 45 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 46 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 47 count count VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 49 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 317 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 5 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 6 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 7 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 9 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 10 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 11 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 13 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 16 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 318 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 1 Initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 3 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 5 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 7 Tempe Tempe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 8 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 10 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 12 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 14 Thessaly Thessaly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 319 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 6 realised realise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 9 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 11 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 16 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 18 next next RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 19 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 20 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 21 northerly northerly JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 22 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 25 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 26 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 27 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 28 axis axi NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 320 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 6 performance performance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 8 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 10 initially initially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 11 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 16 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 18 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 19 guard guard VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 21 path path NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 23 outflanked outflank VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 24 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 25 undermined undermine VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 27 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 30 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 32 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 321 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 5 Artemisium Artemisium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 7 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 9 scored score VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 10 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 11 successes success NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 14 withdrew withdraw VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 15 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 18 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 19 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 20 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 21 sustained sustain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 24 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 26 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 28 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 29 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 31 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 32 irrelevant irrelevant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 322 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 2 208 208 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 4 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 5 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 8 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 9 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 11 succeeded succeed VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 13 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 15 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 16 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 18 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 21 disaster disaster NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 23 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 24 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 323 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 3 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 6 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 324 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 1 Detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 4 tomb tomb NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 6 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 7 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 9 Naqsh Naqsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 11 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 12 Rostam Rostam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 14 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 15 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 325 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 2 defence defence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 5 Isthmus Isthmus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 7 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 10 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 11 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 13 nature nature NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 16 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 326 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 2 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 3 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 5 attempt attempt VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 7 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 9 isthmus isthmus NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 11 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 13 realising realise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 15 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 16 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 18 breach breach VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 327 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 2 209][210 209][210 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 5 essentially essentially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 6 reduced reduce VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 8 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 11 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 12 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 328 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 4 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 5 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 6 proposed propose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 7 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 10 hindsight hindsight NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 12 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 13 masterstroke masterstroke NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 16 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 17 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 20 lure lure VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 22 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 23 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 25 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 28 straits strait NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 30 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 329 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 2 194][211 194][211 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 6 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 7 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 12 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 14 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 15 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 18 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 20 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 21 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 22 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 24 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 26 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 27 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 29 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 30 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 31 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 32 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 34 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 35 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 36 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 37 overconfident overconfident NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 38 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 39 overeager overeager JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 41 finish finish VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 43 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 330 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 2 194][212 194][212 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 4 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 7 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 8 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 10 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 11 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 13 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 14 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 16 ascribed ascribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 19 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 20 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 21 blunder blunder NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 331 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 5 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 8 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 9 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 10 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 332 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 1 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 2 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 4 exploit exploit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 5 dissensions dissension NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 8 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 10 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 12 fracture fracture VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 14 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 333 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 5 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 7 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 8 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 10 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 11 over over RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 13 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 16 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 17 leave leave VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 19 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 20 fleet fleet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 21 unable unable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 23 oppose oppose VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 24 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 25 landings landing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 28 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 334 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 2 149 149 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 4 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 5 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 6 tells tell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 7 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 9 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 11 keen keen JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 13 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 15 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 16 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 19 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 22 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 24 up up NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 26 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 29 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 30 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 32 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 335 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 4 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 5 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 7 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 9 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 11 accept accept VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 12 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 14 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 15 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 18 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 19 waited wait VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 20 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 23 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 25 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 30 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 32 collapse collapse VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 33 ignominiously ignominiously RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 336 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 6 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 8 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 9 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 11 something something NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 14 mess mess NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 17 Peloponnesians Peloponnesians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 18 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 19 agreed agree VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 21 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 22 north north NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 24 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 26 save save VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 28 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 32 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 35 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 36 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 37 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 38 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 39 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 40 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 41 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 42 force force VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 44 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 45 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 46 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 47 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 48 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 337 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 7 botched botched JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 8 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 10 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 12 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 13 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 14 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 15 delivered deliver VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 17 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 18 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 21 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 338 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 4 Mardonius Mardonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 5 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 7 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 8 overeager overeager JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 10 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 12 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 14 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 15 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 17 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 19 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 23 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 24 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 25 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 26 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 29 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 30 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 31 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 32 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 34 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 37 melee melee NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 339 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 5 Allied Allied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 6 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 8 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 9 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 11 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 13 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 15 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 17 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 20 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 21 mistake mistake NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 340 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 4 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 7 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 8 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 11 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 12 partly partly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 15 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 17 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 18 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 19 mistakes mistake NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 21 handed hand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 23 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 24 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 25 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 28 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 30 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 31 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 34 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 341 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 5 Allied allied JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 6 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 8 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 9 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 12 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 15 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 16 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 17 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 20 freedom freedom NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 342 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 2 213 213 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 5 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 7 played play VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 9 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 12 certainly certainly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 14 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 15 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 17 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 18 interpreted interpret VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 20 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 22 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 23 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 343 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 2 214 214 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 4 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 5 crucial crucial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 6 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 9 Allied allied JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 10 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 14 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 15 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 17 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 19 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 20 fractious fractious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 23 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 24 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 26 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 28 despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 30 odds odd NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 344 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 2 192 192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 4 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 5 appear appear VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 7 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 9 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 10 occasions occasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 11 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 13 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 14 seemed seem VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 16 doubt doubt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 19 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 21 withstood withstand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 24 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 26 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 27 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 29 defeat defeat VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 31 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 33 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 34 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 35 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 36 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 37 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 39 occupation occupation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 41 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 43 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 46 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 47 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 48 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 49 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 50 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 345 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 2 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 6 exemplified exemplify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 9 remarkable remarkable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 10 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 13 citizens citizen NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 15 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 17 Thespiae Thespiae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 19 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 20 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 22 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 23 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 24 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 26 exile exile NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 27 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 28 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 29 submit submit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 32 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 346 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 