A57539 4 IV A~ w o 'A 3 r d by ~( P REFAC E. IN issuing a new Pharmacopoeia the British Homoeopathic Society have endeavoured to supply a want which has long been felt in consequence of the number of new remedies that have been proved within the last twenty years. In 1834, Dr. Quin, the President of this Society, edited The Pharmacopoeia Homceopathica, in Latin, in the preface to which the following authorities are referred to: viz. Hahnemann's Reine Arzneimittelehre and Kronischen Krankheiten, published at various times between 1811 and 1832; Stapf's Archiv fir die Homoeopathische Heilkunst; Hartlaub and Trinks' Annalen der Homoeopathischen Klinik; and the Homoeopathisches Dispensatorium fir Aerzte und Apotheker, published by Gaspari in 1825, of which Hartmann published a Latin edition in 1827, a German ditto in 1829, and a fourth, entitled Homcwopathische Pharmacopoe fiir Aerzte und Apotheker in 1832; Belluomini's translation of Caspari's work into Italian in C-~ r~ ~YL~;~~ iv PREFACE. 1829, and La Raja's Elementi di Farmacopea Omiopatica, estratti dalla Materia Medica di Hahnemann, published in the same year at Naples. Since Dr. Quin's Latin edition of the Pharmacopoeia the following works have chiefly regulated the operations of homoeopathic chemists, viz. Jahr's Pharmacopoeia and Posology, which appeared in Germany, and was translated into English by Kitchen and published in Philadelphia in 1842; Buchner's Pharmacopoeia to which Jahr refers; Gruner's Hoindopathische Pharmacopde, compiled and published in 1845; Dr. G. Schmid's work on Pharmacy and Posology, which appeared in 1846; an English Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia and Posology, "compiled from the works of Buchner, Gruner, and Jahr, with original contributions by Chas. J. Hempel, M.D.," by Messrs. Leath and Ross in 1850; Buchner's second and enlarged edition of his Homlopathische ArzneiBereitungslehre, in 1852; and an "authorised English edition" of Carl Ernst Gruner's Homteopathic Pharmacopceia, published in Leipsic, London, and New York, in 1855; since which no work has appeared that has become a standard among the homoeopathic chemists. In collecting the materials for the following ivork, the Committee appointed by the British H-omoeopathic Society, at their annual meeting in June, 1867, set before themselves the following objects: 1. The identification of all the substances used as homoeopathic medicines, concerning which any doubt existed. PREFACE. V 2. The revision of the various pharmaceutical processes. 3. The supplying of good practical tests, whereby the identity and the purity of each medicine could be ascertained. In carrying these various objects into effect they have made use of all the sources of information within their reach, and as regards not a few of them they have instituted direct experiments. In identifying the plants used as medicines various methods have been followed. For. example, in those instances where the medicine is officinal in the " BRITISH PHARMACOPOIA OF 1867" (published under the direction of the General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom, pursuant to the Medical Act, 1858) the Committee have accepted the conclusions arrived at by the compilers of that work, knowing that every endeavour has been made by them to render their work perfect. As regards substances peculiar to Homoeopathy, they have been guided by such information as could be obtained from the existing works on Homeopathic Pharmacy, and from botanical works, as well as from notices in the periodical literature of our school. It has often happened that botanical authority has decided on the identity of two or more plants known under different names, and in these cases the source of the officinal preparation has been decided upon other grounds. For example, Pulsatilla nigricans, Pulsatilla Nuttaliana, and Anemone vi PREFACE. pratensis, appear to be three forms of one and the same plant, of which the first is common in Germany, the second in America, and the third in England. Again, as regards Bryonia alba and Bryonia dioica, since it is known that for twenty-five years many English Homoeopaths have used chiefly the B. dioica (at any rate, all who have employed low attenuations), and found it answer to the medical characters given to the B. alba, it has been thought expedient to record both as ojficinal. It is strongly recommended, however, that in every instance where it is possible the exact variety (in fact, best of all, the identical preparation) used in the provings should be employed for making the higher attenuations. This suggestion is made because it is quite possible that the same natural causes which have modified the physical characters of the plant, and produced the variety, may have equally modified its pathogenetic effects, at least as regards its most refined symptoms. In revising the pharmaceutical processes the Committee have been greatly assisted by some of the leadifig homomopathic chemists, who have undertaken numerous experiments on -their behalf. In supplying tests for identifying, and ascertaining the purity of, various substances, the Committee have largely availed themselves of the BRITISH PHARMACOPOEIA OF 1867. It seemed to be a work of supererogation to go over again the ground which had already been worked so well, and at so much cost of time and labour. PREFACE. vii Many of the chemical substances used in Homoeopathy are employed also by the old school, and since the majority of these are best prepared on a large scale, it has been recommended that they should be obtained from the manufacturing chemists, while, at the same time, it is urged that in every instance their purity shall be determined by direct experiment, before any of them are used for making our preparations. Throughout this work the weights and measures are those that have been adopted by the BRITISHi PHARMACOPCEIA, and the system of volumetric analysis, which is often referred to, is that for which full details are published at the close of the same work, pages 392-400. The object of this work is to instruct Homoeopathic Chemists in all the processes peculiar to Homoeopathic Pharmacy, but no attempt is made to teach them the entire art of pharmacy. No one should pretend to make homoeopathic medicines who is not thoroughly versed in the art of pharmacy, and has not had large practical experience in the selecting of drugs, and in making all the ordinary preparations employed by chemists. Again, no attempt has been made to teach Botany and Natural History; it has been deemed sufficient in reference to each article belonging to the vegetable and animal kingdoms to give the name, the natural order, and then the description of the exact species in sufficient detail for its viii PREFACE. identification; consequently a good practical knowledge of botany and natural history is essential. Since there are various systems of classification in use, it is necessary to mention that all vegetable substances are referred to the Natural Orders adopted by Dr. J. H. Balfour, Professor of Botany in the Edinburgh University, and described by him in his " Outlines." The animal substances have been referred to the classes and orders as given in the " Compendium of Generic Distinctions," published in The Illustrated Natural History by Rev. G. Wood, and which he states to be that used by Owen, Gray, &c. Finally, no attempt has been made to teach Chemistry, it being taken for granted that all who call themselves homcopathic chemists already possess a good practical knowledge of that science. For the purpose of avoiding confusion, the old and best-known names have been retained in the case of all chemical compounds, but, in addition, the present name of each, and its notation according to the new system, has been given on the authority of Miller's Elements of Chemistry, fourth edition. It has been urged that the names used by Hahnemann should be laid aside, and others adopted in accordance with the designations common in this country. The denomination of all compounds, however, is at present undergoing such repeated changes that no alteration made could be final, and hence the compromise has been adopted of retaining the old and referring to the present name in each case. PREFACE. ix With these prefatory remarks, the British Homoeopathic Society commend their new Pharmacopoeia in the sincere hope that by its universal adoption the difficulties arising from vague and varying preparations may be overcome. For, and in the name of, the British Homoeopathic Society, FREDERIC F. QUIN, M.D., President of the Society. HENRY R. MADDEN, M.D., Convenor of the Pharmacopceia Committee. London, 1870. INTROD U CTION. IN addition to a good practical- knowledge of botany, natural history, chemistry, and pharmacy, the homoeopathic chemist must bring to his work thorough honesty of purpose and painstaking accuracy of detail. Without these, he can never succeed in preparing the medicines in a manner to satisfy the homoeopathic practitioner, but with these qualifications he will find in the following pages all that he requires. It is a fundamental rule in homoeopathic practice to employ no medicine which has not been first proved, by ascertaining its effects when given to healthy persons. This is a necessity of the law of similars, which requires that all diseases shall be treated by medicines that have been shown to be capable of producing on the healthy body symptoms in all essentials similar to those present in the sick person. In all Hahnemann's researches, as well as in the provings which have been subsequently made, simple substances only, with very few exceptions, have been used; xii INTRODUCTION. it follows therefore that homoeopathic pharmacy employs few compounds. Hahnemann's experiments having shown that many insoluble and inert substances become active medicinal agents after they are reduced to an impalpable powder and diffused equally through a large quantity of some nonmedicinal substance, a class of preparations, unrecognised in ordinary pharmacy, has been introduced under the name of triturations. It is not the object of this work to discuss any theoretical questions, and hence no opinion will be expressed on the much-disputed point of dynamization or the development of power by means of rubbing or succussion. It is essential, however, to refer to the facts of the case, which may be briefly stated as above, and it is important to notice both the results of the process of trituration, viz. the reducing of the material to an extremely fine powder, and also the separation of these very fine particles from one another by a careful admixture with some inert substances. Mere grinding, so as to secure the utmost attainable reduction of size of the particles on the one hand, or the most careful mixture of the substance with some inert material, so as to isolate each particle, on the other, will not serve our purpose. In all Hahnemann's experiments both these conditions were secured, and consequently in repeating his experiments both must engage our attention. The medicinal efficacy of these triturations led the way to the use of very much diluted tinctures, and, INTRODUCTION. Xiii was followed in course of time by the systematic dilution of all medicines according to a fixed scale. These diluted preparations have been called indiscriminately Dilutions, Attenuations, and Potencies, but sin ce the latter term involves a theory it will not be employed in the following pages. Attenuation, being on the whole the preferable name, will be invariably used to denote every preparation which contains less of the crude material than the strongest officinal' preparation. CONTENTS. PAGES PREFACE... iii INTRODUCTION.... xi PART FIRST.- GENERAL RULES.. 1-36 PART SECOND.-DESCRIPTION OF THE MEDICINES AND THEIR PREPARATIONS... 37-255 PART THIRD.-EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS.. 256-263 TABLE OF boSES, DURATION OF ACTION, AND ANTIDOTES....265-281 APPENDIX.-PART FIRST... 285-307 PART SECOND... 308-313 LIST OF AUTHORITIES.... 314-316 GENERAL INDEX....317-336 BRITISH HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. PART I. GENERAL RULES. There are only three forms of preparation recognised in homeopathic pharmacy: 1. Solution in water, in alcohol, or very rarely in ether. 2. 'Trituration with sugar of milk. 3. Attenuations. It will be necessary to preface the descriptions of these operations by an account of the menstrua employed in carrying them out. WATER. Nothing but the purest distilled water must ever be used in the preparation of any of the medicines. The ordinary distilled water sold by wholesale druggists is quite inadmissible, from the fact of its being almost always distilled in metal stills, and hence it cannot be sufficiently pure for our purpose. 1 2 2 HO~JCE OPATHIC PH ARiTMACOPREIA. All the water used by homoeopathic chemists must be distilled in an apparatus made entirely of glass or porcelain. The apparatus should never be much more than half filled with water, and the distillation should be carried on at a gentle heat, so as to guard against any of the water boiling over. Whatever quantity is distilled, the first 20th part should be rejected, and only 161 parts should be carried over. For example, in distilling 10 pints, the first 10 fluid ounces would be thrown away, and the next 8 pints would be preserved, after which the process would be stopped. Tests.-It possesses neither colour, taste nor smell. Evaporated in a clean glass capsule, it leaves no visible residue. It is not affected by Hydrosulphuric Acid, Ammonic Oxalate, Argentic Nitrate, Baric Chloride, or solution of Lime. ALCOHOL. This is the most important of all the menstrua employed by the hoimoopathic chemist, and too great care cannot be exercised to ensure its purity. It should be purchased in the form of Rectified Spirit from a respectable distiller, and should then be tested as directed in the British Pharmacopoeia. Characters and Tests.--Colourless, transparent, very mobile and inflammable, of a peculiar pleasant odour, and a strong spirituous burning taste. Burns with a blue flame without smoke. Specific gravity 0 838. Remains clear when diluted with distilled water. Odour and taste purely alcoholic. Four fluid ounces with 30 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Nitrate of Silver exposed for twenty-four hours to bright light, and then decanted from the black powder which has formed, undergoes no further change when again exposed to light with more of the test. HOM(EOPATH [C PHARMACOPCEIA. 3 Having thus ascertained that it is of average purity, it should be mixed with recently burned charcoal in coarse powder, using a bulk of charcoal equal to about one tenth of the bulk of spirit, and redistilled in a glass apparatus with all the precautions mentioned under " Distilled Water," and no alcohol which has not undergone this fresh distillation should be employed, especially in making the attenuations. The following strengths should always be kept on hand, and should be made by the chemist himself, using distilled water for the dilution, prepared as already described. 1. Dilute Alcohol.-This is made by mixing equal measures of rectified spirit and distilled water. The mixture should have a density of '935, and contains 42 per cent. of absolute alcohol. 2. Proof Spirit (of the British Pharmacopoeia).-This is made by mixing 5 measures of rectified spirit with 3 measures of distilled water. It should have a density of '920, and contains 49 per cent. of absolute alcohol. 3. Spirit of 20 O.P. (over proof).-This is made by mixing 6 measures of rectified spirit with 2 measures of distilled water. It should have a density of '888, and contains 63 per cent. of absolute alcohol. 4. Spirit of 40 O.P. (over proof).-This is made by mixing 7 measures of rectified spirit with 1 measure of distilled water. It should have a density of *865, and contains 73 per cent. of absolute alcohol. 5. Rectified Spirit.(= 60 over proof) has, as before stated, a density of -838, and contains 84 per cent. of absolute alcohol. 6. Absolute Alcohol, having a density of about '793, is required for a few of the preparations, and may be obtained from rectified spirit in the following manner:Take an ox-bladder, wash it carefully inside and out, 41 HOMI(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPTEIA. distend it with air and hang it up to dry. Then moisten it with distilled water, and paint over the inner surface with a solution of isinglass; redistend it, having tied a small glass tube in the neck, then cork the tube and let it dry. When dry, remove the cork and fill it seven eighths full of rectified spirit; replace the cork firmly and suspend the bladder in the dry warm air of a stove, where the temperature will remain pretty steady, at about 1000 Fahrenheit. After eight or ten days it will be found that the rectified spirit has lost a good deal of its water, and when it ceases to lose water it should be removed from the bladder and distilled with charcoal, as directed for rectified spirit. It will seldom happen that the density will reach -793; but, with care, 800 can be attained, and as this only represents 2 per cent. of water, it will be found strong enough for the purposes for which it is required. It is very necessary to preserve absolute alcohol in well-stoppered bottles tied down with bladder, since it attracts water from the air as greedily as Sulphuric Acid, and would therefore be rapidly spoilt by exposure. zETHER. This is required for very few of our preparations. It may be purchased from the manufacturing chemists, and examined as follows: Characters and Tests.-A colourless, very volatile and inflammable liquid, of a well-known and characteristic odour, boiling below 1050 Fahr. Specific gravity between '735 and 720, the latter representing perfectly pure ather. Mixed with an equal volume of water, shaken well, and allowed to stand, nine tenths will separate and float on the water untdissolved. Tt evaporates without residue. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 5 SUGAR OF MILK. This is a very important substance in homoeopathic pharmacy, and great care must be taken to ensure its purity. It has been selected for the purposes to which it is applied for two reasons-ist, because it is devoid of all medicinal action; and 2nd, because its crystalline particles are very haid, and hence are of great use in grinding down the particles of drugs submitted to the process of trituration. It is never found pure in commerce, and even that which is professedly prepared for homceopathic use is very seldom free from adulteration. Starch is very commonly found mixed with - it, and this will seriously interfere with its triturating power. The homoeopathic chemist should examine every sample when purchased before attempting to use it for triturations. The ordinary commercial article may be refined for our purpose as follows: Reduce it to a coarse powder, and dissolve it by boiling it in double its quantity of distilled water. While yet boiling hot, filter it through white blotting paper which is spread over a new filtering-cloth, into an earthen vessel of sufficient size, and which should contain as much rectified spirit as the water used for the solution of the sugar of milk. As soon as these two liquids come in contact with each other, the sugar of milk is precipitated in the shape of pointed crystals, which accumulate at the bottom or adhere to the sides of the vessel. After the filtering, and before setting the vessel aside for cooling, it is advisable to stir the liquid well with a clean stick, in order to secure a more perfect intermingling of the particles. The whole process should be carried on at the 6 HOMCEOPATHIO PHARAMACOPOINA. lowest possible temperature which facilitates the precipitation of the sugar of milk. After the lapse of a few days, the liquid which floats over the sugar of milk is poured off* slowly, and the sugar, having been detached from the sides and bottom of the vessel, is washed once or twice with distilled water, after which it is spread in thin layers on clean paper over sieves, and carefully dried. It is then pulverised as finely as possible in a perfectly clean mortar. As a matter of course, the sieve which is used for the sugar of milk should be a very fine one, and not be used for other purposes. The sugar should be kept in a dry cool place, in wellclosed glass jars. Having given an account of the menstrua employed in the preparation of homoeopathic drugs, it is necessary in the next place to lay down a few general rules for the selection of the remedies themselves. Homceopathymakes use of all materials which are capable of modifying the health of living creatures, and hence collects its remedies from all the three kingdoms of nature. The following are considered the acknowledged methods of securing the best and most reliable preparations: 1. As far as possible, collect all vegetable and animal products fresh. 2. Where they are the produce of foreign countries and can be only had as imported, obtain them from trustworthy druggists, but always in the state in which they were imported-never in the form of powder. (This precaution is necessary since druggists never hesitate to use the same mill for grinding different medi* The alcohol which is contained in this liquid can be redistilled, and is as good as before, though weaker. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 7 cines, a laxity which would be unpardonable in a homoeopathic chemist.) 3. As regards plants, the time for collecting these must be regulated by the part which is officinal. Vegetable physiology must be here the guide, since it will enable us to predicate the exact time when the part will display most fully its characteristic properties. A few exceptions may exist to the following conclusions, but, as a general rule, it will be found thatWhen the whole plant is used, it should be gathered when it is partly in flower and partly in seed. When the leaves are used, they should be collected just before or during the early part of the flowering time. This rule requires modification in the case of biennials, since the leaves which first appear in the spring of the second year are in this case the best, and should be collected as soon as the flowering stem begins to shoot When the flowers are used, they should be collected partly in bud and partly expanded. When the seeds and fruits are the officinal part, they should be collected when fully ripe, unless otherwise ordered. When the young shoots are ordered, they should be collected in spring, when the whole plant is in full vigour. When the bark is employed, it must be collected either in the early spring or the autumn, most frequently at the latter season. The same rule holds with respect to the root-bark. When the wood is the officinal part, it should be collected late in the autumn, in fact, after the fall of the leaf if the tree is deciduous. When the root. is the part employed, it may be collected either late in the autumn or early in spring, but never when the airial parts of the plant are in full activity. 8 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 4. After the fresh materials are collected they should be prepared as soon as possible, for the purpose of avoiding all deterioration. If gathered at some distance from home, the fresh plants should be packed carefully in a tin case (an ordinary botanical box) and kept as cool as possible. If, however, there will be no opportunity for preparing them for some time after their collection, they must be carefully dried by tying them in loose bundles and hanging them up- in the shade, protected from rain, &c., and as soon as they are dry they should be carefully packed in hermetically sealed tin cases. 5. The same rules, so far as they apply, must be followed in the collecting of animal substances. 6. All minerals and chemical compounds must be carefully tested before they are used. 7. From the time that the medicinal substances are obtained until they are converted into the regular pharmaceutical preparations they should be most carefully preserved from damp and dust, from contact with other medicinal materials, from strong odours of any kind, and from light. All should be preserved in glass or earthenware jars or bottles, and be well corked or stoppered. It will now be necessary to give in detail the directions for making the different preparations. I.-SOLUTIONS. (A). SOLUTIONS IN DISTILLED WATER. Several saline substances are directed to be dissolved in distilled water. In such cases 10 grains by weight of the salt must be dissolved in 100 minims by measure of the water, and no such preparation can be considered satis 10 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMIACOPCEIA. accomplished by varying the alcoholic strength to suit the nature of the ingredients in each plant; using a very dilute spirit where the ingredients are chiefly soluble in water, and a strong spirit where alcohol is the best solvent. Also, by using a sufficient quantity to ensure the complete exhaustion of the plant. 2. The uniform strength of tincture is advisable for many reasons, and especially in connection with the making of attenuations. Hitherto, the mother tinctures made from fresh plants have varied greatly in strength, not only among themselves, but the tincture of the same plant differs from time to time, according to whether the fresh plant chanced to be more or less juicy. As a consequence of this, the lower attenuations will vary equally in strength, since in every instance the same number of drops of mother tincture is added to a given quantity of spirit. To obtain this uniformity it is necessary to ascertain the quantity of moisture contained in the fresh plant, and to allow for this in making the tincture. In every instance the dry crude substance is taken as the starling point from whence to calculate the strength, and, with very few exceptions, the mother tinctures contain all the soluble matter of one grain of the dry plant in 10 minims of the tincture. 3. It will be noticed that a series of tables are given at the close of the tincture process, by means of which the pharmaceutist is to calculate the exact quantity and strength of spirit which he has to use in the case of each medicine. The necessity for these tables is owing to the water present in the fresh plant mixing with and diluting the spirit employed in making the tincture, so that the alcoholic strength of the tincture never corresponds with that of the spirit used in its preparation, a circumstance which interferes materially with the making of trustworthy HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 11 attenuations, since it is essential that the first attenuation of a mother tincture should be made with a spirit of precisely the same strength as that in the tincture itself. PROCESS OF MAKING TINCTURES OF VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. I.-BY PERCOLATION. This process should be used in all cases of dry plants, roots, seeds, &c., and in the case of such fresh plants, &c., as contain less than 60 per cent. of water. Preparing the Percolator.- Take a York Glass Company's percolator (see fig. 1), tie over the small end a piece of fine, well-washed book muslin. Place upon the muslin a layer of about a quarter of an inch of coarsely powdered green glass,* then a layer of finely powdered glass half an inch in depth, and lastly a thin layer of coarsely granulated glass. The percolator is now ready for receiving the drug. Preparing the Drug.-1. If dry, reduce 4 ounces by weight to a moderately fine powder, by bruising in a mortar. 2. If fresh, cut the plant in pieces, bruise it, and finally pass it through one of Kent'st sausage-machines, * Note.--The green glass should be prepared by pounding in a mortar well-washed and dried common green bottles; the powder should then be washed with distilled water, to get rid of the impalpable powder, and after being well dried it should be sorted into three sizes of coarse and fine powder, and granulated glass, by passing through sieves of different degrees of fineness. t This machine is recommended because it takes to pieces so easily, and admits of the most thorough cleaning. 1I2 HOMIOPATHIC PIARMACOP(E IA. i VI oil, Fig. 1.-Yo-Ric GLASS CoMrPANY's PEnco-taT*OR.* * This percolator has been decided on becanse it is one of the best the Committee are acquainted1 with. It is entirely made of glass, and is readily cleaned. The chief advantage, h owever, consists in its ingenious valves, by which the process of percolation can be stopped at aany time, and the sub HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 13 so as to reduce it to a fine and uniform pulp. Then weigh 100 grains of the pulp, and dry it carefully on a waterbath until it ceases to loose weight; re-weigh it, and ascertain how much it has lost in drying. If the loss does not exceed 60 per cent., proceed as follows:Packing the Material.-Insert the powder or the moist magma, as the case may be, little by little, spreading it evenly, and pressing it down gently with a broad cork fixed to a long glass rod, taking care to get a uniform and compact mass, not too tight, but free from fissures or empty spaces; this done, cover the surface with a thin layer of finely powdered green glass. Making the Tincture.--Having ascertained, by reference to the Pharmacopoeia, the strength of spirit required and the quantity, which in the case of dry substances will be 40 fluid ounces, but in the case of fresh plants, &c., must be ascertained by a reference to the tables which follow these directions-1. Take one fourth or one fifth of the entire quantity of spirit required, and resting the cork, with the glass rod attached, on the top of the pounded glass, pour the spirit in a gentle stream down the glass rod, so that it may fall on the cork and spread gradually over the surface, without disturbing the pounded glass. 2. Remove the glass rod, put in the-stopper, and in the case of dry substances close the valves at once. When working ivith fresh plants, however, leave the stance be left to macerate in the spirit as long as may be necessary. The valves are made by cutting a groove half way across the ground surfaces of the percolator and stopper respectively; it hence follows that, when the two grooves are in a straight line, the air can enter and percolation will go on; when, however, they are not opposite to each other, the two compartments will be completely stopped off and rendered air-tight. At a and b in the figure the grooves are shown in the closed position, while at c the valve is open. ]-I 14 HONIR TOPATHIC PHARMACOPhElIA. valves open until the following quantities of fluid, which will be chiefly juice, have passed through into the receiver. For example, if the moist magma has lost between 30 and 40 per cent. in drying, let 1P fluid ounce drop through; if between 40 and 50 per cent., 2 fluid ounces; if between 50 and GO per cent., 2- fluid ounces; then close the valves. 3. In all cases, after the valves are closed, let them remain so for twenty-four hours, and- then open them and allow the fluid to percolate into the receiver until no more drops through. 4. Then add another fourth or fifth part of the spirit in the same cautious way that the first was added, and close the valves at once, and let them remain closed for at least six hours, and then re-open the valves and proceed as before, repeating the process again and again, adding one fourth or one fifth part of the required quantity of spirit each time, until the whole quantity has been poured into the percolator. 5. When tlhe last quantity has ceased to drop through, remove the material from the percolator and press strongly. 6. Mix the various portions together, and let stand for twentyfour hours, and then filter. N.B.--The whole amount of tincture obtained after filtration will never be found to equal the quantity of spirit employed, as there is always some loss during the process of percolation. This loss must be submitted to, as no addition of spirit to the tincture can be made without reducing its proper strength. Modification of the process for percolation, to be adopted in the case of plants which have much mucilaginous juice, and hence will not allow the spirit to pass through readily. Reduce to a pulp, ascertain the per-centage of water, and weigh out 4 ounces of moist magma, as before, then HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 15 1. Previously to packing the moist magma in the percolator, prepared as before, put it into a press and extract as much juice as possible, which juice should be at once poured into the receiver of the percolator. 2. Remove the mass from the press, and pass it again - through the sausage-machine, and then carefully mix it with an equal bulk of pounded green glass. 3. Pack this mixture of magma and pounded glass in the percolator, and proceed as before. II.-BY EXPRESSION AND MACERATION. This process is preferable in the case of all fresh vegetable substances containing more than 60 per cent. of water. 1. Reduce to a pulp, ascertain the per-centage of xater, and weigh out 4 ounces of the moist magma, as before. 2. Put the moist magma into a press, and extract as much juice as possible. 3. Pour the juice into a stoppered bottle, and keep in a cool dark place until the rest of the process is completed. 4. Having ascertained, by reference to the Pharmacopeia, the strength of spirit directed for the plant operated on, and the quantity by reference to the tables, pass the squeezed magma a second time through the sausage-machine, and throw it loosely into a wide-mouthed stoppered bottle, and then pour onehalf or one third of the quantity of spirit over it, so as just to cover the magma; put in the stopper, and allow it to macerate twenty-four hours. 5. Decant off any spirit which will pour out from the magma, and mix it at once with the expressed juice, and repeat the process with another portion of the spirit, and again macerate twentyfour hours. 6. When all the spirit has been used, replace the magma in the press, and extract as much liquid as 16c 0IIO3RiEOPATHIO PHARMACOPZELA. poamible. 7. Mix the products together, let"them stand twenty-four hours, and filter. N.B.-In plants containing 80 or more per cent. of water, the quantity of spirit used will be too small to dlivide, and hence it must be all poured on the squeezed magmna at once-; and this should be allowed to maccrate two (lays. On the other hand, in the drier plants of this class the quantity of spirit required may be sufficiently large to allow of percolation through the squeezed magma, which.should in that case be packed in the percolator and treated as directed under process No. I. TABLE No. 1. Showing the amount of spirit required to make a tincture in which 10 minims will represent as nearly as possible 1 grain of the dry plant. M~oisture lost by the fresh magma in drying. 80 per cent. 35 40 45 50 60 65 70 70 so Measure of spirit to he used to every 4 oz. of moist magma. Fl. oz. Fl. dr..... 27 0... 24 4.. 22 4.20 4 18 0 15 6 13 4... 11 4 9 4 7 0 4. 6 2 6.....................................................- I.............. HONUEOPATHIC PHARAMACOP(E[A. 17 TABLE No. 2. Amount of Rectified Spirit required to make Alcohol of 40 O.P. with the water contained in 4 ounces of moist magma. Moisture lost in Rectifieds. Alcohol of 40 O.P. to drying. spirit reuired, be added up to Fl. oz. Fl. dr. Min. Fl. oz. Fl. dr. 30 per cent.......... 8 3 12......... 27 0 35,, 9 6 24..........24 4 40,,......11 1 36..........22 4., 45,,......... 12 4 48......... 20" - 50,,......... 14 0 0......... 18 0 55,,......... 15 3 12......... 15 6 No fresh plant containing more than 55 per cent. of water can yield a 1 in 10 tincture with alcohol of 40 O.P.; either a more dilute alcohol must be used, or a weaker tincture made. TABLE No. 3. Amount of Rectified Spirit required to make Alcohol of 20 O.P. with the water contained in 4 ounces of moist magma. Moisture lost in Rectified spirit required. Alcohol of 20 O.P. to drying, be added up to Fl. oz. Fl. dr. Min. Fl. oz. Fl. dr. 30 per cent.......... 3 4 48......... 27 0 35,,......... 4 1 36..........2.,,1 40,,......... 4 6 214.........22 4 45,,......... 5 3 12.........20 4, W 50,,.........o6 0 0........18 0.4 55,, 6 4P 48. 15 641 60,,......... 7 1 36......... 13 4.. 65,,......... 7 6 244......... 1 4 70,,........ 8 3 12.9 4 18 18HMEOPATHIO PHARMACOPcEIA. No fresh plant containing more than 70 per cent. of water can yield a 1 in 10 tincture with alcohol of 20 O.P.; either a more dilute alcohol must be used, or a weaker tincture made. TABLE No. 4. Amount of Rectified Spirit reqnired to make Proof Spirit with the water contained in 4 ounces of moist magma. Moisture lost in drying. 80 per cent. 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70,, 75 Rectified- spirit required. Fl. oz. 2 2 2 3 3.3.4.4.5 Fl. dr. Min. 0 0 2 40 5 20 0 0 2 40 5 20 0 0 2 40 5 20 0 0 Proof spirit to be added up to, Fl. oz. Fl.dr. 27 0 24 4 22 4 20 4 r 18 0 15 6 W 13 4 11 4 9 4 17 0 No fresh plant containing upwards of 75 per cent. of water can yield a 1 in 10 tinctnre with proof spirit; either a more dilute alcohol must be used, or a weaker tincture made. TABLE No. 5. Amount of Rectified Spirit required to make Dilute HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 19 Alcohol with the water contained in 4 ounces of moist magma. Moisture lost in drying. 30 per cent. 35, 40 45 50 55 60,, 65,, 70,, 75,, 80 Rectified spirit required. Fl. oz. Fl. dr. Min.......... 1 1 36............ 1 3 12............ 1 4 48............ 1 6 24......... 2 0 0............ 2 1 36............ 2 3 12............ 2 4 48............ 2 6 24...... 3 0 0............ 3 1 36... Dilute alcohol to be added up to Fl. oz. S27. 24 S22 20 18 S15 S13 S11 S9 S7 S4 Fl. dr. 0 4 4 4 r4 0 6 No fresh plant containing more than 80 per cent. of water can yield a 1 in 10 tincture with dilute alcohol; either a still more diluted alcohol must be used, or a weaker tincture made. As an example of the method of using the Tables, take the following case: Suppose a specimen of fresh Belladonna has been reduced to pulp, and the 100 grains have lost 56 grains in drying; then by reference to the Pharmacopoeia it will be seen that proof spirit is directed for this tincture. Now, on referring to Table No. 4 it will be found that 4 ounces of moist magma, containing 55 per cent. (the nearest to 56)* of water, require 3 fluid ounces, 5 fluid drachms, and 20 minims of rectified spirit to form proof spirit with the * N.B.-Five per cent. is the smallest amount of moisture which need be noticed practically when dealing with four ounces or upwards; hence, when the amount lost is between the per-centages stated, the figures should be taken which come nearest to the exact loss. 20 HOT(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. water contained in the 4 ounces of moist magma; hence that amount of rectified spirit must be first poured into a large glass, and as by reference to Table 1 it will be seen that 15 fluid ounces and 6 fluid drachms of spirit are required to make a tincture representing 10 per cent. of the dry material where the fresh plant contains 55 per cent. of water, this amount must be made up by adding proof spirit until the whole measures 15 fluid ounces and 6 fluid drachms. This mixed spirit will then be used as directed for making the tincture, and the result will be a tincture of the alcoholic strength of proof spirit;-and hence proof spirit should be used for making the first two decimal attenuations-and will represent 1 grain of dry Belladonna in every 10 minims of the tincture. The alcoholic solutions (tinctures) of animal substances are, with few exceptions, merely solutions in ten times the quantity by measure of spirit of the strength directed. A few, such as Cantharis, are prepared by percolation, and in that case they are treated in precisely the same way as vegetable substances. PROCESS FOR MAKING TRITURATIONS. This form of preparation was originally designed by Hahnemann, who also published minute directions as to how it should be performed. His method is still adhered to, and there is only one alteration which may with advantage be made, and that is in the proportion of sugar of milk to be used at each stage of the process. Hahnemann recommends 1 grain of the substance to be triturated with 99 grains of sugar of milk, and the process lasts one hour. It is, however, preferable to use the proportion of 1 grain of medicine to 9 of sugar of milk, and HOMIEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 21 in this way each decimal trituration will occupy forty minutes, or each centesimal-being equal to two decimal triturations-to the making of which Hahnemann allotted one hour, will now occupy one hour and twenty minutes. The object of this change is chiefly to ensure a more thorough preparation, it being found by the microscope that the addition of so large a proportion of sugar of milk at one time (33 grains to 1 grain of medicine) renders it more difficult to reduce the size of the particles of the medicine, especially if they are hard, and thus deteriorates the value of the trituration. Since Hahnemann avowedly invented his process for the purpose of reducing the drug to the finest possible powder, the modification proposed is merely carrying out his own ideas to a higher degree of perfection. The steps of the process are as follows:-Weigh any number of grains (not exceeding 100 grains) of the medicinal substance, and then weigh separately nine times as many grains of perfectly pure sugar of milk. Transfer half the quantity of the sugar of milk into a perfectly clean and dry Wedgwood mortar, then place the medicinal substance upon the milk sugar, and mix the two together with a horn or bone spatula. Using a pestle of the same material as the mortar, rub the mixture thoroughly and carefully during six minutes, taking care that it should be not only mixed thoroughly by the steady circular movement so well known to pharmaceutists in mixing powders, but also that the hard grinding motion, which is employed in incorporating pill-mass should be effectively used, so as to break up all large and hard particles. At the end of the six minutes scrape the pestle and mortar carefully with the spatula, so that nothing shall be left adhering to them, and stir the mixture again-a process which will usually occupy about four minutes. Again rub and stir 22 IHOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. the mixture with the pestle for six minutes as before, and again scrape all the particles off the mortar and pestle, and thus complete the first stage of the process. Now add the remainder of the sugar of milk, stir it well in with the triturated material, and proceed as before, viz. rubbing for six minutes, scraping and mixing for four minutes, again rubbing for six minutes, after which the trituration may be viewed as complete, and having once more scraped the whole together, it should be transferred to a perfectly clean dry glass bottle carefully corked, and labelled P. As the reducing of the medicine to the finest possible powder is a most essential point in this method of preparation, a small portion of the trituration should be carefully examined under the microscope, and if the particles are found to be very unequal in size, the trituration should be continued for twenty minutes longer, and the preparation re-examined before it is finally set aside as complete. In consequence of the extreme difficulty with which pestles and mortars can be cleaned to the degree necessary for our refined processes, all careful homoeopathic chemists procure perfectly new ones for each substance, and then label them with the name of the medicine, and never use them for any other purpose, and even, notwithstanding this, it is necessary to be very careful in the thorough washing and cleansing of the apparatus, since a very small quantity of 1x trituration, for example, would injure the perfection of the 3rd centesimal. All insoluble substances are submitted to this process, and as it is carried on as far as the 3rd centesimal attenuation (6x),it follows that this thorough rubbing and mixing is continued until the medicine constitutes only the onemillionth part of the mixture. At this point experience has shown that even the most insoluble substances have HOM EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 23 become soluble both in water and alcohol; or, if not actually soluble, they are reduced to such minute particles that they are capable of permanent suspension through the fluid, so that it retains their medicinal virtues and answers all the purposes of a perfect solution. Several attempts have been made to invent machines for triturating the drugs, some of which are very ingenious, and to a certain extent effective. The best we are acquainted with in this country is that of Mr. Hewitt, but even this cannot compete with the human hand; a careful microscopic comparison between machine- and hand-made preparations showed conclusively that when the medicinal substance was hard, and in considerable pieces, such as Carbo vegetabilis and Aurum foliatum, Mr. Hewitt's machine failed to reduce the particles to the same uniformly minute size which was attained in the hand-made triturations; when, however, the medicine was already in the pulverulent form, as Mercurius biniodidum, there appeared but little difference between the two modes of trituiating. In consequence of this, no machine yet known can be recommended to be used'in making the early triturations, at least of all substances which are not already in the form of impalpable powder or known to be very friable. -These constitute all the preparations recognised by Homoeopathists, with the exception of pilules and globules, which, however, are merely dispensing forms of the tinctures. INFUSIONS AND DECOCTIONS. Many plants yield their virtues more fully to water than to alcohol or any other menstruuni. There'is, how 24 HIIOMOCOPATH1C PHARlIACOPCEIA. ever, a great practical difficulty as regards these preparations, and that is they will not keep, and accordingly it is still a desideratum that some method should be devised whereby they can be preserved from decomposition. It is probable that the addition of a certain proportion of alcohol or glycerine will effect this, and the subject is suggested as a very suitable one for experimentation. In the mean time these preparations must be made fresh when required. They are prepared as follows: 1. Cold Infusions.