2001: A Space Odyssey (novel) - Wikipedia 2001: A Space Odyssey (novel) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search 1968 science fiction novel by Arthur C. Clarke 2001: A Space Odyssey Cover of the first American edition Author Arthur C. Clarke Country United Kingdom Language English Series Space Odyssey Genre Science Fiction Publisher Hutchinson (UK) New American Library (US) Publication date 1968 Media type Print (Hardcover, Paperback) Pages 221 (US) 224 (UK) ISBN 0-453-00269-2 Followed by 2010: Odyssey Two  2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 science fiction novel by British writer Arthur C. Clarke. It was developed concurrently with Stanley Kubrick's film version and published after the release of the film. Clarke and Kubrick worked on the book together, but eventually only Clarke ended up as the official author. The story is based in part on various short stories by Clarke, including "The Sentinel" (written in 1948 for a BBC competition, but first published in 1951 under the title "Sentinel of Eternity"). By 1992, the novel had sold three million copies worldwide.[1] An elaboration of Clarke and Kubrick's collaborative work on this project was made in the 1972 book The Lost Worlds of 2001. The first part of the novel, in which aliens influence the primitive ancestors of humans, is similar to the plot of Clarke's 1953 short story, "Encounter in the Dawn". Contents 1 Plot summary 2 Themes 3 Characters 3.1 Main characters 3.2 Minor characters 4 Sequels 5 Reception 6 Differences from the film 7 Iapetus versus Japetus 8 Release details 9 See also 10 References 11 External links Plot summary[edit] A mysterious alien civilization uses a tool with the appearance of a large crystalline monolith to investigate worlds across the galaxy and, if possible, to encourage the development of intelligent life. The book shows one such monolith appearing in prehistoric Africa, 3 million years ago (in the movie, 4 mya), where it inspires a starving group of hominids to develop tools. The hominids use their tools to kill animals and eat meat, ending their starvation. They then use the tools to kill a leopard preying on them; the next day, the main ape character, Moon-Watcher, uses a club to kill the leader of a rival tribe. The book suggests that the monolith was instrumental in awakening intelligence. In AD 1999, Dr. Heywood Floyd travels to the Moon's Clavius Base, where a scientist explains that they have found an electromagnetic disturbance, designated Tycho Magnetic Anomaly One (or TMA-1), in the crater Tycho. Excavation has revealed a large black slab, precisely fashioned to a ratio of 1:4:9 (or 12:22:32) and therefore believed the work of intelligence. Visiting TMA-1, Floyd and others arrive just as sunlight falls upon it for the first time since it was uncovered; it emits a piercing radio transmission which the scientists determine is directed at one of the moons of Saturn, Japetus (Iapetus).[2] A mission, Discovery One, is sent to Saturn. En route, Dr. David Bowman and Dr. Frank Poole are the only conscious humans aboard; their three colleagues are in suspended animation, to be awakened near Saturn. The HAL 9000, an artificially intelligent computer, addressed as "Hal", maintains the ship. While Poole is receiving a birthday message from his family on Earth, Hal tells Bowman that the AE-35 communication unit of the ship is going to malfunction. Poole takes one of the extra-vehicular pods and swaps the AE-35 unit; but when Bowman conducts tests on the removed AE-35 unit, he determines that there was never anything wrong with it. Poole and Bowman become suspicious at Hal's refusal to admit that his diagnosis was mistaken; Hal then claims that the replacement AE-35 unit will fail. In communicating with Earth, Poole and Bowman are directed to disconnect Hal for analysis. These instructions are interrupted as the signal is broken, and Hal informs them that the AE-35 unit has malfunctioned. As Poole is removing the unit he is killed when his pod accelerates into him, crushing him. Bowman, uncertain of Hal's role therein, decides to wake the other three astronauts, and therefore quarrels with Hal, with Hal refusing to obey his orders. Bowman threatens to disconnect him if his orders are not obeyed, and Hal relents. As Bowman begins to awaken his colleagues, he hears Hal open both airlocks into space, releasing the ship's internal atmosphere. From a sealed emergency shelter, Bowman gains a spacesuit