Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. Eric Lease Morgan May 27, 2019 Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 25 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56182 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 62 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Press 11 New 10 african 10 York 10 University 9 american 9 United 6 States 6 Black 4 black 4 U.S. 4 Philadelphia 3 white 3 european 3 West 3 Washington 3 Negro 3 Journal 3 James 3 Jamaica 3 God 3 Education 2 law 2 irish 2 humanity 2 chapter 2 british 2 World 2 Studies 2 South 2 Power 2 North 2 Murphy 2 Michael 2 King 2 Joseph 2 Jackson 2 Ireland 2 Institute 2 Ibid 2 Ethiopia 2 Dr. 2 Douglass 2 Court 2 Congress 2 Commission 2 Civil 2 Chicago 2 Association 2 Americans Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 2458 people 2271 hop 1914 hip 1846 community 1786 man 1771 culture 1726 woman 1598 time 1489 way 1414 life 1256 right 1249 identity 1220 slave 1203 year 1201 narrative 1186 race 1150 law 1128 child 1109 family 1087 work 1085 study 1059 experience 1051 research 1040 self 1038 power 1025 state 980 chapter 951 student 951 history 934 practice 918 group 909 individual 883 part 882 food 876 story 861 issue 821 movement 806 term 800 aesthetic 794 health 788 society 782 example 776 form 762 system 761 body 758 discourse 735 slavery 708 world 700 institution 699 case Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 2126 African 1791 New 1653 Americans 1553 Philadelphia 1545 Black 1472 University 1339 Press 1220 York 1157 American 1110 _ 1030 Ireland 976 America 910 Northern 833 United 824 States 724 Rastafari 703 Africa 675 Moses 657 Jah 607 Ibid 551 U.S. 534 Negro 526 Rasta 523 J. 517 God 513 Doctor 504 West 499 South 459 Africans 436 London 434 M. 432 Washington 432 John 427 Journal 402 . 393 Samson 384 Rastas 378 Williams 376 HSH 370 ’s 369 Chicago 360 State 355 North 354 R. 343 Jamaica 341 Pennsylvania 339 E. 334 James 328 Belfast 327 Bible Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 8103 it 7918 i 4416 he 4300 they 3859 you 3012 we 2530 she 1699 them 1368 me 1203 him 706 us 692 her 515 themselves 336 itself 289 himself 229 herself 208 one 130 myself 91 ourselves 86 yourself 26 ’s 26 oneself 26 em 21 thee 20 ya 18 mine 9 thyself 9 theirs 6 yours 5 ’em 5 y'' 5 ours 5 ''s 5 ''em 4 y 3 y’ 3 ye 3 ya’ll 3 its 3 hisself 3 his 2 u 2 s 2 ng 2 i’/self 2 hers 1 ”85 1 ”624 1 ”440 1 yah Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 40380 be 10591 have 4935 do 2160 make 2090 see 1697 go 1502 use 1460 take 1426 come 1347 become 1320 say 1279 give 1216 know 1178 get 1027 find 906 ’ 900 create 884 provide 805 write 794 include 760 note 753 look 731 argue 727 understand 726 suggest 718 think 696 work 690 call 683 live 678 allow 663 consider 648 base 647 show 638 seek 628 begin 619 feel 614 want 594 continue 581 tell 577 serve 569 eat 565 identify 563 hold 560 mean 551 follow 542 lead 526 accord 522 bring 520 examine 503 offer Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7454 not 4409 african 3972 american 3056 black 2352 also 2220 more 2213 other 1528 so 1507 such 1499 only 1480 - 1469 white 1456 social 1355 cultural 1348 many 1320 well 1258 first 1246 as 1212 new 1207 most 1199 up 1187 political 1121 just 1121 even 1044 own 1039 however 1036 then 1006 out 960 racial 883 often 876 economic 759 human 755 same 750 now 740 good 736 early 730 different 717 high 689 thus 682 much 677 very 662 abroad 646 free 640 popular 636 important 625 back 592 here 581 still 562 public 555 homeless Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 393 most 250 good 166 least 71 Most 56 large 56 great 54 high 40 bad 25 big 21 old 20 early 17 manif 14 late 14 close 12 strong 8 young 8 low 8 long 7 poor 6 wealthy 5 fast 5 clear 4 deep 3 slight 3 safe 3 rich 3 pure 3 happy 3 eld 3 badd 2 weak 2 warm 2 temp 2 staunch 2 small 2 near 2 lowly 2 hot 2 holy 2 hard 2 free 2 dark 1 ”484 1 wrath.8 1 wise 1 wide 1 vast 1 vain 1 ugly 1 true Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 814 most 46 least 44 well 2 worst 2 hard 1 lowest 1 highest 1 government‘s Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 www.usatoday.com 41 www.npr.org 19 www.jstor.org 16 dx.doi.org 14 thegrio.com 9 www.library.umass.edu 9 en.wikipedia.org 8 www.archives.gov 8 creativecommons.org 7 www.mdpi.com 7 www.facebook.com 7 avalon.law.yale.edu 5 nationalhomeless.org 5 jah- 5 forums.rasta- 4 www.jchs.harvard.edu 4 www.frederick-douglass-heritage.org 4 shelob.ocis.temple.edu:2057 4 rastaites.com 4 libproxy.temple.edu:2091 3 www.youtube.com 3 www.pbs.org 3 www.idaillinois.org 3 www.academia.edu 3 rastawifeline.blogspot.com 3 openaccess.city.ac.uk 3 millermemorial.org 3 jah-rastafari.com 3 escholarship.org 3 content.usatoday.com 3 allhiphop.com 2 www.zhurnal.ru 2 www.uppitymusic.com 2 www.solidarity-us.org 2 www.salon.com 2 www.rastafarispeaks.com 2 www.philaoic.org 2 www.oxfordscholarlyeditions.com 2 www.oxforddictionaries.com 2 www.oneworldmagazine.org 