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C LEAVE'S
BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPADIA
OF
H O M CE O PAT H I C
PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.
PHILADELPHIA:
~ALAXY  UB LIS H ING  OMPAN Y.



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year i873, by
S. A. GEORGE & CO.,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.



INTRODUCTION.
N place of the usual formal Introduction, which in this case
would be a resume of the principles of Homceopathy, of
its early struggles in  this  country, and of its present
proud  position, it has been deemed that the most fitting
prelude to the record of the life-work of the most prominent homceopathic physicians and surgeons in the United States would be a rapid
glance at the chief incidents in the career of their immortal teacherHahnemann. Such a prelude is in strict accordance with the character of the work itself, while it enables the formation of the most
adequate conception as to the origin, peculiar character and advantages of homceopathy, with the difficulties attending its early practice
and dissemination; just as the succeeding biographies best indicate the
obstacles that beset the introduction and establishment of the new
system in this country, and trace the rapid progress it has made in
public estimation. Accordingly, the following brief but carefully compiled and comprehensive sketch of the career of the great founder of
homeopathy is here presented:
AHNEMANN, SAMUEL, was born on the Ioth of April, 1755, at Meissen,
in Cur-Saxony, one of the most beautiful regions of Germany. Among the
papers left behind him is one, dated August, I791, which affords us some interesting particulars respecting his family and early youth. He says in substance: "My father, Christian Gottfried Hahnemann, who died four years
ago, was a painter in the porcelain manufacture, and had written a little work on that art.
He had the soundest ideas on what was to be reckoned good and worthy in man, and had
arrived at them by his own independent thought. He sought to implant them in me, and
impressed on me, more by action than by words, the great lesson of life,' to act and to be,
not merely to seem.' When a good work was going forward, there, often unobserved, he
ii



iv                             INTRODUCTION.
was sure to be helping hand and heart. Shall I not do likewise?" His mother's name
was Johanna Christian, nee Spiess. His parents taught him to read, and perhaps some other
rudimentary education, while he was at play.
He passed several years at the Stadtschule, and, at the age of sixteen, began to attend the
Fiirstenschule of Meissen. He states that he was beloved by his rector, Magister Muller,
as if he had been his own son; that he was permitted by him-on account of the delicacy
of his health, induced by over study-to omit some of the regular tasks of the school, and
to spend the hours they would have occupied in general reading. He had access to him at
all hours of the day, and, strange as it may appear, though thus eminently favored, he was
nevertheless a general favorite with the other scholars. His father, he tells us, was opposed
to his studies; he wished him to pursue a calling more in accordance with his own income,
and frequently withdrew him from school. He was, however, permitted to remain for eight
years at the request of his teachers, who allowed him to attend without requiring the usual
fees paid by scholars.
Anecdotes of the youth of most great men are on record, which would have but little interest did we not know that "the boy is father of the man," and that the bias of mind displayed in youth is usually carried out in after years. Washington had his cherry-tree; Napoleon had his snow-ball matches, and, as the following clearly shows the inherent thirst for
knowledge which prevailed in the mind of Hahnemann, we record it.
His parents were very poor, and his father, objecting to the extravagant quantity of oil
consumed by his son's nocturnal studies, deprived him of the family lamp, except at stated
hours. The youth, however, by exercising his ingenuity, contrived to make a lamp out of
clay; and then persuaded his indulgent mother to supply him with oil out of her stores.
This determination to overcome difficulties remained as a characteristic trait during his subsequent career.
The time had now arrived for him to enter upon a university course, and, having obtained
the permission of his father, he set out for Leipzig, at Easter, in 1775, with twenty crowns
in his pocket; the last money he ever received from his parent. This little capital would
have lasted for a considerable time; but, like another Gil Bias, he was unfortunately robbed
of the greater portion of it.
Thus deprived of the means of existence, he was compelled to support himself at the
university by giving lessons and making translations into the German. During the two years
of his residence at Leipzig, besides attending lectures the greater part of the day, and giving
instruction in the evenings, he translated the following works: " Steadman's Physiological
Essays," " Nugent's Essay on Hydrophobia," "Falconer on the Waters of Bath," in two
volumes, and "Ball's Modern Practice of Physic," in two volumes. The only time he
could devote to these labors was the night, and he was in the habit of sitting up altogether
every alternate night. Such indefatigable industry is astonishing and almost unparalleled.
Notwithstanding the difficulties in his path, he contrived by his abstemious habits and incredible exertions to save sufficient money to carry him to Vienna, where he studied under
Dr. Quarin and practised in the hospitals for two years, when his necessities compelled him
to accept the offer of Baron Von Bruckenthal, Governor of Transylvania, to accompany him
to Hermanstadt, as his private' physician, librarian, and superintendant of a museum of coins.
From Hermanstadt he went to Erlangen, where he took his degree of Doctor of Medicine,
on the ioth of August, I779.
The real history of his life may now be said to commence, as, after leaving Erlangen, he
first began the practice of medicine at Hetstadt, a little town among the mountains; but,
that place proving much too circumscribed a sphere of action, he removed to Dessau, where
he remained but a short time, being tempted by the offer of a governmental appointment of



INTRODUCTION.                                     v
District Physician, at Gommern. The position was almost a nominal one, and of little importance in his life; save that in this place he fell in love with Henrietta Biicklerin, whom
he married. In I784, he went to Dresden, where he resided for four years, maintaining
himself chiefly by his pen. Here he wrote eighteen treatises, the most remarkable one
being on a new salt of mercury, which he called me;rcuriuts solubiiis; a name it still retains.
We next find him in Leipzig, in I789, ten years after taking his degree. Here he applied
himself with his accustomed energy and industry to the study of medicine, chemistry, mineralogy, and other kindred sciences-besides continuing to make translations from foreign
languages-making many important discoveries, which gained for him a high and widely
spread reputation among the savans of Europe, and also a membership. of the Leipzig Society of Economical Science, and somne others.
In spite of all this, he seems at this time to have been inspired by some innate conception
of the future. He was dissatisfied with the existing state of medical science, which he considered as imperfect and more the result of guess-work than of positive knowledge. At
length, the truth dawned upon him, and an inkling of the theory, which he subsequently
elaborated with so much care, toil, and personal suffering, was revealed to him.
His attention was drawn to the fact that cinchona, or Peruvian bark-a well known
remedy in cases of intermittent fever-when taken by persons in sound health, produced a
disorder very similar to that disease; but, as the district where this occurred was malarious,
he was not certain that these effects might not have been produced by natural causes. In
order to be assured on this point, he took a quantity of the drug, and was inexpressibly gratified to find himself severely attacked by the disorder. He was now in possession of a
tangible fact; a remedy that would cure a certain disease, would also produce it in a healthy
person, and it was certain that the converse was equally true, i. e. that a drug, which produced a certain disease in a healthy body, would cure it in a sick one. But this was only
one instance and might be an exception.  He therefore set himself to the task of testing a
great number of drugs, and with heroic self-sacrifice took them himself, carefully noting the
minutest effects produced, and comparing them with the symptoms of well-known diseases.
By this means a species of code was established. He likewise induced some of his friends
to join him in these tests orpl ovings, and by mutually comparing notes certain positive facts
were established. This was the origin of the famous axiom that sirnilia similibus curantur,
which, with his theory of infinitesimal doses, was destined to subvert the existing order of
things, and so embittered the medical world, as to draw upon its author ridicule, abuse, and
even persecution. In this he merely suffered the fate of most discoverers and inventors.
Galileo was forced by the inquisition to recant the heresy of his theory, that the earth
revolved around the sun; but on. leaving its halls, he muttered, "nevertheless it moves;"
Columbus was ridiculed for believing in the existence of a new world, and the man who first
proposed to cross the Atlantic by means of steam was laughed at. There is scarcely less
folly in denying the motion of the earth, the existence of a new world, or the passage of the
Atlantic by steam, than in refusing to give credence to the manifest truths of the Hahnemannian theory.
To this new system of cure Hahnemann gave the name of Homceopathia, derived from
two Greek words, ihomoios, similar, and pathos, feeling, or suffering.
Seven years afterwards he published his first trial of the application of the new system in
]ihfeland's Journal. The case was one of colicodynia in its severest form, and after trying
in vain all the usual remedies, he cured his patient by administering veratrum album, a drug
which produces similar symptoms. The next case noticed, also a very remarkable one, was
inl 1799. The patient was attacked by scarlet fever, and Hahnemann, having observed that
children who ate the berries of the belladonna, suffered from eruptions similar to those incident



vi                               INTRODUCTION.
to the disease itself, administered the extract as a remedy with perfect success, and, furthermore, he found that by giving it in proper doses to persons in infected districts, it prevented
them from being seized with the disorder. Notwithstanding much opposition, many German physicians tried this preventive; the result being that out of 3747 persons exposed to the
infection only 91 took the disease. If belladonna be fairly tried, it may perhaps prove as
successful against scarlet fever, as vaccination has shown itself against small-pox. It was
Hahnemann who first recommended aconite in cases of pure inflamnatory fevers, with or without eruption; " and," says a recent writer, " even were we under no other obligation to him,
he would, like Jenner, deserve to be ranked among the greatest benefactors of suffering
humanity." He spent his whole life, after the age of forty-five, in the utmost self-abnegation, giving up everything, denying himself everything, suffering everything, in the cause of
humanity. Mathiolus, of old, poisoned criminals, given up to him by the state; the modern
Magendie poisoned dogs and cut up horses by vivisection; and some physicians poison their
patients by experiments in the interest of science; but Hahnemann poisoned himself to perfect the system he was promulgating. He has left us a record of no less than one hundred
and six medicinal substances with which he had experimented on his ownperson. And yet,
this man has been called " an izlmmzoral scoundrel."  He has, however, left ten volumes of
the " Materia Medica Pura" to disprove so odious a falsehood.
In a letter to Dr. Stapf, not intended for publication, he says: "' The man who undertakes
and carries through with steadfast resolution to benefit humanity-for, in my case, there
could be no other motive, since beyond the miserable sum given me by the booksellers, which
was no compensation for a life of such self-sacrifice, I met only with persecution-a man that
so lives and works must be.good at bottom."
Jean Paul Richter says: " His detractors are more given to detest the man than to read
his works."
Such accusations are mere blinds to cover the real causes of animosity against him, which
were that, while at Leipzig, he had performed some remarkable cures on persons of eminence, and his promulgation of the theory of minimum  doses, which-impressed with his
great responsibility-he would only administer when prepared by himself; the former exciting the jealousy of the medical profession, and the latter touching the pockets of the apothecaries. Amongst them they discovered an obsolete law, forbidding physicians to dispense
medicines; thus obliging Hahnemann, whose conscience would not allow him to intrust the
preparation of his remedies to other hands, to relinquish a profitable practice in Leipzig, and
repair to Coethen. The Duke of Anhalt-Codthen became his friend, giving him full permission to practise as he pleased.
It is not possible in this place to enter into details respecting his great work, which he
called the " Organon of Rational Medicine," and with which the profession is already so
familiar; suffice it to say that he incurred much blame for his supposed presumption in endeavoring to assume to himself the position of the Bacon of Medicine. But on reflection this
idea will be seen to be erroneous. Bacon introduced a new organ, or instrument, called the
" Novum Organum," for the advancement of science, and Hahnemann justly conceived that
he had found a new organ for the discovery of specifics, and the results have fully supported
his belief. The "Organon," with its four propositions, has ever been, and, doubtless, will
continue to be the text-book of the homceopathic profession.
We must also summarily dismiss the " Materia Medica Pura," the value of which is so
perfectly appreciated by every homoeopathist that, without its aid, all would be at a loss in
finding the remedies needed. With its ten volumes it is almost a life study in itself. The
"Fragmenta " is a work of less importance, though replete, as is every thing from Hahnemann's pen, with useful information.



INTRODUCTION.                                    vii
In I805, he published a little work on " The Positive Effects of Medicine," i. e. the effects
produced by drugs on a healthy body. This was written in Torgau; but to make the experiments more perfect, he was compelled to return to Leipzig.
In I831, the cholera raged with fearful violence in Eastern Europe.  Hahnemann suggested the use of camphor as a remedy, which led the way to the trial of the homceopathic
system in some of the hospitals of Russia with the most gratifying results. Again, in I836,
when a similar epidemic prevailed in Vienna, Dr. Fleischmann adopted that mode of treatment in the hospital of the Sisters of Charity with even greater success. Mr. Wilde remarks, in connection with this fact, that " on comparing the report made of the treatment of
cholera in that hospital, with that of the same epidemic in other hospitals in Vienna, at the
same time, it appeared that while two-thirds of those treated by Dr. Fleischmann recovered,
two-thirds of those treated by the ordinary methods died."
Hahnemann resided fifteen years at Coethen, under the protection of the Duke, pursuing
one of the most brilliant careers on record.  He was constantly perfecting his system by experiments upon himself and his friends, many of them accompanied with extreme suffering.
Not only did he enjoy the highest reputation at home, but the fame of his marvellous cures
had spread itself throughout the whole of Europe, so that thousands of strangers of the
highest rank flocked from abroad to profit by the advice of the illustrious founder of the new
school of medicine. Here one of the most romantic marriages we have heard of took place.
Mad'lle Marie Melonie D'Hervilly-Gohier, a member of one of the most distinguished families in France, was amongst the number of his patients. She was suffering from an apparently incurable pulmonary complaint and disease of the heart; had consulted almost every
physician of eminence in Europe, had tried the climate of Italy, and employed all the ordinary methods of cure without avail, being pronounced by her physicians to be beyond medical aid. Hahnemann effectively mastered the disease in an incredibly short space of time,
and, upon her recovery, they were married, when he was in his eightieth year, his wife being
some forty-five years his junior. She was charmed with his genius, his manners, and his
noble character, and positively adored him till the day of his death.  He, on his side, cherished and almost reverenced her; was never tired of speaking of her devotion and her brilliant talents, and regarded her as his ministering angel, as well he might. Shortly after
their marriage, he was persuaded by his wife to remove to Paris; not to increase his already
oppressive popularity; but, on the contrary, to enjoy that ease and repose his declining years
required.  They travelled incognito, even his immediate fiiends and pupils being left in
ignorance of their destination. His retreat, however, did not long remain undiscovered, and,
thenceforward, his doors were daily besieged by throngs of sufferers, anxious to benefit by
the skill of the great innovator. Indeed, such was the pressure upon him that, without the
aid of his wife, he could not have borne it. We are indebted to the pen of an American
lady, Helen Berkley, for a delightful and graphic picture of their joint lives in Paris.  She
saw them fiequently both in private and during their hours of business.
Madame Hahnemann was a woman in every way worthy of her husband, and possessed
of most extraordinary talents. Wealthy in her own right, she refused to participate in her
husband's fortune; a poetess of no mean order, and an artist, whose paintings had been admitted into the galleries of the Louvre. She spoke and wrote fluently five or six languages,
and had studied the homceopathic system under her husband to such advantage, that she took
almost the entire burden of consultation from his shoulders. She was always present at his
receptions, putting questions, receiving replies, and noting minutely the symptoms of every
case, merely appealing to Hahnemann in cases of difficulty, when he would reply, "yes,
my child," or, " good, my child," and the consultation proceeded; she was tenderly beloved
by her step children, and in short a family so united is rarely to be met with.
1



viii                           INTRODUCTION.
At this period he was eighty-four years of age, of a slender and diminutive form. His
head was large and beautifully proportioned; his forehead broad and massive, set off by a
few silvery locks; his eyes deep set, dark, piercing and animated, and his whole appearance
indicative of the highest order of genius. He constantly smoked a long pipe with a painted
bowl, even during his hours of reception. He read and wrote without the use of spectacles;
his hand-writing was firm and delicate-almost equal to copperplate-and his activity and
animation still exhibited some of the traces of youth.
Hahnemann continued to reside in Paris till his death, which happened July 2nd, I844.
In his last illness, he was waited on by his devoted wife with that loving care which tended
so much to alleviate his sufferings. Shortly before his death, his wife, by way of imparting
some comfort to the invalid, whispered: " Surely some mitigation of suffering is due to you
who have alleviated the sufferings of so many." To this he replied with his latest breath:
" Every man on earth works as God gives him strength, and meets from man with a corresponding reward; but no man has a claim at the Judgment Seat of God. God owes me
nothing. I owe him much-yea all."
With these beautiful sentiments on his lips he departed, and the world was deprived of
one of the noblest, purest, and grandest characters that have ever ministered to the good of
humanity.



PREFACE.
HIS is the first biographical history of Homoeopathy published in this country, and like the pioneers of the new,
progressive, and now firmly established school of medicine themselves, it has had to encounter extraordinary
prejudice and opposition. Some of this has emanated from members
of the profession itself, not a few of them men who it might have been
expected from their peculiarly advantageous and responsible position
as editors would have unhesitatingly accorded to the undertaking their
cordial support and hearty co-operation. More especially has this
been the case in Boston and in the Eastern States, where the most expensive means have been employed to obtain desired material. Except
that thereby the work was rendered more complete and therefore more
saleable in other sections of the country, this expenditure of labor and
capital was apparently unwarranted, since not a single homceopathic
university or school of medicine has as yet been established in New
England. It is to be hoped that the efforts of prominent laymen of
Boston, assisted by Dr. I. T. Talbot (editor), may be instrumental'in
gradually bringing the East into generous rivalry in this respect with
her more progressive sister. of the West.
A work of this character necessarily can command, at first, at any
rate, a very limited circulation. Nevertheless no consideration arising
out of this circumstance has been allowed to interfere with the determination to render the Cyclopmedia as far as possible above criticism.
The fullest opportunities have been offered to the profession to make
it thoroughly complete and satisfactory, not only to practitioners of,
but persons interested in homceopathy, and even the least initiated
must know that the successful prosecution of such a work depends
upon the active assistance of the members of the school. Every liv3



4                         PREFACE.
ing homceopathic physician in the United States has been requested
by letter or by personal application to furnish a resume of his career,
and of those of his friends or relatives who may have been members
of the profession. In this manner all who could forward the enterprize have been invited to assist in the compilation of the history of
the efforts put forth for, and that have resulted in the establishment of
homceopathy upon its present broad and enduring basis. This volume
is the result of these labors. If any sketch material in the biographical history of homoeopathy is found wanting, its absence is to be
attributed either to the negligence or narrow-minded prejudice of those
who alone were able to furnish the same, or to the impossibility of
meeting with records of the life work of those who had passed away
-in other words, to the paucity of homceopathic literature, which the
former class are apparently desirous of perpetuating. If there are
sketches to which exception may be taken by the hypercritical or the
superficially prominent-that is to say, men whom business shrewdness or sharpness rather than professional attainments has forced into
positions of prominence outside of the legitimate practice of medicine,
either as editors or vendors of homceopathic medicines-it must be remembered to the credit of the subjects thereof that, according to their
abilities, they have labored to advance the cause of homceopathy, and
have supplied one link to the historical chain.
That the future historian may profit by the experience of the Editor
of this work, and be informed not only as to the sources from which
he may expect help, but those from which he must be prepared to encounter opposition both passive and active, occasion is here taken to
tender thanks where due, and to point out the quarters in which
no sympathy, encouragement, or assistance can be looked for. Thanks
are due to:
First, the great majority of regularly'practising physicians; their
relatives and friends, who have interested themselves to secure the
fulness and accuracy of each biographical sketch, and who have
shown commendable pride and liberality in furnishing the expensive
portraits on steel that accompany many of the biographies.
Secondly, those standard homceopathic journals whose editors,
being either successful practitioners or authors of standard homceopathic works, or both, recognized the importance of any literary undertaking having for its object the permanent advancement of the cause,
and in their solicitude and anxiety to promote its success and value,



PREFACE.                           5
imposed upon themselves labors involving considerable sacrifice of
time and money. Among these are especially to be mentioned: The
United Slates Medical and Surgical Yournal, Chicago, Drs. R. Ludlam,
E. M. Hale, and A. E. Small (professors, authors, and editors); Tihe
NVorilf American -7ournal of Homxoopailty, New York, Drs. E. E. Marcy
and S. Lilienthal (professors, authors, and editors); Tlhe 57ournal of
Homxopathic Materia Medica, Philadelphia, Drs. A. R. Thomas and
H. N. Martin (professors, authors, and editors); and The AMiczhigan
~ounrnal of Homoeopathy, Detroit, Dr. E. R. Ellis (professor, author,
and editor).
Thirdly, Mrrs. Emma L. Hudson, of Fitchburg, Mass., a lady of
high literary attainments and social position, who, herself a devoted
homceopathist, has ably striven to awaken in the physicians of Boston
and its vicinity that enthusiasm which has been evinced by their Western contemporaries, as evidenced in the pages of this work.
The future historian can expect no sympathy, or aid from:
First, those homceopathic journals whose editors, with illiberal,
narrow-minded views and principles, jealously, prematurely, and unwarrantably assail the private business operations of a house even before they have anything tangible to criticize, or honorable ground for
interference. There were two such encountered by this enterprize.
In one, such simply palpable and malicious misstatements were made
— before the work or even its prospectus was issued-that but for
the fact that the intended effect was vitiated by their patent imbecility and absurdity, legal steps might have been considered advisable. In the case of the other, there was employed the old and
worn-out dodge so well known among newspaper men of the sensational and "cut-throat" type, but long discarded even by the least
shrewd of these-i. e. the publication of a letter which, in order to
carry a weight that the editorial pen, as such, could not convey, purported to emanate from a bonad fide member of the profession, while
really concocted by the editor himself. In extenuation of this conduct
it may be stated, to the credit of these two editors, and especially of
the latter, that they hold with singular tenacity the opinion that homceopathic historical works can only be published by homceopathic
physicians, even though those physicians be by force of circumstances
writers rather than prescribers, and that they are generally believed to
look upon, and write with the kindliest favor of all homceopahic literary
enterprizes in which they are personally or pecuniarily interested.



6                          PREFACE.
Of course, the future historian will have to depend somewhat
upon homceopathic literature for material. It is to be- hoped, therefore, he may find more public-spirited management of the Hahnemannian Monthly, Dr. R. J. McClatchey (editor) of Philadelphia, and the
Medical Investigator, Dr. T. C. Duncan (editor) of Chicago.
Secondly, those who, temporarily elevated by their good fortune
to positions of journalistic or professional prominence, but of obscure
merit, either vain of their modesty, or desirous of aping the scruples
erroneously attributed by them to the English aristocracy and some
great men, have not only allowed their opportunity of advancing the
hemceopathic cause to go by default, but have sought to adversely influence educated, progressive men by the obtrusion of their ignorance
and toadyism. This is particularly applicable to some physicians of
Boston and its vicinity. Long experience in the collection of biographical material both in Europe and America demonstrates the fact
that those who make the greatest parade of their modesty are men
whose claims to real prominence and worth are of at least questionable authenticity. Men who have achieved any worthy aim by reason
of the very ability which has enabled its achievement, not only are
conscious of their superiority to those they have surpassed, but they
feel the importance of allowing their careers to be handed down in
permanent form as encouragement and incentive to others. This is
true in all professions and callings, but it is especially so in such a
case as the present, where a new school in a profession has been
founded, and where its permanency depends so much upon the generation that is rising to fill the places of the founders. And again, in a
word, if the assistance given by the gentlemen whose' sketches are
herein to be found can be construed into an exhibition of vanity, we
have abundant evidence that a;hundred per cent. of the men of genius,
attainments, and moral worth are chargeable with vanity, or, more correctly speaking, possess what is a high virtue in humanity and the
true lever of progress-self-esteem.
The profession and the public generally must acknowledge that the
real merit and value of this, the first effort in biographical history of
homceopathy, together with the highly expensive style in which the
work has been produced, afford sufficient evidence of the intention and
determination to lay the foundation for future editions that shall be
entirely above criticism.                  E. CLEAVE.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., Azgus!, I 873.



CLEAVE'S
BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA
OF
HOMCE O PATHIC
PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.
ERING, CONSTANTINE, M. D., in its thorough exposure of the system should
now a resident of the city of Phi- utterly root out homceopathy from the land.
ladelphia, Pa., one of homceopa- Dr. Robbi declined the enterprise, but rethy's ablest champions, was born  ferred him to young Hering, as one perfectly
in Oschatz, Saxony, on January Ist, I8oo. competent for the task. Hering understood
His father was one of the originators of the it, and in two years had nearly completed it,
system known then as the " People's Schools," when, having occasion to refer to Hahnewhich now pervades the whole kingdom  of mann's works for a few quotations, his close
Prussia under the title of the " Prussian sys- attention was drawn to some of his statements.
tem."  Constantine attended the classical Unwilling to do injustice even to an adverschool at Zittau, in I81 I, where, following his sary, much less to misrepresent him, he paused
inclinations and tastes, he employed his leisure in his work, until he could test by experiments
hours in roaming the country, and amid its the truth or falsity of the statements. The
mountains and valleys, studying the natural result so convincingly sustained Hahnemann,
sciences to the best advantage.  He made a that Hering resolved to examine the system
large and valuable collection of minerals, her- as a whole, and thus to sift the truth from
bariums, and skulls of animals, which, when what he honestly believed to be the errors of
he went to pursue his medical studies in the the doctrine.  He pursued his new  study
Surgical Academy of Dresden and the Uni- with characteristic ardor, against the counsels
versity of Leipzig, he left in Zittau. In Leip- of his teachers, and the entreaties of his
zig, he had as his preceptor Dr. J. Henry  friends; and, notwithstanding, his excision
Robbi, who had been a surgeon in the army from society, his persecution, poverty and presof Napoleon, who introduced him to practical sing want were the penalties he had to ensurgery, and made him, in I820, one of his dure. Two years of close and searching inassistants. While thus employed, Dr. Robbi vestigation constrained him to acknowledge
was requested by the founder of a publishing that Hahnemann was right, and he avowed
house (where the oldest of the homoeopathic unhesitatingly his adhesion to his faith. An
journals is published) to prepare a work that incident occurred at this time which largely
7



~                     BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
contributed its share to the decision at which  chives, which gave great offence to the Phyhe arrived. In his surgical practice he had  sician of the King, an old and bitter adverreceived a dissecting wound, which the usual sary of Hahnemann. On his remonstrance,
treatment would not heal. The inflammation  the Minister of the Interior caused a polite
of his hand and arm, from which he suffered letter to be addressed to Hering, requesting
intensely, resisted the utmost efforts of the him to attend to his zoological duties excluphysicians and surgeons to reduce it, and they  sively, and to refrain from publishing anything
decided that amputation must be performed as that could be construed as objectionable. The
the only remedy. In this exigency, Hering  day after his receipt of this letter, Hering desapplied to a homceopathist who gave him every patched by the first vessel that sailed his reencouragement.  Hering promised him, that ports, with a full statement of his accounts,
if he would save his arm, he would devote accompanied with a courteous letter in reply,
the remainder of his life to homceopathy. The in which he closed his connection with the
treatment proved eminently successful; and  mission.  He commenced the practice of
the world is witness to the brilliant results medicine in Paramaribo, and still continued
which attest how nobly the young sufferer has his researches and collections; but soon disfulfilled his pledge.                     covered that one or the other must be abanIn I825, a younger brother enabled him by  doned.  His valuable collection-zo6logical
a loan of money to prosecute his studies, and  and botanical-was presented to the Academy
he repaired to Wurzburg, where he remained  of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, for which
in faithful attendance upon the lectures, but that Institution paid him the compliment of
making no concealment of his sympathy with  an election as corresponding member. A few
the views of Hahnemann.  He passed his years later, he sailed from South America,
examination with honor, and in the discussion  intending to return to his native land; but
which, in accordance with the customs of the stopping in Philadelphia in January, I833, to
German universities, followed upon his exami- assist in introducing homceopathy there, he
nation, he announced as the subject of his found that his friend and associate George
thesis "De Medicina fictrua," and so reso- Butt had already opened the way by his relutely and ably maintained the doctrine of markably successful treatment of Asiatic ChoHahnemann, that on the 22nd of March, I826, lera in the year previous. Instead of returnhe received his diploma as Doctor of Medi- ing home, Dr. Hering remained in Pennsylcine, Surgery, and Obstetrics.            vania, and, adopting plans suggested by Dr.
Soon after his graduation he accepted a Wesselhceft, opened a school of homceopathy
situation as teacher of mathematics and natu- in Allentown.  Unfortunately for his plans,
ral sciences in an academy in Dresden, de- but fortunately for the country at large, the
voted chiefly to the education of young noble- funds of the academy were in the hands of
men.  Here he remained all the summer. those who were inimical to homceopathy, and
In the autumn, the President of the institution  who secretly undermined its influence, and
proposed to him to go to South America, espe- sapped its very life. Commencing practice
cially to Surinam  and Cayenne, under the in Philadelphia, Dr. Hering labored diligently
auspices and protection of the king, to make for the payment of all his pecuniary obligaresearches and collections in zoology. He  tions; and participated in the efforts to estbaccepted the responsible position, stipulating  lish the Hahnemann Medical College, with
only that an old and valuable friend, Chris- which he is still connected as Professor of Intophe Weigel, should accompany him as the stitutes and Materia Medica.
botanist of the expedition, and sailed for South    Of Dr. Hering's great ability as a physician
America. His reports and letters were per- and a professor, it would be unnecessary to
fectly satisfactory; but he also addressed some speak, for it is beyond all encomium. His
communications to the Homizoopatlic Ar- kindness to, and interest in his pupils are well



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           9
known and appreciated; and many among    After finishing his literary education at the
them can bear grateful witness to his gentle, Royalton Academy, he departed for Pennsylunostentatious, but effective beneficence. He  vania at the age of twenty-one. He comhas always been a laborious and systematic menced the study of medicine under A. E.
student. His industry is wonderful. Though  Small, M. D., and graduated at the New
now arrived at an age when men are usually  York University in I842. After taking his
disposed to rest, he retires to sleep between  degree of M. D. he practised in New York
nine and ten at night, and from three o'clock  City; but soon removed to Frankford, Pennuntil eight in the morning devotes himself to sylvania, where he became entirely engrossed
the preparation for the press of the labors of in a large practice, one well fitted to prepare
his past life.                           him for the great services he has since perThe " provings" of Dr. Hering have been  formed. In I846, he became a member of the
very numerous, and among the most valuable American Institute of Homceopathy. In 1856,
of the contributions to the pharmacopoeia of he removed to Philadelphia, and soon after was
homceopathy. In addition to his duties as appointed Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases
physician and as professor in the college, he is of Women and Children in the Homoeopathic
one of the editors of the Amzerican 7ouir-  Medical College of Pennsylvania. He served
ual of Maferia MAedica. In this Journal he in this position for eight years, during the last
has published a complete collection of all the four years being Dean of the Faculty. He
tesults, provings and cures obtained in the was greatly revered by his students, and
homceopathic schools, combined with the best much respected by his colleagues. He strove
tnd most useful remedies of allopathy. He  earnestly and conscientiously to teach the
is a voluminous writer in his profession; many  true doctrine of Hahnemann, and to advance
of his works having been translated into the  the science of homceopathy as much as was in
various languages of Europe. Space will not his power. He was the first in this country to
allow of a list of the many products of his teach in the public clinics of the school the
yen. Of one of these, his " Domestic Phy- single remedy and the high potency.
~ician," which, in I837, had attained six large   In I86I, he was elected honorary member of
editions in this country; in I858, two in the Hahnemann Medical Institute of this city.
Great Britain, ten in Germany, and has been  The " Key Note System," which has now
translated extensively with a circulation of been adopted by all true lovers of homceomore than one hundred thousand copies, the pathy, originated with him, and was strongly
Brilis/z Quarterly 7ournal of H-omwopalhy  upheld in a work which he published in
remarks, "Dr. Hering's Guide we have always I867. This was a quarto volume of 760
considered the best and most original of do- pages, the title being " The Application of
mestic works."                           the Principles and Practice of Homceopathy to
Obstetrics and the Disorders peculiar to Women and Young Children," the second edition
UERNSEY, HENRY NEWELL, of which is in course of preparation. Since
M. D., of Philadelphia, Pa., was then he has contributed largely to the medical
born at Rochester,Windsor county, literature of the day by pamphlets of his own
Vermont, February Ioth, I817. publication, and articles in the leading homHis father, Joseph Guernsey, served with  oeopathic journals, besides various papers read
marked distinction as Justice of the Peace for before different homoeopathic societies.  In
many years, and was regarded by his neigh- I868, he was elected honorary member of the
bors as a man of exemplary habits. Through  Hahnemannian Society of Madris de Tulio,
his mother, Phebe Jefferson, he was connected  and in I87o a similar honor was conferred
with Thomas Jefferson, " the ardent lover of upon him by the Cumberland county Homceoliberty for all men, irrespective of color."  pathic Medical Society of Pennsylvania. In.



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IIOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            I 
student.  In addition to attending to a large  in its various phases, and devotes much atprofessional business, Dr. Thomas has found  tention to female diseases.
time to contribute a number of papers to the    Dr. Webster has been Secretary of the
medical journals, besides writing a work on  Miami Homceopathic Medical Society ever
"Post Mortem  Examinations and  Morbid  since its incipiency, twelve years since.  He
Anatomy," which is just ready for the press, has also been at different periods Secretary
and to act as General Editor of the A4ztericanz  and President of the Ohio State Homceopayourrnal of HZomwopeathic Zllateria Medica.   thic Medical Society.  He has been married
nearly twenty years.  Keeping aloof from
political life (excepting the exercise of his
right of suffrage), he has devoted himself assiEBSTER, WILLIAM, M. D., of duously to the duties of his profession, and
Dayton, Ohio, was born in Butler has attained an enviable position.
county, Ohio, on January I2th,
I827.  He is of Welsh descent.
His ancestors, some generations back, on immigrating to America, settled in New Jersey,        UDLAM, REUBEN, M. D., of Chiin the neighborhood of New York, and sub-      < -gcago, Ills., was born in Camden,
sequently removed into Pennsylvania.  His           ] N. J., October 7th, I83I.   He
grandfather moved to Ohio in I8o6,-at that            is the eldest son of Jacob W. Ludtime but thinly populated,-and located in the  lam, M. D., who during a period of thirty
beautiful valley of the Miami.  Here the sub- years sustained a high reputation for probity
ject of this sketch was reared to agricultural and professional skill.  Under the guidance
occupations. In his fourteenth year, he en- of his father, Reuben prepared himself to
tered the Monroe Academy, where he pre- receive the full benefits of medical study
pared himself for admission to the Ohio Wes. in the University of Pennsylvania. At the
leyan University, Delaware, Ohio.  Remain- close of his third course of lectures, he was
ing here two years, he entered the Farmers' graduated in that institution in March, 1852.
College near Cincinnati, and graduated with  In the following autumn he removed to Chihonor in I848.                             cago, where, from that time, he has been so
Inheriting from his father, who was a phy-, exclusively occupied by his duties, that in
sician, a taste for medical studies and pursuits, twenty years he has been absent from his post
he devoted all his leisure moments during his but twenty-five days. Like so many of the
senior year to the education necessary for young men of marked ability, he early esattendance upon the Eclectic Medical Insti- poused the cause of homwopathy,-giving in
tute in Cincinnati; he graduated in I 85I, and  his adhesion to the system one year after his
moved to Middletown, Ohio, as an allopathic  graduation. When the Hahnemann Medical
physician. The College named had estab- College of Chicago was organized in I859,he
lished a chair of homceopathy.  In attendance  was elected to the chair of Physiology, Pathoupon the lectures of Professor Rosa, the dis- logy, and Clinical Medicine.  He filled this
tinguished incumbent of that chair, Dr. Weh- responsible position for four years to the entire
ster was so much impressed with his manly  satisfaction of the institution and the students.
exposition of the system, thapt he was induced  He was transferred to the chair of Obstetrics
to make a partial trial of it.  At the end of and the Diseases of Women and Children,
one or two years, he dropped the practice of which he still holds. Aside from qualificathe old system, and continued exclusively upon  tions in the minute and thorough acquaintance
the new. After nine years' practice in Mid- with his subject as a teacher, Dr. Ludlam  is
dletown, he removed, fourteen years since, distinguished for the singular perspicuity of
to Dayton. He makes a specialty of catarrh  his thoughts, the ease with which he elucidates



12                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
his points, and the force with which he im- and is an honorary member of several domespresses them on the minds of his students. tic and foreign learned societies.
His lectures are purely extemporaneous-no    During the year that followed the great
notes being before him-and are remarkable  fire of Chicago, he was the representative
for their systematic and practical character. member of the homoeopathic school in the
Possessing all the ardor of a convert to ho- medical board of the Chicago Relief and Aid
moeopathy, his well balanced mind renders his Society, having in charge the health of sixty
views and opinions comprehensive, liberal, thousand sufferers by that terrible calamity.
peaceful, and progressive.                 In this capacity he did much to allay the bitterDuring several years, Dr. Ludlam was an  ness of partizanship, and to bring about a proassociate editor of the North American I-omna- per state of feeling among all classes and
opat/zic Quarterly, published in New York. schools of physicians, who, however differing
For seven years he has been and still is in  in their modes of practice, are all laboring
charge of the obstetrical department of the  for the common good.
United States fedical and Surg'ical yozurnal,
an able quarterly published in Chicago.
In March, I863, he published the first
medical work ever written and published in          AKE, JABEZ  P., A. M., M. D.,
the North West, consisting of "  A Course of          of Nashville, Tenn., was born in
Clinical Lectures on Diphtheria," which at-           Johnstown, N. Y., April 22d, 1827.
tained great popularity.  His specialty in his        His father, Faber Dake, M. D.,
profession is that of the diseases of women  was for many years a successful allopathic
and children, in which he has made a reputa- physician in Nunda, N. Y., where he diedtion second to none.  His private and con- a marble monument erected by -his family
suiting practice is almost unlimited.  He has marking his resting place.  He was converted
the charge of the woman's department of the  to homceopathy in 1843.  His mother was
Scammon Hospital.  He has recently given  Sophia iowen, a lady of remarkable energy
to the public a work entitled, " Clinical and  and uprightness of character, who was also
Didactic Lectures on the Diseases of Women,"  untiring in her zealous efforts in behalf of the
which is used in all the homceopathic col- temperance and other reforms.
leges as a recognized authority both in this    Dr. Dake was educated in the Literary
country and in Europe.                     Institute at Nunda, in Madison University at
In I 868, he was appointed to the professional Hamilton, and in Union College, Schenectady,
charge of the Homceopathic Infirmary for at which latter institution he was graduated in
Women, in New York city; and in I87o, was  I849. His first literary effort in the cause of
unanimously elected to the chair of Obstetrics medicine was an essay, read before the senior
and Diseases of Women and Children in the  class of this college, in advocacy of homceNew  York  Homceopathic Medical College. opathy; although a youthful effort, it indicated
Both of these appointments, he was con- so thorough an appreciation of the true prinstrained to decline-finding it difficult to re- ciples of the science, and gave promise of
linquish a field of labor in which he had won  such large and intelligent acquaintance with
a commanding position. In I869, he was it, that it was published by Dr. Smith in one
chosen President of the American Institute of of the city papers.  His medical studies were
Homceopathy, at its session in Boston, on  prosecuted under the direction of Dr. Gustavus
which occasion he delivered the annual ad- Reichelm of Pittsburgh. He attended lectures
dress. He subsequently served the society as at Geneva College, where he distinguished
its general Secretary.  He was the first Presi- himself by his earnest defence of homceopathy
dent of the Chicago Academy of Medicine; before his class, against the unjust aspersions



HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               13
of the faculty.  He graduated at the Homoe- Tenn., and there resumed the practice of
opathic Medical College in Philadelphia in  medicine, building up a large and remunerative
185I.  Immediately on his graduation he  practice.  During the past few  years his
associated himself with Dr. Reichelm  until literary efforts in medicine have been chiefly
1853, when the latter removed to Philadelphia, directed to earnest measures for a reformnn  in
leaving him  alone in a large and valuable  the Materia Medica, the reproving of medipractice.  In I852, he became one of the  cines in a Prover's college.
editors of the Philadeltphia 7ourn.a of Homas-    Dr. Dake was married to Miss Elizabeth
opatly; in I86o, he aided in the editorship of  Church, the daughter of a very  eminent
the United Slates Yournal of Homevopalzy, allopathic physician of Pittsburgh.  He has
in the columns of which he gave a masterly  five sons, the eldest of whom, William  C.
demonstration of the universality of the homce- Dake, is now a graduate in medicine, and
opathic law. In I863, he was one of the  associated with his father in practice.
editors of the North American yournal of
Homeolat/zy.  In all these, and in other
journals are to be found many very able
articles from his pen.  In I855, he delivered       OPE,  GUSTAVUS  WILLIAM,
an oration on the "Philosophy of Homce-                M. D., of Washington, D. C.,
opathy," at the centennial celebration  of            was born at Niagara, N. Y., in
Hahnemann's birthday, in Philadelphia. The            December, 1829.  There have
ability which up to that date had characterised  been eminent physicians and surgeons in this
his advocacy of this science, led to his election  family for four generations.  He is the eldest
to the chair of Materia Medica in the college  son of Dr. Gustavus William  Pope, sen., and
of Philadelphia, a position which he ably  a nephew  of Dr. Harold H. Pope.  These
filled for two years, when he was constrained  two brothers were, for more than forty years,
to resign on account of the pressing demands widely known and distinguished as physicians
of his private practice in Pittsburgh. In 1857, and surgeons in Rome, N. Y. Their uncle
he was elected President of the American  was Dr. Willard Smith, a highly distinguished
Institute of Homceopathy, at its session in  surgeon in western New York fifty years ago.
Chicago, and in 1858, delivered the annual Their grandfather-the great-grandfather of
address before that learned body during its the subject of this sketch-was Captain Wilsession in Brooklynl, N. Y.                liam Pope, remarkable for his handsome perThe promise of his early youth had already  son, great athletic strength, prowess and skill
begun to yield its fruit, and in i86o he pre- in all martial exercises.  He was an officer in
pared and published a small work for domestic  the continental forces of the British army beuse on "Acute Diseases," and in 1871, in  fore Quebec, and an eye-witness of the death
Nashville, republished the same, revised and  of General Wolfe at the heights of Abraham.
considerably enlarged.  This little volume  Subsequently he was with his old school comadded largely to his already high reputation  rade, the renowned General Ethan Allen, at
as an advocate of homceopathy. It has placed  the storming of Ticonderoga.  He particibefore the public a practical treatise which  pated in many of the most important battles
every family ought to possess.  His arduous of the Revolution, in one of which, single
labors at length so impaired his health, that he  handed, he sabred and slew  three heavily
was compelled reluctantly to give up the  armed British grenadiers, and captured the
finest and largest practice in Pittsburgh. From  British flag. He was at the encampment at
Pittsburgh he retired to his farm at Salem, Valley Forge, where clothed in rags, he shared
Ohio. In 1869, his wife being affected with  all the privations and sufferings of that little
pulmonary disease, he removed to Nashville, band of revolutionary heroes, and at last wit



14                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
nessed at Yorktown the surrender of the and efficiency in both departments. For two
British army, under Lord Cornwallis, to Gene- years he was physician to the Oneida Alms
ral Washington.                           house; while thus engaged his attention was
Dr. Pope received his early education at casually drawn to the pretensions of homceWhitesborough Institute. Howfarhis choice opathy as a system and a science. Unlike
of a profession was determined by early as- many educated in the allopathic system, who
sociations, and the successful practice of his ridicule the new mode without any examinafather, and uncle, it would perhaps be difficult tion of its merits, Dr. Pope, with all the preto determine; but his mind very early turned  judices and predilections of his education,
to the study c' medicine, and after his gra- and in spite of the opposition of his family,
duation at the Institute he commenced his gave to the subject'a thorough and dispassiopreparations for a thorough course of study in  nate investigation for the space of three years,
the allopathic system of medicine. At the  during which he tested the system in all points.
early age of seventeen he began his medical Finally, becoming thoroughly convinced of
studies under the careful supervision of his the superior claims of homeopathy in every
father and uncle, under whose care several of particular, he openly avowed his adhesion to
the most distinguished physicians and surgeons it, and withdrawing his connection with the
had already pursued their early studies, among  Oneida Allopathic Medical Society, he marwhom was Dr. Brainerd, the highly distin- ried, and, in I856, removed to Washington
guished surgeon of Chicago, and founder of City, where his admitted ability in his profesRush Medical College.                     sion has secured him a widely extended reTn 1847, Dr. Pope matriculated at New  putation, and a large and valuable practice.
York University, and for three years was a The pioneers of homoeopathy in Washington
constant student and attendant in New York  were Drs. Piper and Green at the date of Dr.
Hospital and Bellevue.  In 185 I, he gra- Pope's settlement in the capital. At that period,
duated at the Albany Medical College, where, homceopathy had to struggle for a permission
pursuing his studies in anatomy under the tui- to exist. The allopathic physicians assumed
tion of Dr. John Swinburne-afterwards Health  an attitude of hostility toward it, from the outOfficer of New York —he had the reputation  set, and it required many years of persistent
of being the best dissector, draughtsman, and  endeavor to compel the acknowledgment
surgical anatomist of his class; and his thesis which its uncontested success should have sereceived a special commendation by the well- cured. Since the decease of Drs. Piper and
known New York State Geologist, Professor Green, Dr. Pope is the senior homreopathic
Emmons. In I852, he was assistant physician  physician in Washington City. Engaged in
in the New York State Lunatic Asylum, where  a large, lucrative and eminently successful
his abilities were thoroughly appreciated. On  practice, he has aided largely by his intelligent
one occasion, learning of an attempted insub- devotion to his work in giving to homoeopathy
ordination in one of the departments, alone  an elevated status in that city, while his able
and unattended, he penetrated into a room  and very liberal contributions to the literature
containing thirty crazy men, and rescued one  of his profession have tended to remove
of the keepers from the murderous hands of the prejudices which long hindered a just aptwo furious maniacs, and by his fearless de- preciation of the system, and he has converted
meanor, kept the whole raging crowd at bay  several of the alumni of the Washington and
until they were properly secured. The close Georgetown Medical Colleges to the ranks
confinement of this position affecting his of homceopathy.
health, he resigned his appointment, and re-   In I849, while yet a student of medicine,
turning to his father, he assisted him in his Dr. Pope, by experiments conducted upon
extensive and arduous medical and surgical animals, and also on his own person, dispractice, and became well-known for his skill covered the antidotal action of belladonna



HOM(CEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                           15
and opium. This was full twenty years be- disease was witnessed and acknowledged by
fore he had ever seen any notice of the sub- many citizens, and immediately imparted conject in any medical journal. The subject has fidence in, and gave a new impetus to homcebeen largely noticed within the past two years opathy, which it has even since maintained in
in Braitlzowait's Retrospect, and other medical the capital.
journals.  In I849 and'5o, he successfully
treated three cases of attempted suicide by
opium and morphine, and one case of poison-        )NGELL,  HENRY  C., M. D., of
ing by the Musquash root, cured by the anti-          Boston, Mass., was born in Prodotal action of belladonna.                           vidence, R. I., in I829. Of naDr. Pope was the first to introduce in ho-          turally delicate constitution, the
mceopathic practice in Washington those valu- early endeavors to forward his education were
able remedies, the Veratrum viride, and Gel- seriously counteracted by ill health, which
seminum. As he had often proved the action  caused frequent interruptions in his studies.
of many drugs upon his own system in a bold  Entering the office of Dr. A. H. Okie, of Promanner, including camphor, aloes, conium, vidence, he prosecuted his studies with assibelladonna, opium and stramonium, he on  duity, and joining the Homceopathic Medical
one occasion made a proving of the veratrum, College of Pennsylvania, graduated there in
which, in respect to massiveness of dose, was  I1852, adding one more to the many eminent
the largest on record, surpassing the famous names enrolled upon its record.  Locating in
proving of Dr. Burt of Illinois.  Dr. Pope  Salem, Mass., he associated himself with Dr.
took sixty drops of Norwood's concentrated  Floto in practice.  He remained here but a
tincture within the space of six hours, produc-  short time, yielding in a few months to a long
ing feeble and intermittent heart action, ago- cherished desire to visit Europe, where in the
nizing oppression and pains, vertigo, syncope, General Hospital connected with the Univeretc., etc.  He also made a similar massive  sity of Vienna, and in the Leopold Stadt Hoproving of the tincture of Aconite radix.  mceopathic Hospital, then under the care of
In I856, Dr. Pope was the first to introduce  Drs. Wurmb and Caspar, he diligently prosein Washington the successful treatment of cuted his studies for one year. Onhis return,
constitutional, secondary, and tertiary syphilis he settled at Lynn, Mass., prepared to give to
by the mercurial vapor bath, as applied by Dr. his profession the fruits of his sojourn abroad.
Langston Parker, surgeon of Queen's Hospital, In 1857, he removed to Boston, where a larger
England. This mode met with great oppo- and more promising field of labor opened to
sition from the principal physicians in Wash- him, and where he laid the foundations of an
ington at that time. It has now been recently  enviable career.  Three years after his settlehighly recommended and adopted bly the Sur- ment in Boston, viz. in I86o, he made his first
geon General of the U. S. Army.            important contribution to homceopathic mediIn the same year Dr. Pope treated the first cal literature. This was an article on " Diet "
cases of diphtheria that appeared in Washing- published in the Ao-rt/ Amnericazn 7'ozrnai of
ton. The disease was a novelty to all the IHomlaopat/y,.  In it, running counter to the
physicians. The type was severe and alarm- received principles of his profession, he asing. His first patient was a beautiful and ac- sumed the ground that the effects of homoeocomplished young lady, the daughter of an  pathic medicines are not neutralized by the
eminent member of the Philadelphia bar. seasoning used in the preparation of food, nor
During this and the succeedingyear he treated  by the use of condiments at the table.  In
about one hundred cases, losing only three; addition to this bold assumption, he contended
whereas under allopathic treatment more than  that the practice of physicians in restricting
three-fourths of all cases died. The superior- the use of certain foods because of their supity of the homceopathic mode in this dreaded  posed influence in either vitiating or neutraliz



i6                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP/EDIA OF
ing the effects of alternate doses of drugs was contributed some of the most valuable articles
wholly unnecessary, and frequently injurious to the medical journalism  of this country;
to the progress of the patient.  IIe farther and, outside his profession, is a contributor to
contended that the food prescribed ought to  the current magazine literature.  He is also
be adapted, not to the medicines given, but to  a devoted student and an ardent admirer of
the condition of the patient, and the nature  art, and an amateur painter of considerable
of the disease. The views thus boldly ad- skill. A great part of his summer vacations
vanced, were wholly counter to the received  is spent in sketching from nature.  He is yet
ideas, and familiar traditions of homceopa- but in the prime of life; has shown of what
thists. The strong common sense which cha- he is capable; and upon his matured intelracterized his arguments, and the clear and  lect, now aided by a large experience, hisproearnest manner in which they wcre presented, fession and his country have claims which he
attracted great attention both to the article and  will undoubtedly and fully meet.
its author. They were considered at the date
of their publication as views bordering upon
heterodoxy; but now, after the lapse of a
dozen years, they have not only lost all novelty,   ROPPER, CHARLES, M. D., of
but have become acknowledged principles of            Oxford, Ohio, was born in the
homceopathy, and a part of the practice of            city of Lexington, Ky., September
many of their adherents.                               i6th, 1826.  His father was a
Illness in his family, in I86I, again com- native of Maryland; his mother was a native
pelled him to go to Europe. In this visit he  of Kentucky.
spent three years and a half, devoting his time    The family removed to Cincinnati in the
and studies to the diseases of the eye. The  year I83I, and that city, with occasional temlarger portion of his time was spent with Pro- porary removals to places in the vicinity, has
fessors Arlt and Jaeger in Vienna, three months  ever since been Dr. Cropper's home.  He
with Professor Von Graefe in Berlin, and six  pursued his literary studies at different private
months in the eye clinics of Paris and London. academies and at Woodward College in the
Returning home in I864 he has since devoted  city; devoting considerable time and attention
his attention exclusively to diseases of the eye  during his earlier years to the study of music,
and ear, in which he has acquired well de- in which he attained considerable proficiency
served renown.                             as an amateur. When quite young, his natuIn I866, he started The New England Me- rally philosophic mind led him to the study
dical Gazelle, which, during the first year, he  of physiology in its various departments, and
edited alone.  Subsequently he associated  eventually to the study of medicine, which,
with him  Dr. I. T. Talbot, of Boston.  Pro- after the completion of his collegiate course,
bably no medical journal in the country has he adopted as a profession.  He received the
exerted a wider and more powerful influence. degree of Doctor of Medicine from the EclecIts establishment was a happy thought, and  tic Medical Institute of Cincinnati June Ioth,
its able management has been creditable to  I854, at which time he delivered the valedicthe editors. In 1870, was issued his treatise  tory address, having been elected to that duty
on " Diseases of the Eye," of which it is not by a very complimentary vote of the class.
too much to say, that it promptly took its place  He immediately entered upon the practice of
as a standard, and is now the acknowledged  medicine as a homceopathist, having studied
authority upon the subject on which it treats that system with much care and interest while
in the homceopathic school.                at College, and upon the practice of which he
Dr. Angell is a graceful and vigorous writer. had resolved before his graduation.  In I864,
His highly practical mind clothes its thoughts at the request of the homceopathic physicians
in language of symmetric beauty.  He has of Cincinnati, he founded the Ameirican Ho






..........
- - -    - - - - - - -



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                             17
mceopjaist, a monthly journal of medicine, the study of medicine in I832, under the
which he conducted for two years. During  direction of Dr. Isaac S. Mulford, an emithis editorship he wrote and issued the call nent physician in Camden.  Having attended
for a convention of physicians of the State of three courses of medical lectures in the
Ohio, at Columbus, for the purpose of orga- Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia,
nizing a State society.  The "call" was he graduated with honor in 1836, and went
heartily responded to, and resulted in the es- to Chicago. In the spring of 1843, upon a
tablishment of the State Society, now existing  careful examination, he adopted the homceand in a very flourishing condition.  He was opathic system  of medicine. A  few years
the first Secretary of the Society.  In i865, later he observed a thorough demonstration
he was married  to Miss Carrie Corwin, of its efficiency in the cure of scarlatina and
youngest daughter of the Honorable Thomas cholera. In 1855, he was instrumental in proCorrwin.                                   curing from the legislature a charter for the
In I868, he was elected an honorary mem- Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital
ber of the Homceopathic Medical Society of of Chicago, and was elected its first President;
the State of New York. In the summer of a position he worthily filled for ten successive
1872, when the Pulte Medical College of years.  He aided in the inauguration of the
Cincinnati was established, he was unani- State Society, and served as its President durmously elected Professor of Materia Medica ing several sessions. Of the American Inin that institution, the position he now fills. stitute of Homceopathy he has been President,
He has a clear and vigorous intellect, is a  Secretary, and Treasurer. During one session
profound thinker, and a polished writer.  He  before leaving for Europe, he filled with acis an occasional contributor to some of the  ceptance the chair of Materia Medica and
medical journals of the homceopathic school. Therapeutics, and is now Emeritus Professor
As a practitioner he has achieved a wide- in that department in the College in Chicago.
spread and enviable reputation especially in   In every position he has filled, Dr. Smith
the treatment of chronic diseases. As an ad- has evinced strict integrity and a highly pracvocate of the great principles of homceopathy  tical mind, and has won respect and confidence.
he has taken a deservedly high rank; yet he  He has retired from the more active duties of
earnestly desires that all sectarian divisions his profession, and is now called upon to
and the spirit in which they are founded and  figure in financial circles and to serve as one
nourished should be done away with, and that of the directors of a leading banking instituall true physicians should be united in one tion.  He is highly esteemed in social life,
body, imbued with liberality of spirit, earnest- and particularly with his numerous friends and
ness of purpose in developing and establish- acquaintances most familiar with his activity
ing medicine as a science, and generous devo- and usefulness in his long professional career.
tion in applying its principles to the promotion
of the best interests of humanity.,j   i; ERDI, TULLIO   SUZZARA,
M. D., of Washington, D. C., is
MITH, DAVID  S., M. D., of Chi-              a native of Italy.  He was born
cago, Ills., is a native of Camden,'     of gentle parents in Mantua in
M   -   N. J., and was born on April 28th, I829, and is now in his prime.  His history
1816.  His father, Isaac Smith, has been singularly eventful, and his strugEsq., was one of the earliest settlers of that gles and success form a deeply interesting
city, where he was held in high esteem.    chapter of his life. Educated in the ManAfter obtaining the ordinary school advan- tuan Gymnasium of Science and Literature,
tages, the subject of this notice commenced  he entered the Sardinian army in i848 under
2



iS                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
King Charles Albert, who was then moving  War, Minister to Russia, and Judge of the
into Lombardy against the Austrians.  On the  Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
disastrous defeat of the Italian army in I849    He is a member of the American Institute
at Novara, young Verdi escaped into Switzer- of Homceopathy, and of the American Union
land in order to avoid imprisonment, and from  Academy of Literature, Science and Art;
thence to Paris.  Louis Napoleon being Pre- and in March, I87I, was appointed by the
sident of the French Republic  would not President of the United States, a member of
permit political exiles to find asylum in France, the first and only Board of Health of the
and Verdi was compelled to retire into Eng- District of Columbia created by Congress.
land. During his wanderings, so great was By this Board  he was elected Secretary,
the vigilance of the Austrian governmeint, that Health Officer of the District, and Chairman
he was unable to hold any communication with  of the Sanitary Committee.  Under his enerhis family.                                getic management, he obtained from Congress
The writings of his countryman Botta had  a. charter for the Washington Homceopathic
awakened his enthusiasm  for America, and  Medical Society, giving to that body all the
he resolved to become a citizen of this coun- rights and privileges of the older societies.
try. With only thirty dollars in his possession, Of this body he was the President for two
he paid his passage money, and started for years. It was through his personal influence
New York with but five dollars in his pocket. that was secured the dismissal of Dr: Van
Here, in I850o, he met Garibaldi, who gave  Aernam for the office of Pension Surgeon,
him  letters to George Washington Greene, and the admission of homoeopathic physicians
Professor of Modern Languages in Brown  as examining surgeons for pensions. He was
University, R. I., under whose auspices he  Mr. Seward's physician in April, i865.
was well received in Providence,. and soon    He is the author of an interesting paper on
supported himself by teaching Frenclh and  Massini, published in The Christianz Union
Italian, and thereby learning the native tongue  of May 29th, I872, and of an exceedingly
at the same time. So proficient did he be- valuable treatise on "Maternity," recently
come in the English language that, after two  published by J. B. Ford & Co., of New York.
years, he was able to lecture upon the Italian   On April 15th, 1873, Governor Cooke aprevolution. Three years after his arrival in  pointed him  Sanitary Commissioner to the
Providence, Professor Greene resigning his principal cities of Europe, in connection with a
office, it was gracefully tendered to Verdi, who  scheme for perfecting a sanitary system for the
accepted it, and, finding himself now in good  capital.
circumstances, sent for his two brothers, exiles           -     ---
like himself. While holding his professorship, he devoted all his leisure hours to the       URR I E R, C H R I S T O P H E R
study of medicine under Dr. Okie, an emi-              BODWELL, M. D., of Middlenent homceopathic physician of Providence.             bury, Vermont, is one of the pioIn 1854, he attended medical lectures in Phi-         neers of homceopathy  in that
ladelphia, where he received graduating di- State.  He is the eldest son of Captain Benplomas from both the homceopathic and allo-  jamin Currier of Lawrence, Mass., who served
pathic schools. His first field of practice was in the war of I812, and was conspicuous for
Newport, R. I.  Here he was very successful, bravery in the battle of Plattsburgh.  Dr.
but, desiring a larger sphere of action, he  Currier was educated at Guilford Academy,
moved to Washington city in I857.  In I86o, Meredith Bridge, N. II.; he studied medicine
he married Miss Denny of Pittsburgh, a grand- with Dr. Jerome Harris, an allopathic physidaughter of Major Ebenezer Denny of Gene- cian of Lawrence, Mass., with whom he reral Washington's staff, and a grand-niece of mained two years. Removing to New York
Hon. Judge Wilkins, eminent as Secretary of  City, he placed himself under the tuition of



I!9 In 4',........  









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|     Hi~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iI



HOM(EEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              t9
Dr. Belmont, an eminent English physician,          OLCOMBE, WILLIAM  HENRY,
who made the treatment of diseases of the             M. D., now resident of New Orchest a specialty.  At the end of his first year   1[ leans, La., was born in Lynchwith Dr. Belmont, he was threatened with a            burg, Va., on May 2gth, 1825.
dangerous form of his tutor's " specialty," and  His father, from whom  he inherits his proin order to escape phthisis, returned to the  clivities for medicinal studies, was a popular
northern part of Vermont.  Here he entered  and  successful physician, a private pupil,
the office of Dr. W. W. Jermess of Derby, as and personal friend of the venerable Dr.
student and patient.  His health improved:  Chapman of Philadelphia. Young Holcombe
very rapidly, and he was enabled to attend  entered Washington College, Lexington, Va.,
lectures at Woodstock, Vt.; subsequently. at now  known as Washington and Lee Unlithe College of Physicians and Surgeons in  versity, where he graduated in the regular
New York; and then at the University of  course.  On leaving there he entered his
Pennsylvania, where he graduated with dis- father's office as a student of medicine, and
tinction. After four years' practice in Roches- prepared, himself for the University of Pennter and Cornwall, Vt., he settled in Middle- sylvania, from  the medical department of
bury, Vt. In I867, he was married to Miss which. he graduated in April, I847. His
Kate Dewey of that place.  In Rochester, he: medical training had been, thus far, wholly
received the appointment of Assistant United  allopathic, and his traditional sympathies were
States Marshal, and has lately been appointed  exclusively with that school.  During a re::to, and now holds, the office of United States dence in Cincinnati he had an opportunity of
Examining Surgeon for Pensions, which he  witnessing the marvellous superiority of the
obtained in spite of the, strenuous efforts of homoeopathic treatment of Asiatic cholera, as
the allopathists against his appointment.  He  shown in the'results which followed; and he
was one of the first members, of the State Ho- unhesitatingly yielded to the force of the evimoeopathic Society, and'has served as its Pre- dence. While in Cincinnati he married Miss
sident for several years, besides holding other Rebecca Palmer of that city. In I852, he
offices. He is a staunch and able advocate  removed, on account of ill health, to Natchez,
of' homeeopathy, and has identified himself  Miss. In 1864, he removed to New Orleans.
with every earnest endeavor to secure and ad- With great earnestness he has devoted himvance its interests.  His love of active work  self exclusively to the duties of his profession,
has led him to confine his endeavors chiefly to  and although his practice is very large and
practice.  He has, therefore, done little for laborious, he preserves his habits of study,
its literature.  His ability is well attested by  and is able in the intervals of labor to write
his numerous patients, and not less by the  and publish numerous valuable papers and
concessions of his professional opponents. books.  His first book was issued in I852, on
The respect of the latter, and the gratitude  " The Scientific Basis of Homceopathy."  In
of the former are an ample reward.  Of late, this work of 304 pages, Dr. Holcombe has
he has begun to feel' the effects of his persis- advanced an undulatory theory of cure, based
tent labors, in impaired health.  His extreme  upon the correspondence between the animal
punctuality, and his temperate and systematic  and the cosmic forces. The work is as rehabits, in connection with the basis of a good  markable for the ability which is every where
constitution, will we trust long preserve to his apparent on its pages, as for the originality
adopted State the benefit of his services and  and beauty of the theory which it advocates.
experience.                                He was co-editor for many years of the NVowrzI
In the spring of 1873, he received an hon- American yournal of Homazopatly, and conorary degree from  the Cleveland Hospital tributed numerous elaborate and able articles,
College, creditable to him and to the institu- and several interesting and instructive papers
tion conferring it.                        translated  from  the  French.  Conspicuous



20                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
among these were sundry valuable papers,            OYCE, CAPTAIN  WILLIAMl,
containing his reports of various epidemics of        M. D., of Auburn, N. Y., was
yellow fever, in which the measureless supe-          born in Upham, Vt., on June 28th,
riority of homceopathic treatment was incon-          1822.  To his grandfather, waho
testably established.  In 1853, Drs. Davis and  was captain of a New England company durHolcombe were elected physicians and sur- ing the war of the Revolution, he owes his
geons to the Mississippi State Hospital. When  christian name of "Captain."  Having comthe trustees were summoned by the legislature  pleted his classical preparation, he commenced
to explain their reasons for changing the prac- his medical studies with Drs. Clary and Ritice in the hospital, they replied that homce- chardson, in Syracuse, N. Y., and under their:
opathy had proved, by its successful treatment instruction was prepared for the medical deof the great scourge of the South, its claim to  partment of Geneva College, one course of
universal acceptance.                      lectures in which he attended during the sesDr. Hoicombe's pamphlets, entitled, " How  sion of I843-'44.  He has always acknowI became a Homceopath," and " What is Ho- ledged his great indebtedness to Dr. James
moeopathy," have had a very wide circulation, Webster, Professor of Anatomy, and Dr. Frank
and have proved exceedingly popular and  H. Hamilton, Professor of Surgery, for valuaeffective in leading to correct views.     ble instruction in their respective departments.
In I86o, he published a volume of beauti- In 1844, he was licensed by the Medical Soful poems, which were extensively read; and  ciety of Onondaga county. Then, spending two
in I872, another, entitled, " Southern Voices."  years in practice in Syracuse, N. V., and one
These works have received' in England and  in Watertown, N. Y., he went to Auburn,
America a high meed of praise. A Sweden- N. Y., where he now  resides, actively enborgian in his religious sentiments, he has gaged in the labors of his profession.
published four volumes explanatory of the    Dr. Boyce has been a member of the Board
Swedenborgian Theory of Spirit and Matter, of Health, and the Health Officer of Auburn
in which he presents in lucid style the philo- over twenty-one years.  He tendered his resophy of that creed. These works, published  signation of the latter in March, 1872, when
by Lippincott & Co. of Philadelphia, are en- a well-merited tribute to his faithfulness and
titled, " Our Children in Heaven," published  zeal was paid him by the Common Council
in I867; "The Sexes Here and Hereafter,"  of the city.  They "acknowledge his skill
in I868; " In Both Worlds," I869; and " The  and ability as a physician, and his discretion
other Life," in 1870.  They have passed  and fidelity as a public officer; " and express
through several editions in this country, have  the opinion, " that he is eminently entitled to
been reprinted in England, and two of them  the gratitude of the people of the city whom
have been translated into German.          he has so long and so faithfully served."
Dr. Holcombe is a man of tireless energy.    During the sessions of I861-'62, he attended
He has now nearly ready for the press, another the Homceopathic Medical College of New
volume of poems, entitled "Song-Novels'"  ork, at which he graduated.  He attended
(octavo), and a large work now in course of  in 1864-'65 the sessions of the Homceopathic
preparation, on "Homoeopathic Therapeutics."  College of Pennsylvania, where the special
Of enlarged views, and with a heart that degree of the College was conferred upon
beats responsively to the sufferings of his fel- him without his knowledge, until upon the
lows, his influence is powerful, though not platform during the commencement exercises
aggressive, and, being in  deep  sympathy  he heard the announcement of his name. He
with the progressive and humanitarian move- has been for some years Supervisor of the
ments of the age, he is an uncompromis- town of Auburn in the County Board.
ing and brilliant advocate of the causes he    He has had charge of the medical and saespouses.                                  nitary department of the Cayuga  County



HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                             21
(N. Y.) Alms House for the period of fifteen  Anatomy in the College the following year,
years, and has recently (January Ist, I873) and held the position two terms; devoted
received his reappointment for another term  himself to private practice from I858 to I867
of three years.                           — a portion of the time in Bethlehem; accepted the chair of Anatomy in his Alma
Mater in I867, and while discharging its
O  K, CHARLES  PERKINS, duties acceptably, lectured on Clinical MediM. D., of Hudson, N. Y., was cine. In April, i868, he was made editor of
born in that place on March 17th, the HahneEmannian Moonth/y, a journal of
I845. He is the son of Dr. Abi- approved literary and scientific merits that he
gal Perkins Cook, of Hudson; grandson of still edits.
the late Dr. George Whitfield Cook, and    Dr. McClatchey is a ready and vigorous
great-grandson of Colocnel Ellis Cook, of Ha- writer, and has contributed extensively to
nover, N. J., a distinguished soldier of the homceopathic literature.  He has been Serevolutionary war. On completing his earlier cretary of the Philadelphia Homceopathic
education, he entered Williston Seminary, Medical Society since its institution; edited
East Hampton, Mass., where, passing through  Laurie's Homceopathic Domestic Medicine,
the several classes, he graduated with honor. and was elected General Secretary by the
His tastes indicating continuance in the tradi- American Institute of tIomoeopathy in this
tions of his family, he entered the office of his city, in June, 187I. His acquaintance with
father, in I864, to commence the study of homceopathic physicians is unequalled, and
medicine and surgery. Subsequently he be- he is esteemed by all. As a practitioner, his
came a pupil of Dr. H. N. Parrie, of Albany, distinguished success has won for him a large
and then of Jacob Berkley, M. D. (deceased), and lucrative practice.  The comparative
formerly Professor of Surgery in the Homce- youth, the thorough education, the eminent
opathic Medical College of New York.       attainments and success of Dr. McClatchey
His studies extended through four years. insure for him a brilliant career.
He attended lectures in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Albany, and graduated
with distinction at the Homceopathic Medical
College in the spring of i868.  He has made        ARDINER, DANIEL R., M. D.,
for himself a reputation as a gentleman of re-       of Pottsville, Pa., was born Octofined instincts, a successful physician, and a       her 2 It, 1828, in Newtown townskilful surgeon.  He is a member of the              ship, Delaware county, Pa.  His
American Institute of Homceopathy, and of father, Richard Gardiner, M. D., is one of the
the New York State Medical Society.        oldest and ablest physicians in the State.
Having passed successfully through his preparatory studies, Daniel R. Gardiner completed his academic course in Hamilton UnicCLATCHEY, ROBERT  J., versity, New York State. He commenced
M. D., of Philadelphia, Pa.; born  the study of medicine in 1846, and after atthere April 6th, 1836; was edu- tending two courses of lectures at the Jeffercated at Nazareth Hall and the  son Medical College, he entered the HomceAcademy of the P. E. Church in Philadelphia; opathic Medical College in Philadelphia, and
entered the office of Dr. Wm. Tod Helmuth, graduated at the fall session of I849. He
the distinguished surgeon, now of New York; practised for some time in Philadelphia, submatriculated at and was graduated from the sequentlyremoved to Morristown, N. J.,where
Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl- he was the first to introduce homceopathy.
vania, in I856. He was made Demonstrator of After a few years' residence here, he went to



22                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
Smyrna, Del., where he was also the first to    Dr. Gardinerhas attained a sound reputation,
make known the merits of the new system. and yet retains and increases his practice, alFrom there he removed to Woodbury, N. J. though he is so advanced in years.  His chaIn either of these last named localities, a phy- racter as a Christian gentleman stands high in
sician may have a large amount of practice, the community, and he is held in honor in the
with but a limited field for varied experience, Baptist Society, of which he has been a proand with no opportunity of enlarging the  minent and active member since I8I8.  His
boundaries of his practical knowledge,-the  labors in the cause of religion have been procommoner types of disease alone being those  ductive of much good.  He was married
which come beneath his notice.  Leaving  June 26th, 1814, to Miss Rice, of Darby, who
Woodbury, he settled in Pottsville, Pa., to  died in i863, leaving six children, one of
find an extended field open for him, in which  whom is in the profession.  He has always
he has enhanced his medical reputation by  been a hard and earnest worker in whatever
skilful treatment of the variety of cases inci- he has attempted.  Sixty years of honorable
dent to that important mining centre.  His experience as a physician have won him hosts
practice is large and valuable, and he is of friends; and he is held in loving reverence
greatly contributing to the advancement of by his numerous patients.  He is now eighty
homceopathy by his effective daily labors in  years old, but is young in spirit and energy.
the cause, and his valuable contributions to its
literature.                    -                             -
ATON, HOSEA BALLOU, M. D.,
XARDINER, RICHARD, M. D.,                    of Rockport, Me., was born in
of Philadelphia, Pa., was born             Plymouth; Me., March 24th, 1822.
February 2Ist, I793, in Darby,             "The Glover Memorials and GeDelaware county, Pa.  He is the  nealogies," pp. 390, 39I, contain this record:
son of Dr. William  Gardiner, a: prominent " Parker Eaton, Esq., the father of Dr. H. B.
physician, and the only one in his: day resi- Eaton, was born in Fitchburgh, Mass., in
dent in that town.  His early education was  1786.  March 9th, I807, he was married by
limited to the village schools.  At the age of  Rev. D. Baldwin to Mary Seymour Manson,
seventeen, he commenced his medical studies of Boston, Mass.  She was a descendant in a
in his father's office, and assisted him in the  direct line fronm Gov. Joseph Dudley, of Roxprescription department. In the same year he bury, Mass. She was born in Boston, in I788,
entered the University to attend the regular and died in Plymouth, Me., in I848, in the
courses of lectures, driving to and from Phila- sixty-first year of her age. They removed to
delphia daily for that purpose.  In the spring  Plymouth in I82I, where Parker Eaton, Esq.,
of I814 he succeeded his father in Darby, still resides."  A filial pen has recorded that
and continued there until 1835, when he re- they were industrious, honest, and intelligent
moved to Philadelphia, and, settling in the  Christians, and that, during nearly twenty
lower part of the city, soon established a good  years, Parker Eaton filled some office in town
practice.  In the year following he was in- or county, such as Sheriff, etc.
duced to investigate the homoeopathic system.   Dr. Eaton was educated at St. Alban's AcaIn this he was joined by Dr. Gideon Hum- demy, and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary
phry, an intimate friend. After a thorough  at Kent's Hill.  In his boyhood, he became
examination of the principles, and tests of the  familiar with a book of medicine written by
remedies, he yielded to the pressure of the  Dr. Samuel Thompson, and it is probable that
evidence, avowed his conversion, and, in 1848, to this he owed the peculiar bent of his mind.
graduated from the Homoeopathic College in  In I845, he graduated at Bondin Allopathic
Philadelphia.                              College, and went to Rockport in Camden,



D-I~DO Tu
va/v/zzoV  rYJY                      - - --— I'>e(3s~ [rXAl)'inT    Y5^ oa-S






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               23
where he took rank as a skilful practitioner. rience in that department, turned his attention
On the i6th January, I848, he married Martha  to the study of medicine, and commenced his
White  Glover, daughter of Captain John  preliminary reading with Dr. M. Friese of
Glover, of Camden.  In 1852, he attended  Harrisburgh in I867. He entered the Holectures in the medical schools of Philadelphia  mceopathic College of New York, and finally
and New York, spending some of his time  graduated in 1870 at the Hahnemann Mediwith Dr. S. S. Fitch, in the study of diseases cal College in Philadelphia.
of the chest, and with Dr. Ira Warren, whose    He commenced practice in Lancaster, Pa.,
specialty was diseases of the throat.  Return- where he married Miss Laura G. Fritchey,
ing to Rockport, he resumed his practice, daughter of Rev. J. G. Fritchey.  After a rewhich he continued until I864, when he en- sidence here of eighteen months, he removed
listed in the Army as surgeon.             to Frederick City, Md., where he found that
In 1854-'55, he adopted the homceopathic  he had much prejudice to contend with, arissystem, and has continued one of its most ing from ignorance of the real principles of
zealous advocates.  He has had the charge  homceopathy, and from the failures of his preof the town poor for seventeen years.  This  decessors, whose incoimpetency  bequeathed
field of labor is in  one respect peculiar. trouble to their successors.  In the face of
Within a radius of three miles from his office, these obstacles he has in three years, by merit
are extensive lime quarries where large bodies and attention to his duties, gained a creditable
of men are engaged in blasting rock. Scarcely  position and firmly established homceopathy.
a week passes in which his skill is not called
into requisition by distressing accidents among
the workmen.
On embracing homceopathy, he was ex-              MAL, ALVAN   EDMOND,
pelled from the Maine Medical Association;            M. D., of Chicago, Ills., was born
but was, in 1870, elected President of the            March 4th, I8II, in Wales, LinMaine Homceopathic Medical Society, and               coin county, Maine, his parentsVice-President of the American Institute of of Scotch descent-being among the earliest
H-omceopathy.  Hiis address delivered before  settlers of that town.  His father, Hon. Jothe former society was an able defence of the  seph Small, was several times elected member
Hahnemann school; it was printed, exten- of the State Legislature, and held other prosively circulated, and received much commen- minent positions of trust and responsibility.
dation from the Press as pointed, clear and    His academic education was received in
comprehensive.  He relies much upon his Monmouth, Me. In I83I, he commenced
skill; he disregards many rules and traditions, the study' of medicine, and graduated from
and his success is the best endorsement of his the medical department of the University of;
course.  He is self-educated, self-reliant and  Pennsylvania. He settled inDelaware county,
enthusiastic.                              Pa., and established a practice which he relinquished in I845, for one in Philadelphia,
where he remained eleven years. In 1849,
OTH, AMOS A., M. D., of Fre- lhe was appointed to the chair of Physiology
derick, Md.,, was born near HIar- in the Homceopathic College of Philadelphia,
risburgh, Pa., October I9th, 1846. which he filled with exemplary fidelity during
He received at home and in the several years. He was than transferred to the
public schools his preparatory training, and  important chair of the Homceopathic Institute
studied one year in the White Hall Aca- and Practice of Medicine, which he also ably
demy.  In I 867, he matriculated at the Penn- occupied.
sylvania College at Gettysburgh.  He then    He removed, in I856, to Chicago, and secommenced farming, and after a brief expe- cured a large and increasing practice.  On the



24                    BIOGRAPIIICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
organization of the Hahnemann Medical Col- Blair, then the only homoeopathic physician
lege of Chicago, he was elected to the chair in Newark, and one of the pioneers of that
of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, system in Ohio. The treatment of his case
which he filled from  I859 to I869, his expe- was so successful that, on his recovery, he
rience and wisdom aiding largely in the ac- decided-against the wishes of his father-to
quisition of the high reputation which this prosecute the study of homceopathy, and, enschool has since attained. When resigning  tering the office of Dr. Blair, prepared himthis chair, he was elected President of the  self for admission to the Cleveland HomceCollege. To him is largely due the posses- opathic Medical College, at its first session,
sion of its present commodious buildings, and'and graduated from that celebrated institution
its high standing as a medical school.  He  with distinguished honor.  In I852, he lohad always acted as Treasurer of the College, cated in Jonesville, Mich., where he built up
and his wise management and financial tact a large and successful practice. He was one
admirably maintained the credit of the school. of the pioneers of homceopathy in that State.
As General Superintendent of the Scamon  During his residence there, he became the
Hospital, he infused into it the new elements associated editor of the Norotz American
of success. He has served as President of  yournal of Homceopbatzy, and of the Amenithe Illinois Homoeopathic Medical Associa- can Homceopa/zic Observer, positions which
tion, and of the American Institute of Ho- he still fills with marked ability. In i86o, he
mceopathy.                                 gave to the public "A Monograph of GelseHe is the author of a popular manual of ho- minum," a work which first iltrcit.duc d.hinm
mceopathic practice, and has also published a to the public as an author. His many able
treatise on diseases of the nervous system. papers on new and indigenous remedies early
He has ready for publication a treatise on di- made him known to the homceopathists of
seases of the chest. Few have done more to this country, and, in I862, he published the
extend the knowledge of homceopathy, and  first edition of " New Remedies," which atto commend it to the world. He is an exem- tained such success, that a new edition was
plary Christian gentleman, active and liberal soon called for. In I864, being invited to
in his church, of which he has been a mem- the chair of Materia Medica in the Hahneber for forty years.                       mann Medical College of Chicago, he removed to that place, and, enterin, into partnership with Dr. A. E. Small, he remained
with him five years. He then formed a partALE, EDWIN  M., M. D., of Chi- nership with his brother, Dr. P. H. Hale,
cago, Ills., was born in Newport, from Michigan, with whom he was associated
N.H., and is the son of Dr. S. Hale. until the occurrence of the great fire, in I87I.
He is honorably descended from  A second edition of "New Remedies " was
the Hales of Norfolk, England, a distin- published in I867. Two years later, Halsey
guished family. When only seven years old, & Co., of Chicago, brought out an able work
he accompanied his father to Fredonia, 0. from his pen, entitled, "The Therapeutics of
During his residence there, he was graduated  Sterility."  This was followed by sundry mothrough the public schools, and became a nographs on Materia Medica and medical
printer, and an associate editor of a news-  jurisprudence. In I87o, he was elected to
paper in Newark. Intended for the profes- the chair of Medical Botany and Pharmacosion of law, he found the study uncongenial, logy in the Hahnemann Medical College of
and abandoned it promptly. While in New- Chicago, and to the position of Lecturer on
ark, an attack of pneumonia requiring prompt Diseases of the Heart.  His lectures on this
treatment, he declined the allopathic mode, latter subject were published, in 1871, by
and placed himself under the charge of Dr. Bcericke & Tafel, of New York. In i872,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            25
his chair was enlarged to comprehend the  journals of this country and England.  He
"Therapeutics of New Remedies."  At this has made by his unwearied efforts an exalted
date, the beginning of 1873, his works on  reputation, not only among his immediate
"New  Remedies," and "Diseases of the  patrons and professional friends, but throughHeart," are passing to new editions.  He has out the Union and abroad, both as a physialso in press a treatise on " Cerebro-spinal cian and as a writer on medical subjects.
Menengitis and its Homceopathic Treatment."
Dr. Hale is yet in the prime of life.  Possessed of a frail constitution which needs constant care, he has a temperament which impels him on in the pursuit of knowledge. He         A N D E R S. JOHN  CHAPIN,
is a remarkably well balanced man; and hav-           M. D., of Cleveland, Ohio, was
ing in a rare degree the faculty of self-posses-      born in Peru, Union county, Ohio,
sion, he has maintained successfully the posi-        July 2nd, 1825. His father, Motions, which through much criticism he has ses Chapin Sanders, M. D., was a practitioner
assumed, in the theory and practice of his pro- of surgery of forty years' experience, and one
fession.  His compeers award him the honor of'the pioneers of the Western Reserve. His
of being one of the most indefatigable of la- mother, whose maiden name was Hannah M.
borers, and a thorough investigator of new  Thompson, died during his infancy.  His
remedies, especially those which pertain to  academical course was pursued at Milan, Ohio.
the indigenous flora of the United States. In  Thence he entered and was graduated from
this respect he is pre-eminent, the profession  the medical department of the Western Rebeing largely indebted to him for the intro- serve College, at Cleveland.  Reversing the
duction and proving of many of the remedies  usual ordination, his classical studies followed
now  most common, and of acknowledged  his professional; the former pursued for two
efficiency, and which the homceopathic phy- years at the Western Reserve College, Hudsician cannot dispense with in the proper son, Ohio, and for two years at Yale, whence
treatment of many forms of disease. Dr. he was graduated in I854.  For, while studyHale has by his publications acquired fame ing and practising with his father, he apprethroughout Europe; his " New Remedies,"  hended the worth of more thorough scholastic
and other valuable papers having been trans- preparation, and had the nerve to quit a lucralated into the German, French, and Spanish  tive and fascinating practice in order to qualanguages.  His incessant employment as a lify himself most thoroughly for it and greater
lecturer, writer, and practitioner have secured  successes in it.
him a lucrative return; and he has been able   Immediately following his graduation from
to devote a portion of his leisure and of his Yale, Dr. Sanders returned to Huron county,
pecuniary means to the gratification of his Ohio, and entered into partnership with Dr.
taste for aesthetics.  Poems from his graceful A. N. Reed, of Norwalk, assuming the place
pen have frequently appeared, and hispenchant vacated by his father's retirement. He entered
for works of art is visible in the surroundings  at once upon a large and lucrative practice,
of his home.                               dividing its responsibilities and rewards with
Dr. Hale is an honorary member of the his partner. The following autumn.he marState Societies of New York, Michigan, and  ried Alline G. Smith, of Cleveland, Ohio.
Massachusetts; a member of the American  Remaining in Norwalk until his father's deInstitute of Homceopathy, and of the Illinois cease, about three years, he was convinced
State Homceopathic Medical Society, to all that his health could not endure the strain of
of which he has largely contributed in the  such onerous duties and exposures, and reway of original provings.  He is also a fre- moved to Cleveland.  Meeting an old and
quent contributor to the various homceopathic  valued friend, he learned from him the reasons



26                     BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP.EDIA OF
for his conversion to homceopathy and became  in Philadelphia.  Here he speedily attained
at once interested in its study.  While doubt-  a distinction that needs no publication and
ing the practical merits of a theory that suited  cannot be overthrown. Aside from his strictly
every requirement, he visited his friend's pa- professional labors, Dr. Lippe has been a regutientswith him, carefully scrutinized the cases, lar contributor to  homceopathic literature.
treatment and results; and, becoming tho- He filled the chair of Materia Medica in the
roughly convinced theoretically and experi-  Homceopathic College of Pennsylvania from
mentally, gave in his adhesion to the prin-  1863 to I868 with distinguished success and
ciples', and entered upon their practice.   to an universal acceptance.  He also transHis following success led to his election to  lated valuable Italian, German, and French
the chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women  homceopathic essays and treatises, that are
and Children inl the Homceopathic Hospital now standard; and augmented and improved
College of Cleveland, which he continues to  its Materia Medica, and by his clinical reports
fillwith ability and satisfaction.  In I86o, he  has'shown how this may be rendered practiwas elected to the Presidency of the institu-  cally available and utilized in the application
tion, and retained it until I868.  He is still of homceopathic knowledge and principles.
connected with the college, but expends more    Adopting homnceopathy after careful exatime upon practice and in studies upon re- mination, when qualified to institute and concondite as well as new branches that qualify  duct it; believing it to be progressive rather
him for enlarged usefulness.                 than stagnant, and having devoted the best
years of a prosperous life to establishing its
claims in this country, Dr. Lippe has rejected
all solicitations that recalled him to Germany.
IPPE, ADOLPHUS, M. D., of  Defending the school in its infancy, and nursPhiladelphia, one of the most ce- ing it through a crescent youth, he has had
lebrated  homceopathists in this  the rare felicity of witnessing the realization
country, is a native of Germany, of his best hopes, and enjoying a success to
and was born at the family estate of " See,"  which his labors contributed a full share.
May II, 1812.  He is the oldest son of the  Unwilling to abandon results he did so much
late Count Ludwig and Countess Augusta zur towards securing; hopeful of further progress
Lippe, and was destined by them for the pro- and more decisive victory, when all but the
fession of law; finished his academical pre- last blow seems won, and supported by both
parations and was graduated at Berlin. While  pupils and patients, Dr. Lippe is continuing
prosecuting legal studies there, taste and op- his career in the field of its greatest triumphs
portunity attracted him to the more congenial with undiminished energy and an ability that
pursuits of medicine, and at the close of a  is increased by every day's labor, study and
year he devoted himself thereto.  Emigrating  experience.  He is assured of an honorable
to the United States in I839, he presented  niche in the American chapter of homceopahimself to the sole homceopathic school there  thic history, and may eventually challenge a
sustained, at Allentown, Pa. After a critical foremost.  The peculiar advantages of family
examination he was graduated there, and re- and educational discipline in one of the best
ceived his diploma from Dr. Constantine Her- schools of Germany, that he enjoyed, were
ing, the President, July 27th, I841.         thoroughly utilized by original capacity and
Removing to Pottsville, Dr. Lippe practised  mental bias.  Intellectually rounded and well
with success and growing ability until called  stored, as well as disciplined, his signal sucto a larger field at Carlisle.  Here the preva- cess is a motive as well as a gtuide to others.
lent epidemics of the Cumberland Valley  He has shed lustre upon German capacity,
gave him  a new distinction, by means of  and identified his native land more closely
which he was, six years later, induced to settle  with the scientific life of his adopted country.



/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l.-...A,.1,.:'6l      Jq






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               27
ARTIN, HENRY  NOAH, M.D., in Buffalo, N. Y., in I86o, and was also a
of Philadelphia, Pa., was born in  correspondent for that paper.
Albion, N. Y., on the 2oth of Oc-   At the opening of the rebellion, like many
tober, I829. When six months  others impelled by patriotic motives, he enold his parents removed to Buffalo, N. Y., listed as a private in the 36th New York Vowhere, at the age of eight years, his father lunteer Infantry, where he served until hobeing in affluent circumstances, he commenced  norably discharged because of serious illness
his classical studies with a view to a complete  contracted in the Chickahominy swamps. On
collegiate education in this country and in  the 4th of July, I86I, he was commissioned
Europe.                                    a second lieutenant to rank from the I5th of
In I839, his family being involved in the  June preceding. On the Igth of November,
great financial revulsions of that period, were  I86i, he was appointed by General McClelreduced to poverty, and returned to Vermont, lan, Judge Advocate of General Couch's Ditheir former residence.                    vision, in which capacity he served until June,
During ten years following, the subject of  I862.
this sketch labored as a clerk and on the farm,    He was in command of a company during
during the summer seasons, each winter find- the march on Richmond, and received his
ing him assiduously pursuing his studies at the  commission as first lieutenant under date of
Derby Academy and at the Caledonia County  October 3oth, I862.  During his service in
Grammar School, now known as the Peacham  the Army, Lieutenant Martin was one of the
Academy.                                   war correspondents of the New Yor~k Herald.
Having received an academical education,   A tedious as well as dangerous illness folhe entered the office of Hon. John Mattocks, lowed his retnrn to Buffalo, from which he
then Governor of the State, to pursue the study  finally recovered.  Believing that homceopaof the law; here he remained one year, but thic medicine had saved his life, he resolved
want of money compelled him to relinquish  to spend the remainder of his days in its prachis then favorite idea.                    tice. As a first step he entered the office of
In the year I849, having recovered from a  Dr. R. R. Gregg of Buffalo, to commence
severe illness, he became acquainted with a again his studies of medicine.  In the winter
physician who lent him books and furnished  of I863-'64 he took one course of lectures in
him  with a skeleton, upon which he com- the medical department of the University of
menced his first studies in medicine.  In the  Buffalo, and the following winter he attended
year I85o, he returned to Buffalo with the in- lectures at the Homoeopathic Medical College
tention of completing his studies with his of Pennsylvania, where he graduated in the
uncle, a prominent physician of that day, Dr. spring of I865. During the winter of I864Alden S. Sprague, but adverse circumstances'65 he also attended a course of lectures on
prevented the attainment of his desires, though  Surgical Anatomy at the University of Pennleisure moments taken from hours of business sylvania.
were still devoted to the study and amateur    Dr. Martin now again returned to Buffalo
practice of medicine. The financial revulsion  to practise his profession; but he did not reof I858 left him struggling with poverty, a main long, for in the spring of I867, he
wife and child leaning upon him for support; turned his face toward Philadelphia.  He had
and for want of other employment he engaged  not remained here long before he was elected
to write daily articles for T7he Bztffalo Re- to the professorship of Physiology by the
pzublic. He contributed numerous editorials authorities of his Alma Ma/er.  He subseand many humorous articles to its columns.   quently resigned and was elected Professor of
He was the first delegate of the _New York  Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and ChilFVor/cd to the State Editorial Convention, held  dren, and Lecturer on Clinical Medicine in



28                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
the Hahnemann Medical College of Phila- confided to his care.  He was a man of great
delphia.  In November I867, he resigned  strength of character, anti left a noble examagain and was elected Professor of Clinical ple, which his son labored to imitate. After
Medicine, which position he held until the  he had completed his classical course at the
spring of I872, when he was also elected  Gymnasium of Soest, and his medical studies
Professor of Practice in the same institution. at the University of Marburg, he accepted an
Dr. Martin was elected to membership in the  invitation from his oldest brother to accomAmerican Institute of Homceopathy in I868, pany him to America. Eagerly embracing
and honorary member of the Homceopathic  the opportunity thus opened to him, he sailed
Medical Society, of the State of Vermont, in  for the United States in the spring of 1834.
I869.  He is also active and corresponding  Landing at New York, he started for St. Louis
member of several other societies.  From  to meet his brother who had preceded him,
September, I867, to September, 1870, he was and passing through Pennsylvania, was inco-editor with Dr. C. Hering of the Amlerican  duced by a personal friend to remain at CherYou-rnnl of Iomacebpathic A/Ialeria Medica, ryville, Northampton county. Here he formed
and is now editor of the department of Prac- the acquaintance of Dr. William Wesselhceft,
tice and Clinical Medicine in the same jour- who, at that time, resided a few miles distant.
nal, and also editor of the department of  From him he learned of the system of HahGynecology in the Medical Izvestigantor of  nemann, and its wonderful success, and on
Chicago, Ills.                             his suggestion was led to test its meritsby
His ancestry in this country dates back to  actual experiments.  The results were so rethe first settlement of New England, his pater- markable that he warmly embraced the new
nal ancestor being Christopher Martin, one  system, and became enthusiastic in his devoof the " May Flower " Pilgrims, whose descen- tion to it.  He gave to its study the whole of
dants were nearly all Connecticut farmers, and  his energy, and shrank from no hardship or
his maternal ancestor John Alden, the first expense necessary to complete acquaintance
clerk of Plymouth Colony.                  with it. At that time the labor of attaining a
The descendants of John  Alden were  thorough knowledge of homceopathywas very
nearly all professional men. Among them  great.  There were no books upon the subject
are numbered some of the most distinguished  to be had.  Text-books and repertories were
of New England's sons.                     not known. A large part of the facts and
Statesmen, soldiers, poets, and divines are  practical knowledge existed only in manuamong his progeny scattered over the national scripts sent from Europe, and here extensively
domain.  One of the best known of these, copied and circulated; these he thoroughly
perhaps, was President Edwards, the father studied.  It was by these means that the first
of Calvinistic doctrines in this country.  attempt at a more systematic and fixed treatment of Asiatic cholera was transmitted to the
Northampton County Society of Homceopathic Physicians, and piously studied and reveULTE, JOSEPH  HYPPOLYTE, rentially copied by its members.  Slow and
M. D., of Cincinnati, Ohio, was tedious as was this process, it proved effective
-    born  in Meschede, Westphalia, in keeping alive the zeal of the adherents of
October 6th, I8II. His father, the system, and probably made a deeper imHermann Joseph Pulte, M. D., was the Medi- pression upon their minds. Knowledge thus
cal Director of one of the Government insti- acquired was not easily forgotten. Dr. Pulte
tutions for the education of midwives, and as soon joined the band of homoeopathists who
these had to be organized all over the newly  had  formed  the  society in  Northampton
acquired provinces, he was especially deputed  county-the first one of the kind in this counfor that service, besides presiding over those  try. It registered among its members some



HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               29
of the most eminent practitioners whom  the  to Europe, he visited Europe to submit his
State has ever known, and many clergymen  well matured plans to the governments imwho gave the influence of their position and  mediately interested.  His efforts were not
culture to the advancement of the cause. The  successful; but the same project, withthe same
most valuable accession to the Society was detailed data, are now carried into effect. He
Dr. C. Hering, who had taken up his resi- returned to America promptly, as the Asiatic
dence in Allentown to preside over the Aca- cholera was making rapid strides toward this
demy which had been formed by the little  continent.  During the prevalence of this
band of homoeopathists. Dr. Pulte recognized  fearful scourge in 1846, he had the satisfacin Dr. Hering a man of power and of ad- tion of seeing the homceopathic treatment
imirable administrative abilities, and submitted  triumphant over all others. It was by his
gladly to the moulding influence of his genius. exertions and counsel that a uniform prophyHaving assisted to organize the Academy, he  lactic and curative system was recommended
now gave his best energies to sustain its repu- to the Homnceopathic Society, and generally
tation, and advance its prosperity. After six  adopted bythe people. After this memorable
years of increasing activity, and on the dis- encounter with the most terrible scourge of
solution of the Academy, he went to Cincin- the world, he had the gratification of seeing
nati in 1840, on his way to meet his brother homceopathy firmly established in the West
in St. Louis.  He travelled in company with  and South, and receiving to its fold large
an intelligent Englishman, Mr. Edward Giles, numbers of the ablest allopathic practitioners.
who, converted to the theory of homceopathy,   In 1850, he published his " Domestic Pracneeded practical proof. if it could be had. On  tice," a work that, entirely original in its arthe steamer he met with the lady who was rangement, has rendered, by its immense
destined to be. his wife, and to whom he was  popularity, many works on the subject unmarried in I840.  Remaining in Cincinnati necessary to the present time.  Reprinted in
long enough to give Mr. Giles an opportunity  London,it has passed through several editions;
of witnessing cures by homceopathy, he opened  and, translated into Spanish, has become the
a private dispensary, where soon the sick  received authority in Spain, Cuba, and the
children of the poorer classes gathered for South American Republics.  In 1852, in conrelief. It was summer, and the usual com- nection with Dr. H. P. Gatchell, he complaints of the season were prevalent.  Mr. menced the publication of the American llaGiles was witness to the marvellous cures per- gazine of Homneopat/y and  lydro1a/piyy.  It
formed,.and yielded to the force of the evi- continued two years as a monthly; in the
dence thus furnished. The. news of his suc- third as a quarterly, under Dr. C. D. Williams,
cess soon spread over the city, and rich and  and was then discontinued. During this time,
poor applied to him for help; and, in less than  Dr. Pulte filled with great acceptance the
six weeks from the time of his arrival, he was chair of Clinical Medicine in the Homceopain full practice, and obliged to relinquish his thic College in Cleveland, and afterwards that
contemplated visit to St. Louis.           of Obstetrics.  While lecturing on this latter
In 1846, he published a work on history, subject, he prepared for general use a work
entitled, "Organon of the History of the  on the diseases of women, entitled, "The
World."  This volume, altogether original in  Woman's Medical Guide."  It appeared in
its mode of dealing with its subject, gained  Cincinnati in I853.  This little work gained
for him the esteem  and friendship of such  a very rapid popularity in this country and in
men as Humboldt, Guizot, Schelling, Bunsen, England, and was translated into Spanish in
ILepsius, and W. C. Bryant. In 1848, having  Havana, where it has an extended circulation.
originated a plan for carrying the electric tele-    When diphtheria appeared as an epidemic,
graph around the world, via Behring's Straits, he embodied in a monograph his views, with
or the Aleutian Islands, to Asia, and thence  the results of his experience, and his mode



30                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CVCLOPAEDIA  OF
of treatment.  It was widely spread through- in the United States-and was President of
out the West.  In 1855, the centennary of the association in 1848. He was one of the
Hahnemann's birth, he delivered the address  founders of the Homceopathic Medical Colbefore the American Institute of Ilomceopa- lege of Pennsylvania, in I848, and, for a
thy in Buffalo, N. Y. Full of years and of  number of years thereafter, satisfactorily filled
honors, Dr. Pulte has made the most valuable  the responsible position of a Professor within
contribution to the cause of homceopathy in  its halls.  He assisted in educating a large
the endowment of the college which bears his number of the present practitioners of homoename. It was opened in Cincinnati, Septem- opathic medicine, by all of whom he was held
ber 27th, I872, and is one of the most valua- in the highest esteem. He was an indefatigable schools for the advancement of homce- ble worker in the field of the Materia Medica,
opathy.                                    and made a number of additions to the list of._..  -medicines, which are highly prized in the
profession.  He was a constant contributor
ILLIAMSON, WALTER, M. D., to the medical journals of his school, an acof Philadelphia, Pa., was born in  tive member of several medical societies, and,
Newtown, Delaware county, Pa., in fact, devoted much of his time and talents
January 4th, I8II.  His ances- to the development and dissemination of hotors were members of the Society of Friends, mceopathy. The rise, progress, and success
his father being the third lineal descendant of  of the homceopathic school of medical pracDaniel Williamson, who came to America with  tice in this country is largely due to the laWilliam Penn, in I682. Ile received a sound  bors of Dr. Williamson, who, by his talents
English education, and at an early age entered  and his well-known integrity, naturally wielded
into mercantile pursuits.  It soon became evi- -a very powerful influence.
dent, however, that trade was not destined to    Although originally of unusually vigorous
engage his entire attention, for at this period, constitution, and a man of most exemplary
even the study of some of the branches colla- habits of life, yet incessant application to his
teral of medicine, were his favorite pursuits. multifarious pursuits, naturally impaired and
In his twentieth year he became the private  finally broke down his health, and he died
pupil of the late William  E. Horner, M. D., December Igth, I870, most sincerely mourned
the distinguished Professor of Anatomy, and  by an affectionate family, and a very large
was entered as a student of medicine in the  circle of friends.
University of Pennsylvania; from which institution he graduated in I833. He practised
allopathy, as he had been taught, for three         TEVENSON, THOMAS  COLyears, and, in 1836, being convinced of the           LINS, A. M., M. D., of Carlisle,
truth of the homceopathic law of cure-simi-           Pa., was born in Pittsburgh.  He
lia simsilibus czurtantur-he adopted that sys-        is the only surviving son of Geo.
tem of therapeutics. In 1839, he removed to  Stevenson, M. D., who was not only distinPhiladelphia, and was soon engaged in an ex- guished for unsullied integrity and various
tensive and lucrative practice.  In 1843, he  accomplishments, but was an able physician
published a treatise on the homceopathic treat- and distinguished surgeon, and an officer in
ment of the diseases of women and children, the revolutionary war.  When but seventeen
which has run through several editions, and  years old, the father was in the memorable
remained for a long time a text-book, until Battle of the Brandywine as Lieutenant in
superseded by larger and more comprehensive  the First Pennsylvania Regiment, and he acworks. In 1844, he assisted in the organiza-  companied the subsequent fortunes of that
tion of the American Institute of Homceopa- campaign through all of its vicissitudes in the
thy-the oldest national medical association  Middle States. Forced to resign his commis



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               31
sion by the circumstances of his family, he  West Point as a Cadet. The loss of health
studied medicine with Dr. Samuel A. Mc- compelling resignation, he began to study law
Coskery, father of the Right Reverend Bishop  with Hon. James Rogers, then Attorney Geof Michigan; and, having qualified himself, neral of Delaware, and brother of Hon. Moulre-entered the army as surgeon, and remained  ton C. Rogers, late of the Supreme Court of
in service to the close of the war. As one of Pennsylvania, and was admitted to the bar of
the original founders of the patriotic " Society  that State. He afterwards removed to Carof the Cincinnati," his membership descended  lisle, Pa. While so employed, he met Dr.
to his son. He returned to Carlisle, and there  Adolphus Lippe, just removed from Pottsville,
commenced the civil practice of his profession. to assume the business relinquished by Dr.
In I794, he headed the Carlisle Infantry to  Ehrman.  He was led by him to investigate
suppress the Whiskey Insurrection, and had  the claims of homeopathy, and after long and
as companions in the company Thomas Dun- patient study he embraced the system. When
can, afterwards Judge of the Supreme Court Dr. Lippe removed to Philadelphia, in I850,
of Pennsylvania, and Hon. David Watts, still Stevenson accompanied and resided with him;
remembered by the bar of Cumberland. The  was matriculated at the Homceopathic Medicompany won the proud commendation from  cal College of Pennsylvania, and was graWashington, of being the best equipped and  duated in March, I851. Excepting two short
best drilled body of men in the service. When  intervals, he has ever since been in successful
war was expected with France, in I798, Dr. practice at Carlisle.  During these intervals
Stevenson was commissioned Major in the  he was a member of the family of Dr. Lippe,
ioth United  States Regiment, in what is and formed one in a private class in Materia
known as Adams' Provisional Army, and re- Medica.  He also attended two full courses
ceived command of all recruiting in the State  of lectures at the Homceopathic Medical Colwest of the Alleghenies.  His headquarters  lege. He derived great advantages by meetwere at Pittsburgh, and there he conducted  ing many of the most distinguished physicians
the obsequies of Washington.               of the country at Dr. Lippe's, who were atDr. Stevenson resumed his civil practice  tracted there by his frank and intelligent exwhen Jefferson's accession to the Presidency  planation of the doctrines of Hahnemann.
led to disbanding the Army. For many years  So descended, so educated and disciplined;
he was President of the Branch Bank of the  with such aids and experiences, and with no
United States at Pittsburgh, under the admi- ordinary native endowments, it was only nanistration of Langdon Cheves and for a part tural that Dr. Stevenson should have attained
of that of Nicholas Biddle.  By judicious the success he has in personal and professional
management he saved the parent bank from  life. His family connections commanded a
many heavy losses and ruinous reverses.  He  social position second to none.  His personal
was also long President of the Select Council traits and training; a quick insight to the naof Pittsburgh, and retained that office until he  ture of disease, and good judgment of the
removed to Wilmington, Del., where he died  constitution of his patient enabled him  to
in I829, leaving a memory that is still revered  select from  an abundant pharmacopoeia that
among some of the oldest inhabitants.  On  remedy or those remedies most precisely suited
his mother's side, Dr. Stevenson is descended  to the case. And as his ascertained abilities
from Gen. Thomas Collins, of Kent county, commanded  the patients' confidence, their
Del., who filled with honor the positions of  exercise assisted recovery, and won for him
Chief Justice, Captain General, Governor, and  speedy recognition, and deserved reputation.
Commander-in-Chief of the State during and  Still in the prime of life, strengthened by pracafter the struggle for independence.       tice, and aided by study and observation, he
After graduating at the Western University  is hardly at the threshhold of his career, and
of Pennsylvania, Dr. T. C. Stevenson entered  is expected by judicious friends to achieve a



32                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
general reputation equivalent to the very  to himself and the institution.  He has been
flattering one they and the immediate com- a member of the American Institute of Homunity have already awarded.               mceopathy since I867.  For near eight and
twenty years, Dr. Pratt has worked earnestly
and effectively as an unflinching champion of
homceopathy. He is a man of a liberal and
RATT, LEONARD, M. D., of  essentially practical mind; skilful and reliable,
| Wheaton, Ills., was born in Rome, and possessing that power, which knowledge
] Bradford county, Pa., on Decem- and experience give, of inspiring at once
ber 26th, I8I9.  His parents and  confidence and respect.
grand-parents were from Connecticut.  After
the usual preparatory course of study, he entered Lafayette College, at Easton, Pa. On          EDGES, SAMUEL  PARKER,
leaving school, he entered upon the study of          M. D., of Chicago, Ills., was born
medicine with Dr. L. C. Belding, in Le Rays-          in Sinclearville, Chautauqua counville, Pa., and attended his first course of          ty, N.Y., July 23rd, I841.  His
medical lectures in the Jefferson Medical Col- ancestors came from England in the sevenlege in Philadelphia, prosecuting his studies teenth century.  His early education was in
faithfully, during the sessions of I842-'43. the public schools.  His immediate preparaIn this latter year, he united with Dr. Belding  tion for college was made in the Jamestown
in experiments to test the utter insufficiency  Academy in his native county.  On attaining
of the homceopathic system of medicine. He  his twenty-first year, he entered the office of
gave it a very thorough trial, and was im- his uncle, Dr. W. S. Hedges, of Jamestown,
pressed with the fact that the system worked  N. Y. He had just commenced his medical
marvellous cures.  He and his preceptor ex- studies lwhen the war of the rebellion broke
pected to prove homceopathy a fraud, and  out; and, like so many of our prominent men
they came forth from the investigation con- of all professions, he tendered his services to
verts to the system. Dr. Pratt then opened  his country for its suppression.  Enlisting as a
an office in Towanda, Pa., where he met with  private, July 24th, I862, in the I I2th Regiment
the bitter opposition of the old school advo- New York Volunteers, he was soon selected
cates, luntil his success in his practice secured  as Sergeant.  In December following, he was
to himself and his adopted system the con- made Orderly Sergeant, and in the same
fidence of the community. After attending a month, after the battle of " The Deserted
course of lectures in the Homceopathic Medi- House," in which he commanded his comcal College of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, pany during the whole battle, he was proin 1852, and receiving a diploma, he left moted to a Second Lieutenancy.  He was
Towanda, went to Illinois, and settled in  placed on the staff of Brigadier General R.
Lanark, on the line of the Western Union  S. Foster as aid-de-camp, and acting Assistant
Railroad.  From there he removed to Whea- Inspecting General in Florida during the
ton, in the same State.  He has served as spring of I864.  His services were acknowTreasurer, Recording Secretary, and President ledged by his advancement to be First Lieuof the Illinois State Medical Association of tenant and Adjutant, in May of that year.
Homoeopathy, and has contributed papers of  In that capacity, while striving to bring his
much value to the medical journals.        regiment into position during a heavy fight on
In I869, he received the appointment to the the south-side of the James River,. Virginia,
chair of Clinical and Medical Surgery in the  he was ordered by his colonel to report to the
Hahnemann  Medical College of Chicago, general commanding the advance, in order to
and, in 1870, to that of special Pathology and  get the regiment into position to check the
Diagnosis, which position he fills with credit enemy.  He was captured in the attempt, and









HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS                                33
his colonel was killed.  Confined in the va-        cCLELLAND, JAMES H., M.D.,
rious southern prisons, and enduring the fear-        of Pittsburgh, Pa., was born in
ful sufferings known only to those who have           that city,- May 20th, I845.  His
been called to bear them, his health became           father was an architect, and for
so shattered, that he was unable to rejoin his many years held the foremost rank in that deregiment until May, I865. He was then ap- partment of art. He possessed a high order
pointed Captain of Company F., and was of intellect, and a moral character above resoon assigned to duty on the staff of his bri- proach.  Without solicitation on his part, he
gade under Colonel E. M. Ludnich, Acting  was appointed Postmaster of Pittsburgh, in
Brigadier General, as his Acting AssistantAd-  I868, a position which he filled with conjutant General.  He was discharged at the  scientious fidelity, until a short time preceding
close of the war, in I865, having acquired  his death.  His mother was a daughter of the
distinction for competency and bravery.    Rev. John Black, D. D., for many years ProHe now resumed his medical studies, and  fessor of Languages in the Western Univerattended the Cleveland Homceopathic Col- sity of Pennsylvania, an eminent scholar and
lege in i865-'66, and then entered the office divine.
of Professor N. F. Cooke, M. D., of Chicago,   Dr. McClelland attended the public schools
and took his degree in medicine and surgery  until sufficiently advanced to enter the Westat the Hahnemann Medical College in Chi- ern University of Pennsylvania, where he procago, in the spring of I867. He was married  secuted his studies in the higher branches
to Miss Rachel Danforth, daughter of E. H. until I862, when he entered the office of Dr.
Danforth, M. D., of Jamestown, N. Y., and  J. P. Dake, as a student of medicine.  In
commenced the practice of medicine in Chi-  I864, he matriculated in the Homceopathic
cago. Besides his arduous duties as a physi- Medical College of Pennsylvania, attending
cian, he has performed those of Corresponding  a full course of lectures, and, in I865, became
Secretary of the Illinois State Homceopathic  a student of Dr. J. C. Burgher, under whose
Medical Society during three years; and filled  tuition he continued his studies for two years
the office of Secretary of the Cook County  -Dr. Dake, his former preceptor, having reMedical Society for two years.  He became  moved from  the city-when he attended a
a member of the American Institute of Ho- second course of lectures in, and graduated
mceopathy in i868; and is an Assistant Edi- from  the same college in I867.  Collmistor of The Aledic;l investfiatolr, of Chicago. sioned and well prepared for active duty, he
In the spring of 1869, he was elected to the  returned to his native city, and entered at
chair of General and Descriptive Anatomy in  once upon his professional labors as the assohis Al4ma Al /Zer, which position he fills with  ciate of his recent preceptor, Dr. Burgher,
universal acceptance and conceded ability. with whom he practised three years. He then
For the past six years, he has held the office opened an office of his own, where he conof Physician and Surgeon of the Chicago Or- tinues to dispense the blessings of homceopaphan Asyluni, and still occupies the position. thy to a largely increasing number of patrons.
He was one of the sufferers by the great fire  He is a good diagnostician, and well-posted
of Chicago in October, I871. He was burned  in Materia Medica.  He has given much atout of house and office, and lost all the accu- tention to surgery, and keeps himself up to
mulations of five years' labor. His indomita- the times in all the improvements in that deble energy has recovered a practice as large  partment.  He is a good operator. Among
as his health will permit him to accept.  He  many other difficult and delicate operations,
is an elder in the Fullerton Avenue Presby- which he has successfully performed, are the
terian Church, and one of the Board of Trus- amputation of the hip-joint, lithotomy, tretees of the Northwestern Theological Semi- phining, ex-section of knee-joint, excision
nary of the Presbyterian Church.           of tumors, etc. He is a corporator of the
3



34                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CVCLOPzEDIA  OF
Homceopathic Medical and Surgical Hospital tice of allopathy in Williamsburgh, L. I., the
and Dispensary of Pittsburgh, Pa., a member same year, and soon became the principal in
of its Executive Committee, and of its surgi- a somewhat protracted medical controversy
cal staff, Secretary of its Medical Board, and  with Dr. Cox, a celebrated homceopathic phyone of its Dispensary Physicians.  He is also  sician of that place. This controversy elicited
Secretary of the Board of Trustees of the  a severe cross-fire from Drs. Hanford and
Hospital, and has prepared all the published  Culbert, two of his classmates in the univerreports of the Medical Board.  He is a mem- sity, who had become converts to homceopaber of the Homceopathic Medical Society of thy, and were resident in Williamsburgh.  In
Alleghany County, to which he has contri-  I849, he went to California, and engaged in
buted well-written and valuable papers.  He  practice in San Francisco, where, in a few
has served four years as Secretary of the So- months, he amassed considerable money. He
ciety, and has prepared the condensed reports received the appointment of Deputy Health
of its proceedings, which have appeared in  Officer of the State of California, in I851,
the Hzahnerzann Mfolnt//zy.  He is also a and was placed in charge of the Marine Hosvaluable contributor to this able journal.  He  pital in San Francisco.  He remained in this
is a member of the Homceopathic Medical office on a salary of nine hundred dollars per
Society of Pennsylvania, and was at one time  month with perquisites, until the institution
Vice-President of its Surgical Bureau, to which  was dissolved, and finally abandoned by the
he has contributed a number of valuable pa- State.  He then went to the Isthmus of Papers. He is a member of the American In- nama, where he received the appointment
stitute of Homoeopathy, and of its Bureau of  (for a time) of Physician to the Panama RailSurgery.                                   road Hospital.  He spent three years of successful practice in this place, and accumulated
considerable property; but was compelled to
RANKLIN, EDWARD C., M. D., leave in consequence of failing health, induced
of St. Louis, Mo., was born in  by successive attacks of Panama Fever. This
Flushing, L. I., March I 2th, I822. fever stubbornly resisted the treatment of alloHis father, Joseph L. Franklin, pathy, but yielded promptly to the homoeopawas a native of New York, tracing his lineal thic treatment.  It was this experience that
descent through the family of Benjamin Frank- first enlighted him as to the real value of the
lin.  His mother, whose maiden name was system, and led him early to its adoption. He
Fitch, is the granddaughter of Elizabeth Fitch, first commenced its practice in Dubuque,
who, under the crown of England, held the  Iowa, and, after three years of residence there,
appointment of Receiver-General of the Is- settled in St. Louis, Mo. In I86o, he was
land of Jamaica.  He was educated prima- appointed Demonstrator of Anatomy in the
rily at a district school in the township of  Homceopathic Medical College of Missouri,
Flushing, where he acquired the rudiments and also supplied a vacancy occurring in the
of an English education; was fitted for col- department of Obstetrics. These positions he
lege at the school of Rev. Eli Wheeler, Little  filled with honor to himself until his appointNeck, L. I.; and entered Washington Col- ment to the chair of Surgery in the same inlege, Hartford, Conn., in 1837. In the third  stitution. In this year he engaged in an able
year of his college course, a severe attack of discussion in the St. Louis papers with Proillness compelled him to desist from study, fessor M. L. Linton, of the St. Louis Medical
and laid him aside for a year and a half. InI  College-an allopathic institution.  The disI842, he entered the medical department of cussion, entitled " Medical Science and Comthe University of New York as a private pu- mon Sense," continued two months, creating
pil of the illustrious Dr. Valentine Mott, and  a deep interest in the adherents of the opposgraduated in I846. He commenced the prac- ing schools, and yielding a large amount of



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               35
valuable instruction  to the unprofessional this work, comprising I700 pages of solid
reader.  In I86I, he was appointed Surgeon  matter, is now passing through the press.  In
to the 5th Regiment of Missouri Volunteers, I87 I, he was appointed Surgeon of The Good
called out by the proclamation of the Presi- Samaritan Hospital, and in the reorganization
dent. Before the close of this service, he was of the Homceopathic Medical College of
appointed by General Nathaniel Lyon, cor- Missouri, in I872, was appointed to the chair
manding Surgeon in Chief of the first regu- of Surgery, which positions he now fills with
larly organized military hospital west of the  great ability, and with honor to himself.
Mississippi River.  After the battle of " Wil-    Dr. Franklin is a man beyond the average
son's Creek," which resulted in the death  of intellectual power, and of skill in his deof General Lyon, he was placed in charge of partment. Thoughtful, but quick in discernall the sick and wounded of that campaign. ment, and prompt in action, he has been parIt was here he performed the last sad offices ticularly successful in his practice.  He has
to the remains of his lamented chief, deposit- performed the remarkable achievement of
ing them in a rude tomb on the farm of the thirteen amputations in one morning before
Hon. J. S. Phelps, preparatory to their removal breakfast. This is surpassed only by a simito his native State.  In the fall of this year, lar feat of the celebrated Baron Larrey, who is
he passed his examination before the Army  said to have performed eighteen amputations
Medical Board, and, receiving the appoint- on a like occasion.
ment of Brigade Surgeon of Volunteers, was
assigned to the Department of the West, where
he organized the United States General Hospital, at Mound City, Ills., the records of which'HEFFIELD, HENRY, M. D., of
showed a less percentage of deaths than any           Nashville, Tenn., was born in
other general or field hospital during the Re-        Stonington, Conn., on  January
bellion. After fifteen months of service here,        22nd, 1828. He is of English
he was ordered to the command of Major descent.  His father and grandfather were
General F. P. Blair, where lie served as opera- ship-builders on Long Island Sound. It was
tive and consulting surgeon in field and hos- the wish of his father that he should succeed
pital in the memorable campaigns of " Chicka- to his business, and, at the age of twenty, he
saw Bayou," "Arkansas Post," and the series commenced to study the theory and practice
of battles around Vicksburgh, which culmi- of ship-building.  While thus employed, his
nated in the overthrow of that strong hold. health became so much impaired, that he was
In I862, he was appointed Professor of Sur- compelled to abandon the business, and to
gery in the Hahnemann Medical College of seek some more suitable and less laborious
Chicago, Ills.; and, in  f867, was honored  line of employment.  In September, 1848, he
with a call from over thirty of the most pro- went to Auburn, N. Y., to consult Dr. Horatio
minent homceopathic physicians of the city  Robinson, the oldest homceopathic physician
of New York, to reside in that city, and prac- in central New  York, and a life-long and
tise surgery. Both these calls he was con- faithful friend of his father. Under his adstrained to decline, because of circumstances mirable and skilful treatment, he soon reover which he had no control.  Both appoint- covered his health, and then entered upon the
ments-especially the latter-were highly  study of medicine with Dr. Robinson. It was
comnplimentary, as they were honorable to the  his privilege to attend the first course of lecgentlemen who made them. During this year, tures delivered at the Homceopathic College
he published a treatise, entitled, " The Science  in Cleveland, Ohio. He attended a second
and Art of Surgery," which has been accepted  course at the same institution, and received
as a text book by all the homceopathic colleges the degree of M. D. in February, 1852.  On
in the United States. The second volume of his graduation, he went to Youngstown, Ohio,



36                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPtEDIA  OF
where he remained nearly a year, and then  and its adherents, a stab. In some instances,
removed to Batavia, Genesee county, N. Y. they carried their opposition to the extent of
From there he went back to Cleveland to at- social ostracism.  The prejudice engendered
tend a third course of lectures.  Here, under against homceopathy was great; but not greater
the able tuition of Professor Pulte, he made a than the ignorance on the subject prevalent.
specialty of the studies of diseases of women  Men formed their opinions not after fair and
and children.  Finding but little room for his truth-seeking investigation, but upon the dicta
profession in Sacramento, Cal., whither he  of those who were more or less interested in
went in 1854, he returned to the east, and  preventing inquiry, and keeping the people in
settled in Nashville, Tenn., in the next year. ignorance.  In a word, Nashville was as comIn Nashville, he found but three or four ho- pletely under the domination of allopaths as
mceopathic families, and had to endure the_ Mexico under the priesthood.  It was no
ridicule and bitter opposition of the medical pleasant or easy task, therefore, that Dr. Shefcollege in that city. His firm course, and  field had before him.  He determined, howwhat is more, his success in his profession, ever, to meet and surmount, if possible, all
won many families to his side, among whom  the obstacles which stood as barriers to suche is held in high esteem.                 cess. He had full faith in his cause, and
Dr. Sheffield has held the important post never wavered in his conviction that a favoraof Commander in the Nashville Commandery bhle impression could be made, the Chinese
of the Knights Templars for two years suc- wall of prejudice broken, and homceopathy
cessively.  During the war he had charge of firmly planted and extended.  He had paone of three wards of the Military Railroad  tience, fortitude, courage, confidence.  All
Hospital, where his success was very marked. of these virtues were taxed in his experience,
He was President of the Davidson County  but not in vain. His success as a practitioner
Homceopathic Society during its somewhat of rare judgment and consummate skill, his
brief history, and acquitted himself faithfully  close attention to his patients, and his sterling
of the duties of his position.             worth, as a gentleman of the strictest integrity,
We take pleasure in closing the sketch of soon resulted in a gradual extension of his
Dr. Sheffield with the publication of an ap- practice upon sure and solid foundations. In
propriate article by Wt. H. Smith, Esq., one  a few years he had so won the esteem and
of the first citizens of Nashville.        confidence of the citizens of Nashville, that all
"'When Dr. Sheffield located at Nashville, doubts of success were removed. A little
the prospect was not very encouraging-the  later his practice became lucrative, and is still
field was rather barren in appearance.  True, growing.
there was a number of families that had be-    "To Dr. Sheffield, principally, is Nashville
come converts to the new practice, and they  indebted for the advantages her citizens are
were firm and steadfast in the faith; but it reaping from  homcecopathy. I-e had been
seemed impossible to extend the circle. The  preceded by other physicians of his school;
opponents of homceopathy had stoutly resisted  but they failed to enlist popular favor.  His
its introduction, and were exceedingly active  high character, perseverance, foresight, and
and industrious in their efforts to prejudice  skill overcame obstacles which they found inthe popular mind.  They had brought to bear surmountable; and now, thousands are treated
against it all the resources of argument, wit, according to the homceopathic system, where
satire, ridicule and misrepresentation; and  the practice was limited to a few hundreds.
many, who were disposed to embrace it, were    " The career of Dr. Sheffield has been emithus deterred from doing so. The allopathic  nently successful. He has attained the highest
practitioners-father-confessors of the great rank as a physician.  No professional man in
bulk of invalids-never permitted an oppor- the city has warmer and more devoted friends,
tunity to pass without giving homceopathy, or possesses, in a greater degree, the respect






S-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - |
|- )P S
r~~~~~~~
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HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               37
and esteem of all classes of citizens. This is  The Ohio Farmer, as editor and proprietor,
due to his substantial merits; and not to any  at Chagrin Falls, a thriving village, twenty
pandering to popular tastes, partialities or pre- miles east of Cleveland.  While thus emjudices.  He is firm and inflexible in his pur- ployed, his attention was directed to homoeposes, unswervingly faithful to his friends, and  opathy, to which he gave a close and searchincorruptible.                             ing examination, and, in a few months, became
"Thebarren field, which Dr. Sheffield found  a convert to its principles and practice. In
at Nashville, is, as we have shown, no longer the summer of 1844, he removed to Cleve.
barren.  It has been well cultivated, and is land, Ohio, and became interested in the pubyielding golden fruit.  His friends pray that lication of several scientific and elementary
he may long live to enjoy the rewards of his works on natural history, geology, etc., in
labors, and the gratitude of his fellow-men, association with Professor Hamilton L. Smith,
whose maladies he has healed or alleviated."  now of Geneva, N. Y.; Professor Samuel St.
John, now of New York city; and Professor
Jared P. Kirtland, now of Cleveland.  To
RAINERD, JEHU, A. M., M. D.,  this last named gentleman, Professor Brainerd
of Washington, D. C., was born  acknowledges his great indebtedness for much
in Johnson, Trumbull county, O., valuable aid renderedto him in youth, in the
July 8th, I807, and may now with  pursuit of his studies.
justice be termed one of the prominent self-   In 1847, he was connected with the public
nlu.de men of the time.  His parents emi- schools of Cleveland, as Teacher of Natural
grated from Connecticut about the commence-  History and Drawing, which  positions he
ment of this century.  His father was a far- honorably filled for ten years, and, during this
mer-one of the pioneers of what was then  time, he prepared and published an elemenan almost unbroken wilderness.  Born amid  tary work on the art of drawing, which was
the hardships of a frontier life, with few of  adopted as a standard text book.
the comforts and none of the advantages of    In the autumn of I849, the Western Cololder settlements, and, being obliged to aid  lege of Homceopathy was organized in Clevehis father upon the farm, his opportunities for land. Professor Brainerd was one of its coreducation were exceedingly limited, consist- porators, and on its full organization was
ing chiefly of a few terms of three months elected a member of its Faculty. He has
each, in a common country district school.    successively and ably filled the chairs of BoWhen seven years of age, his family re- tany, Medical Jurisprudence, and Toxicology;
moved to the township of Boardman in the  Elementary Chemistry, Organic Chemistry,
same county, and remained there until Jehu's  Microscopic Anatomy, and Histology.  The
maturity. In July, I825, before he had reached  continuance.of his relation with the celebrated
his eighteenth year, the death of his father institution is not less honorable to this college
left him in charge of a widowed mother, and  than it is creditable to himself.
a large family of dependent children.  He    In I858,'59,'60, he was Professor of Agrigladly accepted these sacred trusts, and nobly  cultural Chemistry in the Agricultural College
cared for them until time and circumstances  of Ohio, and for the two last named years
rendered his further protection unnecessary. was Professor of chemistry in the HomoeopaDuring the winter of 1825-'26, he taught in  thic College of Missouri.  In all these imthe district school.  In I828, he married a portant positions, he acquitted himself of his
daughter of Elder William West, of Youngs- duties with the highest honor to himself and
town, Ohio.  From that date until 1842, his his collegts.
life was devoted to business, and to the study    From I867 to I870, he occupied the chair
of science and medicine.                   of Chemistry in the Woman's Homreopathic
In 1842, he commenced the publication of  College of Cleveland.



38                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
In I86I, he removed to Washington city, the profession of medicine.  His predilections
and opened an office for the practice of medi- for this profession grew as he approached macine. On several emergencies, when  the  turity, on his arrival at which he abandoned
Government called for volunteer surgeons, Dr. his desk, and commenced a course of medical
Brainerd offered his services, which were ac- studies. Entering the medical department of
cepted. After the close of the war, discover- the University of New York, he graduated
ing that certain laws passed by Congress, in  there in 1846. On his graduation, he com1838, worked oppressively against all who  menced a course of studies in homceopathy
practised homceopathy in the District, he pe- under Professors J. F. Gray and Gerold Hall,
titioned Congress for their repeal, and, being  of New York, and, in I847, located in Boston,
joined subsequently by other physicians, he  Mass. Here he received a diploma from the
not only succeeded in attaining the desired  Massachusetts Medical Society, and remained
end, but procured a charter for the Homce- in active practice in the city for three years.
opathic Medical Association of Washington  In I849, he was instrumental in demonstrating
City, thus giving to his profession a status very clearly, and to the satisfaction of hunnever previously possessed. In I872-'73, lie  dreds, the superiority of homoeopathy, in the
was the President of this body.            great success which attended his treatment of
His publications are various. Of these, the cholera.  This terrible epidemic, which
we will mention, " The Influence of Narcotic  ravaged the city of Boston in that year, was
Stimulants upon the Human System; "The  held in check by the homceopathic treatment,
Chemical Constitution of the Stratified Rocks; "  and Dr. Martin gained, by his disinterested"On the Laws of Health and Physical De- ness, bravery, and noble conduct among all
velopment;"  "The Application of Steam  classes, the merited love, and lasting gratitude
Power in the Cultivation of the Soil;' "The  of hundreds of those who where saved from
Philosophy of the Homceopathic System  of  death through his zealous care. A profesMedical Practice."                         sional reputation was then acquired cornmnenWithout the acknowledged advantages of surate with the great good he was enabled to
an academic or collegiate course of study, accomplish.
Professor Brainerd has been honored with di-   In 1847, he was married to Mrs. Lorana
plomas from several institutions of high cha- D. Metcalf, of Georgia.  In 1851, his wife's
racter, in tribute to his great worth and learning. health demanding a change to a milder and
more genial climate, he removed to the city
of Baltimore, where he has since been engaged in the active duties of his profession.
ARTIN, JOSEPH LLOYD, M.D.,    He has had several positions of honor and
of Baltimore, Md., was born in  distinction in his profession proffered to him,
Monmouth county, N. J., May 1st, but has declined them, preferring to confine his
1820. His parents were members energies to practice.  His mind is of the inof the Society of Friends.  His father was ventive order, and giving scope to it in moan eminent allopathic physician, who practised  ments seized from  active practice, he has
for many years in that section of the country. made several valuable scientific inventions,
Soon after his father's death, he was placed  for which he has obtained Letters Patent.
under the guardianship of his uncle in New  The last of which was for Ozonized Oxygen
York city. There, he received a good practi- Gas and its compounds for inhalation in the
cal education, and commenced his business treatment of disease as a hy,,ien'ic agent, and
career as clerk in his uncle's dry goods estab- compressing the same in water for internal or
lishment. The business proved exceedingly  medicinal use, being the first who has ever
distateful to him, and he determined to gratify  opened so widely the field of usefulness of
the ambition of his boyhood by preparing for these gases in medicine. As a physician, he



=orE
Gal ax- LL CD. Philada.
-~~~~~~~~~~
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~






HOMICEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              39
admits of no truer law in medicine than the  April, having a contract with the Governhomceopathic, yet he believes that every true  ment to establish a mail route from  Chiphysician should direct his efforts to promptly  cago to Green Bay, he hired a guide, and,
relieving human suffering and saying life ir- traversing in safety a country occupied by Inrespective, if needs be, of dogmas.        dians, he succeeded in fulfilling his engagements.  Ill 1834, under contract with the
mail department, he established a line of
four-horse coaches from Chicago to Peoria,
EMPLE, JOHN TAYLOR, M.D., carrying a daily mail. In 1842, he removed
of St. Louis, Mo.,was born on May  to Galena, and, after a brief sojourn there, to
5th, I803, in King William coun-  St. Louis.  Here he found no homceopathic
ty, Va.  His father's name was physician, and but one family using this sysJohn, and his grandfather was Colonel Sa- tem.  He met with opposition of course from
muel Taylor, of revolutionary  fame. His the allopaths, but after a hard struggle, sucmother was a daughter of Richard Squire  ceeded in establishing homeopathy in the
Taylor, Esq.  Educated at first at various  confidence of the people.  His attention had
boarding-schools, he entered college, on leav- first been drawn to this system in 1842, when,
ing which he commenced the study of medi- examining it carefully in order to expose it,
cine (allopathic), which he pursued for three  he was convinced, as so many others have
years, when he went to Philadelphia, and be- been, of its worth, embraced its doctrines, and
came a student in the office of Dr. George  has practised it ever since, according to the
McClellan.  He remained there three years, strict Hahnemann teaching.
attending lectures in the University of Penn-    For four years, Dr. Temple was alone in
sylvania up to the date of the duel between  his contest for homceopathy; one of his most
Dr. Granville Sharp Patterson and General successful movements being a journal, which
Cadwallader.  Soon after this, Dr. Patterson  he published and circulated gratuitously for
accepted the chair of Anatomy in the Univer- two years, as the Sozidt - WFest Honwtojal aic
sity of Maryland, and by Dr. McClellan's ad-  7oztrnal. In I849, the year of the cholera,
vice, he followed him, took one course, and  which lasted over eight months, sweeping
graduated in I824. In that year, he received  away from two hundred to two hundred and
the honorable degree of A. M., from Union  fifty daily for weeks, his partner and himself
College, at Schenectady, N. Y.  Marrying  had I56o cases, and lost only 3' per cent.,
soon after his graduation, he returned to his while the allopathic physicians pronounced
farm in Hanover county, Va., seventeen miles the disease an outlaw, and incurable.
from  Richmond.  In that year, he received    In I857, he procured from the legislature a
the appointment of physician to the County  charter for the Homceopathic Medical College
Alms House, where he had some very impor- of Missouri, and held the position of Dean
tant and interesting operations and  cases. until the college, being merged into the St.
After two years of residence on his farm, lie  Louis College of Medicine and Surgery, beyielded to the solicitations of his late precep- came the St. Louis College of Physicians and
tor, Dr. McClellan, and moved to Philadel-  Surgeons.  He was a member of the Western
phia, where he remained until I829.  Then  Institute of Homceopathy, and served as Preremoving to Washington city, where he lived  sident one year. He is a member of the
four years, he went to the West in March, American Institute of Homceopathy; and has
I833, and settled at what is now Chicago. been for four years Dean of the St. Louis
Old Fort Dearborn, an Indian trading house, College of Physicians and Surgeons. The
a sutler's store, and one other store, consti- writings of Dr. Temple have been widely
tuted Chicago at that date.  Outside the Fort, diffused through  the various homemopathic
the population numbered one,hunal-ed.  In  journals.  His practice has been large and



40                     BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP_/EDIA  OF
lucrative; his experience extensive and varied; Homceopathy at its first session in Philadeland his influence in the profession is univer- phia, then the youngest member of that body;
sally conceded.                            filled several offices in the County Medical
Society from time to time; was chosen Professor of Physiology in the Homceopathic ColARD, WALTER, M. D., of Mount lege of Pennsylvania, and had the honor, with
Holly, N. J., was born at Keene, others, of signing the first diplomas granted
the county seat of Cheshire coun- by that body. He removed, in 1849, to Mount
ty, N. H., January  7th, I8I6. Holly, the county seat of Burlington county,
His father was an agriculturist.  His grand- N. J.  In I855, he received the honorary desires fought in the Revolutionary War, and  gree from the Homoeopathic Medical College
held responsible positions in the battle of of Pennsylvania.  Here he has labored faithBunker Hill.  His preparatory studies were  fully and energetically for twenty-two years.
pursued at the venerable and celebrated aca- He came to Mount Holly as one of the
demy at Ipswich, N. H., and on their com- pioneers of homoeopathy, at a time when a
pletion, he began the study of medicine with  fine of fifty dollars was imposed upon any one
Dr. William Gallup, a distinguished physician  who practised medicine without a license
and surgeon of that place. He next spent a from the Old School Society. By his influyear in the office of Drs. Smith and Batchel- ence in well-timed efforts, he has been largely
ler, men of note in the profession in Massa- instrumental in securing from the legislature
chusetts; and attended his first course of an independent charter for the practice of
medical lectures at Woodstock, Vt. The next homceopathy throughout the State-a charter
year, he sought in the schools of Philadelphia  placed upon the broadest foundations.  By
the superior facilities offered there to the stu- patience and persistence he has secured the
dents of medical science, for a thorough edu- confidence and esteem  of the most wealthy
cation.  He selected Jefferson Medical Col- and influential portion of the community in
lege, and, entering the class of I839-'40, which he resides, and enjoys the well-earned
graduated at the close of the session.  Having  reputation of being an upright, energetic, and
heard much of the new and strange system  skilful physician.  But little past middle life,
called Homceopathia, and, having witnessed  he is now in the full tide of practice; and besome most remarkable cures, he resolved to  ing of strictly temperate habits, he has not
investigate the system for himself, and if the  lost more than two weeks by sickness in the
results proved satisfactory, he would promptly  last twenty years. He has served as Presiadopt it as his future system of practice; or dent of the West Jersey Medical Society, and
if unsatisfactory would reject it, and adhere  at the last annual meeting of the State Hoto the allopathic system. To secure the best moeopathic Medical Society, he was unaniand most favorable examination, he placed  mously elected its President, which office he
himself under the guidance of Dr. Jacob  at present fills.
Jeanes, one of the first in Philadelphia to acknowledge and adopt the new system, a man
whom Dr. Ward pronounced " of strong mind,          BER, LEVI E., M.D., of La
great moral courage, a ripe scholar, and a            Crosse, Wis., was born at Rockmost judicious and slkilful physician; a cha-         ingham, Windham  county, Vt.,
racter which he has most ably sustained over          July 3Ist, 1819.  His father was
half a century."  Under his tuition, he was a farmer, and, with a view to bettering his
led to embrace homceopathy as his future sys- circumstances, removed to the northern part
tem of practice, and his confidence in it has of Ohio, when the subject of our sketch was
strengthened year after year to the present but twelve years of age. It does not appear,
time.  He joined the American Institute of however, that a change of residence affected



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               41
favorably the pecuniary  condition  of the  any homceopathic physician, his nearest neighfamily, for the boy, who has since grown to  bor in the profession being Dr. Smith, of Chisuch eminence in his profession, was com- cago. In his new home, his services were in
pelled to assist in the labors of the farm, being  frequent demand, appreciated and rewarded,
able to attend school during only the short and he was compelled to visit patients at
season of winter.  But he was made of such  places as distant as Rock Island and Davendetermined stuff that obstacles, slight or great, port. While his brother-physicians of the
did not prevent him rising to Ihonor and for- Old School remained violently opposed to
tune.  Hard labor in the field and in the  him professionally, he commanded their percloset broke down his health, and in his seven- sonal respect and friendship by his inherent
teenth year, he abandoned his agricultural worth and culture. While maintaining his
labors, taking up instead the trade of a car- residence at Moline, Dr. Ober visited Philapenter, for which his mechanical ingenuity  delphia, where he attended a course of lectures
admirably fitted him. At first, his reward  at the Jefferson College on surgery, and a
was insignificant, but his intelligence  and  general course at the Homceopathic College.
energy, which have since given him rank in    His position as a learned, useful physician
his profession, made his services valuable to  has been for a long time fully established, and
his employer, until finally his work was so  is held in high repute by his professional assowell appreciated that he was induced to take  ciates. He is a member of the Illinois State
contracts as a master-builder.  Whether as Homceopathic Association, also of the Westfarmer or carpenter, he still maintained his ern Institute of the Homceopathic Medical
studies by night, but it was not until he at- Society, Wisconsin State Honceopathic Sotained his majority that he was enabled to  ciety; also of the American Institute of Hocarry out the desire that he had long enter- mceopathy, and in the first three has held the
tained to become a classical scholar. He had  office of President. A few years ago, Dr.
not, however, finished his preparatory studies Ober removed to La Crosse, Wis., where he
before his health again yielded to overwork, now enjoys alucrative practice.  He has been
and once more he returned to his plane and  associated with several movements of reform;
rule.                                      among others that of temperance and antiDr. Ober, at the age of twenty-four years, slavery.
married, and, two years later, began the study: —
of medicine under the instructions of Professor
Storm Rosa, of Painesville, Ohio.  He ma-           AER, OLIVER PERRY, of Richtriculated at the medical department of the           mond, Ind., was born in Frederick
Western Reserve College, Cleveland, Ohio,             City, Md., August 25tb, I8I6.
and he caused his investigation to be carried         He comes of good old revolutioninto both the Old and New Schools of medi- ary stock, his paternal and maternal grandcine, until the year I849, when his preceptor, sires having fought under Washington during
Professor Rosa, was elected to a professorship  the entire war for national independence.
of homceopathy in the Eclectic Medical Col- His ancestors on his father's side were of
lege of Linn, Ohio, who invited his pupil to  English birth, and his mother's father, Jacob
accept a course of lectures at the institution. Fauble, came from Hesse Darmstadt during
The invitation was gladly accepted, and, at the revolutionary struggle, but took sides with
the close of the session, Dr. Ober was gra- the patriots.  The subject of this sketch reduated as a homceopathist.                 ceived his earlier education at a Jesuit School
In selecting a suitable location for begin- in Frederick City; after removing to Ohio, he
ning the practice of medicine, he chose Mo- attended the Dayton Academy, and later the
line, in Illinois, where he enjoyed the advan- Springfield High School, and the Oxford,
tage of being one hundred miles distant from  Ohio, University.  Having decided upon the



42                     BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
profession of medicine, he commenced his compromising advocate of temperance ever
studies under the allopathic school in Dayton, since. He also became an earnest opponent
Ohio, relinquishing the idea of entering the  of human slavery, and identified himself with
Catholic priesthood, for which he was pre- the avowed abolition party, then but a small
viously intended.  Having accomplished a band, as early as I840.  His religious views
due course of reading and office instruction, had also undergone a change in the meanhe completed his medical studies in Louisville, time; he had become interested in the works
Ky., and practised under the allopathic system  of Emanuel Swedenborg, and further investifor nearly ten years. During this time, how- gation and reflection leading him to adopt the
ever, he became dissatisfied with its theories views advocated by that celebrated leader, he
and results, and this dissatisfaction finally led  connected  himself, in I837, with the sect
him to examine the merits of homceopathy. known as the Swedenborgians, with which he
The result of this investigation was such as has since remained prominently identified.
to compel him to renounce allopathy, and  Dr. Baer is a warm advocate of all the great
adopt the homceopathic system, of which he  moral and social reforms of the day.  He
became an enthusiastic adherent and able ex- condemns the use of tobacco as a serious
ponent, and under which he has continued in  evil, both from a physical and a moral point
active practice ever since. Dr. Baer is a man  of view, and as closely allied to the pernicious
of enlarged views and extensive reading. In  class of stimulants, of which the chief, alcothe midst of the duties of a laborious profes- hol, stands to-day the source of untold woe in
sion, as well as in his earlier career when strug- our land, and the great impediment to a prosgling unaided to obtain an education,'he yet perity such as even in this progressive nation
contrived to devote some hours to the study  has hardly been dreamed of. In I840, he
of kindred sciences and to general reading, lectured in different parts of the West on such
an additional labor, which brought a rich re- subjects as geology, phrenology, and the boturn in the acquisition of varied and valuable  tary of the prairies, his tour being a very
knowledge.  His earlier education under the  successful one, and giving him quite an exJesuits, which was continued until he was tensive and enviable reputation as a scientist
eighteen years of age, gave him the frame- and as a lecturer.  He has the faculty which
work of a knowledge upon scientific subjects many public speakers on kindred topics lack,
and languages, which he afterwards enlarged  of popularizing his subject, and he gained in
entirely by his own efforts.               consequence the attention and appreciation
He taught night schools, lectured on various of his audience.  Dr. Baer settled inf Richsubjects, such as botany, geology, chemistry, mond, Ind., in I849-at that time he was the
mathematics, as applied to surveying, engineer- only homceopathist in the State, and had many
ing, and other matters of practical importance, hard-fought battles on all sides, with laymen as
and also gave instruction in languages after well as physicians.  Here he enjoys a large
school hours, and thus putting to advantage  and lucrative practice, and the esteem of his
what he had already gained, obtained means townsmen as a valuable and public spirited
to still pursue his way in the path of know- citizen.  He has received, in addition to his
ledge.                                     scientific and classical diploma, the degree of
Dr. Baer is a man of strong convictions, but Doctor of Medicine from one allopathic and
of earnest mind and liberal views, and his two homceopathic colleges.  He still devotes
inclinations have always led him to investi- a considerable portion of his leisure to his
gate what appeared to possess merit, and to  favorite studies, has a large private cabinet
be convinced when truth was plainly exhi- containing  collections  illustrating  botany,
bited. He early took issue against two great conchology, geology, and other sciences, and
evils of the time.  He joined the Washing- possesses one of the largest scientific libraries
tonian Society in 1835, and has been an un- in the West. He is a member of the Ameri



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                 43
can Institute of Homceopathy, President of  degree of M. D., in I841.  During his stay
the Indiana State Institute of Homceopathy, at college, he had been a hard student, eager
and an honorary member of the Homceopa- to perfect himself in all subjects that would
thic Institute of Minnesota.  He is also me- throw light upon the difficult, and as it seemed
dical examiner for three life insurance com- to him, imperfect science of medicine.  With
panies.  He has repeatedly received flattering  this idea his zeal for investigation was too
honors in the offer of professorships in literary  ardent to allow him to remain content with
and medical colleges, but has uniformly de- the barren routine pursued according to the
clined, preferring a private life, and the satis- old traditions of the schools, by the majority
faction derived from his useful and successful of students.  His ambition led him to exprofessional career.  Dr. Baer has been a  amine not only the cognate sciences in their
member of the Order of Odd Fellows since  slightest bearing upon the study of medicine,
I 842, and is a Mason of the forty-first degree. but the history of the profession itself, its
lie was married, in I84I, *to Miss Calista  earliest records from its emergence from the
Mathewson, of Providence, R. I., who died  clouds of superstition that enshrouded it in rein I846.  He was married the second time, mote ages, through its gradual formation into
in 1848, to Miss Emma Jane Crocker, a lady  the semblance of a science, to its present conof culture and literary tastes; by whom he  dition and merits.  In this investigation the
has one child, a daughter of great musical different systems and schools of medicine,
talent and culture.                          past and present, and their merits and weakDr. Baer's record is honorable to himself  nesses, claimed his earnest attention.  Natuand to his profession, as well as instructive  rally he was led to the examination of the
and encouraging to the younger members, comparatively new  system  of homceopathy,
who, entering upon medical practice, often  which, rising from  obscurity like a new star,
amidst serious discouragements, may observe  was travelling with increasing brilliancy toin his career the reward which is always at- wards the zenith.  The effect of his studies
tainable, under our institutions, by indomitable  in this direction may be seen from his subseenergy and conscientious labor.              quent course, for though remaining to finish
his course and receive his diploma at Geneva
College, he had obtained ideas which rendered it impossible for him to practise under
TEVENS, CHARLES  AUGUS- the doctrines of the allopathic school, and in
TUS, M. D., of Scranton, Pa., March, following his graduation, he went to
was born in Harpersfield, Dela-  Seneca Falls, N. Y., where, in company with
ware county, N. Y.  Completing  Edward Bayard, then a lawyer, now a suchis education at Homer Academy, he deter- cessful homceopathic physician of New York
mined upon the study of medicine, and for city, he pursued still further his investigations
this purpose, in I839, entered the office of  of homceopathy.  At that time such a course
Dr. John Stevens, a prominent practitioner of required  considerable nerve and firmness.
Ithaca, N. Y., as a private student.  Here he  Homceopathy was a new idea in that part of
industriously followed out the course of read- the country, there being no practitioners of the
ing prescribed for him  by Dr. Stevens, who  system west of Utica, and its adherents had to
also gave him the benefit of an observance of  contend against the obloquy, ridicule and perdisease at the bedside of his patients.  Under secutions of the old school fraternity, as well
the recommendation of his preceptor he ma- as the prejudice of the laity.  A very interesttriculated at Geneva Medical College, then a ing point arose in regard to Dr. Stevens, in
flourishing and progressive institution, and  this connection, which was really a test case,
after having completed the curriculum  of  and the result served as a precedent in many
study in that institution, he graduated with the  similar disputes, which subsequently arose.