and re-enters the ship, where he shuts down Hal's consciousness, leaving intact only his autonomic functions, and manually re-establishes contact with Earth. He then learns that his mission is to explore Iapetus,[2] in the hope of contacting the society that buried the monolith on the Moon. Bowman learns that Hal had begun to feel guilty at keeping the purpose of the mission from him and Poole, against his stated mission of gathering information and reporting it fully; and when threatened with disconnection, he panicked and defended himself out of a belief that his very existence was at stake, having no concept of sleep. Bowman spends months on the ship alone, slowly approaching Iapetus. During his approach, he gradually notices a small black spot on the surface of Iapetus, and later finds it identical in shape to TMA-1, only much larger. The scientists on Earth name this monolith "TMA-2", which Bowman identifies as a double misnomer because it is not in the Tycho crater and gives off no magnetic anomaly. When Bowman approaches the monolith, it opens and pulls in Bowman's pod. Before he vanishes, Mission Control hears him proclaim: "The thing's hollow – it goes on forever – and – oh my God! – it's full of stars!"[3] Bowman is transported via the monolith to an unknown star system, through a large interstellar switching station, and sees other species' spaceships going on other routes. Bowman is given a wide variety of sights, from the wreckage of ancient civilizations to what appear to be life-forms, living on the surfaces of a binary star system's planet. He is brought to what appears a pleasant hotel suite, carefully designed to make him feel at ease, and falls asleep, whereupon he becomes an immortal 'Star Child' that can live and travel in space. The Star Child then returns to Earth, where he detonates an orbiting nuclear warhead. Themes[edit] Perils of technology 2001: A Space Odyssey explores technological advancement: its promise and its danger. The HAL 9000 computer puts forward the troubles that can crop up when man builds machines, the inner workings of which he does not fully comprehend and therefore cannot fully control. Perils of nuclear war The book explores the perils related to the atomic age. In this novel, the Cold War is apparently still on, and at the end of the book one side has nuclear weapons above the earth on an orbital platform. To test its abilities, the Star Child detonates an orbiting warhead at the end of the novel, creating a false dawn below for the people on Earth. Roger Ebert notes that Kubrick originally intended for the first spaceship seen in the film to be an orbiting bomb platform, but in the end he decided to leave the ship's meaning more ambiguous. Clarke, however, retained and clearly stated this fact in the novel.[4] Evolution The novel takes a panoramic overview of progress, human and otherwise. The story follows the growth of human civilization from primitive hominids. Distinctively, Space Odyssey is concerned about not only the evolution that has led to the development of humanity, but also the evolution that humanity might undergo in the future. Hence, we follow Bowman as he is turned into a Star Child. The novel acknowledges that evolutionary theory entails that humanity is not the end, but only a step in the process. One way this process might continue, the book imagines, is that humans will learn to move to robot bodies and eventually rid themselves of a physical form altogether. Space exploration When 2001: A Space Odyssey was written, humankind had not yet set foot on the Moon. The space exploration programs in the United States and the Soviet Union were only in the early stages. Much room was left to imagine the future of the space program. Space Odyssey offers one such vision, offering a glimpse at what space exploration might one day become. Lengthy journeys, such as manned flights to Saturn, and advanced technologies, such as suspended animation, are described in the novel. Artificial intelligence The book raises questions about consciousness, sentience, and human interactions with machines. Hal's helpful disposition contrasts with his malevolent behaviour. Through much of the movie he seems to have malfunctioned. At the end of the novel we learn that Hal's odd behaviour stems from an improper conflict in his orders. Having been instructed not to reveal the nature of the mission to his crew, he reasons that their presence is a threat to the mission, which