-Reduce the fresh plant to a magma or the dry plant to a coarse powder, pack it in a percolator precisely as directed for tincture making, then let 10 fluid ounces of distilled water for every 1 ounce of dry material' be passed through the percolator in the ordinary way. 2. Hot Infusions.-Prepare the medicinal substance as above, and tie it loosely in a bag of clear well-washed book-muslin, and then pour 10 fluid ounces of boiling distilled water for every 1 ounce of dry material into a glass jar, and suspend the bag containing the substance in the water, and cover over the jar, and keep it in a warm place for an hour, when the fluid may be poured off, and that retained in the bag squeezed out, and the two mixed together and filtered. 3. Decoctions.-Prepare the plant as before, and put it into a glass matrass, then pour 10 fluid ounces of distilled water to each 1 ounce of dry material over it, and place the matrass in a water-bath, and raise it to 200~ F., kept at that temperature for half an hour, when the fluid may be decanted and filtered. If attenuations of these are required, they must be made as soon as the preparations are ready. Pure dis HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 25 tilled water being used for the 1st. decimal and centesimal attenuations, dilute alcohol for the 3rd decimal, and rectified spirit for the 2nd centesimal and upwards. THE ATTENUATIONS. Systematic dilution of medicines according to a fixed scale constitutes another of the peculiarities of homoeopathic pharmacy. When Hahnemann had convinced himself of the curative power of infinitesimal doses, he devised and carried out the plan of making a series of preparations of each medicine, every one of which should contain exactly 100 times less of the drug than the one before it, and this constitutes the centesimal scale. His followers, however, being desirous of having preparations of a strength midway between those recommended by Hahnemann, adopted the plan of diluting in the proportion of 1 in 10 in place of 1 in 100, thus constituting a decimal scale. In consequence of this, very great confusion has arisen, and it is most essential that one or other should be adopted exclusively. After a careful review of all the arguments in favour of both scales, it has been determined to adopt the centesimal scale for prescribing, while the decimal possesses so many advantages in the preparation of the drugs that it should be always followed in the making of the triturations and other attenuations. When referring to the subject of designating the attenuations, an easy method will be described by which to avoid the possibility of any confusion arising from the use of one scale for preparing and the other for prescribing. The method of making the attenuations is as follows: 26 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Take a perfectly clean new bottle (say a half-ounce phial), fit a good new cork into it, and then, having removed the cork, pour in 20 minims of the mother tincture, then add 180 minims of spirit of the same alcoholic strength as that with which the mother tincture was prepared; cork the bottle, and, grasping it in the right hand, with the thumb held firmly over the cork, shake it well, letting each shake terminate in a jerk by striking the closed right hand against the open palm of the left hand; having given several such shakes, the attenuation is finished, and should be marked Ix or A. 20 minims of P1, mixed and well shaken with 180 minims of spirit, will then form 2N or 1; and 20 minims of 1, with 180 minims of spirit, well shaken, will form 3x or B, and so on up to the highest attenuation required. The strength of the spirit used for the attenuations must be carefully attended to according to the following rules: I.-The first attenuation made from a trituration (which will be 4) must be made as follows:-Dissolve one grain of the 3rd centesimal trituration in 50 minims of distilled water, and then add gradually 50 minims of rectified spirit, thus forming dilute alcohol. NV.i?.-As sugar of milk is not soluble in less than six times its weight of cold water, and is insoluble in alcohol, a decimal solution of a trituration could only be made with pure water and would not keep; the centesintal scale, therefore, must be followed in preparing the first solution of a trituration. a. The next attenuation, viz. 9', must be made with proof spirit. b. The next, viz. 5, and all higher attenuations, must be made with rectified spirit (B. P.), i. e. 60 O.P. HO0IvEOPATHIC PHARMACOPi A.I2. 27 II.-The first attenuation of mother tinctures (which will always be.1v or A) must be made with spirit of the same strength as that used in making the mother tincture, hencea. When the mother tincture is made with proof spirit attenuation Ix or A must be made also with proof spirit, attenuation 1 with spirit 20 O.P., attenuation 3x or B and all above that with rectified spirit. b. When the mother tincture is made with dilute alcohol, attenuation 11 or A must be made with dilute alcohol, 1 with proof spirit, 3x or B with spirit.20 O.P., and all above that with rectified spirit. c. When the mother tincture is made with spirit 20 O.P., attenuation P or A must be made with spirit 20 O.P., 1 and all above that with rectified spirit. d. XVhen the mother tincture is made with rectified spirit, the same will be used for all the attenuations. III.-The attenuations made from watery solutions require to be modified by so many causes, such as the solubility of the medicine in alcohol, the tendency or otherwise to anychemical action between the alcohol and the substance to be attenuated, that the rule is in these cases laid down separately for each particular substance. THE DESIGNATION OF THE ATTENUATIONS. Hitherto great irregularity has existed in the methods of designating the attenuations, and as a consequence much confusion has resulted. By some hommeopathic chemists the numbers 1, 2, 3, &c., have been used to denote 28 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. the decimal scale, while others have adhered to Hahnemann's plan and confined their use to centesimal preparations, using Px, 2x, 3x, &c., to denote the decimal attenuations. A few, again, have used A to indicate lx, and B to denote 3X, these two attenuations being almost the only ones in use which could not be expressed by the centesimal numbers. The best way of avoiding all this confusion is for the Homoeopathic practitioners to adopt the centesimal scale only. The reasons for this are numerous, among which the following may be noted as of themselves sufficient to decide the matter. 1. All or nearly all employ the centesimal scale exclusively in denoting the high attenuation. 2. There are only two attenuations, viz. the 1st and 3rd decimal, which have been much used and which could not be equally well notated centesimally. It is necessary now to advert to a fact which is often lost sight of, and yet which is very important for all those who prescribe the low attenuations, and that is the following: The process of attenuation always commences from a point termed zero, and marked 0 or 0, but the actual amount of medicinal substance contained in the zero differs materially, thusIn all instances where trituration or solution in distilled water is had recourse to the 0 represents -the pure medicinal substance; e.g. Acid. Nitric. 0, Arsen. 0, Kali lod. q, Brom. q, Carbo veg. 0, &c., always refer to the pure substance itself, and hence, in such cases, the 1st decimal attenuation contains 10 per cent. of the pure drug. On the contrary, in all cases where tinctures are made, the strong tincture, and not the crude material, is marked 0, and, as a consequence, the 1st decimal attenuation contains 10 per cent. of the tincture (no matter how dilute it may HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. 29 be), and not 10 per cent. of the pure drug. Since in the present Pharmacopoeia the proportion of 1 in 10 has been fixed, whenever possible, for the strength of the mother tincture, it follows that the 1st decimal attenuation of a mother tincture corresponds in medicinal strength to the 1st centesimal attenuation of a trituration or watery solution. This uniformity of strength of the mother tinctures thus gets rid of much of the uncertainty which has hitherto existed as to the actual quantity of medicine contained in these preparations; but it would have been more satisfactory to have adopted one uniform standard for all. It was found, however, after much deliberation, that a change of this kind would for a time, at least, lead to so much confusion that it has been deemed advisable not to make any such radical change: It is very necessary to adopt a uniform use of the sign p, since much confusion is caused by different persons employing it in different senses. The following are the rules for its application: 1. It is used principally to denote the strongest officinal tincture, as Bell. 0, Arnica 0, Canth. 0, and these, according to the new Pharmacopoeia, have an almost uniform strength of 1 in 10. 2. It is used to denote the strongest officinal preparation of substances whose actual strength is unknown, as Caust. 0, together with the animal poisons, as Apis q, Aranea 0, Lachesis 0, &c. 3. It is used to denote the strongest solution in alcohol of substances which are also prepared by trituration, in which case the names should always be preceded by the sign Tr., e. g. Tr. Sulph. 0, Tr. Lycop. 0. 4. It should never be used to denote the Ix solution of any substance in alcohol or water, when the crude substance itself might be prescribed; for example, Tereb. 0, 30 HOM0EOPATHIC PHARAMACOP(EIA. Kreos. q0, Copaiva 0, Brom. 0, Kal. lod. q0, Mere. cor., &c., should always mean the pure substances themselves, and their strongest officinal solutions should be denoted Tereb. 1, Kreos. 1P, Brom. 1, Kali I 1P, Merc. cor. 1x, &c. In short, the sign q0, when meaning mother tincture, should be strictly limited to the strongest solutions in alcohol of substances which are not, or cannot be, prescribed in their crude state. As regards marking the attenuations, the following plan has been adopted as the least likely to be misunderstood 1 3 5 7 9 11 0. 1; 1. 3; 2. 5; 3. 7; 4. 9; 5. -; 6, &c. X x X x x x x Oro.. I; 1. 3"; 2. 5x; 3. 7T; 4. 9x;5. 11; 6, &c. Since only two decimal attenuations are at all frequently prescribed, namely, P and 3-, there can be no objection to notating these A and B, but the figure with the x below or at the side is preferable, since the chemists must use the higher decimal notation to mark the intermediate steps in the process of attenuation. It is directed that in future no chemist will send out a decimal attenuation without the x being distinctly marked, and that no practitioner will prescribe a decimal attenuation without the distinctive mark, and also that all will abstain from using the decimal notation wherever the attenuation required can be expressed centesimally; for example, that 2x shall never be used in place of 1, 4X in place of 2, 6x in place of 3, &c. A careful attention to these simple rules will save a large amount of confusion. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 31 THE PRESERVATION OF THE MEDICINES. A very few words will suffice upon this head. All that has already been written about the care necessary to avoid all exposure of the medicinal substances to damp, dust, strong smells, bright light, &c., during their preparation, applies equally to the preparations themselves after they are completed. All strong tinctures should be kept in a place entirely separate from the attenuations, and should be preserved in well-corked glass bottles, using stoppers only when the substance is corrosive, and kept constantly in the dark, in a dry cool place. The attenuations should also be preserved ii corked bottles, in drawers, and it is a good plan to appropriate a separate drawer to each medicine. It is not necessary to keep the whole series of attenuations, as many of them are very seldom prescribed. The following should, however, be always on hand, viz. all below 4., then 5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30. THE DISPENSING OF THE PREPARATIONS. The forms in which homwcopathic medicines are dispensed are Powders, Tinctures, Pilules, and Globules. The powders consist of sugar of milk, to which has been added a given quantity of the trituration prescribed, or on which has been dropped a given number of drops of the tincture. It is necessary, therefore, to remember that only those attenuations can be dispensed in the form of powder which have been made with rectified spirit. If prepared with a weaker spirit, the sugar of milk will partially dissolve, and thus a most inconvenient preparation will result. 32 2OM1(TEOPATHIC(! PHARMACOP(EIA. The tinctures themselves are often dispensed, either in bottles with directions to mix so many drops in a given quantity of water, or the prescriber orders so many drops to be mixed with so many ounces of water, and sent out as a mixture. In order to possess a convenient form for administering fractions of a drop, Hahnemann adopted the plan of saturating sugar globules with the attenuated tincture, and then directing so many of these to be taken at a dose. Since H-Iahnemann's time a larger sugar globule, termed pilde, has been introduced, and is much used both in this country and America. Another form of powder has been recommended in America, and used occasionally in this country, and is at times very convenient. It is called a tincture-tritiouration, and is prepared as follows:-A weighed quantity of sugar of milk is put into a mortar, and an amount of the attenuation (usually the mother tincture) measuring one half the weight of the sugar of milk is poured over it, and the whole is well rubbed together, forming a soft paste; this is put on one side in a dry place, lightly covered with paper to exclude dust, but not to prevent evaporation, and as the paste gets drier it is again and again rubbed up well and scraped from the mortar and pestle until it becomes quite dry, when it is put up in bottles and preserved like any other preparation. From the way it is made it will be obvious that two grains of a tincturetritaration will contain as much of the medicine as one drop of the tincture itself. Beyond the convenience of carrying them about and dispensing them as powders, there is no advantage in the tincture-trituration over the tincture, and it should never be used for the purpose of making the attenuations, which should invariably be prepared direct from the tinctures themselves. ' HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(CIA. 33 A few words must be said respecting the obtaining and medicating pilules and globules. These preparations are made of sugar and starch, and it is always better to procure them from a manufacturer who prepares them especially for homoeopathic chemists, rather than from the confectioner, who, having frequently to colour his preparations, would be very apt to employ his machinery indiscriminately for the coloured and the colourless, and hence the latter would not be sufficiently pure for our purpose. In medicating the pilules and globules, the first step is to dry them carefully, since any moisture which they may possess will interfere with their absorbent power. A suitable quantity should then be placed in a bottle, and the tincture with which they are to be saturated poured over them in sufficient quantity to thoroughly moisten every one of them, and the regular admixture of the tincture and the globules should be ensured by repeatedly shaking, or, better still, by rolling the bottle horizontally in the hand. Some chemists fill the bottles with the tincture and leave them to macerate for several days, while others carefully ascertain how much the pilules and globules will absorb, and add exactly that quantity. Whichever plan is followed, the greatest possible care is required to secure perfect saturation. The latter process, when carefully carried out, has the advantage of avoiding all exposure of the pilules and globules in drying; whereas if the former plan is followed it is necessary, after a time, to pour off the excess of tincture, and to dry the pilules and globules between sheets of filtering paper, a plan which is objectionable on many accounts. Before closing these practical directions it will be well to say a little about the proper method of cleaning the utensils employed by homoeopathic chemists. 3 34 HOMTEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. It has been already stated that all careful homoeopathic chemists set apart separate pestles and mortars for each medicine which has to be triturated. All the mother tinctures, and especially all the attenuations should, in the first place, be put into perfectly new bottles, closed with perfectly new corks, and these should never in future be filled with any other medicine or attenuation. It must happen, however, that measure glasses, bottles which have contained mixtures, &c., required to be used again and again, and hence it is well to know how they can be thoroughly freed from every trace of the medicine which they have previously contained. This may be effectually accomplished by washing the bottle in an ascending stream of water, in place of a descending stream, as is almost universally employed. The chemist should have a fine nozzle and stopcock adapted to his water cistern in his laboratory (over the sink), and so arranged that the stream of water ascends like the jet of a fountain. He then washes his bottle or glass, as the case may be, in the usual manner, carefully removing every visible impurity, and then, while the vessel is still wet, he should hold it over the fine nozzle (which must be fine enough to pass through the neck of the smallest sized bottle he has to wash), and while in that position open the stopcock and allow the stream to strike against the bottom of the glass or bottle he is washing; in this way, as soon as the water mixes with the remains of the medicine, it flows down the sides of the vessel and escapes into the sink, and in a very short time not the slightest trace of medicine can remain in the glass or bottle. It can then be drained and dried in the ordinary way. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 35 ON THE DOSE. It is essential to the principles of Homoeopathy that medicines should be given in doses too small to produce their physiological effects. As regards minuteness of dose, however, there is no fixed limit; and hence it follows that all doses have their advocates, ranging from a few drops of the mother tincture up to the highest attenuations. In order, however, to afford some general idea of the sort of doses usually employed, two lists are given in the Table of Medicines-the first quoted from Dr. Quin's Pharmacopoeia, and which is fdr the most part those originally proposed by Hahnemann; and the second quoted from Jahr's Symptomen Codex, which is chiefly on the authority of Noack and Trinks. ON WRITING PRESCRIPTIONS. The peculiarities of homoeopathic pharmacy entail certain peculiarities in prescribing which must be noticed. 1. Since there are numerous preparations of each medicine, it is essentially necessary to mark this after the name of the medicine. For example, it is not sufficient to order Belladonna. The name must be followed by the sign denoting the particular preparation. Thus: Bell. 0, Bell. 3x, Bell. 6, Bell. 30, would denote respectiviely the mother tincture, the third decimal, the sixth centesimal, and the thirtieth centesimal attenuations of the medicine. 2. After the sign denoting the preparation must follow the usual signs for the quantity, and in connection with it must be a notification as to whether triturations, tinctures, pilules, or globules, are wanted. Thus: 36 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. Mere. vivus 3x grs. 2 =Merc. vivus 6 gtt. 2 = Merc. vivus 6 pil. 2 =Merc. vivus 30 g1s. 3 = 2 grains of 3rd decimal trituration. 2 drops of 6th centesimal tincture. 2 pilules of 6th centesimal attenuation. 3 globules of 30th centesimal attenuation. For brevity's sake these may be written thus: Merc. vivus grs. 2/3x gtt. 2/6, pil. 2/6, gis. 3/30. Following these necessary rules, the homoeopathic prescriptions will assume some such forms as these: For Powders. Aconite 3x, gtt. iij; Sacchar. Lactis,,grs. vj. M. Fiat pulvis. Mitte tales iv. Sigt.-Dissolve a powder in dessert-spoonful of water, and take one dessert-spoonful every hours. For Mixtures. Belladonna 12, gtt. vj; Aquoe destill., gvj. M. Sigt.-A dessert-spoonful to be taken every - hours. Two things are especially to be recommended, viz. that all prescriptions should be written in such a manner that any homceopathic chemist may read them with certainty and facility; and that the directions for taking the medicines should be so written that both patient and chemist can understand them. PART II. DESCRIPTION OF THE MEDICINES AND THEIR PREPARATIONS. ACIDUM BENZOICUM. Benzoic Acid. HC7H5O,. Obtained from benzoin, a balsamic resin, which exudes from the incised bark of the Styrax Benzoin. Nat. ord., STYRACACEIE. It is prepared by sublimation, and can be purchased in a state of purity in crystals. Characters and Tests.-Light feathery crystalline plates and needles, flexible, nearly colourless, and having an agreeable aromatic odour resembling benzoin. Soluble in 300 parts of cold water, in 12 parts of boiling water, in 4 parts of rectified spirit. Soluble also in lime water and caustic alkalies, and precipitated from the solution by Hydrochloric Acid. When heated it sublimes without residue. Preparation. - Trituration or tincture, made with rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Transactions of Amer. Institute of Horn., vol. i. Proper forms for dispensing.--1~ and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 38 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. ACIDUM FLUORICUM. Present name.-Hydrofluoric Acid. HF. Prepared by distilling pure Fluorspar (Calcic Fluoride) in a state of fine powder with Sulphuric Acid. As the acid dissolves glass, the distillation must be performed in leaden or platinum vessels, and the acid can only be preserved in bottles of the same, or in bottles made of gutta percha. It should be purchased from the manufacturing chemists. Tests.-Place a drop of the aqueous solution on a slip of glass, let it remain a few minutes, then wash it off, and hold the glass so that the eye may glance over the polished surface, -when the spot where the liquid was will be found to have entirely lost its polish, some of the glass having been dissolved. Preparation.-An aqueous solution of 1 in 10. Water must be used for making the first three dilutions, and all these must be kept in gutta-percha bottles. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Transactions of Amer. Inst., vol. i. Proper forms for dispensing.-Below 3, watery Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACIDUM HYDROCYANICUM. Prussic Acid. HCN. Obtained by distilling yellow Prussiate of Potash with Sulphuric Acid. The process given by the British Pharmacopoeia of 1867 is as follows: Take of Yellow Prussiate of Potash. 2 ounces; Sulphuric Acid....... 1 fluid ounce; Distilled Water....... 30 fluid ounces, or a sufficiency. 40 40 HUMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. ACIDUM MURIATICUM. Present name.-Hvdrochloric Acid. HC1. The process for preparing this should be that recommended in the British Pharmacopoeia of 1867. Take of Chloride of Sodium, dried. 48 ounces; Sulphuric Acid... 4-1 fluid ounces; Water...... 36 fluid ounces; Distilled Water... 50 fluid ounces. Pour the Sulphuric Acid slowly into 32 ounces of the water, and when the mixture has cooled add it to the Chloride of Sodium previously introduced into a flask having the capacity of at least one gallon. Connect the flask by corks and a bent glass tube with a three-necked "wash-bottle, furnished with a safety tube, and containing the remaining 4 ounces of the water; then, applying heat to the flask, conduct the disengaged gas through the washbottle into a second bottle containing the distilled water, by means of a bent tube dipping about half an inch below the surface, and let the process be continued until the product measures 66 ounces, or the liquid has acquired a specific gravity of 116. The bottle containing the distilled water must be kept cool during the whole operation. Characters and Tests.-Colourless, strongly acid, emitting white vapours having a very pungent odour. Evaporated to dryness it leaves no residue; it gives a curdy white precipitate with Argentic Nitrate, soluble in excess of Ammonia, insoluble in Nitric Acid. 114"8 grains by weight, mixed with half an ounce of distilled water, requires for neutralization 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Soda. When diluted with 4 times its volume of distilled water it gives no precipitate with Barytic Chloride, is not discoloured by Sulphuretted HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 41 Hydrogen, or Potassic Sulphocyanide, and does not tarnish bright copper foil when boiled in it. Preparation.-As this solution contains 31-8 per cent. of the pure acid, 10 minims mixed with 21 minims of distilled water will make the Ix dilution. In diluting, distilled water only should be used up to the 3, and then dilute alcohol for the 4, and after that rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., vol. iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-Below 3, watery Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACIDUM NITRICUM. Nitric Acid. HNO,. Prepared from Potassic Nitrate, by distillation with Sulphuric Acid and water. It may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists of the strength ordered by the British Pharmacopoeia, which contains 70 per cent. of the pure acid. Characters and Tests.-A colourless liquid, sp- gr. 1-420, emitting powerfully acrid fumes. Evaporated to dryness it leaves no residue; poured over copper filings, dense red vapours are immediately formed; but if the acid be mixed with an equal volume of water and then added to the copper, it gives off a colourless gas, which becomes orange-red when mixed with air. Diluted with 6 times its volume of distilled water, it gives no precipitate with Barytic Chloride or Argentic Nitrate; 90 grains by weight mixed with half an ounce of distilled water requires 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of soda for neutralization. Preparation.-10 minims mixed with 60 minims of distilled water will make the 1" dilution. Distilled water 42 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPUEIA. must be used up to 3, and the dilute alcohol for the 4, after which rectified spirit should be employed. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., vol. iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-Below 3, watery Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACIDUM OXALICUM. Oxalic Acid. H2C204, 2H20. Prepared by oxidizing sugar or starch by the action of Nitric Acid and heat. It can be readily obtained from the manufacturing chemists, and should be purified by solution in distilled water and re-crystallization. Characters and Tests.-Colourless prismatic crystals, strongly acid, dissolving freely in water. Heated in a test tube with strong Sulphuric Acid, it dissolves with effervescence, evolving Carbonic Oxide and Carbonic Acid, the former of which burns with a blue flame on approaching the mouth of the tube to a flame. Heated in a dry tube, it is entirely converted into vapour, a part of which condenses on the sides of the tube in fine transparent needles. Its solution in water gives a white precipitate with Argentic Nitrate, soluble in dilute Nitric Acid. A strong solution gives with Barytic Nitrate, on stirring with a glass rod, a granular precipitate, soluble in dilute Nitric Acid. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit 1 in 10. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Transactions of Amer. Institute, vol. i. Proper forms for dispensing.-P1 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 43 ACIDUM PHOSPHORICUM. Present name.-Hydric Phosphate. H3PO4. Phosphoric Acid. Hahnemann directs this to be prepared by the action of Sulphuric Acid on calcined bones. It can be obtained readily from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A colourless, transparent, glassy solid, very soluble in water, having a sour taste and strongly acid reaction. Its solution gives a canary-yellow precipitate with'Argentic Nitrate, which is soluble in Ammonia and in diluted Nitric Acid. It is not precipitated by Hydrosulphuric Acid, Barytic Chloride, Argentic Nitrate with excess of Nitric Acid, or solution of Albumen. The 1 in 10 watery solution mixed with an equal volume of pure Sulphuric Acid and introduced into a solution of Ferrous Sulphate, does not communicate a dark colour. The same solution mixed with an equal volume of solution of Mercuric Chloride and heated, gives no precipitate. Preparation.-The solution in water recommended by the British Pharmacopoeia under the title of " Dilute Phosphoric Acid," contains 1 grain in 10 minims, and hence forms our 1x preparation. The first 2 dilutions should be made with distilled water, the 5- with dilute alcohol, the 3 and following with rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., vol. v. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 2, watery Solution only. 5x, dilute Tincture. 3 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACIDUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.-Hydric Sulphate. HISO04. Sulphuric Acid. 41. 4H IOMtEOPATHIC PHARMACOPcEIA. Hahnemann recommends the Nordhaiisen or fuming Sulphuric Acid to be used, directing it to be redistilled in glass vessels. A very pure acid, however, can be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-Strong Sulphuric Acid is a colourless oily liquid, sp. gr. 18543, evolving much heat on the addition of water, and when diluted gives a copious white precipitate with Barytic Chloride, insoluble in Nitric Acid. Evaporated in a platinum crucible, it leaves no residue. Diluted with 6 times its volume of diluted water, no white precipitate appears. Neither does it give any precipitate with Hydrosulphuric Acid. When a solution of Ferrous Sulphate is poured gently on its surface, no purple colour is developed where the two liquids unite. Preparation.-The officinal acid of the British Pharmacopoeia contains 79 per cent. of the anhydrous acid. Hence, 10 grains by weight mixed with sufficient distilled water to measure 80 minims will constitute our 1 preparation. The first 3 dilutions should be made with distilled water, 4 with dilute alcohol, and the 5 and following dilutions with rectified spirit. Reference to Honm. Proving.-Chr. Kr., vol. v. Proper forms for dispensing.-Below 3, watery Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACONITE. Aconitum Napellus. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEIE. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 1. Common Aconite, Monkshood, or. Wolfsbane. For. names: German, Eisenhut, Sturmhut; French, Aconit. Napel; Italian, Napello; Spanish, Napello. Habitat.-Moist pastures, thickets and waste places, &c., HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 45 in mountainous districts, in Central and Southern Europe, and Russian and Central Asia, extending northward into Scandinavia. In Britain probably introduced, but apparently wild in some shady places in Western England and South Wales. Flowering time.-June to August. Parts employed.-The leaves, flowering tops, and the root. Characters.-Leaves smooth, palmate, divided into five deeply cut wedge-shaped segments, exciting slowly when chewed a sensation of tingling. Flowers numerous, irregular, deep blue, in dense racemes. Time for collecting.-When about one third of the flowers have expanded. N.B.-The cultivated plant has been repeatedly used in place of the wild one, and it yields a very good tincture. It is needful, however, to select plants which have not been grown in rich luxuriant soil, and also such as retain all the characters of the wild plant unaltered by cultivation. Preparation.-Tincture from freshly collected leaves or flowering tops, and from the fresh or dry root, using proof spirit in either case. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. (Est. Zeitsch. f. Hom., vol. i. Proper forms for dispensing.-(p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and above, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACTIEA RACEMOSA. Cimicifuga racemosa. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEIE. Synonyms.-C. serpentaria, Actaea monogyna, Macrotys octreoides, Botrophis serpentaria. 46 HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOPNEIA. Fig.-Gray's Genera of American Plants, pl. 20. Black Snake Root. For. names: German, Scharzwurz; French, L'Actee; Italian, Actea; Spanish, Actea. Habitat.-In Canada, Georgia, and Western States. Flowering time.-July. Parts employed.-The root. Characters.-Monogynous; carpels subglobose; seeds compressed. Root thick and knotted, with long fibres. Stem 3 to 8 feet high, glabous, furrowed, leafy near the middle. Leaves 3 ternate; racemes branching, 6 to 12 inches long. Flowers very fetid; sepals caducous, greenish-white, concave. Time for collecting.-Autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-p- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. YESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM. 2Esculus Hippocastanum. Nat. ord., SAPINDACEJE. Synonym. -Hippocastanum vulgare. Fig.-Woodv. Med. Bot., t. 128. Horse Chesnut. For. names: German, Rosskastanie; French, Marronnier d'Inde. Habitat.-Unknown, probably native of both Northern India and North America. Abundant, as an introduced tree, in Britain and France. Flowering time.-May. Parts employed.-The ripe nut, deprived of its shell. Characters. - Nuts ovoid, mahogany coloured, perfectly HOMEOPATHIO PHARMACOP(EIA. 47 smooth and shining, with a large oval hilum, which is paler coloured and rough. Kernel white, and very astringent to the taste (very similar in general appearance to Spanish chesnuts, but generally brighter coloured). Time for collecting.-September and October. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. _ETHUSA. _IEthusa Cynapium. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFERAE. Fig.-Flor. Hom., pl. 2. Common ZEthusa, Fool's Parsley, Garden Hemlock. For. names: French, Cigue des Jardins, Petite Cigu"; German, Garten-schierling; Italian, Cicuta minore; Spanish, Cicuta menore. Habitat. - A common weed, abundant throughout Europe. Flowering time.-Summer and autumn. Parts employed.-The whole fresh plant. Characters. - Leaves dissected, bright green, emitting a nauseous smell when rubbed. Umbels on long peduncles, with partial involucres of 2 or 3 long linear tracts, turned downwards towards the outside of the umbels. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-An. d. Hom. Klin., iv, 114. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 48 48 HOMCEOPATHIO PHARMACOP(Bi IA. AGARICUS. Agaricus muscarius. Nat. ord., CRYPTOGAMIA. FUNGI. Synonyms.-Amanita muscaria, Agaricus imperialis. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 3. Fly Agaric, Bug Agaric. For. names: German, FliegerSchwamm; French, Fausse Orange; Italian, Amanita. Habitat.-In dry places, especially dry pine woods; Europe, Asia, and America. Not common in England, but abundant in some parts of Scotland. Parts employed.-The entire fungus. Characters.-Pileus 3 to 7 inches broad, convex, and sometimes depressed, of a rich orange-scarlet, but occasionally whitish, yellowish., or brown; margin striate. Gills white. Stem 4 to 9 inches high, half to 1 inch thick; sub-solid, bulbose. Time for collecting.-Autumn. Preparation.-1. Tincture from fresh fungus, after it has been carefully washed and the outer skin removed, using proof spirit. 2. Trituration from the dried fungus. Reference to Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-Op to 1, Tincture or Trituration. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AGNUS CASTUS. Vitex Agnus Castus. Nat. ord., VERBENACEAE. Synonym.- V. verticillata. Fig.-Woodville's Med.'Bot., vol. ii, pl. 137. The Chaste Tree. For. names: German, Keusch-lamm, Minchs-pfeqfer; French, Gattilier commun. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 49 SHabitat.-The shores of the Mediterranean, Provence, and Greece; on sandy spots, and at the foot of rocks. Flowering time.-July to September. Parts employed.-The ripe berries, fresh or dry. Characters.-A bush from 3 to 5 feet high, much branched. Leaves opposite, petiolate, digitate, 5-7 partite; colour dark green on upper, greyish on under surface, with a very strong smell. Flowers numerous, blue or purple, in long terminal spikes. Berries somewhat like a peppercorn. Timefor collecting.-When in flower and seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Additions. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ALLIUM CEPA, or CEPA. The Common Onion. Nat. ord., LILIACEJE. For. names: German, Zwiebel; French, Oignon; Italian, Cipolla; Spanish, Cebolla. Parts employed.-The mature bulb. Characters.-Dr. Hering, who proved this, says nothing about the variety of the cultivated onion which he used, but recommends " the red, largest, and strongest to be selected, and, if possible, not raised from ground which has been cultivated for centuries." Time for collecting.-Autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit, 1 to 20 parts of the dry material. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hering's Amer. Arzneipr. 4 50 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ALLIUM SATIVUM. Nat. ord., LILIACE1E. Garlic. For. names: German, Knoblauch; French, Ail; Italian, Aglio; Spanish, Ajo. Parts employed.-The mature bulb. Characters.-This well-known culinary plant is cultivated everywhere. The bulb consists of several ovato-oblong, pointed, somewhat curved little bulbs, not unlike claws, which are enclosed in one common dry membrane, forming a large oval bulb. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit in the proportion of 1 to 20, so as to exhaust the magma as much as possible. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ALOE. Aloe Socotorina. Nat. ord., LILIACEE. Fig.-Steph. and Chr., iii, 110. Common Aloes. For. names: German, Aloe; French, Alois; Italian, Aloi; Spanish, Aloe. The inspissated juice of the leaf of one or more undetermined species of Aloe, produced chiefly in the Island of Socotra. Characters.-In reddish-brown masses, opaque, or trans 52 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 or upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ALUMINA. Present name.-Alumina. A1,0,. Pure Clay. For. names: German, Thonerde Alaunerde. This should be prepared by precipitating Ammonia Alum with Liquor Ammonie, and carefully washing the precipitate with distilled water; the washing should be continued until the water which has percolated through the precipitate gives no precipitate with Barytic Chloride, or any odour of Ammonia when mixed with Potassic Hydrate and boiled. The Alumina is then carefully dried and pulverized. Characters.-A very fine white powder, soft to the touch, tasteless, infusible, forming a paste with water, but not dissolving in it. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1l to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ALUMINIUM. Metallic Aluminium. Al. A brilliant white silver-like metal, malleable and ductile, obtained by heating Aluminic" Chloride with Metallic Sodium. Preparation.-Trituration. Boenninghausen is said to have used this, but no reference to any proving has been found. HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 53 Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. The salts formed by Alumina with Acetic, Malic, and Tartaric Acids are all readily soluble in water, and one or other of these, especially the Acetate, might be used instead of the trituration of the pure Alumina by those who prefer solutions to triturations. AMBRA GRISEA. Ambergris. For. names: German, Graue Ambra; French, Ambre gris. This is now generally believed to be a morbid secretion from the liver of the spermaceti whale (Physeter macrocephalus). It has been extracted from the rectum of whales in the South Sea Fishery, but is usually found floating on the sea along the coasts of Coromandel, Japan, the Moluccas, and Madagascar. The most esteemed is that from Madagascar and Sumatra. Characters.-Large opaque balls, rough to the touch, formed of concentric layers, friable, lighter than water, spongy, of a greyish-brown colour externally, traversed within by black and yellowish-red streaks, and full of whitish specks. There often occur in the interior, the beak, and other hard parts of different species of cuttlefish, especially Sepia octop., and S. moschata. It has a strong odour,; somewhat aromatic; when heated it softens like wax; it burns readily with a bright flame, leaving very little residuum. It is soluble in ether, and partially so in rectified spirit. Prep aration.-Trituration. Reference to Hor. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. 54. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AMMONIACUM. Dorema Ammoniacum. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFER. Gum Ammoniac. For. names: German, Ammoniak; French, Gomme Ammoniaque; Italian, Armoniaco; Spanish, Goma Ammoniaco. Habitat.-Persia. Parts employed.-The gum resin which exudes from the stem. OCaracters.-In tears or masses; the tears from 2 to 8 lines in diameter, pale cinnamon brown, breaking with a smooth, shining, opaque, white surface; the masses composed of agglutinated tears, hard and brittle when cold, but readily softened by heat. Has a faint odour, and a bitter, acrid, nauseous taste. Rubbed with water it forms a nearly white emulsion. It is soluble in ether, but not in alcohol. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4 dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AMMONIUM CARBONICUM. Synonym.-Sesquicarbonate of Ammonia. Present name.-Ammonic Carbonate. 2(NH4CO,)CO2. Sal-volatile. For. name: Germ., Fliichtiges Laugensalz. HOMEEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 55 A volatile and pungent Ammoniacal Salt, produced by submitting a mixture of Sulphate of Ammonia or Chloride of Ammonium and Carbonate of Lime to sublimation. Characters and Tests.-In translucent crystalline masses, with a strong ammoniacal odour and alkaline reaction; soluble in cold water, more sparingly in spirit. It volatilises entirely when heated, and is readily dissolved by acids with effervescence. If diluted Nitric Acid be added to it in slight excess, and the solution be boiled, it will give no precipitate with Chloride of Barium or Nitrate of Silver. Fifty-nine grains dissolved in one ounce of distilled water will be neutralised by 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of oxalic acid. 20 grains of Carbonate neutralise 23- grains Citric Acid, of Ammonia neutralise 25- grains Tartaric Acid. Preparation.-A trituration has been recommended, but the great volatility of the substance renders such a preparation unsuitable. It should be dissolved in distilled water (1 in 10, as usual) and the 1 made with dilute alcohol, and afterwards rectified spirit should be used. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x and 1, Solution only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AMMONIUM CAUSTICUM. Synonym.-Liquor Ammonise Fortior. Present name.-Ammonic Hydrate. NH4HO. The strong solution of Ammoniacal Gas (NHi) in water is directed by the British Pharmacopoeia to be prepared as follows: 56 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Take of Chloride of Ammonium, in coarse 3 pounds powder..... Slaked Lime..... 4 pounds; Distilled Water.... 32 fl. ounces. Mix the Lime with the Chloride of Ammonium, and introduce the mixture into an iron bottle placed in a metal pot surrounded by sand. Connect the iron tube, which screws air-tight into the bottle in the usual manner, by corks, glass tubes, and caoutchouc collars, with a Woulf's bottle capable of holding a pint; connect this with a second Woulf's bottle of the same size, the second bottle with a matrass of the capacity of 3 pints, in which 22 ounces of the distilled water are placed, and the matrass, by means of a tube bent twice at right angles, with an ordinary bottle containing the remaining 10 ounces of distilled water. Bottles 1 and 2 are empty, and the latter and the matrass which contains the 22 ounces of distilled water are furnished each with a siphon safety tube charged with a very short column of mercury. The heat of a fire, which should be very gradually raised, is now to be applied to the metal pot, and continued until bubbles of condensible gas cease to escape from the extremity of the glass tube which dips into the water of the matrass. The process being terminated, the matrass will contain about 43 fluid ounces of strong Solution of Ammonia. Bottles 1 and 2 will now include, the first about 16, the second about 10 fluid ounces of a coloured ammoniacal liquid. Place this in a flask closed by a cork, which should be perforated by a siphon safety tube containing a little Mercury, and also by a second tube bent twice at right angles, and made to pass to the bottom of the terminal bottle used in the preceding process. Apply HOMIEOPATHIC PHARMACOPLEIA. 57 heat to the flask until the coloured' liquid it contains is reduced to three fourths of its original bulk. The product now contained in the terminal bottle will be nearly of the strength of Solution of Ammonia, and may be made exactly so by the addition of the proper quantity of distilled water or of strong solution of Ammonia. Characters and Tests.-A colourless liquid, with a characteristic and very pungent odour, and strong alkaline reaction. Sp. gr. 0-891. 52-3 grains by weight require for neutralisation 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. One fluid drachm contains 15-83 grains of Ammonia, NH3. When diluted with four times its volume of distilled water, it does not give precipitates with solution of Lime, Oxalate of Ammonia, Sulphide of Ammonium, or Ammoniosulphate of Copper; and, when treated with an excess of Nitric Acid, is not rendered turbid by Nitrate of Silver or by Chloride of Barium. Preparation.--4 minims of the Liquor Ammonim Fortior, British Pharmacopoeia, mixed with 6 minims of distilled water, will form the 1" dilution. Water should be used for making 1, then dilute alcohol up to 2, and afterwards rectified spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 2, Solution only. 5x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AMIMONIUM MURIATICUM. Present name.-Ammonic Chloride. NH4C1. Sal Ammoniac. For. name: German, Salmiac. May be formed by neutralising Hydrochloric Acid with 58 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Ammonia and evaporating to dryness. It is usually prepared by sublimation. Characters and Tests.-In colourless, inodorous, translucent, fibrous masses, tough, and difficult to powder; soluble in water and in rectified spirit. Its aqueous solution, when heated with Caustic Potash, evolves Ammonia, and when treated with Nitrate of Silver forms a copious curdy precipitate. When heated it volatilises without decomposition, and leaves no residue. Preparation.-Trituration or solution in rectified spirit for 1 and upwards. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper form for dispensing.-Px to 3, Trituration only; or 1 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. The following Salts of Ammonia also deserve the attention of Homoeopathists, but none of them have as yet been fully proved. AMMONIUM ACETICUM. Present name.-Ammonic Acetate. NH4C2H,302. Mindererus' Spirit. Made by neutralising Ammonic Carbonate with Acetic Acid. A notice will be found in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. AMMONIUM BENZOIOUM. Present name.-Ammonic Benzoate. NH4C7H5O2. Prepared by dissolving Benzoic Acid in a watery solution of Ammonia, and crystallizing. This has been recommended for gout, and to be used where Benzoic Acid is indicated. reparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 59 AMMONIUM BROMIDUM. Present name.-Ammonic Bromide. NI4Br. It is best to procure this from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In colourless crystals, which become slightly yellow by exposure to the air, and have a pungent saline taste. May be sublimed unchanged by the application of heat. Readily soluble in water, less soluble in spirit. A solution of the salt in water, mixed with mucilage of starch and a drop of an aqueous solution of bromine or chlorine, does not exhibit any blue colour. Supposed to act similarly to Kali Bromidum, but to be less depressing. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 1, then use dilute alcohol for 3x, and afterwards rectified spirit. AMMONIUM CITRICUM. Present name.-Ammonic Citrate. 3(NH4) C6O 07. Made by neutralising Citric Acid with strong solution of Ammonia. A notice of this will be found in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 3x, then use dilute alcohol for 2, after that rectified spirit. AMMONIUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Ammonic Iodide. NH41. Can be obtained from the manufacturing chemists in a state of purity. It is sometimes found to agree with patients who cannot take Kali lod. without suffering unpleasantly. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 2, then use dilute alcohol for 3, and afterwards rectified spirit. AMMONIUM PHOSPHORICUM. Present name. - Hydrodi-ammonic Phosphate. 2(NH4) HPO4. Made by neutralising Phosphoric Acid with strong solution of Ammonia. 60 HOME3OPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. A notice of this is given in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Preparation. -Solution in distilled water up to 2, then use dilute alcohol for 3, and afterwards rectified spirit. AMMONIUM SUCCINATUM. Present name.-Ammonic Succinate. 2(NH4) C4H404. Can be made by neutralising Succinic Acid with solution of Ammonia. This has not been proved, but there are reasons for believing that it acts on the nervous system, and would prove useful in hysteria, for which Amber (Succinum) long held a reputed virtue. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 2, then use dilute alcohol to 3, and afterwards rectified spirit. AMMONIUM TARTARICUM. Present name.-Ammonic Tartrate. 2(NH4)CAH406. Can be made by neutralising Tartaric Acid with solution of Ammonia. This has not yet been proved, but is frequently used as a cooling saline. Preparation. - Solution in distilled water up to 2, then use dilute alcolol to 3, and afterwards rectified spirit. ANACARDIUM. Semecarpus Anacardium. Nat. ord., ANACARDIACEIE. Synonyms.-Anacardium officinarum, Anacardium orientale. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 4. Marking-nut Tree. For. names: German, Elephantem Lousebaium, Anacardien Baum; French, Anacardien; Italian, Anacardos; Spanish, Anacard. HOMhEOPATHLG PHARMACOP(EIA. 1 61 Habitat.-Dry mountainous forests in Asia. Parts employed.-The juice contained in the cells under the external rind of the nut. Characters.-A black heart-shaped nut, containing a corrosive resinous juice, in cells between the hard outside shell and the sweet kernel; the juice is at first pale and of the thickness of honey, but afterwards turns black, and dries up. N.B.-It is very necessary to distinguish between the Marking-nut Tree, which is evidently the one Hahnemann described, and the Cashew Nut (Anacardium occidentale), which is often mistaken for it. It is quite possible that they may possess similar actions, but it is essential that homoeopathists should use the precise species which has been employed in the proving. Mode of preparing.-Triturations are made in the usual manner from the resinous juice. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Ch. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-Below 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ANGUSTURA SPURIA. Vide BRUCEA ANTIDYSENTERICA. ANGUSTURA. Galipea officinalis. Nat. ord., RUTACEIE. Synonyms.-Cusparia febrifuga, Bonplandia trifoliata. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 5. Angustura Bark, Cusparia. For. names: German, An 62 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. gustura rinde; French, Ecorce d'Angusture; Italian,Angustura; Spanish, Quina de Carony; Native name, Orayuri. HIabitat.-A tree of tropical America. Part employed.-The bark. Characters.-Flat pieces or incomplete quills, from 2 to 8 inches long, and between I inch and 1-- inch broad, - line to 3 lines in thickness, consisting of epidermis and proper bark. Outer surface dirty greyish-yellow, often speckled in the smaller pieces with lighter grey spots and elevations. Inner surface dark brown. Substance of the bark yellowish-brown. The transverse fracture is smooth, and somewhat resinous in appearance. The powder is like that of Rhubarb. It has a peculiar odour, and a bitter, hot, aromatic taste. Distinguished from false Angustura by its outer surface not being turned dark green, nor its fracture red, by Nitric Acid. Mode of preparing.-Tincture, using dilute alcohol; but trituration is preferable. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. Proper forms for dispensing. 1P to 3, Trituration or Tincture only. 4 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ANTHRAKOKALI. The substance proved under this name is produced by the action of fused Potassic Hydrate upon a peculiar kind of pit-coal obtained at Fiinfkirchen, in Hungary, and hence no other kind of coal should be used. The powder, which is black, greasy to the finger, and deliquescent, has a very complex chemical composition, the particulars of which have not yet been ascertained. In preparing it, 7 parts by weight of Potassic Hydrate are fused in a polished iron vessel, and 5 parts by weight of HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMIACOP(EIA. 63 very fine pulverized Fiinfkirchen pit-coal is carefully stirred into it, and the vessel is then removed from the fire and the stirring continued until the mixture becomes solid, when it should be rapidly reduced to powder in a warm mortar, and preserved in well-stoppered bottles. Test.-5 grains of the powder will yield a dark brown solution with.1 fluid ounce of water; so dark, indeed, that after all insoluble matter has subsided the solution is translucent only in thin layers. Preparation.-Trituration up to 3. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ANTIMONIUM CRUDUM. Synonym.-Stibium Sulphuretum Nigrum. Present name.-Antimonious Sulphide. Sb023. German, Schwefelspiesglanz. This is the commonest ore of Antimony, and occurs abundantly in many countries; that found in H-ungary is very pure, according to Biichner. Characters and Tests.-Masses consisting of closely aggregated needles, having a metallic lustre, leaden grey colour inclining to steel-grey, which is unchanged in the streak. The needles are extremely brittle, and melt even in the flame of a candle, emitting a sulphurous smell. It dissolves slowly in boiling Hydrochloric Acid, evolving the odour of Hydrosulphuric Acid. If the solution be filtered and mixed with water it generally gives an orange-red precipitate. 64 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Preparation.-Having ascertained the absence of all other metals, especially Iron and Arsenic, in the native sulphuret, it is to be reduced to an impalpable powder by grinding with water on a hard stone, and from this powder, carefully dried, triturations are made in the usual way. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ANTIMONIUM TARTARICUM. Synonym.-Antimonii Potassio-tartras, Tartarus Emeticus. Present name.-Potassio-antimonic Oxytartrate. KSb C4H4O7H20O. The British Pharmacopoeia gives the following process for making this: Take of Oxide of Antimony.... 5 ounces; Acid Tartrate of Potash, in fine powder. 6 ounces; Distilled Water..... 2 pints. Mix the Oxide of Antimony and Acid Tartrate of Potash with sufficient distilled water to form a paste, and set aside for twenty-four hours. Then add the remainder of the water, and boil for a quarter of an hour, stirring frequently. Filter, and set aside the clear filtrate to crystallise. Pour off the mother liquor, evaporate to one third, and set aside, that more crystals may form. Dry the crystals on filtering paper at the temperature of the air. Characters and Tests.-In colourless transparent crystals, exhibiting triangular facets, soluble in water, and less so in G(; IHOMTCOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. APIS MELLIFICA. Class, INSECTA; Ord., HYMENOPTERA; Section, ACULEATA; Subsection, MELLIFERA; Family, APIDE. The Common Hive Bee. The part employed is the poison emitted from the sting of the bee when enraged. There is much difference of opinion as to how it should be procured. Dr. Hering recommends seizing the live bee with a pair of forceps, and receiving the ejected poison on a piece of sugar. Dr. Marcy suggests catching the bees and plunging them into dilute alcohol. The following plan is perhaps the easier, and has been found practically to yield an efficient tincture. Take a clean, wide-mouthed, stoppered bottle, and, standing by the side of a bee-hive in full work, catch bees one by one as they emerge from the hive by means of a pair of forceps (the early morning is the safest time for doing this); introduce them, as caught, into the bottle, where they become much irritated by their imprisonment and try vainly to sting the operator's hand through the glass. When a sufficient number have been secured, and while they are still enraged, introduce a few drops of Chloroform, and as soon as they are stupified shake them out of the bottle, cut off the posterior half of the abdomen with sharp scissors; place them in a mortar, pour over them a sufficiency of pure glycerine to cover them, and bruise them carefully till the whole is reduced to a pulp; return the pulp into the bottle, and carefully wash the mortar with proof spirit, transferring the washings also into the bottle, using in all three times as much -proof spirit by measure as the glycerine employed. Put in the stopper and let the parts macerate for several days, shaking repeatedly, so that any of the poison which has been ejected HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 67 against the glass may be washed into the spirit. Afterwards filter the tincture, but do not press the pieces of bee. It is impossible to ascertain the strength of this preparation, but it should be marked 0, being the strongest that is likely to be required. Test.-If well prepared, it will cause an erythematous patch of about the size of a shilling when the skin is pricked by a needle previously dipped in the tincture. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Americ. Arfneipruf., i. Proper forms for dispensing.- a and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. Nat. ord., APOCYNACEAE. Synonym.-Apocynum pubescens. Fig.-Hooker, Flor. Bot. Amer., tab. cxxxix. Dogsbane, Indian Hemp. Habitat.-Canada, Lake Huron. Part employed.-The root. Characters.-It is a perennial plant. Stems herbaceous, erect, branching, of a brown colour, and 2 or 3 feet in height. Leaves opposite, ovate, oblong, acute at both ends, and somewhat downy beneath. Cymes pedunculate, many-flowered and pubescent. Corolla small and greenish, with a tube not longer than the calyx, and with an erect border. Pod or follicle from 3 to 5 inches long, and resembles the pods of the Asclepias syriaca, or common silk-weed, but is much smaller. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edit. 68 HOMUEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only; 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ARGENTUM METALLICUM. Synonym.-Argentum foliatum. Silver. Ag. The Silver used must be chemically pure, and hence it is. best to prepare it from the purified nitrate by precipitation with Hydrochloric Acid, and then fusing the carefully washed and dried chloride with anhydrous Sodic Carbonate. The metal can then be rubbed down to powder with water on a hard stone. It may also be obtained in the form of powder by precipitation from a solution of the purified nitrate by Ferrous Sulphate and very careful washing. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. (Est. Zeitsch. f. Hom., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-Ix to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ARGENTUM NITRICUM. Present name.-Argentic Nitrate. AgNOQ. Lunar Caustic. The British Pharmacopoeia gives the following directions for preparing this: Take of Purified Silver... 3 ounces; Nitric Acid.... 2, fluid ounces; Distilled Water... 5 fluid ounces. HOMIE OPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 69 Add the Nitric Acid and the water to the Silver in a flask, and apply a gentle heat till the metal is dissolved. Decant the clear liquor from any black powder which may be present, into a porcelain dish, evaporate, and set aside to crystallise; pour off the liquor, and again evaporate and crystallise. Let the crystals drain in a glass funnel, and dry them by exposure to the air, carefully avoiding the contact of all organic substances. Characters and Tests.-In colourless tabular crystals, the primary form of which is the right rhombic prism; or in white cylindrical rods; soluble in distilled water and in rectified spirit. The solution gives with Hydrochloric Acid a curdy white precipitate, which darkens by exposure to light, and is soluble in solutionof Ammonia. A small fragment heated on charcoal with the blow-pipe, first melts, and then deflagrates; leaving behind a dull white metallic coating. 10 grains dissolved in 2 fluid drachms of distilled water give with Hydrochloric Acid a precipitate, which, when washed and thoroughly dried, weighs 8"44 grains. The filtrate when evaporated by a water-bath leaves no residue. Preparation.-A solution of 1 in 10 in distilled water; and for dilution continue to use distilled water up to 3, then use dilute alcohol for 4, and afterwards rectified spirit. The salt ought not to be prepared as a trituration, on account of its action on organic matter. Reference to Horn. Proving.--R. A. M. L., iv. (Est. Ztsch. f. Horn., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.--Below 3, watery Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other compounds of Silver. 70 HIOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. ARGENTUM AMMONIO-CHLORIDUM. This is a solution of Argentic Chloride in excess of Ammonia. A notice of it occurs in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Preparation.-Solution in-distilled water. ARGENTUM MURIATICUM. Present name.-Argentic Chloride. AgCl. A white powder, prepared by precipitating Argentic Nitrate with Hydrochloric Acid, washing carefully, and drying, both of which processes must be done in the dark or in yellow light, to prevent the substance becoming dark-coloured. No proving of this has yet been published, but an account of its use is given in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Preparation.-Trituration, which must be kept in the dark. ARGENTUM HYDROCYANICUM. Present name.-Argentic Cyanide. AgCN. Prepared by precipitating a solution of Argentic Nitrate by Potassic Cyanide, and washing the precipitate with the same precautions as those named under Argentic Chloride. It is a white powder. No proving has been made, but there is a notice of its effects in Marcy and Peters' New Mat..Med. Preparation.-Trituration, which must be kept in the dark. ARGENTUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Argentic Iodide. AgT. Prepared by precipitating a solution of Argentic Nitrate by Iodide of Potassium. It is a bright yellow powder, in the washing and drying of which the same precautions must be taken as in the case of Argentic Chloride. No proving of this has been published, but a notice of its use is given in Marcy and Peters' JrNew Mat. Mled. Preparatwon.-Trituration, which must be kept in the dark. ARGENTUM OXYDATUM. Present name.-Argentic Hydroxide. AgHO. An olive-brown powder, prepared by precipitating a solution of Argentic Nitrate with Lime-water, washing the precipitate carefully, and drying over a vapour bath. No proving HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIIA. 71 of this has been made, but it is admitted into the British Pharmacopoeia as a reliable preparation. Preparation.-Trituration. ARGENTUM PHOSPHORICUM. Present name.-Argentic Phosphate. Ag.PO4. A yellow powder, prepared by precipitating a solution of Argentic Nitrate by Hydrodisodic Phosphate and washing the precipitate with all the precautions already mentioned. The well-known action of both the ingredients of this substance on the nervous system renders it worthy of a careful proving. Preparation.-Trituration, which must be kept in the dark. ARNICA. Arnica Montana. Nat. ord., COMPOSITIE. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 6. Mountain Arnica, Leopard's Bane. For. names: German, Berg Wohlverleih, Fallkraut; French, Arnique des Montagne; Italian, Arnica; Spanish, Arnica, Tobaco de Montana. Habitat.--Mountainous parts of middle and Southern Europe. Flowering time.-July and August. Parts employed.-Sometimes the entire fresh plant, but generally the dried rhizome and rootlets. Characters.-Rhizome from 1 to 3 inches long and 2 or 3 lines thick, cylindrical, contorted, rough from the scars of coriaceous leaves, and furnished with numerous long slender fibres; has a peppery taste and peculiar odour. Leaves ovate, entire, sessile on the crown of the root.,Stem 6 to 7 inches high, round, and unbranched, rising from the centre of the crown of leaves. Flowers large, rayed, and of a beautiful 72 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. yellow. Fruit a hairy pappus. Involucre consisting of two rows of scales. N.B.-The root soon loses some of its virtues by exposure to air; it should therefore be always kept in tightly closed barrels or boxes. Preparations.-1. Tincture of fresh plant made in its native country, using proof spirit. 2. Tincture of dried flowers only, using proof spirit. 3. Tincture of the dry root, using proof spirit. Reference to Proving.-Hahnemann's R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ARSENICUM ALBUM. Present name.--Arsenious Acid. As2O3. It may be obtained pure from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A fine white powder, of a slightly sweetish taste and no smell. Heated in a dry tube it is entirely converted into vapour and is deposited on the cooler part of the tube as a white crystalline powder. Heated with charcoal it emits a strong garlic odour. It dissolves in Hydrochloric Acid and the solution gives the following precipitates. With Hydrosulphuric Acid it gives a yellow precipitate, soluble in Ammonic Carbonate. In neutral solutions Argentic Nitrate gives a yellow precipitate, easily soluble in weak acids. Preparation.-Hahnemann directs one grain to be mixed with 6 fluid drachms of distilled water, in a glass vessel with a long narrow neck, and boiled until com HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 73 pletely dissolved, adding water from time to time to replace what has been vaporized; 6 fluid drachms of rectified spirit is then to be added, and afterwards dilute alcohol until the whole quantity measures 1000 minims, thus constituting the 3x dilution, after which rectified spirit should be used. If a stronger preparation than 3x is required, it should be made by trituration. N.B.-There is a great difference in the solubility of different preparations of Arsenic, some dissolving by long boiling in less than 100 parts of water; nevertheless it is safer to adhere to Hahnemann's process, and not to attempt to make a liquid preparation stronger than 3x. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. R. A. M. L., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 and 1, Trituration only. 3x, Tincture only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ARSENICUM METALLICUM. Prepared by mixing Arsenious Acid with charcoal and decomposing it at a dull red heat; the oxygen unites with the carbon, and the metallic Arsenic passes off in vapour and is deposited in crystals on the cool part of the apparatus employed, which, when a small quantity only is required, may conveniently consist of a glass tube. Characters and Tests.-A very pale steel-grey metal, of brilliant lustre, crystallizing when sublimed in rhombic octohedrons. The odour of its vapour is powerful, and strongly resembles that of Garlic. In a closed vessel it may be sublimed again and again without change. 74 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-North Amer. Horn. Journ., vol. i. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other compounds of Arsenic: ARSENICTM CITRINUM. Present name. -Arsenious Sesquisulphide. As2S3. Orpiment, King's Yellow. May be prepared by passing Hydrosulphuric Acid through a solution of Arsenious Acid in dilute Hydrochloric Acid, and washing the precipitate thoroughly. Characters and Tests.-A bright yellow powder, insoluble in Hydrochloric Acid, but soluble in Ammonic Sulphide. Soluble in boiling Nitric Acid, with separation of Sulphur. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. ARSENICUM 1ODIDUM. Present name.-Arsenious Iodide. Asly. 'Prepared by direct combination of Metallic Arsenic with Iodine. Characters and Tests.-Brick-red crystalline flakes, soluble in boiling water, giving off violet fumes when boiled with Nitric Acid. Preparation.-Trituration. A notice of the use of this compound, but no provings.appeared in B. J. H., xxvi. ARSENICUM RUBRUTM. Present name.-Arsenic Bisulphide. As2S2. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(E A. 75 Realgar. A native mineral of an orange-red colour, answering to the same tests as Orpiment. Preparation.-Trituration. This is referred to, but no separate proving given, in MJfarcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. ARSENICUM HYDROGENOSUM. Present name.-Trihydride of Arsenic Arseniuretted Hydrogen. AsH3. Prepared by fusing Arsenic with its own weight of granulated Zinc, and decomposing the alloy with strong Hydrochloric Acid. Characters and Tests.-A very poisonous colourless gas, with a strong garlic smell, burning with a blue flame if ignited, depositing metallic Arsenic on the sides of a cool tube held over the flame. Preparation.-Solution in water, which absorbs one fifth of its volume, or the gas may be inhaled much diluted with air. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. ARSENITE OF POTASS. Present name.-Tripotassic Arsenite. K3AsO3. Preparation.-A solution in water, known as Liquor Arsenicalis in the British Pharmacopoeia, called also Fowler's Solution. It has not been proved, but has been found to act similarly to Arsenicum, and is considered by some as a convenient form when 1 is given. The Liquor Arsenicalis contains 4 grains of Arsenious Acid to 1 fluid ounce, and hence it may be considered as 1. ARSENIATE OF SODA. Present name. - Hydrodisodic Arseniate. Na2HAsO4, 12H20. May be prepared by adding Sodic Carbonate to a hot solution of Arsenic Acid and allowing it to crystallize on evaporation. No proving of this has been made, but it has been found useful in certain forms of scrofula. Preparation.-Solution in water up to 2, using dilute alcohol for 3 and afterwards rectified spirit. 76 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. ARUM MACULATUM. Arum Maculatum. Nat. ord., ARACE.E. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1298. Cuckoo-pint, Wake Robin, Lords and Ladies. For. names: German, Geflecter Aron, Aronswurzel; French, Gonet, Pied de Veau. Habitat.-In woods and thickets and under hedges, chiefly in central Europe, frequent in England and Ireland. Flowering time.-Spring. Parts employed.-The fresh root Characters.-An acrid white tuber, brownish-yellow externally, having an acrid biting taste like pepper, and abundance of milky juice. It should always be procured with the herbaceous part attached, as it is otherwise difficult to identify. Time for collecting.-Before the leaves are fully developed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xiii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ASAF(ETIDA. Narthex Assafoetida. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFERE. Synonyms.-Ferula Asafoetida. F. Persica. Asafcetida disgunensis. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 77 Fig.-Flor. Horn., p. 7. Asafoetida. For. names: German, Stinkasant, Stechenkraut, Teufil's Dreck; French, Asafetida; Italian, Assafa?tida, Zaffetica; Spanish, Asa-fetida. Habitat.-Afghanistan and the Punjaub. Parts employed.-The gum-resin, obtained by incision from the living root. COaracters.-In irregular masses, partly composed of tears, moist or dry. Colour, when fresh broken, opaque white, becoming purplish-pink, and ultimately dull yellow or pinkishbrown. Taste bitter acrid. Smell foetid, alliaceous. Time for collecting.-In spring, from plants about four years old, before the growth of the flowering stem. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-JSrg., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ASARUM. Asarum Europeum. Nat. ord., ARISTOLOCHIE. Synonym.-Asarum vulgare. Fip.-Flor. Hom., pl. 8. Asarabacca, Fole's Foot, Hazelwort, Wild Nard. For. names: German, Haselkraut, Hazelwurz; French, Asaret, Bondelle, Orielle d' Homme; Italian, Asaro. Habitat.-Mountainous woods in most parts of Europe. Flowering time.-May. Parts employed.-The entire plant. 9 78 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Characters.-A short creeping root stock, with two kidneyshaped leaves or long stalks; between them a single greenishbrown flower, about half an inch long, on a short recurved stalk. The leaves, as they fade, emit a peculiar pungent odour. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-O- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ATROPINE and its Salts, vide after BELLADONNA. AURUM METALLICUM. Pure Gold, Gold Leaf. The purest Gold Leaf, freed from all alloy, should be employed. A very excellent trituration can also be made by precipitating metallic Gold from the solution of the bichloride by a solution of Ferrous Sulphate, by which means the metal is obtained in the form of a dark cinnamon-brown colour, which shows a fine metallic lustre under pressure of the pestle. Preparation.-Trituration. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. AURUM MURIATICUM. Present Name.-Auric Chloride, or Trichloride of Gold. AuCl3. HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 79 Prepared by dissolving pure Gold in Aqua Regia, a mixture of Nitric and Hydrochloric Acids. The British Pharmacopoeia gives the following process: Take of Fine Gold, reduced by a rolling60 ais; machine to a thin lamina. Nitric Acid.... 1 fluid ounce; Hydrochloric Acid... 7 fluid ounces; Distilled Water.... A sufficiency. Place the Gold in a flask with the Nitric Acid and 6 fluid ounces of the Hydrochloric Acid, first mixed with 4 fluid ounces of the water, and digest until it is dissolved. Add to the solution the additional fluid ounce of Hydrochloric Acid, evaporate at-a heat not exceeding 212~ until acid vapours cease to be given off, and dissolve the Chloride of Gold thus obtained in 2 fluid ounces and 40 minims (1000 minims) of distilled water, thus forming lx solution, and keep in the dark. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 1, then using dilute alcohol for 2, and rectified spirit beyond 2. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 2, Solution only. 5x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other preparations of Gold: AURUM FULMINANS. Present name.- Auric Nitride? (Au2N)20? This powerful detonating compound, which has not yet been carefully analysed, is made by precipitating a solution of Auric Chloride with Ammonia. It is a reddish-yellow powder, 80 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. which must be washed and cautiously dried at a moderate temperature. This preparation is noticed by Hahnemann in Chr. Kr., ii, but there is no regular proving. Preparation (?).-It cannot be triturated, as it would explode, and it is not soluble. AURUM ET SODA CHLORIDUM. Synonym.-Aurum Muriaticum Natronatum. Present name.-Auri-sodic Chloride. NaCi, AuC13,'2H20. Made by mixing solutions of the Chlorides of G-old and Sodium and crystallization. It is a staple salt, which crystallizes in four-sided prisms. It has not been proved. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. BAPTISIA. Baptisia tinctoria. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOSXE. Synonyms.-Sophora tinctoria, Podalyria tinctoria. Fig.-Bigelow, Fl. Bost., 2nd edit., p. 170. Wild Indigo. Habitat.-Dry hills, Canada to Florida, and west to Mississippi. Flowering time.-July to September. Parts employed.-The bark of the root. Characters.-Stem about 2 feet high, bushy. Leaflets i- to 1 inch long, rounded, and often emarginate at apex. Flowers rather small, yellow. It is said that this plant will yield a considerable quantity of Indigo. Time for collecting.-In early spring, or when the leaf falls in autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. HOMCEOPATHIO PHARMACOPCIiIA. 81 Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Proper forms for dispensing.--p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BARYTA ACETICA. Present name.--Baric Acetate. Ba, 2C2302, 3H2O. Prepared by dissolving Baric Carbonate in dilute Acetic Acid, and crystallizing the salt. Characters and Tests.-A colourless salt, in oblique rhombic prisms, readily soluble in water, the solution giving an immediate white precipitate with a solution of Calcic Sulphate. If the salt itself is acted upon by Sulphuric Acid it emits fumes smelling of vinegar. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 3x, then use dilute alcohol for 2, and after that rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 2, Solution only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BARYTA CARBONICA. Present name.-Baric Carbonate. BaCO:. Prepared by precipitating a soluble of pure Baric Chloride with Ammonic Carbonate, collecting the precipitate on a filter, washing, and carefully drying. Characters and Tests.--A white powder, void of smell and taste, very sparingly soluble in water, but readily dissolved with effervescence by diluted Acetic and Hydrochloric Acid, and forming a colourless solution, which yields an immediate white precipitate with Calcic Sulphate. 6 82 HOMIEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Ch. Kr., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BARYTA MURIATICA. Present name.-Baric Chloride. BaCl2,2H20. Prepared by dissolving Baric Sulphide in dilute Hydrochloric Acid, evaporation, and crystallization. Characters and Tests.-Flat four-sided tabular crystals, very easily dissolved in water, and then yielding the ordinary tests for Baryta and Hydrochloric Acid. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 1, then use dilute alcohol for 2, and after that rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 2, Solution only. 5x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BELLADONNA. Atropa Belladonna. Nat. ord., SOLANACEJE. Synonym.-Solanum maniacum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 9. Deadly Nightshade, Common Dwale. For. names: German, Tollkirsche; French, Belladonne; Italian, Belladonna; Spanish, Belladona. Habitat.- Waste stony places in Southern Europe and West Central Asia. South of England, about old castles and ruins. Flowering lime.-Summer. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 83 Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-An erect, smooth, or slightly downy herb, with perennial root and branching stem. Leaves stalked, rather large, ovate, and entire, with a smaller one usually proceeding from the same point. Flowers solitary, on short peduncles in the forks of the stem or axils of the leaves. Corolla bellshaped, pale purplish-blue, nearly 1 inch long, with five broad short lobes. Fruit a dark, black, shining, berry. Time for collecting.--When beginning to flower, in June. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ATROPINE. Present name.-Atropia. C,7H N03. An alkaloid obtained from Belladonna, especially from the root. The process for preparing it is complex, and the substance is best obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.--Colourless acicular crystals, sparingly soluble in water, more readily in alcohol and in ether. Its solution in water has an alkaline reaction, gives a citron yellow precipitate with Auric Chloride, has a bitter taste, and powerfully dilates the pupil. It leaves no ash when burned with free access of air. It is an active poison. Preparation.- Trituration, or solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Homop. Klinik, Jahrg, 1855. Proper forms for dispensing.-3x and uipwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 84 HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOP(EIA. ATROPIAE SULPHAS. Present name.-Atropic Sulphate. C17H23NS06? The British Pharmacopoeia directs this to be prepared as follows: Take of Atropia.... 120 grains; Distilled Water... 4 fluid drachms; Diluted Sulphuric Acid.. A sufficiency. Mix the Atropia with the water and add the acid gradually, stirring them together until the alkaloid is dissolved and the solution is neutral. Evaporate it to dryness at a temperature not exceeding 100~. Characters and Tests.-A colourless powder, soluble in water, forming a solution which is neutral to test paper, and when applied to the eye dilates the pupil as the solution of Atropia does. It leaves no ash when burned with free access of air. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 1, then use dilute alcohol up to 3x, and after that use rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Brit. Journ. of Hom., vol. xv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1 and 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BERBERIS. Berberis vulgaris. Nat. ord., BERBERIDACEIE. Synonyms.-Berberis dumetorum, Spina acida. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 10. Common Barberry, Pipperidge-bush. For. names: HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 85 German, Sauerdorn; French, L'Epine vinette; Italian, Crespino; Spanish, Berberis. Habitat.-Hedges, thickets, and open woods, over the greater part of Europe. Flowering time.-Spring or early summer. Parts employed.-Small branches of the root, or the bark of the larger roots. Characters.-A smooth pale green shrub, 6 or 8 feet high. Branches arched and hanging at the ends, furnished with three lobed thorns at the base of the tufts of leaves. Leaves alternate or clustered, ovate, sharply toothed. Flowers yellow, in elegant drooping racemes. Fruit small, oblong, red, berries containing two or three seeds. Time for collecting.--Autumn, when the leaves are falling. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof'spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Journ. fiir A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BISMUTHUM. Present name.-Bismuth Subnitrate. Bi2,O, 2HN03. The British Pharmacopoeia gives the following process for preparing this: Take of Purified Bismuth, in small pieces. 2 ounces; Nitric Acid..... 4 fluid ounces; Distilled Water.... A sufficiency. Mix the Nitric Acid with 3 ounces of distilled water, and add the Bismuth in successive portions. When 86 H ()OM.EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. effervescence has ceased apply for ten minutes a heat approaching that of ebullition, and decant the solution from any insoluble matter that may be present. Evaporate the solution until it is reduced to 2 fluid ounces, and pour it into half a gallon of distilled water. When the precipitate which forms has subsided, decant the supernatant liquid, add half a gallon of distilled water to the precipitate, stir tlem well together, and after two hours decant off the liquid, collect and drain the precipitate in a calico filter, press it with the hands, and dry it at a temperature not exceeding 150~. Characters and Tests.-A heavy white powder in minute crystalline scales, blackened by Sulpburetted Hydrogen; insoluble in water, but soluble in Nitric Acid mixed with half its volume of distilled water, forming a solution which poured into water gives a white precipitate. It forms with Sulphuric Acid diluted with an equal bulk of water a solution which is blackened by Sulphate of Iron. The Nitric Acid solution gives no precipitate with diluted Sulphuric Acid nor with solution of Nitrate of Silver. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. Proper forms for dispensing.-lx to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BORAX. Present name.-Sodic Biborate, Acid Borate of Sodium. Na,2140710HLO. It may be prepared pure by boiling together in atomic proportions Boracic Acid and Sodic Carbonate. It is, however, usually made by purifying the native salt Tincal by repeated crystallization. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMAACOPOEIA. 87 Characters and Tests.-In transparent colourless crystals, sometimes slightly effloresced, with a weak alkaline reaction; insoluble in rectified spirit, soluble in water. A hot saturated solution, when acidulated with any of the mineral acids, lets fall, as it cools, a scaly crystalline deposit (Boracic Acid), the solution of which in spirit burns with a green flame. 191 grains dissolved in 10 fluid ounces of distilled water require for saturation 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. Preparation.-Trituration for 1l. Solution in distilled water for 1 and 3x, dilute alcohol for 2. Rectified spirit for 3 and upwards. Proper forms for dispensing.-l Trituration only. 1 to 5x, Solution only. 3 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ACIDUM BORACICOUM. Present name.