44                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPIEDIA OF
Bayard was prescribing at that time in the  and unbiased hearing.  This he consented to
practice of C. D. Williams, a licentiate of the  do; but in the investigation upon which he
Seneca County Medical Society. The " fa- entered, he became so fully satisfied of the
culty " resolved to put an end to this, as they  superiority of homceopathy to all other systems,
deemed it, irregular proceeding, and cited  that, before the time had arrived for making
Dr. Williams before them to answer the charge his report, he had become one of its staunchest
of " quackery," and though they did not then  supporters.  It may be added that the contry his case, they suspended him, which action, sideration of the report was indefinitely postunder the statutes of the State at that time, poned by the society. In 1842, Dr. Stevens
prevented him from further practice, under a went to Palmyra, N. Y., where he remained
penalty of twenty-five dollars for every pre- but two years, after which he removed to
scription issued. It was also the desire of the  Buffalo, being the first homceopathic physician
society to reach Dr. Stevens, but his diploma  in that city.  In I850, he went to New Orbeing from  the regents of the university, it leans, chiefly for pleasure and travel, and, on
was impossible to dispose of him in a like  his return, spent one year in Cortland, N. Y.,
manner.  They succeeded, however, in in- after'which he removed to Coxsackie.  He
ducing the faculty of the college to call a had notyet found a congenial locality, howmeeting of the Board to "deal" with him, ever, and, in 1855, he settled in Hudson,
and Dr. Stevens received a notification from  N. r., where he was quite successful, but, in
them, requiring him  to renounce the new  1862, he received inducements to take up his
heresy under pain of having his diploma de- residence'in Scranton, Pa., in which city he
dared void.  This was a summary proceeding  has since remained.  He is in the enjoyment
evoked in the heat of the time, and' lacked  of a large practice, and ranks among the most
substantial backing in the way of legal confir- eminent practitioners of that section.
mation. Inquiry disclosed thbe fact that; sucli
a course would result in'the forfei'ture of their
charter, and they desisted firom any' further
legal measures, leaving Drs. Stevens'and Ba-'  AMES, BUSHROD  W., A. M.,
yard unmolested beyond the private persecu-           M. D., of Philadelphia, Pa., the
tion of which all hommceopathic practitioners         eldest son of David James, M.D.,
at that time were obliged to receive a share.         was born in that city, in I836.
Another movement of the Seneca Medical I-Ie received the advantages of education afSociety in regard to hommopathy, not long  forded by the the common schools of that day,
after this occurrence, redounded no more ad- and finally graduated at the Central High
vantageously to the cause of allopathy than  School.
the former, and, in fact, has rather a strong    Commencing the study of medicine, he enshade of the humorous.  The society in  tered the Homceopathic Medical College of
question, with a lively sense of the growing  Philadelphia, and graduated in the twentyevil of the new  system, appointed a com- first year of his age.  Having been a close
mittee, of which Dr. Childs, of Seneca Falls, student, an ardent reader, and a searcher after
an ex-president and one of the ablest members  new theories, novel ideas, and scientific disof that body, was the chairman, to investigate  coveries, it is but natural this should become
and report upon the subject of homceopathy. a marked feature of his character. As a
Dr. Childs was an earnest, conscientious man, writer, he is widely known.  He is Surgical
and after his appointment, Drs. Stevens and  Editor of the Amdierican Observer of Detroit,
Bayard went to him, and, after a long and  and for two years was Surgical Critic for the
pleasant interview, in which the disputed  IAedical investig/tor of Chicago.  He is a
theme was fully' discussed, urged him, in the  contributor to the Hah/nemann )lMonthly of
interests of truth, to give the matter a thorough  Philadelphia, and to numerous other medical



as~~~~~~~~~                   cl- X X T
er 1? i 11 tT 51 0 J  cry'Ld  Six 2.T'e   l
/1 ~  ~    ~     -r4~i
~~~p~~~Uw~~~~i dDc-~.









..........



HOMEEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               45
journals. As a surgeon, he has attained great year after his graduation, he had the charge
eminence in the profession.  His practice in  of a large drug establishment.  In 1847, with
this department is conservative when available, two others, he commenced the t4Tilliamzsbusrather than operative, but he is firm and skil-  (now the Brooklyn) Daily Times, the editorial
ful in the use of the knife, when occasion de- chair of which he filled for eighteen months.
mands an operation.                        During his connection with the Times, he
Through his instrumentality the Homoeopa- prepared a school history of the United States,
thic Medical Society of Pennsylvania was in- and also a primary history; both of which
augurated, and, having for seven years served  have had a very extensive circulation. Early
as its Recording Secretary, holds now the  in 1849, he was appointed City Physician of
honorable position of President.  He is con- Williamsburg, now Brooklyn, E. D.  His atnected with a number of scientific and literary  tention was first directed to homceopathy by
societies in Philadelphia and elsewhere.   the case of a poor woman suffering from inDr. James has travelled extensively through  tense retching and vomiting.  Every means
Europe and America. A close observer of  at his disposal under the allopathic system
men and scenes, he has of late acquired a high  having failed to afford relief, and completely
reputation as a lecturer, his descriptions of  baffled in every attempt to alleviate her sufferthe scenes through which he has passed being  ings, fearing the woman would die, he called
exceedingly happy. An extensive practice, to his aid physicians of his school of medicine,
and the numerous professional duties incident who acknowledged  themselves unable  to
thereto, constrain him to decline many calls afford relief.  Determined to save his patient,
to appear in public.                       if she could be saved, he consulted Dr. George
In I867, he attended the World's Congress  Cox, who had lately become a homceopathist.
of Homceopathic Physicians, held in Paris, as A few doses of arsenicum gave her prompt and
a delegate from  the American InStitute of  thorough relief, every unpleasant symptom
Homceopathy.  He is an active member of  disappearing before the potency of the medithe Executive Committee of this latter body, cine. The successful treatment of this case
to arrange and develop plans for a World's  induced a close and thoughtful examination
Convention of Homceopathic Physicians and  of the system and principles of homceopathy,
Surgeons, to be held in Philadelphia during  which resulted in a thorough conviction of
tlhe Centennial Exhibition, in 1876.       their strict accordance with scientific rules.
In December of this year, suffering from impaired health, he was advised by his brotherphysicians to move into the country.  He acUERNSEY, EGBERT, M.D., now  cordingly settled at Fishkill Landing, opposite
of New York city, was born in  Newburgh, N. Y.  Here, in connection with
Litchfield, Conn., July 8th, I823. Dr. Hall of Newburgh, he edited the second
His preparatory course for college  edition of "Jahn's Manual," in doing which,
was passed at Phillip's Academy, Andover, the large manual, translated by Dr. Hempel,
Mass. A year was devoted to teaching, fol- was carefully condensed, and new editions
lowed by a year in the scientific department made in both the Materia Medica, and the
of Yale College. A trip to Europe occupied  Repertory, from the best authorities.
another year.  He graduated in the medical   The Hudson River Railroad was then bedepartment of the University of the City of ing opened through the place, and the cholera
New York, in I846.  During the last year of broke out with great severity along the line
his medical studies, wishing to become fami- of the road, among the laborers.  This was
liar with the details of pharmacy, he entered  followed by a severe type of dysentery, which
a drug store, where he became thoroughly  spread with wonderful rapidity over all the
conversant with pharmaceutical science. The  country. All the physicians of the neighbor



46                     BIOGRAPHICAL CVCLOPAEDIA OF
hood were kept busy day and night; and so  commenced the study of medicine under the
pressing was the exigency that, during four direction of Dr. C. C. Forte of that city, and
months of the continuance of the disease, at- prepared by him, entered the New York Memost the whole of his sleep was obtained  dical College, on Fifteenth street, near Fourth
while travelling in his carriage.  The value  avenue, in I854, and graduated with distinof homceopathy was thoroughly tested at that guished honor, in I857.  On his graduation,
time.  Its superiority was apparent in the  he served as the Physician to the Out-door
fact that, while under allopathic treatment Poor, and in the dispensary of Williamsburgh,
multitudes died, he did not lose a single pa- N. Y. During two years following, he resided
tient.                                     in Thirty-seventh street, New York, and, in
His health being firmly established, Dr.  I86o, removed to Fiftieth street, near Third
Guernsey, in I85I, settled in New  York. avenue, engaged assiduously in the onerous
Soon after his settlement there, he published a  duties of his profession.  For the more thovaluable work, entitled, " Domestic Practice,"  rough performance of these duties, he found
and shortly after gave to the public a little his ministry to the poor in and out of the distreatise which he named, " Gentleman's Hand- pensary to have been a most admirable prebook of Homceopathy." Both of these works, paration. While engaged in a large, increasvaluable in the amount and kind of instruc- ing, and lucrative practice in New York, he
tion they give, have had a large and deserved  was married in June, I863, to Miss Philema
popularity.  He received at this date the ap- B. Rose, a lady whose accomplishments renpointment of Physician to The Home of the  dered his home one of singular attractions.
Friendless, which office he filled with great Six years after, her health being seriously
fidelity, and with acceptance to the directors affected, he left New York as a place of resiand the patients, for fourteen years, when he re- dence, and retired to Newburgh, N. Y., where
signed it to younger hands. Dr. Guernsey was he now resides.
for one year President of the County Medical   Active and zealous as have been his labors,
Society; one year Professor of Materia Me- in the more immediate duties of his profession,
dica, and three years Professor of the Theory  Dr. Mitchell has not been unmindful of the
and Practice of Medicine in the Homceopa-  claims of medical journalism  upon his large
thic Medical College of New  York.  This  and very thorough experience.  He has conlatter position he resigned in I867.       tributed various articles upon departments of
his profession to the medical magazines, and
has given to the " Transactions of the American
Institute of Homceopathy " several very able
papers recording the results of his extended
ITCHELL, JOHN  J., M. D., of acquaintance with the practical details of his
Newburgh, N. Y., who has taken  profession.
high rank as a homceopathic phy-   We must not close this brief sketch without
sician, and whom the profession  stating that in I866-'67, prior to his removal
and the public cannot well afford to lose, was to Newburgh, Dr. Mitchell occupied the chair
born in Cortlandville, N. V., July 8th, I834. of Chemistry in the Homceopathic Medical
He is the son of Rev. John S. Mitchell, College of New York, a chair which he filled
D. D.                                      with an ability that brought large advantage
While residing in New Haven, and pre- to his classes, while reflecting the highest
paring for admission to the junior class of  credit upon himself. We trust that his retireYale College, his eyes became so seriously  ment from active duty is but temporary. his
affected as to require him to abandon the at- talents being needed even in this day, when
tempt to enter the college.  His ardent tem- so many men of eminent ability adorn the
perament not allowing him  to be idle, he  profession.



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                             47
OYNE, TEMPLE S., A.M., M.D., also the charge of the venereal patients in the
of Chicago, Ills., was born in  Scammon Hospital.  Dr. Hoyne is also the
that city, on October I6th, I841. business manager and registrar of the college.
He is the eldest son of the Hon. His literary contributions to his profession are
Thomas Hoyne, LL. D., one of the eldest atreatise onthe useofCarbolicAcid; "Hoyne's
members of the Chicago bar.  He is the  Materia Medica Cards; " and a "Repertory to
grandson of Dr. John S. Temple of St. Louis, the New Remedies."  He has contributed
Mo.  He received his education in the Uni- to the flainemzanni Moznthz/,' the United
versity of Chicago, where he graduated in  States Medical and Surgical  ozutznal, the
I862, receiving the three degrees of B. S., Medical Investiga/or;, and the Amer;ican HoM. S., and A. M. On his graduation, he at- nif'opatlzic Obserz,e-, and is at this time one
tended two courses of lectures in the Bellevue  of the editors of Raue's Annzual Record."
Hospital Medical College, New York, receiv-   He was married in I866. In all the deing the degree of M. D. in February, I865. partments he has filled, Dr. Hoyne has acPreviously to this, in I862, he took a partial quitted himself to the general approval.  In
course in the Halhnemann Medical College  his present position as professor in the college
of Chicago.  His father having expressed a he is earning for himself an exalted reputawish that he should pursue the practice of the  tion, while his publications upon various sublaw, he entered his office, but finding the  jects have added largely to his renown as a
study exceedingly distasteful, he gave himself  physician thoroughly conversant with his subto the study of medicine as the profession of  ject.  He is perfectly at home in both the
his life. Dr. Hoyne's father, impressed with  theory and  practice of homceopathy, and
the belief that all boys should be taught a  enjoys largely the confidence of his profestrade, encouraged his son to learn the art of sional brethren.
printing.  In accordance with this wish, he
worked in the printing office of the Chicago
Democrat half a day while attending school          ODGE, EDWIN A., M. D., of Dein his boyhood.  He then procured a small             troit, Mich., commenced the study
font of type, and, in I858, printed a volume          of medicine, in 1842, under Proof one hundred pages-a novel written by               fessor Shotwell of the Ohio Mehis mother-and bound by his uncle.  The  dical College in Cincinnati, whose wise and
edition numbered one hundred copies, and  judicious guidance he has even since gratewas printed on a common letter press. The  fully remembered.  In I845, he became a
knowledge he thus acquired has always since  student under Dr. Edwin A. Atlee, and, in
been of great value to him, besides the recrea- I849, received his diploma. As at the time
tion it affords him after the arduous labors of of his graduation, the Asiatic cholera was
his profession.  In I864, during the war, he  prevailing epidemically in Cincinnati, he had
had charge of a hospital in Fredericksburgh, no difficulty in obtaining immediate practice.
Va., in company with Dr. F. H. Hamilton of  He soon  observed that the homceopathic
New York.  The hospital contained three  physicians, Drs. Pulte and Ehrmann, cured
hundred men wounded in the Battle of the  many of their collapsed cases of cholera,
Wilderness.  Resuming his practice at the  while, under allopathic practice, only the
close of the war, he was elected, in I869, milder cases were amenable to treatment.
Professor of Materia Medica in the Hahne- He received, soon after, a letter from his old
mann Medical College of Chicago, and has preceptor, Dr. Atlee, who had removed to
delivered four courses of lectures before that Philadelphia, in which he stated that he had
school. This position he still maintains, with  become convinced of the superiority of homcecredit to himself, and with honor to the col- opathy, and begged him, while yet young, to
lege. In addition to his other duties, he has examine its claims thoroughly.  Having im



48                     BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP:EDIA  OF
plicit confidence in Dr. Atlee's judgment, and  the Hon. Dudley Chase, of Vermont, and a
knowing that he would not thus advise with- connection of the late Chief Justice of the
out the best and most solid of reasons, he gave United States, inherited from her parents a
*the subject much thought, and made his first robust constitution, along with quick  and
test of the system on his only son, a little boy  active mental powers.  Filial regard attributes
of eighteen months, who was declining by  to her the transmission of the tact and judgmerasmus. Under advice of Dr. Burnham, ment for which she was considered remarkaa homceopathic physician, the prescription he  ble.
gave proved effective, and the child recovered.   The subject of this sketch, the eldest son
He has grown to manhood, and is now a suc- and second child of a family of twelve chilcessful homeopathic physician in Detroit.  dren, grew up amid the hardships and toil of
Procuring the necessary works and a supply  a pioneer life, cherishing an ambition for a
of homceopathic medicines, he entered upon  condition superior to mere physical labor.
the new practice, and met with a degree of  His father was unable to defray the expenses
success which confirmed him in the wisdom  of his education beyond the meagre one to be
of his choice.                             had from  the public schools; but resolved
In I859, he removed to Detroit, Mich., upon success, he taught school in the winter,
where he still resides, attending chiefly to his and worked upon the farm in the summer, in
practice, and to the publication of his favorite  order to provide the means for his attendance
journal, The Ameriican Observer.  Itis exe- upon the spring and fall terms of the Washcutive ability and editorial skill have beel  ington County Academy, and the Academy
amply manifested in the conduct of his maga- at Poultney, Vt., in which he received his
zine, which he edits, in secretaryships of preparatory education. About to enter colseveral societies, and in many other labors. lege, a severe attack of typhoid fever, from
In addition to his literary work upon The  which he did not recover for many months,
Anmerican Observer, he is a regular correspon- induced a change in his plans, and he decided
dent of the Christianz Standard, of Cincin-  to commence the study of medicine. In I842,
nati, and sundry other papers; showing as he entered the office of Dr. Joslyn, of Waitsmuch interest in the cause of religion, as in  field, Vt., subsequently  studied under Dr.
the science of medicine.  He has been the  S. W. Thayer, late Professor in Burlington
general editor and publisher of The Amzerican  University, and lastly.under Dr. B. W. Palmer,
Observer, one of the most practical and suc- Professor in the Vermont Medical College in
cessful of the homreopathic monthlies since  Woodstock.  He graduated from this college
its establishment, in i864.                in I845, and soon after married Miss Laura
E. Tyler, of Fayston, and settled in Warren,
Vt.  While practising there, he was led to
inviestigate the principles of homoeopathy;
RIGHAM,  GERSHOM   NEL-  and, having matriculated at the College of
SON, M. D., of Montpelier, Vt., Physicians and Surgeons in New York City,
was born in Fayston, Washington  in I849, he learned of Teste's experiments in
county, Vt., March  3rd, I820. St. Margarette's Hospital in Paris, and of the
His father, Elisha Brigham, removing from  eminent success of Dr. Gray and others in
Marlborough, Mass., to Fayston, was active  New York. He gave to the system his thorough
in the organization and prosperity of the town- adhesion, and in the year following earnestly
ship, then but recently settled.  He taught embraced it. He was the second person in
several district schools, and was considered  Middle Vermont to espouse the cause, and
well educated.  His fondness for books has one of the little band of six who founded the
been inherited by his children.  His mother Vermont State Homoeopathatic Society, of
(Miss Sophronia Ryder), a near relative of i which he is now the President. Leaving



(
SION






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               49
Warren, where he had secured a large practice,      OUGLASS, J. S., A. M., M.D.,
he removed to Waitsfield, where his duties            PH. D., of Milwaukee, Wis., was
were still more laborious, and finally settled        born  in Westmoreland, Oneila
in Montpelier.  He was here associated for            county, N. Y., on July 4th, 18oI.
one year, with Dr. Taplin, and since then  His father was a pioneer farmer in that county.
has secured an extensive practice for him- His academic studies were conducted at the
self.                                      Academy of Whitesborough, N. Y., where he
Dr. Brigham has had remarkable success continued his preparation for college, but the
attendant upon his labors, seldom losing a  Madison University of New York, in conpatient of whom he has had the exclusive  sideration~ of thorough proficiency, conferred
charge.  He has acquired a reputation for upon him  the honorary degree of Master of
skill, which calls for his services at times Arts, and he received the degree of Ph. D.
seventy and more miles from his home.  In  from the same institution, in 1870.
addition to his professional labors, he has    He pursued his medical studies in Palmyra,
served as Postmaster and Town Superinten- under Drs. McIntyre  and  Peckham, and
dent, has lectured on education, temperance, under Drs. Sayles and Stevens, of Vernon,
and sundry scientific subjects; and has con- N. Y.  He graduated M. D., at the Fairfield
tributed to the secular press for twenty-five  Medical College, N. Y., in 1825. After pracyears. He has contributed to medical litera- tising in Oswego, Vernon, and Hamilton,
ture in addresses before various societies, and  N.Y., until I848, he removed to Milwaukee,
to the Boston Homeopa/hic MAedical 7ournal. having three years previously adopted the
He prepared  the  history of Washington  homceopathic practice of therapeutics, at that
county for the "Vermont Historical Maga- date comparatively unknown in that section.
zine," and delivered the class poem  before  In 1845, in less than one year after his conthe Norwich University, in 187o. He pub- version, he delivered a lecture before the
lished, in that year, a volume of poems, en- citizens, and the faculty and students of the
titled, "The  Harvest Moon, and Other university, explanatory of the principles of
Poems," which has received flattering notices homceopathy. The repetition of this lecture
from  the press; and has other volumes in  was several times called for, and so great was
preparation, soon to be published.         the interest awakened by it that he gave it to
In I869, he was elected a member of the  the press for wider diffusion.  Hearing of a
American Institute of Homceopathy.  He has large number of physicians and laymen who
instructed a large number of students, who  had become homceopathists through this lechave graduated at the homceopathic colleges  ture, he made special efforts to disseminate
in Philadelphia and New York; his eldest popular information upon the subject.
son, Dr. H. C. Brigham, graduating in 1872,   He has given to the public several valuable
from the New York Homceopathic College; works.  In I855, he published a valuable
and Dr. W. W. Porter, now occupying the  treatise on intermittent fevers, and subsechair of Clinical Medicine and Obstetrics in  quently, a more immediately useful work, enthe University of Syracuse, N. V., both having  titled, "Practical Homceopathy."  This has
received their preparatory education under reached its eleventh edition.  He has also
his direction.                             been a contributor to various medical journals.
Dr. Brigham has been a diligent laborer in   In 1859, he accepted the professorship of
the cause of popular education; is a member Materia Medica, and Special Pathology and
of the Ci' -en's Lecture Committee, and his Diagnosis in the Homceopathic College of
adopted home is largely indebted to him for Cleveland.  He has been, since I847, a memthe organization of a public reading room, to  ber of the American Institute of Homceopawhich it is now prqposed to add a public  thy-once its President, and once its Orator.
library.                                   He is now over seventy-one years of age; in
4



50                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP.EDIA  OF
excellent health; and able to perform  all the  several homceopathic associations —State and
duties of an extensive practice with the acti- County-in different parts of the United States;
vity and energy seldom  equalled by young  and has frequently represented these associamen.                                       tions as delegate to national and State bodies.
For nearly half a century he has earnestly    During the past three years, he has been
and conscientiously been devoted to the prac- chaiiman of the Bureau of Organization, Retice of medicine-twenty years an allopath, gistration, and Statistics of the American Intwenty-eight years a homceopath.  Long ex- stitute of Homceopathy, and for four years has
perience in both schools admirably qualify  been chairman of the Bureau of Clinical Mehim  to decide which is the superior.  His  dicine and Zymosis of the State Association.
sudden transition from the old to the new, and    He has written a number of articles for the
his unprecedented success in expounding and  press, connected with the practice of mediteaching the doctrines of Hahnemann, speak  cine.
volumes in favor of his later choice.  His    Dr. Williamson was married June Ist, I858,
lectures and writings, incisive and full of to Miss Mary Porter Raymond, daughter of
common sense, give evidence of vast philo-  Aaron Lehman Raymond, Esq., formerly of
sophy and experience.  He possesses, as he  Macleias, Me., and has four children living.
deserves, the love and reverence of his many    In March, I872, he associated with him his
friends and patients.                      brother Matthew  Strong Williamson, M. D.,
as assistant.
ILLIAMSON, WALTER MAR-                     ETTERHOFF, HIRAM RICKTIN, M. D., of Philadelphia, Pa.,          ERT, M. D., of Newville, Pa.,
was born in Newtown, Delaware               was born in Franklin county, Pa.,
county, Pa., July 3rd, 1836.  His          on May Ioth, I837. His parents
father was Walter Williamson, M. D., of Phi- were Americans, but of German descent. His
ladelphia, whose biographical sketch appears father, a farmer in Franklin county, died when
in this volume. His literary education was he was but eleven years old. His education
acquired at the Academy of the Protestant was obtained partly at a public school, and
Episcopal' Church in Philadelphia; and his partly at Fayetteville Academy, his attendance
medical training in the Homceopathic Medical at the latter being of very limited duration.
College of that city.  He graduated in the  For the rest he is indebted to his own unaided
class of March, 1857.  In April following, he  efforts, principally put forth while teaching
located in Appleton, Outagamie county, Wis., public school.  Between the period when he
where he soon succeeded in acquiring a large  left public school and attended the academy,
practice.  The failure of his father's health at he worked at cabinet-making in Chambersthe end of three years required his return to  burg, having no taste for agricultural pursuits,
Philadelphia, and he became associated with  being apprenticed thereto when sixteen. He
him as his assistant. This connection con- showed great mechanical aptitude, in three
tinued until the death of his father, December months being able to make any kind of plain
I9th, I870, when he assumed the entire  furniture as well as experienced workmen.
practice.                                  He, however, was taken sick, and lost his
He was elected a member of the American  situation. It was on recovery that he attended
Institute of Homceopathy, in 1857; was an  the Fayetteville Academy, on leaving which
original member of the State Medical Asso- for several years he taught school during the
ciation;  and  an original member of the  winter, and  worked at house-carpentering
Philadelphia County Medical Society. He is during the summer. For some time he had
a corresponding and honorary member of  cherished the idea of becoming a physician,






'?ii?,i~i;~i, ~,~'                                                                                                                 i.'~i                     ~J,?
~
~i~i                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ~           ijl'~;J'. ~,':ii? i,,rlf,,v!lii,.?,i?~,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           51
but, at the solicitation of several clergymen, ficed to build up an extensive practice among
he decided upon entering the ministry, and  the most intelligent and substantial families
took an appointment at the age of twenty. in the locality.
A chronic sore throat, however, compelled    Dr. Fetterhoff is a member of the Cumberhim to abandon preaching in two years, when  land Valley Homoeopathic Medical Society,
having an aversion to school-teaching, and the Pennsylvania State Homceopathic Medibeing in need of funds with which to support cal Society, and the American Institute of
his family, he took up ambrotyping and pho- Homceopathy. In February, 187I and I873,
tographing, as requiring but a short time to he represented the Cumberland Valley Society
learn and only a limited capital. In three in the State Society, and also in the American
weeks he had learned sufficient to work at it, Institute in June, I871. He was also a deleand for a time travelled from town to town. gate from the State Society to the American
In May, I86I, he located at Greencastle, Pa., Institute in June, 1872. In February, 1873,
and began the study of dentistry under Dr. he was elected Second Vice-President of the
E. B. Hamill, subsequently practising it in  Pennsylvania State Medical Society.
connection with photography.  During the
Rebellion he learned the business of telegraph
operator to accommodate the citizens of the
place, there being a line of telegraph, but no    AYARD, EDWARD, M. D., of
New York, was born March 6thb
permanent operator. Subsequently he opened              o           tn.r at,
a telegraph office in connection with his other      86, in Wilmington, Del., and
is the son of Hon. James A.
business, acting at the same time as United
States Military Telegraph Operator at HeadUnion College, Schenectady, N. Y., and graquarters of the Signal Corps, Department of,,,
duated in I825. Choosing the profession of
Susquehanna, it being located here for several
~~~~~~years.                  ~law, he commenced its study in the office of
years.
Judge Howell, in Canandaigua N.Y., and
Later on, he sold his photographic gallery;
subsequently with the Hon. Judge Cady, of
established a book-store and news depot, and,
Johnstown, N. Y., whose eldest daughter he
having engaged a clerk, set himself to the J.  V   wh
married in I827.  While in Johnstown, he
long contemplated study of medicine; he
p ursue      d it for several years, and then in was a Captain, Major, and Lieutenant Colonel
pursued it for several years, and then in, t
in the militia; and was admitted to practise
March, I867, selling out his business, removed   the 
law in all the courts of the State. He studied
to Chambersburg, where he entered into part- medicine in the medical department of the
medicine in the medical department of the
nership with H. Forrest, D. D. S., in the pracNew York University, and received his ditice of dentistry. While so engaged, he investigated the principles of homeopathy, and  ploma in 1845, since which time he has pracvestigated the principles of homeopathy, and  tised medicine in New York city. Dr. Bayard,
tised medicine in New York city. Dr. Bayard,
becoming convinced of the superiority of that
while studying law, practised homoeopathy
system, at once adopted it, and commenced      
as an amateur in Seneca Falls, Seneca county,
its study under B. Bamman, M.D. On
its stuy u r B. O and was successful in introducing it into
March 3rd, I869, he graduated at the Hahnema-n Medical College, Philadelphia, among
the first of the class. On April Ist, of the
same year, he commenced practice at Newville, Cumberland county, Pa., where homoe-       AUE, CHARLES' G., M. D., of
opathy was then comparatively unknown.              Philadelphia, was born in the vilHis successful treatment, especially of several    lage of Nieder-Cunnersdorf, in
cases, which the allopathic physicians had          Saxony, May IIth, I820.  He
pronounced incurable, soon gained him the attended college at Budissin, from I837 to
confidence of the people, and four years suf- I84I. While there he was strongly attracted



52                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPYEDIA OF
by the psychological theories of Professor F. surgery with Dr. George Coggswell, of BradE. Beneke, of Berlin, which he presented in  ford, Mass.  Dr. Coggswell was a physician
a popular form to the public in a treatise, pub- of great reputation as a surgeon, and was one
lished in I847. The following year he re- of those kind-hearted and genial men, which
moved to the United States, and commenced  characterized the old school of gentlemen.
his professional studies in the office of Dr. With the kindness of a father, and the thoC. Hering, of Philadelphia.  Having received  roughness of a scholar, he led Dr. Sargent
his diploma from the Philadelphia College of through his medical studies. After attending
Medicine, in I85o, he commenced practice in  a course of lectures, he spent some time at
Trenton, N.J., where he remained until I859, the Tremont Medical School, and Massachuin which year he came back to Philadelphia. setts General Hospital, and at length came to
In I864, he was elected Professor of Patho- Philadelphia to finish his medicalstudies. He
logy and Diagnosis at the Homceopathic Col- there attended a course of lectures, and finally
lege of Pennsylvania, which position he held  graduated from the allopathic school in I851.
until I870, when he resigned the chair.      Whilst attending the course'of lectures last
Dr. Raue has written, besides the work  alluded to, he had his attention called to the
above mentioned, which has passed through a homceopathic system  of practice; becoming
number of editions in Germany, a work on  interested therein, he commenced the investi"Special Pathology and Diagnostics, with The- gation and study thereof, and, in I852, grarapeutical Hints," I867; on the " Influence  duated from the homoeopathic school.  Soon
of the Tides on Parturition," I864; and edited  after graduating, he removed to Bordentown,
for three successive years, I870'72, the Re- N. J., there commenced the homceopathic syscord of Ifomzwopoa/hic Litersatzoe.        tem of practice, and succeeded in establishing
He has been twice married; first, to Miss a very large practice in that town and its viPhilippine J. Welflug (died I865),and, second, cinity.  His health failing, he removed to
to Miss Hermine Jiingerich.  As a lecturer, Philadelphia, in 1857, and there entered upon
he was considered clear, fluent, and instructive. a lucrative practice.  During this year, he
married Anna R., youngest daughter of Na-:  thaniel Bullock, Esq., of Bristol, R. I.  She
died about two years after.
ARGENT, RUFUS, M. D., of.   Sometime after the breaking out of the late
Philadelphia, Pa., was born in Es- civil war, he offered his services, and, in I862,
sex county, Mass., on the I6th of he entered the army as surgeon, and was in
April, I824.  His ancestors came  the Peninsula Campaign; was afterwards defrom England and settled in Massachusetts, tailed to take charge of a General Hospital at
taking up a large tract of territory.  The  Yorktown, Va.; was in Charleston Harbor
town of Aimsbury was built upon a portion  during all the military operations there, and
of sai(l tract, and part of it came to his father was on duty at Point Lookout Hospital, and
as a farm, upon which place the subject of  also at Mt. Pleasant Hospital at Washington.
our sketch was born.  Being left an orphan  He was next ordered to Camp Reynolds, near
at an early age, he was placed under the care  Pittsburgh, and afterwards ordered on duty in
of friends in Haverhill, Mass.  He cornm- Pittsburgh, as Post Surgeon; having spent
menced his education in the public schools of  altogether some three years in the United
that place, continued it at Benjamin Green- States service, and during that time he gathleaf's celebrated seminary, and finished his ered much practical knowledge concerning
preliminary course at the Worcester High  his profession.
School.  He next taught an academy for up-    At the close of the war, he spent a few
wards of one year in Barnstable county, and  months in recruiting hi health, after which he
finally commenced the study of medicine and  resumed the practice of medicine in Phila



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f    a:'~ala:~/- _'U!n. Co. Fhlla la






- ~ ~ ~   ~       ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -........









K122-    ills    1 l  g



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               53
delphia, where his former friends and patrons hospitals of Berlin and Vienna, pursuing eswere ready to receive him.  His practice has pecially the study of ophthalmic and aural
ever since been increasing, and is probably  surgery. In 1870, he was elected President
equal to any in the city.                  of the college, and continued in office until his
In 1872, he married Esther R., daughter resignation consequent upon his removal to
of John Abbott, a highly esteemed citizen of  Cincinnati, in I872.  In 1870, he was apPhiladelphia.                              pointed Orator by the American Institute of
Dr. Sargent is a physician of acknowledged  Homceopathy, and in June delivered the adability, discharging the duties of his profession  dress in the Academy of Music in Philadelin a strictly conscientious manner; he is a phia before the institute and a large popular
profound thinker, and an able demonstrator audience.  The feeling created by the address
of the principles of homceopathy both in  was so intense, that the institute voted to retheory and practice, yet at the same time dis-  ject it from its annual proceedings.  It has,
playing a charitable and liberal feeling towards however, been published, and widely distrithose who may differ with him.             buted by private agency. In 1871, he was
elected President of the Ohio Medical Society,
having been its Secretary for several years
previous.
ILSON, T. P., M. D., of Cincinnati,   In order to devote himself to the special
Ohio, was born in Huron county, treatment of diseases of the eye and ear, Dr.
Ohio, November 9th, 1832.  For Wilson removed to Cincinnati in December,
many years he enjoyed excellent 1872, and now occupies the chair of Ophthalcommon school education, until he was fitted  mic and Aural Surgery in the Pulte Medical
for teaching.  He then alternated teaching  College in that city. His ability as a writer
with attendance at school, until he was nearly  and a speaker is well known to the profession,
ready for college. The failure of his health  and needs no comment.  He now edits the
obliged him to abandon his cherished project Cincinnati AMedical Advance, and besides
of a collegiate course. On his partial:reco- lecturing, and attending to his practice, is envery, he entered the Ministry of the Metho- gaged in earnest advocacy, in various journals,
dist Episcopal Church, and preached with  of the principles of modern science. He is
great acceptance on various circuits in North- alert, progressive and industrious.
ern Ohio. Having a strong predilection for
medical science, he attended lectures at the
Cleveland Homceopathic College, and graduated in I857. In the course of that year,         EARSON, CLEMENT, M. D., of
he formed a medical copartnership with Dr.  $         Mount Pleasant, Iowa, was born
D. H. Beckwith, of Ianesville.  In June, he           in Mercer county, Pa., December
was married to Miss Marian Beckwith, and,             I9th, I8I9.  His father, a native
in I858, removed to Cleveland.  In 1859, he  of Chester county, was of English descent,
was elected to the chair of Physiology and  and traced his line through a long ancestry
Pathology in the Cleveland College.  He  of Quaker blood.  His mother, four years
was connected with that important school as younger, was born in Philadelphia. His early
an active member of the faculty for thirteen  education was received in an academy at
years, lecturing at various times on Anatomy, New Wilmington, Pa. On leaving there, he
Surgery, Obstetrics, Physiology, and Patho- was engaged for a number of years as a
logy. In 1867, he established the Ohio Mle- teacher. While thus employed, he gave himdical and Surgical Reyorter, and was its self to the study and thorough comprehension
Chief Editor for five years. In I869, he  of the different schools of medicine; examinvisited Europe, and spent some time in the  ing the several theories, and noticing carefully



54                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
their results.  He pursued this study with in- out Dr. Sumner Stebbins as an allopathic opdefatigable industry, but without the slightest ponent.  The discussion both oral and written
thought of becoming a practitioner of either was one of great ability, and both parties
system.  His fondness for the study alone in- gained renown from it. The lecture was subduced his long and earnest labor over it, and  sequently reviewed at some length by Dr.
it was not until 1847, that his attention was Marcy in the Nort/h A4merican 7our zal of
drawn to the expediency of making choice of  Homzcop~athy.  To this journal he has conmedicine as a profession.  For this, he is in- tributed sundry papers of great value; and to
debted to Dr. S. Searles, of Newcastle, Pa., the United Slates 7oumrna  of Homefopat/hy;
from whom, and his partner, Dr. Porter, he  to the Hfahnemann lMonth/zy,. to the Homwreceived all necessary books and instruction  opatlic independent; to the Afedical and
in homceopathy.  He prosecuted his studies  Suzrgical Re0porter; and to the USzized States
with great care for two years.  In the winter Medical nd Surgical 7ournal.  In addition
of I849, he formed the acquaintance of Curt to these, he has been a frequent contributor to
Pretsch, M. D., who had but recently arrived  the Medical bzvestzoator, of Chicago, for the
in this country from Leipzig; and in April, past fifteen years.  He has also prepared a
i85o, they opened an office in Wellsville, chapter for a work on Materia Medica, which
Ohio, for the practice of homceopathy.  The  has not yet been published, prepared under
year following, he attended lectures at the  the editorship of Dr. Gilchrist.  In addition
Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl- to these literary contributions to the cause of
vania, in Philadelphia, and then removed to  homceopathy, he has delivered annually adSalem, Ohio, where, for five years, he engaged  dresses (by request) to the teachers of, the
in active and very successful practice.  In the  country, since the organization of their instiwinter of I856-'57, wishing still farther to  tute, now over twelve years.  Some of these
improve himself in study, he attended lectures lectures, and one also before the State Mediin the Homceopathic College at Cleveland, cal Association, have been published in the
Ohio, graduating in March, I857.  In April newspapers, and have met with general acof the same year, he located in Mount Plea- ceptance.
sant, Iowa, where he is now actively engaged    He is a ready writer and a fluent speaker,
in a large and valuable practice.  His patient an uncompromising friend  of temperance,
and laborious investigation of the several taking the position in numerous addresses he
theories of medical practice, though, probably, has delivered on this subject that alcohol,
he little thought of the result, was a most though a good vehicle for retaining and preimportant link in the chain of causation, which  serving medicinal substances, is of itself
led him to chose the profession of medicine, never necessary either as a medicine or stiand ultimately to decide upon homceopathy  mulant.
as the system which combined most of reasonableness with the least of suffering to the
afflicted.                                          cMANUS, FELIX  R., M. D., of
On the I7th of June, I858, he delivered an          Baltimore, Md., was born in that
address before the public, entitled, "Is there        city, May 3oth, I807. His paa System of Medicine?"  This address was              rents emigrated from Ireland, in
induced by the Proceedings of the Iowa State  I798, and arrived in Baltimore, where his
Medical Society, and is a reply to them. It father pursued a mercantile life for nearly forty
is a very able lecture, in which comparing the  years. Having received a preliminary educaallopathic and homoeopathic treatments, he  tion in his native city, he was sent to Georgepresents an array of proof in favor of the  town College, D. C., at the early age of eleven
latter, which it is impossible to controvert. It years. When he attained his twentieth year,
excited considerable discussion, and brought he commenced the study of medicine, as a



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               55
resident student of the Baltimore Infirmary-   derstanding the latter but not the former, rethe hospital of the University of Maryland. medies were selected for many complaints of
After attendance upon two courses of lectures many patients, and the result was satisfactory.
in that school of Medicine, he graduated in  After a labor of six months in this way, the
April, I829, and immediately commenced the  first full English translation of the first edition
practice of medicine in his native city. This of "Jahn's Manual" appeared, in an issue
he pursued with untiring industry and great from the Allentown, Pa., Homceopathic Colsuccess as an allopathic physician, until No- lege. This work was hailed with joy by Dr.
vember, I837, a period of eight and a half  McManus, as it greatly facilitated the object
years.  In going to the funeral of one of his he had in view, a fair and full investigation
patients, in company with a clergyman, the  of the merits of homocopathy.  That invessubject of homceopathy was introduced by the  tigation and the practice of the new  syslatter, who, while he admitted that Dr. Mc- tem have been progressing in his hands ever
Manus had pursued a very energetic course  since I837, a period  of nearly thirty-six
of practice in the case of the deceased, depre- years.
cated in the strongest terms its severity and    At the time of his commencing this examidestructiveness.  From the manner in which  nation, as he was the first and only physician
the clerical gentleman lauded the merits of  in Maryland engaged in the pursuit, and not
homceopathy, and its unquestioned superiority  understanding German, and having no Engover the prevailing modes of medical practice, lish translations, the magnitude of the underDr. McManus concluded either that there taking may readily be imagined, and some
must be something in homceopathy of a cura- idea formed of the trials borne, and courage
tive power, or that his clerical friend, who  demanded by the pioneers of homceopathy;
was a very learned man, was most egregiously  and what they have endured for the cause of
deceived.  He promised the clergyman to in- science and humanity.
vestigate it, and to do it fairly. In order to    Dr. McManus was one of the small band
do this, he determined to go to Philadelphia, who formed the American Institute of Homceand to find and converse with a physician of opathy, now the largest medical society in the
standing, who had practised both systems of world.  He has been once elected its Presimedicine.  Dr. Matlack being suggested, he  dent, and, for many years, has filled the very
visited him, -and made him acquainted with  important and responsible office of chairman
the object of his visit.  Dr. Matlack stated  of its Board of Censors, an office which he
that he had practised medicine for twenty  now holds by the unanimous vote of the inyears, the last five of which he had devoted  stitute.  His success and standing as a practito Homceopathy.  After hearing what Dr. tioner are well known to the profession and
McManus had to say, and the very many  to the community in which he has so long
questions he had to ask, Dr. Matlack informed  labored, and where he has established an imhim  that, as there were no American works perishable fame for homemopathy as well as
from  which to study homoeopathy, it would  for himself.  His first son, Dr. Felix S. Mcbe necessary for him  to study German, and  Manus, was, like his father, a graduate of the
named several standard German works upon  University of Maryland, and a member of the
the new system of medicine, which were of American Institute of Homceopathy.  He
great value to the student and practitioner. fell a victim  to consumption.  His second
With these books, he returned to Baltimore, son, Dr. Frederick A. McManus, also a graemployed a German teacher, and investigated  duate of the same University, is now a pracwith him  the novel system. The German  titioner of homceopathy in Baltimore, and
teacher understanding German, but not the  bids fair to perpetuate the skill and success of
medical technicalities, and Dr. McManus, un- his father.



56                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
AYNE, WILLIAM  E., M. D., of profession needed. Having thus begun his
Bath, Me., was born in the town  first acquaintance with homeopathy, he naof Unity, Kennebeck county, in  turally inferred that the truth of the law of
that State, on November 25th, simzilia simiiibus could be determined only in
8Ir5.  He was educated, at first, at the cornm- the sick-room.  Procuring from  an eminent
mon schools, and subsequently under private  foreign practitioner, who was sojourning in
tutors.  He was graduated at the Maine Me- Bath, a copy of Hering's edition of Jahn, he
dical College in the class of I838. During  applied his first test in a case of Pneumonia,
his pupilage at this college, he was Prosector so desperate in its character that it threatened
and Demonstrator of Anatomy for two succes- to defy all treatment.  The promptness with
sive years, making nearly all the dissections  which the disease yielded to his remedy gave
used by the Professor in his lectures in that him courage to proceed with his experiments;
department.  So satisfactory were his services  and as success crowned his further efforts, he
while filling this important position, that on  abandoned allopathy, and cordially embraced
several occasions he was complimented by  the new and better system.  He was the first
the Professor before the class for his skill, and, resident physician in Maine to embrace howhen on the Diaphragm, he pronounced the  mceopathy; indeed, with one or two excepdissection the best he had ever seen of that tions, the first throughout New England.
muscle.                                    His skill, intelligence, and thorough acquainImmediately after graduation, he settled in  tance with his profession, have made him
Bath. In I843, he married Miss B.A. Hatch, widely known; and his labors have been atwho is living, and by whom he has had ten  tended with a degree of success as honorable
children, the eldest being Frederick W. Payne, to his devotion to the cause as it is decided in
M. D., who is located in Boston, Mass. In  its endorsement of the system which he now
the course of two and a half years, he ac- applies.
quired a good and gradually increasing prac-    Since its organization, he has been a memtice.  Having entered upon the profession  her of the American Institute of Homceopawith implicit confidence in the theories of the  thy, of which he has been both President and
schools, and with the reasonable hope that he  Corresponding Secretary; for several years a
might be able to reduce them to practice  member of the Board of Censors; and for
among his patients, he soon discovered that, twelve years a member of the Central Bureau
either he had overrated his ability, or that he  for the Augmentation of the Materia Medica
needed a larger experience to enable him to  of Homrreopathy. In the promotion of the
adjust them to practical detail. The only re- interests of this great national organization,
sult thus far was the accumulation of doubts, he has given his best energies. On one occaand the discovery that his best success was sion, he filled the place of the Annual Orator
when he followed the registered experience  of the institute.  He is a member of the
of the profession, even though in opposition  Maine Homceopathic Medical Society, and
to the theories of the schools. With his mind  of the Central Homoeopathic Medical Society
in this state of uncertainty, in I840, a copy  of the State; has served as President of both,
of" Hahnemann's Organon " coming into his and is now Recording Secretary of the State
hands, he read and reread it with deepening  Society. As a member of the Bureau of Mainterest. The principle enunciated in this teria Medica, he has aided in the provings of
book as the corner-stone of a system, he saw, the following remedies, viz: Rennex Cr-iswould, if true, prove a faithful and sufficient  tpus, fMercurius yodatns Rube;-, Polygonsum,
guide among the suffering; as efficacious in  Punctatum Gelsemzinum, and SiZllinum Ti, rithe pestilential districts of India, as in the sa- num, the last of which he had the honor of
lubrious climate of New England. This met introducing into the Materia Medica.
his want.  It seemed to be the one thing the    Selected as the Orator for the occasion, he



C    -avm e..         o   Chila..
Gal                           hi i    PL.h:s.Plii~i






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               57
delivered the oration at the celebration of the  duated with distinction, in I846. On leaving
centennial birthday of Hahnemann in Boston, college, he engaged in teaching and in editoI855. He was one of the editors of the  rial work in Philadelphia city and county,
Nor/th American 7oournal of Homzaojpa/ty, and, in I847, began the study of medicine
from I862-'69, inclusive.  He has been con- with HI. N. Guernsey, M. D., then in practice
strained to decline urgent invitations to ac- in Frankford, Pa. He attended the first and
cept the chair of Materia Medica in the Ho- second courses of lectures in the Homceopamceopathic College of Pennsylvania, and  thic Medical College of Pennsylvania, and
more recently in the Hahnemann College in  received the degree of M. D. March, I850.
Philadelphia.  In i86i, he was elected to the    After spending a few years at the South,
chair of Theory and Practice in the Homce- Dr. Frost returned to his native State, and deopathic Medical College of New York, with  voted himself to the practice of medicine in
the understanding that he was to lecture only  Bangor, where he acquired an enviable repuwhen convenient to him. He delivered only  tation as a skilful physician.  Always an inthe introductory lecture to the class of that valid, the necessities of a large and increasyear.                                      ing business, at length rendering it impossible
During a period of thirty years, he has to avoid exposure to the severities of the clicontributed sundry papers to the journals of mate, while he became less able to endure
homceopathy; and made several reports to the  them, he accepted, in I865, the professorship
American Institute, and to other society orga- of Physiology in his medical Alma Afal/er,
nizations.  IIe is fellow and corresponding  and removed to Philadelphia.  Here, in conmember of the Homoeopathic Medical College  junction with his colleagues and other friends
of Pennsylvania, an honorary member of the  of pure homceopathy, he founded the HahneMassachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New  mannzian /_lont/hly,' and for nearly three
Hampshire, and San Francisco County Medi- years, in addition to the duties of his profescal Societies.                             sorship, practising medicine, and taking an
Dr. Payne has travelled through Europe, active part in the general management of the
and has visited the principal cities and hospi- college, he performed all the labor of editing
tals of Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and publishing this journal, since so ably conancl Switzerland.  His political relations have  ducted by Dr. McClatchey.
consisted chiefly in his connection with the    In the autumn of I867, having completed
city councils of Bath for three successive years, his labors on the "Obstetrics," and carried
two of which he served as President.  For that work through the press, he was elected
two years he was a member of the Board of to the chair of Pathology in the same college,
Aldermen, serving both years as President of thus being obliged, the second time in two
the Board.  He has been elected for several years, to prepare an entirely new course of
successive years as City Physician, and is, at lectures as they were delivered.  Under this
this time, attending physician at the Soldiers  accumulation of labors, his health broke down
Orphans' Home, a State institution located in  completely; and in March, I868, he resigned
Bath.                                      his professorship, gave up the charge of the
J-a/hnemannian, and retired into the country
to recruit.  Travelling in various places, and
R O S T, JAMES  H. P., A. M., employing his leisure moments in the prepaM. D., of Danville, Pa., the el- ration of reports for the American Institute
dest son of the late Rev. Charles of Homceopathy, the Pennsylvania State, and
Frost, was born in Bethel, Me., Central New  York Homceopathic Medical
May 24th, 1825. He entered Bowdoin Col- Societies, of all of which he is an active
lege in 1842, and spent his junior and senior member; in contributing to the homceopathic
years at Amherst, Mass., where he was gra- medical press, and in other literary labors, his



~58   ~         BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPADIA OF
health is partially restored, and he has re- was urged by Dr. S. A. Robinson, of La
sumedhis practice, located in Danville, Mon-  Porte, in the spring of i868, to enter his
tour county, Pa.                           office as his assistant. In the autumn of that
The literary labors of Dr. Frost have been  year, he went to Chicago, and attended the
of great service to and are highly appreciated  winter course of lectures in the Hahnemann
by the profession.  His ripe scholarship and  Medical College, passed his examinations in
depth of thought are apparent in all the pro- the following spring, and in view of his preductions of his pen; and the vigor of his in- vious education was graduated.  He, at once,
tellect is well displayed in the force and clear- became associated with his brother, Dr. G. D.
ness with which he sets forth his own views, Bebee, in his practice, and continued this conor explains those of others. There is scarcely  nection until April, 1872; with the exception
a journal of our school published in this  of the winter of I869-'70, which was spent
country that has not been enriched by his con- in surgical studies at Bellevue Hospital Metributions. Dr. Frost is agenial, warm-hearted  dical College, N. Y., where he again graman, and one ever ready to serve a friend.    duated with the class of 1870.
Dr. Bebee was married March 3d, 1870,
to Miss Frances L. Northway.  He is now
engaged in successful independent practice,
EBEE, ALBERT GARY, A. M., devoting special attention to surgery, in which
Ml. D., of Chicago, Ills., was born  he has evinced great proficiency and skill.
in Newark, N.J., May 2 1st, I843.
He is of American parentage, his
ancestors having lived in the United States for
several generations.  His preparatory course        EIDHARD, CHARLES, M. D.,
was had at the Ganesee Wesleyan Seminary,             of Philadelphia, Pa., was born in
from which he entered the Genesee College in          Bremen, Germany, in 18og, and
1859.  After one year's residence, he went to         he is a step-son of the eminent
Chicago, where he had the management of a political economist and refugee, Professor List,
homceopathic pharmacy until the fall of i86i. whom he accompanied in his exile to SwitzerHe entered the army as a private in the 5Ist land and this country.  The professor's emiIllinois Volunteers, in that year. During his gration was at the instance of his friend, Geneservice, he was engaged in the medical de- ral Lafayette: and followed Dr. Neidhard's
partment, either in hospitals, or in the office  admission to the higher gymnasium at Stuttof the Medical Director of the 2oth and I4th  gart.
Army Corps.  In March, i863, he was dis-    Commencing the study of medicine with
charged for physical disability, and resumed  Isaac Heister, M. D., of Reading, in this
his collegiate studies. He graduated at the  State, and continuing it for three and a half
Genesee College, in i866. He received also, courses at the University of Pennsylvania, two
in 187 I, the ad euntlzdemz degree of A. M., firom  sessions of the Philadelphia Medical Institute,
the University of Syracuse. After graduation, and the clinical lectures of the Pennsylvania
he became the Principal of the Theresa Union  Hospital for two years, Dr. Neidhard was
and High School, but his health becoming  seriously ill from  over-application, after his
affected, he was compelled to resign in April, graduation.  He consulted Dr. W. Wessel1867, and acted for the ensuing year as tra- hoeft, of Bath, Pa., a personal friend who had
velling agent for a Life Insurance Company in  adopted homoeopathy.  His own recovery and
Indiana and Illinois.  Having for several his physician's arguments led him in the same
years previous devoted considerable time to  course. As Professor List had been made
medical and chemical studies, especially with  United States Consul to Leipzig, Saxony, Dr.
a view  of making a specialty of surgery, he  Neidhard followed him, and there thoroughly









HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               59
mastered the study and became a member of upon the professional and the public mind.
the Leipzig Medical Society, in 1835. He  Such a career is its own all-sufficient monuafterwards graduated at Jena.              ment.
Returning to America, in I836, Dr. Neidhard commenced the practice of homceopathy
in  Philadelphia, and, excepting visits to          ROOKS, CHARLES  A., M.D.,
Europe, has remained there permanently since.         of Clinton, Mass., was born in
His European visits were to the great hospi-          Roxbury, N. H., January 23rd,
tals of the great capitals, to learn every ad-        1823.  Soon after his birth, his
vance. This knowledge he embodied in a parents removed to Keene, N. H. Here,
course of three lectures, that were published  much the larger part of his life was passed
in the style of " Homceopathy in England, until he commenced the practice of medicine.
France and Germany, with a Glance at Allo- His early education was received in the compathic Men and Things."  In 1837, he gra- mon schools and academy, where he laid the
duated at the Allentown Homceopathic Me- foundation on which to build the superstrucdical College, and received an honorary de- ture of a successful practice of medicine.
gree from the Hahnemann College of Chicago. After several years passed in mechanical purHe was one of the original members of the  suits, he entered the office of Dr. W. B. ChamAmerican Institute of Homceopathy.  Ap- berlin, in I853, under whose auspices and
pointed Professor of Clinical Medicine in the  instructions he prepared for his medical course
Homceopathic Medical College of Philadel- of lectures. His first course he attended at
phia, he lectured regularly for three years. Castleton, Vt., where he derived great benefit
In addition to these labors he has enriched  from  his instruction.  He then entered the
the medical literature of the country, both as Homceopathic College of Medicine, in Philaco-editor with Dr. Hering, of the first Phila- delphia, where he graduated in the spring of
delpAhia Yournal of Homzceopathy, and as a  I857. Immediately on his graduation, M ay
contributor of much practical matter to Hem- 7th, 1857, he went to Clinton, Mass., where,
pel's edition of "Jahr's Manual," and of  during nearly sixteen years, he has labored
numerons articles to various journals repre- faithfully in his profession, earning the consenting his own school; the latter noticeable  fidence of the community, and the substantial
for their practical character and exemption  returns, which flow to the honored physician
from theorizing.                           in a large and lucrative practice.
His treatise on " Diphtheria in the United    Dr. Brooks has been twice married, having
States " is admirable and exhaustive, and is one son and one daughter.  The son is a
regarded in England and America as one of physician, practising in East Boston.
the best ever published; and his essay, en-    Dr. Brooks is a member of the American
titled, "Where do we stand?  How can we  Institute of Homoeopathy, and of the Massabest promote the scientific progress of Homce- chusetts Homceopathic Medical Society. He
opathy? " was published in the Britisk Your- was one of the founders of the Worcester
nao of Homzopzathy, in I869. In this essay, County Homceopathic Medical Society, of
he defends with signal ability his opinion that which he was President for one year.  His
the similarity of the remedy must correspond  practice is a large one, evidencing his ability
not only with the symptoms, but with the  in his profession. It is to be regretted that
deeper pathological stats, as far as this can be we have no knowledge of any productions
ascertained, and that this is essential to the from his pen, as contributions to the medical
success of the homceopathic treatment. These  literature of the day. His large and active
views, based upon a strong common sense, and  service in homeeopathy must be replete with
written from thorough acquaintance with the  valuable lessons, which his profession and the
subject, have produced a deep impression  public would be glad to receive.



60                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
ICHARDSON, E. T., M. D., of  the homceopathists. The rapidity with which
Brooklyn, N. Y., was born in  the principles of the new school were advancDanvers, Essex county, Mass., on  ing, and the great success which attended
September I2th, I814. His father, their practice, induced a careful and candid
Captain Edward Richardson, was well known  examination of the system, in order more
and highly esteemed as a ship-master in the fully to understand its teachings. Determined
port of New York, and was for many years not to prejudge the system, but resolved to
prominently identified with the New York  give it a most patient and candid examinaPort Society; the American Seaman's-Friend  tion, he sent to New York for homceopathic
Society, and many other philanthropic and  books and medicines. The books were carebenevolent enterprises among seamen. He  fully studied; and, as the principles avowed
died in April, 1872, at the age of eighty-three  in these seemed perfectly rational, he tried the
years.                                   effect of the medicines upon his patients,
Dr. Richardson was graduated at Brown  whom he kept in ignorance of his plans. His
University, R. I., in the fall of I835. On  success during several months was so concompleting his collegiate course, he entered  vincing, that he had no hesitation in avowthe office of Dr. Gurdon Breck, an eminent ing his thorough adoption of and adhesion
surgeon in New York city, and graduated at to the homceopathic system. Of course the
the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New  announcement of his change of views and of
York in the spring of 1839. In the fall before his practice was received by his allopathic brethgraduation, he entered the New York Hospi- ren very differently. Many sneered at their
tal as assistant to the resident physician. In  conversion to what they considered a precithe spring of I840, he succeeded to the post ous humbug, while others came to inquire
of resident physician for one year.  The  and learn.
position and practice were of inestimable   In the spring of I855, he removed from
value to him when he entered upon his more  Syracuse to Brooklyn, where he still continprivate practice. On completing his term of ues the practice of his profession, and has a
service in the hospital in the spring of I84I, large and lucrative practice.
he located in what was then the village of   In politics, Dr. Richardson is a RepubliSyracuse, Onandago county, N. Y., and there  can, as he had been a member of the Whig
commenced the practice of his profession. In  party. He has never held any political office,
the autumn following he was married to  and has not the slightest desire to hold one.
Susan P. Smith, of Hadley, Mass., who con- His energies are all given to the duties of his
tinued his faithful friend and sympathiser profession, which he finds ample enough for
until her decease, on October 3d, 1872.  the employment of all his time and strength.
Dr. Richardson continued the practice of
medicine according to the principles of allopathy, successfully performing his laborious
work, until the summer of 1848. About two         ORNELL, GEORGE  BOARD
years before this, he had formed a partner-         MAN, M. D., of Jersey City,
ship with Dr. Lyman Clery, and their busi-          N. J., was born in Dukes county,
ness rapidly and steadily increased, surpass-       Mass., April 24th, I833.
ing that of the other physicians of the place.   He enjoyed the advantages of a superior
At that time homceopathy began to engage  classical education. In 1857, he became a
the attention of the people of that county, student at the Madison University, and there
and to disturb very greatly the equaniminity  was graduated. In I86I, he entered the meof the physicians who had been trained in  dical department of the University of the
the older school, and who had the annoyance  City of New York, from which he was graof seeing many of their patients pass over to  duated, in i864, with honor and distinction.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          6i
He pursued allopathic practice until I866, others, have won to him  hosts of friends
and held the position of Physician to the Ly- whose good opinions are golden to any man.
ing-in Asylum of the City of New York for   He was chosen President of the Bristol
one year, and that of Physician to the chairs County Homceopathic Medical Society on its
on Diseases of Children and of Women and  organization in I867, and delivered before
Children in the North Western and Demitt this body an inaugural address on the status
Dispensaries for two years. During these of homceopathy in this country, a copy of
years he investigated homceopathy, and, in  which was requested by the society, and pub1869, adopted it. He now very successfully  lished in the New England Medical Gazelle.
practises in Bergen, N. J.
ELL, JAMES  BACHELDER,
LARKE, JOHN LEWIS, M. D.,                  M. D., of Augusta, Me., was
of Fall River, Mass., is one of a        born  in  Monson, Piscataquis
family whose habitual instincts          county, Me., February 2Ist, 1838.
are wholly in sympathy with the  His father, a graduate of Amherst College,
study and practice of medicine. He is a son  a lawyer, from Berkshire, Mass., was of Engof Peleg Clarke, M. D., and was born in the  lish-Irish descent. Ill health prevented his
town of Scituate, R. I., on November 3oth, entrance upon a college course, for which he
I812.                                    was prepared in the Monson Academy; but
His early education was received at the began the study of medicine with his uncle
common schools of his State, which were Dr. William C. Bell, of Middletown, Conn.
early celebrated for their thoroughness and  He completed his course of study in the
efficiency.  He then entered the Friends' Homceopathic Medical College of PennsylBoarding School in Providence, and subse- vania, graduating in I859.  In June followquently became a member of an English and  ing, he sailed for Bremen, and thence to
Classical Academy in Kingston, R. I. On  Vienna, where he spent a year in diligent
leaving school, being undetermined in his study at the Allgemeines Krankenhaus, with
choice of a vocation, he passed several years occasional visits to the Homceopathic Hospialternately in teaching school, and in mechani- tals. After travelling somewhat, and visiting
cal occupations. The acquaintance thus ob- Various hospitals, he returned and practised
tained with the business of the world, and  ten months in Skowhegan, Me., his father's
with human nature proved of inestimable  home, and then selected Augusta, Me., as his
value to him when he ultimately decided  place of residence, where he has continued
upon the profession of medicine. For this in successful practice. In I862, he passed
he was prepared by a regular and systematic  an examination before the allopathic board,
course of study under the judicious direction  preparatory to his entering the service as a
of his father, and was thus qualified for admis- surgeon, and was accepted, although circumsion to the Homceopathic Medical College in  stances hindered his engagement in that
Philadelphia, where he graduated honorably  capacity. In I863 he married Miss Pauline
in I854.                                 Robinson of Skowhegan, by whom he has
He then located at Fall River, Mass., com- three children. Dr. Bell has engaged actively
menced practice, and soon made for himself  in the practice of medicine, giving the prefea good position. His faithful adherence to rence to surgery. He was examining surgeon
the principles of homceopathy; his steady  for the pension office from i863 to I866; and
devotion to their practice; his intelligent and  city physician from  I867 to I868. During
manly advocacy of the science; and his this time he examined several thousand discourtesy and urbanity to his patients and  charged soldiers, and was obliged to resign



62                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
his office on account of his private practice. proving satisfactory, came out as a homoeopath.
He published a work on the " Homoeopathic  He imagined that he would be deserted and
Treatment of Diarrhcea," in I869; and has have plenty of time to study, but there being
written forlThe various medical journals. He  no homceopathic phisician nearer than Bingis a member of several medical societies. In  hampton, a distance of seventy miles, he soon
medicine he is Hahnemannian; in religion, found his time fully occupied; in fact so poEvangelical; and in politics, Republican.  pular did the practice prove, despite the attacks of the allopaths, that four years hard
work and study had so broken down his nervous system as to necessitate a rest, and ultiARDNER, A.-P., M. D., of Glen- mately his present retirement. After travelhome, Luzerne county, Pa., was ling in South America and other countries for
born in Orange county, N. Y., nearly a year, he located in Scranton, about
May I2th, I8i6.  His father was 1855, and resumed. practice, ever bearing in
a farmer; other members of the family fol- mind Dr. Kirby's injunction to use nothing
lowed professions. His early education was below the third dilution, to often try as high
received in the district school. When seven- as the thirtieth, and gradually go on up to the
teen, he was thrown upon his own resources hundredth, but never be satisfied without seethrough the death of his father.  By his ing medicinal action or effect. About this
mother's advice, he maintained his studies time, in conversation with a prominent alloeven while working upon the farm, writing  path, he talked of forming a homceopathic
out lessons in grammar, philosophy, geography, society in the county. Immediately the alloand chemistry at night, and learning them  path set to work to form one of his brethren;
while ploughing next day. In the course of this caused Dr. Gardner to do the same, and
time, he became a school teacher; subse- the result was the organization (December
quently continued his studies in the Decker- 27th, 1855) of the Homoeopathic Medical
town Academy, N. J., and on leaving there, Association, the first ever formed in the county.
devoted himself to medicine under the tuition  In 1859, he moved from Scranton to the neighof J. Harvey Horton, M. D., of Minisink, borhood of his present residence, Glenhome,
for two years. After attending a course of and on its completion moved in, and has since
lectures at Fairfield Medical College, entered  devoted himself to farming, stock, and trout
the office of Dr. S. B. Barlow, M. D., of and fruit raising with eminent success. He
Florida, Orange county, N. Y., who was has lately invented what he terms a "fermenstudying homceopathy, of which his pupil tation guard," to be applied to closed vessels
would have none. He graduated in the spring  containing fermentable liquors, for the preserof I841, at the old Crosby Street Medical vation of both vessels and liquids.
College, New York; removed to Carbondale,   He was married in 1844, at Carbondale,
Pa., and for ten years practised allopathy, op- to Elizabeth Good Gardner, who died in I850,
posing the new system. All at once, he de- and in 1855 to Mary Augusta Tremper, daughtermined to learn how to treat croup and scar- ter of Judge Tremper, of Western New York,
latina as well as he found parents doing, with  now residing near Philadelphia.
nothing but a homoeopathic book and small   Politically, Dr. Gardner was a consistent
case of medicines. He consulted Dr. Kirby, Democrat, voting for Jackson in opposition to
of New York, bought about $30 worth of Clay. At the time of Lincoln's nomination for
books, and a pocket-case of medicines; was the second term, he ranged himself on the
advised by him to read " Hahnemann's Orga- side of the Union. Now he again works for
non" attentively, and then try some of the  Union Democracy.  Since his residence at
medicines according to the other books. He  Glenhome, hie has been twice elected School
read the "Organon" twice, and his tests Director, being President or Secretary of the






acivi,' ~I'?'ij,~ 
PI
elect~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i
MT! ~ ~ ~  ~



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                             63
Board each term; has twice been elected  known as "Timothy Titcomb."  After four
Township Auditor, and more recently was years of successful practice in Springfield, he
asked to accept the presidency of a Horse  removed to the new town of Holyoke, where
Company, of which he is a member, whose he remained for two and a half years, when,
duty it is to see that stolen horses in the dis- from failing health, he was obliged to journey
trict are recovered by the proper officers for South, where his health was materially benethat purpose. The doctor was always fond  fited, and he returned North.  Stopping at
of a fine horse.                           Philadelphia to take a course of lectures at
During the earlier portion of his homce- the Filbert St. Homceopathic School, he beopathic practice, he was often called upon to  came an enthusiastic disciple of homceopathy.
defend the doctrines of the illustrious Hahne- After he had thoroughly regained his health
mann, and with that view contributed a series by the use of homceopathic remedies, he reof able articles on the subject of the compa- turned to Pittsfield, in the winter of I849-'50,
rative value of homceopathy and allopathy to  and commenced the practice which he has
the press of Carbondale and Scranton. On  since continued.
leaving these places, he took especial care to   In May, I846, he was married to Miss Caobtain physicians to fill his place with whom  roline W. Goodrich, daughter of the late Levi
he could confidently entrust the cause of ho- Goodrich, Esq., whose family were among
mceopathy.                                 the early pioneers of Western Massachusetts.
Dr. Gardner was the pioneer of homceopa- He has one son now living.
thy throughout the entire Lackawanna Valley.    The characteristics of Dr. Bailey are indomitable energy and perseverance, superior
perceptive faculties, acute knowledge of disease and its remedies, and a sound judgment
AILEY, CHARLES, M. D., of of means to be applied. Being a good diagnosPittsfield, Mass., was born ill East tician also, he is one of the best as he is
Medway, Norfolk county, Mass., one of the most successful practitioners of the
September 2nd, I82I.  His father age. He was a pioneer of homceopathy in
was Rev. Luther Bailey, and his grandfather the place of his present residence, and, locatIsrael Bailey, who emigrated to this country  ing in a town where an allopathic college
from Bristol, England.  Dr. Bailey was edcu- existed, he had more than the usual opposition
cated at Brown University, Providence, R. I., to the new practice to overcome.  He has
and studied medicine with Dr. Nathaniel lived to see the college fade away, and the
Miller, originally a partner of Dr. John War- principles of Hahnemann triumph in their
ren, of Boston. He took his first course of adoption by the larger portion of the edumedical lectures at Mason St. College, Boston, cated and thinking community.
and subsequently had charge of Dr. Miller's    As a surgeon, Dr. Bailey is eminently suchospital for two years.  He acquired additi- cessful, but his extensive medical practice preonal experience in practice at the Chelsea Ma- cludes his attention to this department of his
rine Hospital, and finished his allopathic edu- profession, and he attends only such cases as
cation with Dr. Henry H. Childs, President present unusual claims upon his services.
of the Berkshire Medical College of Pittsfield, Having travelled in Europe and the West InMass., at which institution he graduated in  dies, as a relaxation from the cares of business,
November, 1843, with the highest honors in  he has kept pace with the discoveries and ima school of one hundred and seventy-five, provements in medicine, and is thoroughly
having been unanimously chosen to deliver read in the medical literature of the day. His
the valedictory  address.  He commenced  extensive engagements have hindered his conpractice in Springfield, Mass., the same year tributing to the periodical literature, although
in company with Dr. J. G. Holland, familiarly  strenuously urged to do so by publishers, who



64                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
are acquainted with his ability as a writer, commenced the study of medicine, having
and his large experience as a practitioner.    become in the meanwhile a convert to homceHe is the owner of the celebrated Grey- opathy. He attended the two full courses
lock Hall, formerly known as Sand Springs, of lectures at the Cleveland Homceopathic
a watering place situated in Williamstown, Medical College from I85I to I853, and was
Mass., which has been erected, furnished, graduated in the spring of 1853. In May
and conducted by him in addition to the he began practice in Utica, N. Y., in comheavy burden of his ordinary professional pany with Lucien B. Wells, M. D., an old
duties.                                  friend, and former student of his father.
Dr. Bailey possesses remarkable social In I859, he removed to Detroit, where he
qualities, great magnetic power, and has, has since successfully fulfilled the duties of
consequently, strong and decided friends, and  his profession. He received the degree of
is beloved and trusted by his patients, and the  A. M., from his Almna Mater, Union College,
profession at large. A firm  friend of the  Schenectady, in 1854; and was first Vicefriendless, he contributes to institutions which  President of the  Homceopathic  Medical
have for their object the relief and support Society of the State of Michigan, for one
of the widow and orphan.  He is prompt year, and its President the year following.
and punctual in his attentions, and the high- He is an occasional contributor to some of
ways and by-ways of Berkshire attest his the medical journals.
faithfulness in storm, heat, and cold. The
blessings of the community in which he
resides attend him.
ELLS, LUCIEN  B., M. D., of
Utica, N. Y., was born in Pompey,
Onondaga county, N. Y., OctoOMEROY, THOMAS FULLER,                     ber 8th, I8IO. His father, Asa
A. M., M. D., of Detroit, Mich., Wells, Esq., was a prominent citizen of the
was born May I Ith, I816, in  county, having held many important posiCooperstown, Otsego county, N. tions of trust and responsibility. Dr. Wells
Y. His father, the' late Theodore Pomeroy, was educated in the Academy of Pompey,
M. D., of Utica, N. Y., and his maternal and received his medical instruction in the
grandfather, the late Thomas Fuller, M. D., Medical College of Fairfield, N. Y., where
of Cooperstown, N. Y., practised medicine  he was graduated in February, I83I. His
for many years, with credit to the profession, elementary instruction in medicine was comand with high reputation  to themselves. menced in I827, in the office of Dr. Pomeroy,
After six years spent in boarding school, he  in Utica, and continued under Dr. John P.
entered Hamilton College in Clinton, N. Y. Batcheller with whom he was associated in
in 1832; and at the end of his junior year, practice for two years after his graduation.
joined the senior class of Union College, He practised in Pompey and elsewhere in
Schenectady, N. Y., where he graduated in  Onondaga county for seventeen years.  In
I836. The purpose of his earlier life had  I846, his attention was drawn to homeopathy
been the study and practice of medicine; by his friends, and, giving it a thorough
but at the time of his graduation he aban- examination and equally thorough practical
doned this, with the view of pursuing mercan- test, he became a convert to the new system.
tile occupations. After reading law one year He had become wearied and disgusted with
in Utica, N. V., he went to Cleveland, O., the contradictions and uncertainties of alloin I837, and entered upon a mercantile career, pathy, and had any legitimate means been
which in fourteen years not proving as attrac- presented to him by which he might have
tive or successful as he had anticipated, he procured a living, he would have resorted to



HOMCEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONTS.                       6;
it and abandoned the practice of medicine. versity in 1823, in the same class with Chief
But he found in the practice of homceopathy  Justice Ames of R. I., George D. Prentice,
and in its principles, the stability and satis- the distinguished editor of the Louisville
faction which under allopathy he had never  7ournal, and Judge Mellen, of Mass.
been able to find, and his success has been    He was admitted to the bar, but engaged
most gratifying. As soon as his adoption of to only a limited extent in the practice of his
the new system was announced, he, with Drs. profession. His life was devoted pre emi
Lyman Clary, and S. Seward, of Syracuse, nently and almost exclusively to politics
and Dr. E. F. Richardson of Brooklyn, late For nearly forty years he was one of the
of Syracuse, and Dr. Hurd (now deceased), most active and prominent politicians in
late of Fayetteville, N. Y., who were mem- Rhode Island, and probably no individual
bers of the Onondaga County Medical Society, has ever exerted a greater influence in its
each received a copy of the following notice: local politics.
Few men in Rhode Island have written as
"You are hereby notified to appear at a much on political topics as Mr. Watson.' The
special meeting of the Onondaga  County
special omeieting of thed Onoatdaga County most elaborate of these writings were a series
Medical Society, to be held at the Syracuse
House, in the city of Syracuse, on Tuesday, of papers first published in the Providence
the Ioth day of September, next, at IO o'clock  DZaiy y7ournal, in I844, over the signature
A. M., to show cause why you should not be of " Hamilton," which were afterwards colexpelled from  said society for practising  lected and printed in a pamphlet form.
homceopathy, which by this society is deemed
guackery.         ABRAM HAHN, Secy.   The doctrines then held by the Whig party,
" Syracuse, August 28th, 1847."        of which he was ever the devoted champion
in Rhode Island, were there explained and
The parties thus arraigned, met at the vindicated with remarkable force and vigor.
time and place appointed, but found no allo- He died in I864, after an unsullied life, and
pathic physicians present to prove the charge. none ever questioned the integrity or the
It appears that having consulted legal coun- ability with which he discharged the duties
sel, they had concluded to let the matter of the numerous and varied public offices
drop, particularly as the accused were resolved  which he held.
to test the legality of it in the courts, had any    On the paternal side, Dr. Watson is deunfavorable action been had. He removed  scended from the oldest, most respectable,
to Utica in I85I, and has, so far, maintained  and most distinguished families in Rhode
an honorable position in the profession, hav- Island, among whom may be named the
ing been President of the State Society in  Wantons, Hasards, Robinsons, and Browns,
1870, and held other important trusts. He  who at a period anterior to the Revolution
is now President of the Central. New York  were the largest land-holders in the southern
Homoeopathic Medical Association, one of portion of that State, and were noted for disthe most important and useful working  pensing an elegant and princely hospitality,organizations in the United States.      forming a genial and polished society, when
the city of Providence was but a small and
inconsiderable village. He is the lineal descendant in the fifth degree of Gosemer
ATSON, WILLIAM   HENRY, Gideon Wanton, the Colonial Governor of
A. M., M. D., of Utica, N. Y., Rhode Island, I745 to 1747, being the fifth
was born in Providence, R. I., of the family who had occupied that position
November 8th, I829. He is the previous to the American Revolution. John
only son of the late Hon. William Robinson  Watson, who was the original ancestor of
Watson, and Mary Anne Watson.           this family of Watsons, came to this country
His father was graduated at Brown Uni- from England about I68o.
5



66                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPZEDIA  OF
Dr. Watson was graduated at Brwu-n Uni- by the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, "have
versity, with distinction, in 1852. During  been wholly subversive of the fundamental
his collegiate course he was particularly noted  principles of our free government."
for his fondness of, and proficiency in the    On the I3th of February, 1872, he delivclassical languages of antiquity. His origi- ered an address before the State Medical
nal dissertations in the Latin and Greek, ob- Society at Albany on " The Homceopathic
tained for him  the highest prizes in those  School; the Modern School of Rational and
departments of collegiate study.           Liberal Medicine," which, while it aroused
From his earliest youth he had shown a the hostile criticism  of the bigoted, gained
love of, and aptitude for the medical profes- for him, by its liberal and catholic spirit, the
sion. Immediately after his graduation, he  approval of the liberal-minded members of
entered upon its study, in the office of Dr. both the allopathic and homoeopathic schools.
A. H. Okie, a distinguished physician of    He is a member of the Board of ExaminProvidence. After attending lectures at the  ers appointed by the Regents of the UniverHomceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl- sity of the State of New York, under the
vania, the University of Pennsylvania, and  Act of May I6th, I872, to examine candidates
the Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia,.for the degree of " Doctor of Medicine of the
he received his medical degree in March,  University of the State of New York," and
I854, and immediately located in Utica, N. examiner in the department of " Clinical
Y., where he has now an extensive and influ-  M1edicine" (embracing Diagnosis and Paential practice.                           thology).
Dr. Watson was one of the founders of the    Dr. Watson was married to Miss Sarah F.
Homceopathic Medical Society of Oneida  Carlile of Providence, R. I., May Ist, I854.
county, and was elected its President October
I6th, I86o. He delivered the address at the
reorganization of the Homceopathic Medical         OLLAND, H. N., M. D., of JefferSociety of New York, in the city of Albany,          sonville, Ind., was born in the
February 28th, I86I.  On the I2th of Feb-            town of Chemung, State of New
ruary, I868, he was elected President of the         York, November Ioth, I807. His
last named society, and delivered the annual father died when he was a babe. His mother,
address before it February 9th, I869.     the daughter of a nobleman's son, married
Dr. Watson is particularly distinguished as her second husband, I8IO; and removed to
the advocate of a higher standard of medical Ohio near Dayton in I812.
education, and as the able and uncompromis-!Having a step-father, he was thrown upon
ing opponent of sectarianism  in medicine. his own resources at an  early age. He
To the influence of his pen is largely attri- acquired his education, both literary and probutable the speedy removal in April, 187I, fessional, by his unaided individual efforts;
of Dr. H. Van Aernam, Commissioner of  living in the country until nearly nineteen
Pensions, who had, as Dr. Watson believed, years of age by manual labor on a farm.
abused his power to subserve the interests of    His love of books led him to devote his evenhis sect, by removing homceopathic physi- ings and other intervals of leisure to study. In
cians from  the office of Pension Surgeons, this manner he acquired those qualifications
because they " did not belong to the school which fitted him for the career of usefulness
of medicine recognized by the bureau;"  and influence he was destined to enjoy. On
thus " seeking to commit the National Gov- October IIth, 1829, he was married, by the
ernment to the pernicious principle of estab- Rev. David S. Burnet, to Miss Elizabeth
lishing sectarian tests as a qualification for Wooderman.  During two years following
office;" a course which, had it been allowed  he had charge of his step-father's grocery
to pass unrebuked, would, as was well stated  store. At the age of thirty-one, he attended



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            67
a regular course of medicine at the Eclectic was thought best that as many of the six boys
Institute in Cincinnati. After practising me- as possible should learn trades, so as to be
dicine in that city a short time, he removed, soon able to contribute to their own support.
in I837, to Scott county, Ind., where he prac- In accordance with this decision the subject
tised allopathy nine years. In 1846, he was of this sketch was apprenticed to the business
elected to the Indiana State Legislature, serv- of carriage and ornamental painting. After
ing with honor.  He removed, its 1848, to  finishing his apprenticeship, his health failed
Jeffersonville; and the following year gra- him, the trouble being an affection of the
duated with distinguished honors in the Louis- throat.  Having endured a long course of
ville Medical University. He established a mercurial and other drugging, the free use of
good practice.  In 1855, he was induced to  the knife and caustic to the throat, he set to
investigate homceopathy. From a thorough  work in his leisure moments, morning and
examination of the principles and tests of re- evening, to study throat affections and their
medies, he yielded to the force of the evidence  treatment, convinced that there must be some
and avowed his conversion. He was first to  better method of treating bronchitis and diphintroduce the truths of sirnilitz siizilibzts in  theria than the rough treatment he was underthe city of Jeffersonville, Ind., and was ad- going at the hands of the "regulars."  At
mitted a member of the American Institute  length he made the acquaintance of a homceof Homoeopathy.                            opathic physician in Springfield, Mass., and
He has attained a sound reputation and a sought his advice. That practitioner's treatlarge practice. With singular ability, he has ment being based upon scientific principles,
served as a member of the City Council of he recovered speedily.  His previous medical
Jeffersonville, and as School Trustee.     studies having given him a taste for the proHis character as a Christian stands high in  fession, and his cure having converted him to
the community, and is held in honor in the  homceopathy, he, on resuming work at his
Presbyterian Church, of which he has been  trade, set himself earnestly to the study of
a prominent and active member for many  medicine with a view to practising it. Being
years; and his labors in the cause of religion  without money or influential friends, he was
have been productive of much good.         compelled to labor for his support, and so for
His natural fondness for children, and his two years rose early and sat up late to acquire
devotion to the spiritual welfare of the little'the much coveted knowledge. Having at the
ones, induced him, in I868, to organize a  expiration of that period, during which he
Mission Sabbath School, which has continued  steadily persevered, regardless of the banter
ever since under his zealous care and super- of his friends and shopmates, saved sufficient
vision, in a prosperous condition.         money, he entered himself as a student at the
January 27th, I873, his dear wife died, la- Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia.
mented by a vast community of friends, whom  He completed his course in March, 1857, and
she won by a life of fidelity and Christian be- settled down to practice as assistant to Dr.
nevolence.  She left three children-one son  Samuel Shaw, of Palmer, Mass., who, after
and two daughters.  The son is a graduate, practising allopathy for twenty-seven years,
and is practising homceopathy.             had discarded it and become a warm advocate
of homceopathy.  Six months later he removed to Warren, Mass., at the solicitation
ORBES, GEORGE F., M.D., of  of a number of its citizens. After four years
West Brookfield, Mass., was born  of a struggling practice there, he shifted to
in Belchertown, Mass., on Fe- West Brookfield, Mass., where he has resided
bruary 9th, I831.  His father, for over twelve years, and has secured a very
Ornan Forbes, being in feeble health, and hav- large country practice. The present high poing a family of nine children to maintain, it sition to which he has attained is due entirely



68                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP./EDIA  OF
to his own unaided efforts. He is a very skil- unpopularity of the new system, that his friends
ful and conscientious physician, and has won  feared he would damage his professional chathe esteem of the whole community in which. racter, as well as his pecuniary interests.
he lives. The success which has attended  These anticipations were not realized.  His
his treatment of disease, has brought homce- practice, so far from diminishing, steadily inopathy into great favor in that section of the  creased, and became far more lucrative.
country.                                   When asked, three years afterward, if he had
never had misgivings in view of his change
his emphatic reply was, " Never! It has always
ALMER, W. C., M. D., of New  been with me cause for hearty thanksgiving to
York, was born in New Jersey, God that I have since been enabled to relieve
February 9th, I804. In his in- human suffering as never before."
fancy, his parents removed to    During a period of nearly thirty years, Dr.
New York city, where the larger part of his Palmer continued to enjoy increasing satislife has been spent. When quite young his faction and prosperity in his profession. Hayvmind was directed to the study of divinity, ing secured a competency, he has withdrawn
but looking upon a physician as one who has within the past ten years from the arduous
a large and valuable field forusefulnesshardly  duties of an active practice, and has been
second to that of a clergyman, he decided  largely occupied in evangelistic labors in this
apon the study of medicine, and made his and foreign lands.  His elevated character as
literary course subservient to his proficiency  a Christian gentleman has thrown its adornin that department.  He completed his aca- ings over his character as a physician. Always
demic course with honor to himself, and with  cheerful, and often humorous, he carried an
the approbation of his teachers, and then en- atmosphere of pleasantness into the house of
tered the office of Dr. Hosack, extensively  suffering, where his hopeful words have proved
known for eminence in his profession, and as a powerful auxiliary to his prescriptions.
President of the College of Physicians and
Surgeons of New York.  His medical studies
completed, he graduated in I825, and, having
entered upon a valuable practice, he was mar-      ISSON, EDWARD  R., M. D., of
ried, in I827, to Miss Phoebe Worrall.  His           New Bedford, Mass., was born in
business continued to increase, and he was            Westport, in that State, September
soon able to command a good and remunera-             2nd, I828. He entered the pubtive practice as an allopathic physician, the  lic schools of New Bedford in his ninth year,
demands upon his time being fully equal to  and remained until he was twenty, when he
his ability. In 1838, when he had attained  gratified a longing for a maritime life, and
an elevated position as an allopathic practi- spent three years at sea.  On his return, failtioner, and when his prospects were the most ing health brought him  into contact with his
flattering, he made some most successful test- valued friend and future preceptor, Dr. M. B.
ings in homceopathic medicines, in cases in  Roche.  The speedy cure effected, and the
which the allopathic remedies had utterly  warm interest evinced in him by the doctorfailed. The results thus far were so remarka- for whom he has ever had the warmest affec
ble that he felt it his duty to the profession  tion —drew his attention to the study of me
and the public to give himself, as far as a very  dicine, which he commenced under his phylaborious practice would permit, to a careful sician's directions. Remaining with him five
study of the new school principles. He even- years, during which he attended three full
tually became fully satisfied of the truth of courses of lectures, two of which were allohomceopathy, and promptly changed his mode  pathic, he graduated at the Berkshire Medical
of practice.  So great, at that time, was the  College of Pittsfield, Mass., November, I853.



1HOMCEOPATHIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          69
He then matriculated at the Homceopathic  the drug store of Maynard & Noyes, until he
Medical College of Pennsylvania, receiving  had earned sufficient to enable him to enter
his degree of M. D. in the following March. Amherst College. In the fall of 1833, he was
He entered into partnership, immediately, appointed Professor Hitchcock's assistant in
with Dr. Roche, which continued two years, chemistry. While lecturing upon the gases,
when, Dr. Roche retiring, he was left in  the Professor stated that musical sounds could
charge of a large and lucrative practice. He be produced by holding a glass tube over a
has made for himself a sound reputation, and  burning jet of hydrogen gas, and the next
is generally much esteemed.                day young Larkin played several tunes before
Dr. Sisson is held in high esteem as a kind- the class, upon a silver lined flute, held over
hearted gentleman; is beloved by his patients; a burning jet of hydrogen gas; for which he
and maintains courteous relations with his was highly complimented by the Professor,
colleagues. He has an aptitude for art, and  with whom he evidently became a favorite.
has attained some distinction by his pictures    About this time, while assisting Professor
in crayon.                                 Snell in some electrical experiments, he connected a wire, which was nearly half a mile
in length, with a Leyden jar which was heaARKIN, LYMAN  BEECHER, vily charged; then placing a sheet of paper
A. M., M. D., of Ballston Spa, on a smooth table, he laid upon it some goldSaratoga county, N. Y., was born  leaf, upon which he then placed a piece of
in Marlborough, Mass., November paper, on which was the word Zigztning;
8th, I804.                                 over all he placed a heavy weight, and then
At the age of fourteen, he was apprenticed  by means of the wire discharged the jar upon
to a farmer and currier, but his master dying  the goldleaf, and found the word lightning
three years after, he was again at liberty. was thereby permanently gilded.
Anxious for a good education, but having no    He was with Professor Hitchcock during
friends to assist him, he started for Cambridge, his geological survey of the State of Massathinking that if near the college, something  chusetts, and was present when he first dismight turn up in his favor and he thereby be covered bird tracks in the new red sandstone
enabled to pursue his studies. The first year in the valley of the Connecticut River.
he worked as gardener for a family in the    In August, I855, Mr. Larkin finished his
neighborhood, and then secured the position  course of studies at Amherst, and, at once,
of assistant to John W. Webster, Professor of commenced the study of medicine under the
Chemistry at Harvard College, but falling ill direction of Dr. A. Hunting, of Franklin,
of typhoid fever, this desirable arrangement Mass., paying his expenses by his lectures on
was broken up. On his recovery he went to  geology, of which he delivered over two hunBoston, and engaged with a mercantile house  dred while yet a student, and with such apin that city, at a salary of $50 per year and  proval that the degree of A. M. was conferred
board. When the term for which he had en- upon him by Brown University.
gaged expired, notwithstanding he was offered    Dr. Larkin graduated in the fall of I837,
a good salary and the promise of a partner- and immediately after, was selected by Proship in three years, he determined to pursue fessor Hitchcock as his assistant in the labor
his original intention, and, with thirty dollars of analyzing the different soils of the State.
in his pocket, began his studies at the Woburn   In I838, he commenced the practice of his
Academy. While there, he abstained from  profession at Wrentham Centre. He became
tea and coffee, and has never resumed their a member of the Massachusetts Medical Souse.                                       ciety, and married Miss Jemima Richardson,
In 183I, he completed his studies at the  daughter of Hon. Joseph L. Richardson, who
academy, returned to Boston, and worked in  died in June, I850.



70                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP}EDIA  OF
Dissatisfied with the mode of practice taught until I837. Suffering from feeble health, he
by the "Old School," and independent in  disposed of his business to Dr. Benoni Carhis views, Dr. Larkin incurred the censure of penter, and went to Cincinnati.  His health
many of his colleagues, but his great success improving, he returned to the East, in 1840,
vindicated his theories.                   and resumed the practice of medicine in NorIn 1853, worn by his large practice, and  ton, Mass., thirteen miles from  Pawtucket.
desiring a change, he sold out, and invested  In that year, he was invited by Dr. Carpenter
his money in the book business on Broadway, to unite with him in partnership. This partNew York, fell among theives, and soon found  nership was discontinued by mutual consent
himself penniless.                         in about six or eight months, and he remained
He then borrowed money, returned to Mas- in Norton.  In 1842, having adopted the hosachusetts, and studied and practised homce- mceopathic system of practice, he extended
opathy with such success, as soon convinced  his rides through several towns in Bristol
him of its superior merit as a system, and of county, and into Pawtucket.  Here a question
the fundamental truths upon which it is arose between Dr. Carpenter and himself as
founded.                                  to his right to practise in the latter place. Dr.
In I856, he removed to La Salle, Ills., Barrows contended that the partnership renwhere were then fourteen allopathic physi- dered void the pledge, and that his practising
cians; eight years after, but three remained, as a homceopathist could not affect Dr. Carneither of them having sufficient business to  penter's practice as an allopathist. Dr. Carrequire a horse.                           penter maintained the contrary. The question
In I864, Dr. Larkin returned to Brooklyn, was taken up by the Massachusetts Medical
N. Y., for the purpose of establishing a ho- Society, of which both were members; and
mceopathic institute, which he successfully  under a by-law, which provided for the exconducted for four years, and then removed to  pulsion of members who were convicted of
Ballston Spa-seven miles from  Saratoga-  "gross immorality," he was expelled, because
where are several valuable mineral springs, as a homceopathist he had encroached upon
and where he has established a new institute, the ground occupied by an allopath in diswhich is now  in successful operation. In  regard of a pledge, which, by the partnership
i86o, he married Miss Hattie P. Hills, who  made subsequent to said pledge, was really
died of consumption, January, 1873.        null. He removed to Providence, R. I., in
The doctor's life has been one of constant I850, where he continues earnestly and effecendeavour, and he well deserves the success tively to extend the doctrines of homceopathy
he now enjoys.                            in partnership with Dr. Geo. D. Wilcox.
ARROWS, IRA, M. D., of Providence, R.I., was born in South           LLIS, ERASTUS R., M.D., of
Attleborough, Mass., November              Detroit, Mich., was born at Pittsi8th, 1804. Hispreparatoryedu-            town, Rensselaer county, N.Y.,
cation completed, he entered Brown Univer-            March 3rd, 1832.  He is the
sity, from which he was graduated in I824. youngest of two sons of Deacon Richard
He immediately commenced the study of me- Ellis of Otisco, Mich. The latter was born
dicine in Pawtucket, R. I. (then Mass.), with  on the homestead of his great-grandfather
Dr. Artemus Johnson. In i826-'27, he at- Richard Ellis, of Ashfield, Franklin county,
tended lectures in the medical department of  Mass., the first settler of that town about fifty
Harvard University, graduating in the latter years prior to the revolutionary war. Here
year. He commenced the practice of medi- the family suffered all the hardships incident
cine in Pawtucket, R. I., and continued there to a newly settled country, not the least of



IIOMCEEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                 71
which being those arising from the occasional of the Pension Department, until he removed
incursions of bands of hostile Indians.  The  to Detroit, in the fall of I867.
Ellis's are of Welsh extraction, and, though    His partiality for surgery had always been
settled in this country for nearly one hundred  predominant, and during the war, whilst many
and seventy years, would appear to have re-  of the prominent allopathic surgeons were
tained to a great extent the characteristic fea-  with the Army, nearly all the surgical operatures of their race, as the subject of this sketch tions within many miles of Grand Rapids
has been recognized by some who have re-  were  performed  by him.  Amongst many
cently arrived from Wales as bearing a strik- others we must not omit to mention one opeing family resemblance to those of his name  ration remarkable alike for the extraordinary
who still remain in that country.             skill and judgment displayed in its execution,
At the age of twelve years, Dr. Ellis re- and the singular nature of the case, and which
moved with his parents to Michigan, where  justly entitled him to rank with the first surhe enjoyed as liberal an education as the  geons of the country.  This was a case of
schools of the times could afford, finishing his  inversionz of the uterus of seven months standstudies at St. Mark's College, at Grand Rapids, ing.  The patient in her first labor suffered
Mich., at that time a branch of the University  the accident of inversion.  Her attendant,
of Michigan.                                  instead of returning the womb to its normal
Previously to beginning the study of medi- condition at the time, had allowed it to recine, Dr. Ellis gave considerable time to a  main in its inverted state, and when involution
course of civil engineering under the direc-  had taken place it was found to be turned
tion of the lamented Lieutenant Gunnison, inside out, so that when the patient stood upof the engineering department of the United  right, it presented itself externally.  By an
States Army, who was afterwards brutally  exceedingly ingenious contrivance, consisting
murdered by the Mormons or their emissaries  of an India-rubber bag connected with a stem
in the Western Territories.                   and cup, pressure was gradually brought to
In I853, at the age of twenty-one years, he  bear upon the uterus, during about six days,
commenced the study of medicine under the  when the womb was found to have passed uptuition of his uncle, Dr. John Ellis, then re- wards and resumed its natural position.  The
siding at Detroit, who had been the first to  radical nature and completeness of this cure
introduce the homceopathic system  into the  are fully attested by the fact that the lady has
State, creating forthe new science a reputation  since become  the mother of two healthy
in those early days, which is even at the pre-  children.
sent time often referred to by the older resi-    As is well known, the homceopathic phydents with a laudable pride.                  sicians of Michigan had been making efforts
His medical education was received in the  to obtain a recognition of their system by the
medical department of the  University of  university of that State, and as early as I855,
Michigan, and at the Homceopathic College, the Legislature passed an Act, providing " that
at Cleveland, Ohio, where he graduated in  there should always be one or more professors
the spring of I857.                           of homceopathy in the medical department of
Shortly subsequent to this event, he estab- said university."
lished himself at Grand Rapids, where he    This law the regents of the university perbuilt up a large practice, and maintained a  sistently refused to comply with, though signisound reputation.                             fying their desire to give the new system the
During five years of his residence at Grand  benefit of a connection with the university as
Rapids, he held the position of United States  a seiparate dehpartment, located in Detroit, proExamining Surgeon of Pensioners, the duties  vided this plan should prove satisfactory to the
of which he fulfilled to the entire satisfaction  homceopaths of the State, and receive the



72                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
approval of the Legislature. In order to give      ANDALL, NATHANIEL, M. D.,
the matter a practical test, and unite the phy-       of'Woodstock, Vt., was born there
sicians in carrying out a more practicable plan      July I4th, I809.  His father, Nathan the " one chair" system, the Detroit Ho-         thaniel Randall, was a ship-buildmoeopathic College was organized in the fall er, but soon after his marriage, at the age of
of I87I. The most influential physician in  thirty, turned his attention chiefly to farmpromoting this enterprise was probably Dr. ing and house-building.  Both his parents
Ellis, who was appointed, to fill the chair of were natives of Massachusetts, but removed
Surgery. He is the Secretary of the college, early to Vermont.  His ancestors on the
and to his constant and unwearying efforts are father's side were English; on the mother's,
mainly due the high standing and reputation  Irish.
to which the institution, in so short a space    Dr. Randall was the fourth of a family of
of time, has attained. The course of instruc- nine children. His early advantages of edution has been full in every department, and  cation were those of the great majority of
the favor it has gained amongst the profession  New England boys a half century ago-the
in the State has induced them almost unani- common district school, for a few months in
mously to petition the Legislature to authorize  the year only. But his opportunities, though
the regents of the university to carry out their limited, were well improved. At the age of
proposed plan.                             eighteen, he was entered as an apprentice at
The subject of our biography was married, the jewelry and watchmaking business, in
in I857, to Miss Mary Minerva Ellis, daugh- Woodstock; and after the expiration of the
ter of Edward D. Ellis, Esq., of Monroe, term of his apprenticeship, was journeyman
Mich., a gentleman extensively and favorably  for four years in various cities-Albany, N. Y.,
connected with the early history of the State. Little Falls, N. V., Newark, N. J., and city
This union has been blessed by four chil- of Washington, D. C. He then commenced
dren, three daughters and a son, and he has business for himself in Brockport, N. Y., but
found in Mrs. Ellis a helpmate of remarkable  in a short time found himself suffering seforce of character, and one universally and  verely from that terrible scourge of so many
deservedly beloved by all her friends and ac- men of sedentary habits and close application
quaintances for her amiable disposition and  -dyspepsia.  He sought the best medical aid
her many brilliant qualities.              in that part of the country; and was liberally
In i868, he published a small treatise of dosed with calomel, which he took freely, and
one hundred and fifty pages, entitled, "Ho- with unbounded confidence in the wisdom
mceopathic Family Guide, and Information  and skill of the doctors who prescribed it.
for the People," which, though mainly in- The consequences were the same as have retended for local circulation amongst his friends, sulted from the liberal administration of this
was so highly esteemed and admired by the  drug in thousands of other cases-salivation,
public and the physicians, who saw it, that the  with pain in the limbs, from which he suffered
first edition of twenty-five hundred was speed- for many years. These.sufferings naturally
ily exhausted.  He now publishes the Michi- lessened his faith in the allopathic system of
gan yournaY of Homodzopatzy, a quarterly  practice, and he resolved to know something
magazine partly intended to sustain the in- about medicine himself, and to inquire into
terests of the college with which he has been  other schools than that of allopathy. Accordso long and usefully connected.            ingly, in I847, he began to study with ProDr. Ellis has no connection with any re- fessor Benjamin Rush Palmer, President of
ligious organization, yet he strongly inclines the Medical College in Woodstock, Vt., and
to the philosophy of Swedenborg which, continued with him  three years, attending
as is well known, is a pure Spiritualism  in  meanwhile three courses of lectures, and recontradistinction from Materialism.        ceiving the degree of M,. D., in I850; and



HOMCEOPATHIC  PI-YSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            73
not long after he began practising homceopa- Here he had the misfortune to lose his wife,
thy with good success in his native town; and being earnestly requested by his old
but did not continue in practice many years, friends to settle in N. H., he gave up his
not finding the profession altogether conge- practice in Ohio, and with his infant son renial with his tastes. He still serves the cause, turned to his native State.
however, in the capacity of vender of homce-    Here he established himself, married in
opathic medicines.                         1838 Miss Eliza A. Cate, and in 1840,
Dr. Randall is a free and fearless inquirer returned to Ohio. Resuming his profession,
not only into the various systems of medical he continued to practise medicine according
practice, but into all other subjects.  In poli- to the allopathic school in which he was edutics he belongs to the Jeffersonian school; in  cated.  The attention of Dr. Morrill was
religion, to the Unitarian, modified some- first called to homceopathy in 1843, during
what by Spiritualism. He has faith in human  the prevalence of scarlet fever in his neighprogress, and is always ready to give a cor- borhood, where the large number of cures
dial welcome to new ideas.  He has been an  achieved by a single homoeopathic physician
earnest and efficient advocate of the cause of  offered a startling contrast to the fatality
temperance in his State; and _practises ter- among his patients and those of other alloperance in all things-except in speech; here  pathic doctors.
he is sometimes a little intemperate.  He is    Never having been prejudiced in favor of
a firm believer in free thought, free speech, large doses, or indeed at all bigoted in his
a free press, free suffrage (including woman's);  profession, his mind was the more readily
in phrenology, mesmerism, clairvoyance and  prepared to embrace the truths of homcespiritualism; and is an earnest advocate of  opathy.  He immediately proceeded to inall manner of reforms-political, medical, vestigate the new system which had already
scientific, social and religious; and has occa- produced better results with its infinitesimal
sionally written articles for the newspapers  doses than the old school with all its skill.
on these subjects.  On the whole, a man of    Having commenced study under Dr. Burfaith, progress and courage, and therefore  rett, who was then practising in Burton, O.,
well fitted for these new times.           each day's experience so increased his faith
in the homceopathic system that he became
an entire and sincere convert to its principles.
ORRILL, ALPHEUS, M.D., of    In I845, he introduced homeopathy into
Concord, N. H., was born at Can- Columbus, O., and in less than one vear
terbury, N. IH., June 26th, I8o8. found himself at the head of a full and flourHis father, Hon. Ezekiel Morrill, ishing business, which continued to increase,
a mall of undoubted integrity of character, until his failing health (owing to the miasma
was for several years State Counsellor and a of that region) forced him to abandon the
member of the Senate.  His wife (Betsey  second time a growing practice.
Stevens), a true woman and most excellent   Returning to New IHampshire, he sucmother, died when the subject of this sketch  ceeded Dr. Atwood, of Concord, and was for
was eleven years of age. Having completed  several years the only homoeopathic physihis literary education at Pembroke, N. H., he  cian in the city. He assisted in forming the
commenced the study of medicine under Dr. first Homceopathic Medical Society in the
James Abbott, in I829, and in 1832 finished  State, serving as President from its organizathe course at Hanover, N. H. The same  tion until I870, when the delicate state of his
year he married Miss Hannah M. Baker, of  health induced him  to resign.  Although
Loudon, N. H., and removing to Chester, thus somewhat deprived of exercising those
O., commenced the practice of his profession. duties of his profession which are at once the



74                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
pride and delight of an earnest, faithful phy- others; was placed in charge of the sick on
sician, Dr. Morrill has the satisfaction of  the voyage, and afterward of the Surgical
having educated a large number of young  Ward in General Hospital in Vera Cruz. A
men  (including his two sons), and one  severe attack of yellow fever, followed by
woman, Martha J. Flanders, M. D., of Lynn, diarrhcea, caused him to resign, and he went
Mass., all successful and some eminent prac- to Nashville, where, in I85o, he married
titioners.                                Miss Eliza P. Crosby, of Maury county.
Dr. Morrill's untiring devotion to his pro- Tenn., to which place he moved during the
fession, and adherence to true homceopathic  summer of that year. In 1856, after having
principles, his unbounded benevolence, deep  much sickness in his family, during which he
sympathy with all in affliction, and kindness lost his two sons, he became dissatisfied with
to the poor, deserve especial notice; but few  the practice of medicine, and concluded to
except the recipients are cognizant of his abandon it. At this juncture he met with
many good deeds.                          Dr. H. Shiffield, of Nashville, who explained
to him the system of Hahnemann, and he became a convert to the great " Law of Cure."
In I858, after investigating thoroughly its
UNT, SAMUEL PIERRE, M. D., principles, he entered into partnership with
of Augusta, Ga., was born in  Dr. A. R. Burnett, of Huntsville, Ala., and
Pensacola, Fla., July I7th, I826. in I86I, upon invitation of the Secretary of
His  grandfather  was  Samuel War of the Confederate States of America,
Hunt, Congregational minister during the  he was examined by the Board of Medical
Revolution, afterward " Master " Hunt of  Directors, and commissioned as Surgeon of
School House, corner of Milk and School the ProvisionalArmy, C. S. A. Itis believed
Streets.  His father was W. Hasell Hunt, of that he was the only homoeopathic surgeon
Boston, Mass., for some time editor of the holding such commission. In this difficult
Pensacola Gazette and afterward of Nort/ville position, having to deal with bigotry and
Banner.  His mother was Miss Martha R. opposition, with want of proper facilities for
Tardiff, from the island of Guernsey. The  the care of the sick, and lack of necessary
family, a large one, being left with but little  medicines, he won for himself the approval
means by the death of the father, in Nash- of his associates. Being taunted with having
ville, he was taken at the age of sixteen years the largest sick list in the army, he was enato South Carolina, by his cousin, now wife bled to show also the smallest mortuary list.
of Dr. A. M. Forster, of Georgetown, S. C., Having but few homceopathic medicines, his
to be educated. He was a student of the late  knowledge of the drug system  enabled him
S. H. Dickson, M. D., and of Eli Giddings, to improvise the proper remedies. Once he
M. D., graduating March, 1846, at the Medi- had the misfortune to lose all his homeecal College of South Carolina, at Charleston. opathic remedies. With patience in treating
He went to Baton Rouge, and shortly after the sick, deference to superior officers, and
to New Orleans. Here he was appointed by  civility to all, opposition was disarmed and
Colonel, afterward Governor Tronsdale, of  he remained in his position until the depreTennessee, Asssistant Surgeon of the Tenth  ciation of Confederate money, and the wants
Regiment, a part of the United States Army  of his family induced him to resign, which
then en route for Mexico; but the appoint- he did in April, I863.  His first assignment
ment being irregular he could not take ad- to duty was with the 23d Alabama regiment,
vantage of it; he was induced to accept the  afterward with the  I8th  Alabama, near
position of Hospital Steward at Vera Cruz. Corinth. At Tupelo he found himself SenHe had commendatory letters from Surgeon  ior Surgeon of the Third Brigade (General
R. A. Wood of United States Army, and  John K. Jackson's), and afterwards Acting



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             75
Chief Surgeon. For services in this position  of Dundee, Yates county, was one of his
he was commended by General Jackson to  early instructors in homeopathy; Dr. FlemGeneral Bragg. He was afterward Post Sur- ing, of Rochester, was also among his early
geon at Mumfordsville, and at Bardstown, friends and helpers; and he received much
and was for some time stationed at Bridge- valuable assistance in his first inquiries into
port, Ala. Finally, he officiated as Inspector the new system, from Dr. Beigler-for at that
of Hospitals of the District of Tennessee  time there were very few works on homceRiver, his supervision extending from  the  opathy as compared with the number to which
Cumberland mountains to Atlanta, Ga.      students of the present day have access.
At this time he removed his family, who    In the infancy of the new practice, Dr.
had heretofore been living in middle Tennes- Read delivered lectures on homceopathy, and
see, to Agusta, Ga. Leaving the army with  assisted in the organization of county socieproperty and practice gone, he commenced  ties; and at one time was President of the
life anew in Augusta, as a physician of the  Chemung  County Homceopathic  Medical
cotton factory, and was afterward appointed  Society. In I862, he was ordained into the
one of the physicians to the poor of the city, ministry, and became chaplain of the Bethel
and soon found himself again in a large and  Society and the Society of the Seaman's
active practice. By the close of the war, the  Friend. He has filled the office of postdepreciation of Confederate money and of  master for nine successive years; has been
all securities, the poverty of the people, the  superintendent of public schools, and held
frequent removals and the impossibility of  several other offices of trust and responsitheir rendering any remuneration for services, bility in his township. He has a good pracdecided him  to temporarily relinquish his tice, and is now devoting himself exclusively
practice and accept a position in the Georgia  to the duties of his profession.
Railroad office. But to use his own language to a friend, he hopes " yet to be able
to resume his practice, to which he is devoted, and particularly to diseases of women       RAHAM, ELISHA  B., M. D., of
and children, and thereby to be accounted            Three Rivers, St. Joseph county,
when he has passed from this life, as having         Mich., was born in Italy Hollow,
done some good in his generation."                   Yates county, N. Y., January
28th, I840. He is the son of the highly respected Samuel Graham, who was an early
pioneer farmer of that county.  He was
EAD, THEOPHILUS WV., M. D., reared on his father's farm, and not unlike
of Big Flats, Chemung county, most farmer's sons, he was taught the value
N. Y., was born in Carlton, Bed- of industry, and the universal truth, that sucfordshire, England, August Ioth, cess in life, whatever the employment be, is
i820. He is the son of Thomas and Mary  the offspring of diligence.
Read of the same place, and grandson of the    A part of his early education was obtained
celebrated physician and surgeon, Dr. Wil- at the District School. In those days, when
liam Bond, of England.                    "Town Superintendents" were in vogue,
He received his early education at Auburn, and the examinations of applicants for schools
N. Y.; studied medicine with Dr. Charles  were less rigid than they now are, no very
Van Epps; graduated at the New  York  high scholastic attainments were thought to
Academy  of Medicine; and  commenced  be necessary in a teacher of common schools.
practice at Horsehead, Chemung county, N. If the applicant could number the States of
V. He subsequently removed to the place  the Union, and name their capitals; if he
where he now resides. Dr. Richard Huron, could repeat the rules of grammar, and



76                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
" cypher" as far as the " rule of three," he ing timber, when Ephraim was but two years
was " certified " and regarded as eminently  of age; the family then returned to Vermcnt,
qualified to teach the " ideas " of the country  and he lived with his grandfather until fifteen,
lads and lasses "how to shoot."          working on the farms in the neighborhood
We do not mean to affirm that the quali- during the summer, and attending school
fications of Elisha's teacher, in the district through the winter. He then went to live
school which he attended in his early boy- with Wm. A. Burnham, Principal of the
hood, did not exceed these; the contrary is English department of the Barr Seminary at
quite probable; but at all events the pupil Manchester, Vt., and while with him obsoon outstripped the teacher, and that his tained a good English education and some
earnest desire to acquire a good education  knowledge of the languages; and, when
might be gratified, he was sent to the Frank- qualified, taught school during the winter
lin Academy, at Prattsburg, Steuben county, months.
N. Y., where he became a pupil of Professor   Over anxious to pursue his studies, he
W. S. Searle, now a practising Physician of attended to them  so assiduously that his
Brooklyn. Under his tuition, young Graham  health failed, and he was compelled to abanmade rapid progress in his studies, and cornm- don his purpose of securing a collegiate
pleted his academic course, with creditto his education. for a few years, therefore, he
instructor, and honor to himself.        worked at the trade of a carpenter and
Having long entertained the design of be- joiner, but as soon as he was able, comcoming a physician, he, very soon after leav- menced the study of medicine with Dr.
ing school, entered upon his medical studies, Ziegler, a "liberal" practitioner, in Pennunder the guidance of Dr. H. S. Benedict, sylvania; he remained with him, until being
of Havana, N. Y.  When sufficiently ad- offered what he then considered a great invanced he matriculated at the Cleveland  ducement, he went to Aspinwall, to work
Homoeopathic College, at Cleveland, O., upon the Panama Railroad. He was taken
from which he graduated in I866.         sick on the voyage, continued seriously ill
He went immediately to Three Rivers, while there, and at the end of a month gave
Mich., and commenced practice. Although  up the enterprise and returned. On arriving
quite a young man, his thorough knowledge in New York city he was obliged to go to a
of his profession, his strict attention to its hospital, where he remained several days,
duties, his keen perception, his wise applica- until able to return to his friends in Vermont.
tion of principles, and his natural ability, When fully recovered, he again went to work
soon enabled him  to build up a practice  at his trade, meanwhile continuing his studies.
second to none in the county.            Not having the means wherewith to defray
He is frequently'called to adjacent villages the expense of attending lectures, in the fall
to treat cases that defy the treatment of the  of 1852 he determined to start out and try his
old school practitioners.  He is still in his luck at healing the sick; and opened an
early manhood, and his remarkable success office in Elyria, O., but not meeting with the
thus far is a sure indication that his future pecuniary success he had hoped for, he soon
labors will be replete with well-earned honors. departed for a little town sixteen miles from
Toledo, in the heart of the " Black Swamp."
Here he found plenty of sickness, but little
ARSONS, EPHIRAIM, M. D., of money; and he was soon involved in debt,
Kewanee, Ill., was born May 8th, to defray which he resorted to teaching, and
I827, in Girard, Erie county, Pa., taught school for one dollar a day, and practo which place his parents had  tised medicine for what he could get until he
moved from Bennington, Vt., several years had paid his debts, and got something ahead.
previous. His father was killed while fell-   In the fall of I855 he went to Iowa, but






,7



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               77
the next season located in Altona, Ills. There, was enabled to graduate at the Homoeopathic
he succeeded in establishing a very good prac- Medical College of Pennsylvania., in i866,
tice; but, about five years after his arrival having devoted three years of the most arthere, the Pike's Peak fever became very pre- duous labor to the acquirement of the necesvalent in that region, and, after it had carried  sary knowledge.
off several of the doctor's best paying patients,   Having obtained his diploma, Dr. Breyfogle
he also was attacked by the disease, and with  established himself in New  Albany, Ind.,
a party of others who were alike delirious, he  where he immediately found himself engaged
started for the Peak. They were so fortunate, in active practice; but though his time was so
however, as to regain consciousness by the  fully occupied during his residence in that
time they arrived  at Fort Kearney, and, city, he still, with characteristic energy, found
greatly exhausted, pecuniarily as well as phy- time to compose and publish his great work,
sically, they sorrowfully returned.        entitled, "Breyfogle's Homceopathic Epitome."
Dr. Parsons then entered partnership with    Being impressed with the conviction that
Dr. Thorpe, a homceopathic physician, in  Louisville, Ky., offered a more extended and
Wataga. Dr. Parsons had tested the system  useful sphere for his labors, he removed to
sufficiently to be satisfied of its value, and  that city, in I868. Whilst there, he devoted
now determined to adopt it. After two years, his attention and solicitude to the cares of a
Dr. Thorpe's health became so impaired that large and increasing practice; but though thus
the entire practice fell to Dr. Parsons, who  busily engaged in his professional capacity,
then felt that he was able, and that it was his ever-active mind was not satisfied, and he
quite time he finished his studies and fully  became a large and valued contributor to
qualified himself for the duties which were  many of the homoeopathic periodicals, beside
devolving upon him; he therefore attended  assuming the editorship of the department of
lectures, and graduated from the Hahnemann  Materia Medica in the Western Observer.
Medical College at Chicago, in the class of    In I871, a new sphere of usefulness opened
I866. He then settled in Kewanee, where to his view, his attention being specially drawn
he is now located.                         to the homceopathic treatment of diseases of
In I858, he married Miss L. A. Wilcox, of the eye and ear. With a view of perfecting
Altona.                                    his knowledge of this branch of science, he
He is a member of the American Institute  went to Europe, and devoted a year to its
of Homceopathy, and of the Illinois State  study in Vienna, in which city he enjoyed the
Society.                                   inestimable advantage of studying under the
celebrated Dr. Adam Politzer, whose assistant
he became, and who confided to him the sole
REYFOGLE, WILLIAM   L., care of his office practice during a protracted
M. D., of Louisville, Ky., was absence.  By the recommendation of Dr.
born at Columbus, Ohio, on April Politzer, the subject of our sketch was ap4th, I845, and is consequently  pointed to the entire charge of the Aural
still a young man, though by his indefatigable  Clinic in the Vienna University, the duties of
energy and perseverance he has succeeded in  which he fulfilled with entire satisfaction dursolving the difficult problem of compressing  ing several months. Before returning to this
a long life into a short one.              country, he spent considerable time in Paris
After receiving a fair general education, he  and London in the prosecution of his investicommenced the study of medicine, at the age  gations.
of eighteen, in his native town, under the in-   In 1870, Dr. Breyfogle was married to
struction of George H. Blair, M. D. His  Miss Rella C. Winstandley, daughter of the
progress in his studies was so rapid that he  Hon. John B. Winstandley, of New Albany,



78                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
Ind., and is at the present time Fellow of the  of distinguished positions, has been a member
Hahnemannian Institute, and Censor of the  of the Boston School Board for six years, and
Prelte Medical College.                    is at the present time a member of the State
Though offered several professorships, he  Legislature.  His name has been familiar
has declined them all, preferring to labor on  with the people of the entire country for some
in his old sphere of usefulness at Louisville, time on account of the absurd position and
Ky., making the homceopathic treatment of factious opposition of the Surgeon General of
the ear and eye a specialty.               the State of Massachusetts toward him. In
I87I, he was appointed Medical Director of
the First Brigade of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia by Brigadier General J. S.
HATTUCK, HENRY PERKINS, Burrill, commanding the same, but on account
M. D., of Boston, Mass., was born  of his belief in homceopathy, Surgeon Genein Dunkirk, N. Y., on November ral Dale, of Massachusetts, has so far pre27th, I844. He is of American  vented his receiving his commission. As an
descent. His father, the distinguished Dr. evidence of his fitness for the position, as well
Alvin Shattuck, was born in Vermont, on  as his popularity, it is sufficient to say, that he
April 12th, 1821, and, from I839 to I842, was is endorsed by all the homceopathic physicians
in the naval service of the United States in  in the State, by many Old School physicians,
the South Pacific. He afterwards took up  and by physicians already in the Militia of
the study of medicine, and graduated from  the State, who thereby recommend him for
the Cincinnati Medical College, in I848, and  their superior officer, and by all right minded
commenced practice in Westfield, N. Y., and  citizens who despise this evidence of an antiafterwards, in I857, removed to Buffalo, where  quated narrowness and ridiculous bigotry. It
he had a very large and valuable practice, and  is hoped by all who have interested themselves
was especially noted for his skill as a surgeon  in this matter that he may yet succeed in getand operative obstetrician.  He died in Buf- ting this position.
falo, August I5th, I872.                     He is a member of the Massachusetts HoDr. Henry P. Shattuck, the subject of this mceopathic Medical Society, the Boston Acasketch, was educated in Buffalo, N. Y.     demy of Homceopathy, and of the American
Turning his attention to the subject of me- Institute of Homceopathy.
dicine when but seventeen years of age, he
received the advantage of three courses of
lectures in Harvard Medical College. Concluding his studies for the time being, and         RICE, ELIAS C., M. D., of Baltihaving passed an examination, he entered the          more, Md., was born April I6th,
service of the United States as an assistant  L       1826. His ancestors were from
surgeon in the Army.                                  Wales, emigrating to this country
After filling well the duties of this position  long anterior to the Revolution, and settled
for about one year, he was reluctantly obliged  at West River, Md. A tradition in the family
to resign his office on account of ill health  relates that three brothers came over together;
produced by over work in the hospital at Sa- and that one went to New York, one to Pennvannah, Ga. Returning to the North, he  sylvania, and one to West River.  Mordecai
graduated at the Harvard Medical College, in  Price, a descendant of the last named brother,
I866, and at once entered upon the practice  settled in Baltimore county, Md., about sevenof medicine in the city of Boston, where he teen miles north of Baltimore, while the counis now located.                            try was still a wilderness, and was the greatHe was married in Buffalo, November 24th, grandfather of the subject of this sketch.
1870. He has been for years the incumbent   His early literary education was received in



HOMCEOOPATITIC  PIIYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                         79
the common schools. In the autumn of I844, direction of his thoughts to the study of mehe commenced reading medicine with Dr. dicine. In I854, when engaged in teaching
Mahlon C. Price-his second cousin-teach  in Newtown, Delaware county, Pa., and while
ing school during the year 1845, and, graduat- boarding with Dr. John P. Lewis, a very sucing from the medical department of the Uni- cessful allopathic physician, he commenced
versity of Maryland, in 1848, entered into a the study of medicine with him, not from any
co-partnership with his old preceptor. This preference to that system, but from a convicpartnership continued for five years and six  tion that the profession was in itself a noble
months.  After practising  allopathy  three  and useful one, affording large opportunities
years, his attention was directed to homceopa- for the enlistment of the finer, purer feelings
chy. Carefully studying, and thoroughly test- of the heart, and the nobler attributes of our
ing it for several months, he became convinced  nature.  His reading awakened the thought
of the truth of its maxims and principles, and  that great improvements might be made in the
finally severed his connection with his partner, practice, especially in the application of spethat he might practise homceopathy alone. cific remedies to specific cases of disease.
He continued to practise in Baltimore county, This thought deepening into conviction, he
until I865, when he removed to Baltimore, gave himself with renewed energy to his readwhere he has secured a large and lucrative  ing, and bestowed upon it, in connection with
practice. Before his removal to the city, he  his teaching, from eighteen to twenty hours
was the only homceopathic physician in the  per day, for nearly a year. This protracted
county; and, what is alittle remarkable, he en- confinement induced a fever, which, with a
joyed the respect and confidence of the allo- too early return to teaching, impaired a constipathic physicians; and when the only one  tution that, having thus far sustained the enorwho had ever showed him any bitterness was mous strain, now refused to yield longer to
on his dying bed with typhoid fever, he was the violation of the laws of health.
called in, in consultation with the allopathic    While reading " Wood's Practice of Mediattendants, to see him.                    cine," and "Wood and Bache's DispensaOn November I8th, I852, he married Miss tory," he had observed, that remedies were
Martha A. Cowman, of Baltimore, daughter frequently prescribed for diseases  having
of the late John P. Cowman, of Alexandria,Va. symptoms which those medicines would produce in health. This, it occurred to him,
was contradictory to the law of cure, as stated
by their system. His preceptor, in whose
lMEDLEY, ROBERT  C., M. D., practice better results had frequently been obof West Chester, Pa., was born in  tained, under the law of siziliaZ similibusWillistown, Chester county, Pa., although at that date unacquainted with the
April 5th, I832.  His early edu- system  of Hahnemann-could give him  no
cation was received in the country, public, and  satisfactory explanation. With these difficulboarding-schools.  Until his twentieth year, ties upon his mind, he entered the University
his predilections having been for farming, his of Pennsylvania, in the opening of the session
mind, while at boarding-school, was drawn to  of I858-'59, intending first to graduate there,
the study of physiology and science in general, and then attend a course at the Homceopathic
together with history and biography, especially  College. His health beginning to fail more
the lives of those who had devoted their rapidly than before, he decided to curtail the
labors to the public good, in the advancement extended course he had marked out for himof education, and the improvement and ele- self.  He conversed freely with Dr. Toothvation of mankind. After leaving school, a aker, who recommended him to Dr. Williamnumber of copies of a water cure journal son. The latter, with great clearness, ex.
were placed in his hands, and gave the first plained to him the principles of Homceopathy.



80                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
Placing himself under the medical advice of independent mind. Well informed in his
Dr. Toothaker-who also directed his studies profession, skilful in practice, and progressive
-his health steadily improved, and leaving  in his views, he is assiduous in the work to
the University, entered  ardently upon the  which his life has been consecrated.
study of the new system. On his return home
in the spring, he was the first to make known
to his friends, the peerless worth of homceopathy. Being called upon to prescribe, his         ERDER, MAXIMILIAN, M. D.,
success gave him confidence, and his native           of San Francisco, Cal., was born
diffidence yielded under the genial encourage-        October I4th, I834, on his father's
ment he received.                                     estate "Langensee," near Lake
During the last year of his study, he was Constance, in the Kingdom of Wiirtemberg.
under the private instruction of Dr. J. G. His father, John B. Werder, had five sons, of
Howard, of Philadelphia, and graduated at whom  he is the fourth. He is descended
the Homceopathic College in Philadelphia, in  from a very ancient family, from which have
March, I86O.  In May of that year, he went sprung many of noble rank in the State and
to Oxford, Pa., and pioneered homceopathy in  the Church. His father was a veteran in the
that place. An epidemic diarrhcea prevailing  Army of German Alliance.  Losing his father
at the time, his success in its treatment far when in his fourteenth year, and having passed
surpassed that of the allopathic physicians; through the elementary schools, he was placed
and, an important case from the borders of under the private tutorship of the Rev. ProMaryland coming into his hands, which he  fessor Mayer, pastor of the parish, with whom
treated effectively, this new system of practice  he studied the Latin grammar, and French,
rapidly grew into favor, and during his resi- and read a portion of the Classics.  In his
dence there of three years, he had a full share  eighteenth year, lie resolved to make his own
of practice. In I862, he married Miss Esther way in life, and sailed for America, arriving
Kent, a young lady of fine literary abilities, in New York June 20th, 1854. With little
who for the last seven years has edited a ma- money, but having unconquerable energy, and
gazine, entitled, The Chzildren's Friend.  He  tireless perseverance, he determined to conremoved to West Chester, in the spring of tinue his studies in the far West. He spent
s863, where he has had a steadily increasing  two years in the University of Notre Dame
practice, although much interfered with at first Du Lac, Ind., when he was compelled by the
by sickness, and by three months' absence  miasmatic diseases of that region to leave.
with the Army in the service of the Christian  He went to Perry county, Mo., and entered
Commission.  In the year of his graduation, St. Mary's College in that place, where he
he became a member of the Homceopathic  continued his studies, until 1858, when he
Medical Society of Chester and Delaware  moved to Pennsylvania, and studied one year
Counties, and, in the year following, was in St. Vincent College, Westmoreland county.
elected its Treasurer, which office he continues  His progress was eminently satisfactory, but
to hold.                                   at the close of the examination, he was comDr. Smedley has been through his medical pelled to relinquish his studies in consequence
career a diligent student in his profession, and  of a disease of his eyes, contracted by close
an earnest and intelligent worker.  He has study. The allopathic physicians pronounced
reported some instructive cases of clinical ex- them incurable.  Becoming acquainted with
perience; assisted in proving Boiltes Za;-icis, Dr. F. X. Spranger and Dr. Dake, of Pittsfor Dr. Burt; Hydrastis caradensis, for Dr. burgh, he placed himself under the treatment
Williamson; and Arsen. cup2i., for Dr.; Bla- of the former, and was completely restored in
kely.                                      the course of a year.  Being advised by these
Dr. Smedley possesses a thoughtful and  two eminent homceopathic physicians, he then



HOMCEOPATIIIC  PIIYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                         S8
commenced the study of medicine with Dr. large and flourishing business. About this
Spranger, and, in i86I, attended his first time, he married Miss Fannie Foss, a young
course of lectures at Cleveland, Ohio. Then  lady of much culture and sterling worth.
he returned to Pennsylvania, practising medi- Having practised allopathy for some three
cine at Johnstown, until I865, when he entered  years, he was led to investigate the theory of
the Homceopathic College of Pennsylvania, homceopathy, and through the kindness and
from which he was graduated in the spring of sympathy of Dr. H. C. Bradford, of Lewiston,
I866.  He then pioneered the cause of ho- who gave him mu'ch encouragement, he was
mceopathy throughout the interior of Penn- induced to make an impartial trial of its
sylvania. In I868, he left for the West in  merits. The result was a full and unconditiosearch of a milder climate, and settled in San  nal surrender of the old system, and the hearty
Francisco. From September of that year, he  adoption of that originated and formulated by
has practised industriously, and has secured  Hahnemann.  Shortly subsequent to this
a large and valuable business.  His future  change in his medical faith, he sold out his
career promises to be one of distinction. He  practice and removed to Portsmouth, N. H.,
is a member of the American Institute of where he at once got into a flourishing and
Homoeopathy, and of the Hahnemann Medi- profitable practice, achieving under homcecal Institute of Philadelphia.             opathy successes such as he had never been
able to achieve with allopathy. One year
subsequently, however, he was compelled by
sickness to leave Portsmouth, when he reKINNER, DAVIS N., M. D., of moved to Auburn, where he has since resided.
Auburn, Me., was born in Lewis-    Dr. Skinner is a young man of large attainton, Me.,on November I7th, I841. ments, not only within the line of his profesAfter receiving all the benefits of sion but in other branches of study. He is a
a common school education, he prepared for skilful physician and devoted to his patients.
college at the Maine State Seminary. At an  Having realized by comparison the superior
early age, he manifested  decided literary  merits of hommeopathy, he is a very warm adtastes, and gradually developed a strong love  vocate of its principles, and is doing much to
for literary pursuits.  He devoted much of promote its advance in his section of the
his time to composition, and a number of his country.
essays were published in the Boston papers. 
His parents being by no means wealthy, he
was early taught to be self-reliant, and he had     STRANDER, WALTER  McJ.,
to depend solely upon his own exertions for           M. D., of Pittston, Pa., was horn
the means to defray the expenses of his edu-          in New Brunswick, N. J., August
cation. At the age of seventeen, he began             4th, I839. His mother was Mrs.
teaching school, devoting all his spare time to  Julia Ann Ostrander, and he is the grandson
study and literary pursuits. In I864,he began  of Peter Van Loon, who, emigrating from
the study of medicine with Alonzo Garcelon, Holland to America, located with others of
M. D., of Lewiston, an eminent allopathic  Knickerbocker fame at Albany, N. Y. Up
physician and surgeon. After a due course to his fifteenth year, he was educated at the
of study and attendance upon lectures, he  day schools in Albany, and then completed
graduated from the Medical College of Maine, his English education at Carlisle Seminary,
in I867, with all the honors of the institution. Schoharie county, N. Y., Woodbridge, N. J.,
Thereupon, he at once commenced the prac- and Stamford, Conn. After leaving school,
tice of medicine in Lewiston.  At the expira- he went to New York city, and entered the
tion of a twelvemonth, he bought a practice mercantile business, and in a short time the
in a neighboring town, and entered upon a  drug business. He then removed to Phila6



82                    BIOGRAPIIICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
delphia, where he became a dentist, having  out of the war of the Rebellion, was comstudied under Drs. David H. Goodwillie, and  pelled to leave, or take up arms against the
J. Warner Knox.                            Union. In the fall of I86I, he came to WilAfter a few yearsof practice, he commenced  kesbarre, where, amidst great discouragethe study of medicine, and, being duly pre- ments, he recommenced practice, and has
pared, he entered the Homceopathic Medical succeeded by patient labor in building up a
College of Pennsylvania, and graduated in  business which, while yielding a handsome
i864. This last step was taken for the pur- income, gives evidence of his skill and merit,
pose of becoming a better dentist; since his and of the progressive tendency of homce
graduation he has confined himself wholly to  opathy.
the practice of dentistry, with the exception
of consultations and an office practice. From
Pennsylvania he went to New  York, from            AYNE, JAMES HENRY, M. D.,
thence to Danville, Pa., and then removed to          of Boston, Mass., was born in AlPittston, Pa., where he now resides.                  bany, N. Y., June 4th, 1825, of
English parentage.  After completing his academic course, he entered the
University of the City of New York, from
FONTS, JOHN  S., M. D., of Wil- which he was graduated in the class of I848kesbarre, Luzerne  county, Pa.,'49. His medical education was conducted
i    was born in Jersey Shore, Pa., under the guidance of Dr. R. A. Snow, of
July I3th, I829.  His early edu- New York city. Before he decided to make
cation was received in the Dickinson Semi- the practice of medicine his profession, he
nary at Williamsport, Pa., under the auspices was a firm believer in the principles of hoof the M. E. Church. On leaving the semi- moeopathy, and had proved satisfactorily to
nary he entered the office of George J. Pfonts, himself the true law of cure, experimentally;
M. D., in I850, under whose direction he  and greatly to appearances against his success
pursued his studies preparatory to his admis- and future prospects in the medical profession,
sion to the Pennsylvania Medical College in  but he was determined to practise homceopaPhiladelphia, from which he was graduated  thy. This determination he has strictly adMarch 5th, I853. Dissatisfied with the sys- hered to, although disliking the name, and
tem in which he had been instructed, he went thinking that no such epithet should be atto Erie city, on a visit, where he formed the  tached to any medical man, or body of men,
acquaintance of Dr. N. Seymour, a prominent who are educated in every branch of the
homoeopathic physician.  Through his in- science.
fluence,; and on witnessing the remarkable    During the summer of I848, he visited
results of his system, he was induced to make  Maine, but with no intention of remaining
a thorough examination of its principles. The  there. After visiting through the State, he
results were so entirely satisfactory, that he  formed in Bangor many acquaintances, and
unhesitatingly  relinquished  allopathy, and  was so much pleased with the place, that he
adopted the system  of Hahnemann in its decided to make it his home, and the field for
stead. In I854, he went to La Crosse, Wis., the exercise of his profession. In the autumn,
and began the practice of homceopathy.  In  he returned to New York, and in March,
about three years, he was compelled by failing  I849, located in Bangor. There he remained
health to relinquish his business then and to until November, I86o, actively engaged in
return to the East. After remaining at home  his medical duties. When Dr. Payne first
about a year, he went to Columbia, S. C., went to Maine, in 1848, homceopathy was
where he was the pioneer of homceopathy. hardly known, and had made but little proHe was successful here, but at the breaking  gress in that State. In I849, the scarlatina



MO             4 |E -0-  — v,.;~,-,vN, -------,  | | |.ftwnX  wo
~.:.. /......
Galaz_ Pulo. Co. ]hilada.






IIOMCEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          83
and cholera prevailed in Bangor to a greater M. Whittier of Boston, Mass., by whom he
extent probably, in proportion to the popula- has two children.
tion, than in any other city in America. There   In 1867, he made an extended tour through
were from three to sixteen deaths daily from  Syria, Egypt, France, Italy, and all the concholera alone, out of a population of 14,ooo, tinent.  Besides this he has seldom  been
for several weeks, and the allopathists were  absent from his work, never appropriating
very unsuccessful. Although he used none  a particular time each year for a vacation.
but attenuated remedies, his success was per- His success in his practice has been comfectly satisfactory.  A  great many cases, mensurate with his devotion to it, and with
after they had reached the collapsed stage, his ability.
and had been for a long time pronounced                    -— _
hopeless by his old school brethren, were
cured by his practice.                              EELEY, JAMES EDWIN, M. D.,
These facts were well known throughout the          of Scottsville, N. Y., was born at
city and State. He was equally successful             Port Richmond, Staten Island,
with scarlatina; and the impulse which those          on June 28th, I843. He is the
cures gave to the new school of practice has only surviving son of Rev. J. T. Seeley, a
not yet ceased, and did more to promulgate  clergyman of the Baptist denomination, who
homceopathy, and make converts to it, than  is well known throughout the State of New
anything else could have-done.  His success York as a most exemplary and efficient minwas not alone in those diseases.  His prac- ister of the Gospel. In bringing up a family
tice was general, and he was equally success- of three children, two sons and one daughter
ful in proportion with all other diseases, the  (one of the sons now deceased), Rev.. Mr.
result establishing the new school on a firm  Seeley recognized the value of education as
basis in that city and vicinity. In November superior to any other earthly legacy he could
I86o, as his practice had become extremely  leave them, and accordingly gave them supearduous, he removed from Bangor to Boston, rior scholastic advantages.
to the deep regret of those to whom he had    The subject of this sketch commenced his
so faithfully ministered. An editorial notice  education at Syracuse, N. Y., going through
of his intended removal appearing in one of  one of the public schools, and afterward the
the Bangor papers remarks that " Dr. Payne  graded High School, but on his parents removhas strongly attached to himself an extensive  ing to Lima, Liv. county, he entered the
circle in his medical relations, and has won  Genesee Wesleyan Seminary.  After going
the esteem of his fellow-citizens by his many  through the requisite course of study in that
estimable qualities, and all will unite in the  institution, he graduated with honor; subsewish for his continued prosperity in his new  quently became a student in Genesee College,
home."                                     but being desirous of beginning the study
In Boston he has made for himself a valu- of medicine during the progress of the war,
able practice, using no extraneous means for he did not finish his course of literary studies
the attainment of his success, depending  in that institution.  Early in the year I86o he
wholly upon close application to his business  commenced to read medicine in the office of
for that object. Devotedly attached to his Dr. Webster, of Lima, N. Y., where he reprofession, he has tried to be a credit to it, mained  until the fall of I86I, when he
and means to practise it in his own way as entered the University of Michigan, in the
long as his health will permit. When he medical department of which he attended his
went to Bangor he had but his education and  first course of lectures. At their conclusion,
a few hundred dollars. He has now an ample having secured letters of commendation and
competency, made chiefly from his practice.  merit from his several professors, he obtained
In 1855 he was married to Miss Harriet the position of Assistant Surgeon, United



84                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
States Navy, which position he held for a the other two being Dr. Levi C. Moore of
period of two years. Then becoming a prey  Vermont, and Dr. John Moore of Quincy,
to disease brought on by exposures to a  Ill.
southern climate, he resigned his position,   The subject of this sketch acquired most
and espousing the cause of homceopathy, be- of his preparatory education at Caroll Litecame a member of the graduating class of  rary Institute, Effingham, N. H., and afterI865-'66, in the Homoeopathic Medical Col- wards commenced his medical studies (allolege of New York. After receiving his degree, pathic), under Dr. Gilman L. Bennett, in
he settled in the spring of i866, at Saratoga  his native town.  He next attended medical
Springs, in partnership with Zina Clements, lectures at Castleton Medical College, Vt.,
M. D., but not finding this association con- where he graduated in the autumn of I848.
genial, after a year's residence in that locality    Then, having turned his attention to homhe removed to Mount Morris, Liv. county. oeopathy, he studied it under his brother, Dr.
A year later, having in the meantime received  Levi C. Moore, who had become a physician
satisfactory recognition of his skill as a physi- of that school in I84I or 1842, and after a
cian, he changed his residence to Hornells- few months' application, was fitted to comville, Steuben county, where homceopathy  mence the practice of medicine.  In April,
was at that time unknown. Battling against I849, he established himself in Saco, York,
all that " old-school" influence could bring  county, Me., the first homceopathic physito bear upon his efforts he succeeded in gain- cian there, and had soon an extensive busiing over to his cause a large share of public  ness in that city and the adjoining one of
patronage. In the fall of 1870, desiring a Biddleford.
more lucrative field of labor, he disposed of    At the commencement of the war, Dr.
his practice to Dr. H. C. Orcutt, of Vermont, Moore was desirous of joining the army, and
and took up his residence in Scottsville, Mon- as no homceopathist was allowed to enter the
roe county, where he still remains.        Maine Regiments as surgeon, he actually.
In the spring of I869, Dr. Seeley was mar- enlisted as a private, but was dissuaded by
ried to Ida E. Bolles, the daughter of Dr. H. his friends from entering the ranks. In I863
A. Bolles, a noted physician of Cortland, he answered an advertisement for surgeon or
N.. Y.                                     assistant surgeon for colored troops, and havDr. Seeley is an active member of the  ing successfully passed his examination in
Monroe County Homceopathic Medical So- Boston, received the appointment of assisciety, and holds the office of Vice-President tant surgeon to the 22d Regiment United
therein.                                   States Colored Troops; his want of experiEarnest and firm  in the cause he has  ence in the army prevented his taking higher
espoused, a deep student of the principles of  rank. Joining his regiment in January, i864,
medicine, and successful in his application  he rqmained in camp until the February folthereof, he has steadily won for himself the  lowing, when it was ordered  to Fortress
confidence and respect of the people among  Monroe under General Butler. From  this
whom he labors.                            time Dr. Moore was in active service, aiding
sometimes in hospitals, and sometimes in the
field, sent from  one point to another, wherever his services seemed to be most required.
OORE, JAMES OTIS, M. D., of  In August, I864, he was appointed to take
Haverhill, Mass., was born in  charge of the health of the Ist Regiment
Parsonsfield, York county, Me., United States Colored Troops, with which he
April 28th, 1822.  He is the  was in battle before Richmond, also at the
youngest of ten children, and the third  storming and the taking of Fort Fisher.  In
homceopathic physician among six brothers, March, I865, he was ordered before Rich



IIOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                         85
mond to join his old regiment, which was Some years afterwards he was well known as
the first to enter the city after its evacuation  " Father " Cornelius, in Michigan, where he
by the Confederate troops. At the funeral devoted his time to ministering to and buildof President Lincoln, the 22d regiment ing up poor and struggling churches, helping
repaired to Washington to represent the col- to create an endowment for a Theological
ored troops in the procession, and it also  College at Kalamazoo, and in many other
assisted in the pursuit of Booth. The col- good works which do follow him.  HIis
ored corps was then ordered to Texas, where uncles on both sides of the family were
it remained until October, I865, when the prominent ministers while living. His brother,
division in which he was, being discharged, also a minister, is a man of fine literary culDr. Moore returned home.                 ture, a good speaker, and an able writer.
He practised medicine in Saco for a year, Dr. Cornelius was the youngest of his family.
and then removed to Haverhill, Mass., where He received an Academical education near
he is now engaged in a large and successful Philadelphia, where he lived until the breakpractice.                                ing up of the family by the death of his
When Haverhill was instituted a city in mother, when, though desirous of learning
187o, Dr. Moore was chosen a member of some mechanical business and civil engineerthe General School Committee, a position  ing, he was placed in a drug store in Philawhich he continues to fill.              delphia. Diligently attending to his duties
He has this winter been elected City Phy- here, he afterward filled important positions
sician, is a member of the American Insti- in Detroit and other Western cities. After
tute of Homceopathy, and also of the Essex  some time spent in this way, he went to St.
County Medical Society of Massachusetts. Louis to enter into. business, but his plans
Dr. Moore seems peculiarly fitted for these being thwarted, the disappointment in his
positions on account of his great knowledge, aims induced him to spend the following
skill and experience.                    year and a half in travelling over a great
part of the West and South, and in visiting
England and Germany, obtaining during
that time a considerable hospital experience,
ORNELIUS, WILLIAM, and an extensive knowledge of men and
STAUGHTON, M. D., of Phila- affairs.  Given up to die by a number of
delphia, Pa., was born in Alexan- celebrated physicians, with chronic diarrhcea,
dria, Va., July I th, I834. His with which he had been attacked shortly befather was the late Rev. Samuel Cornelius, fore landing in England, he returned home
D. D., a prominent minister of the Baptist after being somewhat relieved through the
denomination, long known for his connection  skilful attention of a physician in Liverpool.
with the various philanthropic and benevolent While visiting his father in Detroit, a homnesocieties of the country, and a student of the  opathic practitioner known for his success in
distinguished Rev. Wm. Staughton, D. D., treating obstinate cases, volunteered a preof Philadelphia. Sent out by him to preach  scription, which was accepted, with the result,
in Virginia, he soon after suggested the for- in a very short time, of bringing about a permation of the Baptist General Tract Society, fect recovery. Entering the office of the
which afterward became the American Bap- doctor as a student, with the distinct undertist Publication Society. He was President standing that he was not by any means conof the Board of Trustees of the Columbian  verted by witnessing but one cure, he
College at Washington, and one of the earliest remained under instruction three years, taking
and most active members and agents of the meantime a course of lectures at the medical
African Colonization Society, and then re- department of the University of Michigan,
turned to the neighborhood of Philadelphia. and a second course at the Cleveland Homre



86                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
opathic Medical College. While here, being  disturbances or climacteric change. If, for
of a logical turn of mind, he was delighted  instance, the spring opened with an interwith the clear, theoretical demonstration of  mittent of an arsenicum type, as the season
the Hahnemannian law, comparing so favora- advanced, and the intermittents gave way to
bly with the contradictory and unsystematic  the remittents, and these in turn merged into
teachings enunciated with such a pompous typhoid, the type would remain the same, and
show of wisdom at the former institution; and  would manifest itself also in the bowel diffiafter completing his studies he graduated at culties, and other ailments prevailing at the
Cleveland in the spring of I86o. During  sametime.  He also verified by patient obthe following week, making a visit to his servation the theory of Bcenninghausen, of
relatives in Fenton, Michigan, and strongly  the specific and unvarying effect of remedies
urged by them to locate there for practice, he  on the same sides or localities of the body, a
determined to remain long enough to test the  most advantageous branch of medical knowtheory which had appeared so plausible, and  ledge, and facilitating the selection of a
made this resolution, that he would fairly test remedy by a physician endeavoring to prethe powers of remedies administered strictly  scribe closely, and forced to economize time
in accordance with the law similia similibus in the press of his professional duties. He
curantur in the intermittent fevers which con- was also a contemporary observer with others
stituted two-thirds of the acute diseases of  of the fact that in a general epidemic of inthat section, and if obliged-as many of his termittent, the cases are rarely fatal, while
homceopathic acquaintances, the books of  the reverse is true when but few persons are
*homceopathic practice, and the Professors of  attacked during the season, the malarial poithe homceopathic college which he had  son acting then withintense andconcentrated
attended, had  assured him  he would be  power.
obliged to do-to resort to material doses of    During such an epidemic, having always
quinine in order to effect a cure, he would be  suffered from the depressing influences of the
consistent enough to return to the old faith  climate, though rarely off duty, he was prosand practise under its banners.  Closely, trated by congestive chills, his life being long
studying the Maferia Medica, and consulting  despaired of, and essaying before complete
Boenninghausen, Yahr, and other writers on  recovery to attend to his large practice, his
the subject, as well as such fugitive pieces as nervous system became so depressed that he
he found in the current medical literature of  was obliged to change his locality. Preferthe time, he had the great satisfaction of suc- ring that of Philadelphia, he removed to Wilceeding perfectly in his plans.            mington, Del., and giving a portion of his
In the fall of that year he was married to  time to professional duties, he held a position
Miss Fannie M. Atchinson, a lady of great of trust for a friend, devoting himself in part
musical ability and acquirement, and one of to philanthropic and religious work. In the
the finest non-professional singers in the  church to which he belonged he held several
State.                                     offices, was a faithful teacher in the Sabbath
The following spring he removed to Flint, school, and was an active member of a dethe county town, where for six years he en- nominational Christian Association and City
joyed the confidence of a very large portion  Mission. He was also for six years physician
of the most intelligent families, and the esteem  to the Home for Aged Women, receiving
of all. Given to observation, he here pointed  annually from the managers a complimentary
out plainly the fact of the continuance through  notice, and they, as well as many of the poor
a given season of a single type of epidemic, of Wilmington, will long remember his minvarying year by year with the peculiar char- istrations.  Always a friend of humanity,
acter of the atmosphere, the prevailing winds, and desirous of seeing the principles of free
etc., and modified only by some great electric  government carried out to their fullest extent,



HOMCEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          87
he became a member of the Republican party  of Dr. James S. Whitmire, of Matamora,
soon after its organization, and has always  Ill., where he remained until he graduated at
voted for its men and measures.           the Rush Medical College of Chicago, in the
In January of 1873 existing circumstances year 1852. Returning home to his father's
and long cherished plans led him to relin- he commenced the practice of medicine in
quish his duties and remove to Philadelphia. his old neighborhood, and in the same locality
He possesses marked literary tastes; is modest wherein he now resides. At that time his
and unassuming in manner, a good speaker, daily ride in the practice of his profession
a pleasing conversationalist, and an interest- embraced a large tract of country, the settlers
ing correspondent-which quality he shares being scattered.  Now  this same country
with most of the members of his father's presents to view the " Farmer's Mansion,"
family-and has many warm and apprecia- and numerous flourishing villages.
tive friends.  He is at the present writing    Liberal in medicine as in politics and reli~
engaged in preparing a part of the sketches gion, Dr. Mason commenced an investigafor " Cleave's Cyclopaedia of Homceopathic  tion into the claims of homeeopathy, and
Physicians and Surgeons."                 soon became a convert to its truths. This,
as might have been, and probably was expected, cost him  the patronage of his best
customers, whom, however, he soon regained,
AS O N, STEPHEN   ROBEY, and what was of less importance, his memM. D., of Sheffield, Ill., was bership in the Henry County Medical Soborn June i8th, 1827, in Chi- ciety, allopathic of course. He soon after
chester, Merrimac county, N. H. became a member of the Illinois State HomHe is the son of the late John Mason, of Illi- ceopathic Medical Association, and had little
nois, who emigrated hither in the spring of  or nothing to regret in his expulsion from the
I835. During his lifetime he filled various  Henry Society. In I86I he travelled through
offices of trust and honor with marked dis- the New  England States with an invalid
tinction, and was held in high esteem by his corps, and in I864-'65, an invalid himself, in
neighbors, for his honesty of purpose and  quest of health, he traversed the gold regions
decision of character.                    of Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia.
The early life of Stephen Mason was spent Opening an office in Virginia City, Montana,
in agricultural pursuits, at the same time he introduced the practice of homceopathy,
acquiring an elementary education. At the  and soon established himself lucratively upon
age of sixteen years he commenced a regular the principles laid down by the immortal
course of study at the Princeton Academy, Hahnemann.  This opening proved a sucwhich was followed by private instruction  cess, and in I867, he became a member of
under the tutorship of Rev. A. B. Church (a the American Institute of Homeeopathy.
retired clergyman), preparatory to the study    In 1852, Dr. Mason married Miss Mary
of medicine. During the winter season he  Ann Brainard, formerly of Ohio, and took up
taught, as many another man of mark and  his permanent residence in Sheffield, where he
distinction has done, a district school, in  has piactised twenty-one years as a physician,
order to defray the expenses of his education, seventeen of which have been devoted to
and help him meet his daily wants without homceopathy.  During this time he has
financial difficulty.                     acquired an extensive practice, and enjoys
In I847, he commenced the study of medi- the friendship of his patients toward whom
cine, but being unfortunate in his selection  he endeavors to discharge his whole duty,
of a preceptor, soon withdrew  to teach  answering their calls at all times and places,
another winter school.                    and giving his earnest attention to the poor
The following year he entered the office as well as the rich. Dr. Mason has ever



88                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP7EDIA  OF
been ready to assist all reformatory move-   He remained there but a few months
ments which have for an end the alleviation  when the doctor considering him too young
and benefit of the human family. He labors to commence a regular course of medical
to free his fellow men from the bondage of studies-being but fourteen years of age-he
drugs and alcohols. His practice has been  was prevailed upon to learn the tinsmith's
mostly in treating the common diseases of a trade, at which he labored, with his accusrural district, while the more intricate and  tomed diligence in whatever he undertook,
special forms are seldom met with here. His for three years, seizing every leisure moment,
course of life has been simple and unostenta- as he had theretofore, in which to increase
tious, always true to his convictions, despis- his fund of knowledge.
ing hypocrisy and dissimulation, his oppo-   At this time-May, I859-he had become
nents and friends are never in doubt as to master of the English branches, and, if we
his course of action, for when right and duty  mistake not, possessed a fair knowledge of
make the issue, wrong and ignorance must the Latin and Greek languages; and having
cease.                                   a passion for the study of medicine, the
pleadings of which he could withstand no
longer, he re-entered Dr. Guilbert's office,
ILL, ROBERT LOUIS, M. D., and under his direction resumed the study
of Dubuque, Iowa, was born in of his profession, which he followed up with
Niagara, in the Province of Can- unremitting zeal. In the winter of 1862, he
ada, July I th, 1842. He was attended his first course of lectures at the
the youngest child of Mr. Alexander Hill, Rush Medical College-allopathic-of Chiwho was a skilful mechanic, and highly es- cago, Ill., and the following session graduated
teemed for his probity, untarnished character, from  that institution.  Directly after his
and untiring industry. In I847 he removed graduation, February Ist, 1864, he became
with his family to Wisconsin.  Robert's associated with Dr. Guilbert, as junior partearly education was of necessity very limited. ner, in which capacity he continued for upHIis parents in 1848 sent him to the public wards of three years. In the spring of I867,
school, which he continued to attend till he was married to Miss Sopha P. Bennett, the
I852, when they went to reside at Elgin, Ill., estimable daughter of Lyman Bennett, Esq.,
after which time, owing to the financial em- a most excellent gentleman, and worthy farmer
barrassment of his father, he was compelled  of Whiteside county, Ill.  In the session
to give up all attendance at school, and to a  I865-'66, during his association with Dr.
great extent depend upon his own exertions Guilbert, he received the adeundem degree
for support and advancement.             of the Hahnemann Medical College of
In 1854, they removed to Dubuque, Iowa, Chicago.
where Robert obtained a clerkship, which he   In I867 he became a member of the
filled to the entire satisfaction of his employ- American Institute of Homceopathy. In the
ers. Being of a remarkably studious turn of meantime his health began to fail; and
mind, and ambitious to obtain a thorough  thinking that the rough life of a country
education, every spare hour was occupied in  doctor might prove beneficial, he in July,
study, gaining and treasuring up that know- 1867, dissolved his copartnership with Dr.
ledge which was to prepare the way for his Guilbert and removed to Illinois.  In the
study of medicine.  He remained in his autumn of I868, at the earnest solicitations
position as clerk till 1856, when he entered  of his numerous friends and former patrons,
the office of Dr. E. A. Guilbert of that city, he was induced to return to Dubuque.
who was then Professor of Obstetrics and the   Very few young men, who have been comDiseases of Women and Children, in the pelled to fight the battle of life from childCleveland Homceopathic College.          hood to manhood alone and unassisted, can



IIOMCEOPATIIIC PtYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           89
show a nobler record of what persevering de- his true sphere, finally took him  under his
termination to hew their way through every  special guidance. After enjoying the advanbarrier to success, can do, than that of Dr. tage of attending lectures in Boston, during
Robert Louis Hill.                         1842, and in Woodstock, Vt., in 1843, he
Although the herculean tasks and labors, took his degree in the latter place with honor.
which necessity imposed upon him  in his His marriage with a daughter of N. Haskell,
early life, and his unwavering devotion to the  Esq., of Woodstock, decided him to remain
duties of his hard earned profession, has cost there in the practice of dentistry as a specialty,
him the loss of perfect health, yet he has the  which he did with eminent success, until the
proud satisfaction of knowing that life with  year I857him has not proved a failure. He has gath-   At this period of his life a new light dawned
ered around him a large circle of devoted and  upon his mind. He became acquainted with
admiring friends, and by a thorough know- Dr. Sisson, of New Bedford, at that time purledge of his profession, and his remarkable  suing a course of lectures at Woodstock, and
skill, he is enjoying the benefits of a large  was induced by that gentleman to study the
and lucrative practice.                    homrLceopathic system. This he did-perhaps
unwillingly at first-extending his researches
to many and varied experiments, which so
convinced him of the truth of the principles, HASE, HENRY S., M.D., D.D.S., enunciated by the illustrious Hahnemann,
of St. Louis, Mo., was born at that he cordially embraced them, and, in spite
Bellow's Falls, Vt., March 6th, of his previous allopathic education, and the
1820, his father being a distin- immediate pecuniary loss it occasioned him,
guished allopathic physician.  At the age has ever since been an ardent and devoted
of fifteen, he entered a commercial house in  disciple of his great master, ever seeking by
Boston, Mass., where he remained for three  his practice and conversation, and, more noyears, his parents having in the meanwhile  tably perhaps, by the numerous productions
removed to New Bedford, Mass., where his of his prolific and eloquent pen, to disseminate
father still continued the practice of medicine, in all directions the knowledge of the imporand was soon rejoined by his son who, after tant truths of homceopathy. After practising
teaching in a public school for a limited pe- in Woodstock with the best results for fourriod, accepted a responsible position in a mer- teen years, he decided to change his mode of
cantile house in Cincinnati, O.; but the de- life for a season, removing to Independence,
sire of "seeing the world," so natural to  Iowa, where he became a successful farmer,
youth, induced him to abandon this situation  cultivating land which his own energy and
and remove to the new territoly of Iowa, then  industry had reclaimed from the wilderness.
being rapidly filled up, offering many advan- He was also an extensive stock raiser, and
tages to settlers; and the now  flourishing  was elected to the presidency of the Bucham
town of Tipton, Cedar county, owes to his County Agricultural Society, which position
energy the first house that was ever built there. he held for eight years, till his removal, in
After spending about a year in the "new  I865, to Iowa city, where he once more recountry," he rejoined his family at New Bed.- sumed the practice of his profession.  But a
ford, in compliance with their earnest desire, more extended and congenial sphere of usewhere, feeling a strong and decided vocation  fulness was before him. His reputation had
for medical pursuits, he placed himself under by this time extended far beyond the limits of
the tuition of Dr. B. F. Hardy, his father having  the State in which he resided; and the audeclined to instruct him, being desirous that thorities of the Missouri Dental College
his son should embrace some other career; offered him the chair of Surgical and Operabut being convinced that medical science was tive Dentistry. He accepted the offer and



90                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP3EDIA  OF
removed to St. Louis, in I867, where he now    We are happy to say in conclusion that Dr.
resides, still brilliantly occupying the chair Chase still occupies his useful position in St.
devoted to the advancement of his favorite  Louis, where he is in the possession of a large
pursuit.                                   and lucrative practice, undoubtedly due to his
Though making dentistry to a certain ex- own exertions and skill. May he long live to
tent a specialty, he was able in cases requir- enjoy it.
ing medical treatment to apply homoeopathic    We have omitted to mention that his honremedies, having since his acquaintance with  orable degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery
Dr. Sisson entirely discarded allopathic prac- was conferred on him  by the Ohio Dental
tice, showing himself to be yet another bright College, in 1865.
and conscientious convert from the old to the
new, weakening the force of what he deemed
to be error, and strengthening the cause of
what his convictions told him was truth.           IONNENSCHMIDT, CHARLES
Allusion has been made to his literary              WOLDEMAR, M. D., of Washlabors. WTe regret that space will not permit        ington, D. C., was born in Suhl,
as to enter into a detailed account of them,          Prussia, January 2nd, I832. His
but they are so well and widely known  father and grandfather were Lutheran clergyamongst scientific men and others that little men. He received his first education from
excuse is necessary on that score, and we must his father, which was continued in various incontent ourselves with a brief recapitulation  stitutions, until he was about to enter the
of them.                                   university.  Having at that time arrived at
During the last four years, he has been one the age when he was liable to military service,
of the editors of the Mfissouri Deznal Your- he came to the United States, and, pursuing
nzal, besides contributing several important his studies here, graduated at the Georgetown
papers to various homceopathic journals on  College, D. C. He commenced the practice
dental medicine, etc. The American Dental of medicine in Washington city, in I867, and
Association is also indebted to his pen for has quietly and steadily given himself to the
severalmost valuable contributions.  In I866, duties of his profession.
he made an exhaustive and scientific report   Dr. Sonnenschmidt is a member of the
on "Dental Hygiene," which was highly  American Institute of Homceopathy, and Secommended, and in the following year another cretary of the Washington  Homceopathic
report on " Dental Physiology," at the same  Medical Society.  He was married in 1857.
time reading one of his most remarkable and
well digested papers, entitled, " How are deciduous teeth cast off?" In I868, he was
again called on to make a report; on this oc-      HIVERS, BOWMAN  HENRY,
casion it was on "The Saliva of Men and               M. D., of Haddonfield, N. J.,
Animals," a subject cognate to his special           was born in that place, July 6th,
studies. A small work, which he published             I836.  His father, Joseph  C.
about this time under the title, " Familiar Shivers, was a man of influence in the comLectures about the Teeth," met with marked  munity, and characterized by sterling integrity.
and deserved success. In addition to the  His ancestry, emigrating from Wales three
above literary aud professional labors, he has generations back, settled in the neighborhood
for several years past delivered a course of of Camden, on Cooper's Creek. His literary
lectures on dental medicine in the Homceopa- education was received at Haddonfield and
thic College of St. Louis, Mo. Finally his Philadelphia. After leaving school, he encontributions to various scientific publications tered a store in Philadelphia, and employed
would, if collected, literally fill volumes.  his evenings and his leisure moments during



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              91
the day in the study of medical works, for father of General George B. McClellan.  He
which he had a remarkable taste. Remain- graduated with honor, in 1829, and shortly
ing but a short time in the store, he spent two  thereafter commenced practice at Cattawissa
years in the study of allopathic medicine, when, and Bloomsburg, Columbia county, Pa., and
being converted to homceopathy, he com- continued the same until I835, when he remenced studying under Dr. Julius Holterholf  moved to Williamsport, Lycoming county, Pa.
(formerly of Germany), in Marlton.  He at- There he soon achieved considerable populatended four courses of lectures at the Penn- rity as a physician.  About the year I847, he
sylvania Medical University (Dr. A. R. Tho- was led first to inquire into, and eventually to
mas filling the chair of Anatomy), and gra- embrace homoeopathy, through the influence
duated April 8th, i858. He then went to  of the late John Redman Coxe, Jr., of PhilaMarlton, taking the practice of Dr. Holterholf, delphia. In the following year, he removed
who had removed to Morristown.  Here he  to Missouri, and settled in St. Louis, where in
labored with good success, until November the succeeding spring, he associated himself
i862, when his health becoming seriously im- in practice with Dr. J. T. Temple; but this
paired, he relinquished his practice, and re- association continued only until the end of
moved to Philadelphia, where in a few months August in the same year. At that time, the
he resumed practice, remaining until August, cholera was raging in St. Louis, and during
I864, when he returned to Haddonfield for its prevalence, Dr. Vastine was engaged withhis health, not intending to practise. Some  out any intermission in a very extensive pracof his old patients, and many new ones, how- tice in the disease, and with very remarkable
ever, demanding his services, he soon found  success, only losing three patients in a hunhimself with a very large business, and was dred, while over fifteen hundred cases were
obliged to employ an assistant.  He has made  treated by himself and his partner.  Indeed,
converts to homceopathy of some three hunrdred  so constant was his attention to the suffering,
families in less then nine years. His practice  that for ninety days, he did not obtain three
is such that he has not been absent two days consecutive hours of sleep. His arduous
at a time for the last eight years.        labors and exposure resulted in his taking the
disease himself in an aggravated form, and,
though he recovered from the attack, and apparently regained his usual health, the severe
T ASTINE, THOMAS  JEFFER- tax imposed on his energies during that choSON, M. D., late of St. Louis, lera season doubtless affected the whole of
lMo., was born of Quaker paren- his after life.  Feeling a desire to study the
tage, in Northumberland county, theory of homeopathy rather more closely
Pa., October 6th, I808. His parents being in  than lie had been able to do while attending
comfortable circumstances, he received a good  to his professional duties, and to acquire a
education, mostly obtained at the Danville  further insight into the application of its prinAcademy, Danville, Pa. On leaving that in- ciples, he proceeded to Philadelphia, where
Atitution, where he bore himself with much  he attended lectures at the Homceopathic Coldistinction, he entered the office of Dr. Pe- lege, and graduated therefrom  in 1851. Retriken, of Danville, the most eminent physi- turning afterwards to St. Louis, he devoted
cian in that section of the country, for the  himself anew to his profession, and continued
purpose of reading medicine.  Having in that in active practice, zealously supporting by
manner duly prepared himself for a collegiate  every means in his power the tenets of Hahcourse, he proceeded to Philadelphia, where  nemann, until his death in March, i872.
he attended lectures at the Jefferson Medical This resulted from hemorrhage of the lungs,
College as a private student of Dr. McClellan, brought on without doubt by injuries received
Professor of Surgery in that institution, and  a few months previously through being thrown



92                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
from his carriage in a collision with a dray,       RITES, WILLIAM BUDD, M.D.,
the accident being the result of the drayman's        of Manayunk, Pa., was born in
carelessness.                                         Sunbury, Northumberland county,
Dr. Vastine was married, in I833, to the            Pa., on August 22nd, I847, being
eldest daughter of the late Colonel Joseph  the eldest child, and only son of Dr. David
Paxton, of Cattawissa, Pa., by whom he had  T. Trites.  His father's family were of Gersix children, five of whom  survive.  His man extraction, and settled early in the county
mantle has fallen on his eldest son, Dr. Char- of Delaware, in Ridly township. His mother's
les Vastine, who until recently held the chair family were among the early Swedish settlers
of Physiology in the Homceopathic Medical of New  Jersey.  She was related to the
College of Missouri, when the additional pro- famous Mrs. Lydia Darrach, who so heroically
fessional work, thrown on him by the death  carried the news of a threatened surprise to
of his father, caused him to resign. Dr. Vas- Washington; in the undertaking she walked
tine was a very affectionate and domestic man, many miles, bearing twenty-five pounds of
seldom attending theatres or other places of  flour as a pretext for her presence on the road.
amusement, preferring to spend his evenings  WVatson in his "' Annals " says: " Mrs. Darwith his family unless called abroad by pro- rach undoubtedly saved the Army of Washfessional duty.  His many agreeable qualities ington from  great disaster while it lay at
caused his society to be much courted.     White Marsh, in December, 1777."  The subHe was for several years President of the  ject of this sketch received his education
St. Louis Homecopathic Medical Society. principally in the public schools of PhiladelHe held the chair of Clinical Medicine in the  phia, entering the Mount Vernon School in
Homeeopathic Medical College of Missouri, Catherine street, in I86o. His parents reand as such was highly esteemed by his col- moved to Manayunk, in I86i, and from there
leagues and students.  He was a member of he was admitted to the Central High School
the American Institute of Homceopathy.     in February, I864.  He graduated at that
He contributed to some extent to homoe- institution in i867, and, in I872, received
opathic literature, and it is to be regretted  from it the honorary degree of Master of Arts.
that his extensive professional calls so ex- While attending the Central High School, he
hausted his time and his energies as to prevent determined to become a physician, being inhim giving permanent form to his abundant fluenced thereto by the eloquence of Professor
practical and scientific knowledge.  He was Henry Hartshorne, in his lectures on Anatomy
a hard student, a vigorous thinker, a more  and Natural History, and the charming manthan ordinarily esteemed physician, an indus- ner of Professor Lemuel Steaphens in Chetrious and successful practitioner. Although  mistry and Natural Philosophy.  Accordingly
overworked by an extended practice, he never on leaving school, he entered his father's
turned away from the poor, and a large pro- office, and immediately commenced his meportion of his most faithful and conscientious dical studies.  In the fall of 1867, attracted
professional work was done among those from  by the fame of Drs. Hering and Rane, he enwhom he knew he could expect no renumera- tered the then newly formed Hahnemann
tion.  This made his death, which was a  Medical College of Philadelphia, at that time
great loss to the community and the profession, located at I307 Chestnut street.  He also atpeculiarly deplored by the poor.           tended four courses of lectures on Anatomy
During an active practice covering nearly  and Surgery at the Philadelphia School of
half a century, he won the respect and esteem  Anatomy, delivered by the able anatomist,
of all with whom he came in contact, and he  Professor Keen, and dissected under his tuition
left behind him hosts of friends to bear testi- during his whole course. He graduated in
mony to his kindly and unaffected, but effec- March, I869, his thesis on Sanguinis Ilonzinis
tive beneficence.                          being publicly commended on Commencement



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          93
Day by the Faculty. After graduating he    An affection of the throat admonished him
took charge of the practice of John R. Read- of the  necessity  of abandoning public
ing, M. D., of Somerton, Pa., who had been  speaking; and in the fall of 1853 he went to
elected to Congress from  the Fifth District Cincinnati, and in the spring of 1854 received
of Pennsylvania.  He remained there for his degree of M. D. from the Eclectic Mediseveral months, obtaining a tolerably accurate  cal Institute of that city. Returning to St.
knowledge of the hardships attendant upon  Lawrence county, N. Y., he soon found himthe life of a country physician. In the fall self engaged in a successful practice. Not
of I869, he returned to Manayunk, and en- satisfied with the indefinite character of what
tered into partnership with his father in -the he had been led to consider as medical
practice of medicine and surgery.        science, he soon began the investigation of
Dr. Trites was married in August, I87I, to homceopathy. As he prosecuted his studies
Amanda C. Sutton, daughter of Charles H. in this department, he became convinced
Sutton, of Bohemia Mills, Cecil county, Md. that the only system that could lay claim
He was elected a member of the American  to  consideration  as a science must be
Institute of Homceopathy at the  Boston  based upon the known laws of nature.
meeting in 1870, and a member of the Penn- He soon yielded  to  the evidence fursylvania State Society in February, I872.  nished by homceopathy, and was the first to
He is a young man of brilliant parts; has introduce it into the southern part of St.
already established a reputation as a skilful Lawrence county. This was in I858-'59.
practitioner, and undoubtedly has a bright The system  spread very rapidly, and his
future before him.                       medical and surgical practice became extensive.
On November 3d, I867, he accidentally
WAN, GROSVENOR, M. D., of discovered  that he possessed remarkable
Hartford, Conn., was born March  magnetic powers.  The news spread with
27th, I819, in the town of Heath, great rapidity in connection with reports of
Franklin  county, Mass.  His the cures he performed; and being well
father's name was Abel Swan, an'd his known as a physician and surgeon of high
mother's (before marriage) Elizabeth Bond, character, the papers published accounts of
both born in Massachusetts, where they lived  his cures, and repeated calls came to him
until I824, when they removed to Gouveneur, from  New York city and elsewhere.  He
St. Lawrence county, N. Y. His early edu- cured, about this time, Dr. F. O. Benjamin,
cation was received at the Gouveneur Wes- of Rochester, N. Y., of a paralysis, and was
leyan Seminary. In 1839-'40, he studied  induced, in January, I869, to visit Rochester.
medicine in Watertown, N. Y., under the  He then went to Chicago with the intention
direction of Dr. Bruce. Here a severe attack  of settling there permanently, and remained
of sickness compelled him to relinquish his until after the great fire. Drs. Cook, Boardstudies, and to return home to his parents. man, and Professor J. S. Mitchell, M. D.,
A season of great religious excitement occur- were among'his most intimate friends. In
ring at that time, he became interested in the the spring of I872, he was induced to visit
study of theology, and was subsequently or- New York city, where he treated Thurlow
dained, serving as a Universalist minister Weed, and subsequently he was sent for by
for about nine years, the last three of which  Ex-Governor Wm. H. Seward, who for a
he spent in Malone, Franklin county, N. Y. short time was under his treatment at Mr.
During this period, most of his leisure time  Seward's home in Auburn. On October Ist
outside of his pastoral work was devoted to he went to Hartford, Conn., and has resolved
medical studies, in which he was assisted by  to make it his future home. Drs. Chaffer,
Dr. Bates, an allopathic practitioner.   Taft, and Nilder, who know most of his suc



94                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
cess in dynamic treatment in connection with       ERRIMAN, LEWIS, M. D., of
homceopathy, have been deeply interested in    I     Beloit, Wisconsin, the seventh
oringing it into popular notice.                    son of a family of fourteen children, was born May I5th,I8o8, in
Hatly, Lower Canada. His father, Amasp
Merriman, was born in I767, in Wallingford,
U R TI S, JOHN  MITCHELL, Conn.  His mother, whose maiden name
M. D., of Wilmington, Del., was was Anne TIall, was born in Enfield, Conn., in
born in Philadelphia, June 2Ist, I776. He entered upon the study of medi1846. His father, Rev. J. D. cine when in his twentieth year, under Dr. J.
Curtis, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Lull, and continued under him, Drs. M. F.
Church, is at present presiding elder of the  Colby, and J. Foord, severally, of Stanstead,
Wilmington District of the Wilmington Con- Lower Canada, for five years, according to
ference. His preparatory studies were pur-  the laws of that province. Within that period
sued in the West River Institute, Ann Arun- he attended lectures two and a half terms in
del county, Maryland, from which he entered  Dartmouth Medical College, Hanover, N. H.,
Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., where he  also one term  at Hotel Dieu Medical and
graduated in i865. In I868, he received the  Surgical Hospital, Quebec.  He received his
degree of Master of Arts. In I869, he gradu- degree of M. D. at Dartmouth, August 2oth,
ated at the Hahnemann Medical College of  I834, and at Hotel Dieu, October 6th, 1835,
Philadelphia, being engaged in both writing his diploma as physician, surgeon, and manand  teaching while pursuing his medical midwife. He continuedto live, and to pracstudies. IHis thesis was entitled "Rheuma- tise medicine in the Eastern Townships, as
tism," and was deemed of sufficient excel- they were called; was admitted to memberlence to merit to receive honorable mention  ship, and at once elected to official position,
from the faculty on the day of graduation.   in the Stanstead and Sharbrooke Counties
On leaving College, Dr. Curtis located in  Medical Society; read before the learned
Wilmington for the practice of his profes- body an inaugural (which proved very acsion. He was elected physician to the alms ceptable), extolling regular scientific medihouse of New Castle county during I87I-'72, cine, and denouncing all irregularity and
serving with great satisfaction to the trustees, quackery, etc., especially Hahnemannism
and with credit to himself.  He obtained  (mentioned by name), the name being all
considerable reputation in Wilmington, for that any of them knew  about it. Its advohis successful treatment of small-pox in that cates were challenged to show an instance
institution, and his success converted many  of presumptive benefit in treating disease,
persons to homceopathy. During I872, he  and to treat successfully one case of erysipewas one of the vaccine physicians for the  latous fever then prevalent. The challenge,
city of Wilmington.                       somewhat unexpectedly, was accepted. The
On January gth, I873, he was married to  challenger was convicted of fulsome nonMiss Annie E. Carey, daughter of C. M. sense. To use his own expression, "Eye
Carey, Esq., of Wilmington.               salve was laid on," and he was led to say,
Dr. Curtis is a young but rising physician. *" Whereas I was blind, now I see." He saw
Kind, affable, and attentive to his patients, very distinctly that he had not been taught
he has also a heart thoroughly enlisted in the  the  " first lines "  of therapeutics.  And
work he has undertaken; and is rapidly  ever since his adoption of homecopathy, amid
working into a successful practice. Although  all the labors and discouragements of practithere are many homceopathic physicians in  cal medicine, he has had full satisfaction in
Wilmington older than himself, he already  following the lights of truth, yearning for
ranks as one of the ablest.               more perfect views of the beauties of her



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                95
inner temple.  With intense admiration he  school district.  He holds a commission as
contemplated pathogenesis applied to sur- surgeon  of the  Seventh  Regiment, Wisgery, diminishing by a large percentage the  consin  State Militia, ranking  as captain.
actual manual operations, controlling the  He and his regiment have never seen each
sequelke with the facility of a charm.  With  other.
sincere gratulation the homceopathist can    In I83I, he married Miss Harriet Bullock,
appropriate the old motto:                  of his native town, who died in Beloit in
I849, leaving him two daughters, who are
"The good physician skilled our wounds to heal,   married in California.  In I852, he married
Is more than armies to the public weal."  Miss M. A. Weare, of Danville, Canada
Miss M. A. Weare, of Danville, Canada
He desires to record one observation in  East.
the results of practice, which sharply exhibits    We cannot omit the witness borne to his
the distinction between science and blunder. character as a man, a physician and a ChrisThe closest book-man in homceopathy, is the  tian, by his Rector, Rev. Fayette Royce, as
best practitioner, while in allopathy, such an  follows:
one is the least successful.  The one result is    " Dr. Merriman is no ordinary man.  He
incident; the latter is accident.           possesses a mind of unusual intuition, vigor,
Feeling fully grounded in the correlations  and large perceptive powers, enabling him to
of health and disease, as essentially expressed  give clear, definite and exhaustive views upon
in similia similibus curanttur, he removed, in  any important subject.  Sometimes his con1843, to Bloomington, McLean county, Ill., a  clusions are not popularly accepted, because
private missionary and pioneer propagandist they lie beyond the range of the ordinary
of homceopathy, west of Cleveland, O., with  capacity.  Time usually, however, proves
the exception of Dr. Smith of Chicago.  He  him to be correct.
announced his claims in a series of articles    "He is no copyist of other men's opinions
entitled " Homceopathy vs. Humbug," pub- or views, because he always has his own.
lished weekly in the Bloominzvlon Reg'ister. He has decidedly an inventive genius.  He
In I847, he removed to Beloit, one year is original both in his thoughts, and in his
later than Dr. J. W. Evans, the pioneer of  modes of speech.  He never says even the
the then territory of Wisconsin.  Here in  little things of conversation as others say
the quiet performance of his professional them.  It is as natural for him  as it is to
duties he has enjoyed average human satis- breathe, to indulge in repar-tee.  He is a
faction.  He has not been connected with  modest, unassuming man, beloved by all.
public associations, State or national, as much  Having always a pleasant word for every
as he has been privileged to be.  By the  one, he is always sure to receive a pleasant
time they were organized, he felt his activi- word in return.  As a physician, he ranks
ties waning, and excused himself from  par- high in his profession, and his counsel is
ticipation in their proceedings. He confesses  often sought.  As a Christian, he shows by
that by disposition, as well as by habit, he is his life that the possession of great reasoning
prone to absorb rather than execrete, to con- powers is not incompatible with a simple and
sume rather than produce.  Politically he  child-like faith.  Truths which are plainly
was an Old Line Whig; then Free Soil; revealed, though he cannot reason them out,
then Union League, president of the Inner he accepts on trust.  He has a cheerful
Chamber; and so, personally and officially  Christian home; and though there is winter
has helped to save the country.  He has  in his locks, we hope that he will yet be
always been Republican; and while he has  spared many years to his family, to his pro.
helped his friends to public places, has never fession, to his church, and to his hosts of
held office outside the city corporation and  friends."