is his prime concern. Hal's reversion to a childlike state as Dave shuts him down mirrors aspects of human death, and his expressed fear of being shut down causes Dave to hesitate. Accoutrements of space travel The novel is deliberately written so as to give the reader an almost kinesthetic familiarity with the experience of space travel and the technologies encountered. Large sections of the novel are devoted to detailed descriptions of these. The novel discusses orbital mechanics and the manoeuvres associated with space travel with great scientific accuracy. The daily lives of Bowman and Poole on board the Discovery One are discussed in detail and give the impression of a busy yet mundane lifestyle with few surprises until the malfunction of Hal. Dr. Floyd's journey to Space Station One is depicted with awareness of fine points such as the experience of a Space Shuttle launch, the adhesive sauces used to keep food firmly in place on one's plate, and even the zero-gravity toilet. Characters[edit] Main characters[edit] Moon-Watcher: a man-ape who lived in dry equatorial Africa, circa 3,000,000 B.C. He, his tribe, and his species were faced with extinction, but for the intervention of a monolith which imbued him and his fellows with the beginnings of higher intelligence. Evolution then took its course. Dr. Heywood Floyd: Scientist and senior bureaucrat, who is flown from the Earth to the Moon on a secret mission concerning the Tycho monolith, a second monolith which has been discovered on the Moon, and excavated by Americans. In Floyd's presence, the Tycho monolith, being struck by sunlight for the first time in three million years, sends an extremely powerful signal in the direction of Saturn. David Bowman: First Captain of the Discovery, an American spacecraft which had previously been intended to visit the Jupiter system, but which has recently instead been charged with exploring Saturn. Unbeknownst to Bowman and his deputy Frank Poole, the true objective of the mission is reconnaissance of Saturn space, implicated by the above radio signal direction, where it is thought that further clues to the aliens' intent may be found. Frank Poole: Bowman's deputy. Bowman and Poole routinely toggle shifts in order to maintain a continuous, waking presence on board the Discovery. Poole is attacked and seemingly killed by HAL while performing EVA maintenance. HAL 9000: the Discovery's intelligent, on board ship's computer, capable of monitoring all ship functions, and holding conversations and maintaining relationships with human beings. HAL malfunctions, killing all crew members with the exception of Bowman; this was a result both of HAL being entrusted with the true objective of the Discovery's mission, and also of being charged with keeping it a secret until the appropriate time. These orders conflict with HAL's basic purpose, which is the accurate and complete communication of information to humans. Minor characters[edit] Over the course of the novel, several minor characters either appear very briefly or are named only in passing, including other man-apes, spaceflight staff, lunar station security, and Discovery crew members. Among the novel's minor characters, some of the more consequential are listed below (often having direct film equivalents, or else being recurring characters in the Odyssey novel series). Dr. Dimitri Moisevitch: a good friend of Floyd's (and citizen of the rival U.S.S.R.), who diplomatically presses Floyd about the Americans' "outbreak" cover story (intended to keep outsiders away from the discovery of the Tycho monolith) while both are aboard Space Station One, a stopping-point between the Earth and the Moon. In the film, Moisevitch's role is carried out by a character of a different name, Dr. Andrey Smislov, while the character of Moisevitch as-such makes appearances throughout the rest of the Odyssey series and in the opening scene of the 2010 film. Moisevitch, like Floyd, is written as a cagey and worldly bureaucrat. Ralph Halvorsen: Administrator of the Southern Province and leader of Clavius Base, Halvorsen represents American interests on the Moon, and receives Floyd at Clavius to gather information about the Tycho monolith. Whitehead, Kaminski, and Hunter: a trio of astronauts who are put aboard the Discovery in hibernation, in order to conserve resources. In the event of the deaths of Bowman or Poole, the hibernating astronauts are to be revived in the order given. Consequently, upon Poole's