2 www.nyahbinghi.com 2 www.nationalhomeless.org 2 www.muhammadfarms.com 2 www.mp3.com 2 www.mcsweeneys.net 2 www.marshall.edu 2 www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com 2 www.hud.gov 2 www.huckmagazine.com 2 www.freemaninstitute.com Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 26 http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo- 17 http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2012/12/03/homeless-boots- 11 http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2012/12/04/barefoot-homeless- 10 http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/03/24/homeless-man- 9 http://thegrio.com 5 http://www.npr.org/2012/12/08/166760692/good-intentions-complicated-results 5 http://jah- 5 http://forums.rasta- 4 http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2011/01/05/132677065/must-see-video- 4 http://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions 4 http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_transcript.html 4 http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html 4 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4 http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed42.asp 3 http://www.usatoday.com/videos/news/nation/2013/11/13/3511311/ 3 http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/06/29/ted-williams-golden- 3 http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/02/25/homeless-man-returns- 3 http://www.library.umass.edu/spcoll/digital/dubois/312.2.839- 3 http://www.idaillinois.org/cdm/ref/collection/isl2/id/211 3 http://thegrio.com/2013/09/03/man-who-returned-ring-no-longer-homeless-i-feel- 3 http://millermemorial.org/HISTORYpg.htm 3 http://jah-rastafari.com/forum/message- 3 http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/gettyb.asp 2 http://www.zhurnal.ru/music/rasta/napti.htm 2 http://www.uppitymusic.com/2005/11/richard-pryor-craps-after-hours- 2 http://www.rastafarispeaks.com/cgi- 2 http://www.philaoic.org/sullivan.htm 2 http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/bob-marley-about-bob-marley/656/ 2 http://www.oxfordscholarlyeditions.com/nos 2 http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/inspiration 2 http://www.oneworldmagazine.org/focus/etiopia/rasta.html 2 http://www.nyahbinghi.com/files/guidelines.htm 2 http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2011/01/05/132677065/must-see- 2 http://www.mp3.com/features/stories/9042.html 2 http://www.mdpi.com 2 http://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/the-scotus- 2 http://www.marshall.edu/akanart/kentecloth_samples.html 2 http://www.library.umass.edu/spcoll/digital/dubois/312.2.839-01-09.pdf 2 http://www.jstor.org/view/10624783/dm980401/98p03946/0?currentResult=10624783%2bdm980401%2b98p03946%2b1%2cBF7F%2b19941200%2b9921%2b80058799&searchID=cc993341.10488912120&frame=noframe&sortOrder=SCORE&userID=9bf7e506@temple.edu/01cc9933410050c6a 2 http://www.jstor.org/view/00222984/di990481/99p0435v/0?currentResult=00222984%2bdi990481%2b99p0435v%2b1%2c1770%2b19910700%2b9982%2b80089299&searchID=cc993341.10488912120&frame=noframe&sortOrder=SCORE&userID=9bf7e506@temple.edu/01cc9933410050c6a 2 http://www.jstor.org/view/00219347/di014652/00p0042b/0?currentResult=00219347%2bdi014652%2b00p0042b%2b1%2c575515%2b19991100%2b9976%2b80008899&searchID=8dd5533b.10711768801&frame=noframe&sortOrder=SCORE&userID=81200494@temple.edu/018dd5533b0050f 2 http://www.jstor.org/view/00219347/di014652/00p0042b/0?currentResult=00219347%2bdi014652%2b00p0042b%2b0%2c01%2b19991100%2b9995%2b80008899&searchID=cc993341.10488911150&frame=noframe&sortOrder=SCORE&userID=9bf7e506@temple.edu/01cc9933410050c6a6d 2 http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/publications/markets/son2005/son2005.pdf 2 http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/publications/ 2 http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Samples2/slavery.htm 2 http://www.hud.gov/news/releasedocs/barriers.cfm 2 http://www.huckmagazine.com/perspectives/reportage- 2 http://www.freemaninstitute.com/douglass.htm 2 http://www.frederick-douglass-heritage.org/why-should-a-colored-man-enlist/ 2 http://www.frederick-douglass-heritage.org/another-word-to-colored-men/ Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 6 9bf7e506@temple.edu 4 9bf7a7a1@temple.edu 4 9bf7a64b@temple.edu 3 nis25@cam.ac.uk 2 publications@city.ac.uk 2 p.geoghegan@sms.ed.ac.uk 2 heru.heq-m-ta@temple.edu 2 81200494@temple.edu 1 tiara@berkeley.edu 1 rania.khalil@bue.edu.eg 1 jrlupton@uci.edu 1 irb@temple.edu 1 hc331@cam.ac.uk 1 dlc112@georgetown.edu 1 orlando.harris@ucsf.edu 1 nnorme01@temple.edu 1 jane.jacobs@ed.ac.uk Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 man given boots 7 hop is post 6 people do n’t 5 americans were able 5 law did not 5 narrative does not 5 people are not 5 people come in 5 people do not 4 americans were not 4 identity does not 4 law does not 4 law is not 4 narrative is not 4 people were not 4 rights were not 3 _ be audio 3 americans are