96                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP./EDIA  OF
ATE, SHADRACH  M., M. D., large practice; but in I86o, in consequence
of Salem, Mass., was born in  of ill health, hewas obliged to leave Augusta,
Loudon, N. H., October 24th, and for nearly a year he took charge of the
1823, and was the tenth child of business of Dr. E. B. de Gersdorf, in Salem,
Shadrach and Rebecca Cate.                Mass., where he afterwards settled as the
His early life was passed upon the farm  successor of Dr. John H. Floto.
where he was born, and he made the best   He became a member of the Massachuuse of such educational advantages as were  setts Homceopathic Medical Society, in I86;
within his reach. At the age of nineteen  gave the annual address in I864, and was
he entered the office of Dr. Alpheus Morrill, elected President of the society for the year
(then of Solon, O., but for the last twenty  i867. He has contributed to the various
years at Concord, N. H.)  During the third  medical journals during a period of twentyyear of his studies, his preceptor, Dr. Mor- five years, and his various essays upon medirill, examined the claims of the homceopathic  cal subjects, some of which have been repubsystem, became convinced that the homceo- lished in England, have caused him  to be
pathic law of cure was a law in nature, and  held in high estimation by his professional
therefore a reliable guide, and consequently  brethren.
adopted that system of practice. After a    Dr. Cate, wherever located, has enjoyed
thorough  personal investigation, and  an  the respect and esteem of a large circle of
extended observation of the beneficial results patrons, by whom  he has always been reattending homceopathic treatment as con- garded as a skilful physician, and an honest
ducted by Dr. Morrill, Dr. Cate also adopted  man.
that system, and supplemented his allopathic
course of study, with a thorough knowledge
of homceopathic therapeutics. He attended          V ER Y, HENRY  NEWELL,
the medical department of the Western Re-            A. M., M. D., of Poughkeepsie,
serve College at Cleveland, O., during the ses-      N. Y., was born in Clinton, N. Y.,
sion of I844-'45; was examined by the Board          April 3oth, I838.
of Censors of the Ohio Homceopathic Medi-   He is the son of Professor Chas. Avery,
cal Society, and admitted as a member, LL. D., of Hamilton College, and Delia
which, under the laws of that State, was a Strong. When sixteen years of age he enfull licence to practise medicine.        tered Hamilton College, and graduated with
Soon after he took the business of Dr. honor in I858, at the age of twenty; after
Crosby, of Akron, O., which he successfully  which he was for one year Principal of the
conducted for some nine months, during Dr. Academy at Peterboro, N. Y., and the year
Crosby's absence.                         following was engaged in teaching in MissisIn the fall of I845, Dr. Cate entered into  sippi. At the outbreak of the rebellion he
partnership with Dr. Alpheus Morrill, his returned North, and at the first call for troops,
former preceptor, removed to Columbus, O., in April, I86I, went with his regiment, the
and they introduced the homceopathic practice  7th New York State Militia, to Washington.
of medicine in that city.                 In the fall of I86I, he was appointed AssisIn December, I847, he returned to his native  tant Chemist at the New  York Custom
town (Loudon, N. H.), and was the first to  House, which position he held for three
introduce homceopathy in that section of the years, and at the same time attended medical
country. In January, I849, he married Miss lectures at the College of Physicians and SurMartha J. Messer. In I854, he graduated at geons, but, on account of ill health, was for
the Western Homceopathic Medical College, a time obliged to relinquish his studies; in
at Cleveland, O.  In January, I85o, he re- 1865, however, he attended lectures at the
moved to Augusta, Me., where he had a New York Homeopathic Medical College,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            97
from  which institution he graduated with  graduated in 1859. In the winter of the
honors, in I866, and soon after settled in  latter year, he entered the Princeton, N. J.,
Morristown, N. J. In i867, he was appointed  Theological Seminary, and continued there
United States Examining Surgeon for Pensions. until his graduation, in 1862. He was marHe removed to Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in i868, ried shortly after to Miss Levina B. Davenand the year following, was appointed Pro- port, of New York. He then pursued the
fessor of Physiology in the New York Homce- calling of a teacher for some months, when
opathic Medical College. In the year I872, stirred by the patriotic spirit of the times, and
he was, by the regents of the University of the the threatening danger of the Rebellion to the
State of New York, appointed a member of institutions of our country, he enlisted, and
the State Board of Medical Examiners, and  was assigned to duty in the Commissary Dewas assigned the chairs of Chemistry and  partment of Galloup's Island in Boston harPhysiology. He, is a permanent member of bor, where he continued until the close of the
the New York State Medical Society, chair- war, in I864. Attracted by the brilliant sucman of its Bureau of Statistics, and member cess, which has attended the faithful practice
of the Bureau of Climatology; and also a of homeopathy in the hands of consistent
member of the American Institute.          and intelligent physicians, who have thoHe is Physician and Surgeon to the Pough- roughly comprehended the spirit of the law
keepsie, N. Y., Homceopathic Dispensary, sirnzilia sirnilibus curantur, he turned his atand Secretary of the Dutchess County Ho- tention to this system of medicine.  Entering
mceopathic Medical Society. He is also Se- the office as a student of Professor T. F. Allen,
cretary of the Hudson River Agricultural Fair of New York, he graduated after a long course
Association.  He married, June 17th, I868, of study from the New York Homceopathic
Catharine Sebring Fowler (daughter of Jacob  Medical College, in the spring of I869. He
Van Benschoten Fowler, of Newburgh, N. Y., at once removed to the city of Reading, where
and Sarah Jane Brinckerhoff), and has three  he has continued to practise his profession to
children.                                  the present time.
Professor Avery is still a young man, and    He has, in addition to his arduous duties in
by his active, industrious habits, his indefa- a large and successful practice, made frequent
tigable labors for the advancement of medical contributions to the medical journals.
science, and his already distinguished ability,   He is a member, and also a Vice-President
he gives promise of a brilliant career.    of the Berks and Schuylkill County HomceHe has contributed much that is valuable  opathic Medical Society, and a member of the
to our medical literature.                 Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State
of Pennsylvania, and of the American Institute of Homceopathy.
POONER, EDWARD HORACE,
M. D., of Reading, Pa., was born
on July 31st, 1838, at Petersham,        ROOKS. JOHN BEATTIE, M.D.,
Mass. His father, Horace Spoo-            of Geneseo, Ills., was born near
ner, is a cousin of the distinguished doctor         Greenfield, Highland county, 0.,
J. G. Holland, of New York, and his mother,          on the 27th of July, 1839. His
Sophia Spooner, is of a family who had many  father emigrated to the State of Illinois, and
distinguished representatives in the war of the settled near Peoria. Being one of the early
Revolution. After receiving the advantages settlers in the great West, educational advanof an academic course of instruction, he en- tages were not to be had, except of the most
tered Amherst College, Mass., in 1855, and  elementary character. John was but three
pursuing his studies diligently for four years, years of age, when his father established him.
7



98                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
self in his new home, and when he advanced  to Geneseo, and soon re-established himself
to years when the necessity of commencing  in the practice of his profession. Dr. Brooks'
his education was forced upon the minds of determination to make homceopathy recoghis parents, the few advantages that presented  nized, and to establish its superiority over the
themselves were discouraging. But the father "old school," has been fully carried out.
possessed abilities of no common order, and, Where it was only known to be sneered at,
the child having a taste for study, a good  it is now generally adopted, and he has the
English education was secured. John's de- satisfaction of seeing it gradually shoving allovotion to study increased with his years, and, pathy entirely out of that field. This fact is
when he reached the age of eighteen, con- a pleasant commentary on the intelligence of
vinced that he could pursue his studies with  the people, as well as upon the ability and
better advantage by teaching, he engaged in  skill of its practitioner.
a school, where he studied and taught by turns.
In 1859, desiring to see something of his
country, and a bronchial affection developing
itself necessitating a change of climate, young     PARHAWK, SAMUEL HENRY,
Brooks journeyed southward, returning the             M. D., of Rochester, Vt., was
following year full of health and vigor. Hav-         born in Pittsfield, Vt., December
ing a strong predilection for the medical pro-        IIth, 184I. He was the youngest
fession, he entered the office of Dr. J. W. son of Rev. Samuel Sparhawk, a Congrega.Johnson, of. Peoria, Ills., in the fall of I86o, tional minister. While quite young his father
where he pursued the study of medicine under removed to West Randolph.
the doctor's able instruction.               Here he received his literary education in
In I86I-'62, he attended the Ann Arbor the academy of that place. When twenty
Medical College, Mich., which was followed  years of age, he commenced the study of
by a course at the New York Homceopathic  medicine in the office and under the instrucMedical College, from which he graduated in  tion of his brother, Dr. G. E. E. Sparhawk,
i864.                                     who was then engaged in practice in West
Going West after the completion of his Randolph.
studies, he located in Geneseo, Ills., on the    With him he remained until September,
line of the C. R. I. & P. R. R., a place of  I862, when, carried away by a patriotic enmuch intelligence, but where homceopathy  thusiasm, he enlisted in the United States
was little known and less thought of. Here  Army, serving his country faithfully in the
he set to work, with a determination to er- capacity of a private soldier in the I5th Remove the prejudice, and establish the reign  giment of Vermont Volunteers for nine months.
of the homceopathic school. However, the    In I863, returning to civil life, he entered
war of the Rebellion was in progress, and  the Homceopathic Medical College of Pennhaving a love for military fame, as well as sylvania, and after pursuing the usual interzeal for the cause of his country, he concluded  mediate study during the summer, took a
to enter the army.                         course of lectures at the Cleveland HomceAccordingly, Dr. Brooks went to Chicago, opathic Medical College, graduating therefrom
met the Military Examining Board, of whom  at the close of the session of I864-'65. After
the late ProfesSor Brainard of Bush Medical receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine,
College was the President. Here he passed  he located temporarily at Pittsford, Windsor
a successful examination, went immediately  county, Vt., where he introduced the homceto Springfield, where he was assigned to duty  opathic system, and where he remained for
as First Assistant Surgeon of the I46th Illinois two years, practising with very good success.
Volunteers.  He continued withthis regiment he then removed to Morrisville, La Moille
until the close of the war, when he returned  county, Vt., where he earned a good reputa



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                99
tion both as a physician and a lecturer, but beck, where his attention was first called to
at the earnest solicitation of his friends and  its intrinsic value. The late Dr. F. Vanderrelatives in Rochester, he consented to locate  burgh was the agent by whose suggestions he
permanently in that place. Here he has been  was induced to give it his closest investigasince the beginning of the year I870, with a tion.  The result of his examination was his
growing confidence placed in him by acquain- cordial adoption of the system; and, after a
tances, and relatives, and friends, an increas- retrospect of twenty years, he finds no ca'use
ing practice and a great influence.         for regret in his espousal of the true principle
He was married, in i872, to Miss Sara L. of healing, similia similibus curantur.
Smith, of Morrisville, Vt. He has been for
a number of years a member of the Vermont
Homceopathic Medical Society, holding several important offices.                               ELLOGG, GEORGE, M. D., of
New Orleans, La., was born in
New York city, March I Ith, 18I I.
He was the eldest son of J. W..-:RTLETT, RODMAN, M. D., Kellogg, who for twenty years was President
of New York city, the fifth son  of Erasmus Hall, Flatbush, L. I.  At that
of Loring and Phebe Bartlett, of  ancient seat of learning he received his acathe town of Salisbury, Litchfield  demic education.  At the age of seventeen,
county, Conn., was born in that place, August he commenced the study of his profession un7th, I823.  He' is one of ten children, and  der the supervision of Dr. J. Vanderveer, a
his early life was employed upon his father's  noted physician of his day.  In 1830-'3I,
farm during the summer months, while during  young Kellogg was a member of the class at
the winter, he attended school near his home. the College of Physicians and Surgeons, but
When in his seventeenth year, he com- business of a pressing nature calling him west
menced the struggle of life for himself, teach- for a couple of years, he received his diploma
ing the district school in the town of Sheffield, from the University of Indiana, and the same
in which employment he spent three succes- year, on his return to New York, was adsive winters. In the spring of I843, he com- mitted to membership by the State Medical
menced the study of medicine in the office  Society.
of Dr. Luther Ticknor, of the town of Salis-   In June, 1833, Dr. Kellogg married the
bury, Conn., for many years President of the  daughter of Mr. John E. Vanantwerp, of New
State Medical Society.  In I847, he received  York city, a prominent merchant and well
his medical degree from the Geneva Medical known gentleman.  He commenced his proCollege, N. Y. Soon after his return home, fessional career in Philadelphia, Pa., and, in
in the spring of that year, Dr. Ticknor died. I837, was induced by flattering offers, to reHe then entered the office of Dr. B. Welch, move to Yazoo City, Miss., where he formed
of Salisbury, Conn., practising medicine and  a partnership with Dr. Washington Dorsey,
surgery with him for one year. In I849, he  one of the most distinguished physicians in
located at Pine Plains, Dutchess county, where  the South.  In I840o, while on a visit to New
he remained one year.  From  thence, he re- York for the benefit of his health, his attention
moved to Rhinebeck, and entered into part- was attracted to homceopathy by the successnership with Dr. M. Freleigh, with whom he  ful treatment of a member of his family.
continued in practice for three years.  In  When under the most able treatment the case
I853, he settled in New York city, and soon  seemed hopeless, it was brought to a successentered upon a large and valuable practice.   ful termination by the skill of Dr. Granger,
Dr. Bartlett's conversion to homceopathy  who at that time was regarded by the profeswas effected during his residence in Rhine- sion as an arrant empyric. This led to a



Ioo                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
renewal of an intimacy with a fellow-student, white regiment raised in the State, and he was
Dr. Robert Rossman, a successful advocate ordered to Jackson Barracks, New Orleans,
of homceopathy, in Brooklyn, who aided his as Post Surgeon. On the troops taking the
friend Kellogg in an investigation of the prin- field, he was appointed Brigade Surgeon on
ciple of similia smilzibus curantur. Witness- General Dudley's staff, and so remained during its successful application to diseases under ing the organization of the campaign against
the intelligent administration of Dr. Rossman, Port Hudson. When the advance was made,
Dr. Kellogg announced himself a convert to  Dr. Kellogg was ordered to assume the duties
the then unpopular theory. In I844, he em- of Medical Director on the staff of the Divibarked for New Orleans (a terra incognita so sion Commander Major-General C. C. Augur,
far as homceopathy was concerned), but on  and acted as such at the Battle of Plains Store.
his arrival, finding it impossible under the  He served during the whole of that severe
then existing stringent law as to licence to  campaign until the capitulation of Port Hudmedical practitioners, to obtain one (holding  son. He was then detached and sent to New
as he did such heterodox views), he concluded  York in charge of the wounded on board of
to abandon the field for the time being.  the steamer Mantanzas. He was fortunate in
Subsequently Dr. Kellogg accepted a part- turning over his charge in good condition to
nership with Dr. F. A. W. Davis, of Natchez, the Medical Director at New York. On his
an influential convert to the cause. Here he return to his department, he was detailed for
remained until the offensive and unjust laws duty at the St. Louis and University Hospitals,
had been abrogated in Louisiana, and he then  acting in the mean time as the medical adreturned to New Orleans. Here he engaged. viser of the family of General Banks, and
actively in his profession a co-worker with the when the general was superseded, he tendered
lamented Dr. Leon.  In I853, his health  through him his resignation, which was accompelled him to seek a more northern and  cepted, and the appointment of Pension Surless malarious climate, and as the ground was geon conferred upon him. This position he
unbroken at Nashville, he received encourage- has held up to the present time.
ment to inaugurate homceopathy in that city.   During the military occupation of New OrHis first essay was to publish a book for local leans, he held several special military appointcirculation, the title of which told its object: ments, one of which was his appointment by
"An Answer to the Question: What is Ho- Major-General Hancock, on the re-organizamceopathy?"  It was a plain elucidation of tion of the City Government, as Alderman,
the principle, addressed to non-professional which position he held for some time. A vereaders. It was favorably received, and as- teran of forty years, he is still actively engaged
sisted in establishing the practice on a firm  in the daily routine of his profession.
basis. The health of Dr. Kellogg did not recuperate as was hoped for, and he concluded
to fall back upon his normal latitude, and, returning to the State of New York, located in      ISHOP, HERBERT  MARTIN,
Troy, where he remained actively engaged in         M. D., of Norwich, Conn., was
his profession until the occupation of New          born in New London, Conn., JanOrleans by General Butler, when he received         uary I5th, 1844. He was edua most flattering invitation from him to return  cated in the public schools of that city, and
to that city, as an expert in climatic diseases. on graduating from the High School, at once
Actuated by a sense of duty and patriotism, commenced the study of medicine under the
he accepted the proposition, and on reporting  direction of Dr. O. Sites, a skilful homceopato the commanding general, was immediately  thic physician of that place; he, however, atcommissioned Surgeon of the 2nd Regiment tended two courses of lectures at Yale MediLouisiana Volunteers. This was the second  cal College, and graduated from that institution,






'P IT 17,         qj-L cT      12 T 11



HIIOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        IOI
in i865. January Ig9th, of the same year, he  course of studies was pursued at the Jefferwas commissioned Assistant Surgeon of the son Medical College of Philadelphia, terIst Connecticut Cavalry Volunteers, and im- minating by his obtaining the degree of
mediately joined the regiment, then stationed  M. D., in 1838.
near Winchester, Va., and remained with it   His medical career extends over the lengththrough the various battles of the last cam- ened period of thirty-three years, the first ten
paign of the war, and until the regiment was of which were passed in Hartford, Conn.,
mustered out of service.  Though in the practising medicine on the allopathic system,
field but a short time, he yet acquired a valu- which, however, he was induced to discard,
able surgical experience, and on several from  conviction, devoting the remaining
occasions rendered most efficient service. twenty-three exclusively to the practice of
Returning to civil life, he determined to con- homceopathy in the city of New York. He
summate his long cherished purpose and study  has always enjoyed a large practice, and durhomceopathy, and accordingly attended lec- ing the extended period of his professional
tures at the New York Homceopathic Medi- labors, it is impossible to conjecture how
cal College, and graduated in I867, having many sufferers have had cause to rejoice in
meanwhile improved to the utmost the many his abandonment of the old and adoption of
advantages afforded by the various hospi- the new theory.
tals in and about the city. In March, I867,   In value, interest, and scholastic merit his
he commenced practice as a homoeopath in literary labors are fully on a par with those
the city of Norwich, Conn., where he has immediately pertaining to his profession. We
attained an excellent practice and an envia- can, however, in this brief sketch of a long
ble reputation. In January, I869, he mar- life of activity, but give a mere catalogue of
ried Miss Ella E. Spalding of Norwich. his numerous works, trusting that the reader
Dr. Bishop has been the examining physi- will be able to procure them  and instruct
sician for several Insurance Companies, he is himself by their perusal.
a prominent and an active member of the   About twenty years ago he originated the
Connecticut State  Homceopathic Medical North American Hoinaeopathic Yournal,.of
Society, and in June, I869, became a mem- which he was the principal editor during
ber of the American Institute of Homceo- fifteen years. He has written two standard
pathy.                                   works on the " Theory and Practice of Medicine," also a book entitled "Homceopathy
vs. Allopathy," being a polemical review of
ARCY, ERASTUS EDGERTON, the respective merits of the rival systems.
A. M., M. D., of New York city, His principal moral productions are " ChristiN. Y., the distinguished subject anity and its Conflicts," a subject having
of our sketch, was born in Green- scope for a vast range of thought, and a book
wich, Hampshire county, Mass., in I8I9.    under the title of "Life Duties."  Besides
His ancestry is historic; his grandfather and  the above, the public is indebted to his powgreat grandfather having figured in that inter- erful pen for numerous smaller works, which,
esting episode of our national annals, the war though inferior perhaps in importance to the
of independence, gallantly serving their coun- foregoing, are yet in themselves of eminent
try as officers in the Continental Army. His value.
father was an eminent lawyer, and for many    The life of Dr. Marcy beautifully illusyears a prominent member of the Senate trates the parable of our Saviour. He has
and Legislature of Massachusetts.        not hidden his talent to be returned intact to
He received a liberal education at the his Master; but has used it for the promotion
Amherst College, quitting that institution in  of the physical, moral and religious wellbe1835, with the degree of A. B. His medical ing of his fellow men, and we trust his talent,



102                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
thus usefully employed, may yet increase a  one child, which lived but a short-time after
thousand fold in the advancement of the its mother's death. During his association
same praiseworthy objects.                 in business, for the period of about six years,
with Dr. Hallock, he earned a high reputation for professional skill, which in full measure has followed him thus far in his career.
EST, EDWIN, M. D., of New  In October of the same year in which he
York city, was born in the town- dissolved his business relations with Dr. Halship  of Salina, now  Syracuse, lock, 1857, he was married to the accomSeptember Ist, 1826.  He is plished daughter of Dr. Wm. Noblej of
the seventh son of the Rev. Royal and  Albion, N. Y. During this same year, also,
Roxanna West. He received his education  he formed a co-partnership with Dr. Hudson
at the Rochester (N. Y.) Collegiate Institute, Kinsley, of I I Amity Street, New York,
where he acquitted himself to the highest sat- which continued for four years, when it
isfaction of his parents and  instructors. ceased; since which time he has continued
When but a lad, he exhibited an unusual the practice of his profession by himself,
fondness for study, and when in the elemen- with the eminent degree of success and prostary branches was remarkable for his perfect perity which he justly merits. Outside of
lessons and rapid progress, and it was not a his profession, as well as in it, he is known
matter of surprise that in the later period of  for his sterling principles, his noble, unoshis educational course, he won the admira- tentatious charity, and his interest in every
tion of his classmates, the commendation of  good work. During his first years in New
his teachers, and the  approbation of his York, he took active part in the origin and
parents and friends.                       establishment of the Young Men's Christian
During his collegiate days he often ex- Association, which has now become, indeed,
pressed to his intimate friends, a preference  a "power in the land."
for the medical profession, and before its
close, had fully determined to make it his
life business. Very shortly after his graduation, in I846, he entered upon his medical          UNN E R, REUBEN  CALEB,
studies in the office of Dr. Durfee Chase, of         M. D., of Chillicothe, Mo., was
Palmyra, N. Y., under whose instruction, and          born at Wheeling, Va., August
by his studious application, he made rapid            15th, I827.  After completing
advancement. The following year he at- his preparatory course of study, he entered
tended medical lectures in New York, at the Ohio University, at Athens, O., where
the close of which he became a student he graduated in the regular course, at the
of Dr. Alfred Freeman, with whom he re- early age of nineteen.  In I846, immedimained until he entered the New York Uni- ately after leaving the University, Dr. Runversity Medical College, from  which he  ner entered the office of Lorenzo Brown,
graduated with honor, in March, I849.  He  M. D., where he remained four years.  He
opened the practice of his profession in Hones- then entered the Medical School at Philadale, Pa.; but in I85 I, he was called to New  delphia, where he graduated with honor after
York, to assist Dr. Louis Hallock in his ex- attending the usual courses of lectures in
tended practice, with whom he remained till that institution.
1857. In I854, he was married to Miss    Soon after receiving the degree of M. D.,
Susan Field, of whose companionship he  Dr. Runner removed to Columbus, O., and
was bereft bydeath, at the expiration of about entered upon practice as a physician of the
two years from the time of their marriage. eclectic school. Here he was led to investiShe died of consumption; had given birth to  gate the homceopathic system of medicine;



HOMCEOPATHIIC  PIHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        1o3
and after a thorough  examination of its and invited him to study homceopathy with
principles, and a faithful testing of the reme- him, and to assist him in his practice. He
dies, he yielded to the force of evidence, accepted this generous offer, and remained
and openly avowed himself a believer in  with Dr. Detweiler several months, and
homceopathy.  He remained for some time  then commenced practice in Buck's county,
in Columbus, practising the new system; and  near Quakertown, but soon moved to Skipmeanwhile attended lectures at the Homceo- packsville, and not long after went to Philapathic College in Cleveland, O.  He subse- delphia, where he remained but a few months.
quently removed to Texas, where in the  In January, I838, he located in New Berlin,
course of a few years he built up quite a Union county, where meeting with more
lucrative practice. Leaving Texas, he went success, he remained until I856, when he
to Macon, Mo., and in I864, removed to  established himself at Lewisburg, and was
Chillicothe, where he was the first to intro- for two years associated with Dr. J. F. Harduce the homceopathic practice and make  vey. In January, I842, he married Miss
known the merits of the new system.       Mary  M. Smith, of New  Berlin. Since
Dr. Runner is a member of the American  locating in Lewisburg, Dr. Brugger has atInstitute of Homceopathy; is a man of in- tained a good practice, and is regarded as a
tegrity and exemplary habits, and enjoys a deserving and a prosperous man.
high reputation for professional skill.
c"    y- ISSON, WILLIAM H. H., M. D.,
late of Omaha, Neb., was born
RUGGER, IGNATIUS, M. D., of                 in the city of New  Bedford,
Lewisburg, Pa., was born  at              Mass., on the 8th day of FebruUper-Eichsel, Ober-Amt Schop- ary, 1842. In that city he spent his youth
heim, in the Grand Duchy of  and received his education. After completBaden, Germany, July 3I, I809.  His father ing his literary studies, he entered the office
died when he was two years old, and his of his brother, Dr. E. R. Sisson, of New
mother six years after.  When about six  Bedford, to receive instruction from him  in
years of age the orphan was sent to the day- medical science.
school, which he attended five years; he then    At the breaking out of the war he was
hired himself to a farmer for his bread and  among the first to enlist, serving three months
clothes, and with him remained until fifteen, with the Massachusetts Third  Regiment.
at which time he for several months received  Upon his return from the army he resumed
lessons in the German, Latin, and French  his medical studies with his brother, and at the
languages from  a teacher in Rheinfelden, Pennsylvania Homceopathic Medical College
Switzerland. In November, I826, he entered  in Philadelphia, and graduated in I862. He
the Gymnasium  at Freiburg, Baden, and  then returned to New Bedford, and practised
there he remained until April I827; he then  there for one year, and afterwards in Falmouth,
entered the Lyceum  at Constance, Baden, Mass., for about the same period. Attracted
and there pursued his studies for two and a then by the fame of the Western country, he
half years; after which he went to the Uni- removed to Omaha, Nebraska, in I868, and
versity at Freiburg; there he attended lectures soon identified himself with the interests of
on philosophy, medicine, surgery, and ob- that young and growing city, and by his
stetrics, until April, I834, when, his course  energy and close attention to the duties of
of study being at an end, he came to Amer- his profession, soon ranked among the first
ica, and arrived at New York in October, in his system  of practice.  After residing
I834. He at once sought out Dr. Detweiler, there for five years, and making many conof Hellertown, Pa., who received him kindly, verts to homceopathy, he was stricken with



104                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPE3DIA  OF
typhoid pneumonia, and died on the 25th  bined care of himself and his father-in-law,
day of January, 1873. An honorable and  also a physician, the boy grew worse, and
cultivated gentleman, a firm friend in need, seemed likely to die. As a last resort, havhis death brought sincere mourning and  ing the remedies at hand, Dr. Springsteed
regret to his relatives and numerous friends prescribed homceopathically, and to his utter
and patients.                            astonishment and great relief, the formidable
symptoms soon disappeared, and his son
rapidly recovered. Thereupon, without stopPRINGSTEED, DAVID, M. D., ping to inquire what his " old school " friends
of Albany, N. Y., was born in might say, or what course his patrons would
the town of Bethlehem, Albany pursue, he felt it his duty to investigate and
county, N. Y., on January r7th, ascertain from further observation what virtue
I8o08. His father, William Springsteed, was there was in homceopathy. By diligent and
a substantial farmer. At that day educa- careful study he soon found it provided a
tional advantages in country districts were more speedy and certain method of cure for
not of the highest order. The subject of this his patients. When it was first ascertained
sketch attended a school in the town, and  that he had gone over to the new school,
though the course of instruction was rather many of his old patients forsook him, but
limited, he managed by diligent study in and  they soon returned, and his practice steadily
out of school, to acquire an excellent knowl- increased, while he gained in public esteem
edge of the fundamental branches of learn- through his conscientiousness. In I85o, he
ing. Selecting the profession of medicine, removed to Albany, where he soon acquired
he entered the office of Platt Williams, M.D., a strong position. In the same year he was
of Albany, and attended lectures at the Medi- elected a member of the American Institute
cal College, New Haven, Conn., also at the of Homceopathy. In 1851, he was appointed
Duane Street Medical College, New York. County physician, this being the first apThe latter college was founded by four of pointment of a homceopath to any such posithe old Professors of the University, Drs. tion in the United States. He accepted the
Hoosick, Francis, McNeven, and Mott, who appointment, not for any pecuniary gain, but
had associated with them Drs. Griscomb, and for the advancement of the cause.  His
Bush. They were promised a charter from  treatment proved so successful, not a patient
the Legislature, but failed to receive one; being lost, that in I852 he was re-appointed,
consequently they could not grant degrees defeating a great number of allopathic comthat were legal, and Dr. Springsteed did not petitors, one of whom was a member of the
graduate. He, however, passed an exami- board which made the appointment. In 1854,
nation by the State Censors and received the Faculty of the Homoeopathic Medical
from them a diploma in I83o. For fifteen  College of Pennsylvania, conferred on him
years thereafter he practised allopathy. In  the degree of Doctor of Medicine.  He was
1843, his uncle, Dr. Reynolds, of Monroe  President of the Albany County Homoeocounty, N. Y., sent him some homceopathic pathic Medical Society in I862-'63.  He
books and medicines, with a request that he was elected State Censor in I864.
should make a trial of the remedies. Like    Dr. Springsteed in appearance is tall and
most physicians unacquainted with the sys- slim; and very active and energetic. He is
tem, he was indisposed to change his prac- a gentleman of the old school, polished in
tice, and but for an illness in his own family manner, and of very pleasant address. He
he might have indefinitely postponed a trial holds a high position socially and professionof homceopathy.  His son, a child about ally; has a large practice and extensive
three years of age, was seized with inflam- acquaintance. He is still engaged actively
mation of the lungs, and in spite of the com- in the duties of his profession.






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HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             Io5
ERENS, JOSEPH, M. D., of Phi-   Dr. Berens first tried the practice of homoe.
ladelphia, Pa., was born in Eslohe, opathy in Cincinnati, where he was successWestphalia, Germany, December ful; but the entreaties of his wife, whose
2nd, I8I3. His father was an  friends were living in Philadelphia, strengthofficer in the fiscal department of the Prussian  ened by his own preferences for what he
Government.  His mother was descended  used to designate as " this grand city," induced
from an old and honored family named Bruns- him to return here, where, for thirty years, he
wicker. Through her he is related to the  has practised homceopathy with a degree of
family of his life-long friend, Dr. William  success that is rarely equalled.
Schmcele of Philadelphia, with whom he
afterwards became more nearly related by
marriage with Mrs. Olivia Lynd, a daughter
of Colonel Jason Waters of Valley Forge,           EE, JOHN K., A. M., M.D., of
Pa., a widowed sister-in-law of Dr. Schmcele.         Philadelphia, Pa., was born in
His early education was received in the in-        Allegheny county, Pa., May 2nd,
stitutions of Prussia, and his higher, partly in      I824.  His parents emigrated to
Prussia, and partly in  Pennsylvania.  In  this country from England, in I814, and lo840o-'4I, he attended lectures in the medical cated in Allegheny county. In this beautiful
department of the Pennsylvania College under valley the subject of this sketch was reared to
Professors George McClellan, Samuel Mc- agricultural pursuits. After a thorough acaClellan, Samuel George Morton, Samuel Cal- demic education, he entered Allegheny Colhoun, William Rush, and Walter R. Johnson, lege, at Meadville, Pa., in I845, and was graand was graduated March 2nd, I841.         duated, in I849, with the highest honors of
During his earlier studies, he was witness the institution. Immediately on leaving colto much sickness and suffering in his parental lege he commenced the study of medicine in
home, and was himself prostrated several Philadelphia, under the direction of W. Wiltimes by tedious and lingering sickness. He  liamson, M. D., and graduated at the Homoe
was treated by eminent practitioners of the opathic Medical College of Pennsylvania,
allopathic school in the severest style of what March 4th, I84I.
was called "heroic" treatment. The inju-   Upon taking his degree, he entered upon
rious effect of this treatment did much to mar the practice of medicine in West Philadelphia,
the enjoyments of his early life; and his sub- where he has continued during more than
sequent years were embittered by the terrible  twenty years.  In i86I, his AlmCa Mlater
ordeal through which he had passed. His elected him Professor of Materia Medica and
life was repeatedly jeopardized by the effects Institutes of Medicine, which chair he filled
of this injudicious treatment, and was pre- with great ability for two years, when he was
served only by the uncommon native vigor of compelled to resign on account of the increashis constitution. The same experience he  inlg demands of his professional duties.
was also called to witness in his mother's case,   Dr. Lee's admitted ability in the profession,
and especially in that of his elder brother, his unreserved devotion to duty, and his high
Dr. Bernard Berens. Trained as they had  reputation for probity and Christian virtue,
been in the traditions of allopathy-traditions  have not only secured him  a large and imhallowed by a venerable antiquity, and by an  portant practice, but have also done much
array of honored names-the personal treat- towards developing a just appreciation of the
ment they had received led them  to ponder cause of homceopathy.  From the assiduous
the merits of the new system, to the adoption  prosecution of his practice, he has never alof which they were easily led, but in the prac- lowed himself to be drawn aside by political
tice of which they exercise their, independent aspirations, nor has he ever held an office of
judgment.                                 profit save that of United States Pension Sur



io6                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
geon. The good Samaritan sees nothing but roots and herbs, and from association with
the wounds of humanity.  He has, however, him the subject of this sketch acquired a taste
been actively identified with various civil and  for the healing art. In the cure of chills and
military movements, looking to the interests fever, fever and ague, typhus, typhoid, spotted,
of this municipality. In the cause of popular and all the forms of Western fever, which
education, he has always manifested a lively  were then very prevalent, Conklin made himinterest. As an earnest of the people's con- self locally famous, and young Bowlsby, being
fidence in this direction, it may be added, he  his constant companion, learned the names,
has discharged the duties of School Director characteristics, and uses of the roots and herbs
for sixteen years.                         employed by him, many of which are now
As a writer,'Dr. Lee is forcible and pleas- in their improved form among the standard
ant. His valedictory to the graduating class remedies of all the schools. This was some
of I862, of the Homceopathic Medical Col- years before the introduction of podophyllin,
lege, on the doctrine of similitude, is a model hydrastin, macrotin, xanthoxylen, and  the
of rugged truth, in easy diction. In personal long list of concentrated preparations.  By
appeareance he is commanding; dignified in  the death of his father, in I843, the subject
mien; and in conversation, fluent and agree- of this sketch was thrown upon his own reable. In the sick-room, he is careful in diagno- sources, and not liking farming, he took up
sis, and strict in regimen.  His presence goes art, for which he had inherited some talent.
far in inspiring hope in the patient.      After a few lessons in drawing and colors, he
Dr. Lee is blessed with an interesting family. started as a landscape and portrait painter,
He is now engaged very assiduously in his achieving fair success. Subsequently he beprofessional labors, and enjoys the unlimited  came a journalist, starting the Huzdson Senconfidence and esteem of the people.       tinel, about 1850, a paper still published under
another name. Selling out of the Sentinel,
he turned his attention to daguerreotyping
and photography. During all this time, howOWLSBY, WILLIAM  HENRY, ever, his natural inclination had led him to
M. D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was study the best works on anatomy, physiology,
born at Ballston, Saratoga county, Materia Medica, and the collateral sciences.
N. Y., March 2nd, I828. At a In I86o, on the breaking out of the Rebellion,
very early age, he manifested an unusually  he determined to become a doctor, sold out
thoughtful and inquiring disposition, while his his business, and having complied with the
earnest and quiet deportment obtained for him  preparatory conditions, graduated at the Eclecthe sobriquet of "the deacon."  In I838, tic College in Philadelphia, in I863.  During
his parents moved to Michigan, his father, a the following year, desiring to see something
civil engineer, being engaged in the construc- of the war, he took a trip down the Potomac
tion of the Michigan Southern Railroad. He  and the Valley of the Shenandoah. At Winworked for some months with one of the sur- chester, Va., he was the guest of his old
veying parties, led by Levi N. Bowlsby, his friend, General G. A. Custar. At the close
uncle, and for the next six years worked on  of the war, he attended a course of lectures
his father's farm, going to a good school in  in New York, and finally established himself
Monroe during the winter.  His evenings on  in Brooklyn.  Soon after he accepted the
the farm were employed in teaching, with his chair of Female Diseases, also of Diseases of
brother and sister, the adult neighbors, mostly  the Heart and Lungs in the Hommeopathic
Canadian French, how  to read and write  Dispensary in Brooklyn; held it for a year
English. About this time, a person named  and resigning, received a very flattering exConklin was employed by the family; he pression of appreciation from Dr. Sumner, thee
proved to be familiar with the use of medicinal Medical Director, and the Board of Trustees.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             107
In i868, he received a diploma from  the  sion at a spring in Tennessee, his attention
Eclectic College, New York, and in the same  was attracted by the color of the soil in the
year, he opened a new dispensary, of which  vicinity, and, procuring some of it, took the
Hon. D. P. Barnard, LL. D., was made Pre- specimen to New York, where a chemical exsident, and himself Medical Superintendent, amination proved it to be yellow ochre, the
a position which he still holds. In I869, first discovered in the United States. He rehaving differences with some of his medical turned and leased the land, which subseassociates, he procured their expulsion, and  quently yielded a handsome revenue. Soon
they, having control of another organization  after, when travelling in New Jersey, he disof which he was a member, succeeded in  covered a fine clay, which on analysis proved
ejecting him from it. The circumstances at- to be a valuable article for manufacturing purtending these disputes becoming known in- poses. He purchased the land that contained
creased Dr. Bowlsby's popularity, and he now  the vein, and derived from it a considerable
enjoys a large, fashionable, and highly lucra- profit.
tive practice.                               Dr. Pettingill was connected, through her
In I869, he received the honorary degree  mother, with Dr. John Brooks, of Medfordof the College in Philadelphia, and was ap- formerly Governor of Massachusetts-so that
pointed to the chair of Gynecology;, he was her love for the study and practice of mecdialso elected Secretary of the State Medical cine was inherited from  both her parents.
Association, and at the National Association's  Her early education was conducted at home
meeting in Philadelphia, in January, I870, by a governess; afterwards she was placed in
was chosen chairman of the Committee on  the Charlestown Seminary, where she finished
Pharmacopoeia, a position he still occupies. her literary course.
He is also a member of the British Medical   On the I6th of August, I827, she was marAssociation, and several other medical socie- ried to John Pettingill, a merchant of Charlesties, state and local.                    town. In I833, they removed to Concord,
During his proprietorship of the Hudson  N. H., where Mr. Pettingill was engaged in
Sentinel, he married C. E. Venanken, of mercantile and official business, until the faiHudson, by whom he has six daughters.     lure of Mrs. Pettingill's health compelled her
As a physician, he is kind and sympathetic; absence from home each fall and spring for
as a surgeon judicious, conscientious, and  two years, before they decided to make Phifeeling, while firm and fearless. In politics ladelphia their home. In April, I856, her
and religion he is a liberal.             innate love of the study of medicine led her
to commence a regular course of instruction
for her own improvement, After two years
of study, she concluded to continue the third
ETTINGILL,, SARAH BROOKS, year, -if she could graduate honorably from
M. D., of Philadelphia; was born  the Pennsylvania  Medical University, of
-    in Charlestown, Mass., May I6th, which she had become a member. She did
I8Io, and was the eldest of seven  so, at the time having a very good practice,
children. Her father was Jacob Felt, a mer- which has been steadily on the increase.
chant of Charlestown, who afterwards studied    Dr. Pettingill having been a hornoeopathist
medicine and practised in Portsmouth, N. H., for many years, desired to enter the Homceuntil the failure of his health compelled his opathic College, and applied to the Dean for
return to Charlestown. Here he engaged in the  permission.  She was told, in reply, that the
iron business, which he followed until the  rules forbade her admission, but she was
time of his decease. In i808, he travelled  allowed to attend the lectures on practice and
through some of the Southern and Western  Materia Medica, if she would sit like a
States for his health. Stopping on one occa- "veiled nun" behind a partition, screened



io8                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
from the students.  She accepted the condi- descendants are now in nearly every State of
tion, and during two winters attended the lec- the Union, and the name embraces a full
cures, and gained much valuable instruction  share of the honors belonging to the learned
on homoeopathy, which she sought to make professions, and those of the highest stations
available to her success as a practitioner of judicial and political life.
among her own sex.                           Dr. Elliott was a pupil of Dr. R. M. WoodIt is eminently due to Dr. Pettingill to say  ruff, an eminent physician of Litchfield, Conn.,
that she is the pioneer woman in the practice  and a worthy representative of one of the
of homoeopathy in Philadelphia, where her oldest families of that celebrated county-seat
success has been very great. She is winning  -so prolific in distinguished scholars, who
fresh laurels from day to day among the rich  have enriched the country with true moral
and the poor. Her ear is ever open to the  and intellectual worth. He received the decalls of the suffering; her hand is ever ready  gree of M. D., at Yale College, when Drs.
to extend to them the valuable aid which it is Silliman, Ives, Knight, and Hooker were the
in her power to give; and like her blessed  shining lights in the medical department of
Master, the adorable Redeemer, she goes that institution. In  1847, he commenced
about on her ministry of mercy, seeking to  practice with Dr. Myron Hubbard, of New
accomplish her life work with a zeal that Hartford, Conn., but finding the extensive
knows no languor.                         rides and exposures incident to a country
She was elected a member of the Ameri- practice too great for his health, he accepted,
can Institute of Homoeopathy, in I87I, the  in 1848, the position of assistant physician in
year when women were first admitted as mem- the State Lunatic Asylum at Trenton, N.J.,
hers.                                      where he remained until I854. About that
Dr. Pettingill has five children; now living, date, in a foolish attempt to convince his
two sons and three daughters; three of whom, friends, and confirm his own belief in the abviz. two sons and one daughter, have entered  surdity and worthlessness of homceopathy, he
the medical profession.  Ehia Felt Pettingill experimented upon himself. When a torpid
graduated from the Woman's Medical College liver called for the usual blue pill (needing
in Philadelphia, in I864, and from the Penn- more and more frequent repetitions), he had
sylvania Medical College, in I865, having at- recourse to Bryonia in the third centesimal
tended four years courses of lectures before  dilution.  To his surprise he found that a
her first graduation. She is now associated  single teaspoonful from a tumbler half full of
with her mother in practice. John Brooks water, in which had been placed three drops
Pettingill is a graduate of the class of I870, of Bryonia, cured him in one night so thofrom the University of Pennsylvania, and is roughly, that no room was left for doubt of its
now giving his attention chiefly to surgery. effects. His experiments were continued with
George Dean Pettingill has for several -years similar satisfactory results, and ended in a rebeen a successful surgeon dentist.         moval to Brooklyn early in the year I854,.
where, in the office of Dr. A. Cooke Hall,
who with Drs. Wells, Rossman, and a few
others, was in the full tide of homceopathic
LLIOTT, JOSEPH   BAILEY, practice and success, he had the opportunity
M.D., of Brooklyn, N.Y., was of a more perfect investigation of the subject.
born in Sharon, Conn., July 2Ist, By industry and close observation, his first
1821. He is, in the seventh ge- experiment was fully confirmed, and he enneration, a direct descendant of the celebrated  tered upon an independent practice, founded
John Elliott, "the Apostle to the Indians,"  on the truth of the homeopathic law. An
and missionary in the early history and settle- experience of over nineteen years in this
ment of Boston and Roxbury, Mass. His principle has been both pleasant and satisfac






:a)(~~~~~~~~



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I09
tory. Dr. Elliott has had his full share of compelling him to return to the East, in Depublic honors, but a retiring disposition and a cember, I848, he returned to Baltimore, where
growing distaste for duties outside of his pro- he remained until 1857, when he went again
fession has induced him to leave such matters to Illinois, practising at Atlanta, Logan county.
to others. His greatest enjoyment is in the  In I86I,he located at Cleveland, Ohio, where
quiet domestic relations of home, and in the  he still labors faithfully for the advancement
retirement and responsibility of the sick-room. of the interests of his profession.  He is a
With strong convictions of truth and honor, member of the Cuyahoga County Medical
his opinions formed on that basis are most de.- Society, and of the Homoeopathic Medical
cided. Although on the best of social rela- Society of the State of Ohio. For a number
tions with the physicians of the allopathic  of years he was honored with an election to
school, he will not meet them professionally, membership of the Board of Censors of the
except upon his own basis of therapeutics. Cleveland Homceopathic  Medical College,
Dr. Elliott is a member of the American In- and during the existence of the Homceopathic
stitute of Homceopathy. He has a large and  Medical College for Women, he held the polucrative practice in the best section of the  sition of Professor of Materia Medica and
city, and finds his patronage-as is usual in  Diseases of Women and Children; and durhomeopathic practice-among the more in- ing one year (and until the homoeopathists
telligent classes.                         were excluded), he was one of the attending
physicians of the Wilson Street Hospital.
Since 1846, Dr. Cyriax has practised exclusively on homceopathic principles; and
YRIAX, E. C. BERNARD, M.D., while not rejecting the lower alternations,
of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in  uses chiefly the higher, never prescribing more
the city of Gotha, Germany, Au- than a single remedy at a time.
gust IIth, 1820. His father, Paul
Cyriax, was a merchant in that city. After                     _
having received a classical education at the
Gymnasium Ernestinum, in his native city, he       ROSS, WILLIAM  PLUMER, M.
commenced his studies in pharmacy, Materia           D., of Boston, was born in SanMedica, and medicine, in I837; and after             bornton, in the State of New
passing his examinations, and receiving his          Hampshire, on July 4th, I8i6.
degrees, he came to the United States, in  His ancestors were eminently patriotic.  His
I843, and settled in Baltimore as a physician. grandfather, Stephen Cross, resided in SalisHere he was led to examine the principles of bury, N. H.  His grandmother, whose maihomceopathy. After a careful and protracted  den name was Bowen, was a sister of Captain
examination, he gave it his cordial adhesion, Peter Bowen, who killed the Indians Sabattis
and since 1846, has practised it faithfully. and Plausawa, at the famous fight at Indian
In I847, he married an accomplished German  Bridge. His father, Abraham Cross, was born
lady, and went with her to the West. Settling  in the house formerly standing on the farm
in Springfield, Ills., he practised medicine in  adjoining the old Webster farm in Salisbury.
partnership with Dr. F. Kuechler, the firm  His mother, Ruth Sawyer, was a daughter of
being the pioneers of homeopathy in that Dea. Francis Sawyer, who was a soldier in
place. He here published a little pamphlet, both the French and Revolutionary wars, and
setting forth in popular language the superio- who had two sons killed on the same day in
rity of the homemopathic treatment, and giving  the battles which resulted in the surrender of
the people of Sangamon county the first op- Burgoyne, being then among the New Hampportunity to read something respecting its na- shire troops commanded by General Poor.
ture and value. The ill health of his wife    The early education of Dr. Cross was such



I IO                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
as could be acquired in the best schools of his    Dr. Cross graduated at the Cleveland Honative town. The older citizens there remem- mceopathic Medical College, in 1853, having
ber him in his boyhood as an industrious, in- studied under the direction of the celebrated
telligent student, and a thoughtful boy. At Dr. John C. Paine, of Albany, and has been
the age of eighteen, he became interested in  engaged in active practice since that time,
the State militia, and was at once elected an  principally in  Massachusetts.  During the
officer, and rising through all the intermediate  last fifteen years, so constantly has he been
grades, commanded the 38th Regiment of  engaged in his professional duties, that he has
New  Hampshire Militia.  His connection  allowed himself during all that time but nine
with the militia continued till he left his na- days vacation or respite from labor.
tive State for the West. In those early days,   Although of an active temperament and
it was the invariable custom for military com- popular manners, he has never held any polimanders of all ranks, to furnish intoxicating  tical office, having uniformly declined to acliquors freely to the men under their corn- cept any position which would take him from
mand, on all occasions when they had meet- his professional pursuits.
ings; but Dr. Cross firmly refused to comply    Dr. Cross married in I844, and has one
with this custom, and in an address to his child living, a daughter.  He is now one of
men, carried them  unanimously in favor of the oldest practitioners of homeopathy in
abandoning this habit.  He has been all his Massachusetts, and by-his large and successlife a total abstainer and an ardent advocate  ful practice has obtained a high position proof temperance in others. During the last fessionally, and has accumulated a competent
mentioned period, and up to the time of his fortune, although he has devoted much time
leaving New Hampshire, he served as a res- to the practice of his profession gratuitously
pected Magistrate of the County of Merri- among the worthy poor within the circle of
mack. After leaving school, he engaged in  his acquaintance.  Since he commenced the
active business with his eldest brother, and  practice of medicine, he has aided a number
then sought a wider field in the West.:   of young men in obtaining an education, and
Before leaving New  Hampshire, he had  watched their successful progress with great
become deeply interested in the study of me- interest. In fact, Dr. Cross has always been
dicine, from an association with a young me- ready, by all means in his power, to forward
dical student, and from reading medical works every movement in the religious and benevoobtained from him, and thus prepared the way  lent operations of the day.
for his subsequent career. This medical stu-   Dr. Cross is a member of the American
dent afterwards removed to the State of Illi- Institute' of Homceopathy, the Massachusetts
nois, and some years since represented in  Homceopathic Medical Society, the Boston
Congress a District in that State, Hon. R. S. Academy of Homoeopathic Medicine, and for
Moloney of Princeton, Ills.                a number of years, of the Boston Society of
Dr. Cross practised as an Old School phy- Natural History.
sician in Wisconsin, from whence he returned
to New England, and practised for several
years successfully in Springfield, Mass., now
Chicopee.  At the commencement of his              ITTENHOUSE,  SAMUEL  R.,
study of the homceopathic system, medical            M. D., of Reading, Pa., was born
books in English were rare, and most of the          near the Trappe, Montgomery
text books were in the German language; but          county, Pa., January I6th, 1832.
he availed himself of the instruction of a Ger- His father, Jacob D. Rittenhouse, was a farman scholar, and with his aid studied the medi- mer' in Montgomery county, Pa. He was a
cal books in that language, and thus became  man of full, robust habits, and died of apo.
well grounded in the principles of the science. plexy, April I7th, 1843, in his sixty-first year.



41/  5~.      l- 1'ub.    /    A1ila.cla
C  -2f XCtt                        a? 4          <.      7        /






HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           III
His paternal ancestors emigrated from Hol- sylvania, and the Reading Society of Natuland in I69o, and established the first paper ral Sciences.  He has contributed  some
mill in America, at Germantown, Pa.        papers to the medical journals of both schools.
On the completion of his preparatory edu- During the late war he was an enthusiastic
cation, Dr. Rittenhouse entered the Univer- advocate of the cause of the Union, and
sity of Pennsylvania, where he graduated in  contributed numerous articles to the local
I853. On leaving the university, he com- papers, designed to keep up the spirit of
menced practice as an allopathic physician, patriotism  among the people. In the year
near the Trappe, Pa. In the autumn of the  I863, he was the candidate of the Republican
same year he returned to Philadelphia, where  party in Lehigh county for the Legislature,
he attended another course of lectures at the but was defeated.  Since the close of the
University of Pennsylvania, and had the  war he has given no attention to politics, but
advantage of the Clinics at the Pennsylvania  has concentrated all his energies upon the
Hospital.  In the spring of I854, he entered  duties incident to his profession.
into partnership with Dr. Lesher Trevler, at
Long Swamp, Berks county, Pa., with whom
he had a large and remunerative business.          ALLIGANT, LOUIS A., M. D.,
At this time he had no confidence in the              of Savannah, Ga., was born Octohomceopathic system.  He had been taught             ber 25th, 1836, in Augusta, in the
to believe it a wretched delusion. During             same State.
the year 1855, however, he was witness to    His education was commenced at Savansuch marvellous results from the treatment nah, and completed at Brown University,
under that system, in several cases of disease, Providence, R. I., in the years I853-'55.
that in spite of all his prejudices against it, His medical studies extended over the years
he was induced to give it a patient and care-  I856-'58, in which latter he obtained his
ful investigation.  After thoughtfully reading  diploma at the Homceopathic Medical Colthe"Organon," and studyingthehomceopathic  lege of Philadelphia, Pa.
Materia Medica, he tested the medicines in    He associated himself in business with
practice, and became thoroughly satisfied of  Dr. J. M. Schley, of Savannah, continuing
the truth of the foundation principle of Hahne- with him  in practice until October, I866.
mann-simzilia similibus curantur.  From  He married Miss Mary Matilda Williamson,
that time his faith in allopathy died away, daughter of Dr. W. Williamson, of Philaand he devoted himself with earnest zeal to  delphia, but lost her in less than two years,
the new system which he had cordially and  she dying on July 25th, I867.
fully embraced.  In I857, he removed to    As might be expected in those stormy
Millerstown, Lehigh county, Pa., where for days, he entered the service of the Confedetwelve years he was engaged in a large and  rate States Army at the commencement of
laborious practice.  During his residence  the war in I86I, and was speedily raised to
there he was married to Miss Anna Maria the rank of Captain and Aid-de-camp on the
Shaffer.  His practice became  so large  staff of General Geo. P. Harrison of the
and onerous that his health was very much  Georgia State troops, and he also served as
impaired, causing a fear that he would be health officer of Savannah from I862 to I864.
obliged to surrender the duties of his pro-    Like most young men of that day he was
fession.  He left Millerstown for Reading, an ardent secessionist, and was the first to
Pa., in October i868, where he has since re- raise the banner of secession-the Georgia
sided.                                     rattlesnake: " Don't tread on me "-in JohnHe is a member of the Homceopathic Medi- son Square, Savannah, at 5 P. M., November
cal Society of Berks and Schuylkill Counties, 8th, I86o, two days subsequent to Mr. Linthe Homceopathic Medical Society of Penn- coln's election.



112                     BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
After the close of the war, and during the  health as to render a temporary abandonment
period of reconstruction, the subject of this  of his medical practice necessary, and he
sketch still retained the most lively interest consequently commenced operating in real
in political events, and especially in such as  estate in Savannah.  His speculations have
concerned his well-loved native State.  His  proved so profitable that he has been able to
penetrating mind showed him  the necessity  " lay by " a handsome fortune, and is geneof adopting a course of policy which should  rally considered " independent."
offer the hand of friendship to every class,    His residence was selected as the headrace and nationality in the community, should  quarters of the line forces, during the occuconciliate instead of repel, and tend to unite, pation of Sa-vannah by the army under Genein one homogeneous mass, the people of this  ral Sherman.
vast country under that glorious old flag    His family were mostly engaged in miliwhich has so long and proudly waved over tary pursuits, as his three brothers were all
the heads of our ancestors.  He adopted the  officers in the confederate army, as also his
advice of our Saviour: " Let the dead bury  brother-in-law, Major T. A. Burke, of Macon,
their dead."  Let by-gones be by-gones; but Ga.; and doubtless his own energies and
act in future so as to preclude the possibility  talents, which from  the state of the times
of their recurrence by rendering them  un- were naturally devoted to military or political
nsecessacy.   Entertaining  such  views, he  objects, would under other and more favoraframed the  organizations  known  as the  ble circumstances, have been enlisted in the
" Colored Conservative Clubs," which spread  cause of science, and his literary ability de
widely through the State, and struck a death  voted to the advancement of homceopathy.
blow at the " carpet-bag" political power in
Georgia.                                                           -
On the interesting occasion of presenting
the United States flag to one of these clubs,   -    TONE, HENRY  E., M. D., of
he made a lengthy and eloquent speech, in               Fairhaven, Conn., was born in
which, in glowing and poetical language, he            Danbury, Conn., on July 2oth,
portrayed his ideas respecting the true policy          1820.
of the South, which, to use his own expres-    He is of American parentage.  His early
sion, lay in " fighting for our rights under the education was obtained in the public schools,
oldfZag, and not by trampling it under foot."  and the academy of his native village.
His address won the sympathies of all classes,    Completing his literary studies, he comand at once entitled the speaker to rank as menced that of medicine in May, 1844, enone of the orators of the day. We have the  tering the office of Solomon Green, M. D.,
address before us, and would gladly gratify  of Otego, Otsego county, N. Y.  During
our readers by printing it, but regret that three years under the able and valuable inwant of space alone prevents our doing so.   struction of his preceptor he gained a thorough
The organizations above referred to are  knowledge of the theory of the allopathic
not the only acts of public usefulness for practice, and of general medical literature.
which his native State is indebted to him. During this time he attended the Castleton
He founded and developed the rapidly im- Medical College, taking in this institution
proving villages of Brownsville, Southville, three full courses of lectures, and receiving
Eastland and Gardenville, in the immediate  from it his degree of Doctor of Medicine, in
vicinity of Savannah, all of which are favor- the fall session of I847.  After his graduaably situated and in a flourishing condition.  tion he commenced the practice of his proAfter the death of his wife, Dr. Falligant fession at Otego, in company with his prewas prostrated by sickness; a severe attack  ceptor, Dr. Green, remaining with him  in
of typhoid or nervous fever so impaired his this relation until the spring of I85o, when



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                         I3
he purchased his interest. Being a progres- Geneva at the solicitation of Dr. L. de V.
sive and liberal student, his attention was Wilder, who presently retired from the field,
directed to the system of homceopathy, then  but only to return in the following spring.
rapidly rising in popular regard.         Partly on this account, he in the fall of 1855,
Putting himself under the instruction of accepted an invitation to practise in Fulton,
Dr. I. S. Huett, of Milwaukee, who had  where he remained until September Ist, I872.
brought the system to his notice specially, At first he encountered  as a homceopath
for two or three years he made patient and  violent opposition, but gradually and surely
complete observation of its practical benefits, he made his way, eventually acquiring the
and finally fully embraced its teachings. Re- friendship and intimacy even of the old-school
maining in Otego until the spring of I856, physicians. On the outbreak of the rebellion,
he sold his practice to Dr. S. C. War- he went to Albany, and passed with honor an
ren, and located at Fairhaven, Conn., where  examination by the State Medical Board, for
he continues to reside, and where he ably  a position as surgeon in the volunteer force,
expounds the law of Hahnemann, and prac- receiving a recommendation to any vacancy
tically illustrates it.                   he might find. But he wished to test homeeHe was married on September 3d, I85I, opathy in military practice, and this shut him
to Amanda, only daughter of Salmon Cun- entirely from the position he sought. Deterningham, of Otego, N. Y.                  mined to accomplish his purpose he enlisted
as a private in the second Oswego county
regiment, then forming.  Subsequently he
T OW, TIMOTHY  DWIGHT, was unanimously elected captain of Company
M. D., of Fall River, Mass., F, 8Ist N. Y. volunteers, and with it was an
was born at Elbridge, Onondago  active participator in the whole Peninsula
county, N. Y., September I6th,  campaign, under McClellan, during I862.
1829. His father, Timothy Stow, a native  He took part in nearly all the marches from
of Washington county, N. Y., and an alum- Fortress Monroe to within four miles of
nus of Hamilton College, N. Y., and Spring  Richmond, and was present at Williamsburg
Arbor College, Mich., was a Congregational and Fair Oaks, commanding the pickets of
clergyman, and an ardent, uncompromising  Casey's division in the latter battle, and being
reformer. His mother was born on Martha's in the thickest of the fight. Although sufferVineyard, and was a lineal descendant of ing for three months from chronic diarrhoea,
John Hancock, of revolutionary memory. he shared the fortunes of the army until it
He received an academical education, and  was forced back upon the James. Then he
enjoyed special advantages from the fact that petitioned for a sick furlough, which was not
his father was a teacher for years. Between  granted on the ground that no more officers
the age of fourteen and sixteen his health  could be spared, and that his case could not
was very delicate, necessitating some cessa- need much attention so long as he desired
tion of study and open air work on a farm. only homceopathic treatment. Growing worse,
During his seventeenth year he began to  he was mustered out and returned home,
learn architecture, and worked at it from  where he endured six weeks illness from the
April to November of each year, until he  effect of Chickahominy malaria; he has
was twenty-five, pursuing during the remain- never been entirely well since. Resuming
ing months his medical studies, attending four practice, he soon had his hands full. During
courses of lectures, the last two in the Cleve- the winter of I867, he temporarily held the
land Homceopathic College. He graduated  chair of Institutes of Medicine, general and
on March Ist, I854. Returning to his native  special pathology in the Homceopathic ColState, he opened an office in Phelps; but lege of Pennsylvania. In September, 1872,
seven months subsequently he removed to he removed to Fall River, Mass.
8



114                   BIOGRAPHItCAL  CYCLOPiE DIA  OF
His practice has been large and varied, medi-  about the same time; and these two gentlecal and surgical; has performed numerous  men are the senior homceopathic physicians
operations, many capital, and all successfully. of that place, and, indeed, of the entire ProHe has invented several surgical instruments, vince of Quebec.
such as the folding tongue depressor, curved    The doctor's practice is large, select, and
canula and piston for passing sponges and  lucrative, embracing a majority of the Ameritampions up the vagina, an elevator for reduc- can residents, as well as many of the best
ing retroversions of the uterus per rectum, etc. British and French families; and for the last
He is a member of the Oswego County, ten years, he has been Physician to the New
N. Y., the Central New York, and the New  England Society. At home the doctor was a
York State Homceopathic Societies; also of staunch Democrat, in Canada he is an adthe American Institute of Homceopathy.     vanced liberal.
He has always taken a lively interest in   In i866, he invented and patented a vacuum
public affairs, and in reference to emancipa- and electro-magnetic apparatus, which has
tion and temperance has always been a radi- been found of good service in the treatment
cal. He was Health Officer of Fulton during  of various chronic diseases, to the study of
one year, and was tendered the position a which he has paid much attention.
second time.  He ran for State Senator on    Since I87I, Dr. Utley has been experimentthe temperance ticket, in I87I, and though  ing, in the hope of perfecting an apparatus by
defeated ran ahead of his ticket.          means of which electricity may be used as a
He was married while residing at Geneva. motor power, and is now sanguine of ultimate
He visited South America in I850-'5I.      success.
Busily engaged in study, practice and the
development of his ingenious and valuable
inventions, the doctor was for a long while
TLEY, MAURICE  HOWELL, unable to devote the necessary time for the
M. D., of Montreal, Canada, was obtaining of his degree, but he finally went to
born in Canandaigua, N. V., Jan- Detroit, passed a rigid and thorough examiuary I4th, I828.                nation, and obtained his well merited diploma.
While still a youth, he became interested in    An original thinker, an active and energetic
the doctrines of Hahnemann, studied and at- business man, and a successful practitioner,
tended medical lectures, and was quite fami- our Canadian fiiends find in Dr. Utley a creliar with the collateral branches of a medical ditable representative of the American people.
education and the homceopathic theories, long  This sketch was furnished to us by Dr. Thobefore he thought of becoming a physician.   mas Nichat, an old and well-known practiWhen about twenty-five years of age, he de- tioner.
cided upon the practice of medicine as a pro-              ----
fession, and became a student with J. S. Douglas, M. A., M. D., one of the most eminent        UINBY, WATSON FELL, M.D.,
physicians of the Northwest. Together, they           of Wilmington, Del., was born
experimented with many native plants, and to          near Brandywine Springs, Newtheir labors the homeopathic Materia Medica           castle county, Del., on December
owes the incomparable Gelseminum semper-  I6th, I825. His ancestors were English and
virens. In 1859, business called Dr. Utley to  among the earliest settlers in this country,
Montreal, where on the pressing invitation of coming over in the seventeenth century. One
several prominent American residents, he de- of them was a resident of Westchester county,
cided to locate; although entitled to it, he had  N. Y., where he married Mary Molyneaux,
not yet taken his degree. Dr. Frederick  in I689. From the age of five until eleven,
Miiller established himself in Montreal at Dr. Quinby attended the district schools,






-cl:TL~t5'-) 1; _j1 CT



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           II5
thereafter for five years studying at West-town  tific American of February X7th, I872. He
Boarding School, an establishment directed  has also designed several machines with a
by the Society of Friends. Thence he went view to solve the problem of aerial navigation.
to Haverford College, and subsequently to the
Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia,
where, after attending three courses of lectures, he graduated in the class of I847. Be-       ICHARDS, GEORGE W., M.D.,
ing accustomed to the study of the exact              of Orange, N. J., was born in Cosciences, he was struck by the absence of             lumbia, N. J., November 28th,
method in the practice of medicine, and               I829.  He is descended on his
would probably never have practised it, had  father's side from Puritans, and on his mother's
he not on investigating homceopathy found in  side is a scion of the Huguenots.  Having
it a key to the formulation of what previously  passed through the preparatory academic stuwas merely a confused collection of facts. dies, he became a pupil in medicine with Dr.
After spending some time travelling through  Green, an able and accomplished physician in
the Northern and Southern States, he settled  Madison, N. J. Continuing with him for two
at Dover, Del., but soon removed to Mobile, years and a half, he went to New York, and
Ala., talking up the practice of Dr. Belden, entered the office of a relative, Lewis A.
who had left for New Orleans. Although the  Sayre, M. D., a distinguished surgeon of that
practice proved lucrative, a love of adventure  city, with whom he studied a year and a half.
led him to cross the Plains with the California  Matriculating at the College of Physicians
pioneers, in I849. Three years later, he paid  and Surgeons, New York, he graduated there,
a short visit to Delaware.  Marrying on Feb- in 1853. He applied for a position in the
ruary 22nd, I855, Miss Annie  Giffin, he  New York State Emigrant Hospital, and resettled down to practise in his native place. ceived the appointment of Assistant House
In I863, he removed to Wilmington, where  Physician. In this office, he acquitted himhe has since continued to reside.          self so efficiently, that in three months, he
Although he has seen no active service, he  was tendered the position of House Physician.
has somewhat of a military record.  He vo- This promotion was as complimentary as such
lunteered during the Mexican war, joining a advancement was unusual, the requirement
company raised by Colonel Hemphill Jones, being a year's residence as assistant. During
now of Washington; he also drilled a com- his connection with this institution, embracing
pany of Home Guards at the outbreak of the  about eighteen months, nearly eioghleenz thouRebellion.                                 sand patients were treated, or one thousand
In politics he has always declined to par- per month.
ticipate actively; the only public position he    He next visited Europe, and made a carehas ever held was upon the Board of Educa- ful and critical examination of the hospitals
tion, of which he was a member for several of London, Dublin and Paris; and on his
years.                                     return, commenced practice in New York city.
Agriculture and the mechanical arts have  A vacancy occurring in the medical staff of
engaged much of his attention. In connec- the Hewitt Dispensary, he was chosen out of
tion with George G. Lobdell, of Wilmington, twenty-one applicants to fill the position. He
he invented a rotary digger, of which an illus- continued there for fifteen months, during
tration and description appeared in the Scien- which time twenty thousand patients were
ti/c Avzerican, of September 3oth, I87I.  treated. While here, he began to experiment
He has also invented a brick for the construc- with some of the homceopathic remedies, in
tion of arches without the employment of  chronic cutaneous diseases, and to his great surforms or centres, designed for use in fireproof prise found them prompt and efficient. These
buildings; a description appears in the Scien- results so fully convinced him of the superiority



Ii6                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAE DIA  OF
of the homoeopathic system, that he em- formed a partnership with his preceptor, Dr.
braced it, tendered his resignation to the dis- Watson, which continued for two years. He
pensary, and in a short time was appointed  then was engaged in partnership for about a
one of the physicians to Fulgraph's Homoe- year and a half with Dr. Mayer, of Leavenpathic Dispensary, the largest institution of worth; and is now practising by himself.
the kind in New York. After three years of    Dr. Edie was one of the founders of the
steady practice in New York, he went to  Homceopathic Medical Society of Kansas,
Newark, N. J., and formed a partnership  in which society he held the offices of Secrewith Dr. Lafon, one of the oldest and ablest tary and Treasurer for three years; and has
homceopathic physicians in that city. In a been recently elected Vice-President.
few weeks, with the co-operation of Dr.
Lafon, he established a homceopathic dispen- 
sary, the first in the State. He opened at
the same time, a branch office in Orange,          EWELL, WILLIAM   HENRY,
four miles distant, of which he assumed the          M. D., of Jersey City Heights,
charge. This arrangement lasted one year,            N. J., was born in the city of
when on the dissolution of the partnership           New York, on the Ig9th of Febhe removed to Orange, Dr. Lafon remaining  ruary, I837.
in Newark. He has a successful practice,   His Father, Reverend Daniel Newell, well
and has gained largely the confidence of the  known as the editor of several leading pericommunity.                                odicals, dying while he was quite young, his
He has served as President of the Homce- mother removed to Frederick, Md. (that
opathic Medical Society of the Eastern Dis- being her native city), placing him under the
trict of New Jersey, and has contributed to  guardianship of his uncle, Dr. Albert Ritchie,
the literature of his profession, through the  a distinguished physician of that locality,
pages of The New Eng land Medical Gazelle; from which association in early life, he most
The Northl American yournal of flHonzojo5a- likely acquired a fondness for the life of a
thy, and The Hfomceopatlic World, of London. medical man.
He was married December 23d, I86I, to    He was prepared for college at the oldest
Miss Lydia Amelia Doland, of New York city. and best known school in New England,
Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. He finished his academical course at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., and then commenced his
DIE, JOHN JACOB, M. D., of medical studies in the office and under the
Leavenworth, Kansas, was born  tutelage of the renowned surgeon, Professor
September 21st, I836, at Marcy, Nathan R. Smith, of Baltimore.
near Utica, N. Y. His father   After being elected by the Faculty of the
was an American by birth, but of German  University of Maryland a resident student of
descent. His mother was a native of Leav- the Baltimore Infirmary, he resided in that
enworth.  Her father came from Connecticut hospital until he had completed his first course
near the close of the last century, and settled  of medicine, then taking his second course
in the Mohawk Valley. His early education  at the University of Pennsylvania, he received
was received in the Utica Free Academy, his degree of Doctor of Medicine in the
and the Fairfield Academy.  He then en- Spring of I859. The period between this
tered Yale College, and graduated in I864. date and the war was spent in travelling, and
His medical degree was received from the  in the study of disease in different hospitals.
Bellevue Hospital Medical College, having  Arriving in Baltimore, Md., the day after
pursued his medical.studies with Dr. Wm. that memorable riot at the  commenceH. Watson, of Utica. On his graduation he  ment of the war, and being an advocate of






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Galaxy Pub. Co. Philadia.
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HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           117
" States Rights," he remained with the crack  ated.  But those positions he declined, and
regiment of Baltimore,-the 5th Maryland  entered into partnership with Dr. Morrow, in
Guards (of which he was a member) until the spring of I849. In the same year he
their disbandment, and the removal of the was married to Miss Sarah E. Palmer. In
majority with their armory to Virginia on the  that year the cholera broke out in great
night that General Butler with his command  severity, overwhelming the physicians with
took possession of the city of Baltimore.  the pressure of labor. Drs. HIunt and Morrow
Shortly after his arrival in Virginia he was called to their aid Dr. E. A. Looze, now of
commissioned a surgeon, and served the  Detroit, who rendered them valuable help.
Confederate States in that capacity with  During the prevalence of the cholora in I850,
honor and distinction until the close of the  Dr. Hunt made his first tests of the value of
war, when he settled in his present home. homceopathy in the treatment of his patients.
After close and careful investigation of the  His success was so marked, that he gradually
principles of homeopathy, he became con- introduced homceopathy into his practice in
vinced that they were the true means of suc- all diseases.  Indefatigable in his profescess in treating disease. And the success sional duties, he secured for himself an exthat has attended his thorough study of the  tensive practice, and the reputation of a suc-:
system is attested by his large list of patients  cessful and skilful physician. This reputaand a host of friends. He is a member of the  tion he has continued to maintain.  He has
American Institute of Homceopathy, an offi- won great renown in the successful treatment
cer of the New Jersey Society for the Pre- of many cases in which older and more exvention of Cruelty to Animals, and a member perienced allopathic physicians had signally
of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, failed.  In these he has gained for homceoof the Jersey City Dispensatory.           pathy some of its most brilliant trophies. In
1855, Dr. Hunt, in connection with the late
Professor B. L. Hill, edited and published
his first work on "The Homceopathic PracUNT, JAMES GEORGE, M. D., tice of Surgery."  This work had a rapid
of Cincinnati, O., was born there  sale, soon exhausting the edition. In that
Sept. 2d, 1822.  On his father's year he was elected to the chair of Surgery
side he is descended from one  in the Western Homceopathic College, in
of the pioneer settlers of Cincinnati, and on  Cleveland, O., but resigned in the year folhis mother's side, he traces his genealogy to a lowing.  In I866, the publishers of The
branch of the family of General Washington. Hornaoa1pt/ist, a publication started by Dr.
His early education was received in Middle- C. Cropper, at Cincinnati, deciding to contown, O., and the Woodward College, Cin- tinue it, Dr. Hunt was invited to its editorial
cinnati.  From there he proceeded to Yale  charge, and for a time performed the duties
College. His recall home by the extreme  incident to it. But this additional burden to
illness of his mother hindering his graduation  a large practice, compelled him to retire from
with his class, he did not return, but imme- the editorial chair, though against the rediately commenced the study of medicine  monstrances and entreaties of his profeswith Dr. F. V. Morrow, the founder of the  sional brethren, and notwithstanding  the
Eclectic Medical College in Cincinnati, and  unanimous vote of the Homceopathic Society
its Professor of Theory and Practice.  Upon  in Cincinnati, that he would continue as its
his graduation, Dr. Hunt was offered the  sole editor. On his suggestion the Homeet>
professorship  of chemistry in  a medical pathic Society assumed the control of the
school recently established in Memphis; and  journal.  Dr. Hunt has published several
the position of Demonstrator of Anatomy in  valuable essays, which have been extensively
the Eclectic College at which he had gradu- circulated, and widely copied. One of these,



I I8                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAED IA  OF
" On Cancer," has attracted marked attention  His parents were remarkable for their devoted
for its ability.  His "Address to the Sanitary  piety, and the purity of their lives. They
Commission," in which he vindicates with  early taught him  the precepts of virtue,
great force the superiority of homceopathic  morality and religion, inculcating a high sense
practice, and urges the establishment of a of his moral obligation to God, and his duty
homceopathic hospital in each department, to his fellow men. Impressed in early life
has received high commendation for its strong  with his religious duty, and desiring to acarguments proving the superiority of homoe- complish all the good possible for him  to do
opathy over allopathy.  During the Cholera  in life, he determined to prepare for the minseason of I866, an article from his pen on  istry. He entered upon his preparatory course
"The Prevention and Domestic Treatment at East Greenwich, R. I., and afterward
of Cholera" was published in all the daily  became a student at the Maine Wesleyan
papers of Cincinnati, and extensively copied. Seminary at Kents Hill. After a most thoHis health, never robust, has compelled him  rough and complete preparation (which gave
to use great caution in his devotion to lite- marked evidence of assiduous application to
rary labors. Possessing considerable inven- his studies), he entered what is now known
tive genius, he has made and perfected several as the Boston Theological University, from
valuable inventions.                       which he graduated in 1852, and entered
In 1872, in connection with Dr. Alonson  immediately upon the labors of his minisBishop, of Ithaca, N. Y., Dr. Hunt com- try.  Probably  not possessing  a remarkmenced a new enterprise in the refitting and  ably strong constitution, having studied so
refurnishing of the White Sulphur and Tar unremittingly during his collegiate course,
Springs property, near Cloverport, Breckin- and then entering with enthusiastic zeal to
ridge county, Ky., with the design of making  accomplish the great purpose of his life, it
it a model sanitarium. Dr. Hunt was engaged  is not to be wondered at that his health gave
during three previous years in testing the  way.
value of these medicinal waters.  He has    By reason of this fact he was compelled to
effected by their use important cures of bron- relinquish the duties of his high calling and
chitis, tetter, syphilis, and varicose ulcers. seek employment less fatiguing to mind and
Some of these have been reported in the  body.  He adopted the profession of teacher,
homceopathic journals, especially in the Pro- and for several years taught an English and
ceedings of the Homoeopathic Society of  classical school. While in collegehe suffered
Ohio in I870. In this beautiful spot Drs. from a severe attack of rheumatism, and obHunt and Bishop are laboring to build up a taining no relief by the " old school" treatsanitarium which shall be an honor to homce- ment, he became so disgusted with the whole
opathy, and a blessing to suffering humanity. system of allopathy, that he was led to invesFor the success of this enterprise they will tigate the claims of homceopathy.  By this
have the good wishes of the profession.    investigation, he became a thorough convert
to the faith. In 1856, he purchased the
------ 0-0-           standard works on homceopathy, and employed all his spare time in making himself
INKS, EZEKIEL FRANKLIN, familiar with its teachings and practice, which
M. D., of Marlborough, Mass., for ten years he put to practical use by being
was born in  Bucksport, Me., his own family physician and the physician
August Ioth, I820. His mater- of many of his neighbors.
nal ancestry can be traced back in direct line    Impelled by the love he had for the science,
to Governor Winthrop, the first Governor of  and a sense of the good he would be enabled
Massachusetts, from which State his parents to accomplish, he determined to give up
removed at an early day to the State of Maine. teaching, and devote his whole time and



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               I9
energies to the homceopathic practice of  Sincethen he has been in active practice in
medicine.  To consummate this end, he Jersey City.
matriculated at the New York Homceopathic   In his student days he was a most bitter
College, and from which he graduated in  opponent of homceopathy, carrying his oppoI867. The same year he was elected a mem- sition to ridiculous extremes.  In his precepber of the American Institute of Homceo- tor's library he found many homecopathic
pathy.                                     text-books, and in them he sought statements
He engaged in practice for a time, at and declarations with which to ridicule their
Thomastown, Me., where during the first authors and their doctrines.  He procured
year he won the patronage of one hundred  some of the remedies prescribed, and careand twenty families, who had theretofore been  fully studying the symptoms, exhibited them
swedded to the" old school" practice. After- in the cases of prisoners and others placed
ward he removed with his family to Marl- under his care. The results soon staggered
borough, Mass., where by his successful his belief in the accuracy of his old notions,
practice he has established a large paying  yet it was not until a homceopathic physician
business, and reflected honor on the profes- had successfully brought him  through an
sion.                                      attack  of fever, to which  his allopathic
advisers had declared he must succumb, that
he became seriously convinced that the new
theory was worth studying for itself.  Study
OULIN, JOHN J., M. D., of Jer- was soon followed by conversion; but although
sey City, N. J., was born in Ru- practising homceopathy, he hesitated to anpert, Benington county, Vt., on  nounce the change in his opinions to his disDecember 3Ist, 182I, and is a tant friends, having been so violent in his
descendant of the old English nobility, the  opposition to it, and it was not until he had
family name appearing in the English archives been two years engaged in following its preas Ulin.  After receiving a sound educa- cepts that his parents knew he had become a
tion at the Auburn Lyceum, Auburn, N. Y., homceopath. When he removed into New
for the purpose of studying medicine he en- Jersey there were but few homceopathic phytered the office of Augustus Willard, M. D., sicians or patrons in the State, but since that
an allopathic surgeon enjoying a high repu- time no State has gained in both with greater
tation in southern New York, and late Presi- rapidity.  In Jersey City and Hudson county
dent of the New York Medical Society. Two  the homeeopaths occupy a position equal to
years later, after attending a partial course of  that of the old school in public confidence and
lectures at Geneva College, he became a stu- esteem. Dr. Youlin has always borne himdent of Alanson Briggs, M. D., of Auburn, self toward the allopaths with independence
late Professor of Surgery in the Geneva  and firmness, combined with courtesy and
Medical College, an accomplished teacher respect, thereby gaining their esteem, and
and a splendid surgeon. Dr. Briggs was at compelling a respect equal to that they pay
the time surgeon to the State prison at Au- members of their own school.  He is at
burn, so that the subject of this sketch re- the present time one of the oldest practising
ceived unusually good advantages both of  physicians in Hudson county, and has secured
practice and of anatomical study.  He en- numerous friends, not only in the medical
tered the Medical University of New York  connection, but politically, and has been on
for the course of I847-'48, and graduated at several occasions elected to positions of trust
Cleveland in I854. He was connected for by his fellow-citizens.  He is a member of
some time with the New York Dispensary, the Baptist Church, and has been such for
in White Street, and simultaneously with Dr. over thirty years.
Detmold's clinic  of orthopcedic surgery.    Dr. Youlin was President of the New Jersey



1 20                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP_/EDIA  OF
State Homoeopathic Medical Society  for of 1858, doing a constantly increasing busieleven years, remaining in that position until ness. Then he concluded to go West, seeing
after the obtainment of a charter from  the  there a wider field for his energies.  His first
Legislature in I870. He is now President point to locate at was Wankegan, Ills., where
for the second year, of the Hudson County  he persevered in practice until the death of
Homceopathic Medical Society; a medical, his wife, to whom he had been married while
director of the Jersey City Dispensary; he  residing in Norristown, in the spring of I85I.
was Vice-President of the American Institute  From  Wankegan he removed  to Galena,
of Homceopathy in I870-'72; and is now  where he occupied a continually improving
President of the Hudson County Society for position for four years, and where he was
the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.      again married in January, I862. In the fall
He has contributed largely to the local of that year he concluded to emigrate farther
press, and has carried on several protracted  west, and proceeded to Winona, Minn., where
discussions upon medical topics, interestingly  he still resides, and where he has established
and profitably to the public.  His medical a very high reputation, and enjoys a lucrative
writings have not yet seen the light, except a practice.
few addresses read before home societies.    His whole life from the age of sixteen has
been devoted to the study and practice of
-medicine. He is still an earnest student, and
being a man of progressive ideas, he keeps
E I R C E, THOMAS  ADAMS, well in line with the most advanced medical
M. D., of Winona, Minn., was thought of the day. He is a very attentive
born at Kittery Point, Me., on  and sympathetic physician, and  therefore
December 20oth, I829. His father, readily secures the confidence of those whom
a sea captain, was a native of Kittery, and  he is called upon to attend, a confidence
the son of Daniel Peirce, an honest and in- which his skill always eminently justifies.
telligent farmer, whose father was Dr. Daniel   He was appointed an examining surgeon
Peirce, a worthy physician of his day. The  by John H. Barrett, Commissioner of Pensubject of this sketch enjoyed good educa- sions, on December Ioth, I862, a position he
tional advantages.  Hie attended school at held until he removed to Minnesota in I863.
Bath, Me., and subsequently became a student This is the only public office he has ever held.
in Litchfield Academy, Me.  On leaving
Litchfield he proceeded to Philadelphia, and
commenced the study of medicine with Dr.
A. E. Small, in August, I847. He attended           ENEDICT, THOMAS  BENJAtwo full courses of lectures in the Medical    l      i[ MIN, M. D., of Ionia, Mich.,
Department of the Pennsylvania College.               is a native of Orange county, N.
Not being then of age he was required to              Y., and was born March 28th,
attend a third course, which, having become a  I829. He is descended from  an historic
convert to the homeopathic faith, he took at family, his grandfather, Daniel Benedict, havthe Pennsylvania Homceopathic Medical Col- ing bravely struggled in arms during the
lege, Philadelphia, from which institution he  revolutionary war, and his father, John Benegraduated with distinction in the spring of dict, having distinguished himself during the
I850. He then opened an office at Norris- war of I812. He enjoyed the advantages of
town, Pa., and for four years continued to  a liberal secular education, which was successpractise in that place, securing a considerable  fully terminated by a year's study at the Unishare of the best patronage. In the fall of  versity of Ann Arbor, Mich.
I854, he removed to Wilkesbarre, in the same    During his collegiate course, Dr. Benedict
State, and there he remained until the spring  was much interested in the principles of



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HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             121
homceopathy, and after investigating the sys- scientific knowledge of Dr. Benedict have
tem, and testing the remedies to be applied, overcome all opposition, and, coupled with his
he became so convinced of the truth of Hahne- extraordinary success in the treatment of dismann's doctrine that he entered the Homce- ease, have placed him in the position he had
opathic Medical College, at Cleveland, O., so well merited, that of head of the mediwhere he graduated with honor in I86r.     cal profession in Ionia, where he enjoys a
Possessed of the requisite knowledge, the  more lucrative practice than any of his comnnext step was to reduce it to practice; and  petitors. Other homceopathic physicians have
after considerable search, Dr. Benedict de- been induced to settle there, and have a fair
cided to establish himself in Ionia, Mich., a practice, whilst the truths of the system  of
village at that time of about I700 inhabitants, homceopathy have been widely disseminated,
all of whom, with very few exceptions, were  and may be said to have taken effectual root
strongly prejudiced against the " new system "  throughout the whole of Ionia county.
of medical practice. This prejudice had re-   The above sketch carries with it a moral
cently been greatly increased by circumstances  and impressive lesson to all young homceopaconnected with a trial for murder. The mur- thists, warning them not to be discouraged at
dered man had been attended by a homceo- the outset, assuring them  that a good tree
pathic physician, and the counsel for the  will bring forth good fruit, and that " truth is
defence persuaded the jury that had an allo- great and will prevail."  Let them not be
path been called in his life might have been  discouraged; a skilful workman may perhaps
saved; as it was he was sacrificed to the  produce a creditable piece of work with inignorance of a " quack," etc.              different tools, but give him tools of the most
Although within a radius of five miles there  approved make and quality, and he cannot
were only five families friendly to homceo- fail to produce a masterpiece.
pathy, the young doctor, in spite of previous    Dr. Benedict's success was so greatly befailures of his predecessors, determined to  yond his expectations that he felt justified, two
give the place a trial for at least one year, years after he commenced practice, in assumand accordingly established his office in an  ing the responsibilities of a wife and family,
obscure building and awaited events.       and accordingly on the 22d of October, i863,
The prospects of Dr. Benedict at this time he was married to Miss Sara Whipple, who
were anything but encouraging.  All the  has proved a most congenial companion to
talent and influence of the long established  him, rejoicing in his success, cheering him in
physicians of the " old school " were arrayed  his despondency, and ever exhibiting a lively
against him, the population was prejudiced, interest in the advancement of the cause of
and his few friends, though desirous of assist- homoeopathy.
ing him, could give him but little encouragement as to his final success.
To a man of Dr. Benedict's temperament,           OON, HENRY  CLARK, A. M.,
retiring, shy amongst strangers, backward in          M. D., of Alfred Centre, N. Y.,
conversation, young and inexperienced, the            was born  in West Edmeston,
situation was, to say the least, disheartening;       Otsego county, N. Y., on January
but he had faith in the soundness of the  28th, I828. His ancestors were of Scotchprinciples he had adopted; he remembered  Irish descent, and on coming to this country
the proverb: "Mlafgna est veritas etprevaZebit,"  settled in Rhode Island. Thence his grandand took courage.                          father emigrated to Otsego county, and settled
But to use another adage, "Time works in West Edmeston, when his father Was a mere
wonders," and a single decade has seen this lad, the country being at that time quite new.
state of affairs entirely changed. The skill, His father, Ezra Coon, was a farmer, and
excellent judgment, energy, perseverance, and  brought him  up in that business. Loving



122                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPrEDIA  OF
study, he made the most of his opportunities  opathic  Medical College of Pennsylvania
in the district school, availing himself to the  and having observed the usual curriculum he
utmost of its library. At nineteen he entered  obtained his degree of M. D. in I855.
De  Ruyten  Institute, where he enjoyed    After graduating, he removed to the West,
ample facilities for pursuing his favorite  took up his abode at Mount Carroll, Ills., and
study-the natural sciences. After passing  opened an office for the practice of homceofive terms as a pupil, he engaged in teaching  pathic medicine and surgery. There he has
for a time, but his health failing he was com- resided for the past eighteen years, earnestly
pelled temporarily to follow another occupa- and faithfully devoting the talents with which
tion.  On November, 2Ist, 1851, he married  he is gifted, to the advancement of the good
L. Elvira Stillman, a lady of superior culture, cause, finding his reward in his own conand with her has since been almost constantly  science, and in the large and lucrative pracoccupied in teaching in different academies in  tice which his well known ability has earned
the country.                               for him  amongst all classes of his fellowHis first course of medical lectures he took  townsmen.
at Bowdoin College, Me., in i86i. Becom-    A  staunch believer in the doctrines of
ing convinced of the superiority of the hom- homceopathy, and a zealous advocate of its
ceopathic system of medicine he devoted him- principles, he has identified himself with
self to its study, and his preference being  every genuine endeavor calculated to advance
known, he was frequently called upon to pre- its interests. He was elected President of
scribe for those who preferred that practice. the  Illinois State  Homceopathic  Medical
He graduated in Alfred University in I868, Society in I87I.
and in 187I he received the degree of A. M.
Taking his second course of lectures at the
New York Homceopathic College, he received  l       MITH, AMOS BIRD, M. D., of
their degree of M. D. in I872, and in the             Geneva, Ontario county, N. Y.,
same year was elected to the chair of Physi-          was born in Hector, Tompkins
cal Science in Alfred University.  Being in-          county, N. Y., October Ist, I8I9.
capacitated, for a time at least, for active work His father was the late Hon. Caleb Smith,
by an injury to his knee, he accepted the  for many years a county Judge, and highly
position, and commenced his labors in Sep- respected for his great moral worth, and intember, 1872.  This position  affords him  tegrity and Christian usefulness.
many opportunities for advancing the cause    His academic and collegiate studies were
of true medical science, and regarding the  pursued at Lima, N. Y. Under the direction
general recognition of homoeopathic princi- of his brother, Dr. Horace Smith, and of his
ples as a matter of most vital importance, he  brother-in-law, Dr. C. P. Farlin, he comimproves these opportunities to the utmost.   menced  to read medicine; and after two
courses of lectures at the Medical College in
Geneva, received his diploma in the winter of
I844-'45. In the year following he enjoyed for
cAFFEE, EDWIN  M., M. D., of  one term  the advantages of the New York
Mount Carroll, Ills., was born at College of Physicians and Surgeons, of the
Towanda, Pa., July 7th, I832. Hospital, and of the Eye and Ear Infirmary.
After terminating his scholastic  For seven years he was a medical practieducation in his native town, he entered the  tioner in Ovid, Seneca county, N. Y., where
office of Dr. Leonard Pratt, of Towanda, in  his business became so extensive, and the
I85I, for the purpose of reading medicine, exposure in all states of the weather so great,
and preparing himself for a University course. as to seriously undermine his health, and renHe afterwards matriculated in the Homee- der necessary a change of field. After the



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            I23
first five years of his residence in Ovid, he  tumors, etc., that we regret we are not able
was constrained to renounce the allopathic, to give to these more than a passing notice.
and to adopt as preferable, the homeopathic  The services he has rendered in this departtheory of medicine, which he has since prac- ment have been invaluable to the profession
tised with increasing satisfaction and advan- and the public.  It is his intention to publish,
tage.                                      as soon as time will permit, an account of
Soon after leaving Ovid, he visited Clifton  his improved system of ventilation and house
Springs, N. Y., where Dr. Henry Foster had  warming.
established a water cure, and by whom he was   In the " Transactions of the American
invited to remain, and to become a partner in  Institute of Homceopathy " for I872, an able
business. This offer was not accepted; but in  paper from his pen appears, on " Uterine and
I853, Dr. Smith, in connection with his brother, Ovarian Tumors-their Causes, and the PrinDr. Horace Smith, established the Hygienic  ciples of their Cure, Generically and SpeciInstitute in Geneva, N. Y., and of this, since  fically considered."
1855, he has had  the exclusive charge,   Among his other inventions is a self-feedalthough his practice has not been confined  ing boiler, for which he recently secured a
to it. In the conduct of this flourishing in- patent.  He has one in operation in his instistitution, and in family practice, he makes it tute, in addition to a steam radiator and steam
a prominent object to interest his patients in  oven, and hopes, as soon as his time will perthe laws of health, and thus to enable them, mit, to publish a description of it, with a
as far as possible, to render. medical service  statement of its nature and advantages on the
unnecessary.  Frequent lectures are delivered  side of health and economy.
by him in the institute on hygiene with this    The ruling motive of Dr. Smith in all his
object in view, and also upon cognate sub- practice and influences, is to do good as a
jects. In the treatment of patients, he relies  Christian Physician, rather than to advance
not only upon homceopathic remedies, but his own pecuniary interests.  He is an enupon a careful adaptation of diet to the con- lightened and warm-hearted philanthropist,
dition of the patient, and upon the use of  ever taking pleasure in diffusing such knowvarious forms of exercise, voluntary and in- ledge as will benefit the public, and  in
voluntary, according to the " Swedish move- endeavoring to induce to such habits of life
ment" practice.  He makes frequent use of  as will promote general health and happiness.
electric baths, and of the galvanic battery in
local applications.
Dr. Smith has for several years applied
himself closely to the study of the best modes      OWNER, DANIEL AKIN, M.D.,
of ventilating and warming houses, as being           late of Elmira, N. Y., was born
most intimately related to the health of the          in Towner, Putnam  county, N.
community.  Quite recently he has adopted             Y., on September 6th, I8o6. tHis
the method which he has devised as the re- ancestors came from Wales in the middle of
suit of much study and of numerous experi- the last century, that branch from which he
ments with a model, and for which he has ob- was more immediately descended, settling in
tained a patent. He heats his establishment the rugged but productive county of Putnam,
by a steam apparatus of his own contriving, upon the spot where some of their name
and a large part of the cooking is performed  still continue to live. Dr. Towner, early in
by steam. He has given so much and so  life, manifested a taste for the profession
close investigation to the subject of alimenta- which he afterwards adopted, and was given
tion, and hygiene generally, embracing the  as good an education as the immediate neighkinds of food and mode of preparation, and  borhood of his father's home afforded. Dr.
ventilation and heating, the treatment of  Benedict, a Presbyterian clergyman, of Pat.



124                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
terson, a village hard by, a gentleman still down with a Western fever, which had a
living at an advanced age, took a number of  fatal termination in thirty-six hours from  the
pupils from  the well-to-do farmers of the  first attack.  He died August 28th, I857, in
neighborhood, and with him, Dr. Towner the fifty-first year of his age.  His memory
went through a course of study as thorough  is yet fresh and green in the hearts of hunand as advanced as could be obtained at any  dreds of people, whom he had known and
college. He passed the earlier years of his  cared for in their distress, and whom he had
medical studies in the office of Dr. Howland, lifted out of misery and suffering.
a physician in high standing in the same village, and was graduated with honor at the Fairfield Medical School in Herkimer county, N.
Y., an institution now defunct, but in the
time of its existence of very high repute.          WAIN, MARCUS, M. D., of
Soon after graduation Dr. Towner married            Waupun, Wis., was born in the
and commenced the practice of his profes-            town of Reading, Windsor county,
sion at Etna, Tompkins county, N. Y. From             Vt., on June Ioth, I8o08. He is
there he shortly removed to Ithaca, in the  the son of Nathaniel Swain, and his mother's
same county. In I837, in company with a maiden name was Charlotte Sherwin. He
younger brother, he shifted to the city, then a  completed his literary studies at Chester
small village, of Elmira, Chemung county, Academy in his native county. Conceiving a
N. V., and engaged in mercantile pursuits. love for the study of medicine, he entered,
His tastes, habits, and education did not run  upon the completion of his academic course,
in this line, and he met with disaster and the  the office of Dr. J. W. Emery, of Reading,
loss of the little money he had saved.  He  as a student in the year I828, and afterward
immediately turned his attention to his pro- received instruction  in the  office of Dr.
fession once more, and happening at that Nathaniel Tolles, of the same town, with
time, in I846, to fall in with some homceo- whom  he continued until he obtained his
pathic works, he read them  attentively, was degree of Doctor of Medicine.  He took his
struck with the power and naturalness of the  first course of lectures at the Berkshire Meditheory propounded, then  entirely  new  in  cal College in Pittsfield, Mass. Subsequently
that section of the country, and without hesi- he spent two terms at the Medical Departtation commenced the practice of that which  ment of Dartmouth College, from which he
the books set forth. His superior medical graduated in  I833.  He then  located in
education, and the success which almost im- Chittenden county, Vt., and practised his promediately attended him, put him in less than  fession there for over twenty years.  In 1857,
two years time in the front rank of physi- attracted by the advantages of the great West
cians in the vicinity of Elmira.           to men of enterprise, he removed to Wisconsin
He was the first homoeopathic physician in  and located  at Oshkosh, three years later
southern and western New York, and his fixing his residence permanently at Waupun.
reputation and success aided the spread of  At this time he was led to the investigation
the new school in that part of the country  of homceopathy, and after careful research
very greatly. For twenty years he enjoyed  into its merits, and a thorough and practical
the confidence and esteem  of a very large  test of its principles, he was induced to accept
circle of friends and patients, going into the  it fully as the system of his choice.  He has
families of the best people in southern New  now  continued in its practice for thirteen
York and northern Pennsylvania. In 1857, years, adding to his fame and his circle of
he became engaged in some real estate opera- patrons continually.
tions, near Lyons, Iowa, and going thither,   From I86I to I865 he held the position of
with his family to settle, he was stricken  Physician to the State Prison at Waupun.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             125
TRAUBE, JAMES, M. D., of  tionary war of I848, the iron hand of reacPhiladelphia, Pa., was born in a tion lay heavily upon the Prussian people, he
small town in the Province of  resolved, though then in his fiftieth year, to
Saxony, Prussia, on the 3d day  emigrate to America.
of April, iSIo, where his father, a wealthy    For the last thirteen years he has resided
and generally  esteemed citizen, held the  in Philadelphia, Pa., and during that time he
office of Justice of the Peace until his death, has faithfully and conscientiously striven to
at the advanced age of seventy-nine years.   perform  the duties incumbent upon him.
While attending the public schools of his  His early advantages, with the first pupils
native place, he received private instruction  of Hahnemann, have enabled him to become
fiom  his pastor in the Latin, Greek, and  thoroughly indoctrinated into the principles
French languages, preparatory to being sent of the science that great master founded.
to college. At the age of fourteen years, he  Fortified by a ripe experimental knowledge
was placedin the Gymnasium at Schleusingen, of its truths, he has a power few possess to
where he remained under tuition for seven  control or check the ravages of disease in
years.  After having graduated from  this those who are so fortunate as to avail theminstitution with distinction, he entered the  selves of his services.
University at Leipzig, but within the year was
compelled to exchange the pen for the sword,
and enter the military service.                     ILLIAMS, HARRY ELDRIDGE,
After serving the time prescribed by law,           M. D., of Coatesville, Pa., was
he directed his steps toward Berlin, the capi-        born in New York city, on April
tal of Prussia, to pursue and finish his studies      30th, I840.  He is of English
at the justly celebrated University located  descent. After receiving a primary education,
there.  During his sojourn at Leipzig, he  he entered, at the age of twelve, the New
made the acquaintance of some of the most York Free Academy, and remained there
prominent homoeopathists, at a time when  one year.  Then he was sent to Pawtucket,
true exponents of the Hahnemannian theory  R. I., where he commenced the study of
were few and far between, and when the con- dentistry.  He removed to Philadelphia in
fession of being a follower of the illustrious  the spring of 1857, and continued in the
master was almost identical with martyrdom. dental profession until I86o. Then, having
The truth of the new principles soon became  determined upon becoming a physician, and
apparent to him, both reflection and experi- having  prepared  himself by  preliminary
ence maturing belief into conviction; but reading, he matriculated at the Penn Medilittle did he think, however, that the then  cal University  of Philadelphia.  On the
tender plant would in so short a time assume  breaking out of the war, however, his patrisuch imposing proportions, for even the most otism got the better of his professional ambisanguine dared not hope that in the course  tion, and he enlisted as a private in company
of so few years as have now elapsed, homce- C, II8th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers,
opathic physicians would be computed by  for three months' service. At the expiration
thousands. At a later period of his life, he  of that term he returned home and was apattended the homceopathic clinic of Dr. A. pointed hospital steward in the United States
Lutze, at Ccethen, in order to enlarge his Army. This position he resigned in the fall
practical experience.  Dr. Lutze was then  of I862, on account of ill health.  Subseat the very acme of his success, his clinic  quently he was commissioned  as acting
being  crowded from  morning to evening, assistant surgeon in the United States seraffording an excellent field for observation, vice. He ultimately left the army in I864,
especially with regard to the treatment of  and carried on the drug business for a short
chronic diseases.  When after the revolu- time in Philadelphia.



126                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPALDIA  OF
His experience in ponderous doses disgust- H. Watson as a student, after attending a
ing him with allopathic routine, he in the  private course of instruction at Madison Unifall of I865 sold out his drug store, and cornm- versity. In 1856, he attended his first course
menced the earnest study of homceopathy. of lectures in Philadelphia, at the HomoeoHe matriculated at the Homoeopathic Medi- pathic Medical College, a partial course at
cal College of Pennsylvania,  where  he  the University of Pennsylvania, and the lecgraduated in March, I866, holding an hon- tures at the Pennsylvania Hospital. lHe also
orable position in his class.              attended the course of lectures of I858-'59,
Upon graduating he joined his uncle, Dr. at the Philadelphia Homnceopathic Medical
J. Emerson  Kent, of Philadelphia, with  College, and graduating, entered into partwhom he read medicine, and assisted him in  nership with his late preceptor.  In I862, he
his practice until August, I867. Then he  accepted an appointment from the Surgeon
removed to Coatesville, where he now resides. General of the State, as assistant surgeon of
He has built up an excellent practice, and  the 9gst Regiment of Infantry Volunteers, staestablished a reputation as an accomplished  tioned at Pensacola, Fla., and in October
physician in the town and neighborhood.    joined his regiment, and was shortly after
Dr. Williams was married in September, ward ordered to take charge of the 15th
i868, to Maria A. Fiss, of Philadelphia.   Maine Regiment, then brigaded with the 9gst,
the surgeon and his assistant being suspended
for misdemeanor and neglect of duty. Finding 200 men sick in camp, and Ioo in hospiILL, CHARLES SUDSON, M.D., tal, he succeeded in six weeks in reducing
of Utica, N. Y., was born at Blen- the number to fifty in camp, and twenty-five
ham, near Brantford, Brant county, in hospital, receiving a complimentary order
Ontario, February I3th, I830.    from the headquarters of General Dow  for
His father, Benjamin C. Hill, a native of.his success, and appointing him Post Surgeon
Gray, Me., served as a volunteer in 1812, in  at Fort Barrancas, ten miles below Pensathe defence of Portland.  A hard working  cola, and also a commission as examining surman, he has attained to the age of seventy- geon for the regular service. While stationed
three years.                               at Fort Barrancas, he served on a medical
His mother, a native of East Hartford, board at Fort Pickens to determine as to the
Conn., is of the same age. Dr. Hill's boy- sanity of several political prisoners confined
hood was spent among the Six Nations in  there.
Canada, and he attended school at one time    In the spring of I863, he was ordered to
at a missionary station in Mohalk, Canada. Baton Rouge to join his regiment, and to act
He was afterward educated at a private school as surgeon to the provost guard, and the peniin Brantford, and at the age of fourteen en- tentiary, and shortly afterwards took charge
tered a dry goods store, remaining two years, of the Barracks General Hospital, serving
and then, being of a roving disposition, went until it was fully organized.  He was then
to the city of New  York to visit an uncle. ordered to Brashear city, La., to take charge
There he received instruction for two years of and organize the 4th Division General
from an artist in Brooklyn, in ornamental Hospital, and remained until June 23d, I863,
painting, and practised his profession success- when the post was surrendered to the Confully for a number of years in Utica.      federates, and all made prisoners. After the
Here he was married to Miss Cornelia  capture he was sent to New Orleans, where,
Hibbard, of Clinton, N. Y. On the occa- prostrated with typho-malarial fever, he was
sion of her death from  consumption, two  rendered  unfit for duty  for five months.
years later, he conceived the idea of studying  Joining his regiment in December, at Brashear
medicine, and entered the office of Dr. W. city, where it had been stationed since the



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I27
capture of Hudson, he was ordered to the  graduated at Berkshire Medical College, Pitts
3I1st Regiment New York Volunteers, serv- field, Mass., in November, I848.
ing them  as surgeon until February, I864,   The following January, Dr. Powers so far
when he was ordered with his regiment to  contracted the gold fever of that year, that he
Fort Jackson.  Here he remained until July, was induced to leave his Eastern home, and
when his regiment was sent home on a thirty  become for awhile one of the many who
days' furlough.  Arriving at Albany, he was sought employment and wealth in the then
presented with a splendid gold watch and  unsettled ~West. He went to California, an
chain for his services to the sick while at Fort " argonaut of'49," but returned the following
Jackson, where almost every man was pro- spring, resolved to make, for a time, his home
strated with fever, but two dying out of so  in the Eastern States.
many cases. At the expiration of the thirty    He married, in I850, Miss Margaret Leddays, he was sent to do temporary duty at yard, of Pultneyville, N. Y., a niece of PresiWinchester, Va., at the time of Sheridan's  dent H. H. Childs, of Berkshire Medical
famous ride in the valley of the Shenandoah. College, and established himself in Auburn,
His health failing him, he returned to Bal- N. Y., where he commenced the practice of
timore, tendering his resignation, which was medicine.  Soon after this, being led to inendorsed and approved by the commanding  vestigate the principles of homceopathy, he
officer. He received a complimentary order made it the subject of much study and expefrom Head Quarters for the valuable services rimnient, the latter resulting so successfully, as
rendered, and returned from  military duty  to induce him to become an avowed convert
with the rank of Brevet Captain of Volunteers. to that school.
On the second day of August, at Providence,   Having now entirely dropped the old sysR. I., he was married to Eleanor Watson, tern and adopted the new, he removed in the
the daughter of Hon. William R. Watson, and  autumn of I855, to Coldwater, Mich., and
sister to Dr. William  H.'Watson, of Utica, became the pioneer practitioner of homceN. Y. Returning to civil life, he opened an  opathy in that place, forming a partnership
office in Utica, and by close attention and  with Dr. H. W. White, now of New York city.
hard study has succeeded in acquiring a lucra-    At the commencement of the late war, Dr.
tive practice.                             Powers was appointed  by Governor Blair
He has been President of the Oneida. First Surgeon of the 9th Infantry Regiment
County Homceopathic Medical Society, and  Michigan Volunteers, but, owing to sickness
is a permanent member of the Hommoeopathic  in his family, he was unable to accompany hi;
Medical Society of the State of New York.   regiment when it was ordered to the seat of
war.
The measles just about that time breaking
out in the regiment, he was compelled to reOWERS, DAVID  C., M.D., of sign his position, in order to allow the ap.
Coldwater, Mich., was born in  pointment of another surgeon.
Croydon, Sullivan county, N. H.,   In I 862, having been induced by the urgent
on June 30th, 1822.             requests of the officers of the celebrated
When a child, his parents removed to Ca- "Loomis Battery," which was chiefly raised
yuga county, N. Y., where he was educated  and officered in Coldwater, to accompany
at Aurora Academy.  Having finished his them to the field, he entered the army as conliterary education, he entered the office of his tract surgeon, and served in that capacity for
brother-in-law, Dr. N. Leavitt, and at the age  nearly three years. During that period, hl
of twenty-two, commenced the study of me- was in charge of hospitals both at Huntsville,
dicine under his supervision. After four years' Ala., and Nashville, Tenn.
study, including three courses of lectures, he    Of Dr. Powers' patriotism and loyalty it is



128                   BIOGRAPIIICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
unnecessary to speak, his career during the    His education was that of the ordinary
war being sufficient evidence of both.     common school. From the age of seventeen
On leaving the Army, he returned to Cold- years until he was twenty-one, he was enwater, and resumed the practice of his pro- gaged as a clerk. On July ist, I86I, he enfession there, re-establishing and extending  tered the army as a private, and rose by rapid
a flourishing business.                    promotion to be First Lieutenant, Captain,
In the spring of I866, the citizens of Cold- and Brevet Major, serving in both white and
water showed their appreciation of the talents colored troops. He participated in the disasand integrity of Dr. Powers by electing him  trous battle of Ball's Bluff under the comMayor of the city; which office he filled for mand  of the lamented  Baker, and was
two years, being re-elected for a second term  wounded through the left wrist and right thigh,
without opposition.  He is also one of the  and taken prisoner.  He remained a month
directors of the Southern Michigan National in the Hospital of Leesburg, well treated by
Bank,                                      the inhabitants, was then forwarded to RichThe positions of trust and honor which  mond to remain two months more in hospital,
Dr. Powers has been called upon to fill, and was finally parolled.  He then spent sixplainly show the place he occupies in the  teen months as convalescent on light duty at
esteem and confidence of his fellow-citizens.   Chesapeake General Hospital, at Fort Monroe, Va., becoming, while there, thoroughly
acquainted and disgusted with the barbarism
EMBAUGH, ALONZO  C., M.D., of the regular medical treatment of the poor
of Philadelphia, Pa., was born in  sick soldiers. Returning to active duty as an
that city on December 6th, I838. officer, he served through Maryland, Virginia,
He is of English, German and  North and South Carolina, under Grant, McFrench extraction, and was named after, and  Clellan, Sherman, Meade, Butler, Gilmore,
baptized by the Rev. John A. Clark, at St. and Terry, from I863 to the close of his term
Andrew's Church, May gth, I839. Hle was of service on the Ist of February, I867. On
early bereft of the influences of an estimable  leaving the Army, he immediately commenced
mother, who was taken away suddenly by  the study of medicine with his friend and preheart disease. She was the daughter of Rev. ceptor, Mahlon Preston, of Norristown, Pa.,
Wm. Bryant, one of the early Episcopal City  and after pursuing a thorough course under
Missionaries, and  founder of All Saints his advice, graduated at the Hahnemann MeChurch in the lower part of the city of Phila- dical College of Philadelphia on March 4th,
delphia.  His maternal grandmother was one  I869, and located permanently in Philadelof several children born to John and Barlina  phia.  He was married in August, I869, to
Grosin Delarou, who, in their infancy, were  Miss Martha B. Crum, of New York, also a
brought over to this country by their fugitive  descendant of a Huguenot family.
Huguenot parents.                            Though not in any sense a politician, he
Here they grew up and were married by  has always supported the men and measures
Bishop White, about I770-'75.  They owned  of the Republican party.
and occupied as a ship yard the lot directly
opposite to the old Swedes Church, now
owned and occupied by the Pennsylvania
Central Railroad Company.  Ino Delarou as-          ONES, STEPHEN  D., M. D., of
sisted General Washington with his boats to           Indianapolis, Ind., was born in
cross the Delaware during his memorable               Montgomery county, 0., on Dewinter campaign, contracting a cough which            cember Ist, 1824.  He is of
terminated fatally.  His father came of an  Welsh descent. His ancestors, some geneindustrious manufacturing Pennsylvania stock. rations back, emigrated to America, and set






wall
alIa, -7 v  A   A I a, i da



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           129
tied in Nantucket, Mass. Subsequently they  vinced of its superiority over all other systems
removed to North Carolina, and from thence  of practice, and he has ever since been an
to Montgomery county, near Dayton, O. He  able and zealous advocate and defender of
was reared  to agricultural pursuits, and  the same. In I864, he removed to Richacquired most of his education at a common  mond, Ind., where he was engaged in the
country school, his nearest approximation to  active duties of his profession until I870,
collegiate honors and experiences depending  when for the purpose of educating a semiupon a year's training in a village academy. mute daughter at the State Institution for the
After leaving this institution, he became a  Education of the Deaf and Dumb, he removed
teacher, and labored in that capacity for two  to Indianapolis.  For fifteen years he has
years.  In I845, he entered the office of given special attention, and a large portion
John Hall, M. D., as a student of medicine, of his time, to the treatment of diseases of
and devoted three years to preparation for his females, and his efforts have been crowned
profession.  He attended three full, courses with' that success which attends on native
of lectures at the American Medical Insti- talent, matured and developed by severe
tute, which subsequently merged into the  application and extensive experience.  D1;.
Eclectic Medical Institute, of Cincinnati, O., Jones, is a member of the American Institute
and graduated in March, 1849. Returning  of Homceopathy.  He has been married
to Dayton, he entered into partnership with  twenty-three years. It is the voluntary testihis preceptor, who died -of cholera in the  mony of one who has known him  long and
following July, just at the close of that fear- intimately that " his individualising characful epidemic which spread'over the country  teristic is modesty-a quality so pronounced
at that time.  In 1855, he went to Granville, in his make-up, as often to subject him  to
O., and took charge of the water cure and  painful embarrassment, and but for the iminfirmary at that place-an institution devoted  portunate intervention of friends, would have
specially to the treatment of diseases of  deprived the public of any sketch of his life.
females. He remained here four years, and  He is capable of achieving great results in
then removed to Wabash, Ind., where he  the furtheiance of the ffiith he professes.
erected the Rural Home Hygienic Institute. Through the influence and example of such
He continued here four years, during which  mien as Dr. Jones, conjoined with reading, I
period he and his partner, Dr. Woodbury, pub- have-though an eclectic-come to look upon
lished the WVestern Health  ozcrnal, devoted  homceopathy as that system which is destined
to "hygienic, mental and physical culture, to soon replace all other schools in the
and to the restoration and development of the  higher circles of society."
whole man." This journal gained quite a
wide popularity in the West, and received
many flattering notices from the press generally. The Indiazna5polis Daily Gazette gave  l[   IITCIIEN, JAMES, A. M., M. D.
to him a highly complimentary notice, in i'    of Philadelphia, Pa., was born in
which, speaking of his excellence as a phy-           that city March 8th, I800. James
sician and as a man, it says:  "Dr. S. D.             Kitchen, his father, reached this
Jones is a moral, honorable and upright man, country from Wales in I7go, and was a mieras well as benevolent, generous, and kind. chant. He was also the proprietor of the
He may be ranked among the very foremost Merchants' Exchange when it was known as
in his profession, and we can, without any  the Merchants' Coffee House.
reservation, commend him to the confidence    Having passed through the usual primary
of those among whom he may reside."        school education, the subject of this sketch
About the year I854, he began to investi- was graduated for the Collegiate departmen
gate homceopathy, and soon became con- of the University of Pennsylvania, in I8I9
9



130                    BIOGRAPFICAL  CYCLCOPAEDIA  COF
with the degree of A. B.; received that of teachers as Professor S. D. Grass, and others
fafgister in I822, and that of M. D. from the  of celebrity in the allopathic school. HavMedical Department the same year. The  ing passed through a full course of study, he
September following he sailed for Europe, graduated in I852, from  the University of
and continued his professional studies in the  Louisville, receiving at once the appointment
medical schools and hospitals of Paris, Eng- of resident graduate at the city hospital,
land, Scotland and Holland. Immediately  where he was enabled to devote much time
upon his return to Philadelphia, in June, to diagnosis and pathology, as well as to the
I824, he commenced practice, and  was  acquisition of a wide clinical experience.
elected one of the physicians by the Southwal   In I853, he was married, and located in
Dispensary, retaining the connection three  Jefferson county, Ky., where he practised his
years. Until I839, Dr. Kitchen was an allo- profession for nineteen years, establishing a
pathic practitioner.  Up to that. time he  well earned  reputation as a diagnostician
suffered from a chronic affection of the liver, and obstetrician.
following a severe attack of dyspepsia con-   In 187I, being in ill health, and worn out
tracted while a student. The best allopathy  with professional duties, he removed to Louisfailed to give relief, and homceopathy having  ville.  Disgusted with allopathic medication,
cured it entirely, Dr. Kitchen, in I839, began  he concluded to try homoeopathy, and by the
the homoeopathic practice, and has continued  kindness and assistance of Drs. C. W. and
in it with increasing confidence to this day.    V. L. Breyfogle, homceopathic practitioners,
He has been honorably distinguished in  he was enabled to investigate it, and to soon
professional literature. In I828 he published a obtain a knowledge of true medical science,
translation of Bouilland's "Treatise on Rheu- while his health was much benefited. His
matism," and in I84I a translation of Jahr's  experience culminated in thorough conver-'"Homceopathic Pharmacy." He relinquished  sion. Since that time he has worked early
the chair of Clinical Medicine in the Homce- and late in the cause, and with his large exopathic College of Philadelphia, after one perience in obstetrics and pathology he is
term, owing to the pressure of private busi- regarded as quite an acquisition to homceoness; was placed in charge of the Lazaretto  pathy in Louisville.
or Quarantine Station, by the Board of
Health in I83I, when Dr. Lehmann was ill,
and served as Port Physician from  I832 to
i836.  Since then a constantly increasing  [        IGER, THOMAS  C., M. D., of
private practice has occupied his whole time,         Marietta, 0., was born near Danand given him that esteem, both as a man              ville, Ills., on May 2d, I834. On
and a physician, that is the highest guerdon         leaving school he engaged in the
of merit. Such records are more honorable  grocery business; but when twenty years of
than either medals or decorations.         age, having read some medical works borrowed of an allopathic physician in the town,
he felt inclined to make the practice of medicine his profession. The system of practice
v EARC'E, ROBERT  W., M. D., taught in those pages, however, did not comof Louisville, Ky., was born in  mend itself to his reason. Becoming someShelby county, in the same State, what acquainted with the homoeopathic sysin May, I830. He had the ad- tem, shortly after, he at once adopted it, and
vantage in early life of a sound and practi- commenced his studies under the care of Dr.
cal education.  Attracted while young by the  A. Hughes, a skilful physician of Wheeling,
medical profession, he commenced the study  W. Va.  He graduated at the Cleveland
when but nineteen years of age under such  Homceopathic College in 1857, and was pub



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           13I
licly complimented during the commence- Pleas.  The subject of this sketch, on the
ment exercises for his attainments.  Since  completion of his earlier education at the
then, and untItthe present time, he has prac- Academy at Princeton, N. J., entered the
tised with much success in Wheeling, W. Va., Edge Hill Grammar School at the same place.
and in Marietta, O. In I859, he married  from which he afterwards graduated with
Miss Jennette J. Cleveland, of Rome, N. Y.  honor.
Being on account of feeble health unable    On finishing his literary education he reto sustain the fatigues incident to an out-door moved to Trenton, N. J., with a view  to
practice, he confines himself principally to  carry out his life-long intention to study
his office, and as a specialist, enjoys a wide  medicine, but his health being delicate, he
reputation for his success in treating the  abandoned the idea by the advice of his phydiseases of women and children.  For the  sicians, and entered into mercantile business.
former he has long regarded Cannabis Indica  In I859, he was married to Miss Emma, only
as the first of remedies.                  daughter of the Hon. Obadiah  Howell.
Sensible of the great advantage education  Finding his mercantile occupation uncongeconfers, he has been earnest in his endeavors nial, and his health much improved, he
that the laws of his State should be such as reverted to his plans for the study of medito secure to every child a good common  cine, and became a student under Dr. O. B.
school education, with, however, a substitu- Gause, of Philadelphia, Professor in the Penntion of German and Latin for geography,' sylvania Homoceopathic Medical College. After
and much credit is due him for his active and  completing a very thorough course of instrucpersistent efforts to that end.            tion, he took his degree of Doctor of Medicine
Several interesting and instructive articles at that institution, and soon after located temfrom  his pen have been published in the  porarily in Bordentown, N. J.; but finding the
Medical and Surgical Reyporter.            field not suited to his tastes, he left it in the
Born in an obscure locality in Northern  following year, and settled in Flemington, in
Illinois, blest with few of those advantages  the same State. After a residence of two
which seem to be the natural inheritance of years, he removed to reside permanently in
most men, Dr. Kigerhas by determined effort Wilmington, Del., in April, I866. He has
raised himself to a position of respectability  here a large and lucrative practice, his sucand influence.  Liberal in all his views, cess, especially in obstetrics and diseases of
social, religious, and political; an indepen- women and children, having gained for him
dent thinker, with courage to maintain such  a reputation of which he may justly be
opinions as he believes well founded, he is proud.
one of those men whose influence is felt as a    He is a member of the American Institute
power in the community, and who are well of Homceopathy, having been elected in I869.
deserving the estimation with which they are  In 187I, he was appointed one of the physiregarded.                                  cians to the New Castle County Alms House
and Insane Asylum, which position he held
for one year, and until a political change took
ITTINGER, LEONARD, M. D., place in the Board of Trustees, adding by
of Wilmington, Del., was born  his greater success, to the reputation for supein the city of Philadelphia, Pa., riority of the homceopathic system  of medion April 27th, I834. When but cal treatment.  At the present writing he is
a few years old, his father, Henry C. Kit- physician in charge of the Home for Aged
tenger, moved to Mercer county, N. J., where  Women, a noble institution conducted under
he served with marked distinction for many  the auspices of the benevolent ladies of Wilyears as Judge of the Court of Common  mington.



