William Holman Hunt - Wikipedia William Holman Hunt From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Pre-Raphaelite English artist (1827–1910) William Holman Hunt Self-portrait, 1867, Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence Born William Hobman Hunt (1827-04-02)2 April 1827 Cheapside, London, England Died 7 September 1910(1910-09-07) (aged 83) Kensington, London, England Nationality English Occupation painter Movement Orientalist; Pre-Raphaelites Spouse(s) Fanny Waugh Edith Waugh Signature Our English Coasts, 1852 ('Strayed Sheep') Hunt in his eastern dress, photo by Julia Margaret Cameron The Awakening Conscience (1853) William Holman Hunt OM (2 April 1827 – 7 September 1910) was an English painter and one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His paintings were notable for their great attention to detail, vivid colour, and elaborate symbolism. These features were influenced by the writings of John Ruskin and Thomas Carlyle, according to whom the world itself should be read as a system of visual signs. For Hunt it was the duty of the artist to reveal the correspondence between sign and fact. Of all the members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, Hunt remained most true to their ideals throughout his career. He was always keen to maximise the popular appeal and public visibility of his works.[1] Contents 1 Biography 2 Awards and commemoration 3 Partial list of works 4 Gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links Biography[edit] Born at Cheapside, City of London, as William Hobman Hunt, to warehouse manager William Hunt (1800–1856) and Sarah (c. 1798–1884), daughter of William Hobman, of Rotherhithe[2] Hunt adopted the name "Holman" instead of "Hobman" when he discovered that a clerk had misspelled the name that way after his baptism at the Anglican church of Saint Mary the Virgin, Ewell, England. The Hobman family were wealthy, and it was thought that Sarah had made an unequal marriage.[3][4] After eventually entering the Royal Academy art schools, having initially been rejected, Hunt rebelled against the influence of its founder Sir Joshua Reynolds. He formed the Pre-Raphaelite movement in 1848, after meeting the poet and artist Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Along with John Everett Millais they sought to revitalise art by emphasising the detailed observation of the natural world in a spirit of quasi-religious devotion to truth. This religious approach was influenced by the spiritual qualities of medieval art, in opposition to the alleged rationalism of the Renaissance embodied by Raphael. He had many pupils including Robert Braithwaite Martineau. Hunt married twice. After a failed engagement to his model Annie Miller, in 1861 he married Fanny Waugh, who later modelled for the figure of Isabella. When, at the end of 1866, she died in childbirth in Italy, he sculpted her tomb at Fiesole, having it brought down to the English Cemetery in Florence, beside the tomb of Elizabeth Barrett Browning.[5] He had a close connection with St. Mark's Church in Florence, and paid for the communion chalice inscribed in memory of his wife. His second wife, Edith, was Fanny's youngest sister. At the time it was illegal in Great Britain to marry one's deceased wife's sister, so the two of them travelled abroad and married at Neuchâtel (in francophone Switzerland) in November 1875.[6] This led to a grave conflict with other family members, notably his former Pre-Raphaelite colleague Thomas Woolner, who had once been in love with Fanny and had married the middle sister, Alice Waugh. Hunt's works were not initially successful, and were widely attacked in the art press for their alleged clumsiness and ugliness.[citation needed] He achieved some early note for his intensely naturalistic scenes of modern rural and urban life, such as The Hireling Shepherd and The Awakening Conscience. However, it was for his religious paintings that he became famous, initially The Light of the World (1851–1853), now in the chapel at Keble College, Oxford, England; a later version (1900) toured the world and now has its home in St Paul's Cathedral, London, England. In the mid-1850s Hunt travelled to the Holy Land in search of accurate topographical and ethnographical material for further religious works, and to employ his "powers to make more tangible Jesus Christ’s history and teaching";[7] there he painted The Scapegoat, The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple, and The Shadow of Death, along with many landscapes of the region. Hunt also painted many works based on poems, such as Isabella and The Lady of Shalott. He eventually built his own house in Jerusalem.