not 3 americans are still 3 culture does not 3 families were able 3 hop does not 3 hop is more 3 law was unconstitutional 3 laws did not 3 life is worth 3 man does not 3 men are not 3 narratives are not 3 narratives are often 3 people are n’t 3 people are so 3 race is not 3 slaves were not 3 women do not 3 women take on 2 _ written interview 2 americans are less 2 americans are often 2 americans have not 2 americans made up 2 americans was not 2 americans were inferior 2 americans were often 2 americans were still 2 children is simply 2 children were citizens 2 community is often 2 culture are often 2 culture includes rap Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 law is not simply 2 narratives are not just 2 race is no longer 1 american had no rights 1 americans are not available 1 americans had no federal 1 americans were not satisfied 1 community do not often 1 culture does not only 1 culture have not yet 1 culture is not binary 1 cultures are not monolithic 1 families did not significantly 1 family do not always 1 family does not really 1 family is not homeless 1 hop is no different 1 identities does not then 1 identity comes not only 1 identity did not unduly 1 identity does not necessarily 1 identity is not pre- 1 identity was not as 1 identity was not visible 1 law is not objective 1 law makes no distinction 1 laws are not only 1 laws is not perfect 1 life are not real 1 lives had no effect 1 man was not new 1 men are not financially 1 men had no safeguards 1 men have no rights 1 men were not citizens 1 narrative is not just 1 narrative is not only 1 narrative is not truly 1 narratives do not always 1 narratives were not always 1 people are not always 1 people are not even 1 people are not just 1 people are not really 1 people have no desire 1 people were not as 1 race was not fit 1 rights are not mutually 1 rights were not necessary 1 slave had no power Sizes of items; "Measures in words, how big is each item?" ---------------------------------------------------------- 194783 work_jzgdabmi2rhwrpxc7s55syow3y 99532 work_nm72optehfhx7ag6rbg4hvmdpa 96203 work_3iszshxxlvaotmsrkkqncxyz4e 91490 work_4bms7zdk65bnlk4yxok6eztqra 91484 work_vtojylarszettfobfbnjh6pupy 91237 work_ltns2hjnujbhtmb7l2g4yqkoke 88591 work_bspgkt332fdvndldd64npwvjhy 80854 work_bt47vpaq7zbo5f5mkjknm3a27u 79767 work_k53rtlrrube4bhuxdrhrn7jwpm 77673 work_rc3u3u7ejbgfvncxsqhfkepsdy 73160 work_jp2kz5jm6feejbh5zhrkgtw52i 66038 work_aagv7yrtqfavrmehx2ljq3jggy 58612 work_j7i4vgp66fbolna4k5x4rl34ae 46592 work_v5ewal5se5gsdi5pyly33d2oju 36383 work_3vaxlge6vnfb3jxxep23ebw2nm 36201 work_svu2af4mwvgb7ie4bb5kdfc4ai 15258 work_5axvba3g45chdjssce55t6sgau 13109 work_tzd4pbg7ezcldk5fg5kkmaqpbe 11828 work_rlvackkh7fdttedwqr5rb24luq 11628 work_nhqcobfsk5gt5iqn5uc4jqnium 11496 work_m6ushsnxbngwjku3kocmox3x3q 10114 work_xg27wsbozbbyphwodkik7sg6be 10063 work_buzgr7awifh47cz6uxtnqploui 7593 work_5d5yfvb73fg4jgwa6kpza7oggy 4850 work_5u2vevjrfbd6zjqvg67mxonwk4 Readability of items; "How difficult is each item to read?" ----------------------------------------------------------- 79.0 work_svu2af4mwvgb7ie4bb5kdfc4ai 76.0 work_jzgdabmi2rhwrpxc7s55syow3y 73.0 work_3vaxlge6vnfb3jxxep23ebw2nm 72.0 work_nhqcobfsk5gt5iqn5uc4jqnium 69.0 work_ltns2hjnujbhtmb7l2g4yqkoke 67.0 work_bspgkt332fdvndldd64npwvjhy 66.0 work_v5ewal5se5gsdi5pyly33d2oju 65.0 work_bt47vpaq7zbo5f5mkjknm3a27u 64.0 work_3iszshxxlvaotmsrkkqncxyz4e 63.0 work_k53rtlrrube4bhuxdrhrn7jwpm 62.0 work_j7i4vgp66fbolna4k5x4rl34ae 62.0 work_buzgr7awifh47cz6uxtnqploui 62.0 work_xg27wsbozbbyphwodkik7sg6be 61.0 work_5axvba3g45chdjssce55t6sgau 61.0 work_5d5yfvb73fg4jgwa6kpza7oggy 60.0 work_rc3u3u7ejbgfvncxsqhfkepsdy 59.0 work_nm72optehfhx7ag6rbg4hvmdpa 59.0 work_m6ushsnxbngwjku3kocmox3x3q 57.0 work_4bms7zdk65bnlk4yxok6eztqra 57.0 work_jp2kz5jm6feejbh5zhrkgtw52i 53.0 work_vtojylarszettfobfbnjh6pupy 51.0 work_rlvackkh7fdttedwqr5rb24luq 50.0 work_5u2vevjrfbd6zjqvg67mxonwk4 49.0 work_tzd4pbg7ezcldk5fg5kkmaqpbe 47.0 work_aagv7yrtqfavrmehx2ljq3jggy Item summaries; "In a narrative form, how can each item be abstracted?" ----------------------------------------------------------------------- work_3iszshxxlvaotmsrkkqncxyz4e abroad on female African American university students'' identities: to understand the evolution of Black women''s self-concept from studying abroad. educational research examines the experiences of five African American students who histories and African American psychology, I seek to understand how their time abroad to Black female university students who engage in study abroad. my research aims of better fostering Black student support during study abroad, these research goals of understanding the effects of study abroad on African American study abroad experience enhances these skills as students navigated different cultures. Non-Hispanic White and Black Student Participation in Study Abroad from AY 2000-01 to AY Non-Hispanic White and Black Student Participation in Study Abroad from AY 2000-01 to AY American