132                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
EGENDANK, A., M. D., of Wil- with a small number of inmates, giving his
mington,  Del., was born in Gus- services to both these noble charities gratuitrow, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, on  tously.
August 6th, I82'.  He was educated at the High School of his native place.
His father was a farmer.  Of an independent.    EONARD, WILLIAM   HUNTand republican spirit, and dependent on his l   Y     INGDON, M. D., of Minneapoown exertion for existence and advancement,           lis, Hennepin county, Minn., was
he had to battle with the vicissitudes of life.       born  December 2d, 1826, in
He attended the Klinik in Kiel, in Holstein, Mansfield, Tolland  county,  Conn.   His
and emigrated in I849 to this country. Ar- father, Dexter M. Leonard, was the son of
riving here, he entered the office of Dr. G. a noted physician who practised extensively
Pehrson, of Philadelphia, remaining with  in Ashford, Conn., and vicinity.  His anceshim three years, during which time he at- tors, James and Henry Leonard, emigrated
tended the lectures of the Philadelphia Col- to Massachusetts from England in 1652, and
lege of Medicine, at which institution he  erected the first forge in America.  The
graduated.                                 Leonards, as shown by papers in their posHe was then assistant physician with Dr. session, are lineal descendants of Edward
Constantine Hering of Philadelphia for two  III., and claim to belong to the same line of
years, until the fall of 1854, when he settled  ancestry, through the Barony of Dacre, as
permanently in Wilmington, Del., as a gene- George  Washington.   Dr. Leonard  was
cal practitioner.                          reared to agricultural occupations, and enHe has here by patient industry and un-  joyed the advantages of winter schooling,
wearied attention to his patients, as well as  while the summers were devoted to labor on
tiy his skill, built up a very large and respecta- his father's farm. To this was added the
)le practice.                              benefit of a course at a select school, which
A very quiet and unambitious gentleman, was followed, in 1843, by teaching. He
his known devotion to the law of cure, his continued thus employed for six years, devotcare in selecting his remedies, and his great ing his leisure time to self-improvement. Injudgment have gained him the confidence of  heriting a taste for medical studies and
very many intelligent families, and have  pursuits from his grandfather, he entered the
given him  a reputation among his profes- office of Orin Mitter, M. D., of Chaplin,
sional associates as a safe and prudent coun- Conn., where he prepared himself for attendsellor in difficult cases.                 ance upon lectures at the University of New
He is a member of the American Provers York. The winters of I850-'51, were passed
Union, and of the American Institute of  at this college, from which he entered the
Homceopathy.   He has also made great Medical Institution of Fall College, where
efforts to secure the formation of a peninsular he graduated in 1853.
Society of Homceopathic Physicians to be    Locating in Orangeville, Wyoming county,
composed of practitioners in Delaware and  N. Y., he commenced the practice of medithe Eastern Shore of Maryland.             cine, which he continued for two years, when
He has been the attending physician of he removed to Minneapolis.  Here he practhe Home for Friendless Children, from its tised in the old school four years. Educated
organization, March 1st, I863, to the present in the allopathic system, and imbibing from
time, and has won deserved credit for his his infancy veneration for its theories, which
success. The institution averages about sixty  the successful career of his grandfather had
inmates, males and females.                instilled into the minds of all his family, it
He also attends the Orphanage, a charita- was no easy matter to turn his attention to
ble institution of only a few years existence, homoeopathy, with a view to its adoption.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I33
This, however, he  did, after a thorough  idea of college. Entering his father's business
though perhaps not impartial, investigation of house, he assisted in conducting affairs with
its merits. Becoming convinced of its supe- the intention of preparing for commercial life.
rior claims, he commenced the practice of it During the two years he remained here, he
in I86o. Three years later, he entered the  pursued his studies privately, endeavoring to
army, at first as assistant surgeon, finally as supply whatever was lacking in his education
surgeon of the 5th Regiment Minnesota Vo- by self-culture. Finding commercial life not
lunteers Infantry Veterans, which post he filled  suited to his tastes, he resolved to enter upon
for three years.                          the study of medicine. This he commenced
Dr. Leonard has been a most zealous ad- in the office of a distinguished allopathic phyvocate of the cause of homceopathy in Min- sician, where he continued for two years. At
nesota, and did much toward organizing the  the end of this period his attention was called
Homoeopathic State Institute, of which he  to the system of homceopathy, which he had
has been President.  His intelligent profes- seen practised with the most successful results
sional course has tended much toward elevat- during an epidemic of diphtheria.  Giving
ing the status of homceopathy.  His abilities the principles a thorough examination, he behave met a proper recognition in the commu- came convinced of the superiority of the new
nity, and given him a position second to none  school over the old, and entered at once upon
of his professional brethren in that part of the  the study in the office of Dr. Okie. He atcountry.  The discharge of ever increasing  tended two courses of lectures at the Medical
duties has given him but little time for scien- College of Pennsylvania, where he graduated
tific study, yet he does not altogether neglect it. with the class of I864. The decease of G.
Dr. Leonard was married October IIth, R. Andrews, M. D., of Camden, leaving a
1853, to Miss Jane Preston, of Eastford, Conn. vacancy in the field there, Dr. Hunt immeHe has two children, a son and a daughter.   diately assumed charge of the extensive pracAt present, Dr. Leonard is President of the  tice already established. Dr. Andrews was
Hahnemann Medical Society of Hennepin  the pioneer of homceopathy in Camden, where
County, Minn.  He is also one of the direc- he had labored faithfully and successfully for
tors of the Minnesota Academy of Science. over twenty years.
An interesting work to the medical profession    Here Dr. Hunt found his duties very armay soon be expected from his pen.         duous. From the first day he assumed them,
they demanded his closest attention, and most
faithfully has he discharged them. He has
allowed himself but little time for recreation
UNT, HENRY FRANCIS, M.D., since the commencement of his professional
of Camden, N. J., was born in  life. He is always regular in his attendance
Cranston, Providence county, R.I., at the meetings of the several medical socieMarch 28th, I838.  He is the  ties of which he is a member.  He was one
eldest son of Joshua Hunt, who for many  of the founders of the New Jersey State Meyears was a well-known manufacturer.  His  dical Society, of which he is Vice-President,
ancestors were among the earliest settlers of and aided in securing a liberal charter for the
that State.  He received his preliminary edu- same, conferring all the privileges upon the
cation in the public schools of Providence, homceopathic physicians that are enjoyed by
and at Smithwell Seminary.  In I854, he  the allopathic.  He also aided in establishing
entered  Providence  Conference Seminary, the West Jersey Homoeopathic Medical Sowhere he commenced a collegiate course of  ciety, of which he is Corresponding Secretary.
study.  Here he remained three years, when  He has been a delegate to the American Inhis father's business suffering from the finan- stitute of Homceopathy every year since he
cial crisis of that period, he abandoned the  joined that body. He has always taken a



134                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
deep interest in those who have a desire to  form the basis of his present thriving practice.
study medicine, and has already had five stu- There was at first a prejudice in the minds of
dents, who are now successfully practising  many against the system of practice he had
their profession.'                        adopted, and he met with much opposition
He has filled satisfactorily to his numerous and ridicule from  some of the old practitiopatients the position left vacant by the death  ners, but facts are stubborn things, and before
of one, whose ministry had secured him the  them  prejudice and opposition had to give
most enviable reputation.  He has succeeded  way. By careful study and close attention to
in winning the confidence and esteem of the  his patients, Dr. Grant ensured a degree of
entire community by his Christian character success which has been singularly effective in
and professional ability.                  making popular both the doctor and his mode
of practice. In the winter of I866-'67, he
attended lectures at the Cleveland Homceopathic College, and graduated with honor. He
RANT, BENJAMIN   FRANK- immediately returned to his native town,
LIN, M. D., of Bath, Steuben  where he was already so well established,
county, N. Y., was born in that and is now enjoying the results of his active,
town, in the year I827, and is the  earnest, persevering, and well-directed efforts,
youngest son of Stephen Grant, one of the  as manifested in a growing practice, an enfirst settlers in that neighborhood.  When  viable reputation, and the confidence and
quite young, he manifested a great fondness esteem of a large circle of personal friends.
for the acquirement of knowledge, and, inheriting his father's energetic character, he so
assiduously improved every advantage, that he
succeeded in obtaining a good common school         REENE, DANIEL H., M. D., of
education, and eventually taught school him-          East Greenwich, R. I., was born
self. Availing himself of the advantages of           in East Greenwich, on April 15th,
a country singing school, established in his          I807.  His father was a lineal
district, he acquired a considerable knowledge  descendant of John Greene, who came to
of music, which he afterward much improved  Rhode Island with Roger Williams, and a
under the instruction of Lowell Mason, Geo. relative of General Nathaniel Greene of reJ. Webb, and A. N. Johnson. He followed  volutionary fame.
the vocation of singing master for several   Dr. Greene's early education was acquired
years, and was considered one of the most at the Kent Academy, and at a classical
successful teachers in his section of the State. school at Kingston, R. I., after which he was
While thus engaged, he became acquainted  sent to study medicine with Dr. Caleb Fiske,
with Mary Benedict, whom he afterward mar- of Scituate, R. I., the first President of the
*ried. Soon after his marriage, he entered the  Rhode Island Medical Society. After comoffice of a respectable homceopathic physician, pleting his medical education, Dr. Greene
as a student of medicine, continuing the while  opened an office at Natic, R. I., where he
to teach music, thus defraying his expenses practised eight years, and, in 1840, removed
and supporting his small family. Owing to  to East Greenwich, where he has since recircumstances "beyond his control," he was sided. He was never satisfied with the old
unable to attend lectures and graduate until allopathic system, and he at an early day disI867; but long before that time, so great was covered, that in proportion as he abstained
the confidence reposed in him by his friends from bleeding and the use of mercury, so did
and pupils, that he had become the regular his success in the treatment of disease inmedical attendant of a number sufficiently  crease, and his practice become popular. At
large to ensure him a good support, and to  last, the remarkable success of Dr. Okie, a



HOMCE-OPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          I35
homceopathic physician, attracted his attention  her childhood had been spent. She had here
and led to his investigation of homceopathy.   an extensive practice, which she relinquished
Finally, he entered upon an earnest study  at the time of the breaking out of the war, in
of the system under direction of Dr. Okie, order to accompany the army.  She remained
and, as he felt competent, substituted it for in the service for two years, when, her health
his old method, which after a while he aban- failing from overwork and privation, she was
doned altogether. As a consequence both  unable for three years to perform  any mental
his success and his practice, as he says, " in- or physical labor. On her recovery, she recreased more than four-fold."  Indeed, his sumed the duties of her profession, in which
business became so extended, that he found it she has been eminently successful. At her
necessary to establish another office in Provi- home in Washington city, she finds an extendence, and for the last sixteen years, his time  sive field for her energetic nature, and her
has been equally divided between his office in  endeavors for the amelioration of the sufferProvidence and that at East Greenwich.     ings of her sex especially, have resulted in
Dr. Greene first married Miss Jane Hazard, their mutual advantage.
of South Kingston, R. I., who died in 1836,
leaving an infant son, who also died thirteen
years after. His second wife was Susan,
daughter of Samuel Proud, who died in the           AVIES, JOHN, M. D., of Chicago,
year 1853-                                            Ills., was born in Oswestry, Salop,
His time and his mind being fully absorbed;.    England, on June ISth, 1829. His
in the duties, cares, and pleasures of his pro-       father, William  Davies, was a
fession, he gives no attention to politics, and  Licentiate of the Episcopal Church, occasiaspires to no office, counting political honors onally filling the place of curate in the parish
as valueless compared with those he is con- church, and engaged secularly in teaching
stantly winning by the careful and skilful per- mathematics and languages to private and
formance of his professional duties. Though  public, schools; he died at the early age of
now sixty-six years of age, his intellect is as thirty-seven, much respected as a superior
clear and brilliant as ever, and he is appa- scholar, and regretted as a man. The subject
rently quite capable of fifteen or twenty years of this sketch being then left to battle with the
more of hard service; indeed, he habitually  world by himself, and to protect a feeble
accomplishes an amount of work which would  mother, a brother and a sister, appreciated the
be highly creditable to many a younger man. imperative necessity of acquiring a good eduHis genial presence will therefore in all pro- cation, and set himself earnestly to the task.
bability gladden the sick-room  of many an  From three o'clock in the morning until seven
invalid for years to come.                 in the evening he steadily studied Latin and
Greek, and all the branches of elementary
science, with the assistance of skilful teachers,
until he was articled to a bookseller and prinDSON, SUSAN ANN, M. D., of ter in the town of Ellesmere. But even durWashington, D. C., was  born  ing his apprenticeship of five years, he did
January 4th, I823, at Fleming, not permit his knowledge to grow rusty, keepCayuga county, N. Y. Her father ing up and extending his studies during the
is John J. Edson, from Vermont. Her mother, whole period. Some time after the expiration
Sarah Barnes, was from New York.           of his apprenticeship, he concluded to leave
Dr. Edson graduated from Cleveland Ho- England, and came to the United States.
mceopathic Medical College, March 1854. Eventually he resolved upon entering the meAfter practising for two years in Cleveland, dical profession, and for the purpose of readshe returned to Jefferson, O., where most of ing became a student with Dr. D. M. Dake,



r36                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
of Pittsburg. Having undergone the usual can 7ournal, the United States Yourna, and
preparation, he attended lectures at the Ho- various other serials, which by reason of their
mceopathic Medical College of Cleveland, information, thoughtfulness, grasp, and adfollowed the prescribed course, and graduated  vanced tone have attracted much attention.
with credit in the class of I858. On graduat- Just before the great fire, C. S. Halsy pubing he commenced practice in Oshkosh, Wis., lished a translation by him from the French
where he remained for two years. Then he  of a little brochure, entitled, " Cholera in the
spent six months ill the Thirteenth Street Col- Orient," by Grecca, of Turkey.  He also
lege, New York, and the Bellevue Hospital, varies the toil of his professional duties by
at the same time daily attending the dispen- contributions to general literature, among
saries and other clinics for the purpose of ex- which have been a number of very charming
tending his knowledge of medicine. Having  poems.
gained considerable valuable experience by    For politics or mere popularity Dr. Davies
this visit East, he returned West, and settled  has no taste. He is a lover of music and the
in Chicago, where he has practised with great fine arts, but he allows none of these refined
success for the past twelve years.         pleasures to draw him  away from  the conIn I868, Dr. Davies took a trip to Europe, tinuous study of matters more directly connot on pleasure but on profit bent.  He be- nected with his profession.
came a constant attendant at the "fEcole de    As the record of-his life shows, he is an enMedicine," and the " Hotel Dieu," in Paris; thusiast in his profession, sparing no effort to
walked the hospitals of London, Edinburgh, acquire knowledge, to place himself in line
and Heidelberg; visited all the larger cities with the latest discoveries in medicine and
of Belgium, France, and Germany, and for the most advanced thought in the medical
some period daily attended the clinics and  world.  He has accomplished, and will yet
dispensaries in each. After having spent a accomplish, much for the cause of homoeyear in the pursuit of his professional studies, opathy.
and stored up a great amount of valuable.
knowledge, he returned to and resumed practice in Chicago.                                    AMES, DAVID, M.D., of PhilaDr. Davies was the first to start into life the     delphia, Pa., was born at Radnor,
Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, and             Pa., March I4th, I805; studied
opened the first public free dispensary for the       medicine with Dr. G. McClellan,
poor in that city, devoting himself therein  of Philadelphia, and was graduated at Jeffermore especially to the diseases of women and  son College, in 1828. After a year's practice
children. His clinic was largely attended.   here, he removed to Byberry township, fifteen
During the war, Dr. Davies was deputed to  miles north, and was a partner with Dr. John
accompany Dr. Patton, the President of the  Worthington. Here he married Miss Amanda
Sanitary Commission, to Richmond, for the  Worthington, who is still living. Succeeding
purpose of inspecting the hospitals at City  to Dr. Worthington's practice at his death, Dr.
Point, and rendering what aid was necessary. James, in I84I, commenced to employ his
His able and exhaustive report was published  studies in homceopathy and to prosecute them
in the Cticago Tribune on its presentation, more vigorously.  His successes induced him
and was everywhere very highly commended  to discard allopathy entirely, while they steafor the thorough knowledge it manifested, its dily increased his business; and it was equally
admirable suggestions, great humanity, and  creditable to himself and his fellows in the
lucid statement of facts.                  allopathic practice that their personal esteem
Dr. Davies has been a considerable contri- remained intact.
butor to the medical literature of the time.   In April, I855, Dr. James returned to PhilaIle has published papers in the Vortk Amenri- delphia. His practice, at an early day, equalled



-- -'~-~'~~-~'- ---- ------ -.
MMR:~~~~~~:
7/
a4.. ~...J'~?.i:??,~.'.....~......?'-'~'.....~~~~~-t






HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        I37
his ability, and has only been met in its ex- claimed that a thorough knowledge of phren
pansion by the admission of his youngest ology is indispensable to the medical practison, John E. James, M. D., to partnership. tioner, in order to diagnose disease intelliDr. James is also the father of the distin- gently.  After leaving school, upon the
guished surgeon, Bushrod W. James, M. D., advice of his father, he commenced to learn
whose name is honorably and widely known: the trade of cabinet, melodeon, and organ
and of William H. James, a successful coun- building, which, however, he soon abandoned,
sellor-at-law in western Pennsylvania. An  and began medical studies, his predilection
active and leading member of the Methodist for the profession of medicine predominating.
Episcopal Church for half a century; always Upon the earnest solicitation of Dr. Alexanemployed in some good work outside of, but der McLaughlin, one of the earliest pioneers
harmonizing with his profession, Dr. James of homceopathy in Canada, and whose skill
is a happy example of the fruit that follows and wide-spread reputation as a physician are
industry; intelligence, activity, and a consci- unequalled on the peninsula, he entered that
entious adherence to the right.          gentleman's   office as a student, and enjoyed
Dr. James occupies a prominent position  the advantage of his direction for nearly five
among the older homceopathic physicians of years, during which time he attended a course
Philadelphia, and is a man of such conceded  of lectures in the Cleveland Homceopathic
integrity, so punctilious in the etiquette  Hospital College. Subsequently he mlatricuof his profession, that he has the rare good  lated at the New York City Homceopathic
fortune of having no enemies.            Medical College, from which he graduated in
March, 6867, having been meanwhile a constant attendant at the Bellevue Hospital, and
Blackwell's Island Hospital.  He engaged
RY, WILLIAM, M. D., M. C. P. in practice in connection with Dr. McLaughS. Ont., of Dunnville, Canada lin for a year; in the year following went
West, was born at Rainham, before the Homceopathic Medical Board of
Haldimand county, Canada West, Ontario, at Toronto city, for final examinaon August 20oth, I840. He is of German  tion, and received his diploma as a Provincial
descent,-his mother being born in the city  Licentiate. He has since been admitted as
of Strasbourg, France, while his father's registered member of the College of Physifamily was of Prussian and American ex- cians and Surgeons of Ontario, and holds a
traction, and came from Philadelphia. He  diploma from that institution. He now enreceived the advantages of a good English joys the reward of his close application to
and German education, attended school con- study and business, in an extensive and restantly until nearly twenty years of age, and  munerative practice, a wide reputation, and
improved his mind by the perusal of choice the high esteem  of the profession. He is
works on scientific and other subjects, pro- also the medical referee for the Atlantic
cured from the public libraries of his native Mutual Life Insurance Company, of Albany,
village. His father, Dilman Fry, Esq., an  N. Y.
intelligent and well informed man, a believer            ---
in, and an advocate of the science and principles of phrenology, had in his library the     OWSEY, WILLIAM  T., M. D.,
writings of Combe, Spurzheim, Gall, and the        of Toledo, 0., was born in Cinleading works and publications of Fowler           cinnati, O., August 2gth, I838.
and Wells, of New York. From the perusal           His ancestry emigrated from Laon,
of these books, and from familiarity with the Picardy, France, and settled, in I635, in King
principles of phrenology, he probably acquired  and Queen county, Va.  His preparatory
a taste for human science. He has always education was received at Notre Dame, Ind.,



138                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
and St. Mary's College, Cincinnati. This from which he graduated with the salutatory
completed, he spent two years in readinglaw, honor of his class, in July, I854.  Always
and then entered the office of Dr. A. F. Bis- intending to follow the medical profession,
sell, with whom he remained until his gradu- he began his studies in medicine whilst at
ation, excepting while attending lectures in  college, and he was enabled, therefore, to atPhiladelphia and Cleveland. He graduated  tend lectures at the University of Maryland
in Cleveland. Locating in Logansport, Ind., during the winter of I854-'55; he graduated
he remained two years, and then removed to  from that institution in March, 1856.
Toledo, O.  Here he has been steadily en-   In the following fall he began practice in
gaged, and has known little else than inces-  Goldsboro', York  county, Pa., where he
sant toil, rewarded indeed with the success remained for ten years and a half almost conwhich attends fidelity and skill. On June  stantly.  On the outbreak of the civil war he
9th, I869, he was married to Miss Henrietta  entered the United States army as Assistant
Folsom of New York city.  He has no poli- Surgeon, and was assigned to Camp'Curtin.
tical or military record.                  His arduous professional duties, combined
Dr. Rowsey is both physically and men- with the severe and unavoidable exposure,
tally of a marked sanguine temperament. brought on an attack of sub-acute inflammaHis native abilities are of a high order, and  tion of the spinal meninges, which resulted
he is fitted by education and experience  in complete paralysis. With this he was confor a leading position in the profession he has fined to his bed for four months, and therechosen.  His power as a writer has not been  after walked with a crutch and cane for thirsufficiently well developed, but he is capable  teen months.  Having recovered sufficiently,
of great success in that department.  His he resumed practice in Goldsboro'.  In I867,
strong social qualities win him  a host of  owing to ill health arising from malaria, and
friends, and in the church to which he belongs the effects of disease contracted in the army,
he maintains a position of great influence. he was compel-led to seek a more healthy
In the pursuit of medicine, in both its. study  location, and removed to Shrewsbury, York
and practice, he is ardent and enthusiastic; county, Pa. There he recovered from the
and as he is in the prime of life, and of well- malarial trouble, but the paralysis was not so
balanced physical development, it may be' easily disposed of, and to the present day he
confidently expected that he will, in future  suffers to some extent therefrom.
years, attain prominence in the medical pro-   It was while suffering in his own body and
fession.                                   ruminating upon the uncertainty of medicine
that Dr. Everhart was induced to try homceopathic remedies. His conversion was brought
VERHART, OLIVER TROXEL, about by reading an able address or introducA. M., M. D., of Marysville, Pa., tory lecture of Professor William S. Helmuth
was born at Manchester, Carroll to the class of I852. Perusing it the scales
county, Md., May I8th, I832, and  fell from his eyes, and he was able to look
is the second son of George and Catharine  with an unprejudiced mind into the princiEverhart.  His maternal grandfather, Adam  ples of the new  school. He immediately
Shower, served as a captain in the war of  procured homoeopathic medicines, and tried
1812, and afterwards as a member of the  them upon his own system. The rapid change
State Legislature, as did his father during the  for the better in his condition convinced him
late civil war, serving also as Justice of the  that there was virtue in the method. On his
Peace for many years.  He received his pre- recovery, in I869, he removed to Marysville,
liminary education at the Manchester Acade- Perry county, Pa., began at once to prescribe
my, and in October, I85I, entered the Sopho- homceopathically, and has proved very sucmore class of Franklin and Marshall College, cessful.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           39
Dr. Everhart has always taken a warm in- ness. In Toledo, in I857, the firm  of A.
terest in educational matters, and for years Fahnestock & Sons commenced business, and
past has devoted his spare time and attention  succeeded so well that their returns reached
to the establishment and maintenance of the fifty thousand dollars a year. As, however,
best system of instruction for the children of  the firm was working on borrowed capital,
his borough. He is now President of the  and the war, with the general demoralizaboard of School Directors. He has never tion in all branches of industry that accomaspired to any other public office.       panied it, came at a time when not only
For three years Dr. Everhart has been sur- many of their domestic but foreign debts were
geon of the Northern Central Railway Corn- becoming due, the business was ruined, and
pany.                                     the subject of this sketch was reduced from
He was married in April, 1859, to Sarah  a position of ease and bright prospects to find
Kister, who died from typhoid fever in Sep- himself almost without the means of subsistember, I86o.  In October, i864, he was tence. Left free to choose another method
married to Anna C. Shelly.                of livelihood, without wasting any time in
despondency, he concluded to review and
follow up his medical studies. After a course
AHNESTOCK, AUGUSTUS AL- of earnest reading through the summer, the
FRED, M. D., of Elkhart, Ind., following winter he attended  lectures at
was born in Frederick, Md., on  Cleveland. His second course he took in
August 25th, 1833. He received  Chicago, where he graduated in the winter
his primary education in private schools at of I863.
Lancaster, O. Having developed a taste for   In the spring following his graduation he
floriculture andbotany, he was at the age of commenced practice in the town of Monroefifteen sent by his parents to Rochester, N. ville, O., where he remained for over five
-Y., to learn the nursery business, and was years, extending his circle of patronage with
bound to Messrs. Ellwanger and Barry, of that each succeeding year. He removed to Elkcity, with whom he served an apprenticeship  hart, his present residence, in the spring of
of three years. During that period he de- I87I, where already he is doing remarkably
voted all his spare time to the study of botany, well, and where his prospects are very promphysiological and systematic; at one time he  ising.
had a collection of five hundred distinct   Dr. Fahnestock is a very thorough and
varieties, obtained in Western New York. earnest physician.  He still studies very
He left Rochester in 1851 to take the chair closely, and his patients consequently enjoy
of Medical Botany and Chemistry in the  the advantages of all the latest discoveries in
New York Central Medical College at Syra- medical science. Naturally able, well trained
cuse. This position he filled, in a manner in his profession, and conscientious in the
that reflected the highest credit upon him- discharge of its duties, great success has
self, for three years. His attention having  attended his practice.
about that time been drawn to homceopathy,   In December, I854, Dr. Fahnestock was
he commenced an examination of its claims, married to Amanda Wood, of Ithica, N. Y.
and tested it by experiment, applying the
remedies when time and circumstances permitted. He became a thorough convert to            LAGG, LEVI WELLS, A. M.,
the system, and thereafter, whenever occa-           M.D., ofYonkers. N. Y., was born
sion arose for a doctor's services, he called        February, I4th, I8I7, in Hartin a physician of the homceopathic school.           ford, Conn. After receiving a
From the close of 1854, until the spring of  sound primary education, he became a stuI86I, he was engaged in the nursery busi- dent of Yale College, where he graduated



140                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
in 1839. Among his classmates were Charles    He married, on May I7th, I848, Charlotte
Astor Bristeed and John Sherwood, of New  Whitman, of Hartford, Conn., by whom he
York, Rev. Francis Wharton, joint author of  has had eight children, five of whom are now
Wharton's and Stille's Medical Jurisprudence, living.
and Hon. H. L. Dawes, of Mass., ex-Gover-                 -— _
nor Hall, of Missouri, Professor J. D. Whitney, of California, the eminent chemist and       iRONSON, CHARLES HENRY,
geologist, and others who have become dis-  M. D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was
tinguished. After graduating he went south,          born in Rutland, Jefferson county,
and spent three years in teaching in St.             N. Y., on May 25th, I823. His
Francisville, La. Returning to his native  father, Erastus Bronson, was the son of Judge
place in 1842, he studied medicine for a year Ethel Bronson, one of the first settlers of that
with Dr. Pinckney W. Ellsworth.  At the  town. The subject of this sketch had the
expiration of that time he proceeded to New  misfortune to lose his father when he was six
York, and entered the office of Professor years of age, and three years later the death
Willard Parker, with whom he remained for of his mother left him an orphan in the charge
two years. In 1847 he graduated at the Col- of an uncle, Michael Sterling, who practised
lege of Physicians and Surgeons (old Crosby  law in Watertown, N. Y. With this uncle he
street school), and in the following year he  lived for eight months, but his aunt dying,
established himself in Yonkers as an allo- housekeeping was discontinued, and the lad
pathic physician. Shortly afterwards he was found another home in the family of Dr.
induced to investigate homoeopathy, the result Spencer, of Champion, N. Y. From  this
being a conviction of its superiority over the time his early life was spent laboring during
old system of practice. He at once became  the summer months and attending school in
its strong advocate and the pioneer practi- the winter. In this way a good common
tioner in the county. His success in intro- school education was acquired.  In the
ducing the new system was most marked; he  spring of 184o an uncle of Dr. Bronson, who
grew rapidly in favor with the community, had been appointed as his guardian, received
acquiring wealth and a pre-emlinent position  the appointment of Judge of the Eastern Disamong the physicians of the locality. Not- trict of Florida; but before leaving for his
withstanding his change of faith, the relations new field of labor he made arrangements for
between himself and his old teacher, Pro- his nephew to attend school at the Black
fessor Parker, greatly to the honor of the  River Literary and Religious Institute of
latter, have ever continued  of the most Watertown. Here his education was comfriendly character.                       pleted.
Dr. Flagg has eschewed politics almost   From his early years he had manifested a
entirely, and has never held any public office strong predilection for the medical profession,
of a political character. He has always de- but not having the means to enter upon a
voted himself wholly to his profession, in  regular course of study, he was compelled to
which he is a zealous and untiring worker; a follow other pursuits, and read as opportunity
portion of a year spent in Europe being al- offered. Dr. Bronson married at the age of
most the only relaxation he has allowed him- twenty years, and to earn a support for his
self since settling down to practice. When, family required all his time and energies,
in I865, the Westchester County Homceo- precluding for awhile all thought of study.
pathic Medical Society was organized, he was For two years he worked as journeyman
elected its President, and continued to hold  house painter, then removed to Canandaigua,
that office for three years.  He is also a N. Y., where he formed a copartnership in
member of the American Institute of Homceo- the house and sign painting business. This,
pathy.                                    however, lasted only a few months, being



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             I4I
dissolved by mutual consent, and he entered  teacher in one of the public schools of Brookinto another, but at length concluded to carry  lyn.  This position she held but one year, as
on business alone. This he did until the  she was then appointed Superintendent of
spring of I856, when he removed to Butler one of the large Schools of Industry, deCreek, Mich., where he opened a paint and  signed for the elevation of the ignorant poor.
drug store.  His health failing rapidly, he  For ten years she labored faithfully in adreturned to Brooklyn —as he thought, to die, ministering to the sick, and in training young
but the timely aid of homeopathy saved his minds for future usefulness. When the war
life.  Having been educated in allopathy, of the rebellion began, she was among the
his prejudices against the " new school " were first to offer her services for the benefit of the
of the strongest character.  It was without wounded who were brought to Long Island
his knowledge that the remedies were given  College Hospital, and she also rendered valto him, in his illness; but when made aware  uable service in many of the other army
of the agents employed to save his life he  hospitals in and about New York city. The
became convinced of the virtue of homceo- peculiar fitness for the care of the sick that
pathy, and resolved to devote himself to the  she developed, and her success as a nurse,
study of its theory, with a view of adopting  determined her upon studying medicine, and
the medical profession. Accepting a clerk- making its practice her profession. Accordship in a paint and drug store, Dr. Bronson  ingly, much to the regret of the Board of
read under the preceptorship of Dr. Frank  Managers, she resigned her position as SuperBond. Thus he continued for four years; intendent of the School of Industry, became
then commenced to practise after his daily  a student under the instruction of Mrs. C. S.
toil among the poorey classes. Five years  Lozier, M. D., and graduated at the New
of this life gave him much valuable experi- York Medical College for Women, in March,
ence, and as his practice had gradually in-  I869.  In September of that year she comcreased to respectable proportions, he con- menced practice in New York city, and is
cluded to abandon his other calling and take  meeting with gratifying success.
a course of lectures.  In I870, Dr. Bronson    Mrs. Dr. Adams received a licence, and
graduated from the Eclectic Medical College  practised for five years previous to her enterof New  York, delivering the valedictory. ing college. It was her success in prescribing
Returning to Brooklyn he resumed practice, upon the allopathic system that encouraged
and is now busily engaged in an extensive  her to matriculate and take the regular course
field of usefulness.                       of studies. While studying, and applying
remedies to her former numerous patients, she
became convinced that the homceopathic sysDAMS, ELIZABETH  S., M. D., temn was the most effectual, and adopted it
of New York City, was born in  thoroughly and exclusively. While attendI82I.  She was educated in the  ing the wounded and sick in the hospitals in
private schools of that city. Her and around New York, before beginning her
parents died while she was quite young, and  collegiate course, she never lost a case of
at the age of fifteen she was left dependent chronic diarrhoea, among hundreds whom
upon her own exertions for her future sup- she treated.  Her success with other diseases
port.  Capable and energetic, she proved  was quite as marked.  One prominent case
abundantly able to maintain herself by honest of periostitis which had been unsuccessfully
industry.  Eventually she became engaged  prescribed for by at least nine physicians, who
in the Home Missionary Service, and a met to amputate the limb, but were not alteacher in Sabbath-schools. For twenty-five  lowed by the patient, was placed in her
years she continued busily engaged in this hands.  In two months, without using the
tenificent work, and was then  appointed  knife, she effected an entire cure.



142                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
ROWN, ASA W., M. D., of Mys- had his interest attracted by homceopathy,
tic Bridge, Conn., was born in  and after reading by himself for six months,
Sterling, Windham county,Conn., he entered the office of the late Samuel
September 28th, I8I3. His fa- Gregg, M. D., where he prosecuted his
ther soon after moved to Tullingly, in the  studies for some time further, eventually givsame State, and, until eighteen years of age, ing in his unreserved adhesion to the docthe subject of this sketch worked on the farm  trines of Hahnemann.  In January, I847, he
in summer, and in the winter attended the  was elected Secretary of the Massachusetts
district school. He then taught the school Homceopathic Fraternity, of which the Massathree winters, and obtained means to pursue  chusetts Homceopathic Medical Society is
his studies at the Brooklyn Academy. On  but the continuation, and held the office with
leaving the academy, he commenced the much acceptability for five years. In Nostudy of medicine, according to the allopathic  vember, I847, he settled in Cambridge, Mass.,
system, but being dissatisfied with that, he  where he has resided ever since, and has
cried the botanic, which he also disapproved. built up a large practice among the best
Meanwhile he married, but his wife soon  families in the place.
after giving birth to a child, died of consump-   For many years Dr. Chase has held a very
tion. He perseveringly continued his studies, prominent position among the homceopathic
at the same time supporting himself and his physicians of Boston and Massachusetts. In
child by his daily labor, and even saving  I866 he was chosen to deliver the annual
something for the future. Eventually, having  address before the Massachusetts Homceomarried again, and his health failing, he de- pathic Medical Society, and in I867 was
voted himself to the study of homceopathy, elected President of that Society. On the
and finally graduated at the Homceopathic  establishment of the Boston Academy of
Medical College of Cleveland, Ohio, in  Homceopathy, he was elected as Secretary,
1853. Since taking his degree he has been  and continued to fill the position with marked
engaged in practice with gratifying success.  ability for several years.
In I849, Dr. Chase was married to Caroline
A. Jones, of Boston, by whom he has one
son, who is now studying medicine.
HASE, HIRAM LUCE, M. D., of    Dr. Chase is a gentleman of large and
Cambridge, Mass., was born in  varied culture, of generous and sympathetic
Boston, on May Igth, I825. His nature, and of singularly winning though
father  was  Captain  Constant unobtrusive manners. He is a physician of
Chase. His education wras obtained in the  unusual professional attainments, and has
public schools of Boston, and was of a suffi- met with a high degree of success in his
ciently broad and thorough character to form  practice,  He inspires confidence immedia sure foundation for any subsequent super- ately upon entering a sick room, and that
structure that circumstances might demand. confidence is invariably justified.
On leaving school he entered a mercantile
house, where he remained  about a year.
Then he spent a year abroad enlarging his
mind by travel. On his returning home he      1    VE RY,  EDWARD   WOODresolved upon entering the medical profes-           BRIDGE, A. M., M. D., of
sion, commenced reading, became a student            Mankato, Minn., was born  at
in the Medical Department of Harvard Uni-            Clinton, Oneida county, N. Y.,
versity, and received his degree of M. D. January Ist, I841. He is the son of Charles
therefrom in I846.                        Avery, LL. D., for many years Professor of
About the time of graduating Dr. Chase  Philosophy and Chemistry in Hamilton Col,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        I43
lege, who resigned his chair in I869, and was Valedictorian of the graduating class. He
unanimously elected  Emeritus  Professor. now commenced practice in Poughkeepsie,
Professor Avery did much toward bringing  N. Y., where he had charge of the Homeothis institution to its present high standing  pathic Dispensary until the summer of I870,
and prosperous condition. During the past when he accepted the appointment of Acting
two years he has held the Professorship of Assistant Surgeon in the Prussian Army, and
Chemistry in the New York Homceopathic was abroad until the spring of I87I. Ill
Medical College.  The wife of Professor health compelled him to seek a climate more
Avery, and mother of the subject of this beneficial to his physical condition, which
sketch, is a native of Connecticut, but was had become much impaired, and that of Minreared by her uncle, Colonel Woodbridge, of nesota suggested itself as the most likely to
South Hadley, Mass. She has always been  restore his health and prolong his life. He
interested in social reform, and is mentioned  therefore removed to Mankato, Minn., in
in this connection at some length in " Dwight's July, I87 I, where he is located and engaged
Genealogy of the Strong Family."        in the practice of his profession.
Dr. Edward Woodbridge Avery graduated    Dr. Avery is a member of the New York
at Hamilton College in I863, and entered  State Medical Society, and also of the Amerthe College of Physicians and Surgeons the ican Institute of Homceopathy.  He is a
same fall, supporting himself during the rising and promising young physician, procourse by teaching. In April, I864, he re- fessionally fully confided in, and socially
ceived the appointment of Acting Assistant much respected and loved.
Surgeon United States Navy. He was in the
Atlantic and Gulf Squadron, and acquitted
himself honorably both as a surgeon and an
officer. Scion of such a stock as the Averys   U STIN, ALEXANDER  G., M.
and Strongs, he could not but do credit to         D., of Williamson, N. Y., was
his lineage. Looking back upon an ancestry         born in Hartford Township, N.
without spot or blemish; considering the           Y., March 2Ist, 1823. He was
honorable connection, in the matrimonial brought up on a fann, and received but two
line, of all his family, pride of birth and  months' schooling each year until he was
blood would naturally be an incentive to a twenty-three years of age, when he attended
correct and honorable course, even though he the Academy at Marion, N. Y. In the
did not possess the deep-rooted principle of spring of I848 he began the study of mediright which has been the basis of every action  cine with Dr. L. D. Hill, of Williamson, and
of his whole life. In the navy he was recog- afterward, under the direction of Dr. Chase
nized as the gentlezan in thought, as well as of Palmyra; attending one course of lectures
in deed, and was much beloved by his at the Homceopathic Medical College at
brother officers. In the fall of I865 lie was Cleveland, O., and another at the Homceohonorably discharged, and soon after entered  pathic Medical College of Penna., and gradthe College of Physicians and Surgeons, where uating from the latter in March, I853. During
he completed his course and graduated in the the last four months of the college course he
spring of I866. Soon after, being debilitated, lectured on surgery at the Hahnemann Instihe entered the army as acting assistant sur- tute. In the spring of 1853 he commenced
geon, and was placed in charge of the Medi- the practice of medicine and surgery at Newcal Department of Fort Sanders, Wy. Ter. ark, N. J., where he remained until June,
In the summer of the following year he  I854, when the illness of his parents necessiresigned, and in the fall entered the New  tated his return home, and while there he
York College of Homoeopathy.  In the  found his services in such demand among
spring of i868 he graduated, and was chosen  his old friends and acquaintances that he de



144                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPYEDIA  OF
cided to remain, and  he has ever since  the causes of his ill health, he became deeply
enjoyed a fine business and the confidence of  interested in the study of medicine. After a
his patrons.                               few years spent partly in travel and partly in
Dr. Austin makes obstetrics a specialty, study, his health  gradually returning, he
and his remarkable success as an obstetrician  prosecuted the study of medicine more assiduhas given him a wide reputation.  In I857, ously, and entered the office of Drs. Elwood
he married Miss Ursula J. Salsbury, of Shorts- and Tobay, then celebrated physicians and
ville, Ontario county, N. Y., by whom he had  surgeons in Rochester.  He attended lectures
one son, which died in infancy.            at the Albany Medical College, where he
The doctor has ever been a most earnest graduated with honor in the year 1845, and
advocate of homoeopathy, and has labored  commenced the practice of medicine in
strenuously, by word and by practice, to win  Rochester.  After two years of successful
for it in the minds of others the same convic- work under the allopathic system, Dr. Burke
tion of its superiority, which has led him to  removed to Brooklyn, N. Y., in I847. There
venture upon it all his prospects of professional he was providentially led to examine the
success.                                   tenets of homeopathy, and after a very thorIn politics, Dr. Austin is a strong Repub- ough investigation of them  experimentally,
lican; ever active, " in season and out of  embraced them fully, and became the pioneer
season," in his endeavors for the advance- practitioner of that system in the farther porment of those principles he deems enhansive  tion of South Brooklyn, then a very sparsely
of the welfare of his race.                settled portion of that city. He has lived to
see the city of his adoption fill up all around
him, and with numerous friends and patients,
is still faithfully pursuing his daily round of
URKE, ABRAHAM C., M. D., of  duties.
Brooklyn, N. Y., was born at   Dr. Burke has been a leader in the moral
Albany, N. Y., on June I8th, and religious movements of his vicinityi818.  His father,who was from  especially in connection with  the Baptist
Newport, R. I., was a well-known merchant denomination, of which he is an active memof Albany, distinguished for his strict integ- ber. The poor always find in him a kind
rity and high moral worth.  His mother, and sympathizing friend, ready, at any hour
from Cape Cod, was a lineal descendant of  of the day or night, to minister to their wants.
one of the Pilgrim band who came over in the    He was married, in 1852, to Miss P.. S.
Mayflower, and inherited the vigor and  Donner, a sister of Hon. I. S. T, Stranahan,
strength of character of her ancestry.     of Brooklyn, of New England ancestry. She
Dr. Burke early prepared, under the tutor- has proved herself an active and zealous coship of the distinguished linguist, Professor laborer with him in every good work. Dr.
Bullions, of Albany Academy, for Union  Burke is a member of the American Institute
College, Schenectady, N. Y., where, entering  of Homeeopathy, and of the County Medical
the junior class of I836, in his eighteenth  Society.
year, he not only took rank as a scholar, but
excelled in literature and oratory, and graduated in I838, at the age of twenty, as the          UFF, PETER  SIMON, M. D.,
prose Valedictorian of his class.  On his             D. D. S., of Coyleville, Penna.,
graduation, he removed with his family to             was born at Rough Run, WindRochester, N. Y. Impaired health and loss             field  Furnace, Butler  county,
of voice compelled him  to relinquish his  Penna., June Ioth, I835. His parents were
cherished purpose of becoming a minister of  American; his father was a respectable merthe Gospel; and, while examining for himself  chant and farmer, noted for his integrity and



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           145
worth, who fell a victim in 1859 to allopathic  unable to pay for them. Endowed with the
treatment, having died from excessive saliva- keenest sensitiveness, he is easily affected and
tion for rheumatism.                       pained by the ills and sufferings of others.
His early education was received at the  Dr. Duff is an occasional contributor to the
public schools, and at the Academy (now  medical journals and to the secular press.
College) of St. Francis, in Cambria county,
Ills., after which he taught school at Blooming and Galena for six years. In the spring
of I857 he formed the resolution of studying.     LARKE, HENRY BRADFORD,
medicine and surgery, and commenced his  /',   M. D., of New  Bedford, Mass.,
preparation with the purchase of a work on            was born in Cranston, R. I., on
anatomy. Visiting several towns in the West           I8th October, I827.  His father
for the purpose of acquiring information, he  is Peleg Clarke, M. D. His early education
consulted many physicians, without, however, was received in the common schools of his
obtaining much satisfaction, as he found but native State, at " Brooke Farm," near Boston,
one homceopathist, who resided at Galena, to which  Hawthorne's "Blithedale" has
and from whom he received his first instruc- given imperishable fame, and at the Friends'
tion.  Returning home in I859, he placed  Boarding School in Providence, R. I.  He
himself under the direction of Dr. Simkin, a pursued a thorough course of preparatory
recent convert to homceopathy, who sacrificed  medical studies, attended lectures, and gradhis life at the post of duty. In I863, he went uated with distinction at the Homoeopathic
to the Western Homceopathic College, passed  Medical College of Pennsylvania, in March,
his examination with unusual credit, and re-  I852. In May following he settled at New
ceived his diploma from Dr. S. R. Beckwith. Bedford, Mass., commenced practice, and has
Thrown now upon his own resources, he  gained for homeopathy a large amount of
travelled through the counties of Armstrong, respect, and for himself a sound reputation
Butler and Allegheny, acting as pioneer and  and an assured position.
propagandist of the new  system, making    He has enriched the literature of homceonumerous converts, and securing a large prac- pathy with articles to various medical jourtice.  In I869, he attended  another full nals, particularly the  ezew England MAedical
course of lectures at the Homceopathic Col-  Gazette.  In I865, he delivered an admirable
lege at Cleveland, where he graduated in  address before the Massachusetts HomceoI870, and received the first prize, publicly  pathic Medical Society, and in I868, another
awarded and presented by Professor T. P. before the American Institute of HomoeoWilson, for keeping the clinical record of the  pathy.
college hospital.  He attended full lectures    He is still engaged in the duties of his
on dental surgery, receiving the degree of  profession, and has lately become an associate
D. D. S., and has since paid great attention  editor of the Nrew Ezgland MJAedical Gazelltte.
to diseases of the teeth, following no other
profession, though tenacious of his homceo'
pathic sentiments.
Dr. Duff is remarkable for the energy and        OYER, FRANCIS  WILLIAM.
determination with which he has pursued a             M. D., of Pottsville, Penna., was
difficult and thorny path.  It may be stated         born February I8th, 1848. Hii
in regard to this, that when he commenced            father, William  E. Boyer, was a
practice, he invested his whole stock of money  tobacco merchant, and achieved great success
-seventy-five cents-in medicine. His gen- in his business. The subject of this sketch
erosity is equal to his enterprise, never re- received his early education in the common
fusing medicine and service to those who are  schools of Pottsville, graduating from  the
o0



146                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
High School, in I865. Continued ill health  employed his leisure hours during these foul
led him to the study of medicine, to find re- years in studying medicine, first with Dr.
medies suited to his own case, and this deter-  Hunter, of Louisville, and afterwards with
mined his choice of a profession. His studies  Dr. Jones, of Penfield.  From  Georgia he
were commenced under the direction of Dr. proceeded to Cleveland, where he attended
C. H. Hzeseler, then of Pottsville, and were  lectures at the Homoeopathic College, from
continued at the University of Pennsylvania, which institution he graduated in I858.
from  which he graduated in March, I868,   After graduating, he located at Des Moines,
and at the Hahnemann Medical College, from  where he has resided ever since, except durwhich he received a diploma, in I869. After- ing the years I863-'64, when he visited New
wards he spent a summer at the Baltimore  York, practised in Harlem, and attended lecEye and Ear Hospital.  Practising at first but tures at the Homceopathic College on Twenlittle and with no intention of devoting him- tieth street and Third avenue, from which inself wholly to his profession, his success was stitution he graduated for the second time, in
so great and the increase of his business so  the spring of I865. He then immediately
rapid, that he soon found himself involved in  returned to Des Moines, and resumed his
a practice from which he could not honorably  practice there, which now has grown through
withdraw, and was consequently in a measure  his marked ability and close attention into
forced to make it the serious business of his large and lucrative proportions.
life.                                        On the reorganization of the Iowa State
Dr. Boyer is a physician of no ordinary  Medical Society at Des Moines, in May, I870,
merit. To a studious disposition and an en- Dr. Dickinson was chosen its first President.
thusiastic energy in the pursuit of his favorite    Dr. Dickinson's life has been comparatively
science, he adds a natural sagacity in the  uneventful.  He has never sought public
tracing and treatment of diseases, which has honors, political or otherwise, being content
gained for him the title of " a born doctor."  to serve as a private in the hommopathic
He is permanently settled in Pottsville, where  army, though striving kis utmost to make a
he enjoys the unlimited confidence of the good record as a physician, and quietly to do
public, and a patronage scarcely second to  his best in alleviating human misery. In this
that of the oldest practitioner.           laudable endeavor he has been eminently successfufl.
ICKINSON,  WILMOT   HOR-                   LLIS, MRS. SARAH  M., M.D.,
TON, M. D., of Des Moines,                 of New York, was born in New
Iowa, was born at Stanstead, Pro-          York State, in I828.  She was
vince of Quebec, Canada, on Sep-           educated in Detroit, Mich., where
tember I9th, I829. His father was of Eng- she commenced the study of medicine, attendlish descent; his mother came of VWrelsh  ing two full courses of lectures, and half a
parentage.  He received an academic educa- term each of three other courses, she gration in his native village.  After leaving  duated at the Western Homceopathic College
school he went South, and was engaged in  of Cleveland, O., in I859.  Removing to
teaching for four years, the first half of that New York, in I862, she was appointed in the
time as principal of the Louisville Female  following year to the chair of Anatomy in the
Seminary, Ga., and the latter half in the pre- New York Medical College for Women, which'
paratory school of Mercer University, Penfield, position she filled for two years with distinGa. Having always had a taste for the me- guished success, being the first female Profesdical profession, and determining to adopt it sor of Anatomy in America. Having to do
as soon as his circumstances should permit, he  her own dissecting, and to inject both her



HOMICEPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          147
own subjects and those for the dissections of uation could be productive of any good. In
the students, she found the duties too arduous  1840, however, facts came to his knowledge,
for her, and, a severe illness following the  which impelled him to get certain homceopatermination of the last course of lectures, she thic books and medicines; and so satisfactory
felt compelled to resign, but retained her con- were his examination and tests, that he unhenection with the college for some years as one  sitatingly adopted the new science. Since
of the Board of Censors. She has since been  that time his practice has been altogether horepeatedly solicited to fill a chair in the same  mceopathic, using mostly attenuations from the
institution, and also in the Free Medical Col- second decimal to the third centesimal.
lege for Women, of New York. In the fall   Dr. Clark has passed his life in the quiet
of I869, in company with her husband, Dr. performance of the duties of his profession,
John Ellis, she visited Florida, spending the  free from all exciting experiences, but not unwinter in Jacksonville, and devoting her at- eventful in his gentle ministry to his fellowtention to the treatment of the diseases of her men. His one wish in regard to his profesown sex. In the following spring, she made  sion is the charitable one which speaks a
an extended trip through the eastern and  Christian spirit, that good men of both schools
southern portion of Florida.               would be co-laborers in the cause of medical
Mrs. Ellis has ever been a strong advocate  progress, and not antagonists, blinded by preof female education; and always extends her  judice.
sympathy and aid as far as able, in behalf of
those who are in any way afflicted or distressed.
YBURN, GEORGE, M. D., of
Greeley, Col., was born in New- LARK, LUTHER, A. B., M. D.,                   castle-on-Tyne, England, on
of Waltham, Mass., was born in             March 31st, 1831.  He was eduthat town, July 3oth, I8Io.  He  cated in England, and his education was of
was educated at Harvard Univer- a liberal character. On its completion, he
sity, where he graduated A. B., in I833, and, studied architecture and civil engineering, and
in I836, after a full medical course, took the  in due time entered upon the active duties of
degree of M. D. He entered upon practice  that profession, in which he continued to be
in Boston immediately on his graduation, and  engaged until he left England, in 1854. He
continued there until feeble health compelled  originally settled in Toronto, C. W. He was
him to leave, in I87o. He then removed to  elected a member of the Canadian Institute
Waltham, his native town.                  in the winter of I855.  In the following year
In I833, he met with Hennig G. Linberg, he came to the United States for the purpose
a learned Dane, resident in Santa Cruz, who  of studying medicine, and, in I856-'57, mawas acquainted with Dr. C. Hering, and who  triculated and attended lectures at the Westso strongly advised his studying homceopathy  ern College of Homceopathy, Cleveland. Reas the medical science of the future, that he  turning to Canada in the spring of 1857, he
was induced to give it at least an examination. began the practice of medicine in Port Hope,
He read with much interest and profit Hahne- C. W., where he had, to use his own language,
mann's "Organon," and was strongly inclined  "the honor if not the profit of introducing
to believe in the principle of "simzilia," until homceopathy."'  Being anxious to complete
he was stopped by what seemed to him the his studies, he again visited Cleveland in the
absurdity of decilliontiz doses. For nearly  fall and winter term of I858-'59, continued
seven years longer, he remained an allopath, lectures at the college, and took his M. D. debecause not willing to admit the statement of gree in the ensuing spring.  By that time he
Hahnemann that doses of such extreme atten- had made up his mind to remain in the



148                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
United States, and for some years he travelled  attended lectures at the Eclectic Medical Inand lived in various cities, among them Cin- stitute of Cincinnati, fi-om  which place he
cinnati, Louisville, Nashville, New York, and  graduated February I4th, I86o. He then
Washington, engaging partly in literary labors, returned to Castletown and entered enthusiasand partly in those of the medical profession. tically upon the duties of his profession.
In I864, he settled in Indiana, first in Shelby-    Diphtheria was then prevailing, and he found
ville, and subsequently in Logansport, where  that it was more successfully treated by the
he remained for six years, and by his skill and  homceopathic than by the allopathic or eclecattention built up quite an extensive practice. tic systems, and he was therefore induced to
Then he became interested in the Union Co- procure some homceopathic medical works
lony, and, in I870, went out to Colorado as and carefully study their teachings, and the
one of the founders of the town of Greeley. result of his so doing was, that in the spring
There he engaged somewhat in engineering  of I864, he located in Eaton, O., as a homceand laying out the lands of the colony, turn- opath. There he remained, doing a fine buing to account his original profession.  At the  siness, until October I865.  In the winter of
same time he practised, and continues to prac-  1865, he attended lectures at the Homceopatise, medicine whenever any sickness calls for thic Medical College of Philadelphia, from
his services.                              which institution he graduated on the Ist of
He was married in England, in I852, and  March, I866.  He then entered into partnerlosing his wife, he married again in I865. He  ship with Dr. Emmons, of Middletown, O.,
has six children, the eldest of whom is named  but not deeming the amount of business suffiHahnemann, after the illustrious founder of cient for both, he formed a connection with
homoeopathy.                               Dr. Busler, of Dayton, O., to which place he
In I872, Dr. Pyburn was elected a member moved on the Ist of January, I867.  Here he
of the Indiana Institute of Homceopathy.   tested the value of high potencies and single
He has done some service to the cause of remedies, concerning which he had been inhomceopathy with his pen, of which he is a structed while in Philadelphia, and now calls
ready, elegant and forcible wielder. While  himself " a confirmed high dilutionist, prepractising in Port Hope as Mr. Pyburn, he  scribing the single remedy and high dilution
wrote and published in the Guide, of that in all cases, with the best of success."
town, an able series of papers on homceopa-   In September, I867, he bought a patent
thy, which were well received, and had con- right, which purchase proved a misfortune, as
siderable effect in securing a favorable recep- he became involved in debts, which, with a
tion of the new system.                    small practice, he was unable to pay; he was,
therefore, obliged to leave Dayton, and he
went to Troy, O., where he soon had a good
practice, but unfortunately, in I87o, he venEVER, ISAIAH, M. D., of Dexter, tured upon a speculation in coal, and soon
Mich., was born  in Frederic  lost all his savings; he then sold out to Dr.
-sm county, Md., September 3rd, I833. Lukens, and started West, but was taken sick,
His father was a farmer, and  and was for a long time ill with typhoid
his education was obtained at the common  fever.
schools and from private instructors.        In October, I872, he was elected Professor
In I856, he engaged as drug clerk and stu- of Chemistry in the Detroit Homceopathic
dent of medicine with Dr. Potter of Castle- Medical College. He is a member of the
town, Miami county, 0.  With him he re- Miami Hornmceopathic Society, of which he
mained until February, I859, when he attended  was elected President, in I869.  He is also
lectures at the Walnut Street School of Cin- a member of the Ohio State Homceopathic
cinnati. During the winter of I859-'6o, he  Society.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            149
Although an unfortunate speculator, Pro- practising there his first principles of homeefessor Dever is regarded as an excellent phy- opathy.  Remaining here only a year or two,
sician and a fine lecturer; and as a man is he removed to Hempstead, L. I., where he
much esteemed by his friends and colleagues. found a far more promising field of labor.
He remained here for about seven years, gaining a large practice, and establishing a fine
field for future operations, and meanwhile atLY, WALLACE   AUGUSTUS, tending a course of homceopathic lectures in
M. D., of White Plains, N. Y., New York city. Hewas fortunate while here
was born in  Hanover, Morris in securing to the cause of homceopathy an
county, N. J., January 28th, 1828. eminent allopathic physician-a  graduate of
His father, although then a plain, practical the College of Physicians and Surgeons in
farmer, determined to give his son a profession, New York-which he now successfully pracand educated him accordingly. Hechose the  tises.  His health failing, he sought its restoprofession of medicine, studying under Dr. ration in travel. After some time spent in
John L. Crane, of Hackettstown, N. J., who  this, he was attacked with severe illness while
subsequently removed to New Utrecht, L. I., at St. Paul, Min., from which he had barely
where with his partner, Dr. Dubois, he fell a recovered, when he returned to his father,
martyr to the yellow fever, while bravely bat- with whom he remained until he was able to
tling against that terrible scourge, during its resume his duties, and then settled in White
visit to that section, in 1852. They fell just Plains, N. Y., where he is making for himself
as the disease was abating in violence, having  a valuable practice.
remained at their post when all other physi-    Dr. Ely keeps himself aloof from politics,
cians for many miles around had fled in terror. except in exercising the right of suffrage, but
His education was entirely allopathic. After devotes himself exclusively and assiduously
applying himself assiduously for three or four to his profession.
years, he graduated from the medical department of the New York University, in the
spring of I850. His health being at that
time delicate, and having been a close student,     OOK, ABIJAL PERKINS, M. D.,
he asked for his examination a few weeks in           of Hudson, N. Y., was born Deadvance of the regular commencement, and              cember 2nd, 8o08, in Hyde Park,
through the kindness and influence of Dr.             Duchess county, N. Y.  He is
Gunning S. Bedford, Professor of Obstetrics the son of Dr. George Whitfield Cook, who
and Diseases of Women and Children, he married a daughter of Dr. Abram Teller, of
was allowed his examination, and graduated  Hyde Park, N. Y. His grandfather was Colwhen he was twenty-one.  He then returned  onel Ellis Cook, of Hanover, N. J. Having
to his home in New Jersey to recruit his in his earlier life prosecuted his English stuhealth.  In the autumn following, he com- dies, he entered the Academy at Hudson, Comenced practice in Syracuse, N. Y., but hav- lumbia county, N. Y., where he was graduated.
ing clandestinely read Hahnemann's "Orga-  In 1832, he commenced his medical studies
non," and other works on homeopathy, his with his brother, Dr. George W. Cook, in
mind had become too deeply imbued with the  Hudson, and, in I835, graduated at the Colspirit of truth contained in them, to remain  lege of Physicians and Surgeons in Fairfield,
long confined to the narrow dogmas of the old  Herkimer county, N. Y. He commenced the
school; and, taking the earliest opportunity to practice of medicine in Chatham, Columbia
convince himself by actual experiment of its county, N. Y. Here he remained four years,
truth or falsity, on leaving Syracuse, he located  then moved to Kinderhoot, in April, I839,
at Dobb's Ferry, N. Y., in the spring of I851, and, in May of the year following, went to



I50                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPSEDIA  OF
Hudson, N. Y., where he became a convert tained his regular degree of M. D. from the
to homceopathy.                           Homceopathic  Medical College, Penna.,
Previous to this change in his views and  March 2d, I850, and the same college, unpractice, he had been a member of the Allo- solicited, conferred on him, in I852, an honpathic Society of Columbia county, N. Y., orary degree for eminent attainments in
and in 1837 was appointed censor. At a medical science.
meeting held in Boston, in June, I847, he    From  1840 to I843 he was Professor in
was elected a member of the American Insti-  Granville College, Licking county, O., and
tote of Homceopathy, was chosen President principal of its preparatory department, in
(of the New York State Medical Society in  which position he attained eminence as a
S865, and was elected permanent member of practical teacher; his untiring energy and
the same body in I866. At the commence- exactness of mind winning the affection and
nent of the war, he was appointed one of the  esteem, as well of his associate professors, as
United States Pension Examining Surgeons of the numerous students in his class, many
-a position which he retains. He is also  of whom are now noted ministers and proPhysician of the Board of Health of Hudson, fessional men.
N. Y. His long career has been alike hon-    Having retired from Granville College, he
orable to himself, beneficial to the community,  opened and maintained for three years a
and valuable in the witness it has borne to  select private school for the purpose of prethe genial influence of the system of homnceo- paring boys and young men for college, law,
pathy.                                    or practical business; in which, as in his recent occupation, he sustained his high reputation as a teacher., ODGE, LEWIS, M. D., of Chicago,   While thus engaged he became acquainted
Ills., was born in Utica, N. Y., with Dr. John Ellis, the pioneer of homceoJune 27th, ISI5.  His father, pathy in Detroit, Mich. He attended one
Jesse Dodge, was of Keene, N. course of medical lectures at Geneva College
H., and his mother, Sarah Johnson, of New  in I844 and I845, and, having thoroughly
London, Conn. After pursuing his prelim- convinced himself of the truth of the new
inary studies till the age of about fourteen, he  doctrine, as set forth by Hahnemann, he comnet with an accident, which possibly changed  menced the practice of it at Adrian, Mich.,
the course of his after life. It was a com- adopting it as his future occupation-the
pound fracture of his right leg, and the case practice of the healing art.
was treated by Professor James D. Spencer,   He was married at Manchester, Mich., to
of Geneva College, and Dr. Sydney  H. Miss Lavinia Weir, daughter of Deacon
Blossom, whose surgical operations in this John Weir, on March Ist, I838, with whom
case were attended with more than usual suc- he has lived happily ever since, still enjoying
cess. Dr. Blossom became much interested  her society as in his youth. She has been
in his youthful patient, and induced him to  the mother of six children, three of whom.
oecome his pupil and a member of his family, died young. The loss of the two eldest, and
at Durhamville, N. Y. There he remained  the deplorable ignorance of many of the phyfor two years, studying medicine and surgery  sicians of the old school, led him  to retire
until he left, to enter upon his course of lite- from a profitable business and engage in the
Tary and scientific studies.              practice of homceopathy for the preservation
These were conducted at the various insti- of his own life and that of his family. In
tutions of Woodstock Academy, Hamilton  making this change he has fully realized
College, Geneva Medical College, Homceo- his expectations, as now, at the age of fiftypathic Medical College, Penna., and the  seven —his wife being fifty-five-both are in
Ohio State and Union Law School. He ob- good health, the doctor never having been so



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                I5i
ill, during thirty years, as to prevent his           ATOR, HENRY  HULL, M. D.,
attention to business.                                  of Syracuse, N. Y., was born in
When he first commenced practising in                 Roxbury, Delawarecounty, N.Y.,
Adrian, he had charge of a very severe case             July I3th, I8I5.  His preparaof nursing sore mouth, in an influential fan- tory studies having been completed, he comily, which he treated with such success, with  menced in I837 the study of medicine, under
his "little pill-boxes" as to effect a cure  the direction of Dr. J. B. Cowles.  He then
within three weeks.  He also treated erysip-  entered the Medical College of Geneva, N.
elas, dysentery, scarlet fever and pneumonia, Y., where he graduated in the spring of I840.
with such marked success that he speedily  Soon after graduation he formed a partnergained a widespread reputation for skill, thus  ship with Dr. Hilem Bennett, and commenced
procuring an extensive practice.             the practice of allopathy in Moravia, Cayuga
About this period he, in connection with  county, N. Y.  Here his attention was forDrs. Ellis, Thayer and others, formed the  cibly directed to homceopathy.  After a paMichigan Institute of Hommceopathy, coml- tient and thoughtful investigation of its prinmencing the agitation which, after several ciples, he adopted them, and became an
years, resulted in the passage of a law by the  earnest and zealous advocate of them.  His
State, establishing a chair of professorship of  experience has been such that every day of
homoeopathy in the University of Michigan  practice does but increase his confidence in
at Ann Arbor.                               the wisdom of the doctrine of Hahlemann.
Dr. Dodge was a delegate from the Mich- The brilliant results of his practice induced
igan Institute to a convention held at Cleve- his honored partner, Dr. Bennett, to examine
land, O., in I849, where the preliminary steps  its merits.  He.also gave to the subject the
were taken for obtaining the charter for the  most careful and laborious examination, which
Western College of Homceopathic Medicine. resulted in his also becoming an enthusiastic
I-e was elected its first Professor of Materia  convert.
Medica and Medical Jurisprudence, which    In 1842, Dr. Cator removed to the city of
difficult position he occupied to the satisfac-  Syracuse, N. Y.; he was the pioneer of
tion of all.  The following year he was, at his  homceopathy in the county of Onondaga, and
own request, transferred to the chair of Obstet- his success in the treatment of disease was
tics, and Diseases of Women and Children;  such that many of the leading allopathic phystill retaining, however, the chair of medical sicians of the city and county were induced
jurisprudence.  He was also Dean of the  to emlbrace its principles, and have since befaculty, thus  placing  on  him  the great come prominent members of the school.
burden of maintaining  the  Homoeopathic    He was one of the original members of the
Medical College, it being the second one in  American Institute of Homceopathy, organAmerica.                                    ized in the city of New York in I844, and at
For the past six years he has resided in  this time one of the most powerful and beneChicago, where he has an extensive and  ficent medical organizations in America.  In
lucrative practice.                          I846, he edited and published the HonvzooHe, with Professor G, D. Behr, performed  opathic Pionee-r, at Syracuse, a monthly medithe celebrated surgical operation, in which  cal journal, in which he was assiste.d by Dr.
four and one-half feet of the small bowels  L. M. Tracy, who was then his pupil.  This
were removed, in consequence of mortification. spirited little medical journal gave an impetus
The case was one of strangulated umbilical to homceopathy, in disseminating its truths
hernia, which had previously been treated by  and combating the errors and fallacies of
another physician.  The success was com- allopathy.  At that day very little was known
plete, the patient still living at Lee Cen- of either its principles or practice, and altre, Ill,                                   though met by the prejudices of the people



152                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
and the hostility of allopaths, it steadily  and his comparative youth. Homceopathy,
advanced until it secured a circulation com- moreover, is not indigenous in that vicinity,
mensurate with the ability which character- and has to fight its way to notice and honor.
ized it.                                   Dr. Bowie has met these difficulties in a
While temporarily residing at Milwaukee  heroic spirit, and has made by his good sucfor the benefit of his wife's health, in I847, cess a highly favorable impression upon the
he was successful in introducing homceopathy  community.  Although young, he is well
in that city, where Drs. Tracy and Douglass known to be an able and accomplished phyhave since continued its practice with honor sician, and it is not too much to anticipate for
to themselves and to the satisfaction of the  him the high positions which will bring his
people.  Returning to Syracuse, he was en- talents into successful service, and the regaged in a large and lucrative practice until nown which contributions from his pen to the
stricken down with a painful and protracted  literature  of homceopathy  will inevitably
illness, which compelled him to relinquish  procure.  He has been but four years in prachis arduous duties and seek in a milder and  tice in a county in which he stands alone as
more genial climate the restoration of his a homceopathic physician.
health. A few years of travel in the South,   Dr. Bowie is a member of the American
and recreation among the Catskill Mountains, Institute of Homoeopathy, and of the Pennhave completely restored him  to his former sylvania State Homceopathic Medical Society.
health, and he expects, in due time, again to
enter upon the active duties of his profession,
in the city of Camden, N. J.
IUSTIN, JOHN HAYDEN, M. D.,
of Camden, N. J., was born in
Trenton, in the same State, on
OWIE, ALONZO  P., M. D., of                  July 24th, I842. His ancestors
Uniontown, Penna., was born in  on his father's side were of English descent,
the place of his present residence  although the first of the name was a Count
on March 3Ist, I847. Entering  Austini, an Italian nobleman, who, embracing
the public schools, and passing through them  Prctestantism, removed to England, where he
with eclat, he entered Madison Institute, in  married an English lady. The ancestors of
Uniontown, where he pursued his more ad- Dr. Austin's mother left Holland during the
vanced academical studies.  After leaving  persecutions there, and came to America with
the institute, he entered his father's drug  the Van Renssalaers, Elmendorfs and other
store, where he made himself acquainted with  families whose names, like their own, Van
the elements of pharmacopceia, and became  Vorhees, are well known in connection with
familiar with the preparation of medical pre- the history of New  Jersey.  His paternal
scriptions.   While thus engaged he came great-grandfather was a major in the revoluacross a copy of Ellis's " Family Homceo- tionary war; his maternal great-grandfather
pathy," the study of which excited a desire  was also an officer in the corntinental army
for a more thorough acquaintance with this during the revolution.
system. Entering upon its study with ardent   Dr. Austin was educated at the Classical
zeal, he prepared himself for the medical col- Academiy in Trenton. After leaving school
lege, and, passing through a thorough course  he entered the office of Dr. Charles Hodge
of lectures, graduated as M. D. in I868, with  of the same city. He graduated with high
honor. Settling in his native place, he has honors from the University of Pennsylvania,
labored earnestly in his profession, hav'ing to  March I2th, I864. The preceding February
contend with the two-fold difficulty attendant he received a commission as assistant surgeon
upon one who practises among his townsmen, in the United States Navy, having passed the



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I53
examination of the Board before graduating. now prefer to entrust their lives to him, and
Thus, soon after attaining his majority, he  every year sees him more firmly established
successfully stood the severest test of medical in practice and reputation.
qualifications imposed in this country, and
w as, at the time, the youngest physician
in the navy, none under age being admitted.                                             LOSS, JABEZ P., M. D., of Troy,
After a short service at the Philadelphia           N. V., was born at Royalton, Vt.,
Navy Yard on the United States ship North             January 15th, I829. He is the
Carolina, he was ordered to the United States         eldest son of the late Dr. Richard
ship Manhattan, and sailed soon after, as Bloss, one of the three pioneers in the pracmedical officer in charge, joining the West tice of homoeopathy in northern New York,
Gulf Squadron under Admiral Farragut.  He  which practice he adopted in the year 1840.
participated in the actions in Mobile Bay,   He received the rudiments of learning in
Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan, and was after- the common district school, supplementing
ward placed in charge of a ward in the  the same at the Royalton Academy, and finUnited States Naval Hospital at Pensacola, ally graduating from  the Rensselaer PolyFla. At the close of the war he was com- technic Institute of Troy, N. Y., in the year
pelled to abandon what he had considered  I847, with the degrees of Bachelor of Natural
his life work, resigning his position in the  Science, and Civil Engineer.
navy on account of ill health. During Gen-    Being thus qualified, he was appointed to
eral Lee's invasion of southern Pennsyl- and accepted the position of First Assistant
vania, he served as a private in the Ist New  Engineer on the Boston and Albany Railroad,
Jersey Battalion, and in i862, as a medical which he held from  1847 to I850. At this
cadet on the peninsula of Virginia.        time the constantly increasing practice of his
Dr. Austin was first favorably impressed  father requiring aid, he commenced the study
with the results of homceopathic treatment in  of medicine.  He matriculated in the Vertyphoid fever, while remaining temporarily  mont Medical College, at Woodstock, in the
in Philadelphia during the summer and fall session of 185I. From the close of the sesof I865. Entering practice shortly after in  sion he was a pupil in the private class of
southern New Jersey, he took every oppor- Professors R. B. Palmer and Alonzo Clark,
tunity of testing the value of homceopathic  in the studies of anatomy, physiology and
agencies by practical application. Thus step  pathology, and graduated from the College of
by step he felt his way until, thoroughly con- Physicians and Surgeons of New York, durvinced, he gave in his full adhesion to the  ing the session of that faculty of 1852-'53.
principles of homceopathy.                   Immediately on graduation he received the
In May, I866, he married a daughter of  appointment of Demonstrator of Anatomy of
the late Dr. A. C. Dickinson, of Philadelphia, the Vermont Medical College, which position
the lady being a native of Baltimore.      he filled during the session of I853. The
In I868, he removed to Camden, N. J., complete change of occupation  from  the
where he has since resided.  He is a mem- open-air life of a civil engineer to the conber of the Board of Education of that city; is fined atmosphere of the chamber and lecture
also Medical Director of the Grand Army of  hall was now followed by that oft-occurring
the Republic, Department of New Jersey.    sequence-loss of health.  To recuperate he
Dr. Austin is a most successful physician, sought a warmer climate, spending the sucenjoying in an unusual degree the confidence  ceeding two years in somewhat extensive
of his patients.  Some who have a decided  travels in Central and South America, many
leaning to allopathic principles, and who  of the larger groups of the Pacific Islands,
formerly depended solely on the old school, Japan, East Indies, and up the North Pacific



I54                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
as far as the month of the Amoor River, twenty-one. In July, 1852, he married Miss
Siberia.  The third year of absence was  Sarah Case, of Syracuse, and soon after enmostly occupied in attending the lectures and  gaged in mercantile pursuits at Chicago, but
clinics of the then most noted medical savants the following year sold his business, and beof Vienna and Paris.                      gan the study of medicine under the direction
Of the career of Dr. Bloss little need be  of Dr. H. R. Kelsey, of Chicago, and gradusaid.  His present position and extensive  ated at the  New  York  Central' Medical
practice fully prove that his unusual advan-  College in March, 1855. But, being offered
tages for education, medical and otherwise, an  advantageous business connection, he
were thoroughly appreciated and improved.   accepted, and was again, for three years, engaged in business pursuits. In August, I859,
he resumed his medical studies, and practised
at Newburg, Orange county, until November,
OUSE, LYMAN VAN BUREN, I86i, when he moved to Syracuse.  In SepM. D., of Dowagia, Michigan, tember, I862, he was commissioned assistant
was born in the township of Pen- surgeon, and served in the Union Army until
dleton, Niagara county, N. Y., on  the close of the war, and was for meritorious
August 2Ist, I834. His father, John Rouse, service brevetted Major United States Volof Dutch ancestry, was descended from the  unteers.  In July, I865, he established himRouses of Mohawk Valley, in western New  self at Canastota, where he was the first to
York.  His mother, Sophronia H. Thayer,. is introduce the homceopathic system of practice.
descended from the Thayers and Butlers of
Vermont, of English ancestry. His parents
settled. in Kalamazoo county, in I836, in
Prairie Rond.  His medical education was           XLLOCK, LEWIS, M. D., of New
attained in the Hahnemann Medical College            York city, was born in that place
of Chicago, under the guidance and direc-            on June 3oth, I803. His father,
tion of Professor S. B. Thayer, of Battle            Jacob Hallock, was a native of
Creek, Mich. On the 2gth April, I863, he  Southold, Long Island, from whence he remarried Miss Mary E. Parker of Battle  moved to New York; and engaged in merCreek, and in  I865 settled in Dowagia, cantile business until his death in  I8i3,
where, during the last eight years, he has leaving two sons, the subject of this sketch
practised homceopathy with great success. and a younger brother, Horace Hallock, for
He claims to be liberal in politics, religion  many years a successful merchant in Detroit.
and medicine.                                Dr. Hallock finished his preparatory studies
at Clinton Academy, in East Hampton, Long
Island, then the second of but two incorporDAMS, HIENRY  F., M. D., of  ated academies in the State. He commenced
Canastota, N. Y., was born in  the study of medicine with a relative, Dr.
Lafayette, Onondaga county, N. Elisha Hallock of Southold. In the followY. He was educated at the com- big year he returned to New  York, and
mon schools, but desirous of a more complete  entered the office of Dr. John'N. Francis,
education than could be there obtained, he  Professor of Obstetrics, etc., in the College of
by persevering effort, working by day and  Physicians and Surgeons, in the city of New
studying at night, became familiar with an- York. He graduated in 1826. In this class
cient and modern history, and acquired a were four of his fellow students who became
good knowledge of all the common branches. early converts to homceopathy, viz.: Drs.
At the age of sixteen he entered a store at John F. Gray, Benjamin F. Joslin, Sr., H. G.
Salina, as clerk, and remained there until Dunnell, and W. C. Palmer, all of whom, of



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I55
course, were compelled to endure the oblo- one younger —also studied and  practised
quy and contempt of those who still adhere  medicine. In his twenty-first year, he graduto the old school.                         ated at the Geneva Medical School, then
After practising allopathy for fifteen years, located at Fairfield, Herkimer county, N. Y.,
he was induced to test the efficacy of homoeo- and began practice in Delaware county. Ile
pathic remedies in some special cases, which  married when twenty-four, and in I827 reresulted in his becoming an avowed homoeo- moved to Bath, Steuben county. After ten
pathist, and he joined the American Institute  years of most successful practice, he estabof Homcmopathy, in I846. From that date, lished himself as a wholesale druggist in
he has seen no cause to regret his adoption  New York city. Becoming interested in the
of the progessive system.  His large and  system of Hahnemann, he watched its dawn
lucrative practice is evidence of his ability, in this country with close attention, and
and his acceptance.  His success has been  after careful observation of, and research
commensurate with his earnest devotion to  into, its principles and workings, entered
his duties. He has published little besides upon its practice in I857, in Buffalo, N. Y.
reports of cases, and essays read before medi- In I864, he removed to Mount Kisco, West
cal associations.                          Chester county. At the advanced age of
seventy he is actively and successfully engaged in all the duties of his profession.
Dr. Comstock is an elder in the PresbyterOMSTOCK, ALBERT LEE, M. ian Church, of which his father was a deacon
D., of Mount Kisco, West Ches- for thirty-five years. He was a staunch Whig
ter county, N. Y., was born in  during the existence of that party; a strong
the town of Btltternuts, Otsego  anti-slavery advocate; one of the first to join
county, in that State, December I2th, I802. in the organization of the Republican party;
His father was a farmer, one of'the pioneers and is an advocate of progress in every deof the eastern part of the State, having emi- partment of life, and interested in all that
grated thither from  Lynn, Conn., in I80o. can benefit his country and his race.
He was the third of what was afterwards a
large family. In his boyhood, he attended
school during the winter, and worked upon
the farm  in the summer.  Deciding early            O M PTO N, JOSHUA  AUGUSupon a professional life, and knowing that            TINE, M. D., of Muncie, Indihe could not depend wholly upon his father            ana, was born in Bradford, Steufor aid in the necessary preparation, he re-          ben county, N. Y., February 26th,
solved to attain his object by his own exer-  I835.  He commenced the study of meditions.  Entering the village academy, for cine under the guidance of Dr. G. C. Hibbard,
several months he walked a distance of six  of Springville, Erie county, N. Y. He atmiles every day, and then boarded himself  tended his first course of lectures at the New
in order to secure the more time to his stud- York  Homceopathic  Medical College in
ies. At eighteen he chose the medical pro-  I864-'65.  Occupying the summer months
fession, for which, on his father's side, there  in the practice of medicine at White's Corner,
seemed to be a strong natural taste; having  Erie county, N. Y., he went to Cleveland,
two uncles physicians: Dr. John Comstock, Ohio, in the fall, and graduated in the spring
of Hartford, Conn., widely known as the au- of I866, at the Western Homoeopathic Colthor of works on Chemistry and Natural lege.  On May Ist of that year, he comPhilosophy; and Dr. Joseph Comstock, of  menced the practice of medicine at Muncie,
Rhode Island, also author of works on scien- Indiana, where he has been successful.  He
tific subjects. Two brothers-one older and  is a member of the Indiana Institute of Ho



156                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
mceopathy, having joined it on the 22d of be the business physician of that section of
May, I867, the day of its organization, and  the city.
has been Vice-President since I868. Hewas   In I868, he was honored by his fellow
a member of the Western Institute, until it citizens of the Fifth Congressional District
merged into the American, and he became a  of Pennsylvania, as their Representative in
member of the American Institute in I869.  the Forty-first Congress of the United States;
and while holding this position, he served as
a member of the Joint Committee of the
Senate and House on retrenchment.  This
EADING, JOHN  R., M. D., of  Committee, consisting of Senators PatterPhiladelphia, was born in Somer-  son, Schurz, and Sherman, and Representa-  ton, 23d Ward, of Philadelphia, tives Walker, Jencks, Benton, and Reading,
Novemlber Ist, I826.  His par- was delegated to proceed to California to
ents were widely known through that part make certain investigations.  In this mission
of the city as worthy examples of upright- they were entirely successful, and by their
ness and Christian piety.  They gave to  labors saved to the United States Treasury
their children a good religious training, as the annual sum of $150,000.  He made the
well as a solid general education, both of  trip to the Pacific coast, with the Committee,
which have contributed to enable them to  and rendered valuable assistance to them in
win the regard of those with whom  they  the object of their mission.  The results of
have been brought into social or business re- his close and accurate observations of scenes
lations. After receivinga thorough academic  and incidents during his journey were emeducation, he entered the office of Dr. David  bodied in several lectures which he delivered
James, who, for many years, had been in  after his return. These lectures proved very
large and successful practice in the vicinity  popular, and as his voice is clear and melodiof his home, for the purpose of studying  ous, and his descriptive powers accurate and
medicine.  Having completed the requisite  entertaining, he possesses a capability for
course of reading, he entered Jefferson Medi- public speaking, which peculiarly adapts him
cal Colege, from which he was graduated  to the rostruml.
with honor, in I847.                         On the expiration of his Congressional
Dr. James was at that date practising  term, he resumed the practice of medicine, and
homceopathy.  He had but recently given it has now a larger and more lucrative business
a thorough and impartial examination, and  than at any former period.  He is amiable
having determined the question of its superi- in disposition, affable in manners, pleasing
ority, entered heartily upon its practice.  Ob- and ready in conversation; and his character
serving the wonderful effects of this system  bears the impress of elevated morality, integupon his patients, Dr. Reading entered upon  rity and probity. He is generally beloved
the investigations of its principles, and be- by all who know him, and he occupies a
came almost immediately after his gradua- high position in the church of his choice.
tion, a partner of his preceptor.  He has
never regretted his adoption of the new system, as he finds himself able, with its simple
rules and remedies, to read and cure diseases       OOD, JAMES BAYARD, M. SD.
which the allopaths, with their ponderous             of West Chester, Pa., was born
drugs, had not succeeded in controlling.  In          at Christiana, Delaware, NovemI855, Dr. James removed to the I4th Ward              ber 5th, I8I7.
of the city, and left Dr. Reading in charge    Dr. Wood is another example of what
of a large and successful practice, which has may be accomplished  by ally youth  of
increased so steadily that he is conceded to America, determined to carve his own road



HOMEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURG;EONS.                          157
to eminence and  usefulness.  His educa-            EWETT, JOHN  R., M.D., of
tional advantages were no other than those            Lyons, Mich., was born in Sayafforded by our common schools, but neglect-          brook, Middlesex county, Conn.,
ing no opportunity to cultivate his mind and          on March 5th, 1809.
to fit himself for such life-work as would    His father was an attorney and counsellor;
command the respect of mankind, he is now  his grandfather was a captain in the Revolunotable for his culture and esteemed for his tionary Army, and while a prisoner was killed
professional skill.                        in resisting a robbery of his personal property.
His early life was passed in the common  His mother was a daughter of Dr. Elisha
struggles of poor men's sons for a mere living, Mather, of the above named place.
and by advice of his parents, he learned the    In I8I9, Dr. Jewett's father moved to
trade of a miller, which he followed subse- Springfield, O.; he then attended a select
quently for five years. Abandoning that he school at Urbana, and afterward the High
began a mercantile life, which he pursued for School at Granby Corner, where, in conneetwo years, when he was induced to give that tion with the more common branches, he also
up by being offered the appointment of Deputy  studied the languages.  In I829, he comSheriff of Chester County, Pa. He continued  menced the study of medicine at Ann Arbor,
in this position for three more years, in the  Mich., in the office of his cousin, Dr. David
mean time marrying, and was then elected  Lord. In the winter of I83I-'32, he attended
High Sheriff of the County, his term expiring  medical lectures at Cincinnati, O., and the
in I847. For several years he gave much  following year received licence to practise
time and attention to politics, being appointed  as a physician from the Territorial Medical
Postmaster of West Chester by Presidents  Society.
Taylor and Filmore, which office he held   In I838, his attention was called to the
until _May, 1853. During this latter period, claims of homceopathy by the perusal of a
his attention was fortunately directed to the  pamphlet written by Dr. Hering, and also by
study of medicine. Acting upon wise con- a communication from Dr. Gideon Humphrey
victions, he chose to become a homceopathist, of Philadelphia.  In I846, he began practice
and, in accordance therewith, he became a as a homceopath, and, in the winter of I85I,
student of the Homceopathic Medical College  attended lectures at the Western Homceopaof Pennsylvania, were he graduated, in I854. thic College at Cleveland, O., where he reDr. Wood, although devoted to his profession, ceived his degree.
still takes much interest in politics. From the    In I848, he married Miss Mary L. Snyder.
time of the original organization of the old    He was one of the first to introduce the
Whig party until its dissolution, he was an  new system in the State of Michigan, and has
active consistent member of it, and when the  now as much practice as the precarious state
Republican party a;ose from the ruins of the  of his health will allow him to look after.
Whig organization, he joined it. He has
never been an aspirant for office since he entered upon the practice of medicine, but he         ELAVAN, JOHN  SAVAGE,
has been frequertly a member of his County            M. D., of Washington, D. C., was
Committee, for several years its chairman;            born at Ballston, Saratoga county,
also a meamber of his Town Council, and was           N. Y., on October  8tlh, I840.
a delegate to the Republican Convention, He is the son of the late Edward C. and Abwhich, in I868, nominated General Grant for bey S. Delavan.  He received a first-class
the Presidency, at Chicago.                education. As a boy he attended Charlier
As a physician he is highly esteemed by  Institute, N. Y., and on leaving that establishhis patients, his practice being large and suc- ment, he proceeded to Union College, Schecessful.                                   nectady.  His general education completed,



158                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
and having chosen medicine for a profession, gage in the ministry, he devoted all his leisure
he at once commenced its study. Having, hours to its investigation. Attacked with a
passed through the usual preliminary tutelage  bronchial affection, which  allopathy was
under a physician, he entered Albany Medical powerless to relieve, he was induced-though
College, observed the regular course, and  much against the prejudices of his early lifegraduated from  that institution with marked  to try hom(eopathy.  This proved successful.
credit, in I86I.                           He was promptly cured; and subsequent exImmediately after graduating, he began the  amination of the theory of Hahnemann, and
practice of his profession, adopting homceopa- the remarkable success he had experienced,
thy as the law of cure, having previously in- fully convinced him of its truth, and he bevestigated its principles and proved their truth. came from that time a firm believer in it.
For neary two years he served in the Army,   He entered the New York Homceopathic
part of the time at the Hospital in Washing-  Medical College, and graduated in the class
ton, and the remainder in the field as First of I866. In April of that year, he opened
Assistant Surgeon of the Ist Connecticut Ar- an office in Hackensack, N. J., where he retillery. On leaving the army, he settled down  mained two years. The saline atmosphere
to practise in New York State, and subse- of the place not agreeing with the condition
quently spent two years in Europe, during  of his wife's lungs, he felt himself compelled,
which time he studied carefully in some of  though with great reluctance, to relinquish an
the principal cities in Great Britain and on  increasing business. At the solicitation of
the continent, laying up a store of professional valued friends, he went to Scranton, Pa.,
experience of the utmost value.  He is now  where, devoting all his time and energies to
settled in Washington, wh]ere he is rapidly  his profession, he is gaining steadily a large
building up an excellent connection.       and valuable practice, and contributing to
In I866, Dr. Delavan was elected Treasurer spread the benefits of the homoeopathic system.
of the New York State Homceopathic Medical Society, and held the position to the great
advantage of the association for one year.          ARDY, JAMES E., M. D., M. B.,
Dr. Delavan was married, in I86I, to He-            C. M. Edin., of Baltimore, Md.,
len, daughter of Hon. A. D. Robinson, of              was born in Norfolk, Va., October
Albany.                                               3Ist, I842. His father is William
An accomplished physician, careful and at- J. Hardy, senior partner of the firm of Hardy
tentive to all the details of his profession, an  & Bro., Merchants in Norfolk.  Ile began
earnest student, a courteous and genial gentle- his medical studies in the spring of I864, at
man, Dr. Delavan is destined to occupy a the University of Edinburgh, pursued the full
high rank in the profession.               course for four years, and graduated there
August Ist, I868, taking the degrees of M. B.,
(Bachelor of Medicine), and C. M. (Master
LARK, A. J., M.D., of Scranton, of Surgery). He returned to this country
Pa., was born in Chemung county, immediately on the completion of the course,
N. Y., October 6th, 1828.  His  and in the fall went to Philadelphia, where he
earlier education was received in  attended the lectures during the winter session
the common schools of the county. On reach-  I868-'69, at the Hahnemann Medical College
ing his maturity, he entered Starkey Seminary, of Philadelphia, taking the degree of M. D.
Yates county, N. Y., where he spent two years in the spring.  On the Ist of June following,
in close application to study to fit himself for he went to Baltimore, and began the practice
a profession.  At a very early age he evinced  of his profession, in which he has been nnina strong predilection for the study of medicine, terruptedly engaged, having established a large
and although circumstances led him to en- and successful practice, and secured for him



HOMCEOPATHIC  PIYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            159
self to a high degree the confidence of the  gladly actbpted as much on his family's accommunity.  Before leaving Edinburgh, he  count as on his own, and they proved emimarried a daughter of William  F. Gibson, nently efficacious.  Greatly to Dr. Strong's
Esq., of the British Linen Company Bank.   surprise the homceopath would receive no
compensation, unless it should be in services
o —--—. -             of a like nature.  Having satisfied himself of
the superiority of hommceopathy, he disposed
TRONG, WALTER  DAY OTIS  of his practice, returned to Owasco, bought
KELLOGG, M. D., of Milford, out one of the six allopathic physicians there,
Kent county, Del., was born in  and commenced as a homceopath, meeting
Owasco, Cayuga county, N. Y., with such success in his treatment of disease
on August Ioth, I823.  His father and grand- as gave him  a love for the profession.  So
father, who was one of the earliest settlers of rapidly did his practice grow that he began to
the town, were farmers. When he was thir- fear his competency, and before daylight one
teen, his father removed to Western Pennsyl- morning in November, I856, he started for
vania, leaving him with his maternal grand- Philadelphia, where he attended nearly the
father, Elijah Devoe.  Until his Igth year, he  entire winter course of lectures at the Homceworked upon the farm, then for three years opathic College. Being too poor to try grahe served as a clerk in a dry-goods store. On  duation, he procured a full stock of medicines
leaving his clerkship, he attended school at and a good library, with which he returned to
Auburn Academy for nearly one year, going  Owasco. Although the place containing but
from there to the office of his uncle, Benjamin  300 inhabitants, there was a large territory for
Devoe, M. D., an allopath, where, in April, riding, and by close application, he succeeded
1845, he commenced the study of medicine,'in three years in bringing his annual income
continuing it during the summers, and teach- up to $I200 more than his uncle and himself
ing during the winters. This teaching, with  together had charged in the best year of the
annual harvest work, enabled hinm to save  former's practice.  After fourteen years, he
means to attend his first course of lectures in  disposed of his lucrative practice and removed
the spring of I848, and his second course in  in April, I870, to Milford —where he found
the winter of 1848-'49, at the University of nine allopathic physicians and four large drug
Buffalo, from which he received his diploma, stores-for the benefit of his wife's health, and
on April I9th, I849.  He then returned to  with a view to less country riding.
Owasco, and practised with his uncle for a    He has never taken any active part in pubyear. In the fall of I850, he married, and  lic affairs, but has always manifested a deep
settled in the adjoining town of Sennett, interest in educational matters, and has served
where he labored for nearly six years. Dur- as Town Superintendent of Schools.  Politiing these years, he was reading homoeopathy  cally he has always been opposed to the Defrom such works as he could procure outside  mocratic party. Drs. F. W. Ingalls, of Kingof the profession, and he was making careful ston, N. Y., and P. Oscar C. Benson, of Skaobservations of the practice of Lewis Mc- neateles, N. Y., were his students.
Carthy, M. D., of Throopsville, some four
miles distant.  From  this gentleman, he received the greatest kindness.  Being very, if
not dangerously, sick with the varioloid, or        ELCHER, GEORGE  E., M. D.,
the " rotten smallpox " as one allopath, whom         of New York city, was born in
a large fee finally tempted to take a glance at       Greenwich, Conn., on February
him, pronounced it, Dr. McCarthy hearing of           7th, I818. His father and grandhis situation and difficulty in obtaining medi- father were both eminent physicians of the
cal aid, volunteered his services.  They were  old school; the former died in I859, after



I60                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
thirty years of extensive practice in New  to Albion, Pa., and entered into partnership
York city. IHis grandfather, after serving as with an old physician, long in practice there.
Surgeon in the revolutionary army during  He graduated at Castleton, Vt., in I848, and
the war, settled in Greenwich, Conn., where  practised in Springfield, Erie county, Pa.,
he had a very large practice until the time of  until the fall of 1852, when he removed to
his death, which occurred in I824.         Peoria, Ill., where he remained until I859;
After a preparatory course of study at the  when, his health failing, he bought a farm
New  York  University, Dr. Belcher com- near Washington, Tazewell  county, and
menced the study of medicine under Prof. J. worked upon it two years; his health being
MI. Smith, M. D., and afterward graduated at then somewhat improved, he engaged in
the New  York College of Physicians and  mercantile pursuits until the beginning of
Surgeons, in I839.  After graduating, he  the war. When the call was made for sur
was for several years associated with his geons, he offered his services; but his profather, and acquired a favorable reputation. fessional opinions differing widely from such
Hearing  occasionally  and  incidentally of  as were entertained by those in authority, he
good results from  homoeopathic treatment, abandoned the idea of serving in his prohe procured a copy of Hahnenann's " Or- fessional capacity, went to Galesburgh and
ganon," and of Hering's "Jahr," which he  raised a company of cavalry, enlisting himread, and then experimented with homcco- self as a private.  He was elected Captain,
pathic remedies. The first few trials were so  and with his company did some fighting, and
strikingly successful, as to fix his attention, performed much hard service, for nearly two
and settle the course of his future professional. years, when his health again failing, he relife.                                      signed and returned home; and when able,
In I844, he married the second daughter returned to mercantile pursuits.
of John Harper, Esq., of New York city.      In I866, he had so far recovered his health
Dr. Belcher is a member of the New York  that he felt able to resume his profession,
Medical Society, of the County, and of the  and is now doing a fine business.
State Homceopathic Medical Societies, also    He was one of the pioneers of homceoof the American'Institute of Homceopathy. pathy in Pennsylvania and in Illinois.  He
He has made a few  contributions to the  has manfully fought its battles, and wherever
Noor/t    Amzeiricanz  2Iomaop5a/zic  i~ecdical he practises, homoeopathy becomes popular.
Yournal. He has devoted his life to his profession.
LANCHARD, HENRY C., M.D.,
of Buffalo, N. V., was born in
ARR, MARVIN  S., M. D., of                   Aurora, Erie county, N. Y., JanuGalesburgh, Ill., was born in the         ary I5th, I830.  When eleven
town of Wilton, Saratoga county, years of age, he entered the academy at
N. Y., October 6th, I823.  He  Jamestown, where he remained until sixteen,
was educated at the Academy at Schuyler- and then, after teaching school for one year,
ville, N. Y., after which he learned black- entered the office of Drs. Gray and Hedges,
smithilng, and went to  Ohio.  There he  as a student of medicine; he pursued his
commenced the study of medicine with his studies under their instruction for two years,
uncle, Dr. Mervin, of Unionville, and, after and then entered the Medical Department of
a year and a half, attended a course of lec- Dartmouth College, with Dr. E. R. Peaslee
tures at Castleton, Vt. He then returned to  as his private teacher. Afterward he joined
Ohio, and entered the office of Dr. Sherwood  a private class, under the instruction of Dr.
as a practising student.  From there he went B. K. Palmer, President of the Vermont



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            I61
University; and he also attended a course of  the war. In November, I866, Dr. Blanchlectures at the Vermont University, but ard married Miss Cornelia A. Lamson, of
received his degree from Dartmouth College. Detroit, Mich.
After graduating, Dr. Blanchard, on account
of feeble health, travelled for a time in the
South, but finally located  at Keeseville,         UNHAM, RUFUS  COGWELL,
Essex county, N. Y., where he soon estab-             M. D., of Seneca Falls, N. Y.,
lished a fine practice; but the severity of the       was born at little Utica, Ononclimate, and constant exposure, subjected             daga county, N. Y., October
him  again to pulmonary hemorrhages, and  I8th, I8I9.  His father was a volunteer in
he in consequence gave up his business, and  the war of I8I2, and did much good service
spent another year in travel.             in the cause of his country. His mother,
June, I855, found him established at Buf- Lucy Cogwell, was a native of Pittsfield,
falo, where he yet remains, enjoying an  Mass.
excellent paying practice.  In June, 1857,   His education was received partly in the
he assisted in the organization of the Erie  district schools, and partly in select or priCounty Homceopathic Medical Society. And  vate academies. Till the age of seventeen,
in the same year he was commissioned Sur- he worked on a farm, except when at school,
geon of the 3Ist Brigade, New York State  and afterwards commenced teaching in the
Militia, which position he held until October, common school, which occupation he fol1862, when he was appointed Brigade Sur- lowed at Ionia, N. Y., till the spring of
geon of Volunteers.  In January, I862, he  1839, when, desiring to study medicine, he
resigned, and was mustered into the 7Sth  entered the office of Dr. Wareham Root, a
Regiment, New  York State Volunteers, as noted allopath in the village of Canton, N.
Major, and went with his regiment into the  Y., remaining with him till he graduated at
Shenandoah Valley, with Gen. N. P. Banks. the Geneva Medical College, in I843. He
The  following  April he was appointed  now commenced practice in the place of his
Provost Marshal, and held that position until birth, where he continued till he became a
August, when he was relieved, and assigned  convert to homceopathy, in the spring of
to the command of his regiment. He was  1848. At this time he moved to Canton, in
wounded at the battle of Cedar Mountain, which place he found three allopathic pracbut retained his command during Gen. Pope's titioners.  He, however, introduced the pracretreat, and until the battle of Antietam, tice of the new system, upholding its docafter which he was for some time laid up in  trines against the followers of the old.
hospital, his legs being partially paralyzed    Although his business soon became very
in consequence of a shot wound across the  extensive, it was not at first very remuneralower lumbar vertebra.  In October, 1862, tive, as he declined to receive any pay until
he resumed command of his regiment, and  his patients became thoroughly convinced of
in January, I863, was promoted  to the  the truth of the new doctrine. WhilSt in
Colonelcy of the regiment, though still suffer- Canton, many instances of remarkable cures
ing much from  sciatica, and having but effected by him, when the other school had
partially recovered the use of his right leg; failed, are on record. Being something of a
but after several months of hard service and  politician, he was elected  to fill various
much misery, he was compelled to resign, offices of trust, such as Superintendent of
and he left the service in June, I863. When  Schools, Town  Clerk, and  Coroner, etc:
his health  was sufficiently  restored, Dr. He was twice married, first, in 1843, to
Blanchard resumed his practice in Buffalo, Caroline Conant, and again, in 1859, to
much to the gratification of the many friends  Susan Laidlaw, by which unions he had
who had learned to value his services before three children.  His practice in  Canton
II



162                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA  OF
being mostly a country one, he found his   Dr. Bradley is still a very young man, and
health suffering from his arduous duties, and necessarily his experience cannot be as large
removed in I86o to Seneca Falls, where his as that of many of his brethren; but if we
practice would lie more in the city.  In  may judge from what he has already achieved,
I862 he was appointed Examining Surgeon  there lies open before him a long and brilliant
to the Pension Department, which office he career of usefulness and fame in the practice
still holds, though at one time he thought he  of the principles inculcated by the illustrious
would have to abandon it, on account of Hahnemann.
questions being asked by H. Van Aernam,
the Commissioner of Pensions, which he
deemed impertinent.
His practice in his present abode is thriving,  ARD, ALOA  FRANCIS, M. D.,
and is all ally reasonable practitioner could      of Jamestown,  N. Y., was born
desire, and at times much more than he can         in Amboy, Oswego county, N.
attend to.                                         V., on June 3oth, I834.  His
father, Aloa Ward, was a laboring man; his
grandfather, it is supposed, enlisted in the
RADLEY, DANIEL HIESTER, army, as he left home during the war of I8I2,
M. D., of Wilkesbarre, Pa., was and was never afterward heard from. HI-e is
C   born near West Chester, Pa., of English and Scotch descent.  His mother
September I5th, I849, and is died when he was about fourteen, and shortly
consequently in his twenty-fourth year. He  afterward he went to live with an uncle in
comes of a highly respectable family, his Portland, Chatauqua county, N. VY., where
father being Caleb H. Bradley, Esq., and his he remained until he reached his majority.
mother Caroline Hiester, a descendant of  His education was principally obtained at a
General Hiester, a brother of Ex-Governor common school, though he attended two or
Hiester of Pennsylvania.                 three terms at a select school in Portland, and
Dr. Bradley was fortunate in having parents also two half terms at Fredonia Academy.
whose position enabled them to give him a He began to study medicine about January
liberal education in the High Schools of  Ist, I856, with Dr. L. M. Henyon, of WestWest Chester and Coatesville, and finally at field, who removed to Buffalo the following
the Chester Valley Academy.  He early June; then he continued his studies with Dr.
commenced the study of homeopathic medi- George A. Hall, of Westfield.  In August of
cine and took his degree at the Hahnemann  that year he went, in company with Dr. A. E.
Medical College of Philadelphia in the class Keyes, to Pittsfield, Mass., and attended his
of I87I-72.                              first course of lectures at the Berkshire MediDuring his collegiate career Dr. Bradley  cal College. From that time until the winter
enjoyed the privilege and advantage of being  of 1859-60 he pursued his studies as best he
under the tuition of Malcolm MacFarland, could, teaching school a part of the time, and
M. D., professor of clinical surgery, whose occasionally working by the day or month to
assistant he became. Soon after graduating  obtain means to pay his expenses. He athe was appointed by the faculty to the posi- tended his second course of lectures at the
tion of Quizmaster and assistant to the chair Cleveland Homoeopathic College in the winof Clinical Surgery in the Hahnemann Medi- ter of I859-'60, and graduated at the close of
cal College of Philadelphia.  He however the term.  He commenced to practise at
resigned this position, and in the fall of I872, Girard, Erie county, Pa., about the middle
removed to Wilkesbarre, Pa., where he is now  of May, I86O, but not meeting with a remupractising as a homceopathic physician and  nerative business, he removed to Jamestown,
surgeon.                                 N. Y., on April Ist, i86I, where he still






71,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                            I63
resides, and where he has worked himself  M. D's. To a well stored mind are added
into a successful practice.               moral and social qualities which inspire conHe has been a Republican ever since the  fidence and command esteem.
formation of that party, but takes no active
part in politics.
He has been married twice: first to Helen        PENCER, NATHAN, M. D., of
M. Farnham, on January 26th, I863; she               West Winfield, N. Y., was born
died on January I6th, I869; and on Feb-              in  Sangerfield, Oneida county,
ruary Ist, I870, he was united to Jane S.            N. Y., on the 29th day of March,
Hastings.                                 I 809.  His grandfather, Randall Spencer,
Dr. Ward is almost entirely a self-made  was born in Rhodinsland, and was a colonel
man. He is a thoroughly informed physician, in the army of the revolution, dying soon
very enthusiastic in his profession, and de- after the declaration of peace. His father,
voted to the principles of homceopathy.  In  Job Spencer, was born in Rhodinsland, and
the sick-room  his gentle and sympathetic  was one of the pioneers of Western New
manners made him a universal favorite, while  York, settling first in Brookfield, Madison
his social qualities have won him numerous  county, and after a few years removing to
friends in every community where he has Sangerfield, Oneida county, when he died
dwelt,                                    after a life pilmigrage of 83 years.
After completing his literary studies, Dr.
Spencer commenced reading medicine under
OOPERj J. F., M. D., of Allegheny  the instruction of Dr. Eli G. Bailey, of BrookCity, Pa., was born in East Liver- field, Madison county, N. Y., remaining with
pool, Columbiana county, O., him until the spring of I834. During this
September 25, 1822.  His an- time he attended three full courses of lectures,
cestry to the third generation were American  one in Castleton, Vt., and two in Fairfield,
born. His medical education was obtained  Herkimer county, N. Y., graduating from the
in the Homoeopathic Medical College of  latter institution.
Pennsylvania, where he graduated in the    He commenced the practice of medicine
spring of 1853. Settling in Allegheny City  in Winfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., a short
he commenced practice with his preceptor, time after becoming a member of the County
Dr. C. Bayer, until April I855.  From *that Medical Society.
time to April Ist, 1862, he practised alone,   He was married in the fall to Sophronia
and since then has been associated with Dr. Bailey, the daughter of his former preceptor.
M. W. Wallace, formerly a student of his.   Being a liberal student, seeking the truth
He was married April 4th, I844. He takes wherever it was to be found, and desirous to
a high rank in the profession, and is highly  keep pace with the advance of modern
esteemed by the community.  He is a mem- science and discovery, he was led to investiber of the American Institute of Homneo- gate the claims of homceopathy, and evenpathy, President of the Homeeopathic Medi- tually was enabled to perceive its truth. For
cal Society of Pennsylvania, and has served  fourteen years a practising physician, faithtwo terms as President of the Homceopathic  fully attending to his duties and possessed of
Medical Society of Allegheny County, Pa. the confidence of the community, a member
He is a corporator of the Homoeopathic Hos- of influence and in good standing with the
pital of Pittsburgh, Pa., and has rendered valu- society with which he had united, he found
able service as a member of its medical staff. himself, because of the acquisition of knowHe has made several valuable contributions ledge his colleagues did not possess, shunned
to medical literature, and transformed many  by them, denounced as a charlatan and the
students into successful and accomplished  object of their envy and hatred.



t64                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
Desirous of disgracing him in the eyes of them faithfully. And he has lived to see
the community, and anxious to destroy the  their vindication and his own triumph. He
influence of one who had placed himself in a has the gratification of knowing of not less
position to shame them by his acquisition of  than six physicians who learned to love the
scientific knowledge and his superior success science he so enthusiastically taught them,
in treating disease, they summoned him to  and who, after receiving their degrees of
appear before their august body, in conven- Doctors of Medicine from the homceopathic
tion assembled, to answer-as though he had  medical colleges of New York, Philadelphia
committed a crime-certain charges of dis- and Cleveland, are extending the beneficent
gracing the members of the Society especially, influence of the true healing art in various
and the profession generally. And as if to  localities. Battling single-handed for many
give the blow the more effect, published in  years in Winfield, he now has seven assoall the county papers their action, that all ciates fraternally working with him  in that
might shun a man who-willing for the sake  town to relieve the sick by the same gentle,
of humanity, to break through the trammels yet potent means.
of an uncertain system  of medication, of    He has two sons in active practice-Orson
whose efficiency even its wisest practitioners  B. Spencer, a graduate of the Cleveland
have doubted, and which already the most Homceopathic Medical College of I867, of
intelligent classes in every community have  Kankakee, Illinois, and Herbert S. Spencer,
condemned-had dared to profess himself a  a graduate of I870, of the New York Horndisciple of Hahnemann and an adherent of  ceopathic Medical College, of West Winfield,
his hated system.  Possessed of an intrepid  Herkimer county, N. Y. — both, like the
soul, he answered the summons, ably defend- father, strong in the faith of the power of the
ing himself and the system of which he had  infinitesimal dose. He is a member of the
become an adherent, and confessing to but New  York  State  Homceopathic Medical
one dereliction of duty, namely, that, having  Society, and of the Oneida County Homceoby his agreement to the By-Laws promised to  pathic Medical Society, with the latter of
make progress in the healing art, and report which he joined on his expulsion from the
to the Society, he had failed in not having  Allopathic Society twenty-five years ago, and
long since told them of his success through  of which he is also the President.
the application of his newly-acquired knowledge, and urged upon them the adoption as
their motto the law enunciated by Hahne-            ULLGRAFF, OTTO, M. D., of
mann: " SiJnilia simnilibus czurantur."               New York city, was born in BerThe Society, passing first a resolution to  4       lin, Prussia, August I5th, I8I9.
hold a secret session, and to keep secret their       His birth occurred at the General
action, proceeded to resolve to withdraw their Hospital in Berlin, his father being Inspectorrecognition of him as a physician, and to re-  General of that and other hospitals.  His
fuse to counsel with him  or in any way to  father's meritorious services during the war
admit him to be worthy of their regard or the  of I813-'I5, and subsequently, were rewarded
esteem of the community, of which they de- by King Frederick William  IV. with the
sired to be the autocrats. Disregarding the  order of knighthood of the insignia of the
assertion of some professional friends, that in  " Red Eagle."  About I843 he was transtwo years the cause of homceopathy would be ferred to the hospital in Munster, Westphalia,
dead and soon forgotten, and convinced of  and six years later, in I833, to Minden-a
the correctness of his position, he resolved-  fortification on the Porta Westphalia-as
and for him to resolve was to act-to advo-  Senior Inspector-General of Hospitals and
cate openly and plainly the principles for Military Buildings, always, however, residing
which he had been ostracised, and to practise  in one of the hospitals.



-~~~~~~~~' ME  






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             165
Dr. Fiillgraff received his general education with his new profession, in which his success
at the Gymnasia of Munster and Minden, has been all that he could desire.
and studied medicine, in general, and music    The Bond Street Dispensary has proved a
specially, at the several hospitals of which at decided success. It is now in the nineteenth
the time he was a resident.  Entering the  year of its existence, and has been liberal
Prussian military service in I837, he remained  beyond its means in the bestowal of its benein it until I842, and then sailing for America, ficence. One-fourth of a million of cases have
landed in New York city Octobere Ist, I842, been attended to at the Dispensary; nearly
where he located himself permanently. From  eighty thousand out-door visits paid, and
the date of his arrival until the middle of  nearly seven hundred thousand prescriptions
1849, he was chiefly occupied with orchestra  given out. To use the language of the iVezw
music and with giving music lessons. Elected  York Underwriter.
in i843 an active member of the New York    "These figures may signify little to the
Philharmonic Society, to perform on various  casual reader; but the imagination-its vision
instruments with which he was familiar, he  quickened by a tender, generous sympathywas a member of the then celebrated " test sees over the wide vista of these years, how
quartette, quintette," etc., in which virtuosi many sorrows soothed, how many meritorious
were tried on classical music at first sight-  suffering poor afflicted, healed or relieved!
performers such as Henry Herr, Ole Bull,   "In the supervision of Dr. Fiillgraff, a
Vincent Wallace and others being members. physician of eminent attainments in the best
He was also busily engaged in giving lessons school of medical learning, an extensive perin vocal and instrumental music, and in com- sonal practice, and specially endowed by
posing music.                              nature with that generous, prompt sympathy
In 1849, Dr. E. E. Marcy advising him to  with suffering, as well as kindly courtesy of
commence the study of medicine, or rather to  manner, which in itself is potent medicine to
resume that of his earlier days, he became his the afflicted, the public have every necessary
student, and subsequently entered the Uni- assurance that the Bond street institution will
versity Medical College in New York. There  continue to be one of the most important and
he was a pupil in surgery of Dr. Valentine  useful dispensaries in the city."
Mott, the celebrated American surgeon, and    Dr. Fillgraff has devoted a large amount
received from  him  his private diploma in  of attention to the clinical treatment of the
surgery. For two years he was prescriber at throat and nasal catarrh, and uterine diseases.
the University Female Clinic of his (now  His experiments in the departments of his
deceased) friend and preceptor, Professor practice, and his great success in it, have atGunning S. Bedford; attended two courses tracted a very marked attention from scientific
of lectures, with vivisections, under Dr. men, who have yielded to him and his system
Brown Sequard; attended the lectures at the  their unqualified approval. The New York
College of Physicians and Surgeons-then in  Homte 7ournza and the 2New York Dispatch
Crosby street —delivered by Dr. Marshall have both noticed with strong endorsement
Hall, on "reflex action;" attended at the  his efforts and success.
New York and Bellevue Hospitals, and graduated at the University Medical College in
I852. Until I857 he was with Dr. E. E.
Marcy as his assistant, establishing on Janu-       RYANT, Z. A., M. D., of Waverly,
ary 25th, 1855, the Bond Street Homceopathic          Bremer county, Iowa, was born
Dispensary. His absorption in medical stud-           at Montrose, Susquehanna county,
ies led to his entire abandonment of. music,          Pa., July 29th, I8I I.
excepting in private; and he devoted all his    When he was but an infant, his parents retime and energies to a perfect acquaintance  moved to Rochester, N. Y.



166                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
His early educational advantages were  when he had but just attained his seventeenth
very limited, but being of an inquiring mind, year. He attended medical lectures at the
every opportunity afforded was embraced.  Howard University in the winters of I866In I828, his attention was called to the'67-'68, pursuing faithfully his office studies
subject of medicine by the writings of Dr. in the intervals. In I869, he entered the
Thompson, and a very great interest awakened  Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelin him, respecting the healing art, which he  phia, where he graduated in I870 as M. D.
was finally led to practise.                Shortly after his graduation, Dr. Drake
In I832, having reached the age of twenty- went to Ellsworth, Me., and immediately
two, he received an injury which incapaci- opened an office as homceopathic physician,
tated him for active labor, and the eight sub- and is now in full practice. He is the youngsequent years were passed by him in teaching  est physician of any school in that county,
at a select school in Homer, Courtland county, but is rapidly acquiring an excellent reputaN. Y.                                    tion for medical knowledge and skill. He is
While at Homer, he devoted attention to  a member of the American Institute of Homthe study of theology and the languages, and, ceopathy, and of the Maine Homceopathic
in 1847, entered the ministery, in which pro- Medical Society. In I870, he married a
fession he served during fourteen years.  daughter of Henry Whiting, Esq., one of the
While devoted to the duties of his calling, most prominent merchants of Ellsworth.
he nevertheless continued his study of medicine, giving close attention to both the old
and new school practice, and through firm
conviction of the truth of Hahnemann's sys-       AVIS, FREDERICK  AUGUStem was led to adopt the practice of homc ee-       TUS  WILLIAM, M. D., of
opathy. With full faith in its efficacy, he be-     Natchez, Miss., was born  in
came a zealous practitioner of the new and      -  Washington, Mason county, Ky.,
beneficent school. In I863, he established  in the year I802. His father was a native of
himself as physician and surgeon at Waverly, Pennsylvania and his mother of New Jersey;
Bremer county, Iowa, where he has built up  they emigrated to Washington in I784. Both
an extensive practice, and has gained general his grandfathers served in the revolutionary
respect and confidence.                   army. He enjoyed superior educational advantages in Washington and Augusta, Ky.
Having completed his general education, he
entered upon a course of study of medicine
RAKE, OLIN MILTON, M. D., under competent direction in Augusta. At
of Ellsworth, Me., was born in  its termination he became a student of Tranthe town of Effingham, Carroll sylvania University, Lexington, Ky., from
county, N. H., April 26th, I847. which, after complying with the usual condiIn his boyhood he had the benefit of such  tions of study, he graduated with distinction
education as the public schools of Effingham  in the spring of 1824. Immediately after
could supply, and he availed himself of every graduating he commenced the active duties
facility within his reach to aid in his prepara- of his profession in Augusta, continuing in
tion for a collegiate course. His attention  that place for nine years. In the winter of
was early directed to the homceopathic theory  I833 he concluded to go South, and he
of medicine, and he soon decided to make it located at Natchez on May 3d of that year.
his profession. Abandoning his plans for a Here he met with even greater success than
collegiate course, he entered the office of Dr. in Augusta, soon drawing around himself a
0. S. Sanders, a distinguished homceopathic  large and influential circle of patronage.
physician of Boston.  This was in x864,   But the longer he practised the more skep



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           t67
tical he became, until eventually all faith in  Therapeutic College of the same place. Dr.
medicine, so far as he knew it, was lost. Gulby, desiring to extend the Hydropathic
Too honest to continue to practise according to  System, went west, where he opened and
principles, the soundness of which he could  conducted successfully water cures, in Michinot endorse, he abandoned his practice, left gan, Indiana, Illinois,Wisconsin, and Chicago.
Natchez, and proceeded to Cincinnati for the    Eager to avail himself of every possible
purpose of spending the summer of I846. aid in the practice of his profession, Dr.
Having nothing with which to occupy him- Gulby was led to investigate the principles
self, curiosity suggested an investigation into  and philosophy of homceopathy.  Finding
the claims of homceopathy.  From Dr. Pulte  the system of " Sirnilia similibus cusronlur" a
he borrowed some works on the new system, scientific truth, he commenced its practice,
and sat down to a careful study of their con- and has never wearied in disseminating its
tents. Following up his reading with experi- doctrines.
ments he became satisfied of the truth of    Dr. Gulby matriculated at Hahnemann
homceopathic principles. Thereupon he re- Medical College, Chicago. He is a member
turned to Natchez, publicly announced his of the Illinois State Homcoeopathic Medical
conversion, and at once commenced the new  Association. He is an ardent student of the
practice. At first he encountered, as was to  system, an earnest practitioner, and indefatibe expected, some opposition from his former gable in searching means to advance the
associates, but this he gradually overcame, cause. In Illinois he found many bitter opwhile his success in the new practice soon  ponents, but he has removed prejudices, and
secured him  a large list of patients. Not- made many converts.  He has a large and
withstanding his advanced age he still de- growing practice, which he conducts with
votes himself to the relief of suffering hu- the most untiring energy, and by his kindmanity, and his long and varied experience  ness and promptitude in obeying the sumcauses his advice to be eagerly sought by  mons of the sick, he has secured a large
younger practitioners.                     circle of warm fiiends.
ULBY, JOHN BOTH, M. D., of                 OWLE, ORRIN, M. D., of Mos..
Geneva, Ill., was born at Clifton,         cow, Mich., was born in Cale.
Bristol, England, October 20oth,           donia, Livingston county, N. Y.
_   I8I6.  He is, on his mother's          on December 2oth, i83I. He is
side, great-grandson  of Lord  Both, and  the second son of Benjamin and Caroline
nephew of Dr. J. M. Gulby, of Malvern, Fowle, who moved to Moscow, Hillsdale
England. Dr. Gulby's education commenced  county, Mich., in June, I833, where they
in his native city, under his parents' super- now reside, on the land bought from  the
vision, but owing to reverses of fortune, in- Government, improved and successfully manvolving an entire loss of property, he w.as aged by them. The elements of his educathrown, at an early age, on his own resources. tion he received in a district school. Thirsting
Making choice of medicine as his profession, for more knowledge than was to be obtained
he entered upon the study at Bristol, and through that medium, and receiving encourcontinued it in London and other cities.   agement from his parents, he, at the age of
In I847, he emigrated to America, and  fifteen, took his satchel in hand and started
placing himself under the instruction of Dr. on foot for.the Michigan Central College, at
Nichols, he graduated in I850, in the first Spring Arbor, Jackson county, where he reHydropathic College in New York.  At a mained almost uninterruptedlyfor four years.
later date he graduated from the Hygienic  Being an assiduous student, he gained a



i68                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPTEDIA  OF
good mastery of the ordinary branches of tion, prepared himself to teach a country
education, and a considerable insight into  school. He spent the intervening time until
chemistry, anatomy, physiology, natural philh twenty-four years of age, alternately teaching
osophy, astronomy, and algebra; one year he  in the winter and laboring in the summer.
included Latin in his course, and one term  He now entered the New York Central Colhe studied  Greek.  Returning home he  lege-a Manual Labor Literary Institute-at
worked, after his majority, upon the parental McGrawville, N. Y. Here he spent three
farm  for a while, and taught school for a years of faithful, laborious study in preparanumber of years.                           tion for future usefulness, and was regarded
While engaged in teaching he became ac- as an excellent student. While here, he bequainted with Professor B. L. Hill, of the  came acquainted with Miss Hattie L. Niles,
Cleveland  Hommcopathic  College, under of Amber, N. Y., whom, on October 20th,
whose directions, having for some years had  I858, he married.
an inclination toward the medical profession,   In I856, he began the study of medicine
he studied medicine for about two years and  with Dr. Brown, of Homer, N. Y., and ata half. Then he entered the Cleveland Col- tended college, at Cleveland, Ohio, I857-'58,
lege, in I857, and making good use of his graduating with honor in the spring of I859.
opportunities, graduated with much credit in  These years of labor and study prepared him
1859.                                     for successful work in tis profession.  ImAfter graduating, he returned to Moscow, mediately on graduating he sought a field
and has been more or less closely engaged in  of labor in the young and enterprising city
his profession ever since.  His talents, strict of East Saginaw, Mich., where he is now in
attention to even the smallest details of his active and successful practice.
cases, the success that has attended his minis-    He has held the office of city physician for
trations, and many amiable characteristics  five years, and was United States Pension
have conduced to placing him in possession  Surgeon for the same length of time. He is
of a flourishing practice, and a widely ex- now forty-four years of age,-not robust, but
tended circle of warm friends.            in good health. Dr. Farnsworth was the
Having large proprietary interests, being. first to introduce homceopathy into the secthe owner of valuable farm and mill property  tion of the State where he resides.  He was
in the neighborhood, he is much attached to  not at first cordially received, but his pleasMoscow, and contemplates making it his  ing address and agreeable manners soon won
permanent home.                            many friends; and his skilful treatment of
In political faith, Dr. Fowle is a Republi- disease, together with the beauties of the
can, and he has consistently supported that new practice, early gave him a remunerative
party, but he is no politician in the ordinary  field of labor.  He has, for many years,
acceptation of the term, and aspires to no  proved the most successful practitioner in the
office.                                    place. Giving all his energy to the work, he
_  M-. _           became a benefactor to the community.  His
labors are very thoroughly appreciated. Few
ARNSWORTH, ARPHAX, M. men have as many or as warm friends. In
D., of East Saginaw, Michigan, his business relations, Dr. Farnsworth  is
son of Deacon Asa Farnsworth, faithful, upright and honorable.  Sterling inwas born January 25th, I829, in  tegrity forms the basis of his character.
Lewis, Essex county, N. Y.  He labored on  Liberality marks his judgment of the characa farm until nineteen years of age, attending  ter, motive, and actions of others, and charthe district school during the winter season. acterizes his opinions upon all subjects. The
He now  found means to attend a select poor bless his bounty, and the unfortunate
academy, and by a few months' close atten- find in him a friend. Too liberal in expendi



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I69
ture to amass a fortune, he has, nevertheless, strength and facilitate its further recognition.
secured a competency. Fortunate in mar- In  I86I, Dr. Thayer was appointed surriage, happy in his domestic relations, —his geon of the 2d Missouri Cavalry (Merrill
noble wife fully sympathizing with him  in  Horse), and subsequently he received the apthe labors, difficulties, and trials of a wide pointment of Brigade Surgeon and Medical
and varied practice,-he is still content to live  Director of a Military District.  In consea life of usefulness in healing the sick and  quence of disease, contracted on the field, he
assisting the afflicted.                   was compelled to resign his position in the
army late in I863, and has since been practising in the city of Battle Creek, Mich.,
and he is at present President of the State
HAYER, S. B., M. D., of Battle  Medical Society.
Creek, Michigan, was born at   Dr. Thayer was one of the earliest and
Canadaigua, N. Y., February I2th  most persistent anti-slavery men; never ceas1815.                          ing in his opposition until Abraham  Lincoln
He received  his medical education at set the black man free. He voted for all the
Geneva, N. Y., and graduated  from  the  most liberal candidates for office, and in
medical department of the Western Reserve 1854 he assisted in the organization of the
College, Ohio, in the year I842; after Republican party in Michigan.  In s86o, he
which he practised in the county of Kalama- supported Abraham Lincoln, and in 1872, he
zoo, Mich., until I846, when his attention  worked as enthusiastically for the election of
was called to the homoeopathic system, by the  Horace Greeley. He was the candidate of
late venerable Dr. E. A. Atlee, of Philadel- the Liberal Republican party for State Senphia. After testing homceopathy at the bed- ator, and though  not elected, received a
side of his patients under the instruction of  larger vote than any other candidate on the
his late venerable colleague for more than a ticket.
year, he became thoroughly convinced of the    In private life, Dr. Thayer enjoys the regreat merit of the new system; and, remov- spect of all classes, and has a large and sucing soon after to Detroit, he, in connection  cessful practice.
with Dr. John Ellis, began in earnest the life              ---
of a medical pioneer.  In the long-continued
efforts of the friends of homceopathy to se-       ICARDO, NORTON C LEV Ecure recognition in the medical department            LAND, M. D., of Passaic, N. J.,
of the University of Michigan, Dr. Thayer            was born in New York city, on
has been most conspicuous; first, in securing         the 23d day of September, 1847.
the enactment of laws to that end, and sec- He is the son of the late George Ricardo,
ond, in his efforts for their enforcement.  well-known  as the  manufacturer of the
He a second time appeared before the  "'Excelsior Poudrette," on Staten Island.
Legislature of the State. On this occasion, He received his literary education at the
with a bill for the appointment and in- Western Military Academy in Connecticut,
stallation of two professors of the homce- under the principalship of A. S. Garvis, gradopathic school, one of Theory and Practice, uatingfrom that institution in I863. He afterand one of Materia Medica, in the medical wards turned his attention to the study of
department of the State University, which  medicine, and after pursuing a full course in
passed both Houses, and became a law. the New York Homoeopathic Medical ColThus ended a contest of more than twenty- lege, graduated as a homceopathic physician,
five years duration; and the recognition of  on the Ist day of March, I869. In April,
homceopathy in the first university on this  I868, he was married to Miss A. Lavinia,
Continent will, it is to be hoped, add to its the eldest daughter of James Berdan, of



I70                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
Hackensack, N. J. Shortly after receiving  and has practised according to its principles,
his degree of doctor of medicine, he settled  to the present time.
in English  Neighborhood, now  Fairview,   In I857, he removed to Conway, Franklin
on the Northern Railroad of New Jersey, en- county, Mass., where he now resides.  In
tering at once upon a large country practice, I862, he was appointed to the office of Inspectbut in the fall of that year, chose Passaic, N. ing Surgeon by Dr. William  J. Dale, SurJ., as his permanent home. He ishere enjoy- geon General of Massachusetts.  His duty
ing a good and remunerative practice.     in that position was to inspect the physical
condition of the recruits raised in Conway
and other places, and to report upon the
same. It was an office which demanded
INING, DAVID  TAYLOR, M. acuteness and discrimination, as many would
D., of Conway, Mass., was born, feign infirmities, in order to escape the serOctober Igth, I821, in Hawley, vice, etc., but he filled the difficult position
Franklin county, Mass.         with the energy, faithfulness, and success he
IHe received his early education in the  has shown in the several characters of teacher,
common schools of his native town, and legislator and physician.
afterward attended the Franklin Academy,
at Shelburne Falls, Mass. After leaving the
academy, he was engaged in teaching, in             HEPARD, SAMUEL W., M. D.,
Morris and Hanover townships, New Jersey,             of Troy, Pa., was born in New
for three years. At the end of that time, be          Berlin, Chenango county, N. Y.,
returned to his native State and entered the          on September 24th, I8I8.  His
office of Dr. Horace Jacobs, in Springfield, father was of the New  England Puritan
Mass. Dr. Jacobs was at that time a very  stock, whose ancestry is traced back to I604,
eminent physician of the eclectic school.  in England. Among them were several inDr. Vining attended the course of lectures  dependent ministers, who came to the New
of 1845-'46, at the Jefferson Medical College, World to avoid persecution by the established
in Philadelphia, and afterwards graduated at church. His mother was of German descent.
the Eclectic Medical College, in the same  When he was about one year old his parents
city; commencing the practice of medicine in  removed to Pittsfield, Massachusetts; at nine
Ware Village, Hampshire county, Mass., ac- years old he was taken by his brother to
cording to the principles laid down by that Canton, Bradford county, Pa. There he reschool.                                    mained, working on farms during the sumIn 1849, he married Miss Emily H. Sears, mer and attending common schools in the
daughter of the late Jonathan F. Sears, Esq., winter, until May, 1834, when, being unusuof Greenwich, Hampshire county, Mass., and  ally mature for his age, strong and self-reliduring the same year, removed to Dana, ant, he started for the west, visiting ChiWorcester county, Mass., where he resided  cago and portions of Iowa; going down the
and practised six or seven years, winning the  Illinois river to St. Louis, he was seized
esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens, with chills and fever, and on arrival there
as they showed by choosing him for their was treated by Dr. Campbell. On recovery,
representative to the Massachusetts Legisla- by that physician's advice he entered the
ture, in I855.                             drug store of Mr. Atwood. After a while
His attention having been called to the business required his return home, but he
merits of homceopathy, in I856, he began to  visited several cities on the way, taking a
investigate its claims, and becoming con- trip even as far as New Orleans by steamvinced of the superiority of that system of  boat. He reached home on January Ist.,
medical practice to every other, he adopted it, I837. He married on September 2d, 1838,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I71
in the township of Granville, in which vicin-   In politics he was always a consistent
ity he has lived ever since. Having main- Democrat, until the separation between the
tained and increased the medical knowledge  pro-slavery men and the free-soilers, at which
gained in St. Louis, and keeping always a time he was a nominee for the House of
good supply of allopathic medicines, he pre- Representatives, for Bradford county, Penna.
scribed for all who applied for his services. The Democratic ticket was defeated by the
About that time there were frequent epidem- union of the free-soilers with the Whigs, and
ics, such as scarlatina, dysentery, typhoid  since then he has taken no part in politics,
fever, etc., the only treatment of which was and seldom  exercises his franchise. Before
allopathic.  The mortality was very great, then he was once elected an Auditor of Bradand so shook his faith in the " old school,"  ford county, and once a Justice of the Peace.
that he gladly took up the study of homceo- He is greatly averse to litigation, and has
pathy, on his attention being called to it by  never had but one suit in court.
his brother, Dr. Silas E. Shepard, a convert
from allopathy. From  that time until now,
some twenty-five years, he has practised
according to the homceopathic doctrines, and       UCKER, HENRY, M. D., of
with marked success, curing especially almost         Claremont, N. H., was born in
every case of hydrocephalus, consumption              Guilford, Belknap county, N. H.,
and typhoid fever coming under his care, as           on the Ist of May, I843.  He is
well as a few cases of cancer.             the son of Alvah Tucker, one of the earliest
In 1850, Theodore L. Pratt, of Canton, a  cotton manufacturers in New  Hampshire.
school teacher, a consumptive, whose case  His early advantages for a literary education
had been pronounced incurable by the "old  were good. He passed through a course of
school" physicians, came to him for treat- instruction at Guilford Academy, Meredith
ment, not believing  in homceopathy, but Bridge (now  Laconia), and the Pittsfield
being willing to give it a trial. He was Academy, Pittsfield, N. H. Pursuing the
treated at Dr. Shepard's house on  strict natural bent of his mind, he commenced the
homceopathic principles; was made a sound  study of medicine, on the termination of his
man again; became a convert; studied the  literary studies, with Dr. Albert Lindsay, a
system; graduated, and in his practice has homceopathic physician of Laconia, N. H.,
been enabled to win over many others to the  in the summer of I863.
cause. His own family Dr. Shepard has   In the following spring his studies were
treated for twenty-five years without once  temporarily suspended by his enlistment as a
administering an emetic or cathartic to one private in the United States signal corps. He
of the four. For several years he has been  served in this capacity on the lower Missislocated near Troy, where he has a large and  sippi, in Louisiana and Alabama, and was on
lucrative practice, and enjoys the esteem of  special duty at General Canby's headquarters
the whole community.                       at the final siege of Mobile. Receiving his
Dr. Shepard is an enthusiast in the cause  discharge in September, 1865, he left the
of homceopathy, distributes much of its litera- army and pursued his medical studies with
ture in his neighborhood, and loses no oppor- Drs. D. F. and J. C. Moore, at Lake Village,
tunity of defending it from the attacks of the  N. H. Continuing with them for four years,
allopaths.  He is especially interested  in  he attended the course of lectures of the
teaching parents how to prescribe for the  Dartmouth Medical College, and of the New
minor ailments of their children.  He uses York Homceopathic Medical College, from
from  tinctures to the six attenuations of  the latter of which he graduated on March
medicine, and sometimes the two hundred, Ist, I869. In May following he located at
but generally the low numbers.             his present place of residence, in Claremont,



172                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP/EDIA  OF
Sullivan county, N. H. He is here building  of office study, he attended lectures at the old
up a solid practice, and occupies a very im- Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylportant position, being the only exponent of  vania, and subsequently the Eclectic Medical
the law of cure in a radius of twenty miles. Institute of Cincinnati, O.  He graduated
He was married, October 25th, I870, to  with distinction in I858.
Mary Ellen, daughter of Dr. Daniel T.   On graduating he at once settled down to
Moore, of Lake Village, his former preceptor. the duties of his new profession, and has conHe holds the positions of County Physician  tinued constant in his discharge thereof,
and of Superintendent of the Public Schools. except during two years, when his health
He is a member of the American Institute of necessitated a rest and residence in the
Homceopathy, of the New Hampshire Hom- South. In I869 he was practising in Newceopathic Medical Society, and the Connec- ark, O., in partnership with Dr. H. L. Sook,
ticut Valley Homceopathic Medical Society.  with much success, when Professor R. E. W.
Adams, of Springfield, Ills., died, and he was
invited to fill his place. For awhile he hesitated, but the earnest solicitations of many of
VINCENT, JOHN  A., M. D., of  the best citizens of the place, and of members
Springfield, Ills., was born on  of the profession elsewhere, prevailed, and he
June I4th, I833, in Richmond, removed to Springfield.  In that city he has
Va. His father, a man of cul- now a. practice that is growing to almost unture, refinement and large wealth, was born  wieldy proportions, and  enjoys the high
in Paris, France, but was attracted to this  esteem of his medical brethren and of the
country by his love of republican institutions  community generally.
and the American form of government. At   Having been much sought by patients from
Philadelphia he became  acquainted with  beyond the boundaries of the city, who comMiss Rachel Beall, whom  he subsequently  plained of the difficulty of obtaining suitable
married.  When the subject of this sketch  accommodation, Dr. Vincent has just erected,
was less than twelve months old, his father at considerable expense, a handsome and
fell a victim to cholera. For a time he was commodious building, in which he proposes
given every care by his mother, and sent to  to reside and receive such patients.
the best schools in Philadelphia.  Subse-    Dr. Vincent is a member of the Illinois
quently he became an inmate of his uncle's  State Homceopathic Medical Society. He
home in New York, where he attended Maepe  was married in I856 to Kate A. Blanchard,
Academy, and  afterwards Union College, of Virginia, by whom he has had three chilfirom which he graduated with honor.       dren,
On leaving school he returned to his native
State, and commenced the study of law under
Judge Richardson. In due time he was ad-            EASE, GILES, Jr., of Boston,
mitted to the bar, and began practice with.   Mass., was born in that city on
good success and better prospects.  Hard              May 3d, I839. His father, Giles
study and too great application to business,          Pease, M. D., was then in prachowever, broke down his health. Consulting  tice in  Cambridgeport, being one of the
the late Dr. Hughes, of Richmond, ahomceo- pioneers of homeopathy in that vicinity.
pathic physician, he was advised to abandon  His early education was of a superior characthe pursuit of law as endangering his health  ter, but his subsequent preparation for a coland life, and to take up medicine, becoming  legiate course was interrupted for a few years,
a patient and student in the home of his delicate health necessitating his absence from
adviser.  He concluded to accept the offer, school.   This period, however, was not
and having passed through the usual routine  wholly unimproved.  He had early mani.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           173
fested an inclination to follow in his father's  lege. Among the homceopaths of Boston he
footsteps, and as his health permitted he  is regarded as one of the first surgeons in the
studied medicine. He attended the usual country.
course of lectures at Harvard Medical Col-   Popular alike among his professional brethlege. Early in I86I, just prior to the time  ren of either school, distinguished for urbanity
of graduating, having successfully passed the  and delicacy of refinement in the sick room,
requisite  examination, he was  appointed  possessing also in an eminent degree that
Assistant Surgeon United States Navy. He  taclus eruzudizts which marks the skilful and
continued from that time until the winter of  successful surgeon, master of a wide experI862-'63 in active service, but then sickness ience, though only entering, so to speak, upon
compelled his return home.  While in the  life, the future career of Dr. Pease cannot
navy he acquired a wide reputation as a well be other than brilliant.
skilful and careful prescriber, from his great
success in the treatment of the yellow fever,
during an epidemic of that dread scourge in
the squadron to which he was attached; the    -     ILLIAMS, CHARLES DRAPER,
therapeutics were homceopathic.  During his           M. D., of St. Paul, Minn., was
stay at home he applied for an examination            born in Newark Valley, Tioga
for his diploma, and, having passed the same          county, N. V., on May I2th, I812.
with distinguished honors, it was granted in  He was educated at the literary academy of
I863. He then obtained a transfer to the  that place until reaching sixteen, when he
army, and joined the 54th  Regiment of  removed to Fairfax county, Va., and comMassachusetts Infantry as assistant surgeon, pleted his mathematical and classical studies
subsequently becoming first medical officer under the tuition of Patrick Thomas Raney.
thereof.  The superiority of homceopathic  At the age of eighteen he entered the office
surgery was brilliantly demonstrated by him  of his uncle, Simeon Draper, M. D., and
during his service in the army, and his suc- pursued the study of medicine until I832,
cesses won for him the rank of Brigade and  when Dr. Draper fell a victim  to Asiatic
Post Surgeon, but ill health again compelled  cholera, upon its first appearance in the
his return home in the summer of I864. He  United States. Soon after he returned to his
resigned his commission, and upon restora- native place and continued to read medicine
tion to health, entered upon practice in his with John Stevens, M. D., at Ithaca, Tompnative city, where he still resides, and enjoys kins county, N. Y. In I835, he attended
a handsome income from his profession.     lectures at Fairfield Medical College, HerDr. Pease is a member of the American  kimer county, N. Y., and in due time graduInstitute of Homceopathy; also of the Massa- ated.  He commenced practice at Seneca
chusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, and  Falls, where Dr. E. Bayard, now of New
of the Boston Homoeopathic Society.  He  York, induced him to examine the claims of
was for two years Chairman of the Committee  homoeopathy about the year I840.  This
on Surgery of the State Society, prior to  examination satisfying him of the sbundness
which he invented several important surgical of the new system, he at once introduced it
instruments, some of which he has brought in his practice.  For this, then so-called
to the notice of the profession through the  heresy, he was arraigned before the legally
pages of the Medical Investzgator, of which  organized medical society of Seneca county,
he is one of the assistant editors, and to which  of which he had been several years President,
he has contributed many brilliant and valu- bound over to appear before the judges of
able papers.                              the county, and placed under penalties of
For two years he held the position of Pro- twenty dollars fine, with imprisonment in the
fessor of Anatomy in the Boston Dental Col- county jail, for every dose of exotic medicine



174                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
he prescribed. The following are the absurd  ing that homceopathic students were refused
and arbitrary charges upon which he was admittance into allopathic colleges, and there
arrested and called upon to answer:      being but one homceopathic college in the
United States —that in Philadelphia-Dr.
"Charge Ist. We solemnly charge Dr. Williams, together with Dr. J. Brainerd, Dr.
Charles D. Williams, of the village of Seneca Storm Rosa and one or two others, deterFalls, Seneca county, and State of New  mined upon establishing a college for those
York, with gross quackery, to wit: in practis- of the new faith in Cleveland. Dr. Williams
ing homceopathy.                         drew up the charter in I849, and early in
" Charge 2d. We also charge the said  I850 succeeded in getting it passed by the
Williams with gross immoral and unprofes- Legislature of Ohio. Upon the organization
sional conduct, to wit: in associating and  of the college the Trustees conferred upon
consulting with a known quack, to wit: him the Professorship of the Principles and
Edward Bayard.                           Practice of Homceopathy (Dr. Williams de"Charge 3d. We further charge the said  livering the inaugural address upon the openWilliams with gross malpractice, to wit: in  ing of the college), the duties of which
not applying a poultice to a boil on the shin  position he discharged for seven years, when,
bone of one William Wood, a gardener, as having educated professors in the school
soon by one day as should have been done.   competent to carry forward the first great
Signed,    "GARDNER WELLS, M. D. objects of the institution, he resigned. The
"AMHERST CHILDS, M. D. college now takes rank second to none in the
" B. WIRTZ, M. D."       United States. During all these years a constant warfare had been waged against homNevertheless he continued his growing  ceopathy and the college by the old school
practice, and was not prosecuted. This was physicians, Professor Delamater of Cleveland,
owing to the exertions of his old friend, Dr. and Professor Dascom of Oberlin College,
Bayard, who convened a mass meeting, being their special champions. These two
which being made acquainted with the facts, gentlemen it became Dr. Williams's duty to
passed resolutions daring allopathy to prose- meet publicly in debate. The present concute, inviting Dr. Williams to go on with the  dition of the college and of homceopathy in
new practice, and declaring that they would  Cleveland affords eloquent testimony as to
pay all fines and tear down all jails that held  the success with which he met their arguhim on that account. This state of things ments.  In 1854, he was associated with
continued for three years, when his trial came Professors J. H. Putle and H. P. Gatchel, in
on, and his prosecutors being unable to show  the editing and publishing of the A4merican
any malpractice, or any bad results from  Magcazine of Honmaopzatzy, published monthly
homceopathic treatment; while for the de- and containing forty-eight pages. About the
fence, which was led by Dr. Bayard, a strong  same time he was made honorary correscase was made out of its beneficial effects; a ponding member of the Homceopathic Medidecision was obtained that there was no cause cal Society of Paris, France. In I86I he
of action, and Dr. Williams was left free to removed to St. Paul, Minn., for the purpose
practice, while his rights in the profession  of regaining his health and of obtaining a
were restored. After residing for nine years wider field for the investigation and treatat Seneca Falls, he removed to Geneva, On- ment of chronic diseases. On arrival he
tario county, N. Y., where he made a hard  found that the storm against homceopathy,
and successful public contest with Professor which had almost subsided in the East, was
Charles A. Lee, then of the Geneva Medical raging in all its fury. To meet and subdue
College. In I846, he removed to Cleveland, it, he, with others, drew up a charter under
O., and remained there eighteen years. Find- the general incorporation act of the State,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           175
and organized the Minnesota State Homce- is a distinguished missionary in Amoy, China,
opathic Medical Institute, which has now  and the last the widely known and popular
become firmly established, and is a sure bul- pastor of the Brooklyn Tabernacle.
wark of defence against all allopathic assail-    Dr. John F. Talmage was brought up on
ants.                                      his father's farm, enjoying the best of advanFeeling now that his pioneering work, tages in an intelligent and happy home circle,
which has extended over nearly forty years, is and in the society in which his parents moved.
done, and seeing the great reform, which with  His preparatory education was begun in the
his friend, Dr. Bayard, he labored so earnestly  Academy in the village, and completed under
to advance, so safe and so nearly completed, the personal tuition of his father's pastor and
Dr. Williams justly considers himself entitled  friend, the Rev. T. XW. Chambers, D.D., of
to take life a little easier, and to leave the  New York, who at that time was settled in
further promotion of the good cause to those  Somerville.
who have not spent the vigor of life in pre-   The pupil always regarded this training as
paring its way. He has nobly earned a rest, one of the great blessings of his life, not so
and into his comparative retirement he carries much in the instruction given, as in the habits
the gratitude of all lovers of their kind.  His  of attention, thought and self-discipline which
efforts very largely conduced to the early suc- were then formed.
cess of homceopathy in central New York,   Dr. Chambers, having himself been under
and he will ever be regarded as one of the  the care of that prince of teachers, the late
foremost pioneers of the new system in the  Dr. Alexander McClelland, was able in some
West.                                      measure to reproduce the results of his unriDr. Williams was an early member of the  valled method and tact.  He, however, left
American Institute of Homceopathy.  He is New Jersey in the year I849, and the same
a fellow and corresponding member of the year, Dr. Talmage was entered at Rutgers
Homceopathic Medical College of Philadel- College, New Brunswick, N. J., and took his
phia; also member of the Minnesota State  place in the second term of the Sophomore
Homceopathic Institute, of which he has been  class.
President.                                   He acquitted himself with fidelity in the
collegiate course, and was graduated with his
class, in 1852, his diploma bearing the sigALMAGE, JOHN   FRELING- nature of Theodore Frelinghuysen, President.
HUYSEN, A.M., M.D., I55    Soon after this he travelled extensively in
Joralemon street, Brooklyn, N.Y., the Southern States, and for a time filled the
was born on a pleasant hill-side, professorship of Ancient Languages in an
called Mont Verd, near Somerville, N. J., on  Alabama college, now  extinct. At HuntsMarch IIth, I833, and was named after his ville, Ala., he became acquainted with Drs.
mother's brother-in-law, the late General John  Burritt and Gillson, physicians of the homeFrelinghuysen.                             opathic school of medicine. The former he
His father, Thomas Talmage, was one of often accompanied during his professional
twelve children of a gentleman of the same  calls among the people of the neighboring
name, all of whom reached maturity, served  cotton plantations, and had opportunity pertheir generation in various spheres, and at last sonally to observe the effects of the treatment
died in the fellowship of the Christian church. upon a great variety of maladies, both among
One of these was the Rev. Dr. Samuel K. the whites and the blacks; and he was surTalmage, President of Oglethorpe University, prised to note the number of cures effected,
Ga. Another was the father of four sons who  even in cases which had been pronounced
became ministers of the gospel, James, John, hopeless by physicians of the allopathic
Goyn, and J. De Witt, of whom the second  school, then dominant.



176                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPZEDIA  OF
He was thus led by his own observation to  only members of his graduating class, which
abandon the convictions of earlier years, and  numbered a hundred and fifty, who had passed
adhere to the school of Hahnemann.  At the  through college and held the degree of A. B.
same time there revived in his mind a purpose  The humanities of course will not make a
of devoting himself to the profession of medi- physician, but any practitioner is the better for
cine-a purpose formed soon after graduation, having studied them.
but then renounced in view of the apparent   After spending some further time in. Dr.
plethora of practitioners.                 Hull's office as pupil, Dr. Talmage became
His experience has shown what an eminent his partner, and remained in that relation for
medical man of Edinburgh has said-that how- about twelve years. For one year he acted
ever great the crowd in any particular sphere  as Physician of the Brooklyn Orphan Asylum,
of life, there is always room there for brains.  and during that time met with uniform  sucFor six months Dr. Talmage pursued his cess in treating all the epidemic and other dimedical studies with his friends in Huntsville, seases apt to prevail in such institutions.
and then coming North, attended a course of    He afterward received an appointment to
lectures in the medical department of the  the department of Diseases of Women in the
University of the City of New York. The  Brooklyn Homceopathic Dispensary, but in
next summer, through the kindness of a con- the course of a year was compelled to resign
nection by marriage, the Hon. Samuel Sloan, it in consequence of the growing demands of
President of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and  his large private practice. For the same
Western Railroad Company, he was intro- reason he has been obliged to decline all
duced to the late Dr. A. Cooke Hull, of Brook- active service in any of the medical charities
lyn, N.Y., who received him into his office as a of the city, but, however, is one of the constudent. This was a very great advantage. Dr. suiting physicians in the Gates Avenue DisHull was the most distinguished physician of pensary.
the new school of scientific medicine in Brook-    At the time of the last visitation of Asiatic
lyn, and had a larger practice than any other cholera in this country, in I866, early in the
of any school.                             spring he issued a printed circular, containing
He was also a man of extensive and varied  hints and suggestions for his patients. Though
culture, of enlarged public spirit, of great re- intended only for private circulation, it soon
finement of manners, and adorned with many  came to the knowledge of others, and so adsocial virtues; and hence of much weight and  mirably did it meet a great pressing emerinfluence in the community.  He was, if not gency, that various public journals, such as
the originator, one of the prime movers and  the Unioln and Eagle of Brooklyn, the New
most efficient helpers in the establishment of  York Tribune, the Springfield Republican remany of Brooklyn's best institutions. Among  produced it at length, with emphatic comthese are the Athenaeum, the Philharmonic  mendation of its form and matter.
Society, the Art Association, the Academy of    This wide diffusion enabled it to perform a
Music, the Historical Society, the Brooklyn  good work throughout a large portion of the
Club, etc.                                 country.  Dr. Talmage's contributions to the
Pursuing his studies with such eminent aid, literature of the Hahnemannic school have
Dr. Talmage made rapid progress, and, in the  been scanty, and have been given to the proyear I859, received his graduating diploma  fession generally in the form of clinical obserfrom the University Medical College, in which  vations.
at that time the eminent Dr. Valentine Mott   After the death of Dr. Hull, Dr. Talmage
was Emeritus Professor of Surgery. It is a naturally succeeded to the larger portion of
singular illustration of the haste with which  his practice, which, added to his own, occumen hurry into the profession, that Dr. Tal- pied every moment of his time. Indeed so
mage and some five or six others were the  great became the pressure that, in I870, he



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              177
found it necessary to seek aid, lest the strain  father was a shoemaker, and, dying young,
upon his physical endtlrance should become  left his family nothing.  Until his mother
too severe.  I-e accordingly associated with  could accumulate means sufficient to take the
himself his brother, Dr. Samuel Talmage, who  boys East, her home being in Pennsylvania,
like himself was a graduate of the Medical the subject of this sketch was sent to live with
College of the New York University, and  strangers, and found a kind protector. In the
also a very successful practitioner.       spring of I840, his mother started East with
In I863, Dr. Talmage gave pledges to for- himself and his brother, and in twelve weeks,
tune by taking to himself a wife. He was which was the best time they could make, armarried to Miss Maggie A. Hunt, a lady of rived at Binghamton. Their journey was full
great personal and  social attractions, the  of adventures.  Taking passage at St. Joe on
youngest daughter of Thomas Hunt, Esq., a schooner, they made the trip around by the
widely known as one of the merchant princes  Lakes until they came to St. Catherines on
of New York. They are happy in the pos- the Welland canal, when a "jam" compelled
session of three children, the oldest of whom  them to adopt another route. Driving over
is a daughter, the others sons.            to Queenstown, they crossed the Niagara river
As the doctor's practice lies chiefly among  in a small boat at night, nearly losing their
tile most cultivated and refined families of the  lives through the drunkenness of the boatbeautiful city in which he lives, he enjoys an  man. On discovering the man's condition,
enviable social position, and  a constantly  Mrs. Wood knocked him over into the bottom
growing appreciation of his professional ability  of the boat, and, seizing the oars, reached the
and skill. The secret of his large and rapid  American shore in safety. After staying in
success in life lies in his acumen in diagnosis, Binghamton for two weeks with her husband's
prognosis, and therapeutics, his unremitting  relations, Mrs. Wood with her boys proceeded
attention, his soundness of judgment, his fide- to her native place, Montrose, Pa. In Nolity to truth and honor, and his unfeigned  vembher of that year, the subject of this sketch
sympathy with suffering and sorrow. These  went to live with an uncle, a farmer, eighteen
qualities win confidence and command respect. miles out of the town, and from that time unDr. Talmage has recently been appointed  til her death, in March, I869, he never saw
Surgeon of the Ilth Brigade National Guards, his mother but once a year. IHle was a farState of New York, Brigade General J. V. mer's boy with his uncle for seven years,
Meserole  commanding, Lieutenant-Colonel working for his board and clothes. Spending
William Bunker, Assistant Adjutant-General, the winter of 1847 in Montrose, he, in the enChief of Staff. Still in the prime of a vigo- suing March, apprenticed himself for three
rous manhood, he has the prospect of filling  years to learn carpentering at $25, $35, and
the role of " the beloved physician " for many  $50 per annum with board. At the end of
years to come. All who know him pray that the term, he had $40 coming to him, and the
that prospect may be fulfilled. This sketch is following day engaged with his employer for
kindly written by Rev. Talbot W. Chambers, $20 a month and board. Up to the time of
D.D., of New York.                         his apprenticeship he had received no instruction except during three months each wvinter
in country schools, but he thirsted for knowOOD, ORLANDO SCOTT, M.D., ledge, and resolved to enter some educational
of Omaha, Neb., was born in  institution as soon as he could save a little
Binghamton, N. Y., on January  money. Working steadily until December,
27th, 1832, being the elder of  I85I, he fitted himself out with a little extra
two brothers. In the spring of I836, his pa- clothing, a kit of tools, and with $75 in his
rents removed to Berrien Springs, Mich., pocket-all he was worth in the world, withwhere his father died in October, 1838. His out a home or any one to back him-he
12



I78                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP.IEDIA  OF
started for the University of Lewisburg, Pa., ceived an offer from Dr. R. R. Gregg, of
then  presided  over by Howard Malcolm, Canandaigua, N. Y., to take his practice, his
D.D., now of Philadelphia.  He entered the  health compelling him to seek another cliacademical department, and, keeping his mate. Terms being agreed upon, Dr. Wood
means up as well as he could by working at started for Canandaigua on the day Fort Sumhis trade on Saturdays and during vacations, ter was fired into, and, paying $300 for the
continued on until the close of his junior col- good will, took possession of the practice on
legiate year. Then through the lowness of  May 3rd; kept it for over five years, then
his funds he undertook to work during the  contracting catarrhal disorder was compelled
summer term, keep up with his class and  to make a change, sacrificing a practice that
enter again with it at the commencement of paid $5000 during the last year and $4500
the fall term. As a result before the summer during that previous.  He transferred to Dr.
was gone he was taken with fever, and his Voke in May, I866; from  the proceeds of
expenses increased so much that he was com- this practice he paid off every cent of his inpelled for the time to abandon his college  debtedness, and brought away $iooo in cash,
scheme. In October, I856, he removed to  and about $1300 in personal property.  For
West Chester, Pa., where his friend Rev. some time he located in Philadelphia, and
Robert Lowry, now Professor at Lewisburg  in addition to practising attended, in the
University, procured him a situation as clerk  winter of I867-'68, the first course of lecin a book store.  Here he hoped to save  tures at the Hah nemann Medical College,
money to finish his Lewisburg course, but was  where he again graduated in March, I868.
disappointed, and finally gave up the project. In the following June, he started for Omaha,
In the spring of I857, he commenced study- stopping at Lewisburg, and marrying his secing homceopathy, having no money, but mak- ond wife, having lost his first at Canandaigua.
ing good use of the friends he had gained in  On July ioth, h-le opened his office in Omaha,
West Chester and Philadelphia, with whom  and although he found two homceopathic phyhe arranged for his boarding and clothing ex- sicians settled there, he experienced no troublle
penses while studying in West Chester, and  in securing a good practice, converting many
attending lectures at the Pennsylvania Ho- to homeopathy.  In November, 1872, his
mceopathic Medical College. Knowing that business had so increased that he took Dr.
he would require $Ioo for graduating pur- E. F. Hoyt as partner.
poses and to get medicines for commencing    Dr. Wood is eminently a self-made man,
practice with, he had arranged to borrow it and has fought his way up to a high position
of a Philadelphia friend on or before February  in a learned profession in the face of obstacles
Ist, I86o. Two months previously this fiiend  that would have kept down any less deterinformed him that he could not accommodate  mined man. During his Lewisburg and mehim, and seeing no way of getting the $30  dical student's life, he saw some very dark
that must accompany his thesis, he seriously  days, being for weeks at a time, on more octhought of giving up all idea of graduating. casions than  one, unable to raise money
A fellow-student, afterward Dr. Ira R. Adams  enough to pay postage on a letter, or the calrof Lowville, noticed his melancholy and, draw- rier two cents for delivering one.
ing from him the cause, borrowed the money    He takes no active part in politics, and seeks
for him, proving himself a friend indeed. no public positions of any kind. While at
After graduating, Dr. Wood settled in Phce- Canandaigua, he was instrumental in the ornixville, Pa., on April Ist, I86o; was married  ganization of the Ontario and Yates County
on I2th of the same month. He began prac- Homceopathic Society, of which he was Setice $I5oo   in debt, principally incurred for cretary until he left the town. He represented
educational purposes, the balance for profes- it one term in the State Medical Society at
sional outfit. In the following March, he re- Albany.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PIIYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                             175
ORCESTER, SAMUEL  H., M. duties of the ministry, and removed to GlouD., of Salem, Mass., was born in  cester, where he soon acquired a large pracGloucester, Mass., on February  tice.  In the spring of I868, he went to
I6th, 1824.  For several genera-  Salem, installing as his successor, at Gloutions, Gloucester had been the home of his  cester, Dr. Thomas Conant, an arrangement
maternal ancestors.  His mother is a daugh- eminently in accordance with "the eternal
ter of Fitz William Sargent, and a niece of  fitness of things," the gentleman being a
Winthrop Sargent, the first governor of the  direct descendant of Roger Conant, of earliMississippi Territory.   His  father, Rev. est Cape Ann memory.  At Salem, Dr. WorSamuel Worcester, afterward of Bridgewater, cester succeeded Dr. E. B. de Gersdorff in
Mass., was the author of many useful school- an extensive practice.
books and other works; he was the son    In I844, Dr. Worcester was married to
of Noah Worcester, D.D., known as the  Jane Ames Washburn, of Bridgewater, by
" Friend of Peace," and a cousin of the  whom he had six children, four of whom are
Lexicographer.  The subject of this sketch  living.  In I855, he was married to Elizastudied at Bridgewater, and afterwards at beth A. Scott, of Baltimore, who has borne
Brown University, Providence.  In I837, he  him  eight children, five of whom  survive.
obtained a practical knowledge of the value  Of these children, one, Dr. Samuel Worcesof homceopathy.  He had been for many  ter, is practising in Burlington, Vt., and anmonths suffering from a scrofulous affection  other, Fitz William S. Worcester, is a student
of the eyes, and  the eminent physician, in Harvard Medical School.
Dr. John C. Warren, of Boston, having
declared that it must permanently unfit him
for study, he was placed under the care of
Dr. Gram, of New York, a homeopath, by               ENTWORTH, WALTER H., M.
whom he was very soon cured, and enabled                D., of Pittsfield, Mass., was born
to enter college.  For several years of his            in Stockbridge, Berkshire county,
youth and early manhood, he was engaged                 Mass., March  Iith, I84I.  He
as a teacher, being for a time the preceptor received a full academic course of education,
of Framingham Academy, one of the oldest at the academy of his native town, during
incorporated schools in Massachusetts.  In  which he exhibited his personal appreciation
August, I85T, he was ordained a minister of  of the value of his time as a student.  From
the New Jerusalem church (Swedenborgian), early life, he had an intense desire to enter
and was settled in Baltimore, Md.  Finding  the United States Military Academy, but
it necessary to follow a secular calling for yielded to the wishes of his father, to study
the support of his family, he continued in the  medicine, hoping that an opportunity might
University of Maryland a course of medical present itself in after years, to enter the army
study begun several years earlier, and in due  or navy, as a staff officer, if he should then
time began to combine the duties of a physi-  desire to do so.
cian with those of a clergyman.  Gradually    Immediately after the close of his acathe former intrenched upon the latter to a  demic course, he placed himself under the
degree inconsistent with his ideas of the re- instructions of a private tutor, eminent for
sponsibility of a clergyman in a great city, his scholarly qualifications, that his preparaand being averse to abandoning clerical work  tion for his medical studies might be complete.
altogether, in I86o, he removed to Gardiner, In I858, he commenced the study of mediMe., where he preached  and practised for cine with Dr. W. H. Barnes, a homceopathic
eighteen months.  In I86I, upon receiving  practitioner of most excellent reputation at
his degree from  the Homoeopathic College  Chatham, N. Y., and with whom  he made
of New York, he retired from  the active  full preparation  for his collegiate course.