presumptive death, Bowman partially revived Whitehead until HAL depressurized the Discovery, killing the three while Bowman escaped to a secure area. In the film, HAL kills the trio by simply shutting off their life support functions while Bowman is on EVA in an effort to recover Poole's body; in the film, the trio are instead styled as Kimball, Kaminsky, and Hunter. Dr. Chandra: briefly cited by HAL during his de-activation as being his first instructor, who taught him to sing "Daisy". In the film, this initial instructor is instead named as "Mr. Langley"; however the character of Dr. Chandra features throughout the rest of the Odyssey franchise, especially in the 2010 book and film. Anna, Betty, Clara: the namesakes of the Discovery's three EVA pods. In other films and novels of the franchise, these pods are given different naming conventions. Betty is the pod which, under HAL's control, presumptively causes Poole's death. Sequels[edit] 2010: Odyssey Two, a 1982 sequel to the book, was adapted as a motion picture in 1984. Clarke went on to write two more sequel novels: 2061: Odyssey Three (1987) and 3001: The Final Odyssey (1997). To date,[update] the last two novels have yet to be adapted as films. Reception[edit] James Blish commented that while Clarke's narrative provided essential elements of the story that Kubrick ignored or glossed over, "The novel has very little of the poetry of the picture" and "lacks most of the picture's strengths", but that "it has to be read before one can understand the picture".[5] Eliot Fremont-Smith reviewed the book positively in the New York Times, stating that it was "a fantasy by a master who is as deft at generating accelerating, almost painful suspense as he is knowledgeable and accurate (and fascinating) about the technical and human details of space flight and exploration".[6] Differences from the film[edit] This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (March 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Although the novel and film were developed simultaneously, the novel follows early drafts of the film, from which the final version of the film deviated.[7] These changes were often for practical reasons relating to what could be filmed economically, and a few were due to differences of opinion between Kubrick and Clarke. The most notable differences are a change in the destination planet from Saturn to Jupiter, and the nature of the sequence of events leading to HAL's demise. Stylistic differences may be more important than content differences. Of lesser importance are the appearance of the monolith, the age of HAL, and the novel giving names to various spacecraft, prehistoric apes, and HAL's inventor. Stylistically, the novel generally fleshes out and makes concrete many events left somewhat enigmatic in the film, as has been noted by many observers. Vincent LeBrutto has noted that the novel has "strong narrative structure" which fleshes out the story, while the film is a mainly visual experience where much remains "symbolic".[8] Randy Rasmussen has noted that the personality of Heywood Floyd is different; in Clarke's novel, he finds space travel thrilling, acting almost as a "spokesman for Clarke", whereas in the film, he experiences space travel as "routine" and "tedious".[9] In the film, Discovery's mission is to Jupiter, not Saturn. Kubrick used Jupiter because he and special effects supervisor Douglas Trumbull could not decide on what they considered to be a convincing model of Saturn's rings for the film.[10] Clarke went on to replace Saturn with Jupiter in the novel's sequel 2010: Odyssey Two. Trumbull later developed a more convincing image of Saturn for his own directorial debut Silent Running. The general sequence of the showdown with HAL is different in the film from in the book. HAL's initial assertion that the AE-35 unit will fail comes in the film after an extended conversation with David Bowman about the odd and "melodramatic" "mysteries" and "secrecy" surrounding the mission, motivated officially because HAL is required to draw up and send to Earth a crew psychology report.[11] In the novel it is during the birthday message to Frank Poole. In the film, Bowman and Poole decide on their own to disconnect HAL in context of a plan to restore the allegedly failing antenna unit. If it does not fail, HAL will be shown to be malfunctioning. HAL discovers the plan by reading their lips through the EVA pod window. In Clarke's novel, ground control orders Bowman and Poole to disconnect HAL, should he prove to be malfunctioning a second time by predicting that the second unit is going to go bad.