women''s self-concept, it is important to define the different identity contexts participants'' self concept in relation to their study abroad experience, with interviews and study abroad on a group of Black American university women. work_3vaxlge6vnfb3jxxep23ebw2nm James Pennington''s Struggle for "Sacred Human Rights" Against Slavery he mounted pulpits, lecterns, and soapboxes on both sides of the Atlantic, pleading for the rights and liberties of all—especially for African Americans, slave and free.14 W.C. PENNINGTON, PASTOR OF A PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, NEW YORK, FORMERLY A SLAVE IN Convinced that liberation of body, mind, and soul were interdependent, Pennington resolved to prepare himself for the vocation of minister and educator, and from that platform to join churches, schools, families, and abolitionist societies alike to fight for the emancipation, Pennington further followed Protestant convention in seeing liberty of conscience as the wellspring of "individual rights under the government of God."94 Like the duties that flowed from conscience, these that God is the author of American slavery?" Pennington demanded. church in the United States, nor in the world."); James W.C. Pennington, God Is No Respecter of Persons, LIBERATOR, Aug. 5, 1842, available at BAP, Doc. No. work_4bms7zdk65bnlk4yxok6eztqra about technological discourse, progress, historically Black colleges and universities, discourse of race and technology in the African-American experience, particularly at discourse of race and technology in the African-American experience, particularly at of African Americans, technology, and educational space, specifically as it relates to public support for higher education for African Americans, which led to important social higher education systems to provide a land-grant institution for black students whenever a of African Americans, technology, and educational space that are specifically relevant to education in HBCUs as a social necessity carried out in various early Black institutions, African-American discourse communities that are actively engaging issues of technology Modernity, Technology and African American Culture between the World Wars, Joel Black Architects, Slave Quilts and an African American Rhetoric of Design," Banks uses African-American educational institutions like HBCUs. It has been a never-ending story "The Importance of Technology to Black People." African Congress: A work_5axvba3g45chdjssce55t6sgau comparison of global poverty with genocide and crimes against humanity is a crime against humanity that has developed in international law since the end of between Pogge''s thesis on global poverty and the crimes of enslavement and Pogge''s comparison between global poverty and crimes against humanity is derived from his thesis that global poverty is a violation of human rights. Consequently, Pogge claims that freedom from poverty is a recognised human deny people secure access to their basic human rights (Pogge 2010a, 28-30). 1.2: Global Poverty as a Human Rights Violation As global poverty produces a human rights deficit that costs the lives of 18 crime against humanity do not exclude the causes of global poverty, as they are that global poverty is a crime against humanity, but it does show that the claim is global poverty is comparable to a crime against humanity if it has sufficient work_5d5yfvb73fg4jgwa6kpza7oggy the returned Irish migrant in Tom Murphy''s Conversations on a Homecoming Keywords: Asylum, Immigrants, Irish drama, Postcolonial theory, Refugees A review of the dramatic works about emigration in Irish theatre shows that there is a number of plays that the return to a transformed homeland have always been part of the Irish national experience. inward; this shift in the identity of the Irish nation is captured in plays such as O''Kelly''s The Ireland, while The Cambria an exceptional multifaceted play, celebrates the Irish citizenship of Third Space theory, compares the experiences of the returned Irish migrant in Tom Murphy''s refugees in making Ireland their home to the celebration of Irish residency in another O''Kelly''s dramatic work: The Cambria. like the ones written by Tom Murphy explore the cultural construction of the Irish identity the arrival of new immigrants to Ireland and their struggles remind the native Irish of the pain work_5u2vevjrfbd6zjqvg67mxonwk4 Adorned by Power: The Individualized Experience of the Mojo Bag Abstract: In America, no religion better exemplifies the power of the individual than Hoodoo. Keywords: Hoodoo; literature; American South; Frederick Douglass; Mojo Bags influences, primarily African Traditional and Diasporic in nature, practitioners of Hoodoo incorporated Hoodoo and argue that, similar to Douglass'' experience with Mr. Covey, the power of these symbols is almost universally associated with the African-American population in the American South, Hoodoo Bags are also representative of the individualized "crossroads" culture from which Hoodoo emerges. In Conjure in African American Society, Jeffrey Anderson states that Additionally, African-American communities across the United States "still tell of Hoodoo''s both empowering him and calming his master Mr. Covey, African-American Hoodoo practitioners Through the use of ritual objects such as Mojo Bags, slaves like Frederick that appeal to modern, African-American practitioners of Hoodoo. Mojo Workin: The Old African American Hoodoo System. work_aagv7yrtqfavrmehx2ljq3jggy to gauge the current economic reality of Philadelphia''s African American community. historical practices of institutional racism and its effect on African American economic literature that seeks to address African American economic development in Philadelphia relation to African American economic development in Philadelphia. understand liberalism and the movement for African American economic development in approach of the local civil rights movement in Philadelphia for African American The movement for African American economic development in Philadelphia, as As the movement for African American economic development shifted protest approach to African American economic development in Philadelphia. economic state of the African American community in Philadelphia and offer improve the economic condition of African American communities in Philadelphia. reflects the state of economic development in African American communities. The African American economic development movement in Philadelphia gives us Philadelphia''s local movement for African American economic development economic condition of Philadelphia''s African American community. work_bspgkt332fdvndldd64npwvjhy financial institutions continued to provide mortgage loans to African Americans in Philadelphia was also home to several African American owned banks, one of which was banks." By 1925, African Americans owned homes worth $20,000,000 in Philadelphia.23 study The Philadelphia Negro, surveyed the housing conditions of African Americans in Philadelphia Tribune frequently reported that white banks refused to make loans to African When savings banks did make mortgage loans to African Americans, the terms and provide mortgage loans for the purchase of homes by African Americans. Association sought to provide mortgage loans to African Americans for the purchase of smaller African American building and loan associations in Philadelphia but it was African American building and loan associations in Philadelphia as evidenced by the fact Number of Mortgage Originations by African American Building and Loan Number of Mortgage Originations by African American Building and Loan African American building and loan movement in Philadelphia. work_bt47vpaq7zbo5f5mkjknm3a27u the identity and position of holograms in relation to human communities Star Trek, the liberal humanist individual views humanity as capable of living Like the early depictions of aliens in Star Trek, non-organic life forms relation to agency and power.56 Culture creates the human condition in terms hologram in Star Trek and their relationship to culture – both that of humans Trek: Voyager, the Doctor seeks to emulate the "human condition" by Trek: Voyager, the Doctor seeks to emulate the "human condition" by a hologram, like Moriarty, is a simulated human entity that "doubts, Picard chooses to situate Moriarty as a simulated human and not a life form the human (Janeway) and the machine (the Doctor) and, as Katherine Hayles human eye, exposes as flawed Janeway''s vision of the Doctor as like a the Doctor and other holograms struggle to try to be "human" and yet cannot work_buzgr7awifh47cz6uxtnqploui Abstract: Vincent Lloyd''s 2016 book Black Natural Law presents four case histories in which African Reading Shakespeare with black natural law is not simply an audacious leap into our troubled Keywords: natural law; black theology; The Tempest; Richard Hooker; Thomas Aquinas; James Cone; humanity in opposition to the punitive actions of Prospero can be captured within a natural law into the Scriptural strain that stamps black natural law, whose writers took the idea of humanity the soul as imago dei participating in God through reason secures access to natural law, fallen human the humanism of Cicero, Aquinas and Hooker, but each sets natural law off on its path towards Black natural law amplifies the creaturely character of the imago dei by emphasizing the positive Caliban takes the creaturely condition that runs through premodern natural law theory and intensifies and placing Caliban in the black natural law tradition. work_j7i4vgp66fbolna4k5x4rl34ae the legal and social methods used in both the litigation and mediation of child custody in legal and social constructions of the meaning of woman, mother and child within the family This thesis will explore the social constructs of mother, woman, child and family. family mediation, as a form of child custody dispute resolution, is inappropriate in all but