I80                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP]EDIA  OF
He matriculated at the New York College  of the war he retired from it.  His acquaintof Physicians and Surgeons, and from which  ance with superior officers, more than aught
he graduated, March IIth, I863.             else, secured him  his appointment on the
Directly after his -graduation, he received  hospital staff.
an appointment by the United States Government, as Assistant Surgeon in the Navy Department, and was immediately ordered to             RATT, WILLIAM   MADISON,
New Orleans, but before he reached there,               M. D., of New York, was born
in obedience to orders, the vessel, to which      -1 at Fabius, Onondaga county, N.
he had been assigned, was utterly destroyed.            Y., on July 4th, I83I.  He was
A call had already been made on the navy, raised on a farm, to which circumstance he
by the Army Department, for medical assis-  attributes the constitution which has enabled
tance, and Dr. Wentworth was immediately  him  to endure, without injury to his health,
sent to Baton Rouge, La., where he was the arduous duties and severe exposures inciplaced in charge of the "Harney House  dent to the life of a physician.  He received
Hospital."   Here  he remained till some  a sound, even liberal education, partly at
time after the fall of Port Hudson, unremit-  Pompey Academy, New York, and partly at
tingly employed in the  discharge of the  the Eclectic Institute, Hiram, O.  He began
duties of his position, and from which he  life by teaching in the public schools in cenreaped the advantage of a desirable experi- tral New York, for three years, after which,
ence.  The remainder of his time spent in  in I854, he entered the office of Dr. Lewis
the service, was chiefly in hospital treatment. McCarty, of Throopsville, Cayuga county, N.
He received his honorable discharge in the  Y. With that physician he remained for
latter part of the year 1865.  He immedi-  three years, acquiring a valuable insight into
ately commenced the practice of homoeopa-  the theory and practice of medicine, and givthy, in Lenox, Mass., where he remained but ing promise of future excellence in his chosen
a brief time; for in the spring of I866, he  profession.  He removed to New York city,
was called to occupy the field made vacant in I857, and continued his studies in the
by the death of Dr. Gifford, in the adjoining  office of Dr. E. M. Kellogg for one year, attown of Lee.  Here he stayed two years in  tending, at the same time, a course of lecthe enjoyment of a good practice and excel- tures, at the New  York Medical College
lent success, but at the expiration of this  (allopathic).  In 1858, he accepted an offer
time, in the fulfilment of his desire for a  from Dr. J. T. Evans, of New York, to bewider field, and an increased usefulness in  come his assistant in a very large and lucrahis profession, he removed to Pittsfield, Mass., tive practice.  He remained with him, enwhere he has found ample employment for  joying the benefits of his wide experience
his widely acknowledged and appreciated  and valuable  clinical instruction, till he
skill, and where, as a member of the Ameri-  graduated at the New York HI omceopathic
can Institute of Homceopathy, a staunch  Medical College, in I86I.  After graduating,
advocate, and an efficient practitioner of  he began practice on his own account, and
its doctrines and principles, he has earned  has gradually worked up in the great metroand possesses not only the honor and con- polis, where he still continues to reside, an
fidence of his patrons, but the high esteem  extensive and remunerative practice.  Such
of the profession.                          a fact speaks volumes for Dr. Pratt's attainDr. Wentworth commenced his medical ments and skill.  It is very seldom that an
studies with the intention of becoming a  inferior physician succeeds in securing any
homceopathic  physician, but soon  as his  considerable patronage in a city like New
studies were completed, he gratified his old  York.  Dr. Pratt has been a very successful
desire by entering the service.  At the close  practitioner, and  his gentlemanly bearing,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           IS1
pleasant manners and general culture make    He located in Warren, Trumbull county,
him popular alike with patients and general O., where, amid a vigorous opposition, he
society.                                  introduced and successfully established homHe was married to Frances H. Smith, of  ceopathy.  Nine years of residence in  a
New York, in I86I.                         malarious region so seriously affected a constitution naturally delicate, that he was compelled to relinquish his duties and seek in
his father's home rest and recuperation. In
OWNSEND, E. W., M. D., of  two years he was enabled to resume practice
G r e en sb u rgh, Westmorelancd  in Greensburgh, Westmoreland county, Pa.,
county, Penna., was born in  where he succeeded in gaining for homceoWashington county, October I2th, pathy a highly respected position, and iia
1826. His father, Elijah Townsend, Esq., securing for himself a large and lucrative
was a soldier of the war of I812, and for business. In I864, he was appointed Examtwenty-one years a faithful and tried servant ining Surgeon of Pensions in his district, the
of his country as a justice of the peace in his duties. of which he performed during two
native township. So sound and discriminat- years; when, under the administration of
ing were his judgments, that every appeal Andrew Johnson, he was removed from this
from his decisions resulted in their, approval office. Since his residence in Greensburgh
by the courts, no decision of his ever having  he has married a lady of that place, and has
been reversed.  So bright an ornament to  attained a comfortable home. He became a
society was the worthy father of the subject member of the American Institute of Homof this sketch, who in a different department ceopathy during its session in Pittsburgh, in
of life has acquitted himself with equal honor. I866.
On leaving home, in his seventeenth year,
Dr. Townsend commenced the study of medicine under Dr. J. Gourhea, of Waynesburgh,         HEES, MORGAN JOHN, M. D.,
Greene county, Penna., a graduate of the             of Hollidaysburg, Penna., was
University of New York, who, after practising        born near the southeast corner of
on allopathic principles for twenty-five years,       Second and Spruce streets, Philis now laboring successfully as a disciple of  adelphia, July  15, I824.  His father, J.
Hahnemann. After two years of studyin the  Loxley Rhees, was principal of the Model
Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati-at (public) School, near the corner of Eighth
that time in successful operation-he gradu- and Race streets, for more than twenty-two
ated in the spring of I85 I. Commencing  years.  His grandfather, Rev. Morgan J.
the practice of allopathy on the completion  Rhees, was a Welsh gentleman, who, in
of his first term, he was, during four years, a company with Dr. Benjamin Rush, of Philazealous practitioner of the system. But his delphia, purchased a tract of land in what is
attention being drawn to homceopathy, by a now Cambria county, Penna., on the western
series of investigations he proved its utility. slope of the Allegheny Mountains, and estabProfessor Hill, to whom  he applied for lished there a colony of Welsh emigrants.
counsel and direction, furnished him with a  Dr. Rhees's great-grandfather was Benjamin
list of the books he Would need, and gave  Loxley, keeper of the king's stores in Philahim every encouragement. Thorough exam- delphia before the revolution.  His education
ination convinced him  of the truth of the  was obtained in the Model School, and in the
principles of the new science, and after at- High School of Philadelphia.  His parents
tending the lectures of the Homceopathic  became converted to homoeopathy under the
College of Cleveland, Ohio, he graduated  treatment of Dr. G. PI. Bute, about the year
with distinction in the spring of I853.    I834, and were ever afterward its enthusi



I82                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
astic advocates. His natural tastes would his communications being approved, he was
have led him into some mechanical pursuit, appointed a member of the Central Bureau
but in deference to his mother's wishes he  of Materia Medica. This appointment he
decided in 1842 to become a physician, and  held for several years, and in conjunction
during the winter of 1842-'43 studied the with Dr. B. F. Joslin, endeavored to accomGerman language. In April of the latter plish some good, but without much success.
year he went to Nazareth, Penna., the home During this time and subsequently he conof Dr. G. H. Bute, and entered his office as tributed frequently to the Amzeicanz Review
a student of homceopathy. Here he read the  of Homeaopat/zy, both original and translations
works of Hahnemann and others in the Ger- fiom German periodicals.  He has always
man, during the summer, and in the autumn  been held in the highest estimation by his
of I843 matriculated in Jefferson Medical friends and patients, for his soundness of
College, where he graduated in March, I846. judgment, correctness in diagnosis, honesty
In April lie commenced the practice of hom- in expressing his opinions, and success in
cmopathy in Mount Holly, N. J., and in June practice. He is, and has always been, a
attended the meeting of the American.Insti- Hahnemann in practice, and has endeavored
tute of Homceopathy, in Philadelphia, and' to maintain a just mean between the extreme
became a member of that body, On his re- schools of homccopathy. If he had been less
turn home he issued invitations to all the retiring, and more self asserting, and had had
homceopathic physicians he knew of in New  a genuine love of his profession, he would
Jersey, to form a branch of the American  have been one of the most eminent members
Institute. Three physicians besides himself  of the homceopathic faculty.
met at his office, adopted a constitution and
by-laws, and elected officers. He was elected
Secretary, and at a subsequent meeting was
appointed a delegate to the meeting of the       PARHAWK, GEORGE  E. E.,
Institute at Bbston in June, I847.                 M. D., of Gaysville, Vt., was
In I849, having become infected with the         born in Rochester, Vt., February
gold fever-although he had built up a large        20th, 1830. His early education
practice in Mount Holly-he went to Cali- was received, first, in the Orange County
fornia, via Cape Horn, to seek gold. His  Grammar School at Randolph, Vt., and comsearch was unsuccessful, and after a varied pleted at the West  Randolph Academy.
experience of six years, he returned to Mount Graduating in this latter institution, he comHolly, and in October, I855, resumed prac- menced teaching, in I846, in the common
tice. Here, against an unscrupulous compe- schools, and. continued in that vocation until
tition, he built up a second time a large, and, I852. His inclinations and tastes favoring
for a country town, a profitable business. In  the study of medicine, he commenced, in
April, I868, he sold his practice and retired  I849, a course of medical reading, and conto a farm, where, in about sixteen months, he tinued assiduously in it until March, I852,
sunk nearly all his property, and was obliged when he resigned his office of teacher, and
to return to practice. He went to Holli- entered the Vermont Medical College at
daysburg, Penna., in November, I869, where Woodstock. At the close of the term in
he received immediate and generous support. June, he entered the office of Dr. William F.
During his residence in California he prac- Guernsey, of Frankford, Penna., where he
tised medicine at times, and was appointed  remained until October, when he entered the
physician to a homceopathic hospital.  He  Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylwas married, in I853, to Miss Charlotte L. vania, and took his degree in March, I853.
Head, formerly of Boston, Mass. He cor- In June following, he went to Rochester, Vt.,
responded with the American Institute, and, and commenced practice with Dr. H. W.






d_:Lx'.'- Ps3.C i'  i' a.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           IS3
lHamilton, with whom he continued in assid- kept them  in his bed-room, much to the
uous and faithful attention to the duties of  horror of those who chanced to discover
his profession until January, I854, having  them. At the age of twenty-one he entered
secured many warm friends, and built up for the office of Dr. Charles W. Adams, of New
himself a valuable practice.  In January, Woodstock, where he remained three years,
I854, he took the exclusive charge of the  profiting by the experience and instruction of
business, and married Miss Lucy Ann Gris- his excellent tutor. But before leaving him,
wold, of Randolph, Vt., in the following  he had become convinced of the fallacy and
March. She died of consumption in Decem- uncertainty of the doctrines and practice of
her, I858. On her death, he moved to Gays- the dominant school; and in this state of
ville, Vt., leaving to Dr. C. B. Currier his mind, fallow for new ideas, he went to New
practice at Rochester.                     York in I85j, and entered as a student the
Dr. Sparhawk is one of those earnest and  Hygienic College, then under the managelaborious physicians — of whom  there are  ment of Dr. R. T. Trall, and at the same
many-whose quiet and unobtrusive ministry  time attended the clinics of Bellevue Hosin their profession sheds light and comfort pital, of the City I-ospital, and of the Uniall around them.  Confining himself and his versity of New York. Soon after receiving
work to a country town, the world outside  his degree, he entered into partnership with
knows and hears nothing of either.  His  Dr. Trall in the management of his Hygienic
ministry of healing "is twice blessed; it Institute, in Laight street, New York, and
blesses him that gives and him that takes."  was subsequently elected to the Board of
Dr. Sparhawk has been connected with the  Curators, and to the Chair of Chemistry and
Vermont Medical Society since I854, and has Physics, in which he acquitted himself so
served in its various offices. He is now its well that he secured the enthusiastic comefficient Secretary.                       mendation of the class, and the respect of his
professional coadjutors.  But, becoming imbued with the medical heresy of similia
ORTON, DAVID  A., M. D., of  simzilibuts curantszr, he resigned his position,
Brooklyn, N. Y., eldest son of  and entered upon the practice of his profes.
John and Joanna Sheldon Gorton, sion under the banner of the new faith.  In
was born near Broadalbin, Ful-  I855, he married Maria F. Graham, of Delta,
ton county, N. Y., November 22d, 1832. As N. Y., eldest daughter of Horatio S. and
a child he was noted for his thoughtful and  Harriet Betts Graham, by whom he has a
studious habits, preferring the companion- son and two daughters.
ship of books and the society of grown    Dr. Gorton is a member of the Homceopeople rather than that of those of his own  pathic Medical Society of King's County, and
age. His educational advantages were such  one of the consulting physicians of the Brookas could be afforded only by the district lyn Homceopathic Lying-in Asylum. He has
school, and having possessed himself of these, for some years past been engaged in a fine
he earned by manual labor money to buy  practice at Newburgh, N.'Y., and latterly in
books, which he studied at night, and thus  Brooklyn, and has won the reputation of being
acquired some knowledge  of history, of  an eminently successful practitioner.  His
mathematics, of mental philosophy and of  independence of all mere conventionalisms,
Latin. A debating society contributed much  his comprehensive and philosophical views
to his mental development.  He also at- concerning mental and physical hygiene,
tempted a systematic study of anatomy, phy- moral therapeutics, etc., and his boldness in
siology and hygiene, and in his early youth  the advocacy of what he regards as having a
he macerated for this purpose the remains of  true physical and ethical basis, commands
a dissected cadaver, cleaned the bones, and  the respect of the most advanced minds, and



184                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
secures him the high estimation of all lovers of Dr. E. Caspari, a homceopathist and hydroof truth for its own sake. Dr. Gorton's life pathist, with whom  he acted as assistant
has been an incessant round of work and  during three summers, attending regular lecstudy.  Much of his knowledge of the hom- tures during the winter.  In 1858, he served
ceopathic materia medica, and of the modern  as clerk in a drug store in New Orleans, and
languages, has been acquired in his carriage, in the following year commenced homoeoon the road, and by the light of the "mid- pathic practice in Newark, N. J. During
night oil."  He has contributed largely to  the war he was assistant army surgeon in
various periodicals, and is now  preparing  Cincinnati, Louisville, and other places, and
manuscripts, soon to be published, which, in I864 went to Memphis with the intention
from the popular style in which they are  of practising; but finding the profession well
written, the philosophy advocated, and the  represented, as soon as he could earn the
large amount of, useful, practical information  means, he returned to New York.  There he
they contain, will, it is believed, afford much  received an invitation to Williamisport, Penna.
gratification alike to the profession and the  He remained in charge of the office vacated
general public.  Messrs. J. B. Lippincott &  by the death of his old preceptor, until his
Co. have in press a volume from  his pen cousin had graduated, and then settled in
entitled " Principles of Mental Hygiene," in Jersey Shore, where he has now the second
which the reciprocal relation of mind and best practice among seven physicians.  He
matter is discussed in the light of modern  was nmarried January 4th, I872.
developments of physiological knowledge.
CENIG, MAXIMILIAN JO-                      I L L E R, HARRISON VAN
SEPH, M.D.,of Jersey Shore,Pa.,            RENSELLAER, M. D., of Syrawas born November Ist, I829, in            cuse, N. Y., was born in Apulia,
Danstedt, near Halberstadt, in             Onondaga county, N. Y., Septhe Prussian province of north Saxony. His  tember I7th, 1828. His father, John Miller,
grandfather, Heinrich August Kcenig, was formerly of Hartford, Conn., was a descendant
Pastor and Superintendent in Muhlhausen, of William Miller, Ipswich, I648; his mother,
in Thuringia.  His father, Carl Bernhard  Lina Woodford, was a descendant of Joseph
Komnig, died in Auderbeck, near Halber- Woodford, of Farmington, I663.  After
stadt, March 23d, 1846. He was pastor in  passing through Pompey Academy, he enthat place, and, during the ten years preced- tered Hamilton College, where he was grading his death, was a leading writer in favor uated in I85I.  Engaging in teaching in the
of popular liberty, at the time of the religious  South, and in California, he subsequently
and political difficulties between the govern- spent a year and a half in agricultural purment and people.  His father and  party  suits in Illinois.  Politically he is wholly
demanded religion independent of the State, Republican. In I858, he was married to
and schools independent of the church.     Miss Challotte A. Birdseye, daughter of the
Maximilian was educated at home by a  late Victory Birdseye, of Pompey, N. Y.
private teacher from I838 to I840; attended  On commencing his medical studies, he was
the Gymnasium at Halberstadt from  1841 to  attacked with a severe and obstinate ophthal1848, and emigrated to the United States in  mia, which was relieved only by homceopathic
1849. During the first four years of his resi- remedies.  During his first year of study he
dence here, he studied medicine with his would have been unable to proceed but for
uncle, C. G. Reinhold, then in Boalsburg, the considerate and faithful help of Mrs.
Centre county, Penna.  In I855, while in  Miller, who, reading to him in the various
Louisville, Ky., he formed the acquaintance  branches of medicine, examined him daily in



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I85
review.  He records the fact that, " without pared himself, he took two courses of lectures
her patient and efficient aid, he should never in 1848 and I849, at Geneva Medical College,
have undertaken the study of medicine."  becoming at the same time a pupil of ProShe was the only preceptor he had. He did  fessor Thomas Spencer.  He graduated in
her instruction ample justice by passing a  I850; immediately returned to Ithaca, and
highly creditable preliminary examination.  commenced the practice of medicine and
I-He graduated at the New York Homceo- surgery, in partnership with his former prepathic Medical College in I862, after attend- ceptor, Dr. Hawley.
ing two terms. He practised for brief periods    During the winter of I855 he was called to
at Pompey Hill, Jordan, and Memphis, in  a neighboring city to see his invalid mother,
New York, and during the past seven years by whose bedside he met Dr. Horatio Robinin Syracuse. For four years and a half he  son, of Auburn, the able and honored pioneer
was in partnership with Dr. S. Seward.  Dr. of homceopathy  in western  New  York.'MViller is a valuable contributor Io the Hazhne- Through his influence Dr. Morgan was inmZaclzn M/onltAly, and other medical journals.  duced to examine into the claims of the new
system, which he had been taught to regard
as but the " fabric of a vision," but which he
found to be based on a broad and solid founORGAN, EDWARD JAY, M. D., dation of scientific research, and therefore
of Ithaca, N. Y., was born in  adopted in the same year.  He has now
Venice, N. Y., on June 29th, practised it for a period of eighteen years,
1825.  His father, Thomas Mor- and every year has become, to use his own
gan, of New London, Conn., died in I836. language, more and more satisfied with the
From circumstances connected with the finan- change.  His practice is extensive and lucracial condition of the country at that time, he  tive.
left his family almost wholly unprovided for.   At one period he was temporarily engaged
The subject of this sketch was therefore from  at a medical institution at Spencer Springs,
the first thrown upon his own resources, a  N. Y., the management of the homceopathic
circumstance which in after life he came to  dispensary being entrusted to him.  His serlook upon as having exerted a materially  vices to the cause of medicine, at the time he
beneficial effect upon him. At the age of  sought connection with this establishment,
fourteen he went to Auburn, N. Y., for the  elicited numerous highly complimentary tespurpose of acquiring a knowledge of den- timonials from such men as Ezra Connell,
tistry, in order that he might earn means founder of the university that bears his
sufficient to defray his expenses while at name.
school.  He was soon enabled to commence    In I85I, Dr. Morgan married the youngest
an academic course at Auburn, which he  daughter of Hon. Andrew D. WV. Bruyn, of
completed at Groton, N. Y., under the tutor- Ithaca, by whom he has two children, a son
ship of S. D. Carr, now of New York.  He  and daughter; the former is studying medihad prepared himself to enter Hamilton Col- cine with his father.
lege, then intending to join the ministry.
Circumstances changed his determination,
and in I844 he went to Ithaca, where he
commenced the study of medicine with the            EE,  CHARLES HOMER, M. D.,
late Dr. J. E. Hawley, allopath, who was at           of Tarentum, Penna., was born
that time the principal surgeon in Ithaca and  ]      in Freeport, Armstrong county,
the adjoining county. Having, by practising           Penna., May 3Ist, I840. When
dentistry, obtained the funds necessary to  two years old, his father removed to Alleenter a medical college, and sufficiently pre- gheny City, where he lived until his sixteenth



i86                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
year. Removing then to Preston county, Va., dered in its treatment of disease. Hahnehe remained there one year, and returned to  mann's " Organon " coming into his hands,
Allegheny City. He was educated in the  he read it with eagerness, and found in the
Fourth Ward Public School in that city. system propounded by him the solid grounds
After leaving school, he commenced the  on which the true medical practice is based,
study for the ministry when nineteen years and cordially adopted it, and up to the preof age. Finding trouble in using his voice  sent time he has never regretted the change.
from  some derangement of the bronchial He says the longer he is in the practice of
organs, he was dissuaded from the prosecu- homceopathy the more confirmed is he in the
tion of his plans, and commenced the study  fundamental principles of its curative effects.
of medicine, with Dr. J. F. Cooper, of Allegheny City, to whom, for his kindness and
labor in his behalf, he has ever entertained
the liveliest gratitude.  He prosecuted his  i   iORRILL, HENRY E., M. D., of
studies diligently until he graduated at the          Brooklyn, N. Y., was born in
Homceopathic College at Philadelphia, March          Boston, Mass., Dec. 2gth, II3.
2d, I864.  Commencing practice in Etna,               His father, Micajoh Morrill, died
Allegheny county, Penna., March 20oth, I864, when his son was but six months old. Dr.
he continued, until, in February, I867, he  Morrill's early days were passed in Wilming
became resident physician and surgeon of the  ton, Mass. At the age of nine years he
Homceopathic Hospital of Pittsburgh.  His suffered from coxalgia, being confined to his
health failing, in six months he resigned and  bed during one year. Dr. Jacob Bigelow, of
removed to Tarentum, Allegheny county. Boston, successfully treated the case and reHe found a bitter hatred of hommopathy  stored to his patient the perfect use of the
existent in the community; but patience, per- limb. At tell years of age, his stepfather
severance, and-much more-success, have  dying, he was thrown upon his own resources.
wrought a thorough change in public senti- At this tender age he was obliged to seek
ment on the subject, and now Dr. Lee has employment that would furnish him a home.
the best practice in the place. The begin- He commenced life on his own account as
ning of his residence at Tarentum was marked  an errand boy in the establishment of J. F.
with great difficulties fi-om the misrepresenta- Bumstick & Co. His early endeavors at a
tions and falsehoods of his opponents. He  support were so successful, that in 1830 he
was reported as understanding nothing of  was enabled to enter Phillips' Academy,
surgery or midwifery; but these were met by  Andover, where he prepared for college. In
successful performances in both departments  I833, he was admitted to the university, where
of practice. And when, in order to compel he acquitted himself with credit, but his rehim  to leave, they reduced their charges, he  sources failing, he was compelled to leave.
made no reduction and increased his practice. Going South to Natchez, he spent two years
In I860, December 27th, he was married  in teaching a private family. His success was
to Miss Lizzie A. McGee, of Addison, Som- such that the most flattering and tempting
erset county, Penna. IIe has two relatives- offers were made to induce him to establish
an uncle, Dr. J. K. Lee, of Philadelphia, and  a ladies' seminary. This he did under the
a brother, Dr. J. K. Lee, of Johnstown, Cam- most favorable auspices. Just at the opening
bria county-who are homceopathic physi- of this enterprise, the yellow fever swept
cians.                                     over the town, nearly decimating its populaWhen commencing the study of medicine, tion. His young wife, to whom he had been
he took up the allopathic system, which he  married but six days, fell an early victim to
pursued for six months; but while reading  the cruel disease. A month later he was' Watson on Practice," he became bewil- attacked by the fell destroyer, which had



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             87
carried off nearly all his wife's family.  He  medicine, were among the first to embrace the
recovered sufficiently to be removed to the  new faith. In I853, his parents again emiNorth late in November. As soon as his grated, going further West, and settling in
health was restored, he turned his attention to  River Falls, Wis., of the Academy of which
the study of medicine, entering the office of  place the subject of this sketch at once became
Dr. Boyce, in Athens, O., as a student, and  a student.  He therefore elnjoyed remarkably
subsequently attended lectures in Cincinnati, good educational privileges.  In the fall of
0.  He completed his studies in Philadelphia,  I857, he commenced the acquisition of a
where he graduated at the University of Penn- knowledge of medicine under the guidance
sylvania, in the spring of i840.           of his uncle, the late Dr. R. B. Clarke, at
Removing  to Madisonville, a surburban  Racine, Wis. Having under this physician's
town of Cincinnati, he commenced the prac- care sufficiently prepared himself for attending
tice of medicine allopathically, and followed  lectures, he matriculated at the Homceopathic
it up for several years.                   Medical College of Missouri, becoming the
In I847, he removed to Brooklyn, L. I., student of Professor William Todd Helmuth.
and for eight years was engaged in the drug  Under the inspiration of that brilliant and enbusiness, in New York. During this time he  thusiastic teacher he gave special attention to
turned his attention to the subject of homce- the study of anatomy, and attained singular
opathy.  In I858, he resumed the practice of proficiency as an anatomist.  He graduated
medicine homceopathically, and has been fa- with marked distinction in March, I86i, and
vored with a constantly growing and success- at once commenced practice at Dover, Bureau
ful practice.                              county, Ills.  In June of the following year,
Dr. Morrill is a member of Rev. Henry Ward  he entered the service of the United States
Beecher's Church, and has *enjoyed the inti- as Assistant Surgeon at the General Hospital
mate friendship of that clergyman since boy- at Mound City, then under the charge of Prohood.  Dr. Morrill is in his sixtieth year. It fessor E. C. Franklin.  He resigned in the
is feared that he will be obliged to abandon  ensuing November, and returned to private
active practice, being a great sufferer from  practice.
phthisis pulmonalis, which has been aggra-   In August, 1864, he was married to May
vated by two severe attacks of pneumonia. E., daughter of William Martin, one of the
But he has labored well in the field of homce- earliest and best known residents of Northern
opathy, and done much to advance the cause. Illinois. Since marriage, Mrs. Pratt, a lady
of unusual mental powers and rare womanly
qualities, has thoroughly qualified herself as a
physician; is now engaged with her husband
RATT, S. MILTON, M.D., of in the practice of medicine, and has added
s Hiawatha, Kan., was born at materially to the popularity of homceopathy
-    Waterbury, Vt., on December 2nd, in the communities where they have resided.
I835, and is descended from old   In the fall of 1870, Dr. Pratt, whose success
New England families that came over in the  as an anatomist while a student indicated his
Mayflower.  When he was ten years old, his peculiar fitness for the position, was offered
parents removed to Bureau county, Ills., where  the chair of Anatomy in the Homceopathic
his preliminary education was completed, and  Medical College of Missouri, and, although
the study of languages commenced under the  contemplating a removal to Kansas, he acsuperintendence of a private tutor.  Inll I849, cepted the appointment for one session, during
homceopathy was first introduced in that sec- which he afforded ample evidence of its judition by Dr. Z. B. Nichols, now of Faribault, ciousness.  His lectures proved of great value
Minn., and his parents, who had always en- and interest, while with both the faculty and
tertainedl an antipathy to the old system of the students he wron popularity and respect.



nI88                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPZEDIA  OF
The removal to Kansas occurred in the en- on a large and lucrative practice, counting
suing spring, and with his most efficient help- among his patrons also the late Governor
meet, Dr. Pratt settled at Hiawatha, where he  Seward. When Dr. Hoffendahl (I84I) restill resides, where he has acquired considera- moved to Boston, Dr. Bruchhausen went to
ble landed interests, and where he and Mrs. Hudson, N. Y., and prosecuted his studies
Pratt have a large and growing practice.   under Dr. George W. Cook, later of Brooklyn, now deceased.
Thence he betook himself to New York
city with a view of attending lectures in one
RUCHHAUSEN, CASPAR, M.D., of the allopathic institutions, and matriculated
of Norwich, Chenango  county, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons;
N. V., was born August 25th, but a fit of sickness, and the slim prospect of
80o6, in the city of Frankfort-on- one so heterodox obtaining a diploma from
the-Main, the former capital of the German  the Regulars,prevented him from completing
Confederation, and, up to I866, one of the  the course, to enjoy for a while a purer air in
four Free Cities, the native place of Goethel Providence, R. I., and the advantage of preand the original residence of the Rothschilds. paring himself privately for practice with Dr.
His father was of pure German, his mother Parlin.
of French descent, her grandfather, Sellier by    Conversant, besides Latin and Greek, with
name, a staunch Huguenot, having emigrated  French, German and English, he improved
from Paris, when Louis XIV. revoked the  also all opportunities for familiarising himself
tolerance Edict of Nantes —proclaimed by  with homceopathic literature. He wrote a
his ancestor, Henry  IV.-and  settled  in. "Popular Essay on Homceopathy and AlloHanau, a manufacturing town, where many  pathy," which was published in lHzil's Iforefugees found an asylum under the Land- mlteoopthzic Examziner, vol. ii. Nos. 5 and 6,
grave of Hesse's protection.               and  afterwards circulated  as a pamphlet.
Dr. Bruchhausen received a classical edu- In 1842, he engaged in the translation of
cation, but without any special profession  " Hufeland's Enchiridion Medicum," which
earned a scanty livelihood as a literatus by  he finished in August of that year. About
writing, proof-reading, translating, and teach- that time learning that there was an opening
ing.                                       for a homceopathic physician in Chenango,
In he spring of 1836, he came to America  one of the then more secluded counties of the
and found employment in Philadelphia with  State (now traversed by two railroads), he reMr. George Wesselhceft, who imported and -paired to Greene and embarked upon the hard
dealt in books and homeopathic medicines, life of a country practitioner, which tries both
and published a German weekly newspaper.   body and mind. As a pioneer of the new
In this connection he made the acquain- doctrine he had in addition much prejudice
tance of Dr. C. Hering, Green, G. Humphreys, and opposition to combat with, but bravely
Matlack, and other disciples of Hahnemann. fought his way, gradually winning for himself
Among them, Dr. Charles F. Hoffendahl, a and the system the favor of the people. The
graduate of the old school, of Berlin, Prussia, following May, I843, he located in the village
but converted to homeopathy by witnessing  of Oxford, where he remained five years.  In
the cures of a hospital physician in Vienna, I848, he moved to Norwich, the county seat,
and who had been physician in ordinary to  and resides there still, active within a more
the Count of Schwerin, befriended Dr. Bruch- limited circle, better appreciated and satisfied
hausen particularly, and by his encouragement to have broken the road for a method of docand under his auspices he commenced the toring more beneficent in its effects to suffering
study of medicine, I839, went with the same  humanity than any hitherto known, leaving
to Albany, where he (Dr. Hoffendahl) entered  younger practitioners to reap the harvest of



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                  I89
his,early labors, which pecuniarily profited  of homceopathy, to which he became a conhim comparatively little.                     vert after patient and careful investigation.
Literary in his tastes, Dr. Bruchhausen has    After six years of practice in'the new school,
acquired some reputation as a translator, and  Dr. Porter again went to the West, during the
has himself written several papers on medical Salmon River gold excitement, and spent two
subjects, and also miscellaneous articles of in- years in Oregon and Idaho, most of the time
terest to the general public.  In I870, he  in the practice of his profession. Returning to
published even a volume, entitled, " Rhymes  the States, he located at Kewanee, Henry
of the Times, and other Chimes," one of the  county, Ills., where he remained for one year.
few collections of verses written by one, whose  In I856, he removed to Galesburg, where he
vernacular is not the English, and which has  is now permanently established in the practice
been favorably noticed.                       of his profession.  The great acquirements,
skill and experience of Dr. Porter, have justly
obtained for him a large and flourishing practice and an extended reputation, for the exerORTER, WILLIAM  WTALTER,  cise and enjoyment of which he has appaN M. D., of Galesburg, Ills., was  rently before him many years.
born in a small town, known as
Clarkson Corners, near Rochester,
N.Y., January 3Ist, I826.  His father, Harry
Porter, served with distinction as captain,in          R IRAGIN, JOHN, M. D., of Mobile,
the war of 1812, and was afterward colonel               Ala., was born in Douglas, Mass.
of a regiment of New YorkMilitia.  In I834,               He is a descendant of the John
the family removed to Illinois, and settled on            Cragin  who  was  conspicuous
a large farm in Fulton county.  The subject among the prisoners of war, sent to this counof this sketch obtained his literary education  try by Oliver Cromwell.  While ili his early
at Knox College, Galesburg, after which he  boyhood, part of the family of young Cragin
read medicine for eighteen months in the  removed South with him, and when arrived
office of Dr. Johnson, of Vermont, Ills., and  at the proper age, he was sent to the William
again for an equal time in that of Dr. Christie, and Mary College, of Virginia, to pursue his
of Farmington.                                educationi.  He was an apt pupil, and an inAfter completing his professional studies at dustrious student; and at the close of his colthe Rush Medical College, Chicago, he com- legiate course, he was well prepared to enter
menced the practice of medicine as an allo- upon the study of medicine, the profession of
pathist at Lancaster, Peoria county, Ills.  In  which his taste and inclinations decided him
the following year, the famous'49, he became  to follow.  He commenced its study in the
one of the thousands of travellers to the gold  office and under the direction of an eminent
regions of California, crossing the plains with  allopathic practitioner.  He entered upon a
a company of one hundred men, as their cap-  critical examination of its theory, and pursued
tain.  For two years he practised medicine  it with a thoroughness and depth of research,
there, and then returning to Illinois, entered  %vwhich is characteristic of the man.  He could
into partnership with Dr. Wright, of Berwick,  not find that it rested upon any scientific basis;
Warren county, where he  remained until  I)ut on the contrary was forced to the concluI854.  Then he spent a year and a half in  sion, that the whole system  was wrongNorthern Iowa, whence he was recalled by  wrong in its doctrines, principles nlndpractice.
the illness of his mother.  He now (I856)    Greatly disappointed in the result of his inlocated in Abingdon, Knox county, and here  vestigation, he turned from it with a feeling
his attention was first directed to the system   akin to disgust.



Igo                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CVCLOPEDIA  OF
Being thoroughly conversant with the po- married, in i855, Miss Louisa V., daughter
litics of the country, and possessing a high  of C. A. Suckenbach.  In I857,he left Freeorder of literary talent, he devoted his time  donsville, and went West, practising there
and energies both to politics and literature.  four years.  IHe returned to Bethlehem, but,
About I845, he became conhected with the  in I864, he again went West, and for some
leading Democratic press of Alabama, under time practised in Hope, Ind.  In I867, he
the auspices of the late Hon. William  R. again returned to Bethlehem, and established
King, in which position he soon distinguished  himself in practice.
himself, and came to be universally regarded    Having tested the homceopathic remedies,
as one of the ablest political writers of the  and satisfied himself of their efficacy, in I855,
State.                                      he adopted that system  of practice, and has
He was also a frequent and able contributor ever since relied upon its teaching, and exto the literary periodicals of the country. both  hibited its remedies with gratifying success.
North and South.
WVhile engaged in these pursuits, his attention was directed to the new system of medicine-homceopathy.  Upon a most rigorous              EWITT, THOMAS, M. D., of AIinvestigation of its principles and theory, and        legheny City, Pa., was born in
finding them laid on a foundation broad as             Stockport, England, January 31st,
nature, and whose truths are as uncontrover-            182I. While quite young, every
tible as her laws, he became a true believer advantage of a thorough education was afin and an unflinching advocate of the new  forded him.  After a complete mastery of the
science.  After two years of thorough inves- English branches was obtained, he was placed
tigation and study, he retired wholly from the. for his study of the classics under the private
field of politics, and commenced the practice  tutorage of a gentleman widely known for
of homceopathy in Annapolis, Md.  He re- his scholastic attainments, and who possessed
mained here, however, but a year; when he  in an eminent degree the faculty of imparting
returned to Alabama, and established himself  knowledge to others.  He found in young
at Mobile, where, during his eighteen years  Hewitt a close student, an apt pupil, and one
of active practice, he has met with that high  who reflected honor upon his worthy instrucdegree of success, commensurate with his tor.  Having always manifested a decided
eminent ability and skill.                  preference for the medical profession, he entered upon his preparatory studies, under the
o'C-                    direction of R. S. Graham, M. D., F. R. S.,
who was distinguished for his learning and
ACOBSON, EDWARD H., M.D., his professional ability.  He had, however,
of Bethlehem, Pa., was born  been with him but a comparatively brief time,
March 3 st, I13I, in Salem, N. C. when his father was overtaken by misfortunes
He is a soil of Bishop John C. in his business transactions, and his financial
Jacobson, an eminent Moravian Divine, for ruin was complete; thus throwing his son
many years the Principal of the Female Mo- Thomas completely on his own resources,
ravian Seminary at Salem, N. C., who origi- which of necessity compelled him  to relinnally came from  Denmark, and who died  quish, for that time, the further prosecution of
November, I870.                             his medical studies.  He resorted to schoolDr. Jacobson was educated at Nazareth  teaching, but finding the remuneration inadeHall, Pa., and graduated in medicine at the  quate to his wants, by the influence of friends,
Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia, he obtained an appointment in the Post Office
receiving his diploma in I854. He com- Department, which position he held up to
menced practice in Freedonsville, where he  I849, when he resigned it and came to this



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           191
country.  Here, although he did not relin- of which are still in existence, commending
quish for a moment, his cherished purpose of them  as "honorable, worthy, and upright
becoming a physician, he engaged in mer- people."
cantile pursuits till 1853, when it was quite    The family history has been well preserved,
evident to his mind, that the auspicious time  one branch of it extending back through a
had arrived for him to carry out the plan and  long line of English ancestry of twenty-two
purpose of his early years.  Being still a generations, to  Richard  De Guylpyn, in
young man of but the age of thirty-two years, I2o06, who was then the owner and occupant
he had lost none of ambition's incentive to  of the Manor of Kentmere, in the north of
explore the realms of medical science; and he  England, during- the reign of King John.
set about it with a sturdy resolve, under the  Among this extended  ancestry were men
guidance and instruction of Dr. F. R. Moore, noted for valor, and in literature, and distinof Pittsburgh, Pa.                         guished both in Church and State, besides
With an assiduity deserving of the highest others, whose memories are equally deservcommendation, and which won for him the ing of mention for their quiet Christian virhigh esteem of his preceptor, he pursued his tues and upright lives.
studies.  He matriculated at the Homceopa-    Our subject received an academical educathic College, of Cleveland, O., from which  tion in Chester county, of this State, and,
he graduated  with  deserved  honors, in  after spending several years in teaching, comMarch, I857. During the same month of  menced the study of medicine with an old
his graduation, he accepted the position of- friend of his father, the late Hiram C. Metfered him of resident physician of the Cleve- calfe, M. D.  lie subsequently matriculated
land Hospital. After enduring, for a few  at the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelmonths, the dullness and monotony of his phia, where he attended two full courses of
position, his restless and ambitious spirit lectures, receiving his degree of M. D. therecould not brook the restraint, and he sent in  from.
his resignation; on the acceptance of which,   He spent some time in travel in the States,
he went to Arkon, Summit county, O., and es- living for several years on the Western frontablished  an  excellent and remunerative  tier, during the Kansas and Nebraska troupractice, which he continued till the spring  bles. He was amongst the first settlers in the
of I864, at which time he was induced to re- Territory (now State) of Nebraska, filling
move to Allegheny, Pa., where he has been  important offices there, and taking a promieminently successful, and has established a nent part in the initial civic organizations,
practice and a reputation of which he may'then being formed in its wilds.
justly be proud.                             In I859, he returned to his native State,
where he was married to Miss Elizabeth
Richmond Marsden, only daughter of the
OOIE, WILLIAM HARVEY, M. Rev. Dr. J. H. Marsden, of Adams county,
D., of Carlisle, Pa., was born  Pa., and granddaughter of the Rev. Robert
near York Sulphur Springs, Pa., Smith Grier, a prominent member of the
January Ist I829, and is the  Grier family of Pennsylvania.
only son of Jesse and Rebecca Harvey Cooke.   Their nuptials were celebrated in the parThe several branches of his ancestry came  ish church, at York Springs; the ceremony
from Great Britain, in the latter part of the  being performed by the father of the bride,
I7th and the beginning of the I8th centuries, assisted by the Rev. William  S. Heaton, in
and settling around Philadelphia, many of  presence of a large company of friends and
them became large proprietors of the soil in  invited guests.
the new province. They brought with them     Soon after his marriage, Dr. Cooke comletters from their trans-Atlantic homes, some  menced the practice of medicine according to



192                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAIADIA' OF
the theory of Similia similibus curanztzr, at cal College.  Going to Europe, in May of
Carlisle, Pa.                               that year, the following month he was reHis rare gifts and ackaowledged skill in  ceived as an interne pupil, in the Rotunda
this his chosen profession, soon secured to  Lying-in  Hospital, in  Dublin, Ireland.
him an extensive practice, mainly among the  Here he completed the prescribed course,
more influential and intelligent part of the  and received his diploma and certificates of
community of that old town.  His prompt merits.  He then visited the several hosand faithful attention to his professional pitals of London.  Afterwards he went to
duties, together with his close application to  Vienna, where he spent a year in the Genestudy, are remarked by all, and have doubt- ral Hospital of Vienna, attending the clinics;
less been promotive of his eminently success-  regularly, and receiving special instruction
fiul career as a physician.                 from  many of the celebrated physicians at
In I866, he was elected a member of the  that time connected with that famous instituAmerican Institute of Homceopathy, and was  tion. This he could not have accomplished
one of the original members of the Homceo- had he not possessed a complete knowledge
pathic Medical Society of the State of Penn-  of the German language. Very soon after
sylvania.  He issued the call resulting in  his return from Europe, he located in Nyack,
the organization of the Homceopathic Medi- where his success, as a practitioner, has secal Society of Cumberland Valley; a society  cured  for him  a large and remunerative
which has greatly promoted the advance-  practice.
ment of homceopathy in the locality it represents.
He has given much attention to meteor-             ART, CHARLES  PORTER, M.
ology, having been for some years a member              D., now temporarily residing at
of the corps of observers and a correspondent          Yellow Springs, 0., was born at
of the Smithsonian Institute, of Washington,            Norwich,  Conn.,  April  I7th,
D.'C.                                        I827.  His ancestors rank among the noHe is a gentleman of culture and refined  bility of England, being connected, on his
taste, an active and zealous churchman, and  mother's side, with Lord North, Prime Minis a vestryman of St. John's Parish, Carlisle.  ister of George III.  His father, Dr. Eliphaz
Hart, served with distinction in the war of
I812, as did his grandfather, Dr. Jonathan
Hart, in the revolutionary war of I776.. OORE, JOHN  DE VELLO, M. His mother, Elizabeth Armstrong, of NewD., of Nyack, N. Y., was born, port, R. I., was a woman of noble character
January 27th, I845, near Johns.- and benevolent disposition, alike noted for
town, N. V., where his great- her social qualities, and the unnumbered acts
grandparents located on their emigration to  of charity in the community in which she
America.  He was a pupil in the Johnstown  lived.
Academy, from his fifth year until he attained    Dr. Hart's literary education was princithe age of twelve.  He then entered  the  pally obtained in his native town, under the
well-known family-school of the Rev. James  tuition of Dr. George W. Standish, in comGilmore, at Ballston Spa, N. V., where he  pany with several other schoolmates, who
was prepared for the second year of his  have since risen to high honor and distinccollegiate course.  He commenced the study  tion, among whom  may be especially menof medicine at the age of eighteen, and was  tioned, the distinguished linguist and misreceived in the office of Henry Berkly, M. sionary, Rev. William Aitchison, and the no
D., of Peekskill, N. Y.,in I865.  In March, less distinguished  scientist, Dr. T. Sterry
I868, he graduated in the New York Medi-  Hunt, late President of the American Society



t/ /               6
17                  7.,'.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           I93
for the Advancement of Science, and chemist tion, and experience, which will, probably,
to the Geological Survey of the Canadas. be the crowning effort of his life.
Among the incidents of his childhood, may    Having passed a successful examination
be mentioned the fact of his having resided  by the Ohio State Board of Medical Examinin the house in which Benedict Arnold, the  ers, Governor Tod, in June, I862, ordered
traitor, was born, it having been his father's him to report for duty, as a surgeon of the
residence several years previous to its demo- United  States Army, to Dr. McDougal,
lition.                                    Medical Director, at Pittsburg  Landing,
Having come into possession, through his Tenn., by whom he was assigned to duty in
father, of the surgical works and instruments the field, under General Asboth, at Rienzi,
of that celebrated New England surgeon, Dr. Miss., where he was assigned to the 44th
Jonathan Turner, his mind received an early  Regiment, Illinois Volunteers.  After passbias in favor of medicine and surgery, and  ing through the battles of Perrysville and
after passing the prescribed course of study, Stone River, Dr. Hart resigned his position
under the distinguished American surgeon, in the army, in January, I863, in conseDr. Valentine Mott, of New York, he ma- quence of sickness in his family, but re-entriculated at the New York University, in  tering the service in June following, he was
1853, and graduated the following year.    placed in charge of the Surgical Wards and
In November. 1848, Dr. Hart married the  Eye Department of Brown General Hospital,
only daughter of Rev. Thomas Beacham, of  at Louisville, Ky., where he served with disXenia, O., by whom he has one daughter. tinction until the close of the war, having
In May, I872, he was called to mourn the been elected, by the surgical staff of the hosloss of his beloved companion, who died of  pital, President of the Board of Medical Exorganic disease of the heart, at Yellow  aminers, besides receiving from them  other
Springs, O., where, during the last few years testimonials of the appreciation in which he
they had resided on account of her health.   was held.
Dr. Hart's medical writings have hitherto    As a surgeon, Dr. Hart enjoys the reputabeen mainly confined to the domain of sur- tion of being a bold, skilful, and very sucgery, in which he has become a noted and  cessful operator, having performed most of
skilful operator, and have been given to the  the major operations of surgery. Notwithprofession, through various allopathic jour- standing this, he has always inclined to the
nals, especially the kVestern Lancet, and the  conservative side, deeming it a much higher
Medical and Surgwical stews, of Cincinnati, honor to be able to save a diseased or mutisince the year I856. Among them  may be  lated member, than to obtain eclat as a
mentioned the following: " Successful Oper- "dexterous" operator. The same conscienation for Complete  Retroversion  of the  tious regard for human life, early led him to
Uterus, in the Sixth Month of Gestation, an honest investigation of the merits of howith Cases," " Primary Encephaloid of the  mceopathy, and becoming convinced, both by
Spleen," " Observations on the Periodicity  reason and experience, that it was the only
of Fevers," " Pathology of Fibrin in the  true system of medical practice, he has, durCirculation," " Orthopcedic  Surgery, with  ing the last eight years, devoted himself exCases," " Ice Cream  as a Topical Remedy  elusively to it. He is a firm believer in, and
in Inflammatory Disease of the Throat and  an uncompromising advocate of, high potenStomach," and  on "Anomalous Polypoid  cies, except in miasmatic, an emic, and soGrowths of the Uterus, Connected with Hy- called zymotic, or "blood" diseases, such
datids of that Organ."  He is now preparing  as malarious and exanthemic fevers, chlorofor the press an original work, entitled  sis, syphilis, cerebro-spinal meningitis, etc.,
"' Analytical Manual of Homceopathic Prac- which he treats to some extent on a different
tice," the result of many years' study, reflec- principle, and which, we understand, will re.
I3



194                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CVCLOPiEDIA  OF
ceive special elucidation in his forthcoming  labor, and resolved to devote himself to the
work on practice, to which we have already  study of medicine.  This he commenced,
referred.                                  scarcely believing that he would ever be able
to engage in the practice. Almost impoverished by his long illness, he was unable to
ONES, GAIUS J., Rawsonville, attend lectures until the winter of I864-'65,
O., was born in Remsen, Oneida  when he went to Cleveland, where he atcounty, N. Y., February 27th, tended the Hommopathic College. In the
1840.  He is of Welsh descent. spring, he found himself destitute.  Having
His great-grandparents, on his father's side, no choice, but compelled to engage in someemigrated from Wales, in I795. The fami- thing that wouldyield him a maintenance, howlies of his paternal grandfather and grand- ever modest, he commenced the practice
mother were prolific-counting no less than  of homceopathy, at Liverpool, 0.  In I866,.
ten children in each family. The mother of  Dr. Jones married and moved to Holland
Dr. Jones left Wales at the age of sixteen, Patent, N. Y., where he took the practice of
emigrating alone to America, where, how- his preceptor, but failing to find business as
ever, she had friends to welcome her.      good as he was led to expect, he returned to
The subject of this sketch was reared on  Liverpool.
his father's farm. After the age of seven, he    In I868, in connection with Drs. Cushing,
was sent to the district school, which he con- of Elgin, Rust, of Wilmington, and Pecktinued to attend until he was thirteen.  At ham and Wilmot, of Rawsonville, he organthe age of fourteen, he attended a select ized the Homceopathic Medical Society of
school for three months, and a year later en- Lorain.and Medina counties, an organization
tered the Academy of Prospect, N. Y. In  which still exists, and does much good. Dr.
order to do this he was obliged to walk two  Jones acted as secretary and treasurer the
miles and a half twice a day, and working  first two years.  In I87I, he graduated at the
on the farm  night and morning. The fall Homceopathic Hospital College at Clevebefore he attained the age of sixteen he  land, and soon after was appointed Lecturer
passed a very creditable examination be- Adjunct to the chair of Anatomy, in the latter
fore the School Commissioners, but was institution. After delivering a course of fiftydenied a certificate to teach, being under six lectures and demonstrating also, he was
the required age. At fourteen, Dr. Jones  elected to the full professorship of Anatomy.
performed the work of a man on his father's  Dr. Jones is associated with Dr. C. J. Wolfarm. By means of his industry and a most cott, in a lucrative and increasing business.
commendable hoarding up of his spare moments, he secured for himself a good education.  Having no taste for agricultural pur-      IINCENT, FRANK  LYON, M.
suits, to which his father destined him, he           D., of Troy, N. Y., was born in
entered, in the spring of I86I, a dry-goods           Northumberland  county,  Pa.,
store in the city of Utica, N. Y. While en-           February 28th, I839.
gaged here as clerk, he enlisted on the 24th    Dr. Vincent received his academic educaof April, just after the fall of Fort Sumter, tion at Waterford, Pa. In I855, he entered
in the I4th Regiment New York Volunteers. the Collegiate Preparatory School, at Fort
In the month of August following, he was  Edward, New York.  He commenced the
attacked with typhoid fever, from which he study of medicine, in I857, his preceptors
recovered so slowly, and which entailed upon  being Drs. Small and Beebe, of Chicago.
him chronic diarrhcea and dyspepsia, that he  In the spring of 1858, he went to Philadelwas discharged from the army. Impaired in  phia, entering the prescription drug store of
health, he could not engage in physical Samuel Sheppard, and attended lectures at



HOMlEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            I95
the College of Pharmacy. He returned to  essee county, andthough comparatively young,
Chicago in I859, matriculating in the Lind  gave direction to their studies. Here, having
University of Medicine in that city; re- plenty of patients, with horses at his comentering the office of Drs. Small and Beebe, mand, he made himself familiar with the
and with them continuing his studies until details of practice, of which, as there was no
the fall of S86o, when he entered the first clinic at Fairfield, he had known little expericlass of the Hahnemann Medical College of  mentally.  At the County Medical Society's
Chicago, where he graduated the following  annual session of that year, he read a paper
spring.                                    " On the Use and Abuse of Blisters;" and sub
He began practice at Champaign, Ills., but sequently, one "On the Use and Abuse of
soon removed to Rockford in the same State, Emetics."  Treatises on these subjects were
where he established a fine practice, which  greatly needed at that time, when blisters and
he relinquished in I869 to remove to Troy, emetics were considered as the most useful
N. Y.  His practice here and reputation are  appliances of a physician's treatment of his
such as to make him prominent among-his patients.
professional brethren.                       In February, I83r, he settled in the town
Dr. Vincent is a member of the Illinois  of French Creek, Chatauqua county, arriving
State Medical Society, of the American In- there on the day of the great total eclipse.
stitute of Homceopathy, and of the New  On September Ig9th of this year he married
York State Homceopathic Medical Society, the fifth daughter of the Hon. Isaac Wilson,
of which he is its Recording Secretary.    of Middleburg, Genessee county, N. Y. Suffering from the ague, which threatened to
undermine his constitution, he removed to
Attica, and entered into partnership with Dr.
-    ORD, ISRAEL SHIPMAN PEL-  E. Park.  In April, I834, he started for the
TON, M. D., now  resident in  West, and reached Chicago-then a bed of
Brooklyn, L. I., was born in  mud, with but a few scattering houses-in
Hadlyme, Conn., September I6th, May.  Passing on, he made a claim on the
I805. His parents were of high respecta-  Dupage river, twenty-nine miles west from
bility, and in very easy circumstances.  His  Chicago, at a place since called Warrenville.
mother, whose maiden  name was Beck- Here, where ague and fever of their worst
with, was descended  from  Admiral Sir types were very prevalent, his labors were
Francis Drake, whose name and deeds are  incessant by day and by night; he riding
conspicuous in the annals of the British navy. from thirty to forty miles in all directions.
In I8II, the family removed from Connecti-  He had no competition in this field, but his
cut to Sag Harbor, Long Island; a year or practice was too fatiguing, and concluding to
two after to Utica, N. Y, then only a small circumscribe his field, he went to Chicago,
village; and in I818 to the town of Collins, which was then growing rapidly, and had
in Erie county of the same State; and in  almost attained the' dimensions of a city.
I818 to Middleburg, Genessee county, near Here he purchased eligible lots, and, erecting
Wyoming.  In Middleburg, he entered the  a house, prepared to commence the practice
academy, and continued his connection with  of his profession.  But the lack of patients,
it until his graduation in IS26. In that year followed by the financial crisis caused by the
he began the study of medicine with Dr. great fire in New York, compelled him to
Frederick Fitch, of Le Roy, N. Y.  From  leave, and he removed to Warrenville, where
I828 to I830, he attended lectures in Fair- he resumed his old practice.  In 1838, he
field, N. Y. In the spring of I830, he took  discovered a method of reducing quicksilver
charge of fourteen students in medicine, in  for blue mass, by trituration, at one-tenth the
the office of Dr. Elijah Park, of Vernal, Gen- cost of the old method. After manufacturing



i96                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
a toll and a half of blue pills winth a machine    Dr. Lord's contributions to medical literaof his own invention, he abandoned it, and  ture have been quite numerous and very
the secret of this discovery he has never dis- popular. Chief among them are an essay on
closed.  An alarming attack of illness, in  the "Abuse of the Obstetric Forceps;" one
which his attendant physicians were unsuc- on "Alcohol;" a review of " Hale's New
cessful, confirmed his belief that the fewer Remedies;" a report on " Materia Medica,"
and simpler the medicines in use, the better... presented to the Illinois Homceopathic MedHe now  confined  his practice to a very  ical Society; and a paper on  "Typhlolimited number and quantity of the drugs in  Enteritis," contributed to the Unzited States
use, and was virtually a homceopathist.  He  MSfedical and Sz'rgical yournal.  In I87I, he
was indebted to Dr. D. S. Smith, of Chicago, published an octavo volume of 350 pages, on
for a copy of Hahnemann's "Organon,"  " Intermittent Fever."  This work, which is
which was accompanied with some very val- largely clinical, is based upon notes and data
uable advice. He read the book, but did not. accumulated during many years' experience.
follow the advice, and had almost made up  It is an original and invaluable monograph.
his mind to abandon the profession. His  Dr. Lord's intense hatred of shams has led
friend, Dr. Smith, advised him to continue, him to gather a lazrge storehouse of facts upon
and to use the homoeopathic remedies.  In  which his ideas of practical medicine are
these he was successful. In I849, he started  founded.  For twenty-three years he has
for California. The cholera was prevailing  taken a verbatim phonographic report of every
fearfully along the overland route; and so  case of every disease for which he has presuccessful was his treatment that but one case  scribed. All the conditions and circumstances
died, and that was an infant.  In California  pertaining. thereto, as well as the medicines
the disease was exceedingly fatal. In its given, their attenuation and repetition, have
treatment the homceopathic  practice was been carefully noted down at tIhe bedside.
uniformly successful.:                      These have been as carefully copied by his
After travelling in all parts of the State, he  own hand, so that he now has seven large
sailed for the Eastern States on the I5th Feb- folio volumes, or 4000 pages of manuscript,
ruary, I85I, returning to his old place: and  wllich it is hoped will one day be available
practice; and in i86I went again to Chicago. to the profession.
Here in five years he built up a large and
successful practice; but suffering greatly from
a persistent cough, he removed to Poughkeepsie in I867; and in I872 removed to             OWELL,  HANS, M. D., of New
Brooklyn, where he is now engaged in suc-             Yorkl city, was born inF Dublin,
cessful practice.                                     Ireland, on February I4th, I844.
Dr. Lord is a thorough homceopathist, re-           He is the second son of George
pudiating  in his practice all blisters and  Powell, for many years Secretary of the Royal
emetics, and giving the finest attenuations  Board of Education, Ireland, and grandson
which will reach the disease in hand. A  of Hans Denniston, for some years British
temperance man from  principle, he never, Consul to the Netherlands, who was one of
under any circumstances, uses or prescribes  the chief participants in the rebellion of
intoxicating drinks, and carries out his total: I798, and was granted his life on condition
abstinence principles in the matter of tobacco. of leaving the country forever. The subject
In his ecclesiastical relations, he was a  of this sketch was educated by a private tutor
member of the Baptist Society for twenty-five  at his father's residence in Clontarf, Dublin
years; and in I853 transferred his member- county, Ireland. When he was called upon
ship to the Society of the Disciples, or to make choice of an occupation, he selected
Campbellites.                              the profession of medicine, and having passed









HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            I97
through a preliminary course of study, he  was mainly through observing the success
passed his first examination, with credit, at that attended his ministrations, and his teachApothecaries' Hall, Dublin, on October 3d,  ing, that Dr. Powell became a firm believer
1856. Thereupon he was indentured for a in and earnest advocate of the principles of
five years' apprenticeship to the eminent sur- homceopathy.  On the retirement of Dr.
geon and practitioner, Robert Newland, of  Snodgrass from the profession, Dr. Powell
Dublin.  Under that gentleman's guidance  suceeded to his practice, and is now pursuing
he rapidly acquired a thorough insight into  it with advantage to a large circle of patrons
the theory and practice of medicine, according  and profit to himself. He has especially a
to the allopaths.  His first diploma he re- good surgical practice, performing  many
ceived from the Coombe Hospital, Dublin, operations daily.  Some of the operations
on November 22d, i86o, and he was granted  performed by him have been of a peculiarly
the first certificate of the Pathological Society  critical nature, but his success has been unof Dublin, in I86i.  He attended Mercer's  qualified. In this branch of his profession
Hospital, and lectures in the Royal College  his army experience has proved of the highest
of Surgeons, Ireland, and graduated in I862. value to him, and in connection with his
It will thus be seen that his medical educa- varied service in the Dublin hospitals, have
tion was of a very extended and thorough  placed him in the front rank of the surgeons
character.                                 of the day.
Being possessed of an adventurous spirit,   Since his retirement from the army, he has
he determined upon leaving Ireland for the  always manifested a deep and earnest interUnited States, and came over as physician of  est in all matters relating to soldiers and
the emigrant ship' Columbia," in January, sailors, and has been twice elected by large
i863. As soon as the duties of that position  majorities, over able and distinguished oppowere fully discharged, he applied  to the  nents, Surgeon-General of the Grand Army
Governor of New York, Horatio Seymour, of the Republic.  He has also compiled a
for an appointment as medical officer in one  complete list of all the wounded soldiers and
of the volunteer regiments engaged in active  sailors of the State of New York, a record of
service in suppressing the rebellion. After a great interest and value.
close examination as to his professional qua-   In June, I87I, he became a member of the
lifications, through which he came with  American Institute of homceopathy.
marked success, he was appointed Assistant
Surgeon of the 142d New York State Volunteers, in February, 1863.  He at once entered
upon active service, and, in association with  -   ]ROSS, EDWIN  C., M. D., of
various commands, was present in most of  [   "di    Rochester, Minn., was born in
the severe and trying battles of the war.  He         Bradford, Orange county, Vt.,
was promoted to be surgeon of the 3d New              April I6th, I824. On the death
York State Volunteers for distinguished ser- of his mother, which occurred when he was
vices rendered at the capture of Fort Fisher, thirteen years of age, his father being in inand after being some months in charge of the  digent circumstances, young  Cross deterhospital in Raleigh, N. C., was honorably  mined to depend upon his own exertions
discharged at his own request at the end of  while securing an education, and, by his own
the year I865, the war having then termni- labor, he supported himself during the next
nated.                                     five years, while pursuing his studies at the
In the year I867 he entered into partner- academy, and afterward, while studying medship with Dr. J. E. Snodgrass, in New York  icine.
city, whose practice was an extensive one.   On leaving the academy he spent two years
That gentleman was a homceopathist, and it in the office of Dr. John Poole, of Bradford,



198                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
and was subsequently a pupil of Drs. Dixi favor of homoeopathy, yet he would not ignore
Crosby and Edward R. Peaslee, of Hanover. the advantages often to be derived from other
He attended one course of lectures at the  methods of treatment.  Conscientious in reMedical Department of Dartmouth College, gard to the duties he owes his patients, he
another at Castleton, Vt., and a third at will not allow prejudice to prevent his using
Woodstock, Vt.; and afterward he also at- any means which shall promise most speedy
tended lectures by Surgeons Mutter, Gross relief. Actuated by such sentiments, creditand Pancoast.'While laboring to support able to him alike as a man and as a physician,
and educate himself, the doctor engaged in  Dr. Cross is one of those who do honor to
the publication of a cheap monthly journal, the profession.
which proving somewhat profitable, he was
enabled to enjoy advantages which would
otherwise have been beyond his reach. He
commenced practice in Leyden, Mass., July,         ULLER, MILTON, M. D., of
8S46, where he remained about four years.            Boston, Mass., was born in WestWhile there he married  Miss Fanny E.                 moreland, N. H., January 5th,
Marcy, youngest sister of Professor O. Marcy,         1799.  He is the son of Noah
of the Northwestern University, near Chi- Fuller, a farmer of that place, and grandson
cago, Ills.                                of Noah Fuller, a prominent physician in his
During the next seven years he practised  day.  He was brought up on a farm till the
in Brattleboro, Vt., and while there experi- age of eighteen, and during these years demented much with homceopathic remedies, voted much time to acquiring such education
according to the principle of Siozilia sizmili- as the district schools afforded. Agricultural
bus curirznluZ, and soon learned that as good  pursuits proving incompatible with his tastes,
results were secured by that as by other sys- in I817 he left home and embarked in a mertems of practice.  Losing all his property by  cantile business in Keene, N. H. After a
the great fire in Brattleboro in I857, he de- fair trial he determined that a professional
cided to go West, and finally made his home  life would best accord with his tastes and
in Rochester, Minn., where he has estab- aspirations, and he entered the Ch.esterfield
lished an excellent paying practice.       Academy to obtain a literary and classical
To the interesting and practical lectures of  education prior to entering upon the study of
Professors Gross, Mutter and Pancoast, he  medicine. After two years of assiduous appliconsiders that he owes much of his success, cation in these necessary branches, he removed
and also of the reputation he has acquired as to the city of Boston, and became a pupil of
a surgeon; although it has twice been his  Dr. Solomon D. Townsend, at the Marine
fortune (as it is frequently that of others who  Hospital in Charlestown, Mass. He attended
have any property) to be sued for malprac- two full courses of lectures at the Medical
tice; he was, however, acquitted in both  College connected with Harvard University;
instances, and his practice justified and de- also two courses by Dr. Ingolls of Brown
fended by the ablest surgeons in the State.   University, upon  anatomy  and  surgery.
During the war of the rebellion, he was These advantages, coupled with three years'
appointed by President Lincoln, Surgeon of  experience in the hospital, fitted him for the
the Provost Board for the First Congressional practice of his profession.  He married in
District of Minnesota.                     I823, and commenced allopathic practice the
The doctor is, in theory and in practice, a same year in the town of Scituate, Mass.,
liberal-minded man. He believes in homoeo- where he remained until I841. In this year
pathy, and he also believes that there is much  he became a sincere convert to the doctrines
which is valuable in other systems of prac- of Hahnemann.  He immediately removed
tice; and although most strongly disposed in  to Medford, Mass., where success awaited



-- --- -----
Szkl -, l.lz.Co. Phil ada.






HOMCEOPATHIC  PIIYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                            I99
him in the establishment of a large and lucra- himself with  Dr. W. B. Chamberlain, of
tive practice.  But a wider and more impor- Keene.  In May, I862, he returned to Contant sphere was destined to secure his valuable  cord, where he has an extensive and lucrative
services.  In I855, upon the urgent solicita- practice.  He has been a frequent contributor
tion of numerous friends, and influenced too  to medical periodicals, and is now one of the
by family reasons, he removed to the city of  associate editors of the New EnSglcand MediBoston, and was soon laboring earnestly in a  cal Gazette.  HIe is a member of the Ameristill more extensive and superior practice. can Institute of Homceopathy, and of the
He was elected a member of the American  New Hampshire Homoeopathic Medical SoInstitute of Homeeopathy in the first year of  ciety, of which latter he has been Secretary
its existence, and, in I6So, was elected Pre- for the past ten years.  He is an honorable
sident of the Massachusetts Homceopathic  member of the Vermont Medical Society, and
Medical Society.  It is only necessary to add  of the Connecticut Valley Medical Society;
that his social and moral worth is commensu-  and, in I869, he received a special degree
rate with his professional rank and attain- from the New York Homceopathic Medical
ments.  He is an able advocate of the homce- College.
opathic system; the thirty-one years he has    In politics he is strongly Republican, and
so faithfully devoted to its practice having  is now  a member of the State Legislature,
served to confirm the wisdom of his choice.   and chairman of one of its most prominent
Committees, and also a member of the Republican State Central Committee.  He is an
ardent advocate of total abstinence, and a
ALLITNGER,   JACOB  H., M. D., warm friend to all enterprises of an educatioof Concord, N. H., was born in  nal nature.
Cornwall, Canada West (now the
Province of Ontario), on March
28th, 1837.  His father-a farmer, with a             OLT, DANIEL, M. D., of Lowell,
large family to support-was unable to give to          Mass., was born in Chaplin, Conn.,
tlhem  the extended advantages of education            July 2nd, I8Io.  His father, Newhich lie desired.  Having attended the pub-            hemiah, a local magistrate, was a
lic schools until his thirteenth year, he entered man of sterling judgment, much respected
a printing office in his native town, and after for strict integrity in all the relations of life.
serving three years as apprentice, he removed He died when this son was but fourteen years
to Ogdensburg, N. Y., where he worked as a  old; but not until he had received a thorough
journeyman printer for one year, when, re- education in those common schools organized
turning to Cornwall, he took charge of the  with the State itself, perfected by Horace
establishment in which he had learned his  Mann, and a model over the world. So pretrade, the proprietor having died.  He was pared, the son commenced his classical studies
then in his seventeenth year, and after spend- at Amherst and Ashford Academies, in I826,
ing a year as printer and editor, and continu-  and, in I831, entered the scientific department
ing his studies, he resumed school.  In his of Yale College.  He secured the degree of
eighteenth year his attention being called to  M. D., in I835, and with it the highest honors
medical studies by witnessing the destructive  of his class.
effects of calomel upon the constitution of a    Immediately following graduation, Dr. Holt
younger brother, he entered the Eclectic Me- settled at Glastonbury, Conn.  There he was
dical College in Cincinnati, and graduated  tendered the position of Assistant Physician
in I859.  In August, I86o, he went to New  in the State Insane Asylum at Hartford; but
Hampshire to be married; he was induced to  unwilling to sacrifice a growing practice, felts
study homceopathy, and, in I86i, associated  constrained to decline.  For several succes



200                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPBEDIA OF
sive years he was Corresponding Secretary  to his skill as it is final in its demonstration
and Treasurer of the Hopkins Medical Asso- of homceopathic usefulness.  He relied and
ciation, comprising the principal physicians  still relies upon aconite, bryonia, phosphorus,
of central Connecticutj and requiring an un-  and antimony as the specifics for this class of
animous vote for membership.  He wrote  disorders.
several valuable essays, and delivered as many    Admitted to the Massachusetts Medical Somedical addresses while resident at Glaston- ciety, in I846, and to the Massachusetts Hobury-one of the former being an elaborate  mceopathic Medical Society on its constitution,
monograph  upon  Scar/atina, which  was in 1848, Dr. Holt immediately became one
crowned with a prize of the Connecticut Me- of the most valued and leading members of
dical Society.  In I844, he associated a for- the latter.  He delivered its annual oration,
mer pupil in his practice, that he himself  in 1858, upon " Medicine as an Art and as a
might thereby improve his own knowledge  Science."  He was chosen President of the
by travel and the examination of various sys- society, in I863.  In I856, a paper he read
tems of hospital management.  It was while  before the North Middlesex Medical Society
spending a year at New  Haven, that Dr. of Massachusetts, on the " Pathology of ZyHolt's active mind was led to investigate the  motic Diseases," was published in the Bostonl
claims and principles of homceopathy.  His  Medical and Sucgical yournzal, republished
former teachers at Yale recommended this  in pamphlet form, and received the unqualicourse, as he would be likely, as they said, to  fled commendation of the profession generally,
sift out any truth in it; and after devoting  and especially of Dr. Alonzo Clark, the emihimself ardently to it, and applying every test nent pathologist of New York city.
in the most rigid manner, he was won to a    Dr. Holt ascribes his distinguished success
cordial adoption of its theory and practice. as a physician very largely to his close study
He immediately embodied his views in atrea-  of the pathology of disease.  He has mingled
tise of forty-eight pages, entitled, " Views of  very little in political life; but served one
Homceopathy; with Reasons for Examining  successful term in the Legislature.  It is emiand Admitting it as a Principle in Medical nently due to him to say that while his pracScience."  In the autumn of I845, he corn- tice has been chiefly among the wealthy clasmenced  homceopathic  practice in Lowell, ses, he has given freely of his services to the
Mass., where this system  then was barely  poor, and has ministered very largely without
known.  A  dysenteric epidemic of singular reward to the clergy and their families.
severity appeared in I847, and it was subsequently estimated that one-tenth of all who
were treated allopathically died.  Dr. Shackford-now  of Portland, Me. —and Dr. Holt             TEVENS, GRENVILLE SMITH,
suffered but two deaths in one hundred and              M. D., of Providence, R. I., was
fifty cases conducted homoeopathically-a se-           born in Raynham, Mass., July
venty-fifth to a tenth.  The result was so sin-         Ioth, I829.   He was sent to
gular as to command report in the Boston Me- school at an early age, and during his whole
dical and Surgical 7ournal, in 1847.        rudimentary course, he manifested that eagerDr. Holt has paid great and studious atten- ness for study, and desire to attain knowledge,
tion to diseases of the lungs, and in an unusually  which has been a marked characteristic with
large practice has been signally successful. him  through life. At the age of sixteen he
His record shows that in twenty-seven years' had attained a remarkable degree of profipractice, including near six hundred cases of  ciency in the common English branches, and
acute lung  disease —pneumonia, pleurisy, at that time,-I845,-he entered upon an
acute bronchitis, and catarrhal fever-he has academic course of study, preparatory to a
had but one fatal result: a record as creditable  collegiate  course: having  thus early, the



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           20I
medical profession as his ultimate object. at an early age, evinced a fondness for study,
After three most profitable years engaged in  which placed him at the head of his classes,
this course; in 1848, he entered Brown Uni- won the approbation of his teachers, and
versity, at Providence, R. I., from which he  which enabled him, some time before he
graduated in I852. During his college vaca- attained his m'ajority, to reach that degree of
tions he pursued his preliminary medical scholastic attainments, as eminently qualified
studies, in the office of Drs. Barrows and  to take upon himself the duties and responsiGraves, of Taunton, Mass. In September, bilities of a teacher in the public schools.
of the year of his graduation from the uni- Aside from his regular preparatory course of
versity, he entered Dr. Okie's office in Provi- study, he attended several sessions of the
dence. The following year, —I853,-he at- State Normal School, at Millersville, Pa.
tended his first course of medical lectures in    During seven years, he taught schools in
Pittsfield, Mass. He afterwards attended the  Lancaster county, and at Cornwall, Lebanon
College of Physicians and Surgeons, in New  county, Pa.; after which, entertaining  a
York city, where, in I854, he graduated. In  strong desire to enter the medical profession,
July of the same year, during the prevalence  he became a student under the instruction of
of the great cholera epidemic, he went to  Dr. Shelly, of the allopathic school, at Litiz,
Chicago, Ills. After a brief residence of three  Lancaster county, Pa.  He had not long
weeks in the "Garden City," he was taken  pursued the study of medicine under his
ill, and acting under advice, he immediately  direction, when Dr. Shelly was taken sudreturned east. In August, 1854, he opened  denly ill, and died.  He then repaired to
an office in Providence, R. I., and com- Lebanon and placed himself under the inmenced practice.  He soon gained an excel- struction of Dr. Gloninger of that place.
lent reputation for his professional skill, and    After the breaking out of the civil war,
in a short time he was in the enjoyment of a imbued with the prevailing spirit of patriotism,
fine practice and the confidence and esteem  he enlisted as a soldier; but suffering greatly
of his patrons.  For thirteen years he con- from rheumatism, to which he was subject,
tinued uninteruptedly in the performance of  he was pronounced disabled, and in consehis professional duties, which were extremely  quence could not be mustered into service.
arduous, and had had a marked effect upon  He soon after went to Pottsville, where he
his health; and in consequence, in I867, rest was married to Miss Essie C. Foster, the
and  recuperation  became  an imperative  daughter of Jessie Foster, Esq. In I867, he
necessity, and he retired to his farm, for the  laid aside his medical studies for a brief time,
space of two years.  In I869, he returned to  and engaged in the boot and shoe trade in
Providence, and resumed the duties of his  Shamokin.  But finding this business unprofession with restored health and unim- profitable, and not suited to his taste, he repaired energies.  Since which time he has turned to Pottsville and resumed the study
been in full practice, with increasing pros- of medicine. After a thorough preparation
perity and success.                        he entered the Eclectic Medical College of
Philadelphia, and from which he graduated
in I869.  He then commenced the practice
of homceopathy in Pottsville, from whence,
ARPEL, EDWARD N., M. D. of  after a time, he removed to Shenandoah, Pa.
Shenandoah, Pa., was born in  Here he has established a most excellent and
Reading, Berks county, Pa., Feb- extensive practice, realizing his most sanguine
ruary  2Ist, I840.  Hie is the  expectations.  In February last,-I873,-he
second son of the Rev. M. Harpel, M. D.-  became a member of the State Homceopathic
a man universally revered for his sterling  Society.
principles and deep piety.  His son Edward,   Dr. Harpel is still a young man in years,



202                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP1EDIA  OF
having reached but his thirty-third birthday, education of her children. The subject of
and, endowed as he is, with more than ordi- this sketch was the youngest child.  His
nary talent and ability, and possessing a fer- father intended to bring him up as a farnler,
vent love for his profession, he has before  but the instincts of the boy rebelled against
him the prospect of a brilliant and useful such a career; his ambition led him to desire
future.                                    a wider field for his mental powers. Eventually his father gave way, and reluctantly
allowed him to follow the strong bent of his
AXTER, HARRIS H., M. D., of  nature and forsake the farm. Then the lad
Cleveland, O., was born in Mount devoted himself with untiring industry and
Vernon, O., August 15, I846. enthusiasm to the study of medicine.  Taking
-His father was Dr. John Baxter, it up, in I850, he was enabled to graduate
formerly of New  York, and at one time  with distinction, in 1854.
Professor of Anatomy in the New  York   In the same year, after a course of study
Medical College; an intimate friend of Dr. with Professor B. S. HIill, he removed to ColdJohn F. Gray, and one of the earliest converts  wvater, Mich., where he was one of the pioto homceopathy in this country.            neers of homceopathy.  He attended the first
He attended the public schools in Mount Homceopathic Convention held in the State,
Vernon until his sixteenth year, when he  and his talents received recognition in his apentered the Highland Military Acardemy of  pointment on the committee for framing the
Worcester, Mass., where he graduated in  constitution and by-laws for the convention,
I865, with the rank of captain, the highest together with Dr. Lodge, of Detroit.  In
cadet office in the institution.           Coldwater he was isolated fiom other homceOn leaving school, he entered the office of  opathic physicians, and thrown wholly upon
Dr. G. W. Barnes, and pursued the study of  his own resources.  Under these circumstanmedicine for three years, graduating from  ces his natural self reliance stood him in good
the Cleveland IHomceopathic College in I868. stead, and his zeal and ambition led him to
He formed a partnership with Dr. J. B. Hunt work out alone problems that others enjoyed
at Columbus, O., and entered upon practice. more favorable means of solving. Hle laIn I870, he received the appointment of  bored constantly, and being a keen observer
Professor of Materia Medica in Cleveland. and careful student of nature, discovered seHomceopathic College, and removed to that veral of the indigenous remedies that now
city to enter upon the duties of his office.  hold high rank in our Materia Medica. The
severe discipline of this period of his life developed  an independent habit of thought
which has since been of great service to him.
HITE, WILLIAM  HIANDFORD,    In I86I, Professor G. D. Beebe, of Chicago,
M. D., of New York, was born  having, been commissioned as Brigade Surin Cleveland, O., on March 4th, geon, Dr. White was chosen to occupy the
I834.  His father was a native  chair of Anatomy in the Hahnemann Medical
of Vermont, and served his country in the  College, in that city, thus left vacant.  He
war of I812; was an officer at the battle of filled this position ably for a short time, but
Plattsburg, and was present in all the other becoming infected while dissecting from a
engagements in which the Green Mountain  subject who had died from diphtheria, he lost
Boys participated.  His mother, MaryWhite, his voice, and was compelled to resign. In
was one of the earliest students in the Uni-  I866, he removed to New York, where he
versity at Middlebury; received what was entered into partnership with the eminent
then considered a liberal education, and was physician and author, Dr. E. E. Marcy, an asthereby enabled in later life to superintend the  sociation which has been remarkably fortunate



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layFtb. Co- Fh~-I~lad: — _-:_I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~,
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HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                  203
for both, their practice being more profitable    He subsequently introduced homceopathy
than that of any allopathic firm of physicians  in Girard, Pa., but his health failed after some
in the country, and including a goodly pro- years of arduous labor.  He therefore passed
portion of the best families and most distin- about two years in travel for the re-establishguished citizens of New York.                 ment of his health, and in study to prepare
Dr. White's success has been the legitimate  himself better for resumption of professional
and almost inevitable result of rare natural life.  He attended the College of Physicians
qualities of intellect and character.  He is a  and Surgeons, and BellevueHospital Medical
ceaseless worker, devoted wholly to his pro- College, and occasionally in the New York
fession, and personally very popular with his  Homceopathic College, together with the clipatients.  He has a quick perception of symp- nics of the various hospitals of New  York
toms, perfect coolness and self-possession un-  city.  Being eminently fair-minded and free
der all circumstances; a faculty for rapid and  from professional bigotry, he wished to avail
sure decision in doubtful cases, with a readi- himself of whatever good allopathy can beness for every emergency.                     stow, although a hearty champion of his own
theory.
In I867, he made a permanent location in
La Porte, Ind., and has met with full success.
OBINSON, SAMUEL  ADAMS,  He has a large experience in the diseases of
M.D., of I,a Porte, Ind., was born  this malarious district, and is exceptionally
in Franklin, Venango county, Pa., successful, patients from a great distance freApril 3rd, I838.                  quently applying for treatment of this class of
His father, Rev. John Robinson, was born  complaints so often intractable and persistent
in Virginia, and is of Irish descent, his parents  in the hands of good practitioners.  He has
being the only representatives in America of  done homoeopathy excellent service in this
ancient families long settled in the North of  direction.
Ireland.                                        Dr. Robinson has paid special attention to
His baptismal name, Samuel Adams, is de-  diseases of women, in which he has had
rived from  the maternal side.  His grand-  marked success in the midst of this engrossing
mother, Patty Adams, was born near Boston, general business.  Physicians, who know him
and was a member of the Adams family of  best, think no man in the West prescribes for
Massachusetts, which has produced so many  more patients yearly.
great intellects, and is still a strong stock.    Few men could endure so constant mental
His grandfather, Samuel Plumer, was also of  and physical labor, but his fine elastic constian old Massachusetts family, and emigrated  tution enables hinm to sustain an almost unearly to the then wild West of Pennsylvania, limited demand upon the nervous energies.
and settled near Pittsburg.  He became pos- The most distinguishing characteristic of Dr.
sessed of large tracts of land, and established  Robinson, aside from an enthusiastic love for
a family, which is among the best known in  his profession, is a boundless energy, which
Pennsylvania.                                 has heretofore expended itself in efforts toDr. Robinson was chiefly educated by his  wards practical success.  At thirty-five he has
father, and, showing early a predilection for been able to place himself where we may hope
medicine, began study for his profession at the  he will no longer be so fully immersed in buage of sixteen, and was graduated before he  siness, and  that the  profession will gain
was twenty, from  the Western Homceopathic  through his pen something  from  the rich
College, Cleveland, 0.                        stores of his practical experience.
He entered on practice in Warren, Pa.,    Dr. Robinson married, about ten years ago,
where he was the pioneer of homceopathy, Esther, daughter of Hon. Hiram  Greeley
and established an excellent business.        Butler, of Crawford county, Pa., a cousin of



204                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
the lamented Horace Greeley. They have  many trials and difficulties incident to studentone son. Dr. Robinson is a member of the  life. But nothing daunted, and encouraged
American Institute, the Indiana State Insti- and counselled by his faithful wife, who stood
tute, and a life member of the Hahnemann  bravely by him through all, he at last graSociety. He was also a member of the Wes- duated as a homceopathic physician in New
tern Institute, and its last Corresponding Se- York city, receiving the diploma of the New
cretary.                                   York Homceopathic Medical College, in I86I.
He has refused several professorships, pre-    Receiving his degree, without loss of time
ferring to devote himself wholly to practice.   he located at once in Stamford, Conn., where
In addition to his acknowledged skill and  surrounded by the intelligent and wealthy, he
large experience he has a high sense of per- soon built up an enviable reputation as a pracsonal and professional honor, which renders titioner, in spite of the strongest opposition.
him at once the safe confidant and true friend  After remaining there for four years, he was
of his patients. As a citizen he is enterpris- desirous of entering a larger field, should oping, influential, and respected.           portunity offer, and accordingly left that locality, as well as a host of friends, to take charge
by request of the practice of Dr. D. S. Smith,
MITH, C. CARLETON, M. D., of Chicago, Ills., during his absence in Euof Philadelphia, Pa., was born in  rope.  While there, he was duly elected
Philadelphia, Pa., September 27th, Professor of the Theory and Practice of MeI833.                           dicine in the Hahnemann Medical College of
After receiving a good education, he was that city.
left to his own resources, and thence forward    After building up a large practice in the
was obliged to fight the rest of life's battles " Garden City " amongst the most influential
himself. Those who were most interested in  families, he returned to the East, in I870, and
the young man's future welfare, but who in  took up his abode in his native city, where he
their eagerness failed to observe the bent of now holds the position of Professor of Spehis mind, endeavored to give him a mercan-  cial Pathology and Diagnosis in the Hahnetile education. But this proved a lamentable  mann Medical College of Philadelphia.
failure. The great taste for medicine, which    Dr. Smith is an honorary member of the
he displayed at a remarkably early period of  Homceopathic State Medical Society of Conlife, now asserted itself more strongly than  necticut; and, in March, 1872, he was unaniever, despite the bundles and boxes with  mously elected an honorary member of the
which he was surrounded in his new capacity. Hahnemann Medical Institute of Philadelphia.
Instead of applying himself to the task of    He is one of the editors of the 0Medical
fathoming the mysteries of the dry-goods trade, Inzvestigator, published in Chicago, and has
he was silently engaged in gathering around  been a constant contributor from the beginhim  the various standard medical works of ning, to the leading homceopathic journals
that day, and studying them carefully, as op- throughout the country.  He is a staunch
portunity offered.                         supporter of the principles of the homceopathic
Having thus, as far as his limited means school.
would allow, gained a considerable insight                 ---
into medical literature, he turned his attention
to a full and impartial examination of the pe-      ONES, LEONIDAS M., M. D.,
culiar doctrines of Hahnemann. After care-            of Brooklyn, Mich., was born at
ful deliberation he promptly decided in favor         Painesville, O., on August 24th,
of homceopathy; but this was only the be-             I822.  His parents emigrated to
ginning, as he was obliged to carve out his  Michigan, in the year 1828, when it was
own way, step by step, surrounded by the  sparsely settled territory. His educational ad



5a l C' EhPb i;
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HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           205
vantages, therefore, were  inconsiderable.  1832, its character, and the comparative
He attended the common school of the diS- effects of remedial agents.  He saw homoeotrict, and made the most of his opportunities  pathy and allopathy tried side by side in the
for acquiring knowledge from that source. Park Hospital, and the superior advantages
He received his medical education in Michi- of the former demonstrated beyond all quesgan and in Ohio. Ile attended lectures at tion. Being the first homceopathic practithe Western Homceopatbic College, Cleve- tioner in the State, he gained while quite
land, from which he graduated in I858.     young a large measure of notoriety, and his
After graduating, he practised at Camden, talents becoming known, good prospects
Mich., for some two years, with encouraging  opened before him at home.  He was, howsuccess. Then, desirous of a wider sphere  ever, induced by Drs. J. T. Gray and A.
for his energies, he removed to Brooklyn, in  Girard Hale, to whom he felt greatly indebted
the same State, where he has resided until for his knowledge of homceopathy, to remove
the present time. Being a skilful physician, to Albany, N. V., in 184I. Homceopathy
very attentive to all the requirements of his having been introduced there by two German
profession, and  a warm-hearted, kindly- physicians, Drs. Biegler and Hoffendahl, the
mannered gentleman, lie has won his way to  way to a successful career was opened before
the confidence and esteem of a considerable  him. While residing here he assisted in the
portion of the community, his practice being  organization, in I844, of the American Instinow large and lucrative.                   tute of Homceopathy.  On the formation df
It is worthy of mention that the father of  the New York State Homceopathic Medical
Dr. Jones was a military man, and that he  Society, in 1849, he was elected its first
served as a major in the noted Black Hawk  President.  In the following year, his constiwar of 183I-'32; he was also the founder of  tution showing signs of giving way, he retired
the now  prosperous village of Jonesville, to a home in the suburbs of Newark, leaving
Mich. His mother is yet living, having at- his practice to Dr. Henry D. Paine, who had
tained the venerable age of eighty-three years. been associated with him  for four or five
years.  During this retirement he devoted
much attention to the subject of horticulture,
and especially to the cultivation of the pear,
ARD, ISAAC MOREAU, M. D., upon which he published a series of valuable
of Newark, N. J., was born in  papers.
the village of Bloomfield, a few    In the year I853, he was called to fill the
miles north of Newark, in I8o6. Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women,
After receiving a primary education, he be- and of Medical Jurisprudence, in the Homcame a student in Yale College, from which  ceopathic Medical College of Philadelphia,
he graduated in 1825. Choosing medicine  rendered vacant by the death of Dr. Loomis.
as his life-work, he at once commenced its  He retired in I857, but was recalled to the
study under Dr. David Hossack, and gradu- same position in I859.  He permanently reated from  Rutger's Medical College, New  signed in I86I to aid in the organization of
York, in I829.                             the New  York Homceopathic  College, in
He settled down to practice in Newark, which he accepted the same professorship.
and early secured a large share of the confi- While filling this chair he became interested
dence of the community and his compeers, in the effort to afford women an opportunity
being chosen to high positions in the County -of acquiring a thorough medical education,
and State Medical Societies, and to fill im- out of which arose a medical college for
portant public trusts. One of these was to  women.  He himself drew up the charter,
study and report upon the Asiatic cholera, acted as its Dean, for two years occupied the
when first it appeared in New York city, in  same chair as in other colleges, and during



206                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPI/EDIA OF
one winter added a course of lectures on the  carriage manufactory in the village of Fogelsiractice of medicine.  This action giving  ville, Pa., and in consequence of his careful
offence to some of his colleagues in the New  habits and patient industry, soon succeeded
York Homceopathic College, he resigned his in securing a profitable business.
professorship there, and  shortly afterward    Being studiously inclined, all his leisure
retired altogether from professional teaching. moments sweere spent in the perusal of useful
The patients presented for clinical instruc-  books, and his eager thirst for all useful
tion during these years of service to the pro- knowledge led to his reading several medical
fession —which was in the main without works obtained from the library of his friend,
compensation — gave him  an acquaintance  Dr. Helfrich, which resulted in the developwith the condition of the poor and outcast ment of a fondness for the study of medicine,
ones, that moved his sympathies to devote  and his final determination to adopt it as his
his energies for their amelioration, and led  profession.  Accordingly in the spring of
him into connection with many philanthropic  I862 he entered, as a student, the office of
associations.                               Dr. John HI. Helfrich.  During the winter
At one time he was President of the How- of I862-'63, he attended lectures at the New
ard Mission, one of the Five Points charities, York Medical College, and the next season
and he took a prominent part in the organi- at the Homceopathic Medical College in the
zation of religious meetings and in the estab-  same city.  In the winter of I864-'65, howlishment of homes for the fallen and outcast. ever, he graduated from  the Homoeopathic
Dr. Ward married the eldest daughter of  Medical College of Philadelphia, Pa., and
Willianm  Rankin, of Newark, by whom  he  immediately commenced practice in the vilhas had six children.  Joseph, the eldest of  lage of Fleetwood, Berks county.  Being the
his two sons, graduated in the Philadelphia  first homceopathic physician in that neighborHomceopathic College in I858, and  now  hood, he had the usual strong prejudices to
occupies, in the Homceopathic College, St. overcome; but, strict and careful attention to
Louis, the same chair his father filled in other his business, the exercise of an excellent
institutions for fifteen yeais.              judgment, and a thorough knowledge of the
The crowning, if not the closing work of  specific action of the homoeopathic remedies,
his life, he claims to- be that of seeking, in  have enabled him to obtain a profitable and
association with others from all the different constantly increasing practice.
denominations of Christians, a unity of effort   In I869, Dr. Lentz married Miss Sarah
to promote a higher standard of Christian  IM. Koch, the estimable daughter of Hon.
living among the Lord's people, by an entire  Daniel Koch, formerly of Ausborn, Schuyl
consecration to His service, and a full trust kill county, Pa.
in our Saviour Jesus Christ.
[ 0 ENISON, J. T., M. D., of Fairfield,
ENTZ, L. R., M. D., of Fleetwood,             Conn., was born in I806, and has
Pa., member of the Homceopathic.          spent forty years in the practice
Medical Society of Berks and                of his profession.  I-He enjoyed
Schuylkill counties, was born in  in early life the best advantages for an educaSouth Whitehall township, Lehigh county, tion, and graduated in Yale College in I824,
Pa., December 23d, I836.                    after a thorough course of instruction. As he
At the age of seventeen he was thrown  had manifested early in life a preference for
upon his own resources, and a year afterward  the medical profession, he now turned his
apprenticed himself to learn the trade of car- attention toward the acquisition of a knowriage building.  In  1857, he established a  ledge of it.  He received instruction in its



HOMCEOPATHIC  PIHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                       207
principles, according to the allopathic theories supposed to be in consumption, and was adof that time, and after thoroughly fitting vised by his physician to forsake the workshop
himself for professional duties, he graduated  and try the effect of more active pursuits in
from the Medical Department of Yale Col- the open air. This advice he followed, and
lege in 1827.                            soon became quite strong again. Dr. F. A.
He then commenced a successful practice  Gordon, who had long felt an interest in the
of twenty-five years as aln adherent of the young man, then strongly urged him to comschool in which he had been educated, and mence the study of medicine, and accordingly
about fifteen years since was led to investi- he began reading with the doctor, and contingate and finally to adopt the system of hom- ued with him until he removed to Springfield,
ceopathy, of which he has been to this time a Mass., where he entered the office of his
worthy exponent. He has now, in a measure, wife's uncle, Dr. G. W. Swasey. While
retired from the active duties of his profession, with him he attended lectures at Brunswick,
and having patiently borne the burden and  Me., but finally graduated, March, 1851, at
heat of the day, seeks some rest, hoping to the Homceopathic Medical College of Philalive long enough to see the beneficent means delphia, where he was for a time the pupil
of the rational and scientific method of of Professor Mathews.
Hahnemann recognized and fully adopted by    On receiving his diploma he returned to
the entire profession.                   Massachusetts and commenced a successful
practice in Roxbury. But his feeble health
would not permit of his constant exposure to
the inclement east winds which prevail on
INDSEY, ALBERT, M. D., of our sea-coast, and in 1856 he was compelled
Laconia, N. H., was born in July, to remove inland.
1822, in the town of Wakefield,   In the clear bracing atmosphere of the
N. H., where his grandfather, Dr. New Hampshire hills his health has much
Thomas Lindsey, had been the first resident improved, and through careful attention to his
physician, and was for many years the only physical condition, his capacity for the labors
one in a territory of thirty miles square.  of his profession has so increased that he has
When he was ten years of age the parents been able to again secure a remunerative
of Albert Lindsey removed to Lincoln and practice.
Chester, in the eastern part of Maine, then a
new country. Being a delicate child, subject
to firequent illnesses, his parents declined     EEBE, GAYLORD D., M. D., of
sending him away to school, and. his educa-        Chicago, Ills., was born at Newtion depended, therefore, upon his own boyish      ark, N. Y., May 28th, 1835.
efforts; but being studiously inclined, every      During early life, and until the
moment his health and labors would permit age of seventeen, he remained oil a farm,
was spent with his books.                having the advantages only of an English
At the age of fifteen he was thrown upon  elementary education.  Being denied the
his own resources, and soon after went to facilities he ardently desired, and which could
Bangor, where he learned cabinet-making, have been afforded him by his father, who
and then removed to Newburyport, Mass., was possessed of ample means, he commenced
where hemarried Miss Elizabeth F. Somerby, to supply his mental needs by a course of
niece of Dr. G. W. Swasey. In I846, he self-culture. In themeantime he endeavored
became acquainted with Dr. C. B. Mathews, to earn means by manual labor, to enable
of Philadelphia, Pa., and through him ob- him to enter college, which he did, pursuing
tained his first knowledge of homoeopathy. the Union College course to the junior year.
At this time Mr. Lindsey was an invalid, This was followed by a course of medical



208                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
study in the office of Dr. L. M. Pratt, of  day lie was assured'by Senator Wilson, ChairAlbany, N. Y. Here he also attended the  man of the Military Affairs Committee, that
full course required by the Albany Medical this Committee had decided to recommend
College, but being under age, as well as in  the establishment of a chain of homceopathic
very  straitened  circumstances, could not hospitals in Washington, Baltimore, Philaapply for the degree.  He proceeded to  delphia  and  Pittsburg, also  Cincinnati,
Philadelphia, and after a fulll course, gradu- Louisville and St. Louis; and if the system
ated at the Homceopathic Medical College of  maintained itself in that trial, then to introPennsylvania, on the Ist of March, 1857.    duce it in the field service.  A  few days
At this institution Dr. Beebe was invited  later, finding that Senator Wilson was into become a beneficiary by the Dean of the  fluenced by a large lobby force of allopathic
Faculty, who had learned his pecuniary cir- physicians, Dr. Beebe was not surprised to
cumstances.  But his spirit of independence  find the homceopathic lobby force of one deprompted him to decline the proffered charity, feated. A recognized army surgeon, he was
preferring to pay for what he received. Hayv- ordered away by the Surgeon-General to do
ing availed himself of such hospital and  duty with a brigade under General Hunter
clinical instruction as was accessible in Phil- in Kansas.  Subsequently he was on duty
adelphia, Dr. Beebe proceeded westward and  under General Halleck, and his successor,
located in Chicago, where he commenced the  General Grant, at Corinth, Miss. One propractice of medicine on homceopathic princi- motion followed another, until Dr. Beebe
ples on May Ist, I857. In I858, he was found himself assigned to duty on the staff of
chosen to fill the Chair of Anatomy in the  Major-General Thomas, as Chief Medical
Hahnemnann Medical College of Chicago. Director of the 14th Army Corps.
He accepted, and held the position until the    Dr. Beebe's services during the battle of
breaking out of the war.  Abandoning at. Perryville were commented upon in the most
once a lucrative practice, he proceeded to  flattering terms in the official reports, on file
Washington in answer to an invitation from  in the War Department.  It was strongly
the Secretary of War, and after a thorough  urged by Dr. Beebe that tents to shelter the
examination by the Regular Army Medical wounded, instead of confining them in buildBoard, was commissioned Brigade Surgeon  ings, as was then the custom, would be found
by President Lincoln.  While this appoint- vastly more healthy and comfortable.  In his
ment was pending, he was engaged in an  reports to the War Office, he strongly insisted
earnest effort to secure the recognition of  upon this sanitary movement, and at length
homceopathy. by the Government, and its in- had the satisfaction of witnessing its adoptroduction into the military service.  Blank  tion throughout the army, and, more recently,
petitions were furnished to the medical men  in Europe. This is probably the crowning
of the homceopathic school, and through their achievement of Dr. Beebe's life, judging
co-operation a large number of petitions were  from its effects in the saving of human life.
presented to Congress from all parts of the  In  the official report by Major-General
country. Dr. Beebe remained in Washington  Thomas, of the battle of Murfreesboro', he
and maintained a vigorous lobby force of oane, was specially mentioned  for distinguished
experiencing numerous encouragements and  services on the field. Unremitting labor at
disappointments; one day securing by unan- length prostrated a fine constitution, and Dr.
imous vote of the Cabinet an executive order Beebe was compelled to withdraw from  this
for the equipment of a large homceopathic  field of usefulness and seek rest.  Returning
hospital in Washington, and the day follow- to Chicago, he received the appointment of
ing learning that the Surgeon-General refused  Professor of Surgery in the Homceopathic
to carry out the order until Congress should  College, which position he filled most acceptauthorize it by legislation. On a subsequent ably to all concerned.  In November, I863,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              209
he was married to Mary, daughter of the late  Scotland, by an unsuccessful effort at farming,
Alexander W. Brewster, of Erie, Pa., the  in I838, immigrated with his family to Canresult of which union has been a most happy  ada, and settled in Yorra, county of Oxford,
domestic life and the birth of four children, Ont. Young Logan received his rudimentary
of whom three are living.                  education at the parish schools in Scotland.
The professional life of Dr. Beebe, and his  Soon after his arrival in  Canada, it was
labors in the cause of homceopathy, have been  thought advisable that he should be left in
of incalculable advantage to the profession in  some degree dependant on his own resources.
many important particulars.  In the criti- After an experience of five or six years,
cal operation of ovariotomy he was the first which was not agreeable to his tastes, he
to apply "torsion" to the vessels of the  again became a student, entered the school at
pedicle, and in a series of brilliant and suc- West Yorra, where he assiduously applied
cessful cases demonstrated the value of this himself to the study of the various English
method as a substitute for both the clamp and  branches, for two years, in which he attained
the ligature.  He demonstrated by an opera- a remarkable proficiency.  Subsequently he
tion for strangulated hernia the possibility of  engaged in the study of Latin, under the inremoving without fatal results a considerable  struction of his personal friend, Rev. D.
portion of the human intestines, even with  McDairmid. In, I855, he entered upon the
co-existing pregnancy.  He was the first in  study of medicine, under the direction of his
this country to apply acupressure to the se- cousin, Dr. George Duncan, an allopathic
curing of arteries after surgical operations. physician of Embro, Ont., who, he says,
Dr. Beebe was also the first to urge the  " ground him without mercy on the bones."
employment of chloroform in holding in check  Having acquired sufficient know"ledge of the
puerperal convulsions. In the limited space  principles of homceopathy to convince him
of a mere sketch, the many measures of  that it was the true science of medicine, he
reform and progress in the school of homceo- subsequently entered the office of Dr. Fergupathy introduced and  established by Dr. son, a homceopathist of Woodstock, Ont.,
Beebe can not be given.  His experience  under whom he energetically prosecuted his
presents material for a lengthy biography of studies.  When sufficient preparation had
the most interesting character, and undoubt- been made, he attended the Western Homoeoedly such an one will one day be given to the  pathic College, of Cleveland, O., and from
world.  So much usefulness, ability and  which he was graduated in i86o. He passed
merit cannot surely be confined to the mere  the Canadian Homceopathic Board of Examrecord of a few pages, but as a living exam-  iners the same year, after which he entered
ple of what self-culture, perseverance, the  into practice in Nilestown, Ont., where he
undaunted surmounting of pecuniary difficul- remained about three years, during which
ties, and indefatigable industry can accomplish  time he made many converts from the adherin this life, a full and complete history of his ents of allopathy to the new system.  He
whole career should be published for the  then removed to Bowmansville, where he was
stimulation of the American youth.         the pioneer in homceopathy.  He made a
favorable introduction of the new system by a
series of public lectures, and he succeeded in
establishing a large practice.  Finding the
OGAN, GEORGE, M. D., of Ot- labors of a country practice too severe for the
tawa, Canada, was born at Rose- safety of his health, he removed from thence
hall, Sutherlandshire, Scotland, to the city of Ottawa in I868.
in the year I824.  He is the    During this year he was married to Miss
second son of James Logan, who, after mak- Ellen M. Merrick, second daughter of T. H.
ing a wreck of a small fortune, in Altos, Merrick, Esq., barrister at Merrickville, Ont.
I4



2I0                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
Here he has been the sole representative of became acquainted with Dr. J. I. Lancaster,
homceopathy since the year of his removal. the first homceopathic physician he had met
He has built up an excellent practice, and  in Canada, and being relieved by him of his
his professional labors have been crowned  disease in a short time, entered at once, under
with success. He has studiously avoided  his instruction, into an investigation of the
politics since the commencement of his pro- new system, which he adopted soon after.
fessional career, and so thoroughly attentive  In May, I850, he settled in Paw Paw, Mich.,
has he been to its duties, that he has not been  and was for some time one of the nine physiabsent two months during the whole time.    cians in the whole State practising homceopathy. He soon obtained a large practice,
both of medicine and dentistry (which latter
he had added to his regular business), and is
O'DELL,  REV.  CHARLES  still actively employed in his professional
-  MANN, M. D., of Paw  Paw, duties.  He obtained his degree from  the
Mich., was born in Kingston, Detroit Homceopathic College. In 1832, he
Canada West, on the I4th day of became a member of the Methodist Episcopal
December, I814.  His ancestors were Eng-  Church, and being an active worker in the
lish, and removed to this country prior to the  cause of Christ, was soon after licensed to
revolutionary war.  His father, who was a preach.  He has been preaching for many
farmer, was born il the State of New York. years, and amid all his study and practice,
His mother was a sister to the late Horace  he has been studying and preaching the GosMann. The family being broken up by her pel. He was ordained to the ministry Februdeath when he was but eleven years of age, ary 2ISt, I863.
he went to live with his grandmother, and    Dr. O'Dell is an earnest and conscientious
while there received a common school edu- worker in all his duties, and has met with a
cation. He then worked for some years at a success proportioned to his devotion to his
trade, studying  meanwhile, and  earning  work.
money sufficient to carry out his purposes.                -----
He was married, in February, I838, to
Miss Hannah  R. Tuttle, and has reared quite        ETTIT, THOMAS J., M. D., of
a large family.                                       Fort Plain, Montgomery county,
In I835, he entered the office of Dr. Carter,       N. V.,  commenced  teaching
an allopathic physician of Norwichville, Can-         school in I836, having previously
ada West, and commenced the study of medi- qualified himself for such duties by a thorough
cine, remaining  two  years.  Finding it, course of instruction under competent mashowever, so unscientific and unsatisfactory in  ters. Employing himself in this way first in
its theories, and so uncertain in its means, he  the town of Easton, Washington county, he
sought for some time a better system before  pursued his calling for fifteen years, during
entering into practice, and investigated sue- thpat time giving it his undivided attention.
cessively the botanic and eclectic works on  He then commenced the study of medicine,
theory and practice, and subsequently estab- under the direction of Dr. Mott, of Saratoga
lished himself as an advocate and practitioner county, an allopathic physician, continuing
of the school of the latter.               to teach meanwhile, and remained under inAfter some years spent in the duties he had  struction in this way until I852.  He was
assumed, he was taken very sick, and remain- then led to examine some homceopathic works
ing invalid for a long time, concluded to turn  which had come under his observation, and
his attention to farming and merchandise, perceiving their scientific character, and the
hoping to derive benefit from a change in his advantage over the works he had previously
manner of living. While thus engaged he  read on the application of remedies to dis



HOMCIOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           211
sease, in the directness of their effects, he  basis of practice, received instruction from
entered the office of Drs. Scudder and Sey- him, and afterward from  Dr. Lenstrom, of
mour, of Rome, New York, in order to ob- Cincinnati, who furnished him with some
tain a more perfect knowledge of that way, recent translations that were of great assistand remained with them for two years. Pur- ance in affording him  the much  coveted
suing his investigations with the patient and  knowledge. After further assistance in his
careful attention of a student and teacher, he  course from the celebrated Dr. A. O. Blair,
attended the medical lectures of the Pennsyl- and working hard meantime to enable him
vania I-omceopathic  Medical College, at to pursue his investigations, he commenced
Philadelphia, in 1854. The following year, to practise in 1856, and, though meeting with
he removed to Fort Plain and commenced to  great opposition from the old school physipractise as a homceopathic physician, and  cians, has, step by step, fought his way to a
after a few years completed his collegiate  full vindication of the system of Hahnemann,
course at the  New  York  Homceopathic  and to such success in practice, as to be unMedical College.  For eighteen years, he  able to point out but few persons in the comhas remained at the place of his first settle- munity in which he resides who are unbement, and has sustained well the cause of  lievers in the system he advocates.  He is
rational medicine, meeting with deserved  now above sixty years of age, and, having
success.                                   reaped a good reward of his labor, is only
desirous of seeing a worthy successor to himself well established to gather the fruit of his
OUNG, THOMAS, M. D., of Ga- toil in a large and successful practice.
hanna, Franklin county, O., was
born on the 22d day of February,
I8I i, at Harrisburg, Pa., and
went, when five years of age, with his              XCKETT, GEORGE IIERBEr T,
parents to Chillicothe, crossing the Alle-  k         M. D., of Henniker, Merrimac
ghenies to Pittsburg, and descending the              county, N. H., born at Upper
Ohio in a flat boat.  He received a common            Gilmanton (now Belmont), Belkschool education in Columbus, O., to which  nap county, N. H., January 25th, 1845, is
place his parents removed from Chillicothe  the son of Hon. Charles A. Hackett, notary
after four years' residence, and they both  public and farmer of Belmont.  His parents
dying, he was sent to learn a trade, and was are both living. Until his twelfth year he
thrown on his own resources for support.   attended the common schools, and then enEarnestly desirous of possessing knowledge, tering the Gilmanton Academy, spent six
he spent, for some years, all his leisure  years, reciting during the spring and fall
hours in its acquisition, and finally turned  terms. When in his thirteenth year he comhis attention to the study of medicine, under menced teaching, employing his winters in
the tutorship of an allopathic physician. Be- this work until he reached his twenty-second
ing, however, of logical mind, and desirous year.  His summers were spent in work
of obtaining an explanation of the irregular upon the farm. After leaving school he beand unsystematic prescriptions of his precep- gan the study of medicine at home, under
tor, and being repulsed by him with the as- Dr. D. F. Moore, of Lake Village, N. H.,
sertion, that nol reasons could be given, he  but was obliged to discontinue it for a time
relinquished his studies and  professional on account of his eyes. He then employed
plans, and turned his attention to farming. himself in manual work for two years, in
In I847, he met, for the first, a homeopathic  company with his father; after which he
physician, Dr. Morrill, of Boston, Mass., and  served for one year as an officer of the New
gratified at last in his desires for a scientific  Hampshire State Prison, devoting his leisure



212                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPZEDIA  OF
hours to the study of medicine.  Then ac-    Dr. Hackett became a member of the
cepting  an appointment on the Concord  American Institute of Homceopathy in June,
Railroad, from which he was transferred to  187I.
the Northern New Hampshire Railroad, he 
served the Company faithfully for some time,        ARR, D. T., M. D., of Ludlowand then entered the office of Dr. J. H. Gal-         ville, Tompkins county, N. Y.,
linger, Concord, N. H., as his student, where         was born at Sharon-Springs, Auhe remained for two years, prosecuting his            gust 5th, I812.
preparatory studies in medicine, and then    At sixteen, he went to Auburn and joined
entered the Hahnemann Medical College of his brother in the clothing business, attending
Philadelphia. After attending one full course  at the same time the Auburn Academy.
of lectures at that college, he secured and    Choosing medicine;:s his profession, he
held the position of Clerk in the Second  placed himself under the tuition of Dr. HoAuditor's office of the Treasury Department ratio Robinson, of Auburn. Subsequently he
at Washington, devoting all his leisure time  attended lectures at the Cleveland Homoeopato the earnest study of his chosen profession, thic Medical College, and graduated there in
and practising medicine also among a few  1852. He then returned to Auburn, where he
families whose acquaintance he had made.   practised medicine for about a year. SubseReturning to college at Philadelphia in the  quently he removed to Ludlowville, his preautumn of I870, he attended the full course sent abode, where he has been very successcf lectures, and graduated  the following  fil, securing entire confidence.
spring, receiving his diploma March Ioth,
I87I.  During the month  of November,
I870, he was elected President of the Hahnemann Medical Institute, connected with the          ANSFIELD, WILLIAM  Q., M.
College, to which position he was unani-              D., of Winfield, Kans., was born
mously re-elected, and served in it through          in England, in I819, where he
the remainder of the winter. After gradida-           was educated as an apothecary
tion he returned to New Hampshire, and  and druggist. In the year 1851, he emitook'charge of Dr. Gallinger's practice for a grated to America, and located in Buffalo,
few weeks while he was away on a visit. N. Y. Here he attended three courses of
About the middle of May, I871, he located at lectures, and graduated in I857. For several
Fitchburg, Mass., where he soon had a good  years previous to this he had practised medipractice; but during the spring of I872 he  cine to a considerable extent and with fair
was attacked with a lung fever, which, owing  measure of success.  Homoeopathy he had
to premature efforts to attend to his profes- always considered as one of the greatest
sional work, resulted in a violent cough, delusions of the age.  However, his prejuwhich was followed by raising considerable  dices were removed by a circumstance which
blood.  His health continuing to fail until happened soon after he graduated and in
August, he became so ill that he was forced  connection with his practice, which served
to abandon his practice and return to his to convince him that the delusion existed in
home in New Hampshire. By October his a very different quarter from that which he
health was so far recovered that, naturally  had been taught to believe.  He could not
anxious to resume his duties, in accordance  give much attention to the matter at this
with the advice of his medical attendants, he  time, as the war broke out, and he immedilocated at Henniker, N. II.  The improve- ately decided to participate. Submitting to
ment of his health has been such that he is an examination before the Medical Board
able now to engage in a full country practice, organized by the Surgeon-General at Albany,
in which he has remarkable success.        he received a certificate as full surgeon. Not



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          213
waiting to employ means to secure a com- plain the law of similieia, and draw public atmission, he enlisted as a private in the 92d  tention to the subject. The year following,
Regiment New York Volunteers, then or- Dr. Mansfield moved to Winfield, Kansas,
ganizing at Potsdam, a few weeks after he  situate near the Arkansas river, and within a
was elected captain  of the company, of  few miles of the Indian Territory.  He is
which he was a member, but was induced, now engaged in a flourishing and lucrative
by the earnest solicitation of Colonel Sanford  practice, which brings him in contact with a
commanding, to accept the position of assis- large portion of the community, with whom
tant surgeon. On account of the age and  he is popular, and among whom he has made
infirmity of the surgeon, Dr. Mansfield was many warm friends.
the only medical officer with the regiment
during the first year of its service in the field.
Having served with the regiment to the end          ARVIN, JOHN J., M. D., of Philof its term, in I864, he was promoted sur-            adelphia, Pa., wras born in that
geon, and assigned to the II8th Regiment              city, on June 28th, I8I9.  His
New York Volunteers. This was followed               father, Captain John J. Garvin,
by the appointment of brigade surgeon, was commander of several first-class vessels
which was conferred upon him while serving  in the merchant service, one of which, the
in the trenches before Petersburgh.  In this  "Ohio," sailing between New. Orleans and
capacity, he remained until the organization  Philadelphia, he commanded for many years.
of the Army of the James, when he was de- Being desirous that his son, the subject of
tailed as the surgeon in charge at the cele- this sketch, should become a machinist, he
brated Dutch Gap. On the memorable 3d'placed him, at the age of sixteen, in the esof April, I865, his regiment was among the  tablishment of M. W. Baldwin, of Philadelfirst troops entering Richmond. At the close  phia. The trade, however, proved unconof the war, Dr. Mansfield resumed the prac- genial to the young man, and, having a pretice of medicine, but not the old system. dilection for a seafaring life, he relinquished
Locating in Richmond, he became, uninten- it for that occupation. After making voytionally, identified with the moving incidents  ages to various parts of the world, during
of.that time. He was elected delegate to  which he passed through the several grades
the Philadelphia Convention of I866. He  and attained the rank of captain, he assumed,
was also appointed by the commanding offi- in I852, command of the steamship "State
cer of the district, General Schofield, collector of Georgia," plying between Philadelphia
of taxes and registering officer of the city of  and  Savannah.  In that position he reRichmond, and at the first United States mained until the outbreak  of the war.
District Court, held in that city after the war, When the vessel was purchased by the govby Judge Underwood, Dr. Mansfield was on  ernment in September, I86I, Captain Garvin
the first grand jury ever organized in the  offered his services to the country. They
United States, composed of both white and  were accepted, and in the following October,
colored men. He was subsequently nomin- he was appointed to the command of the
ated for senator on the Republican ticket, United States steam transport " Union," bebut was defeated by a small majority.  This longing to the Quratermaster General's Declosed the political career of the doctor, who, partment. While engaged in carrying supto free himself from  politics entirely, and  plies for  General  Sherman's expedition,
from  politicians, emigrated  West in the  against Port Royal, S. C., the vessel enfall of I869.  He located at Emporia, State  countered and was disabled by a fearful gale.
of Kansas.  Here he published a small To  save his crew, Captain  Garvin was
work, entitled, "IHomceopathy, its History  obliged'to beach her on Bogue Island, N. C.,
and Tendency."  This was designed to ex  where he fell into the enemy's hands, and



214                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
was held a prisoner for ten months in Fort with the conviction that he was called to the
Macon, Raleigh, Salisbury, and Libby pris- ministry.  Yielding to this impression, he
ons. He was exchanged August I7th, I862, abandoned the idea of embracing the mediand appointed captain of the steam transport cal profession, and in 1836, was received
"John Rice," in which position he remained  into the Philadelphia Annual Conference of
until August I5th, I863.                   the M. E. Church, of which body he still
During his maritime life, Captain Garvin  continues a member.
was always provided with a case of homceo-    Medical literature  to  him  had  many
pathic medicines, and while the steamer charms, and he added the study of it to
"State of Georgia" was laid up for repairs, that of theology. The result was a deterin the fall of I857, he entered the Pennsylva- mination to graduate regularly.  He matricnia  Homccopathic Medical College, and  ulated, and after an attendance upon two
completed  that course of study.  Subse- full courses of lectures, he graduated at the
quently he pursued his medical studies in  Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia,
every spare moment, and his gratifying suc- March, I859.  He then determined to access in practising among his passengers and  quire a knowledge of homeopathy so as to
crew increased his desire for proficiency in  judge of the merits of the two schools. By
the profession he had partly adopted. and re- careful study, he succeeded in informing
solved to enter. Accordingly he re-entered  himself upon the chief points of the new
the college in the fall of I863, continued  school.  He was at this time in pastoral
lectures, and graduated with distinction in  charge of a church in Germantown, which
the year following.                        he was compelled to relinquish in conseAfter graduating, he settled down to prac-  quence of bronchial trouble, and the memtice in Philadelphia, and has succeeded in  bers thereof earnestly entreated him to locate
building up an excellent connection. He is' among them  and practise medicine.  He
a very earnest student in his profession, and  had  already embraced homeopathy, and
an unwavering advocate of the superiority of  therefore adopted it as his system of prachomceopathy over the old system.  He has tice. While thus engaged, he was appionted
met with much success in the treatment of  by President Lincoln, chaplain of the Gerdisease, and this, together with his personal mantown Hospital  His homceopathic proqualities, has secured to him the full confi-. clivities aroused the ire of the allopathic
dence of all his patrons.                  physicians, who combined for his removal.
He was afterwards offered a chaplaincy in
Washington, D. C., but declined to accept it,
concluding to continue his profession in GerARSNER, CHARLES, M. D., of  mantown. A  large and lucrative practice
Philadelphia, Pa;, was born in  has rewarded his labors.  He possesses the
Elkton, Md., May 26th, I814. esteem  and love of his numerous patients,
His parents, Daniel and Eleanor who find in him not only an able physician
Fulton Karsner, were born and reared in the  of the body, but often of the soul.  Spiritual
same town. Charles was sent to school at needs he administers to with a gentleness and
an early age. In the Academy of Elkton  Christian charity that makes him welcome at
and in private country schools, he received a the bed-side of the sick, and doubly so at
good English education. At the age of six- that of the dying.  He unites the character
teen, he was placed with Charles Ellis, of  of Christian consoler with that of medical
Philadelphia, to learn the drug business. adviser.
Hlere he continued for five years. In 1832,   Dr. Karsner was married to Miss Lavinia
he joined the M. E. Church, of Philadelphia. Rosalie  Millechop, of Milford, Del., in
Four years after, his mind was impressed  April, I839.  His family consists of four



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                              2r5
sons and one daughter.  Three of the sons             CHENCK, BENJAMIN  BAIRD,
are graduates of medicine.  All four, during            M. D., of Plainville, N. Y., was
the late war, responded to their country's              born  in  Charlestown,  Montcall, and, though in many battles, but one              gomery  country, in  the  same
was wounded.                                State, on  July  20oth, I809.  His father,
Rulof Schenck, of New Jersey, was of illustrious descent, and German extraction.  In
I815, he emigrated into the very wilderness,
ALTERS, REUBEN  WILSON, settling in the most northwestern portion of
M. D., of Chagrin Falls, O., was Onondaga county, accompanied by his wife,
born in Geanga county, in the  a daughter of Major Wm. Baird, and six
same State, on August 22d, 1838. children, to which number five were subseHaving received a good education at high  quently added.  The subject of this sketch
class seminaries, he made choice of the  was the fifth child and second son.  His
medical profession.  After a course of read- early educational advantages were inconsidering, under competent guidance, he attended  able.  At an early age his services were
a first course of lectures (also a summer made useful in clearing the land and working
course) at the Jefferson Medical College of  the farm, his education being obtained at odd
Philadelphia-session of I865-'66.  He at- times in the common or district schools.
tended his second course of lectures at the  Thus his life passed until his twenty-third
Cleveland Medical College (a-lopathic), and  year, when, his health failing, at the urgent
graduated firom  that institution, with much  solicitation of a friend, he entered the private
credit, on February Igth, I867.             school of'T. W. Allis, Skaneateles, in
During the same year that he graduated, November, I832.  He remained there for
his attention was drawn to homceopathy, and  eighteen months, excepting a short period,
a careful examination of its principles, com- during which he taught a district school.
bined with observation of the results obtained In June, I834, he attended Homer Academy
in its practice, caused him  to embrace the  one term; taught a select school during the
system.  Thereupon he introduced it into  winter of I834-' 35, and in the following spring
his practice, and has continued a consistent began the study of medicine, under Jas. IH.
and earnest advocate of its advantages to the  Skinner, M. D., in Plainville, and attended
present time.                               his first course of lectures at the College of
Fe:!ing that he would derive benefit from  Physicians and Surgeons, Fairfield, N. Y.,
a course of study in a homceopathic college, in I835-'36.  In the succeeding spring, he
he entered himself as a student at the Cleve- followed  his preceptor to  Hannibalville,
land Homceopathic Hospital College, from  Oswego county; taught the village or diswhich he, in due time, graduated on Feb- trict school that summer, and in the winter
ruary I2th, I873.  Ile is a member of  attended lectures at the Geneva College, N.
the Ohio State Homceopathic Medical So- Y., taking his final course in the winter of
ciety.                                       I837-'38. Graduated from Geneva College,
At the present, Dr. Walters enjoys a con- on February Ioth, I838.
siderable practice, which has been steadily    He began practice in Plainville, N. Y.,
growing, and which increases in volume and  desiring to be near home, because his health
lucrativeness every day.  This is only a had not greatly improved during the five
natural consequence of the marked ability  years and a half of his pupilage, and his
and care that distinguish, and the large suc- strength being unequal to a large practice.
cess that attends, his treatment.  Personally  He soon monopolized the entire patronage
he is a gentleman of much culture and at- of his vicinity.  In I844, he united with the
tractive manners.                           Christian  Church in that place, and four



2I6                  BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPYEDIA  OF
years subsequently, at the urgent request of ment, of a case which an eminent allopath
his friends, he was ordained a minister of the had pronounced hopeless, drew his attention
Gospel by its Conference. His general health  to the study of that mode of practice. iHe
improving, he preached and practised. As purchased Hahnemann's "Organon," and
he presented the Scriptures in a literal light, was so impressed by its teaching, that he
his early popularity waned, and he was decided to adopt it as his system of practice;
dropped from the list of preachers as " out and after attending three courses of lectures,
of harmony with the Church" by the Confer- he graduated at the Homceopathic Medical
ence, in I852. Some three years previously, College of Philadelphia, in March, I868.
he  had  commenced an examination  of During his studies he made anatomy a spehomceopathy, by reading Hahnemann's " Or- cialty, and at the end of his second course,
ganon," and Hartman's "Acute and Chronic received a fine case of instruments, as a prize
Diseases."  Continuing  his investigations for proficiency. In I87I,he became a mempatiently through I849 and'50, he early, in ber of the American Institute of Homceopathy.
185, adopted homceopathy as his mode of   Dr. Allen has contributed a number of
practice, carrying with him  into the new  excellent articles to the various medical
school all but two of his former patrons. journals, and has now in preparation a work
In 1852, he took his brother-in-law, who had  entitled the " Dissector's Guide."  The plan
been his student for three years, into partner- of the work is quite different from that of
ship, and in two years retired in his favor. any work of the kind heretofore published,
Then he entered into mercantile business, and it will undoubtedly be of much value to
Dut the crisis of I857, and the war, seriously  the young anatomist.
embarrassed him. His brother-in-law having    Dr. Allen is.now located in his native
removed to Memphis, N. Y., he was pre- place, and the extent of his practice seems
vailed upon to resume the practice, which  to indicate that a worthy prophet may somehas continued to grow steadily.          times receive honor even in his own country.
In June, 1838, he married Harriet, daughter
of Capt. R. Sullivan, of Seneca county.
In the militia of the State, he held a lieutenant's commission for four years, and a,     ANCHESTER, CHARLES F., M.
captain's for seven; and was then honorably    A  ~  D., of Pawtucket, R. I., was born
discharged. From  1849 to 1853, he was             in Providence county, of that
postmaster at Plainville; was reappointed on       State, on February  7th, I805.
November 2d, I863, and still holds the  His earlier education completed, he entered
position.                                Brown University, in Providence, R. I., from
which institution he was graduated with distinction, in September, 1825. Commencing
LLEN, RICHARD COX, M. D., then the study of medicine, which he purof Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa., sued with ardor, he entered upon its pracwas born in Frankford, October tice, having received his degree of M. D.
23d, I846.  His father was a from  Cambridge, Mass., in August, I828
soldier, who served with honor in the war He practised allopathy for eleven years. In
of I812.                                 this, he gained a large and valuable experiDr. Allen received his education in the  ence, and won, during those years, many
public schools of Philadelphia, and com- friends, by his faithfulness, skill, and genuine
menced the study of medicine at the early  kindness. In I840, he commenced the pracage of sixteen; he had been a student of tice of homceopathy, which he had conscienallopathy three years, when a remarkable  tiouslyadopted. The confidence of the comcure of diphtheria, under homceopathic treat- munity remained with him in this change,



HOMEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            217
and he is still laboring under the new system, upon  these concientious convictions, he
for the relief of suffering.  He was one of  wholly abandoned the practice of allopathy,
the original founders of the American Insti- and gave his undivided time and attention t'o
tute of Homceopathy..                      the practice of homceopathy, and the promulgation of its truths. After his conversion to
the true faith, he continued in Windham
about three years, sustaining a fair patronage,
l-HITE, NEWELL, M. D., of New  and converting many. In I850, he came to
Castle, Pa., was born in Plain- New Castle, Lawrence county, Pa.  In this
field, Hampshire county, Mass., field he has labored assiduously, and with an
November 3oth, I807.  His  eminent degree of success. He can look
parents were direct descendants of the Pil- back with pride and satisfaction upon the
grims who first settled in New England. He  last twenty-six years of his professional life,
was educated in the schools of his native  and feel that he has not lived and labored in
town, and spent several years in teaching. vain, and his future crowning years are full
Although remarkably successful as a teacher, of promise for himself and homceopathy.
he was not satisfied to make it his life's vocation.  Fond of the pursuit of knowledge, it
had been highly useful to him, in the opportunity it gave, to gratify his taste for study,     MITH, WILLIAM  HENRY, M.
and perfect his education.   Although an              D., of Philadelphia, was born in
honorable and useful calling, still there were        Meriden, Warwickshire,  Engwider fields which he desired and longed to           land, January II, I8II.  His
occupy; and among them  all, there were  father, Captain Thomas Smith, of the British
none which to him presented more or greater army, on General Finch's staff in the Peninattractions, than that of medicine. He there- sular war of ISoI, was wounded at the taking
fore, in I83I, entered upon its study. Passing  of Alexandria, in Egypt, and retired.  He
through his preliminary course, he attended  subsequently took command of the Warwickthe Berkshire Medical College, and graduated  shire Yeomanry Cavalry, which position he
in I834.  During this same year he was filled nearly forty years. He was distinmarried to Miss C. N. Porter, daughter of  guished for his bravery during the Egyptian
the well known  medical practitioner Dr. campaign.  A  sword, a gold medal, and
David Porter, of Worthington, Mass.        other testimonials  presented  by  General
Shortly after his marriage, he located at Finch, and now in possession of his family,
Windham, Portage  county, O., where he  attest the high estimate in which he was held
pursued the practice of his profession, till by his commanding officer. His mother was
I840. At this time he removed to Warren, the daughter of a gmentleman  residing at
Trumbull county, O., where he remained for Fakenham, Norfolk, one of the oldest families
a period of five years, when he was induced  in England.
to return to Windlham.  About this time, his    His education was received in part at the
attention was directed to the subject of ho- Meriden Academy, a very celebrated school
mceopathy.  Giving it the most serious con- in Warwickshire; and was completed at the
sideration, and testing the efficacy of its WVest Bromrich Academy, in Staffordshire,
remedies for a space of two years, with highly  under the patronage of the Earl of Dartmouth.
gratifying results, he was thoroughly con- It was his father's wish, on his leaving school,
vinced that its theory and practice were  that he should enter the army-the Earl of
established upon a true scientific basis, that it Aylesford, a nephew of General Finch, a
overshadowed the old system, and proved it warm personal friend of his father, offering to
to be irrational, and radically wrong. Acting  purchase for him a lieutenant's commission



2I8                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPiEDIA  OF
in the I4th Light Dragoons. He had studied  since which time he has practised steadily
military tactics under his father, and at a and faithfully, as well as successfully.
military school at Weedon. But his mother
objected so strongly to his entering the army,
that he relinquished the plans formed by
himself and others for his advancement in I'      ONNELLY, PETER JOHN, M.
military life, and commenced the study of             D., of Des Moines, Io., was born
medicine under the direction of his brother,          near Carlow, in Ireland, on the
Dr. George Thomas Smith, one of the most              4th  day of July, I8I5.  His
celebrated surgeons of the country.  He at- parents were of the farming and commercial
tended, in London, many of the lectures of  class, and not burdened with any pretensions
Drs. Astley Cooper, Abernethy, Benjamin  to royalty.  He continued under the guarBrodie, and Charles Bell.                  dianship of his mother, who was a lady of
On April 4, I83I, he arrived  in this culture and refinement, and  a firm  and
country, merely on a visit to his brother, devoted  adherent to  the  holy  Catholic
Thomas Moore Smith (named after the poet Church, till he had reached the age of thirMoore, who was an intimate friend of his teen years, when he was transfered to the
father). While here, he attended lectures at care of his uncle, the Rev. Francis Haly,
the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, parish priest of Kilcock, county Kildare, and
and was a pupil of Dr. George McClellan, who was afterward made bishop of the
during I83I-'32, acting as one of his assist- diocese of Kildare and Laugh, for the purants in the cholera hospital during the epi- pose of preparing him for the priesthood, for
demic which prevailed in the latter year.  which holy calling, his mother and fiiends
In IS34, he married Miss Anne Stuart had long intended him, and which they were
McNivin, daughter of Captain  Archibald  desirous to have him  embrace with the zeal
McNivin of the East India service. In I840, and piety appropriate to that high vocation.
after his return from a visit to England, he  But subsequent developments in his youthful
commenced the study of homceopathy with  career, forced his friends to the painful conDr. Gideon Humphrey, an author of some. clusion, that he did not possess enough of the
celebrity, and for many years applied the  spirit, and "sobriety of the Gospel" in fee
homceopathic treatment to diseases of ani- simple, to warrant the assumption that he
mals.  He is believed to have been the first was divinely ordained to save souls.  Since
person in the United States who applied  nature had failed to endow him with a very
homeeopathy in this direction, thereby refut- eminent fitness to administer holy unction to
ing the argument of the old school that it is the souls of dying men, as the next akin, it
the imagination that effects the cure. He  was deemed advisable to put him to the study
had no works to guide him, as at that time  of medicine, thinking, albeit, if he could not
none were published, and he had to practice  save their souls, he might perchance their
by analogy alone. He enjoyed the confidence bodies.
of Drs. Hering, Williams, Ckie, (now of    With this purpose in view, he was sent to
Providence,) Bayard of New York, and many  an academy in Kilcock, where he entered
others, who watched with deep interest his upon the study of Latin, Greek, and other
experiments, and were ever ready to aid him  kindred studies, preparatory to his medical
with their counsel, in  establishing more  course.
firmly, the truth of homceopathy. His success    This was more in accordance with his
has secured many  converts to the new  personal desires and  inclinations, and he
system.                                    entered upon these preliminary studies with
Dr. Smith graduated at the Homceopathic  a new-born zeal and interest.  Here he diliMedical College of Philadelphia, in I864, gently applied himself for three years, when



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           219
he was sent to the College of Tullon, county  of learning, and he came out with flying
Carlow, where he spent three more in the  colors.
prosecution of his classical and mathematical   During this term he employed every spare
studies; attending also lectures on medical hour with his medical studies.  He became
topics. From thence he went to Dublin, and  deeply interested in homeopathy.  He obplaced himself under the instruction of the  tained Jahn's old "Manual," and Dr. Heeminent Dr. Highland, with a view to further ring's " Domestic Practice," together with a
preparations for entering upon his profes- case of one hundred remedies, half-drachm
sional career.  But after spending a short vials, of the thirtieth potency, at a cost of
time in Dublin, the " Divinity that shapes fifty dollars.  After carefully studying the
our ends," drifted him  to America; where, instructions of these venerable teachers, and
in I 833, after a very narrow  escape from  further preparing himself with unremitting
shipwreck, he landed, a green  and unso-  diligence efficiently to enter upon the duties
phisticated Hibernian, bareheaded, without of the medical profession, he commenced the
money and without friends.  Under these  practice of homoeopathy.  About the year
trying circumstances, the conviction was not I863, he removed to Des Moines, Ia., where
slow in dawning upon his mind, that the  his professional labors have been attended
advantages of the past must immediately be  with remarkable success. During his thirtyturned to some practical use.  Seemingly  eight years in the active practice of homceoo
under the inspiration of the advice of the  pathy, he has found it to be indeed a "mullate lamented Horace Greeley to young men, tum in parvo," worthy of, and establishing its
to "go west," young Connelly, during the  highest claims. Thoroughly wedded to his
fall of the same year, turned toward Ohio, profession, he exults that the fabled mustard
where he arrived in a financial condition  seed has grown to be a prolific tree; and,
altogether unenviable.                     " Junius " like, shall be content to rest in the
During the winter he was variously em- shade.
ployed, but the following summer, fortune
wreathed her smiles for him, and he was
engaged as a teacher in the public school.          REYFOGLE, CHARLES WESThis seemed to him a " God-send " indeed;             LEY, M. D., of San Jose, Cal.,
as it relieved him of a drudgery, for which           was born in Columbus, 0., June
neither nature, inclination, nor experience of        7th, I84I. His father was of Gerformer life, had prepared him. He entered  man descent, but native American, and his
upon the duties of this school with the bright mother a direct descendant of the Huguenots.
hope of a glorious success, and a better In I858, he graduated from the High School
future, resolving  to make every effort to  at Columbus, O., and in I862, from the Ohio
please all of his patrons.                 Wesleyan University and the Athenian SoBut alas! at the close of a seven months' ciety, receiving the degrees of A. B., and A.
term, he found that he had not rendered  M.  He then read law in the office of Judge
satisfaction to any of them. He had, how- W. R. Rankin, of Columbus, but, being
ever, fifty dollars in money, and his religious afflicted with amaurosis, he was obliged to
experience epitomized in the " charity that is give up his studies, and for fourteen months
not puffed up."                            he served as captain in the 9th Ohio Volunteer
The next winter he was employed in a  Cavalry, and during the last three months
neighboring district, in Tuscarawas county. was detailed as Judge Advocate of Court
He entered this school, determined first of all Martial, at Nashville, Tenn. His increasing
to please himself, and in so doing, he had  blindness compelled him to leave the army,
the.eminent satisfaction of pleasing his many  and seek medical aid. His case was propatrons, in whose estimation he was a prodigy  nounced hopeless by several allopathic physi



220                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPKEDIA OF
cians and  oculists, but he was, notwith- prosecuting his medical studies.  During his
standing, speedily cured under the  skilful career as teacher he obtained much selfhomceopathic treatment of Drs. Blair, of  taught knowledge of the science of medicine,
Columbus, and Earhart, of Philadelphia, and  and, at the termination of his scholastic
in consequence he was led to study medicine;  engagement, had economized sufficient means
as practised by the homceopaths.  He read  to enable him  to pursue his medical course
medicine with Dr. Blair, and graduated from  under the direction of able and learned prothe Homceopathic Medical College of Penn- fessors.
sylvania, with the class of I866-'67.  He    In I868, he matriculated in the Western
commenced practice at Jeffersonville, Ind., Homceopathic  College  of Cleveland, O.,
but shortly after entered into partnership with  where, after a severe and laborious course of
Dr. Caspari, of Louisville, Ky.  In I869, he  study, he graduated in February of the year
purchased Dr. Caspari's remaining interest,  I870, being then under twenty-two years of
and took his brother, Dr. William L. Brey- age.
fogle, into partnership.  In the fall of I870,   After receiving his diploma, he became
being threatened with Pbthisis, he visited  associated in medical practice with EH. H.
California in hopes of relief; there his health  Jackson, M. D., of Painesville, O., exhibiting
so much improved, that, in December, I872, such decided ability in his profession that his
he disposed of his interest in the Louisville  future success could not fail to be assured.
firm, to Dr. R. W. Pearce, and located in    About this time a favorable opening being
San Jose, the county seat of Santa Clara  offered, by the withdrawal of Dr. J. A.
county. In October, I866, he married Olivia, Partridge of Warren, he removed to that
daughter of Hon. Woods M.abury, of Jeffer- place, where he established himself as a hosonville, Ind.  Dr. Breyfogle has been emi- mceopathic physician, obtaining, in a very
nently successful as a practitioner, and is brief period, by his well known reputation
enthusiastic in his devotion to the cause of  for skill and scientific acquirements, an exhomeopathy.                                 tensive and lucrative practice, which he has
-—, —-                    the satisfaction  of seeing  increase  daily,
through his diligence and constant attention
cDERMOTT, GEORGE CHRIS- to business, especially in the widely spread
ITOPHER, M. D., of Warren, and populous territory in the vicinity of his
Pa., was born at Westminster, present abode.
Middlesex county, Ontario, dom-    On August I4, I872, his happiness was
inion of Canada, July 29th, 1848.   His  crowned by his marriage with Miss Clara J.
parents are of Scotch and  Irish descent, Waters, which union increased his realizahaving immigrated into Canada in the year tion of the stern and imperative duties of
I830.  His father is a highly respectable  married life impelling him, if possible, to
farmer, and gave his son the best education  more strenuous and ardent exertions to attain
the place could afford, at the common school, the brilliant pinnacle of fame, the all absorbing
which however his son afterwards supple- object of the dreams of his youth.
mnented by a course of studies in the higher    Dr. McDermott is to a very great extent a
branches, pursued under guidance of a private  " self-made man," most of his knowledge
tutor, directing his attention, from his natural having been acquired by his own exertions,
predilection, to the mastery of the dead  and exhibits another proof of the truth of the
languages, notably the Greek and Latin.     French proverb, " aide toi el -Diez t'aide'-a."
Early imbued with an ardent desire to  He is still a very young physician, being
become a celebrated physician, he labored as under twenty-five, but, judging from the past,
a school teacher, from the age of seventeen  as far as human prescience can extend, there
to twenty, in order to obtain the means of  is every reason to predict that few years will



IOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           221
have rolled away ere he is entitled to rank  course of medical and surgical study in the
amongst the notables of homceopathy.       office of Dr. William W. Greene, professor in
the Berkshire College, and one of the most
skilful surgeons in the country.
Having enjoyed such ample opportunities
EWIS, GEORGE WVASHING-o
TOEWIS,M.D.of Buffalo N.Y.  of becoming proficient in his profession, he
TONas    D.,n of Buffl, N.,,  determined to commence its practice at once,
n1as  born in  Auburn,  N. Y.,
as   h u, N  Y   and, immediately after receiving his diploma,
March 24tl,  1847. He was eduMarchd, a. when twaedo- established himself at Stillwater, N. Y., where
cated in Pittsfield, Mass., and when twentyt    grad d a. te   he remained for six years doing a profitable
two graduated at the New  business.  His practice was not only extenHe immediately settled in Buffalo, where he
sive but extended, many of his patients
has continued in the practice of homceopathy.
residing at considerable distances from his
A large, constantly increasing, and substantial patronage has rewarded his ~kill and  office, thus obliging him to ride night and day,
tial patronage has rewarded his skill and                         al
in the most inclement weather, over the hills
fidelity, and he is firmly planted in the affec-                            This freand rough roads in that vicinity. This fretionate confidence of the people.  1-le is
remarkable for his independence and origi- quent exposure to the storms of winter and
remarkable for his independence and origithe heats of summer finally preyed upon his
nality, and has never sought influence through   health, which became so impaired  that h
any society or organization; but relying ex-e
any society or organization;  but relying hx-  was reluctantly compelled to relinquish the
elusively      his success in his practice, has  active duties of his profession for a time.
earned the reputation of one of the nmost For the sake of repose, by which to recuperskilful and popular men of his profession. ate his shattered health, he now removed to
His keen discrimination in  diagnosis has
Cohors, N. Y., where he opened a drug
excited the wonder of his friends.
store, doing a good business during the two
Much of the success of Dr. Lewis  may be
years he remained there, at the same time
attributed to his extremely genial manner.
hiperforming the duties of Health Officer and
Carrying sunshine with him  into the sick        Physician.
room, it is thought that his mnirthfulness has
By this time, his health having become
accomplished as much good in many cases as
fully re-established, he eagerly resumed his
his professional skill; his wealth of humoral labors, establishing himself in
professional  labors, establishing himself in
and anecdote being always at his command,.
his present home, at Cambridge, N. ~., in
and used with judgrment.
I870, where he has a good practice, with
every prospect of its largely increasing. He
makes diseases peculiar to women a specialty,
IVER, J. FENIMORE, M. D., treating such cases with remarkable success.
of Cambridge, N. Y., was born  He also officiates as Health Officer in the
at Bethlehem, N. Y., April 2Ist, village where he resides.
I839. After the usual prelimi-    Whilst living in  Stillwater he became
nary instruction, he was sent to the Hudson  acquainted with and married Miss Ada L.
River Institute  and  Claverack  College, Thomas, daughter of Henry B. Thomas,
where he studied during four years, perfect- Esq., of Falls Village, Conn.
ing himself in the knowledge of the higher    Dr. Niver is still a young man, and, in all
branches of a liberal education. He after- probability, his record will be found to lie
wards matriculated in the Berkshire Medical less in his past than in his future, which,
College at Pittsfield, Mass., where he passed  judging from what he has already accomhis examination and graduated in the year plished, bids fair to be a brilliant one. Such,
I862.  Previously, however, to his entering  at any rate, will be the wish of all who have
the latter college, he had followed a thorough  the pleasure of his acquaintance.



222                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
ANDEVILLE, F RED E R I C K  of the Board of Education of the city; and
B., M. D., of Newark, N. J., was was appointed, in I869, to the Chair of Disborn in that city, August i6th, eases of Children and Hygiene, in the New
I839.  His parents were James  York Homceopathic Medical College, which,
C. and Caroline Mandeville, of Orange, N. J. however, he was compelled to decline on
His grandfather,. Giles Mandeville, was the  account of the pressure of his private busifounder of the Orange Library, and for many  ness.  He is a Director in the Humboldt
years a leading literary man of that place. Fire Insurance Company of Newark.  Dr.
His education was received in the old New- Mandeville is married, and until recently an
ark Academy, and in Rutger's College, New  active elder in the Presbyterian Church.
Brunswick, N. J. Leaving the college at the
close of his sophomore year, he entered the
store of L. R. W. Neall & Co. (carriage department), and at the end of his first year was     ARSONS, SCOTT BURRILL, M.
sent by L. R. W. Neall, the assignee of a!           D., of St. Louis, Mo., was born
bankrupt firm, to close up the establishment,!       in Orono, Penobscot county, Me.,
and to represent his interest in it; and was          October IIth, I843.  He is the
afterwards engaged as book-keeper to the  grandson of John Perry and Joseph Parsons,
same house. During all the above time he  two pioneers of Maine and veterans ill the
was engaged in the study of medicine at early struggles of our country.  His father
night, and when, during the day, his time  was Elijah Graves Parsons, a soldier in the
would permit. During his nineteenth year war of Hampden.  He was educated to the
he attended lectures in the New York Hom- practice of medicine in Chicago, under the
ceopathic Medical College, from  which he  guidance of Dr. N. F. Cooke, and graduated
graduated  in  March, I86I.  During the  from the Hahnemann Medical College in that
winters of I86I-'62-'63 he attended lectures city, in I863. Immediately after receiving
at the New York Medical University, from  his degree of Doctor of Medicine, h.e was
which he received a diploma in I863. In  tendered the position of Prosecutor of Anathe fall of i862, he received the appointment. tomy in his Alma Mater, with the privilege
of Medical Cadet United States Army, and  of lecturing twice weekly.  Declining the
was afterwards Acting Assistant Surgeon of  offer, he settled in Sandwich, Ills., but soon
United States Volunteers, and was detailed  left there and went back to Chicago in comfor duty at the Ward United States General pany with his preceptor, where he' shortly
Hospital in Newark, and was afterwards  afterward  received a post-mortem  wound,
promoted to be Assistant Surgeon.  He re- which so affected his health as to oblige him
mained in the United States service eight to go abroad for a time. Visiting Europe, he
months, when he became the assistant and  attended for one year the lectures at King's
afterwards the partner of C. F. Fish, M. D., Hospital College, receiving most valuable
of that city. Dr. Fish leaving the city at the  information from the able lecturers in that
expiration of a year, he continued the prac  institution, and especially from  Sir William
tice of hommeopathy with such success that he  Ferguson, the able and  eminent English
was compelled by the rapid increase of busi- surgeon.
ness, in I87I, to take as a partner Dr. An-    Returning to America, he immediately setdrews of Cincinnati.                       tled in St. Louis, and took charge of a free
He has been President of the New Jersey  dispensary; continuing in that capacity for
State Medical Society; was, with Dr. Youlin, two years.
chiefly instrumental in obtaining a liberal   Though but thirty years of age, he has
charter for the society; has been President of been Demonstrator of Anatomy, Iecturer on
the District Society three times; is a member Comparative Anatomy, Professor of Anatomy



HOMCEOPATHIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          223
and Professor of Surgery in the Homceopathic  cation.  And by teaching  school in the
Medical College of Missouri, in each of  winter and working atfarmling-often sixteen
which positions he has given  unbounded  hours a day-in summer, and occupying his
satisfaction to both the faculty of the college  leisure hours in study, he fitted himself for
and the students.  He is now devoting his  college, and entered at Waterville, Me., at
whole energies to the study of surgery, in- the age of twenty-one.  He managed, by
tending to follow its practice exclusively.  teaching school a portion of each year, to
work his way through college and keep up
with his class, graduating in the first grade in
1848; and this, notwithstanding an absence
TARKEY, G. R., M. D., of Phila- of six months in his senior year, during which
delphia, was born in Vassalboro', he was employed by his first Alma Mater, in
Kennebec county, Me., June 2d, Providence, as teacher of the classics and
1823.  His parents belonged to  higher mathematics.
the Society of Friends.  His father died in    Leaving college with health  somewhat
1825, a victim, if not to what is called the  impaired by the combined weight of study
" regular " practice, yet to one of those mis- and work, he passed two years in the family
takes incidental to the allopathic system, and  of his cousin, E. A. Brackett, the sculptor,
of not infrequent occurrence.  For some  recruiting his health and assisting Mr. Brackslight illness a dose of magnesie sulp. (Ep- ett in his art.
som salts) was prescribed, and potas. nitr.   Soon after this, he commenced the study
(saltpetre) was received and taken instead. of medicine, and graduated at the HomceoHis mother, after a second marriage, died  pathic Medical College of Pennsylvania in
when he was twelve years old.              I855. He then commenced practice in ReadLike the early years of most New England  ing, Pa., where he remained nearly two years,
boys, those of Dr. Starkey were years of rough  having, at the time he left, one hundred and
and hard work.  From the time he was able  fifty families on his visiting list.  In January,
to lift a hoe until he was fourteen years old, I857, he removed to Philadelphia, and the
he was obliged to labor regularly upon a following year succeeded to the practice of
farm with "the field hands," and often con- Dr. S. R. Dubs, who thereupon retired.
siderably beyond his strength-for he inher-   In June, I86o, Dr. Starkey was elected to
iteda delicate physique. Buthe also inherited  the Chair of Anatomy in the Homceopathic
a deep thirst for knowledge; and at the age  Medical College of Pennsylvania; and the
of fourteen, a benevolent Quaker lady, who  year following was called to the Chair of
knew of his eagerness to obtain an education, Surgery in the same institution. This chair
succeeded in interesting in his behalf Anna  he filled to the satisfaction of the several
B. Jenkins, daughter of Moses Brown, a very  classes for four successive years.
wealthy citizen of Providence, R. I.  This    Early in I869, Dr. Starkey found that his
was at the Friends' "- Yearly Meeting," at professional labors were steadily impairing
Newport, in I837. Mrs. Jenkins, with a dis- the vigor of his constitution, never very rointerestedness as beautiful as it is rare, made  bust. About this time, too, his attention was
him  her ward and protege at the famous  called to the compound oxygen gas treatment,
" Friends' Boarding School" in Providence, by some remarkable cases of cure which
providing while there for all his wants. accidentally came under his notice. lie was
Here he remained two years, passing credit- led to investigate this new agent, and the
ably through the entire curriculum  of the  result of the investigation was, that in Octoschool-the classics only excepted.         ber of the same year he adopted this treatHe then returned to his native State with  ment (the compound oxygen) as a specialty
an increased desire for a more extended edu- for the cure of chronic diseases; relinquishing



224                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPiEDIA OF
his general practice, which, at that time, was grandfather, Judge Way, in the suburbs of
larger than at any previous period.  During  the city.  On attaining his majority, he enthe last four years he has been actively and  tered into mercantile puisuits, and during the
successfully engaged in administering this  time thus engaged, he was for years a sufferer
new  agent; in developing its remarkable  from  asthma to such a degree as to almost
resources; in writing and publishing exposi- incapacitate him for any active business, and
tions of its action, and in clinical records and  several times his life was despaired of. After
testimonials of cures performed by it; and  years of treatment after the manner of the
through his extensive correspondence, this  allopathic and Thompsonian practice, he as a
practice has now'become known in nearly  last resort had  recourse  to  homceopathy,
every part of our country.                  which, in the course of six to nine months,
Although Dr. Starkey regards the com- proved so beneficial, as to awaken in him a
pound oxygen as a desideratum  in every  determination to become a disciple of Hahnesystem of medical practice for the treatment mann.  In accordance with this desire, he
of a large class of chrolznic cases, his faith in  became a student of the distinguished Dr. T.
homeopathy as the one system of medication  C. Gonwisch, the pioneer of homceopathic
is yet unimpaired, as is proved by his daily  practice in Wilmington, Del.  After a thoradministration of its remedies.  He regards  ough course of instruction, he matriculated at
the new agent-from  whose administration  the Jefferson College of Philadelphia, and
he has witnessed such astonishing results-as  graduated  in  the Western  Homceopathic
only a system  of wonderful hygiene; and  Medical College of Cleveland, O., in I86o.
while he thinks it worthy to stand at the right For many years he has been a patient practihand of every practitioner, it does not and  tioner of the healing art, and a genuine
can not come in conflict with any system of  homceopathist; and by his candor and unitherapeutics.                               form kindness of manner to his patients, as
In I852, Dr. Starkey was married to Miss  well as by his faithful attention, he has won
Caira Skelton, of Lexington, Mass., and is the confidence and the respect of the comnow the father of six children-two sons and  munity in which he lives.  He is a member
four daughters.  Though staunchly republi- of the American Institute of Homceopathy.
can and patriotic, he has never taken an
active interest in politics. Like many other
distinguished homoeopaths, he accepts Emanuel Swedenborg as the most advanced and               ICOLAY, WILLIAM  J., M. D.,
luminous writer on theology that has yet                of Minier, Ills., was born  in
appeared, and is a member of the New (or                Somerset county, Pa., May 3Ist,
Swedenborgian) Church.  He is a gentleman               I835.  His early education was
of refined tastes and feelings, of sterling in- received in the common and normal schools
tegrity, fine social qualities, and highly es- of his native county, with such profitable
teemed both as a man and physician by all results, that, at the age of eighteen, he was
who know him.                                qualified to assume the position of a teacherl,
which he occupied for several years. Ablout
the year 1859, his mind being forcibly attracted to the study of medicine, he procured
HOMAS, WILLIAM  WAY, M. some text-books of the  different schools,
D., of Wilmington, Del., was  which he studied during his leisure hours,
born in Delaware.  He received  with a view to satisfy his mind as to the
his literary  education  in Wil-  merits of the rival theories, examining them
mington.  Left an orphan at an early age, he  all with unbiased impartiality.  His studies
passed his youth at the residence of his and investigations resulted in his entering the



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HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           225
Eclectic Medical College of Philadelphia, in  -the allopathic, the eclectic, and the hornthe winter of I86I, remaining there until the  ceopathic —and it is but just to assume that,
close of the spring session, when he resumed  in his judgment at least, the claims of the last
his occupation as school teacher, continuing, are paramount to those of the other two.
however, his medical studies during his
leisure hours, as before.
Three years subsequently he entered the
office of Dr. Enos Holmes, a prominent allo-        ENNET,  GEORGE  IH EN R Y
pathic physician of Hillsboro, O., which gave         ROBINS, M. D., of Brooklyn,
him the advantage of comparing that system            N. Y., was born in that city on
with the eclectic, and, in July of the follow-        July I5th, I837. He is the son
ing year, established himself in local practice  of Dr. George J. Bennet, of the same place,
in Russell, O., still guided by the advice of  at the present time a practising physician.
his former preceptor; in the meantime having  He received a sound and liberal education at
married Miss Mary Ethel Shannon, of Bloom- private schools in his native city, and, electington, Ills.                              ing to follow in his father's footsteps, began
Two years passed away in this manner, the study of medicine in his father's office in
when he determined  to pursue a second  I856. He attended lectures attheNew York
course of lectures, entering the Eclectic Med- University, and graduated with distinction
ical Institute of Cincinnati, O., from which  from that institution in I86o. A year or so
institution he received his diploma May 28th, afterwards he commenced practice in Brooki866.                                     lyn, and has continued one of the physicians
Whilst at Cincinnati a circumstance oc- of that city to the present time.
curred which changed the current of his after   In the year I862, he was appointed House
life. It was his good fortune to have for a  Surgeon of the Brooklyn Medical and Surgiroom companion a student of homceopathy. cal Institute, a chartered institution, now no
Although having already regarded that sys- longer in existence, which was principally
tem  favorably, he was not sufficiently ac- under the supervision of Dr. Louis Zaner, a
quainted with it to decide upon its merits; German surgeon of considerable eminence,
but his frequent conversations with his ne'w  and author of a work on orthopcedic surgery.
friend, and the study of his books, opened  That position he held for two years, and durhis eyes to the light, convinced him  that ing that time he assisted at all Dr. Zaner's
homoeopathy is the only true system extant.   operations, both those in the hospital, which
He became a sincere convert, commencing  were numerous, and also those in his private
on his return home to administer the reme- practice.  In this manner, and from having
dies prescribed by the new science.  Finding  all the hospital cases, both surgical and medthat this method of treatment produced far ical, he was enabled to obtain a very varied
more satisfactory results than the old one, he  and valuable experience, which has proved
could no longer conscientiously practise allo- of the greatest service in his subsequent pracpathy; abandoning it entirely for the new  tice.
system, to which he gave his whole attention.    In the summer of I868, he was induced to
In the fall of I867 he removed from Rus- investigate homeopathy, to which he had
sell, and, in the beginning of I868, wve find  formerly been bitterly opposed.  After many
him established in Minier, Tazewell county, trials and much careful study, he became
Ills. He has always enjoyed a good practice, convinced of the truth of the principles upon
but during the last five years it has astonish- which the system of homceopathy is founded,
tngly increased.                           and without the least hesitation, although the
Dr. Nicolay has impartially investigated  step cost him  much unpleasantness at the
the theories of the three schools of medicine  hands of some of his friends, he openly
15



226                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
avowed his belief, and has practised accord- which lasted about a year. This sojourn she
ing to its teachings ever since. Year by year turned to advantage by making herself tolerahis experience confirms him more strongly in  bly acquainted with the theory and practice
the homoeopathic faith.                    of homoeopathy.
On the outbreak of the rebellion, he joined    On returning home, in I844, she resumed
the 23rd Regiment National Guards, State of her duties as school-teacher, continuing them
New York, as Assistant Surgeon, and served  till her marriage with Mr. Moffit, in 1846.
in that capacity for a little more then seven  For nine years she lived happily with her husyears, participating in the campaign of the  band on a farm; but his failing health comNew York Militia, for the defence of Harris- pelled him to exchange agricultural for merburg. At present, Dr. Bennet is an honorary  cantile pursuits, till I857, when he was remember of the regiment,' and also a member moved by death.
of its Veteran Association.                  It is said that "misfortunes never come
He has never taken any active part in poli- singly."  This at least was the widow's extics, nor has he sought public positions of any  perience, for the financial crisis of that year
kind.  He is thoroughly engrossed with his swept over the West with alarming severity;
profession, which commands his enthusiasm  the most solid mercantile houses were shaken,
as much now  as in his student days.  His and the feebler ones overwhelmed.  In the
scrupulous care of the smallest detail of any  general wreck, Mrs. Moffit lost the bulk of
case he undertakes, his skill, his gentleness, her property, finding herself a widow almost
and cheerful disposition, are among the chief  destitute of resources, with five small children
qualities that have gained him the large and  dependent on her for support, whose delicate
lucrative practice he now enjoys.          health demanded better treatment than could
be found in the place.
The situation would have tried the nerve
and courage of the boldest, but she bravely
OFFIT, MRS. ELIZABETH, of met it. She called to mind her partial studies
Chillicothe, Ills., was born at of homceopathy at Chicago, and resolved to
Chillicothe, O., June 23rd, 1815. turn them  to advantage.  She earnestly reHer father removed from  his sumed its study, beginning with  domestic
native State (Connecticut) to Ohio, and died  works, and proceeding with those of a more
when she was very young.                   advanced character, thus obtaining a knowHer primary education was limited to what ledge of the science, sufficient to entitle her to
knowledge she could obtain in the common  a degree of M. D.
district schools; but, her mother being mar-    There being no homoeopathic physician in
ried again to D. W. Bates, of Massachusetts  the place, she opened a depot fbr the sale of
-a  graduate of Harvard  University-she  books, cases, medicines, etc., at the same time
found in her stepfather a kind and efficient practising in the town. She soon built up a
tutor, who did all in his power to remedy the  fair trade, which was increasing when, during
defects of her early instruction, by imparting  the war, she was notified to take out a governto her a great amount of knowledge and  ment license. The expense of this being too
learning, of which she would otherwise have  great, she abandoned that branch of her busibeen deprived.                             ness, confining herself in future to the pracIn I837, she removed with her family to  tice of homceopathy, which she has continued
Marshall county, Ills., where she engaged as ever since with great ability and well merited
a school-teacher, which occupation she fol- success.
lowed for five years. In 1843, she had an    It is impossible to accord toomuch praise
opportunity of enlarging her knowledge of  to Mrs. Moffit for the self-devotion, energy,
the world by a visit she made to Chicago, and ability, she-has displayed in extricating



HOXMEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          227
herself from the serious difficulties surround- place him at the head of the profession in the
ing her at the death of her husband, and the  locality where he resides.
cheerful uncomplaining spirit in which she    It is to be hoped that, having now fully rehas confronted the hardships and toils of her sumed practice after a temporary respite, he
adopted profession. The cause of homceopa- will take an active part in the legislative and
thy may well be proud to have such disciples  administrative functions of the school, to
enrolled in its ranks.                     which he so ardently belongs, and for which
he is so well fitted by education and experience.
The career of Dr. Couch is a brilliant one
OUCH, ASA S., M. D., of Fredo- and replete with instruction, affording an innia, N. Y., was born in Westfield, centive to the ambition of all aspirants to meN. Y., October 22nd, I833.      dical fame; we trust, however, he will reAfter having received a tho- member that the pen is mightier than the
rough academic education, he entered upon  sword, and use the vigorous one, which we
the study of medicine in the year I852.    know he can so well wield, more frequently
In the succeeding autumn he attended a to combat the errors of the past, and strive
full course of lectures in the Berkshire Medi- for the advancement of the great cause of hocal College at Pittsfield, Mass., and, in the  mceopathy, of which he has shown himself
following year, a similar course in the Homce- so warm an advocate.
opathic Medical College of Pennsylvania,
from  which  institution he graduated with
honor, in the spring of I855.
In June of the same year, he received the I       ENYON, LORENZO  M., M. D.,
appointment of Demonstrator of Anatomy in             of Buffalo, N. Y., was born in
his Alma Mater, and also that of Assistant            Sheridan. Chautauqua county, N.
Surgeon in the same college, which positions,         Y., March I8th, I82I. He rethough very young, he filled with credit to  ceived a good English education in the Acahimself and satisfaction to all concerned.  demy at Jamestown, N. Y., and immediately
This appointment afforded him another full on leaving school, in I836, commenced the
course of homceopathic study and instruction, study of medicine with Samuel Forte, jr.,
and an opportunity, of which he gladly availed  M. D., and attended his first course of lectures
himself, to attend clinical lectures in the hos- at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of
pitals of Philadelphia.                    Western New York, at Fairfield, in the winIn February, I86i, the subject of our sketch  ter of I838-'39. His second course was at
took an active and prominent part in the re- the Albany Medical College, in I843-'44.
organizing  of the  Homceopathic Medical He commenced practice at Youngsville, Pa.,
Society of New York, being elected and ap- March I845, and, on January Ist, I846, repointed to many important positions in its moved to Westfield, N. Y. Mrs. Kenyon
management, and, in I863, he was tendered, being very ill, and given up by her husband
but declined, a professorship in the New York  and his partner, Dr. C. Jones, of Westfield,
Homceopathic Medical College.              she was restored to health by the treatment
In many respects Dr. Couch is entitled to  of Dr. W. G. Wolcott, a homoeopathic physirank with the most noted practitioners of our cian. On June Ist, I846, he commenced the
school. The character of his contributions to  practice of homeeopathy, and continued it
its literature-which unfortunately have hith- there until his removal, in I856. During the
erto been but too few-his wonderful skill as years I854-'55, he was postmaster at Westa diagnostician, and his thorough knowledge, field. Removing to Buffalo, July Ist, 1856,
of the Materia Medica have all conspired to  he practised in partnership with N. H. War






L    C j Flay    u\, Co Cohila. 