-Crystallized Boric Acid. HBO,HO. This is prepared by adding any of the mineral acids to a hot saturated solution of Sodic Biborate. It is deposited in crystalline scales on cooling. Test.-A solution in alcohol burns with a green flame. This has not been proved, but is noticed in B. J. H., vol. ii. Preparation.-Solution in alcohol. BOVISTA. Lycoperdon bovista. Nat. ord., FUNGI. Synonyms.-Lycoperdon globosum, Bovista nigrescens, Fungus ovatus. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 11. Puff-ball, Mollypuf, Puff-fist. For. names: German, 88 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Rauchpilz, Kugelechwamm; French, Boviste, Vesse loup; Italian, Licoperdo; Spanish, Licoperdo. Habitat.-On dry meadows and downs in most parts of Europe. Parts employed.-The entire fungus. CT4aracters.-Smooth globose, soft and yellowish-white when young, becoming yellow and then brown. Filled with a white cottony substance, which becomes brown, and contains when ripe an immense quantity of. extremely fine brown-black powder. Time for collecting.-August and September. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartlaub and Trinks, iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BROMIUM. This will seldom be prepared on the small scale, it can be so readily purchased from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests. -A dark brownish-red, very volatile liquid, with a strong and disagreeable odour. Its specific gravity is 2-966. At the common temperature of the air it gives off red vapours, and at a temperature of 1170 it boils. Agitated with solution of Soda in such proportion that the fluid remains very slightly alkaline, it forms a colourless liquid, w hich, if coloured by the farther addition of a small quantity of the Bromine, does not become blue on the subsequent addition of a cold solution of starch. Preparation.-Pure Bromine should be kept under water in well-stoppered bottles, and the low attenuations should HOM, EOPATHIC PHARMAOOPUOIA. 89 always be made fresh as required, using distilled water. The higher attenuations above 3x may be made with rectified spirit. Reference to Hor. Proving.-N. Arch., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1 to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BRUCEA ANTIDYSENTERICA. Synonym.- Augustura spuria. Nat. ord., SIMARUBACEE. There seems to be great obscurity respecting the source of the poisonous false Angustura bark, which was the substance proved and published in Stapf's Archives, xiv; so that the name is only retained provisionally until the true source of the bark is accurately determined. Some assert it to be the bark of Strychnos Nux Vomica. Characters and Tests.-Flat pieces, or incomplete quills, from 2 to 8 inches long, externally of a dirty greyish-yellow ground with numerous irregular prominent spots or tubercles of a lighter grey colour. Distinguished from Angustura vera by the transverse fracture becoming bright red when touched with Nitric Acid. The rusty specks become deep bluish-green when touched with the same acid. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Arch., xiv. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. BRYONIA. Bryonia alba and dioica. Nat. ord., CUCURBITACEAE. Synonyms.-Vitis nigra, Bryonia vera. 90 HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Fig.-FlQra Hom., pl. 12. White Bryony, Wild Hops. For. names: German, Zaunriibe; French, Coulevre; Italian, Vita bianca; Spanish, Neuza alba. Habitat.-B. alba, common in Germany and France; B. dioica, common in England, in hedges and thickets. Flowering time.-June and July. Parts employed.-The fresh root. Characters.-A large, fleshy, succulent, branched root-stock, of yellowish-white colour, with circular wrinkles; having an acrid, bitter, disagreeable taste and nauseating odour. Care must be taken not to mistake the root of the Tamus Communis for this, as they are very similar. For security's sake the root should never be gathered without the bine attached, so that it may be identified. Time for collecting.-Before the plant flowers. N.B.-After much consideration the two species of Bryonia are recorded as officinal, since, while it is no doubt true that Hahnemann used Bryonia alba, yet a large quantity of Bry. dioica has been prepared and used in this country, and the action is so similar to the alba that few, if any, practitioners can detect the difference. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. (Est. Zeitschr. f. Hor., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 92 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Parts employed.-The fresh herb or the fresh root. Characters.-Stem round, naked, 4 or 5 feet high, green, abounding with milky juice. Leaves amplexicaul, ovoid, smooth, and pointed. The juice makes an indelible stain on linen, and is exceedingly acrid and poisonous. Time for collecting.-The roots when the plant is shooting in spring. The herb when flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xi. N. Arch., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CALCAREA ACETICA. Present name.-Calcic Acetate. Ca2C2H302. The substance used by Hahnemann in his proving was an impure Acetate prepared in the following manner: Boil oyster shells for an hour in water, then, having bruised them with a wooden mallet, dissolve them in dilute Acetic Acid (B. P.) by heating up to the boiling-point and continuing the process till the vinegar is saturated, then filter and reduce to one fifth by evaporation. The solution is deep yellow, and after a time precipitates a quantity of brownish mucilage. After this, precipitation has taken place mix with an equal bulk of rectified spirit and again filter. Preparation.-The above, if carefully prepared, will contain about 10 per cent. of Calcic Acetate, and hence may be considered Px. Rectified spirit should be used for the attenuations. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 93 Proper forms for dispensing.-1x Solution only. 1 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CALCAREA CARBONICA. Present name.-Calcic Carbonate. CaC03. Here also Hahnemann employed the impure Carbonate as it exists in the oyster shell. Bruise a tolerably thick oyster shell, and before powdering it select the snow-white portion which exists between the inner and the outer surface, and reduce it to a fine powder. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only, 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CALCAREA CAUSTICA. Present name.-Calcic Hydrate. CaHO2. This is directed to be prepared as follows:-Put 1 ounce of quicklime (this is best prepared by burning Carrara marble in a covered crucible) into a warm bottle, and pour over it 5 fluid ounces of distilled water. After,the lime is slaked, shake it frequently, and then add 5 fluid ounces of rectified spirit. Allow to macerate for some days, and then decant off the clear fluid and preserve it in well-corked phials. Preparation.-The above solution will not exceed the strength of 3x, and the attenuations may be made from it with rectified spirit. 94 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hyg., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CALCAREA PHOSPHORICA. Present name.-Calcic Phosphate. Ca4H, 3PO4. The preparation used in the proving was made by precipitation from lime water, by adding Phosphoric Acid, drop by drop, so as to avoid redissolving the precipitate, and forming the superphosphate. Collect the precipitate, wash and dry it carefully. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving. -N. Arch., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other salts of Lime: CALOAREA ARSENICA. Present name.-Tricalcic Diarseniate. Ca32AsO4. Dr. Hering, of Philadelphia, recommended this twenty years ago for epilepsy, and more recently it has been used as a cardiac tonic. No reference to any proving has been found. Preparation.-Trituration. CALX OHLORINATA. Chloride of Lime, Bleaching Powder. CaOC12. This well-known substance has not been regularly proved, but is strongly recommended by Dr. Neidhardt in diphtheria. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. CALOAREA FLUORICA. Present name.-Calcic Fluoride, Fluor Spar. CaF2. 96 9HOMCEOPATHIO PHARMACOPCEIA. Parts employed.-The leaves and flowers. Characters.-A well-known garden annual. Short, bushy, pale green herb, stem and leaves pubescent. Leaves, lower and middle oval and blunt, upper ones lance-shaped. Flowers gold-coloured, radiated, growing from the ends of the branches. Time for collecting.-Summer. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Pfoving.-Arch., xvii. Allg. Horn. Zeit., xxi. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CAMPHOR. Camphora officinarum. Nat. ord., LAURIACEE. Synonyms.-Dryobalanops Camphora, Laurus Camphora. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 14. Camphor. For. names: German, Kampher; French, Camphre; Italian, Canfora; Spanish, Alcanfor. Habitat.-China and Japan. Parts employed.-The concrete volatile oil, obtained from the wood, and imported in a crude state; purified by sublimation. Characters. - White, translucent, tough, and crystalline, with a well-known penetrating odour. Taste pungent, followed by a sensation of cold. It floats on water. N.B.-The strength of Spirit of Camphor, used in the treatment of cholera, has'varied. Hahnemann suggested 1 part of Camphor dissolved in 12 parts of spirit. Dr. HOMNEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 97 Quin used 1 in 6, while Dr. Rubini employed a saturated solution containing nearly 50 per cent. In ordering Camphor 0 it will be necessary to specify the strength required, since, if not otherwise noted, the chemist will naturally give the usual strength of 1 in 10. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CANNABIS. Cannabis sativa. Nat. ord., URTICACEA. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 15. Hemp. For. names: German, Die Hanf; French, Le Chanvre; Italian, Canna; Spanish, Cana. Habitat.-India and Persia. Cultivated extensively in Russia, France, and Italy. Flowering time.-Early autumn. Parts employed.-The male and female flowering tops of the cultivated plant. Characters.-Stem 6 to 8 feet high. Leaves petioled, stipulate, digitate, opposite. Leaflets 5 to 7, lanceolate. Flowers, male, in small loose racemes at the ends of the stem and branches. Female, axillary, solitary, very small. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 7 98 HOM-EOPATHIC PIHARMACOP(EIA. CANNABIS INDICA Hachshish. Nat. ord., URTICACEA. There seems to be no botanical difference between C. Indica and C. sativa, but the physiological action of the latter has been materially modified by cultivation and growth in a mild climate. The substance used in the fragmentary provings of this drug was the resin of the Indian Hemp, prepared from the imported Gunjah, or dried flowering Hemp, and often called in the shops Cannabin. The process for preparing it is complex and troublesome, and the article can be readily obtained pure from the manufacturing chemists. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Brit. Jour. of Hom., xvii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CANTHARIS. Cantharis vesicatoria, Spanish Fly. Class, INSECTA; Order, COLEOPTERA; Sec., HETEROMERA; Fam., CANTHARIDLE. Part employed.-The entire beetle, dried, as imported, chiefly from Hungary. Characters and Tests.-From 8 to 10 lines long, furnished with two wing-covers of a shining metallic-green colour, under which are two membranous transparent wings; odour strong and disagreeable; powder greyish-brown, containing shining green particles. Free from mites. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xiii. Hartlaub and Trinks. HOMIEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 99 Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1 Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CAPSICUM. Capsicum annuum. Nat. ord., SOLANACE^E. Synonyms.-Piper Indicum vulgatissimuin. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 16. Capsicum, Chilly, Cayenne Pepper. For. names: German, Spainsher Pfeffer; French, Poivre d'Inde, Poivre d'Espagne; Italian, Pepe de.Guinea, Peperone; Spanish, Pimentero annua, Pimiento da Indias. Habitat.-East and West Indies and South America. Parts employed.-The dry capsules and seeds. Characters.-Pods from 2 to 3 inches long, smooth, shining, bright scarlet, orange or yellow; with 2 or 3 cells containing dry, loose pulp, and numerous flat, kidney-shaped, yellowishwhite seeds. Time for collecting.-When the seeds are ripe. Preparation.-Using rectified spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. Proper forms for dispensing.--O and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CARBO ANIMALIS. Animal Charcoal. The preparation used by Hahnemann in his provings, and which ought, therefore, to be preferred to all others, was made as follows:-Place a thick piece of ox-hide 100 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP0EIA. leather on red-hot coals, and leave it there so long as it burns with a flame. As soon, however, as the flame ceases, lift off the red-hot mass, and extinguish it by pressing between two flat stones. This will, of course, contain several substances besides carbon, which, however, cannot interfere with its action, seeing- that one ox-hide is not likely to differ materially from another. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CARBO VEGETABILIS. Vegetable Charcoal. Hahnemann assures us that well-prepared Charcoal acts in the same manner, irrespective of the source from which it is made. He himself used that made from birch wood, while others who assisted him employed the Charcoal of red beech. Select a piece of Charcoal, brittle, of a fine black colour, and retaining the form of the wood from which it has been prepared, and which, on being ignited, does not emit smoke or any unpleasant smell. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 101 CASTOREUM. Castor Fiber. The Beaver. Class, MAMMALIA; Order, RODENTIA; Fam., MURIDE; Sub-fam., CASTORINA. The substance used in medicine is the secretion of the preputial sacs of the beaver of both sexes. Castor is imported from Russia and America; that usually found in this country comes from the Hudson's Bay territory. Characters.-Follicles in pairs, about 3 inches long, figshaped, firm, and heavy, brown or greyish-black; containing a dry resinous reddish-brown or brown highly odorous secretion, in great part soluble in rectified spirit, and in ether. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Ann. d. Hom. Klin. iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-O- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CAULOPHYLLUM. Caulophyllum thalictroides. Nat. ord., BERBERIDACEAE. Synonyms.-Leontice thalictroides. Fig.-R. Brown in Linnean Transact., 12, p. 145, t. 7. Blue Cohosh. Squaw Root? For. names: German, Das Lowenblatt; French, La Leontice. Habitat.-Woods. Canada to N. Carolina and Kentucky. Flowering time.-April. Part employed.-The root. Characters.-Glaucous when young. Stem simple, 1 to 2 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. feet high. Leaflets ovate, oblique, subeuneiform at base. Panicle small, racemose. Flowers, greenish-yellow. Seeds, large, deep blue when ripe. The roasted seeds have been used as a substitute for coffee. Time for collecting.-Early in the season when growth begins. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1 Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CAUSTICUM. Synonym.-Tinctura acris sine kali. This is a preparation peculiar to Homoeopathy, and hence must be prepared exactly according to HIahnemann's directions, which are as follows: "Take a piece of recently burnt lime, weighing about 2 pounds, immerse it for a minute into a vessel full of distilled water, and then lay it into a dry cup, where it soon becomes pulverised, giving out much heat and a peculiar odour, called the vapour of lime. Of this fine powder you take 2 ounces, place it in the mortar which had been previously warmed, and then.mix it with a solution of two ounces of the bisulphate of potash in two ounces of boiling hot water, the potash, before being dissolved, having been exposed to a red heat, melted, cooled again, and then pulverised. This thickish preparation is inserted into a retort, to the open end of which the receiver, which ought to be dipped in water to half its height, is hermetically fastened. The liquid is distilled over by gradually approach HOMIEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 103 ing a coal fire to the retort, and until the preparation is perfectly dry. The liquid in the receiver is about one ounce and a half, as clear as water, and containing the causticum in a concentrated form, which smells like the lye obtained from potash, and has an astringent and burning taste on the back part of the tongue. Its freezing point is below that of water; it promotes the putrefaction of animal substances which are placed into it; with the salts of baryta it gives out no trace of sulphuric acid, nor any trace of lime-earth with the oxalate of ammonium." It will be observed that Hahnemann says nothing about the presence or absence of Potass; he merely says that neither Sulphuric Acid nor Lime are to be found in it when properly prepared. In the 24th vol. of the British Journal of Homoeopathy there is a paper by Dr. Black, wherein he states that all the specimens he had analysed were found to contain Potass, and in fact he believes that it is a very weak solution of Potassic Hydrate, and he proposes that this should be substituted for Causticum in future. It might be well worth while to prove Potassic Hydrate, and ascertain whether its effects corresponded with those of Causticum, and if found to do so, the one could be substituted for the other, but until such proving shall have been made it is much safer to adhere to Hahnemann's preparation, especially when prescribing the high dilutions. Preparation.-Attenuations should be made with rectified spirit. What is called mother tincture, however, in this case is of unknown strength. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.--< Tincture only. 1x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 104 104 (E1(QOPATJIIC PJARiMACOKCEJA. CEDRON. This has been proved by Dr. Teste, but he has been unable to identify the tree of which it is the fruit. He states that it grows in America, and that the fruit has the following characters: "The fruit is about the size of a cashew nut, has an angular irregularly prismatic shape, is externally blackish and rough, internally of a dingy yellow colour, and so hard that it has to be scraped; it is inodorous, and excessively bitter." The fruit was imported from Panama. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Teste's Materia Medica. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CHAMOMILLA. Matricaria chamomilla. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Synonyms.-Chamcemelum vulgare, Chamomilla nostras, Leucanthemum. Fig.- Flora Hom., pl. 17. Wild Chamomile, Bitter Chamomile, Corn Fever-few. For. names: German, Feld-Kamilla, Mutter-Kraut; French, Camomille commun; Italian, Matricaria; Spanish, [Matricaria. Habitat.-Most parts of Europe, in corn fields, waste grounds, and roadsides. Flowering time.-From May to August. Parts employed.-The whole plant. Characters.-Very similar to the well-known Common HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 105 Oh7amomile (Anthemis nobilis), but distinguished from it by having no scales on the receptacle. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proviny.-R. A. M. L., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1 Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CHELIDONIUM. Chelidonium majus. Nat. ord., PAPAVERACEiE. Synonyms.--Papaver corniculatum luteum. Fig.-English Botany, i, 1581. Common Celandine. For. names: German, Schellkraut, Goldwurz; French, Eclaire; Italian, Cirigogna; Spanish, Celidonia. Habitat.-In waste places, especially near towns and villages, all over Europe, America, and the corresponding parts of Asia. Flowering time.--Spring. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-About 2 feet high, slightly hairy, brittle, full of yellow fcetid juice. Leaves pinnate, with about 5 decurrent segments which are broadly ovate, lobed, and crenated, sometimes jagged. Flowers in long-stalked umbels, yellow, rather small. Sepals glabrous. Pod long, somewhat turgid. Time for collecting.-At the beginning of flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. Brit. Journ. of Hom., xxiii, xxiv. 106 HOMiEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CHINA. Cinchona officinalis. Nat. ord., CINCHONACEJE. Synonyms.- Cinchona corona, C. cinerea, C. flava, C. rubra. Fig.--Flora Horn., pl. 18. Peruvian Bark. For. names: German, China; French, Quinquina; Italian, China-china; Spanish, Guina. Habitat.-South America. Parts employed.-The dried bark. Characters.- Yellow bark. In flat pieces, deprived of periderm, rarely in coated quills, from 6 to 18 inches long, 1 to 3 inches wide, 2 to 4 lines thick, compact and heavy; outer surface brown, marked with broad, shallow, irregular longitudinal depressions; inner surface tawny yellow, fibrous; transverse fracture shortly and finely fibrous. Powder cinnamon brown, somewhat aromatic, persistently bitter. Time for collecting.-May till November. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Homr. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CHININUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.- Quinia Sulphate. (C2oH2NoO2) 2, H2S04,7H,O. This is prepared in large quantities by the manufactur HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPUEIA. 107 ing chemists, and is best obtained from them. Its purity, however, should be ascertained by the following Characters and Tests.-Filiform silky snow-white crystals, of a pure intensely bitter taste, sparingly soluble in water, yet imparting to it a peculiar bluish tint. The solution gives with chloride of barium a white precipitate insoluble in nitric acid, and when treated first with solution of chlorine and afterwards with ammonia it becomes of a splendid emerald-green colour. Dissolves in pure sulphuric acid with a feeble yellowish tint, and undergoes no further change of colour when gently warmed. Ten grains with ten minims of diluted sulphuric acid and half a fluid ounce of water form a perfect solution, from which ammonia throws down a white precipitate. This redissolves on agitating the whole with half a fluid ounce of ether, without the production of any crystalline matter floating on the lower of the two strata, into which the agitated fluid separates on rest. 25 grains of the salt should lose 3'6 grains of water by drying at 212~. Preparation.-Trituration for P and 1 unless Sulphuric Acid is added in excess. A solution of 1 in 15 can be made by adding a few drops of dilute Sulphuric Acid. Dilute alcohol may be used after 2, and rectified spirit after 3. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Journ. fir Arzn., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 2, Trituration or Solution only. 5x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CINCHONINUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.-Cinchonia Sulphate. (C.,0H,4N0)2 H2SO42H20. It is also best obtained from the manufacturing chemists. 108 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Characters and Tests.--White prismatic crystals, which fuse when heated, and yield a fine red colouring matter, and an aromatic odour. The solution gives a precipitate with Baric Nitrate, and also with excess of Ammonia, which latter precipitate is not dissolved by Ether. Preparation.--Solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving. Hyg., 16. Proper forms for dispensing.--< and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other Salts of Quinia. CHININUM ARSENICUM. Present name.-Triquinia Arseniate 3 (C2oH24N202) 2 As3O4 21120. This may be prepared by directly combining pure Quinine and Arsenic Acid. It has not been proved. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. CHININUM HYDROCYANICUM. Present name.-Quinia Hydrocyanate. C20H2N202 2HCN. This may also be prepared by direct union of its acid and base. There is no regular proving extant. It was at one time a favourite remedy for intermittents, and considered to be more powerful than the Sulphate. It is an unstable salt in solution. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. CHININUM MURIATICUKM. Present name.-Quinia Hydrochloride. C20H,4N2,, 2HC1. Prepared by mixing hot solutions of Baric Chloride and Quinia Sulphate, and filtering, while still hot, to separate the Baric Sulphate, and setting aside to crystallize. This has several advantages over the Sulphate, being more soluble and more stable, and not likely to become mouldy on keeping. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 109 Characters and Tests.-It consists of white silky needles, soluble in 50 parts of water without the aid of any acid, and its solution answers to the tests for Hydrochloric Acid and Quinine. It has not been regularly proved. Preparation.-Solution in water for 1, but 1x must be a trituration. CHININUM PHosPHORICUM. Present name. - Triquinia Phosphate. 3 (C20H24N202) 2PHa042HI20. Made by neutralizing Phosphoric Acid by Quinia, and crystallizing it. It has not been proved. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. CICUTA. Cicuta Virosa. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFERE. Synonyms.-Cicuta aquatica, Sium niajus angustifolium. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 20. Poisonous Cowbane. Long-leaved Water-hemlock. For. names: German, Der Wiitherich; French, Cigue vireuse, Cicutaire ve'ne'neuse; Italian, Cicuta virosa. Habitat. - In wet ditches in Northern and Central Europe, and North America. Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-The fresh root. Characters.-Thick, white, fleshy, elongated, full of hairs, and hollow, containing a yellow juice, with a strong disagreeable odour, and an acrid caustic taste. It should not be collected without the entire plant, since the leaves, stem, &c., are necessary for accurate identification. 110 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Time for collecting.-At the beginning of flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1 only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CIMICIFUGA. Vide ACTIEA. CINA. Artemisia Contra. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Synonyms.-Artemisia santonica, Semen contra. Fig.-Flora Hom., 19. Wormseed. Tartarian Southernwood. For. names: German, Zittersaam Wurmsaame; French, Barbotine, Graine de Zedoaria; Italian, Seme-sanuto. Habitat.-Asia Minor, the Levant, Africa, Persia. Parts employed.-Unexpanded flower-heads as imported. Characters.-Flower-heads rather more than a line in length, and half a line in breadth, fusiform, blunt at each end, pale greenish-brown, smooth; resembling seeds in appearance, but consisted of imbricated involucral scales, with a green midrib, enclosing four or five tubular flowers; odour strong, taste bitter, camphoraceous. Flower-heads not round or hairy. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit, or trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CINRNABAR. Vide MERCURIUS. 112 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMIXACOP(EIA. Rock-rose, Frostwort. For. names: German, Das Cisten roschen Canad.; French, Le Ciste Canade; Italian, Cistro; Spanish, Jara. Habitat.-In dry sandy soils; Canada to Florida. " Flowering time-June to September; April in the Southern States. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Stem at first simple. Flowers, the primary or terminal, large and petaliferous, few or solitary, on peduncles scarcely larger than the flower; the secondary, axillary, very small, nearly sessile, solitary or somewhat clustered on leafy branches. Leaves oblong, or somewhat lanceolate. Time for collecting.-When in flower and seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hering's New Provings, Philadelph., 1866. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CLEMATIS. Clematis erecta. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEAE. Synonym.-Flammula jovis. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 21. Upright Virgin's Bower. For. names: German, Bren Waldrebe; French, Clematide deorte; Italian, Clematite; Spanish, Clematide. Habitat.-South of France, Spain, Switzerland, &c. Flowering time.-July and August. Parts employed.-Leaves and stems. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 113 Characters.-Stem 3 feet high, leafy, striated, herbaceous, greenish or reddish. Leaves large opposite; leaflets 5 to 9 pubescent underneath, petioled. Flowers white, in upright stiff terminal umbels. Peduncles several times ternate. Seeds dark brown, smooth, orbicular, much compressed; tails long, yellowish, plumose. Time for collecting.-When beginning to flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. COCCULUS. Anamirta Cocculus. Nat. ord., MENISPERMACEAE. Synonyms.-Menispermum Cocculus, Cocculus Indicus. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 22. Cocculus Indicus plant. For. names: German, Kokkels Korner, Fisch Kirner; French, Coque du Levant. Habitat.-Coast of Malabar, and the India Archipelago. Parts employed.-The berries. Characters.-Inodorous, spherical, of a blackish-brown, size of a small pea, wrinkled, resembling laurel berries. The bitter, yellowish kernel does not entirely fill the cavity in the Berry, by which character it may be distinguished from laurel berries. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 8 114 HOM4EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. COCCUS CACTI. Class, INSECTA. Order, HOMOPTERA. Section, MONOMERA. Family, COCCIDIE. Cochineal. For. names: German, Nopal-schildlaus; French, Cochenille; Italian, Cocciniglia; Spanish, Cochinilla. Habitat.-A native of Mexico and Teneriffe. Parts employed.-The entire female insect, dried, as imported. Characters.-Ovate, piano-convex, about 2 lines long, wrinkled, black or greyish white; yields, when crushed, a puce-coloured powder. The greyish-white specimens quickly become black when warmed before the fire, Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-CUst. Ztsch. f. Hom. iy. Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilnles, or Glob/les. COD(EINE. Vide Orium. COFFEA. Coffea Arabica. Nat. ord., CrNCHONACEME. Synonym.-Jasminum arabicum. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 22. Coffee. For. names: German, Der Kaffebaum; French, 1,e Cqffayer; Italian, II Kaffi!; Spanish, El Cafe. Habitat.-Arabia Felix and Ethiopia. 116 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. COLLINSONIA. Collinsonia Canadensis. Nat. ord., LABIATIE. Synonym.-Collinson scrotina. Fig.-Rafin. Med., 23. Common Horse Weed, Rock Weed, Horse Balm. Habitat.-North America, in moist woods from New England to Michigan and southward. Flowering time.-July to September. Parts employed.-The root. Characters.-Stem smooth, simple, round, straight, 1 to 3 feet high; leaves serrate, with broad teeth, pointed, long petioled, only two or three pairs, these cardate at base, broadly ovate, acuminate, surface smooth, with small veins. Flowers opposite, on long peduncles, with short subulate bracteoles, forming a terminal leafless panicle with branched racemes. Corolla two thirds of an inch long, yellow (exhaling a strong odour like lemons), tubular at base, spreading above in two lips, upper lip very short and notched, lower lobed on the sides and fringed around. Stamens two, long, protruding, filaments filiform, anther oval, style protruding. Seeds often abortive, only one ripening. Root perennial, knotty, depressed, very hard, with many slender fibres. Time for collecting.-In early spring or late autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Trituration only. 3% and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMCDEOPATHIIC1 P1HARIMAUCOEIUA. 117 COLOCYNTH. Citrullus Colocynthis. Nat. ord., CUCURBITACEIE. Synonyms.-Cucumis colocynthis, Colocynthis vulgaris. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 25. Colocynth, Bitter Cucumber, or Bitter Apple. For. names: German, Coloquinte; French, Coloquinta; Italian, Coloquintida; Spanish, Coloquintida. Habitat.-Japan, Cape of Good Hope, Egypt, Turkey, and is cultivated in Spain. Flowering time.-May to August. Parts employed.-The fruit (Pepo) as imported, deprived of the rind. Characters.--Light, spongy, white, or yellowish-white in colour, intensely bitter in taste. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R, A. M. L., vi. (Est. Zeitsch. f. Horn., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CONIUM. Conium maculatum. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFEJRE. Synonyms.--Cicuta vulgaris, Conium major, Coriandrum cicuta. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 26. Common or Spotted Hemlock, Kex, Herb Bennet. 118 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMA-COP(EIA. For. names: German, Geflecte Schierling; French, Grande Cigue; Italian, Cicuta maggiore; Spanish, Ceguda. Habitat.-Widely spread over Europe. On the borders of streams, hedges, and fields. Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-The entire fresh herb. Characters.-A well-known plant distinguished from allied species by the following characters:-Stem smooth, spotted with purplish spots. Leaves, lower ones smooth, dark, glossy green. General involucre consisting of 3 to 7 leaflets, partial involucre 3 leaflets. Fruit with undulated, crenated edges. The plant when bruised bas a disagreeable odour like that of mice. Time for collecting.-When both flower and fruit are present. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CONICINE. Present name.-Conia. C0H15N. Synonyms.-Coniine, Conylia. A volatile oily base, destitute of oxygen, but having a powerful alkaline reaction, obtained by a complicated process from Conium, and hence should by preference be procured from the manufacturing chemists. It has been recommended as a substitute for Conium, but no proving has been instituted. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. COPAIVA. Copaifera multijuga. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOS)E. Synonym.-C. officinalis. Fig.-Hayne, x, 12-23. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP (EIA. 119 Balsam of Copaiva. Habitat.-America, the Brazils, &c. Obtained chiefly from the valley of the Amazon. Part employed.-The oleo-resin. Characters and Tests.-Abouit the consistence of olive oil, light yellow, transparent, with a peculiar odour, and an acrid aromatic taste. Perfectly soluble in an equal volume of Benzol. Does not become gelatinous after having been heated to 2700. Is not fluorescent. Preparation.-Tincture, using absolute alcohol. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CORALLIUM RUBRUM. Class, ZOOPHYTA. Order, ACTINOIDA. Sub-order, ALCYONARIA. Famn., GORGONIADIE. Species, GORGONIA PRECIOSA, Synonym.-Isis nobilis. Red Coral. This is the calcareous structure made by the coral Zoophyte, and which from its beauty is manufactured into ornaments of various kinds. Select the small branched pieces striated externally, and often covered with a white calcareous substance. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xi. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 120 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. CROCUS. Crocus sativus. Nat. ord., IRIDACEAE. Synonyms.-Crocus verus, Crocus Autumnalis. Fig.--Flora Horn., pl. 27. Common Saffron, Crocus. For. names: German, Safran; French, Safran; Italian, Zafferano; Spanish, Azafran. Habitat.-Asia Minor. Flowering time.-September and October. Parts employed.-The dried stigmata as imported. Characters.-Thread-like styles, each terminated by 3 long orange-brown stigmas, broadest at the base. Has a powerful aromatic odour. Rubbed on the wet finger it leaves an intense orange-yellow stain; pressed between folds of blotting paper it leaves no oily stain. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's B. Proper forms for dispensing.--< and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CROTALUS HORRIDUS. Class, REPTILIA. Section, SQUAMATA. Order, OPHIDIA. Sub-order, VIPERINE. Fam., CROTALIDAE. The poison of the Rattlesnake. Characters of the Species.-" Brown,, with a broad brown streak on each side of back of neck, and with brown spots and oblique whole crossbars for leaving lozenge-shaped spots."(Grey., Catalogue of Snakes in British JMuseum.) The venom of this well-known serpent-collected by HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 121 pressing the poison fang upwards against the poison bag in a living specimen, who had been stunned by a blow, and receiving it on sugar-has been carefully proved by Dr Hering, of Philadelphia. Preparation.-It is still undecided as to what is the best method of preserving animal poisons, but at present the balance of opinion is in favour of tincture rather than trituration. It is very probable, however, that rectified spirit and glycerine will prove the best menstruum here, as in the case of Apis. Of course it is impossible to ascertain the exact proportion of dry material to spirit, but it should be counted as 0. In all cases of animal poisons it is strongly recommended that the dilutions should be prepared as soon as possible after the preparation of the original tincture. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Wirkung d. Schl. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit? or glycerine and spirit? Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CROTON. Croton Tiglium. Nat. ord., EUPHORBIACENE. Fig.-Nees von E., 138. Croton oil. Habitat.-Hindostan, Ceylon, the Molucca Isles, and other parts of Asia. Parts employed.-The seeds. Characters.-Seeds, ovato-oblong, somewhat angular, containing within a smooth, thin, dull green shell, a white inodo 122 12 HOMCOPATHIO PHARMACOPREIA. rous kernel which on chewing is at first mild and oleaginous, but soon becomes acrid and burning. Preparation.-Tincture, using absolute alcohol. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch. xix. Hyg. xiii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CUPRUM ACETICUM. Present name.-Cupric Sesquibasic acetate 2(Cu2C2H3O,) CuO,6HO. This is obtained by dissolving Verdegris in diluted pure Acetic Acid, evaporating gently and allowing it to crystallize. Characters and Tests.- Dark green crystals, which gradually attract moisture if exposed to the air, entirely soluble in 13 parts of cold water yielding a deep greenish-blue solution, which becomes quite blue when diluted. The crystals blacken when heated on a knife or slip of glass, and emit the odour of vinegar. The blue solutiongives a black precipitate with Hydrosulphuric Acid and a pale blue precipitate with Ammonia redissolved into a deep blue solution by an excess of the Ammonia. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. N.B.-Triturations of this very soon spoil, and as the crystals are not soluble in 10 parts of water, the strongest solution should be 1 in 20, and then 2 drops will represent 1 drop of lx. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-5x and under, Solution only. 3 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMAEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 123 CUPRUM ARSENICOSUM. Present name.-Hydro-cupric Arsenite CuH,AsO3. This is the well-known Sheele's green, and may be obtained by mixing solutions of Tripotassic Arsenite and Cupric Sulphate, and collecting the green precipitate, washing carefully and drying it. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. CUPRUM METALLICUM. This well-known metal can be best obtained in a state of perfect purity by decomposing a solution of the pure Cupric Sulphate with small clean iron rods. The copper is deposited in fine powder on the rods, which must be scraped from time to time with a wooden spatula. Collect the metallic powder in a stoppered bottle and wash it repeatedly with distilled water, then pour over it a solution of Sodic Hyposulphite, and shake it well for ten minutes, pour off the solution and again wash repeatedly with distilled water, shake out the powder on to filtering paper, and dry it between several folds of the same. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 124 HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOPCETA. CUPRUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.-Cupric Sulphate. Cu,S045H20. Sulphate of Copper. Blue vitriol. May be obtained by heating Sulphuric Acid and Copper together, dissolving the soluble product in hot water, and evaporating the solution until crystallisation takes place on cooling. Characters and Tests.-A blue crystalline salt, in oblique prisms, soluble in water, forming a pale blue solution which strongly reddens litmus. The aqueous solution gives with chloride of barium a white precipitate insoluble in hydrochloric acid, and a maroon-red precipitate with yellow prussiate of potash. If an aqueous solution of the salt be mixed with twice its volume of solution of chlorine, and solution of ammonia be added, the precipitate formed by the first addition of the ammonia will be dissolved by a further and sufficient addition of the alkali, and a violet-blue solution will be produced, leaving nothing undissolved. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x, Trituration only. 1 to 5x, Solution only. 3 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Other preparations of Copper. CUPRUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Hydrated-dibasic Cupric Carbonate Cu,O, 2H20,,Cu,C,03. Obtained by precipitating a solution of Cupric, Sulphate with a solution of Sodic Carbonate. It has the same composition as ilfalachite. This preparation has been admitted into Jahr's and Gruner's Pharmacopoeias, but no proving is referred to. Preparation.-Trituration. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 125 CYCLAMEN. Cyclamen Europoeum. Nat. ord., PRIMULACEME. Synonyms.-C. vernum, C. neopolitanum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 28. Sowbread. For. names: German, Schweinsbrod, Erdschiebe; French, Cyclame, Pain de porceau; Italian, Pan porchino; Spanish, Mazana de puerco. Habitat.-Southern Europe and Western Asia. Cultivated in England, and almost naturalised in some places in south and east of England. Flowering time.-Autumn. Parts employed.-The fresh root. Characters.-Rootstock globular, tuberous, flattened, brown without and whitish within. Leaves all radical on long stalks, heart-shaped, more or less angular and toothed; often purple underneath. Flowers drooping, on long petioles, purplish, sweet scented, corolla spiral over the fruit. As the flowers die the stalk rolls up and carries the capsular berry down to the surface of the earth. Time for collecting.-When the leaves are withering after flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3^ and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 126 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. DAPHNE. Daphne Indica. Nat. ord., THYMELEACEYE. Synonyms.-Daphne odorata, D. Lagetto. Fig.-Hooker, Bot. Beechy, pl. 15. Sweet-scented Spurge-Laurel. For. names: German, Lorbeerbldtteriger Spitzenbast. Habitat.-The West Indies and China. Parts employed.-The bark of the branches. Characters.-A moderately sized branching shrub. Leaves alternate, ovato-cordate, glabrous. Flowers white, richly scented, in terminal bunches of 10 to 15, almost sessile flowers on a common peduncle, furnished with several bracts at its base. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-N. Amer. J. of Horn. Proper forms for dispensing.-q and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. DIGITALIS. Digitalis purpurea. Nat. ord., SCROPHULARIACEE. Synonym.-D. speciosa. Fig.-Flora Hom., 29. Purple Foxglove. For. names: German, Fingerhut Schwulstkraut; French, Gantes Ndtre dame Gantelda; Italian, Digitello; Spanish, Dedalera. Habitat.-Western and Central Europe; many parts -of Great Britain. Flowering time.-Spring and summer. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. 127 Parts employed.-Leaves of two year old plants. Char'acters. - Leaves ovato-lanceolate, shortly. petiolate, rugose, downy, paler on the under surface, crenate. Time for collecting.