[8] He eventually had to relinquish painting because failing eyesight meant that he could not achieve the quality that he wanted. His last major works, including a large version of The Light of the World hanging in St.Paul's Cathedral, London, were completed with the help of his assistant, Edward Robert Hughes. Hunt died on 7 September 1910 and was buried in St Paul's Cathedral in London, England. Awards and commemoration[edit] Hunt published an autobiography in 1905.[9] Many of his late writings are attempts to control the interpretation of his work. That year, he was appointed to the Order of Merit by King Edward VII. At the end of his life he lived in Sonning-on-Thames. His personal life was the subject of Diana Holman-Hunt's book My Grandfather, his Life and Loves.[10] The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was depicted in two BBC period dramas. The first, The Love School, in 1975, starred Bernard Lloyd as Hunt. The second was Desperate Romantics, in which Hunt is played by Rafe Spall.[11] Facing Mar Elias Monastery is a stone bench erected by the wife of the painter, who painted some of his major works at this spot. The bench is inscribed with biblical verses in Hebrew, Greek, Arabic and English. Partial list of works[edit] A Converted British Family Sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids (1850) Valentine Rescuing Sylvia from Proteus (1851) The Awakening Conscience (1853) The Light of the World (1854) The Scapegoat (1856) The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple (1860) The Shadow of Death (1871) The Importunate Neighbour (1895) The Miracle of the Holy Fire (1899) Gallery[edit] The Lantern Maker's Courtship, A Street Scene in Cairo (1854–56) Christ and the two Marys (1847 and 1897) The Hireling Shepherd (1851) Portrait of Fanny Holman Hunt, (1866–67) Isabella and the Pot of Basil (1868) The Birthday (1868) Amaryllis (1884) May Morning on Magdalen Tower (1890) The Lady of Shalott (1905) See also[edit] External video Hunt's Claudio and Isabella, Smarthistory Hunt's The Awakening Conscience, Smarthistory English school of painting List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings List of Orientalist artists Orientalism References[edit] ^ Judith Bronkhurst, 'Hunt, William Holman (1827–1910)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 ^ https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-34058 ^ http://www.williamholmanhunt.org/biography ^ Amor, Anne Clark (1989). William Holman Hunt: the True Pre-Raphaelite. London: Constable. p. 14-15. ISBN 0094687706. ^ Jess Waugh (compiler) (31 March 2013). "Tomb of Fanny Waugh Hunt (There are several pictures of it if you scroll down the page.)". Pre-Rafaelite Tombs at the English Cemetery in Florence. Jess Waugh Ltd., NY. Retrieved 9 June 2019. ^ Brian Bouchard (compiler) (2011). "William Holman Hunt (1827–1910)". Pre-Raphaelite artist and his connections to Ewell. Epsom and Ewell Local and Family History Centre. Retrieved 9 June 2019. ^ Hunt, W.H., Pre-Raphaelitism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood; London: Macmillan; 1905, Vol. 1, p. 349 ^ Victorian Web ^ Pre-Raphaelitism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood ^ British watercolours in the Victoria and Albert Museum. Victoria and Albert Museum. 1980. ISBN 9780856671111. Retrieved 26 August 2014. ^ BBC, BBC Drama Production presents Desperate Romantics for BBC Two Further reading[edit] Landow, George (1979). William Holman Hunt and Typological Symbolism. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-02196-8. Maas, Jeremy (1984). Holman Hunt and the Light of the World. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-85967-683-0. Bronkhurst, Judith (2006). William Holman Hunt : A Catalogue Raisonné. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10235-2. Lochnan, Katharine (2008). Holman Hunt and the Pre-Raphaelite Vision. Art Gallery of Toronto. ISBN 978-1-894243-57-5. External links[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Holman Hunt. Wikisource has original works written by or about: William Holman Hunt 55 paintings by or after William Holman Hunt at the Art UK site William Holman Hunt's The Scapegoat: Rite of Forgiveness/Transference of Blame Works by Holman Hunt at Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery's Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource William Holman Hunt Collection. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Holman Hunt Manuscripts, John Rylands Library, University of Manchester Archival Material at Leeds University Library v t e William Holman Hunt Paintings Rienzi A Converted British Family Sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids Claudio and Isabella The Hireling Shepherd Valentine Rescuing Sylvia from Proteus Our English Coasts, 1852 ('Strayed Sheep') The Awakening Conscience The Light of the World The Scapegoat The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple Isabella and the Pot of Basil The Shadow of Death The Miracle of the Holy Fire The Lady of Shalott Related Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood The Germ Hogarth Club Diana Holman-Hunt (granddaughter) The Love School (1975 miniseries) Desperate Romantics (2009 miniseries) v t e Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (paintings) William Holman Hunt John Everett Millais Dante Gabriel Rossetti James Collinson William Michael Rossetti Frederic George Stephens Thomas Woolner Associated artists and figures Lawrence Alma-Tadema George Price Boyce John Brett Ford Madox Brown Lucy Madox Brown Richard Burchett Edward Burne-Jones Georgiana Burne-Jones James Campbell John Collier Charles Allston Collins Frank Cadogan Cowper Evelyn De Morgan Walter Deverell Henry Treffry Dunn William Dyce Henry Holiday Arthur Hughes Edward Robert Hughes Frederic Leighton Robert Braithwaite Martineau Louisa Beresford, Marchioness of Waterford William Morris Alexander Munro Joseph Noel Paton Valentine Cameron Prinsep Christina Rossetti John Ruskin Emma Sandys Frederick Sandys Thomas Seddon Elizabeth Siddal James Smetham Rebecca Solomon Simeon Solomon John Roddam Spencer Stanhope Marie Spartali Stillman John Melhuish Strudwick Algernon Charles Swinburne Henry Wallis John William Waterhouse William Lindsay Windus Some well-known works (period and post-period) Ophelia Christ in the House of His Parents A Converted British Family Sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids Ecce Ancilla Domini Mariana The Light of the World Our English Coasts ('Strayed Sheep') The Scapegoat Paolo and Francesca da Rimini The Last of England Work The Awakening Conscience The Hireling Shepherd April Love Found Autumn Leaves Bocca Baciata Oxford Union murals Lady Lilith Roman Widow Mary Magdalene The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple Morgan le Fay Beata Beatrix The Shadow of Death Proserpine A Vision of Fiammetta Pygmalion and the Image series The Beloved Flaming June Cymon and Iphigenia King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid The Day Dream The Golden Stairs Dante and Beatrice Love's Messenger The Magic Circle The Legend of Briar Rose The Lady of Shalott (Waterhouse) The Roses of Heliogabalus Lilith Eos Hope Hylas and the Nymphs Lady Godiva The Love Potion The Lady of Shalott (Hunt) I Am Half-Sick of Shadows, Said the Lady of Shalott Models Elizabeth Siddal Fanny Cornforth Effie Gray Sophy Gray Annie Miller Jane Morris Marie Spartali Stillman Alexa Wilding Maria Zambaco Dorothy Dene Fanny Eaton Ruth Herbert Related The Germ Hogarth Club Morris & Co. Rossetti and His Circle (1922 book) Dante's Inferno (1967 film) The Love School (1975 series) Desperate Romantics (2009 series) Effie Gray (2014 film) Authority control AGSA: 2710 BNE: XX995899 BNF: cb121116779 (data) CiNii: DA01683179 GND: 118775332 ISNI: 0000 0000 8393 9822 LCCN: n83227381 MBA: 86135a18-1849-4482-b863-8c694acd02d3 NGV: 1038 NKC: ola2003192322 NLA: 35214356 NLI: 000602455 NTA: 070222916 RKD: 40652 SNAC: w6dc8s2s SUDOC: 029502608 Trove: 868307 ULAN: 500001633 VcBA: 495/372469 VIAF: 73884600 WorldCat Identities: lccn-n83227381 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Holman_Hunt&oldid=995844884" Categories: 1827 births 1910 deaths 19th-century English painters English male painters 20th-century English painters Artists' Rifles soldiers Burials at St Paul's Cathedral Christian artists English Christians Members of the Order of Merit People from Sonning Pre-Raphaelite painters Orientalist painters Members of the Athenaeum Club, London Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Use dmy dates from October 2020 Biography with signature Articles with hCards All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019 Commons link from Wikidata Wikipedia articles with AGSA identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNE identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers Wikipedia articles with NGV identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLI identifiers Wikipedia articles with NTA identifiers Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers Wikipedia articles with ULAN identifiers Wikipedia articles with VcBA identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikisource Languages Afrikaans العربية Беларуская Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge 한국어 Հայերեն Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Lietuvių मैथिली Македонски مصرى Nederlands 日本語 Norsk bokmål Norsk nynorsk Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Türkçe Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 05:11 (UTC). 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