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           229
loss of memory made his way to New York, county, O., and had greater success than many
where in the house of his brother-in-law and  of the older and more experienced physicians.
at death's door he received the attention of In the winter of I86o, he removed to WarDrs. Marcy and Lean, and the careful nursing  rensburg, Johnson county, Mo., and was comof his wife till his recovery.  Soon after he  compelled to return to Ohio, in the fall of
resumed practice in Poughkeepsie, establish-  I86I. In conversation with Drs. D. H. Becking the Poughkeepsie Homceopathic Dispen- with and Stanley, hie was led to give to hosary, in which he was aided by Dr. Hubbard. mceopathy the attention which it merits. ProIn I867, he was induced to take the chair curing Hempel's and Hahnemann's "Materih
of Professor of Diseases of Women and Chil- Medica," and several works on medical pracdlen in the Medical College for Women in  tice, he studied them  very thoroughly for
New  York city. Remaining here through  eighteen months.  lie then located at St.
one term, and opposing the action of the  Mary's, October 6th, I863, since which time
Board in granting diplomas to some members he has practised homceopathy exclusively,
of the class, he commenced practice in New  and has, in his great success, won a signal
York, making a specialty of the treatment of  triumph over allopathy. Homceopathy is now
diseases of women, using hydropathic appli- a fixed system in the community, too firmly
cations in connection with homceopathic treat- rooted to be easily removed.  He graduated
ment.  He is the inventor of the Anatomical at the Homoeopathic Hospital College, in
Pelvic Pessary, and of a suspensory bandage. 187I.  He has refused all offers for political
advancement; but has served in the most
prominent offices in the Masonic lodges. His
strict devotion to business, and his skill and
i A MMIS FA R, CHARLES  WIL- success in practice, have opened the door to
LIAM, M. D., of St. Mary's, O., a large and enviable career of usefulness on
was born in Perry county, O., which he has entered.
May 26th, 1829. His father came
from Prussia when in his eighth year.  His
mother, born in Pennsylvania, is of English
parentage.  His early  education was con-           EICK, JOHN  MICHAEL, M.D.,
ducted in the dictrict schools, and then at           of Philadelphia, Pa., was born in
Mason's High  School in Somerset, Perry               Rhodt, Rhenish Bavaria, on Jancounty, 0.  His father was both farmer and            uary 6th, I803. His father and
merchant; and he, as a means of pleasure and  his grandfather were physicians and surgeons,
profit, used to drive fat cattle to the eastern  so that he inherited a taste for medicine as a
markets for several years.  He was reared on  profession.  He obtained his early literary
a farm until the year 1854, and then went to  education from  a clergyman.  Subsequently
the city of Circleville, Pickaway county, O., he became a student in the classical school at
where he studied law with Messrs. Page and  Speyer, but in consequence of the death of
Renick for two years. Not altogether satis- his father, he had to discontinue his literary
fled with law, he decided upon the medical studies, and to choose a profession, offering a
profession, believing that to be his destination. more immediate prospect of an income. He
When a boy, he had learned much of medi- accordingly devoted himself to the study of
cine from an uncle, who was a botanical phy- medicine, for the first two years under the
sician. On November 2oth, I855, he was supervision of Dr. Kcenig, at Edenkoben,
married; and with the knowledge of anatomy  then at the University of Heidelberg, and
and  medicine in its various departments, later at the Surgical School at Bamberg, where,
which he had already acquired, he commenced  after a three years' course, he graduated in
the practice of allopathy in Hopewell, Perry  I828.



230                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
Soon after obtaining his degree, he began  hour by devoting them  to study. He then
to practise at Ohrenback, in the province of  entered the office of Dr. S. C. Warren, of
Middle Franconia, Bavaria, and continued to  Otego village, and after benefiting by his tuilabor as an allopathic physician for eighteen  tion for a while, he proceeded to Philadelphia.
years.                                     There he attended two full courses at the
His interest in homceopathy was first aroused  Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylby the reading of periodicals, and especially  vania, and graduated on March 7th, I86o.
of a call published by Dr. C. Hering in the   -He entered upon his professional career,
A4Zlg-ezzeine Reichsanzzeiffe, persuading German  soon after, in the village of Butternuts, Otsego
physicians to emigrate to America, and to  county, and remained there for three years.
study homceopathy in the German language. Then he removed to Middlefield, in the same
He determined to investigate the system, and  county, and acquired and sustained a large
this investigation resulted in his conviction of  practice for something over nine years. On
its truth. Thereupon he resolved to emigrate  September Ioth, 1872, he was induced to take
with his wife and three children to the United  up his residence in Cooperstown, N.Y., where
States. In accordance with this resolution he  he has already established a large and lucraarrived in Philadelphia on July 13th, I847. tive practice, and intends to make it his perHe then set earnestly to the study of homce- manent home.
opathy under the guidance of Dr. Alleborn,   Dr. Warren has his whole heart in his proof Philadelphia, with whom he remained for fession, and confines his attention  strictly
four years. At the expiration of that period  thereto. He continues a close student, and,
he proceeded to a German colony in Clayton  being a man of progressive ideas, he neglects
county, Iowa, where he first entered upon ho- no opportunity to prove for himself the value
mceopathic practice.  Dissatisfied with the  of any new  discovery.  His irreproachable
state of affairs in the colony, he returned to  private character and conscientious regard of
Philadelphia, in I852, and has continued to  all the claims made upon him as a citizen and
reside in that city up to the present time.  a physician ha.ve secured him the high esteem
Dr. Weick is a thoroughly accomplished  of every community in which he has resided.
physician, deeply read in the literature of medicine, and experienced in its practice.  He
is. also possessed in large degree of the personal qualities that should supplement such I      -ANDON, REUBEN B., M. D., of
knowledge and experience.  He therefore               Fredolia, N. Y., was born  in
commands the respect of his fellow-practitio-         Chautauqua county, N. Y., on
ners, and the confidence of his patients.             September Ist, I82I.  Of his
early days and school education we have no
record.  His medical education was acquired
at the Rush Medical College, Chicago, Ills.,
ARREN, ERASTUS  B., M. D.  and in the medical department of the Uniof Cooperstown, N. Y., was born  versity of Indiana.  He served in the Mexiin Otsego, in that State, on August can war as Captain, Company B, Ist Illinois
8th, I830. His parents gave him  Volunteers. At the close of his military life,
an ordinary primary education, but, being  he commenced the practice of medicine in
thrown upon his own resources at the age of the State of Illinois.  In I85o, he removed
thirteen, he acquired his literary and profes- to Mochison county, N. Y., thence to Oneida
sional training by his own unaided efforts. county, N. Y. In these adjoining counties
Until about his twenty-fifth year, he lived in  he continued the practice of medicine. In
Otsego county upon a farm, working for his  I857, he witnessed the action of one dose of
living, and improving every leisure day or opium  6th, which, with  after experiments,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           23I
converted him  entirely to homceopathy.  In  vinced him  that the system of Hahnemann
August, I86I, he received a commission of  was superior to the allopathic, which accordLieutenant in the 44th Regiment New York  ingly he abandoned. In this change he was
Volunteers, in which capacity he served one  followed by his patients almost without excepyear, when he was discharged on account of tion-so great was their confidence in him  as
disability.  He entered the medical depart- a man a.nd physician.
ment the ensuing fall, and continued therein    While giving close attention to his practice,
during the remainder of the war. After the  Dr. Spencer has found time for other pursuits.
mustering out of the troops, he returned to  He is the inventor of the art of printing burFredonia, N. Y., and resumed the practice of laps for use as carpets, this manufacture supmedicine.                                  plementing the common and cheaper grades
Dr. Landon was married to Mary A. Loo- of carpets with a much more elegant and
mis, of Chicago, Ills., in I847, with whom he  tasteful article.  These matters are, however,
lived happily twelve years.  She died in  extraneous and recreative.  His heart is in
I859, and, in i866, he married Elizabeth  his profession, in which he has gained an enTaylor, M. D., a graduate of a New England  viable reputation.  He is specially skilled in
female medical college, located at Boston, obstetrical cases, and only his reticence and
Mass.                                      modesty have prevented him from becoming
Dr, Landon is an honorary member of the  extensively known in the schools.
Oneida County Homceopathic Medical Society.
URGHER, JOHN  C., M. D., of
THPORNE, M. D., of Philadel-                   hain, Portage county, O., Novem
phia, Pa., was born in Manches-            ber Ist, 1822. Having pursued
ter, England, March 6th, 1825. his preparatory studies in the public schools
Although English by birth, he is American  and the academy, and, while yet in his minoby residence and education, his parents re- rity, he commenced the profession of a teacher,
moving to this country when he was only six  which he followed for about eleven years —
months old. His father established at Ger- nine of them in Pittsburgh and vicinity. While
mantown, in Philadelphia, the first calico  engaged in teaching, he occasionally delivered
printing works in the United States.       lectures on temperance and educational topics,
In early life, Dr. Spencer attended the clas- in which he acquitted himself with entire
sical school of the Rev. Dr. Mann, at Attle- success. He was an active member of the
boro', Pa., from whence he went to Dickenson   Allegheny County Traders' Association, of
College. On graduating, he became engaged  which he served as Secretary for several years.
in the manufacture of drugs, in Philadelphia. On his resignation he was unanimously elected
His business was successful, but not accordant an honorary member.  Having already made
with his tastes; and devoting himself to the  considerable progress in the study of medistutly of medicine, he graduated fiom  the  cine under Dr. D. M. Dake, he became, in
Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, in  I85I, a student of Dr. J. P. Dake, and, in
1847, and then, for nearly fourteen years, was  1853, attended a full course of lectures in the
busy with a large and exacting practice as a  Medical College of Geneva, N. Y., and in
physician.  Some cures effected by homce- the autumn of that year matriculated at the
opathic physicians, of which he was cogni- Homeeopathic Medical College of Pennsylzant, directed his attention to that system. At vania, graduating  in the spring of 1854.
first, he deemed these cures merely fortuitous, Then entering into partnership with Dr. J. P.
but a careful and prolonged investigation con- Dake for three years, he continued his medi



232                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPREDIA  OF
cal labors with him  until April Ist, I857, which he continued, with very good success,
when he opened an office of his own, and  until I870, when he removed to Alton, Ill.
entered upon a career of usefulness and suc-  He did not remain here long, but after a few
cess, which attest his ability in his profession. months' experience returned to his first field
Ont May 5th, I857, he was married to Miss of labor. In Buffalo, he has built up a large
Esther Rutherford.  He was the first to  and remunerative practice, the demands of
propose the organization of the Homoeopa- which he fulfils promptly and unceasingly,
thic Medical Society of Allegheny City, and  although his constitution is not strong, and
to him its promotion was largely due. It is he often feels the need of entire rest from his
the oldest society of the sort in Pennsylvania. labors.  Dr. Hinkly is strictly homceopathic
He served as its president during three suc- in his practice.  His own abiding faith in
cessive terms.  He is a life member of the  the system begets confidence in his patients,
Cleveland Prot. Homceopathic Hospital, and  who  rely upon his skill and judgment,
a member of the Board of Censors of the  though he does not make their symptoms the
Cleveland Homceopathic Hospital College. only subject of conversation during his proHe was one of the first to aid in the estab- fessional visits.  He treats his cases quietly
lishment of the Homceopathic Hospital and  and with much reserve, and thus avoids all
Dispensary of Pittsburgh, of which he was the depressing consequences of injudicious
one of the original corporators, and has communications.
served as a trustee ever since its organiza-    Dr. Hinkly was married, in I853, to Miss
tion.  He is one of the original members of  Theresa M. Baker, of Florence, Erie county,
the Homceopathic Medical Society of Penn- O.  He has an interesting family of children
sylvania, and is now Chairman of its Bureau  -two daughters and four sons.
of Materia Medica. In I869, he delivered
the annual address before the society. For
eighteen years, he has been a member of the
American  Institute of Homceopathy, of              ILMAN, MARTIN, M. D., of
which he was elected vice-president in I872,          Visksburg, Miss., was born in
and he is a member of its Bureau of Clinical          Jefferson county, N. Y., July 24th,
Medicine.                                             I82I. He is the youngest son
of Salmon Gilmhan, who is still living on a
small farm in Lorraine, Jefferson county, N.
INKLY, ALONZO  SQUIRE, M. Y., at the advanced age of 8I.  Here the
D., of Buffalo, N. Y., was born  subject of this sketch was reared and lived
in Elizabethtown, Essex county, until his twenty-first year, excepting during
N. Y., August 26th, 1822. Re- the autumn and winter months, which were
moving to Ohio, with his parents, in 1835, spent in school and in teaching.
he then prepared for college, but the death    Dr. Gilman is descended from an illustriof his father leaving him  in  straitened  ous line of Scotch families, among whom
circumstances, he was prevented from carry- was the family of John Taylor Gilman, for
ing out his design.  He, however, pursued  many years Governor of New Hampshire, and
his studies, under the most trying  diffi- who filled many other important positions of
culties, and secured to himself a classical trust, during and immediately after the war
and mathematical education.                of the revolution.  His father served with
At Cleveland, O., he studied medicine  distinction in the war of I812, since which
with  Professor Williams  and  President time he has been occupied with his farm.
Wheeler.  In 1856, he graduated, and the  His pecuniary resources being restricted, his
same vear he located in Buffalo. Here he  son was thrown upon his own ingenuity for
entered upon the practice of his profession, means to defray the expenses of his educa



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                231
tion. This he accomplished by alternately  himself admirably and with entire success.
teaching and attending school.  His literary  If the past is any guarantee of the future, a
education was received at the Black River  career both useful and brilliant is opening
Literary Institute, Watertown, N. Y. After before him.
leaving this institution, he went, in I842, to
South Carolina, where he was engaged in
teaching for nearly two years.  Returning             OSTER, EDWARD  HORATIO,
again to his native State, he commenced the             M. D., of Marblehead, Mass.,
study of medicine, and took his first course            was born in Canterbury, N. H.,
of lectures at Geneva, N. Y., and graduated             October i3th, I839.  He is a
at the New York University, in the spring of  direct descendant of Reginald Foster, menI846.  Immediately after his graduation, he  tioned by Scott in his "Lay of the Last
commenced the practice of medicine in his -Minstrel," and who  came  from   Exeter,
native county, where he continued for two  Devonshire, England, and  settled at Ipsyears.  At the very urgent solicitation of his wich, Mass., in 1838; and his great grandcousin, Dr. John Gi'man, then a practitioner father, Captain  Asa Foster, of Andover,
of homceopathic medicine, in Columbus, O., Mass., held the commission of captain under
he removed to that city in the spring of 1848, George II., and assisted at the capture of
to investigate the claims of homoeopathy. Louisburg, from the French, in I745. His
After a year and a half of experiments, and  grandfather, Colonel Asa Foster, of Cantera thorough trial through a fearful cholera epi- bury, N. H., enlisted in the American army
demic, he became fully satisfied of the truth  when fourteen years of age, and was one of
of the great law on which rests the curative  General Arnold's body-guard at the time of
action of medicines.                        the general's desertion, at West Point.
In 1849, he settled in Lexington, Ky.,    When sixteen years old, Dr. Foster sufwhere he remained until 185I, when he ac- fered from  a long and severe illness, and
cepted the chair of Chemistry in the Mem- while recovering, was, most unfortunately,
phis Medical Institute.  Early in his course, thrown from a carriage and sustained such
the chair of Obstetrics was made vacant by  severe injuries that he only escaped the loss
the resignation of its incumbent, and Dr. of life through a severe surgical operation.
Gilman was unanimously selected to fill that For eight years he walked only with the aid
chair in addition to his own.  In the spring  of crutches, and was much of the time comof 1853, he removed to Port Gibson, Miss., pelled to use an invalid's chair.  During
where his success in the treatment of yellow  this trying period of his life, he very naturfever, in the terrible epidemic of that year, ally became interested in the study of medcliwon for him a distinguished reputation.  In  cine and surgery, and through the kindness
I854, he was married to the third daughter of his medical attendant, he was liberally
of Samuel Wherritt, of Richmond, Ky.  He  supplied with books on those subjects, which
removed to Vicksbhurg, in 1859, where he  he studied with an ever-increasing interest.
has filled the positions of Alderman, Mayor, In i866, he graduated at the Bowdoin ColCounty Treasurer, and  Superintendent of  lege, Brunswick, Me., having attended his
Public Education.  He has now  a call to  first course of lectures at the Berkshire Medifill a chair in a Homceopathic Medical Col- cal School.  In the fall of I866, he comlege of Missouri.                           menced practice at Bradford, Vt., and met
In whatever position Dr. Gilman has been  with very good success, but soon found himplaced, he has performed his work with  self quite unable to sustain the hardships of
credit to himself and with honor to his pro- a country practice, and he therefore removed
fession.  As a teacher, a physician, a pro- to Marblehead, Mass., where he soon acfessor, and a civil officer, he has acquitted  quired a good business. In I869, he became



234                    BIOGRAPHICAL, CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
a member of the American Institute.  Early  his office, and most of his business in the city,
in I87I, he determined to indulge in a trip  where his skill and faithfulness secured for
to the Pacific coast, and with a single com- him  a large practice and the respect which
panion, in the winter of I87I-'72, he travelled  his energy and perseverance have so well deon horseback over much of the Humboldt served.
Valley and the wild mountainous regions
north to the Owyhee River, in Oregon. And
in the spring of 1872, much improvedl in              R M E, FRANCIS  HODGSON,
health, and much to the gratification of his            M. D., of Atlanta, Ga., is a son
old patrons, he returned to Massachusetts,              of Archibald and Lucy Priestly
married Miss Ella M. Merrill, and resumed               Orme, and is a lineal descendthe practice of the profession, for which by  ant of Archibald Orme, a colonel in the
nature and by his thorough education, he is revolutionary  army, and  of Dr. Joseph
so eminently fitted.                         Priestly.
In I85o, being about eighteen, he left
Milledgeville, then the place of his residence,
and entering the office of Dr. J. B. Gilbert,
OOL, AUGUSTUS, M. D., of Os- of Savannah, commenced the study of mediwego, N. V., was born, March  cine under his direction.
-    3oth, I8I8, at Easton, Bristol    In 1854, having completed the course, he
county, Mass.  His forefathers graduated at the Medical Department of the
for a number of generations lived in Bristol. University of New  York, and returned to
His father, who was an excellent mechanic, Savannah in the spring of that year.  Here
removed to Jefferson county, N. Y., when  he entered into partnership with Dr. W. H.
his son was three years old.  The latter at- Banks (the former partner of the late Dr.
tended the common and select schools of the  Gilbert), and practised through that fearful
county until he was nineteen years of age. epidemic year of yellow fever, in which one
Then he taught school for three terms, and  thousand persons lost their lives.  During
in the fall of I839, went to Oswego, where  the height of the epidemic, he alone, of five
he taught a select school during the follow- homeopathic physicians then  resident in
ing winter.  In this city, he formed the ac- Savannah, was able to practise; the remainquintance of the late E. A. Potter, M. D., ing four having sickened and left the city.
with whom he studied medicine according to  Dr. Orme fully appreciated the fearful reallopathic laws, for four years; teaching in  sponsibility that now  devolved upon him,
the public schools during the winter.  At and devoted himself with energy to his imthe close of his studies, Dr. Potter, who had  portant work-esteeming it a privilege to be
been investigating the doctrines of homceo- able to ameliorate in some degree the sufferpathy, was so impressed with the truth of the  ings of the fever-stricken inhabitants.  By
system, that he adopted it. At his request, taking the proper precautions he escaped
Dr. Pool remained with him, also making  the disease until late in the season, when he
homceopathy his earnest and constant study. was compelled, by a severe attack of the
As soon as the County Homceopathic Society  fever, to abandon his post for a short time,
was organized, recognizing the worth and but, by judicious treatment, was enabled in
qualifications of Dr. Pool, it bestowed upon  ten days to renew his attendance upon the
him a diploma.  He remained with Dr. Pot- sick.  His successful application of homocoter ten years, at which time they dissolved, pathic remedies, and his faithful adherence
and Dr. Potter took his son into partnership, to his professional duties during this plague,
Dr. Pool practising alone after the dissolution; fully established his practice.  Dr. Banks
and on the death of Dr. Potter, in I867, took  continuing in partnership with him for four






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5                       __~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I LI a _       _ 
GaLe-wy  C~uil. (:c. Plwi~aa.



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           235
years, at the end of this period, Savannah  "Pacific." When three days out, the ship was
was again visited by yellow fever, and Dr. wrecked and Dr. Kiichler, having lost everyOrme, for the second time, contracted the  thing but the dressing-gown and  slippers
frightful disease. This, together with the  which he wore, returned to Bremerhaven,
tax made upon his strength by his extensive  and there commenced the practice of mediand increasing practice, so far impaired his cine. It was there he first met Constantine
health as to render necessary an entire sus- Hering, who, with his bride, was returning
pension of his professional duties.  He re- to America.
tired to Atlanta, where, in the society of    In July, I846, Dr. Kiichler again sailed
friends and relatives, he speedily recovered  for America, and  arrived  safely in New
his health and soon after resumed his work. York, after a stormy voyage of forty-six
In I859, he became a member of the Ameri- days. Nine months afterward he removed
can Institute of Homceopathy, and so con- to Springfield, and was at that time the only
tinues at the present time.  In I867, he  homceopathic physician  between  Chicago
married Miss Ellen V. Woodward, of Beau- and St. Louis; and but one person in Springfort District, S. C.                       field knew anything of homceopathy.  Yet
The success of Dr. Orme, as a physician, in one month's time, in consequence of his
may be attributed to his earnest and exclu- great success, his practice became so large
sive devotion to his profession, which he has that he was compelled to seek an associate,
always made the first consideration, never and he invited Dr. Bernhard Cyriax, now at
allowing politics or speculation to interfere  Cleveland, to become his partner.
with his duties. He has, by his exertions,   In I848, Dr. Kiichler married Miss Meta
probably contributed as much to the spread  Fischer, of Bremen. In I866, worn by the
and popularity of homceopathy in the south  cares incident to an extensive practice, and
as any other physician, and is now in the burdened with grief for the loss of a favorite
prime of manhood, the professor of a full daughter, the doctor sought relief in change
and flourishing practice.                  of labor and of scene, and for a few weeks
returned to the fatherland.  During this
visit, while at Coethen, he was introduced by
Dr. Arthur Lutze to Fraiulein Hahnemann,
U C H LE R, KARL  FERDI- the only surviving daughter of the great reNAND, M. D., of Springfield, former; and at the old family residence he
Ills., was born in Lanchstoedt, sat in the famous arbor where her illustrious
near Halle, Germany, June I7th, father wrote and studied, and drank a glass
i822. Dr. Kiichler received his first instruc- of the Gose, of which he had been so fond.
tion in the teaching of the immortal Hahne-  He was presented also with a lock of the
mann in the city of Berlin, Prussia, where, great master's silvery hair, which he values
while a student, in I844, he became ac- as one of his choicest treasures.
quainted with Professor J. Pantillon, first   In person, Dr. Kiichler is slight, but well
homoeopathic physician of that city, who, in  built, with large grey eyes and a profusion
consequence of a remarkable cure effected in  of glossy black hair; though not a man of
the case of a daughter of the celebrated  large physique, his vitality is great, and he
Bettina Von Arnim, was, by special decree  possesses a wonderful amount of mental
of the king, permitted to practise and dis- power; retaining that enthusiasm which led
pense his own medicine; a privilege never him, when a poor man in Bremerhaven, to
before granted to any physician.           spend his last dollar for the privilege of passIn  November, 1845, Dr. Kiichler left ing a few hours with Jenichen, of Wismar,
Berlin for Bremerhaven, and the same month  the famous advocate of high potencies. In
embarked for America in the ill-fated ship  his successful practice, he values more the



236                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP/EDIA  OF
continuous triumphs of homceopathy than in the I6Ist Regiment, New York Volunteers,
his golden fees. But we are inclined to  he was twice severely wounded, and was
believe that his remarkable successes are not promoted to the rank of captain.  He is a
more due to the high potencies, to the use of  member of the Steuben County (N. Y.)
which he so persistently adheres, than to his  Homceopathic Medical Society, of which he
clear head and largely sympathetic nature; is the Secretary and Treasurer; and he is
for through his acute sympathy, mental and  also a member of the American Institute,
physical, we believe him to be, (although  and of the Yew York State fHomccopathic
perhaps unconsciously,) greatly aided in his  Medical Society.  His growing practice now
diagnoses, and, through the confiding trust demands nearly his whole time and attention,
his manner inspires, is he greatly assisted by  yet he finds leisure for the preparation of
his patients in forming those accurate judg- many interesting  articles, which are read
ments, upon which success in the use of all with profit before the local societies of which
potencies depends. A consistent member of  he is a member.  In I863, Dr. Cadmus marthe Baptist Church, beloved by the poor, ried Miss H. A. Tompkins.
admired by his colleagues, trusted and re-   Self educated and without means, the docspected by all, few men have crowded more  tor has struggled with adverse circumstances,
of quiet usefulness in the same years, or made  and won for himself a position of respectthemselves more necessary to the community, ability, and the estimation of a large comin which they dwell, than Dr. Kiichler.    munity.
I ENE R, MORRIS, M. D., of
ADMUS, JAMES M., M. D., of                   Baltimore, Md., was born in BerHammondspol-t, Steuben county,             lin, Prussia, on the   Sth day of
N. Y., was born in Lodi, Seneca            January, I812.  His father was
county, N. Y., July 3rd, I834. Jasper Wiener, Esq., a wealthy banker of
Left at- an early age, by the death of his that city, and his mother a Scotch lady,
mother, to the care of strangers, his early  whose family name was Morris, born in the
education was such only as could be obtained  neighborhood of Glasgow, Scotland. At the
at the common schools, but after attaining  age of seven years, he was sent to the Joachis majority, he attended the academy at heimsthal Gymnasium College, and graduated
Sonora, N. Y., and also a select school at there in I828.
Havana, in the same State.  He studied    In I829, he entered the Berlin Friedrich
medicine with Dr. H. S. Benedict, a homce- Wilhelm University, as a student of Philosoopathic physician of the latter place, with  phy. The following year he was taken sewhomn he remained five years, and attended  riously ill, and was unable to leave his bed
lectures at the Western Homoeopathic Col- for upwards of a year.  When sufficiently
lege, Cleveland, O., from which he graduated, recovered to permit the fatigue of travel, by
in February, I866; and soon after entered  the advice of his physicians, he left Berlin
into partnership  with his preceptor, Dr. and travelled through  Europe, Asia, and
Benedict, who had removed to Corning, N. Northern Africa, occupying about two years.
Y.; there he remained one year, and then  The change of air and scenes, and the exlocated in IHaammondsport, a pleasant village  citement and interest of his journeyings, gave
in the Rhineland of America, where he has  elasticity and health to mind and body; ar.d
since acquired a fair practice, which is con- on his return in I832, he entered the Unistantly increasing.  During the late war Dr. versity at Berlin, as a student of medicine,
Cadmus served over three years in the Union  studying under Hufeland Rust, Graefe (the
army. Entering the service as first lieutenant father), Juenken, Busch, Wolff, and others.



HOMtEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           237
From this Institution, he graduated in I836. health constrained him  to abandon it. In
The succeeding five years, he practised his his eighteenth year, he entered the office of
profession in his native city, filling the posi- Dr. F. Bucmeister, of Toulon, Ills., for the
tion of an assistant surgeon, at the Charite  study of medicine, and after a thorough apHospital, under Rust.  During this time he  plication, during which time he made several
became greatly interested in the science of  valuable provings, he graduated at the Hahnehomceopathy, devoting much of his leisure  mann Medical College of Ph iladelphia,
time to an investigation of its principles and  March 3rd, I869. Immediately on his gradupractice.  Finding that it rested on a firm  ation he returned to Illinois, and settled in
and enduring basis of truth and reason, far Galva, where, in spite of his extreme youth,
excelling the old system, so long practised  he succeeded in a short time in building up a
with such imperfect success, in healing and  large and valuable practice.
eradicating disease, his conscience and judg-    On June 2nd, I87O, he was married to
ment would no longer permit him to follow  Miss Ida E. Erving, daughter of J. F. Erits uncertain practice, or content himself with  ving, M. D., of Oskaloosa, Ia.  Dr. Cowits unsatisfactory results; and with no mis- perthwait's fondness for literary  pursuits
givings, or feelings of regret, he left allopathy  was manifested at a very early age, three
to those whose minds were less progressive,  juvenile  Sabbath-school books emanating
and became an earnest and zealous disciple  fiom his pen before he had reached his fourof the immortal Hahnemann.  In I842, he  teenth year. His contributions in both prose
emigrated to the United States, pursuing here  and poetry have appeared in several leading
the practice of the new system, with gratify-  journals and magazines, and for their beauty
ing success. In I849, he took up his resi- and originality have received the highest
dence in Baltimore, and during his long  encomiums.
practice, has been in the possession of a large
and desirable patronage, has enjoyed a high
reputation'for professional skill, has been
instrumental in advancing the interests of          ARLAN, CALEB, M. D., of Wilhomceopathy by every honorable means, and             mington, Del., was born in Millhas held the universal respect and esteem            town, Newcastle county, Del., on
of all.                                               October I3th, I8I4.  He began
the study of medicine in I833, and graduated
in I836 at the University of Pennsylvania.
l'     OWPERTHWAIT, ALLEN  C., Thereafter for ten years he practised the old
M. D., of Nebraska City, Neb.,was system  in  the vicinity of his birthplace.
born May 3d, 1848, -in Cape May  During this time he was attracted to homcecounty, N. J.  He is the son of opathy, and becoming a convert thereto he
Dr. J. C. Cowperthwait, once a popular den- removed to Wilmington in I847, to practi;e
tist of Philadelphia, now a resident of Peoria, the new system. Being the first physician of
Ills.  While he was quite young, his parents  Delaware to abandon the old and adopt the
removed to Toulon, Ills., where the larger new system, he met with violent opposition.
part of his youth was spent. Owing to a The allopathists attacked him  in public
tendency  to  pulmonary  disease, he was debate and in the papers of the day, but his
obliged to relinquish the pursuit of a regular defence was so able and earnest that his opcollegiate course; yet in the Toulon seminary, ponents were glad to retire from the field.
and subsequently in the Iowa University, he  In I855, he published a pamphlet entitled,
received an excellent preliminary education. " A Lecture on Allopathy and Homoeopathy,"
Exhibiting a fondness for the printing busi- which was noticed by the eminent Dr. Heness, he served an apprenticeship at it, but ill ring, in his periodical, in the following com



238                      BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA OF
plimental-y tems:-" Vesy ably written; full  The Saviour said: God's kingdom dwells withinBe PURE in heart! be KIND and free from sin,
of interesting remarks, and a great many new             heart! be KIND and free from sin,
Then peace and comfort, such as angels k-now,
ideas."   When the State Normal University  On you, existence always will bestow.
of Delaware was established in Wilmington, Why wait, poor worm, till death dissolves this frame?
he was chosen to deliver a course of scientific  Cannot your firmness noble thoughts sustain,
lectures therein, and so valuable did they  Till passion yields obedient to the will?
Though tempted oft,-be sternly master still!
prove, and so highly appreciated were they,  Dash down the cup! the door to ruin close,
that they were continued during five aca-  Make God your friend, make peace with all your foes;
demic years.  The series embraced lectures,  Then welcome death, however startling near,
Thrice happy dead, if truly happy here.
all finely illustrated, on Anatomy, Physiology,  Thrice happy dead, if truly happy here.
Hygiene, and Organic Chemistry.   During  The wicked die, and anguish thrills the ear,
the winter of I868, his talents as a scientific  In horrid groans, in sighs, and shuddering fear,
lecturer were called into requisition by the  The moment when they touch that dismal shore,
Where sin meets sin perchance to part no more.
Institute, a The smelting filrnace, not so hot, so red
delivered before it a full course on Anatomy  As keen remorse endured by all the dead,
and Physiology.                                 When unprepared, they pass from earth to roam,
From  childhood  Dr. Harlan  has been  Without a hope, to seek the criminal's home.
And such a scene! a home without a sun!
passionately fond of polite literature, and
No moon to rise, no glorious dawn to come;
even in the midst of exacting professional  No trees to leaf, nor fruits, nor flowers to bloom,
engagements he has found some leisure to  But desert sands all wrapt in fearful gloom;
dlevote to composition.  In  I860, he was  The storm-like shade forever on the plain,
Shuts out the sky from all that vast domain;
induced  to  publish  anonymously a small  Till every being walks he sees not where,
volume, entitled" Ida Randolph of Virginia."  And stops and howls, then sinks in mute despair.
The publication was almost wholly private,
its chief circulation being among his intimate  Oh, hov unlike the peaceful golden strand,
Home of the pure in heart,-the sumnmer land,
friends, by whom the work is much admired. Where all who live as God designed while here,
He has contributed considerably to the daily,  Find kindred love, and friends almost as dear;
weekly, and periodical press, one of his best  A home prepared with gorgeous scenes in view,
contributions being a peculiarly grand and  Majestic prospects opening, ever new,
As floats the spirit on-away —away,
restful poem, "Thoughts on Life and Death,"   From orb to orb, through spheres of endless day.
which by special request we publish herewith.
Dr. Harlan has but one son, who gradcuated with honor, at the Hahnemann Medical                OSTER, WILLIAM  DAVIS, M.
College of Philadelphia, in I872, and who is                D., of Hannibal, Mo., was born
now associated with his father in his profes- I             in Van Buren county, Ia., on the
sional labors.                                              7th  day  of  September,  I84I.
After the completion of his literary studies,
THOUGHTS ON LIFE AND DEATH.               he entered the office of Dr. D. Prince, the
distinguished surgeon of Jacksonville, Ills., in
BY C. HARLAN, M. D.
I868, but owing to various circumstances,
When I have reached a thousand years of age,    chiefly pecuniary, he was unable to pursue
And can behold on memory's truthful page        consecutive studies.  In i86i, he entered the
My life celestial, ever shining bright,
Without a sinful thought to shade its light;   army, where diligent application was made
How happy then wilt my existence be,           under the able guidance of the late surgeon
To know from all remorse my soul is free.       Ellery P. Smith, 7th Missouri Cavalry VolunWhat then to me is pain or toil, while here?   teers.  In t863, he was commissioned surBut trifles these! ordained to disappear,
As constant progress lifts the soul above,      geon of the above regiment, and served in
And conquers all things with subduing love.    that capacity until the close of the war.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             239
During the active operations of the forces  character had endeared her to every one
in the states of Missouri and Arkansas, he  with whom she was brought in contact, and
served on various boards of operating sur- her loss was deeply felt by an unusually
geons, and for the examination of all appli- large circle of friends; but to none was this
cants for discharge, on surgeons' certificates, loss so great as to those who were just
etc.  He located in Hannibal, Mo., in I865, growing into young manhood, and were left
in September, and graduated from the Hom- without a loving mother's counsel and apceopathic Medical College of Missouri, in  proving smile. But it can be truly said, that
I869. He is unmarried.                     there are few, thus bereft in early life of the
guiding and restraining hand and the moral
and elevating influence of that dearest earthly
friend who, above all others, moulds the
RADFORD, THOMAS C., M. D., heart, shapes the character, and gives to the
of Cincinnati, O., was born in  mind its future cast, who escaped with so
that city, October 3, I835.  He  little of the contamination of childhood's outer
received his medical education at world, as he who is the subject of this sketch.
Jefferson College, Philadelphia, and subse- But the memory of a sainted mother-whose
quently at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, purity, virtue and active piety while on earth
New York city, graduating at the latter in  dbes not escape even the eye of the childthe spring of I864.                        often goes with him  through each circling
After leaving college, he went directly to  year, falling like gentle devw on the heart,
Cincinnati, commenced practice there, and  silent, yet efficient in its influence. Young
has continued in the persistent labors of  Fiank's surviving parent and friends were
his profession in that city ever since.  He  observant of his fondness for study, and he
has kept himself aloof from the excitements  was early sent to school, where he made
of political and military life, and has held no  rapid advancement in his studies.  His eduoffice under the government.  He is one of  cation was principally obtained at the Lellar
the incorporators of Perth Medical College, Academy, in Hatboro, Pa., and under the
a member and Treasurer of the Faculty, and  tutorship of the Rev. Samuel Aaron, prinProfessor of Gynecology.                   cipal of the Mount Holly Institute, of New
He was married October 6th, I868.        Jersey.
The Rev. Mr. Aaron was a man of unusual firmness and decision of character, a
true Republican in the fullest sense of the
ETTS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, word, an earnest Christian, of the strictest
M. D., of the city of Philadelphia, honesty, fearless in upholding the right, an
Pa., was born  in Warminster eminent scholar and a thorough instructor;
township, Bucks  county, Pa., and under his tuition, young Betts completed
December Ist, I845.  Ile is the youngest of  his literary course with proficiency and honor.
three sons, surviving children of John and  After leaving school, he engaged with his
Sarah C. Betts. His ancestors on his father's  uncle in mercantile pursuits.  But during
side came from England, with William Penn, this time, he lost none ofhis interest in study,
to whom  they were related by ties of con- employing all his hours of leisure in reading
sanguinity; and they, together with his ma- and storing his mind with useful knowledge.
ternal ancestors, belonged to the religious  Finding that merchandizing was not suited
Society of Friends, of which he also is a to his taste and inclinations, he left it for the
member. When he had reached about the  study of medicine; to which profession his
twelfth year of his age, his mother died sud- mind had long been favorably disposed, and
denly of heart disease.   Her exemplary  for which he had a particular fondness, and



240                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
natural adaptation.  Engaged in its study, he  earnest in his attachment to homceopathy, in
found his mind in its right channel, and his which he has acquired a comfortable practice.
whole heart and energies were enlisted in the  He stands at the head of his profession in
science. In due time he entered the Hahne- New Albany.  Competent to add largely to
mann Medical College of Philadelphia, and  the valuable literature of homceopathy, his
graduated from the same in I868. Deter- friends indulge the hope that he will not
mining that his professional education, pre- longer withhold from the profession the reparatory to his entering upon his life's work, suits of his study and experience.
should not cease with the accomplishment of
his collegiate course, in the following April
of the same year of his graduation, he embarked for Europe to visit all its principal        RMES, CORNELIUS, M. D., of
hospitals.  He remained in Vienna one year,           Jamestown, N. V., was born at
and then made the tour of Italy, Switzerland,         Westhaven, Vt., on August 4th,
Germany, France and England, making him-              1807.  He is the son of General
self familiar with their different modes of Jonathan  Ormes, of Hampton, Windham
practice and treatment, after which he re- county, Conn., who served in the revolutionturned  to Philadelphia and entered  into  ary war as a private, and in that of I8I2 as a
active practice. On the I4th day of Novem- brigadier-general.  His general education he
her, I87I, he was married, in Baltimore, Md., gained at Castleton Academy.  He  first
to Miss Lucy C. Corse of that city. Dr. studied medicine under Professor Theodore
Betts has exhibited in his practice a thorough  Woodward; attended lectures at Castleton
knowledge of his profession, calling to him- Medical College, and received its degree in
self a large and increasing patr6nage.     1832.
On graduating he located at Pomona,
Chatauqua county, N. V., opening his office
as a physician and surgeon on February I3th,
EFAVOR, WILTON  F.,. M. D., I833. The country being new and settling
of New Albany, Iln., is of French  rapidly, and physicians scarce, he soon acdescent, his  father's  ancestry  quired a good practice, his surgical experibeing Huguenots.  He was born  ence obtained under Professor Woodward
in Portland, Me., March Ist, I847, and re- especially qualifying him for residence in a
moved with his father, in I850, to Columbus, lumbering district, and where so large a porO. His literary education was received at tion of the population was engaged in clearNorwich University, Norwich, Vt. On Sep- ing land for farming purposes.  His ride
tember Ist, I866, he commenced the study  soon extended into northern Pennsylvania,
of medicine, under the guidance of J. R. then almost a wilderness, and principally
Flowers, M. D., and after attending two  occupied by lumbermen. His duties entailed
courses of lectures in Philadelphia, graduated  the endurance of great hardships from bad
at Cleveland, O., in the spring of I870, when  roads and exposure.  The success that athe removed to New Albany, Ind., and com- tended his labors soon gained him a high
menced practice on May Ist. On December reputation, and his professional brethren
27th, 1872, he was married to Mary J., eldest recognized his great abilities by electing him
daughter of J. H. McMahan, Esq., a promi- to the highest offices in the County Medical
nent citizen of New Albany.                Society.  He established a great name for
Dr. Lefavor is held in high esteem  by  the trealment of ovarian diseases, to the study
those who know him  best, as a thoroughly  of which he gave special attention.  He pereducated man, and as a close and laborious formed a number of entirely successful operastudent.  Devoted to his profession, he is tions for the removal of ovarian cysts anct






are X X'//. ti L'. — TIC-'a',,..!- 7.'t^t e —l::
ok:., 



HOMCGOPATHIC  PH-IYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           241
tumors; in two cases the uterus and the  the age of twenty-one years he engaged in
uterine appendages were all implicated, the the mercantile business, which he prosecuted
tumor in one being calloid in form  and  successfully for several years.  He finally
weighing fifty-one pounds, while the uterus  disposed of his interest in that business to
was eleven inches long, ophacelated from  engage in the calling of a druggist and apothecontinuous pressure, and its cavity entirely  cary, but the close application and hard work
obliterated.                                necessarily connected with this employment,
Dr. Ormes was first instigated to examine  in a few years affected his health, and he was
homceopathy by Dr. James Birnstil, then of  obliged to relinquish a very profitable busiWestfield, N. Y., and afterwards of Pittsfield, ness.  Having been for some time impressed
Mass.  He continued his studies with Dr. A. with the probable truth of homceopathy, and
W. Gray, now of Milwaukee, and eventually, having witnessed some of the results of its
after careful comparison of the effects of the  application, and having a decided taste for
two systems, he gave in his adhesion to hom- the medical profession, he commenced study
oeopathy, and has practised it consistently  ill the office and under the instructions of
since 1848.                                 Dr. O. B. Ganse, of Philadelphia.  Here the
He removed from Pomona to Jamestown, same  characteristics  exhibited  themselves
in the same county, in May, I863, and built that had marked his previous life, viz.: an
up an even larger practice than he had en- indomitable will and a determination to sucjoyed at the former place.  In I872, he was  ceed in all of his undertakings.
elected Professor of Obstetrics and Uterine   IHe was a faithful and diligent student.
Surgery in the Detroit Homceopathic College, During the last course of lectures he was
and the duties of the position he has dis-  absent but twice during the whole term of
charged with marked advantage to the col- five months' duration.  After the completion
lege and the cause of homeopathy.  He is of a thorough system of instruction, he gradalso engaged in a general practice of large  uated from  the Homceopathic Medical Coland steadily increasing dimensions in the  lege of Pennsylvania in the spring of I865,
city of Jamestown.                          and soon after moved to Wilmington, Del.,
In I856, Dr. Ormes was elected a member and commenced practice there.  His success
of the American Institute of Homceopathy, is almost without an exception.  His first
and he has been a prominent member of the  year's business amounted to three thousand
New York State Homceopathic Society since  dollars, and his second and each subsequent
its organization.                           year to ten thousand dollars.  As he is a
He has never held or sought any public  kind and exceedingly affable gentleman and
office, his mind being too much given to his  a very careful student, homceopathy has in
profession to admit of active participation in  him  one of its strongest and firmest advooolitics.  He has no ambition outside of his  cates and supporters.  Enthusiastic in the
chosen sphere.  By all his fellow citizens he  faith of its beneficent and scientific provisions
is highly esteemed as a courteous and cultured  for relieving the sick and restoring health, he
gentleman.                                  has labored as hard to advance the system as
_ —~c —              I for his own personal benefit.
ANTUMI, JOSEPH  R., M. D., of
Wilmington, Del., was bor  in             AYNE, FREDERIC  W., M. D.,
lMonmouth county, N. J., on the              of Boston, Mass., was born JanuI2th day of April, I834.  He is             ary Ist, I845, at Bath, Me., and
the son of James Tantum, a wealthy farmer              is the eldest son of Dr. W. E.
of that county.  He was educated in the best Payne of that place.  The subject of this
schools in that section of the country.  At sketch acquired his preparatory education in
I6



242                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
the excellent graded schools of Bath and, at a father. His fellow townsmen seem to have
private academy in Massachusetts, specially  appreciated his rare qualifications, for during
designed to fit boys for college.  The time  the few years of his practice in Bath, he filled
arriving for him to select his future profes- the important posts of City Physician for one
sion, he, after much reflection, decided to  year, declining a re-election, and of Viceenter directly upon the study of medicine, President of the Central Homceopathic Mediand immediately commenced in the office of  cal Society; of Secretary for one year of the
his father, under whose direction he con-  Maine Homoeopathic State Society; for two
tinued throughout his pupilage.             years Secretary and Treasurer of the Central
He attended his first course of lectures at Homceopathic Society.  He was also physithe New York Homceopathic Medical Col-  cian and surgeon to the Soldiers' Orphans'
lege, in the winter of I863-'64.  The two  Home-an  institution established  by the
following years he was a member of the  State-of which he remained in charge until
Medical Department of Harvard College, his removal to Boston, in October, 1872.
where he graduated in the spring of I866.    Dr. Payne now makes a specialty of disThe following year he attended a course of  eases of the eye, ear and throat; and though
lectures at the Pennsylvania Homceopathic  so young a man, takes a very high rank
Medical College, receiving a diploma at the  among the many distinguished physicians of
end of the term.  He was thus accredited by  the great literary and scientific city.  He is
both the allopathic and homlceopathic schools  now Secretary and Treasurer of the Boston
as competent in the practice of medicine, and  Homeopathic Society, and has been a memin the collateral and supplementary branches. her of the American Institute of Homceopathy
The next year he spent in practice with his  since I867.
father in Bath, where he rapidly acquired the
confidence of his patrons.  In the winter of
the same year, he attended another course of
lectures at the Harvard Medical School, de- i        SOAK, JOHN  EMORY, M. D., of
voting his time chiefly to anatomy and prac-            Bloomington, Ills., was born on
tical surgery. But desiring to pursue his              the I6th of March, 1829, ill Potprofessional studies still further, he sailed for      ter, Yates county, N. Y.  He
Europe in September, 1868, and proceeding  became a student in Genesee Wesleyan Semdirectly to Vienna, spent a year at the Uni- inary, N. V., when about twenty years of
versity and homceopathic hospitals of that age, and in that institution, and in Genesee
city.                                       College, located at Lima, N. Y., he acquired
In addition to the general instruction at his literary education.  His medical educathe University, he received private teachings tion was obtained first as a private student in
in the several departments of ophthalmology  the office of Dr. Lathrop, of Syracuse, and
from the assistants of Professor Arlt; on dis- afterwards in the Syracuse Medical College,
eases of the ear from Gruber; on microscopic  fiom which he graduated on the 22d of Feband pathological anatomy from  Rokitansky;  ruary, 1855.
on obstetrics from Braun; on diseases of the    In the year following Dr. Voak's gradualungs and throat from  Schrceter; and took  tion from the medical college, he was united
practical courses of instruction in surgery, in marriage with Miss Hannah M. Pierce, of
etc., under Bilroth.  After leaving Vienna, Castile, Wyoming  county, N. Y., in  the
he spent some time at the universities of  month of February.  Removing immediately
Berlin and Bologna.                         to the West, he located, in the spring of the
Completing this extensive course of study  same year (1856), in Independence, Iowa.
in the latter part of I859, he returned to  On account of dissatisfaction with the teachAmerica  and  resumed  practice with  his  ings of the eclectic school of medicine, and a



HOM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                243
certain conviction that the eclectic practice         OSE, JOHN F., M. D., of Oxford,
would  prove unsatisfactory in  the results             Chester county, Pa., was born in
achieved, he determlihed not to follow his              Philadelphia, March I3th, I841.
profession as an eclectic physician, and corn-          He is the only son of William
menced business as a druggist.  His prepos-  Rose, the celebrated manufacturer of plastersessions in favor of homceopathy were con- ers' and brick trowels.  His mother's maiden
ceived in his youth, and were probably owing  name was Jane L. Davenport-a lady of
to his early experience of the superior value  estimable character.  His  ancestors were
of homceopathic remedies which he obtained  among the first settlers of Pennsylvania, havin the use of a case of medicine and in the  ing emigrated to this State in the time of
study of a small 1" Domestic Treatment "-  William Penn.
both homceopathic.                             Dr. Rose received his education in the
In 1859, Dr. Voak removed to Illinois, public schools of Philadelphia, graduating
and located at Havana, Mason county, where  from the Central High School in the summer
he immediately commenced the practice of  of I86o.  In the autumn of the same year,
homceopathy. During the winter of I865-'66, he commenced the study of medicine under
he attended courses of medical lectures in the  the direction of Dr. J. R. Lee, of Philadelcity of Philadelphia, and graduated from the  phia; and entered the Homceopathic College
Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl- of Pennsylvania in the fall of I86I.  This
vania.  He there became a member of the  was the second year of the great American
Hahnemann Medical Society.  Since the  conflict.  In the summer of I862, notwithdate of his removal from Iowa (I859), he has  standing his acceptance of the homceopathic
been diligently and devotedly engaged in the  formula, Similia shitilibus curantur, he was
practice of his profession, in Mason, Logan  appointed  Medical Cadet in the  medical
and McLean counties, Ills. For seven years  department of the army, and was assigned to
he has been a resident of Bloomington, Ills., the Satterlee United States Army General
where he still pursues his former profession. Hospital, under the command of Dr. J. J.
Dr. Voak possesses the true inspiration of his  Hayes, of Arctic fame.  This was the largest
profession, viz.: a desire and disposition to  hospital in the United States, its capacity
"' do good."  Naturally sympathetic, his pro- being about 400o  beds.  Here, although
fessional offices are rendered with a lively  coolly treated at first by his superior officers
feeling for those whose sufferings he is en- on account of his known medical creed, his
gaged to relieve; and this sincere regard for assiduous attention to the sick and wounded,
the welfare of his patients, reinforced as it is and his faithful discharge of all his duties,
by a depth and fervor of Christian feeling by  soon won for him the respect and esteem of
which he is influenced in his whole life, both  all. Although compelled by army regulations
individual and professional, makes his visits  to practise allopathy, he continued while in
to the sick room particularly desirable.  His  the hospital an avowed disciple of Hahnepractice has engaged his entire attention, and  mann.  Yet important trusts were  often
has been very successful.  Qualified as he is confided to him; and during the latter porto contribute usefully to the literature of  tion of his service he had control of two wards
homceopathy, it is to be regretted that he has  in the hospital.
found so little leisure in the midst of his    Having a strong desire to complete his
active professional work, for the employment medical studies, Dr. Rose resigned his posiof his pen.  He is now, however, engaged in  tion in the hospital after a service of two
the preparation of a Treatise on Hygiene and  years; but after the battles of the Wilderness.
Domestic Practice, which is already in press, at the request of the surgeon in charge, he
and will soon be issued.  The volume will returned to his post for the space of two
contain about 300 pages octavo.             months longer.  When the closing campaign



244                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
of the war was about to open, he tendered  had commenced the study of hommeopathy,
his services to the Government, and was though he had to be cured of chronic diaraccepted as a volunteer to assist among the  rhcea, sore throat, and Asiatic cholera before
wounded at the expected battles. He was he gave in his full adhesion to its principles.
ordered to Petersburg, Va., whither he went, His father was naturally bitterly opposed to
arriving at just the time when his services his adoption of hommeopathy, but nevertheless
were most needed.  He followed the army  he continued its study under Drs. Cook and
sixty miles west of Petersburg, until the final Bealley, of Broadway, New York, and later
surrender of Lee at Appomattox, enduring the  under Dr. Ulrich, of Montgomery, the first
customary hardships of the field, and render- homceopathic physician in the South.  Evening good service to the sick and wounded.   tually his father became reconciled, and at
While connected with the army, Dr. Rose  his instance the subject of this sketch graducompiled the history of several interesting  ated from the Homoeopathic Medical College
cases for the " Medical Record of the War."  of Philadelphia in the spring of I851.
I-He graduated with distinction at the Homceo-    After graduating, Dr. Henry practised for
pathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, in  awhile in his native city; but in 1853, he was
the spring of I865, and is a member of the  called to Charleston, S. C., to take charge of
Hahnemann Medical Institute.  Soon after the practice of Dr. Kniffiler, who wished to
receiving his diploma, he located in Media, remove to a colder climate. There he enPa., and was the first to introduce there the  joyed a large and lucrative business.  In the
homceopathic practice.  But in the spring of  following year yellow fever raged with great
I866, he removed to Oxford.  Here, after virulence, and Dr. Barton, the only other
encountering many difficulties —the usual homceopathic physician in the city, being
prejudices of the people and hostility of the  confined to his house by the sickness and
allopathic practitioners-he has, by dint of  subsequent death of his wife froln the fever,
energy and perseverance, united with Medical his duties were exceedingly arduous. Late
skill, succeeded in establishing both himself  in that fall he himself was taken sick, and his
and homeopathy securely in the confidence  health became so broken that he abandoned
of the people.                             practice and speculated in land in Kansas
and Missouri during I855 and I856. Then
he returned to Alabama, and began practice
in Selma in I857, enjoying now  a wide
ENRY, JOHN HAZARD, M. D., patronage.
of Selma, Dallas county, Ala.,    Dr. Henry has for years occupied a prowas born at Montgomery, Mont- minent position in the politics of his city and
gomery county, in the same State, State.  He is an ardent Republican and
on January 3d, I829. He is a descendant of  advocate of the Union.  In I860, and the
Patrick Henry, of Virginia, and the eldest two following years, he was elected to the
son of Dr. Htugh W. Henry, who served as a  Selma City Council; in I863 he was chosen
surgeon at Sackelt's Harbor, during the war Mayor, and as such surrendered the city to
of I812, and who was one of the early found- General Wilson on April 2d, I865.  He
ers of Montgomery, where he practised for stumped the State for Stephen A. Douglass
over forty years.  He was educated  at in I86I; in I866 for Grant and Colfax, and
Clarkeston, Monroe county, N. Y., and began  in I872 for Grant and Wilson.  He made,
to study medicine at the age of twenty, under on June  5th, I865, the first Republican
Dr. James Manon Sims, in Montgomery city, speech ever made in Alabama, and wrote the
in I848. He graduated with honor from the  first Republican resolutions ever offered in
University of New' York, Medical Depart- the South. In i869, he was elected City
ment, in I850. Previously to this time he  Physician of Selma by a large majority, and



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             245
served two years.  In I87I, although sick in  and civil engineer.  He soon acquired a rebed and not expected to live, he was only  putation in his chosen profession, and became
defeated for Mayor by a small majority, as he  Surveyor, Railroad Engineer, and Governclaims, by frauds and Kuklux machinations. ment Deputy Surveyor of the Public Lands.
At the time this sketch was written he was Geology, botany, and natural history became
again a candidate for City Physician.  In  favorite studies.  His researches in geology
1870, he was appointed Examining Physician  and his collections are unexcelled in this
by the Pension Bureau; in 1872, was elected  country.
for three years a Commissioner of-his County.   Dr. La Munyon tool. up the study of lanThough a large slaveholder before the war, guages, which he pursued in his leisure mohe does not regret emancipation or the loss ments, and succeeded in mastering Hebrew,
of his fortune, advocating the elevation of the  Greek and Latin.  tHis taste for botany led
colored race. During the war he lost many  him to investigate and study our indigenous
friends for homoceopathy by his political plants. In I859, he became a convert to
course, but they are now all returning.    homceopathy, through the instrumentality of
Among other services to homceopathy, Dr. B. S. Hill, M. D., of Burton, Erie county, 0.
Henry made the first extended proving of  With this able practitioner he studied until
gelseminum; proved apocynum  androsemi-  1863, then commenced the practice, but his
folium, or dog's bane; assisted Dr. Needhord  health failing, he removed to North Platte,
in proving cinalasis, and at this date is prov- Neb., in August, 1871. Here he engaged in
ing tag alder, a common American plant in  Government surveys during the summer of
all low ground, and the remedy for scrofula,  I872. Having rgain.ed his kealth,hebought
syphilis and cancer.'He much admires Dr. the Lincozl County Aldzertiser; in December,
A. Lutze's " Practice," and G. 11. G. Jahr's  1872. The following January this paper and
"Forty Years' Practice." In I85I, he became  the North Platte Democrat were consolidated
a member of the Homceopathic Society of the  and published under the name of the EnterUnited States.                             prise.  Dr. La Munyon, with Mr. Peake,
On April 15th, 1863, Dr. -Henry married  was associate editor and proprietor.  This
Mary M'Curdy, of Dallas county, Ala.       has proved a success, but has not entirely
prevented Dr. La Munyon from healing diseases when his skill is required.  He is
always pleased to be called to cases abanA  MUNYON, IRA  WALKER, doned by other physicians, and has won
M. D., of North Platte, Neb., was laurels by effecting cures where all hope had
born July 4th, 1827, at Lockport, been given up. He is essentially a selfNiagara county, N. Y. His pa- educated and self-made man, and stands
rents removed to Northville, Wayne county, forth a bright example of what energy and
Mich., in June, i828. From there they went perseverance can accomplish.
to Vernon, Mich., in February, I837.  Here
they were eighty miles from any settlement,
except small, scattering neighborhoods. No
schools had been established in that section,       ANFORTH, WILLIS, M. D., of
and Dr. La Munyon had to rely upon his                Chicago, Ills., was born in Lake
own unaided exertions in that line, in order          Village, N. H., on September
to secure to himself even  the ordinary               26th, i826.  His father and mobranches.  He studied untiringly, and with  ther, natives of New England, came of the
such success that at the age of twenty-one he  old Puritan stock. They emigrated to Genhad mastered the higher branches of mathe- eva, Kane county, Ills., in 1837. Their son,
matics, and entered the field as a surveyor after receiving a common school education,



246                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPA3DIA OF
began studying medicine with George W. ties.  In practice he is fertile of resource.
Richards, M. D., of St. Charles, Ills., in  He receives constant calls from  different
I846; attended lectures at Indiana Medical sections of the country to operate in difficult
College (allopathic) in I847-'48; graduated  cases.
at Rock Island Medical College at the close:0
of the session of I849-'50o.
He started as a physician at Oswego, Ills.,        ISHOP, ROBERT S., M. D., of
in I85o, and two years after was married to             Medina, N. Y., was born in Paris,
the daughter of the Rev. James H. Moore,                Oneida county, N. Y., November
of that place; removed to Joliet, in the                22d, 1831, of English ancestry.
same State, in 1854, and there resided for After enjoying the benefit of home institusixteen years.  While there he was converted  tions, he  entered, in his sixteenth  year,
to homceopathy through being cured of sciat- Whitestown Seminary, at Whitestown, N. Y.;
ica, which had resisted all manner of allo- at eighteen, Seminary at Cazenovia, N. Y.
pathic remedies for over six weeks.  On  After leaving that school, he engaged in
recovering he read "Rane's Organon," and  teaching for several years, and in mercantile
most of the homceopathic text-books, and  pursuits, and graduated from  the Western
having felt his way cautiously for two years, Homceopathic Medical College in I86I. He
openly espoused the cause in I86o.          then became a partner with Dr. D. F. Bishop,
In I86I, he entered the army as Captain in  of Lockport, N. Y., for two years, when, at
the I3th Illinois Cavalry; served for two  the urgent request of friends, he located, in
years; was then appointed Surgeon of I34th  I863, at Chittenango, Madison county, N. Y.
Illinois Infantry; was soon promoted to be  There he was the pioneer of homoeopathy,
Medical Director for the District of Western  and attained a large and very valuable pracKentucky, and did not leave the service until tice. Again, at the urgent solicitation of his
the close of the war.  Then returned home  friends, he removed  to  Medina, Orleans
and resumed a practice which has now grown  county, N. Y., in April, I865, to occupy the
to extensive proportions and embraces a large  field made vacant by the death of Dr. Stebsurgical business.                          bins.  Here he encountered a violent alloIn October, I869, he was elected Professor pathic opposition, but by his prudence, tact
of Surgery in the Hahnemann Medical Col- and ability has overcome it all, and placed
lege, Chicago; delivered that winter's course, homceopathy upon a solid  basis in  that
and located there in the following spring. vicinity.
He was elected President of the Chicago    Early in business life he was married to
Academy of Medicine; became  associate  Miss Mary L. Hutchins, of Cazenovia, N. Y.
editor of the United States Medical and Su-r- In 1867, he became a member of the New
gical  yournal, also, Surgeon-in-chief to  York State Homoeopathic Medical Society.
Scammon Hospital, Chicago.                  In I869, he was a member of the American
Dr. Danforth's lectures are mostly extem- Institute of Homceopathy, and has been Secporaneous, abound with anecdote, wit, and  retary and Treasurer of Niagara and Orleans
quotations from standard literary and medical County Homceopathic Medical Society since
authors.  He seizes upon the cardinal points  its organization.
of a subject and presents these in such a    Dr. Bishop, in his professional career, has
manner as to induce not only close attention  a character for gentleness in his treatment of
but after thought.  His writings offer the  his patients, while his quick eye and unerring
same features, and are full of practical sug-  judgment have contributed largely to his
gestions.  As an operator he is safe and  success in practice.  By faithfulness in procareful, though bold and fearless when there  fessional duties, and by his weight of characis occasion for the exhibition of such quali- ter, he has won  an  exceptionally  large



HOMtCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               247
practice, and a high place in public esteem  began reading medicine under Professor J. H.
throughout the County of Orleans.            P. Frost, M. D.  The same year he urged
upon Dr. Macfarlan the advisability of resigning from the regular army, and of coming to
Philadelphia. That gentleman did so, and
eGEORGE, WALLACE, M. D., on his being elected Professor of Surgery in
of Woodbury, N. J., was born in  the Homceopathic Medical College of PennBath, England, on January 3Ist, sylvania, the subject of this sketch entered his
1843.  He is the son of William  office, and completed his studies under his
and Mary A. McGeorge, and the ninth child  directions.  He graduated from this college
in a family of twelve.  He was brought to  in February, I868, having during the immethis country in I85o, and was educated in the  diately preceding winter been appointed Propublic schools of New York city, which are  secutor of Surgery in the institution.
so justly celebrated.  In his twelfth year, he    Immediately on graduating, Dr. McGeorge
entered a printing office in the same city; devoted himself exclusively to the practice of
worked at that trade during the day time and  medicine.  For three or four years previously
attended school in the evening.  Until I863, he had prescribed, as opportunity presented
he continued in the printing business.  On  itself, in and out of the dispensary, but he did
the outbreak of the war he took up a strong  not rely upon it for his support.  This expeposition in regard to the colored race. As rience proved very valuable to him.  He first
early as I862, he with several others began  located in Hightstown, N.J., stayed there for
urging publicly the importance of arming the  two years, but did not find the field large
colored men to battle for their country, and  enough, and removed to Crescent, Saratoga
by his pen and purse contributed, in I863, county, N. Y.  He was the first physician to
toward raising the first regiment of such troops  introduce the practice of homoeopathy in this
sent from New York State. Just before this part of the county.  At first, of course, he
result had  been achieved, he published a  met with much opposition, but his strong adpaper entitled, " The Standard of Justice,"  vocacy of the beneficent principles of the new
having for its aim the awakening of a more  system, and the still more powerful influence
earnest support and enthusiasm for Lincoln's  exerted by his success in the treatment of
war measures, particularly the emancipation  suffering and disease, gradually overcame all
proclamation, and the enrolment of colored  captious criticism and prejudice.  Before long
troops; also the extension to the race of equal he had made many warm  friends and won
and exact justice.  In I864, he applied for over many converts to homceopathy.  He
permission to be examined as Hospital Stew- found a fine field for surgery, the cases occurard, not feeling qualified to fill a higher posi- ring principally among the boatmen on the
tion in the medical department.  Upon ap-  Erie Canal, and consisting for the most part
pearing before the Board, he was urged by its of fractures, contusions, and lacerated wounds.
members to attend a course of lectures during  Not liking the country driving, finding it unthe ensuing winter, and in the spring to apply  safe and dangerous to turn out at all hours of
for a medical cadetship in the regular army. the night, he directed his steps toward PhilaHe acted upon their suggestion, and attended  delphia.  In January, 1871, he entered into
lectures, but the war closed in the following  partnership with Daniel R. Gardiner, M. D.,
spring, and not caring to enter the army then, in Woodbury, N. J., and, in November of the
he returned to his old business.  Shortly after- same year, succeeded him, assuming the enwards he was solicited to, and did take charge  tire business.  This field he still occupies,
of a large printing establishment in Philadel-  and finds it sufficiently large and difficult. He
phia, continuing in the meanwhile to prose- is an unswerving adherent of homoeopathy, and
cute his studies in medicine.  In I866, he  endeavors to firmly uphold and advance its



248                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
principles in all their purity in his practice  bility of failure while an effort may be made.
and in his life.                            The traits in his character have been conspiIn May, I869, Dr. McGeorge issued a call cuous throughout his life, whether he was adfor the formation of the West Jersey IIomce-  vocating the cause of the colored man, seekopathic Medical Society, and presided over its ing to acquire a medical education, to establish
deliberations until an organization was effected. a reputation as a physician, or to advance the
He was then elected its Secretary, and has  cause of homeopathy.  They have enabled
been re-elected every year, except while ab- him  to accomplish more during a yet short
sent from the State, and still holds the office. life than many men with far greater opportuThis affords some idea of the estimation  nities have achieved during a long career.
which he commands from his brother practi-  As the introducer of homneoopathy in an imtioners in his immediate section of the State. portant section of the country, the constant
The society itself is one of the most efficient and able advocate and exponent of its prindistrict organizations in New Jersey, and has  ciples, and the active promoter of several
accomplished much good. Also during I869, valuable homceopathic organizations, he is enDr. McGeorge was instrumental in securing a titled to a high rank among the pioneers of
charter for the New Jersey State Homceopa- the new practice.
thic Medical Society, of which he is one of
the incorporators. He is also a member of
the American Institute of Homceopathy, and
of the Bureau of Materia Medica.                      EABODY, ADAMS, M. D., of
But his efforts for the furtherance of the           Jefferson City, Mo., was born in
cause of homceopathy have not been limited        -    Milford, Hillsborough county, N.
to his private teaching, his professional duties,       H., January  22nd, I813.  He
and his participation in the establishment and  comes of unadulterated Puritan stock, his anmaintenance of incorporated associations hav- cestors having landed at Plymouth Rock. His
ing that special object.  He wields a power-  father and mother were born in Milford, his
ful and elegant pen, and this has been made  paternal grandfather being a native of Massato do good service. He has contributed many  chusetts.  His early opportunities for educavaluable papers to the journals of the new  tion were limited to those afforded by the
school, several of which have attracted much  district schools of that day. In his sixteenth
attention and given rise to prolonged discus- year he entered a store as a clerk, serving in
sions, resulting in great advantageto homoe- that capacity for four years and a half, removopathy.  He has also labored industriously  ing then to the City of New York, where he
and successfully to enrich the Materia Medica  accepted a position as an assistant clerk in a
by his observations, devoting most of his time  hotel, afterwards engaging in the grocery buto that branch of medicine.  In the fall of siness.  Here he was married to Miss Frances
I872, he delivered two lectures in the preli-  C. Smith, of New York, and from  here he
minary  course before the students of the  removed to Detroit, and was there in charge
Hahnemann  Medical College of Pennsyl-  of the office of the American Hotel, and a
vania.  They were characterized by distin-  few months later to St. Josephs, Mich.
guished ability and wide research.             During his residence here, he kept a hotel,
Dr. McGeorge was married on September carried on the work of a farm, and became
15th, I869, to Anna Frances Pullen, the  for the first time interested in the management
youngest daughter of Hon. Isaac Pullen, by  of a paper.  Ill health following, he removed
whom he has had two children, both boys.    to Cleveland, and from  there to Cincinnati,
He is a very earnest and persevering man, entering the office of one of the leading padevoting his whole energies to any project he  pers of that day.  Not long after he took up
may take up, and never admitting the possi-  his residence here, he assumed the charge of



I1OM(EOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              249
the commercial department of the Ci'ciulznati those who apply to him for advice or medical
C(7ronicle, and while so connected, established  assistance.
T5e Price CGirreznt, publishing and editing it    He is pleasantly surrounded by a large
for five years. Upon the opening of the Mer- family relationship.
chants' Exchange, he assumed charge as Superintendent, continuing to hold the position
for nearly three years, when he was induced
to remove to Perry county, Tenn., hoping              ONES, ELIJAH  UTLEY, MI. D.,
thereby to be benefi.ted in his health, which I  l  of Taunton, Mass., was born in
had again become impaired.                              Autusta,  Me., May 2nd, 1826.
After a short residence here, he put into             Of his parentage and ancestry we
practice the knowledge of medicine he had  have no definite information.  His early eduacquired through reading and through private  cation was received in Augusta.  He entered
suggestions from professional acquaintances in  Waterville College, Me., in his fifteenth year;
Cincinnati.  In February, 185I, he again re-  afterwards he taught school for six years, and
moved, settling in Boone county, Mo., and  commenced the study of medicine in Gardiner,
two years after became interested in a news- Me., in the office and under the direction of
paper, published in Columbia, which he edited  Dr. W. P. Jackson.  He attended the Maine
and published for three years, still attending  Medical School in Brunswick, Me., and then,
to some extent to the calls made upon him as entering the Homceopathic Medical College
a physician.  At the close of his management in Philadelphia, graduated in I853.  Ihnmein Columbia, he located permanently in Jef- cliately after his graduation, le settled  in
ferson City, becoming Assistant Editor of the  Dover, N. H., and, in I854, moved to Taunthen official paper of the State, the Examiner, ton, Mass., where he still resides, engaged in
and upon the inauguration of Robert M. Stew- the active duties of his profession.  During
art, Governor of Missouri, accepted the posi- tlhe past four years, he has served as Secretary
tion of Private Secretary, holding the office  of the Massachusetts Medical Society.  In
over two years.  As during these two years  this position, uwhich involves a large amount
he had practised medicine to some extent, he  of labor, he has acquitted himself with adllinow gave more time and attention to his pro-  rable efficiency, and has contributed largely to
fessional duties, adding to this the task of  its present standing and usefulness. He edited
editing the MJissozuri EScticaZor.          the first volume of its proceedings, covering a
In the fall of i864, he became Editor of the  period of twenty years; and has written and
State Times, and some months later received  published a valuable and interesting work on
the appointment of Clerk of the United States  the " Early History of Homceopathy in MasDistrict Court for the Western District of  sachusetts."  He is at present one of the ediMissouri, retaining the office between six and  tors of the NJVe  E~nglanzd Mledical Gazelle.
seven years.  In I866, he began to preach as
a minister of the New Jerusalem Church, of
which he had long been a member, and was
ordained five years later.                            ODDINGTON, FANNY R. R., M.
He is devoted to his calling, and expects to          D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was born
serve the remainder of his time as a minister           in New York on April 3rd, I831.
of these doctrines, but has continued to furnish        Her father, John J. Rickers, a
medicine to those who desire it until he shall native of East Friesland, Holland, served
find a suitable successor.  Of nervous term- with great honor in the Prussian Army as
perament and slight of form, he is full of  Aid-de-camp to General Bliicher, receiving
activity.  Inclined to shrink from publicity as the Iron Cross of the Legion of Honor, on
a physician, he yet patiently administers to  the defeat of Napoleon the Great at the Battle



250                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPA;DIA OF
of Waterloo.  On various other occasions he  generation in descent from Sir Thomas Haywas the recipient of awards of honor from  ward, who came from England and settled in
King Frederick William, being favored with  Duxbury, Mass., in the year I635.
three medals in addition to the much prized    The family have an enviable local reputaIron Cross. Not only was he distinguished  tion for truth, honor and integrity as well as
as a soldier; he was a remarkable scholar industry.  Elisha Hayward, an uncle of the
and linguist, speaking fluently seven  lan- subject of this sketch, was a physician of the
guages.  After the declaration of peace he  old school in Raynham, where his name is
came to the United States, where he married  still reverently cherished by the few patrons
Miss Annie Baker, of Bozrah, Conn., and lo- who survive him.
cated finally in New York.  The subject of    Dr. Hayward received his early physical
this sketch, his fifth child, received her edu- training upon the farm.  He graduated fronm
cation in the public schools of New York. the State Normal School at Bridgewater in
In I848, she married John M. Coddington. July, IS6o, and  immediately after entered
Early in life she had manifested great interest upon his preliminary medical studies, more
in the study of- medicine, and being some  with a view to use the knowledge which he
years later thrown upon her own resources, should gain therefrom  in teaching, than with
she turned instinctively to the medical pro- the thought of becoming a physician; but
fession as a means of livelihood.  Taking  each advancing step strengthened the desire
counsel with Mrs. Dr. Lozier, she was en- to go farther; and he devoted his whole time
couraged by that eminent lady to place her- to the study of medicine.  He attended his
self under her tuition. This she did, and all first course of medical lectures at Harvard
through her course of study was guided, di- Medical College, in the winter of I862-'63.
rected, and materially assisted by that gifted  Immediately after the close of the lectures, he
and noble woman.  In due course of time, was appointed Medical Cadet of the United
Mrs. Coddington attended lectures at the Ho- States Army, after passing the requisite exmceopathic Medical College for Women, of  amination by the regular army board in PhilaNew York city, Professor Mrs. C. M. Lozier,. delphia.  He served his term of enlistmentDean, and graduated in the first rank, in  one year-in general hospitals in Memphis,
I867.  After graduating, Mrs. Coddington  Tenn., and Louisville, Ky., after which he
commenced practice in Brooklyn, where she returned to New England, and took his destill remains, and where she has met with  gree of M. D. from  the Medical School of
much success.                              Maine in June, I864. Immediately after takMrs. Coddington is eminently fitted for the  ing his degree, he passed a rigid examination
duties of a female physician.  She has great before the Army Board in New York, and
nerve and presence of mind, combined with  was commissioned Assistant Surgeon United
singular gentleness of nature and the most de- States Volunteers. He was ordered to report
licate refinement. An earnest student also, to Major General B. F. Butler, then in comand devoted heart and soul to her profession, mand of the Department of Virginia, and
she has a brilliant and useful future before her. Army of the James, and having his Headquarters at Bermuda Hundreds, Va. Assigned
to duty with the Artillery Brigade of the Ioth
Army Corps, he went through most of the
AYWARD, JOSEPH  WARREN, Petersburg and Richmond campaigns, havM. D., of Taunton, Mass., was ing a large surgical observation and expeborn July I th, I84I, in Easton, rience.  In the winter of i864-'65, after the
Mass. He is the youngest son of  relief of General Butler, and the assignment
George Washington Hayward, who is pro- of General Ord to the command of the debably the only one now living of the fourth  partment, he was transferred from the Ioth



HOM(COPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             251
Army Corps to Headquarters, and was present         L M STED, CHARLES  C., M.
at the fall of Petersburg and the surrender           D., of Fond du Lac, Wis., was
of General Lee at Appomattox Court House.             born in Middlebury, Vt., DecemA few days after the surrender, General Ord           ber I9th, I839, where he lived
established his headquarters at Richmond, with his parents until I850, when they moved
and he was placed  on duty as Assistant to Fond du Lac.  He had a good common
Medical Director of the Department, and  school education.  He began the study of
soon after was promoted major by brevet. medicine when  in  his seventeenth  year,
He served as Assistant Medical Director reading during his first year with Dr. F. J.
until his application for discharge was ac- Patchen, of Fond du Lac, and the balance
cepted November 24th, i865.                with Dr. Cornelius Ormes, of Panama, ChauAbout the first of December, he opened an  tauqua county, N. V. After attending two
office on east Twelfth street, New York city, courses in the Cleveland Hommcopathic Coland in  connection  with  his professional lege, he graduated, in his twentieth year,
duties there, he attended lectures at various  February 28th, I86O.  He practised  two
medical colleges in that city. The conversa- years in Geneva, O., four years in Painestion which led him to investigate homceo- ville, O., and six and a half years in Fond
pathy occurred while he was in Richmond. du Lac, locating there in I867.  Since his
An allopathic physician of considerable re- graduation, he has been in constant practice,
pute, a prominent member of the Board of  excepting six months, when his health would
Ilealth, in his search for cholera remedies, not permit attention to his professional worlk.
desired to find the one used by homceopathi'c  He assisted at the organization of the Westphysicians, saying that in both epidemics, ern Institute of Homceopathy, in Chicago,
which had occurred since his recollection, and was, for two years, a member of the
the homoeopathists had been much more suc- Board of Censors for the Ohio State Medical
cessful than the allopathists, and it was his  Society.
opinion that they had stumbled upon some    His whole attention for thirteen yea's has
remedy which had a specific effect in cholera, been devoted to"his practice and the conas quinine has in intermittent fever. In Dr. stant study that makes a good physician, and
Hayward's search for this remedy, he dis- his almost unvarying success in practice
covered that it was the homceopathic know- attests that his quiet work is to some purledge and application of a principle instead  pose. He is one of the firmest adherents of
of a remedy which gave them success.       homceopathy, having done much in his State
In March, I866, he came to Taunton, to increase the faith of the people in it, and'Mass., and in April of the same year, entered  has won the respect and confidence of all
into co-partnership with Dr. George Barrows. classes of practitioners by his straight forIn June, he was married to  Lemira II. ward course in his profession. His already
Drake, of Easton.  In July, I867, he was large practice and great success in treatment
commissioned Surgeon of the 3d Regiment insure him a promising career for the future.
Massachusetts Volunteers Militia, which position he still holds. A very pleasant partnership with Dr. Barrows was continued until
April, I872, a period of six years, when it         REBS, FRANK  HUGO, M. D.,
was relinquished by mutual consent.  He is            of Boston, Mass., was born in
now assiduously working by himself for the            Sackish Silesia, Prussia, on Deadvancement of the cause, and the good of             cember 3d, I823, and is the
his fellow men. What he has already ac- youngest son of Weastrel Krebs, proprietor.
complished offers assurance of increased Losing his mother when only seven years of
usefilness.                                age, his father sold his estate and moved to



252                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
Glatz where he attended the town school menced the practice of medicine.  Meeting
until his fourteenth year.  He then was ap- frequently with homceopathic physicians, —
prenticed to a furrier, with whom he served  many of them men of high culture,-he was
three years.  In order to perfect himself in  led into a careful examination of the system
his trade, he travelled two years, visiting the  as founded by Hahnemann, and at the exprincipal cities of Germany.  When nineteen  piration of one year, adopted the system, and
years of age, he entered the military and  commenced practising upon it exclusively.
served in the artillery in Breslau.  He was  His knowledge of the idioms of the English
one of three who where chosen from  his  tongue was as yet very limited, and as soon
company to enter the brigade school to at- as he attained a sufficient acquaintance with
tain a high military education,-an arrange-  these, he  entered  the  Harvard  Medical
ment designed to cultivate an ardor for a  School, where he graduated in I859.
military career,-but after an attendance of    In I869, he revisited his native place, and
two years, he took his discharge.  During  devoted himself, in Berlin and Vienna, to
his connection with the military, his father the study of gynecology and obstetrics, subdied, and left thus, very much to his own  jects in which he had always had a very deep
guidance, he spent much of his time in the  interest.  Dr. Krebs is recognized as a phystudy  of anatomy, visiting the dissecting  sician of considerable talents.
rooms and attending medical lectures.
Leaving Prussia, he visited Russia, where,
during his sojourn, he visited Odessa, the
principal cities of southern Russia, and the         ARSONS, WILLIAM  H., M. D.,
Caucasus.  Arriving at Tiflis, he made the              of Atchison, Kans., was born in
acquaintance of Dr. Von Andrejentsky, Sur-;           St. Clair, Mich., on October 22d,
geon General, and physician to the Prince               I842.  Having lost both parents
Woronzow, Governor of the Caucasian prov- in his early childhood, he started in life at
inces., This acquaintance was probably the  the age of thirteen years, entirely dependent
means of confirming his interest in medical on his own exertions, and determined to obstudies.  Dr. Von Andrejentsky entrusted to  tain a good education, cost what it might.
his care a large estate called Dreux, nearly  Though meeting with many of the difficulties
ten miles from Tiflis. While in charge of  which usually beset boys attempting to carve
this estate, he had frequent opportunities of  their own fortunes, his courage never failed,
prescribing for the sick among the peasantry, nor his resolve to become a useful member
and, meeting with much success in his treat-  of society.  His early years were passed
ment of diseases, he made up his mind to  alternately on a farm and at school until, at
devote himself exclusively to the study of  the age' of seventeen, he made up his mind
medicine.  After a residence of eighteen  to become a physician, and entered college,
months at Dreux, he resigned his situation  where he studied for about two years.  On
and went to Odessa.  In February, I849, he  the breaking out of the late war, Dr. Parsons
left in the steamer for Constantinople, with  felt that his place was at the front, and enthe intention of visiting Palestine.  In Con- listed as a private in the ranks, but, on acstantinople he made the acquaintance of Dr. count of his knowledge of medicine, was
Clark, of Edinburgh, who advised him  to  soon detailed, first as steward then as assissail immediately for America.  Travelling  tant surgeon in General Field Hospitals, servwith Dr. Clark in Greece and  Italy, he  ing until August Ist, I865.  During this
reached Palermo, and on the gth of May, set time he profited largely by the many opporsail for Boston, where he arrived on the I6th  tunities afforded him for improvement in his
of June. After a journey of six weeks in the  profession, particularly in surgery, his favorWest, he returned to Boston, where he com- ite branch,-he having been for some time



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               253
disgusted with  the confusion of ideas in  the winters.  In June, I844, he entered the
therapeutics and practice,-and was con- Norwich University (military) at Norwich,
sidered, by his superiors, a skilful operator Vt., from which institution he graduated in
for a student.                              August of 1847.  Two terms previous to
After he had left the service, wishing to  that time, he was engaged in teaching in the
perfect his knowledge of medicine, he en- Academy at Canaan, N. H., where he retered Ann Arbor College, but was compelled, mained until the close of the spring term of
by failing health, to abandon his studies, and  1848.  The  following  autumn, he  combecame- travelling agent for a commercial menced the study of medicine with Dr.
house, visiting, in the course of two years, Mitchell M. Davis, of Norwich, Vt., and in
most of the States and Territories.  When  the winter of I849-'50, he attended a private
he had regained his health, he decided to  course (a reading term) of lectures at Woodstudy homceopathy, and entered the office of  stock, Vt., given by Dr. Rush Palmer, and
Dr. HIubbard, his present partner; attending  subsequently two public courses, graduating
lectures at the Hahnemann Medical College  at Castleton, Vt., in November, I85I.  He
of Chicago, where he remained for three  was then engaged for seventeen years in
years, enjoying many special advantages, and  practice as an allopathic physician in New
working generally in concert with the sur-  Iampshire and Vermont, moving at the end
geons in their operations before the class and  of that period to Lowell.
in Scammon Hospital.  In the spring of    The winter of I868-'69 (having previously
1871, Dr. Parsons graduated at the head of  been led to see sonie of the advantages of
his class, and was also at the time President the homceopathic practice), he spent in Philof the  Hahnemann  Institute in Chicago. adelphia, matriculating at, and graduating
After leaving college, he remained in Illi- from the Pennsylvania Homceopathic Medinois for a short time, and then concluded to  cal College in February, I869.  He then
go West, arriving in Atchison in October, returned to Lowell, where he has since been
I871. Here his practice is large and steadily  engaged in active practice, and where he has
increasing, his knowledge, skill, and experi- had, by his successful application of the prinence winning him the confidence and esteem  ciples of the new and scientific treatment,
of his patients and of the community at many striking evidences of its superiority.
large.                                         He has been twice married, his first wife
_ ——..-C —-                dying early and without children.
Lowell, Mass., was born in Hartland, Windsor county, Vt., on             AMES, ISAAC, M. D., of Bustlethe 15th  day of August, I821.              ton, Pa., was born in Radnor
His father was a farmer, with whom  he                  Township, Delaware county, in
lived until twenty-one years of age. He had             the same State, in the year I777.
a good taste for reading and took a lively  He received a good plain education.  In his
interest in the public schools, which his son  thirteenth year, he joined the membership
attended until twenty years of age, at which  of the Methodist Episcopal Church; eight
time he was sent to a select school in Hart- years later, he was licensed to exhort, and
land, Vt. After attaining his majority, he  two years afterwards to preach.  Ite was orattended a second term at the same school, dained in  8o06 by Rev. Mr. Asbury, and in
teaching the following winter, and entering  I849 by Bishop Marsh as an elder. In I785,
the New  England Seminary, at Windsor, when he was baptized, the whole memberVt., at the close of his school, where he re- ship of the M. E. Church, in the United
mained five terms, continuing to teach during  States, was but I8,ooo, with only I04 preach



254                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP/EDIA OF
ers.  After a. time, he deemed it advisable to  of extraordinary activity and of great usefulstudy medicine, but, while attending lectures  ness.  His services to the cause of homceoand afterwards all through his career as a  pathy, and of the M. E. Church have been
practitioner, he continued to preach, once, of a distinguished character.  Among other
twice, or oftener every week.  His special efforts, it may be mentioned that he started
study in the medical profession has been that religious worship at Rockland in I830; at
of the diseases of women and  children. Somerton in I834, and at Sandyford in I836.
Many years ago, he was led to examine the  He is now the oldest living Methodist in the
principles of homceopathy, and after a care-  world.  As a physician, preacher, and poliful examination with long-continued experi- tician, he has always been firee from conservaments, he became convinced of the benefi- tism, honest to his convictions, fearless and
cence  of the  new  school; adopted  its  out-spoken.  He possesses remarkably clear
doctrines in his practice, and has continued  judgment and quick perception.
a consistent homoeopath to the present time.    Since his boyhood, Dr. James has kept a
During his life, he has made many changes full diary, and these old manuscripts contain
of residence.  He removed from Radnor to  numberless items of much interest.
Trenton in I8i6; from Trenton to Philadelphia in 1826; from Philadelphia to Radnor
in 1828; firom Radnor to Feasterville, Bucks
county, in I834; from Feasterville to Hume-          CHMIDT, JACOB, M. D., was
ville 1835; from  Humeville to Bustleton in            born in Kreuznach, province of
1836; from  Bustleton to Holmesburg in                 the Rhine, Prussia, June 29th,
I839; and from that place back to Bustleton            I8I3.  HIe  received  his early
in I852.  After practising for a year in the  education at the government High Gymnalast mentioned place, where he now resides, sium at Kreuznach, where he remained until
he retired from active service on accou'nt of  the age of nineteen.
old age, with the honors of a wvell spent pro-    The Prussian law requires that avery ablefessional life resting on his brow.         bodied man, on arriving at the age of twenty,
Dr. James was married in early life, and  shall serve in the army, but a privilege is achas had nine children, six of whom have at- corded to those who voluntarily enter before
tained their majority, while several have be- the age of twenty, that is, they are allowed
come favorably known in the city of Phila- to select the corps in which they prefer to
delphia.  John F. James, for thirty-three  serve. Availing himself of this arrangement,
years, filled the position of Actuary in the  the subject of this notice made his choice,
Girard Life Insurance Company until his  and entered the Engineer Corps at the age
decease. Thomas P. James was for many  of nineteen, in which he served his full time.
years a wholesale druggist in that city, and  At the termination of this period, he underis well known in his past connection with  went a very rigid examination before a milithe Philadelphia Horticultural Society, being  tary commission, which resulted in his proaccounted one of the best botanists in the  motion to the rank of officer in the Reserve
city,-lichens and mosses being his specialty. Corps.
He now resides in Cambridge.  Dr. David    In I836, he left his native land and came
James is a prosperous and widely respected  to the United States, where he quickly found
homceopathic physician.  Samuel N. James, employment for his professional ability in a
who now lives with his father at Bustleton, Corps of Civil Engineers.  He continued to
was engaged in Philadelphia as a druggist follow  this occupation until he was prosfor years.  He is a member of the Local trated by a severe attack of illness in PhilaCollege of Pharmacy.                        delphia.  Dr. F. C. Hussmann, then assisThe whole life of Dr. James has been one  tant to Dr. C. Hering, was called in to attend



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             255
him, and after having restored him  to his   In the year I867, the degree of M. D. was
former health, recommended him strongly to  conferred on him by the Homceopathic Mediabandon his present occupation and adopt cal College of Philadelphia. Whenever an
the profession of homceopathic medicine in  opportunity has offered, he has always deits place.  Through the influence of Dr. fended the system and denounced those who
Hussmann, he was received by Dr. Hering  strove to misinterpret it, and in so doing has
as a student in his office and an inmate in  been instrumental in putting the science on a
his family. He remained with his preceptor, sure and honorable basis, and in making
studying and practising under his supervision  many converts.  He is the author of numerfor three years, when he received a flattering  ous polemical papers, all tending to the same
testimonial and certificate from that physi- end, and all exhibiting the ability which has
cian, recommending him as a skilful prac- characterized him  in every position he has
titioner of homceopathic medicine.  He had, occupied.  From what we have seen of his
during this time, attended lectures at the  writings, he has shown himself to be a
Pennsylvania College (allopathic), and re  worthy antagonist in any controversy, and
ceived the degree of Doctor of Homceopathic  his force of reasoning is a sure proof that he
Medicine from the Homceopathic Institution, is a skilful and learned man; well acquainted
situated at Allentown, Pa., at that time the  with the old as well as modern languages,
only institution of the kind in the United  and well versed in matters of science having
States, and was also elected a member of the  a bearing on the practice of the healing art.
American Institute of Homceopathy on the
ioth of April, I844.                                     -     _
Being now prepared, he sought an opportunity to commence practice, which soon  l          CHNEIDER, N., M. D., of Cleveoffered in Baltimore, in which city homceo-           land, O., was born in Wentworth
pathy was then but indifferently practised.           county, Ontario, Canada, in the
He, therefore, concluded to remove thither            year I839, and is of German
to ascertain what could be effected.  His  parentage.  He was educated at Hamilton,
views were then and are still to carry out the  Ontario, and at the Baldwin University in
principles laid down by Hahnemann, and  Ohio, and graduated in medicine and sursome of his more prominent followers, to the  gery at the Cleveland Homccopathic Medical
letter, and, in spite of opposition from  his College in the spring of I864, since which
adversaries, he steadily persevered in this time he has remained in Cleveland, busily
course, with the most marked success.      engaged in the practice of his profession.
It will not be out of place, in connection  In i866, he was appointed Surgeon to the
with the above, to quote a passage from  a  Lake Shore and Michigan Southern RailBaltimore paper of June I8th, I871, which, road, which position he still holds, performtliouglh of a later date, expresses the state of  ing its duties most acceptably to the comaffairs in that city as Dr. Schmidt found them: pany and to the sufferers who come under
"Dr. Schmidt," it says, "is the leading  his care.  In I869, he was appointed to the
homneopathic physician in Baltimore.  He  Chair of Surgical Anatomy in the Cleveland
may be said to be the father of homceo- College, his Alma Mater, and in 1871, repathy in this city. Before his coming here, ceived the appointment of Professor of Surit was practised mostly by eclectic hybrids, gery in the same college, which position he
who used whatever system their patients pre- still occupies; and, if we may be allowed to
ferred.  Dr. Schmidt has always adhered  judge, the Cleveland College has been most
closely to the precepts of Hahnemann, and  fortunate in its acquisition of his services.
if a pillicule could cure a broken leg he  His thorough knowledge of anatomy anl
would use no splints."                     pathology, and his acknowledged skill as aa



256                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
operator render him  an accomplished sur- menced the practice of medicine, but becomgeon, while his genial manner, his patient ing converted to the truths of homceopathy,
effort, and his happy faculty of so expressing  changed his treatment and established himhimself that the dullest mind must compre- self in that line. In this field he successfully
hend, make him a most efficient, successful, practised from  I848 to I857. Desiring to
and popular teacher.                       give his sons the advantages of education, he
removed to New York, and was immediately
placed on the medical staff of the United
States Homceopathic Dispensary, of which
ILENTHAL, SAMUEL, M. D., he is now senior physician.  Dr. Lilenthal is
of New York city, was born at a much esteemed member of the HomceoMunich, Bavaria, December 5th, pathic Medical Societies of New York.  He
I8I5.   His father was a mer- also fills most honorably one of the chairs in
chant of Munich.  He gave to his sons the  the New York Homceopathic Medical Colbest educational advantages, sending Samuel lege, and is Professor of Theory and Practice
to the Gymnasium  in Munich, and after- at the New York College for Women.  He
wards to the university of that city. Here  is now editor of the  o-Vortz Ailzeriican  o urhis preceptor was Dr. Schlagintwait, father  tavl of Honm.rool/a/y, and has been a contribuof the celebrated traveller of that name. tor for a number of years, and is now assisAfter graduating with full honors, he was tant editor of the Chicago  znvestig-a/or and
entrusted with a position in the city hospital. the Detroit Observer.  He has found the
This, however, he did not long hold, being  land of freedom  to "flow with milk and
persuaded to join some friends emigrating to  hcney; " prosperity has attended his steps,
America. Letters of introduction from Pro- and he finds himself repaid for the early sacfessor Schubert, of the Munich University, rifice of his friends and beloved fatherland;
were furnished him; these were directed to  eminence and distinction in his profession,
parties in Allentown, Pa., where Dr. Wessel- social position, and the love and esteem of
hmft then had charge of the Homceopathic  the community, are the rewards of a life
Institute. Although the young emigrant had  spent in assiduous devotion to the duties of
listened to lectures in Munich on homceo- his calling.
pathy, he still clung to the regular school,
and settled down to the practice of it in Lancaster, Pa. Here his profession was just be-        EFFERDS, GEORGE P., M. D.,
coming lucrative when  he was forced to          -   of Bangor, Me., was born  at
abandon it on account of failing health.              Kennebunkport, Me., on  May
Going South, he located on the Savannah               7th, I816.  Preparatory to enRiver, where he practised for a number of  tering college, he studied at the academies
years.  Here he married Miss Caroline Net-  at Andover, Mass., and Limerick, Me.  In
tre, the love of his youthful years, who cour-  1834, he entered  Bowdoin  College, Me.
ageously followed him to the country of his After graduating, he was, from  October,
adoption. All his prospects were now bright  I839, to August, I842, principal of Alfred
and encouraging, and he looked upon this Academy, Me., and Nashua Academy, N.
location as a permanency. But the health of  H. Then he pursued medical studies, athis wife gave indications of becoming seri- tending lectures at Harvard Medical School,
ously impaired by the malaria of the river. and at Bowdoin Medical School. He reContinued and increased suffering from in- ceivecl his degree from the latter institution
termittent fever, compelled the doctor to  in I845, graduating with high honors.
take her north. Locating in Haverstraw,    He began  practice at Kennebunkport,
Rockland  county, N. Y., he again com- taking the place of a physician who had en



258                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
Society; and in I87I, was elected one of the    In October, I868, he joined three other
Vice-Presidents of the same. For a number homoeopathic physicians in forming a new
of years he has been Secretary to the North- dispensary, which was incorporated under
ern New York Homceopathic Medical So- the name of the Metropolitan Homceopathic
ciety.  He was Examining Surgeon for the  Dispensary, and for two years held the offices
Pension Bureau for three years, but, with  of House Physician and Secretary to the inothers, was dismissed because of his being a stitution. After relinquishing his connection
homceopathist.                             with the dispensary, he continued in private
Among the recreations of Dr. Holden's practice in New York city until I872.
life, literary and historical studies have occu-   In I872, he graduated at the Homceopathic
pied a prominent place, much of his leisure  College in New York.  In the commencebeing devoted thereto. At this writing he  ment of that year the failing health of his
has nearly ready for the press an elaborate  wife entirely broke down, and decided him
history of the town in which he resides. He  in leaving New York city and seeking a
has for many years been a correspondent for practice in the country.  After some conthe press, and his abilities and acquirements  sideration  he selected  Glen  Cove, Long
have been recognized by his appointment as Island, as the field of his future labors. Here
honorary and corresponding member of sev- he is now located, and is rapidly establishing
eral learned societies.                    himself in a large practice and in the confidence of the people.
Dr. Powell is the author of a valuable
paper on " Topical Applications in the TreatOWELL, HENRY   EDWARD, ment of Ulceration of the Os Uteri," which
M. D., of Glen Cove, Long Island, was read before the New York State Homa    N. Y., was born at Basingstoke, ceopathic Medical Society at their winter
Hampshire, England, on May  semi-annual meeting; and of a paper on
20th, I836. His father was Henry Powell, "Intermittent Fever."  Both these papers
and his grandfather Rev. William  Powell, are published in the " Records of the Society's
B. A. He was educated at Stockwell Gram- Transactions," vols. 8 and 9. They evidence
mar School, London, which was conducted  a degree of ability, and an acquaintance with
strictly on the collegiate system. After com- the subjects, which give assurance to the propleting his classical education, he assisted for fession and the public that his talents will be
some years his father, who was an allopathic  devoted more largely to the advancement of
physician, practising in London, England.   the work which lies nearest to his heart. His
In I858, he married the daughter of a future years will, we are persuaded, amply
merchant residing near London, by whom he  fulfil the promise of the past.
has two daughters. In the same year he became convinced of the truth of homoeopathy,
and placing himself under Dr. E. G. Alabone,
a homceopathic physician of very extensive  I-a-   ILLER, ISAAC  S., M. D., of
practice in London, remained with him four l       {  Hartford, Conn., was born  at
years.  In I865, he was admitted a member             Little Falls, N. J., May 28th,
of the United Society of Chemists and Drug-           1819.  His father, William Milgists, in London; and in I866, received the  ler, Esq., was a lawyer in New Jersey, and
diploma of the Cleveland  Homceopathic his mother was a daughter of General RichCollege. In October, I867, he accepted the  ard Dey, and a sister of Anthony Dey, Esq.,
position of Resident Physician to the Bond  a celebrated lawyer of New  York.  Left
Street Homceopathic Dispensary, in  New  motherless at the early age of four years, he
York, retaining the position one year.     was adopted by his uncle, J. S. Miller, a man



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS..                         259
well known for his great wealth, and the  and fitted by his education to fill any posinoble uses to which he applied it. By him  tion, he rose rapidly by promotion to become
he was intended for the medical profession, first mate of a ship.
and early commenced the requisite prepara-    After meeting with a variety of adventures,
tion for it; but the sudden death of his patron  incident to those " who go down to the sea in
changed all his plans, and he became a clerk  ships," during a period of eight years, he
in the Merchant's Exchange Bank, New  abandoned his calling and commenced the
York. For a number of years he was busily  study of medicine, with all his physical and
engaged in banking and mercantile life, but mental powers restored. In I859, he entered
spent much of his leisure time in ministering  the office of Dr. William E. Payne, of Bath,
to the poor among the crowded tenement and after profiting by his instruction for some
houses of the city.  His business engage- time, he passed through the lecture courses
ments hindered his devotion to the study of  of the New  York Homoeopathic Medical
medicine.  He accumulated a fortune, but, College, graduating in 1862.
losing his health, he spent two years at a    In October of the same year he located for
Saratoga medical institute in endeavors for practice in Wiscasset, Me., where for over
its recovery, pursuing, while there, the study  ten years he has been engaged in advancing
of diseases. After many years, during which  the cause of homceopathy by devotion to his
he never lost sight of the profession of his professional duties and by his unwearied atchoice, he graduated, in  I868, from  the  tention to his patients, and his skilful appliTwenty-sixth Street Medical College in New  cation of remedies according to the true
York, and settled in Connecticut. Here he  homceopathic law of cure.
has secured a large practice, and is gaining,
by his wonderful success among the sick, a
character for fidelity and a reputation for
skill of which he may well be proud.  He            ARNSWORTH,  CHARLES
has had many cases under his care which had           HENRY, M. D., of East Cambeen pronounced incurable, and has rapidly            bridge, Mass., was born on the
restored them.  He is wholly devoted to his           14th day of June, 1823, at Portpractice, giving no time or thought to aught land, Me. His grandfather, Samuel Farnselse. When quite young he was married to  worth, who was a native of Groton, Mass.,
Miss M. Smith, of New Jersey, and later in  studied surgery with Dr. Kittredge, of Andolife to Miss Emily Chittenden of Connecticut, ver, and settled in Bridgeton, Me., then a
who is a student in the Women's Medical new township and sparsely settled, clearing
College, East Concord street, Boston, Mass., up a new farm and practising medicine and
and expects to graduate in March, and will surgery. His father, Samuel Farnsworth, Jr.,
devote her whole time to the practice of med- was a graduate of Dartmouth College, and
icine with her husband.                    also studied and practised medicine in his
native town, locating at North Bridgeton in
I817; but his education, preparatory to professional study, was received in North BridgAVAGE, JAMES W., M. D., of ton, Me. He commenced the study of mediWiscasset, Me., was born on the  cine in I843, with Dr. Thomas F. Perley, of
2Ist day of January, 1830, in  Bridgeton, attending his first course of lectures
Woolwich, Me. He received an  during the term of I843-'44, at the Harvard
academic education in Bath, in his native  College Medical School at Boston, and his
State, on the completion of which, finding  second course at the New York University
himself out of health, he went to sea, and by  Medical School, from which institution he
his industry and close attention to his duties, graduated during the term of I846-'47.



260                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPYEDIA  OF
He commenced to practise in his native    In i86o, he had become so strongly convillage, and remained there for seven years, vinced of the beneficence of homceopathy
when, wishing for a larger field to labor in, and so impressed with the importance of
and impressed with the belief that he had not studying it systematically, that he temporayet learned the best method of cure, he  rily gave up his practice, and attended lectures
turned his whole attention to the investigation  in the Homoeopathic College at Cleveland.
of homceopathy, and in the autumn of I855  Returning refreshed and strengthened, he
commenced its practice in Lawrence, Mass. continued to labor in his old field until 1865,
Here his marked ability and acquired advan- when he removed to Keokuk.  There he
tages secured him  a liberal patronage for still remains, and possesses a large number of
nearly three years; when, at the earnest professional and social friends.
solicitation of friends, he removed, on the Ist   Most of Dr. Ehinger's labor in the West
of June, I858, to his present location-East has been truly missionary, as homceopathy
Cambridge, Mass.  He has never sought or fifteen years ago was almost entirely unknown
held any public office, either political or in that section of the country. These pioneermilitary; but has devoted himself diligently  efforts will hardly be realized or appreciated
to the duties of his profession, encouraged  by an after generation, though richly deservby an extensive and successful practice, by  ing their gratitude. They will indeed reap
the earnest greetings of many warm  friends, where they have not sown, and enjoy in
and by the respect of the community in which  abundant measure the rewards earned but
he lives, and the confidence of the profession  hardly tasted by those who have borne the
with whom he is associated.  He is a mem- heat and burden of the day of battle with
ber of the  Massachusetts  Homceopathic  ignorance, prejudice and partisanship.  Dr.
Medical Society and of the American Insti- Ehinger himself, however, feels amply repaid
tute of Homceopathy.                      for all he has endured in the progress thus
far attained by homocopathy. Its cause never
had a more ardent advocate.
HINGER, GEORGE ERNEST,
i  M. D., of Keokuk, Iowa, was
born  in Speyer, Germany, on
December 28th, 1828.  His pa-           AHNESTOCK, WILLIAM   B.,
rents emigrated to the United States when he  1M. D., of Lancaster, Pa., was
was in his fifth year. Having received a             born in Lancaster, October I3th,
sound primary education, he became a student          1804, the youngest son of Dr.
in Western  Reserve  College, Ohio, and  S.-nucel Fahnestock of that place.  His early
graduated in 1853.                         education was limited in consequence of inHe settled down to the duties of his,pro- competent teachers; but at the age of fifteen
fession in Lee county, Iowa, in April, 1853, new systems were introduced and his proand for about five years faithfully continued  gress was rapid. At sixteen he commenced
his labors in accordance with allopathic prin- the study of Latin and Greek, and from time
ciples.  Although he had met with fully  to time was under his father's instructions in
average success in his practice, he then came  the various branches of medicine. At the
to the conclusion that the science of medicine  age of eighteen he was placed under the
ought to have something better to offer than  tuition of Dr. Joseph Parrish, of Philadelillopathy, and determined to search for it. phia, whose private lectures, together with
The something better he soon found in hom- those of Drs. Wood, Godman and others,
mopathy, into the study and practice of which  were attended for two years, during which
he entered with constantly increasing zeal time he also attended two full courses of
and confidence.                            lectures at the University of Pennsylvania,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           26I
and graduated in the spring of I825. In the  magnetism, electricity, galvanism, or nerwinter of I824, Dr. John D. Godman awarded  vous fluid, sympathy, or anything of the
him  the first honor in making anatomical kind, and was entered by the subject at
preparations.                              pleasure.
While with Dr. Parrish he invented a    In I839, his father died from the effects of
compress and truss which cured a case of  an operation (two years previous) for the
artificial aneurism in the arm of a lady under removal, by crushing, of an accumulation of
the care of Drs. Parrish and Physick; and  sand in the bladder.  During the operation
soon after his return to Lancaster, he in- the bladder was caught and severely injured
vented the celebrated " sector tonsillarum,'  -so  much so that shreds of the bladder
or " tonsillatome," now used by all surgeons passed away until the time of his death, when
of note throughout the world.              a post-mortem examination revealed the fact
He practised medicine and surgery with  that his bladder had positively and entir-c/
his father for some years, and at the age of  passed away.
twenty-five was married to Miss Maria Rei-   In I856, he was induced to investigate
gart, eldest daughter of Mr. Henry  M. homoeopathy; and in I86o, was one of the
Reigart, of Lancaster county.              attending physicians to the Lancaster County
In I830, he commenced the use of cold  Almshouse, where he practised homceopathy
water internally in the hot stages of fevers, with great success, as the records of that instiand sponging the body from head to foot tution will fully attest.
with the same, at intervals of half an hour, * In I863, upon the death of his mother
until an intermission was effected, when one  (aged ninety-two and one-half years) he regrain doses of quinine every hour were given  moved to Marietta, Lancaster county, and
until the fever returned; then the sponging  practised homceopathy in connection with
was renewed as before. Great success re- allopathy, in all cases where it was preferred.
suited from this treatment, and speedy cures He remained in Marietta until after the war,
were effected. Shortly after he used, with  and then removed to Lancaster as a more
the same results, cold water and ice inter- congenial field, and is now permanently lonally in scarlet fever, forbidding at the same  cated there. The second edition of his work
time all other medicines, especially purgazlives. on "Statuvolence, or Artificial SomnambuIn after years he sometimes gave small doses lism," was published in I872, and he is now
of aconite internally until the fever abated. engaged in treating diseases by statuvolence
Cold water was soon after administered in- that cannot be relieved by medicines, and is
ternally in measles, with the most decided  teaching the art to those who desire to teach
benefits; but here also purgatives were strictly  others.  He has been obliged for the last
forbidden.                                 three years to defend his theory against the
In I833, he opened a separate office, and, attacks of old magnetizers, and his communiupon witnessing some experiments in what cations to the -R. P. 7ournal, of Chicago,
was then called mesmerism or animal mag-  and the Banners of Lzot,/t, which were quite
netism, he was induced to investigate the  numerous, will show with what success he
nature of the condition.  He instituted many  has done so.
experiments, and, developed many important
facts, which were committed to paper in
1843, but the work was not published until         ALE, JOSIAH  BARTLETT, M.
I869. The most important facts, however,             D., of Salisbury, Mass., was born
were published in the Phiiadelyh/zia Spirit of        in Kingston, N. H., on January
the Tivzes, and in the Lancaster Intellzgenzcer       IIth, I803. He attended school
and 7ournal, of 1843; in both which he  at Kingston Academy, and afterwards at
stated that the condition was independent of Exeter, in the same State. His education



262                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP/EDIA  OF
was of a satisfactorily liberal character, em- write by a private teacher at home, and
bracing Latin and Greek, with the other having passed through all the classes, he enbranches comprised within the usual aca- tered upon the study of medicine under the
demic curriculum.  After completing his highly distinguished obermedicinalrath, Dr.
literary education, he taught school for sev- Fred. Von Hahn. He assisted him in the
eral winters.  Conceiving a taste for the  surgical clinic, during the lectures of three
medical profession, he commenced study with  years, in his operations and in his private
a view to adopting the same. After a pre- practice, having also the advantages of private
liminary course of reading, he attended lec- lectures, an extensive library, and a large
tures at Brown's University, under Drs. anatomical and pathological collection.
Wheaton, Pearson, De Wolf and Brown, in    Having passed a very good examination,
I824. He also studied under the direction  he attended for one year Paulus College, nllear
of his father, Dr. Amos Gale, Dr. Josiah  Stuttgart, to hear the philosophical and phiBartlett, of Streatham, N. H., and Dr. L. B. lological lectures.  He then, although the
Gale, a brother.                           youngest of thirty-nine candidates, of whom
After graduating he practised with his only six were accepted, passed the military
uncle for some time, after which he located  surgical examination as first in the class, and
in Salisbury, Mass., which has since contin- a few  weeks afterwards entered the army
ued to be his home.  IHe has established an. as a surgeon; becoming, during the following
extensive and remunerative connection by  winter, Prosecutor of Anatomy, and remainhis success and estimable personal qualities;  ing in active service as army surgeon for
During his career he has had some very  three years, when he took an indefinite leave
difficult cases to deal with, and he has of absence.  He had then attended medical
treated them with marked success. In one lectures for six years, witnessing during that
case he was called to attend a lady suffering  time the treatment by the most eminent phyfrom dropsy of the bowels. She was tapped  sicians of almost every possible case of dis
twenty-four times, and had  a very large  ease to be met with in life; but by these very
quantity of water drawn from her. She re- experiences suffering such a change in his
covered, and is now living in perfect health; former high estimate of medical science, that
the operation which effected her cure was he would probably have abandoned his properformed by Dr. Gale fifteen years ago.   fession altogether, had he not met with
Dr. Gale was educated in the allopathic  Hahnemann's "Organon,"  and witnessed
school, but some ten years ago his attention  several successful cures by means of the syswas drawn to the wonderful results of hom- tem of the great master of medical science.
ceopathic treatment, and he entered upon a  He then commenced to study, with great
close investigation of the system. This in- delight, the works of Hahnemann and other
quiry could have but one result. He became homceopathic physicians, and gradually exa homceopath, and has continued firm in the  changed the treatment of the old system for
faith and unswerving in the practice since that of the new; and after spending two
that time.                                 years more at the Universities of Tiibingen,
Ziurich and Strasburg, he came to this country in 1847, marrying here, and received his
ELLGER, ADOLPHUS, M. D., discharge-for which he had applied-from
of Philadelphia, was born on the  the army.  During his first five years' resiI4th day of June, I82I,in Gmiind, deuce here he made a zoological collection,
Wurtemberg.  His parents re- which he afterwards sent to his brother in
moving soon after his birth to Stuttgart, he  Stuttgart, who presented a part of it to the
entered the Latin School in his fifth year, Royal Polytechnic School of that city.
having been previously instructed to read and    Some years ago he received a small cut



626









4ifS
mo
a -a v



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           263
while making a post mortem  examination, enjoys a large and valuable practice, in which
from which he then, and many times subse- his success is proportionate. He is a member
quently, suffered very much, but front which  of the American Institute of Homceopathy,
he has been for some few years past quite  and of the Homceopathic Medical Society of
free, so that he has been able to attend to a Michigan.
very extensive practice.  He is a graduate
of the Pennsylvania Homoeopathic Medical
College, and the author of a pamphlet, dedi-       RADFORD, LEONARD   JARcated to the American Provers Union, which           VIS, M. D., of Sylvania, Bradwas well received and quoted by the late             ford county, Pa., was born OctoProfessor Coxe in one of his lectures. It was        ber I2th, I833, in  Ruttance,
entitled, "What acts in potentized medicine, Tioga county. He is the son of Joseph R.
and what shall guide us in the selection of  Bradford, formerly of Bristol, R. I., and
the dose? " A. large space could be profitably  grandson of Judge Daniel Bradford, who
devoted to his experiences in hospitals. The  was elected law judge of Bristol county, at
operations he saw  and performed; his ac- the age of twenty-five, and held the office
quaintance with many persons distinguished  until the time of his death.  He is a descenin science, art, and literature; his observations  dant of William  Bradford, one of the " Pilin the observatory of the celebrated Vallrath  grim Fathers," who came to this country in
Hoffmann, at Stuttgart, and Colonel Ziegler, the ship "Mayflower," and landed at Plyat Ziirich; his travels in vacation with his mouth, Mass.
professors, in  Germany, Holland, France,   His mother was a granddaughter of Dr.
Italy, and repeatedly in  Switzerland and  Thomas Monroe, a surgeon in the revoluTyrol, would furnish ample material for a tionary army, and who during the war was
highly interesting book.                  taken prisoner by the British and sent in a
prison-ship to England.   Owing to their
great privations the prisoners suffered intensely, but the doctor was powerless to relieve
ANCROFT, A. AUGUSTINE, M. them. An officer, with a party o.f gentlemen,
D., now of Lansing, Mich., was one day visited the ship for the purpose of
born in Nelson, O., April 26th, inspecting their condition, and  they con1836.  His father, David Ban- versed in Latin in relation thereto; the doccroft, was one of the pioneers of the State, tor being familiar with the language, adhaving emigrated from  Granville, Mass., in  dressed them in the same tongue, informing
1809. Having passed successfully through  them  of their needs, and asserting that he
his preparatory studies at Nelson Academy, could quickly relieve the unfortunate men if
he completed his academic course at Western  furnished with the desired remedies. These
Reserve College. He commenced his medi- the officer soon had sent on board, and the
cal studies under the allopathic tutorship of  doctor was able to alleviate much suffering.
Dr. John W. Hughes, of Cleveland, O., with    Soon after a daughter of the same officer
whom he studied two years, when he became  was taken seriously ill, and her life despaired
a convert to homceopathy.  He graduated  of; and he was induced to state her case to
from the Homoeopathic Medical College of  Dr. Monroe, who thought her not incurable,
Pennsylvania, in 1869.                    and believed he could promote her recovery;
Dr. Bancroft is held in high esteem as a he was accordingly furnished with a new
practitioner, and a gentleman of standing and  suit of clothes and taken to her residence;
ability in his profession.  His social position  where he prescribed for her and prepared the
ranks high, and his character is without stain  necessary remedies, and then returned to the
or reproach.  Although a young man, he  prison-ship; he continued to treat her until



264                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAIEDIA OF
she fully recovered.  As a reward for his wards entering the Homceopathic Medical
skilful services, her father procured  his  College, of that city, where he graduated, and
release, gave him  a purse of guineas and a  is now reaping the reward of his industry and
free passage to America; where he rejoined  perseverance in an extensive and lucrative
the army, and served until the close of the  practice.
war.
D1. Bradford, the subject of our sketch,
was reared to agricultural pursuits; his early        I N S L O    W, MRS. CAROLINE
education was limited, but his special desire          BROWN, M. D., was born Novbeing to practise medicine as a profession, he         ember Igth, 1822, in the parish
pursued his studies with all the energy, time,         of Appledore, county of Kent,
health, and means would permit, until the  England.  She came to the United States
late war, when he enlisted in the army as a when four years old.  Her parents were culprivate; he was detailed for hospital service, tivated, intellectual, and highly respectable.
and dispensed medicines to the regiment. Her father, Samuel Brown, was a scrupuously
He served in this capacity until the expira- honest man, a profound thinker, and a severe
tion of his term of enlistment, when he re- student, to the advanced age of eighty-one
turned to his studies.                      years and three months.  He died in Utica,
Predisposed in favor of homceopathy he  in the State of New York, June ioth, 1857.
attended a course of lectures at the Hornce-    Her mother was a faithful wife, a true and
opathic College  of Philadelphia, but for affectionate mother, an  exemplary  Chrisreasons connected with army interests, he  tian woman, and lived with her husband for
entered, and graduated at the University of  fifty years and four months.  She died at the
Pennsylvania.                               age of seventy-six years.
Through his untiring efforts, and zeal in    Miss Brown resided in Utica, N. Y., until
his chosen profession, he has profited much  her maturity, at which place she was eduby his studies and private researches.  He  cated, but in consequence of ill-health, her
commenced practice according to the homce- school days were not numerous.  In the
opathic system, and is meeting with a degree  spring of I850, she commenced the study of
of success which bids fair for a useful and  human anatomy under the supervision of R.
prosperous career.                          B. Gleason, M. D., at Glen-Haven, N. Y.,
Water Cure, and found it a healthy mental
exercise, a sort of intellectual gymnastic.
While there, her health  gradually and
ARD, E. R., M. D., of Baltimore, steadily improved, so much so, that in DeMd., was born in Georgetown, cember, x85I, Miss Brown went to CincinD. C., March 3Ist, 1825.  His  nati, O., to attend a course of lectures in the
father, George W. Ward, was a  Eclectic Medical College.  After attending
farmer in Montgomery county, Md., and  three full courses of lectures, she graduated
served in the war of I812, and his grand- with honor, in June, 1853.  It is worthy of
father, John Ward, in that of I776.         note that Miss Brown was the first female
He was educated at McCloud's Academy, graduate in medicine, west of the Allegheny
Washington, D. C., under a strict preceptor. Mountains.
Being thrown on his own resources, he en-    In July, I853, D:. Brown opened an office
tered mercantile life at an early age.  Having  at I78 Race Street, Cincinnati, where she
fortunately succeeded in acquiring a cornm- obtained a good practice.  Here, her attenpetency, his attention was directed towards  tion was called to the homceopathic system
medicine, and he studied homoeopathy under of practice, and after a careful examination
Dr. H. N. Guernsey, of Philadelphia, after- of its principles, and testing its efficacy in her



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                265
own practice, she became a convert to its    On July I5th, I866, the doctor married
sublime doctrines.                          Mr. Austin C. Winslow, an artisan of good
For the purpose of becoming more thor- abilities, skill, and cultivation.
oughly acquainted with this new system, and    Dr. Caroline Brown Winslow is a member
enjoying the advantages of the most com-  of the American Institute of Homceopathy,
petent instruction, in  October, 1855, Dr. and of the Homoeopathic Medical Society of
Brown matriculated in the Western College  the District of Columbia, also corresponding
of IHomoeopathy, at Cleveland, O.   She  secretary of the Moral Education Society of
gradluated with distinguished honor, Febru- this District.
ary 28th, I856.  Her father having become
enfeebled by age, and the sudden death of a
sister, leaving an infant to her charge, de-  I      INGSLEY, MARCUS, M. D., of
ternmined her to return to Utica, N. Y., her I    "i] Kingsville, Ashtabula county, O.,
parents' home.  Here Dr. Brown opened an                was born in the town of Barringoffice for the practice of homceopathy, where          ton, Yates county, N. Y., on the
she gained the confidence and esteem  of a  Isth day of March, I837.  He is of New
large circle of friends.  Dr. Brown, having  England descent.  On the completion of his
made the study of surgical diseases a promi- early education, he chose the profession of a
nent feature in her medical education, gave  physician, and commenced the study of mediparticular attention to the treatment of such  cine in the office, and under the instruction
diseases, and during her residence of nearly  of, Dr. George W. Noble, in Dundee, Yates
eight years in Utica, performed successfully  county, N. Y., in I856.  He attended the
several important and difficult operations.    medical lectures at the Cleveland HomceOn the death of her parents, being left opathic College, during the winter of I859free from their care, she, with a little girl'60, and soon after the completion of the
left to her charge by the  death  of her course located in Kingsville, where he has
sister more than seven years previous, re- since resided and continued.to practise.  On
moved to Washington, D. C., where, during  March 2nd, I87o, he was married to Miss C.
the last year of the war, Dr. Brown was a  S. Smith of Kingsville.
daily visitor to the military hospitals in and    In I863, he was elected honorary member
about that city, and by her skilful treat- of the Ontario and Yates County Medical
ment, using hommceopathic remedies covertly,  Society, in the State of New York.  He is
because of the iniquitous ruling of the Sur- also a member of the Ohio State Medical
geon-General, excluding  that practice from  Society, having been elected in I864, a conthe army, she thus became directly instru- sistent homceopathist, and highly successful
mental in saving many soldiers from an un- physician.
timely grave.  Her labor in the hospitals
was performed under the auspices of the New
York State Agency.                 -— ILLIAMS, CHARLES A., M. D.,
Much of her time was devoted to doing                of Joliet, Ills., was born in Calebusiness for the sick and wounded soldiers,             donia, Livingston county, N. Y.,
writing letters for them, and providing such           April 4th, 1840.  In  I847, he
comf )rts and delicacies am were needed, and  renmoved with his father to Penn Yan, N. Y.,
which could not be obtained under army  and in I855, to Jonesville, Mich.
regulations.                                  During these years, and up to I857, he had
Since the close of the war, the subject of  availed himself of his many educational adthis notice has practised homeopathy in this  vantages, and was well prepared to enter
city (Washington, D. C.), giving especial at- upon the study of his chosen professiontention to the diseases of women and children. medicine.



266                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPlEDIA OF
At this latter period —857 —he became  pleting in this way, by observation and study
the pupil of Dr. E. M. Hale-now professor of men living in different circumstances, that
in the Hahnemann Medical College of Chi- form of practical education so useful in the
cago-at Jonesville, Mich. Under Dr. Hale's  battle of life.  Returning home, where he
guidance and instruction, he pursued his was justly popular, he represented, in I855,
medical studies with a thoroughness rarely  the town of Pembroke, Mass., in the legislaequalled.  In 1859, and again in the spring  ture, and afterward filled many other offices
of I86o, he attended lectures at the Western  of trust in that town. On the ISth day of
Homceopathic Medical College, at Cleveland, September, I862, he enlisted in the United
0.  In the fall of I86o, he was in attendance  States service for nine months, and was apupon lectures, at the Hahnemann Medical pointed orderly sergeant and company clerk.
College of Chicago, and also in the spring  On the I3th and I4th of April, I863, he was
of I86I, at which time he had conferred  in the battle of Camp Birlaus, and on the
upon him the degree of M. D., being a mem-  I4th of June, in the same year, in the battle
ber of the first graduating class of that insti- before Port Hudson.  On his return home
tution.  After his graduation he returned to  from the army, he decided to fit himself for
Jonesville and remained with Dr. Hale till the responsible duties of the medical profesthe following November, when he removed  sion, for which he had a preference.  He
to North Adams, Mich., and commenced the  accordingly commenced the study of medipractice of his profession.  In a remarkably  cine under the direction of the well known
brief time, he built up a thriving and very  Dr. Edward R. Sisson, of New  Bedford,
successful practice, which he continued until Mass., and remaining under his instruction
the fall of I867.                          for three years, applying himself unremitAt this time his health had become much  tingly to the acquisition of a knowledge of
impaired by the incessant and severe labors his profession, he commenced its practice in
of his profession, and he was compelled for a his present place of residence, Falmouth, Mass.
while to relinquish his practice.  In the  Here he has continued for five years, disspring of I868, being somewhat improved in  charging his duties to the satisfaction of a
health, he was induced to locate at Joliet, large list of patrons, and by his influence aidIlls., and here he has enjoyed a full repeti- ing much in the cause of homceopathy, by
tion of his former prosperity and success. leading a great many to appreciate and to
Having given the subject of catarrhal disease  adopt its practice.
of the respiratory organs a large degree of
attention, in the spring of I872, he was appointed special lecturer on catarrhal disease
of the mucous membrane, in the Hahnemann           EST, JAMES ANSIL, M. D., of
Medical College of Chicago.                           Geneseo, N. Y., was born in
Utica, in the same State, on April
20th, I835, being the eldest son
of Amos S. West. In February, i840, his
HAYER, C. N., M. D., of Fal- parents removed to Rochester, in the commouth, Mass., was born on the  mon schools of which city, and in P,:ck's
26th of November, I828, in At- Institute, the subject of this sketch receiA ed a
tleboro, Mass.  He is of English  sound general education.  Having an inclidescent.  After completing his education, nation toward the life of a physician, he began
which was the best that could be afforded in  the study of medicine with the late Dr. M.
the section in which he lived, he devoted a M. Mathews, of Rochester, in February,
considerable time to an extensive tour in the  I853. This instruction he followed up by
United States and British Provinces, com- attending college lectures, but owing to the



268                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPTEDIA  OF
From here, he was summoned to attend his  and to obtain for its disciples, the esteem
uncle, Dr. Baker, of Middleboro', Mass., and love which -the noble devotion and
who was sinking under the excessive toils generosity of their class deserve.
and overwork common to pioneers. Upon
the death of Dr. Baker, his nephew  succeeded to the vacated practice.
In I866, he established himself at Worces-       OUGHTON, HENRY ARVI N,
ter, where he nowr holds a position of honor          M. D., of Keeseville, Clinton
and success.  Since then, he has been Presi-         county, N. Y., was born  on
dent of the Worcester County Homoeopathic             Christmas day, the 25th of DeMedical Society, and President of the Massa- cember, I826, at Lyndon, Vt. He is the
chusetts State Homceopathic Medical So- second son of Paul Houghton, Esq., of Lynciety, both which offices he has honored in  don, and received his education at the Lynthe holding.                               don Academy.  So great was his desire for
In politics, he has ever been a staunch  knowledge that he undertook to defray his
Republican, and was a prominent abolitionist own scholastic expenses by working during a
in the agitated times gone by.  Always portion of each year in the well-known scale
liberal and progressive in reference to ques- manufactory of Messrs. E. & T. Fairbanks,
tions of reform, he was naturally one of the  of St. Johnsbur'g, Vt., where he doubtless
first and most earnest advocates of the equal imbibed that interest in manufacturing purprivileges of women as members of the pro- suits which characterized him in after life.
fession.                                     He commenced his medical studies under
He was married to Miss Louisa Brainard, Dr. Darling, of Lyndon-the second conof Boston, in I867.  He is possessed of an  vert in the State to the doctrines of homceounbounded jolly good nature, which every- pathy.  He afterwards attended a course of
where serves its owner well, but nowhere  lectures at an allopathic college in Woodbetter than  in  administering  to  chronic  stock, Vt., finally finishing his course of
patients, in whose cures he has achieved  study at Philadelphia, Pa., where he graduunusual fame, imparting, by his peculiar ated in March, 1852.
personal influence and agreeableness, some-    He now began practising homceopathy, in
thing of his own hope and encouragement to  partnership with his old preceptor, in his
all who seek his aid.  He excels also in  native town; his success being so satisfacimparting from his surprisingly great fund of  tory that he felt justified in assuming the
hygienic information, conveying along with  responsibilities of a family.  He found a
the rules enunciated, a pleasant persua- congenial companion in Miss Sarah D. Page,
siveness which assures obedience, often so  of St. Johnsburg, and was united in marriage
hard to obtain, especially in cases of chronic  to her about this time.
disease.                                     After practising four years in Lyndon, he
Dr. Chamberlain has been and is equally  removed, by urgent invitation, to Keeseville,
as valuable to students, and younger mem-  a picturesque and thriving village on the Au
bers of the profession, as to his friends and  Sable river, where he has resided for sevenpatients. His ever-ready and generous aid, teen years, constantly occupied with an exfor all endeavors to know  more of the  tensive practice and numerous consultations,
science and practical workings of homceo- at the same time, however, finding leisure to
pathy, coupled with his indomitable and  interest himself deeply in the schools and
able zeal for its integrity and triumphs, en- various manufacturing industries of the disdear him to all the fraternity, and do much  trict in which he resides.
to place before the people the beneficence of    He was last year President of the New
the system in its own true and exalted light, York. State Homceopathic Society, and a



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           269
very enthusiast in his profession, taking great surgeon, under appointment of the United
delight in training the y6unger aspirants for States Government.
medical honors, of whom  he has already    He married  Miss Emily M. Sherman,
launched on the sea of life twenty, who are  daughter of Samuel Sherman, Esq., of Palnow successful physicians.                 myra, N. Y., November 22d, I849. After
The character of Dr. Houghton is a happy  an union of two years of entire happiness,
mixture of the stern unyielding nature of the  she died, leaving him one son. In 1854, he
Green  Mountain State and that generous married Miss Tirzah M. Brown, daughter of
sympathetic spirit which renders its possessor Dr. Jonah Brown, of Rochester, N. Y.
happy by the reflected happiness of others.   Dr. Peer was a Democrat until the elecLiving in the Adirondack region, he is pas- tion of Franklin Pierce, since which time he
sionately fond of nature, and a ride through  has been a Republican.  He is the oldest
some of the mountain passes is a high day  homceopathic physician in Rochester at the
and festival for him; the healthy bracing air present time, and has a large and lucrative
invigorating his frame andthe glorious moun- practice.  He is a member of the American
tain scenery imparting strength and calmness  Institute of Homceopathy; of the New York
to his mind. Such men never grow old.      State Homceopathic Medical Society, and
ex-President of the Monroe County Homceopathic Medical Society.
Let the hundreds and thousands of patients
EER, GEORGE W., M. D., of  whom he has treated, both in the field and at
Rochester, N. Y., was born at home, answer as to his success in his proim  Williamson, Wayne county, N. fession,
Y., March I6th, I820. Thrown                    --------
at an early age upon his own resources, he
acquired his education, both  literary and         ELAND, A. GRANGER, M. D.,
professional, by his unaided, individual ef-          of Whitewater, Wis., was born
fort.   Engaged in  active pursuits, often            at East Otto, N. Y., in I830.
requiring manual labor, he acquired a vigor-          His father,-a man of some poous physical constitution.  He was educated  litical distinction,-died when Granger was
at the Marion Academy, Wayne county, N. nine years old. His mother dying in the
Y., and in 1844, entered the office of Dr. J. same year, he was adopted by his uncle, the
S. IHamilton, a very able physician and sur- Hon. C. R. Leland, a prominent lawyer, of
geon, now of Tecumseh, Mich. He studied  western New York. After receiving his premedicine and taught school during the win- paratory education at the private academy,3f
ters in order to earn sufficient means to  H. Ml. Cornell, and at the Irving Institute, at
defray his expenses.  After pursuing his Irving, N. Y., he entered upon the study of
studies with Dr. Hamilton for two years, he medicine.
entered the Geneva Medical College, and    His uncle removing soon after to Milwautook his first course of lectures. In I848, he  kee, Wis., he went with him, but his uncle
took his second course, and graduated at the  dying in the course of a year, he found his
University of New York. Immediately after plans necessarily changed for a time. After
graduating, he commenced the practice of  occupying a position in the post office for six
medicine with Dr. Chase, a homceopathic  months, he was appointed cashier of the Mil
physician of Palmyra, N. Y., and remained  waukee Bank. Two years afterwards, he
with him about two years, when he removed  was elected Secretary of the Milwaukee and
to Rochester, N. Y., where he has since re- Chicago Railroad Company, which office he
sided and practised medicine, with the ex- occupied for three years. During this period
ception of three years spent in the army as of five years, he made the acquaintance of



270                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAD1A OF
Drs. Tracy and Brown and Professor Doug- He has been married twice,-in I859 and
lass. The former supplied him with books again in I87o,-the last time to a daughter
and medical literature for study during his of Charles Ferguson, Esq., of Mexico, Mo.
spare hours. On resigning his position with  Dr. Arnold is prominent among people of
the railroad company, he commenced the the  Swedenborgian  faith.   Homceopathy
systematic study of medicine with Drs. Tracy  numbers many of its leading professors in
and Brown. After studying three years and  this faith, but of them all no one is more esfour months, he graduated at Hahnemann  teemed than Dr. Arnold.  He is a leader in
Medical College, Chicago.                 his section no less religiously than professionSettling in the city of Whitewater, Wis.,-  ally. Residing in Missouri at the breaking
noted for its educational and manufacturing  out of the late civil war, he was robbed of
interests,-he,has, in eight years, made the  all his property (some $30,.000 in amount),
practice of homceopathy popular among the  and he and his wife left to begin the world
educated and enterprising people of the city, again with absolutely but twenty-five cents.
as well as profitable to himself. His success He at once gave in his adherence to the
indicates his thorough acquaintance with his government, and followed the varying forbusiness, and it is reasonable to assume that tunes of the Army of the West, until the
the success of the past is an omen of Still close of the war, which found him in Louisigreater in the future.                    ana, where he remained a few months to
recruit his health in its genial climate.
I_     RNOLD, RAWDON, M. D., of
Marysville, Cal., was born July          EIM, WILLIAM   HENRY, M.
4th, I836, in the village of Ro-           D., of Philadelphia, was born on
meo, Mich. He comes of good               the I5th day of March, 1843, in
old Puritan stock, and his parents-on both           Merion Square, Lower Merion
his father's and mother's side-were New  township, Montgomery county, Pa., and is
England people, who traced their descent the son of Samuel C. and Mary Keim.
back to the very early times. He was edu-    His ancestors were driven from Germany
cated at Annada High School and Michigan  by religious persecution,-being Protestants,
Normal School, and afterwards received his and members of the Lutheran Church,-and
medical instruction at the Missouri Medical settled at Germantown, Pa., in the early part
College at St. Louis. He graduated at this of the eighteenth century, where they resided
college in I857, just as he became of age, at the time of the revolutionary war. Durand at once commenced practice in the State illg the battle of Germantown, they were
of Missouri. He continued here until I864, compelled to take refuge in the cellar of
when he embraced homceopathy, his mind  their house, to escape the bullets of the conhaving gradually been imbued with the prin- tending armies, the adjoining house having
ciples of reform. He is now in his ninth  its gable end demolished by a cannon shot,
year as a homoeopathic physician, and has and after the battle, his great-grandfather was
never seen reason to regret the change.  He  compelled, by the British, to assist in the
removed to California in September, 1871, burial of the dead.  His early education
and settled in Marysville, where he has suc- was received at the public schools of the
ceeded in a marked degree. There was a First School District, Pennsylvania.  After
good opening in the Golden State at that its completion, he was engaged before and
time for homceopaths (as indeed there still during the early part of the late civil war,
is), and Dr. Arnold seemed to step into a with the American Telegraph Company, replace that had long been waiting for him. signing March I3th, I863. From March of



tIOMPCOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                         27I
that year t3 October 9th, I869, he was en- mately graduated from the Penn Medical Uni
gaged in mechanical dentistry, commencing  versity.
during this period, in the spring of I867, the    His professional life has been passed
study of medicine.  He attended his first chiefly at Malden, where he is held in high
lecture on November I3th, I868, at the Phil- estimation, and is in possession of a large
adelphia School of Anatomy-Dr. W. W. and lucrative practice. Originally an eclectic
Keen lecturer. During the winter course of  physician, but ever studying and seeking to
I869-'70, the summer course of 1870, and  arrive at a satisfactory system, it was but
the winter course of I870-'7I, he attended  natural that he should become a homceothe lectures at the Hahnemann Medical Col- pathist. In this faith and practice he has
lege in Philadelphia, graduating at the close  remained steadfast now for eight years.
of the latter term.  His preceptors during    Skilful as a physician, scholarly as a man,
the time of his study were Drs. C. W. Rob- a retiring and modest gentleman, reticent in
bins and RIichard Koch.  He subsequently  speech, but strong in action, and a ready
attended a course of lectures at the Jefferson  writer, Dr. Dawes is emimently deserving of
Medical College of Philadelphia, and from  the respect and esteem which he commands
April Ist, 187I, to the present time, he has in such large measure from the community in
held the position of Physician to the Hahne- which he resides.
mann Medical College Dispensary, performing its duties to his own great credit and to
the satisfaction of the managers and of his
patients. During the winter course of I872-'73,     NTIS, JOHN, M. D., of Morris,
he was Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy              Ills., was born in the town of
at the Hahnemann Medical College of Phil-             Root, Montgomery county, N. Y.,
adelphia.                                             in  I 7. He turned his attention
quite early in life to the study of medicine,
and having fitted himself under efficient
direction, he took the courses of lectures of
AWES, WILLIAM   GREEN- the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in
LEAF, M. D., of Malden, Mass., Fairfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., and
was born in Baltimore, Md., on  graduated in January, I838. He at once
July I2th, I83I. He is the grand-  entered upon practice in accordance with the
son of Judge Thomas Dawes, of Boston, and  principles taught in that institution, which he
the son of Harrison Dawes, who died in  prosecuted successfully for a period of eight
1834.  Deprived thus early of a father's care, years.
and the circumstances of the family being    He then gained new light from witnessing
indifferent, he was thrown almost entirely  the action of aconite and spongia, adminisupon his own resources for an education. tered in a severe case of cynanche laryngea,
By indomitable perseverance, and by devoting  in accordance with the law, simizilie sinzilibits
every leisure moment to the pursuit of know- cu)ranlur, and profiting by his knowledge,
ledge, in the face of difficulties that would  pressed his inquiries until convinced of the
have discouraged the great majority of men, truth of the homceopathic system.
he succeeded in compassing his ambition-     Losing a lucrative practice by the exchange
admission into the medical profession.  His of theories, he spent a few months in Chicago
primary education he obtained in the common  with Dr. Aaron Pitney, in acquiring practical
schools of Quincy, Mass. His medical stud- knowledge of the workings of the new law,
ies extended over many years, and were  and returning, established himself in practice
pursued under the tuition of different physi- as a homceopathist, where his merit soon
cians, as circumstances permitted.  He ulti- placed him again in the first rank as a phy



272                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP'EDIA  OF
sician. In I867, he was appointed by the  had no occasion to use them, and soon laid
Pension Bureau at Washington to the official them away. He has not practised allopathy
position of Examining Surgeon for his'dis- since, telling his patients if they had not contrict; but after three years of efficient service  fidence in the globules not to send for him.
he was requested to resign, in order, as al- Being the only homeopathic physician within
leged, that harmony might prevail within the  forty miles, he secured in time a large pracranks of allopathy, which request he acceded  tice, although at the cost of much fatigue, his
to for the sake of peace, though conscious of  rides being very long.  Determined to study
bowing to the grosser power of might.  He  the new system as thoroughly as possible, he
is now in his fifty-sixth year, hale, hearty and  took two courses of lectures at the Western
well, and more efficient, with increased ex- Homceopathic College, Cleveland, and gradperience and knowledge, than  ever; but uated with honor in 1856. His practice now
conscious of having passed the Rubicon of is as large as he can conveniently manage.
life, and looking forward to a higher and    Dr. Holt was a member of the first Honmbetter existence hereafter.                ceopathic AMedical Society that was formed in
the State of Illinois.  I-e was one of the
founders of the Illinois State Homceopathic
Medical Society, and is a member of the
OLT, AARON P., M. D., of Lyn- American Institute of Homeopathy.
don, Ills., was born in the town    He was married on December 2d, I829, to
of Holden, Mass., on  October Clarissa A. Huse, of Chester, N. IH., by
5th, I8o8. He is the third son of  whom he has had six children, three of whom
Amos S. Holt. He received a common school are still living. He is President of the Iowa
education, and on leaving school was put to  Homceopathic State Medical Society. One
learn the trade of a machinist.  He, how- son is a successful practitioner of the new
ever, continued his studies at night after work  school at Marshalltown, Iowa. In Septemand on Sundays. He began to read medicine  ber, 1854, his first wife died, and in August,
in I835, and five years later commenced prac-  I855, he was married to Rosetta M. Mitchell,
tice in Andover, on the botanic or eclectic  of Aurora, N. Y., by whom he has also had
system.  He removed to Lowell, Mass., in  six children, five of whom are still living.
I84I, kept an infirmary for nearly six years,
and achieved much success as a practitioner.
Being dissatisfied with city life, he moved to
Palmyra, Jefferson county, Wis., and after a        OBBINS, EMILY  RIDGWAY.
short stay there, located in Lyndon, where he     M1. D., a Philadelphian by birth
has resided for twenty-six years.  In I849,           and education.  Matriculated at
he was attacked with hemorrhage of the                the  Penn  Medical University
lungs, which kept him sick for about a year. of Philadelphia, in I855, and, devoting herHis mother, brothers and sisters had been  self assiduously to acquiring a knowledge
victims of consumption. By careful treat- of the  science  of medicine  in  all its
ment and good nursing he recovered his branches, graduated in I859, after passing a
former health.  While lying sick the subject highly creditable examination.  The practice
of homceopathy was always uppermost in his of medicine by women being comparatively
mind.  After convalescence he purchased a new  at that time, and women physicians
homoeopathic library and a case of medicines. being met in many instances with distrust,
In I850, he began to try the effects of hom- led her to suppose that she would meet with
ceopathy upon his patients, and with such  a more progressive spirit in a newly settled
success, that although he carried his old- section of the country. For this reason she
fashioned pill bags under the buggy seat, he  selected the town of Fort Madison, Iowa,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             273
and was not disappointed.  She was met recovery not resulting in permanent health,
with cordiality by the people, and treated  she accompanied him, in the autumn of I865,
with respect by the physicians.  The field  on a tour to the West, where they spent
being open for a woman, she was soon en- eight months, stopping three or four months
gaged in an active practice, in which she in her former location, Fort Madison, where
continued for three years, being a decided  she was warmly welcomed by her old friends,
opponent of what she termed the "fallacious who sought her professional aid when it was
nonsense" of homoeopathy.                  required, as though she had never been abIn I862, she was married to Charles W. sent from  them.  On one occasion, surRobbins of Philadelphia, a homceopathic  rounded by a number of them, while she was
physician, with whom  she returned to her extolling the superiority of the homoeopathic
native city. In compliance with the wishes treatment over the allopathic, she was greeted
of her husband, she retired from the active by a laugh from  all present, with the reduties of the profession, retaining only a minder that only a short time previous no
small amount of office practice, for two years. one had used more persuasive arguments
Her husband being then prostrated with a than herself to prove its fallacy.
severe and protracted illness, she felt called    Her husband having regained his health,
upon to take charge of his practice, which  they returned to Philadelphia, where she rewas a large one. In assuming this position  sumed  her practice.  At its last annual
she saw that there was but one alternative, session, she was admitted as a member to
viz.: to prescribe for her husband's patients the Homceopathic State Medical Society of
homceopathically, which she did not feel Pennsylvania.
herself well prepared to do; but being an
apt student, she applied herself to the task of
what she termed "learning to humbug the.        [ORRIS, JOSEPH  PASCHALL,
people."  The result of her observations of           of Mansfield, Tioga county, Pa.,
this system, in its application at her bedside,       was born in Philadelphia on the
led her to give the subject a more thorough           Sth day of February, I809. He
investigation.                             is the third son of Isaac W. Morris, and the
Her own practice being principally in  grandson of Samuel Morris, who was the
chronic diseases, she applied her remedies first Captain of the First Philadelphia Troop
according to the law of similZia simlzilibuzs in  of Cavalry, in the revolutionary war; which
these cases, with results which were not only  served as General Washington's body-guard
satisfactory, buit surprising to herself. From  at the battle of Princeton, etc.
this time her opposition to homceopathy    He received his education at the Quaker
ceased, though her conversion was not that schools of Philadelphia, and served a mer
of an ardent opponent to an enthusiastic ad- cantile apprenticeship in the counting-house
vocate; but was the result of a careful study  of Thomas P. Cope & Sons. He was afterand analysis of the subject.  On writing to a wards a partner in the foundry and steamfriend some time afterwards, she said: " I engine business, with Isaac P. and  Levi
was a careful student, and endeavored to be  Morris. His natural turn for medical studies
a judicious practitioner; neither do I consider led him, whilst a youth, to spend his holimyself dogmatic; but I am well convinced  days at the Philadelphia Dispensary, and he
that the toxicological effect and therapeutical became quite a proficient in the then imporaction of drugs is taught properly only in the  tant arts of leeching, bleeding, cupping and
homceopathic schools."                     drawing teeth, and the administration of the
After the re overy of her husband she still heroic remedies of that era. He also frecontinued'i active practice, having made  quented the clinics at the Pennsylvania Ilosmany new friends during the time. But his pital, the University, and the Jefferson MediI8



274                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
cal College. But his father not encouraging now in flourishing operation at that place,
the natural bent of his mind, he went no  and also of the Mansfield Iron Works; here
farther then in that direction. In I835,visit- again laying foundations for others to build
ing northern Pennsylvania on business of  upon.  He was also one of the corporators,
his father's, he became interested in coal and ever since its foundation a vestryman of
lands in Tioga county, and was induced to  the beautiful Episcopal Church of St. James,
remove to that remote region.  He married  in the same village.
and settled at Blossburg, and engaged in the
business of mining bituminous coal, then in
its infancy. Here he and other capitalists
from  Philadelphia and elsewhere invested             WENS, WILLIAM, M. D., of
what was then considered large amounts in               Cincinati, O., was born April
exploring and developing the mineral re-                24th, I823, of American parents.
sources from which others have since realized           His education was acquired durimmense fortunes.                          ing the intervals of labor.  In 1843, he enIt was with him as is usually the case with  tcred the Literary Department of Woodward
the pioneers of any great enterprise, he never  College at Cincinnati, in which  he  conreceived any adequate return for his invest- tinued till 1846, when he entered a drug
ment.  At Blossburg Mr. Morris met with  store as assistant.  He volunteered at the
Dr. Louis Saynisch and Dr. Yhm, both Ger- commencement of the Mexican war, and
mans, from whom he learned the first princi- was present at most of the battles of that
ples of the new  science of homceopathy, conflict.  At the close of the war he rewhich he at once adopted in his family, and  turned to Cincinnati, re-entered the drug
became from  that time a zealous student, store, at the same time attending lectures till
advocate and missionary in the cause.  In  he graduated in I849.  In the autumn he
185I-'52, he attended a course of lectures at commenced the practice of homceopathy, and
the Pennsylvania Homoeopathic Medical Col- was appointed Demonstrator of Anatomy in
lege in Philadelphia, with the intention of  the institute.  He was afterwards appointed
graduating, Dr. Charles Neidhard being his to a similar position in the Western College
preceptor.  From failure of his eyesight he  of Homceopathy at Cleveland, O.  Whilst
was prevented  from  completing  the full there he went through a full course of leccourse, and so was compelled to go on as tures, and returned to Cincinnati in 1852,
heretofore as a lay pracitioner, zealously  resuming his practice.  In  I855, he took
recommending   the new science as the only  charge of a water-cure establishment at Gransure and safe rule of cure, and waging war, ville, O.; but at the end of two years, finding
offensive and defensive, against the giant it a financial failure, he removed it to Yellow
allopathy.  He has introduced the practice  Springs, O., where he continued eighteen
to his acquaintances, both in city and coun-  months, returning to Cincinnati in Novemtry, with indefatigable energy; has induced  her, I858.
many young men to become homceopathic    In I86I, at the breaking out of the late
instead of allopathic physicians, and has as- war, he aided in raising a company of cavsisted many in getting a start in practice. alry, and was appointed its first lieutenant.
He has taken much pains to introduce the  He went through the whole of the war, occuhomnoeopathic treatment of domestic animals, pying at various times different positions. At
and with great success.                    first he was lieutenant; at another time we
In I850, he purchased a valuable property  find him  detailed in charge of the sick and
at Mansfield, Tioga county, Pa., where he  wounded, Acting Assistant Surgeon and Actremoved and became one of the originators  ing Assistant Quartermaster; and in July,
and founders of the State Normal School,  I863, he received his commission as Captain.



HOMEEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           275
In all these various posts he had numerous and devote four years to the collection of
and favorable opportunities of perfecting him- zoological, mineralogical and botanical speciself in the study and practice of surgery, mens, etc. Accordingly he embarked in the
which he has since well known how to turn  spring of I817, in company with several
to account.                                hundred emigrants, at Basel on the Rhine,
At the close of the war he went to Wash- and landed at Muyden, near Amsterdam.
ington to settle the accounts of the various  During the passage he acted as physician to
offices he had held. After performing which  the company. On arrival at Muyden, he
duty he returned to Cincinnati to recommence  was requested to present himself before a
his practice, greatly enriched by the army  Medical Board at Amsterdam; he did so and
and hospital experience he had  acquired  was appointed physician on the ship " John,"
during the protracted struggle.            of Baltimore, an old three-master that made
On May I2th, I853, he was married to Miss then its last trip with over four hundred
Sarah E. Wilcox, of Cincinnati.            souls on board.  The captain taking a very
On1 June Ist, I865, he was appointed  southerly course, going south of Bermuda in
Examining Surgeon for Pensions for Hamil- the middle of July, the oppressive heat proton county, holding that position for four duced dysentery, cholera morbus and prosyears.  He was also appointed Professor of  trating diarrhceas. The medicine chest was
Anatomy in the Pulte Medical College, which  inadequately supplied, and had it not been
position he now  holds.  His practice has for Dr. Detwiller's and General Vandame's
rapidly increased since his return from the  private stores the mortality would have been
army, and is now one of the largest in Cin- fearful.
cinnati.                                     The vessel arrived in the port of Philadelphia in the latter part of July.  Greater part
of the passengers being redemptioners, they
had to remain on board until disposed of;
ETWILLER, HENRY, M. D., many of them were on the sick list, and they,
of Easton, Pa., was born at Lan- as well as the sick on board another vessel
genbruck, Canton Basel Land- in port, were entrusted to Dr. Detwiller's
schaft, Switzerland, on December care by the port physician; the same trust was
i8th, I795. His parents were Henry and  reposed in him at the quarantine station by
Verena Detwiller. After attending the vil- the official physician. While. thus detained
lage school until entering the thirteenth year in Philadelphia he became professionally acof his age, he was placed in a French Institute  quainted with Dr. Monges, an eminent French
at St. Immier for two years. At the expira- doctor, by whom he was frequently called in
tion of that term he became the private pupil consultation in the family of General Vanof Laurentius Senor, M. D., a graduate of  dame and other French refugees of rank in
Wurzburg, under whose systematic instruc-  Napoleon's time.  At the suggestion and
tion he during three years prepared for ma- persuasion  of Joseph  Bonaparte, General
triculation in the Medical Department of the  Vandame and Dr. Monges, he abandoned the
University at Freyburg, Grand Duchy of  idea of going into the Western wildernessBaden. In the spring of I814, he was ad- the Indian country-and made preparations
mitted to that university, and remained there  to establish himself in a locality where the
five consecutive semesters.  He had then  German language was mostly spoken. Being
just entered his twenty first year. Being a well provided with letters of introduction, he
great admirer of natural sciences, he longed  proceeded first to Allentown, Pa., and on
for a new field in which to cultivate his September 3d, I8I7, entered the office of Dr.
scientific tastes to their fullest extent. He  Charles H. Martin as assistant.  Here he
therefore resolved to visit the United States  practised seven months with signal success.