the in Feminist Analysis of Law, Family and State: Ideology and Discourse in Child Custody mediation of child custody disputes in their present practise help women and children. a "family" breaks up, the litigation and mediation of child custody disputes perpetuate the marginalization of women and children in the litigation and mediation of child custody women''s experiences in child custody litigation and court-affiliated mediation will be In her feminist critique of child custody mediation, Martha Bailey argues that the family patriarchal ideologies about women, mother, father, child and family. work_jp2kz5jm6feejbh5zhrkgtw52i Although Victorians, black and white, do not mention Caliban in colonial and racial The African, according to the narrative attached to this new racial type, former slaves in the British West Indies was deleterious to blacks, whites, the future of In framing black/white relations in such terms, Carlyle naturalized the racial black social and political negotiations in the British West Indies that many midcentury articulation of the colored subject''s cultural desires presses upon Seacole''s discursive members of Mary Seacole''s generation in the colored community in the British West In general, both whites and coloreds in the British West Indies were considered Creole. British West Indies, toward those who conflate the pure black people with the coloreds, popular notion of the West African climate as the natural enemy of white European wellbeing. by peoples of African descent in the British West Indies as a "self-made" man. Between Black and White: Race, Politics, and the Free Coloreds in work_jzgdabmi2rhwrpxc7s55syow3y feels an obligation to help improve the quality of life for Africans by providing AfricanCentered 12 alternative healthcare information and services offered by holistic health African herbal medicine and a natural whole foods diet and lifestyle."21 This dissertation Accordingly, contemporary African American holistic health practices in United States Semmes'' earlier research, which is subsumed in Racism, Health and PostIndustrial as the entitled chapter, "An Extended Look at Alternative African-American 89 John Henrik Clarke, African People in World History (Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press, 1993), 11. leading African holistic health practitioners and natural food advocates such as Llaila O. "Health and Black Survival, " based on the sign of the times for the African people in veganism, and raw and living foods, particularly with African people solely in mind. of African American interests in the alternative health and natural foods movement. people in America as well as their practices of holistic health in assisting the African work_k53rtlrrube4bhuxdrhrn7jwpm comments related to three homeless Black males whose stories went viral. dissertation suggested that news coverage of homeless individuals was less likely to A second theme associated with Black individuals in the news focuses on stories readership, create digital narratives for Black homeless men by the way their stories are digital narratives of three homeless Black men: Ted Williams, Jeffrey Hillman, and Billy 355 comments related to Ted Williams, the Black homeless man with the "golden voice" related to homelessness and/or race; therefore, the audience is presented with a rags-toriches story that discounts the realities of Williams''s situation. 1020 comments related to Jeffrey Hillman, the Black homeless man who was given a commented on as individuals suddenly began to focus on Hillman and homeless people 389 comments related to Billy Ray Harris, the black homeless man who returned a homelessness as an individual problem, these stories present White people as kind and work_ltns2hjnujbhtmb7l2g4yqkoke Rastafari''s recovery of the Hebrew Bible from colonial powers and Rastas'' adoption of Samson and Moses, Rastas adopt them as co-practitioners and paradigms of Rastafari Bible in shaping Rastafari practice and, in particular, Rastas engagement with biblical practitioners embrace Samson as a symbol of black strength, Rasta purity and election by When read correctly, however, the Bible offers guidance, confirmation of selfworth, and a life path for Rastas that is befitting their station as Jah''s chosen people. scholars of Rastafari also note that Rastas read Psalm 119:83 as proof of Jah''s skin Rasta reading strategies prove Jah''s blackness and that all African people share an investigates the value Rastas assign to Moses'' livity, his words, experiences of Jah, and According to Rasta readers, Moses was a black man. Rasta readers find intrinsic to his biblical narrative that Moses spoke on behalf of Jah, a work_m6ushsnxbngwjku3kocmox3x3q KEY WORDS: Alcohol policy, social movements, drugs, racial The present study analyzed how activists interpreted the origins of mobilization around alcohol policy issues within their and advocates who had worked with community groups on alcohol policy issues and were