2 215 215 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 4 Ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 7 Allies Allies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 8 succeeded succeed VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 9 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 10 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 11 avoided avoid VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 12 catastrophic catastrophic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 13 defeats,[194 defeats,[194 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 15 stuck stick VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 18 alliance,[192 alliance,[192 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 20 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 21 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 23 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 24 mistakes,[192 mistakes,[192 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 27 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 30 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 32 possessed possess VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 34 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 36 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 37 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 38 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 39 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 40 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 41 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 43 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 46 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 49 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 51 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 52 Plataea Plataea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 54 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 55 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 56 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 57 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 59 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 60 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 61 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 347 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 2 175 175 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 4 Significance[edit significance[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 6 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 7 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 9 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 10 warrior warrior NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 11 depicted depict VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 12 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 348 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 1 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 2 kylix kylix NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 4 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 5 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 6 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 349 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 3 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 4 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 6 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 9 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 11 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 12 significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 14 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 15 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 350 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 2 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 3 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 5 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 6 hold hold VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 10 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 11 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 12 conquered conquer VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 15 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 16 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 17 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 19 lies lie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 22 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 24 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 25 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 26 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 27 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 28 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 29 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 33 extension extension NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 34 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 35 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 36 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 351 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 2 216][217][218 216][217][218 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 9 exaggeration exaggeration NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 13 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 15 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 18 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 20 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 21 understood understand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 22 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 23 something something NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 24 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 25 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 26 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 27 happened happen VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 352 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 2 219 219 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 4 Militarily militarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 6 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 9 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 12 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 14 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 16 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 17 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 18 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 20 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 21 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 24 commentator commentator NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 25 suggesting suggest VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 26 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 28 something something NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 32 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 33 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 34 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 37 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 39 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 40 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 42 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 43 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 44 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 45 generals general NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 46 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 47 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 49 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 353 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 2 220 220 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 4 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 6 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 10 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 11 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 14 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 16 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 19 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 20 multiplier,[221 multiplier,[221 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 23 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 24 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 25 ruse ruse NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 26 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 27 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 30 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 31 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 34 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 36 deception deception NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 38 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 354 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 2 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 3 lesson lesson NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 6 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 8 reaffirming reaffirm VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 10 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 13 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 15 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 19 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 22 hoplite hoplite NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 24 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 26 quarters quarter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 27 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 28 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 30 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 32 lightly lightly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 33 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 34 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 35 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 355 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 2 168][175 168][175 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 4 Taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 7 lesson lesson NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 10 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 11 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 12 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 13 later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 15 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 17 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 18 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 20 start start VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 21 recruiting recruit VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 23 relying rely VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 25 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 26 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 356 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 2 222 222 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 4 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 6 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 8 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 9 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 10 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 11 Shahbazi shahbazi JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 12 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 14 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 15   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 16 129 129 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 357 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 5 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 7 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 8 Souza Souza NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 11 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 14 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 15 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 16 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 18 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 19 237 237 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 20 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 21 Cicero Cicero NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 23 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 25 Laws Laws NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 26 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 28 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 31 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 32 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 33 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 35 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 358 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 359 1 xvi xvi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 359 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5531 359 3 xvii xvii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 359 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 2 Thucydides thucydide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 7 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 8 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 360 10 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 3 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 6 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 7 Finley Finley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 10 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 361 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 2 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 4 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 5 xxiv xxiv NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 362 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 363 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 363 2 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 363 3 Pipes Pipes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 363 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 2 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 4 Father Father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 6 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 8 Father Father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 10 Lies Lies NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 364 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 6 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 7 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 9 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 365 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 2 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 366 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 4 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 6 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 7 377 377 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 367 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 368 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 368 2 Fehling Fehling NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 368 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 368 4 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 368 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 369 1 1–277 1–277 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 369 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 2 Diodorus Diodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 3 Siculus Siculus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 5 Bibliotheca Bibliotheca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 6 Historica Historica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 8 XI XI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 10 28–34 28–34 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 11 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 12 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 14 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 15 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 17 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 18 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 20 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 21 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 23 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 24 47–55 47–55 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 25 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 27 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 28 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 30 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 31 203 203 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 32 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 33 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 34 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 36 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 37 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 39 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 40 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 42 171–178 171–178 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 43 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 44 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 45 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 47 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 48 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 49 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 50 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 51 Roisman Roisman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 52 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 53 Worthington Worthington NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 54 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 56 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 370 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 371 1 135–138 135–138 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 371 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 371 3 342–345 342–345 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 371 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 372 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 1 178–179 178–179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 4 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 5 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 7 noble noble JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 8 birth birth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 10 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 11 wealth wealth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 13 Sperthias Sperthias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 14 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 16 Aneristus Aneristus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 18 Bulis Bulis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 19 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 21 Nicolaus Nicolaus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 23 undertook undertake VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 26 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 27 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 28 will will NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 30 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 31 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 32 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 33 atonement atonement JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 35 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 36 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 37 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 38 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 39 heralds heralds NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 40 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 41 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 42 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 43 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 45 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 46 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 47 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 373 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 1 Thereupon thereupon IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 3 Spartans Spartans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 4 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 6 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 8 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 10 execution execution NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 374 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 1 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 2 LacusCurtius LacusCurtius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 4 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 5 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 7 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 8 134 134 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 375 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 2 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 4 sacrifice sacrifice NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 5 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 6 shortly shortly RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 7 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 8 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 9 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 10 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 11 ended end VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 13 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 14 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 16 imminently imminently RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 18 invade invade VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 19 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 22 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 23 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 24 Invation Invation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 376 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 2 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 3 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 6 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 8 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 10 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 11 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 12 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 14 heralds heralds NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 16 demand demand VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 17 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 23 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 24 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 25 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 26 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 27 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 28 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 29 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 30 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 32 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 33 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 34 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 37 demanders demander NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 38 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 39 cast cast VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 40 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 42 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 43 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 44 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 46 Pit32 Pit32 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 48 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 50 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 52 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 54 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 55 well well NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 58 bidden bidden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 59 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 60 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 61 thence thence NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 62 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 64 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 65 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 66 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 67 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 377 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 3 cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 4 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 5 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 