Raemy_Schneider_VKKS2019_quidproquo_AssigningPID_Art_Design 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider 07.06.2019 ASSIGNING PERSISTENT IDENTIFIERS TO ART AND DESIGN ENTITIES Julien A. Raemy & René Schneider Fourth Swiss Congress for Art History, VKKS, Mendrisio Quid pro quo: linked data in art history research 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider 1. Introduction to Persistent identifiers (PIDs) 2. Cool URIs and PIDs 3. The rationale and main results of the ICOPAD project 4. ICOPAD possible follow-up project: INCIPIT Agenda 1. INTRODUCTION TO PIDS 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Persistent identifiers (PID) A persistent identifier is a long-lasting and biunique reference to a digital resource. It usually has two parts: 1. A unique identifier (to ensure the provenance of a digital resource) 2. A location for the resource over time (to ensure that the identifier resolves to the correct location) https://www.slideshare.net/AustralianNationalDataService/fsci-persistent-identifiers https://www.slideshare.net/AustralianNationalDataService/fsci-persistent-identifiers 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider In order to… https://www.interserver.net/tips/kb/404-error-fix/ - Create long lasting (not permanent) access - Avoid error messages https://www.interserver.net/tips/kb/404-error-fix/ 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider PIDs are essential and indispensable to create fair data. F1 Principle: (meta)data are assigned a globally unique and eternally persistent identifier FAIRness http://www.dit.ie/dsrh/data/fairdata/ http://www.dit.ie/dsrh/data/fairdata/ 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider § Publications § Data § Persons § Organisations § Citations and more: (antibodies, fictious characters, places, plants, e-books, …) PID ≠ PID 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider « Persistence is not dependant on the identifier itself, but on legal, organisational and technical infrastructure ». (Hakala 2005) Persistence 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneiderhttp://andrew.treloar.net/research/diagrams/recording-to-archiving-architecture.jpg http://andrew.treloar.net/research/diagrams/recording-to-archiving-architecture.jpg 2. COOL URIS AND PIDS 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider § Cool URIs don’t change: https://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI (Tim Berners-Lee, 1998) § Cool URIs for the Semantic Web: https://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/ (W3C Interest Group Note, 2008) Cool URIs https://www.w3.org/Provider/Style/URI https://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/ 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider PIDs and cool URIs (Bazzanella, Bortoli, Bouquet 2013) Feature PIDs Cool URIs Resolver YES NO Authority YES NO Naming authorities YES NO Level of trust HIGH LOW Policies YES NO Persistence YES NO Actionability of IDs Partially YES Uniqueness YES NO Content change NO YES Content negotiation NO YES Cross linkage NO YES Effort for implementation HIGH LOW Costs for users Potentially HIGH LOW Sustainability issues MANY FEW Identified entities Mainly digital objects Everything Bridge metadata NO YES 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Motivation § SARI § ICOPAD PID LOD – cool URIs 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider PIDs and LOD at the BnF 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneiderhttps://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10542304w/f13.item https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10542304w/f13.item 3. THE RATIONALE AND MAIN RESULTS OF THE ICOPAD PROJECT 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider § Identités de confiance pour les données de l’art et du design (ICOPAD) – June 2017 to December 2018 o Haute école de gestion de Genève (HEG-GE) – Instigator and Project Manager o Zentralbibliothek Zürich (ZB) / Zurich Central Library o Zürcher Hochschule der Künste (ZHdK) / Zurich University of the Arts o Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft (SIK-ISEA) / Swiss Institute for Art Research o Goal: feasibility of a suitable PID model (prototype) o Requirements and workflow – link between research data and Linked Data based on PIDs o Dedicated to the disciplines of art, design, and digital humanities to derive conjectures o Transferability of the model to other disciplines ICOPAD Project https://campus.hesge.ch/id_bilingue/projekte/icopad/index_fr.asp https://campus.hesge.ch/id_bilingue/projekte/icopad/index_fr.asp 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Swiss PID Landscape ark 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider ICOPAD use cases from our project partners Institution Data set types/entities Needs SIK-ISEA Artists Artworks Dictionary entries Diverse PIDs and links to normed data. ZB Digital surrogates Fine level of granularity. ZHdK Artists Artworks Events Films Glossary entries Projects Research Data Further development of applications such as eMuseum and Medienarchiv. 