familiar with key activists, and by Issues: High concentration of alcohol outlets and associated problems (e.g., loitering and deterioration); drug dealing entrenched in the community issues were concerns about alcohol outlets, crime, drugs, public informant from Milwaukee said people were prompted to mobilize when they realized the number of alcohol outlets was harmful to youth. Antonio, an informant described a particularly violent and disturbing incident related to alcohol use that prompted people to Informants discussed the role of public drinking and community alcohol-related problems in mobilizing communities to Informants in the study contrasted the alcohol-related problems in inner cities with those in the suburbs, and their relative role as reasons to mobilize. work_nhqcobfsk5gt5iqn5uc4jqnium roots into an industry of racially charged entertainment.1 Foster''s first minstrel songs, in contrast with however, many of his minstrel songs contain glimmers of a changing perception of slave life. "Stephen Foster''s Debt to American Folk-Song." Musical Quarterly 22/2 (1936): 154-169. Although this song is consistent with minstrel treatment of slave subjects, an additional verse that early song Foster considers a verse that departs from the contemporaneous minstrel tradition. Like "Lou''siana Belle," "Old Uncle Ned" includes an ascent to the scale-degree 5 primary tone 32 All examples taken from a facsimile of the first edition in either: Stephen Foster Song Book (New York: Dover Foster''s changed conception of the minstrel song and the African Americans therein represented. Dog Tray" (1853) is Foster''s only minstrel song with no mention of the slaves or the south (Examples "Old Black Joe" (1860) is Foster''s last true minstrel song and represents the ultimate distillation work_nm72optehfhx7ag6rbg4hvmdpa icons and their influence on hip-hop aesthetics, seeks to: 1) identify African American and developments in 1980s American popular culture influenced hip hop aesthetics, organic historical and cultural context by linking various twentieth century AfricanAmerican popular and folk icons, archetypes, and mass movements to hip-hop aesthetics. Aesthetically, hip-hop builds upon earlier blues, popular and folk African-American Aesthetically, hip-hop builds upon earlier blues, popular and folk African-American links hip hop aesthetics to its African American musical roots. Hip hop culture has created a new frame of reference for African American and European music and popular culture in the pre-hip hop era and link them to the emergence of hiphop aesthetics, focusing on specific movements, icons, epochs, and ideologies. American popular culture and their impact on hip-hop aesthetics. Hip hop narratives engage American popular culture iconography through its I begin my discussion of hip hop aesthetics with American popular culture and work_rc3u3u7ejbgfvncxsqhfkepsdy 7 The term "black" is used here because in films like Shaft in Africa for example, there are other members of the cast who Additionally, these films reach a wider audience outside the US, who identify as black and are not African American. Widely publicised by the works and actions of Garvey and Du Bois, PanAfricanism was seen as a way in which African Americans and indeed black people aspect of an African American character, or in setting these black identities apart from each black consciousness projects in the context of African American cultural identity formations, presentation in the films, and thus to point to a wider agenda (like Pan-Africanism, Black Rights, Black Power and Afrocentrism influenced cultural trends as expressed through popculture mediums like film will be an important feature of this study. African American films and their black consciousness messages, it should be noted that this work_rlvackkh7fdttedwqr5rb24luq Wrestling with the Left: The Making of Ralph Ellison''s Invisible Man novel that nonetheless itself was for a long-time a complexly Marxist, and procommunist, book, before being wrestled down into the cold war anticommunist literary radical left milieu.3 And yet the text does not stray far from its focus on Ellison''s itself, Foley''s short fiction readings shed further red light on Ellison''s later novel writing. Foley also explores Ellison''s evolving criticisms of the US communist left. the same time, Foley shows how Ellison, in his early writings, grasped the dialectical black nationalism to class struggle for instance, or the relationship of domestic antiracism to international anti-fascism, the relationship of culture to politics, and of history codes of the early Ellison were radically different from those found in Invisible Man, but the paradigm" Ellison took up from Marxist and communist literary and political of Ellison''s novel, as reframed by Foley, is that, displaced into such a mutilated cold war work_svu2af4mwvgb7ie4bb5kdfc4ai principle of the Common Law.5 At its most abstract, the AngloAmerican rule held that courts must