6 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 7 demand demand NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 378 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 1 What what WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 2 calamity calamity NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 3 befel befel VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 7 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 8 dealing deal VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 11 heralds herald NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 12 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 13 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 15 say say VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 17 save save VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 20 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 23 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 25 laid lay VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 26 waste waste NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 27 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 30 LacusCurtius LacusCurtius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 31 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 32 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 33 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 35 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 36 133 133 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 37 LacusCurtius LacusCurtius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 38 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 39 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 40 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 42 Chapter chapter NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 43 134 134 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 44 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 45 Check check NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 46 |url= |url= NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 47 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 49 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 379 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 2 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 3 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 5 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 6 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 7 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 8 VI VI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 10 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 11 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 12 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 14 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 380 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 1 206–207 206–207 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 381 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 1 208–211 208–211 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 5 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 6 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 382 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 1 213–214 213–214 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 4 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 6 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 9 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 11 62–80 62–80 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 14 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 16 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 19 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 21 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 23 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 24 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 26 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 27 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 28 Soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 30 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 32 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 33 Walser Walser NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 34 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 35 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 36 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 37 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 39 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 40 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 42 Recent Recent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 43 Excavations Excavations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 45 Akra Akra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 47 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 48 Pakistan Pakistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 49 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 50 Magee Magee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 52 Cameron Cameron NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 53 Petrie Petrie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 55 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 56 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 58 Farid Farid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 59 Khan Khan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 61 Ken Ken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 62 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 63 p.713 p.713 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 64 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 65 NAQŠ NAQŠ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 66 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 67 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 68 ROSTAM ROSTAM NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 69 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 70 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 71 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 383 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 5 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 7 186 186 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 10 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 11 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 12 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 14 Persica Persica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 15 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 16 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 17 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 19 115 115 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 21 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 22 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 24 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 25 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 26 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 27 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 29 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 30 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 31 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 32 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 33 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 34 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 36 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 37 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 38 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 39 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 40 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 41 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 43 184 184 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 44 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 46 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 47 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 48 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 50 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 51 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 52 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 53 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 55 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 56 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 57 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 58 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 60 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 61 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 62 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 63 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 65 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 66 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 67 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 68 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 70 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 71 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 72 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 73 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 75 66 66 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 76 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 77 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 78 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 80 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 81 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 82 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 83 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 85 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 86 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 87 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 88 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 89 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 90 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 91 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 92 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 93 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 94 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 95 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 96 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 97 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 98 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 99 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 100 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 101 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 102 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 103 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 104 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 105 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 106 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 107 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 108 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 109 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 110 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 111 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 112 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 113 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 114 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 115 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 116 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 117 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 118 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 119 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 121 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 122 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 123 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 124 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 125 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 126 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 127 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 128 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 129 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 130 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 131 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 132 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 133 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 134 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 135 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 136 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 137 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 138 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 139 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 140 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 141 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 142 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 143 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 144 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 145 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 146 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 147 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 148 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 149 VII vii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 150 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 151 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 152 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 153 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 154 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 155 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 156 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 157 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 158 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 159 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 160 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 161 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 162 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 163 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 164 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 165 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 166 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 167 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 168 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 169 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 170 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 171 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 172 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 173 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 174 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 175 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 176 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 177 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 178 185 185 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 179 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 180 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 181 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 182 Grote Grote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 183 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 184 ch ch NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 384 185 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 385 1 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 385 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 385 3 Bury Bury NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 385 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 385 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 386 1 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 387 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 387 2 1956 1956 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 387 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 387 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 2 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 4 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 7 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 9 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 11 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 12 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 13 edition edition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 388 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 389 1 Oxford oxford NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 389 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 389 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 389 4 Uni Uni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 389 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 390 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 390 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 390 3 269 269 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 390 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 4 Maurice Maurice NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 6 1930 1930 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 8 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 9 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 11 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 13 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 14 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 16 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 18 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 19 Engels Engels NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 21 1978 1978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 23 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 24 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 26 1915 1915 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 28 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 29 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 30 Fischer Fischer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 31 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 32 Cohen Cohen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 34 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 35 164 164 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 36 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 37 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 38 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 39 Tarn Tarn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 41 1908 1908 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 43 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 44 Ernst Ernst NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 45 Obst Obst NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 47 1914 1914 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 49 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 50 Papademetriou Papademetriou NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 52 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 54 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 55 Sekunda Sekunda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 56 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 57 Chew Chew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 58 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 59 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 61 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 62 Munro Munro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 64 1929 1929 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 66 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 67 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 69 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 70 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 71 ^ ^ SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 72 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 73 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 74 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 75 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 76 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 77 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 78 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 79 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 391 80 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 2 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 3 Istorika Istorika NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 5 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 6 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 7 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 9 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 12 394 394 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 13 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 14 Romm Romm NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 16 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 18 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 392 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 393 1 Histories history NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 393 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 394 1 Hackett Hackett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 394 2 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 394 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 395 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 395 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 395 3 381 381 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 395 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 396 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 396 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 396 3 9781624661150 9781624661150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 396 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 2 Aeschylus Aeschylus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 5 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 6 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 7 Diodorus Diodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 8 Siculus Siculus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 9 XI XI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 13 Lysias Lysias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 14 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 16 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 18 Ephorus Ephorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 20 Universal Universal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 21 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 22 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 23 Isocrates Isocrates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 25 Oration Oration NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 26 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 28 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 30 Isocrates Isocrates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 32 Oration Oration NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 33 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 35 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 36 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 37 Plato Plato NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 39 Laws Laws NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 40 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 42 699 699 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 43 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 44 Köster Köster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 46 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 48 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 49 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 51 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 52 320 320 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 53 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 54 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 55 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 56 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 58 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 397 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 1 93–94 93–94 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 3 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 6 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 7 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 8 Burn Burn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 11 331 331 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 13 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 15 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 16 217–223 217–223 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 19 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 21 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 23 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 24 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 26 145 145 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 28 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 30 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 32 148 