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Approaches DOI + 𝐶(𝑑𝑜𝑖) = 𝑥 DOI + 1 𝐶(𝑑𝑜𝑖) = 𝑎 𝐶(𝑑𝑜𝑖) = 𝑥+,𝑥-, …,𝑥/DOI + n DOI + 1 + LD 𝐶(𝑑𝑜𝑖) = 𝑎 → 𝑜𝑤𝑙:𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒𝐴𝑠 𝑥+,𝑥-, …,𝑥/ 𝑎 = 𝑎𝑟𝑘 (𝐴𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐾𝑒𝑦 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑎 𝐷𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦) 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider § ARK identifiers are free § ARKs are built using a completely different theoretical model, consisting of a decentral and domain (i.e. DNS) agnostic approach § ARKs allow to use with ease LOD on top of them § ARKs can effortlessly be combined with other specifications such as the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) canonical URI syntax Archival Resource Key (ARK) 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Solution approaches ark s ervic e to crea te PID service request Swiss PID Hub ark r eque st DaSCH Uni Bas ark CDL exis ting ark s ervic e multitude of PIDs ark service to create own PID Attribution Service if NOT DOI @ ETH ¦ FORS AND if NOT data archived @ DaSCH 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider o PIDs are a key element in the research data management process and should be assigned to any entities as soon as possible o Trusted identity, FAIR data o PID for the Semantic Web is possible o BnF platforms o A large variety of PIDs à DOIs are not sufficient o Most interesting complement: ARKs (LOD, free, decentral, granularity, etc.) o Need for an infrastructure/service in Switzerland o National Hub that can mint ARKs Conclusion 4. ICOPAD POSSIBLE FOLLOW-UP PROJECT: INCIPIT 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider §Infrastructure nationale d’un complément pour les identifiants pérennes, interopérables et traçables (INCIPIT) §Project submission (August 2019) §3 phases 1. Attribution service (by the end of 2019) – ArODES 2. Fusion of ArODES and SONAR (2020) 3. Creation of a Hub (2021) Partners welcome (see you at Bits and Bites)! INCIPIT 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Julien A. Raemy Research and Teaching Assistant in Information Science julien.raemy@hesge.ch rene.schneider@hesge.ch René Schneider Full Professor of Information Science mailto:julien.raemy@hesge.ch mailto:rene.schneider@hesge.ch 07.06.2019Raemy & Schneider Bibliography • BAZZANELLA, Barbara, BORTOLI, Stefano and BOUQUET, Paolo, 2013. Can persistent identifiers be cool? International journal of digital curation. 14 June 2013. Vol. 8, no. 1, p. 14–28. DOI 10.2218/ijdc.v8i1.246. • BERMÈS, Emmanuelle, 2006. Des identifiants pérennes pour les ressources numériques : l’expérience de la BnF [online]. Paris, France: Bibliothèque nationale de France. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20181006042857/http://www.bnf.fr/documents/ark_presentation_bermes_2006.pdf • ESPASANDIN, Kate, JAQUET, Aurélie, LEFORT, Lise and SCHNEIDER, René (dir ), 2018. TRMASID 14: Panorama et modélisation d’identifiants pérennes pour la création d’identités de confiance [online]. Genève, Suisse: Haute école de gestion de Genève. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://doc.rero.ch/record/309479 • EU. DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, 2018. KI-06-18-206-EN-N: Turning FAIR into reality. Final Report and Action Plan on FAIR Data [online]. Brussels, Belgium. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2777/1524 • HILSE, Hans-Werner and KOTHE, Jochen, 2006. Implementing persistent identifiers: overview of concepts, guidelines and recommendations. London: CERL. ISBN 978-90-6984-508-1. • LA TRIBUNE DES ARCHIVISTES, 2018. Choisir des URL persistantes pour la mise en ligne de sa base de données : ARK pas à pas... La Tribune des Archivistes [online]. 21 October 2018. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: http://latribunedesarchives.blogspot.com/2018/10/choisir-des-url-persistantes-pour-la.html • MEADOWS, Alice, 2017. PIDapalooza – the open festival for persistent identifiers. Insights. 8 November 2017. Vol. 30, no. 3, p. 161–164. DOI 10.1629/uksg.393. • NICHOLAS, Nick, WARD, Nigel and BLINCO, Kerry, 2009. A policy checklist for enabling persistence of identifiers. D-Lib magazine [online]. January 2009. Vol. 15, no. 1/2. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. DOI 10.1045/january2009-nicholas. Available from: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january09/nicholas/01nicholas.html • PEYRARD, Sébastien, KUNZE, John A. and TRAMONI, Jean-Philippe, 2014. The ARK Identifier Scheme: Lessons Learnt at the BnF and Questions Yet Unanswered. International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications. 8 October 2014. P. 83–94. • PRONGUÉ, Nicolas and RAEMY, Julien A., 2017. Revue de la littérature : identifiants pérennes (PID), Linked Data, Données de la recherche [online]. Carouge, Suisse: Haute école de gestion de Genève. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://campus.hesge.ch/id_bilingue/projekte/icopad/doc/Prongue_Raemy_Revue_Litterature_2017.pdf • RAEMY, Julien A., 2018. Identifiants pérennes (PID) : Processus d’obtention, mapping et approches d’attribution, modélisation, glossaire [online]. Carouge, Suisse: Haute école de gestion de Genève. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://campus.hesge.ch/id_bilingue/projekte/icopad/doc/Raemy_PID_Processus_Approches_Modelisation_2018.pdf • SCHNEIDER, René and RAEMY, Julien A., 2019a. Résultats du projet ICOPAD. ID Bilingue [online]. February 2019. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://campus.hesge.ch/id_bilingue/projekte/icopad/results_fr.html • SCHNEIDER, René and RAEMY, Julien A., 2019b. Towards Trusted Identities for Swiss Researchers and their Data. 14th International Digital Curation Conference (IDCC) [online]. Melbourne, Australia. 6 February 2019. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2415995 • VAN DE SOMPEL, Herbert, KLEIN, Martin and JONES, Shawn M., 2016. Persistent URIs Must Be Used To Be Persistent. arXiv:1602.09102 [cs] [online]. 29 February 2016. [Accessed 20 May 2019]. 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