[12] However, in Clarke's novel, after Poole's death, Bowman tries waking up the other crew members, whereupon HAL opens both the internal and external airlock doors, suffocating these three and almost killing Bowman. The film has Bowman, after Poole's murder, go out to rescue him. HAL denies him reentry and kills the hibernating crew members by turning off their life-support. In the sequel 2010: Odyssey Two, however, the recounting of the Discovery One mission is changed to the film version.[13] The film is generally far more enigmatic about the reason for HAL's failure, while the novel spells out that HAL is caught up in an internal conflict because he is ordered to lie about the purpose of the mission.[14] Because of what photographed well, the appearance of the monolith that guided Moon-watcher and the other 'man-apes' at the beginning of the story was changed from novel to film. In the novel, this monolith is a transparent crystal;[15] In the film, it is solid black. The TMA1 and TMA2 monoliths were unchanged. While it is stated in the book that the ratio of the dimensions of the monolith are supposed to be 1:4:9 (12 : 22 : 32), the shape of the actual monolith seen in the movie does not conform to this ratio. A ratio of 1:4:9 would produce an object that appears thick, wide, and squat. Kubrick wanted something taller and thinner, which he felt would be more imposing. Measurements taken from movie frames show that the movie monolith has dimensions approximately in the ratio 0.65:4:9 or 1:6:14.[original research?] In the book, HAL became operational on 12 January 1997, but in the movie the year is given as 1992.[16] It has been thought that Kubrick wanted HAL to be the same age as a young bright child, nine years old.[citation needed] Iapetus versus Japetus[edit] The name of the Saturnian moon Iapetus is spelled Japetus in the book. This is an alternative rendering of the name, which derives from the fact that "consonantal I" often stands for "J" in the Latin language (see modern spelling of Latin). In his detailed 1970 book on the film, The Making of Kubrick's 2001,[17] author Jerome Agel discusses the point that Iapetus is the most common rendering of the name, according to many sources, including the Oxford English Dictionary. He goes on to say that "Clarke, the perfectionist", spells it Japetus. Agel then cites the dictionary that defines jape as "to jest; to joke; to mock or make fun of". He then asks the reader, "Is Clarke trying to tell us something?" Clarke himself directly addressed the spelling issue in chapter 19 of The Lost Worlds of 2001,[18] explaining that he simply (and unconsciously) used the spelling he was familiar with from The Conquest of Space (1949) by Willy Ley and Chesley Bonestell, presuming that the "J" form is the German rendering of the Greek. Release details[edit] 1968, USA, New American Library ( ISBN 0-453-00269-2), June 1968, hardback (First edition)[19] 1968, USA, Signet, July 1968, paperback (First paperback edition)[19] 1968, UK, Hutchinson ( ISBN 0-09-089830-3), 1968, hardback (First British edition)[19] 1968, UK, Arrow Books ( ISBN 0-09-001530-4), October 1968, paperback 1976, Arrow Books ( ISBN 9780099066101), August 1976, paperback 1982, Roc ( ISBN 9780451118646), November 1982, paperback 1985, Ediciones Orbis – Hyspamerica ( ISBN 9788476340530), paperback, Spanish Language edition (2001: Una odisea espacial) translated by Antonio Ribera 1990, Orbit ( ISBN 9781857236644), July 1990, paperback 1993, USA, Roc ( ISBN 0-451-45273-9), August 1993, hardback (25th Anniversary Edition) 1993, USA, Turtleback Books ( ISBN 9780606160087), August 1993, hardback 1998, İthaki Yayınları ( ISBN 9789756902011), October 1998, paperback, Turkish Language edition (2001: Bir Uzay Efsanesi) translated by Ardan Tüzünsoy 1999, USA, New American Library, ( ISBN 9780451198495), October 1999, hardback 2000, USA, Roc ( ISBN 978-0451457998), September 2000, paperback 2000, UK, Orbit ( ISBN 1-84149-055-5), December 2000, hardback (special edition) 2001, Roc (ASIN B01A6E8EQ6), September 2001, Kindle edition 2004, المؤسسة العربية الحديثة للطبع والنشر والتوزيع, January 2004, Arabic language edition (أوديسا الفضاء) translated by أحمد خالد توفيق 2005, USA, Signet ( ISBN 0-451-45273-9), July 2005, paperback 2008, vis-a-vis/Etiuda ( ISBN 9788389640949), 