148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 33 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 34 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 35 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 37 161 161 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 38 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 39 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 41 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 42 226 226 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 43 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 45 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 46 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 48 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 49 225 225 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 50 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 51 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 52 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 53 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 55 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 56 263 263 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 57 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 58 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 60 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 398 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 1 246–247 246–247 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 399 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 1 168–169 168–169 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 4 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 6 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 9 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 11 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 13 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 15 248–249 248–249 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 18 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 19 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 20 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 22 173 173 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 23 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 24 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 25 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 27 174 174 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 28 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 29 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 30 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 400 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 1 255–257 255–257 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 4 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 6 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 9 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 10 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 11 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 14 257–259 257–259 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 15 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 16 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 18 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 401 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 1 262–264 262–264 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 4 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 6 210 210 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 8 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 11 274 274 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 14 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 16 223 223 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 20 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 22 225 225 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 23 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 24 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 26 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 28 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 31 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 32 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 33 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 35 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 402 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 1 276–281 276–281 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 4 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 6 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 9 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 11 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 14 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 15 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 16 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 18 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 20 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 21 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 23 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 24 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 25 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 26 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 28 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 30 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 31 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 33 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 34 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 35 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 37 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 38 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 39 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 41 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 42 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 43 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 44 Lynch Lynch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 46 Kathleen Kathleen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 47 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 49 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 403 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 2 Symposium Symposium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 4 Context Context NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 6 Pottery pottery NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 9 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 10 Archaic Archaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 11 House House NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 12 Near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 14 Athenian Athenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 15 Agora Agora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 404 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 405 1 ASCSA ASCSA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 405 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 406 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 406 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 1 20–21 20–21 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 4 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 5 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 407 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 408 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 408 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 408 3 9780876615461 9780876615461 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 408 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 409 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 409 2 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 409 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 409 4 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 409 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 1 305–306 305–306 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 3 Barringer Barringer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 5 Judith Judith NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 6 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 8 Hurwit Hurwit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 10 Jeffrey Jeffrey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 11 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 13 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 410 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 1 Periklean Periklean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 2 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 4 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 5 Legacy Legacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 7 Problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 9 Perspectives Perspectives NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 411 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 412 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 412 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 412 3 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 412 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 412 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 413 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 413 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 413 3 295 295 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 413 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 414 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 414 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 414 3 9780292782907 9780292782907 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 414 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 415 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 1 327–329 327–329 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 5 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 6 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 416 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 1 308–309 308–309 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 417 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 1 310–315 310–315 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 6 294 294 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 9 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 10 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 418 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 1 157–161 157–161 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 8 303 303 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 9 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 10 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 12 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 13 319 319 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 15 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 16 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 18 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 20 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 22 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 419 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 1 320–326 320–326 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 4 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 6 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 9 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 11 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 14 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 16 126 126 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 19 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 21 128 128 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 24 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 25 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 26 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 27 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 29 129 129 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 30 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 32 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 33 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 34 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 35 VIII viii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 37 127 127 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 38 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 40 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 41 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 42 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 44 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 420 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 1 333–335 333–335 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 5 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 6 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 7 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 8 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 10 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 421 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 1 336–338 336–338 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 4 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 6 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 9 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 11 6–9 6–9 NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 14 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 16 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 17 ^ ^ SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 18 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 20 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 21 339 339 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 24 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 25 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 26 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 27 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 29 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 422 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 1 342–349 342–349 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 4 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 6 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 9 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 11 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 14 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 16 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 19 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 21 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 24 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 25 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 27 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 423 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 1 350–355 350–355 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 4 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 6 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 9 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 11 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 13 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 14 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 16 66 66 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 19 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 21 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 23 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 24 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 26 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 29 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 30 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 31 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 32 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 33 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 34 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 36 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 424 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 1 357–358 357–358 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 5 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 6 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 8 96 96 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 11 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 12 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 14 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 15 358–359 358–359 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 16 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 17 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 19 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 20 247 247 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 21 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 23 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 24 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 25 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 27 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 28 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 30 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 31 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 32 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 34 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 425 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 1 359–363 359–363 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 3 Thucydides thucydide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 4 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 6 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 9 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 10 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 11 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 13 107 107 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 16 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 17 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 426 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 1 69–72 69–72 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 4 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 5 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 6 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 7 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 8 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 9 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 10 h h NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 11 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 14 256 256 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 15 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 16 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 18 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 19 217 217 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 22 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 23 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 25 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 427 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 1 39–41 39–41 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 6 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 8 https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529983 https://ethos.bl.uk/orderdetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529983 UH en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 9 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 10 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 428 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 1 187–192 187–192 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 5 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 6 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 7 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 8 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 9 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 10 h h NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 11 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 12 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 13 k k NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 14 l l NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 15 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 17 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 429 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 1 23–29 23–29 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 2 ^ ^ SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 6 196 196 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 8 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 10 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 430 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 1 17–18 17–18 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 5 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 8 274–275 274–275 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 10 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 12 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 13 232 232 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 15 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 17 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 431 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 1 160–161 160–161 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 432 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 1 192–197 192–197 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 4 VIII VIII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 6 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 8 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 9 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 11 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 13 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 15 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 16 343 343 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 17 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 18 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 20 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 21 138 138 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 22 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 24 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 25 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 26 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 27 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 28 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 29 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 30 h h NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 31 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 32 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 33 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 35 254–255 254–255 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 36 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 38 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 39 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 41 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 42 258 258 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 43 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 45 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 46 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 47 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 48 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 49 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 50 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 51 h h NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 52 i i NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 53 j j NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 54 k k NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 55 l l NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 56 m m NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 57 n n CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 58 o o NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 59 p p NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 60 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 62 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 63 248–253 248–253 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 64 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 65 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 67 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 68 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 69 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 70 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 72 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 73 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 74 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 75 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 76 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 77 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 433 78 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 1 17–18 17–18 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 3 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 6 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 8 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 11 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 13 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 