-Spring, before the flowering stem has grown much. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Cr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. Nat. ord., DIOSCOREACEAE. Synonyms.-D. paniculata, D. quinata. Fig.-Rumpf. Aml., v, 162. Hairy Yam. Habitat.-A native of America, found in thickets from New England to Wisconsin, and in the Southern States. Flowering time.-June. Parts employed.-The root. Characters.-Leaves opposite, cordate, acuminate, nine-ribbed, sub-pubescent. Roots long, branched, crooked, woody, white internally, light brown externally, and wrinkled longitudinally, with many long tough fibres, inodorous, and with a pleasantly bitter submucilaginous taste. Time for collecting.--When the stem dies down in autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit, or triturations of Keith's Dioscoridin. 128 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. DROSERA. Drosera rotundifolia. Nat. ord., DROSERACEME. Synonyms.-Rorella rotundifolia, Ros solis, Drosera capillaris. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 30. Round-leaved Sundew. Red-rot. Moor-grass. For. names: German, Sonnenthau; French, Rosee du Soleil; Italian, Rugiada del sole; Spanish, Rociada. Habitat. - In bogs and heathy ground throughout Central and Northern Europe, abundant in all parts of Great Britain. Flowering time.-Summer and early autumn. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. GCaracters.-Rootstoclc short and slender. Leaves on long stalks, nearly orbicular, 3 to 6 lines in diameter, covered on the upper surface with long red viscid hairs, each bearing a small gland at the top. Flower-stems slender, erect, glabrous, upper portion consisting of a simpleor once forked unilateral raceme, rolled back when young, but straightening as the flowers expand. Flowers white, expanding in sunshine. Time for collecting.-At commencement of flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 31 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 19 129 DULCAMARA. Solanum dulcamara. Nat. ord., SOLANACEIE. Synonyms.-Dulcamara flexuosa, Vitis sylvestris. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 31. Woody-nightshade, Bittersweet, Fellon-wood. For. names: German, Bittersuss; French, Douce-amere, -Morelle; Italian, Morella, Solatro; Spanish, Dulcamara. Habitat.-Hedges and thickets in moist shady places all over Europe. Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-Leaves and stems. Characters.-Stem shrubby at base, with climbing or straggling branches, which die back in winter. Leaves stalked, ovate, usually broadly cordate at the base and entire, sometimes with an additional smaller lobe or segment on each side, either quite glabrous or downy on both sides as well as the stem. Flowers small, blue, with yellow anthers in loose cymes, or lateral peduncles shorter than the leaves. Berries small, globular, and red. Time for collecting.-Before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.--< to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ELAPS CORALLINUS. Class, REPTILIA. Section, SQUAMATA. Order, OPHIDIA. Sub-order, COLUBBINJE. Fam., ELAPIDJE. The Coral Snake of Brazil. 9 HOMEEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 131 ment on a linen filter, and dry it on porous tiles with a gentle heat. The decanted fluid may deposit a second portion of sediment, which can be dried in the same way. Characters and Tests.--In light friable slightly incurved cakes, about 1 line thick, greenish-grey, acrid and bitter; fracture finely granular. Does not effervesce with acids; yields half its weight to boiling rectified spirit. This solution, concentrated and added to warm solution of potash, yields on cooling not less than 20 per cent. of Elaterine in colourless crystals." Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.--Amer. Trans. i. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. EUPATORIUM PERFOLIATUM. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Synonyms.-E. connatum, E. Virginicum. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., pl. 11, vol. i. Thorough-wort, Cross-wort, Bone-set. Habitat.-Nova Scotia to Florida. Flowering time.-June to September. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Stem erect, round, hairy, branched at top only. Leaves perforated by the stem, perfoliate, upper leaves divided into pairs. Flowers in corymbs with hairy peduncles. Seeds oblong, on a naked receptacle. Time for collecting.-While in flower. 132 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Homr. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Fig.-Lamarck, Encyclop., pl. 672. Gravel-root, Queen of the Meadow. Habitat.-America, in swamps and low grounds. Flowering time.-August. Parts employed.-The root. Characters.-A perennial, herbaceous plant. Stem stout, solid, green, or sometimes purplish, with a purple band at the joints about 1 inch wide; from 3 to 6 feet high. Leaves feather veined in whorls of 3s, 4s, and 5s (rarely 2s); ovate, oblong-ovate, or lanceolate; smooth above, downy on the veins beneath, coarsely serrate, thin, 8 to 10 inches long, by 4 to 5 inches wide. Flowers in a dense and compound corymb, pale purple, ranging to whitish. Heads cylindrical, 5 to 10 flowered. Scales purplish, numerous, closely imbricated in several rows of unequal length, slightly striate. Root long, knotty, fibrous, white or brownish, bitter. Time for collecting.-When the herb is dying down, in autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit, or triturations of Keith's Eupurpurin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 133 Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3" and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. EUPHORBIUM. Euphorbia officinarum. Nat. ord., EUPHORBIACEAE. Synonyms.-E. tenella, Euphorbium polygonum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 32. Spurge. For. names: German, Wolfsmilch; French, Euphorbe; Italian, Euforbio; Spanish, Euforbio. Habitat. -Africa. Part employed.-The gum-resin. Characters.-Dull, yellowish-white, friable tears of irregular shape and size, nearly inodorous; taste acrid and burning. The powder irritates the nose and eyes exceedingly. Time for collecting.-September. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. EUPHRASIA. Euphrasia officinalis. Nat. ord., SCROPHULARIACEIE. Synonyms.-E. candida, Euphragia alba. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 33. Eyebright. For. names: German, Augentrost, Milchdienst; French, Eufrasie; Italian, Eufragra. Habitat.-In pastures throughout Europe and Asia. Abundant in Great Britain. HOMUEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 135 FERRUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Ferrous Iodide. FeI2. The British Pharmacopoeia directs this to be prepared as follows: "Take of Fine Iron Wire.... 1 ounce; Iodine...... 3 ounces; Distilled Water.... 15 fluid ounces. Put the Iodine, Iron, and 12 ounces of the water into a flask; and having heated the mixture gently for about 10 minutes, raise the heat and boil until the froth becomes white. Pass the solution as quickly as possible through a wetted calico filter into a dish of polished iron, washing the filter with the remainder of the water, and boil down until a drop of the solution taken out on the end of an iron wire solidifies on cooling. The liquid should now be poured out on a porcelain dish, and, as soon as it has solidified, should be broken into fragments, and enclosed in a well-stoppered bottle. Characters and Tests.- Crystalline, green with a tinge of brown, inodorous, deliquescent, almost entirely soluble in water, forming a slightly green solution which gradually deposits a rust-coloured sediment, and acquires a red colour. Its solution gives a copious blue precipitate with the red Prussiate of Potash. Mixed with mucilage of starch, it acquires a blue colour on the addition of a minute quantity of Solution of Chlorine." Preparation. - Trituration, or the " Syrupus Ferri lodidi" of the British Pharmacopoeia may be used, which contains 1 grain in 15 minims; and hence 15 minims diluted with 85 Winims of distilled water will make 1. 136 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Thompson's Observations on Iodide of Iron. Proper forms for dispensing. 1 and 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. FERRUM MAGNETICUM. Present names.-Black or Magnetic Oxide, Loadstone. Fe04,. It may be prepared as follows: "Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron. 5j fluid ounces; Sulphate of Iron.... 2 ounces; Solution of Soda.... 4 pints; Distilled Water... A sufficiency. Dissolve the Sulphate of Iron in 2 pints of the water and add to it the Solution of Persulphate of Iron, then mix this with the Solution of Soda, stirring them well together. Boil the mixture, let it stand for two hours, stirring it occasionally, then put it on a calico filter, and when the liquid has drained away wash the precipitate with distilled water until what passes through the filter ceases to give a precipitate with Chloride of Barium. Lastly, dry the precipitate at a temperature not exceeding 1200. Characters and Tests.-Brownish-black, destitute of taste, strongly attracted by the magnet. It dissolves without effervescence in Hydrochloric Acid diluted with half its volume of water, and the solution thus obtained gives blue precipitates with the red and yellow Prussiates of Potash. When a small quantity is heated in a dry test tube by the flame of a lamp, a deposit of moisture takes place in the cool part of the tube. Twenty grains dissolved in Hydrochloric Acid continue to give HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 137 a blue precipitate with the red Prussiate of Potash until 83 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Bichromate of Potash have been added." Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Caspari, Allg. Horn. Diagnostik. Proper forms for dispensing.-P- to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. These are the only preparations of Ferrum which have been proved, but a large number of other salts, &c., have been used and found efficacious, and several of these have been introduced into Jahr's, Gruner's, and Buchner's Pharmacopoeias; Jahr also notices several in his Symptomen Codex, and Noack and Trinks refer to them likewise. The following are the chief: FERRUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Ferrous Carbonate. FeC03. The Ferri Carbonas Saccharata of the British Pharmacopceia is the best preparation, and contains 57 per cent. of the carbonate. Preparation.-Trituration, using 2 grains to 8 grains of sugar of milk to make P. FERRUM LACTICUM. Present name.-Ferrous Lactate. Fe2C03[H03 + 2H20. This is prepared by decomposing Ferrous Chloride with Calcic Lactate. The process is troublesome, and it will be well to obtain the substance from the manufacturing chemists. Preparation.-Trituration. FEERRUM METALLICUM. This consists of pure iron filings, which are used for forming the triturations. FerrumRn edactum is a much better preparation. FERIRUM MURIATIOUM. Present name.-Ferric Chloride. Fe2CI.6 This is one of the best preparations of Iron, and the Tinctura / 138 HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Ferri Perchloridi of the British Pharmacopceia is the most convenient preparation; it contains 1 grain of Ferric Chloride in 5 minims. Preparation.-Dilutions made with rectified spirit. FERRUIM OXID"UM HYDRATUM. Present name.-Hydrated Ferric Oxide. Fe2O3l2O. The British Pharmacopoeia orders this to be prepared as follows: "Take of Solution of Persulphate of Iron. 4 fluid ounces; Solution of Soda.... 33 fluid ounces; Distilled Water.... A sufficiency. Mix the solution of Persulphate of Iron with a pint of the distilled water, and add this gradually to the Solution of Soda, stirring them constantly and briskly. Let the mixture stand for 2 hours, stirring it occasionally, then put it on a calico filter, and, when the liquid has drained away, wash the precipitate with distilled water, until what passes through the filter ceases to give a precipitate with Chloride of Barium. Lastly, enclose the precipitate, without drying it, in a stoppered bottle, or other suitable vessel, from which evaporation cannot take place. This preparation, when used, should be recently made. Characters and Tests.-A soft moist pasty mass, of a reddishbrown colour. Dissolves readily in diluted Hydrochloric Acid without the aid of heat, and the solution gives a copious blue precipitate with the yellow but not with the red Prussiate of Potash. A little of it dried at 212~, until it ceases to lose weight, gives off moisture when heated to dull redness in a test tube." Preparation.-Trituration. FERRUM STUILPHURICITM. Present namnze.-Ferrous Sulphate. FeS047H20. This is the Green Vitriol of commerce, and may be prepared as follows:Take of Iron Wire..... 4 ounces; Sulphuric Acid... 4 fluid ounces Distilled Water.... 1 pint. 10O 1-10 II0ME0 PATHJC PHARMIACOPU(JIA. of Potash. A small quantity boiled with an excess of Caustic Soda and filtered, gives, when exactly neutralized by Nitric Acid, a brick-red precipitate on the addition of solution of Nitrate of Silver. The solution in Hydrochloric Acid when diluted gives no precipitate with Chloride of Barium. Twenty grains dissolved in an excess of Hydrochloric Acid diluted with water continue to give a blue precipitate with the red Prussiate of' Potash, until at least 170 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Bichromate of Potash have been added." Preparation. -Trituration. FERR&UM PHOSPIHORICUM. Present name.-Ferrous Hydric Phosphate. Fe"HPO4. The Ferri Phosphas of the British Pharmacopoeia consists of this salt mixed with an uncertain amount of Ferric Phosphate, Fe"'PO4. It is prepared as follows:" Take of Sulphate of Iron..... 3 ounces; Phosphate of Soda.... 2- ounces; Acetate of Soda..... 1 ounce Boiling Distilled Water... 4 pints. Dissolve the Sulphate of Iron in one half of the water, and the Phosphate and Acetate of Soda in the remaining half. Mix the two solutions, and, after careful stirring, transfer the precipitate to a calico filter, and wash it with hot distilled water, till the filtrate ceases to give a precipitate with Chloride of Barium. Finally, dry the precipitate at a temperature not exceeding 120~. Characters and Tests. -A slate-blue amorphous powder, in"soluble in water, soluble in Hydrochloric Acid. The solution yields a precipitate with both the yellow and red Prussiate of Potash, that afforded by the latter being the more abundant; and when treated with Tartaric Acid and an excess of Ammonia, and subsequently with the solution of Ammonio-Sulphate of Magnesia, lets fall a crystalline precipitate. When the salt is digested in Hydrochloric Acid with a lamina of pure copper, a dark deposit does not form on the metal. Twenty grains, dissolved in Hydrochloric Acid, continue to give a blue precipitate with red Prussiate of Potash until 250 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Bichromate of Potash have been added." Preparation.-Trituration. 1-12 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. chloric Acid with the evolution of Hydrogen, and the solution gives a light blue precipitate with the yellow Prussiate of Potash. Ten grains added to an aqueous solution of 50 grains of Iodine, and 50 grains of Iodide of Potassium, and digested in a small flask at a gentle heat, leave not more than 5 grains undissolved, which should be entirely soluble in Hydrochloric Acid." Preparation.-Trituration. FILIX MAS. Aspidium Filix mas. Nat. ord., FILICES. Synonyms.-Lastrea F. M., Polypodium F. M. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1458. Male Fern. For. names: German, Mannliches Farrenkraut; French, Fongere male. Habitat.-In woods and shady situations, along moist banks, throughout Europe and Central and Russian Asia. "Very common in Britain. Parts employed.-The fresh root-stock. Characters.-Tufted, scaly, greenish-brown. A disagreeable odour and nauseous bitter, somewhat astringent taste. Time for collecting.-Autumn, when the fronds are dying. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-p and upwards, Tincture, Piilles, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 145 Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hygea, x. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. GRAPHITES. Blacklead, Plumbago. For. name: German, Reisblei. A mineral carbon, containing a small indefinite quantity of Iron. In the proving, Hahnemann used a trituration made from the prepared blacklead in the finest English drawing pencils. This, therefore, is the source from which the substance should be obtained. Preparation. -Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. GUAIACUM. Guaiacum officinale. Nat. ord., ZYGOPHYLLACEZ. Synonyms.-Lignum vitre, Lignum sanctum. Fig.-Flor. Hom., pl. 34. Guaiac. For. names: German, Pockenholz; French, Guiac; Italian, Legno santo, Guaiaco; Spanish, Guayaco, Palo santo. Habitat.-West Indies. Parts employed.-The gum-resin. Characters.-In large masses of a brownish or greenish. 10 146 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPcEIA. brown colour; fractured surface resinous, translucent at the edges. A solution in rectified spirit strikes a clear blue colour when applied to the inner surface of a raw potato paring. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-O- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. GUMMI GUTTI. Garcinia Morella or Pedicillata. Nat. ord., GUTTIFERME. Synonyms.-G. cambogia, G. Victoria. Fig.-Hanbury, Linn. Trans., vol. xxiv, t. 50. Gamboge. For. names: German, Gummitaz, Gummigut; French, Gomme-gutte; Italian, Gomma gutta Spanish, Guta gamba. Habitat.-Siam. Part employed.-The gum-resin. Characters.-In cylindrical pieces, breaking easily with a smooth conchoidal glistening fracture; colour tawny, changing to yellow when it is rubbed with water; taste acrid. An emulsion made with boiling water, and cooled, does not become green with the solution of Iodine. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.--Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-p and upwards, Tinclure, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 147 HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. Nat. ord., HAMAMELIDACEAE. Synonyms.-H. macrophylla, H. Dioica. Fig.-Bart. fl. N. Amer., t. 78. Witch Hazel. For. names: German, Die Zauberstrauch; French, L'hamamelis. Habitat.-In moist woods, Canada to Louisiana. Flowering time.-October and November. Parts employed.-The bark and leaves. Characters.-Stem 8 to 12 feet high, branches flexuous. Leaves on short petioles. Petals a little crooked. Ovary hirsute. The flowers usually appear late in autumn, after the leaves have fallen, although sometimes not until the following spring, and its fruit is perfected the following year. Time for collecting.-The leaves during the summer. The bark after the leaf falls. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Trituration of Keith's Hamamelin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HELLEBORUS. Helleborus niger. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACIEE. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 35. Black Hellebore, Christmas Rose. For. names: Ger 148 HO(MEO()PATHIC PHARMACO PO(EIA. man, Schneerose, Schwertz Niessourz; French, Rose de Nodel; Italian, Elleboro nero; Spanish, Helleboro negro. Habitat.- Lower mountains of Central Europe. Cultivated as a flower in our gardens. Flowering time.-December to March. Parts employed.-The fresh root. Characters.-A black, rough, knotty rhizome, from which descend numerous root-fibres. Leaves palmate, on long footstalks springing directly from the root, leaflets 5 or more, ovate-lanceolate, smooth, shining, coriaceous, serrated. Time for collecting.-Christmas, just before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ili. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 31 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HELONIAS DIOICA. Nat. ord., MELANTHACEXE. Synonyms.-Mlelanthium dioicum, Veratrum luteum, Chamaelirium luteum. Fig.-Linn6, Amoenit., tab. 1, fig. 1. False Unicorn, Blazing Star. Habitat.-In woodlands, meadows, and moist situations, in the United States. Flowering time.-June and July. Parts employed.-The root. Characters.-An herbaceous perennial, with a large somewhat bulbous, premorse root, from which arises a simple, very HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 149 smooth, somewhat angular, stem or scape, 1 or 2 feet in height. The cauline leaves are lanceolate, acute, small and at some- distance from each other, without petioles; the radical leaves are broader, being from 4 to 8 inches in length, by half an inch to an inch in width, narrow at the base, and formed into a sort of whorl at the base of the scape. The flowers are small, very numerous, greenish-white, and are disposed in long, terminal, spicate, nodding, dioecious racemes, resembling a plume, and which are more slender aud weak on the barren plants. Male flowers with white, linear-spatulate, obtuse, onenerved petals; stamens rather longer than the petals. Female flowers, the raceme is generally few flowered, becoming erect; petals linear; stamens very short, abortive; ovary ovate, subtriangular, with the sides deeply furrowed; stigmas three, spreading or reflexed. Capsule ovate oblong, tapering to the base, three-furrowed,.opening at the summit. Seeds many in each cell, acute compressed. Time for collecting.-When the leaves are dying down, Preparation.--Tincture, using proof spirit, or trituration of Keith's Helonin. Reference to Horn. Proving,-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition, Proper forms for dispensing.-q- to 1, Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HEPAR SULPHURIS. Synonyms.-Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum, Liver of Sulphur. Present name.-Impure Calcic Sulphide. CaS. This must be prepared according to Hahnemann's direc. tion, viz. by mixing equal weights of the white interior of HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 151 HYOSCYAMUS. Hyoscyamus niger. Nat. ord., SOLANACEE. Synonyms.-H. vulgaris, H. lethalis, H. flavus. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 36. Henbane, Hogbean. For. names: German, Bilsenkraut; French, Jusquiame; Italian, Beleno, Velano; Spanish, Miemendro, Velheno. Habitat.-Waste and stony places in Central and Southern Europe. In Britain, chiefly on rubbish about villages and old castles. Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-The herbaceous part of the plant. Characters.-A coarse, erect, branching annual, 1 to 2 feet high, more or less hairy and viscid, and with a nauseous smell. Leaves rather large, sessile, the upper ones clasping the stem, ovate, irregularly pinnatifid. Flowers very shortly stalked, corolla pale dingy yellow, with purple veins. Calyx persistent, strongly veined, with 5 stiff, broad, almost prickly lobes. Capsule globular, with numerous small seeds. Time for collecting.-When partially in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hor. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 152 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA,* HYPERICUM. Hypericum perforatum. Nat. ord., HYPERICACEM. Synonyms.-H. perfoliatum, Fuga dsemonum, Herba umbelicalis. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 295. St. John's Wort. For. names: German, Johanniskraut, Hexenkraut. Habitat.-In woods, hedges, and thickets throughout Europe, and in Central and Russian Asia. Abundant in Britain. Flowering time.-Summer and autumn. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-Root-stock perennial, with short runners. Stem erect, 1 to 1 feet high, branching in upper part, cylindrical, or with two slightly prominent opposite angles, quite glabrous. Leaves sessile, oblong, marked with pellucid dots, and occasionally a few black ones on the under side. Flowers bright yellow, in a handsome terminal corymb; sepals lanceolate, pointed, quite entire, with a few glandular lines or dots; petals twice as long, marked with black dots; stamens numerous, shortly united into 3 bundles; styles 3. Time for collecting.-When in flower and seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hygea, vi. Proper forms for dispensing. - 0to 1, Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 153 IGNATIA. Ignatia amara. Nat. ord., LOGANIACEIE. Synonyms.-Faba Sancti Ignatii, Strychnos Ignatii, Faba Indica. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 37. St. Ignatius's Bean. For. names: German, Bittere Fiebernuss; French, Feve St. Ignace; Italian, Faba St. Ignatii. Habitat.-East Indies and the Philippine Islands. Parts employed.-The seeds, as imported. Characters.-Size of a large almond, irregular, angular, hard and stone-like, glabrous, inodorous; outside blackish-grey, or clear brown, striated, downy; inside brown-yellow, and somewhat shining and semi-translucent; a disagreeable murky odour; taste excessively bitter. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. INDIGO. Indigofera tinctoria. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOSAE. Indigo. Habitat.-Middle regions of America, Africa, and Europe. Parts employed.-A peculiar dye-stuff obtained by oxidation of an infusion of the leaves and stems. Characters.-The imported Indigo, if good, has the following characters:-A dark blue colour, passing into violet-purple, void of taste and smell, but by rubbing with a smooth hard sub 154 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. stance it assumes the lustre and hue of copper. It floats in water. When burned it leaves very little residue. It is soluble in Sulphuric Acid, forming a deep blue solution; insoluble in water or ether. Its colour is not changed by alkalies. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SULPHATE OF INDIGO. A short notice of the pathogenetic effects of the solution of Indigo in Sulphuric Acid (a mixture of Sulphindylic and Hyposulphindigotic Acids) will be found in 'Brit. Journ. of IHor.,' vol. xi. IODIUM. Iodine. German, Jod. This element, obtained principally from the ashes of seaweeds, may be procured from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In laminar crystals, of a peculiar odour, dark colour, and metallic lustre, which, when heated, yield a beautiful violet-coloured vapour; very sparingly soluble in water, but freely dissolved by alcohol, by ether, and by a solution of Iodide of Potassium. The aqueous solution strikes a deep blue colour with starch. It sublimes without leaving any residue, and the portion that first comes over does not include any slender colourless prisms emitting a pungent odour. 12-7 grains dissolved in an ounce of water containing 15 grains of Iodide of Potassium, require for complete discoloration 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Hyposulphite of Soda. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. ]55 Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iii. Proper-forms for dispensing.-- to 3, Tincture only. 4 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. IPECACUANHA. Cephaelis Ipecacuanha. Nat. ord., CINCHONACEJE. Synonyms.-Callicocca Ipecacuanha, Ipecacuanha fusca, Psychotria Ipecacuanha. Fig.-Flora Horn., 38. Ipecacuan. For. names: German, Brechwurzel; French, Ipecacuana; Italian, Ipecaquanha; Spanish, Ipecacuana. Habitat.-Brazil. Part employed.-The root. Characters.-In pieces 3 or 4 inches long, the size of a small quill, contorted and irregularly annulated; various shades of brown in colour. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. IRIS VERSICOLOR. Nat. ord., IRIDACE1E. Synonym.-Iris Virginica. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., pl. 16. Blue Flag. For. names: German, Die Iris; French, L'Iris; Italian, Iride; Spanish, Iris. Habitat.-Throughout the United States, borders of 156 156 HOM~EOPATHIC PHARMACOOREIA. swamps and moist meadows naturalised in the gardens of Europe. Flowering time.-June. Part employed.-The root. Characters.-The root is fleshy, horizontal, sending down a multitude of fibres. Stem 2 to 3 feet high, round on one side, acute on the other, frequently branched, bearing from 2 to 6 flowers. Leaves sword-shaped, striated, sheathing at base. Flowers, outer petal spatulate, beardless, border purple, claw variegated with green, yellow and white, and veined with purple. Seeds numerous. Time for collecting.-Late autumn or early spring. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit; or triturations of Keith's Irisin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-4 to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KALI BICHROMICUM. Present name.-Potassic Dichromate. K2Cr20. This is the well-known Bichromate of Potass which is used so largely in dyeing. It may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists, and be purified by dissolving in hot distilled water and allowing it to crystallize. Characters and Tests.-Red transparent four-sided tables, soluble in water. The aqueous solution becomes green when mixed with Hydrochloric and an excess of Hydrosulphuric Acid. Preparation.-Trituration or solution in distilled water. No spirit must be used below 3, as it gradually decom HOM(E0PATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 1 157 poses the salt and precipitates the green Oxide of Chromium. Reference to Horn. Proving.--Hahne. Mat. Med. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3, Trituration or Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KALI BROMIDUM. Present name.-Potassic Bromide. KBr. This may be procured from the manufacturing chemists. Characters.-In colourless cubical crystals, with no odour, but a pungent saline taste, readily soluble in water, less soluble in spirit. Its aqueous solution gives a white crystalline precipitate with Tartaric Acid. When its solution in water is mixed with a little Chlorine, Chloroform agitated with it, on falling to the bottom, exhibits a red colour. Ten grains require for complete decomposition 840 graiii measures of the volumetric solution of Nitrate of Silver. A solution of the salt mixed with mucilage of starch and a drop of an aqueous solution of Bromine or Chlorine does not exhibit any blue colour. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water up to 1, and then using spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-1P to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KALI CARBONICUM. Present name.-Potassic Carbonate. KCO,. Prepared by heating Cream of Tartar to a red heat, and 158 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. then allowing the product to deliquesce slowly by exposure to moist air. Decant the dissolved salt, add distilled water, and filter, after which it may be evaporated to dryness, stirring briskly towards the close of the process. Characters and Tests.-A white crystalline powder, alkaline and caustic to the taste, very deliquescent, readily soluble in water but insoluble in spirit, effervescing with diluted Hydrochloric Acid, and forming a solution with which Perchloride of Platinum gives a yellow precipitate. Loses about 16 per cent. of its weight when exposed to a red heat. When supersaturated with Nitric Acid, and evaporated to dryness, the residue is almost entirely soluble in water, only a little Silica remaining undissolved; and the solution is precipitated only faintly by Chloride of Barium and Nitrate of Silver. Eightythree grains require for neutralization at least 980 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water, or trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-lx and 1, Solution only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KALI CHLORATUM. Synonym.-Kali Chloricum. Present name.-Potassic Chlorate. KC10,. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists and recrystallized. Characters and Tests.-In colourless rhomboidal crystalline plates, with a cool saline taste, sparingly soluble in cold water. It explodes when triturated with sulphur. Its solution is not affected by Nitrate of Silver, or Oxalate of Ammonia. By heat it fuses, gives off oxygen gas, and leaves a white residue, 160 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. KALI NITRICUM oR NITRUM. Present name.-Potassic Nitrate. KNO3. This may be obtained from the manufacturers and purified by solution in distilled water and crystallization. Characters and Tests.-In white crystalline masses or fragments of striated six-sided prisms, colourless, of a peculiar cool saline taste. Thrown on the fire it deflagrates; warmed in a test tube with Sulphuric Acid and copper wire it evolves ruddy fumes. Its solution acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid gives a yellow precipitate with Perchloride of Platinum. Its solution is not affected by Chloride of Barium or Nitrate of Silver. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1- and 1, Solution only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. The following salts of Potash have all been used more or less by Homceopathists, but have not been regularly proved. KALI ACETICUM. Present name.-Potassic Acetate. KCHz302. May be obtained from the manufacturers. Characters and Tests.-White foliaceous satiny masses, very deliquescent, with a watery solution of which Tartaric Acid causes a crystalline precipitate, Sulphuric Acid the disengagement of Acetic Acid, and a dilute solution of Perchloride of Iron strikes a deep red colour. Neutral to test paper, entirely soluble in rectified spirit. Its solution is unaffected by Sulphide of Ammonium. A short notice of this occurs in Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xi. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. HOMEEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 161 KALI CAUSTIOUM. Present name.-Potassic Hydrate. KHO. The Liquor Potassme of the British Pharmacopceia, which contains 27 grains to 1 fluid ounce, has been recommended by Dr. Black as a substitute for Causticum. Preparation.-19 minims mixed with 81 minims of distilled water will form 1 dilution, from which the others can be prepared with spirit. KALI CHROMATUM. Present name.-Normal Potassic Chromate. K2CrO4. This is the neutral or yellow Chromate of Potass, and has been recommended by Dr. Drysdale to be used occasionally in place of the Bichromate. It can be obtained from the manufacturers. Characters and Tests.-Lemon-yellow crystals, soluble in water. The solution becomes orange-red on the additioni of Hydrochloric Acid, and green with an excess of Hydrosulphuric acid. Preparation.-Trituration. KALI CITRICUM. Present name.-Potassic Citrate. K3C6H507. Made by neutralizing Citric Acid with Potassic Carbonate, and evaporating to dryness. Characters and Tests.-A white powder of saline feebly acid taste, deliquescent, and very soluble in water. Heated with Sulphuric Acid it forms a brown fluid, gives off an inflammable gas, and evolves the odour of Acetic Acid. I ts solution, mixed with a solution of Chloride of Calcium, remains clear till it is boiled, when a white precipitate separates, readily soluble in Acetic -Acid. Its solution, acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid, gives a yellow precipitate with Perchloride of Platinum. 102 grains heated to redness till gases cease to be evolved leave an alkaline residue, which requires for exact neutralization 1000 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. A fragmentary proving may be found in Brit. Journ. Horn., vol. xi. 11 162 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. KALI CYANURETUTM. Present name.-P-otassic Cyanide. KCN. This may be obtained from the manufacturers. Characters and Tests.-White porcelain-like masses, which smell of Prussic Acid, readily soluble in cold water, and its solution will give a blue precipitate with a few drops of a solution of Ferrous Sulphate followed by Hydrochloric Acid. It is a powerful poison. A short notice of it occurs in Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xi. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. KALI FERRO CYANURETUM. Present name.-Potassic Ferrocyanide. K4FeCN63H2O. This is the well-known yellow Prussiate of Potass, and may be obtained from the manufacturers. Characters and Tests.-In large yellow crystals, permanent in the air, soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol. The aqueous solution precipitates deep blue with Persulphate of Iron, brickred with Sulphate of Copper, and white with Acetate of Lead. Heated with diluted Sulphuric Acid, Hydrocyanic Acid vapours are evolved. A short notice of this is given in Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xi. It has been lately recommended for uterine diseases. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. KALI HYPOOHLORITUM. Present name.-Potassic Hypochlorite. KC10. A short notice of this is found in Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xi, but it is so easily decomposed that it is not an advisable preparation. Its action is similar to Chlorine. KALI MURIATIOUM. Present name.-Potassic Chloride. KC1. May be made by neutralizing Hydrochloric Acid with Potassic Carbonate. It has not been proved. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 163 KALI OXALIOUM. Present name.-Hydropotassic oxalate. KHC204H20. This is the Binoxalate of Potass or Salt of Lemons. It has not been proved, but some of its effects are given in Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xi. It may be obtained from the manufacturers. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. KALI PERMANGANIC1TM. Present name.-Potassic Permanganate. KMnO4. This may be procured from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-Dark purple, slender, prismatic crystals, inodorous, with a sweet astringent taste, soluble in water. A single small crystal suffices to form with an.ounce of water a rich purple solution, which, when mixed with a little rectifled spirit and heated, becomes yellowish-brown. The crystals heated to redness decrepitate, evolve oxygen gas, and leave a black residue, from which water extracts Potash, recognised by its alkaline reaction, and by its giving, when acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid, a yellow precipitate with Perchloride of Platinum. Entirely soluble in cold water. Five grains dissolved in water require for complete decoloration a solution of 44 grains of granulated Sulphate of Iron acidulated with 2 fluid drachms of diluted Sulphuric Acid. Preparation. -Solution in distilled water. Reference to Proving.-Brit. Journ. of Horn., vol. xxv. Proper forms for dispensing:--I' to 3, Solution only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KALI SULPIIURICUM. Present name.-Potassic Sulphate. K2SO4. This may be obtained from the manufacturers. Characters and Tests.-In colourless hard six-sided prisms terminated by six-sided pyramids; decrepitates strongly when heated; sparingly soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol. The aqueous solution is neutral to test paper, gives no precipitate with Oxalate of Ammonia, but acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid it is precipitated white by Chloride of Barium, and yellow by Perchloride of Platinum. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 165 green, coriaceous, very smooth, with the underside palest, oval, acute, and entire; inserted by scattered petioles on sides and extremities of branches. Flowers vary from white to red, grow in terminal corymbs. Time for collecting.-While in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Amer. Trans. Proper forms for dispensing.--< to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. KREASOTE. Synonym.-Creasote. C2H10,,? The exact composition of this is unknown. Much of the Kreasote of commerce is Carbolic Acid, but Reichenbach's Kreasote is a distinct substance. The British Pharmacopoeia gives the followingCharactiers and Tests.-A liquid, colourless or with a yellowish tinge, and a strong empyreumatic odour. It is sparingly dissolved by water, but freely by alcohol, ether, and Glacial Acetic Acid. Specific gravity 1-071. It coagulates albumen. A slip of deal dipped into it, and afterwards into Hydrochloric Acid, acquires on exposure for a short time to the air a greenish-blue colour. Dropped on white filtering paper and exposed to a heat of 2120, it leaves no translucent stain. It turns the plane of polarization of a ray of polarized light to the right. It is not solidified by the cold produced by a mixture of Hydrochloric Acid and Sulphate of Soda. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xvi. 166 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-1X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LACHESIS. - Trigonocephalus Lachesis. Class, REPTILIA. Section, SQUAMATA. Order, OPHIDIA. Sub-order, VIPERINE. Fam., CROTALIDME. Characters.-Much difficulty exists in identifying the exact species referred to by Hering. Buchner mentions 3 species, viz. Trigonocephalus Lachesis, T. atrox, and T. lanceolatus. The habitation, however (South America), and the general description agrees best with the Lachesis mutus or Curucucu, while the name Lance-headed Viper would refer it to the Oraspedocephalus lanceolatus or Fer-de-lance, a well-known and extremely poisonous snake of the Brazils. For every reason, therefore, it is desirable to use Hering's original preparation, with which the provings were made. The virus of this serpent has been more carefully proved than that of any other. The specimen used by Dr. Hering in his experiments was obtained from the living snake in the manner described under Crotalus (q. v.), and this is up to the present time the only reliable source. Fortunately it acts well in the high and highest dilutions, and hence the original supply may be considered inexhaustible. Should a fresh supply be obtained, its lowest dilutions should be tested upon some small animals, and if its subcutaneous injection did not produce distinct symptoms of poisoning it should be rejected as untrustworthy. Preparation.-Dilution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving. - Denkw. d. N. An. Acad. HOM{EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 167 Proper forms for dispensing.-Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LACTUCA. Lactuca virosa. Nat. ord., CoMPosITE. Fig.-E. B., t. 1957. Strong-scented Lettuce. For. names: German, Giftlattig; French, Laitue vireuse. Habitat.-Banks and waysides, especially on a chalky soil; common in England. Flowering time.-June to August. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-Leaves patent, oblong, toothed or sinuate, 2 eared, and amplexicaul at the base. Flowers panicled; beak as long as the black achene. The whole plant abounds with a milky juice. Time for collecting.-When in flower. SPreparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Hyg., v. Proper forms for dispensing.--O and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LAMIUM. Lamium album. Nat. ord., LABIAT.E. Synonyms.-L. vulgatum, L. levigatum, L. maculatum. Fig.-E. B., 768. - Dead Nettle. For. names: German, Weissbienensang, Weisse Taubenessel; French, Ortie blanche. 168 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Habitat.-Borders of fields and waste places; abundant. Flowering time.-Spring and summer. Parts employed.-The fresh herb. Characters. - Leaves cordate-acuminate, deeply serrate, stalked; calycine teeth long, subulate, always spreading. Corolla with tube curved upwards, having within a hairy ring, the throat dilated, upper lip oblong, lateral lobes of lower lip with 1 to 3 subulate teeth. Time for collecting.-While in flower and seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LAUROCERASUS. Prunus Laurocerasus. Nat. ord., ROSACEME. Synonyms.-Padus Laurocerasus, Cerasus folio laurino. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 39. Common Cherry Laurel. For. names: German, KirshLorbeerbaum; French, Laurier-c6risee; Italian, Lauro regio; Spanish, Laurel real. Habitat.-Persia and Asia Minor. Cultivated as an evergreen in all our gardens. Flowering time.-Spring. Parts employed.-The young fresh leaves. Ckaracters.