presume in favor of liberty,6 and suppletive Rule of Liberty assumed that slavery was a natural right. (Md. 1849) (holding that the power to free slaves was not an existing right. intermediate state between slavery and absolute freedom, recognized by our courts, positive law.100 Once a slave resided in a free state by the master''s law of this state which can bring into operation the right of slavery when once short of positive law, can free a slave or give him rights. laws of this State, and the right to hold slaves under our municipal regulations is case, to grant a new trial at law, for the purpose of taking away a right to freedom . case, to grant a new trial at law, for the purpose of taking away a right to freedom . work_tzd4pbg7ezcldk5fg5kkmaqpbe in defining race during the early national and antebellum periods, and Laughing Fit to Kill examines black humor''s critique of racial stereotypes in the late In Laughing Fit to Kill, Glenda Carpio documents the practices and purposes of African American cultural humor by tracing its long tradition from These two new studies contribute to this project, analyzing ways in which women authors and their characters navigate gendered The formative role of women of color in the production of literature and culture in the early twentieth century is the subject of two smart new studies. and Native Speakers are engaging and satisfying interventions in our understanding of early-twentieth-century American literature and culture. 1926 novel Mosquitoes, arguing that this neglected work provides an important means of understanding Faulkner himself as a reader of global literature. works to form a rich and valuable cultural history. The Art of Twentieth-Century American Poetry: Modernism and After. work_v5ewal5se5gsdi5pyly33d2oju American Citizens, British Subjects and the Struggle for AfricanAmerican Citizenship This thesis examines early American citizenship in postRevolutionary America all the way to the passing of the Reconstruction Amendments. naturalisation laws, but failed to discuss the relationship between state citizenship and national state and national citizenship and the vote had shown that not all citizens naturalised by the "privileges and immunities" were left to the states to define, a concept of American citizenship the Dred Scott case would opine that some states had allowed free blacks citizenship at the ''[as] citizens, the constitution of the United States secures them the right of residing in appearance of white citizens holding political rights allowed people against African-American States could give free blacks civil rights but they could not make citizens constitute the sum of the duties and rights of a "natural-born citizen of the United States"''.135 work_vtojylarszettfobfbnjh6pupy emergence of multicultural policy agendas in Northern Ireland since the Agreement. Northern Ireland, where Irish Republicanism is closely linked with sectarian politics and The emergence of anti-racist discourses and practices in contemporary Northern Ireland of cultural diversity in contemporary Northern Ireland such as anti-racism and the sectarianism on responses to racism in Northern Ireland is addressed in my research. Despite extensive research on sectarianism in Northern Ireland and multiculturalism in my research on sectarianism and emergent multicultural agendas in Northern Ireland. issues of cultural diversity, multiculturalism and racism in Northern Ireland. future, multicultural Northern Ireland in anti-racist visual culture. Managing Sectarianism: Community Relations in Northern Ireland Managing Sectarianism: Community Relations in Northern Ireland post-Agreement social policy constructs Northern Ireland as a ''normal'' society Northern Ireland beyond sectarian division by constructing it as a diverse, multicultural sectarianism in Northern Ireland and multiculturalism in complexly diverse societies. multicultural agendas and sectarianism in post-Agreement Northern Ireland. work_xg27wsbozbbyphwodkik7sg6be Keywords Men who have sex with men · Jamaica · Sexual assault · Childhood sexual abuse · HIV · Sexual orientation The island of Jamaica has one of the highest rates of HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Caribbean (Figueroa et al., 2015; Hutton-Rose, Blythe, Ogbonna, at high risk for HIV infection underground, making the provision of prevention, treatment, and social support services difficult to access for many Jamaican MSM (Logie et al., 2016a, little is known about the impact of these forms of sexual violence among MSM survivors in Jamaica (Harris, 2014; Reid, qualitative study is the first step in describing young Jamaican MSM experiences with CSA and sexual assault. and challenges of young Jamaican MSM who have experienced CSA and sexual assault and pave the way for effective assault originates from a broader study on the social and cultural determinants of HIV risk for young Jamaican MSM Two participants reported being survivors of sexual assault.