15 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 434 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 1 29–30 29–30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 435 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 1 311–313 311–313 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 436 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 1 344–345 344–345 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 3 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 437 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 1 21–22 21–22 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 3 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 6 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 8 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 10 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 438 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 1 37–38 37–38 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 5 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 7 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 9 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 10 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 12 172 172 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 13 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 14 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 16 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 439 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 1 149–150 149–150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 3 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 6 197 197 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 8 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 11 310 310 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 13 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 15 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 16 316–317 316–317 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 17 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 18 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 20 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 440 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 1 307–308 307–308 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 3 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 6 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 9 VDH VDH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 11 Private Private NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 12 Papers::History Papers::History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 15 Movie Movie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 17 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 441 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 1 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 3 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 5 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 442 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 6 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 8 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 10 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 443 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 2 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 4 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 6 28.CS1 28.CS1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 7 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 9 bot bot NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 11 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 12 URL url NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 13 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 14 unknown unknown NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 16 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 18 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 19 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 21 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 444 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 1 259–261 259–261 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 3 Hanson Hanson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 5 Carnage Carnage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 7 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 9 Landmark Landmark NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 10 Battles Battles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 13 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 15 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 16 Power Power NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 17 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 18 Strauss Strauss NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 20 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 445 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 1 1–294 1–294 LS en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 3 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 6 xvii xvii NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 8 xix xix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 10 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 13 xvi xvi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 15 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 17 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 446 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 1 257–258 257–258 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 3 Eikenberry Eikenberry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 5 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 8 Xenophon Xenophon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 10 Anabasis Anabasis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 11 Bibliography[edit Bibliography[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 13 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 14 sources[edit sources[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 16 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 19 Histories histories JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 20 Macan macan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 21 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 23 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 24 7–9 7–9 NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 26 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 27 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 29 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 30 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 31 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 32 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 35 1908 1908 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 37 Macauley Macauley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 38 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 40 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 41 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 42 Diodorus Diodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 43 Siculus Siculus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 45 Biblioteca Biblioteca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 46 Historica Historica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 47 Ctesias Ctesias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 49 Persica Persica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 51 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 52 Photius Photius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 53 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 54 Epitome epitome NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 56 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 57 sources[edit sources[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 58 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 59 Holland Holland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 61 Tom Tom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 62 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 63 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 447 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 1 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 2 Fire Fire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 5 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 6 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 7 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 10 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 13 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 448 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 1 Abacus Abacus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 6 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 7 385 385 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 9 51311 51311 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 11 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 449 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 1 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 3 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 5 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 450 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 2 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 4 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 5 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 451 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 452 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 452 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 452 3 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 452 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 452 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 1 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 2 Souza Souza NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 4 Philip Philip NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 6 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 453 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 2 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 4 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 5 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 7 499–386 499–386 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 8 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 454 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 1 Osprey Osprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 2 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 5 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 7 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 9 84176 84176 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 11 358 358 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 12 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 13 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 15 Lazenby Lazenby NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 17 JF JF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 19 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 455 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 2 Defence Defence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 4 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 5 490–479 490–479 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 6 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 456 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 1 Aris Aris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 3 Phillips Phillips NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 4 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 7 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 9 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 11 85668 85668 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 13 591 591 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 15 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 17 Burn Burn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 19 A.R. A.R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 22 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 25 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 28 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 29 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 30 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 32 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 34 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 35 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 37 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 38 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 40 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 41 Periods Periods NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 43 Ilya Ilya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 44 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 46 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 457 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 458 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 458 2 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 458 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 458 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 459 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 459 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 459 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 459 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 1 Sekunda Sekunda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 3 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 5 Chew Chew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 7 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 9 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 460 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 3 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 5 560–330 560–330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 7 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 10 Elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 11 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 13 Osprey Osprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 14 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 461 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 1 Shahbazi shahbazi JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 3 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 4 Shapour Shapour NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 6 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 462 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 3 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 4 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 5 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 7 550–330 550–330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 8 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 463 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 2 Daryaee Daryaee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 4 Touraj Touraj NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 6 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 464 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 2 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 3 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 5 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 465 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 466 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 466 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 466 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 466 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 5 0190208820 0190208820 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 467 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 1 Bradford Bradford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 3 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 4 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 7 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 10 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 468 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 1 Da Da NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 2 Capo Capo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 5 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 9 306 306 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 11 81360 81360 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 13 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 469 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 470 1 Strauss Strauss NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 470 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 470 3 Barry Barry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 470 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 2 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 4 Salamis Salamis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 7 Naval Naval NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 8 Encounter Encounter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 9 That that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 10 Saved save VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 11 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 12 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 14 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 15 Civilization Civilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 471 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 4 Simon Simon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 6 Schuster Schuster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 8 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 10 hardcover hardcover RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 12 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 13   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 14 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 16 7432 7432 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 18 4450 4450 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 20 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 22 paperback paperback NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 24 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 25   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 26 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 28 7432 7432 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 30 4451 4451 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 31 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 32 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 472 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 473 1 Bury Bury NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 473 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 473 3 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 474 1 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 1 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 2 Meiggs Meiggs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 6 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 475 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 4 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 7 Death Death NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 9 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 11 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 13 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 14 Revised Revised NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 15 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 476 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 477 1 Palgrave Palgrave NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 477 2 Macmillan Macmillan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 477 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 1 Grote grote IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 3 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 4 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 7 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 9 Part Part NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 10 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 11 Maurice Maurice NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 13 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 15 1930 1930 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 478 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 3 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 8 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 11 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 13 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 14 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 15 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 479 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 3 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 4 Studies Studies NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 5 vol vol VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 480 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 481 1 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 481 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 481 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 481 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 482 1 115–128 115–128 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 482 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 1 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 3 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 5 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 483 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 1 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 4 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 6 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 484 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 485 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 485 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 485 3 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 485 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 485 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 486 1 Reprint reprint NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 486 2 edition edition NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 486 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 486 4 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 486 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 1 Translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 2 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 3 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 6 Renfroe Renfroe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 487 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 488 1 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 488 2 Volumes volume NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 488 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 489 1 Warry warry NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 489 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 489 3 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 490 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 490 2 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 490 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 490 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 1 Warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 4 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 5 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 491 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 5 84065 84065 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 7 004 004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 9 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 492 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 493 1 Engels Engels NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 493 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 493 3 DW DW NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 493 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 494 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 494 2 1978 1978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 494 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 494 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 1 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 3 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 6 Logistics Logistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 9 Macedonian Macedonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 10 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 495 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 1 Berkeley Berkeley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 3 Los Los NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 4 Angeles Angeles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 5 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 6 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 496 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 1 Roisman Roisman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 3 Joseph Joseph NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 5 Worthington Worthington NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 7 Ian Ian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 9 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 497 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 2 Companion companion NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 4 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 5 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 498 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 499 1 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 499 2 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 499 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 499 4 Sons Sons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 499 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 7 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 9 435163 435163 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 500 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 1 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 3 JA JA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 5 1915 1915 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 501 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 2 Thoughts thought NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 5 Reliability Reliability NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 7 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 8 Writers Writers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 11 Especial Especial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 12 Reference Reference NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 15 Size Size NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 18 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 20 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 23 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 24 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 25 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 26 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 28 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 502 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 1 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 2 Fischer Fischer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 4 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 5 Das Das NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 6 Zahlenproblem Zahlenproblem NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 8 Perserkriege Perserkriege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 9 480–479 480–479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 10 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 11 Chr Chr NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 503 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 1 Klio Klio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 3 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 6 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 504 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 505 1 VII VII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 505 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 1 Cohen Cohen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 3 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 5 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 506 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 1 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 2 Grece Grece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 3 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 4 l'hellenization l'hellenization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 5 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 6 monde monde NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 7 antique antique NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 8 Tarn Tarn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 10 WW WW NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 507 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 508 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 508 2 1908 1908 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 508 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 508 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 3 Fleet Fleet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 5 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 9 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 11 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 12 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 13 v.28 v.28 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 14 Obst Obst NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 16 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 18 1914 1914 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 509 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 510 1 Der Der NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 510 2 Feldzug Feldzug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 510 3 des des NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 510 4 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 510 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 1 Leipzig Leipzig NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 2 Munro Munro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 4 JAR JAR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 6 1929 1929 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 511 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 512 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 512 2 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 512 3 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 512 4 vol vol VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 512 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 1 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 2 Köster Köster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 4 AJ AJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 6 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 513 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 1 Studien Studien NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 2 zur zur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 3 Geschichte Geschichte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 4 des des NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 5 Antikes Antikes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 6 Seewesens Seewesens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 514 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 1 Klio Klio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 2 Belheft Belheft NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 3 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 4 Οι Οι NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 5 δυνάμεις δυνάμεις JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 6 των των NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 7 Ελλήνων Ελλήνων NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 8 και και NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 9 των των NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 10 Περσών Περσών NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 13 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 19 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 22 E E VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 23 Istorika Istorika NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 24 no no UH en-wikipedia-org-5531 515 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 516 1 164 164 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 516 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 516 3 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 516 4 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 516 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 1 Papademetriou papademetriou JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 3 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 5 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 517 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 2 Περσικό Περσικό NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 3 Πεζικό Πεζικό NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 5 Η η NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 6 δύναμη δύναμη JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 7 που που NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 8 κατέκτησε κατέκτησε NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 9 τη τη PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 10 νοτιοδυτική νοτιοδυτική VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 11 Ασία Ασία NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 14 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 15 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 17 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 18 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 20 conquered conquer VBD en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 21 southwest southwest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 22 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 25 Panzer Panzer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 26 magazine magazine NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 28 Issue issue NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 29 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 30 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 31 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 32 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 33 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 35 Periscopio Periscopio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 36 editions edition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 37 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 518 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 1 Fehling fehling JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 3 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 5 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 519 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 3 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 5 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 8 Citation Citation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 10 Invention Invention NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 13 Narrative Narrative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 14 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 520 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 1 Translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 2 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 3 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 4 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 5 Howie Howie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 521 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 522 1 Leeds leed NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 522 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 522 3 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 522 4 Cairns Cairns NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 522 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 1 Finley Finley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 3 Moses Moses NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 5 1972 1972 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 523 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 524 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 524 2 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 524 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 524 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 1 Thucydides thucydide NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 3 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 6 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 7 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 9 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 11 Rex Rex NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 12 Warner Warner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 525 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 526 1 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 526 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 5 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 7 044039 044039 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 527 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 1 Eikenberry Eikenberry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 3 Lt Lt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 4 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 5 Gen. Gen. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 6 Karl Karl NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 7 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 9 Summer Summer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 10 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 528 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 2 Take take VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 3 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 4 Casualties Casualties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 529 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 1 Parameters parameter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 3 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 4 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 5 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 6 College College NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 7 Quarterly Quarterly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 530 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 1 XXVI XXVI NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 6 109–118 109–118 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 531 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 6 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 7 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 9 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 532 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 2 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 6 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 8 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 9 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 10 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 11 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 12 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 13 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 14 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 15 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 16 Periods Periods NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 17 Cycladic Cycladic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 18 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 19 Minoan Minoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 20 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 21 Mycenaean mycenaean JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 22 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 23 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 24 Dark Dark NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 25 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 26 Archaic Archaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 27 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 28 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 29 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 30 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 31 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 32 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 33 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 34 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 35 Aegean Aegean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 36 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 37 Aeolis aeolis RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 38 Crete Crete NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 39 Cyrenaica Cyrenaica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 40 Cyprus Cyprus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 41 Doris Doris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 42 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 43 Hellespont Hellespont NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 44 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 45 Ionian Ionian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 46 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 47 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 48 Magna Magna NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 49 Graecia Graecia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 50 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 51 Pontus Pontus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 52 Taurica Taurica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 53 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 54 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 55 colonies colonies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 56 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 57 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 58 Politics Politics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 59 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 60 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 61 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 62 Argos Argos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 63 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 64 Byzantion Byzantion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 65 Chalcis Chalcis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 66 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 67 Ephesus Ephesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 68 Miletus Miletus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 69 Pergamon Pergamon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 70 Eretria Eretria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 71 Kerkyra Kerkyra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 72 Larissa Larissa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 73 Megalopolis Megalopolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 74 Thebes Thebes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 75 Megara Megara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 76 Rhodes rhode VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 77 Samos Samos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 78 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 79 Syracuse Syracuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 80 Cyrene Cyrene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 81 Alexandria Alexandria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 82 Antioch Antioch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 83 Lissus Lissus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 84 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 85 Crete Crete NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 87 Kingdoms Kingdoms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 88 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 89 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 90 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 91 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 92 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 93 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 94 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 95 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 96 kingdom kingdom NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 97 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 98 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 99 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 100 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 101 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 102 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 103 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 104 Bactrian Bactrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 105 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 106 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 107 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 108 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 109 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 110 Politics Politics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 111 Boule Boule NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 112 Koinon Koinon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 113 Proxeny Proxeny NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 114 Tagus Tagus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 115 Tyrant Tyrant NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 116 Amphictyonic Amphictyonic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 117 League League NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 118 Athenian Athenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 119 Agora Agora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 120 Areopagus Areopagus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 121 Ecclesia Ecclesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 122 Graphe Graphe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 123 paranomon paranomon NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 124 Heliaia Heliaia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 125 Ostracism Ostracism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 126 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 127 Apella Apella NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 128 Ephor Ephor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 129 Gerousia Gerousia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 130 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 131 Synedrion Synedrion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 132 Koinon Koinon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 133 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 134 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 135 Athenian athenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 136 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 137 Scythian scythian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 138 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 139 Antigonid Antigonid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 140 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 141 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 142 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 143 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 144 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 145 Ballista Ballista NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 146 Cretan Cretan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 147 archers archer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 148 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 149 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 150 Hippeis Hippeis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 151 Hoplite Hoplite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 152 Hetairoi Hetairoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 153 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 154 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 155 Phalanx Phalanx NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 156 Peltast Peltast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 157 Pezhetairos Pezhetairos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 158 Sarissa Sarissa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 159 Sacred Sacred NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 160 Band Band NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 161 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 162 Thebes Thebes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 163 Sciritae Sciritae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 164 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 165 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 166 Spartan Spartan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 167 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 168 Strategos Strategos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 169 Toxotai Toxotai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 170 Xiphos Xiphos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 171 Xyston Xyston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 172 People People NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 173 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 174 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 175 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 176 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 