-Leaves ovate-lanceolate or elliptical, distantly toothed, furnished with glands at the base, smooth and shining, deep green, on short foot-stalk, emitting a ratafia odouir when bruised. HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. 169 Time for collecting.- May and June. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartl. and Trinks' Archiv, xii. Proper forms for dispensing.-qO to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LEDUM. Ledum palustre. Nat. ord., ERICACEME. Synonyms.-Rorismarinum sylvestre, Ledum Silesiacum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 40. Marsh Ledum, Marsh Tea. For. names: German, Sumpfhorst, Porsch; French, Romarin sauvage; Italian, Ledo; Spanish, Ledo. Habitat.-Moist swampy ground in North of Europe, France, Asia, and America. Flowering time.-April to July. Parts employed.-The small twigs and leaves. Characters.-Stem shrubby, erect, slender, much branched, young branches covered with close rust-coloured down. Leaves scattered, horizontal or reflexed, on short petioles, strap shaped, quite entire, with revolute margins, channelled, smooth; upper surface dark green, under surface paler, and the midrib covered with rust-coloured down. Flowers numerous, in dense, simple, terminal bracteated corymbs. The whole plant, when bruised, has a strong, oppressive, aromatic smell. Time for collecting.-Soon after flowering begins. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. 170 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules.. LEPTANDRA. Leptandra Virginica. Nat. ord., SCROPHULARIACEE. Synonym.-Veronica V. Fig.-Comm. Got., pl. 15, vol. v. Black Root, Culver's Physic, Tall Speedwell. Habitat.-Throughout the United States. Flowering time.-July and August. Parts employed.-The root. OGaracters.-A perennial plant, with a simple, straight, smooth, herbaceous stem from 2 to 5 feet in height. The leaves are whorled in fours to sevens, short, petioled, lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, and glaucous beneath. The flowers are white, numerous, nearly sessile, and disposed in long, terminal, and verticillate and subterminal spikes. Spikes panicled, crowded; bracts very small. Calyx four-parted. Corolla small, nearly white, with a deeply four-cleft spreading border, the lateral or lower segments narrower than the others, tubular, pubescent inside; tube of the corolla longer than its limb, and much longer than the calyx. Stamens 2, very much exserted. Capsule oblong-ovate, not notched, opening by 4 teeth at the apex, many seeded. Time for collecting.-Early spring or late autumn. Preparations.-Tincture of fresh root, using proof spirit. Trituration of dry root, or trituration of Keith's Leptandrin. Dr. Hale considers that the tincture of the fresh root most fully represents the entire plant. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 171 Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1 Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LITHIUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Lithic Carbonate. LCO3. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In white powder or in minute crystalline grains, alkaline in reaction, soluble in 100 parts of cold water, insoluble in alcohol. It dissolves with effervescence in Hydrochloric Acid; and the solution evaporated to dryness leaves a residue of Chloride of Lithium, which communicates a red colour to the flame of a spirit lamp, and redissolved in water yields a precipitate with Phosphate of Soda. Ten grains of the salt neutralized with Sulphuric Acid and afterwards heated to redness leave 14-86 grains of dry Sulphate of Lithia, which, when redissolved in distilled water, yields no precipitate with Oxalate of Ammonia or solution of Lime. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Lippe's Materia Medica. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LOBELIA INFLATA. Nat. ord., LOBELIACEME. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., fig. xix. Indian Tobacco. Habitat.-Fields and roadsides from Canada to Southern States. 172 - HOM EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Flowering time.-From midsummer till autumn. Parts employed.-The whole plant, or seeds. Characters.-Varies from 6 inches to 2 to 3 feet high. Root fibrous. Stem erect, in the full-sized plant much branched, angular, hairy. Leaves scattered, sessile, oval, serrate, veiny and hairy. Flowers in spikes and racemes, pedunculated; corolla bluish-purple. Seeds numerous, small, oblong, brown. The stem, when broken, emits a milky juice. Time for collecting.--When in flower and seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. It has been proposed to prepare this with ether. Reference to Horn. Proving.--Hyg., xv. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. LYCOPODIUM. Lycbpodium clavatum. Nat. ord., LYCOPODIACEME. Synonyms.-Muscus terrestris repens, Pes ursinus. Fig.-Flora Homn., 41. Club Moss, Wolf's Claw. For. names: German, Gemeines Biirlap; French, Pied de Lupe, Lycopode; Italian, Lycopodio; Spanish, Lycopodio. Habitat.-Hilly pastures and heaths in Central and Northern Europe. Common in Great Britain, especially in the north. Fruiting time.-Summer and autumn. Parts employed.-The spores, wrongly called pollen or seeds. Characters. -An extremely fine pale yellow powder, unctious HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 173 to the touch, tasteless, inodorous, inflammable, swims on water, and cannot be wetted. Time for collecting.-Summer and autumn. Preparation.-Trituration. The tincture also is prepared, but it is doubtful whether it will possess all the virtues of the plant. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MAGNESIA CARBONICA. Present name.-Magnesic Carbonate. The preparation used by Homoeopathists is a mixture of Magnesic Carbonate and Magnesic Hydrate, in about the following proportions:3(MgCO3)MgO,5H2O. It may be prepared as follows: "Take of Sulphate of Magnesia... 10 ounces; Carbonate of Soda... 12 ounces; Distilled water.... A sufficiency. Dissolve the Sulphate of Magnesia and the Carbonate of Soda each in half a gallon of the water, mix the two solutions cold, and boil the mixture in a porcelain dish for 15 minutes. Transfer the precipitate to a calico filter, and pour upon it repeatedly boiling distilled water, until the washings cease to give a precipitate with Chloride of Barium. Lastly, dry by a heat not exceeding 2120. Characters and Tests.-A very light powder, which, when examined under the microscope, is found to be partly amorphous with numerous slender prisms intermixed. Dissolves 174 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. with effervescence in the diluted mineral acids, yielding solutions which, when first treated with Chloride of Ammonium, are not disturbed by the addition of an excess of solution of Ammonia, but yield a copious crystalline precipitate upon the addition of Phosphate of Soda. With excess of Hydrochloric Acid it forms a clear solution in which Chloride of Barium causes no precipitate. Another portion of the solution supersaturated with Ammonia gives no precipitate with Oxalic Acid or Sulphuretted Hydrogen. Fifty grains calcined at a red heat are reduced to 22." Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MAGNESIA MURIATICA. Present name.-Magnesic Chloride. MgC12. Prepared by' saturating pure Hydrochloric Acid with Magnesic Carbonate, and then evaporating to dryness. It is very deliquescent. Preparation. -Solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x and 1, Solution only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MAGNESIA SULPHURICA. Present name.-Magnesic Sulphate. MgSO47H2O. This is the well-known Epsom Salts, and may be obtained from the manufacturers. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 175 Characters and Tests.-In minute colourless and transparent rhombic prisms, possessing a bitter taste. It readily dissolves in water, and the solution gives copious white precipitates with Chloride of Barium, and with a mixed solution of Ammonia, Chloride of Ammonium, and Phosphate of Soda. Its aqueous solution at ordinary temperatures is not precipitated by Oxalate of Ammonia. Nor should it give a brown precipitate with Chlorinated Lime or Soda. The precipitate given by Carbonate of Soda,,when obtained from a boiling solution of 100 grains of the salt, should, when well washed, dried and heated to redness, weigh 16-26 grains. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Ann. d. Hom. Klin., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Recently another salt of Magnesia, viz. The Citrated Borate of Magnesia, which consists of Boracite, 3Mg04B203, and Ammnonic Citrate, has been recommended as a remedy for renal calculus. It has not been proved. (Brit. Journ. Horn., vol. xxiv.) MANGANUM ACETICUM. Presentname.-Manganous Acetate. Mn,2C2H3024H20. Prepared by saturating pure Acetic Acid with Manganous Carbonate and crystallizing. Characters and Tests.-Light pinkish crystals in beautiful rhombic prisms, not altered by exposure to air. Taste astringent and metallic. The watery solution gives a flesh-coloured precipitate with Sulphide of Ammonium. The crystals treated with Sulphuric Acid emit a smell of vinegar. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in water as far as lx, and then spirit may be used. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. 176 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. N.B.-The Mlanganous Carbonate and Manganous Sulphate have been used, but as the Acetate alone has been proved, it is well to keep to that preparation. MENYANTHES. Menyanthes trifoliata. Nat. ord., GENTIANACE.E. Fig.-E. B., t. 495. Buckbean, Marsh Trefoil. For. names: German, Bitterklee, Fieberklee; French, Trefle d'eau. Habitat.-Marshy places and boggy ground; common in Great Britain. Flowering time.-June to August. Parts employed.-The whole plant. Characters.-Roots densely matted and creeping. Leaves ternate, stalked, leaflets obovate, obscurely toothed. Base of leaf sheathing, whence arises a flower-stalk supporting a compound raceme or thyrsus of many white flowers tipped externally with red, and beautifully fringed with white filaments within. Time for collecting.-In autumn, after the seed is ripe. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., v. Proper forms for dispensing.--< to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MEPHITIS PUTORIUS. Class, MAMMALIA. Order, FERE. Family, MUSTELIDAE. Genus, MEPHITIS. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 177 The Skunk. German, Nordamerikanishes Stinktbier. The secretion of the preputial follicles of this animal has a most powerfully offensive odour. It must be obtained in America, direct from the animal. Preparation. -Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.--Arch., xviii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIALIS. Mercurialis perennis. Nat. ord., EUPHORBIACEE. Fig.-Eng. Bot., t. 1872. Dog Mercury. For. names: German, Ausdauerndes Bingelkraut, Speck-melde. Habitat.-Woods and shady places throughout Europe and Russian Asia. Abundant in England, Ireland, and Scotland. Flowering time.-Early spring. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.--Root-stock slender and creeping. Stem erect, "simple, 6 to 8 inches high. Leaves rather crowded in the upper part, ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 5 inches long, usually pointed and serrated and rough, or shortly hairy. Flowers dioecious, on slender axillary peduncles nearly as long as the leaves; the males in little clusters, the females singly or two together. Ovaries longer than the perianth, with rather long spreadingstyles.. Capsules more or less covered with warts or soft prickles. Time for collecting.-When in flower and fruit. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-N. Arch., i. 12 178 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3" and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS. Mercurius solubilis Hahnemannii. Impure Hg2O. This preparation has an historical interest, as it was discovered by Hahnemann; it is, however, most unsatisfactory in a pharmaceutical sense. The process for making it is needlessly complex, and the result is an indefinite mixture of Mercurous Oxide, Ammonio-mercurous and Ammonio-mercuric Subnitrate; and not only is the mixture itself indefinite, but it is impossible to ensure any two consecutive preparations being alike. Therapeutically, however, it seems to act well, although in this respect it is in no way different or superior to Mercurius vivus, which, if well prepared, is pharmaceutically much more trustworthy. According to Jahr, Hahnemann entirely abandoned this preparation in favour of Merc. vivus many years before his death. The process recommended by Hahnemann is as follows: " Having purified the Mercury, it is dissolved, cold, in common Nitric Acid, which requires many days; the salt which results is dried on blotting-paper, and triturated in a glass mortar for half an hour, adding one fourth of its weight of the best alcohol. The alcohol which has been converted into ether is thrown aside, and the trituration of the Mercurial is continued with fresh alcohol, for half an hour each time, until this fluid no longer has the smell of ether. That being done, the alcohol is decanted, and the salt dried on blotting-paper, which is renewed from time to time. Afterwards it is triturated for a quarter of an hour, in a glass mortar, with twice its weight of dis HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 179 tilled water; the clear fluid is decanted, the salt is again washed by a second trituration with a fresh quantity of water, the clear fluid is united to the preceding, and thus we have the aqueous solution of all that the saline mass consisting of Mercurial Nitrate really saturated. The residuum is composed of other Mercurial Salts, of Chloride and Sulphate. Finally, this aqueous solution precipitates, by caustic Ammonia, the so-called Black Oxide of Mercury (Blackish-grey Oxidule of Mercury)." Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS ACETATUS. Present name.-Mercurous Acetate. HgC2H:O2. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists in crystalline silvery scales. The preparation is unstable, being blackened by exposure to light, and possesses no advantage over Mere. vivus. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS CORROSIVUS. Synonyms.-Hydrargyri Perchloridum (B. P.), Corrosive Sublimate. Present name.-Mercuric Chloride. HgCl2. 180 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Oharacters and Tests.-In heavy colourless masses of prismatic crystals, possessing a highly acrid metallic taste; more soluble in alcohol, and still more so in ether, than in water. Its aqueous solution gives a yellow precipitate with Caustic Potash, a white precipitate with Ammonia, and a curdy white precipitate with Nitrate of Silver. When heated it sublimes without decomposing, or leaving any residue. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Roth, Mat. Med., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS DULCIS. Present name.-Mercurous Chloride. HgCl. Synonyms.-Hydrargyri Subchloridum (B. P.), Calomel. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A dull-white heavy and nearly tasteless powder, rendered yellowish by trituration in a mortar; insoluble in water, spirit, or ether. Digested with solution of Potash it becomes black; and the clear solution, acidulated with Nitric Acid, gives a copious white precipitate with Nitrate of Silver. Contact with Hydrocyanic Acid also darkens its colour. It is entirely volatilized by a sufficient heat. Warm ether which has been shaken with it in a bottle leaves, on evaporation, no residue. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 181 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS BINIODATUS. Synonym.-Hydrargyri lodidum Rubrum (B. P.). Present name.-Mercuric Iodide. HgI2. This may be made by precipitating a solution of Mercuric Chloride with Potassic Iodide, and washing and drying the precipitate. Characters and Tests.-A crystalline powder of a vermilion colour, becoming yellow when gently heated over a lamp on a sheet of paper; almost insoluble in water, dissolves sparingly in alcohol, but freely in ether or in an aqueous solution of Iodide of Potassium. When digested with solution of soda it assumes a reddish-brown colour, and the fluid cleared by filtration and mixed with solution of starch gives a blue precipitate on being acidulated with Nitric Acid. Entirely volatilized by a heat under redness. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hering's New American Materia Medica. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS PROTOIODATUS. Synonym.-Hydrargyri lodidum Viride (B. P.). Present name.-Mercurous Iodide. HgI. 182 HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. This may be prepared in the following way: " Take of Mercury, by weight... 1 ounce; Iodine...... 278 grains; Rectified Spirit.... A sufficiency. Rub the Iodine and Mercury in a porcelain mortar, occasionally moistening the mixture with a few drops of the spirit, and continue the trituration until metallic globules are no longer visible, and the whole assumes a green colour. The product thus obtained should be dried in a dark room, on filtering paper, by simple exposure to the air, and preserved in an opaque bottle. Characters and Tests.-A dull green powder, insoluble in water, which darkens in colour upon exposure to light. When it is shaken in a tube with ether nothing is dissolved. Gradually heated in a test tube, it yields a yellow sublimate, which upon friction, or after cooling, becomes red, while globules of Metallic Mercury are left in the bottom of the tube." Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-A full proving of this by Dr. Blakeley was published in Philadelphia, in 1866. Proper forms for dispensing.-lx to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS SULPHURATUS RUBER. Synonyms.--Cinnabar, Vermilion. Present name.-Mercuric Sulphide. HgS. This is prepared by sublimation of a mixture of 6 parts of Metallic Mercury and 1 part of the Flowers of Sulphur. Characters and Tests.-A heavy powder of a splendid red HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(E[A. 183 tint intermediate between crimson and scarlet. It has a density of 8-1, is without taste or odour, and does not undergo change in the air. When heated it assumes a dull brownishred colour. At a higher temperature it takes fire if exposed, but in a tube it sublimes unchanged. If heated with fixed alkalies or their carbonates Metallic Mercury sublimes. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. N. A. Journ. of Hor., Appx. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MERCURIUS VIVUS. Metallic Mercury, Quicksilver. This may be obtained in a state of purity by sublimation from a mixture of Cinnabar and Iron filings. It is at once recognised as being the only liquid metal. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. The following mercurial preparations have also been used by Homceopathists, but as yet have not been regularly proved. MERCURIUS PRECIPITA.TUS ALBUS. Synonyms.-Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum (B. P.), White Precipitate. Present name.-Mercuric-Ammonic Chloride. Hg"HNC1. HOMEEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 185 decomposed into Mercury and Oxygen. If this be done in a test tube no orange vapours are perceived." MERCtROUS BROMIDE. HgBr. MERCUIRIC BROMIDE. HgBr2. Both of these have been quite recently recommended for the treatment of uterine disease. They can be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Preparation.-Trituration in both cases. MEZEREUM. Daphne mezereum. Nat. ord., T-HYMELIACEiE. Synonyms.--Chamalia Germanica, Daphnoides, Thymelea. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 42. Common Mezereon, Spurge Olive. For. names: German, Seidelbast, Kelleshalls; French, Laureole Gentile; Italian, Laureole femina, Biondella; Spanish, Laureola henbra. Habitat.-In hilly woods over nearly the whole of Europe and Russian Asia. Flowering time.-Early spring. Parts employed.-The bark. Characters.-A smooth erect shrub, 2 to 4 feet high. Before the leaves are fully out in spring the purple, sweet-scented flowers appear in 'clusters of 2 or 3 along the preceding year's shoots Time for collecting.-Before flowering. Preparation.--Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.--~ to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 186 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. MILLEFOLIUM. Achillea Millefolium. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Fig.-Eng. Bot., t. 758. Milfoil or Yarrow. For. names: German, Schaafgarbe; French, Herbe au charpentier. Habitat.-In pastures, meadows, and waste places all over Europe and Russian Asia. Extremely common in England. Flowering time.-The whole summer. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Root-stoc7c perennial, creeping underground, with numerous short, leafy, barren branches. F]lowering stems erect, almost simple, 8 to 10 inches high. Leaves oblong or linear in their outline, but finely cut into numerous short, very narrow, deeply pinnatifid segments. Flower-heads numerous, small, ovoid, in a dense terminal corymb. Florets of the ray seldom above 5 or 6 in each head, white or pink. Time for collecting.-In May and June. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hon. Proving.-Amer. Arzneipriif. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. MORPHIA. See OPIUM. MOSCHUS. Moschus moschiferus, Musk. Class, MAMMALIA. Order, UNGULATA. Fam. BovIDE. Tribe, MOSCHINA. * HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 187 The inspissated and dried secretion of the preputial follicles of the Musk Deer, imported from China and India. Characters.-In irregular reddish-black, rather unctuous grains, having a strong, peculiar, very diffusible odour, and a bitter aromatic taste; contained in a round or slightly oval membranous sac, about 2 inches in diameter, covered on the outer side with stiff greyish hairs-arranged in a concentric manner around its central orifice. Preparation.-Trituration, or tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NAJA. Naja tripudians. Cobra de Capello. Class, REPTILIA. Order, SQUAMATA. Sub-order, COLUBRINA. Fam., ELAPID.E. Ch/aracters.-Sixth upper labial scale small, forming a suture, with a very large temporal scale; generally with a spectacleslike mark on the neck. The poison of this serpent has been partially proved by the late Dr. Rutherfurd Russell. The virus must be collected as explained under the head of Crotalus. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit? or spirit and glycerine? Reference to Horn. Proving.-Brit. Journ. of Hom., xvi. Proper forms for dispensing.-Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 188 HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. NARCOTINE. Vide OPIUM. NATRUM BORACICUM. Vide BORAX. NATRUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Sodic Carbonate. NaCO310H20. The common Soda (German, Langensalz, Sodasalz) of the shops, purified by solution in distilled water and recrystallization. Chzaracters and Tests.-In transparent, colourless, laminar crystals of a rhombic shape, efflorescent, with a harsh alkaline taste and strong alkaline reaction. It imparts a yellow colour to flame, and dissolves with effervescence in diluted Hydrochloric Acid, forming a solution which does not precipitate with Perchloride of Platinum. By heat it undergoes aqueous fusion, and then dries up, losing 63 per cent. of its weight. When supersaturated with Nitric Acid it precipitates only slightly with Chloride of Barium or Nitrate of Silver. One hundred and forty-three grains require for neutralization at least 960 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.--I to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NATRUM MURIATICUM. Present name.-Sodic Chloride. NaC1. Common Salt (German, Kochsalz), purified by recrystallization from solution in distilled water. Characters and Tests.-In small white crystalline grains, or HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 189 transparent cubic crystals, free from moisture, has a purely saline taste, imparts a yellow colour to flame, is soluble in water. The solution is not precipitated by Perchloride of Platinum, but gives with Nitrate of Silver a white precipitate soluble in Ammonia, but insoluble in Nitric Acid. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Provings.-Chr. Kr., iv. (Est. Ztsch. f. Honm., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x and 1, Solution only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NATRUM NITRICUM. Present name.-Sodic Nitrate. NaNO,. Prepared from the native salt (Cubic Nitre) by recrystallization from solution in, distilled water. Characters and Tests.-In colourless obtuse rhombohedral crystals, having a cooling saline taste. Thrown on the fire it deflagrates; warmed in a test-tube with Sulphuric Acid and copper wire, it evolves ruddy fumes. It is soluble in about 2 parts of cold distilled water. The solution gives no precipitate with Nitrate of Silver-or Chloride of Barium. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Provings.--Noack and Trinks. Zeitsch. fir Erfahr., i. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x, Solution only. 1 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NATRUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.-Sodic Sulphate. Na2SO41OH20. Glauber Salts, prepared by-solution and recrystallization. 190 HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Characters and Tests.-In transparent oblique prisms; has a salt and bitter taste; effloresces on exposure to the air; soluble in water, insoluble in spirit. Exposed to heat in a porcelain crucible it loses 55-9 per cent. of water. Heated with solution of Potash no odour of Ammonia is evolved, and no precipitate is formed. Imparts a yellow colour to flame. Fifty grains of it dissolved in distilled water and acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid, give by the addition of Chloride of Barium a white precipitate, which, when it has been washed and dried, weighs 72.2 grains. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Annalen, iii. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. The following Salts of Soda, although they have not yet been regularly proved, have been more or less used by Homceopathists. bATRUM CAUSTICUM. Present name.-Sodic Hydrate. NaHO. Prepared in the same way as Potassic Hydrate (q. v.). Preparation.-Dilutions of Liquor Sodce. NATRUM HYPOPHOSPHORIOUM. Present name.-Sodic Hypophosphite. NaPH202. May be obtained from the manufacturers. Preparation.-This salt keeps best dissolved in syrup. NATRUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Sodic Iodide. Nal. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. This has been stated to have an elective affinity for the periosteum of the jaws. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 191 NATRUM PIIOSPHORICUM. Present name.-Hydrodisodic Phosphate. Na2HPO412H2O. Common Phosphate of Soda, purified by recrystallization. Preparation.-Trituration, or-solution in distilled water. NATRUM SULPHUROSUM. Present Name.-Sodic Sulphite. Na2SO3. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in distilled water. NATRUM SULP URETUM. Present name.-Impure Sodic Sesquisulphide. Na2S3. Prepared by heating together equal parts of Sulphur and Sodic Carbonate. It contains 1 atom of Sodic Sulphate for every 3 atoms of Sulphide. Preparation.-Trituration. NICCOLUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Nickle Carbonate. NiCO3. It is precipitated as a crystalline powder by pouring a solution of Nickle Nitrate into a large excess of a solution of Hydrosodic Carbonate, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying. Characters and Tests.-A pale greyish-green powder, which dissolves with effervescence in dilute Hydrochloric Acid, and produces a beautiful emerald-green solution, which gives a black precipitate with Hydro-ammonic Sulphide, an excess of which partially redissolves the precipitate, forming a dirty brown solution, and a light green precipitate with Potassic Hydrate. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Annalen, iii. 192 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4 dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NICOTINE. Vide TABACUM. NUX JUGLANS. Juglans regia. Nat. ord., JUGLANDACEOE. Walnut. This well-known tree needs no description. Habitat.-Persia and North America. Abundantly grown in Europe. Flowering time.-Spring. Parts employed.-The fresh leaves, or the green unripe fruit. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hyg. xxii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NUX MOSCHATA. Myristica officinalis. Nat. ord., MYRISTICACEE. Synonyms.-Nux Moschata, Nux Myristica. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 43. English name.-Nutmeg. For. names: German, Muskat niisse; French, Le Muscadier; Italian, Noce Moscada; Spanish, Nuz Moscada. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 193 Habitat.-Molucca Islands. Cultivated in the Banda Islands of the Malayan Archipelago. Part employed.-The kernel. Characters.-Oval or nearly round, about 1 inch in length, marked externally with reticulated furrows, internally greyishred with dark brownish veins. It has a strong peculiar odour, and a bitter aromatic taste. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Heraclides, Heft i. Proper forms for dispensing.-r and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NUX VOMICA. Strychnos Nux Vomica. Nat. ord., LOGANIACE.E. Synonym.-Nux Vomica officinarum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 44. Poison-nut. For. names: German, Krdhenaugen; French, Noix vomique; Italian, Noce vomica; Spanish, Mataperros. Parts employed.-The seeds. Characters.-Nearly circular and flat, about 1 inch in diameter, umbelicated, and slightly convex on one side; externally of an ash-grey colour, thickly covered with short satiny hairs; internally translucent, tough and horny; taste intensely bitter, inodorous. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 13 194 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. STRYCHNINUM. Present name.--Strychnia. C21H22N202. This is an alkaloid contained in Nux Vomica and.gnatia. We understand that the latter is the chief source of the Strychnia of commerce. It may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In right square octahedrons or prisms, colourless and inodorous; sparingly soluble in water, but communicating to it its intensely bitter taste; soluble in boiling rectified spirit and in chloroform, but not in absolute alcohol or in ether. Pure Sulphuric Acid forms with it a colourless solution, which on the addition of Bichromate of Potash acquires an intensely violet hue, speedily passing through red to yellow. Not coloured by Nitric Acid; leaves no ash when burned with free access of air. A very active poison. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks, Appx. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. Salts of Strychnia which have been used by Homceopathists, but have not hitherto been proved: STRYCHNIO NITRATE. A very convenient solution of this, containing 1 gr. of Strychnia in 200 minims may be prepared as follows:Take of Pure Strychnia... 1 grain.; Distilled Water... 45 minims; Strong Nitric Acid... 5 minims; Rectified Spirit... 2 fluid drachms. Rub the Strychnine with the water in a glass mortar, 0 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 195 gradually add the spirit, and when perfectly dissolved add the Nitric Acid." STRYCHNIC PHOSPHATE. A solution of this corresponding in strength to the above may be made in the same way, using the following quantities:Of Pure Strychnia, 1 grain; Rectified Spirit, 2 fluid drachms; Dilute Phosphoric Acid (B. P.), 1 fluid drachm and 20 minims. Rub the Strychnia in a glass mortar with the rectified spirit, and then add the dilute Phosphoric Acid gradually. We are indebted for these two formule to Dr. Joseph Kidd, who assures us that he has used these preparations for many years with satisfactory results. OLEANDER. Nerium Oleander. Nat. ord., APOCYNACEAE. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 45. Common Rosebay. For. names: German, Lorbeer-rose; French, Le Laurose; Italian, Oleandro; Spanish, Adelfa. Habitat.-Southern Europe and East Indies. Parts employed.-The fresh or dry leaves of the wild plant. Characters.-On short stalks, linear, lanceolate, acute, entire, smooth, coriaceous, evergreen, marked with numerous transverse ribs or veins beneath. Time for collecting.-Just at the commencement of flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hor. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 196 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. OLEUM ANIMALE. Oleum Animale 1Etherium. Dippel's Animal Oil. German, Hirshhorn-geist. An empyreumatic oil obtained during the destructive distillation of bone, ivory, hair, wool, &c., and then separating the fetid oil from the other products, and purifying it by redistillation from a mixture of the oil and 4 times its bulk of distilled water, and repeating this latter process until a perfectly colourless oil is produced. The chemical constitution of this substance is most complex; it contains at least all the following substances:-Methylia, Ethylia, Tritylia, Tetrylia, and Amylia; Aniline, Pyridine, Picoline, Lutidine, Pyrrol, Benzol, and a mixture of several Nitriles. * " Characters and Tests.-Dippel's Animal Oil is limpid, very liquid, of a specific gravity of 0"75, inflammable, of a disagreeable penetrating odour, and a taste, at first acrid, then bitter. It is very volatile, and usually white; but exposed to the light, it becomes yellow, then brownish, at last of a blackish-brown, and at the same time more thick; it is miscible with alcohol and ether in every proportion; in water, in a small quantity. To be assured that this oil is not adulterated, it suffices to let fall a drop on white paper and then expose it to the air; if the oil is pure, not a spot remains. To test the presence of any vegetable essential oil, as turpentine, &c., we mix it with double its volume of alcohol, shaking well, and then throw it on a filter moistened with spirits of wine; the animal oil remains on the filter, whilst the alcohol passes through, carrying with it the vegetable oil. Finally, to preserve this oil from the influence of the air and light, which changes the colour and consistence, it is necessary to keep it HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 197 in black bottles, stopped with ground-glass stoppers and covered with prepared bladder, tied tight." Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartlaub and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. OPIUM. Papaver Somniferum. - Nat. ord., PAPAVERACEIE. Synonyms.-P. sylvestre, P. sativum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 46. White Poppy. For. names: German, Mohnsaft; French, Pavot des Jardins; Italian, Papavero domestico; Spanish, Adormedera. Habitat.-Asia Minor. Part employed.-The inspissated juice, constituting the Opium of commerce. Characters.-Irregular lumps, weighing from 4 ounces to 2 lbs., enveloped in the remains of Poppy leaves, and generally covered with the chaffy fruit of a species of Rumex. When fresh plastic, tearing with an irregular, slightly moist chestnutbrown surface, shining when rubbed- smooth with the finger, having a peculiar odour and bitter taste. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., i. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 198 HOM(EOPATHI CPHARMACOP(EIA. Substances obtained from Opium which have been used by Homceopathic Practitioners, some of which have been partially but none regularly proved: CODEIN. Present name.-Codeia. C11H21NO3,H20. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In colourless bold rhombic octahedra, - soluble in 80 parts of cold water, freely soluble in alcohol and ether. The watery solution precipitates the Oxides of Lead, Copper, Iron, and several other metals, from solutions of their salts. It is not turned red by Nitric Acid, nor blue by Ferric Chloride, but is precipitated by infusion of Galls. The solution exerts left-handed rotation on a ray of polarized light. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks, a brief notice only. MORPIIUM. Present name.-Morphia. C17H19NO3H20. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In short,. colourless, rectangular prisms, soluble in rectified spirit, but requiring 1000 parts of cold water for solution. In solution it has a bitter taste, a strong alkaline reaction; moistened with Nitric Acid it becomes orange-red, and with solution of Ferric Chloride greenishblue. Preparation.-Trituration, or solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. MORPHIUM ACETICUM. Present name.-Morphia-Acetate. C17H19N3, C2H302. This may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A white powder, soluble in water and in spirit. From its solution potash throws down a precipitate which is dissolved by excess of the alkali. It is affected by Nitric Acid and Perchloride of Iron in the same way as IHydrochlorate of Morphia is. When Sulphuric Acid is added to the salt, acetous vapours are evolved. HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPUEIA. 201 biternate below, simply ternate above. Flowers large, of a fine purple colour; calyx 5 persistent folioles; corolla 5 petals; stamens polyandrous; capsules downy, unilocular, red within, many seeded. Time for collecting.-April. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PARIS QUADRIFOLIA. Paris quadrifolia. Nat. ord., TRILLIACE1E. Synonyms.-Herba Paris, Solanum quadrifolium, Aconitum pardalianches. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 47. Herb Paris, True-love, One Berry. For. names: German, Die Einbeere; French, Parisette, Raisin de Renard; Italian, Uva de Volpe; Spanish, Ubas de Zooro. Habitat.-Woods and shady places in Europe and Russian Asia. Several parts of Britain, but very local. Flowering time.-Spring and early summer. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Stem 9 to 12 inches high, with a whorl of 4 broadly ovate or obovate leaves 2 to 4 inches long. Peduncle rising 1 to 2 inches above the leaves. Perianth yellowishgreen, 4 outer segments, narrow lanceolate, about 1 inch long; 4 inner ones linear and rather more yellow. Anthers linear on slender filaments. Berry bluish-black. Time for collecting.-At commencement of flowering. 202 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., viii. Hartl. and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PETROLEUM. Synonyms.-Bitumen liquidum, Naphtha montana. Petroleum. For. name: German, Steindl. The name Petroleum is employed so loosely to designate numerous liquid hydrocarbons, that it is important to ensure the use of the same substance which Hahnemann employed in his proving. This is evidently Mineral Naphtha, which is made by agitating the liquid portion of Rangoon Petroleum with Sulphuric Acid, and then rectifying the portion which this acid does not act upon. Its chemical constitution is very complex. Characters and Tests.-A light oily fluid, of a pale straw colour, and strong characteristic naphthalic smell. When agitated with strong Sulphuric Acid, no change takes place. Dropped on white paper it evaporates completely, leaving no greasy stain. To secure its freedom from other volatile oils, agitate with twice its bulk of rectified spirit, and filter through bibulous paper previously moistened with rectified spirit. It must be preserved in well-sealed bottles. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-P- to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMCEOPATHIC PIIARMACOPGEIA. 203 PETROSELINUM. Petroselinum sativum. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFERE. Synonym.-Apium petroselinum. Fig.-Engl. Bot., Supplem., t. 2793. Common Parsley. For. names: German, Gemeine Petersilie; French, Percil. Habitat.-A native of the Eastern Mediterranean region, much cultivated, and in this manner naturalised in most places. -Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-An erect glabrous biennial, 2 to 3 feet high, with thick root, and stiff branches. Leaves triangular in outline, twice pinnate, the segments stalked, ovate, lobed, and toothed; upper leaves less divided, with narrow, often linear, entire segments. Umbels all stalked, not very large, but with 15 to 20 rays. General involucre 3, 4, or 5 short linear bracts in partial ditto of several smaller bracts. Flowers rather small, greenish-yellow. The entire plant has the wellknown smell of parsley. Time for collecting.-Just as flowering commences. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof?pirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xviii. Proper forms for dispensing.-q~ to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMTEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 205 like solid, which emits white vapours when exposed to the air. Specific gravity 1-77. It is soft and flexible at common temperatures, melts at 1100, ignites in the air at a temperature a little above its melting-point, burning with a luminous flame and producing dense white fumes. Insoluble in water, but soluble in ether and in boiling Oil of Turpentine. Preparation.-Trituration, using moist Sugar of Milk at first, and bruising the chips of Phosphorus rather than rubbing them. Solution in ether, which if very pure will dissolve nearly 1 per cent. Souhtion in absolute alcohol. When making these solutions, the Phosphorus should be cut into small chips, and in the case of alcohol, at any rate, the mixture in its bottle, with the stopper loose, should be plunged in hot water till the Phosphorus melts, when the stopper should be made firm and the melted Phosphorus well shaken with the alcohol. The solution should be well secured in sealed bottles and kept in the dark. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-Tincture, Pilules, or Globules, for the alcoholic and etherial tinctures. PHYTOLACCA. Phytolacca decandra. Nat. ord., PHYTOLACACEIE. Synonyms.-Phytolacca vulgaris, P. Americana, Solanum racemosum Americanum, Solanum magnum Virginiam, Blitum Americanum. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., pl. iii. Poke. For. names: German, Die Scharlachpere; French, Morrella a Grappes; Italian, Piauta lacca; Spanish, Hierba Carmin. Habitat.--North America. South of Europe, Portugal to Greece. Africa, Barbary States. 206 HOM:(EOPATHIC PHARMAOPCEIA. Flowering time.-Autumnal months. Parts employed.-The root, the leaves, the berries. Characters.-The root is of large size, frequently exceeding a man's leg in thickness, branched, fleshy and fibrous, marked internally with concentric rings of considerable thickness, outer surface covered with a thin brownish bark. Stalks 6 to 9 feet high, round, smooth, and much branched when young; green, but purple after the berries have ripened. Leaves scattered, palmed, ovate-oblong, smooth on both sides, ribbed underneath, entire, acute. Flowers grow on long pedunculated racemes opposite the leaves. Calyx none. Corolla resembles a calyx, whitish, 5 round ovate, concave, incurving petals. Stamens 10, styles 10. Berries dark purple. Time for collecting.-The root, late in the autumn, or during winter. Preparation.--Tincture, using proof spirit, or Trituration of Keith's Phytolaccin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Amer. Trans. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PLATINA. Pre.fent name.-Platinum. Pt. This should be obtained by precipitation from a dilute solution of Platinic Chloride by means of a rod of wellpolished iron, upon which it is deposited as a spongy iron-grey mass, without lustre, soft, and light. To ensure its purity the Platinic Chloride, before it is decomposed, must be tested in the manner directed under that heading. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 207 Preparation.--Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-Px to 3, Trituration only. 4, -dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PLATINA MIURIATICA. Present name. - Platinic Chloride. PtC14. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-Dark orange-yellow prismatic crystals, very deliquescent and also readily soluble in alcohol and ether. In water it forms a deep orange-coloured solution, a drop of which, when stirred on a slip of glass with a drop of a moderately strong solution of Potassic Nitrate, will give a wellmarked yellow precipitate. It also gives a granular yellow precipitate with Ammonic Chloride. The solution becomes bright red on the addition of Stannous Chloride. Preparation.- Solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-A brief notice in Noack and Trinks. PLATINA-NATRIIUM CHLORIDE. Present name.-Sodio-platinic Chloride.2 NaC1,PtCl4,6H20. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. PLATINJE-CHLORETUM CUM AMMONIA. Present name.-Ammonio-platinic Chloride. 2H4NC1,PtCl4. Preparation.-Trituration. Both these may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Both are mentioned by Noack and Trinks, but no proving is referred to. PLUMBUM. Metallic Lead. For. name: German, Blei. This is obtained pure by precipitating it, by means of a 208 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPcEIA. piece of clean zinc suspended in a dilute solution of Plumbic Nitrate, which must be previously tested to ascertain its purity. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-No preparation of Lead has been proved, but our knowledge of its pathogenesis is derived from the numerous cases of poisoning which occur among workers in this metal. There is a good collection of these effects in B. J. H., vol. i, Appendix, and in Noack and Trinks. PLUMBUM ACETICUM. Present name.-Normal Plumbic Acetate. Pb,2CHO2, 3H20. The Sugar of Lead of commerce purified by solution in distilled water and recrystallization. Characters and Tests.-In white crystalline masses, slightly efflorescent, having an acetous odour and a sweet astringent taste. Its solution in water slightly reddens litmus, gives a yellow precipitate with Iodide of Potassium, and is precipitated white by Sulphuric Acid, Acetic Acid being set free. Its solution in distilled water is clear, or has only a slight milkiness, which disappears on the addition of Acetic Acid. Thirtyeight grains dissolved in water require for complete precipitation 200 grain measures of the volumetric solution of Oxalic Acid. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-P-1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 209 PLUMBUM CARBONICUM. Present name.-Plumbic Carbonate. PbCO3. The White Lead of commerce. Characters and Tests.-A soft heavy white powder, blackened by Sulphuretted Hydrogen, insoluble in water, soluble with effervescence in diluted Acetic Acid without leaving any residue, and forming a solution which is precipitated white by Sulphuric Acid, and yellow by Iodide of Potassium. The acetic solution when treated with excess of Sulphuretted Hydrogen, boiled and filtered, gives no precipitate with Oxalate of Ammonia. Preparation.-Trituration. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PLUMBUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Plumbic Iodide. PbI2. Prepared from the Nitrate by precipitation with Potassic Iodide, and washing and drying the bright yellow powder. Preparation.-Trituration. Proper forms for dispensing. -1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PLUMBUM NITRICUM. Present name.-Plumbic Nitrate. 2PbNo3. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. 1 212 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Proper forms for dispensing:--p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PULSATILLA. Pulsatilla nigricans. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACELE. Synonyms.-Anemone pratensis, Herba Venti. Fig.-Flora Hom., pi. 48. Meadow Anemone, Pasque flower, Windflower. For. names: German, Wiesen pulsatilla; French, Pulsatille, Coquelourde. Habitat.--Sandy pastures in Germany, France, Denmark, Sweden, Russia, and Turkey, and in some parts of the south of England. Flowering time.-In spring, and again in August and September. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Root thick, short, sending off several strong fibres. Flower stem 5 to 8 inches high, smooth, beset with soft hairs, with lancinated involucrum. Leaves radical, bipinnate; segments narrow, short, linear, glaucous green. Flowers, sepals 6, oblong, hairy, blackish-purple, with reflexed points. Seedsretaining their styles,which are long anddowny. Botanists do not now distinguish this plant from the Anemone Pulsatilla, and it is certain that the latter has yielded much of the Pulsatilla used in this country, and which has proved satisfactory in practice. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. HOM(EOPATHIC PH-ARMACOPcEIA. 213 Proper forms for dispensing.--~ to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. PULSATILLA NUTTALLIANA. - Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEAE. Synonyms.--Anemone pratensis, A. Ludoviciana, An. Nuttalliana. Fig.-Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. American Pulsatilla. Habitat. - British America; Valley of the Rocky Mountains; on the Missouri and Platte; Illinois; Europe. Flowering time.--Spring. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-About a span high. Flowers, sepals an inch or more long, dull blue or purple; tail of the carpels nearly 2 inches long. Appears to be identical with the European plant, viz. Anemone pratensis or Pulsatilla nigricans; indeed, Dr. Hale does not consider it distinct, but prefers the American plant for American use. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing. -p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RANUNCULUS BULBOSUS. Ranunculus bulbosus. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEXE. Synonym.-R. tuberosus. 214 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 49. Bulbous Crowfoot. For. names: German, Hahnenfuss; French, Re'noncule; Italian, Ranunculo; Spanish, Ranunculo. Habitat.--Meadows and pastures over the greater part of Europe. Flowering time.-Early summer. Parts employed.-Entire plant. Characters.-Stem 1 foot high, usually thickened at base into a kind of bulb. Leaves divided into 3 segments more or less cut. Sepals reflected closely on the peduncle when the flower opens. Carpels glabrous and smooth. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitrag. Proper forms for dispensing.--O to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RANUNCULUS SCELERATUS. Ranunculus sceleratus. Nat. ord., RANUNCULACEIE. Synonym.- Herba sardoa. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 681. Marsh Crowfoot, Celery-leaved Buttercup. For. names: German, Gift Hahnenfuss; French, Herbe sardonique, Grenouillette d'eau. Habitat.-Sides of pools and wet ditches. Over nearly the whole of Europe and Russian Asia. Pretty common in Britain. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 215 Flowering time.-Summer. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-Erect, much branched, annual, 1 to 2 feet high, glabrous, or nearly so. Stem thick and hollow. Leaves, lower ones stalked, divided into 3 or more obtusely toothed or lobed segments; upper ones sessile, with 3 narrow segments. Flowers small, and numerous, petals pale yellow, scarcely longer than the calyx. Carpels very small and numerous in a dense head, which becomes oblong as the fruit ripens. Time for collecting.-In flower and fruit. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitriig. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RAPHANUS. Raphanus sativus. Nat. ord., CRUCIFERE. Common Radish. For. names: German, Rettig; French, Rave; Italian, Rafano; Spanish, Rabano. Habitat.-Native in China; cultivated all over Europe from time immemorial. Flowering time.-Spring. Part employed.-The fresh root. Characters.-The cultivated radish is too well known to require description. The variety used in the proving was that known as the Large Spanish Black Radish. The roots of which are large and turnip-shaped, and the outer skin quite black. Time for collecting.-Autumn. 216 2 HOMLEOPATHIC PHAR31ACOPCEIA. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hyg., xiv. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RATANIA. Krameria triandra. Nat. ord., KRAMERIACEE. Rhatany. Part employed.-The dried root as imported. Characters.-About an inch in diameter, branches numerous, long, brownish-red and rough externally, reddish-yellow internally, strongly astringent, tinging the saliva red. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartlaub and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only; 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RHEUM. Rheum palmatum. Nat. ord., POLYGONACEE. Synonym.-Rhabarbarum. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 50. Rhubarb. For. names: German, Rhabarber; French, Rhubarbe; Italian, Rhabarbaro; Spanish, Ruibarbo. Habitat.-China, Chinese Tartary, and Thibet. Part employed.-The dry root as imported. Characters.-Trapezoidal, roundish, cylindrical, or flattish pieces, frequently bored with one hole, yellow externally, in HOMEUOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 217 ternally marbled with fine, wavy, greyish, and reddish lines; finely gritty under the teeth, taste bitter, faintly astringent and aromatic; odour peculiar. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RHODODENDRON. Rhododendron chrysanthum. Nat. ord., ERICACEE. Synonym.--. officinale. Fig.-Woodw. Med. Bot., t. 149. Golden-flowered Rhododendron. Habitat.-The highest mountains of Siberia and the Caucasus, also in Kamtschatka. Parts employed.-Dried leaves and flower-buds. Characters.-Leaves acute, attenuated at the base, oblong, glabrous, reticulately veined, and of a rusty colour underneath. Flower-buds clothed with rusty tomentum. Pedicels hairy. Time for collecting.-When the flower-buds are well developed but not opened. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitr. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. 218 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMAACOPEIA. RHUS. Rhus toxicodendron. Nat. ord., ANACARDIACEE. Synonym.-Vitis Canadensis. Fig.-Flora Iom., pl. 51. Poison Oak, Poison Ivy. For. names: German, Giftsumach; French, Herbe a la Puce; Italian, Rus Toxicodendro. Habitat.-North America. Flowering time.-June and July. Parts employed.-The fresh leaves, collected at night and never exposed to the sun. Characters.-Leaves on long petioles consisting of 3 leaflets, of ovate or rhomboidal form, pointed, strongly veined, smooth on upper surface, but more or less downy underneath, margin serrated. Time for collecting.-May, before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-R. A. M. L., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RHUS RADICANS. Nat. ord., ANACARDIACEE. It seems still a disputed question whether this differs from R. toxicodendron in anything but habit, Rhus tox. being a dwarf, erect shrub, while R. radicans is a climber. Meantime, since they have been separately proved, and HOWaEOPATHI0 PBARMACOPCEIA. 219 each proving contains symptoms peculiar to itself, it is much the best plan to make tinctures of each and keep them separate. The distinguishing characters of R. radicans are the following: Stem, from 5 to 40 feet high, furnished with numerous radicles by which it adheres to trees and climbs up them like ivy. Leaves trifoliate and resembling R. toxicodendron in shape, but equally smooth at both sides and with margins entire. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Jahr's Symptomen Codex, Hempel's Translation. Proper forms for dispensing.--p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RHUS VENENATA. Nat. ord., ANARCADIACE.E. Synonym.-Rhus Vernix. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., pl. x, described as Rhus Vernix. Poison Sumach, Poison Elder, Varnish Tree. Habitat.-In swamps. Canada and Northern States, Georgia, Louisiana. Flowering time.-June. Parts employed.-Fresh bark of young shoots, or the milky juice which exudes from incisions in the bark. Characters.-A shrub, 8 to 15 feet high, very poisonous to the touch with most persons. Leaves often slightly pubescent beneath. Flowers greenish, mostly dioecious, small. Drupe as large as a pea, not broader than long, compressed. Cotyledons oval, rather thick, and fleshy. 220 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCOIA. Time for collecting.-June to August. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Jahr's Symptomen Codex, Hempel's Translation. N. A. Journ. Horn., vols. vii and xiii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. RUMEX. Rumex crispus. Nat. ord., POLYGONACE.E. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1998. Curled Dock, Yellow Dock. Habitat.-Road sides, ditches, and waste places throughout Europe and Russian Asia. Abundant in Britain. Flowering time.-Summer. Part employed.-The fresh root. Characters.- Root spindle-shaped, yellow. Stems 2 to 3 feet high, with few branches. Leaves radical ones, long, narrow, much waved or crisped at the edges, 6 to 8 inches long, upper ones smaller and narrower, gradually merging into bracts. Flowers in numerous whorls. Inner segments of fruiting perianth, broadly ovate, and one at least bearing on its midrib a coloured tubercle or grain. Time for collecting.-Before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture- only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 221 RUTA. Ruta graveolens. Nat. ord., RUTACEIE. Synonym.-R. hortensis. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 52. Common Rue. For. names: German, Raute; French, Rue des Jardins Italian, Ruta; Spanish, Ruda. Habitat.-South of Europe. Cultivated in our gardens. Flowering time.-June to September. Part employed.--The herb. COaracters.-Hardy, evergreen undershrub. Stem, lower part woody. Leaves doubly pinnate, leaflets obovate, sessile, fleshy, clotted, glaucous, bluish-green. Flowers in umbellate racemes, pale yellow, petals 4 or 5, fringed at the extremity, claws narrow. Smell of plant very strong and disagreeable, taste very bitter, nauseous, hot and acrid. Time for collecting.-Just after flowering has well commenced. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SABADILLA. Asagrea officinalis. Nat. ord., MELANTHACEE. Synonyms.-Veratrum Sabadilla, Helonias off. Fig.-Lind. Bot. Reg., vol. 25, plate 33. 222 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPREIA. Cevadilla. For. names: German, Sabadill-samen; French; Cevadilla. Habitat.-Mexico. Parts employed.-The dried capsuled seeds as imported. Characters.-Fruit about half an inch long, consisting of three light-brown papyraceous follicles, each containing from one to three seeds, which are about a quarter of an inch long, blackish-brown, shining, slightly winged, possessing an intense]y acrid bitter taste. This is the source of the alkaloid IVeratria, which appears to be contained in most of the plants of this natural family. Preparation.-Trituration or Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitr. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SABINA. Juniperus sabina. Nat. ord., CONIFERIE. Synonyms.-Sabina vulgaris, S. sterilis. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 53. Savin. For. names: German, Sagebaum; French, Sabine; Italian, Sabina; Spanish, Sabina. Habitat.-South of Europe and the Levant. Cultivated in this country. Parts employed.-Fresh leaves and points of shoots of cultivated plants. Characters.-Twigs densely covered with minute imbricated appressed leaves in 4 rows; odour strong, peculiar, and unpleasant; taste acrid, bitter, resinous, and disagreeable. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 223 Time for collecting.-May. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitr. Proper forms for dispensing.-O and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SAMBUCUS. Sambucus nigra. Nat. ord., CAPRIFOLIACE.E. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 54. The Elder. For. names: German, Gemain Hollander; French, Sureau; Italian, Sambuco; Spanish, Sauco. Habitat.-Woods, coppices, and waste places in Central and Southern Europe. Common in England and Wales. Flowering time.-Early summer. Parts employed.-The fresh inner bark of the young branches. Characters.-Without smell; taste at first sweetish, afterwards slightly bitter, acrid, and nauseous. Time for collecting.-When flowers and young fruit are on the trees. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SANGUINARIA. Sanguinaria canadensis. Nat. ord., PAPVERACEJE. Synonym.-S. grandiflora. 224 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer. Med. Bot., pl. 7. Blood-root, Red-root, Puccoon. Habitat.-Open woods on light soils. Canada to Florida. Flowering time.-March, April. Part employed.-The rhizoma. Czaracters.--Petals 8 to 12. Stamens 24. Stigmas 2. An acaulescent herb, with a large creeping rhizoma. Leaves reniform, palmately 5-7 lobed. Flowers rather large, white, long, and grey., Time for collecting.-Early in spring or late in autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit; or trituration of Keith's Sanguinarin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SARZA.. Smilax officinalis. Nat. ord.,.SMILACE1E. Synonyms.-S. sarzaparilla, S. medica, S. Peruviana. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 55. Sarzaparilla. For. names: German, Sarsaparell; French, Salsepareille; Italian, Salsapariglio; Spanish, Sarzaparilla. Habitat.--Central America. Part employed.-The dried root as imported from. Jamaica. 226 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPPEIA. SECALE. Claviceps purpurea. Nat. ord., FUNGI. Synonyms.-Secale cornutum, Acinula Clavus, Ergota. Ergot of Rye, Spurred Rye. For. names: German, Mutterkorn, Rogenmutter; French, Ergot, Seigle ergote; Italian, Allogliato. Fig.-Steph. and Church. Med. Bot., pl. 113. This consists of the sclerotium (compact mycelium and spawn) of the above-named fungus, produced within the palese of the common rye, Secale cereale. Characters.-Subtriangular, curved, with a longitudinal furrow on the concave side, obtuse at the ends; from - of an inch to 1- inch in length; of a violet-brown colour on the surface, pinkish within, solid, frangible, fracture short, odour faintly marked, but strong if the powder be triturated with solution of Potash. Preparation.-Tincture of the freshly gathered Ergot, collected before the Rye is harvested, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Brit. Journ. of Hom., vol. iv, Appx. Proper forms for dispensing.-<p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SELENIUM. A non-metallic element, very analogous to Sulphur in many of its chemical properties. It may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A dull, lead-grey, amorphous substance, brilliant and brittle, yielding, when pulverized, a scarlet HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 227 red powder without taste or smell. It fuses at a temperature a little above boiling water, and heated in the air it burns with a blue flame, while part is volatilized in red fumes, emitting an odour like that of Carbonic Disulphide. Insoluble in water, but forming a green solution in strong Sulphuric Acid, from which it is precipitated unchanged by dilution. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Hoin. Proving.-Arch., xii. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SENECIO AUREUS. Nat. ord., COMPOSITE. Synonym.-S. gracilis. Fig.-Rehb. Flor. Germ., 16, pl. 982. Liferoot, Ragwort, Squaw-weed. Indian name.-Uncum. Habitat.-Banks of creeks and low marshy ground throughout the north and west of the United States. Flowering time.-May and June. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-It has an erect, smoothish, striate stem, 1 or 2 feet high, flocose-woolly when young, simple or branched above, terminating in a kind of umbellate, simple or compound corymb. The radical leaves are simple and rounded, the larger mostly cordate, crenate-serrate, and long-petioled; the lower cauline leaves lyre-shaped; the upper ones few, slender, cut-pinnatifid, dentate, sessile or partly clasping; the terminal segments lanceolate; peduncles sub-umbellate, and thick HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 229 SEPIA. Sepia officinalis. Class, MOLLUSCA. Sub-class, CEPHALOPODA. Order, DIBRANCHIATA. Section, DECAPODA. Fam., SEPIADJE. The substance proved by Hahnemann is the peculiar secretion of this mollusc, which is called Cuttle-fish Ink, being the well-known dark brown paint, Sepia. It is brought to this country from the Mediterranean, and should be obtained still enclosed in the bag in which it has been dried. The prepared Sepia of the painters will not do, as it has been acted upon by Potassic Hydrate. Characters.-A dark blackish-brown solid mass, somewhat the size and shape of a grape, very brittle, with a conchoidal fracture, having a faint fishy smell and hardly any taste. Insoluble in water, but readily diffused through it and settling down slowly. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SILICEA. Present Name.-Silicic Anhydride. SiO,. Pure Flint, Silex. German, Kieselerde. Hahnemann directs this to be prepared as follows: "Take half an ounce of mountain-crystal and expose it several times to a red heat, or take pure white sand and wash it with distilled vinegar; when washed mix it with 230 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. two ounces of powdered Natrum, melt the whole in an iron crucible until effervescence has ceased and the liquefied mass looks clear and smooth, which is then to be poured upon a marble plate. The limpid glass which is thus obtained is to be pulverized while warm and to be filled in a phial, adding four times its own weight of distilled water (the phial being exactly filled to a level and a.stopper being put in immediately). This mixture forms a solution which remains always clear; but upon pouring it into an open phial, which is loosely covered with paper, it becomes decomposed, and the snow-white Silica separates from the Natrum and falls to the bottom of the phial." The Silica should then be thrown upon a filter and carefully washed with water to which a little alcohol has been added, and then pressed dry between folds of bibulous paper. The discovery of dialysis by the late Prof. Graham has supplied a method by which a moderately strong solution of pure Hydrated Silica may be obtained. It has not, however, been sufficiently tested as yet to allow of its being admitted as an officinal preparation. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. Proper forms for dispensing.--1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SPIGELIA. Spigelia Anthelmia. Nat. ord., LOGANIACEIE. Synonym.-Anthelminthia quadriphylla. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 59. Pinkroot, Wormgrass. For. names: German, Wurmtreibende; French, Brinvilliere. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 231 Habitat.-South America, Brazil. Flowering time.-July. Part employed.-The dried herb. Characters.-An annual. Root hairy, blackish outside, white within. Stem herbaceous, 1- feet high, channelled and branched. Leaves opposite in pairs, those which terminate the branches 4 together in the form of a cross, ovate, pointed. Flowers in short clustered spikes. When fresh the plant has a poisonous, fetid odour; taste nauseous, remaining long on the tongue. Time for collecting.-When there are flowers and seeds. Preparation.-Trituration; or tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A, M. L., v. Proper forms for dispensing.--O and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SPONGIA TOSTA. Spongia officinalis. Class, POKIFERXE. Turkey Sponge. German, Meerschwamm. The horny skeleton of at least two species of sponge imported in the dry state. Care must be taken to select a specimen which has not been prepared by bleaching, as for the toilet. Before using it it must be cut into small pieces and roasted in a platinum crucible until it has become brown and friable and can be readily reduced to powder. Preparation.-Trituration; or tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., vi. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 233 Parts employed.-The seeds. Characters.-Seeds large, irregularly triangular, wrinkled, externally brown, internally whitish and oily, full of small holes. Taste bitter, acrid, burning. Emits a very disagreeable odour when pounded. Preparation.-Trituration; or tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-R. A. M. L., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-q to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. STICTA. Sticta pulmonaria. Nat ord., LICHENES. Synonyms.-Lobaria pulmonaria, Lichen -pulmonarius, Sticta pulmonalia, Pulmonaria reticulata. Fig.-Sowerby, Brit. Bot., p. 572. Lungwort Lichen. Habitat.-Carolina, U.S.; northern and mountainous counties of England, on the trunks of large trees. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-Leafy, lacineated, obtuse, smooth; above green and pitted, somewhat reticulated; downy beneath; shields mostly marginal. Preparation.--Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPA. 23 235 May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A white powder, insoluble in water, readily dissolved by Nitric and Hydrochloric Acids. The solution, when mixed with a solution of Calcic Sulphate, gives a precipitate after standing a few minutes. If the solution in Nitric Acid is evaporated and allowed to crystallize, the crystals give a brilliant red colour to the blowpipe flame. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartlaub and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.--1 to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. STRYCHNINE. Vide Nux VOMICA. SULPHUR. Common Brimstone. For. name: German, Schwefel. The well-known Flowers of Sulphur carefully washed with distilled water and dried. Preparation.-Trituration; or tincture, using absolute alcohol, which dissolves nearly 1 per cent. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SULPHUR IODIDUM. Present name.-Sulphur Iodide. S212. A crystalline, brittle, steel-grey solid. The-compound is unstable, and gradually loses its Iodine. 236 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference.-A short proving in M. J. H., ii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 3, Trituration only 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. SYMPHYTUM. Symphytum officinale. Nat. ord., BORAGINACEE. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 817. Common Comfrey. For. name: German, Gebrduchlicher Beinwell. Habitat.-Moist banks and borders of meadows in Europe and Western Asia; frequent in England and Ireland. Flowering time.-Spring and summer. Part employed.-The fresh root-stock. Characters.-Root-stock thick, with stout, erect, branching annual stems 2 or 3 feet high. Leaves broadly lanceolate, often 8 to 10 inches long or more, tapering into a long point and rough, with short stiff hairs; the lower ones stalked, the upper ones sessile and decurrent along the stem. Flower-cymes stalked about the last leaf, once or seldom twice forked; the branches forming short one-sided racemes. Flowers all pedicellate, 3 lines long, either pale yellow or a dark dingy brown. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. This has not been proved, and has hitherto been used as an external remedy only. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 237 TABA CUM. Nicotiana tabacum. Nat. ord., SOLANACE.E. Tobacco. Habitat.-America, and cultivated largely there and elsewhere. Parts employed.-The fresh leaves. Characters.-Large, ovate, or lanceolate-acuminate leaves, bearing numerous short glandular hairs. When dry, they are of a mottled brown colour, having a peculiar well-known odour and nauseous, bitter, acrid taste. When the dry leaves are distilled with a solution of potash, they yield an alkaline fluid, which has the peculiar odour of Nicotia, and precipitates with Platinic Chloride and tincture of Galls. Time for collecting.-Before the flowers are developed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Hartlaub and Trinks, iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. NICOTINE. Present name.-Nicotylia. CloH14N2. This powerful poison has not been proved, but some of its effects are given in Brit. Journ. Hom., vol. xvii. TAMUS. Tamus communis. Nat. ord., DIOSCORIACEME. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 91. Black Bryony. 238 HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOPUEIA. Habitat.-Hedges and open woods and bushy places in West Central and Southern Europe, extending to the Caucasus. Common in England. Flowering time.-Spring and early summer. Part employed.-The fresh root-stock. Characters.-An elegant climber, extending a considerable distance over hedges and bushes; easily known by its bright shining heart-shaped leaves, with a tapering point, sometimes almost 3 lobed, but otherwise entire. Flowers small, of a yellowish-green. Berries scarlet, often very numerous. Root-stock large and fleshy, very like that of Bryonia, and hence the root should always be obtained with the bine attached. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. This has not been proved, and hitherto only used as an outward application. TARAXACUM. Taraxacum Dens-leonis. Nat. ord., COMPOSITX. Synonym.-Leontodon Taraxacum. Fig.-Flora Horn., pl. 62. Dandelion. For. names: German, Liwenrahn; French, Dent de Leon, Pissenlit; Italian, Tarapaco, Macerone; Spanish, Diente de Leon. Habitat.-Throughout Europe. A very common weed. Flowering time.-All the summer. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.-A thick tap root, black on the outside, very bitter. Leaves radical, varying from linear-lanceolate and almost entire to deeply pinnatifid, with broad triangular lobes usually pointing downwards, terminal one larger, obovate or 240 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Characters.-Limpid, pungent, with a strong peculiar but well-known odour, and pungent and bitter taste. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Annalen, iii. Proper forms for dispensing.--x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. TEUCRIUM. Teucrium marum verum. Nat. ord., LABIATA. Synonyms.-Marum Syriacum, Margorana Syriaca. Fig.-Woodville's Med. Bot., vol. i, p. 56. Cat-thyme. For. names: German, Katzenkraut; French, Germandrde maritime. Habitat.-The Levant and all along the Mediterranean. Flowering time.-June to August. Parts employed.-The entire fresh herb. Characters.-Stem straight, ligneous, branching, glabrous below, downy above. Leaves opposite, petiolated, oval, obtuse, of a clear green. Flowers rosy, at the end of branches, in the axillae of the leaves. The whole plant has an aromatic camphorous odour, which is peculiarly agreeable to cats; taste bitter, acrid, and hot. Time for collecting.-When in flower and young seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Stapf's Beitr. Proper forms for dispensing.--0 to 1, Tincture only. 3' and upwards, Tincture, Pilides, or Globules. HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMAOOPTEIA. 241 THUJA. Thuja Oceidentalis. Nat. ord., CoNIFERnA. Synonyms.--Arbor Vite, Cedrus Lycea. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 73. American Arbor Vitm. For. names: German, Lebensbaum; French, Thuia du Canada. Habitat.-Canada. Extensively cultivated as an evergreen. Flowering time.-May. Parts employed.-The young shoots. Characters.-Young shoots compressed, vertical, covered with closely imbricated leaves, which are small, obtuse, with a point, smooth; those of the 2 opposite rows compressed and keeled; the intermediate ones flat, with a glandular point or cell of resin at the back. Timefor collecting.-Before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using alcohol 20 o. p. Reference to Hom. Proving.-R. A. M. L., v. (Est. Z. f. Hom., iv. Proper forms for dispensing.-O to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. URTICA URENS. Urtica urens. Nat. ord., URTICACENE. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1286. Small Stinging Nettle. For. names: German, lretnnnessel; French, Ortie grikche. l16i 242 HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. Flowering time.-The whole summer. Parts employed.-The fresh herb. Characters.-An erect branching annual, seldom above 1 foot high, glabrous with the exception of the stiff stinging hairs. Leaves ovate or elliptical, deeply and regularly toothed, more tender than in the other species. Flowers, male and female intermixed, in small, loose, almost sessile, axillary clusters. Time for collecting.-When in flower. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-q- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and izpwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. UVA URSI, Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi. Nat. ord., ERICACEXA. Synonym.-Arbutus Uva Ursi. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 714. Bearberry. For. names: German, Bdrentraube; French, Arbousier, Busserole. Habitat.-Dry heathy and rocky hills, over a great part of Central and Northern Europe, Russian Asia, and Northern America. In Scotland, Norih -England, and Ireland. Flowering time.-Spring. Parts employed.-The leaves. Characters.-The plant is rather like the Crowberry, but the sepals are at the base of the berry instead of crowning it. The procumbent stems form large masses, with numerous shining, 244 HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. VERATRUM. Veratrum Album. Nat. ord., MELANTHACE1E. Synonyms.-Helleborus albus, H. praecox. Fig.-Flora Hom., pl. 65. White Hellebore. For. names: German, Nieszourz; French, Hellebore blanc; Italian, Elleboro'bianco; Spanish, Verdegambra blanco. Habitat.-Alpine, Pyrenean, and other mountainous localities in Europe. Flowering time.-From June to August. Part employed.-The root-stock. Characters.-Root-stock fusiform, fleshy, yellowish-white externally, pale yellowish-grey within, beset with long cylindrical fibres of a greyish colour, as well as some soft, fine, hair-like fibres. Time for collecting.-Early in June, before flowering. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Hom. Proving.-R. A. M. L., iii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. VERATRUM VIRIDE. Nat. ord., MELANTHACE]E. Synonym.-Helonias viridis. Fig.-Bigelow, Amer.. Med. Bot., pl. xxxiii. American Hellebore, Green Hellebore, Itch-weed. HOMWEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 245 Habitat.-By brooks in rocky and mountainous situations from Canada to Carolina. Flowering time.-May to July. Part employed.-The root. Characters.-Closely resembles the Veratrum album; it is a smoother plant, and differs slightly in its flowers, branches, and stalks. Root thick and fleshy, upper portion truncated. Stem 3 to 5 feet high. Leaves, lower ones large, oval, acuminate, sheathing., Time for collecting.-In the autumn. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit; or trituration of Keith's Veratrin. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.-p to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. VERATRIA. C32H52N2Og. Is found in Colchicum, Sabadilla, Verat. alb and viride; it is made usually from Sabadilla. It may be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-Pale grey, amorphous, without smell, but, even in thie most minute quantity, powerfully irritating the nostrils; strongly and persistently bitter, and highly acrid; insoluble in water, soluble in spirit, in ether, and in diluted acids, leaving traces of an insoluble brown resinoid matter. Heated with access of air it melts into a yellow liquid, and at length burns away, leaving no residue. An active poison. It has not been proved. Preparation.-Solution in rectified spirit. HOME6OPATHIC PHARMAOOPUEA. 247 Sweet Violet. For. names: German, Veilchen; French, Violette de Mars. Habitat.-On banks, under hedges, in woods, &c., widely spread over Europe and Russian Asia. Common in Britain. Flowering time.-Early spring. Parts employed.-The entire fresh plant. Characters.-Perennial stock, short, sometimes branched, knotted with remains of old leaf-stalks, emitting creeping runners. Leaves in terminal tufts, broadly cordate, rounded at, top, crenate, downy or shortly hairy with rather long stalks. Stipules narrow-lanceolate or linear, entire. Peduncles as long as leaf-stalks, with a pair of small bracts half way up. Flowers nodding, violet or white, sweet scented. Sepals obtuse. Spur on lower petal short. Stigma pointed, horizontal, or turned downwards. Time for collecting.-In flower and young seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xiii. Proper forms for dispensing.-- to 1, Tincture only. 3x and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. VIOLA TRICOLOR. Viola tricolor. Nat. ord., VIOLACE.E. Synonym.-Jacea. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1287. Heart's-ease, Pansy. For. names: German, Stiefmiltterchen; French, Pensee, Fleur de la Trinite. Habitat.-Hilly pastures and banks, cultivated and 2-48 HOMREOPATHIC PHARMACOPOEIA. waste places throughout Europe and Russian Asia. Abundant in Britain. Flowering time.-From spring till autumn. Parts employed.-The entire plant. Characters.--Very variable, but easily recognised by the branching stem, the large leaf-like stipules deeply divided into several linear or oblong lobes, the central or terminal one the largest, broadest, or most obtuse and by the style, thickened at the top into an almost globular, oblique stigma. Time for collecting.-When in flower and young seed. Preparation.-Tincture, using proof spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Arch., xiii. Proper forms for dispensing.--< to 1, Tincture only. 3X and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. VISCUM ALBUM. Viscum Album. Nat. ord., LORANTHACE&E. Fig.-Engl. Bot., t. 1470. English name.-Mistletoe. Habitat.-Parasitic on many trees, especially on the apple. Extending over the whole of temperate Europe. Common in Southern and especially Western England. Flowering time.-Spring. Parts employed.-Leaves and berries in equal quantities. Characters.-Leaves entire, varying from narrow oblong to nearly obovate, thick and fleshy, and always obtuse. Berry white, semitransparent, enclosing a single seed, surrounded by a very glutinous pulp. Time for collecting.-When the berries are ripe. HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOP(EIA. 251 is in fragments of various sizes, quilled, a line or two in thickness, with a light ash coloured epidermis, which is frequently removed; internally, whitish or glossy; that from the small branches frequently exhibits the prickles. It is faintly odorous, friable with an amylaceous fracture, and has a slightly aromatic taste, succeeded by bitterness and a persistent acridity. Its powder is light grey. Time for collecting.-In the autumn. Preparation.-Tincture of the bark, using rectified spirit. Tincture of the ripe berries, using rectified spirit. Trituration of the expressed oil of the berries. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Proper forms for dispensing.--< and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ZINCUM. Zinc. -German, Zink. Pure metallic zinc reduced to powder by rubbing it on a hone under water. The purity of the metal should first be ascertained by dissolving it in dilute Sulphuric Acid and tested as directed under Zincic Sulphate. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Horn. Proving.-Chr. Kr., v. Proper forms for dispensing.-P- to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ZINCUM OXIDATUM. Present name.-Zincic Oxide. ZnO. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. 252 HIOMCEOPATHIO PHARMACOP(EIA. Characters and Tests.-A soft, nearly white, tasteless and inodorous powder, becoming pale yellow when heated. Dissolves without effervescence in diluted Nitric Acid, forming a solution which is not affected by Chloride of Barium or Nitrate of Silver, and gives with Carbonate of Ammonia a white precipitate which dissolves entirely without colour in an excess of the reagent, forming a solution which is precipitated white by Sulphide of Ammonium. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference to Hom. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-1x to 3, Trituration only. 4, dilute Tincture only. 5 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. ZINCUM SULPHURICUM. Present name.-Zincic Sulphate. ZnSO47H20. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In colourless transparent prismatic crystals with a strong metallic styptic taste. Its solution in water gives white precipitates with Chloride of Barium and Sulphide of Ammonium. Its watery solution is not tinged purple by Tincture of Galls, and when acidulated with Sulphuric or Hydrochloric Acid gives no precipitate with Sulphuretted Hydrogen. After it has been boiled for a few minutes with a little Nitric Acid, it yields with Ammonia a white precipitate which is entirely soluble without colour in an excess of the reagent. Preparation. -Solution in distilled water. Reference to Honm. Proving.-Noack and Trinks. Proper forms for dispensing.-P to 3x, Solution only. 2 and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 253 The following preparations of Zinc have all been more or less used by Homceopathists, but have not as yet been regularly proved. ZTNCUM ACETICUM. Present name.-Zincic Acetate. Zn2C 3023O3H20. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.--Thin translucent and colourless crystalline plates, of a pearly lustre, with a sharp unpleasant taste; evolving Acetic Acid when decomposed by Sulphuric Acid; soluble in water, and the solution precipitated pure white by Sulphuretted Hydrogen. A dilute watery solution is not affected by Chloride of Barium or Nitrate of Silver; and, when slightly acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid, is not precipitated by Sulphuretted Hydrogen; after it has been boiled for a few minutes with a little Nitric Acid, it yields with Ammonia a white precipitate entirely soluble without coloir in an excess of the reagent. Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. ZINCUM CYANURETUTM. Present name.-Zincic Cyanide. ZnCN. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-A white powder, insoluble in water, but dissolved by acids with disengagement of Hydrocyanic Acid, recognisable by its odour. Preparation. -Trit uration. Reference.-A short notice of this occurs in N. A. J. H., vol. ii. ZINCUM IODIDUM. Present name.-Zincic Iodide. ZnI2. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Preparation.-Solition in distilled water. ZINCUM MURIATICUM. Present name.-Zincic Chloride. ZnC12. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-Colourless opaque rods or tablets, every deliquescent and caustic; soluble almost entirely in 254 HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOP(EIA. water, alcohol, and ether. The watery solution is precipitated white by Sulphide of Ammonium and Nitrate of Silver; but, if first acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid, it is not affected by Sulphuretted Hydrogen. Its watery solution is not affected by Chloride of Barium or Oxalate of Ammonia, and is not tinged blue by yellow or red Prussiate of Potash. Ammonia throws down a white precipitate entirely soluble in an excess of the reagent. Preparation.--Solution in distilled water. Reference.-A short notice is given in B. J. H., xi. ZINCUM VALERIANATUM. Present name.-Zincic Valerate. Zn2CH9023H20. May be obtained from the manufacturing chemists. Characters and Tests.-In brilliant white pearly tabular crystals, with a feeble odour of Valerianic Acid, and a metallic taste; scarcely soluble in cold water or in ether, soluble in hot water and alcohol. Heated to redness in an open crucible it leaves a residue which, when dissolved in diluted Sulphuric Acid, yields with Ammonia a precipitate which entirely dissolves in an excess of the reagent, and the resulting solution gives a white precipitate with Sulphide of Ammonium. Its solution in hot water is not precipitated by Chloride of Barium. It gives when heated with diluted Sulphuric Acid a distillate, which, when mixed with the Solution of Acetate of Copper, does not immediately affect the transparency of the fluid, but forms after a little time oily drops, which gradually pass into a bluish-white crystalline deposit. Preparation.