2008, Polish language edition (2001: Odyseja kosmiczna) translated by Jędrzej Polak 2008, Brilliance Audio ( ISBN 9781423336624), January 2008 Audiobook narrated by Dick Hill 2008, Nord ( ISBN 9788842915508), January 2008, paperback, Italian language edition (2001: Odissea nello spazio) 2008, J'ai Lu ( ISBN 9782290308141), March 2008, paperback, French language edition (2001: L'Odyssée de l'espace) 2010, Editura Nemira ( ISBN 9786068134604), Hardcover, Romanian language edition (2001: Odiseea spaţială) 2010, Orbit (ASIN B003PPDIC4), June 2010, Kindle edition 2012 Rosetta Books (ASIN B00ANA27IU), 2012, Kindle edition 2013, BR, Aleph ( ISBN 9788576571551), October 2013, Brazilian Portuguese language edition (2001: Uma Odisséia no Espaço) translated by Fábio Fernandes 2016, Penguin Galaxy ( ISBN 9780143111573), October 2016, hardback 2016, İthaki Yayınları ( ISBN 9786053755951), October 2016, paperback, Turkish language edition (2001: Bir Uzay Destanı) translated by Oya İşeri The film 2010 was released in 1984 resulting in movie tie-in editions of both the 2001 and 2010 novels. At the time Signet Books reported that over 2.8 million copies of 2001 were in print and that 2010 was one of 1983's top sellers with 300,000 hardcover copies and 1.75 million first paperback editions printed.[20][21] See also[edit] List of fictional computers Toynbee tiles Childhood's End List of stories set in a future now past References[edit] Notes ^ Sharp, Michael D. (2005). Popular Contemporary Writers. Marshall Cavendish. p. 423. ISBN 978-0-7614-7601-6. ^ a b See #Iapetus vs. Japetus in this article ^ See p. 254 of paperback edition of 2001: A Space Odyssey ^ Ebert 2004, p. 4. ^ "The Future in Books", Amazing Stories, January 1969, pp. 141-42 ^ "Outward Bound". www.nytimes.com. ^ McLellan, Dennis (19 March 2008). "Arthur C. Clarke, 90; scientific visionary, acclaimed writer of '2001: A Space Odyssey'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 23 March 2011. ^ LoBrutto 1999, p. 310. ^ Rasmussen 2005, p. 51. ^ See Arthur C. Clarke's foreword to 2010: Odyssey Two ^ In reality, as will be explained in more details in the sequel, he's probing the extent of Bowman's knowledge of the true goal of the mission, which HAL was ordered to keep secret – this is precisely the conflict between that secrecy and his basic design as a computer to provide accurate informations in all circumstances, which triggers its murderous actions, based on the equivalent of a psychosis, according to his conceptor Dr. Chandra. ^ See p. 174 of paperback edition of 2001: A Space Odyssey ^ p. 185 of paperback edition ^ Chapter 27 of novel ^ pp. 11–21 of novel ^ DeMet, George D. (2001). "Meanings: The Search for Meaning in 2001 – HAL's "Birthday"". 2001: A Space Odyssey Internet Resource Archive. Retrieved 23 March 2011. ^ The Making of Kubrick's 2001, Signet Press, 1970, p. 290 ^ The Making of Kubrick's 2001, Signet Press, 1970, p. 127 ^ a b c Locke 1974, p. 24. ^ "Books, Listed by Author, Clarke, Arthur C(harles)". Locus Magazine. ^ "Books, Listed by Author, Clarke, Arthur C(harles)". Locus Magazine. Bibliography Ebert, Roger (2004). The Great Movies. Broadway Books. ISBN 0-7679-1038-9. Hagerty, Jack; Jon C. Rogers (2001). Spaceship Handbook: Rocket and Spacecraft Designs of the 20th Century, Fictional, Factual, and Fantasy. ARA Press. pp. 322–351. ISBN 0-9707604-0-X. LoBrutto, Vincent (1999). Stanley Kubrick: A Biography. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80906-4. Locke, George (1978). Science Fiction First Editions: a select bibliography and notes for the collector.. London: Ferret Fantasy. Ordway III, Frederick Ira (March 1970). "2001: A Space Odyssey". Spaceflight. The British Interplanetary Society. 12 (3): 110–117. Ordway III, Frederick Ira (1982). "2001: A Space Odyssey in Retrospect". In Eugene M. Emme (ed.). American Astronautical Society History. Science Fiction and Space Futures: Past and Present. 5. pp. 47–105. ISBN 0-87703-172-X. Archived from the original on 26 April 2011. Retrieved 23 March 2011. A detailed account of development and filming of 2001: A Space Odyssey by its technical adviser. Rasmussen, Randy (2005). Stanley Kubrick: Seven Films Analyzed. McFarland & Company. ISBN 0-7864-2152-5. Tuck, Donald H. (1974). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. Chicago: Advent. p. 102. ISBN 0-911682-20-1. Williams, Craig H.; Leonard A. Dudzinski; Stanley K. Borowski & Albert J. Juhasz (March 2005). Realizing "2001: A Space Odyssey": Piloted Spherical Torus Nuclear Fusion Propulsion (PDF). Cleveland, Ohio: John H. Glenn Research Center. Retrieved 19 September 2013. External links[edit] Book review – Hal's Legacy: 2001's Computer as Dream and Reality 2001: A Space Odyssey title listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database v t e Arthur C. Clarke's Space Odyssey series 2001: A Space Odyssey project Short stories "The Sentinel" "Encounter in the Dawn" Films 2001: A Space Odyssey 2010: The Year We Make Contact Novels 2001: A Space Odyssey 2010: Odyssey Two 2061: Odyssey Three 3001: The Final Odyssey Non-fiction The Lost Worlds of 2001 Comics 2001: A Space Odyssey Elements Monoliths Clavius Base Discovery One HAL 9000 Ganymede City Related Interpretations of 2001: A Space Odyssey Technologies in 2001: A Space Odyssey 2001: A Space Odyssey in popular culture 2001: A Space Odyssey soundtrack Alex North's 2001: A Space Odyssey score Poole versus HAL 9000 (chess game) Machine Man A Time Odyssey 9000 Hal v t e Arthur C. Clarke Bibliography Novels Prelude to Space The Sands of Mars Islands in the Sky Against the Fall of Night Childhood's End Earthlight The City and the Stars The Deep Range A Fall of Moondust Dolphin Island Glide Path Imperial Earth The Fountains of Paradise The Songs of Distant Earth Cradle (with Gentry Lee) The Ghost from the Grand Banks The Hammer of God Richter 10 (with Mike McQuay) The Trigger (with Michael Kube-McDowell) The Light of Other Days (with Stephen Baxter) The Last Theorem (with Frederik Pohl) Novel series Space Odyssey 2001: A Space Odyssey 2010: Odyssey Two 2061: Odyssey Three 3001: The Final Odyssey Rama series Rendezvous with Rama Rama II (with Gentry Lee) The Garden of Rama (with Gentry Lee) Rama Revealed (with Gentry Lee) A Time Odyssey Time's Eye (with Stephen Baxter) Sunstorm (with Stephen Baxter) Firstborn (with Stephen Baxter) Short story collections Expedition to Earth Reach for Tomorrow Tales from the White Hart The Other Side of the Sky Tales of Ten Worlds The Nine Billion Names of God Of Time and Stars The Wind from the Sun The Best of Arthur C. Clarke The Sentinel Tales from Planet Earth More Than One Universe The Collected Stories of Arthur C. Clarke Non-fiction Interplanetary Flight: An Introduction to Astronautics The Lost Worlds of 2001 The View from Serendip The Odyssey File: The Making of 2010 How the World Was One: Beyond the Global Village An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural Adaptations 2001: A Space Odyssey (film) 2001: A Space Odyssey (comics) 2010: The Year We Make Contact (film) Rendezvous with Rama (video game) "The Star" (TV episode) The Songs of Distant Earth (album) Rama (video game) Childhood's End (TV miniseries) Related Arthur C. Clarke in media Sir Arthur Clarke Award Arthur C. Clarke Award Geostationary orbit Clarke's three laws Arthur C. Clarke's Mysterious World Arthur C. Clarke's World of Strange Powers Arthur C. Clarke's Mysterious Universe Arthur C. Clarke Institute for Modern Technologies God, the Universe and Everything Else Great Basses wreck 4923 Clarke Serendipaceratops GRB 080319B Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(novel)&oldid=999013476" Categories: 1968 British novels Fiction set in 2001 Novels about artificial intelligence British science fiction novels Evolution in popular culture Novels about extraterrestrial life Faster-than-light travel in fiction Hutchinson (publisher) books Fiction set on Iapetus (moon) Fiction set on Jupiter Novels set on the Moon Novels by Arthur C. Clarke Novels set in prehistory Fiction set on Saturn Fiction set on Saturn's moons Space Odyssey Fiction set in 1999 Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata EngvarB from September 2013 Use dmy dates from November 2019 Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018 All articles containing potentially dated statements Articles that may contain original research from March 2010 All articles that may contain original research Articles that may contain original research from December 2014 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010 AC with 0 elements Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية تۆرکجه বাংলা Català Čeština Deutsch Español Euskara فارسی Français Հայերեն Italiano ქართული Latviešu Magyar Polski Português Română Русский Suomi Svenska ไทย Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 8 January 2021, at 02:28 (UTC). 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