177 Rulers Rulers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 178 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 179 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 180 Argos Argos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 181 Archons Archons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 182 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 183 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 184 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 185 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 186 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 187 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 188 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 189 Commagene Commagene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 190 Diadochi Diadochi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 191 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 192 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 193 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 194 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 195 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 196 Paionia Paionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 197 Attalid Attalid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 198 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 199 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 200 Pergamon Pergamon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 201 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 202 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 203 Pontus Pontus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 204 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 205 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 206 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 207 Tyrants Tyrants NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 208 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 209 Syracuse Syracuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 210 Philosophers Philosophers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 211 Anaxagoras Anaxagoras NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 212 Anaximander Anaximander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 213 Anaximenes Anaximenes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 214 Antisthenes Antisthenes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 215 Aristotle Aristotle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 216 Democritus Democritus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 217 Diogenes Diogenes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 218 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 219 Sinope Sinope NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 220 Empedocles Empedocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 221 Epicurus Epicurus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 222 Gorgias Gorgias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 223 Heraclitus Heraclitus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 224 Hypatia Hypatia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 225 Leucippus Leucippus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 226 Parmenides Parmenides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 227 Plato Plato NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 228 Protagoras Protagoras NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 229 Pythagoras Pythagoras NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 230 Socrates Socrates NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 231 Thales Thales NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 232 Zeno Zeno NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 233 Authors Authors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 234 Aeschylus Aeschylus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 235 Aesop Aesop NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 236 Alcaeus Alcaeus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 237 Archilochus Archilochus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 238 Aristophanes Aristophanes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 239 Bacchylides Bacchylides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 240 Euripides euripide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 241 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 242 Hesiod Hesiod NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 243 Hipponax Hipponax NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 244 Homer Homer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 245 Ibycus Ibycus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 246 Lucian Lucian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 247 Menander Menander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 248 Mimnermus Mimnermus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 249 Panyassis Panyassis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 250 Philocles Philocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 251 Pindar Pindar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 252 Plutarch Plutarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 253 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 254 Sappho Sappho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 255 Simonides Simonides NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 256 Sophocles Sophocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 257 Stesichorus Stesichorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 258 Theognis Theognis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 259 Thucydides Thucydides NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 260 Timocreon Timocreon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 261 Tyrtaeus Tyrtaeus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 262 Xenophon Xenophon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 263 Others Others NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 264 Agesilaus Agesilaus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 265 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 266 Agis Agis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 267 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 268 Alcibiades Alcibiades NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 269 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 270 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 271 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 272 Aratus Aratus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 273 Archimedes Archimedes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 274 Aspasia Aspasia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 275 Demosthenes demosthene VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 276 Epaminondas Epaminondas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 277 Euclid euclid NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 278 Hipparchus hipparchu VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 279 Hippocrates hippocrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 280 Leonidas Leonidas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 281 Lycurgus Lycurgus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 282 Lysander Lysander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 283 Milo Milo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 284 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 285 Croton Croton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 286 Miltiades Miltiades NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 287 Pausanias Pausanias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 288 Pericles Pericles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 289 Philip Philip NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 290 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 291 Macedon Macedon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 292 Philopoemen Philopoemen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 293 Praxiteles Praxiteles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 294 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 295 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 296 Solon Solon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 297 Themistocles Themistocles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 298 Groups Groups NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 299 Philosophers philosopher NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 300 Playwrights Playwrights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 301 Poets Poets NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 302 Tyrants tyrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 303 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 304 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 305 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 306 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 307 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 308 Thracian Thracian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 309 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 310 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 311 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 312 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 313 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 314 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 315 Agriculture Agriculture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 316 Calendar Calendar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 317 Clothing Clothing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 318 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 319 Cuisine Cuisine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 320 Economy Economy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 321 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 322 Festivals Festivals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 323 Homosexuality Homosexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 324 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 325 Olympic Olympic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 326 Games Games NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 327 Pederasty Pederasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 328 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 329 Prostitution Prostitution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 330 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 331 Slavery Slavery NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 332 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 333 Wedding wedding NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 334 customs custom VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 335 Wine Wine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 336 Arts art NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 337 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 338 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 339 Architecture Architecture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 340 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 341 Revival Revival NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 342 architecture architecture NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 343 Astronomy Astronomy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 344 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 345 Mathematics Mathematics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 346 Medicine Medicine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 347 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 348 Musical musical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 349 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 350 Pottery Pottery NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 351 Sculpture Sculpture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 352 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 353 Theatre Theatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 354 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 355 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 356 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 357 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 358 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 359 Funeral Funeral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 360 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 361 burial burial NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 362 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 363 Mythology Mythology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 364 mythological mythological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 365 figures figure VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 366 Temple Temple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 367 Twelve Twelve NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 368 Olympians Olympians NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 369 Underworld Underworld NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 370 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 371 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 372 Buddhism Buddhism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 373 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 374 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 375 Buddhist Buddhist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 376 monasticism monasticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 377 Sacred sacred JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 378 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 379 Eleusis eleusis NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 380 Delphi Delphi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 381 Delos Delos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 382 Dion Dion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 383 Dodona Dodona NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 384 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 385 Olympus Olympus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 386 Olympia Olympia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 387 Structures Structures NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 388 Athenian Athenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 389 Treasury Treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 390 Lion Lion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 391 Gate Gate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 392 Long Long NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 393 Walls Walls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 394 Philippeion Philippeion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 395 Theatre Theatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 396 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 397 Dionysus Dionysus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 398 Tunnel Tunnel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 399 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 400 Eupalinos Eupalinos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 401 Temples Temples NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 402 Aphaea Aphaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 403 Artemis Artemis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 404 Athena Athena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 405 Nike Nike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 406 Erechtheion Erechtheion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 407 Hephaestus Hephaestus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 408 Hera Hera NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 409 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 410 Olympia Olympia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 411 Parthenon Parthenon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 412 Samothrace Samothrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 413 Zeus Zeus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 414 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 415 Olympia Olympia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 416 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 417 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 418 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 419 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 420 Mycenaean Mycenaean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 421 Homeric Homeric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 422 Dialects Dialects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 423 Aeolic Aeolic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 424 Arcadocypriot Arcadocypriot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 425 Attic Attic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 426 Doric Doric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 427 Epirote Epirote NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 428 Ionic ionic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 429 Locrian locrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 430 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 431 Pamphylian Pamphylian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 432 Koine Koine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 433 Writing Writing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 434 Linear Linear NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 435 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 436 Linear Linear NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 437 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 438 Cypriot Cypriot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 439 syllabary syllabary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 440 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 441 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 442 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 443 numerals numeral NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 444 Attic attic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 445 numerals numeral NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 446 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 447 colonisation colonisation NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 448 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 449 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 450 Alision Alision NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 451 Brentesion Brentesion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 452 Caulonia Caulonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 453 Chone Chone NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 454 Croton Croton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 455 Cumae Cumae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 456 Elea Elea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 457 Heraclea Heraclea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 458 Lucania Lucania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 459 Hipponion Hipponion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 460 Hydrus Hydrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 461 Krimisa Krimisa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 462 Laüs Laüs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 463 Locri Locri NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 464 Medma Medma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 465 Metapontion Metapontion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 466 Neápolis Neápolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 467 Pandosia Pandosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 468 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 469 Lucania Lucania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 470 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 471 Poseidonia Poseidonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 472 Pixous Pixous NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 473 Rhegion Rhegion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 474 Scylletium Scylletium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 475 Siris Siris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 476 Sybaris Sybaris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 477 Sybaris Sybaris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 478 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 479 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 480 Traeis Traeis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 481 Taras Taras NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 482 Terina Terina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 483 Thurii Thurii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 484 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 485 Akragas Akragas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 486 Akrai Akrai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 487 Akrillai Akrillai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 488 Apollonia Apollonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 489 Calacte Calacte NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 490 Casmenae Casmenae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 491 Catana Catana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 492 Gela Gela NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 493 Helorus Helorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 494 Henna Henna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 495 Heraclea Heraclea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 496 Minoa Minoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 497 Himera Himera NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 498 Hybla Hybla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 499 Gereatis Gereatis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 500 Hybla Hybla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 501 Heraea Heraea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 502 Kamarina Kamarina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 503 Leontinoi Leontinoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 504 Megara Megara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 505 Hyblaea Hyblaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 506 Messana Messana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 507 Naxos Naxos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 508 Segesta Segesta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 509 Selinous Selinous NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 510 Syracuse Syracuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 511 Tauromenion Tauromenion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 512 Thermae Thermae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 513 Tyndaris Tyndaris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 514 Aeolian Aeolian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 515 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 516 Didyme Didyme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 517 Euonymos Euonymos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 518 Ereikousa Ereikousa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 519 Hycesia Hycesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 520 Lipara Lipara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 521 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 522 Meligounis Meligounis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 523 Phoenicusa Phoenicusa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 524 Strongyle Strongyle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 525 Therassía Therassía NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 526 Sardinia Sardinia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 527 Olbia Olbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 528 Cyrenaica Cyrenaica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 529 Balagrae Balagrae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 530 Barca Barca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 531 Berenice Berenice NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 532 Cyrene Cyrene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 533 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 534 Apollonia Apollonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 535 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 536 Ptolemais Ptolemais NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 537 Iberian Iberian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 538 Peninsula Peninsula NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 539 Akra Akra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 540 Leuke Leuke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 541 Alonis Alonis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 542 Emporion Emporion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 