-Trituration. Reference.-A short notice is given in B. J. H., xxv. ZINZIBER. Zingiber officinale. Nat. ord., ZINGIBERACEXE. Ginger. For. names: German, Ingiver; French, Gingembre; Italian, Zenzero; Spanish, Gengibre. Habitat.-Hindostan. Cultivated in East and West Indies. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 255 Parts employed.-The scraped and dried rhizome as imported. Characters.-Irregular-lobed decorticated pieces, 3 or 4 inches long, subcompressed, yellowish-white but not chalky on the surface, with a short mealy fracture, hot taste, and agreeable aroma. Powder yellowish-white. Preparation.-Tincture, using rectified spirit. Reference to Horn. Proving.-New Provings, Philadelphia, 1866. Proper forms for dispensing.--O and upwards, Tincture, Pilules, or Globules. HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPGEIA. 257 give approved recipes for the following general forms, which can then be medicated by' any remedy desired. These general forms are, Ointments, Liniments, Lotions, and Injections, in the preparing of which the following substances are employed. ADEPS PRIEPARATUS. Synonym.-AXUN GIA. Prepared Lard. The purified fat of the hog, Sus scrofa, Linn. "Take of The internal fat of the abdomen of the 14 pounds. hog, perfectly fresh... Remove as much of the membranes as possible, cut the fat into small pieces, put it into a suitable vessel with about 4 gallons of cold water, and, while a current of water is running through the vessel, break up the masses of fat with the hands, exposing every part to the water, so that whatever is soluble may be thus dissolved and carried away. Afterwards collect the washed fat on a sieve or in a cloth, drain away as much as possible of the water, liquefy the fat at a heat not exceeding 212~ and strain through flannel, pressing the residue while hot, then put it into a pan heated by steam and keep it at a temperature a little but not much above 212~, stirring it continually, until it becomes clear and entirely free from water; finally strain it through flannel. Characters and Tests.-A soft white fatty substance, melting at about 100~. Has no rancid odour; dissolves entirely in ether. Distilled water in which it hias been boiled, when 17 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. 259 Gharactters and Tests.-Crystalline, pearly white, glistening, translucent, with little taste or odour, reducible to powder by the addition of a little rectified spirit. Scarcely unctuous to the touch; does not melt under 100~. GLYCERINUM. Glycerine. C311H03. A sweet principle, obtained from fats and fixed oils, and containing a small percentage of water. Characters.-A clear colourless fluid, oily to the touch, without odour, of a sweet taste; freely soluble in water and in alcohol. When decomposed by heat it evolves intensely irritating vapours. Specific gravity 1-25. OLEUM OLIVJE. Olive Oil. The oil expressed in the South of Europe from the ripe fruit of Olea europoea Linn.; Steph. and Church. Med. Bot., pl. 15. Characters.-Pale yellow, with scarcely any odour, and a bland oleaginous taste; congeals partially at about 36'. SAPO DURUS. Hard Soap. Soap minade with olive oil and soda. Characters.--Greyish-white, dry, inodorous; horny and pulverizable when kept in dry warm air; easily moulded when heated. Soluble in rectified spirit; not imparting an oily stain to paper. Incinerated it yields an ash which does not deliquesce. 260 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. SAPO MOLLIS. Soft Soap. Soap made with olive oil and potash. Characters.-Yellowish-green, inodorous, of a gelatinous consistence. Soluble in rectified spirit; not imparting an oily stain to paper. Incinerated it yields an ash which is very deliquescent. OINTMENTS. May be prepared in various ways, viz., 1. With PREPARED LARD alone; this has the disadvantage of soon becoming rancid. 2. With SPERMACETI OINTMENT, prepared as follows: Take of Spermaceti... 5 ounces; White Wax... 2 ounces; Almond Oil... 1 pint, or a sufficiency. Melt together with a gentle heat, remove the mixture, and stir constantly while it cools. 3. Should a firm ointment or CERATE be required, the following proportions are preferable: Take of Spermaceti... 3 ounces; White Wax.... 6 ounces; Olive Oil.... 14 fluid ounces. Melt the spermaceti and wax in a water bath, stir in the oil, and when cool, but not set, gradually add the medicating tincture and stir briskly till cold. 4. A fourth and very suitable form of ointment has for its basis GLYCERINE OF STARCH, prepared as follows: HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 261 "Take of Starch..... 1 ounce; Glycerine.... 8 fluid ounces. Rub them together until they are intimately mixed, then transfer the mixture to a porcelain dish, and apply a heat gradually raised to 2400, stirring it constantly until the starch particles are completely broken and a translucent jelly is formed." In the great majority of instances the proportion of 1 in 10 will be found satisfactory in making all these ointments, say 47 minims to the ounce, or, if it is desired to be very accurate, 1 drachm of the medicine to 9 drachms of the ointment. Holding a place intermediate between ointments and liniments, are theGLYCEROLES. These consist of the medicine mixed with glycerine, and the proportions usually employed are the same as in the case of ointments. They form very convenient preparations, and, being soluble in all proportions in water and in alcohol, they can be diluted to form both liniments, lotions, and injections. OPODELDOCS Are semisolid liniments; they are prepared as follows: Take of White Curd Soap, free from scent lo >- 4^ ounces; and perfectly neutral.. Rectified Spirit... 15 fluid ounces; Distilled water... 9 fluid ounces. HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 269 I I I i Quin. globules 1-3. DOSE. Jahr. - gtts. 1-3, or grs. 1--2. DURATION OF ACTION. ANTIDOTES. - 1 I 34 35 36 37 38 3~ 4C 6 30 6,9 12, 15 1, 2, 1 3 18 21, 24,... 0,1,2. 1,2,3,4,6, 12 3x and upwards... 0,1,2... 0, 1, 2,,1,2 2...,1,23... 1,2, 3 lx-3x..... 1,2,3... 1,2,3 30... 1,2,3,6,12 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 30 30 15, 18, 24, 30 30 3x, 3 3x, 3 0-30, 1, 2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1, 2, 3 1,2,3?P 6 days 8-14-36 days P 2 to 6 days Above 14 days 8 to 14 days 6 weeks Ditto P About 48 days Ditto Ditto Above 3 weeks P P Several weeks 5 to 7 weeks For many weeks Upwards of 50 days Several weeks Several days 15 days P 6 to 8 weeks P About 50 days 8 days and upwards P 1 or 2 days -. to ~ hour Several weeks Camph. Ipec., Nux v., Samb.. Hep. s. P Vinegar. Chin., Puls. Camph., Vinegar. Bell., China, Caps.. Mere. Ditto. P Camph. Ditto. Ditto. Op., Hyos., Puls., Hep s., Coff., Wine. P P Camph. Calc., Caps., Nux v. Cham., Coff. Camph. Ditto. Cham., Coff., Op.. Tereb. Rhus, Camph., Ign., Nux v. Camph., Acon.? Caps., Cold water. P Camph., Sp. jEthcr. Nitros. Bry., Nux v. P P Opium. Camph. 55 56 57 2,3,4 58 gtt. i, 1i 59 18,30 60 61 62 63 64 gtt.i, tinct. 3 30 1,2,3... 1, 2, 3. 1,2,3,,1,2,3 0.,12,... 0, 1,2, 3 f270 2IOMEOPATRICO PIA1IMACOPCEI0A. NAME. CONTRACTIONS. ENGLISH NAME. 65 66 67 68 69 70o Ca'ntharis vesicatoria Ca'psicum a'nnuum Ca'rbo anfina'lis )I vegeta'bilis Casto'reum Caulophy'llum Thalyctroi'des Cau'sticum Ce'dron Chamomi'lla (Matricatria) Chelido'nium ma!jus Chi'na officiua'lis 71 773 7"4 75 76 Chini'num sulphu'ricum 77 Cinchoni'num sulphu'ri cum 78 Cicu'ta viro'sa 79 Ci'na se'men Canth. Caps. Carb.-a. Carb.-v. Cast. Caul. Caust. Cedr. Chain. Chel. Chin. Chin.-s. Cinch.-s. Cicut. Cina Cinn am. Cistus Clem. Cocc. Cocc.-c. Coff. Coich. Collin. Coloc. Con. Copaiv. Cor.-r. Croc. Crotal. Crot. Cupr.-a. Cth. Cap. Cb.-a. Cb.-v. Cas. Cau. Cha. Chd. Chi. Ch.-s. Cn.-s. Cic. Cin. Cis. Cle. Coc. Ccs. Cof. Cob. Col. Con. Cop. Cor. Cro. Crt. Ctn. Cu.-a. 80 So 812 83 84 85 Spanish Fly Cayenne Pepper Animal Charcoal Vegetable Charcoal Castor Blue Qohosh Cinnamo'mlui Cis'tus Canade'nsis Cle'iatis ere'ta Co'cults I' ndicus Co'ccus Ca'cti Coffae'a c-u'da Wild Chamomile Great Celandine Cinchona Sulphate of Quinine Sulphate of Cinchonine Water Hemlock Mugwort of Judaea Cinnamon Canadian Rock-rose Upright Virgin's-bower Cocculus Indicus Cochineal Raw Coffee Meadow Saffron Horse Balm Bitter Cucumber Hemlock Copaiva Red Coral Saffron Rattlesnake poison Croton Acetate of Copper 86 Co'lchicum autumna'le 87 Collinso'nia Canade'nsis 88 Colocy'nthis 89: Coni'um macula'tum 90, Copa'iva 91ý Cora'llium ru'brum 90, Cro'cus sati'vus 93 Cro'talus ho'rridus 94i Cro'ton Ti'gliun 951 Cu'prum ace'ticum HOMCDEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCGIA.27 271 Q~uin. globules 1-3. DOSE. Ja hr. - gtts. 1-2, or grs. 1-2. DURATION OF ACTION. ANTIDOTES. 65 66 67 68 69 70 30 9 24,530 30 30 71 72 73 741 75 80 81 82 83 84 85 30 12 gtt. i., 0 24, 30 30 9 gtt. i, 1, 3 3, 9 30 3,30 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 24,330 30 Ix. 30 6 15P 18,)24,30 25%3, 4.. 1-6 6..,11,2, 3.. 01)2)3 0,1,2,3 1,22 11 1X-3x. 31,2,3 01,23 3x-30.. 01,23 Above 14 days 3 weeks 20-36 days 20-36 days 6 or 8 days 50 days -Several days 14 days From a few days several weeks Days or weeks Ditto Camph. Ditto. Ditto. Ars., Cainph., Coff. Camph., 0 p Sp. A~th. Nitr., Coff. tol 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 3 weeks 12 days 9 days 30-40 days 9 days 10 days Several weeks 30 to 40 days 30-35 days 10-14 days Above 50 days 8 days and upwards Several weeks Several days 15-21 days Arn, Tabac. Bry., Chin., Ipee. Bry., Camph. Campli. COff, Igil., Puls., Aeon. Camph. Ferr., Ipec., Am., Bell., Verat. Ferr.? Ditto. P Aeon., Nux v., Chain. Ign. Coco., Nux v., Puls. Caust., Chain. Mere., Mere. e. Gale. Opium. Phos. Coc., Nux v., Hep. a., Ipee., Bell., Duic., Chin. Elyos.. '172 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. NAME. CONTRACTIONS. ENGLISH NAME. - I I 97 98 99 100 Cuprum arsenico'sur meta'llicur sulphu'ricum Cy'clamen Europam'um Da'phne I'ndica 1011 Digita'lis purpu'rea 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112L 113 114 115 116 118 119 1230 121 122 123 124 125 Dioscore'a vilio'sa Dro'sera rotundifo'lia Dulcama'ia (Sola'num) Elaps Corafli'nus Elate'riur Eupato'rium perfolia'tur Eupato'rium purpu'reum Eupho'rbium Euphra'sia officina'lis Fe'rrurn ace'ticur iodi'durn magne'ticur Fi'lix mas Gelsemi'num sempervl'rens Glo'noine Gra'natum (Pu'nica) Graphi'tes Gua'iacum Gu'mmi Gu'tti Hamame'lis Yirgi'nica Helle'borus ni'ger Helo'nias dio'ica He'par Su'lphuris Hydra'stis Canade'nsis Cupr.-ars. Cupr. Cupr..s. Cycl. Daph. Dig. Dioso. Dros. Dule. Elaps Elat. Eup.-perf. Eup.-pur. Euphorb. Euph. Ferr.-a. Ferr.-I. Ferr.-mag. Filix Gelsem. Glon. Gran. Graph. Guaiac. Gum. G. Hama. Helleb. Helon. Rep. S. Hydrast. 0.-ar. Cup. C.-su. Cyc. Dph. Dig. Dro. Dul. Elt. Ept. Eub. Eup. Fer. F.-io. Fil. Glo. Gin. Grp. Gui. Gum. Ham. Hel. Rep. Arsenite of Copper (Scheele's Green) Copper Blue Vitriol Sow-bread Indian Daphne Foxglove Hairy Yam Sun-dew Bittersweet (Woody Nightshade) Coral Snake Squirting Cucumber Bone-set Gravel Root Spurge Eyebright Acetate of Iron Iodide of Iron Magnetic Oxide of Iron Male Fern Yellow Jasmine Nitro-glycerine Pomegranate Plumbago Guaiac Gamboge Witch Hazel Christmas Rose Blazing Star Liver of Sulphur Golden Seal I I HOM~EOPATHIC PHARMAOOPCE IA. 2' 273 Quini,. 1gLobules 1-3. DOSE. Jahr. - gtts. 1-2, or grs. 1-2. DURATION OF ACTION. ANTIDOTES. 96 1,2,3 97 98 99 1100 18,)24, 30 15,-30 24 1101 102 103 lO04 105 106 107 108 109 110 i11 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 24, 30 30 30 30 9 18,1 24, 30 gtt. i, 0 9,12 30.. 1,213 1, 2 1)2,3 0,1,2,3 3-30.o?.. 01,2,3.. 1)2,3 0-30.. 3x-30..? 1, 2,3..,1,2,3.. 2,314 1,,-30..,13 2, 3 0-3x.. 0-30 15-21 days Ditto Ditto 2 to 3 weeks Several weeks Several days, or 6 weeks 2 or 3 weeks 12-40 days Several weeks 48 days 3-4 weeks Many days Ditto Ditto 48 days 35 days 7-17 days p Several weeks Above 50 days P P Opium. Oamph. Camph., Ipec., Mere. Lemon-juice, Camph. Camph., Puls. Rep. s., puls. Ditto. Ditto. Camph. Ars., Nux v., Wine. Kali c., Op., Coff. Veg. acids. Coc., Nux v., Rep. s., Ipec., Bell., Duic., Chin. Ditto. Ditto. Puls. Bry., Dig., Rhus, Sil., Sep., Zinc. Phos.? 121 122 123 124 125 p Camph., China p Bell., Vegetable acids. 18 HOMCE0PATHIO PHARMACOcE IA. '7 27 '1 Qu~i. glIobules 1-3. DOSE. Jahr. - gtts. 1-2, or tars. 1 DURATION OF ACTION. ANTIDOTES. --1 - 1 1 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163ý 164 165 166 167 168 169. 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 0b,2,3 12 p 15 1-30 1-30 2-30 1-30 1-30 1-30 1, 2,6 IS, 6... 1-30 15... 1,2,3.... 0 1,, 30... 1, 2, 3.. 3-6.. 12... 2,3 30... 2,3 2,3 30... 223 30... 293 3... 0,112)6 18)24)30.. 3, 6,12, 15, 18,)24,)30 6. 3..- 1,2,3?,430... 132)3 30... 12),3,6 3 9 3x-30.. 18... 11-213 0...,122,3 6... ) 1) %3 30... 1),2),3)6,12ý 15 to 21 days -Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto 6 or 7 weeks 3 hours to 3 days 1 to 24 hours 30 to 36 days Above 40 days Ditto Ditto 4 to 14 days 8 days to 3 weeks 8, 12, 15 days Ditto Severil days to 3 weeks A few hours Abvp0dy p Above 40 days Campli. p Hep. s., Nitr. ac... Camph., Opium. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Campb., Mere. Camp'h., Coff. Camph. Camph., Sp. 2E th. Nitr. Ditto. Ditto. Camph. Wine, Camph., Coff.. Aeon., Chain. Ditto. Campli., Cocc., Nux v. Camph., Nux v., Op. Ipec., Campli., Coff. Campli., Coff. is, 2 Nax v. Campli., Nux v. Wine, Coff.. 278 278 HOM(EOPATHIO PHARMACOPKETA. NA-ME. CONTRACTIONS. ENGLISH NAME. --I I 186 187 188 189 190 191 Phytola'cca deca'ndra Pla'ti-na Plu'mbum Podophy'llum pelta'tuma Pru'niis spino'sa Pulsati'lla ni'gricans 11921 Ranu'nculus blulbo'sus 193 31 scelera'tus 194 Ra'plianus sati'vus 195 196 197.1981 Rata'nia Rheum palmatum Rbodode'ndron chrysa'nthum Rhu's toxicode'ndixon 199 radi'cans 200 venena'fa 20 l Ru'mex cri'spus 202c Ru'ta gra'veolens '203 Sabadi'lla 1204 Sabi'na (Juni'perus 205- Sambu'cus ni'gra "006 Sanoiiina'ria Canade'nsis 2w0 7 Sarzapari'lla,208 Sci'lla 009~! Seca'le cornau'tum i10i Sele'nium:2111 Sene cio au'reus:i121 Se'nega (Poly'gala) 2l13 Se'pia ý2141Sl'e oj1"! Spige hia a~nthe'lmia Phytol. Plat. Plumb. Podoph. Prmn. Puls. Ran.-b. Ran.-s. Raph. Rat. Rheum Rhod. Rhus Rhus-rad. Rhus-ven. Rumex Ruta Sabad. Sabin. Samb. Sang. Sarz. Scill. Secal. Selen. Senec. Seneg. Sep. Sil. Spig. Phy. Pla. Pib. Pod. Pru. Pul. Rn.-b. Rn.-s. Rap. Rat. Rhe. Rho. Rhs. Rs.-r. Rs.-v. Rut. Sbd. Sab. Sam. San. Say. Squ. Sec'. Sel. Sng. Sep. sil. Spi. Poke Platinum Lead Duck's-foot Sloe Windfiower Bulbous Crowfoot Celery-leaved Crowfoot Radish Rhatany Rhubarb Yellow Rhododendron Poison Oak Poison Vine Varnish Tree Curly Dock Rue Indian Caustic Barley Savine Elder Blood-root Sassaparilla Squill. Ergot of Rye Selenium Squaw-weed Snake-root Sepia (Cuttlefish) Pure Flint Indian Pink H0M(E0PATHI0 PHARMACO0PEIA.27 279 - 186 187 188 189 190 191 DOSE. Q it i. globules 1-3. Jo hr. gtts. 1--C), or ge. 1-. DURATION OF ACTION. ANTIDOTES. I I 6 30 12 6,9, 12 9,30 192 193 194.. 1,2,3,6,12 1'-30.. 01, 2, 3,12 1,15,18 11,231 13213,1,% 3 ol1,2%36 Nearly 40 days Above 15 days 1 to several weeks 10 to 12 days 8 hours to 6 weeks Several weeks 6 hours to 10 days Coff., Op., Igna. Puls. Op. Nux v. Camph. Chain., Coff.,. Ign.. Nux v. Bry., Cainph., Puls.. Rlaus. Puls., Wine, Coff. Copious drinks water. of 195 3, 30 196, 3,9 197112) 18, 24, 30 198 9,12,230 199! 200 201 202 1,32,3 203, 183 24, 30 2041 6 - 9,115, 24 2051 Df,- i- & P 4 hours to some days Camph., Chain., Coff. 5 or 6 weeks Chain., Rhus, Clemn. 1-30 1-30 6-30 0,11223 1,293,,6 12,21316 0,p1,2,3 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 30 18 30 30 9,12 30 -L,, 3x.... 132,3.. 23,3,6, 12 2),3y,6312 2, 3,6 6 weeks Ditto Ditto 1-14 days 14 days Some weeks 3 hours to several days Above 35 days 114 days 2 to 12 hours 3 or 4 weeks 40 to 50 days 40 days -1 weeks Bry., Suiph., Cainph., COff Ditto. Ditto. Camph. Puls., Cainph. Cainph. Ars., Cainph. CainplP Campli. Sol. nig., Cainpli. Ign., Pals. p Amn., Cainph., Bell. Ant. c., Ant. t., A Acids. Hep. s-, Cainph. Catuph. Bry., 18,330 30 SUPPLEMENT. THIS consists of the two following classes of medicines: PART I.-Medicines which have only been partially proved, or, if proved, have been so little used that no certain knowledge exists of their real value. PART II.-Substances whose physiological action is more or less known, but which have not yet been proved. It has been deemed advisable to exclude all medicines of which none other than empirical knowledge at present exists. 286 HOM(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. Parts used.-The root, or, better still, the ripe fruit. Preparation.-A tincture. BESCULUS GLABRA. Nat. ord., SAPINDACEA. Faetid or Ohio Buckeye. Some account of this plant, and a very partial proving, are given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies, 2nd edition. Part employed.-The bark; the whole fruit. Preparations.-Of the bark, a tincture. Of the whole fruit, a trituration or a tincture. ALCOHOL SULPHrr IS. CS2. Synonym.-Bisulphuret of Carbon. Present name.-Carbonic Sulphide. Provings are published in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med., Brit. Journ. of Hom., vol. xv, p. 253, and North Amer. Journ. of Horn., vol. ii, p. 374, and Hering's Amer. Mat. Med. Preparation.-A solution in alcohol. ANAGALLIS ARVENSIS. Nat. ord., PRIMULACEB. Scarlet Pimpernel, Poor Man's Weather-glass. A proving is given in Marcy and Peters' New Mat. Med. Part used.-The entire fresh herb. Preparation.-A tincture. ANISUM. Pimpinella Anisum. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFEIE. Anise-seed. A short proving is given by Marcy and Peters in their New Mat. Med. Part used.-The seed. Preparation.-A tincture. HLOMUEiO1PATHIC PHAR-MACOP(E IA. 28 289 ASTACUJS FLUIJYATILIS, vide CANCER ASTACUS5. ASTERTAS MJI3ENS. Class, EciiiNoDERLMATA. Order, ASTE ROIDEA. Earn.,ASTERIADAE. Genus, URASTER. Synonyin.-Uraster rubeus. Common Star-fish. A proving of this by Dr. Petroz is given in his E~tudes de, The'rapeutique. Part used.-The whole animal? Preparation.- A triturationP ATHAMANTA OREOSELINUM. - Nat. ord., ITMBLLllR.Mu. Synonym)s.-Peucedanum o., A pium. moutanum. M~iountain Parsley. Aproving- of this is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The fresh herb. Preparation. -A tincture. BADIAGA. An organic substance found under fresh water in Russia; stated by some to be a siliceous sponge, by others to be a Conferv 'a. A proving exists in. the Jlahnemannian Monthly, vol. ii. Preparation.-Trituration of the dried substance. BELLIS PERENITIS. - Nat. ord., COMPOSIT.M The Daisy. A good account of this, and a partial proving, are given by Dr. Thomas, of. Chester, in his Additions to the Horn. Mat. Med. Part used.-The whole plant. Preparation.-A tincture. J3ETONIA AQIJATICA,,vide SCROPIIULARJA AQIJATICA. ]3RA.NOA IRSINA. Nat. ordi., UMIJELJirERIJE. Synon~ym.-Heracleum sphondylium., 19 HIOMi(EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(E IA. 291 CARDUUS BENEDICTUS. Nat. ord., CoMPosITE. - The Blessed Thistle. A proving of this is referred to in the Pathogenetic Cyclopwedia. - Part used? PrPeparation? CASCARILLA. Nat. ord., EUPHORBIACEE. Croton Eluteria. Jahr gives a short proving of this in his Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The bark. Preparation.-Tincture. CHENOPODIUM GLAUOUM. Nat. ord., CHENOPODIAOEA. Oak-leaved Goosefoot. In Jahr's proving in the Symptomen Codex the Aphis which infests this plant is stated to have been used, and not the plant itself; whereas in Jahr's, Gruner's, and Buchner's Pharmacopceias the plant is directed to be used. Part used.-The fresh plant. Preparation.-Tincture. CIMEX LECTUILARIUS. Class, INSECTA. Order, HETEROPTERA. Section, AuxocoRIsA. Fan., CIMICIDn.. Genus, CIMEX. Species, LECTULARIUS. Common Bed-Bug. A proving of this will be found in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The entire insect. Preparation.-Trituration. COBALTUM. A proving of this by Dr. Hering was published in Philadelphia in 1866. Preparation.-Trituration of the pure metal, obtained in a spongy form by reducing the chloride by hydrogen; HOMREO1PAT'LitU PHAfRC-DMACOPCIGA..COCCIONELLA SEPTEMPUNCTATA. Class, INSECTA. Order, COLEOPTERA. &_eC., PSEUDOTRIMERA. FaIm., COCCINELLIDi. Common Ladybird. A fragmentary proving of this is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. This must not be confounded with Coccus Cacti, the COchineal, to which it bears no resemblance. Part used.-The whole insect, crushed when alive. Preparation. -Tincture. COCHLEAREA ARMORACIA. Nat. ord., CRUCIFERI. Synonym.-Armioracia rusticana. H-orse Radish. A fragmentary proving appeared in Marcy and Peters. Part used.-The root. Preparation.-Tincture. COTYLEDON UMBELICUS. Nat. ord., CRASSULACEE. Wall Pennywort. A proving of this was published in the Brit. Journ. of Hom., vol. ii. Part used.-The fresh leaves. Preparation.- Tincture. CUBEBA OFFIOINALIS. Nat. ord., PIPERACE.E. Cubebs. A fragmentary proving is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex, and a more extended one in the Hahnemannian Monthly, vol. ii. Part used.-The dried unripe fruit. Preparation. -Tincture. DOLICIOS PRURIEKS. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOSs. Synonyin.-Mucuna p. ITHOMEOPATTITC PHATR[ACOPETA,. 293 Cowhage. A fragmentary proving of this is given in North Amer. Journ. of Horn., vol. i. Part used.-The setme which cover the pods. Preparation.-Tincture. E]RIGERON CANADENSE. Nat. ord., COMPOSITsi. Flea-bane. An account and proving of this is given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Part used.-The root. Preparation.-Tincture. "ERYNGIUAM AQUATICUM. Nat. ord., UMBELLIFERIE. Button Snake-root. An account and proving of this is given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Part used.-The root. Preparation.-Tincture. ERYTIHROXYLON COCA. Nat. ord., ERYTHROXYLACEIE. Coca. An excellent proving of this by Dr. Ch. Miller may be seen in the Brit. Journ. of Homr., vol. xv. Part used.-The fresh leaves. Preparation.-Tincture. EUGENIA TAMBOS. Nat. ord., MYRTACE2E. -The Malabar Plum-Tree. A short proving of this is given in Jahr's Symptoinen Codex. Part used? Preparation.-Tincture. EUPHORBIA COROLLATA. Nat. ord:, EUPHORBIACERE. Large-flowering Spurge. 294 24 HOM-\IE4OPATHIC PHIARAMACOPCETA. An account and a partial proving of this are given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Part used. -The root. Preparation.-Tinicture. EYONYMUS EUROPE US. Nat. ord., CELASTRAOEIE. Spindle-Tree. A short proving of this is given in Jahr',s Syinptomen Codex. Part used.-The ripe fruit.. Preparation.-Tincture. GA-DTJ5MORRHUA. Class, Pjiscio~s. Order, MA-LACOPTERYGIT. Sisb-order, SUB1 -J3RACHTII. Family, GA-DIDE. The common Cod. Dr. Petroz gives a proving of the first cervical vertebra of this fish in his iItudes. 1 Preparation.-Trituration. GUAREA TRICHTILIOTDES. Nrat. ord., ME LIAOEA.M Bois a' balle, Bois ronge (Cayenne). This has been proved by Dr. Petroz, and rei"orted in his lA-tudes. Part used.-Powder of the root. Preparation.-Tincture. GENTIAK-NA CRIrcA.TA. Nat. ord., -GENTIA.NAcEEA. Crosswort Gcntian. A proving of this is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The root. Preparation. -Tincture. GENTIA.NA LTJTEA. Nat. ord., GENrTANACEA M synonym.-0-. Lutetia. Ashort proving is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The root. Prep aration.-Tincture. H-OAPCEOPATHIC 0'PHAR-AACOPCETIA.29 295 GINSENG. Nat. ord., ARALTACBIN. Panax Ginse-ng. A proving of this is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The root. Prepgaration.-Tincture. GNAPEHALITIM POLYCEPHATJUMW. Nat. ord., CoMPOSITIE. Cud-weed. A notice and short proving of this and G. uliginosum are given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Part used.-The -fresh herb. Preparation.-Tincture. GRATIOLA OFFHOINALIS. N~at. ord., SOROPHUIJARrAOE~.M Hedge Hyssop. A proving of this is gi 'ven in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The entire plant. Preparation. -Tincture. GYMNOCLiADUS CANADENSIS. Nat. ord., LEGUMNOS.M. American Coffee Tree. An account of this, and a fragmentary proving, are given in Dr. Hale's New Remedies. Part used.-The pulp surrounding the seeds. Preparation.-Tincture. HIEMkTOX"YLOI CAMPEcHNIIUM. Nat. ord., LEGUIMINO5S2E. Logwoocl Tree. A short proving is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.-The heai t-wood. Preparation.-Tincture, HEJYY5AUUM IL]YEFON5IATSTUM. Nat. ord., LEGUMINos2E. Carapicho. A proving of this is given by Dr. Mure. Part used.-The leaves. Preparation.-Tincture. 296 HOM3EOPATHIC PHARMIACOPEIIA. IELTANTHUS ANNUUS. Nat. ord., CorMPosITE. Common Sunflower. A fragmentary proving is given in vol. i of North Amer. Journ. of Hom., and a notice of its use in catarrh in Brit. Journ. of Hom., vol. ii. Part used.-The seed in the proving. The fresh juice of the flower clinically. Preparation.-Tincture. IHELIOTROPIUM PERUYIANUM. Nait. ord., EHRETIACEE. Garden Heliotrope. A proving of this plant will be found in Arch., xix. Part used.-The entire fresh herb? Preparation.-Tincture? IRIDIUM. A rare metal, found in the Uralian ores of Platinum. It is being proved at the present time (December, 1869) in America. Preparation. -Trituration. JALAPA. Nat. ord., CONrvOLYULACEs. Exogonium Purga. Common Jalap. There is a proving in Noack and Trinks. Part used.-Tbhe dried tubercles. Preparation.-Tincture. JATROPHA CURCAS..NATat. ord., EUPHnORn3TAcE.. Physic Nut. This has been proved by Dr. Hering and recorded in N. A. J. H., i. Part used.-The seeds. Preparation.-Trituration. JUGLANS CINEREA lNat. ord., JUGLANDACE2E. Butter Nut. Provings of this are given by Dr. Hale in his New Remedies, 2nd edition. HOM7EOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. 303 POTHOS F(ETIDA. Nat. ord., OnoNTIACEE. A short proving of this is given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Part used.- Tho root. Preparation.-Tincture. SCROPHULARIA AQUATICA. SOCOPHULARIA NODOSA. Nat. ord., SOROPTTULARIACOE. Figworts. These are admitted into some of the Pharmacopoeias, but no reference to any proving has been found for S. aquatica. S. nodosa is noticed in Arch., xvii. Part used.-The roots. Preparations.-Tinctures. SCROPHULARIA MARILANDICA. Nat. ord., S ROPHULARIACEE. Fever Weed. A proving of this is given in N. A. J. H., xv. Part used.-The leaves. Preparation.-Tincture. SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA. Nat. ord., LABIAT2E. Scull-Cap. Dr. Hale gives a proving of this in his NewRemedies, 2nd edit. Part used.-The whole plant. Preparation.-Tincture. -SENNA. Nat. ord., LEGuMINOSBE. Cassia lanceolata. There is a proving of this in Noack and Trinks. Part used.-The leaves, as imported from Alexandria. Preparation.-Tincture. SERPENTARIA, vide ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENTARIA. HOMEOPATHIE PHARMACOFDl[A. 305 Part used.-The entire spider. Preparation.-Tincture. TEPLITZ. This Bohemian "lIdiferent -Termal" water has been proved, an account of which may be found in Brit. Journ. Hom., xv. THEA SINENSIS. Nat. ord., TERNOSTROMACEM. Tea. A proving of this is given by Noack and Trinks. Part used.-The leaves. Preparation.-Tincture. THERIDION CURASAVIOUM. Class, ARAOHlNIDA. Order, ARANEIDEA. Tribe, OcToNocULINA. Family, AGELENIDI.M A proving of this is given in Arch., xiv. Part used.-The entire spider. Preparation.-Tincture. TILIA EUROP]A. Nat. ord., TILIACEE. The Lime Tree. A proving of this is recorded in CEst. Zeit. fur Hom., iv. Part used.-The flowers. Preparation.-Tincture. TITANIUM. A rare metal, having a considerable analogy to tin. Dr. Sharp, of Rugby, published a partial proving of this some years ago, and we are now promised a new proving from America. Preparation.-Trituration of the pure metal. TONGO. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOSiE. Synonyms.-Baryosma Tongo, Coumarouma odorata, Dipterix odorata. 20 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPCEIA. 307 Preparation.-Solution in distilled water. VINCA MINOR., Nat. ord., AroommoBm. Lesser Periwinkle, Wintergreen. A short proving of this is given in Arch,, xvii. Part used.-The fresh plant. Preparation.-Tincture. VIPERA REDI. VIPERA TORVA. Class, REPTILIA. Sec., SQUAMATA. Order, OPHIDIA. Sub-order, VIPE, IN. PFam., VIPERIDX-. Short provings of the virus of both of these reptiles are given in Jahr's Symptomen Codex. Preparation.-An alcoholic solution. WIESBADEN. This "1Simple ]Muriated Thermal" water has been proved and reported in Bibl. Hom. de Geneva, suppl. ii. XYPHOSURA AMERICANA. Class, CRUSTACEA. Order, XrInosUnA. Limulus Cyclops, Long-tailed Molucca Crab. A proving of this is given in the Am. Arneipr. Part used.-" The blue blood of." Preparation.-Trituration. PART II. ACIDUM FORMICUM. CH,020. An acid first discovered in the red ant (Formica rufa), but easily prepared artificially by various processes. Homnceopatlzhic uses.-A few pathogenetic effects are recorded in the British Journal of Homceopathy, vol. ii, p. 338. It seems to act on the kidney. Preparation.-It may be obtained pure from the manufacturing chemists. ACIDUM GAILLICUM. H3C7H305H20,. A crystalline acid prepared from Galls, which are excrescences on Quercus infectoria, caused by the punctures and deposited ova of Diplolepis Galle tinctorie. Homcopatlhic uses.-These are given in Marcy and Peters' New Materia Medica. Preparation.-That of the British Pharrmacopceia. ACIDUM TANNICUM. 0271220,17. Another acid extracted from Galls (vide Gallic Acid). iHoncmopatlhic uses.-These are given in Marcy and Peters' New Materia Medica. Preparation.-That of the British Pharmacopceia. ACIDUM SULPHUTROSUM. JPresent name.-Sulphurous Anhydride. SO,. No proving has yet been made, but its use has been fully commented on in B. J. H. and M. H. R. Preparation.-That of the British Pharmacopceia. 312 HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACOP(EIA. This is admitted into the Pharmacopceias, and there is a notice of it in Arch., xiv. Part used.-The root. Preparation.-Tincture. PAPAYA. Nat. ord., PAPAYACEI. Carica Papaya, the Papaw Tree. A study of this by Dr. E. M. Hale is given in N. A. J. H., xv. Part used.-The leaves? Preparation.-Tincture? PHYSOSTIGMAA VENENOSUM. Nat. ord., LEGUMINOSE. Calabar Bean. This plant has been much under notice of late, and its physiological action has been carefully inquired into; no regular proving, however, has yet been published. Part used.-The seeds. Preparation.-Tincture. POPULUS TREMULOIDES..Nat. ord., SALICACEE. The Aspen. A study of this by Dr. E. M. Hale is published in the N. A. J. H., xv. Part used.-The bark. Preparation.-Tincture TANACETUIM VULGARE. Nat. ord., COMPOsITE. Tansy. A study of this by Dr. E. M. Hale is published in N. A. J. H., xiii. Part used.-The fresh plant. Preparation.-Tincture. TANGEINIA YENENIFERA. Nat. Ord., APOOYNACEE. A notice of this very powerful poison is given in B. J. H., xviii. V1Part u.d.-The berry..Preparation.-Tincture. Part use~.--The berr~y. Preparation.-Tinincture. LIST OF AUTHORITIES. Allgemeine Homoopathische Zeitung...... Alg. Hor. Zeit. Amerikanishe Arzneipriifungen.............. Am. Arznpr. Andrews' Botanical Repository............... And. Bot. Rep. Annalen der Hombopathischen Klinik...... Annal. Archiv fiir die Hombopathische Heilkunst Arch. Balfour's Outlines of Botany........... Bart, Flora of North America............... Bart P. N. Am. Bigelow's American Medical Botany...... Big. Am. Med. Bot. Bigelow's Flora Botanica.................... Big. Fl.'Bot. Bloxam's Laboratory Teaching............... Botanical Magazine......................... Bot. Mag. British Journal of Homoeopathy........... B. J. H. British Pharmacopoeia of 1867............... B. P. 1867. Buchner's Hombopathische Arznei-Bereitungslehre............................. Comm. Got..................................... Comm. Got. Denkwurdigkeiten der Nord Amerikanis- Denkw. d. N. Am. chen Akademie................................. Acad. Flora Homoeopathica, by Dr. E. Hamilton Fl. Hom. Gray's Genera of American Plants......... Gray's Gen. Plant. Gray's Catalogue of Snakes in the British Museum.................................. Gray's Cat. Snakes Gruner's Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia...... Gr. H. Pharm. Hahnemann's Chronishen Krankeiten...... Chr. Kr. Hahnemann's Reine Arzneimittellehre...... R. A. M. L. Halnemann (The) Materia Medica......... Hahnemannian Monthly.................... 316 HOMCEOPATHIC PHARMACOPEIA. Rehl, Flora Germanica................... Rehl Flo. Ger. lumph, Herbarum Amboinense......... Rumph Am. Sowerby's English Botany..................... E. B. Stephenson and Churchill's Medical Botany Sweet's Cisti.................................. Sweet Cist. Transactions of the American Institute of Homaeopathy............................... Amer. Trans. Waring's Pharmacopoeia of India............ Wirkung der Schlangengifte............ "Wood's Medical Botany................... Wood's Natural History, Illustrated......... Woodville's Medical Botany............... Zeitscbrift fir Erfahrungsheilkunst......... Zeitsch. fiirErfahr. Zeitschrift fiir Hombopathische Klinik.... 324 3' ENERAL INDEX. Fig-wort Filix mas JFingerkat Fisch A&,ne, Plainuta joris. Flax, purging Flea-bane. Fleer de la Trinite Fliegen-schwvamin Flint Flowers, time for collecting Fl iichtiqes lanigensal-z Fluor-spar Fly agaric Pole's foot Fongere male Fool's parsley Formic acid Fowler's solution Foxglove. Frostwort Fruits, time for collecting Fuga diemonum Fuligo Fungus ovatus GA-us morrhua Galipea officinalis Gallic acid Gamboge Gantelia. Gantes Notre Dame. Garcinia morella - pedicillata - ca)onigia - Victoria. Garlic Garten-sch ierling Gattilier co07mun 1 Geflecte schierling Geflecter aron Gelseminum scmpervircns -;itiduwn (ieueral rules. PAGE * 303 * 142 * 126 * 113 * 112 '297 293 * 247 * 48 * 229 7 / * 54 38, 94 # 48 0 77. 142 * 47 * 308 * 75 * 126 * 112.7 * 152 * 310 * 87 * 394 * 61 * 308 * 146 * 126 * 126 * 146 * 146 * 146 * 146 * 50 * 47. ~18 * 118 * 76 * 143 * 143.1 Gengibre Gentiana cruciata - lutea - lutetia Germandr6e maritimne Gicltrose Gifl-lattig. Gift-sumac/s Giglio motto Gingembre Ginger Ginseng Glauber salts Globules. Glonoine. Glycerine. - of starch Glyceroles Gnaphalium polycephalum. Gold 9 0 Golden seal Goldwurz. Gonet - Goose-foot, oak-leaved Gordolobo Graine de zedoarice Granadas Granatbaum i Granatumr Graphites Gratiola officinalis Graue ambra Gravel-root Green vitriol Grenouillette d'eau Ground lily Guaiac Guaiacum officinale - Guarea trichilioides. Gum ammoniac Gummi gutti G~unnutaz. Guta ganiba Gymnocladus Canadensis PAGE * 254 * 294 * 294 * 294 * 240 * 200 * 167 * 218 * 115 * 254 * 254 * 295 * 189 * 32 * 144 * 259 * 260, 261 * 295 - 78 * 150 * 105 * 76 - 291 * 246 * 110. 144. 144. 144. 145 0 295 * 53. 132. 138 d 214. 306. 145. 145. 294 0 54. 146. 146. 146. 295 GENERAL INDEX. Mangain n aceticuin Mlan alicelsefcssrmkravt Jfnrcqoranc Sqlriaca MIai~joram, Nwild Mfarking-nut tree Mfarronnier (lInde - tea - trefoil vIarI11z Siviacnsn Mat aperros IMaturiails, collection of iJtat-ivaria c/iamnorilla Af-.y apple Mlazana. de puer-co Aleadow anemone - saffron Medication of p~ilules and Mfedicines, dispensing of - preservation of JMecrsch Iva.i in Jifelanni/jinni (ioicumi 1Afeloc& imajkii~ii - proscairabamii ]lfnisp rrnurn c~cdulu iAlenvainthies trifoliata Mtephiitis Isitorins Merenrialis perennii Mercuric. bromidc --sulphide Mercurius acetatus -bhiniodatni -corrosivus -pri'cipihtatus albils -- ruber -proto-iodatus -sulphuratus rnber Moreiirous bromide PAGE * 175 -* 1.42 * 240 *915 *300 * 60 *46 *169 *169 *176. 40 *193 * 6 *104, *210 *125 *212 *115 glo*33 *31 *31 *231 *148 *298 * 113 * 176 * 176 *185 *182 *181 *179 *183 *184 *181 *18 2 *183 IS18 lJliesnemdro Hlierswvieelj 71ilclidienst Milkwort, rattlesnake "IMillefolium Mindererus' spirit.Mistletoe Mlitchella repens Moh usaft Molne'u Mfollypuf Molueca, crab, long-tailed Mosnordica elaterium Miinchs-pfeffer Monkshood. Mloor-grass Mforphia -acetate - nuriate -sulphiate MAorsella a' grappes J3foselle Mosebus inosebiferns TMountain arnica - laurel Aifullein, comnmon Murex purpurea Mlusccsdier, le 3riisciis terrestris repenis Musk MIusicat ni Jlfu0terlcorn J30t~er-1brcnt Myga~le avienlaria, MNyrica cerifera Mfyrtus conarunis Myristica mosehiata - rffpicznalis 0.N.Asrna-S serpentaria N.iýja tripndians Naked lady 'Vai 7eII o PAGE * 151 * 22 5 * 133 *186 *228 *186 *58 *248 * 299 * 197 * 246 *87 * 307 * 130 48 *44,. 128. 198 0 198 0 199. 199 *205. 1299. 186 *71. 164. 292. 246 a 299 0 192. 172 * 186 * 192 * 226 * 104 * 2999 * 299 * 299 -*192 * 192 * 300 * 187 *115) 44-1 GENERAL INDEX. 331 PAGE Populus tremuloides. 312 Porsc... 169 Potassic acetate.. 160 - bromide.. 157 - carbonate.. 157 - chlorate.. 158 - chromate, normal. 161 - citrate... 161 - cyanide.. 162 - dichromate.. 156 - bydrate.. 161 - hypochlorite.. 162 - iodide... 159 - nitrate.. 160 - permanganate.. 163 - sulphate.. 163 - ferrocyanide.. 162 Potassio-antimonic oxytartrate 64 Potato bug.. 310 Pothos fretida.. 303 Prenanthus serpens.. 302 Potassic tartrate.. 164 Prescriptions, on writing. 35 Preservation of medicines. 31 Prickly ash.. 250 Proof spirit.. 3 Prunellier.. 211 Prunus communis.. 211 - inslititia.. 211 - laurocerasus.. 168 - spinosa.. 211 Prussiate of potass.. 162 Prussic acid.. 38 Psychotria ipecacuanha. 155 Ptelia trifoliata.. 302 Puccoon.. 224 Puff-ball. 87 Puff-fist... 87 Pulmonaria reticulata. 233 Pulsatilla, American. 213 -Nuttalliana.. 213 - nigricans.. 21.2 Punica granatum.. 144 Queen's root Quicksilver Quina de carony Quinquina Quinia hydrochloride - hydrocyanate - sulphas Rabano Radish, common 1afano Rag-wort. Raisin de Renardc Ranunculus acris - flamula - repens. - bulbosus - tuberosus - sceleratus Raphanus sativus Ratania Rattlesnake, milkwort -virus Rauclpilz Raute Raue Realgar Rectified spirit Red coral. Red precipitate Red-root. Red-rot. Reisblei Rdioncule Resaree Rettig Rhabarbarum Rhatany Rheum palmatum. Rhododendron crysanthum - officinale Rhubarb Rhus laurina - radicans PAGE * 304 1 83 S62 * 106 * 108 * 101. 106 * 215 * 215 * 215 S2227 * 201 * 3Q2 * 302 * 302 * 213. 213 * 214 * 215 * 216 * 228 * 120 S88 * 221 * 215 S75 3 * 119 S184 S224 S128 S145 S214 S311 S215 S216 S216 S216 S217 S217 S216 S302 S218 QUEEN of the meadow. 132 332 GE NERAL INDEX. Rims toxicodendron. - venenata - vernix Robinea pseudo-acacia 2?ociada. Rock-rose. Rock-weed Bogeninutter Ilomarin sauvage Root-bark, times for collec Roots, times for collecting.Rorella rotundifolia Rosa benecticta, Rose-bay Rose de Nofi JBoseed du soleil JBori~smarinurn syivestre Rosskastanie Ros solis Rue Rugiada del sole JBuibarbo Rumex crispus RIs vtoxicodendro Rush, common Ruta graveolens - liortens-is SABADILLA Sabina Saffron Sqf-randes pres Sagebauin. Sal ammofliac - volatile Salmiac Salsepareille Salt, common Salt of lemon-s Saltpetre Sambuens nigra Sapo dunis - mollis Sarracenia purpurca. $Iarza PAGE & 218. 219. 219. 302. 128. 112 0 116. 226 0 169 dting 7.7 0 128. 200. 195. 148. 128. 169 *46 *128 *221 *128 *216 *220 *218 *297 *221 *221 Satween Sauco PAGE *. 309 *. 223 Saa erdorn..85 Savin.. 222 Scilla... 225 - maritima. *225 - Hispanica -.225 Schaafgarbe..186 Scharlachpere.206 Schell-icraut. 105 Sanguinaria Canadensis. 223 - grandiflora.. 223 Schlehdorn *.211 Schneerose. *148 Schwartzdorn.. 211 Skchwartz niessour.. 148 Schwarzwuirz * -46 Schwefel -. -235 Schwefelspiesglanz - *63 Schwein~sbrod *.125 Schwulistkraut. -126 Scrophularia Marilandica. 303 - aquatica *.303 - nodosa.. -303 Scull-cap... 303 Scutellaria. lateriflora * 303 Sea onion.. 225 Secale cornutum..226 Seeds, time for collecting.7 Seidelbast..185 Seigle ergot6 - 226 Selenium - - -226 Seme-sanuto. -110 Semecarpus anacardiurn 4 60 Semzen co~ntra. 1.10 Senecio aureus. 227 - gracilis.. 227 Senega.. 4-228 Senna b -303 Sepia 0.229 - officinalis. 229 Sesquicarbonate of ammonia. 54 Shoots, time for collecting.7 Silicea -..229 Silk-weed. *. 288 * 221 * 222 * 120 -115 -222 *57 -54 -57 -224 *188 -163 -160 *223.259 * 260 * 302 0 224 GENERAL IN-DEX.33 333 Silver~ 5imm inajus august ifoiunm Skunk, the Sloe Smart-weed Smilax officinalis - sarzapctrilia - medica - Peruviana Snake-root, black - button Snakewort Soap, bard - soft,Sodic biborate - carbonate - chloride - hydrate - hypopliosp kite - iodide. - nitrate.- sesquisu~phide - stelpkate - suiphite Sodio-platinic chloride Solanum dulcamara - lycopersicon - mnammosum - inafliacuml - nigrum. - quadrifolium - r-acemosum Amer. - magnum rirginiana Solatro Solseginum anreurn Solutions - in distilled water Sonnent hen Soot Sopleora tinctoria Sonci dejardin Sowbread. Spanisher pfeffer Spanish fly Specic-m-elde PAGE *68 * 109 * 177 * 211 * 301 * 224 * 224. * 224 *224 *45 *293 *228 *259 o 260 *86 *190 *190 *189. 191 0 189 4 191. 207 * 129 * 304 * 304 82, 234. 314. 201 0 205 0 205. 129 *95.8.8 *128 *310 *80 *95 *125 *99 *98 *177 PA&GE Speedwell, tall. 170 Spermaceti. -258 Spider, bird..299 -garden *.287 - Papal Cross. 287 Spigelia anthehinia *.230 Spina acida..84 Spindle-tree..294, Spirit 20 o. p.. * 3 - 40o. p...3 - weed...297 Spongia tosta..231 - officinalis -.231 Spoonwood..164 Spr-ing -gurice..130 Spurge...133 - large-flowerini~g. 293 - laurel, sweet-scented 0 126 -olive.. *185 Spurred rye.. 226 Squaw-root. 6.101 - weed. -227 Squill. *225' Squirting cucumber 6 130 Stannum a.232 Staphysagria * 0-232 Starch. -258 Starfish a.289 Stavesacre.. 232 Stechapfel. *234 Stechenicrant * *77 Steindl. *202 Stepktankraut..232 Stibium. suiphuretum nigrum.. 63 Sticta. pulmonaria. 2833 Stillingia sylvatica. 304 Stinicasant..77 Stramonium.. 234 Stref~niltterchten * 0*247 Strontiana * * 234 St-rycbnia. *.*194 Stryclinic. nitrate. * 194 - phosphate. 195 Strychnos.Tgnatfii10*153 - flux Vomica * *103 ERRATA. Page 49, 3 lines from bottom, for 1 to 20 read 20 to 1.,, 50, 14,, top,for1 to 20 read 20 to 1.,, 107, 8,, bottom, for 0 read lx.,, 108, 8,, top, for 0 read lx.,, 110, 4,, top, after 1 insert Tincture.,, 114, 16,, top, after 0 insert to 1 Tincture only; 3x.,, 115, 3,, top, for proof read rectified.,. 5,, top,for Trituration read Tincture. S... 11,, bottom, for corn read corm.,, 2,, bottom, for Trituration read Tincture. 116, 2,, bottom,for Trituration read Tincture. 119, 12,, top, for 0 read lx. 142, 4,, bottom, for rectified read 40 O.P. 155, 2,, top, for 0 read lx. 157, 4,, top, after lx insert Trituration only; 1. 167, 10,, bottom, for rectified read 40 O.P. 169, top line,for May and June read August. 205, 15 lines from bottom, for sealed read stoppered. 215, 2,, top, for plant read herb. 223, 2,, top, for rectified read 40 O.P. 241, 7,, bottom,for 1 read lx. S 6,, bottom,for 3x Pead 1. 251, 9,, bottom,for tested read testing. 261, 11,, top, for 47 read 48, and for to the ounce read in the I- ounce.,, 309, 12,, top, for tended read tender.,,,, 19,, top, for Pham. read Pharm. ADDENDA. Pages 17 and 18, at the foot of Tables 2, 3, and 4, add the words, " It is better, however, to use a weaker spirit, than to make a more dilute 0 tincture." Some difficulty having been experienced in reference to the twofold signification of the sign 0, it has been thought advisable to add the following paragraph to what has been said at pages 29 and 30:-" 0 means the crude substance in the case of all the officinal acids, of all substances which are triturated, and in the case of the following medicines, viz.Alumen. Calc.-a. Kali-chl. 01.-ani. Ammon.-carb. Calc.-cau. Kali-i. Codeine. Ammon.-caust. Chin.-s. Kali-nit. Morph. Ammon.-mur. * Cinch.-s. Kreas. Morph.-a. Argent.-nit. Copaiv. Mag.-m. Morph.-m. Ars. Cupr.-a. Mag.-s. Narcot. Atrop. Cupr.-s. Mang.-a. Phos. Atrop.-sulph. Ferr.-a. Merc.-corr. Plat.-chlor. Aur.-mur. Ferr.-i. Natr.-c. Plumb.-a. Bar.-a. Iod. Natr.-m. Plumb.-nit. Bar.-m. Kali-bich. Natr.-nit. Tereb. Bor. Kali-brom. Natr.-s. Veratria. Brom., Kali-c. Strychnine. Zinc.-s. In all other cases 0 denotes the strongest oficinal preparation, which, with very few exceptions, contains 10 per cent. of the crude substance. 'oý 4ý4', -ý,, 'r rý-.. ý'7 ý - I -r,. -. -,. -- -,ý. I --' UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN IA 9015 01056 8585 DATE DUE OkOhm - Filmed, by Pr~ervation 1990