276                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
During the fall and winter of I8I7-'I8, there  interviews with the illustrious Dr. Samuel
appeared in many parts of Lehigh and the  Hahnemann, at Paris, Professors Shcelein,
adjoining counties a disease attacking whole  Oken and Schintz, in Zurich, on scientific
families with more or less severity, and at- subjects, and in the interest of the Allentown
tended in convalescence with frequent re- Academy of the homceopathic healing artlapses, the patients dragging along a pitiable  also, of the Coryphreus of homoeopathy in
existence for months, and frequently suc- the United States, Dr. C. Hering.  He also
cumbing to either phthisis or dropsy.  This  visited his Alma Mater, presented his certifidisease was diagnosed by the physicians with  cates of examination (absolutorium), executed
whom he came in contact as " bilious colic,"  in the fall of I8i6, when he had not attained
as one of the most prominent symptoms was his majority or the age required by the statabdominal or intestinal pain, with very obsti- utes for the holding of a degree.  So after an
nate costiveness and vomiting.  The prevail-  absence of twenty years he applied to the
ing practice was opium  and calomel in very  medical faculty for a re-examination, and, if
large doses, powerful doses of all kinds of  found worthy, for the grant of a diploma.
laxatives, tobacco smoke being forced into  The faculty met, and after subjecting him to
the rectum  through a peculiar apparatus, a rigorous examination in all the different
while salivation was produced to a fearful branches, surgical operations on the cadaver,
extent.  It was the discovery of the real and so forth, he was rewarded wkh that to
cause of this so-called ".bilious colic," or which he would have been entitled twenty
"verstopfung," as it was called by the Ger- years before had he been of age, namely, a
man laymen, that brought to the favorable  diploma of Doctor Medicinre, Chirurgioe, et
notice of the public the "young German  Artis Obstetricike.
doctor," under which appellation the subject    Returning to the United States, he resumed
of this sketch was generally known.  It his practice in Hellertown, and pursued it
proved to be lead poisoning in the form of  until I852, when he removed to Easton, Pa.
malate of lead, produced from the glazing  He introduced homoeopathy in this place,
with litharge of earthen pots in which apple  and had to contend against the usual unfair
butter, often rather sour, had  been kept. and unprofessional opposition of some otherThis discovery, and his successful antidotal wise respectable allopaths.
treatment, created for him  an enviable pro-    During his residence of thirty-four years in
fessional reputation, and many were the in-  Hellertown, Pa., notwithstanding his very
vitations he received from different parties to es- extensive and laborious practice, he always
tablish himself permanently in their localities. managed to husband time to follow his favorHe finally selected Hellertown, Pa., and in ihe study of natural science.  In the course
April, I818, he opened an office there.  In  of time he got together the flora sauconensis,
the following December he married Miss the name by which he calls his herbarium,
Elizabeth Appel, a native of the vicinity of  the specimens being collected principally in
the village.  By this marriage he had three  upper and lower Saucon.  Many botanical
sons and four daughters.  In November, excursions were made in company with his
1835, his wife, after a protracted illness, died  friends Dr. De Schweinitz and Dr. Hiibner.
of phthisis pulmonalis.                     The ornithological specimens-the mammals
In I836, Dr. Detwiller visited Europe in  reptilire, chelonire, etc., etc.-collected and by
company with his eldest son, whom he placed  him prepared, represent, with but few excepin an institution of learning, to remain for tions, the whole fauna of Pennsylvania.  The
four years under the guidance and guardian-  greater part of his collections have been doship of a particular friend and professional nated to various public institutions and mu
gentleman.  During his sojourn in Europe  seums in Europe, especially to the museum
he made it one of his special objects to have  at the University of Basil, he being a corres






L



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           277
ponding member of the Natural Historical years, under the direction of Professor John
Society there.                             C. Sanders, M. D., of Cleveland, O., exceptOn July 23rd, 1828, Dr. Detwiller dispensed  ing a period of three months, during which he
the first homceopathic remedy selected in ac- was acting Assistant Surgeon in General Hoscordance with the law of similia silmilibzes pital No. 7, Louisville, Ky.  He attended
czirantzr, and from that onward till now in  lectures at Cleveland, and graduated from the
his seventy-eighth year he has continued an  Homceopathic College of that city, in the
active and successful practitioner of homce- spring of I863.
opathy.  To him  also belongs the honor of    He commenced practice at Kingston, on
being the first dispenser and introducer of ho- May 5th. I863, and was the second physician
mceopathic remedies in the State of Pennsyl- to prescribe homceopathically in that place.
vania, as is set forth in a paper, entitled, " The  There are now five resident practitioners of
Rise and Progress of Homceopathy in Penn- the new school, showing that the cause has
sylvania," published in the Transactions of the been gaining ground steadily, and that it has
Homceopathic Medical Society of the State, not been prejudiced by its early exponents.
at the eighth session, as reported by Dr. Dud- The ability manifested by Dr. Ingalls, and the
ley Pemberton.                             success that has attended his treatment, have
In I836, he was elected a member of the  caused his practice to become large and valumedical faculty of the Academy of the Ho- able.  He is indeed one of the first physimoeopathic Healing Art, at Allentown. At cians along the Hudson River.
the organization of the American Institute of    Dr. Ingalls was elected a member of the
Homceopathy in New York city, in I844, he  American Institute of Homceopathy, in I867;
became a member, and is one of the few sur- of the State Society, in I869, and as Censor
viving original members of that flourishing  of the same association for the Southern disinstitute. On April 5th, I85o, he was elected  trict, in 1872. He is a member of the Ulster
a fellow and corresponding member of the  County Homceopathic Medical Society.
Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl-    He has always taken an active interest in
vania.                                     any enterprizes having for their object the adDr. Detwiller has two sons, four grandsons, vancement of the towni.  Building societies
and one son-in-law, all graduates of medicine, he warmly advocates, and he has served for
and three of them homceopaths.             some time as a director of the Kingston BuildThrough his long and honorable career, ing Company.  He is also a director of the
Dr. Detwiller has displayed unusual ability  Kingston National Bank.
and resource as a physician, has been rewarded    On May r8th, 1870, Dr. Ingalls was marwith distinguished success, and has gained  ried to Henrietta Du Bois, only daughter of
the confidence, respect, and esteem  of all P. J. Du Bois, of Kingston.
classes.
NGALLS, FREDERICK W., M.                   A W WYE R, BENJAMIN  EDD., of Kingston, Ulster county,            WARDS, M. D., of Haverhill,
N. Y., was born  in Glenville,             Mass., was born at Cape ElizaSchenectady county, in the same            beth, Me., on August rIth, I8Ii.
State, on February 9th, I840.  He is the son  His father from whom he inherits rare judgof Rev. Wilson Ingalls. After receiving a ment and unusual discrimination, was Benjagood general education, being intended for min Sawyer, at the time of our subject's birth
the medical profession, he studied for three  Minister of the Congregational Church at
years in the office of Dr. D. O. K. Strong, of Cape Elizabeth.  His mother, Maria Wines,
Owasco, Cayuga county, N. Y., and for two  was the daughter of Abijah Wines, D.D., of



278                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
Newport, N. H., who was noted for his argu- and has spent so much of his time among the
mentative skill in the religious controversies  lovely hills and valleys of Essex, that he has
of his times, and for his devotion to early  come to be regarded as an authority on the
missionary work in Maine. A year after the  rare wild flowers of the Merrimack Valley.
birth of Dr. Sawyer, his father moved to    Early in life Dr. Sawyer married Lucy C.
Amesbury, Mass.  During the early years of  Noyes, of Newport, N. H.  She came of the
his boyhood, he attended an excellent aca- best Puritan stock, what Dr. Holmes calls the
demy at that place.  He fitted for college at " blue blood " of new England, her direct anHampton, N. H.,in the same class with Hon. cestor being Governor Dudley.  She died
Gaines Grimes, of Iowa, Hon. Daniel Clark, after a brief union, but left behind her several
and Hon. Amos Tuck, of New Hampshire. children, between whom  and  their father
Having made choice of the medical profes- exists a peculiarly close communion.
sioll, he began to study therefor with Dr. R.
D. Mazzey, of Dartmouth College, and continued under his instruction until he graduated
at Bowdoin  College, Brunswick, Me., in   m          ONANT, JOSIAH,  M. D., of
I837.  Dr. Mazzey was the Professor of Ana-      -  Great Falls, N. H., was born in
tomy and Surgery at both these colleges dur-           Dudley, Worcester county, Mass.,
ing Dr. Sawyer's course.                               on June 2nd, I832.  His primary
On receiving his diploma, he commenced  education he received in his native town, but
the practice of allopathy, and  continued  when he had reached his twelfth year, his
therein for eight years. Then through careful father removed to Worcester, where he bestudy and patient experiment he became con-  came a pupil in the city high school.  On
vinced of the truth of the homceopathic theory. leaving school, his father being poor, it was
At once he adopted it. About this time he  necessary he should at once do something
left Boscawen, N. H., where he had been lo- towards his own support.  He was accordcated, and took up his residence in Concord, ingly placed in a machine shop, and in time
Mass. At that time Concord was the centre  became a proficient machinist.  Possessed of
of a vigorous intellectual circle, and it offered  an adventurous spirit and seeing in the West
a congenial field to him. His practice became  a better chance of making money, he left
large andlucrative, while his intense sympathy  home, in I85I, and was away some six or
with the anti-slavery movement had a full op- seven years, during which time he worked at
portunity for practical exercise.  At Concord, his trade and accumulated some means. Havas at Boscawen, he was the friend and co- ing always cherished a taste for the medical
worker of Nathaniel P. Rogers, Parker Pills- profession, he returned East, and, in I859,
bury, and Stephen C. Foster.  His children  proceeded to Boston, where he placed himself
have never known the slightest prejudice of under the tuition of Dr. Greene.  After laying
color, having been  brought up to regard  a foundation of sufficient solidity, he attended
whites and blacks as equal.  He resided nine  lectures in Philadelphia, and graduated as a
years in Concord, then removed to Haverhill, homeopathic physician, in I865.  He immein the same State, and has lived there up to  diately returned to Boston and opened an
the present time.`'-For years he has been the  office on Elliot street, but he found it uphill
leading physician of his school in the neigh- work making his way in a large city.  In the
borhood.  His clear-sighted judgment, his following year, therefore, he removed to West
skill, tender sympathy, and hearty kindliness  Boylston, Mass., where he found many friends.
to poor as well as rich, cause him to be much  Two years later his father died of apoplexy
sought after. Though so far advanced in life, at the age of seventy-two years, and then he
he enjoys full health, and vigor.           began to contemplate a further removal. After
Dr. Sawyer is an ardent lover of nature, looking around for some time, he decided



HOMCIOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               279
upon settling in Great Falls, where he opened  removed to New  Bedford.  He remained
an office in February, I869, and where he  there for a period of nineteen years, enjoying
now resides.  He found it a strong allopathic  a high success and the respect and admiration
town, but its prejudices against homceopathy  of all who knew him.  Excessive application
gradually melted away before his earnestness  to duty forced him, in I869, to retire from
and success, and he now possesses a flourish- active work, and to that end relinquished his
ing practice.                               practice in New Bedford, to the great regret
Dr. Conant is a man of far more than aver- of his patients and friends.  Being somewhat
age perseverance.  In spite of many obstacles  restored in health, he is at present attending
he has fought his way into a good position in  to practice in Greenfield, Mass.  Dr. Wilder
tile ranks of a learned profession, having had  is a member of the American Institute, and of
at no time since a mere lad any other depen- the Massachusetts and Bristol County (Mass.)
dence than his own exertions.  Considering  Homceopathic Societies.  He is universally
his opportunities there are few practitioners  esteemed by his professional brethren.  The
so well read in the literature of medicine, as fact that he was located for nineteen successive
there certainly is none who gives to it a more  years in so exclusive and intellectual a comentire devotion.  In  the discharge of his  munity as New Bedford is the highest encoonerous duties he is indefatigable, never ne- mium  that can be given to his energy and
glecting nor slighting any case that comes  ability.  He has a prominent and honored
under his charge.  His kindly manners and  place among the homoeopathists of New Enggenuine sympathy render him a favorite with  land.
all his patients.
EVILLE, WILLIAM  HENRY
g','1   HARRISON, M. D., of PhilaILDER, DANIEL, M. D., of   _1 delphia, son of Joseph and Lydia
Greenfield, Mass., was born in              Neville, was born in Philadelphia,
Keene, N. H., April igth, ISII. July 7th, I837.  His mother was a descenHe received his earliest education  dant of the Ridge falmily, who for several geat the public schools of his neighborhood, and  nerations have resided in the Eastern part of
afterwards attended the higher classes at the  Pennsylvania.
academy of the place, where he was noted    When the subject of this sketch was six
for his studious habits.  His first business in  years old, his parents moved to the country to
life was as a piano-maker. He followed this  engage in agricultural pursuits.  There he
vocation until finally impaired health forced  attended school until old enough to perform
him to relinquish it for something less physi- manual labor, after which time his school-days
cally laborious.  He thereupon turned his were limited to the fall and winter months.
attention to medicine, that having  always  Having a great love for books, and being debeen his favorite study.  He commenced  termined to acquire an education, all his leireading with Dr. G. W. Swarzey, a distin- sure moments were spent in study.  When in
guished physician of Springfield, Mass., in  his eighteenth year, he commenced teaching
I845. Afterwards he entered the Homceopa- school, and, having early developed a taste
thic Medical College of Philadeliphia, from  for medical studies and pursuits, he devoted
which institution he graduated, in I850.  He  all his leisure time, while teaching, to those
had previous to this attended lectures at Jef- studies best adapted to his future purpose.
ferson  Medical College, Philadelphia, but Having by his own efforts acquired a thorough
upon weighing carefully the evidence between  English education, together with a good knowallopathy and homceopathy decided upon the  ledge of Latin and Greek, he studied medicine
latter.  Shortly after graduating, in I85o, he  with  Dr. John R. Reading, of Somerton,



280                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA OF
and graduated with honor at the Homoeopa- majority has held various official relationships
thic Medical College of Pennsylvania, in  with the Church, where lie is as much esteemed
1865.                                       as in his profession.
Immediately after receiving his diploma, he
located in Philadelphia, where he has secured
a large and lucrative practice, and by his skill
has attained an elevated place in his profes-  I       NDERWOOD, BENONI F., M.
sion.  He is a member of the County Medi-               D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was born
cal Society of Philadelphia, of the Homce-             in the city of Philadelphia, Deopathic Medical Society of Pennsylvania, and            cember I2th, I843.  His father
of the American Institute of Homemopathy. was a native of England, his mother of AmeHe rarely writes on medical topics, preferring  rica.
rather the retired life of a private practitioner,    He received his education in the common
though he would make a brilliant writer were  schools of Philadelphia, with the exception
he to turn his attention in that direction.  In  of two years' attendance at the Central High
his younger days he was an able debater, and  School. Having thus acquired a fine English
some years since he prepared a popular lec- education, he removed to Reyport, N. J.,
ture, which showed marked ability, and was where, in order to qualify himself as a drugvery favorably noticed by the Press.        gist, he studied Materia Medica for some
One who has known him long and well re- time under Dr. Porter.  He then carried on
cords of him that he is one of " nature's noble- the drug business for several years, continuing
men."  His parents being in limited circum- his studies at the same time under Dr. Frishstances, and the neighborhood where he was muth, and also writing for and editing a local
raised having but few facilities for mental and  paper.
moral improvement, he very early learned the    Returning from Reyport to Philadelphia, in
lesson which in all his active life he has acted  I863, he again engaged in the drug business,
upon, that success must depend upon his own  but soon relinquished it for the study and
exertions.                                  practice of conveyancing. Finding, however,
Immediately after graduating, he located  that his genius and inclination did not lie in
himself in Philadelphia; and, although an  the latter direction, he determined to return to
entire stranger in the neighborhood, without his former and favorite study of medicine;
personal friends and influence, he soon had a but this time in a new school.  Having come
good practice, which in a few years increased  to the conclusion after careful investigation
almost without a parallel in the history of  and study, that the founder of homceopathy
young physicians.                           had struck the right vein in the curative art,
Dr. Neville is of a fine, commanding per- he attended the Hahnemann Medical College,
sonal appearance, kind and sympathetic in  where he graduated in March, I868.  Con
his disposition, one of the most affable and  jointly with Drs. Kneass and Farrington, he
genial members of the profession, but firm in  conducted the " Quiz " of the following term.
his resolves and in adhering to any purpose    After two years' practice in Philadelphia, he
which he conscientiously believes to be right. removed to Brooklyn, where he is now occuSo honorable is he in his business relations  pied in the duties of his profession, and also
with his professional brethren, that he has the  in contributing to various papers, medical and
regards not only of the physicians of the ho- general; occupying at the same time the posimceopathic school, but the confidence and es- tion of Treasurer of the County Medical Auteem of allopathic physicians with whom he  thority.  In October, I867, he married Emiis brought in contact.  From his boyhood he  lie, daughter of H. Mullikin, of Philadelphia.
has been prominently identified with the M.    Dr. Underwood has turned his attention
E. Church, and ever since he reached his somewhat to the proving of medicines, espe



282                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
this time, he also further perfected himself by  year. Then he enjoyed the advantages of an
attending lectures, etc., at the New York Hos- academic course.  Subsequently he taught
pital, the Bellevue Hospital, and the Charity  school for five years-three in Massachusetts,
Hospital on Blackwell's Island.             and two in Virginia.  Concluding to enter
During the winter of I868, by the special the medical profession, he commenced readrequest of his brother, he was induced to  ing under the supervision of W. B. Small,
enter his office and become an inmate of his  M. D., of East Livermore, and, in I845, grafamily.  This change procured for him a most duated at Bowdoin Medical School.  He atfavorable opportunity of prosecuting his scien- tended two full courses of lectures in that intific researches.  Having constant access to  stitution, and one at Harvard Medical School.
an extensive medical library, he was able to  He spent one year in Boston, visiting the
investigate the truths of the doctrine of Hah-  McLean General Hospital daily.
nemann, at the same time being an eye-witness    On graduating, he settled in South Abingto the wonderful cures effected by the system  ton, Mass., and soon found himself in the posof homceopathy, in all classes of disease, but session of a considerable practice. He remore especially remarkable in those pertain- mained in that sphere of action until 1855.
ing to women and children.                  During six years of his residence, he was
Imniediately after receiving his degree, he  connected with the schools as one of the sujoined his brother in a partnership, which still perintending committee. From Massachusetts
subsists.  In March of the same year, he was  he [removed to Amboy, where he now lives,
appointed House Physician of the Gates Ave- and continued to practise allopathy for two
nue Homceopathic Dispensary, which appoint- years. Then he had a little patient who apment he still retains, being punctual in his peared to be in the last stages of croup.  He
daily visits to that institution.           spoke of the case at home, and remarked  that
In the year I863, he was married to Miss it was useless to afflict the child with any
Arrietta M. Clark, a lady of much culture, more medicine as it could  not live until
refined tastes and eminent musical talent. She  morning.  It was suggested that some homceis the only daughter of Dr. E. Clark, of Sta- opathic medicine should be used as it would
ten Island, his former preceptor, and sister of  not distress the patient, and there was a posDr. James G. Clark, of North Shore, on the  sibility of benefit.  Without a particle of
same Island.  Thus far this union has been  faith in a favorable result he acted upon the
blessed with three children, two of whom, a  suggestion.  The effect was marvellous.  In
daughter and a son, are living.             a few hours the child was relieved.  This and
Dr. Talmage is still very young in his pro- several other somewhat similar experiences
fession, having received his diploma in I870, induced him to undertake a careful investigaand we doubt not that there is in store for him  tion of the whole subject.  The more he
a long life of professional usefulness.     probed the matter, the more thoroughly conDr. Samuel Talmage is a member of the  vinced did he become of the truth of the prinProtestant Reformed (Dutch) Church, and has  ciples of homceopathy. He therefore gradually
served as ruling elder in the sessions of both  changed his practice, and finally abandoned
the Reformed and Presbyterian Churches.     allopathy  altogether.  His conversion  of
course earned for him the contempt of some
of his previous professional associates, and
HASE, A. P., M. D., of Amboy, the persecution of others, although all of
Ills., was born at Livermore, Ox- them were his juniors in the "old school."
ford county, Me., on February  Nothing dismayed, however, he persevered in
ISth, ISI7.  He lived on a farm  his chosen course, and has reaped, and is
and attended school during the winter, until reaping, the reward of his conscientiousness
he had reached his eighteenth or nineteenth  and determination to stand by his convictions



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           283
of right. He has a large and pleasant prac- than usually fall to the lot of students for detice among the best classes of the community. ciding on the merits of a theory which conHe is also surgeon to the northern division  demns suffering humanity to the tortures of
of the Illinois Central Railroad.          emetics, blood-letting, cathartics, blisters, and
all kindred abominations, the more especially
as he had himself been subjected to their use
in his early days.
0 C H R A N, CHARLES  AL-    It happened most fortunately that about
BERT, M. D., of Winthrop, Me., this time he met one of his old friends, Dr.
was born on the 29th day of  Henry Barrows, then practising in the town
April, I833, in Monmouth, Ken- of Vassalboro'. This gentleman had originebec county, in the same State.           nally been an allopathic physician, but had
His ancestors came from  Scotland, that become a convert to the homoeopathic theory
land celebrated as the birthplace of so many  through the influence of Dr. Jacob Roberts,
illustrious persons, and settled in New Hamp- one of the pioneers of the new system in the
shire. They were a race of doctors. His State of Maine.  He was long, however, in
grandfather, James Cochran, M. D., removed  yielding to the arguments of Dr. Barrows,
from  New Hampshire to the town of Mon- with whom he had on several occasions some
mouth, where he practised medicine and sur- rather stormy discussions respecting the subgery for many years.  His father, James Coch-  ject and merits of homceopathy, and finding
ran, Jr., studied medicine and received his him  obstinate and firmly believing that the
diploma from the Bowdoin Medical College, whole system was a monstrous humbug unin the year I824. Subsequently he practised  worthy to be entertained for even a moment
his profession in different parts of the State  by any man possessing an average amount of
for forty-six years, mostly however in Mon- brains, his friend made him this offer, viz: to
mlouth.                                    go with him to Vassalboro' and accompany
The subject of this sketch, after completing  him in his professional visits. " Seeing is behis academic studies, went to Boston, where  lieving," he remarked, " and I wish you to
he accepted the position of bookkeeper in a believe nothing but what you see yourself. If
mercantile house on State street, in that city. at the expiration of three months you do not
This situation he retained for two years, but acknowledge that my method of treating disnot finding it congenial to his habits and  ease is better than yours, I will give you a
tastes, and furthermore perceiving that the  hundred dollars and pay your board."  This
continual confinement consequent on the ne- offer appeared to him so very fair, that he imcessary attention to his duties was impairing  mediately accepted it, and at the end of the
his health, he decided to abandon it and re- stipulated probation, became, from what he
turn to his home in Maine.  He commenced  had seen, a firm believer in and a true convert
the study of medicine under the tuition of his to the doctrines of Hahnemann.  Thus confather on the first day of July, I85I. Be- vinced, he entered into a copartnership with
tween:that date and May, 1856, he attended  his friend, which continued until November,
three courses of lectures at the Bowdoin Me- I858, when he went to Winthrop, where he
dical College (allopathic), obtaining during  has ably practised homceopathy up to the prethese five years a vast amount of useful prac- sent time.
tical knowledge of the treatment of diseases   In November of 1859, he was married to
by the old system.  His father enjoyed the  Miss Caroline Augusta Marston, eldest daughreputation of ranking as one of the leading  ter of Colonel Rufus Marston, of Monmouth.
physicians of his day-as did his grandfather    He went to Winthrop under very unfavorain his generation.  Having so extensive a ble circumstances, being a total stranger in
practice, his son enjoyed more advantages that town, and, his hopes being dampened by



284                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
the information he received, that more doctors  aunt in Charlemont, Mass., until he was
were in the place than it could support, adding  thirteen years old, when, anxious to be doing
that he could not persuade three families in  something earnestly for himself, he engaged
the town to employ a homceopath; remarlking  in farm work, at which honest toil he conalso, that a Dr. Palmer had attempted to es- tinued until he was twenty years old. At
tablish himself there a few years previously, this time he desired to further educate himbut failing to withstand the constant attacks  self with a view to taking a foreign mission,
of the allopaths, had removed in disgust. In  and to this end submitted to a course of pracspite of these discouraging predictions he  tical training, which stamps him as a man of
determined to make the attempt, pitching  mark  and  energy.  He attended various
his tent there, which has stood ever since, schools, working his way on a farm in the
enabling him to build up an extensive and  meanwhile, until fitted for a university. He
lucrative practice.                        finally entered William  College, WilliamsIn I862 or I863, he became a member of  town, Mass., in I850; but even while going
the Massachusetts Homceopathic State So- through the collegiate course, he was busy
ciety; continuing as such till the formation of  in perfecting himself for the practical struggle
the Maine Homeeopathic State Society, of  of life, and employed the recesses which most
which he was a promoter. Being elected  students use only for recreation, in teaching
Secretary of this latter Society, he withdrew  school. There is certainly an example here
from the other.                           for American youth; and although it does
Until within the last two years his political not appear that the mission which was the
opinions have been what is called " straight original incentive to all this self improvement
Republican;" he afterwards became a "li-  ever came, yet other things came that were
heral," and, like Andy Johnson, has occupied  of far greater account-self-reliance, poise,
the office of Highway Surveyor and Town  and a manly earnestness; and further, there
Clerk.                                     gradually came the determination to aid in
The career of Dr. Cochran is another of  the  dissemination of homceopathic truth.
the numerous instances in which some of our After graduating from William  College in
most gifted physicians have been converted  I854, and upon the receipt of a legacy from
from the error of their ways, abandoning the  his stepmother, he went to Iowa with the inold and effete system for the new and vigor- tention of teaching school, but having his
ous one introduced by Hahnemann. To such  attention drawn to medicine, was induced to
as are not afraid to avow their conversion all commence the study of it under Dr. Sanders,
praise is due.                             of Iowa City. From  that time his progress
has been rapid. In the winter of I855-'56,
he attended lectures at Dr. Pope's College,
OND, FRANK, A. B., M. D., of  in St. Louis, and then selling his Western
Brooklyn, was born in Spring- property, went to Brooklyn, where he atfield, Erie county, Pa., on the  tended lectures in the University Medical
23d of June, I827. His parents  College, and graduated March 4th, I857.
were New England people, and were among  In the October of the previous year he marthe first settlers in what was then the western  ried.  Until I864, Dr. Bond gave his time
country.  They emigrated  from  Conway, to dispensary practice, but in November of
Mass. Young Frank was left an orphan at the latter year he purchased the property at
an early age, his mother dying when he was the corner of Court and State streets, Brookseven years old and his father when he was lyn, and giving himself to private practice,
aged twelve, leaving five children, three of  speedily acquired a very distinguished conthem being by his first wife, of whom Frank  nection. Dr. Bond's career is one of real
was the eldest. The youth lived with an  note.  He takes a pride in his profession,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           285
and as a consequence his profession is proud  College, and the New York Medical College
of him.                                    for Women, which last he still holds; also
Treasurer of the New York Homceopathic
Medical Society for three years, and Visiting
OUGHTON, HENRY  CLARK, Physician to the Five Points House of InM. D., of the city of New York, dustly.
was born on the 22d day of Jan-    He was married on the 29th of December,
uary, I837, in  Roxbury  (now  I869, to Miss M. Ella Pratt, daughter of
Boston Highlands), Mass. He is the son of  Thomas Pralt, Esq., of Yarmouth, Me.
Isaac Smith Houghton and Zebiah Adams
Hill, and traces his family name back to
three brothers who settled near Boston in the
latter part of 600oo, having left their parents     BELL, DANIEL T., M. DI., of Darin England.  He left high school at the age          lington, Wis.,was born in Warren,
of eighteen years, and was engaged in busi-           Bradford county, Pa., on the 26th
ness for two years; then studying under the           day of June, in the year I838.
Rev. A. H. Quint, D. D., he entered the  He is the youngest son of Captain D. H.
Normal School at Bridgewater, Mass., from  Abell, and a descendant of Sir Robert Abell,
which he graduated in I86o.  He then en- a noted name in the nobility of England.
gaged in teaching in  Massachusetts and  His early educational advantages were deMaine for three years, studying during the  rived first from  the public schools of his
time with private instructors.  At the close  section, and afterwards from the Susquehanna
of his duties as a teacher, he entered the ser-  Collegiate Institute. Immediately upon leavvice of the Christian Commission in March, ing school he commenced the study of mediI863, and had charge of financial and sani- cine, and attended a course of lectures at the
tary matters of the Commission for one year Geneva Medical College during the years
in the Army of the Cumberland and one year  I857-'58.  Two years after, in the year I86o,
and a half in the Army of the Potomac.  At he graduated with honor from the Homceothe close of the war he returned to study, pathic Medical College of Philadelphia. Dr.
and attended the University Medical College  Abell was noted in his class as a man of
of New York city, under the Presidency of  especial aptitude for study, for quiet deterProfessor J. WN. Draper, M. D., LL. D., mination, and for genial manners.  After
during the session of I865-'66. He then took  graduating, his first experience as a practising
the spring course at Bowdoin College, the physician was at Athens, Pa., where he spent
summer course at the Portland Medical two years, in company with Dr. John L.
School, and, returning to New York, the  Corbin.  In the spring of I862 he removed
University for the session of I866-'67, at the  to Darlington, Wis., where he has since been
close of which he graduated.  During the  in active practice. A proof of the estimation
two sessions in the University Medical Col- in which Dr. Abell is held in the Western
lege he assisted Professor Roosa, and became  country is seen in the fact that he has twice
interested in aural surgery, which interest has been appointed  United  States Examining
been continued by distinguished service at Pension Surgeon, which important position
the Five Points House of Industry as Resi- he held from  I863 to I870 (when all homdent Physician for two years, and at the New  ceopathic physicians were removed by the
York Ophthalmic  Hospital, receiving the  Commissioner of Pensions), and holds the
appointment of Aural Surgeon to the latter same now, having been re-appointed March
institution in December, I868. He has also  5th, I872.  It has not been many years since
held the position of Professor of Physiology  a homceopath would have found it impossible
in the New  York Homceopathic Medical to receive such an official appointment as



286                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
this; now all places are open to him, and are   In April of 187o he entered upon general
not only open to him, but court him; the practice at Concord, Mass.; but on the Ist of
change is significant. Dr. Abell is a highly  December removed to Burlington, Vt., and
respected and influential member of the  succeeded to the practice of Dr. Thomas
Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he  Bigelow, with the most flattering prospects
has held positions of honor from  time to  of a successful career at this time.
time. He was Alternate Lay Delegate to    He was married May 4th, I87I, to Miss
the late Methodist General Conference, on  Mattie, daughter of Henry A. Wheeler, Esq.,
the memorable occasion when the Church  of Concord, Mass., by whom he has had a
first admitted lay members to a share in its son. He is a contributor to various medical
business proceedings.  He has been Super- journals, and associate editor of the Neow
intent of the Methodist Episcopal Sunday- Lnzgland Medical Gazette, Department of
School for ten consecutive years; a delegate  Psychological Medicine.
to the National Sunday-School Convention    He is a member of the Massachusetts
of Indianapolis, and is a delegate to the  Homceopathic Medical Society, the Vermont
Electoral Conference of Laymen of the West Homceopathic Medical Society, the American
Wisconsin Conference, held at Mineral Point, Institute of Homeeopathy, and an honorary
Wis., October 7th; 1873.                  member of the Homceopathic Medical Society of the State of New York.
ORCESTER, SAMUEL, M. D.,
of Burlington, Vt., was born on
the 5th day of February, I847, at       OODRUFF, FRANCIS, M. D., ol
Epping, N. H., and is a descend-          Ann Arbor, Mich., was born in
ant of a stock of professional men. Hie is           Seneca county, N. Y., on March
the great-grandson of Noah Worcester, D. D.,         15th, I826. He is a descendant
grandson of Rev. Samuel Worcester, and the  of Benjamin Woodruff, one of the heroes of
son of Samuel H. Worcester, M. D., of the American Revolution, and a native of
Salem, Mass., and of Jane A. Washburn, of  New Jersey; son of Benjamin Woodruff, an
Bridgewater, Mass.                        early settler in the State of New York, and a
Choosing himself a professional life, he  member of the Legislature in I831. In the
entered-the Medical College connected with  spring of I836, his parents emigrated to
Harvard University, at Boston, Mass., and  Michigan Territory, which in the following
graduated therefrom on July I5th, I868. On  year was admitted to sovereignty as a State
the 27th day of February, i865, he was ap- in the Union. The subject of this sketch
pointed Medical Cadet United States Army, was therefore subjected to all the vicissitudes
and ordered on duty to the National General incident to residence in a new country. He
Hospital at Baltimore, Md., and remained  was educated at such schools as the young
till the close of the war, being then honor- State afforded. Having resolved to adopt
ably discharged on account of ill health con- medicine as a profession, he, in the winter of
tracted in the service. Returning home, he  I849-'50, entered the Medical Department
was appointed Assistant Physician to the  of the Michigan University, Ann Arbor, at
Butler Hospital for the Insane, at Providence, its first term, as a homoeopathic student, and
R. I., on the I4th day of January, I867, and  the first on the matriculation.  He graduated
remained until June 3oth, I869. He then  the following year at the Western College of
spent the summer as Acting Assistant Sur- Homceopathy, at Cleveland.
geon to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear   On graduating he returned to Michigan,
Infirmary, in Boston, and the winter at the  determined to do his utmost to establish corMedical College in Philadelphia.          rect homceopathy in the Medical Department






go
M~ —Mm



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               287
of its University.  The success of his efforts, in Berlin.  In 1845 he married, and was adand the true representative men of the State, mitted  to practice.  His departure from
remains, at this writing, to be seen; but the  Prussia wsas the result of his participation in
prospect is remarkably good, inasmuch as a  the revolution of 1848. Leaving Berlin on
bill has passed both branches of the Legisla- August ISt in that year, he arrived in New
ture, and become a law, which appoints two  York September I5th, and in the winter folProfessors of Homceopathy.  He has con- lowing was converted to homceopathy by Dr.
stantly resided at Ann Arbor since first com- Pantillion, formerly Professor in the Unimencing practice, and he now enjoys a high  versity of Basle, Switzerland, with whom  he
position among the Professors of the State, studied in Milwaukee, Wis.  During the
with an extensive and wealthy patronage. following year the cholera appeared in St.
This he did not win without a severe strug- Louis, where Dr. Steinestal introduced him
gle, having to contend against the combined  to successful practice.  The great success of
influence of the medical professors of the  homceopathic medicines in the cure of that
university and a large class of students of the  epidemic, as compared with the results ob"old school."  The results of his practice, tained from allopathic treatment, elevated his
however, could not be gainsaid, and as a  faith to the pitch of enthusiasm which has
consequence he triumphed.                   characterized his life.  In  I852, attacked
Dr. Woodruff confines his attention to the  with the gold fever, he crossed the plains
immediate duties of his profession.  The  with his wife and child, in company with a
only public office he has ever occupied, or great caravan of adventurers, bound for the
aspired to, is that of Physician for the County, golden shores of the Pacific.  The cholera
the duties of which he discharged for seven  broke out on the desert plains, and there
years and a half, and f-rom which he only  Dr. Hiller had an opportunity of putting in
retired because of the pressing claims of his practice, with equal success, the homceopathic
private practice.                           treatment; and whatever lingering reverence
Great interest is taken by Dr. Woodruff in  he may have had for allopathy was then upassisting young men to obtain a medical edu- rooted forever.
cation; nearly a dozen have experienced his    He arrived in San Francisco on February
kindness and benefited by his knowledge,  1st, I853, where he soon established a wellmost of whom have proved an honor to hom- paying practice; but yielding to the solicitaceopathy.                                   tion of his friends, went, July Ist, 1854, to
Dr. Woodruff is married.  He feels great Nevada City, California, where he established
satisfaction in regard to his son, Dr. A. M. the first homceopathic hospital on the Pacific
Woodruff, who has followed his profession, coast.  Repeated fires devastated the city,
and in the present year (1873) received  and, on November 8th, I862, it was for the
the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the  third time destroyed by fire, in which Dr.
Cleveland Hospital College.                 Hiller lost his hospital and a very valuable
library. The fruits of all his labors were
thus entirely destroyed.  He then removed
ILLER, FREDERICK, M. D., of  from the Golden State to the Silver State of
San Francisco, Cal., was born in  Nevada, and settled in Virginia City, where
Berlin, Prussia, September 3oth, for seven years he distinguished himself, and
I820.   He  graduated  at the  did honor to homoeopathy by many bold and
Royal Academy for Surgeons in the Army, successful operations in surgery, which have
in Berlin, in 1840. After two years' service  given him  enduring fame in that section.
in the army, Dr. Hiller devoted three years  Several of these surgical cases are published
to the clinics of Paris, Prague and Vienna, in the fifth volume of the United States Mediand to those of Langenibach and Diffenbach, ca/ and Su-ogical you-nnal.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          289
Canada; member of the College of Physi- Redde. It contains a larger collection of
cians and Surgeons of Ontario, etc., etc.  facts relative to the circumstances favorable
and unfavorable to the occurrence of con-_-o —-- 0.0 —            sumption, than was ever before published.
In I86o, aided by several prominent citiILLARD, HENRY  B., M. D., A. zens, he established the New York HomceoM., of New York city, was born  pathic Dispensary, having now a corps of
in New Hartford, N. Y., May 2d, eight physicians, which, since its establishI833.  He is the son of Mr. D. ment, has treated II5,000 patients, and of
F. Millard. The family-of French origin-   which he has been, since I863, a trustee. In
was among the first to emigrate from Old to  I86I, he received the regular nomination of
New England, one member being mentioned  the Republican party for the office of Coroas a Selectman of Rehoboth, Mass., as early  ner, but withdrew his name before the elecas 1642.                                   tion. In 1863, he published, through C. F.
He entered Hamilton College,: N. Y., in  Hurlburt, " The Guide for Emergencies," a
185I, and graduated in I855; being awarded, work intended, not so much for ordinary
after an examination of two days, the highest " domestic " practice, as for use when a phyprize for proficiency in theoretical and prac- sician cannot be promptly obtained, and in
tical chemistry, and another for the best essay  case of accidents.  This little work  has
on political economy; maintaining, also, a reached a third edition. In I867, he accepted
high rank in scholarship.                  the Professorship of the Theory and Practice
Immediately after his graduation he com- of Medicine in the New York Medical Colmenced his medical studies with William H. lege and Hospital for Women, which position
Watson, M. D., of Utica, N. Y., one of the  he resigned in I869.
most scholarly and accomplished physicians    In April, I869, he was married to Miss
of the State; who, an enthusiastic homceo- Julia A., eldest daughter of the late ex-Mayor
pathist, had shortly before commenced prac- James Harper, the founder of the well-known
tice in that city. In the autumn of that year publishing house of Harper Brothers. Dr.
he came to New York city, entering as a  Millard was appointed in I872, by the Regents
student of Dr. John F. Gray, and matriculat- of the University of the State of New York,
ing at the Medical School of the University  one of the Examiners of Candidates for the
of New York, then at the summit of its fame, State Degree of Doctor of Medicine, under
numbering among its professors Mott, Draper, the new law of the State; a law requiring a
Bedford, M. Payne, Van Buren, etc.  He  much higher standard of attainments than is
graduated with the degree of M. D, in  at present demanded by any of our medical
March, I858. Shortly afterwards he com- colleges.
menced practice in New York city as assistant   Dr. Millard is a hard worker, and is ento the late Dr. A. Gerald Hull, one of the  gaged exclusively in private practice.  He is
ablest and most successful physicians of his a fine classical scholar, and a proficient in
day, and one of the pioneers of homceopathic  French, German and Italian.  He has made
practice in New York.  Dr. Hull dying in  numerous contributions to periodical medical
1859, Dr. Millard succeeded to a considera- literature, and has found time to contribute
ble portion of his practice.  In I859, he  many articles to the best literary magazines
translated from the German Dr. Reil's com- and newspapers. While he is a firm believer
prehensive workl on aconite, published by  in the homceopathic law, he considers it
Redde; and in I86o, read before the Ameri- obligatory upon all physicians to understand
can Geographical and Statistical Society, a both systems of treatment, and to administer
papef  on  the  " Statistics  of Consump- what will best relieve the patient; and that it
tion."  This was afterwards published by  is entirely antagonistic to all the objects of
I9



290                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPrEDIA OF
the medical profession to sacrifice to any  army surgeons, passed examination, and was
system the welfare of the patients.         appointed Acting Assistant Surgeon United
States Army, arriving at his station in time
to care for the wounded at the battle of
ON  TAGEN, C. H., M. D., of  Seven Pines, or Fair Oaks.  From that time
Cleveland, Ohio, was born  at down to the spring of I864, he served in
Easton, Northampton county, Pa., various capacities in the medical department
July 26th I835. He was educa- with  much  distinction, manifesting  much
ted at Bethlehem, Allentown, and Philadel- patriotism  and surgical skill.  Then, for
phia.  Leaving school in I852, he engaged  some unexplained reason being superseded,
in mercantile pursuits, partly in Charleston, he joined the service of the Sanitary CoinS. C., but principally in Philadelphia, in a  mission, and discharged, clown to the fall of
large importing house.  He, however, nour- that year, responsible duties, in connection
ished a desire to become a doctor, availed  with the charge of hospitals.
himself of every opportunity of attending the    During, his army career, he gained valuaJefferson College clinics, and eventually, in  ble surgical experience, and carefully ob1855, having witnessed numerous operations, served the treatment of hospital gangrene,
both minor and major, lie entered the office  and its kindred diseases, pyemia, erysipelas,
of Dr. J. G. Howard, and began the study of  thrombus, etc., tabulating the cases to show
medicine systematically.  He matriculated  the percentage of loss; four hundred cases
at the Pennsylvania Homceopathic College  were treated by him with marked success,
in I855, and, having regularly attended the  the percentage of loss being reduced fiom 40
Blockley and Pennsylvania Hospitals, and  down to 3 per cent.  In " Resections " he
the Wills Eye Infirmary clinics, he graduated  won much success; one case, in which he
in the spring of 1858. During the session of  saved a mangled foot, torn by a Minie ball,
I857-'58, he filled the chair of Surgery in the  was considered worthy of report in  the
Hahnemannian Institute, and was one of the  Unzited Satles zfedical anzd Surgical 7ozurlzal
physicians of the dispensary, both institutions  of Chicago, vol. i., No. 3, p. 27I.
being connected with the college.              In I867, he was appointed lecturer of SurHe began practice in I858 at Brantford, gical Anatomy and  Demonstrator at the
Brant county, Canada West, as a pioneer of  Hahnemann Medical College, and held it
liomceopathy; labored successfully, despite  for eighteen months, assisting in filling the
opposition, for three years, and on the out- chair of Clinical Operative Surgery. Resignbreakl  of the war sought military duty. ing, he went to Harrisburg, practised until
After in vain applying for a commission, he  the winter of I872, when he was appointed
recruited, in Boston, a company for engineer  Professor of Ophthalmology and Ototomy in
duty, agreeably to instructions from a regi- the Cleveland Homoeopathic Medical Colment commander, serving in General J. A. lege, of which he is also Registrar.  In conDix's department.  Arriving at headquarters nection with these duties, he has already
with the men, he found that the officer in  secured a large practice as a specialist in the
question had deceived him, having no au- surgical treatment of eye, ear, and throat
thority to raise men for other than ordinary  diseases.
infantry duty.  General Dix not only ab-    Dr. Von Tagen has contributed valuable
solved Dr. Von Tagen from  all blame, but papers on operative surgery and other subgave him  a letter to the War Department,  jects to the Xort/h A4merican, the  ULzited
which secured him  a commission as second  States zMJedical and Surztgical ozrnza of Chilieutenant in a cavalry regiment, doing duty  cago, Ohio Mfedical and Surgical Reporter,
on the Potomac.  After serving in bhat capa- and Am4erican 7 ournal of froniaopathic /Mlacity for five months, he answered the call for teria Jfedica of Philadelphia.



292                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPiEDIA  OF
periments were directed to the leading ques- earnest student, and exhibits as much zeal as
tion, whether medicines prepared in such  at any time of his life in his profession. In
minute quantities could have any effect at the advocacy of the principles of homceopaall upon the human system  in a state of  thy, he is unremitting, and he is constantly
disease. Having thoroughly satisfied him- adding to the large number of converts whom
self upon this point, he proceeded with the  he has gathered in since he first became a
study and practice of the new method, and  disciple of the new school.
was so much gratified with his success, that
he entirely abandoned the old system in its
favor. Thereupon he located at Munda, in
Livingston county, N. Y., where homceo-            UBBARD, LEVI, M. D., of Atchipathy had been  very favorably received               son, Kans., was born in Holden,
under the practice and teaching of D. M.              Mass., February 24th, i808. His
Dake, M. D., whose father had also adopted           father was Benjamin Hubbard,
it a year or two ago before his death.  In  a descendent of the old family of that name
this place he resided for twenty years, built who early settled in New England.
up a large and lucrative practice, and won    At seventeen years of age, he entered Leiin liberal measure the esteem and confidence  cester Academy, and pursued his studies for
of the community.                         five years, teaching school during the winter
In 1854, his wife died from  malignant months, completing his literary education at
typhoid fever, and in the year following, he  Amherst Academy in I83I. HIe then commarried Celestia Russell, by whom he has menced the study of medicine with Dr. J. M.
five children.                             Smith, of West Boylston, Mass., attending
He removed in I865 to Battle Creek, a lectures in the spring of I832, in Woodstock,
flourishing city in Michigan, where he found  Vt. Entering his name as a student of Drs.
an enlarged field of usefulness, and where  Childs and Parker, he afterward attended
homceopathy was the predominant system of  two full courses of lectures at the Berkshire
medical treatment.  After about five years' Medical Institution, and  graduated  from
practice, through over-work, and perhaps that college in I835. He then commenced
from the influence of the climate, his health  to practice in Medfield, Mass., and after regave way. Partially recovering, but hardly  maining three years moved to Plymouth,
able to engage in business, he changed his  where he obtained a good patronage.  In
residence to Titusville in the fall of I87I.  the latter place he held the office of Port
Here, in a new climate, he has almost re- Physician for four years, and until the ill
covered his health, and is once again actively  health of his family forced him to seek anand zealously engaged in the duties of his other home.
profession.  His patronage is large, and    While in Plymouth, after losing several
comes from the most intelligent and influ- cases of croup, his attention was called to
ential people in the city and neighborhood.   the superior advantages of homceopathic
He is more ardently devoted to homceopa- treatment by Dr. Ingalls, then of Boston.
thy now than he has ever been, and rejoices  After examining the subject carefully and
that he has lived to see its triumph in this thoroughly, and practically testing the effects
country. Toward this triumph, Dr. Mechem, of the principal remedies, through a period
by his ability, energy, and devotion has con- of several years, he was astonished at his
tributed his full share.  Wherever he has  comparative success, and finally fully conlabored, he has caused homeopathy to be  vinced that he had found a more excellent
first respected  and then  largely adopted. way. During his investigations and practiThough now advanced in years, and fully  cal experiments, he was much annoyed by
entitled to some repose, he still continues an  the criticisms of the Boston physicians with



294                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPIEDIA OF
ROWN, TITUS  L., M. D., was attended another course of lectures at the
born in the town of Hillsdale, Homoeopathic Medical College of PennsylColumbia county, N. Y., October vania, in  Philadelphia, under Professors
I6th, I828.  In I836, his father, Walter Williamson, Matthew Semple, Alvan
Stephen L. Brown, a well to do and much  E. Small, William  A. Gardiner, Joseph G.
respected farmer, removed with his family  Loomis, William  S. Helmuth, and Frlncis
from Hillsdale to the neighborhood of what Sims.  In  I853, he obtained his diploma
is now known as the city of Binghampton, firom  this college, and has been in active
N. Y.-once the home of the honored and  practice ever since in Binghampton.  He
beloved Daniel S. Dickinson.  At the early  has held the office of jail physician in that
age of eight years the subject of this sketch  city, for ten years, performing the duties reevinced a predilection for books and study in  quil-ed with honor and credit to himself, and
preference to farming, and while he would  with the utmost satisfaction to the authorities.
strengthen his young frame by hard work in  This experience has enabled him to deterthe fields in summer, in the winter he applied  mine, with much accuracy, to what extent
himself assiduously to the education and im-'attenuated medicines vill cure diseases inciprovement of his mind.  His faithful perse- dent to the criminal.  In closing this sketch
verance in this regard, gained for him, at the  we can assert that, as a champion of homceage of sixteen, his certificate qualifying him  opathy, Dr. Brown ranks among the highest
for the duties of school teacher.  For the  and strongest, and as to the estimation in
three years following he satisfactorily in- which he is held professionally and socially
structed youth in the district schools; his in his home, we cannot do better than quote
estimable  traits of temper and  character  the remarks of one of his townsmen and
securing him unusual success and credit as a  friends:
teacher, and love and respect as a kind, hon-    " He has several traits of character well
orable young man.  A laudable desire to  worth mentioning.  First and foremost, he is
enter a wider and more important sphere as nearly forty years without the use in his own
a professional man, was gratified in I847, person of tea, coffee, tobacco, liquors or
when Dr. Oliver E. Noble, of Penn Yan, N. beer; and on all occasions he manifests full
V., while on a visit to the family, influenced  charity for those who by their surroundings
Titus L. Brown to choose the practice of  have been less fortunate in forming temperate
medicine as his future vocation. Dr. Noble's habits of life.
enthusiasm and arguments in favor of homce-    " Order and neatness about his office, mediopathy decided his interested hearer to give  cines, and person, constitute the first attracthat school the preference. Under his advice  tions; and help to give you the idea that he
and mentorship young Brown's studies im- loves his chosen calling.
mediately commenced, and have been unre-        He is an enthusiast on the subject of
mittingly continued till the present day.  In  homceopathy, free religion, hygiene, and
1848-'49, after a year and a half of close ap- temperance.
plication to such works as his preceptor    "He has a fearless tongue for the'Do
recommended, he was prepared for a first right' in the great reforms in human procourse of medical lectures, at the University  gress of the nineteenth century.
of New York, under Professors Valentine    " Creeds, superstitions,- and dogmas, find
Mott, John William Draper, Martin Paine, no resting place with him.  Truth and goodand Gunning L. Bedford.  In I850, he com- ness are his chosen guides in their stead, to
menced the practice of homoeopathic medi- lead in the paths of present and future hapcine in Binghampton, N. Y., according to the  piness.  His prospects for the future, I have
law of c" Simziiia," and thus continued-study-  often heard him  say, depended more upon
ing earnestly the while-till I852, when he  do'imz, than faith or believing.  Who would



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                  295
not adopt with him  that'of all the sweet accompanied him  to France when he reprecomforts of life, none can equal that which  sented our Government at the court of Louis
conscious innocence and integrity of conduct XVI.
gives?'' Honorable business and constant    In 1843, he was married to Adeline H.
care for the welfare of others is duty, and  Eastman, daughter of Ebenezer and Deborah
makes life flow like a placid river.'         (Greeley) Eastman, who were among the
"'Do  right and fear not, with all the  early pioneers of Gilmanton, N. H.  The
liberty and light one can possess,5 is the  name is prominent in the civic and military
motto of his life."                           history of New  England-showing an unbroken line of descent through Governor
HEAVEN ON EARTH.                  Winthrop, to William the Conqueror.
His medical education  was completed'The parson may preach and the fanatic rave,  under his brother, Henry M. Guernsey, M.
Of existence eternal beyond the dark grave;ed at the Ho
Their heaven, they say, is far up above,
But mine is on earth, and I call it love!  Medical College of Pennsylvania, in I852.
He has resided in Philadelphia ever since his
The love of a parent, the love of a child,  graduation, and during more than twenty-one
Who with fond caressings has hours beguiled; 
years has been engaged in active practice.
T he love of a homestead free from all care,
With dear ones around me-my heaven is there 1    Enjoying robust health, he has given his
whole time and energies to the practice of
" The love of a brother!-and hourly strive   his profession, which has proved both sucWith heart and with hand to help him to thrive;
cessful and lucrative. His numerous patients
To say to the hungry —Iy dinner is thine;To make others happy, that heaven is mine.  accord him the meed of consummate skill,
and faithful and untiring devotion to their
" If we acted as conscience dictated our course,  welfare.
There'd be no occasion for grief or remorse;
If we judged not by gold, but by a man's worth,
Then indeed we would find a heaven on earth! 
AKER, H. C., M. D., of St Louis,
[   Mo., was born in Illinois, April
25th, I843.  He received a suUERNSEY, TW IL L  I A M  FUL-                   perior education in private schools
LER, M. D., was born in Ro-  and academies in St. Louis, where he rechester, Windsor  county, Vt., moved in I849.  Having a natural bent for
December I2th, I814. His father, medicine, he betook himself early to that
Joseph Guernsey, was one of the earliest to  study under competent instructors.  In I864,
respond to the summons of the Government he was appointed to an official position in
in the war of 1812.  His grandfather was a  New  Mexico.  He performed  the  duties
Baptist minister-a nephew of three brothers  satisfactorily, and in I866, returned to St.
who settled in America about I620.  The  Louis.  He had up to this time been prac,
family coat of arms representing the lions  tising the allopathic treatment.  Upon his
passaznt, is still seen on many old coins.  The  second visit to St. Louis, however, the truths
medical profession has  always been fully  of homceopathy were forcibly presented to
represented  in  the  family.  His  mother, him, and he adopted the reform school pracPhoebe Jefferson, aged ninety-one years, now  tice.   He was induced to do this by his
living with him, a faithful, active, intelligent father, William  B. Baker, then President of
Christian, and a constant reader of all scien-  the Homcoeopathic College of St Louis.  He
tific and religious literature, was daughter of  studied under the influence and direction of
Joseph Jefferson, a soldier of the Revolution,  Dr. J. T. Temple, and graduated with honor
who being a cousin of Thomas Jefferson,  from the St. Louis College of Medicine and



296                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
Surgery, in 1870o. In 1872, he was appointed  with Dr. Randolph, of South Carolina, and a
lecturer on Obstetrics, to the St. Louis Col- homceopathic physician of New  York, delege, a position he now holds.  In I87I, he  voted themselves to the care of the sick,
located in the western part of the city, where  taking each an equal number of patients in
he has built a solid practice among the best charge.  During the course of their services,
classes of citizens.  He gives great attention  both he and Dr. Randolph were so astonished
to the diseases of women and children, his  at the successful use of the homceopathic
college position aiding his reputation in this  remedies, that they resolved to become prodirection.  Dr. Baker was married in I870, ficients in  their administrations, and  on
to Miss Alalia Phinney, of Massachusetts. reaching the Atlantic states, he located at
Tle is one of the rising men of the west.   once in Osceola, Tioga county, Pa., to put immediately into practice his newly discovered,
and, to him, marvellous means of cure.
Engaged thus for four years in Osceola, with
XAY, WILLIAM   WALKER, M. very flattering success, and desiring a larger
D., of  Dayton, WTalla WvTalla field of usefulness, he removed to Eau Claire,
-     county, Wash. Ter., was born on  Wis., to introduce the homceopathic system,
the 27th day of August, I8I6, at and there spent fourteen years of highly sucTriangle, Broome county, N. Y., where also  cessful practice, first successfully overcoming
he received his education until the age of  the bitterest opposition from physicians of the
twenty-one years.  At that time he emigrated  old school, and the mistrust of the commnreunity
to Indiana, and spent three years in the study  influenced by them, and then so rapidly rising
of medicine with Dr. T. P. Albertson, with  in popularity as to require for a long time an
whom  he then entered into copartnership, assistant.  He here held for several years an
which continued six years.  I-e afterwards  appointment from the Governor of the State,
attended a course of lectures at the Western  as examining surgeon for the selection of
Reserve Medical College, in Cleveland, O., county physicians.  In 1S7I, worn out with
and graduated in 1.847 from that institution, his long continued and extremely arduous
holding a membership in the Cleveland Medi-  duties, he sought the climate of the Pacific
cal Lyceum, organized in January, 1846, and  coast, and after travelling through many of
in  the  Cleveland  Academy  of Natural the western states, settled permanently in
Sciences.   After receiving  his degree he  Dayton, Wash. Ter., where he has regained
returned to Yorktown, Incl., for one year, his health, and enjoys the distinction of being
when owing to the loss of his health, from  the only homeopathic practitioner in that
the so called milk-sickness, incident to that Territory, and in all respects one well worthy
region, he returned to his native village, to represent so noble and so beneficent a
where in the following year he was married. science.
In the summer of I85o, he made a voyage to
San Francisco, afterward locating in Mokeluhne Hill, Calaveras county, first engaging         EE, RODMAN STODDARD, M.
there for a short time in mining, and then in           D., of Racine,,Wis., was born in
practice, until September, I853, when he set            Toronto, Canada, October 2nd,
out on his return home by steamer from San              I822. His father was English by
Francisco. On the voyage, they were obliged  descent, and his mother, Scotch-fri-om  the
to put in to Acapulco for coal, and on leaving  family of the Bruces.  His father, who was a
this port, the cholera broke out among the  mechanic actively engaged in the business of
steerage passengers with such virulence as to  his calling, found but little time to devote to
result in from five to eight deaths per day, the education of his children, who were, conwhen, in answer to the call of the captain, he  sequently, left very much to their own re



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          297
sources. Having a passionate love for books, volved in many debates, and in controversy
the subject of this sketch devoted his leisure  through the press.  Since his public life
moments to self culture. In his seventeenth  commenced, he has delivered twen y-five
year he began teaching school during the  unzndtred lectures upon the relative merits of
winter, and pursuing a course of studies as the two systems; has published tlirty thoubest he could, preparatory to a professional sand pamphlets-in all about half a nzillionz
course.  His progress was retarded greatly  pages-for free distribution. His zeal in the
by domestic circumstances over which he had  cause has been restricted only by enfeebled
no control.  In his twenty-second year, he health, and crippled finances.  He has made
came to the United States, and with a view  converts by thousands, to homceopathy, and
to preparing himself for the ministry, attended  has been the means of changing the practice
"Albion College," Michigan.  Abandoning  of numerous allopathic physicians.  He has
his plansin reference to the ministry, he en- made thousands of warm  friends, and as
tered upon mercantile life, but continued his many bitter enemies.  He is now  deeply
studies with a view to the practice of medi- interested in the cure of chronic diseases, and,
cine. In I853, he located in Detroit, thor- the better to develop his plans, has opened a
oughly allopathic in his sentiments, and bit- homoeopathic institute with all the modern
terly opposed to homceopathy, which he con- improvements.   He uses Turkish  baths,
sidered false in theory, and dangerous in  electro-thermal, alcoholic and sulphur, and
practice.  The illness of his wife, and the  other medical baths; besides electrical treatutter failure of allopathy to accomplish any- ment, and treatment with the Equalizer and
thing for her benefit, led him to waver in his  Life Invigorator, and his success has been
faith in the system. Five physicians were  proportionate with his comprehensive and
helpless to afford relief. When the last hope  beneficent plans. The honorary degree of
had fled, she asked for homceopathic counsel, M. D., was conferred  upon him  by the
and Drs. Thayer, Drake, and Ellis were  Cleveland Homceopathic College.
called. Their ministry was successful, and
her life was saved to her family and friends.
During the two years next succeeding, he
continued4 in mercantile pursuits, devoting   ['     AKEMAN, JOHN  ADAMS, M.
his leisure time to study. Meanwhile, cholera         D., of Centralia, Ills., was born
and dysentery had two years of fearful havoc,         on the 23rd day of January, I815,
and death had a rich harvest among the                in Tompkins county, N. Y., from
patients of allopathy.  Homceopathy, on the  which place he emigrated in I833, to Huron
other hand, saved a large percentage of those  county, 0. While residing in that county,
who submitted to its treatment.   Unable  and at the age of nineteen years, he took up
longer to resist his convictions that a field of  the study of mzedicine under the instruction
usefulness had opened before him in the new  of an allopathic physician, and attended three
system, he began the study of medicine with  full courses of lectures at Columbus, O.,
fresh zeal. Old theories gave place to new  graduating at the close of the second course,
views, and fixed laws and principles of cure, in I838.  In March of the same year, he
and he found in the study a degree of satis- married Miss Huldah  J. Stiles, and comfaction which he had hardly dared to antici- menced the practice of medicine, according
pate.                                      to the teachings of the school in which he
In I857, he left Detroit to take the field  had been educated, and which he continued
for lectures upon homeeopathy, aiming to  for fifteen years. At the close of this period,
teach it in all its simple grandeur and beauty, and after much close study and investigation,
as opposed to the unsatisfactoriness and un- he became a convert to homeopathy, and
certainty of allopathy.  He thus became in- attending the lectures at the Hahnemann



298                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP_/EDIA OF
Medical College of Philadelphia, in the win- gating the claims of homceopathy, and occater of 1852-'53, graduated from that institution  sionally testing the efficacy of its treatment
at the close of the session, to devote the re- upon his patients, he was, in February, IS6I,
mainder of his life to the demonstration of  expelled from the St. Louis Medical Society
the superior efficacy of the new system  of for practising the simzi/ia simil2ZibZts mode of
therapeutics.                               cure.  Pending the trial, controversies were
On leaving Philadelphia, he located in  carried on between Dr. Walker and members
Portsmouth, O., where he remained in very  of the allopathic society, in which the latter
successful practice for eight years, passing  used the bitterest invectives, hurled the fiercest
during that time through three epidemics of  denunciations, and showed the most maligAsiatic cholera, when the declining health of  nant spirit of hatred and bigotry that the
his wife induced him to remove to his present human mind can conceive. But all their arplace of residence, then quite a new country, gumnents and senseless assertions were anin 1859.   He here resumed his professional swered in a gentlemanly and dignified manduties, and, in I866, associated himself with  ner, in which the facts and truths, the foundaJefferson Dunn, M. D., when, his own health  tion stones of hoinceopathy, were presented,
failing, he was enabled to attend only in con- and by the old school advocates are unansultations.  He is now again in active prac- swered and unanswerable.
tice, more in love with the homceopathic law    In May, I86I, he entered the army as
then ever before, more zealous in pressing its  Surgeon of Volunteers, which  position lhe
claims, and with a growing experience and a  held for two years, faithfully and creditably
ripe culture more and more successful in its serving his country as one of its sustainers,
practice.  He is a member of the Homceopa- and nobly upholding the honor and reputation
thic Medical Society of the State of Illinois. of his profession.  He has been Professor of
Obstetrics in the Itomceopathic Medical College of Missouri for five years; was associated
with Dr. W. T. Helmuth in editing the fioATLKER, GEORGE S., M. D., of  vnxpojptzhic Observer, and with Dr. T. G. ConmSt. Louis, Mo., was born June  stock in conducting the Occic/enlai, also a
I9th, I820, in Allegheny county, medical journal, both published in St. Louis.
Pa.  He graduated in the Jeffer-    By Dr. Walker's close attention to business,
son Literary College, Canonsburg, Pa., in  his thorough and comprehensive acquaintance
1844. Like many Northernl young men of  with disease and the various methods of its
that time, when through college, he went to  cure, he has secured a large and lucrative
the South, where he taught an academy in  practice, while his general intelligence, and his
Camden, S. C., for two years, carrying on his extensive acquaintance with science, art, and
medical studies at the same time.  He then  literature have attracted around him  a large
went to Philadelphia, and attended lectures at circle of warm  friends, who appreciate his
the Jefferson Medical College, in I846-'47; rare merits and attainments.
then commenced practice in Pittsburg, Pa.
He was one of the Argonauts of'49, going to
California in that year, and remaining there
nearly three years.  Returning to Philadel-          URRITT, AMATUS ROBBINS,
phia, he entered upon his second course of              M. D., of Huntsville, Ala., was
lectures at the Jefferson Medical College, and          horn near Springville, Ills., April
graduated in I852.                                      I9th, I833, and is the son of Dr.
In April of the same year, he settled in St. Alexander H. Burritt, one of the pioneers of
Louis, where he practised allopatby, until homceopathy.
I86o.  Having been for some years investi-    Seeing in the son what he believed to be a






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s:~~~~~~~~~~~~!,,, ~ (,,,'.,-J,. —--—:!!,',;l}:~,!;t:!!~,iilil',i~;;!,:(,,i~iijii!~,,,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               299
peculiar fitness for the study of medicine, he  have baffled some of the best physicians in
early directed his attention to that profession; the land.
and by familiar converse and explanation    But it is upon his well earned merits as an
upon subjects suifed to his youthful compre- obstetrician that the largest measure of his
hension laid the foundation of a thorough  fame will finally rest. Few, if any, practitioknowledge of his profession, and greatly en- ners even of this advanced day excel him in
couraged the spirit of investigation which has  exhaustive research into, and an almost percharacterized  the man.  Though entering  feet knowledge of this difficult and often neupon his studies at a very early age, he brought glected branch of the profession.  Being ferto the work a knowledge of general principles, tile in resource, prompt in action, and daring,
and  the results of observations obtained  though cautious in treatment, he is always
through his father's practice as rare as they  reliable in an emergency.  Uniting an unwere invaluable to the young student.  He  usual delicacy with the utmost firmness and
received his medical education at Cleveland, self-possession, he is peculiarly adapted to this
O., and graduated from the Western Homce- important work.
opathic College, in I853.  Soon afterward he    Possessing a genial manner, an irresistible
located in Huntsville, Ala., where he became  humor, and an ardent devotion to friends, he
associated with Dr. Richard Angell, who had  is deservedly popular in the social circle.
for some years been established there.      Without the aid of party, church, or clique,
In I866, he married Miss Mary K. Robin- he has achieved for himself a proud position
son, by whom  he has now  a son and a  among his compeers, and a reputation destined
daughter.                                   to widen with the years.
Soon after Dr. Burritt located in Hunts-    To such men as Dr. Burritt the homceopaville, a severe epidemic of scarlatina of a very  thic fraternity are greatly indebted for the inmalignant type occurred in that place; and  creasing confidence and respect with which
his remarkable success in its treatment secured  they are regarded by the public.
him at once a large practice and an extensive
reputation; and made the homceopathic system of treatment very popular in that vicinity.
Although at first Dr. Burritt met with consi-    -   LEVELAND, WM. L., M. D., of
derable opposition, his undeniable success as           Atlanta, Ga., was born in Hara practitioner, and his suave and gentlemanly           risburg, Pa., on June I6th, I809.
demeanor has created for him  a friendly re-            He is the son of Dr. John Clevegard even among his opponents, many of land, of Harrislurg, Pa., who died when the
whom have been led by his successful prac- subject of this sketch was scarcely eight years
tice to greatly modify their treatment of dis- old. As he grew up, he showed distinctly
ease.  H.e is the author of some original that he had inherited his father's love for the
methods of medical and surgical treatment in  practice of medicine.  He was reared by his
diseases of women, which are worthy of re- brother A. A. Cleveland, of Wilkes county,
cord, and we hope that when the doctor lays  Ga. He entered the office of his brother-inaside the more arduous and engrossing duties law, Dr. C. J. Ward. also of the same county,
of his large and ever increasing practice, he  in 1832, for the purpose of reading medicine.
will employ the medium of the pen for the  In I833, he went to Charleston, S. C., to atstill wider benefit of suffering humanity.  tend lectures in the fall, but in consequence
The chief element of his remarkable sue- of pecuniary embarrassment, his purpose had
cess lies probably in what might be called an  to be abandoned.  It being necessary to find
intuitive perception of disease.  He rarely  the means of living, he engaged in a mercanfails in a diagnosis.  An intricate case is his  tile business, until I839. Then he established
delight; and he has unravelled many which  himself in the drug business in that city, and



300                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCILOPAEDIA OF
carried it on successfully until I854. During  and puts forth every effort to advance its
this time, however, he had not wholly given  interests.  He was one of the pioneers of the
up his idea of entering the medical profession. cause in Georgia, and by his able argunments
He had kept up his reading, and attended  in its behalf during the fifteen years which he
lectures in the South Carolina Medical Col- has devoted himself entirely to its practice,
lege in the same city, and did an extensive  he has converted several physicians of the old
practice in connection with his drug business. school. One of these acknowledges a lasting
Finally he disposed of his business interests  debt of gratitude to Dr. Cleveland for the
and went North for the purpose of studying  skill and care that resulted in restoring him
homceopathy, to which  his attention had  to health andt happiness from  the sufferings
been drawn, and the superiority of which  of chronic cystitis.
over allopathy had been most palpably de-    Although at the present time Dr. Clevemonstrated by the almost magical recovery  land has a very extensive practice, and is
of a sister under homceopathic treatment at warmly supported by a large circle of the
the hands of Dr. Bayard of New York; and  best families in the city of Atlanta and the
received during his studies and researches  surrounding country, he always finds time to
valuable assistance from his friend, Dr. J. attend to the necessities of poor and destitute
Lloyd Martin, now of Baltimore.  He grad- suffering humanity.  No appeal to him for
uated at the Hommeopathic College of Cleve- advice and treatment from such unfortunates
land, O.  He began his career as a homceo- was ever disregarded; his warm-hearted,
path in Atlanta, Ga., in 1858.  For a time he  generous nature rendering him always ready
suffered intensely from the jeers, sneers, in- to respond to their calls so far as it is in his
suits and persecutions of the practitioners of  power to do so.
the old school; but he bore them with dignity,    Dr. Cleveland is at this writing in his
supported by the firm faith that time would  sixty-third year, but his life having been well
establish the value of the new system he was spent, and proper regard paid to the laws of
introducing.   Calmly  pursuing  his way, health, he is as hale and hearty as most comaccomplishing many very remarkable results, paratively young men.  He is very active in
his practice steadily increased, and many  his habits, and fills a wide sphere of usefulwho at first had ridiculed, not only ceased  ness.  In public and social matters he takes
their jibes, but gave in their adhesion to the  a deep interest, but has never aspired to any
all-potent principles, the observance of which  prominent position in politics or in local
had been attended with such gratifying suc- affairs, preferring to discharge his duty in a
cess.  Hlis skill in treating disease is now as  quiet, unobtrusive manner, and to confine his
widely acknowledged as his attention to his  ambition within the limits of his own profesprofession and its manifold duties is close  sion.  Possessing unusually fine qualities of
and unremitting.  He occupies a position  mind and heart, well informed in a wide
second to that of no physician in Atlanta.    range of subjects, and very attractive in his
Dr. Cleveland is still a very earnest student, manners, he has made hosts of warm friends
and studies with a mind ever open to impar- in the community in the midst of which he
tially weigh all new theories and all novelties  labors.
in practice that are brought forward.  He
keeps himself well up with the march of the
profession.  He subscribes to, and  reads  -        iEMPEL,  CHARLES J., M. D., of
with diligent care, every homceopathic journal         Grand Rapids, Mich., was born
published in America, and also several Euro-           in Solingen, Prussia, September
pean periodicals; not even disregarding the             5th, iSII.  On the completion
allopathic and eclectic literature.         of his collegiate education, he availed himHe is a staunch advocate of homceopathy, self of the privilege accorded to young men



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           301
who had passed a successful examination, of  prominent: " Hahnemann's Materia Medica
postponing his entrance upon the military  Pura,"  in  four volumes; " Hahnemann's
service of Prussia until the close of his twenty- Chronic Diseases," in five volumes; " Jahr's
third year, and visited Paris to attend the  Symptomen Codex," in two volumes; "6 Relectures of the distinguished men who then  pertory7" to this last (original); " Hartmann's
filled the chairs in the University and College  Acute and Chronic Diseases," in four volde France.  He there made the acquaint- unimes; Baer's work on the same subject;
ance of the celebrated Michelet, successor of  "Jahr's Clinical Guide," one volume, I2mo.;
Guizot in the Chair of History, and assisted  "Jahr's Mental Diseases and their Homceohim in the publication of his "History of  pathic Treatment," one volume; "Jahr's
France."  He considers his six months' resi- Diseases of Women and Children," one voldence in the Professor's family as one of the  ume, 8vo.; " Jahr's Venereal Diseases," one
most profitable and agreeable periods of his volume, 8vo.; " Teste's Materia Medica;"
life. While attending lectures he became  " Small's Domestic Physician;" " Hempel and
acquainted with many American  families  Beakley's Domestic Physician;" "Hempel's
resident in Paris, who induced him to emi — Domestic Physician;"' " Homceopathic Dograte to America. Landing in New York on  mestique;" "Organon  of Homoeopathy;"
September 5th, I835-the twenty-fourth an- " Rane's Organon of Homceopathy," and
niversary of his birthday-he at once applied  " Hempel's System of Materia Medica and
himself to a thorough acquisition of the Eng- Therapeutics."  In addition to these he has
lish language; reading  the English  and  translated all of Schiller's writings not preAmerican classics with a passionate enthu- viously translated, and has superintended the
siasm equalled only by that which he devoted  publication of a cole/rite edcition of his works
to the Italian language and literature. Re- in English, by Kcehler, in Philadelphia.
siding for two years in the family of Signor   While actively engaged in the practice of
Marancelli, the friend of Silvio Pellico, he  homoeopathy, he became acquainted with and
there imbibed an ardent love for music and  married his present wife, daughter of the late
Italian literature, and for the ideas of liberty  George Coggeshall, Esq., of (Grand Rapids,
for which the members of the Carbonari were  Mich., one of the founders of that beautiful
remarkable, and for which they had been  and flourishing city.  He is thus allied with
terribly persecuted.  He attended the medi- a thoroughly American family, his wife being
cal lectures of the University of New York, a lineal descendant of the Hon. William
then recently organized, of which he became  Bradford, first Governor of the colony of
one of the earliest graduates.  He numbered  Rhode Island, who came over in the " Mayamong his valuable acquaintances some of the  flower."
most talented literary characters of the city.   Soon after his marriage he was called to
All of these were enthusiastic advocates of fill the chair of Matel-ia Medica and Therahomceopathy, a system of practice which had  peutics in the Homceopathic Medical College
won his sympathy and admiration even in  of Philadelphia. There he labored with his
his early boyhood. Drs. Gram, Clanning, wonted zeal and energy in the cause of homGray, Hall, and Hering, and others, among  ceopathic science, and published his valuable
the oldest homceopatbic practitioners in New  work on " Materia Medica and Therapeutics."
York and Philadelphia, were his friends and  The death of his father-in-law  rendered it
constant companions, to whose sympathy and -necessary for him  to remove with his family
counsel he considers himself largely indebted, to Grand Rapids, in order to look after the
Soon after his graduation he commenced the  family estates. He was soon engaged in an
translation of the leading authorities of hom- extensive and laborious practice, aided by
ceopathy.  Among these translations and  his able young friend, Dr. Jacob Reed, Jr.,
original worlis the following are the most of Philadelphia. Almost immediately after



302                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
taking up his residence in Grand Rapids, he  enter an allopathic college; but his father
was recommended by the physicians of Mich- having had a severe attack of rheumatism,
igan to the Regents of the University at Ann  which, resisting  the allopathic remedies,
Arbor, as a proper person to fill the chair of yielded readily to the genial influence of
Homoeopathy, created in the University by  homceopathy, under the guidance of Dr.
an Act of the Legislature. The efforts of the  Henry N. Guernsey, then a young physician,
homceopathists to have this chair filled in  he was urged by his mother to examine the
accordance with the law provoked a bitter claims of the new school. Accordingly he
controversy with the Regents, who have thus sought an interview with the Professors of the
far succeeded in evading the law.         College in Filbert street, Philadelphia, from
Dr. Hempel's health has been failing for whom he received valuable information and
some years past. A visit to his fatherland, a list of books, in which  Hahnemiann's
and to Rome and Naples, where he spent the  "Organon" was most prominent.  After
winter of I872, did not result as beneficially  careful study of this work, and observing the
as he had anticipated.  He has retired from  numerous  cases of successful treatment,
active life. He has written a work on the  which, at different times, came under his
" Life of Christ" in the German language, notice, he was induced to prosecute the study
for the benefit of his German countrymen in  of homceopathy, and placed himself under
America; a work on " The True Organiza- the instruction of Dr. H. N. Guernsey, of
tion of the New Church," and " A  New  Frankford, Pa.  He matriculated  at the
Grammar of the German Language."  Dr. Homoeopathic Medical College of PennsylHempel is one of the oldest honorary mem- vania in I85I, and graduated in I853. In
bers of the British Homceopathic Society, and  that year he commenced practice in Upper
has received the compliment of diplomas and  Darby, and in I856 moved into the borough
certificates of membership from many Ameri- of Darby, where he has since continued.
can medical colleges and associations.       On June 23d, I858, he married  Miss
Martha A. Rahow, and has three children.
In political sentiments he is Republican,
ONES, STACY, M. D., of Darby, though holding no office but that of School
Pa., was born in Moorestown, Director. In religion he is connected with
N. J., November 23d, I828. His the Church of the New Jerusalem.
father was a Pennsylvanian of    Dr. Jones has moved along in a quiet,
Welsh descent; his mother, a native of New  unostentatious way; not seeking public reJersey, was of English ancestry. Both father nown, but laboring faithfully in his profesand mother were members of the Society of sion. He has corresponded but little with
Friends-Orthodox.  When in his second  the medical journals; has kept a faithful reyear his father moved to a farm which he had  cord of the cases he has had under his charge,
purchased in Cheltenham  township, Mont- and invented for his own use a system of
gomery county, Pa. After working on the pneumonics, by which he is able promptly to
farm until he was fourteen, he went into a remember the remedies answering to the
store kept by a cousin, in Medford, N. J., different symptoms.
and continued there two years, when he went   Some years since he endeavored to instito Westtown Boarding School, where he re- tute "a circulating letter" among the physimained several years; served as an assistant cians of the adjoining districts. It was in
general teacher two sessions; then taught a operation for a short time, with the title of
select Friends' school in Woodbury, N. J., the " Homoeopathic Corresponding Circle,"
until his twenty-second year.  While en- with a constitution and by-laws, but fell
gaged in teaching his mind was directed to  through in consequence of the little interest
the study of medicine, and he planned to  of the members.



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B~i~~i~~~.....e 
622~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:



HOMI(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          303
ALTHER, EDWARD, M. D., of  located in Sumneytown, in I795, and died in
St Paul, Minn., was born in Ger- I8I3. When fifteen  years of age young
many July 8th, 1835.  He ac- Becker began to assist his father in the
quired the preliminary education  preparation of his medicines, and in minor
requisite in that country for entering the uni- surgical operations; he also when practicable
versity. At eighteen years of age he came to  accompanied his father to the bedside of his
America and remained four years. Return- patients, thus acquiring a practical as well as
ing to Germany, he spent three years in the  theoretical knowledge of disease and its
study of medicine and received his diploma. treatment. After the death of his father,
Again returning to America, he located at being anxious to pursue his studies, but
Galena, Ills., where he was peculiarly suc- without means, he was obliged to labor
cessful in the treatment of the different forms several years for their acquirement. In I818,
of eye diseases.  In I862, he removed to  he married the daughter of a Quaker family,
Elkader, Clayton county, Ia.  Diphtheria  and not until I819, was he able to attend his
was prevailing in that section of country in a first course at the University of Pennsylvania.
very malignant form.  His i'epbltation for In 1820, he located at Lynnville, Lehigh
success in the treatment of that disease soon  county, and soon had a good practice. In
spread for miles over the surrounding country, 1824, however, he moved to  Hamburg,
and that in connection with his success in his near the line of the Schuylkill canal, then
otherwise extensive practice, made homioe- being excavated, where he soon had quite a
opathy popular in almost every household in  large practice, in consequence of numerous
Clayton and the adjoining counties. As a accidents among the laborers, and on account
pioneer of homceopathy he had many severe  of the agues and remittent fevers which apbut victorious contests with the old school peared along its course.  In the year followphysicians of that country.               ing, a severe epidemic of dysentery occurred
The hardships of such a widespread coun- in that neighborhood, which proved unusually
try practice proving too severe for his health, fatal, but, differing widely in opinion from
he gave it up and located in St. Paul, Minn.  the allopathic writers of that day, Dr. Becker
He there entered into partnership with Dr. varied as greatly in his treatment of the
C. D. Williams, the well known veteran and  disease; and while those who adhered closely
early pioneer of homceopathy, and has since  to the old school teaching, lost their patients
been engaged in a large and successful prac- by the score, Dr. Becker's success was so
tice. He is a member of the Minnesota  general, and the improvement of his patients
State Homceopathic Institute, and was one  so rapid, that he acquired a most enviable
of the founders of the Ramsey County Ho- reputation for his skill, and a corresponding
mceopathic Medical Society.  Many articles amount of practice.  In I833, the Board of
from the pen of this eminent physician, of a  Directors of the Schuylkill County Poor
medical and hygienic character, have ap- House appointed  him  steward, physician,
peared in the leading German journals of this and clerk.  In July, I835, he moved to
country.                                   Orwigsburg, where, in consequence of some
He is without doubt justly popular.      remarkable cures which came to his notice,
he became interested in the study of homceopathy, and he finally adopted it as his
ECKER, BENJAMIN, M. D., of  system of practice, and in consequence had
Pottsville, Pa., was born in Sum- to pass through the usual ordeal of ridicule,
neytown, Montgomery  county, sarcasm, and proscription, at the hands of his
Pa., March 22nd, I796. He is former colleagues; he, however, manfully
of German descent, and the son of Dr. J. J. fought his own battles, and found his practice
Becker, who came to this country in I775, constantly increasing; in fact, in consequence



304                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPZEDIA  OF
of the numerous calls he received from  entered the medical department of Columbia
Lebanon and vicinity, he soon found it ad- College, the College of Physicians and Survisable to move thither; and the result was, geons in New York City, where he remained
that he soon had a very extensive practice in  two years; when, feeling that he could no
all the adjoining towns, and thus introduced  longer identify himself with allopathy, he
homceopathy in Lebanon, Harrisburg, Dau- entered the New York Homceopathic Mediphin, Lancaster, York, Cumberland, Perry, cal College, where he remained two years
Snyder, Juniata, Northumberland, and Lu- longer, and graduated with honor in the
zerne counties.  In I839, he removed his spring of I865. He then at once commenced
family to Orwigsburg, surrendered his prac- practice, devoting much time to hospital and
tice to his associate, and during the next dispensary  practice  in  New  York  city.
seven years, travelled in the west, and, in  Eventually, however, he established himself
five successive journeys, he practised homoe- at Mt. Vernon, where he has since remained,
opathy in Ohio, Kentucky, Missouri, Iowa, acquiring a practice which is constantly inNebraska, California, Colorado, and Utah; creasing, and where he is also acquiring an
everywhere with credit to himself, and with  extensive reputation as a surgeon and obstethonor to the cause. In I866, he received  rician, which latter branch of practice he
his well merited degree, from  the Homce- makes a specialty, and in which he has been
opathic Medical College of Pennsylvania. remarkably successful.  He was one of the
Dr. Becker is one of the oldest homceopathic founders of the Hahnemannian Society conpractitioners in the country, having had  nected with the New York Homceopathic
thirty-three years' experience as a homoe- Medical College, and was made its first
opath; and it is his intention to give to the  president; and aided in its deliberations by
public the benefit of its fruits; he will prob- contributing original essays, and by taking an
ably contribute some new remedies to our active part in its discussions.
Materia Medica, and much valuable general   He has held the position of medical exinformation.                               aminer for several homoeopathic life insurance companies, to whom his skilful services
have been invaluable.  He is a member of
URNETT, BENAJAH J., Jr., of  the American Institute of Homceopathy, of
Mount Vernon, West Chester the West Chester County  Homoeopathic
county, N. Y., was born in the  Medical Society, and of several scientific
city of New  York,  July 2 Ist, bodies.
I843. His grandparents were early settlers   In the year I868, Dr. Burnett married
in New Jersey, and were active participants  Miss Louisa G., daughter of the late James
in the struggle for American Independence. C. Watts (a gentleman of sterling worth, and
His father, Benajah J. Burnett (a gentleman  refinement, who was for many years a promiof rare abilities, widely known, and univer- nent citizen of Brooklyn), by whom he has a
sally esteemed), has acquired an extensive  son and a daughter.
reputation as a practical mechanic, and is the    Dr. Burnett, conscious that no higher
patentee of several valuable inventions.   honors are attainable than those which are
Dr. Burnett received an excellent classical due the skilful, faithful, and benevolent
education, and, at a very early age, becoming  physician, is content to expend all his time,
desirous of studying medicine as a profession, talent, and energies in the fulfilment of the
he received every encouragement from his  duties of his profession, outside of which, he
father, and from  the excellent Dr. S. B. declines all office, political or otherwise.  He
Barlow, their family physician. Accordingly, is one of the warmest adherents of homceafter leaving school (at the age of seventeen)  opathy, and is ever active in promoting its
he began to read medicine, and a year later, best interests.  He has been a frequent con.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             305
tributor to the various medical journals, and    In I836, young Barrows entered Amherst
has written several popular essays on the  College, graduated in I840, and received the
subject of homceopathy.  Though  still a  degree of A. M. in I843. Close application
young man, being now but thirty years of  to study, during the first two years of college
age, he has, by his thorough professional life, brought on dyspepsia, which was cured
habits, his careful attention to all professional by farming, hunting and travelling three
duties, his earnest effort to possess himself  years in Illinois, when he returned again to
of all knowledge valuable in his practice, Massachusetts, and studied medicine three
and his constant endeavor to enhance the years with Drs. Manchester and Barrows.
public appreciation of the merits of his chosen  During this time he attended one course of
system, created for himself a high position in  lectures and dissections at Woodstock, Vt.;
the estimation of a large community, and  also two courses at Pittsfield, Mass.; receivcaused himself to be regarded as a most valua- ing in I847 a diploma from  the Pittsfield
Dle member of the homceopathic fraternity.   Medical College.
During the reading termn there he introduced the subject of hommopathy by writing
and reading before the class a thesis on the
ARROWS, GEORGE, of Taunton, question, "What is Honmceopathy?"  He
Mass., was born the 12th of May, was ever afterward considered the champion
8 ISI5, in the town of Attleborough, and defender of the cause at the college.
Mass. His father, Ezrah Bar- The editor (C. Montague) of the Pittsfieled
rows, was a farmer of good standing and  Eagle, Governor Briggs, and others, became
unquestionable integrity.  His mother was converts to the practice, as well as several of
Ihe daughter of Benjamin Peck, of Fulton, Dr. Barrows' fellow students.  One of these
Mass.                                      -Dr. Samuel W. Graves —became, in I847,
At the age of two years George had the  the partner of Dr. Barrows in Taunton, where
misfortune to lose his father. Two years the latter had first opened an office for the
after this event his mother married Captain  practice of medicine in March, I846.
Jacob Ide, of revolutionary fame, and George    After practising medicine six years, Dr.
accompanied his mother to her new home, Barrows attended a course of lectures at the
where he remained, attending school as op- Homceopathic Medical College in Philadelportunity offered, and working on the farm  phia, and received a diploma from that instiuntil after the death of his mother. At the  tution. During this absence the charge of
age of seventeen a severe cold and threat- his practice was confided to Charles W.
ened decline induced him  to abandon the  Harris, M. D., of Wareham, who remained
farm for a situation in a grocery store, where  three  years  a successful practitioner in
he reamained a year, and then for two years  Taunton.  Since that time Dr. Barrows has
attended an academy in Pawtucket, Mass.   introduced to successful practice in the same
After this he spent five months at the  place three good homceopathic physicians,
Manual Labor School at Oberlin, O., where, where, twenty-seven years ago, he stood alone
in addition to other studies, he gave particu- as pioneer.  He married, in 1848, Miss Jane
lar attention to the Hebrew language, trans- E. Wells, of Berkshire county, Mass. They
lating five books of the Old Testament.    have one son.
Realizing the importance of a due develop-    The kindness and sympathy of Dr. Barment of muscle, as well as mind, George, rows in his arduous profession, and his high
assisted by his room-mate, cut down and pre- moral standard in evely respect, endear him
pared for the saw-mill most of the large  to the community which has for so long a
timber of which two of the first large college  period of time experienced his care and
buildings were constructed.               skill.
20



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           307
the remedial action of each drug, so much so, he was ordained.  Shortly after, he married
as that specific laws govern particles of matter Mary, daughter of John Runk, of Kingsland,
in the universe.  He immediately set about London. After the death of his father, he
the study of homceopathy in the office of Dr. emigrated, in May, I858, to Canada, and for
Matthews, of Rochester, Monroe county, N. nearly seven years endured the hardships of a
Y. He afterwards was associated with C. M. Congregational missionary's  life.  During
Dake, M. D., Genesee, N. Y. The disease  much of this time, impelled by the necessities
of Dr. Knapp's father called him to Gasport, of some of his parishioners, and convinced
and, finding his presence necessary to his that some of the sick given up to die by the
family, he established himself at once in the  old school practitioners, might be saved by the
practice of the new  school.  This was in  exhibition of very simple homceopathic reme1846, since which time he has built up alarge  dies, he became a private adviser. As a reand lucrative practice. Dr. Knapp is an  sult of one case successfully treated, he found
earnest worker in his profession, not alone for himself with quite a considerable but wholly
the remuneration it gives, but from love for unremunerative practice. This circumstance,
the cause of right and truth.  He has ever and an always strong interest in medical
been found ready to endure privation and ex- science induced him to contemplate entering
posure, when his services were required by  the profession. Just at this time Professor
the sick.                                  Allen, then living in Brantford, C. W., met
him and induced him to visit Professor T. P.
Wilson, of Cleveland.  From these two gentlemen he received great assistance in preparGOOPER, JOSEPH, M. D., of Bay  ing for and passing through the curriculum
City, Mich., was born in London, required at the Cleveland Homceopathic ColEngland, April 24th, 1825. His lege, from which he graduated with credit, on
father, Joseph Hooper, was for March Ist, I865.
many years principal of the check department   In the same year as his graduation, Dr.
of the Bank of England, and one of the very  Hooper published three tractates, entitled,
first members of the Homceopathic Institute  "Homceopathy: What are its Claims on Pubof London.  His mother was the daughter lic Confidence;" "Popular Fallacies Conof a surgeon and accoucheur in Stepney, a cerning  Homceopathy  Refuted," and  "A
London suburb. Dr. Hooper received his Short Sketch of the Life of Hahnemann."
early instruction in a private school in Dalston, All had extensive circulation, and secured
where he became an usher, or under teacher, him the chair of Medical Jurisprudence in the
at the age of fourteen. He studied the usual Cleveland Homceopathic College. Some time
English branches, and acquired the rudiments after he removed to Bay City, and through the
of Latin and Greek at this establishment.  He  growth of his practice he was compelled to
early joined the Congregational Church, and  resign his professorship.  For two or three
was led to contemplate engaging in ministerial years he has devoted much attention to plans
work. With that view he gained admission  for securing a thorough medical education in
into Howard College at sixteen, and graduated  Michigan for homceopathic students.  He has
after a full term of five years, during four of given, to the neglect of his own interests, two
which he attended daily the classical, mathe- full courses of able lectures on Human Phymathical, and scientific lectures delivered in  siology at the Michigan Homceopathic ColUniversity College, Gower street. After leav- lege, Lansing.
ing college, he served the Irish Evangelical   While Dr. Hooper is widely esteemed as a
Society for a year or two, being stationed at skilful, conscientious and careful practitioner, he
Tralee.  He was then called to the pastorate  is considered also to excel as a public speaker,
of a church in Frome, Somersetshire, where  a writer, and most especially as a teacher.



308                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
RIRY, MILTON STORY, M. D., enthusiastic exponents of the system.  His
of Bath, Me., was born in the  practice is large and constantly increasing,
town of Bowdoin, in that State, and very few medical men in New England
May I7th, 1825.  His grand- are more widely or favorably known than Dr.
father, Thomas Briarhurst, or Brierhurst, was Briry. He is also a man of good executive
born in Lincolnshire, England, and came to  power, and has been entrusted by his fellow
Maine about the time of the revolution, set- townsmen with various offices of honor and
tling at Bowdoin, where he raised a large  responsibility.
family. Joseph, the youngest of his sons,
was the father of the subject of our sketch.
lie appears to have been a man of rather           ACFARLAN,  MALCOLM,  M.
uncommon capacities, having been a famous             D., of Philadelphia, was born
trainer of youth, and a justice of the peace for      June 8th, 1841, in Elderslie, Renmany years. By an Act of the Legislature              frewshire, Scotland.  Originally
he had his name changed from Briarhurst to  the family came from  Loch Sloy, in the
Briry. Young Milton's education was di- Highlands. At the age of five years Malcolm
rected at the ordinary district school until he  accompanied his parents to New York city,
had reached the age of sixteen, when he  where his father established a large silk
attended  the  Litchfield Academy.   The  manufactory, which he conducted for many
youth was, however, compelled to give up  years. His elementary education was achis studies at this time; for his father, dying, quired at home. This was followed by the
left injunctions that Milton should work upon  grammar schools, in which he remained until
the farm for the benefit of his mother and  the year 1856, when he entered the College
sisters.  He did his duty without complaint, of New  York.  Continuing here for three
looking to the future for recompense, which  years, until the completion of his sophomore
finally came and in such amplitude as to  term, he was prevented from pursuing his
make full amends. After he arrived at the studies further by an attack of typhoid fever,
age of twenty-one, the limit prescribed by his which prostrated him for many months. On
father, he again attended Litchfield Academy, regaining his health, young Macfarlan enteaching school during the winter months, tered his father's factory as book-keeper, and
and intending to prepare himself for Bowdoin  remained in this capacity for two years.
College.  By the advice of Dr. Cochran, Becoming dissatisfied with  an  occupation
however, he gave up the idea of a general which was not congenial to his tastes, he
college course, and decided to study medi- commenced the study of medicine, for which
cine. He attended his first lectures in the  he had early shown a predilection.  It was
Medical School of Bowdoin during the winter not without opposition from his father that he
and spring of 1850, and after three full attended the clinics and lectures in New
courses-reading, in the meantime, with Dr. York, in company with the undergraduates
T. G. Stockbridge-he received his diploma  who had been former school companions.
in May, I853. After this he was assistant to  In I862, unknown to his family, he entered
Dr. Haley, at Lubec; visited New York and  the United States service, and acted as hosthe great hospitals of the metropolis; and  pital steward and druggist at the large hosfinally coming to Bath, entered into practice. pital, Camp Curtin, Pa. Here he remained
This, it must be remembered, was all on an  until the hospital was abolished, when he
allopathic basis. Some three years after his was sent to the surgical hospital, Wilmington,
graduation he commenced the study of homrn- Del. Here his duty as dispensing druggist,
oeopathy with Dr. WV. E. Payne, and speedily  aided by the courtesy of his superiors, gave
becoming a convert to the reform doctrines, him  access to all the surgical operations.
grew to be one of the most able as well as His experience in these two hospitals was of



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             309
incalculable benefit, giving him  an insight duty of boarding and inspecting vessels from
into the medical treatment of diseases, and in  infected ports. In August, I866, while atthe surgical treatment of every variety of  tending patients similarly affected on board
injury known to military surgery.  From  the " Clio," fiom  Havana, he was seized
Wilmington he went to Baltimore, where he  with yellow fever, and brought to the very
spent some time visiting the military hospi-  door of death.
tals, and then to New York city, where he    In June, 1867, Dr. Macfarlan quitted the
attended diligently the course of lectures  service, receiving the warmest commendagiven at Bellevue Hospital Medical College. tions from  all the officers under wliloli }Io
In February, I864, he passed, by permission  served.  lHe had become interested ill hollof the Secretary of War, a competitive exam- ceopathy from reading Hahnemann's " Orgaination before a regular army board, for the I non" while at Fort Morgan.  Provillng  of
position of Medical Cadet United  States  potentized drugs convinced him of the truthl
Army.  During  this winter he attended  of its claims. He gave the subject his closest
clinics at the College of Physicians, the  attention, and determined to adopt the praclarge hospitals and Ward's Island.  From  tice of the new system.  Going to PhiladelNew York he was ordered for duty to Lovell phia, he was there appointed Professor of
General Hospital, Portsmouth, R. I., where, Surgery in the Homceopathic Medical College,
as an assistant, he was present at every im- September 20oth, I867, on recommendation
portant surgical operation performed during  of the faculty.  He immediately set himself
his eight months of service. At his own. energetically to work to establish a surgical
request, and that he might obtain his degree, and operative clinic, the first of any account
Dr. Macfarlan was transferred  to Knight in a hocmmeopathic college. This he accomGeneral Hospital, New Haven, Conn. Dur-  plished by using every laudable means. His
ing his brief stay here he made the favorable  public free clinics have been kept up twice a
acquaintance, and witnessed the public and  week throughout the year, thereby augmlentsome of the private practice of prominent ing the usefulness and influence of the colattending surgeons.                       lege with the community. Thus the homomoHaving matriculated and attended lectures, pathic profession is rendered independent of
he received the degree of M. D. fisom the  allopathic surgeons, and homoeopathic surMedical Department of Yale College.  His gery is placed in a proper light before the
examination was conducted by the faculty  world.  On the union of the Homceopathic
and Delegates of the State Society, who  Medical College and the Hahnemann Mediawarded to him the " Hooker Testimonial"  cal College, in  I869, he was appointed
-a case of surgical instruments for scholar- Professor of Clinical Surgery in the new inship and best examination. Having success- stitution.
fully passed an examination for Acting As-    During the past five years Dr. Macfarlan
sistant Surgeon, before the Board in New  has published reports of about four hundred
York city, of which surgeon H. B. Wertz, surgical operations performed at the college
United States Army, was President, he was and in private practice. Among these may
sent to New Orleans, La., thence to Bar- be mentioned ovariotomy eight times; operarancas, Fla., and assigned to duty with part tion for extraction of cataract twenty-seven
of Steel's command.  He was present at all times; hermeotomy twenty-five times. The
the important engagements and many minor operations for artificial arms, cleft palate,
attacks in this State.  Subsequently he was rhenoplasty, removal of half of inferior maxordered to Fort Morgan, commanding the  illary, etc., etc., are too numerous to mention.
entrance to Mobile Bay, as sole quarantine    Dr. Macfarlan has demonstrated that in
officer, serving for three seasons and receiving  the major operations, dynamized medicines,
extra pay. Here he performed the hazardous  by controlling erysipelas, fever and other se



310                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
quences in surgery, lessens the mortality and  finally established himself in St. Martin's,
makes recovery possible in otherwise fatal where he has introduced the new method of
cases.                                     treatment successfully.  Dr. Gunter is a
As a lecturer he is popular, brief, practical member of the American Institute of Homceoand to the point; given to action rather than  pathy and the Massachusetts Medical Society.
to words. In practice he uses the single and
dynamized medicines.  Dr. Macfarlan was
the first to conduct regular provings of high
potencies by his plan of giving them  fie-          ORDON, FRANK  WILLARD,
quently in water until they produced ulnmis-          M. D., of Sterling, Ills., was born
takable and violent effects.                         in Weld, Me., February IIth,
In I869, Dr. Macfarlan was married to               1837, and is of Scotch descent.
Miss Hannah Dick, daughter of John Dick, He was married June I5th, I869, to Miss
the well-known florist.  He has one child-  Florence V. Allen, of Detroit, Mich. His
an interesting daughter.                   father being a farmer in moderate circumstances, he received a limited education such
as the country schools at that'time afforded.
By improving his leisure hours, aided by
UNTER, GEORGE  WV., M. D., such books as he could command, he was
of St. Martins, New Brunswick, able at the age of eighteen to pass the rewas born  at Springfield, New  quisite examination, and for two years taught
Brunswick, on the 22d of May, a country school in Maine.  Leaving home
I844.  His father, Abraham Gunter, was one  at that time, he entered the State Insane
of the earliest inhabitants of that province. Asylum  at Taunton, Mass.; as attendant
After completing his preliminary education, under Superintendent Choate (cousin of the
he entered the college at Fredericton, where  late Rufus Choate), of Boston. The most
he graduated with credit.  Desirous of adopt- ample opportunities were there afforded him
ing medicine as a profession, he entered the  for studying insanity in all its varied forms.
office of Dr. James Christie, of St. John's, After remaining there seven months, a desire
in which he remained two years, repairing  to see the great West induced him to visit
thence to New York to attend lectures at the  that region, and August, 1857, found him in
Bellevue Hospital College; but after matri- Morris, Ills. In the winter following he
culating, he became practically convinced of  again taught school, and in the spring of
the merits of homceopathy from its successful I858, having fully decided to pursue the study
application to himself during a severe illness. of medicine, he entered the office of Antis &
He therefore removed to the New  York  Pierce, homceopathic physicians in Morris.
Homceopathic Medical College, where he  Remaining with them  until the opening of
attended  lectures during the session  of  the Hahnemann Medical College in Chicago,
I865-'66. On the termination of this session, he was one of the first students to report for
he attended the summer course of the St. attendance upon lectures at that institution,
Louis Homeopathic College, also entering  his preceptor being Professor A. E. Small.
the office of Professor Franklin as student At the close of the course of lectures, he
and assistant.  He now returned to New  yielded to the wishes of friends there and
York to complete his studies, and graduated  commenced the practice of medicine in Tonin the Homceopathic College in I867, with  ica, Ills. In I862, he enlisted as a private in
fair prospect of success.                 the 88th Illinois Infantry, one of the famous
He first commenced practice at Natick, "Board of Trade" regiments of Chicago.
_IMass., but failing health compelled him to  He was severely wounded at the battle of
return to his native place.  In 1872, he  Perryville, Ky., October 8th, I862, spending



HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             3TI
eight months in hospital; and again at Chica-    He was intended by his father for the
mauga, September 20th, 1863. In March, legal profession, and to that end studied for
I864, he was detailed by General Sheridan  two years with his brother Charles in New
to report to his headquarters to act as drug- York, but discovering no taste for law, abangist. Soon after, having passed successfully  doned it to fit himself for the practice of
his examination before the Regular Army  medicine, for which he had early in life
Board of Surgeons, he was appointed Acting  manifested a preference.
Assistant Surgeon United States Army, and    He graduated with high honor at the
ordered to duty at General Field Hospital, University Medical College of New York.
Department of the Cumberland, in which  receiving an autograph certificate from the
department he remained until the close of late Professor Valentine Mott, for passing a
the war, when he was honorably discharged. superior examination in surgery.  He was
Returning to  Chicago, he again  entered  married in 1864 to Miss Jennie M. Weston,
Hahnemann  Medical  College,  class  of  a direct descendant of Major-General Lincoln
1865-'66, graduated, and immediately comn- of revolutionary fame, and in 1865 commenced practice in Sterling, Ills.         menced the practice of medicine in MaraAn honest man, a conscientious and faith- thon, N. Y.  Having  become impressed
ful physician, he has gained hosts of friends, favorably with the system of homceopathy, he
and by his earnest efforts in behalf of hom- at once commenced to test it practically, and
ceopathy, has done much to further its ad- becoming convinced of its superior merits,
vancement in Sterling.                     finally adopted it altogether.
In I869, he removed to his present home
in Grand Rapids, Mich., and becoming at
once interested in the legal rights of the
UNT, DE FOREST, M. D., of  homceopathists to at least one chair in the
Grand Rapids, Mich., was born  State University, entered warmly into the
in Maine, Broome county, N. Y., subject, taking strong grounds for the apAugust I5th, 1842. He comes pointment of a full faculty, to be located
of a line of distinguished medical men.  His  either within or as a branch of that noble ingreat-grandfather, Dr. Japhet Hunt, was a stitution.  Towarcl  effecting this object he
surgeon in both the Canadian French and the  accepted the chair of Diseases of Women and
American revolutionary armies, and died in  Children, in the Michigan State College, enI808, at the advanced age of ninety-seven  tering upon his duties as a lecturer during its
years. His father, Dr. Samuel M. Hunt, of  first session.  He has an extensive medical
Marathon, N. Y., was long and favorably  and surgical practice, superior qualities of
known in western New York as an allopathic  head and heart, and a large circle of warm
physician, writer and politician.  Several of  personal friends; and being a thorough homthe sons have attained to high positions, no  ceopathist according to the teachings of
pains having been spared in their education; Hahnemann, has no sympathy with anything
Dr. J. Warren Hunt, of Wisconsin, and  like mongrelism  or compromise with these
Hon. Charles H. Hunt, of New York city, well-defined principles of the healing art.
author of the " Life of Edward Livingstone "
(both now dead), having been well known in
literary and political circles.  De Forest         ARSTON, MORTIMER  D., M.
Hunt was the youngest of the family. He              D., of Clinton, Iowa., was born
received his early education in the academies        in the town of China, N. Y., on
of Maine, Binghamton and  Homer, and                  April 7th, I830, of English paafterward received instruction in the Uni- rents.  He obtained a sotund and thorough
versity of Wisconsin.                      commercial education at Niles, Mich., and



312                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
afterwards attended the medical school in  2Ist of March, I868. He was much beloved
Keokuk, Iowa.                              by his fellow citizens and friends, his memFrom his early childhood, lie evinced an  ory being held in general esteem, and the
earnest desire to become a physician, for day of his death was one of mourning for the
which profession he seemed to have a natural whole population of Clinton.
vocation. His wishes, however, were overruled by the advice of his friends, who persuaded him to adopt a commercial life, his
studies being accordingly directed to qualify   M OORE, THOMAS, M. D., of Ger.
him for such a career.                               mnantown, Pa., was born in the
He commenced business in Boston, but,              city of Philadelphia, July 2d, 1827.
not being satisfied, he remained there for one        His  father, Robert  Moulder
year only, when he removed to New York, Moore, a merchant of that city, married
where he resided five years. The natural Mary  Harding, the daughter of George
bent of his inclinations, however, could not Harding.  His great grandfather, Thomas
be smothered, and he eagerly devoted every  Moore, was an officer of the United States
moment of his spare time to the interesting  Navy, commanding one of the thirteen galstudy'of medicine, not merely by books, but leys in the revolutionary war.  His grandby practical experience in the numerous hos- fater, Thomas Moore, who married Mary
pitals of the metropolis.  His health, how- Lawrence, a descendant of Richard Law
ever, suffering from this severe and double  rence, of London, England, was a corn
strain upon the mind, he was recommended  mander of one of the revenue cutters under
to go to the West, and went to Iowa, where  the United States Government.
he continued his medical studies, under the    He received his early education at the
tuition of Dr. Waggoner, of De Witt, in that academical department of the University of
State. In I865, he went to Keokuk, where  Pennsylvania, and at the Philadelphia High
he attended a course of lectures and studies, School. At the age of sixteen years, leaving
at the allopathic college in that city. In the  the latter institution with the determination
spring of the same year, he fixed his resi- to study medicine, he entered the extensive
dence at Clinton, where he opened an office  drug and chemical warehouse of Alexander
and commenced the practice'of homceopa- Fullerton, on Market street, Philadelphia,
thy. During his residence at Keokuk, he  where he acquired a practical knowledge of
became acquainted with Miss Amelia Hol- Materia Medica, and a thorough acquaintbrook, of that city, whom he subsequently  ance with the sensible properties of drugs.
married in I866.                           Afterwards, for the purpose of obtaining a
Dr. Marston was the first homoeopathic  more thorough knowledge of practical pharphysician established in Clinton, the pioneer macy, he became a student of the late Proof the cause in that district, and, as usual, fessor Edward  Parrish, at the corner of
had to encounter the customary opposition  Ninth and Chestnut streets. While under
from the professors of the old school, who, his direction, he compounded the prescripas well as their patients, were strongly preju- tions at the clinic of the medical department
diced against the innovating theories of the  of the University of Pennsylvania, attending,
new system. But'by perseverance and the  at the same time, a full course of lectures at
succesful treatment of such cases as were  the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy.  In
confided to him, he was able to overcome  1845, he matriculated in the medical departthe erroneous ideas prevalent in Clinton, and  ment of the University of Pennsylvania, and
succeeded in establishing a large and valu- was graduated therefrom on April 8th, I848.
able practice, which he enjoyed till death  While attending this course of lectures, he
unfortunately terminated his career on the  was also a regular attendant of the medical



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             3I3
and surgical clinics at the Pennsylvania Hos- Germantown, and was consequently obliged
pital, and, walking the various wards, re- to sever his connection with the college. In
ceived practical instruction almost daily at I868, he received an honorary diploma from
the bedsides of the patients from the distin- the trustees and faculty of the Homceopaguished professors of the institution.  In  thic Medical College of Pennsylvania.  He
addition to the regular course of lectures on  has an extensive practice in and around Geranatomy at the University of Pennsylvania, mantown, among the most intelligent and
by the late Professor William E. Horner, he  influential families.
received private instruction in practical
anatomy at the Philadelphia School of Anatomy. Here he profited by the opportunity
afforded him  of daily dissection under the         EATON, JAMES  GUTHERIE,
demonstrations of Dr. James McClintock,               M. D., of Alliance, Stark county,
who was considered at that time the best              O., was born at Millsboro, Washteacher of practical anatomy in the United           ington county, Pa., February 5th,
States. After taking his degree of M. D., he  I838. He is the son of Weaver Heaton and
was, for several years, a visiting physician of  Rebecca Sharp Heaton. In I852, he moved
the Northern Dispensary of Philadelphia, with his parents to Greenfield, Washington
and one of the out-door physicians of the  county, Pa., then being fourteen years of
Guardians of the Poor of the city. He prac- age. Here he attended at intervals the Calitised the allopathic system of medicine for fornia Academy, until he was twenty-one.
several years. In I852, he married Miss In I86o, he entered Mount Union College,
Madeline V., daughter of Lewis Taws, Esq., Mount Union, O. Depending upon his own
who was the leading mechanical engineer, labor for the means to defray his expenses,
and a member of the firm of I. P. Morris &  and having in view the medical profession
Co., of Philadelphia.                      as his future career, he took such a course as
Through the influence of Dr. Constantine  would enable him to accomplish his wishes.
Hering, who successfully treated his wife in  Notwithstanding  all his  efforts, he was
a dangerous illness before her marriage, he  obliged to leave college before the complewas led to investigate the claims of homceo- tion of his junior years. In the winter of
pathy, and after some length of time, by ex- I856-'57, he commenced the study of mediperiment and careful observation, he became  cine, but not respecting his preceptor, he
convinced of the truth of the doctrines of  continued with him but four months. In the
Hahnemann.   Soon after his conversion  fall of I862, Dr. E. G. Painter, of Alliance,
homceopathy was introduced into the North- 0., induced him to read homceopathy. He
ern Home for Friendless Children, and he  attended lectures at the Cleveland Honmceowas appointed surgeon to that institution, pathic Medical College in I864-'65, where
having constantly under his care from I50 to  he received his diploma, in I869, and en200 children. In I857, he was elected pro- tered, the following spring, into the practice
fessor of anatomy in the Homceopathic Med- of his profession  in  Fairchance, Fayette
ical College of Pennsylvania, which chair he  county, Pa. In July of the same year, he
filled for two years, to the entire satisfaction  moved to Alliance to take the practice of his
of the profession and the students of that preceptor, who had become insane.  Dr.
college. In I859, he resigned this chair, Heaton has always sustained a good pracand was immediately appointed Professor of tice, and enjoys the esteem  of those who
Obstetrics, and Diseases of Women and Chil- know him.  He has served two years as
dren in the same institution.  He became a physician of the Board of Health in Alliance,
nmember of the American Institute of IIome- and is a member of the American Institute
opathy in I86o. In that year, he removed to  of Homceopathy and of the Medical Society



314                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
of Ohio, also of the Homceopathic Medical and neighbors.  By his earnest efforts and
Society, Seventeenth Congressional District.  untiring zeal, in connection with his successDr. Heaton was married to Miss Marga- ful treatment of disease, he has won many
retta Williams, December I4th, I865.       friends to the cause of homceopathy.
His present prosperity is a fitting reward    Dr. Johnson is a member of the New Jerfor the perseverance with which he pursued  sey Homceopathic State Medical Society,
his studies amid difficulties that would have  and at its last annual meeting was elected as
disheartened a less brave and determined  one of its censors.
spirit.
OHNSON, J. PRICE, M. D., of  I[            ELLOGG, EDWIN  MERRILL,
IHightstown, N. J., was born in  iM. D., of Nev York city, wras
Chester county, Pa., on January            born September 20th, 1826, in
25th, I840. The early part of  ~Reading, Pa.  His parents rehis life was spent at home on his father's  moved to New York city in I834. He was
farm. He was educated at Greenwood, Del., educated at Columbia College, New York,
on the Brandywine, near West Chester, Pa., from which he was graduated in I846. Imat a Quaker institution, kept by Jonathan  mediately after the completion of his studies,
Gause.  Making choice of the profession of he Nwent as private tutor to Valparaiso, where
medicine, he commenced study therefor in  he remained three years. On his return to
I862, but, owing to the unsettled condition  New York, he attended medical lectures at
of the country at that time, he relinquished  the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and
it in the following year, and entered the  at the New York Medical College, graduatarmy as a private soldier. On receiving his ing from  the latter in I852.  Soon after
discharge, he resumed his studies in the  his graduation, he studied the homceopathic
spring of I864 in the office of his uncle, Dr. system  of medicine with Dr. Bayard, and,
I. D. Johnson, of Kennett Square, Pa. He  having acquired a very thorough knowledge
attended his first course of lectures in the  of it, commenced practice immediately, and
session of I864-'65 at the Homceopathic Med- was soon fully occupied.  In I866, he was
ical College of Pennsylvania.  Finding that elected Treasurer of the American Institute
he could graduate by attending a spring  of Homceopathy; in I867, was made procourse at the Pennsylvania Medical Univer- fessor of the diseases of women, in the New
sity, he did so, with a view to entering the  York liomceopathic Medical College, and in
army as assistant surgeon. The war, how-  I869, he was appointed to the same position
ever, closed about the time he graduated; in the New  York  Medical College for
he, therefore, abandoned all idea of joining  Women.  In consequence of his becoming
the army, and again entered the Homceopa- identified with  the Homceopatbic Mutual
thic Medical College of Pennsylvania, from  Life Insurance Company, of which he has
which he graduated in I867.                been Vice-President and Medical Director
On receiving his diploma, he commenced  since August, I87I, and being unable to depractice in Lancaster county, Pa., where he  vote his time to both the Life Insurance
remained for some time.  Then he removed  Company and the college, he was elected
to Philadelphia.  In the beginning of 1870, Emeritus professor of the latter. Dr. Kelhe changed his residence to Hightstown. logg has paid special attention to the statisAfter over three years' labor, he finds him- tics of the homceopathic practice, having
self in the enjoyment of an extensive and  drawn up, in 1858, the "minority report"
remunerative patronage, possessing the full on the introduction of the homceopathic pracconfidence and high esteem of both patients  tice in the Bellevue Hospital, New York,



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           315
and has continued his labors in that direc- his knowledge into practice, and for twenty
tion to the present time. He is now engaged  years of residence in Brooklyn, he has susin preparing a work on the subject. It will tained a high position, enjoying an extensive
afford a very valuable exhibit of the cornm- and lucrative practice, and regarded as one of
parative mortality and the medical treatment the best diagnosticians in the new school.
thereon, whether allopathic or homceopathic. In I869, he was appointed Professor of TheDr. Kellogg now practises but little, devot- ory and Practice in the New York HIomceoing his time principally to the demonstration  pathic Medical College, where he well susof the fact that homceopathists are the best tained his reputation for learning.  He is a
lives to insure. It is due to him to say that gentleman of fine culture, great scientific
it is owing mainly to his efforts that the  attainments, and large practical acquirements
Homceopathic Mutual Insurance Company  of knowledge of his profession.
has proved so eminently successful, and that
the homceopathic system has been, through
it, largely benefited.  He was one of the
principal organizers of the County Society.  ]      AKE, CHARLES  A., M. D., of
Dr. Kellogg was married twice.  His                Warsaw, N. Y., was born  in
first wife (married in I867) was a daughter           Saratoga  county, N.  Y., on
of Augustus F. Chur, Esq. She died shortly            March 8th, I8I9.  His father,
after their marriage.  His second wife (mar- William Dake, a farmer, moved into western
ried in I869) was Miss Frances Bowen, niece  New York, and located on a wilderness farm
of Professor Bowen, of Harvard College.    in Livingston county, when the subject of
this sketch was three years old. He received
his education in a common school, and in
the chimney corner of a farmer's house, with
ARD, JAMES H., M. D., of  the exception of several terms passed at the
Brooklyn, New York, was born  Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, N. Y.
on the 28th day of December, His early manhood was spent in teaching in
I824, in Hanover, Morris county, the district school, and in farming, but
New  Jersey.  He is descended from  old  neither occupations was to his taste.  He
Puritan stock, his ancestors having landed at conceived a preference for the medical proSalem, Mass., in I657.  After leaving the  fession, and commenced to study with a
ordinary village schools, he went to the city  view to its adoption under the superintendof New York and studied Latin and Greek  ence of D. M. Dake, M. D., of Nunda, N.
with Professor J. I. Owen, formerly of the  Y., a practitioner of the old school. After
New York College.  Having completed this three years of private study, he attended
course, he entered the class of Dr. P. A. lectures in the Medical School at Buffalo, N.
Aylette, and graduated from  the medical Y. He was married on May 3Ist, 1840;
department of the New York University in  began to practise in the State of Illinois.
the class of 1849-'50. Being then anxious  In  September, I846, returned to western
to give a thorough finish to his medical edlu- New York, and located in Wyoming county.
cation, and of obtaining a more thorough  After three. years' practice  in  Wyoming
scientific knowledge of some specialties than  county, Dr. Dake attended a full course of
could be afforded him  in New York, he  lectures in the Allopathic College in Buffalo,
went to Berlin, and placed himself under N. Y., returning to Warsaw, N. Y., in the
the direction of Professor Virchow, and be- spring of I850. After a few years' practice
came a proficient in the use of the micro- of allopathy, his attention was attiacted to
scope and in the study of the finer tissues of  the success attained by homceopathic physithe human body. Returning home, he put cians, and he was so impressed by his pre



316                  1BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
liminary investigations that he determined  1842, he came to America, and, locating at
upon adopting homceopathy. Accordingly he  Brady's Bend, Pa., became identified with the
attended a full course of lectures at the Ho- iron works of that place, in which he held a
mceopathic College at Cleveland, O., and was lucrative position. Encountering many represent in that institution when it was attacked  verses, his experience taught him the lesson
by a mob and nearly destroyed.  He gra- of self-reliance; and, working earnestly to
duated from that college, in 1852, and at once secure a confortable independence, he met all
returned to WVarsaw, Wyoming county, where the changes in his condition with a manly dehe re-entered his former field of labor, but termination to succeed. In the midst of his
this time as a homceopath. Immediately on  career, he was attacked severely with ague
the appearance of his sign announcing that and fever, for which he was treated by an
he had commenced practice as a homoeopa- allopathic physician. The usual remedythic physician and surgeon, the contest be- blue mass-proved of no benefit, but left his
tween ignorance and prejudice on the one  constitution in a seriously affected state. Dr.
hand, and true science in medicine on the  S. Simkins (now dead), of Statelia, Armother began. But the truth prevailed, and  strong county, then attended him, and soon
Dr. Dake soon found himself in the enjoy- gave him some relief, but was unable wholly
ment of a lucrative practice. Four years' to remove the effects of the calomel. Learnhard labor so impaired his health, that leaving  ing what the remedies were, he was induced
his practice in the charge of a friend who had  to treat the cases of others similarly afflicted,
been his partner, he spent the winter in Phila- and was successful, gaining fame for his skill
delphia, attending the Homceopathic College, and success. But meeting with the opposition
and graduating with the class in the spring. of the allopathic physicians, by whom he was
Then recruited in body and refreshed in mind, persecuted, he determined to commence a rehe resumed his labors in Wyoming county, gular course of studies.  Placing himself
N. Y., increasing his circle of duties with  under the guidance of Dr. Dake-then of
every year. In the second year of the war Pittsburgh-l-e entered the Pennsylvania Hohe was appointed Examining Surgeon to the  mceopathic College in  Philadelphia, from
Pension Department, and continued to hold  which he was graduated, in I866. At the
the position down to the close of his career request of a physician in Allegheny City, he
at Warsaw, on November 2ISt, I867. At purchased his practice, and soon entered upon
that time enfeebled in health, he retired from  an extensive and successful career, to which
professional life, carrying with him the grati- he gave his utmost abilities, with self-sacrifictude and esteem of a large circle of patients  ing devotion. His life was given to the cause.
and friends. He now resides in the vicinity  Obliged to suspend his active labors, he rested
of Rochester, N. Y. His present occupation  for some months amid the hills of his first
is reading, making visits now and then to the  American home. During the following sumsick in a few select families, attending to his mer he seemed to regain his strength, but as
vineyard at his own liking, and overseeing  the winter approached, he became confined to
the labor, etc., on his fruit farm.        his couch, and was then advised to try the
effects of a change of climate.  IHe arrived at
Key West, on December 27th, and ten days
after died.
ARNABY, JOHN  EASOM, of    He was married to Miss Rebecca Wood,
East Brady, Pa., was born in  of England, now of Clarion county, Pa., who
Shropshire, England, May 2oth, proved a devoted wife, and a scientific and
I821. His parents were farmers faithful nurse.
in good circumstances, and gave him a liberal   The Medical Board of the Homoeopathic
education, on the completion of which, in  Hospital in Pittsburgh records his loss in these



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               317
words: "We have lost by death an esteemed  perhaps more than any other member to raise
colleague and co-worker, Dr. J. E. Barnaby, the standard of that institution to its present
who was a faithful and efficient member of  enviable pitch, rendering it justly celebrated
our medical staff.  We cheerfully testify to  for its purely homceopathic principles. About
the earnest, patient, and self-sacrificing devo- the year I866, he was instrumental in estabtion he ever exhibited for the institution he  lishing the Connecticut and Passuinpsic Valley
served so well. We sincerely and deeply feel Homceopathic Medical Society.  This society
his loss."  He died in the forty-eighth year is of a peripatetic character, holding semiof his age.                                 annual meetings, in January and June.  He
is also a member of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society.
Dr. Hunter is an indefatigable student, arUNTER, HORATIO  MILTON, dent in his search after truth, and his moral
M. D., of Lowell, Mass., was born  character is such that he is ever welcome in
in Lyndon, Caledonia county,Vt., the bosom of families, who never hesitate to
September 29th, I830.            intrust to his care the most delicate and imHis grandfather served with honor in the  portant events in life.
war of the Revolution, and his father, James
Hunter, and his mother, Phcebe Miner, were
valued and respected members of the community.                                              AKE, WILLIAM  CHURCH, M.
His education was received at the Academy  t  Me    D., of Nashville, Tenn., was born
at Lyndon, and at Vermont Conference Se-               in Pittsburg, Pa., January 28th,
Binary, at Newbury, Vt., where he qualified             1852.
himself for the duties of a teacher, which avo-    He is the eldest son of Dr. Jabez P. Dake,
cation he afterwards pursued with much suc- and associated with him  in practice.  His
cess.                                       father, and his grandfathers, on both sides of
Desirous of studying medicine, he placed  the house, and his maternal great-grandfather,
himself under the tuition of Dr. C. B. Darl- were physicians.
ing, of Lyndon (hommeopath), afterwards at-    His primary education was received at
tended lectures at Dartmouth College, N. H., Pittsburg, and his classical and scientific at
and Burlington, Vt., and finally graduated at Ypsilanti, Mich., and in the High School at
the Homceopathic Medical College of Phila- Nashville, from  which latter institution he
delphia, in I857.                           graduated in the front rank, in I870.
After graduating, he settled in West Con-    He studied medicine in his father's office,
cord, Vt., where for several years he practised  and attended two courses of lectures in the
his profession successfully.  Whilst in this medical department of the University of Nashtown, he was married to Miss Susan Chase, ville, from which he graduated, in the spring
of Concord.  He subsequently removed to  of I872.
St. Johnsbury, Vt., where his practice in-    He read an essay before the Students' Mecreased, and he occupied a leading position  dical Society of the college, upon the " Higher
among the homceopathic physicians of the  Aims of the Medical Profession," which was
town. Three years ago he removed to Lowell, published in the Caidet, and attracted conhis present residence, where he enjoys an ex- siderable attention on account of its high
tensive, lucrative and increasing practice.  toned and liberal sentiments.
He became a member of the Vermont Ho-    He spent the autumn and part of the winmceopathic Medical Society, during the year ter of I872-'73 in New York, attending lecin which he commenced practice, and, by his  tures and clinics in the Homceopathic College,
earnest zeal in the cause of homceopathy, did  Bellevue Hospital, and the College of Physi



318                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP1EDIA  OF
cians and Sugeons.  He was elected a mem- gage in commercial pursuits, he relinquished
ber of the American Institute of Homceopa- the practice of medicine. After a year spent
thy, in 1872.                              in commercial business, he returned to the
He was married March I3th, I873, to Miss more congenial ocupation of the practice of
Myra A. Wiggin, eldest daughter of Mr. medicine in Kansas City, Mo. He remained
Richard Wiggin, an eminent railroad super- here but a short time, when he removed to
intendent at Pittsburg, Pa.                Peoria, Ills., and formed a partnership with
Several contributions to medical science  D. M. Troyer, and built up an extensive
and practice have been furnished from his practice.
pen in different journals, showing the rich    In 187I, he left that city for Sacramento,
fruits of a well cultured mind and habits of  Cal., toward which State his heart had been
application, that will in coming years render yearning.  In this city he has a large and vatheir possessor an eminent and honored mem- luable practice, including many of the leading
ber of the medical profession.             and wealthy citizens.
NGERSON, H. H., M. D., of Sa-             ORGAN, JOHN COLEMAN, M.
cramento,.Cal., was born in Mor-          D., was born in Philadelphia in
gan, Orleans county, Vt., on Feb-          1831.  He is the son of Jacob N.
ruary Igth, I836. His father was           and Ann W. Morgan; the former
one of the most prominent and thriving far- descended from an ancient Quaker family of
mers in that section of the country.       Maryland, and the latter of Scotch parentage.
He received his education at a Congrega- After a good preliminary education he passed
tional institution at Derby Center, Vt., and  several years in service in drug stores and in
commenced the study of medicine, in I857, the United States Navy, as Surgeon's Stewwith C. B. Darling, of Lyndon, Vt.         ard, during which time he became a proficient
He attended one course of lectures at the in navigation and was offered, but his duties
University of Vermont, in the spring of I859, did not permit him to accept, the position of
and one course at the Homceopathic Medical Navigator in the Liberian Navy. Procuring
College of Pennsylvania, in the winter of books and a set of bones from a battle-field,
I859-'6o, at which college he graduated, in  he set himself steadily to the study of medithe spring of I86o, and commenced the prac- cine. In the autumn of I850, he matrirn'tice of his profession at Fonda, Montgomery  lated in the Medical Department of Penn;iylcounty, N. Y., where he was the first to intro- vania College (allopathic). In the succeeding
duce hommopathy.                           summer he was engaged in the " West PhilHe practised in Fonda until July, I86I, adelphia Drug Store," and again attended
when he entered the military service as Sur- the fall course of lectures, graduating with
geon of the II5th New York Volunteers, a high standing on March 4th, I852.  He at
position which he filled with marked ability  once commenced the practice of medicine,
for nearly two years, when he was compelled  succeeding to a portion of the business of his
by failing health to resign. After regaining  preceptor, Professor William  R. Grant, M.
his health, he resumed the practice of his D., who had just died.
profession at Watertown, Jefferson county,   Dr. Morgan was ever sensible of the needs
N. Y. Shortly after he removed to Cairo, Ills.,'of an improved system of medical education,
being the first homceopathic physician in that and when Dr. Schmcele, Dean of the Penncity. Here he established a large and flou- sylvania Medical University, published his
rishing practice, but, having a desire to en- theory, the former recognized its advantages



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                  3I9
at once.  Soon after this he was invited to            UCK, JIRAH  D., M. D. of Cinthe chair of Materia Medica in that institu-              cinnati, O., was born in Fredonia,
tion, which  he filled till I856.   By this               Chautauqua county, N. Y., Noaffiliation with homceopaths he was ostracised            vember 20th, I839.  He attended
by the Philadelphia Medical Society, and  the common schools until the death of his
from this time he gave his whole attention to  father threw him, at the early age of thirteen,
the study of honceopathy, gradually changing  entirely on his own resources for a living and
his practice and lectures.                    an education.
Dr. Morgan married Miss Sallie Levick,    On the breaking out of the war of the Reof Philadelphia, June I7th, I856, and re-  bellion, in I86i, he enlisted as a private in
moved to Hamilton, Ills.; but as the field  "Merril's Horse," then encamped at Fort
was too limited, settled in St. Louis.  While  Benton; was elected orderly by his comrades;
here, in company with  Dr. Temple  and  in a few days was sent to the hospital, from
others, he took the initiative in the establish-  which, after two months severe illness, he was
rnent of a homceopathic medical college.  In  discharged as unfit for service, and not likely
the spring of I858, Dr. Morgan removed to  to reach home alive.  He went to Battle
Alton, Ills., where he earnestly entered into  Creek, Mich., where he soon regained his
the study of the malarious diseases so rife in  health; engaged in teaching in the latter part
that vicinity.  While engaged in the prac-  of the winter, and, in the spring of 1862, entice of his profession the rebellion broke out.  tered the office of Dr. Smith Rogers, at Battle
He was several times refused  a surgeon's  Creek, with whom  *he assiduously studied
commission on account of his peculiar views, medicine.
bhut finally succeeded in  being  appointed    Graduating at the Cleveland Homoeopathic
Surgeon of the 2gth Regiment Missouri Vol-  College, in the spring of I864, he returned to
unteers, serving throughout the war, and  Battle Creek, to commence practice.  In the
finally holding the position of Surgeon-in-  fall of' that year, he was married to Miss
chief of the division, receiving the most  Clough, of Frederica, N. Y., and, in the folflattering testimonials from all, allopaths in-  lowing February, removed to Sandusky City,
eluded.                                       0.  Two years after, he was tendered a poIn July, I865, Dr. Morgan returned to  sition in his Alma Mater, and for four years
Philadelphia, where he filled the chair of  occupied the chair of Physiology and MicroAnatomy in the Homceopathic Medical Col-  scopy in the Cleveland Homceopathic College.
lege for several years, with credit to himself  Removing to Cincinnati, in I870, he assisted
and the institution.  He was afterwards one  in the organization of the Pulte Medical Colof the founders of the Hahnemann Medical  lege, which was completed by the generous
College of that city, in which he still holds  endowment of Dr. Pulte, and by the purchase
the Professorship of Surgery.  The inception. of a large and commodious edifice, and was
of the  Homceopathic  Hospital is largely  opened for the admission of students in Sepowing to his energy.                          temper, I872.  During the first year of his
Dr. Morgan is a large contributor to the  residence in Cincinnati, he took charge of the
several medical periodicals of his school, and  Cincinnati Homceopathic Dispensary; and is
his articles and essays have been translated  now the Professor of Physiology and Microand re-published  abroad.  He is associate  scopy in the Pulte Medical College, and Reeditor of the Amzericanz  7ozurnzsa of Homano-  gistrar of the Faculty.  He has made firequent
palt/ic MAateria  Meldica, member of the  contributions to current literature.  The diffiCounty and State Medical Societies, and of  culties of.his early life, which were met in a
the American Institute, and corresponding  manly and resolute spirit, served to develop
member of the Homneopathic Medical So-  the best and noblest traits of his character.
ciety of Madrid.                              His success in his maturer years, and his



3o0                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP/EDIA  OF
acknowledged  influence in his profession,    On the completion of his literary educamay be largely attributed to the self-reliance  tion, and on reaching his majority, he took
with which he met his lot.                 leave of his country home and went to Hartford, Conn., studying medicine there for three
years with his uncle, Dr. G. S. Browne.  He
attended lectures in the meantime, first, at
UEBENER, OBADIAH  T., M. the medical department of Harvard College
D., of Litiz, Lancaster county, at Boston, and afterwards at the HomcePa., was born  in  Tuscarawas  opathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, at
county, O., January  7th, I835. Philadelphia, where he graduated in the
His parents were both of German descent, spring of I857. Returning to Hartford, he
his father, the Rev. Samuel R. Huebener, practised one year in partnership with his
and  his mother  Salome  Tshudy.   His  uncle, and then went to Philadelphia for a
literary education was obtained at Nazareth  short time.  Here he was married to Miss
Hall, which institution he reentered, after Julia B. Steele, niece of Henry Howell, late
completing his course of study, as a teacher sheriff of the city.  He then located in Oberin I858.  While here he commenced the lin, O., remaining here in practice four years,
study of homceopathy under the guidance  and then returning to New England, spent
and  advice  of Drs. G. H. Bute  and  one year in Rutland, Vt., and two years in
Joseph Hark.  He afterwards matriculated  Claremont, N. H., locating himself then perat the Homceopathic Medical College of  manently in Oberlin.  Paying but little atPennsylvania, in I867, and completing two  tention to other matters, he has devoted himcourses of lectures, graduated in I869. He  self strictly to his duties as a physician, and
commenced  practice  in  Litiz, Lancaster has devoted much time to the subject of
county, immediately after receiving his de- medical hygiene, trusting much to the power
gree of Doctor of Medicine, and has made no  of nature, aided by good nursing, diet, etc.
change in his residence since, enjoying a    Paying but little attention to politics, he is
large practice, and the confidence of many  an earnest Republican, and has consistently
friends.                                   supported its platform and its candidates.
AYWARD, MILTON PARKER,
M. D., of Oberlin, O., was born          OYT, WILLIAM, M. D., of
on the  i8th  day of February,             Hillsboro, O., was born in Bolton,
I833, in the hill country, in the          Canada  East, September  8th,
township of Acworth, Sullivan county, N.              I839. When the subject of this
H.  He is a member of one of the oldest sketch was fourteen years of age, his parents
American families, being of the eighth gen- moved to Chautauqua county, N. Y., where
eration.  The first of the family to visit our they reared him to manual labor upon a farm,
shores was Thomas Hayward, who emigrated  by which he secured a robust and vigorous
from England about the year i638, settling  constitution, that has been of great benefit to
in Bridgewater, Mass., and was one of the  him in the arduous labors of his profession.
original proprietors of, that township.  In    At the age of twenty, being thrown upon
I788, one Jacob Hayward left Bridgewater, his own resources, he used all the money he
and settled in the wilderness, in the township  could earn, in the acquisition of knowledge.
of Acworth, N. H., where the family have  In November, If86I, commenced the study
resided ever since, and where the subject of  of medicine under A. B. Spinney, of Clythis sketch, his father, and grandfather, were  met, N. Y., and continued in his office until
born.                                      August 8th, I862, when at his country's call



HOMCOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              321
he enlisted in the I I2th Regiment New York  M. D., of Fulton, N. J., and, finally, in order
Volunteers, as a private, and participated in  to complete his studies, matriculated in the
much of the marching and fighting that fol- Geneva Medical College, of Geneva, N. Y.,
lowed, until the close of the war, through  where he graduated in January, I847. In
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, September of the same year, he was married
and Florida. Was promoted to non-com- to Miss Laura R. Brown, of Avon, N. Y.,
missioned and then to commissioned officer, and established  himself as an allopathic
and was, just before the close of the war, physician in Caledonia, Livingston county,
again recommended for promotion.           N. Y. In I849, he removed to Rochester,
In June, IS65, being honorably discharged, and becoming a convert to homeopathy in
he returned to his studies, now  at East I850, entered into partnership with the late
Saginaw, Mich., under the same preceptor as Dr. M. M. Mathews, one of the pioneers of
before, (he having removed  there in the  the new school in that city. After practising
mean time).  In the winter of I865-'66, he  with Dr. Mathews for some years, he decided
entered the WVestern Homceopathic Medical to open an office of his own, which has
College, at Cleveland, O., where he graduated, proved very successful, as by his faithful
February 27th, I867.  After practising with  discharge of his professional duties and his
his preceptor until the September following, well known ability he has drawn together a
he located in Hillsboro, O., where, with close  large and daily increasing practice.  IIe has
application to business, and marked success been President of the Munroe County Mediin the treatment of disease, he has built up a  cal Society, for two years, and Vice-President
large practice, despite the bitter and persist- of the New York State Homceopathic Medient allopathic opposition.                 cal Society.
In  November, I868, he married  Miss
Sarah E. Keeler, of East Saginaw, Mich.,
since which time they have been blessed with        ARPEL, FRANCIS  EUGENE,
two daughters.                                        M. D., of Danville, Pennsylvania,
He has been a member of the Homce-                  was born in the city of Reading,
opathic Medical Society of the State of Ohio,         Berks county, in that State, on
since May, 187I.                           the I5th day of June, I844. His ancestors
Since his location in Hillsboro, he has were among the first settlers of Berks and
been nearly alone in the practice of homce- Montgomery counties.  His father, who is a
opathy, as there was no other one practising  Lutheran minister, was born in Philadelphia,
upon that system, within thirty or forty miles. and his mother is the daughter of Joseph
Morgan, a gentleman of honor and respectability, who long held offices of trust in
Schuylkill county, Pa. His early days were
URD, EDWIN  HENRY, M. D., spent on his father's farm, and he was eduof Rochester, N. Y., was born in  cated in the common schools of Northampton
North East, Dutchess cotunty, N. and Lancaster counties, afterwards receiving
V., May 8th, 1825. His father, a course of instruction at the State Normal
Dr. Curtis J. Hurd, was a surgeon in the war School, at Millersville, Lancaster county.
of I812. The family is a medical one, as six  He was then engaged for six terms in teachof his cousins and two of his brothers were  ing in the common schools of the latter
educated for that profession.              named county, finally becoming interested in
Our subject commenced the study of medi- the working of marble for five or six years.
cine in the office of his brother, Dr. George  In I869, he removed to Shamokin, Pa., to
F. Hlurd, of Fayetteville, N. Y., after which, study medicine with his brother W. H. Harhe became a pupil of the Hon. Moses L. Lee, pel, M. D., as his preceptor.  His medical
21



HOMCEOPATHIIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                            323
mnedicine in Berlin and HIalle, in which latter proclivity for the study of drugs and mediuniversity he took his degree.  He first com- cine, he engaged himself to John B. Hall,
menced practice in Berlin, but, in 1840, M. D., a celebrated homceopathic chemist
removed to his native place Schwedt. The  and pharmaceutist of Cleveland, O., with
year I845 was a memorable one to him, for whom he was engaged for two years; after
he then became a convert to homoeopathy, which he became the student of Professor S.
which system he has ever since practised.  R. Beckwith, of Cleveland, O., professor of
It was not till I849 that he came to this  Surgery in the Western Homceopathic Colcountry.  After remaining a short while in  lege.  While pursuing his studies, he atBoston, he permanently established his home  tended two full courses of lectures in the
in New Bedford, in December, I850, where  college, and at the close of the third year
at least twenty-two years of his fully occupied  entered the Homceopathic Medical College
life were spent in drawing together and con- of New York, from which he gradluated with
solidating a widely spread and well paying  honorable distinction.  During his college
practice, and placing himself in a position, career, he had access to the various hospitals
by his theory and example, to command the  and other charitable institutions of the city.
respect and confidence of all his fellow citi- After the close of the term he returned to
zens.  In the year I855, he married an  Cleveland, O., where he received an appointAmerican lady from Rhode Island.           ment on the medical staff of the army, during
He is a member of the Massachusetts  the late war, in which capacity he rendered
Homceopathic  Medical Society, and  the valuable surgical assistance to the wounded
American Institute of Homceopathy.         in several battles.
The record of Dr. Matthes is a good one    Dr. Brown is a member of' the West Jerin respect to his education. After creditably  sey Homceopathic Medical Society; and is a
prosecuting his general studies in three of the  leading officer in several incorporated institumost celebrated educational institutions of  tions.  He is a liberal contributor to the
his native country, he devoted four years of' literature of homceopathy, through the colhis life to the especial study of medicine and  umns of various journals. For the last seven
surgery, and his success in after life may in  years he has been engaged in the active and
part be attributed to the complete and thor- successful pursuit of his profession in Vineough course of training he underwent when  land, N. J. Dr. Brown is retiring in disposiyoung.                                     tion; he is quick in his perception of disease;
and prompt in the choice and application of
the appropriate remedies.  His gentleness,
ROWN, L. W., M. D., of Vine- along with his skill and judgment have conland, N. J., was born February  tributed to the establishment and enlarge2nd, I844, in  Brownhelm, ment of a valuable practice.
Lorain county, 0. Brownhelm
was named after his father, who was a prominent citizen of the place. His ancestry were
descended from a royal family in Germany,         - LARKE, PELEG, M. D., of Proviand of course on his father's side he inherits        dence, R. I., was born in RichGerman blood. Both his parents dying when             mond, R. I., August 5th, I784.
he was about seven years of age, he was               Having completed his preparatory
placed under the guardianship of an uncle, education in the schools of his native State.
and boarded with one of his relatives. After he entered upon the study of medicine under
completing his early education, he entered  Dr. Nathan Knight, of South Kingston, R. I.,
the college in  Brighton, from  which he  which he continued under Dr. Caleb Fiske,
graduated with honor.  Having a natural of Johnston, R. I.  In i8o8, he commenced



324                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
practice in Johnston, where he labored with  (also deceased), he continued his reading
success until 1813. In that year he attended  until the autumn, of I856, when he matriculectures in the Medical Department of Brown  lated at the Ilomceopathic Medical College of
University.  He was one of the original peti  Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia. In the spring
tioners for a charter for the first medical of I86o, he graduated, and soon after comsociety established in the State of Rhode  menced practice at Carlisle, Pa. In a short
Island, and is the only one of them surviving. time he was urged to locate at MechanicsHe still retains his membership.  In I832, burg, Pa., to which place he removed. Here
he removed to Coventry and practised allo- he was compelled to encounter the fierce and
pathy until I844. Until this year, so little  relentless opposition of the advocates of
were the merits of homceopathy acknow- allopathy. Every available agency was emledged, that in the whole State there were  ployed to force him from his new home and
but one or two of its adherents who ventured  break up the homceopathic system. He conupon its practice.  Dr. Clarke, after a careful tinued to labor through this severe ordeal,
and thoughtful examination of the system, until in time success commanded the respect
bravely adopted it, and by his sound and  of his opponents.  In I866, he removed to
judicious treatment, contributed largely to  Harrisburg, Pa., and has secured both the
pave the way for its rapid extension through- confidence of the community and a valuable
out the State.  His advancing years and in- practice. He became a member of the Amercreasing infirmities compelling his retirement ican Institute of Homceopathy in Y868, at
to private life, his withdrawal was honored  Pittsburg, Pa., where he also participated in
with the laurels he had so well deserved. the organization of the Homceopathic Medi
His mantle has fallen upon the shoulders of cal Society of Pennsylvania.
his sons, H. B. Clarke and J. S. Clarke,
whose records, herein written to date, give
evidence that they will wear it gracefully
and honorably.                                      ORGAN, ALONZO  RICHARD
SON, M. D., of New York city,
_gh~   l was born March 23d, I830, in
Gouverneur, St. Lawrence county,
RIESE, MICHAEL, M. D., of  N. Y. He is descended from a New EngHarrisburgh, Pa., was born near land ancestry.  After pursuing a thorough
Carlisle, Pa., at the homestead of  academic course of instruction, he applied
his parents, February 7th, I832. himself to the study of medicine, and entering
His early education was attained  chiefly  first the Medical College of Geneva, N. Y.,
through the agency of private tutors. Having  went to Philadelphia, and graduated at the
completed it, he engaged in the business of Homoeopathic Medical College in that city at
teaching, and availed himself of the oppor- the session of I85I-'52.  On his graduation
tunity thus furnished of enlarging the sphere  he sailed for Europe, where he acquired a
of his attainments by extended reading. His large fund of valuable information respecting
parents having been ardent admirers and  his profession, and prosecuted his studies in
warm adherents of the homceopathic system. Paris under the most favorable auspices. On
of medical practice, through the intervention  his return he located in Syracuse, N. Y., and
and influence of Dr. A. Lippe, now of Phila- soon secured a large and lucrative practice.
delphia, he decided upon the study of medi- He served as City and County Physician;
cile, with the view of making it the business attended professionally the Onondaga county
of his life. Accordingly, he entered  the  Orphan Asylum, and was Surgeon of the
office of Dr. John K. Smith (deceased), under 5Ist Regiment of New York State Militia.
whose care, and that of Dr. John Armstrong  In all these positions he acquired a solid



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           325
reputation for ability, promptness and zeal,   After visiting the far West, in hope that a
and retained them until his acceptance of the  change of climate, of exercise and manner of
chair of the Theory and Practice of Medicine  living might yet restore him to health, and
in the Homceopathic College of Pennsylvania, finding much benefit from the invigorating
in I867. He resigned this chair in the fol- climate of Nebraska, he located temporarily
lowing year to accept a similar one in the  at Guide Rock.  He was for two years SecNew  York Medical College.  His failing  retary of the Homceopathic Medical Society
health demanding rest from his duties, he  of the State of Michigan, and the last year
relinquished the profession in I871. During  of his practice in Jackson was State Physician
his professional career he found time to fur  to the Penitentiary, the results of which did
nish to the various medical journals some more to confound the enemies of the rational
valuable papers containing the results of his and scientific measures of the homceopathic
studies in the several departments of his sys- system of treatment, than years of ordinary
tem, and some of the important lessons gar- practice could do.
nered from his large experience.             Politically he has been a Jeffersonian, then
an abolitionist, and lastly a Republican, but
has always declined political honors, except
as connected with educational matters, in
MITH, JOHN  ELISHA, M. D., which he has always taken an active interest,
of Guide Rock, Neb., was born  having held the office of School Inspector for
in the town of Ellisburg, Jefferson  ten consecutive years. He has graduated a
county, N. Y., on the 22d of good number of physicians, as the Register
November, I824.  He is the son of Elisha  of the Cleveland Homocqpathic College will
Smith, Jr., and the grandson of Elisha Smith, attest, all of whom have done honor to themformerly from  Rutland, Mass.  Removing  selves, their Alma Mater and their preceptor.
with his father from New York to Michigan,    He was married in the autumn of I848 to
in I842, he spent his time from the age of  Miss S. A. Lockwood, of Jackson county,
twenty to twenty-four in acquiring a literary  Mich., and she dying in I856, he was reeducation.  Commlencing the study of hom-  married in I858 to Miss A. G. Tyler, of
ceopathy in I853, he graduated from  the  Portland, Mich. He has been a mlember of
Western Homceopathic College at Cleveland, the Baptist denomination  for over thirty
O., in I856. He immediately after located  years, having united with the Baptist Church
in Portland, Mich., and made the duties of  at Mannsville, Jefferson county, N. Y., in
his profession, and its interests, his whole  I840, and for many years served in the capabusiness for five years. When the call was city of Church Clerk.
issued for "six hundred thousand," he enlisted in the military service, and served as
Captain of Company D, 9th Regiment of
IMichigan Infantry Volunteers, for one year;       LARK, AVERY  PROCTOR, M.
when, becoming the victim of chronic diar-            D., of Twinsburg, 0., was born
rhoea, he was discharged, and returned to his         at Stansted, Lower Canada, on
profession as soon as able. Four years later          November 8th, I805. Both his
he removed to Jackson, Mich., and labored  parents were of English extraction, but his
indefatigably in the interests of hommeopathy  grandfather on the maternal side, Peter
until May, 1872, when his health failed, in- Stearns, was a revolutionary soldier, serving
somuch that he was compelled to relinquish  under General Washington as a captain of
entirely all labor, mental and physical, and  infantry.  Both his father and mother were
to escape finom  the importunities of his born in New Hampshire. The subject of
patrons.                                   this sketch received a good plain literary



326                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
education in Henrietta, Monroe county, N. devoted physician. Though now somewhat
Y. After leaving school in I826 he removed  advanced in life, he relaxes not in the disto Ohio, where he entered the employment charge of the responsible andcl trying duties
of a carpenter and joiner, and learned his of his plofession.  He is a constant student,
trade.  He continned to follow that occupa- and indefatigable in his efforts for the relief
tion until 1836, when he put up a shop on a  of suffering humanity.  Possessed not only of
small water-power, and carried on the busi- great skill, but of a rarely sympathetic nature,
ness of turner and cabinet-maker.          he wins his way to the confidence of all his
About I842, constalit application to busi- patrons.
ness resulted in the breaking down of his    He was married to Avis B. Dodge on
health.  Having been brought up in the  November I3th, I832, in Granville, Licking
allopathic school, he naturally called in a  county, 0.  He has had eleven children, of
physician of the " old school."  Receiving no  whom there are only three surviving. These
benefit he several times changed his adviser, he considers "' trophies of homeopathy."
and at last hearing of a homceopathic physician, he placed himself in his hands, experiencing immediate relief, and finally wholly
recovering.  Having been  thus favorably            LLEN, SAMUEL SMITH, M. D.,
Adisposed towards homoeopathy, he resolved    X     [ of Wellsville, NT. i., was born in
upon studying the system, with a view to              Enfield, Tompkins county, N. Y.,
adopting it in the treatment of his own fain-         February Ioth, I829.  His early
ily. He accordingly procured from the phy- life was spent upon his father's farm; he was
sician who had so successfully treated, him a educated at the district school, and at the
copy of " Epps' Domestic Physician," and  Ithaca Academy, and he himself taught
having studied it thoroughly, obtained other school during the winter of I849-'50.  In
works on practice. At the expiration of a the fall of I85o, he engaged as a partner in
year's study, considering that he had acquired  the book and drug business, at Angelica,
sufficient knowledge to treat simple cases of Allegheny county, N. Y., and at the same
sickness in his own family, he purchased of  time commenced the study of medicine under
Dr. D. Shipher a small case of three dozen  direction of an allopathic physician of that
vials of medicines. Up to that time he had  place. In the winter of I852, he attended
never been able to raise a child over the period  lectures at the Buffalo Medical College, and
extending from eight months to five years of  the next season graduated at the Berkshire
age. By the adoption of homceopathy he  Medical College in Massachusetts. He comraised several to maturity.  Gradually the mlenced practice at King's Ferry, Cayuga
success with which he treated his own famlily  county, N. Y., but finding himself in a very
gained him a reputation, and he was drawn  limited field, in the spring of 1855 he reinto a practice that he took no means to  moved  to Angelica, where, with greater
secure.  Finding  that he was benefiting  opportunities, which, with much ability, he
those who sought his aid, he considered it his carefully improved, he soon became justly
duty to prescribe for them, keeping up mean- popular and celebrated as a physician and
while very assiduously his studies.  In due surgeon; but in consequence of extreme, ill
course of time he found himself enabled to  health, he was obliged for a period of nearly
attend college, whereupon he proceeded to  three years to abstain from professional duties.
Cleveland, in November, I850; took two  During this time he investigated the system
courses of lectures at the Homceopathic Col- of homceopathy, to which he became a conlege in that city, and graduated with distinc- vert; and having regained his health, his
tion from that institution in February, I852.  former field of practice then being occupied
Dr. Clark is a very earnest man and a by others, he located in Newfield, Tompkins



HOMCEOPATIIIC PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           329
a farm, he moved to Mukwonago, Wis., ful boy, two years old, by accidental scaldwhere he purchased a farm and worked it ing, which prevented him from attending the
until I856, when his health failing, he taught full course.  On October Ioth, I865, he
school.  While teaching, he became ac- matriculated again, and attended lectures
quainted with a homceopathic physician, until the close. He then removed to Ohio,
from whom he derived some knowledge of  to engage in the practice of his profession.
the system, and then purchased a domestic  His labors were attended with marked sucwork and a case of medicines, and com- cess. In a short time he established a high
menced practice in a small way. In I865, reputation for professional skill, and suc
he went to Eagle, and opened an office as a  ceeded in building up a large and lucrative
general practitioner, and has met with such  practice.  Being thoroughly imbued with the
success as compensates him. for his effort.    spirit of progress, and a great desire to obtain a thorough knowledge of every branch
of his'profession, on the Ioth day of October,
i868, he again returned to the city of New
IILLER, JOHN M., M. D., of Mor- York to attend another full course of lecrisania, N. Y., was born in Ba- tures.  To this end he remained till the
varia, Germany, December 3d,  spring of 1869, when he was induced to
1836. He was the son of poor locate in Morrisania, N. Y. Here he has
parents; was compelled to see the rough side  entered upon a large and desirable practice.
of life through all his earlier years, and en- He has been elected County Coroner. By
countered many serious obstacles to his ad- his skill and success, he has won a full
vancement.  His mother died when he was recognition by a majority of the resident
eleven years of age.                       allopathic physicians.
It was his purpose to enter upon a theological course, but by the death of his father,
about seven years later, and the previous
death of his brother, the entire support of the     LAY, GEORGE B. L., M. D., of
family devolved upon him. His attention               Moorestown, N. J., was born at
was directed to the study of medicine, and            Evansburg, Montgomery county,
being strongly inclined to its pursuit, he de-        Pa., on January IIth, I832. His
termined to avail himself of every opportu- father, Rev. J. C. Clay, D. D., was at that
nity to prepare himself for the profession. time Rector of the  Episcopal Church at
He opened a private school, which he taught Evansburg, Pa.  In the latter part of I832,
for a considerable time, during which he he was called to the Rectorship of Gloria
attended medical lectures at the University  Dei Church, Philadelphia, a position he ocof Erlangen, in  Bavaria, for about eight cupied until his death, in I862, a period of
months. At this time he had reached the  thirty years, during which he became widely
age of twenty years, and he was impressed  known and universally beloved. His mother,
with the belief that he would  enjoy far Simmons Edey, was the daughter of Richard
greater advantages in the New World. Be- Edey, of the Island of Barbadoes, West Ining fully settled in this conviction he came  dies. His academic studies were commenced
to this country though destitute of means on  at St. Paul's College, Flushing, Long Island,
his arrival.  He immediately resumed his where he remained for two years and a half;
avocation as teacher with a moderate degree  were continued at Burlington College, N.
of success, and was shortly married to a very  J., for another two years and a half, during
estimable lady.  In I864, he entered the  the latter part of which period he entered
Homceopathic College of New York city. the college classes. Subsequently he became
On the day of matriculation, he lost a beauti- a student in Yale College, but in conse



330                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPaEDIA OF
quence of ill health, he was compelled to  College, and then entered the office of Proabandon study for a time before completing  fessor J. W. Hamilton to study surgery. In
his course.  I-He then returned to Philadel- August I857, he was appointed Apothecary
phia, and, on recovering his health, tried  of the Central Ohio Lunatic Asylum, and
mercantile life for a few months.  Con- retained the office until, in 1859, he received
merce, however, possessed no attractions for the appointment of Assistant Physician to the
him, and he conceived a taste f6r the mecdi- Ohio Penitentiary under Dr. J. WV. Hamilton.
cal profession.  Accordingly, in I850, he  In the following year, Dr. D. R. Kinsell, a
commenced the study of medicine with Rich- homceopathist, was appointed successor to
ard Gardiner, M. D., of Philadelphia.  Hav- Dr. Hamilton, and he was retained in charge
ing thus prepared himself for a collegiate  of the surgical department  He availed himcourse, he attended lectures at the Homceo- self of the opportunity to investigate the new
pathic Medical College of Pennsylvania in  system, in comparison with the old, and soon
I85I, at the same time entering the office of  saw  its vast superiority.  There were a
XVilliam A. Gardiner, M. D., then Professor thousand prisoners under their charge, and
of Anatomy in the college.  He graduated  the success of homceopathic practice was apwith  honor in  I853.  Immlediately after parent to all who were connected with the
graduating, he began practice in Manayunk, institution.  The  hospital was under the
Pa., where, however, he only remained a few  charge of Dr. Kinsell and himself for two
months and then removed to Germantown. years, but, although  the  records showed
There he gradually acquired a good practice, greater success in economy, and loss of tinme
but after a residence of about five years, he  by the prisoners on account of sickness,
was induced by his love for country life to  political power for political policy put the
remove to Moorestown in I858.  Il that hospital under allopathic administration.  In
place, he has since continued to labor for the  I86I, he graduated at the Western  H-omeeocause of homceopathy, and being a very sue- pathic College in Cleveland, O.  In Febrou
cessful practitioner, he has built up a large  ary of that year, he began a general practice
and lucrative practice.                     with Dr.. Kinsell, and two years after by
A refined and cultured gentleman, as well himself.  He formed a partnership, in I872,
as a thoroughly competent physician, Dr. with Dr. A. 0. Blair, an old Western pioneer
Clay enjoys the high regard and esteem of a  of homoeopathy; and on February 9th, I873,
large circle of friends beyond those obtained  was married to Miss Lois R. Convers, the
in the discharge of his professional duties.   daughter of an old school physician, who
has now retired from practice, but is a firm
believer in homceopathy.  He served one
week during the war as a private in the
LOWERS, JOAB  R., M. D., of  militia; and is now a member of the city
Columbus, O., was born at New  council of Columbus.
Lisbon, O., July 25th, I836. His
father, who was at that timle a
Methodist preacher, soon after began the
practice of allopathic medicine in  Perry            EWETT, WILLIAM  E., M. D.,
county, 0.  He commenced the practice of                of Adrian, Mich., was born in
homncopathy in 1864.                                    Langerfield, Oneida county, N.
Dr. Flowers was educated at the Ohio                 Y, December 8th, I842.  His
Wesleyan University at Delaware, O., and  grandfather, Jonathan Jewett, moved to Lancommenced the study of medicine with his  gerfield with his parents at the age of eight,
father in I853.  He attended, in I855, a  and resided on the same farm  for nearly
course of lectures in the Starling Medical eighty-four years.  He died June IIth, 1872,






61



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               331
at the advanced age of ninety.  Dr. Jewett in Washington, D. C., where hestudied mediwas educated at Grand River Institute, Aus-  cine with Drs. Sewall and McWilliams, Protinburg, O., taking the full classic and scien- fessors in the medical department of Columntific courses. In September, I864, he began  bian College, from which institution he grastudying medicine with E. A. Munger, of  duated in March, 1826, having previously
Waterville, N. Y.  Afterwards his studies held the office of Pharmaceutist and House
were conducted by Dr. C. C. Olmstead, of  Surgeon in the Corporation Asylum and HosPainesville, 0.  I)uring the winters of I865-  pital for three years.  He then engaged in'66, he attended lectures at the HIFomceopathic  country practice, principally in Mississippi,
College, Cleveland, O.  The following win- until I843, when he removed to Louisville,
ter he went to New York, and, after attend- Ky.  While there, he investigated the homceing the lectures of the New York Homceopa- opathic system, and finally adopted it as his
thic Medical College, Dr. Jewett graduated  future mode of practice.  The feeble condiin the spring of IS67.  The following winter tion of his wife's health compelled his return
he spent in the hospitals of that city, reaping  to the South, in I847, and he practised in
much advantage froniom the experience obtained. Huntsville, Ala., until I855, when, age disIn iS68, he located at Constantine, St. Jo- abling him for the arduous labors of a country
seph county, Mich,, where he married Miss practice, he removed to New Orleans, where,
Kittie A. Root.  He soon succeeded in estab- in conjunction with his son, he has been for
lishing a large and lucrative country practice, seventeen years in charge of the Orphans'
and made many life-long friends. After the  Home, on Seventh street, an institution which
birth of-his two children, in I87o  and'72, sheltered about one hundred and thirty chilhe concluded to remove to Adrian, Mich., dren.  When the New Orleans Homceopathic
where he located in January of the latter year. Medical Society was organized, in I870, Dr.
Here his success has been most flattering, and  Angell was elected its President.
his popularity is such that among his nume-    Notwithstanding his age, Dr. Angell is still
rous patrons his name has become a household  actively engaged in the duties of his profesword.  A  large and constantly increasing  sion.  Thoroughly educated in the teaching
practice requires anl assiduous devotion to the  of the old schools, his acceptance and advoduties of his profession, in which he has al- cacy of the doctrines of Hahnemann has had
ready attained an enviable reputation.      a decided influence in favor of homceopathy
wherever he is known.
NGELL, RICHARD, M. D., of
New  Orleans, La., was borsn in           UY, SAMUEL S., M. D., of BrookLondon, England, March  I6th,               lyn, N. Y., was born in KingsIS04.  He is the descendant of              bury, Washington county, in that
a distinguished family, many of whom, for               State, January I 8th, i8i8.  His
several generations, have held high offices ancestry on his father's side were of Englishunder the rulers of England.  His father Irish origin; his great-grandfather comning
spent a long life actively engaged in mercan-  from the North of Ireland about the middle
tile pursuits, and died at a very advanced age, of the last century.  His grandfather served
leaving an unsullied reputation.            in the war of the Revolution, first as a memAfter a year devoted to the study of phar- her of the old continental guards of Rhode
macy, Dr. Angell attended the Middlesex  Island, and then in New York. After the
Hospital under the auspices of his uncle, war he retired to a farm in Kingsbury, where
Thomnas Chevalier, Surgeon to George IV. lie lived for more than sixty years, and died
Subsequently, lie came to America, and settled  at the advanced age of ninety-two years.