543 Helike Helike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 544 Hemeroscopion Hemeroscopion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 545 Kalathousa Kalathousa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 546 Kypsela Kypsela NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 547 Mainake Mainake NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 548 Menestheus Menestheus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 549 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 550 Limin Limin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 551 Illicitanus Illicitanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 552 Limin Limin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 553 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 554 Portus Portus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 555 Illicitanus Illicitanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 556 Rhode Rhode NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 557 Salauris Salauris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 558 Zacynthos Zacynthos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 559 Illyria Illyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 560 Aspalathos Aspalathos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 561 Apollonia Apollonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 562 Epidamnos Epidamnos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 563 Epidauros Epidauros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 564 Issa Issa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 565 Melaina Melaina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 566 Korkyra Korkyra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 567 Nymphaion Nymphaion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 568 Orikon Orikon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 569 Pharos Pharos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 570 Tragurion Tragurion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 571 Thronion Thronion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 572 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 573 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 574 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 575 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 576 Borysthenes Borysthenes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 577 Charax Charax NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 578 Chersonesus Chersonesus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 579 Dioscurias Dioscurias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 580 Eupatoria Eupatoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 581 Gorgippia Gorgippia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 582 Hermonassa Hermonassa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 583 Kepoi Kepoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 584 Kimmerikon Kimmerikon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 585 Myrmekion Myrmekion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 586 Nikonion Nikonion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 587 Nymphaion Nymphaion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 588 Olbia Olbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 589 Panticapaion Panticapaion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 590 Phanagoria Phanagoria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 591 Pityus Pityus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 592 Tanais tanais NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 593 Theodosia Theodosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 594 Tyras Tyras NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 595 Tyritake Tyritake NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 596 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 597 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 598 south south NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 599 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 600 Dionysopolis Dionysopolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 601 Odessos Odessos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 602 Anchialos Anchialos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 603 Mesambria Mesambria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 604 Apollonia Apollonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 605 Salmydessus Salmydessus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 606 Heraclea Heraclea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 607 Tium Tium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 608 Sesamus Sesamus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 609 Cytorus Cytorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 610 Abonoteichos Abonoteichos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 611 Sinope Sinope NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 612 Zaliche Zaliche NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 613 Amisos Amisos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 614 Oinòe Oinòe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 615 Polemonion Polemonion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 616 Thèrmae Thèrmae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 617 Cotyora Cotyora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 618 Kerasous Kerasous NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 619 Tripolis Tripolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 620 Trapezous Trapezous NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 621 Rhizos rhizo VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 622 Athina Athina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 623 Bathus Bathus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 624 Phasis Phasis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 625 Lists Lists NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 626 Cities Cities NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 627 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 628 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 629 People People NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 630 Place Place NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 631 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 632 Stoae Stoae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 633 Temples Temples NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 634 Theatres Theatres NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 635 Category Category NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 636 Portal Portal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 637 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 638 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 639 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 640 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 641 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 642 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 643 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 644 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 645 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 646 Medo Medo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 647 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 648 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 649 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 650 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 651 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 652 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 653 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 654 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 655 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 656 Nineveh Nineveh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 657 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 658 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 659 Eclipse Eclipse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 660 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 661 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 662 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 663 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 664 Hyrba Hyrba NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 665 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 666 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 667 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 668 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 669 Border Border NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 670 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 671 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 672 Pasargadae Pasargadae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 673 Hill Hill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 674 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 675 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 676 Pasargadae Pasargadae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 677 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 678 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 679 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 680 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 681 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 682 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 683 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 684 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 685 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 686 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 687 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 688 Babylon Babylon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 689 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 690 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 691 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 692 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 693 Revolts Revolts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 694 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 695 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 696 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 697 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 698 Campaign Campaign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 699 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 700 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 701 Indus Indus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 702 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 703 Ionian Ionian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 704 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 705 Invasions Invasions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 706 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 707 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 708 1st 1st NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 709 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 710 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 711 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 712 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 713 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 714 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 715 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 716 Younger Younger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 717 Corinthian Corinthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 718 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 719 Cadusian Cadusian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 720 Campaign Campaign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 721 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 722 Satraps Satraps NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 723 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 724 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 725 Abdashtart Abdashtart NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 726 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 727 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 728 revolt revolt VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 729 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 730 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 731 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 732 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 733 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 734 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 735 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 736 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 737 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 738 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 739 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 740 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 741 Bactrian Bactrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 742 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 743 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 744 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 745 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 746 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 747 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 748 Wars Wars NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 749 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 750 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 751 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 752 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 753 Sasanian Sasanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 754 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 755 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 756 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 757 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 758 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 759 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 760 Kushan Kushan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 761 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 762 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 763 Arab arab JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 764 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 765 Hephthalite hephthalite VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 766 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 767 Armenian armenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 768 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 769 Aksumite Aksumite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 770 Wars Wars NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 771 Annexation Annexation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 772 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 773 Yemen Yemen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 774 Civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 775 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 776 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 777 589–591 589–591 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 778 Göktürk Göktürk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 779 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 780 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 781 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 782 3rd 3rd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 783 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 784 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 785 Dhi Dhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 786 Qar Qar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 787 Civil Civil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 788 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 789 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 790 628–632 628–632 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 791 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 792 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 793 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 794 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 795 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 796 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 797 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 798 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 799 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 800 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_Persian_invasion_of_Greece&oldid=998379756 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_Persian_invasion_of_Greece&oldid=998379756 . en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 801 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 802 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 803 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 804 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 805 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 806 479 479 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 807 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 808 480s 480s NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 809 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 810 conflicts conflict NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 811 470s 470s CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 812 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 813 conflicts conflict NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 814 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 815 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 816 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 817 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 818 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 819 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 820 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 821 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 822 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 823 Greco Greco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 824 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 825 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 826 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 827 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 828 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 829 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 830 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 831 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 832 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 833 Invasions Invasions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 834 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 835 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 836 Xerxes xerxe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 837 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 838 Invasions invasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 839 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 840 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 841 Hidden Hidden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 842 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 843 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 844 CS1 cs1 NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 845 errors error NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 846 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 847 URL URL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 848 CS1 CS1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 849 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 850 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 851 bot bot NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 852 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 853 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 854 URL url NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 855 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 856 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 857 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 858 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 859 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 860 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 861 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 862 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 863 matches match VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 864 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 865 Pages Pages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 866 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 867 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 868 image image NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 869 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 870 auto auto NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 871 scaled scale VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 872 images image NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 873 AC AC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 874 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 875 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 876 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 877 Good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 878 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 879 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 880 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 881 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 882 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 883 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 884 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 885 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 886 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 887 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 888 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 889 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 890 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 891 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 892 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 893 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 894 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 895 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 896 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 897 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 898 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 899 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 900 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 901 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 902 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 903 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 904 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 905 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 906 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 907 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 908 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 909 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 910 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 911 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 912 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 913 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 914 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 915 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 916 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 917 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 918 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 919 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 920 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 921 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 922 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 923 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 924 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 925 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 926 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 927 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 928 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 929 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 930 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 931 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 932 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 933 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 934 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 533 935 Special special JJ 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under IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-5531 534 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 535 10 Terms term NNS 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Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 536 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5531 537 13 statement statement NN