ductions in power use might be effected or which could be implemented should a scarcity of power develop. Barry Commoner will consider the ecological importance and social implications of reducing reliance on power-intensive production technologies. John Todd will discuss biotechnic decentralization as an alternative to the energy crisis; Herman Daly will consider the eco- nomic implications of a scarcity of en- ergy; and Richard Stein will review the implications of energy use and need from the standpoint of the architect. DEAN E. ABRAHAMSON University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455 29 December Geological Implications of Solid Waste Landfill * D; 0 D~~~~~~~~7 f71X DFff'ff0ffE1D100Xf0l i- X0- -- (Left). Well-managed sanitary landfill opel ready for new development. Trees were reta Domestic and industrial solid wastes are being produced at an ever-increas- ing rate. Every method for disposal of this by-product of our highly produc- tive society is encountering objections with the gradual awakening of an en- vironmental conscience in the public mind. With a concern for air pollution, incineration in major metropolitan areas is under attack; even incineration at its best leaves a residue which re- quires disposal. Open dumping and burning, common methods for handling solid waste disposal, are under attack for health and esthetic reasons. In response to the recognized short- comings of other methods of solid waste disposal, the utilization of solid wastes for sanitary landfill has been the fastest growing technique in the (Right). Restored landfill area last decade. A landfill is a man-made geologic deposit with rather unique physical and chemical properties. Its composition is strikingly inhomogene- ous, as is its particle size. The rate of compaction-settling is extremely high in comparison with natural geological sediments. The porosity and permeabil- ity of solid waste landfills vary within wide limits and the leachate which seeps forth is frequently a biological and chemical contaminant. The scheduled symposium on "Geo- logical Implications of Solid Waste Landfill" is dedicated to the principle that "Out of sight, out of mind" is no longer an acceptable basis for getting rid of solid wastes in the ground. Geologists, hydrologists, planners, and landscape architects will address them- selves to the definition and recognition of the extent to which various geologic and hydrologic conditions in the ground favor or limit the selection of solid landfill waste disposal sites. There has also been developing a new expertise in the physical and chemical effects of the landfill waste materials upon thc sites themselves. The symposium will highlight many of the findings and parameters developed by leading re- searchers in this contemporary field. Speakers and Topics D. A. Stephenson, What To Do before the Garbage Truck A rrives. S. Jackson Hubbard, Designt of a Sanii- tary Landfill. Norbert B. Schomaker, Collstruction Techniques for Sanitary Landfills. George M. Hughes, Hydrogeologic Conz- trols on the Movement of Leaclhates from Refuse. Richard R. Parizek and Donald Lang- muir, Mantagement of Leachates from Sanzitary Lazdfill. Grover H. Emrich, Managemenzt of Hazardous Geologic Conzditionis foor Safe Solid Waste Disposal. Gary L. Merritt and William C. Buccia- relli, The Geologic Aspects in the Plani- ning and Implementtation of the Penin- sylvania Solid Waste Management Act 241. Edwin G. Otton, Solid Waste Disposal in the Geohydrologic Enviroiinment of Marylanid. W. L. Fisher and L. F. Brown, Jr., Ge- ologic Evaluation of Santitary Landfill Sites, Texas Coastal Zonie. ARTHUR A. SOCOLOW State Geologist and Director, Pennsylvania Topographic and Geological Survey, Harrisburg 17120 29-30 December Living Systems: Synthesis, Assembly, Origins Several approaches to the artificial production of living systems will be re- viewed in this symposium. Attention will be focused on systems and on the supporting levels of cellular construc- tion, especially the relevant macro- molecules. Principal topics to be covered first 858 are the chemical synthesis of contem- porary proteins (K. Hofmann, Uni- versity of Pittsburgh) and nucleic acids (M. Caruthers, M.I.T.). The assembly of such macromolecules into systems is emphasized through reports on ex- periments with polymers from living systems. Many biomacromolecular preparations have been reassembled into organelles (D. J. Kushner, Univer- sity of Ottawa); nuclei and cytoplasms of amoebas have been transferred from one membrane to another (J. F. Danielli, State University of New York at Buffalo); and models of primitive macromolecules (R. Lohrmann and R. Sanchez, Salk Institute; and D. L. Rohlfing, University of South Carolina) and of primordial cells and organelles (S. W. Fox, University of Miami) SCIENCE, VOL. 174 o n A p ril 5 , 2 0 2 1 h ttp ://scie n ce .scie n ce m a g .o rg / D o w n lo a d e d fro m http://science.sciencemag.org/ 29 December Geological Implications of solid Waste Landfill Arthur A. Socolow DOI: 10.1126/science.174.4011.858 (4011), 858.174Science ARTICLE TOOLS http://science.sciencemag.org/content/174/4011/858.1.citation PERMISSIONS http://www.sciencemag.org/help/reprints-and-permissions Terms of ServiceUse of this article is subject to the trademark of AAAS. is a registeredScienceAdvancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. 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