332                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPIEDIA OF
His father was born on this same farm, and  Wiser counsels prevailed, however, and he
lived in that neighborhood, until 1859, when  continued his practice.  In I853, he became
he died in the seventy-third year of his age. identified with the native American moveHis mother's family were English, and settled  ment, and took an active part in it, as in the
in Connecticut at an early day.             gubernatorial canvass of New York, in I854.
He received a fair common school educa- He served as Treasurer of the State Committion in his native town, and in his eighteenth  tee, and raised personally much of the funds
year, becoming dissatisfied with farm  life, used for carrying on the campaign. The nonyearned  for a more  extended  education. success of the party hindered his appointment
Without pecuniary resources of his own, but, to a lucrative position.  In I856, he served
resolved upon the attainment of his object, he  as a delegate to the convention which met in
pursued his English and classical studies for Philadelphia, and nominated Mr. Filmore for
four years, chiefly under private tutors, sup- the Presidency.  Since then he has taken no
porting himself meanwhile.  In I840, he re- active part in politics.
moved to Buffalo, N. Y., where he pursued    He continued in large and lucrative practhe study of law  and medicine, until the  tice, until I859, when, his health becoming
autumn of I844.  Deciding then upon medi-  impaired, he purchased the property known
cine as his profession, he attended his first as the " Chancellorville Plantation;" in Spottcourse of lectures at the Albany Medical Col- sylvania county,. Va., rendered historical by
lege, during the winter of I844-'45.  The  the war of the Rebellion, and moved there
interval between that and his second course  with his family, on the Ist of May.  The
was spent with Dr. J. W. Richards, in Troy, month following, he delivered the annual adN. Y., as assistant and student, and, in I846, dress before the American Institute of Hohe graduated at the Albany Medical College. mceopathy in Boston.  He continued in ChanImmediately on his graduation, he formed a  cellorville until the spring of I86I, when the
partnership with Dr. Case, of Albany, an old  great Rebellion was precipitated.  The frank
and experienced physician.  As nearly all the  avowal of his sentiments brought upon him
work and but little of the emoluments de- the suspicions and obloquy of his neighbors,
volved upon him, he separated from Dr. Case  which developed into open persecution.  Deafter three months of connection, and settled  termined, if possible, to remove his family to
in Brooklyn.  During his first year's practice, the North, he was compelled to have recourse
he was introduced to Dr. P. P. Wells, who in-  to stratagem, and finally succeeded in escapvited his attention  to  homoeopathy.  His ing with them, and in reaching Washington
growing dissatisfaction with the results of al- city, on May I 5th.  His property of all kinds,
lopathic treatment induced him  to lend a  which he was compelled of necessity to leave
ready ear to the suggestions of Dr. Wells, and  behind, was destroyed by his persecutors.
to bestow upon the claims of hom(eopathy a    Returning to Brooklyn utterly penniless,
close and careful examination.  In the course  but not disheartened, he resumed his practice
of a year he became convinced of the truth of  of medicine.  During the continuance of the
the system, and cordially adopted it as the  great national struggle, he used all his influ-'basis of his medical practice.  It had a severe  ence, and exerted all his powers, in favor of
test, in I849, during the attack of Asiatic  his government.  In June, I865, the Americholera, when, after four months of its pre-  can Institute of Homceopathy, whose sessions
valence, he lost but one case by death out of  had been suspended during the war, resumed
a large number of cases under his charge. In  its work in the annual session in Cincinnati,
I850, when the public mind was excited on  when Dr. Guy was elected to preside over its
account of the discoveries of gold in Califor- deliberations.  He had succeeded in building
nia, he made partial arrangements to dispose  up a large and valuable practice, but his health
of his business, and embark in the speculation. again becoming impaired, he was obliged, in



HOMt(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                         333
I866, to discontinue the duties of his profes- in its practice in the allopathic school.  By
sion. The Hahnemann Life Insurance Corn- some providential circumstance, some of Jahn's
pany had just been organized, and he accepted  medical works fell in his way, in which he
its general agency for the State of New York. became deeply interested. and finally conHe labored with all his energy to promote  verted to the homceopathic faith; and he enthis new  method of insurance, until I869, tered with renewed zeal for the mastery of
when he left this company to assist in the or- the principles and doctrines of the new science.
ganization of the Homemopathic Mutual, of    He gave up all interest in merchandizing;
New York.  He continued in this business, became a pupil of the late Dr. Hoffendahl;
until in the spring of I870, finding his health  frequented the Massachusetts Hospital of Bosgreatly improved, he resumed his practice in  ton; familiarized himself with the principles
Brooklyn.  In I87I, his health was entirely  and practice of surgery, and finally matricurestored by the use of compound oxygen. lated at the Homceopathic Medical College
Since this time he has adopted this as a spe- of Philadelphia, from which he graduated, in
cial and important branch of office practice in  I856. In I863, he commenced practice in
the treatment and cure of chronic diseases. Philadelphia, but shortly returned to Nashua,
This with his general practice has secured to  N. H., then he removed to Medway, -Mass.,
him a large and lucrative business.        afterward residing in Attleboro and Franklin,
where he entered upon an extensive and lucrative practice, embracing a circuit of fifty
or sixty miles. He was offered a chair in the
ORSE, CALVIN  EMORY, M.D., Worcester Eclectic College, but he felt it to
of New York city, was born in  be impossible to accept. He has recently reAttleboro', Mass., on March 15th, moved to the city of New York, having re1812.  He was the son of Calvin  tired from the active duties of his profession.
Morse, who deceased at the ripe age of eighty  He retains, however, a deep and abiding inyears-born in Foxboro', Mass., died at Cam- terest in the grand truths and the advancement
bridge-and of Keziola Richardson, who died  of homceopathy.  During his active career,
at Cam)ridge-lorn in Wrentham, Mass.- Dr. Morse, by his eminent skill and his sucat the age of sixty-nine years.            cess in the treatment of disease, thus giving
Dr. Morse, the subject of this sketch, re- unmistakable evidence of the truth and efficeived his early education with a view of  ciency of the Hahnemann theory and pracfollowing mercantile pursuits; and in which  tice, awakened so deep an interest in the
he engaged for a considerable time in Boston  minds of many physicians of the allopathic
and Cambridge in the wholesale and retail school, that in his circuit they were led to an
dry and fancy goods trade. In 1838, he mar- acceptance, and to the practice of the new
ried a most excellent lady by the name of system.
Hannah Tufts, who died about four years
afterward; and he married again, in I843, a
Miss Joanna Wilkins, who is still living; wh6,' -— ROWN, HIRAM DIGHTON, M.
in her benevolence, volunteered her service in  }     D., of Potsdclam, N. Y., was born
the hospitals, with the approval of Governor          in Stanstead, P. Q., on September
Andrew, Sergeant-General Hammond, and                 2ISt, 1833. He was the youngest
other eminent men.                         son of Amos Brown, who served in the AmePossessing a decided fondness for the study  rican Army;, in the war of I812.  His early
of medicine, while prosecuting his business as education -he received at Derby Academy,
a merchant, he employed all his spare hours Derby, Vt.; studied French with; Professor
in obtaining a knowledge of the science of  Fourniea, of Montreal, and medicine with Dr.
medicine, with the ulterior view of engaging  S. A. Skinner, of Derby, Vt., an allopath, a



334                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
fine scholar, and the inventor of Skinner's  opathic physician at Rockford, in the spring
Splints for Fractures.  He graduated at Berk- of I864; but shortly afterwards enlisted in the
shire Medical Institute, Pittsfield, Mass., in  United States Army, as band-master to a re1856; studied homoopathy with Drs. Car- giment.  Having a considerable amount of
penter and Currier, of Derby, and commenced  leisure time, he was able to profit by the many
its practice with Dr. C. B. Currier in Roches- opportunities afforded him of studying mediter, Vt., in I857.  In I858, he removed to  cine and surgery until he was discharged in
Moretown, and in the same year was married  November, I864.  In the winter of the same
to Frances K. Morgan, of Rochester.  He  and following year, he entered the Hahnewas the first to introduce homceopathy in  mann Medical College at Chicago, Ills., going
Moretown, where he advocated with great through a full course of lectures and studies.
enthusiasm the doctrine of silzilia similibuzs He entered into a partnership, in I865, with
czrlntzzc-, and won over large numbers to the  Dr. R. B. Clark, at Racine, Wis.; but the'ascause.  After residing in that town for five  sociation, however, did not last much more
years, he was persuaded to remove to Pots- then half a year, as he felt it desirable to obdam, where from  a small beginning, and  tain his degree before continuing the practice
against a strong tide of opposition, he has by  of his profession.  He, therefore, again enhis skill and care built up a large and lucra- tered the Medical College at Chicago, and
tive practice, second to none in Northern  happily obtained his diploma, in the spring of
New York.  Among his patients are many of the next year.
the wealthiest and most cultivated people in    On leaving college, he felt that he had acthe community.  Constant toil and care have  quired sufficient knowledge of medicine to
left a deep imprint upon his features, but have  authorize his commencing practice, and acin no way affected the geniality of his nature;  cordingly settled in Onargo, Ills., for that purhis manner is pleasant and cheerful to all, but pose, remaining there for a few months only,
especially to children, in whom  he takes a  when he made a trial of Malton, in the same
deep interest, and with whom he is a universal State.  This latter place, however, not anfavorite.                                   swering his expectations, he resolved finally
to establish himself permanently in Onargo,
whither he returned in the autumn  of the same
year, and where he still resides, having by his
IILLER, CHARLES  W., M. D., industry, skill, and successful treatment of
of Onargo, Ills., was born in Lee, disease been able to secure a large and proOneida county, N. Y., February  fitable practice, gain the confidence of the
20th, 1842.                      most influential citizens, and establish the reHe comes fromn an old stock, his grand- putation, admitted in every quarter and freely
father having removed from Massachusetts to  endorsed by the most prominent members of
Fort Stanwix, N. Y. (now Rome), in I794. the medical faculty, of being by far the best
When still an infant, his parents removed from  qualified physician in the city.
Lee to Rockford, Ills., where he lived with    From  this it appears that Dr. Miller, in
them, working on their farm till the age of  spite of a somewhat checquered life, and.the
twenty-one.                                 many changes which circumstances have comHis education was commenced at the com- pelled him to make, has succeeded in obtainmon district school, but completed at the  ing an amount of knowledge hardly to be exHigh School at Rockford.  His first step in  pected  under the circumstances.  This is
life was to become a school-teacher, which  probably owing to his strong and rapid peroccupation, however, he soon abandoned for ceptive powers, retentive memory, and good
the study of medicine, entering for this pur-  judgment, which have permitted him to maspose the office of Dr. M. D. Ogden, homoe- ter an abstruse and delicate science in the



HOMCEOPATItIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          335
same tilne required by a slow plodder to gain    Having regained'his sight after a season of
a knowledge of its rudiments.              entire rest, he began the study of medicine,
attending the lectures at the Buffalo University, afterwards the University of Albany, N.
Y., where he graduated on the I3th day of
HITTLE, JOSHUA  FALSOM, June, 1854.
M. D., of Nashua, N. H., was   In this vear he married Mary E. Nash, A.
born in Deering, in that State, M., and shortly after entered upon the duties
August 5th, I820. I-e was edu- of active practice, being recognized as a leadcated at the academy in East Deering, and  ing allopathist. Close observation, together
that in Unity, N. H. After leaving school, he  with unremitting study, sdon rendered him
entered the office of his uncle, James Peter- dissatisfied with theories of the old school,
son, M. D., of Weare, N. H., with whom he  and convinced himn that the therapeutics of
continued five years, and graduated at the  that branch of the profession was faulty. In
Medical College in Castleton, Vt., in Novem-  I864, he entered the Army as Assistant Surber,.I843.  During the last two years of his geon in the ISSth New York Volunteers, but
connection with Dr. Peterson, he practised  being attacked  with paraplegia, was disallopathy. In January, 1844, he located in  charged the service.
Francistown, N. H., as a successor to Dr.   On regaining his health, lie again returned
Moses Atwood, who had removed to Nashua, to the practice of medicine, locating at Tituson account of his wife's health. But as Mrs. ville, Pa., where he enjoyed a large practice;
Atwood became more ill, he returned to  but removed thence to Cleveland, O., in order
Francistown, and Dr. Whittle took his place  to attend the lectures at the Homceopathic
in Nashua, in March, 1844, and advertised  Hospital College, and graduated at the close
as a homceopathic physician and surgeon, his of the term.  He then settled at Salem, O.,
conversion to the newsystem having occurred  and has been elected to the chair of Gynesix months previous.                       cology at the Hospital College of Cleveland,
IHe was one of the founders of the New  Ohio.
Hampshire Homceopathic Medical Society;
prepared the charter for presentation to the
Legislature; and was its first Secretary and       ITSWORTH, RANDOLPH, M.
Treasurer. He has since held various offices         D., of Plainfield, N. J., was born
in the society.                                      in Middlesex county, in the same,  State, on February 26th, 1821.
H-le is of Scotch and Welsh descent. The
-  PENCER, G. O., M.D., of Salem, position of his parents rendered it necessary
O., was born in Seneca county, for him to contribute to his own support from
N. Y., February 25th, I830. His an early age. Until he reached his twentieth
father was a farmer of small year, he divided his time between labor and
means, able to accord his son but a limited  the common schools of his township. Then
education.                                 having accumulated some means, and being
At the age of sixteen, having determined  very anxious to improve his position, he
upon a life which offered a wider field for placed himself under the instruction of Rev.
ambition, and having obtained by personal S. S. Griswold, of Shiloh, N. J. Having
exertion the means to defray his expenses, he  prepared himself in this manner, he entered
entered the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, and  De Ruyter Institute, in Madison county, N.
was preparing for college when his sight' Y., and finished an academic course. A nafailed him, and he was obliged to forego his tural taste for the study of physiology and
cherished hopes of a classical education.  medicin6 he gratified during his leisure hours,



336                    BIOGRAPHI-ICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
instead of participating in the usual recrea- ploma in the autumn of I841, dedicating the
tions and sports of his fellow students.  At following winter to a course of lectures at
the age of twenty four he entered the office  Albany, devoting much of his time to the
of Drs. Richardson and Loomis, of Syracuse, study of anatomy.
N. Y. Dr. Loomis was soon after called to    Chesterfield, Mass., was the place he sethe Professorship of Obstetrics in the Hom- lected in which to commence his practice of
ceopathic Medical College of Philadelphia, medicine, but, after remaining there for about
and he was accompanied to the city by his  a year, he removed to a new field of action,
pupil, who remained there until the comple- and settled at Grand Rapids, Mich.  A short
tion of his medical course.  During the last time previous to his departure from  Chesteryear at college he was appointed Physician  field, his attention had been forcibly drawn
and Surgeon to the Dispensary.  In'the  to the subject of hommcopathic science, and,
spring of 1853 he received his diploma.     with a view  to satisfying himself as to its
As soon after graduating as arrangements  merits, he procured books and medicines,
would permit he located in Plainfield, being  and seriously commenced its study.  He did
the first homceopathic physician to open an  not, however; venture to utilize the knowledge
office in Union county. As might be expected, thus acquired till after his establishment at
therefore, he encountered no little opposition  Grand Rapids, when he commenced to emat first, but his attentive and successful treat, ploy the remedies, using the utmost caution
ment of disease soon overcame all captious  at first, but by degrees, as his experience
criticism, and placed him  in possession of a  enlarged, his confidence increased, and he
large practice, which continues to steadily  boldly employed them in his general practice.
increase.                                      Whilst residing at the last named town he
Dr. Titsworth's great success has given  was called upon to perform one of the most
him  a good standing in the profession, has  remarkable  surgical operations  ever  atconverted many allopathic brethren, and has  tempted.  In a case of gunshot wound, he
established the practice of homceopathy on a  ligatured both carotid arteries, at an interval
firm basis in that section of the State in which  of four and a half days, to check secondary
he resides.  Diseases of the lungs, and of  hemorrhage.  We are told  in Dr. Mott's
women and children, receive his special at- notes and observations in " Velpeau's Operatention.  He has never entered the political tive Surgery," that there were four instances
arena, contenting himself with voting upon  of a ligature of both carotids on record at the
all important public questions.              time of the above operation, and the only
Unaided by fortune, or the influence of  successful one previous to this on record in
wealthy friends, he has attained to his pre- this country, " of a ligature of both carotids
sent position by indomitable  perseverance  after a short interval of time, is that of Dr.
and an energy and zeal that never flagged.    Mott, in which both carotids were tied in an
interval of twelve months."  Although Dr.
Ellis's case was recorded in full in the New
York 7ournal of  Iledicine, and from thence
LLIS, JOHN, M. D., of New York  into Mott's " Velpeau," one thing is notecity, was born in Ashfield, Mass., worthy: the record shows that the life of the
-   A  on November 26th, IS15.  His  patient was saved by spoonful doses of a
father, Dimick Ellis, was a farm- solution containing one drop of the tincture
er, at one time member of the State Legisla-  of aconite in a glass of water, after bloodture, and at different periods holding various  letting and cupping had failed to relieve the
offices of trust in his native town. He studied  congestion of the lungs which followed the
medicine at the Berkshire Medical Institu-  last operation.
tion, Pittsfield, Mass., and obtained his di-    The constant study of the subject during a



333                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP1'ADIA  OF
stitute of Homceopathy, and for the past three  Society, and has been its Treasurer for two
or four years has devoted his time and atten- years past.  He is also a member of the
tion exclusively to the practice of that system  American Institute of Homoeopathy.  From
of medicine.  It has frequently been re- the organization of the Albany City Homceomarked that the convert fromn one religious  pathic I-Iospital he has filled the office of one
belief to another is more enthusiastic and  of the Governors, and is also Attending Phyenergetic in the cause of his newly-adopted  sician.
faith than those who have been brought up    In religious, benevolent and temperance
in the same. The cause of this is obvious; organizations he holds offices of trust and
it requires a violent effort, a supreme convic- honor, and never hesitates to do what he betionl, to tear oneself away from  the old sur- lieves to be right, without regard to public
roundings, and nothing can effect this but a opinion.
deeply-rooted confidence in the truth of the.
new. The same remark will apply to medical doctrines and tenets; and it is eminently I     ARPEL, JEREMIAH, M. D., of
true of Dr. Ellis.  He had been brought IM  l   Cincilnati, O., was born in Montup at the feet of the Gamaliel of allopathy,  X       gomery county, Pa., on August
but the scales fell from his eyes and he saw          ioth, I805.  In I8Io, his father
the new light, which he followed, swerving  removed to Philadelphia and  engaged in
neither to the right nor to the left, but keep- mercantile pursuits.  Here he spent his
ing fast hold of that which his reason and his  childhood and youth, attending some of the
conscience told him to be true.            best institutions of learning, purposing to devote his energies to the profession of teaching.
Having duly qualified himself for the responsibility, he commenced teaching in MontUNTING, NELSON, M. D., of  gomery county, and for several years continAlbany, N. Y., was born  in  ned in the same occupation in  that and
Wright, N. Y., on the 2Ist day  Chester counties.  In 1824, he opened an
of November, I837.  His father academy in Philadelphia, and maintained the
was a farmer, and his early life was spent in  same for a number of years. Three years
the country. He received a liberal education  after embarking in this enterprise, he married
in the city of Albany, and having turned his his present wife.  While engaged teaching
attention to the study of medicine, attended  he devoted his leisure hours to the study of
lectures in both the allopathic and homceo- the Latin, Greek, French and German lanpathic colleges, receiving his degree of Doc- guages under eminent private teachers. Some
tor of Medicine from the New York Homceo- years later his attention was drawn towards
pathic Medical College.  He commenced to  medicine as a profession, and about 1835 he
practise in his native place, with the strongest commenced reading under the direction of
opposition from the resident old school phy- several able practitioners.  In I842, he atsicians, but was soon able to convince the  tended medical lectures in Philadelphia, and
community that a greater force entered into  in due course was admitted to practice.
tble means he employed toward effecting his    He began the active duties of a physician's
cures than the mere power of imagination.   life in I843, in New Jersey, and almost imAfter serving some time as a physician to  mediately his mind was attracted by homcohis old friends and neighbors, and wearied  pathy.  He made an investigation of the new
of the duties of country practice, he located  system, and was so favorably impressed that
in the city of Albany, where he has continued  in 1844 he removed to Philadelphia, where
in practice to this time.  He is a member of  he comllmenced its practice.  After awhile he
the New York State Homceopathic Medical removed, first to Pottsville and then Reading,



HOMICEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               339
Pa.; thence in I848 to Northampton county, cian of the Philadelphia General Hospital and
in the same State, where he labored for a  Children's Asylum.  About this time, hownumber of years with remarkable success. ever, Dr. Jones became dissatisfied with the
In 1856, he changed his residence, settling in  results of allopathic treatment, and not being
Tazewell county, Ills.  Here, however, the  one of those who are content to follow imfield did not prove congenial, and he once  plicitly the beaten track of preceding generamore sought a new home, locating in Coving- tions, determined to devote a year to the
ton, KIy., and practising in that city and  investigation of homoeopathy, which was then
Cincinnati.  In I862, he made yet another exciting very strongly the attention of those
change, when he took up his residence in  who, astonished by the rapid progress it lwa!
Cincinnati, which still continues the field of  making, possessed sufficient boldness to exhis labors.                                  amine into the matter themselves, instead of
Dr. Harpel is a strict and uncompromising  yielding a blind obedience to the traditions
adlvocate of homeopathy, his practice render-  of schools.  This determination of Dr. Jones
ing him  every day more convinced of the  was an exceedingly happy one for him, and
soundness of the foundation upon which the  proved the turning point in his career.  I-Ic
system is reared.  His own success in follow- soon satisfied himself not only of the correcting the principles laid down by Hahnemann  ness of the theories of the new system, but of
has been most marked, and has secured for its immensely superior results in treatment,
him a very large share of the patronage of the  and in 1858 settled in his native town of
homceopathists of the city in which he re- West Chester to establish a medical practice
sides.                                      in accordance with the doctrines of homceo_` —0"1- — pathy.  Dr. Jones had much to encounter in
battling against the teachings of allopathy
ONES, JOSEPH  E., M. D., of  and the prejudices it had implanted in the
i   West Chester, Chester county, community; but every day was placing the
Pa., was born in West Chester, in  system  he practised on a firmer foundation,
that county, October I4th, 1832. and his success in his professional endeavors
Having finished his education at the Uni-  ere long became too potent an argument to
versity of Lewisburg, Pa., in I853, his predi- be wit.hstood.  His practice steadily and
lections led him towards the study of medicine, rapidly.increased, until it is now one of the
and in the same year he took the first step  most extensive in the county.
towards acquiring his professional education    Dr. Jones has made a specialty for several
by entering the office of the celebrated Dr. years past of diseases peculiar to women, and
Joseph Carson, Professor of Materia Medica  has effected several notable improvements in
in the University of Pennsylvania, as his  instruments pertaining  to  that branch of
private student.  Determining to secure as practice, in which he has been eminently
thorough a knowledge of his intended pro- successful.  In I869, he collected and pubfession as possible, he resolved to avoid the  lished a history of the homoeopathic practipernicious system of " cramming" necessary  tioners of Chester county, and is at present
for those attending but two, courses of lec- engaged on a continuation of the work.  He
tures, as is the case with the majority of stu- has also, at intervals, made valuable contribu
dents, and devoted three years to his college  tions to the medical literature of the day. In
career. In this time he embraced every op- the midst of the engrossing duties of his proportunity for study, and graduated in the  fession, Dr. Jones has found time for those
spring of I856, with a most honorable stand- of the Christian, being prominently identified
ing in his class, and soon after received the  with the cause of the Sabbath-school instrucflattering distinction for one so young in the  tion of children, and for several years the
profession, of being elected Resident Physi- able Superintendent of the largest Sabbath



340                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
school ever assembled under one roof in              ALDWIN, JARED  G., M. D)., of
Chester county.                                        New York city, was born ill Susquehanna county, Pa., July ISth,
I827.  His father's family came
from Lyme, Conn., and his mother, who was
AWNLEY, L. B., M. D., of Phenix-  a Sherer, from  New Hampshire.  When he
ville, Pa., was born in Delware  was about ten years old his father moved to
county, N. Y., August 22d, 1828. New York city with his family, where they
He is a descendant of Stephen  have since resided.  At sixteen years of age
I-Iawley, who emigrated from  England in  he graduated  at the  Mechanics' Society
1726, and settled in New  Milford, Conn. School, then the largest and best of the priHis early education, like that of so many of  vate schools in New York.  He was at once
our self-made men, was received in the com-  engaged by the retiring principal as teacher
mon schools, which he attended until near in a school which he established.  He taught
his eighteenth year.  In I846, he entered the  in this school more than a year, applying
United States Army, and was thus engaged  himself assiduously to the study of the Latin,
when the war with Mexico called him  from   Greek and French languages.  Leaving this
Albany to the seat of war.  Here he per-  school, he entered the counting-room  of a
formed faithful service until, seriously wound-  dry goods house as book-keeper, remained in the battle of Molino del Rey, he was  ing with them about four years.
honorably discharged and pensioned in Feb-:   Becoming dissatisfied with mercantile life,
ruary, I848.  Returning to his native State, and being resolved to study medicine, he rehe became a pupil in the Delaware Literary  signed his position and accepted an appointInstitute, in August of that year. In October, ment as teacher in one of the largest of the
1849, he entered the office of Drs. Green and  publaic schools'of New York city.  He conStone, in Otsego county, N. Y., as a student tiliued to teach in this school about three
of medicine.  While there he was converted  year., and in the meantime entered his name
to homoeopathy, and was graduated at the  as a student of medicine in the office of Dr.
I-Iomceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl-  Alfred Freeman, one of the first and one of
vania in I853.  On his graduation he com- the most successful practitioners of homoeomenced  the practice in Delhi, Delaware  pathy in New York city.  He attended meedcounty, N. Y., and was the pioneer of houn-  ical lectures one year at the New  York
ceopathy in  that county.  In November, Medical College, and two years at the MediI855, he succeeded Dr. T. J. Weal, at Phce-  cal Department of the New York University,
nixville, Pa.  In I863, he went to Waverly, where he graduated in I853.
N. Y., but in March, I872, returned to his    After graduating he immediately engaged
old home at the request of former patrons.   in business with his preceptor, Dr. Freeman,
Hle was first married to a sister of his pre-  and remained with him  until his death, in
ceptor, Dr. Stone, in I853.  She died in  I86I.  By close application to business, atI855, leaving him one child.  In November, tended with great success, he was enabled not
1862, he was married to Miss S. $S. Richard-  only to retain the whole of Dr. Freeman's
son, of Otsego county, N. Y.       I        extensive business, but so to increase it that
He has confined himself strictly to the  he has now one of the largest and most lucraduties of his profession.  In those he has tive practices in the city.
foundlcl ample scope for his energies, and has    Although Dr. Baldwin devotes his time
the satisfaction of finding that his devotion to  almost exclusively to his duties as a practihis duties has won him  the confidence and  tioner, writing but seldom  for the journals,
esteem  of his patients, and the more solid  yet he cultivates and indulges a taste for
emoluments attendant upon faithful services. general literature and natural history.  He



',: r,,iX,$,~'~"?  irll~llll llllei,~'li WI~'?|El'     e1  1'Mb101i,~ | k'.>t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~M






tIOMICEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             341
has collected an extensive library, especially  plete  medical doctrine, attracted  marked
rich in illustrated works and works on na- attention, especially in connection with the
tural history, with many very old and rare  report of a Committee on Mechanical Aids to
books, some dating back to the fifteenth cen- Medication in the Treatment of Various
tury, before the discovery of America.      Diseases.  It was a clear exhibit of the progress of homecopathy, of the position it now
occupies in medical science, and of its claims
upon the scientific mind of the age. In his
AKE, DAVID MERIT, M. D., of  intercourse with his patrons, Dr. Dake has
Pittsburg, Pa., was born in Green- sought to enlighten their minds in regard to
field, Saratoga  county, N. Y., the true principles of medical practice, as opApril I4th, I814.  He is a son  posed to the fossilized empiricism of the older
of Dr. Jaber Dake.  Entering the office of  method of practice.  As the practical demonDr. J. WV. Miller, he studied medicine under stration of the efficacy of homccopathy could
his guidance, and attended two courses of be made to comparatively few at the bedside,
lectures at the Fairfield Medical College, N. and as a more efficient channel through
Y., and one at Castleton, Vt., where he grad- which to reach the masses, he wrote and seuated in the spring of I837.  Settling in  cured the publication of about ninety columns
Nunda, Livingstone county, N. Y., he prac- in the Dzail, Dispatchz of Pittsburg, setting
tised allopathy over nine years, with increas-  forth the claims of homceopathy upon the
ing dissatisfaction with that system  and its  confidence of mankind as a system of cure,
results.  He could not persuade himself that contrasted with the allopathic system in the
his patients at any time owed their recovery  light of notable and unequivocal results of
to his prescriptions, and he found it mortify-  practice, and extending reiterated invitations
ing to know that the simplest remedies pre- to the enemies of homceopathy to disprove
scribed by those too poor to employ a physi- the facts or expose the fallacy of the reasoncian were often more potent for a recovery0 ing.  The invitation not being responded to,
than his most elaborate prescriptions. While  the people quietly accepted the silence of the
in this state of mind, his attention was drawn. allopaths as proof that no reply could be
to homoeopathy, and  he commenced  the. made, and homeopathy has been ever since
study of Hahnemann's " Organon," which he  gaining ground steadily and surely.
examined with deepest interest.  Following    A  case  of prosecution in the criminal
this with Jahr's " Manual,"  and supplying  courts of a homcopathic physician for alhimself with the more useful remedies, he  leged malpractice excited great attention and
commenced practice.  During the twenty-  deep feeling.  Dr. Dake felt that homceopafive years which have passed since his adop-  thy itself was on trial, and taking the witness'
tion of the homceopathic practice, he has  stand, was subjected to a long, close and
experienced a satisfaction which he had never searching examination and cross-examination
known before.  Leaving Nunda the year by Edwin M. Stanton, the late War Secreafter his conversion to the new system, he  tary, and by numerous experts.  The disaremoved to Pittsburg, where he was intro- greement of the jury disposed of the case,
duced to Dr. G. Reichhelm, who extended to  and the prosecution was never renewed.
him  a cordial welcome, and with whom he    Dr. Dake is more than an enthusiast in his
labored with delight until the day of his  profession.  His large and comprehensive
death.                                     views, his deeply-seated convictions, his great
In an address before the American Insti-  success, and his earnest contests for homceotute of Homceopathy, during its session in  pathy, have given him  prominence in the
Washington city, in I856, his treatment of  public mind, and caused his name to be held
homceopathy, as the embodiment of a corn- in reverence by his brethren.  During  the



342                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
past eight years he has been incapacitated  rosive mercury and it recovered.  In another
from business, being laid aside by infirmities. case a little girl, suffering from almost total
His interest in the progress of his favorite  paralysis of the brain, was regarded as bescience continues unabated.                yond aid by three old school physicians.  He
gave her cuprum and she recovered. Then
he began to have faith in the doctrine of
similia similibsus curanlur, while his success
HAW, SAMUEL, M. D., of Pal- caused his hands to be full of business, and
mer, Mass., was born in Carver, gained for him a call, on the outbreak of the
Plymouth county, in the same  war, to go to Alexandria, Va., as a contract
State, on July 3d, I803.  He  physician.  He felt impelled to serve his
comes of a line of farmers, descended from  country, went and remained for two years.
the earliest settlers in New England.  He  The seed he had sown at home resulted in
was educated at Midclleborough and Sand- the settlement there of Dr. J. R. Warren, a
wich Academies.  I-Ie studied medicine un- homceopathist, who now has a fine practice.
der Arad. Thompson, M. D., of Middlebor- Dr. Shaw is an ardent advocate of homceoough, Mass., for eighteen months; then with  pathy, and only regrets that age does not
Samuel A. Shurtleff, M. D., of Boston, for permit him to engage in more active practice.
two years, and graduated at Cambridge in  He is a man of decided religious views, and
the class of I826.                         has been a member of the Baptist Church
He practised in his native town for three  since January, I834.
years, and removed to Albany, N. Y., in    For years he was a silent partner in the
I829.  He distinguished himself during the  iron founding house of Savery, Shaw & Co.,
cholera season three years later, received  of Albany, and Savery & Co., of Philadelphia.
pecuniary recognition of his efforts fiom the
city, and the appointment of Almshouse Physician.  In  I837, he went to Wareham,.           OOLEY, GEORGE PITKIN, M.
Mass., and practised for sixteen years, suc-          D., of New Britain, Conn., was
ceeding so well that his engagements taxed            born in Manchester, in that State,
the endurance of three horses. During this            on November 28th, I830.  He is
time he was a violent allopath.            the son of the late Dr. William  Cooley, a
Retiring in I852, he travelled with his well-known physician, who practised  for
family for three years, for the benefit of his thirty-five years in Hartford county, and a
wife's health, who was given over to death  grandson of the late Dr. SamuelCooley, of
by allopathy, but now lives, restored by hom-  Bolton, Conn.  He is a descendant in a dioeopatby. In New Britain, Conn., he met rect line firom  the Pitkins, being a greatDr. Ishalm, a convert to homceopathy, and  grandson of Governor William Pitkin, who
was induced by him to investigate the new  governed the colony of Connecticut in I776.
system, obtaining for the purpose Jahr's new  After receiving a good general education, he,
"Manual,"  and a dozen leading remedies. at fourteen years of age, entered the drug
In I855, he settled in Monson, and amused  store of his uncle, Dr. A. A. Cooley.  He
and improved his health by cultivating with  becamue a student in the office of Dr. C. A.
his own hands some five acres of land. The  Taft, of Hartford, in I85o, and applied himphysicians of the neighborhood, finding that self vigorously to acquire a knowledge of the
he was an old and retired practitioner, called  theory and practice of medicine.  He athinm in consultation in dangerous cases. The  tended lectures at the New York Medical
first was that of a child two years old, suffer- College, and subsequently at the Homceopaing fiom secondary scarlatina; it had been  thic Medical College in Philadelphia, where
given over to death. He administered cor- he graduated in I854.



344                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
OTY, HYLEN, M. D., of Canan-  from the inability of friends to sustain it, and
daigua, N. Y., was born in the  in consequence of the intrigues of the enemies
-     town of Northeast, Dutchess  to the asylum, it was eventually abandoned.
county, N. Y., July Igth, 1817. On the failure of his efforts in this direction,
After the preliminary  studies which took  he once more removed to Rochester, N. Y.,
place at Hamilton, Madison county, N. Y., remaining there, however, a few months only.
he matriculated  at Hamilton  College, in  He finally settled at Canandaigua, N. V., in
I840, leaving that institution at the com- which place he still resides.  He was elected
mencement of the Sophomore year, he en- a member of the American Institute of Hotered the office of Dr. E. A. Monger of  mceopathy in the year 1869.
Waterville, Oneida county, in  the  above    In reviewing this short biographical notice
named State, where he remained studying  of Dr. Doty, we cannot fail to be struck with
medicine under the able tuition of that gen-  his long and varied career, the usefulness of
tleman for three years.  Having finished his  which is manifested by his extensive practice
course with Dr. Monger as an allopathic  in his various residences, and his benevolent
physician, he became in I844 a partner of  efforts for the establishment of the asylum
Dr. Arial Norton, of Vernon, N. Y., which  for the insane.
connection lasted four years, their practice
being homceopathic.  In I849, he went to
San Francisco, Cal., having the credit of
being the first homceopathic physician to            ULSIFER, MOSES RUST, M. D.,
establish himself in that city.  After having          of Ellsworth, Me., was born in
enjoyed a successful and remunerative prac-            Poland (then district of Maine),
tice, he returned to the east in the year I852,        October 9th, 1799.  His parents
and in the following year entered the Eclectic  were natives of Cape Ann, Gloucester county,
Medical College  at Cincinnati, O., fi-om  Mass.  I-Ie attended five full courses of mediwhich institution he received his diploma. cal lectures at Dartmouth, N. H., and BowHaving thus devoted a period of thirteen  doin College, Maine, from I820 to I823, and
years to the attainment of the medical skill graduated at the latter college as doctor in
for which he afterwards had a reputation, he  medicine.   After pursuing the study and
determined to settle at Baldwinsville N. VY., practice of the allopathic school over thirty
in which place he practised four years.  He  years, he went to New York, and attended a
next removed to Roxbury, N. V., residing in  six months' course of lectures at the Academy
that town sixteen years.  Here he signalized  of Medicine, the Eye and Ear Infirmary, and
himself by establishing the first asylum  for New York hospitals.  He became satisfied
the treatment of the insane on homceopathic  of the truth of homceopathy, by witnessing
principles.  The charter of this asylum was  the treatment of a case of scrofulous ophgranted by the New York Legislature, April thalmia in a small homoeopathic infirmary in
28th, I869.  He was associated as trustee of  New York. On his return to Maine, he was
this institution with the Hon. John Ferris, the  persuaded by Drs. Dodge and Clark, of PortHon. Daniel  Roland, Martin  Morrison, land, to adopt homoeopathic practice, and
George G. Decker, and William  E. Ten-  resume his profession as a physician, which
brook, Esqs., who were appointed by the  he had resolved to relinquish in consideration
legislature.  This philanthropic  institution  of loss of confidence in allopathic practice.
was klnown as the Margretsville Retreat for He has from  that time earnestly devoted
the Insane, and full reports relating to its himself to the practice of the new  school
useful and beneficent transactions were pub-  system, with increasing satisfaction, and often
lished in I868 and I869, amongst the records  with profound astonishment, as he has witof the State Medical Society.  Unfortunately  nessed the results of the simple medicines.



346                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP-EDIA  OF
France, and took him with him to Marseilles. county, N. Y.  During this year, on the 27th
Here he commenced the study of medicine  day of May, he was married to Miss Nettie
at the Allopathic College.  After two years  Scott.
of application to his studies, his father and he    In Pittsford, Dr. Thompson has established
returned to the United States, giving up the  a practice, reaching, if not exceeding his
study of medicine and his plans for practice  highest expectations, and by his successful
for several years.  He then settled in Columr- application of the principles of homceopathy
bus, Ga., about the year I836, and having be- and unquestionable skill, has won a most
come convinced that the system of homceopa- favorable reputation.
thy was all its followers claimed it to be,
turnned his attention once more to his medical
studies.
A man of strong prejudices and opposed             ECK,  EDWIN   H., M. D., of
to change, he spent some years in investigat-  t        Cleveland, O., was born in the
ing the new system, and when finally satisfied  -.   town of Woodbury, Conn., Octoof the truth and the completeness of the sys- -         ber 22nd, I840. He early evinced
tem, fully adopted it, and remained ever after a thirst for knowledge, and desiring to obtain
a true and firm  advocate of its principles. a collegiate education, he left home at the age
He attended the courses of lectures in the  of sixteen to seek by his own efforts the
homceopathic colleges of New  York  and  means of entering college.
Philadelphia, and received his diploma, in    Convinced that his success depended on
I86o.  Returning to Columbus, Ga., he prac- self-exertion, he applied himself to teaching
tised but two years before his decease on the  school in the winter, and working through the
8th of December, I862.                      summer, and by the aid of that economy,
which is often so successfully practised in
New England, he accumulated in a year funds
sufficient to warrant his entering Baldwin
I-i O M P S O N,  C H A R L E S  University, Berea, O.  Here he made great
HENRY, M. D., of Pittsford, progress, his close application to his studies
I   Monroe county, N. Y., was born  while at home having fitted him for rapid imlin Pittstown, Rensselaer county, provement, and lie was well advanced in a
N. Y., on the 7th day of January, I842.     thorough classical course, when the late war
He was favored with the advantages of a  caused him to leave college, thus for a time
thorough educational course, upon the comi- abandoning his studies.
pletion of which he becaume a student of me-   In I864, having determined to study as a
dcicine under the instruction of Dr. William  profession the science of medicine, he, ill
M.. Gwynn, of Throopville, Cayuga county, order to secure the necessary means, engaged
N. Y.  His preliminary studies under Dr. in the manufacture of carriage work, in which
Gwynn were prosecuted in a most systematic  employment he labored for one year and a
and  thorough  manner, giving by his un- half, occupying himself during his leisure tmowearied application indubitable evidence of ments in reading medicine.
his love for the study in which he was en-    After disposing of his interest in this manngaged.                                      factory, he entered the office of Drs. BeckHe attended two full courses of lectures at with and Schneider, Cleveland, O., where he
the HomIceopathic Medical College of Penn- applied himself to the study of medicine, at,ylvania, and fiom which he graduated, in  the same time attending the lectures of the
I867.  Upon receiving his degree, he located  Cleveland Homceopathic College, from which
himself in Clayville, Oneida county, N. Y. he afterwards graduated with high honors.
In I869, he removed to Pittsford, Monroe  He entered at once upon the active duties of



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               347
his profession, for which his constant applica- than twelve years old, leaving him alone ilI
tion of principles to practice during his college  Cincinnati, utterly destitute and with little or
course so eminently qualified him.          no  education.  Such  unfavorable  circumHe immediately established himself at Vin- stances were sufficient to damp the energies
cennes, Ind., where he soon became the pos- of the boy, and perhaps would have done so,
sessor of a large and lucrative practice.   had he not been assisted by some generous
Here he suffered from the malaria preva- and devoted ladies, who tookl him in charge,
lent in this district, and learned to treat with  and, eventually, procured employment for him
success intermittent fevers, and kindred dis- in the house of a member of the Society of
eases, according to the law of similars.    Friends.
In I867, he was appointed Examining Sur-    From  his own statement, he appears to
geon to the Bureau of Pensions, which posi- have been treated with considerable harshtion he held for four years, when he was re- ness by this gentleman, and left him after removed by Dr. Van Aermam, Commissioner maining two years in his employ.
of Pensions, for no other reason than that Dr.    His adventurous nature led him to join the
Peck was a homcopathist.  Hon. J. H. Baker 5th Ohio Regiment of Volunteers, at Camp
succeeding Dr. Van Aernam, Dr. Peck was Wool, about six miles from Cincinnati.  This
soon restored to his position, and held this regiment, under the command of Colonel
appointment until he left Vincennes. I-e had  WVilliam Irwin, was on the eve of starting for
previously married Miss Mattie M. Bucking-  Mexico, and, a suitable position having been
ham, a graduate of Baldwin University, a found for the lad, he served with it till the
lady of good judgment and rare culture. close of the war.
During the same year (I868),.he became a    After his discharge, he made earnest efforts
member of the American Institute of Homce- to improve his education, and with very crediopathy.  In June, I872, he removed to Cleve- table results, considering the circumstances
land, O., and became the successor of his of the case.
former instructor, Dr. Beckwith, and partner    Again his love of adventure led him  to
of Dr. B. P. Brown.  Here he was cordially  wander.  He went to the far West, and lived
welcomed by his friends, and soon after re- among the mountains, trapping and hunting,
ceived a flattering proof of their esteem  in  seeking for gold, or acting as a scout, until h.
being appointed Secretary of the Cleveland  was dangerously wounded by the Indians at
Academy of Medicine and Surgery.            the battle of Blue Water. A rifle ball fractured
Dr. Peck is not only an earnest and faithful his skull, and left him apparently dead on the
physician, and a scholar of the progressive  field.  But his strong constitution saved him;
type, but also a Christian gentleman, being  he recovered and returned  to  the States,
an active member of the Methodist Episcopal where he commenced the study of medicine
Church.                                     under the tuition of Drs. A. L. and I. L.
Dunns.  Before he had completed his course,
the war of the Rebellion broke out, and impelled by his excitement loving spirit, he. UTHERFORD,  COMFORT  E., joined  the United States Army, gallantly
MI. D., of Peru, Ind., was born at serving in the ranks until wounded at the
Frewsburg, N.Y., May 3rd, I833. battle of Relacka-Gorga.  The wound was
His great-grandfather emigrated  operated on by Professor Marsh, who saved
to America at an early period in the history  his arm by extracting two inches of the bone,
of this country, having served under Arnold, though leaving it in a crippled condition.
when he made his famous trip through the    He now recommenced his medical studies,
woods during the French and Indian war.    pursuing a course of lectures at Anarfy, Mich.,
His parents died when he was no more  and afterwards completed them at the Eclectic



348                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
Medical College of Cincinnati, where he gra-  ern Homceopathic College of Cleveland, O.,
duated, in 1866.                            in the class of I856-'57.  After graduating,
He has practised homneopathy with great he commenced practice in a village, near to
success in Kansas, Lafayette, Ind., and for Providence, and continued there for several
four years and a half in his present residence, years, eventually removing, in June, I867, to
Peru, Ind.                                  that city, where he occupies a high position in
The life of Dr. Rutherford suggests the re- his profession, enjoying the confidence of his
flection, that, with determination and perse- patrons, and the respect and esteem  of his
verance, backed by native talent, much may  professional brethren.
be accomplished under very untoward cir-    He was married on January Ist, 1849, to
cunmstances.  That roving spirit which would  Olive S. Beedlong, of Cranston, R. I.
on first thoughts appear adverse to medical    He was elected a member of the Hahne
study, in reality served him, for, during his mann Institute of Medicine, of Philadelphia,
adventurous life, he has suffered and seen  in 1859, and is a member of the American
others suffer-on the hunting grounds or the  Institute of Hommcopathy.
battle field-many wounds whose treatment    During the war, he joined the 5th Regiafforded him  a natural course of clinics, ment of the 4th Brigade Rhode Island Militia
which he might not so readily have found in  as Assistant Surgeon, his commission being
the hospitals.  He now appreciates the ad- issued in November, I863, and he maintained
vantages of the experience thus dearly bought. that connection until the regimental organization was discontinued.
In public affairs he is not an active participant, his tastes leading him to an assiduous
a  AWIN, ISAAC  WV., M. D., of and unremitting attention to the legitimate
Providence, R. I., was born in  duties of his profession.  In him homceopathy
Dover, Norfolk county, Mass., on  has a zealous and successfnl champion.
December 30oth, 1823. Ile is a
lineal descendant of John Sawin, who emigrated from Boxford, Suffolk county, England,
about the year 1649, to Watertown, Mass.,            ICE, NATHANIEL, BROWN, M.
where he held several offices of trust; his son        D., of East Saginla, Mich., was
was the co-laborer of Elliott, "the Apostle to         born at Parish, Oswego county,
the Indians."  After receiving a sound gene-            N. Y., October 29th, 1829.  He
ral education, the subject of this sketch en- is the son of Nathaniel, and a lineal descengaged in various pursuits until after his thir-  lant from  Eclmund, born  in England, in
tieth year, when he began reading medicine  I594, who reached Massachusetts, in 1638.
under the superintendence  of Dr. P. T. The old homestead has never passed from,
Bowen, of Providence, a brother and also  and is now owned by the family.
preceptor of James B. Bowen, M. D., of Ma-    Nathaniel was educated in private schools;
dison, Wis. He was prompted to this course  entered Falley Seminary, in 1849; studied
through sickness.  Being  attacked with a  medicine with A. C. Livingston, M.D., of
troublesome and dangerous bronchial affec- Fulton, N. Y., in I85I-'54; at Buffalo Medition, he placed himself under Dr. Bowen's  cal School, in I852-'53; at Albany, in 1853care, was treated by him homceopathically and'54, and was graduated that June, and immecured.  Thereupon he determined upon seek-  diately commenced practice at Fulton, N. V.,
ing to aid the sick and suffering by the same  in partnership with A. C. Livingston for three
system which had been so successful in his years.  In I857, he built the Fulton Gas
own case. In due course of time he com-  Works, and sold them the next year; holding
pleted his studies, and graduated at the West-  control until 1862.  He attended Bellevue






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HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               349
Medical School, New York city, in I862; he returned to Berlin, and met with his former
settled at Saginaw city, Mich., in I863; and  fellow student and friend, Dr. C. W. Stieler,
for two years was engaged in the salt and  who by that time had become a homceopath.
lumber business; sold out; espoused home- By the remarkable success attending his treatopathy; and removed to East Saginaw, Mich., ment, Dr. Stieler convinced him of the supein I857.  He was in practice with Dr. A. B. riority of the homceopathic system, and he at
Spinney for two years, and since then has  once commenced its study.  After a very thopractised alone.  His time is now  divided  rough investigation and proving of its prinhetween his practice and chemical manufac-  ciples, he himself adopted it in his practice.
tures.  The latter will soon demand his un- Laboring in Berlin, he soon acquired an exdivided attention. As an allopathist, Dr. Rice  tensive patronage, the greater part of his pawas a member of the Oswego County, New  trons coming from the highest classes of so
York State, and American Medical Associa-  ciety, even princes and members of the royal
tions, and is a member of the American In- family being included among his patients.
stitute of Homceopathy.  He married Helen  King Frederic William  IV. consulted him
M. Parker, August 22nd, 1854, and has one  several times, and honored him with a present
son.  Politically he has been a constant Re-  of a valuable breastpin.  He made the persopublican, and was Surgeon of the 48th New  nal acquaintance of Hahnemann in Kcelben,
York Regiment.                              in I833, and afterwards of the most prominent homceopathic physicians of the day.
_- _o                      With a good many of the latter he became intimately associated, particularly with Rummel,
FISIG,  GOTTLOB   ADOLPH, jMoritz Muiller, Haubold, Gross, Stapf, and
M. D., of New  York city, was  Wolf.  In I840, when the Homceopathische
born  in  Weissensee, Province  Central-Verein met in Berlin, he occupied the
Tlii ingen, Germany, on  June  honoring position of President, being elected
9th, 1799.  His father, Johann  Benjamin  for that office at the annual meeting of I839.
Reisig, was a practising physician, Medical in Leipzig.
Attendant of the Governmental Court, and at    The great exertions and the fatiguing labors
times Mayor of the city.  He received an ex- attendant upon his extensive practice in Bercellent education, the early part of it from a lin began at last to tell upon his health, which
private tutor.  In 1813, he went to the Gym- failed to a degree rendering it necessary for
nasium, or college, at Weimar.  He studied  him to enjoy a lengthened vacation. His love
medicine, from  I817 to I823, in the Univer-  for republican institutions prompted him  to
sities of Jena and Berlin. During this period, visit America, and he received from his perthat is in I820, he discharged his military du- sonal friend and patient, Mr. Theodore Tay,
ties as a Prussian by a voluntary service of  at that time Secretary of the United States
one year in Berlin.  From  the University of  Legation at the Court of Berlin, letters of inBerlin he received his degree of Doctor of  troduction to friends in New York.  After
Medicine and Surgery, on September Igth, travelling through the States for some time,
1823, after having finished his examinations, he returned to New York, wvhere he was perand publicly, in the Latin language, defended  suaded by several fiiends to settle.  Immehis dissertation, " De Ventriculi in Cavo Tho-  diately he got into a good practice, which inracis situ congenito," with his thesis.  In the  creased steadily, and it soon reached very
winter of I823-'24, he passed his State exa-  large proportions.  In spite of his advanced
minations with the highest credit, and went age, he still continues to answer professional
to Nebra, a small town in the Province of  calls, and his reputation stands higher than
Thiiringen, where he practised as an allopa- ever among the best classes of society.
thic physician for about eight years. In I832,    His literary labors have not been extensive,



350                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPA;DIA OF
partly in consequence of the engrossing cha-  can boast, his native acuteness, sound judgracter of his professional duties, and partly iment, and good sense have supplied its place
owing to a disinclination for literary composi- as his large and constant practice fully prove.
tion. His published writings have been restricted to his "Dissertatio Inauguralis de
Ventriculi in Cavo Thoracis situ congenito,"
valuable by reason of its pathological-anato-'     MALL, EDWARD  PAYSON, M.
mical features, and several shorter contribu-          D., of Philadelphia, Pa., was born
tions in the European medical journals, such   l       in Portland, Me., the 23rd day of
as Hafeanzd's 7yournal, Ve;remeyer-'s 7a;zr-           May, IS839.
1/iicker, and Allemeine HomanojtaltiscAe Zei-    His literary and preparatory education was
tzz'g.                                      obtained in his native city. During the earA thorough scholar and a physician of far lier as well as the latter years of his educamore than ordinary attainments and experi- tional course, he evinced a decided fondness
ence, Dr. Reisig is held in peculiar estimation  for study, and more especially for the sciences.
by the profession.                          Endowed with a keen perception and a retentive memory, together with a force of character and will, which will acknowledge no barrier sufficiently strong to make efforts fruitless,
REED, DR. SIMEON   R., of  he made his way irresistibly and successfully
Du Quoin, Ills., was born in Bru- from one grade to another, through the brantus, Onondaga  county, N. Y., ches of his education.  His innate love for
June I7th, I822.  He is the son  the sciences, naturally led him  toward the
of Thomas Breed, of Jamestown, N. Y., who  close of his educational course to a favorable
can trace his ancestry back to I6oI.  Allen  consideration of the science of medicine. No
Breed, the founder of the family, settled in  wider or more desirable field seemed opon to
Salem, Mass., in I630.                      him, and he decided to enter that profesForce of circumstances obliged him to be  sion.
content with a limited education, which was    In accordance with that determination, imconducted in a log hut, and terminated on his mediately upon the close of his literary course,
reaching  the  age of fifteen.  On  leaving  he entered the office of Dr. C. H. Burr, of
school, he learned the trade of millwright Portland, Me., and pursued his medical stuand machinist, at which he labored till the  dies with his customary zeal in whatever he
year 1855, when he commenced the study of undertook.  In I864, he matriculated at the
medicine, which lie continued for three or Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylfour years with such success, that he found  vania, at which institution, two years later, he
himself competent to begin practice as an  had conferred upon him the degree of M. D.
eclectic physician, in I859.  He soon, how- At the time of his graduation, the subject of
ever, became dissatisfied with the results of  his thesis was: "The Influence of the Soul
this system of treatment, and, in I860, began  upon the Body," which he handled very ably,
the study of homceopathy, this latter school and in a manner deserving the highest comappearing to him so much superior to the for- mendation.
mer, that he'resolved to adopt it exclusively    He located at once in Philadelphia, and
in his future treatment of diseases, and has  commenced the practice of homceopathy. In
continued to do so down to the present day.   1872, he was married to a lady of rare culDr. Breed is a man much respected in the  ture  and  acquirements, who  is favorably
town in which he resides, and its vicinity, and  known in literary circles.  Dr. Small, during
though not having enjoyed all the advantages  the years of his practice in Philadelphia, has
of education.of which many other physicians  been eminently successful in his efforts to pro



HOMICEOPATHIC  PHY-ISICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          35I
pagate the principles of homceopathy, and  rectors voted her a donation of great liberality
has earned an excellent reputation.         in addition to her regular salary.
His religious views are those peculiar to    When the war of the Rebellion commenced,
the New, or S'wedenborgian Church, whose  she left the Home to accompany the 7th New
doctrines are derived from  the writings of  York Regiment to care for its wounded.
Emanuel Swedenborg.                         Months passing without her services being
He is a thoughtful reader of these writings, needed, she accompanied a younger sister to
and an ardent receiver of the doctrines therein  Rushford, Minn.  ITere she soon acquired a
contained, and has done very much in his  high reputation as a skilfil and successful
intercourse with patients and friends to bring  practitioner, and a wide spread practice exthem to their notice.                       tending for many miles around her home.
In i866, she was married to Colonel WV.
G. Wheaton, then of Illinois, and soon removed with her husband to Michigan. She
has preserved a good and successful practice
HEATON, MRS. \V. G., M. D., to the present time.
of Kalamazoo, Mich., whose mai-    Mrs. Wheaton is a warm friend of her sex,
den name was Laura M. Wheeler, liberal in sentiment, willing to give to every
was born in the town of Lyndon, one a just measure for all that is good and
Vt., May 8th, I829.  Like many other New  true.  She is, nevertheless, conservative in
England girls, she was early thrown upon  her views, and decidedly opposed to the vaher own resources. Obtaining byher unaided  garies of woman suffrage, and what are called
exertions a good literary education, she be-  Woman's Rights.  She is so decided in her
came a successful teacher in the schools and  antagonism to these and their concurrent evils,
seminaries of Vermont and other States. At that she has delivered public lectures in oppothe age of twenty-four, she was married to  sition to them.  Her arguments have been
Mr. William H. Fairchild, of New  Haven, pronounced unanswerable.  One given before
Conn., and was left a widow in less than two  the Illinois Constitutional Convention resulted
years.  Resuming teaching, she became the  in changing the views of many of its memprincipal of a female seminary in Jerseyville, bers, and in causing a reversal of their preIlls., where she remained until the failure of  vious action on the question of woman sufher health compelled her to return to the  frage.
East.  She then commenced the study of medicine with Wm. B. Chamberlin, M. D., of
Keene, N. H.; attended her first course of
lectures at the New England Female Medical          - IGGAR, HAMILTON  F., A. B.,
College of Boston, and finished her medical       q    M. D., of Cleveland, O., was born
studies at the Penn Medical University of              in Oakville, Province of Ontario,
Philadelphia, where she graduated with high            Canada, March I5th, I839.  He
honors, in I859.  Immediately after graduat-  received his early education in Brantford.
ing, she accepted the position of Resident Subsequently entering for matriculation at the
Physician of an institution in New York city  University of Victoria College, he successfiully
for the treatment of diseases of women. pursued  his studies there, and graduated,
While there, her popularity and success in her receiving the degree of A. B., in I863.  His
practice were such, that the managers of the  first choice of a profession was of the law.
Home for the Friendless secured her services  For more than a year he studied in the office
as Matron and Resident Physician of that of John Cameron, Esq., of Brantford, during
noble institution.  Her success as a physician  which time he attended lectures, and passed
in this new sphere was so great, that the di- his examination at Osgoode Hall, Toronto.



352                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
While in the office of Mr. Cameron, yielding  College of Chicago.  ITe there attended two
to his stronger predilections for surgery and  courses of lectures, and graduated March
medicine, he abandoned his first choice, and  20oth,  873.  Immediately afterward he redevoted himself to his second, by becoming  paired to his field of labor at Mount Vernon,
a student in the Homceopathic Hospital Col-  Ills., where he will in the future reside.
lege in Cleveland, O. His selection of this
college was determined by a careful examination of the several systems. On his graduation he received the appointment of Adjunct          HOMAS, WILLIAM  H., M. D.,
Professor of the chair of Surgery, a high              of  Mount  Morris, Livingston
compliment to his ability.  Two years later            county, N. Y., was born at Anhe was called upon to fill the chair of Ana-            gelica, Allegheny county, N. V.,
tomy.  His success in these two departments  March ISt, I812.  He lived upon the farm
was such that he received, only four years  with his father, attending  school in  the
after his graduation, the appointment of Pro- winter, until fourteen years of age, and then
fessor of Clinical and Operative Surgery, began a regular course of study under the
which office he now holds. The duties of his  tuition of Rev. Moses EIunter; under his exchair require him  to  operate before his  cellent supervision he acquired a good Engclasses.  Dr. Biggar has also held the office  lish education and a knowledge of Greek and
of Registrar, and, during the present year, Latin.  In accordance with the wishes of his
has been elected Vice-President of the State  father and of Mr. Hunter, he then began to
Homceopathic Society.                       prepare himself for the Presbyterian ministry;
Apart from his collegiate duties, Dr. Big- but after a few months' study, convinced
gar has enjoyed, during several years, an  that that was not his proper sphere, he offered
extensive and valuable practice.  His surgi- himself to pay a part of his expenses by teachcal talents are not, howvever, confined to a  ing, if allowed to drop theology and study
local field; his conceded skill being called  medicine; his father accepted the proposition,
for in various parts of the country.  He has  and he accordingly entered the office of
been the earnest and persevering advocate of  Henry Fawcett, A. M., M. D.  He remained
reformatory measures in medical education.   with him two years, defraying his expenses
by teaching a Latin and grammar class.  He
then engaged as teacher in a school at Hornallsville for six months, and boarded with
REED, GEORGE H., Jr., M. D., Dr. Kelley, continuing his studies under his
of  Mount  Vernon,  Jefferson  direction.  He afterwards entered the office
county, Ills., was born in Buf- of Dr. C. B. Case, at Belmont, as a practising
falo, N. Y., March Ioth, I85I. student, and in a year and a half earned
Ile is the son of Dr. Simeon R. Breed, for money enough to attend lectures at the Fairmany years a practitioner in New York State  field Medical College in I833-'34; previous
and the West.  With  such influences at to this, however, he passed an examination
home, and with a great natural fondness for by the Censors of the Allegheny County
the study, it was to be expected that Mr. Medical Society, and received from them  a
Breed should incline to the medical profes-  State diploma.  In April, I834, he married
sion.  His education was of a superior order. Miss Charlotte M. B. Smith, and soon after
He first attended the best select schools, and  located at Cuba, Allegheny county, where he
afterwards the academies, until he was of the  remained four years, making many friends
proper age to commence a college course. and establishing a good reputation. In I838,
Under the guidance of his father he then  he was induced to remove to Mount Morris,
prepared himself to enter the Hahnemann  Livingston county, N. Y., where he now re



HOMCEOPATI-IIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             353
sides. In I846, he was appointed Health being so common in his day as now; and in
Officer of the town, which office he continued  connection with this business he kept a counto fill twelve years.  In I854, he delivered a try store.  The subject of this sketch was the
lecture before the Livingston County Medical third of four children, two of whom are dead.
Society, in which he condemned the use of  After the death of his father, in 1825, and the
cathartics in typhoid fever; this gave rise to a settlement of his estate, his mother found herspirited discussion, the result of which was  self without any means of support other than
a reform  in the treatment of the disease in  her own efforts, and with four young children
that locality.                              on her hands.  She, however, was no ordiIn I856, as he was returning with a friend  nary woman. She not only succeeded in
friom a pleasure walk, he was called in to see  supporting them, and in giving them  the
a child suffering from a sudden and severe  advantages of a common school education,
attack of cholera infantum; the mother, who but at her death, in I863, left a handsome
was greatly alarmed, insisted upon his imme-  estate.  For about twenty years she followed
diately administering something for its relief; the calling of a nurse.  At fourteen years of
he called for a glass of water, and putting  age the subject of this sketch left home with
into it about half a grain of ipecac., the only  fifty dollars in his pocket —his own earnings
medicine he had with him, he ordered a tea- -to attend school at Wilbraham Academy;
spoonful to be given every twenty minutes  thence he proceeded to Warren Academy,
until he returned, intending by this means to  Woburn; thence to Gilmanton Academy, N.
pacify the mother until he  could obtain  H.  In  I839, he was engaged at Fortress
proper remedies; on his return he was sur-  Monroe as teacher of a private school, his
prised to find the child quietly sleeping, not pupils being the children of the officers of
having vTomited after the second dose. This  the post, chiefly, and his school-room one of
incident led to his earnestly studying the  the casemates of the fort.
homceopathic system, to which he finally be-    While teaching at Fortress Monroe, circumcame a convert.                             stances and taste led him  to the study of
In I858, while out gunning with a friend, medicine, which he commenced and continby an accident he received a charge of shot ued for two years, under the guidance of
in his hands and face, and his sight was to- Surgeon C. A. Finley, of the United States
tally destroyed.  This accident was not only  Army.  In the meantime he had been sea severe trial and an irreparable loss to the  lected by Daniel Webster as one of the young
doctor, but in truth a public calamity, deeply  men from Massachusetts to attend the medifelt by the whole community.                cal lectures of Columbia College, free.  AcIn I868, Dr. Thomas received a diploma  cordingly he went to Washington in the fall
from the Cleveland Homceopathic College; of I840, placed himself in the office of Prohe is at present associated with Dr. H. M. fessor Samuel Sewell, and attended his first
Dayfoot, and gives his special attention to the  course of lectures that winter.  For the next
treatment of chronic diseases.              two years, when not in Washington, he was
pursuing his studies under the instruction of
Dr. Jonathan Prescott, of Pittsfield, N. H.
He graduated from Columbia College in the.IRRELL,  NORTON  QUINCY, spring of I842, in one of the largest classes
5M. D., of East Weymouth, Mass., that ever left that institution.
was born in Weymouth, in that   In the May following his graduation he
State, on November 20th, I8I7. was elected a Fellow  of the Massachusetts
He is descended from one of the oldest fam- Medical Society, and having, on the I2th of
ilies.  His father, Norton Tirrell, was for that month, taken to wife Susan Jane French,
many years a shoe manufacturer, boots not of Loudon, N. HI., daughter of the Hon.
23



354                   3BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAL-DIA  OF
Samuel French, he located in Sutton, Mass.,           ILEY, HENRY AUGUSTUS, M.
and commenced practice. He found himself                D., of Montrose, Pa., was born in
a competitor of Dr. John S. C. H. Smith, a   i          the city of New York, on Novemson of Professor Nathan Smith, of Hanover,              ber 2Ist, I80I. His parents were
N. H., and of one other physician.  They  both natives of Middlesex county, Conn., and
showed considerable  disposition  to  starve  of English extraction.  Having received a
him  out; but, notwithstanding their opposi-  good primary education, he became a student
tion, he remained in the village until the fol- of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadellowing September, meeting with fair success. phia, and graduated in the Classical DepartThen, at the advice of some friends, he re-  ment in I820.  He then entered the law
moved to Sharon and took up a practice, office of the late Horace Binney, of Phila(delvacant by the death of Dr. Stone, who had  phia, but after prosecuting his studies for a
been the only physician in the town for more  few months, he was persuaded, on recovering
than fifty years.  He remained there for ten  friom a very severe attack of inflammation of
years, doing during the whole of that time  the lungs, to turn his attention to medicine.
most of the business of the steadily growning  He accordingly became a private student of
town; his practice extending to the neighbor-  Dr. N. Chapman, then Professor of the Instiing towns, particularly Canton, Walpole and  tutes and Practice of Medicine in the PennSouth Dedham.  Then, after enjoying a rest sylvania University, and graduated in the
of three months, he, in January, I852, re-  Medical Department of that institution in
turned to his native town, where he has now   i825.  Subsequently he practised for four
resided for over twenty years.  He is its  years in New York, associating with several
oldest and leading physician.               physicians who afterwards became prominent
Soon after commencing practice in Wey-  in the early annals of homceopathy in that
mouth, Dr. Tirrell was prevailed upon by a  city, among them John F. Gray, M. D., and
friend-Dr. E. T. Learned-now  of Fall  Hans B. GramL.  At the expiration of that
River. but then of Weymouth, to investigate  time he was drawn to the ministry, and early
homceopathy.  From  that physician he re- in I829 entered the Theological Seminary at
ceived different remedies for the purpose of  Princeton, N. J., to prepare therefor.  Gradexperiment, with full explanation as to their  uating- in I832, he married Emma V. Smith,
action.  Noting carefully the results, as re-  of Chester county, Pa., and in the fall of that
quested, Dr. Tirrell soon became convinced  year entered upon the Presbyterian ministry
and converted, and his faith has since grown  in Pittsburg, where his labors resulted in the
stronger from year to year. At first his con-  organization of the Third Presbyterian Church
version caused a slight check to his popular- of that place.  The following year he took
ity, but his patients soon learned with him to  charge of what was then known as the Eighth
appreciate the better way, and his business  Avenue Presbyterian Church, of New York.
grew  in volume much more rapidly than  In I839, he was called to Montrose as Pastor
before.                                     of the First Presbyterian Church, a position
Dr. Tirrell is a remarkably conscientious  he held for twenty-five years, when declining
and attentive physician, and being a close  health necessitated his resignation.
student and an able man, he has been singu-    While residing in New York his attention
larly successful in his treatment of disease.   had been directed to homeopathy, and an
He still continues a Fellow of the Massa- examination of its claims had convinced him
chusetts Medical Society, notwithstanding his  of their validity.  I-le had therefore adoptedl
conversion.  He is about to become a mem- the system in the treatment of the members
ber of the Massachusetts Homceopathic So- of his own family.  On resigning his pastorciety.                                      ate he was strongly urged by his friends to
return to the practice of medicine, and deter



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             355
mined to do so, though as a homceopath. the time of his death. The subject of the
There were at the time six or more allopathic  sketch, Dr. O. J. Peck, was entered at the
physicians in the village and one homceopath, district school, where he remained until he
a convert front the old school. In conse- was about fifteen years old, when he entered
quence of poor health Dr. Riley confined  the Latin class of Columbia Boarding School
himself to the limits of the borough, within  to prepare for the study of medicine. This
which he secured an encouraging portion of he commenced under the direction of his
the practice.  Gradually, however, his health  stepfather, with whom  he studied for two
compelled him to discontinue a practice the  years, during which time the irregular habits
superiority of which was more clearly demon- of Dr. Chadwick threw much responsibility
strated by each day's experience, and in I869  upon him, and the knowledge and experience
he retired altogether.                     thus obtained proved of great value to him in
His first wife dying in 1843, he married, after life.  In his nineteenth year he left
in I845, Blendence Miller, daughter of a home, and entering the Medical Department
well-known physician of Truxton, N. Y.     of Yale College, attended the course of lectures in that institution during the winter of
1 836 -'37.
While awaiting the reopening of college,
ARDEE, WALTER, M. D., of he entered into partnership with  Dr. H.
New BYork, was born in Sharon, Perry, of Armenia, Dutchess county, N. Y.,
Conn., on the 25th day of Sep- and continued to study and practice until the
tember, 1822. After attaining to  commencementof the lecture termof I837-'38,
manhood, he was attracted to the study of  when he entered the Medical Department of
medicine, and turning his attention to the  the University of Pennsylvania, where he
acquisition of a knowledge of that science, graduated in the spring of 1838, while yet in
received his diploma from  the Cleveland  the twentieth year of his age.  He then re —
Homceopathic Medical College in March. turned to his native town, and establishing
iS6o. He now enjoys a lucrative practice in  himself upon a small farm inherited from his
the city of New York.  He is a close student, father, commenced a practice which has
a hard worker, and a staunch advocate of  proved very successful.  In I841, he became
homceopathy.                               a member of the Columbia County Medical
Society, and continued his membership until
I868.
i ECK, OLIVER J., M. D., of North   In 1858, he became interested in the study
-    Chatham, N. Y., wras born in  of homceopathy, and has since become a con-! ~'"'~i jChatham, Columbia county, N. vert to that theory, putting it into practice
Y., on the 28th of March, I817.  with entire satisfaction and great success. In
His father, Richard L. Peck, a native of  I869, he joined the Columbia County HomLyme, Conn., removed to Columbia county  ceopathic Medical Society, of which he has
while young, and studied medicine with his since become Vice-President, withdrawing
uncle, Russell Doyr, of that place. He sub- fiom the allopathic society of the same name,
sequently practised medicine in the same  and in the following year he became a memcounty, and by his untiring labors in his pro- ber of the American Institute of Homceofession so undermined his health that he only  pathy.
lived to practise fifteen years, dying while    Dr. Peck is a firm believer in the homc-ostill quite a young man.                   pathic law of medicine, and thinks the laws
His widow, formerly Miss Phebe Hunting, of the States should be such as to require
married, in about three years, Dr. Joseph  every medical college to be supplied with at
Chadwick, a partner of her late husband at least one Professor of Homceopathy.



356                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
_ EH ME, FERDINAND   GUS- follies of contraries, he became disgusted
TAV, M. D., of Tompkinsville, with it, and sought for a more humane and
Staten Island, N. Y., was born  scientific way of curing diseases, which he
in Tschopau, Saxony, on the 27th  found in the system of similia. In the fall
day of July, I826. His educational advan- of I856, he matriculated at the Homoeopathic
tages, both literary and medical, were of the  Medical College at Philadelphia, and  atbest. He was instructed, at Leipzig, in Sax- tended his first course of lectures (teaching
ony, in medicine, and graduated there in  school in the summer), and graduated in the
1852, as an allopathic physician. During  spring of I858, when thirty-three years of
1853, he visited the Universities of Prag, in  age. He entered immediately into practice
Bohemia, Vienna and Paris. A witness to  in Woodstown, N. J., where he remained
the wonderful success of the disciples of  until, in the fall of I862, he was appointed
Hahnemann, he closely examined the doc- and commissioned by Governor Olden, Surtrines of homceopathy, and finding them true  geon to the 24th Regiment New Jersey Voland practical, he became a convert, and prac- unteers for nine months, in the Army of the
tised the system  successfully in Dresden, Potomac.  On the expiration of his term of
Saxony, in I854-'55.  In June of the latter service, desiring a wider field for practice
year he emigrated to the United States, set- than he found in Woodstown, he removed to
tling in Concord, N. H., and afterward in  Phcenixville in November, I863, there being
Plymouth, Mass., removing from the latter then no homceopathic practitioner in that
place on account of ill health, in October, place. He began the cultivation of a much
1872, to his present home in Tompkinsville, neglected field, and after much hard labor,
Staten Island.                             bitter opposition and persecution, has, with
While residing in Concord he wrote the  wonderful success, through God's blessing,
first supplement to "' Klinische Erfahrungen  established a large and lucrative practice,
in der Homceopathic," by Th. J. Rueckert, which is steadily increasing.
and is now engaged in writing the second    Dr. Williams has not mingled in politics
supplement, and also in translating Hale's  further than as a good and loyal citizen to
~' New Remedies" into German.  He also  try and sustain the elective franchise diswrote, fourteen years ago, a small " Homceo- creetly, and to see that the best men are
pathic Domestic Physician."  He is a fre- placed in positions of honor and trust.  His
quent contributor to homceopathic literature, views of the qualifications necessary for a
especially the German.                     good physician are embodied in the sentiment
that " no one can be a truly successful man,
especially a physician, unless he be a Christian, and exhibit his Christianity in his daily
ILLIAMS, ALBAN, M. D., of  life and practice. The Christian physician
Phoenixville, Pa., was born in  can wield a power for good that none other
East Goshen, Chester county, Pa., can command."  Dr. Williams believes that
June 7th, 1825. His early edu- the good physician is the conservator to a
cation was limited to the common schools. great extent of the health of his patients, as
When old enough to work he found employ- well as the restorer of health when in his
ment on the farm, in which he continued  power so to do.  He therefore condemns the
until his twenty-first year.  lie then taught habit, as is the case with some practitioners,
in the public schools for ten years, during  of recommending the use of alcoholic mixwhich time he married, and began the study  tures and tobacco to their patients, and is
of medicine under Dr. J. W. Griffiths, for- bold to aver that no man can not only not be
merly Quarantine Physician at the Lazaretto, a truly successful physician or a benefactor to
Philadelphia. After five years' study of the  his race, but is morally responsible for the



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           357
misery entailed upon mankind, who habit- lost only eight per cent. He sold his practice
ually uses himself, or countenances the use  in Farmington to Dr. O. W. True, and rein his patients, either of alcoholic mixtures moved to Gardiner, Kennebec county, of that
or tobacco.                                State. After three years' practice in this
place he removed  to  Bridgeport, Conn.
Thence, in 1867, he returned to Vermont,'~ ];;AMILTON, HENRY  W., M. D., and is now located in Brandon, Rutland
of Brandon, Vt., was born in Cam- county, where he enjoys a large and lucrative
bridge, Somerset county, Me., practice, and has established a high reputaApril 28th, 1828.  His grand- tion as a successful physician.
father was a soldier in the'revolutionary war.   Dr. Hamilton was married, in July, I85I,
His father was a clergyman in the Christian  to Eliza Graves, whose parents resided in
Church, and the first child born in Harmony, Hatfield, Mass., by whom  he has three
Somerset county, Me. The subject of this  children, two sons and a daughter-Warren
sketch studied his profession with Dr. J. A. H., a member of the class of'75, of MiddleFolsom, an allopathic physician of Cam- bury College, Nellie E., of the class of
bridge, Me.  In I849, he commenced the-'75, in the University of Vermont, and Frepractice of medicine in company with his mont, now  preparing for College-all inbrother, R. L. Hamilton, in the city of  tending to practise homceopathy.
Lowell, Mass.  In the following year, with
his brother, he removed to Northampton, in
the same State, where they practised together
till October, I85I, at which time he removed        RIGHT, WILLIAM, M. D., of
to Rochester, Windsor county, Vt., and there          Brooklyn, N. Y., was born in
continued the practice alone.                         Cambridge, N. Y., on September
Having given much attention to the com-            27th, 8o06. He was educated at
parative results of homceopathic and allo- the Cambridge Washington Academy, and
pathic treatment, and being convinced of the  commenced the study of medicine under Dr.
great advantages of the former practice over Matthew Stevenson, of Cambridge, in 1828;
the latter, in June, 1852, he banished the old  graduating at the Vermont Academy of Medentirely and adopted the new.  In Rochester icine in I833.  His parents, although in
he remained until February, I854, when, comfortable circumstances, were not able,
having disposed of his practice to Dr. George  with a large family of children to provide
E. E. Sparhawk, he removed to Hartland, for, to give to either of their sons a profesSomerset county, Me., where he remained  sional education.  He commenced to teach,
about three years, being the pioneer homceo- and his success in that department was such
pathic physician of that county.  In May, that he risked the diversion of his mind from
1858, he removed  to Dover, Piscataquis  the one object of his life-the study of medicounty, Me.  He disposed of his practice in  cine. In I829, he was elected Principal of
this place to Dr. J. W. Cook, and in I86I the English Department of the Salem Washremoved to Farmington, Franklin county, in  ington Academy, which unforeseen circumthe same State. In these counties, also, he  stance soon after induced him to resign, and
was the pioneer homceopathist.  During the  he was free to return to the study of his proyears of I86o-'6I-'62, he treated over 2000  fession.  In I83I, he entered the private
cases of diphtheria with marked success; office of Professor Aldenhard, of Albany,
homceopathy, in this disease, accomplished  and spent the winter there, studying and diswhat allopathy, in the hands of skilful physi- secting under his immediate instructions, and
cians, did not; while their loss was from  in attendance upon the first full course of
twenty-five per cent. upward, Dr. Hamilton  lectures in the then unincorporated Albany



358                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
Medical College, the Professors of which  liberal contributor to the daily press on
were also Professors in the Vermont Aca- political, social, educational, moral and medidemy of Medicine.  In I836, he accepted an  cal subjects.  In I835, he married the eldest
invitation from  Dr. Jacob S. Miller, of Cla-  daughter of General Martin Lee, of Washverack, N. Y., to enter into partnership with  ington county, N. Y., afterwards State Senahim, and continued the relation five years. tor and President pro. temn. of the Senate.
Not altogether satisfied with  his field of    Dr. Wright is one of the numerous instances
labor, where the charges were wholly unre- furnished by our free institutions of success
lmunerative, he returned to Camlbridge in  attained by self-education.  He owes, under
I84I, and opened an office.  Soon after his  God, his prosperous career to the necessity
removal, he was appointed by the Board of  imposed upon him to labor to fit himself for
Supervisors one of the Deputy Superintend- his work in life.  This, with a strictly Chrisents of Comlmon Schools for that county. tian education, is the secret of his success.
He continued the duties of his profession and  Thirty-nine years of practice have enabled
of his superintendency until 1852.  In that him  to provide for his family with comfort,
time he became a convert to homceopathy, and have secured for him  the respect and
and, seeking a wider field of labor, removed  confidence of all who have been associated
in December, I852, to Brooklyn, where, un- with him.  His pastor says of him: " He is
der the auspices of an elder brother, he en- a man of thorough education, sound judgtered upon practice.  In I857, he assisted in  ment, stands high in his profession, and is
the organization of the King's County Hom- highly esteemed by all who know him.  He
ceopathic Medical Society, and early there-  is foremost in every good work wherein the
after was appointed one of its delegates to the  masses are to be benefited; was the prime
New  York  State  Homceopathic  Medical mover in establishing the Homceopathic DisSociety.  In i862, he was elected President penst:;y in this city, of which he is the
of the former Society, and in I864, a "per-  President, and devotes much of his time and
manent member" of the State Society, and in  thought to furthering the interests of that
I866, its first Vice-President.  He was ap- institution.  As a citizen he is second to no
pointed, in I865, a delegate to the Connecti-  one. As a churchman he is a consistent and
cut Homoeopathic Medical Society, and in  honored member, given to works of charity
the same year was elected an Honorary Mem- and benevolence, and ever ready at all times
ber thereof.  In I866, he was appointed by  to visit the poor for whom Christ died, and to
the New York State Society a delegate to the  minister to their bodily wants free of charge,
American Institute of Homceopathy, and in  and to contribute to the relief of their present
i867, was elected a member of the institute. necessities.  As a whole, he is a man of unIn I869, he was made President of the New  blemished character and of high mental culYork State Society, and in I871, was elected  ture."
Professor of Diseases of Children, in the                    -
clinical course of the Hahnemann Hospital
of the City of New York.  In 1872; he ini-           ABBITT, WARREN  M., M. D.,
tiated, and was mainly instrumental in organ-          of Randolph, Mass., was born in
izing, the Brooklyn (E. D.) Homceopathic               Taunton, Mass., May 8th, I832.
Dispensary, of which he was chosen Presi-              His ancestry were  among  the
dent.                                       first New  England settlers.  His medical
Dr. Wright has contributed several valu- education was received in the Medical Colable papers to the North Amzerican 7ournal lege of New York University, graduating in
of  Homeopaty, and also to the  Transac- the class of i858.  On leaving the University
tions of the New York State Homceopathic  he settled in Quincy, Mass, ain  859, where
Medical Society."   He has been, also, a he practised a few months, and then moved



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           359
to Braintree, an adjacent town, and immedi- Charleston;  and moved with  Sherman's
ately gained a good practice. In I86I, he  army to North Carolina.  For meritorious
was appointed Examining Surgeon by Sur- services the doctor was offered the surgeoncy
geon-General Dale, for Braintree; was comn- of the 55th Regiment Massachusetts Volunmissioned Assistant SurgTeon of the 55th  teers, or of the Io3d Regiment United States
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, in Au- Infantry, a new  regiment just forming at
gust, I863, and joined, the army at Morris Hilton Head (Colonel Stewart L. Woodford).
Island, near Charleston, S. C.             Not wishing to step over Dr. Burt G. Wilder,
While in charge of the detachment on  the First Assistant Surgeon of the 55th, hf
Long Island, he was the only surgeon on the  accepted the surgeoncy of the Io3d Regiment.
island, and at times there were seven hun-  He was with this regiment at Savannah and
dred  men  there.  On  Morris and Folly  Fort Pulaski, and  then  at Thomasville,
Islands the sickness and mortality was fearful Macon and Atlanta, Ga. When his regiment
from  dysentery, fevers, etc., and  General was mustered out, he returned to Randolph,
Gillmore noticing that on Long Island there  where he resumed his practice, and has been
was no mortality and very little sickness, in  since successfully engaged in the duties incifact, was the most healthy part of the De- dent to it. He is Medical Examiner for the
partment of the South, sent Colonel Sewel Continental Life Insurance Company.
and the Medical Director to inquire into it.   Dr. Babbitt has the reputation among his
Supposing they had come to criticise, the  professional brethren of being a highly skilful
doctor explained that owing to certain red  physician.  Of nice discrimination, sound
tape he had not been able to get a supply of  judgment, and winning manners, he has
medicines, and the only medicines he had  built up a large practice in Randolph and
were a bottle of castor oil and a pound of  adjacent towns, in which he has achieved
salts, with.a barrel of onions. The Medical great success.  Quiet and unobtrusive in
Director reported that the detachments were  manners, his opinions are largely deferred to
mostly the healthiest men sent over; but that by his brother physicians, who recognize his
it was not the want of medicine, but good  great worth and the solidity of his judgment.
hygienic management, creditable to the medical officer in charge.
He was on duty several months in the
Department of the South-four months in
rather disagreeable proximity to the Seces- I      H-IASE, IRAH  EATON, M. D.,
sionville batteries.  In May, 1864, matters   a       of I-Iaverhill, Mass., was born
becoming rather quiet near Charleston, he            June Ist, 1831, at Newton, Rockwished for more active service.  He obtained         ingham county, N. IIH. He was
leave to go North, and received an order to  educated at Wesleyan University, Middlejoin the Medical Department of the Army of  town, Conn., graduating in I85O. The folthe Potomac, and was assigned to duty with  lowing year he spent in New Bedford, Mass.,
the Sixth Army Corps, on the Potomac; was studying German, French and Italian, and
in the campaign in the Wilderness, Spottsyl- commencing the study of medicine.  In the
vania and Cold Harbor, and then on hospital winter of I85I-'52, he attended lectures in
service in Washington city. From Washing- the Hommeopathic Medical College of Pennton he was transferred to Annapolis, Md., sylvania, and in the following spring a second
where he had charge of the wounded from  course (allopathic) at Woodstock, Vt. IHe
the battle of Monocacy; thence to South  then entered the Berkshire Medical College
Carolina, where he ministered in the battles  (allopathic), and attended the third course
of Honey Hill, Broad River, Cosoohatchie, of lectures, and was graduated, becoming a
etc.; was in the first division that entered  member of the Massachusetts State Medical



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          36I
leading life insurance company of the West, would be exhausted.  If he should go to
which he still holds with honor to himself  New York, he could not take with him the
and profit to the company.                 palpable evidence of his graduation.  The
Being a member of the Operating Corps means were provided, and he returned to
of the Army of the Potomac during a greater New  York.  In the following winter he
portion of the war, his knowledge of surgery  spent his time in attendance upon the lectures
is very extended and tlzorozrtuhy practical. of the College of Physicians and Surgeons and
We learn that he contemplates returning to  the HIospital; and in the spring of 1828 was inpractice, making surgery and the diseases of  troduced to Dr. John F. Gray and other homwomen and children a specialty.           ctopathic physicians who constituted the body
of that profession in the city. He had found,
in his reading on the theory and practice of
medicine, but little satisfaction.  There was
TEARNS, DANIEL EDWARD, much that was confusing, and little that was
M. D., of Tremont, N. Y., was instructive.  As he examined hommopathy,
born in Hinesburg, Vt., in I8OI. he found his views becoming fixed, and the
His father was born in Massachu- basis of his convictions settled and firm. Ill
setts, his mother in Connecticut.  He re- the spring of I829, he commenced the pracceived his early education in his native town. tice of homoeopathy, which he continued in
His medical studies were commenced with  New York until 1852, when he removed to
Dr. David Deming, and then more fully  Tremont Station, on the line of the New
prosecuted at the Medical School in Burling-  York and Harlem Railroad, one of the subton, Vt., where he graduated  September, urbs of New York.  He practised daily for
1828.  The preparation for his profession  two years in the city, when the increasing
wvas attended  with  many embarrassments  demands upon his services in Tremont conand with many illustrations of a kindly Pro- strained him  to give his whole time to pracvidence.  Without pecuniary resources, and  tice at that place.  In the spring of I856, he
poorly clad, he earned, by teaching in the  fell and dislocated his shoulder, which being
winter and by working in the summer, the  badly reduced, has, with a severe cough and
means to enable him  to attend  two full hernia, disabled him  from  active practice
courses of lectures.  In the fall of I826, since that time.  iie has never refused to
while attending his first course of lectures in  attend a call if in his power to respond to it.
Burlington, he was invited to enter a drug  His plain, honiest character appears in his
store in New York city. He was not able to  vindication and maintenance of what he
accept it, and was constrained to decline. knows to be truth, whether in politics, reliIn the fall of I827, the request was repeated  gion, or medicine.  In his medical practice
from the same establishment, which, as he  he is firm and prompt, and cheerful among
had then completed his full' course of lectures, his patients.
he accepted, and removed to New York.
Though poorly clad, yet with good health
and an honest heart, and possessing a know-         AND, GARDNER  S., M. D., of
ledge of the Materia Medica, he entered upon          Charlotte, Mich., was born  at
the business, in which lie continued until           IKendge, N. H., July 5th, I820.
the autumn following.  Retiring to receive            being the son of Gates Rand, and
his diploma, and undecided what his next a direct descendant of the early pilgrims who
step should be, he received from New York  landed upon Plymouth Rock.  His father
a letter advising  him not to allow the want having a large family and but small means,
of money to hinder his return to the city. If  he was thrown upon his own resources at the
lie should pay for his diploma his fidcls early age of fifteen.  Owing to circumstances



362                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPADIA OF
he had received but a limited degree of in-  graduated at the Yale Medical College in
st-uction, and commenced life with a meagre  I853. Thereupon he returned to Plainville
education and slight knowledge of the world  and entered into partnership with his inthat lay beyond the threshold of his home.   structor, remaining with him for two years.
He entered the office of Dr. Sherriteffs, In I855, he was married to Miss Anna F.
but before he had completed his medical Neale, of Plainville.  About this time he
studies circumstances obliged him to go to  accepted a very flattering offer of a friend-a
Michigan to settle the estate of a deceased  French gentleman of fine social and combrother; this for a time brought him  into  mercial position-and entered into partnercontact with mercantile life, and his personal ship with him  in New  York, where he reinterest led him  to pursue the business for moved in I856.  After one year of active
the term of twelve years.                   commercial life, he determined to return to
Although greatly occupied with his mer- his profession, for which he had from  the
cantile duties, he nevertheless found ample  first conceived a great love.  It was during
time to continue his studies in medicine, his stay in New York that he came first in
which progressed under the instruction of  contact with homeopathy, while residing
J. P. Hart, M. D.  In I849, having closely  with an old friend in Brooklyn, who eminvestigated the system of homceopathy, he  ployed it in his family-a circumstance that
adopted its practice, and in the same year led to many wordy battles respecting the rewas prominent in organizing a homceopathic  lative merits of the two systems.  Dr. Sansociety in the State of Michigan.  Receiving  ford, howyever, was obliged to admit that the
his degree at the Hahnemann College, he  patients made very rapid  recoveries, and
removed to Charlotte, Mich., January, I857, gradually became so impressed with the often
and established an excellent practice.      surprising results attained that he determined
to find out and avail himself of whatever
good features homceopathy possessed.  Having settled in Bristol, Conn., he purchased
ANFORD, CHARLES E., M. D., some holmceopathic books and  medicines.
of Bridgeport, Conn., was born  Studying the former he became interested in
in North  Haven, Conn., May  the theory, and occasionally used the medi3Ist, I830. His father, Elioda  cines in practice.  Just about this time the
Sanford, as well as his mother, Maria Abbot, homceopathic physician moved out of the
belonged to the oldest and most highly es- place, and many of his patients learning that
teemed families of the town.  After receiving  Dr. Sanford was using homceopathic medithe best education at the private schools of  cines to some extent, called him in to attend
the place, he nearly perfected his prepara- their families.  In this iway he was led to
tions for entering Yale College under the  investigate and use homceopathy more than
care of a private tutor; but an hereditary  he otherwise would, and he was surprised to
weakness of the eyes caused an abandonment note its efficacy.  Becoming naturally miore
by his parents of their long-cherished plan  interested than ever in the system, he devoted
of sending him  to college, and for the four all his leisure time to its study, and after
years succeeding his fourteenth birthday he  nearly two years of conscientious experiment,
was engaged in mercantile life.  At the age  he gave in his unqualified adhesion to its
of eighteen (his eyes in the meantime having  doctrilles.  Having adopted medicine as his
become quite strong) he attended school for life-work, and homceopathy, from conviction,
one year, and soon after commenced the study  as his practice, he concluded to leave Bristol,
of medicine with his brother-in-law, Dr. G. and removed to Bridgeport in I859, where he
A. Moody, of Plainville, Conn.  After four has since resided.
years of study and attending lectures, he    Dr. Sanford is a member of the American



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           363
Institute of Homceopathy; ex-President of  ent occasions he'returned home to Clinton,
the Connecticut State Homceopathic Society; expecting to die from hemorrhage.  These
an earnest and successful worker in the  hemorrhages were so violent that Dr. Strew
cause of homceopathy.  He enjoys a large  thought he could not long survive.  Each
and lucrative practice.                    time, however, he regained health to some
degree. Convinced by this experience that
he could not continue practice on the seacoast, he settled in Clinton, forming a part-'WETTING, GEORGE  ROD- nership with Dr. G. J. Bronson. This assoNEY, M. D., late of Berlin, ciation he continued until I855, when he
Wis., was born in Westmoreland, removed to Berlin, Wis., where his brother,
Oneida county, N. Y., on Decem- J. V. Swetting, then resided.  He soon acher Ist, ISI9.  His father was a farmer, and  quired a large practice, being the only eclecremoved to Clinton, in the same county, in  tic physician then in that section of the
1834 or I835.  He received an excellent country.  Shortly after settling in Berlin, he
education at Clinton Liberal Institute. When  had occasion to observe the effects of homceohe had been in the institute a few years he  pathic medicine on a sick horse; these were
contracted a troublesome disorder of the  so strikingly beneficial that he concluded to
lungs through plunging into the Chenango  investigate the theory of homceopathy. Being
canal for a bath while perspiring freely from  a man of unbiassed mind and clear judgment,
violent exercise on a hot summer day. When  he soon became convinced of its soundness,
partially recovered, he took a position as and being bold and decided in action, he at
tutor in the institute; but shortly afterward  once adopted homceopathy in his practice,
he was attacked with apparent consumption, At first he encountered some opposition in
and his lungs perished to such an extent as consequence of the change in his views; but
to cease action on the right side, while the  the large success that attended his ministraright shoulder dropped nearly two inches  tions to the suffering speedily overbore all
lower than the left.  He visited the sea-coast objections, and his practice continued to inwith no perceptible advantage, and finally  crease steadily up to the time of his death.
went to central Kentucky, where he en- This occurred on May 3oth, I866, resulting
gaged as a private teacher, and gradually  from a dissecting wound, a needle slightly
recovered his health. At the expiration of a puncturing the base of the thumb nail as he
year he returned to Clinton and commenced  was sewing up the incision made in a postthe study of medicine in the office of George  mortem examination.
Bissell, botanic physician.  After a few    He was married in October, I857, to Charmonths' reading he attended a course of  lotte Pier, of Jamestown, N. Y., by whom he
lectures in the Buffalo Medical College, and  had one son, Frederick Pier Swetting, who,
subsequently took two courses in Boston, with his widowed mother, still resides on the
where he was under the instruction of the  homestead in Berlin.
noted Dr. Webster, who was hung for the    Not only by his skill, care and attention as
murder of Dr. Parkman, and whose abilities a physician did he secure a large number of
as a physician have never been questioned.  patients, but by his unswerving integrity, his
After being duly admitted to practice by the  earnest, manly nature, his sympathetic temMedical Society of New York, he entered  perament, and unfailing geniality of manner,
into partnership with Dr. Strew, an eclectic  he made a large circle of warm  personal
practitioner of Oyster Bay, Long  Island. friends.  His death caused widespread reHere the climate disagreed with him, irri- gret, and to-day his memory is kept green in
tating his lungs, and reviving the old trouble  the hearts of many who experienced his
to such an extent that on three or four differ-  value as a doctor and his worth as a man.



364                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP/EDIA OF
UILBERT, EDWARD  AUGUS-  ally copious volumes of proceedings.  In
TUS, M. D., of Dubuque, Ia., I849, he was the founder of the Ottawa
was born in Watertown, Jefferson  Medico-Chirurgical Society (allopathic), of
county, N. Y., June I2th, I826. which he was appointed secretary, and in the
His father, a Mason of high standing in the  same year issued the call resulting in the
body, and a staunch Methodist, is still living  foundation of the present Illinois State Mediat Waukegan, Ills. In I837, he had removed  cal Society (also allopathic).  In I862, he
with his family to Chicago, where his son, originated  the  Iowa  State  Homoeopathic
although  receiving  a somewhat desultory  Medical Association, which though inactive
education, achieved by his real ability, quick  during the war, was revived by Dr. Guilbert's
perceptions, and extraordinary industry, more  call in 187I, and is now in a flourishing conrapid advancement in his studies than many  dition.  He was for three years professor of
of his companions who enjoyed more favor- Obstetrics  in  the Western  Homceopathic
able oppportunities.                        College, at Cleveland, O., being  selected
He commenced his professional studies, in  twice as orator on commencement occasions.
I843, under the eminent Professor Daniel He was instrumental in founding the HomeBrainard, pursuing a four years course at the  opathic Medical College of Missouri, at St.
Rush Medical College at Chicago, where he  Louis, in  86o0, and delivered the inaugural
graduated  February  I8th, I847.  In the  address in November of the same year, and
same year he was married to Miss Kathleen  filled the chair of Obstetrics in that school
Somers, a young lady of great refinement for one year, resigning his position in 1862.
and culture, by which union he has had nine  He was, in the session of I866-'67, professor
children, six of whom survive.              of Diseases of Children, in the Hahnemann
He first practised medicine and surgery at Medical College of Chicago.
Ottawa, Ills., and subsequently at Waukegan,    Besides the foregoing professional occupain the same State, devoting his leisure time  tions, Dr. Guilbert has found time for other
from I847 to I852, to the further attainment matters.  He was at the head of the Union
of medical knowledge and experience, which  League in Iowa, in I862-'63.  Was presihe pursued with all the ardor and enthusiasm  dent of the Liberal State Convention, and its
of an undergraduate.  About this time he  candidate for Secretary of State in I872. He
became convinced of the superior merits of  has been a contributor to many of the medihomoeopathy over allopathy, and on his re- cal journals, and has frequently —in the early
moval to Elgin, Ills., adopted the former days of homceopathy-been called upon to
system of practice after having fully studied  publicly defend its cause on the rostrum. In
it both  theoretically  and  experimentally.  856,he   received an honorary degree from
After remaining in Elgin some four years he  the Western University, and in I866, the
removed, in I856, to his present residence.   honorary degree of LL. D., from the Masonic
The offices he has held in his professional University of Kentucky.
character, both as an allopathic and homce-    Dr. Guilbert is no less celebrated as a Mason.
opathic physician, are so numerous  that than as a surgeon and physician, having atnothing but a brief mention of them can here  tained in the masonic fraternity some of the
be attempted.  He was organizer and Presi- highest honors conferred by that body, at the
dent of the Northern Illinois Homceopathic  same time being a voluminous contributor to
Medical Association, started in I853, the first its literature.  This part of his career, not
homceopathic medical association begun in  falling within the scope of this work, we refer
the Northwest.  In I855, he originated the  the  reader to  a pamphlet published  al
State Homceopathic Medical Society of Illi-  Davenport, Ia., I873, by Day, Egbert &
nois, and became, and continued for five  Fidlar, giving a sketch of his masonic career.
years, its recording secretary, issuing annu-    He served during the war as surgeon of



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           365
the board of enrolment in Iowa; was instru-    He was married in i86o, to Sara M.
mental in obtaining enlistments; and was  Burden, by whom he has had two children,
chosen captain of Company A. 46th Iowa  of which one only, a little girl, is still living.
Infantry, in which capacity he passed five    Dr. Guilbert confines himself closely to his
months in military service in Western Ten- practice, taking no part in public or political
nessee.                                    affairs, excepting only those of the Young
Dr. Guilbert has always enjoyed a large  Men's Literary Association; of that institution
private practice, to which he faithfully at- he was elected president in i866, and he has
tends in spite of his numerous other engage-  continued to hold the office ever since.  He
ments.  He is universally regarded as an  is a man of considerable culture, and possessornanrient to the town where he lives, and  ing a warm, generous nature, he has made
the loss of no man in Dubuque would be himself a favorite in a very large circle of
more painfully and seriously felt in his city  friends and acquaintances.
and State.
UILBERT, SAMUEL H., M. D.,                 NTERLINE, SAMUEL, of Baltiof Dubuque, Ia., was born in               more, Md., was born in Lykens
Watertown, N. Y., on April 2Ist,           Valley, Dauphin county, Pa.,
1835.  He is the second son of             September 4th, I8So.  His paterSamuel H. Guilbert, of Waukegan, Ills., nal grandfather was a native of Bavaria,
who was born in Bath, England.  After'Germany, and being by profession a Lutheran
receiving a good general education, he began  minister, came to this country as a missionthe study of medicine in the office of Dr. E. ary, and was driven by the Indians from staA. Guilbert, of Elgin, Ills. In the winter of  tion to station, finally settled in Lykens Valley,
I854-'55, he entered Rush Medical College, and there by his life and teaching set forth an
where he attended  lectures during  two  example practically followed by his grandson,
sessions.  Toward the close of the second  whose early education was limited, being
session, he applied for his final examination  confined to such teaching as could be obtained
with a view to graduation, but it having become  in the neighborhood of his home.
known to the professors, through the students,   In I828, he turned his attention to the
that his views concerning the dominant prac- tanner trade, which he followed for some
tice were heretical, they refused to admit him  years.
to an examination unless he would sign a    In  i837, having become a professing
paper renouncing his errors in this respect. Christian, he entered the service of God as a
This of course he declined to do, and his minister of the " United Brethren in Christ,"
connection with that institution ended. The  and was licensed to preach, and ordained an
following winter he went to Cleveland, where  elder.'he was graduated by the Western Homce-    Having moved to York county, Pa., he
opathic College in the Spring of 1857.     was induced through the influence of Dr.
Dr. Guilbert commenced the practice of  Earhart, an able practitioner of the eclectic
medicine at Kenosha, Wis., but he remained  system, to read medicine with him.
there only a few months, removing to Du-   In I857, although still pursuing his clerical
buque, Ia., in the fall of I857. There he has profession, he nevertheless devoted every
since resided, and by his skill, careful atten- leisure moment to the study of medicine, and
tion to the details of his profession, and his later attended medical lectures in the city of
agreeable manners, he has succeeded in  Baltimore, admitted with a minister's ticket.
building up a large and constantly increasing    In I867, ill health rendering it impossible
practice of a very lucrative character.    for him to continue in the ministry, its duties



366                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CVCLOPZEDIA  OF
being too arduous, he removed to Baltimore  wrote and gave him  a recommendation deand commenced the practice of the eclectic  scriling him to be as good an accountant as
system, which he continued until I868, when  any in the State. With this high but just testhrough personal observation of cures wrought timonial in his pocket, young Smith, now
by homceopathy, he turned to the study of  eighteen years of age, proceeded to Manlius,
therapeutics, and. established himself as a  Qnondaga county, N. Y., where he engaged
hommopathic  physician, enjoying  a good  with the firm of Sturtevant, Stebbins & Co.,
practice in Baltimore city.                 with whom  he remained for three years.
Then he removed to Syracuse, and entered
the employment of A. Woodward.  Him he
faithfully served until he became engrossed in
MITH, WELCOME  VV., M.D., the study of medicine, which had always posof Coshocton, O., was born in  sessed much fascination for him, in I848;
[I:,_    New  Berlin, Chenango county, with J. G. Loomis, M. D., of Syracuse.  For
N. Y., on March 3rd, i8I6. His  a year and a half previously, he had been
father dying when the subject of this sketch  reading medical works at night, but he was
was ten years old, left three sons and one  then persuaded to give up the store business,
daughter to be brought up on the small pit- and to devote his entire time to study in Dr.
tance bequeathed their mother.  His educa-  Loomis' office.  So quick and apt a pupil
tional advantages were therefore very slight. did le prove that he was soon permitted to
At the age of twelve, he set out in the world  practice, always of course -under the watchful
on his resources, entering the store of William  supervision of his tutor, and in the course of
Randall, Cortland Village, Cortland county, a year and a half, he had gained much valuaN. Y., and received as compensation for his ble experience.  In I85o, he emigrated to
labor the first year his board and washing. Fayette county, WV. Va., and commenced
Nothing daunted by this inauspicious opening  practice on his own. account, meeting with
of his career, he determined to make a posi- large success up to the breaking out of the
tion in life.  From the first, therefore, his be- rebellion. Then because of his loyalty to
havior won the entire confidence and good  the Union, the Confederates destroyed everywill of all with whom  he came in contact. thing he possessed in the world, and set him
At the close of business hours, instead of de- adrift a penniless man to begin life anew.
voting himself to play, as would have been  Still his courage did not fail him.  He set
very natural for a boy of his age, kept con- vigorously to work on the reconstruction of
fined during the whole day, he set himself to  his fortunes, and, in I864, opened practice in
learn something, and night after night until Ohio, where he has remained ever since. For
advanced hours, he would be studiously por.- the past five years he has resided in Coshocing over books.  He remained with Mr. Ran- ton, and has never lost a patient, save two or
dall for a year and a half, and that gentleman, three, who had been placed beyond recovery
who had become greatly interested in him, by the treatment of the so-called " Regulars."
secured him  a situation with A. WV. Otis, of  Some years ago he operated in a very diffiTruxton, in the same county.  Mr. Otis was  cult and peculiar surgical case with perfect
a splendid  man  of business, and shrewd  success, and thinking its features might prove
enough to recognize the value of the lad. He  of value to the profession, he prepared an
put him at once to keeping his books, which  account of it, which was published in the
were based on the double entry system, and  A I/nericazn Observer, vol. iv., I867, p. I59; hlut
took great pleasure in pushing him forward. as a rule he does not contribute to medical
So rapidly did the lad advance under his em- literature, preferring to devote his whole time
ployer's direction that at the expiration of  to the study and practice of medicine.  His
four years and a half, Mr. Otis, unasked, only ambition has always been to become a



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          367
thoroughly competent physician, and this he  opathic remedies.  He had the misfortune to
certainly has compassed.                   lose his wife on the 25th of January, I868.
Dr. Smith has never practised anything but Hle married again on the 3rd of August, I868,
homceopathy, to the study of which he was Florence C. Bates, of Derby, Vt. He soon
led in self-defence.  For about ten years pre- after removed to St. Johnsburg, Vt., and there
viously he had suffered more or less, and  espoused the cause of similia siumi'ibus cusought relief from  the " old school " practi- rantztr, the principle of homceopathy.
tioners, but their treatment so reduced him,   On account of his wife's ill health, he re-:hat he turned to homceopathy, hoping it moved to Derhy, Vt., whence he had borne
might aid him.  It did aid him and most her as a bride, and there he still resides.
materially, and then he determined to aid   In I868, he was appointed Examining Surothers by the same means. As a self-taught geon, which position he still holds. Though
man, and one who has had to srruggle against he has not figured prominently in the political
obstacles of no ordinary character, he is en- arena, he is devotedly attached to the printitled to the highest credit.  His success as a ciples of the Republican  party. He was
physician and his many estimable qualities  drafted during the war, but sent a substitute
have gained him the confidence and esteem  in his stead, and was afterward appointed
of every community in which he has resided. Assistant Superintendant of Recruits, in WashHe has been married three times, and is ington county, Vt.
now a widower.                               He is an active member of the Vermont
State Homceopathic Medical Society, and also
of the Connecticut Valley Homceopathic Medical Society, of which he was at one time
ECK, JOHN  HIOWARD, M.D., the Secretary.  He is a member of the order
of Derby, Vt., was born in Mont-  of Free Masons, and has advanced to the
pelier, Vt., on the 8th of March, 7th degree; he has officiated for two years as
I 843.                          Worshipful Master.
He is a son of Hon. Addison Peck, a man    He was brought somewhat prominently beprominent in the history of his State, and who  fore the public at the June term  of the Caleserved as High Constable of the town, High  donia County Court, in I871, from his conSheriff of his county, Representative of his nection with a suit for malpractice brought by
district in the State Legislature, and finally  one Westley C. Drew against Dr. G. B. Bulrepresented his county in the State Senate.   lard and himself. In August, I869, while
In preparing for the medical profession, he  living at West Concord, he was called to see
read in the office of H. I,. Walton, M. D., at the said Westley C. Drew, and found him
Newbury, Vt., for one year and a half.  The  suffering from a dislocation of the sternal exremainder of his three years he studied under tremity of the clavicle; he reduced it and
Dr. S. Putnam, of Montpelier, Vt., and Pro- dressed it with the figure-of-eight bandage.
fessor A. B. Crosby, of Hanover, N. H.  He  Dr. G.. B. Bullard was called as consulting
attended two courses of medical lectures at surgeon, and, having removed the bandages,
Hanover, and one at Burlington, Vt., before  proceeded to examine the injured part, and,
taking his degree.  He graduated at Dart- while so doing, the dislocation was repeated.
mouth Medical College, October 3Ist, I866. It was again reduced, dressed again with the
lie was married on the Ist of January, I867, figure-of-eight bandage, and a yoke placed
to Hannah M. Bailey, of Hartford, Vt. He  upon the injured man. The patient being
removed to Concord, Vt., and began to prac- unruly, it was found impossible to keep the
tise as an allopathic physician, and, at the  bone in its place, and the yoke was removed
same time, began to read homceopathy, and  by Dr. Peck. Prominent physicians declared
occasionally prescribed for his patients homce- the treatment to have been the most skilful



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               369
mained four years, obtaining the most satis- his part accomplished nothing, and he was
factory results.  Leaving Northfield, he re- compelled to yield, and, using his own lanmoved to Putnam, Conn., where, at that time, guage, " take his daily dose of medicine for
homceopathy was very imperfectly understood, the next three years."  He graduated., in
although it is now regarded as a boon, and  I863, and was immediately married to Miss
gladly received by the people in place of the  T. G. Barnes, niece of the Hon. J. F. Benjaeffete system of the constant and systematic  min, and went to Missouri, where he was apadministration of drugs.                    pointed Deputy Prevost Marshall, but reSuch radical changes of opinion can only  mained only a short time.  In the fall of
he wrought by men devoted to the cause of  r863, he commenced the practice of his prohomoeopathy, and Dr. Styles is fully entitled  fession in the city of Chicago, where he reto his share of our praise and admiration.  mained eighteen months, and then returned
to the State of New York.  In I866, he assumed the practice of Dr. Henry Ladd, an
old practitioner in Seneca county, 0. Here
ARKS, ISAAC N., M. D., of Co- his attention was first directed to the science
runa, Mich., was l)orn in Wil- of homceopathy by Dr. W. H. Storer, a profeskesbarre, Pa., October I6th, 184o. sional friend of his.  Dysentery was the preHe was the son of Rev. Isaac  vailing disease of the year, and homceopathists
Parl-ks, D.D., of Whitehall, New York, who  alone were successful in its treatment.  He infor forty years filled honorable positions in  quired of the doctor as to the forms of their
the M. E. Church, of which he was a mem- dilutions, tried a few of the remedies given
her.  He was twice elected a member of the  him, then  investigated  homceopathy as a
General Conference, and received the degree  science, and, in i869, unfurled the banner of
of D.D. from the Middletown University. In  homceopathy for himself, and with the banner
1852, he was elected to the Legislature of  of light for his guide will ever defy ignorance
New York, but did not serve; the same year and superstition.
he was appointed Regent of the University    His father dying suddenly, he returned to
of the State of New York, which position he  New  York, where he remained till I87O,
retained till his death.                    when he came to Coruna, Mich.  He had
Dr. Parks' literary education was com- scarcely established himself in the practice
menced at the Utica Free Academy, and  before he was called to fill the chair of Anafinished at the Fairfield Seminary in the State  tomy in the Lansing Hoomceopathic College,
of New York.  After leaving Fairfield, he  the first college of the kind ever established
was urged to attend the Union College of  in the State of Michigan.  This position he
Schenectady, but being weary with boarding  filled until the close of the session, when the
school life, and having entered into an agree- pressure of business at home compelled hint
ment with four of his associates, who had  to resign.  He now occupies the position of
been his companions for five years at the se- Physician and Surgeon of the Coruna Coal
minary, to meet at Albany in the month of  Mines, this Nwith his daily practice leaves
August, I86o, and prosecute the study of' hardly any time for literary culture.
law, he peremptorily refused to follow  any                  -A
other than the course marked out by himself. Arriving in Albany the last of August,         CERICKE, F. E., M. D., was born
186o, he found his four chums ensconced at             in Glauchau, Germany, June 3rd.
the hotel, and  studying  medicine  at the              I826.
Albany Medical College; they had a stormy                 His literary education was commeeting, and the whole course of his future  pleted at Naumburg a. S., Prussia.
life was changed; argument and debate on    Having landed in the United States, he
24



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           371
pose of preparing himself for the Christian    Having decided to adopt the medical proministry, he entered the theological depart- fession, he entered the office of Dr. Gardner,
ment of Madison University. He graduated  of Woodbury, N. J., a leading homceopathic
in 1842; received, in I850, the degree of physician.
A. M., and was ordained by the Baptist Church    Under his tuition he followed a course of
of Evans, Erie county, N. V., on the I6th of  careful reading, which covered a term of one
November, in the same year. He labored as year and a half. In I864, he became a stua minister of the gospel until the winter of dent at the Homceopathic Medical College
1849, when he became so broken in health in  of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, where,
consequence of a severe rheumatic fever, that, having attended two full courses of lectures,
by advice of his physician. he gave up preach- he graduated, in i866.
ing, and subsequently turned his attention to    He then proceeded to Glassboro, N. J.,
the study of medicihe.                     where he remained six months. Then he reIn I844, the doctor married Miss Dosha moved to Flemington, N. J., where he pracC. Hubbard, who died of consumption, in  tised successfully for five years. Finding the
I846. In 1848, he married Miss Jerusha  mountain air too keen for his constitution, he
Stewart, of Springville, who afterward suffered  established himself at Hightstown, N. J.
several months with a chronic disease, which
was pronounced by allopathic physicians as
incurable, yet under homceopathic treatment
by Dr. C. M. Dake, of Geneva, she soon re-         EE, JOHN  K., M. D., of Johnscovered; this led Dr. Potter to the investiga-       town, Cambria county, Pa., was
tion of that system, and for two years he stu-       born on the I4th day of August,
died medicine under the direction of Dr.              I84I, in  Freeport, Armstrong
Dake; and for two years after was associated  county, Pa.
as a practising student with Dr. I. J. Meachem,   He received a very thorough training in
of Dundee, and finally received his diploma  the public schools of Allegheny City, Pa.
from  the Livingston County Homceopathic    He began the study of medicine with his
Medical Society, December, I857.           uncle, J. K. Lee, M. D., an eminent homceIn I868, he removed to Albion, Orleans opathic physician of West Philadelphia, Pa.
county, N. Y., and now has a good living    He entered Hahlnemann College in Octo,
practice.                                  ber, I866, where he remained until March,
In I87I, Dr. Potter was chiefly instrumen-  I867, when he began to practice medicine.
tal in the organization of the Niagara and    He continued to practise until October,
Orleans County Medical Society.            I868, when he re-entered Hahnemann MediThe doctor makes a specialty of chronic  cal College, whence he graduated in March,
diseases, which he treats with much success.  I869. In April of the same year, he settled
He is affectionately regarded by his patients at Johnstown, Pa., where a large and lucrative
for his fidelity and devotion, and is highly es- practice bears ample testimony to his ability
teemed by the Christian community at large. and success in his profession.
He was married on the 2ISt of November,
I87I, to Emily M. Swank, of Johnstown, Pa.
He entered the Army on the i9th of AuURRIE, J. J., M. D., was born at gust, i86I, as a private in the Morehead Ca- t ir  Carpenters Landing, Gloucester valry of Pittsburg, for a term of three years.
county, N. J., September ioth, In February, I862, his company was trans-I836.                         ferred to the Ist Maryland Regiment of CaHe was educated at Swedesboro', N. J., valry. He participated in the various cavalry
and for four years taught school.          operations in the Shenandoah Valley, in



372                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
middle Virginia, undcer General John Pope, was with the Army of the Gulf during the
and in the various campaigns conducted by  entire campaign of I863, and was present
the Army of the Potomac.  He re-enlisted, and rendered valuable service at the battles
December 25th, I863, in the same regiment, of Irish Bend, Franklin, Donaldsonville, and
for another term of three years or during the  the siege and capture of Port Hudson.  On
war, thus proving that his patriotism was not the I7th of June he was taken prisoner while
a fickle flame. He took part in the battles at Linwood Hospital, but during the day the
before Richmond and Petersburg.  As his enemy was driven back and he was released.
regiment formed a part of the corps com- He returned with his regiment, and on the
manded by Major-General Phil. Sheridan, he  26th of August, I863, was mustered out of
saw much active service under that gallant service.  He then immediately resumed his
commander.  He was present at the surren- studies, attended two courses of lectures at
der of General Robert E. Lee. When his the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in
country's life was in danger he drew his New York, and graduated March Ist, I865.
sword in her defence, and battled for her   IHe conmenced practice in Tariffville, Conn.,
honor and her life; never sheathing that but his health being delicate, in the fall of
trusty blade until the gallant stars and stripes  I866 he moved to Sycamore, Ills.; but ill
floated triumphantly over every stronghold  I868, returned to New England and estabof the vandal foe. Having assisted in the  lished himself at Holyoke, Mass. In June,
fulfilment of this high and holy mission, he  I869, he married Ada M., daughter of Dr.
now goes to the rescue of his fellow men, C. W. Babcock, of Lancaster, O.
and is fast winning his way to an honorable    Dr. Smith makes a specialty of obstetrics
distinction in his profession.             and the diseases of women and children; and
his large and remunerative practice is sufficient testimony as to his thorough study,
accurate judgment, and professional skill.
MITH, GEORGE  HERBERT, Though an ardent advocate of homceopathy,
M. D., of Holyoke, Mass., was he has, by his liberal views and courteous
born in Chicopee, Mass., July 4th, demeanor, secured the respect and good will
I840.  He received  a liberal of his professional opponents.
education, and made himself proficient in all
the branches taught in the common and high
schools, and in the summer of I86I graduated with  full honors at the Wilbraham            IUTNAM, JEREMIAH  S., M. D.
Academy. In the same year he commenced               of York, Me., was born in Danthe study of medicine with Dr. R. T. Chaffer,.      vers, Mass., August 2oth, 1797.
of Hartford, Conn. In September, I862, he             His grandfathers, Jeremiah Putenlisted as private in the 25th Regiment nam and Andrew Fuller, were both captains
Connecticut Volunteers, and  in January, in the revolutionary army.  His father was
I863, when the regiment arrived at Baton  Thomas Putnam, Esq. Receiving an educaRouge, he was detailed on special service, tion to fit him for such duties, he was enand was appointed Quartermaster-Sergeant gaged for some time, while quite a young
of the Ambulance Corps, under command of  man, in teaching in York.  Subsequently
Surgeon Rogers. In April he returned to his selecting the practice of need.cine as his busircgiment, the Surgeon of which having died, ness for life, he entered upon its study with
and the Second Assistant being unfit for Dr. William  Lyman, a physician of note in
duty, he was assigned to act as aid to the  his day, and on the completion of his studies,
First Assistant Surgeon, Woods, who was  in 1823, established himself as a physician.
soon after promoted to full rank.  Dr. Smith  Attending to the duties of his position, he



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                373
continued his practice as an adherent of the  ciety.  In I86I, he removed to New Haven,
system in which he had been indoctrinated  where he has gained, by strict attention to
for twenty-seven years, when he was led by  his duties and by his success, a large and
the fame of Hahnemann and the success of  valuable practice.
his followers to investigate the system  of    On the organization of the New  York
homceopathy.  Pleased with its theories and  Homceopathic Medical College, he was apits scientific and harmonious facts, and wit- pointed to the chair of Physiology and the
nessing its successful administration, he has- Institutes of Medicine, but was compelled, by
tened to abandon the imperfect means he had  the illness of himself and family, to resign.
hitherto employed, and gave in his adherence  He is the author of several essays on medical
to the new faith, convinced daily, as he ad- subjects.  Among these are "An Examinavanced step by step, of its great superiority, tion of the Evidence in regard to Infinitesiand rejoiced with his greater success in re- mal Doses," and various papers on " Matelia
lieving his patients.  Especially noted for his  Medica in its Scientific Relations," etc.
treatment of the diseases of children, he has    In I844, he married the eldest daughter
stood at his post as a homceopathist for the  of Hon. Benjamin Pomeroy, of Stonington,
last twenty-three years, completing in all a  Conn.  She died December Ist, I871, leavhalf century of usefulness as a general practi- ing two sons and two daughters.
tioner; in all this time enjoying good health    The modesty of Dr. Rodman precludes the
and activity, and never obliged in a single  possibility of a fuller notice and one more
instance to resort to his own skill or to take  worthy of the subject.
a particle of medicine.
He has been identified, since its organization, with the Republican party. Upon the
choice of President Lincoln to the Presidency,       IPER, JOHN R., M. D., of Washhe was appointed Collector of Customs in               ington, D. C., was born in BaltiYork, but resigned the same in I869.  Has  t            more, Md., in the year ISIi.
served as one of the School Committee from              He was educated in Baltimore,
1830 to I850, and is now (1873) Chairman  studied medicine and graduated at the Maryof the Board.  He has attended 2500 obstet- land University in I839.  After living in
ric cases successfully, having never lost a  various places, both South and West, he recase, and,_eve-r used or applied the forceps.  turned to Baltimore, and, through the influence of his old friends and associates in
medicine, embraced the principles of homceopathy. He then located permanently in
ODMAN, WILLIAM  W., M. D., Washington, and was the first to introduce
of New Haven, Conn., was born  the homcoeopathic practice in that city.  Durin  Stonington,  Conn., April, ing a period of thirty years he was most
I817.  He was graduated  at successful, winning and retaining a large and
iYale College in I838, and, entering  the  lucrative practice, despite the opposition to
Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, the system  and the prejudice  entertained
received his degree of M. D. in I844.  In  against it by the people, as well as by his
November of that year he began the practice  brethren of the allopathic school.
of medicine in Waterbury, Conn., and, after    During the last ten years of his life, the
four years of assiduous and successful labor terrible affliction of cancer in the face, which
as an allopathic physician, commenced, in  eventually caused his death, compelled him
1848, the study of homceopathy and the use  to confine himself chiefly to office practice.
of its remedies, and was, in consequence, On the I6th of March, 1871, he died, leaving
expelled from  the Connecticut Medical So- a widow alone in the world-a noble Chris



374                    BIOGRAPHIICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
tian lady, who attended him  with patient, versity, Baltimore, Md. Soon after gradualoving care during the long period of his ill- tion he migrated to Oregon, and was actively
ness. She still resides in Washington.     engaged in general practice, with ophthalmic
Dr. Piper was one of the first and oldest diseases as a specialty, until the autumn of
members of the American Institute of Hom-  I866, when, owing to his wife's health, he
ceopathy. Although so successful, his un- removed to California and settled in Grass
usual benevolence and generosity prevented  Valley, Nevada county.  This is the chief
his accumulating much property.  He cared  mining town of the State, and has a populalittle for money, but gloried in his profession; tion of about seven thousand, though someand believing that "the proper study of man- times rising to eleven thousand.  In the
kind is man," was never so happy as when  Rogue River Indian war of I855-'56, he
able to relieve the wants of his fellow men, served as Senior Surgeon of the 2d Regiment
and mitigate the " ills that flesh is heir to."   of Oregon Mounted Volunteers, and during
His amiable, cheerful disposition eminently  the late civil war was Acting Assistant Surfitted him for his profession, while his cour- geon in charge of Forts Yamhill and IHosteous and dignified demeanor and his high  kins, Oregon.
moral character gained the respect and esteem    While quite young, Dr. Coombs was reof all who knew him. As a very prominent garded as a peculiarly successful practitioner
member of the order of Odd Fellows, he in diseases of women and children.  His
found additional scope for the boundless reputation in Oregon as an oculist was cogenerosity of his heart. To the talents, skill extensive with the State. For more than
and labors of this pioneer of homceopathy in  twelve years he had nearly all the ophthalmic
Washington must be attributed the recogni- cases in Oregon and Washington Territory to
tion and success the system has gained in  treat; while patients from northern California
that city.                                 frequently sought his aid at Corvallis or
Portland rather than go to San Francisco.
In the early settlement of California and
OOMBS, LESLIE JACOB, M. D., Oregon diseases of the eye assumed an epiof Grass Valley, Cal., was born in  demic form, difficult to treat and baffling the
Franklin  county, Pa., midway  skill of the ordinary physician.
between Chambersburg, Pa., and    Perhaps in no part of the world are women
HIagerstown, Md., on June 6th, I829.  He  so generally subject to the diseases peculiar
comes of Scottish and Irish descent on his to their sex than on the Pacific coast, and
father's side; branches of the family settled  perhaps nowhere so various in their forms
in Virginia and Massachusetts; the latter are  nor so difficult to effectively treat. The sinnow chiefly and most prominently represented  gular action of the atmosphere on the nervous
by Hon. Leslie Coombs, of Kentucky; but system, the absence of domestic help, and the
on his mother's side his extraction is from the  constant labor thus entailed on women, make
Pennsylvania German.                       permanent relief almost hopeless.
He received his education in the common    Dr. Coombs early directed his attention to
schools of his native Stale and at the Ligonier these two special classes of diseases.  WhatAcademy.  After completing his academic  ever may be his system, of which the writer
course he commenced the study of medicine. cannot affect to judge, suffice it to say his
He read medicine under Dr. Jere Sensury -success has been marvellous.  In the treatand Dr. John Burkholder, in Chambersburg, ment of the latter class of diseases Dr.
Pa., and afterwards with Drs. Beltz and  Coombs at once assumed a front rank at his
Bardwell and Dr. Charles A. Geiger, of  present home, where he has secured an exManchester, Md. After the usual course, in  cellent practice as a specialist and general
s852, he was graduated at Washington Uni- practitioner.



376                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP2EDIA  OF
to the I2th Regiment of New Hampshire  the call for "three hundred thousand more"
V-olunteers at the time of their organization, rang through the land.  He took up his
and was accepted. He attended the regi- country's standard, and assisted in rallying
ment, and received uniform courtesy from the  around it the I15th Regiment New York
officers and men; but the medical staff re- Volunteers, and served upon its staff until he
garded him with suspicion and ordered him  was taken prisoner and released on parole.
to leave. In this jealousy was the predomi-  He returned to his home prostrate from the
nant motive, as the soldiers gave the prefer- effects of fever, and received from the field
ence to the homceopathic practice. Returning  officers of his regiment a flattering tribute to
to New Hampshire, he formed the acquaint-  his faithfulness and valor.
ance of Miss Mary E. Weeks, to whom he    In December, i862, he married a daughter
was married December I2th, I864, and in the  of Henry C. Pridham,  M. D., of New York
following  year removed  to Virden, Ills. city.
Here his wife became interested in the    -le had always felt drawn toward the
study of medicine, and, yielding  to her medical profession, and now the desire to
wishes, he removed to St. Louis, where, at- enter it grew so strong that he resolved to
tending lectures, she graduated in I87I, and  prepare for it, and directed his course accorreceived from the Dean, Dr. John F. Temple, dingly. He placed himself under the care
a silver medal as a tribute to her proficiency  of J. H. Scoon, M. D., of Amsterdam, N. Y.,
in Materia Medica.  Her career, so full with  and commenced the study of his chosen propromise of usefulness, was early closed by  fession with great earnestness.  He attended
death-her decease occurring on Novem-ber a course of instruction at the Long Island
I7th, I872. She was exemplary in all her Hospital College, located at Brooklyn, N.
relations, and possessed talents which admir- Y., and became favorably impressed with the
ably fitted her to become a shining light in  principles of homeopathy, from its brilliant
homceopathy.  Since her death he has de- practical results in the Brooklyn and New
voted himself with renewed energy to his  York Dispensaries, and the private practice
practice.  He is highly respected in his  of his homceopathic medical friends.  He
home, where he is well known, both in his became convinced that it was the most
profession and as a citizen.  He is a member perfect science of medicine, attended the
of the American Institute of Homceopathy  lectures at the New  York  Homceopathic
and of several other societies.            College, and graduated from that institution.
He removed to Lynn, Mass., in I870, where
he has secured a very large practice. Brilliant prospects lie before him, and a wide
AYWOOD, EDWARD  SMITH, field of usefulness is opening to him.
M. D., of Lynn, Mass., is a son
of the late Xenophon Haywood,
of Amsterdam, N. Y. He was
born on the 3d of February, I838, in Troy,  -       LLING, C. P., M. D., of Dunkirk,
N. Y., in which city his father was for many          N. Y., was born at Norwalk,
years an eminent teacher in the public schools.       Huron county, O., on the Igth
His father resigned in 1854, and removed to           day of February, I838.  He was
Amsterdam, N. Y., to take charge of a news- educated at the Western Reserve Seminary
paper.  He entered the printing office of his'of the latter place, graduating from  it in
LEther, obtained a thorough knowledge of the  1856. He then engaged in school teaching
art of printing, and was associated with his for one year at Milan, O., and at the end of
ftther in the printing and publishing busi- this time commenced the study of medicine
ness at Amsterdam until the year I862, when  in the office and under the instruction of Dr.



HIOMEOPATHIC  PHI-YSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                         377
John Tifft, in Norwalk, and on his retiring  teen years of age, having determined upon
from practice, completed his studies previous  adoptilg the medical profession, became an
to graduation under Dr. Charles Morrill, of  assistant in the drug store of, and a student
Cleveland, O.  During this course of study  of medicine with, Dr. Charles P. Smith, of
he attended the lectures at the Western Hom- Chester, N. Y. At a later period he transceopathic College, at Cleveland, from which  ferred himself to the tutorship of D. C.
institution he received the degree of Doctor Jayne, M. D., of his own native place, a
of Medicine in I862.  He immediately after- homceopathist, and  the ablest and  most
ward commenced practice in Lima, O. Dur- successful practitioner in all that section of
ing the following summer he responded to  the country.
the call of the Governor, and enlisted in one    He graduated in allopathy at Castleton,
of the regiments formed for the temporary  Vt., in I86o, and at the New York Hlomceodefence of the southern boundary of the  pathic Medical College in I86I, having in
State, serving in the capacity of As.sistant the meantime become a convert to homceoSurgeon, from  which position, though  in  pathy. After graduating he settled in Peelksactive duty but a short time, he was not dis- kill, N. Y., but in I863 removed to Elmira,
charged formally till the December following. where he acquired a fine practice among the
I-Ie then settled in Milan, O., in January, best families in the place.  Three years later
I863, where he continued to practise his  he was chosen Physician to the Orphans'
profession for four years; when, having se- Home of that place, supplanting an allopath
lected Dunkirk as his permanent location, he  of great skill and high reputation.  He also
removed thither in January of I867. During  filled the position of Medical Examiner to
the entire time of his residence in Milan, he  Public Schools by appointment from  the
held the office of Member of the Board of  Board of Education, examining and vaccinEducation.  He is now  Chairman of the  ating several hundred pupils. In I867, he
Board of Health of the City of Dunkirk; is a was appointed by Common Council a memmember of the New  York State Homceo- ber of the Board of Health, that being the
pathic Medical Society, and of the Ohio  first and the last instance in that city, so far,
State HIommopathic Medical Society.        of a homoeopath being elevated to a seat in
an official capacity with the allopaths.  In
all these positions he rendered the public
conspicuous service, and the public was not
ARKHURST, GABRIEL HAR- slow  to recognize his earnest and wellR EmISON, M. D., of Brooklyn, N. directed efforts on its behalf.  During the
Y., was born in Florida, Orange  following year, having previously contracted
county, N. Y., on May 3Ist, a bronchitis that had become chronic, and
1836. His father, Lewis D. Parkhurst, was fearing bronchial phthisis, he  determined
a farmer, and he is the fourth generation  upon a visit to the South, making Florida
removed from the original "three brothers"  his objective point.  His health partially rewho emigrated'to this country in the early  established, he returned home, bht in the
days of New England history.  He was edu- ensuing year had to repeat his trip. After a
cated in his early youth at Florida, preparing  somewhat protracted visit, he came back
for college at the S. S. Seward Institute, North in I870, and removed to Brooklyn,
under that eminent scholar, J. W. Round, where he is now rapidly building up a flourA. M. Subsequently he entered Union Col- ishing practice.
lege, but being disinclined, after remaining    He has never taken an active part in polithere awhile, to spend so much time as was tics, devoting his entire attention  to  the
required by the ordinary curriculum on the  duties of his profession.  His thorough prodead languages and mathematics, he at eigh- fessional attainments, his skill and attention,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               379
N. II. In the winter of I859-'6o, he attended  highest type of manhood, make up a part of
lectures at Harvard University.  In  I86I, this peculiar fitness, and render his practice
he removed to Flitchburg to assist Dr. J. C. more than welcome to all his patients, and
Freeland in his practice.  During the winter his medical or surgical aid invaluable in all
following he attended the New York Hom-  cases of the more delicate sort.  No draughts
ceopathic Medical College, and received his upon his sympathy or self-sacrifice are too
diploma in March, I863, when he resumed  great to evoke a ready and hearty response.
practice in Flitchburg.  Here he has re- As a friend, all who really know him  admit
mained in constant devotion to the duties of  his possession of a peculiar and rarely-defined
his profession, which industrious and honor-  charm; yet he is reserved in his dispositions,
able efforts have established him a large and  except in a congenial atmosphere.  He is a
successful practice.  During the war he en- happy father and husband, and has sound
tertained the patriotic purpose of serving his reason to believe a " prudent wife is from the
country in the field, and enlisted; but soon  Lord."  He is also an active and noteworthy
ascertaining  that homceopathic physicians  member of the Congregational Church, and a
had no rigits which the medical department plain, earnest Christian, being a ready friend
of the army was disposed to acknowledge or to the poor and unfortunate, and a substanrespect, he therefore fulfilled his engagement tial helper of the needy.  He possesses an
to the United States Government for the term  extreme fondness for music, aids in sustaining
of three years by substitute.  He early es- local musical societies, and evinces a good
poused the temperance cause, and is an  degree of proficiency as a musician. Though
earnest advocate of its claims, as well as an  no politician, and utterly remote from a deofficer in the highest order of temperance  sire to be one, he is practically interested in
organizations.  He is also President of the  national, commonwealth, and municipal afWorcester Homceopathic Medical Society, fairs, and, by his influence, contributes to the
and a member of the homceopathic State and' success of every good cause in the city of his
National institutions, in which relations he  choice.  In a word, Dr. Whittier seeks to do
is distinguished by the love and confidence  a Christian gentleman's noble offices in the
of his associates.  Dr. Whittier does not world, the profession, the church, the social
aspire to a brilliant career, but is content to  circle, and at home.
rest in the confidence and gratitude of a
large circle of patrons and friends.  He is
not naturally fluent in the use of language,
nor an experienced speech maker.  At the             ILLIAMS, ISAIAH, M. D., of
present writing (I873) Dr. Whittier is in his          Clarence, Iowa, was born in Delthirty-ninth year.  His medical practice is of         aware county, O., May  I3th,
ten years' standing.  In that time he has               I820.  His grandfather was of
won a position inferior to that of no physician  Welsh ancestry.  He settled in central Ohio
in his vicinity, having as large a patronage as in  8o06, and preached there many years for
he could reasonably desire or serve; indeed, the pioneers and Indians. His father was a
so much do the demands for his services  farmer, and like so many others in those
exceed his desires and his time to meet them, early days of the New State, could give only
that he has secured the settlement of addi- the ordinary advantages of education to his
tional homceopathic physicians in the same  children.  Such as were available, however,
community.  He makes a specialty of dis- they made good use of, and thus laid the
eases of women and children; in this depart- foundation of future usefulness.
ment of professional labor he has acquired    Having fitted himself for the profession of
a large degree of skill.  The tender and  law, he became a member of the bar, but had
kindly traits of his character, ever true to the  the misfortune in I845 to lose his health from



3S0                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
an affection of the heart; and for three years Republican, and also a believer in women's
was, under allopathic treatment, confined to  rights and female suffrage; and is of the
his bed. Fortunately, however, a friend-   opinion that ladies make the best physicians;
the Rev. Mr. Gilbrooth, becoming cognizant hence he induced his wife to study medicine.
of this seemingly hopeless case, induced Dr. Although he ceased long ago to practise at
Clapp, a homceopathic physician of Worth- the bar, yet he finds his legal knowledge of
ington, O., to visit him. The poor afflicted  great advantage in enabling him to attend to
victim accepted his services, took his little  all his own legal business without aid.
pills, and inll two weeks was so far restored    Dr. Williams affords a forcible illustration
as to be able to leave his bed. From the  of the well-known fact, that the human maallopathic remedies he had not received the  chine will, within the range of possibilities,
least benefit.                             accommodate itself to circumstances.  HavNotwithstanding this wonderful evidence  ing most unfortunately lost his right hand two
in favor of homceopathy, he was so wedded  years since, the left now takes the place of
to the old faith and practice that when he  its more dexterous fellow, even writing in an
commenced the study of medicine, he read  astonishingly neat and legible manner. He
first with Dr. Badger, and then, in I850, in  adds another to the long list of those who by
Columbus, O., with Dr. Seegar, of the eclec- energy and perseverance win, in spite of
tic school.  Being attacked by fever while in  obstacles, an elevated position among their
the office of the latter, he was treated by him  fellow citizens.
according to his system; but after a week
had elapsed, the sufferer growing worse, and
the case becoming a dangerous one, Dr. Leustrom, a homceopathist, was called in, and in       OUGHTY, FRANCIS E., M. D.,
twelve hours the patient was decidedly on the         of New York city, was born in
mend. Though this was the second time he              Troy, N. Y., on August 14th,
was saved by homoeopathy, yet the young               I847.  His parents removed to
eclectic student felt it to be rather humiliat- New York city in 1853, and there he has
ing.  However, he pursued his studies, and  passed nearly the whole of his life. He rein I853, graduated at the Eclectic Medical ceived his literary education at the ComSchool in Cincinnati.                      mercial and Collegiate Institute of Yonkers.
Returning to Columbus with his diploma  He left school at eighteen years of age, and
in his trunk, he was again seized with violent having from an early period manifested a deillness; this time gastric colic being the cliffi- cided taste for dissection and for the study of
culty.  Under the hands, for forty-eight medicine, it was resolved by his parents that
hours, of Dr. J. G. Jones, founder of the  he should follow the bent of his inclination.
Eclectic Medical Institute, he grew worse  Accordingly he entered on the study of medinstead of better, when he again called in Dr. icine in the College of Physicians and SurLeustrom, who relieved him in two hours. geons of New York, where he graduated
This was the third time homceopathy raised  with distinction in the fall of I868.
him up when allopathy utterly failed to bene-   Immediately on receiving his diploma he
fit him. He now determined to study the  began practice in New York city. Shortly
new  system, and after fitting himself for afterward he received the appointment of
practice, located  at Central College, O., Surgeon and Physician to the New Yorlk
where he continued fifteen years, when he  Homceopathic Dispensary, a position that he
removed to Clarence, Iowa, in which place  still continues to hold. In the spring of
he has been most successful.               187I, he was appointed Professor of Surgery
Dr. Williams is a member of the Metho- in the New York Medical College for Women.
dist Episcopal Church.  In pclitics he is a A year later he was selected to fill the posi



HOMCEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                         383
lius Ormus, M. D., of Jamestown, N. Y. and inclination. He accordingly commenced
Having attended the lectures at the Cleve- the study of medicine and surgery under Dr.
land Homceopathic College, he graduated in  Willson, of Moorestown, at that time ProMarch, I859.  Locating at East Saginaw, fessor of Surgery.  Dr. Lippincott graduated
Mich., he formed a partnership with A. in the spring of I866, at the Homcmopathic
Farnesworth, M. D. Failing health obliged  Medical College of Pennsylvania. He settled
him to remove to Clymer, N. Y., where for immediately in Salem, where his urbanity,
nearly two years he enjoyed a large and  kindness, and skill were passports to the relucrative practice, when he again returned to  gard of all whose acquaintance he formed.
Saginaw, and continued the partnership with  In a comparatively few years he has made
A. Farnesworth, M. D., which lasted three  many friends and gained numerous adheryears.                                     ents to the cause of homceopathy.  As has
Having through earnest conviction deter- been seen, he commenced the practice of his
mined to practise homoeopathy, he became a profession at a late day, but rapid strides
zealous advocate of the system.  In I87I, he have placed him  above and beyond many
removed to Detroit, and devoted his atten- who made an early start in life.  Dr. Lippintion to the treatment of ear and eye diseases, cott is a profound thinker and close student,
and was elected to the chair of Anatomy and  and an earnest worker in his profession.
Physiology at the Detroit Homceopathic
Medical College, which position he still holds.
In I86o, he married Frances E. Davis.
He is a staunch and active advocate of           HOMAS, NATHAN  HOWtemperance, and  his  lectures  upon the              LAND, M. D., of Stowe, Vt.,
"Science of Anatomy, Physiology and Hy-               was born  at Woodstock, Vt.,
giene" are held in high repute.                       March I3th, I802.  His father,
He has occupied the chair of President of  Nathan Thomas, came from  Middleboro',
the Michigan Central Homceopathic Society, Mass., and his mother's maiden name was
but has declined all public office in order to  Rebecca Mayo.  His early education was
devote himself entirely to his profession.  received at Woodstock, and limited to such
as could be obtained at the district and select
schools of the place; though he acquired a
knowledge of Latin from Walter Chapen, a
IPPINCOTT, AQUILA B., M. D., Congregational minister.
of Salem, N. J., was born near   He commenced his medical studies undei
Moorestown, Burlington county, Dr. Joshua Gallup, Professor in the Wood
N. J., October ioth, I828.  He  stock Medical School, where he attended
is son of Aquila and Lydia Lippincott, mem- thr3e courses.  He also attended a course of
bers of the Society of Friends.  In I849, he  lectures at HIanover, N. H., and finally grad
married Miss Sarah A. Eldridge, an estimable  uated at Woodstock in 1830. On leaving
lady of sterling worth.                    school, he went to Stowe, becoming teachei
Until his eighteenth year Dr. Lippincott in the district school, and, in I83I, opened
attended the schools in his vicinity, then was  an office for the practice of medicine. The
sent to Gwynad  Boarding  School.   His town at that time being pretty well supplied
father being engaged in agricultural pursuits, with physicians, and there being but little
determined to have his son follow the same  sickness, he was compelled to wait for better
vocation. Dr. Lippincott was never satisfied  days. In the meantime he was obliged to
with the confinement of a farm life, and after eke out his income by keeping a school in
a trial of fifteen years, concluded he would find  the winter of I83I-'32.  At this time a disan occupation more congenial to his taste  ease appeared in the town which was sup



384                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPr-EDIA  OF
posed to be the small-pox.  He went to see  rence of the M. E. Church, and faithfully and
the first case, and found it to be a severe at- acceptably performed his duties as a minister
tack of measles, and so reported.  The dis- of the gospel, until in I858, in consequence
ease spread and raged through the town, so  of a severe attack of tracheitis, he was forced
that Dr. Thomas obtained the nickname of  to desist from  public speaking.  He then
the "measles doctor."  His reputation was turned his attention to the study of medicine,
thereby increased, as another practitioner had  which had ever a charm for him, and for the
immediately pronounced the first case to be  practice of which he was evidently well fitted:
one of small-pox, and he soon found himself  indeed, so well educated as regards theory
enjoying a fair practice.  He continued for and practice had he become, through his ownl
over twenty years practising according to the  private readings, that at the end of his first
theory of the old school.                   course of lectures at the Missouri Medical
In I853, he chanced to meet a traveller at College, he was deemed by the faculty as
the hotel, who told him  that he had been  worthy of a diploma, which he, however, dewhere the Asiatic cholera was raging as an  cined until he should have pursued the full
epidemic, and assured him that more cases course of study as usually prescribed; although
had been cured by homoeopathy, than by the  he afterward practised successfully at Nashopposite system.  Incredulous at first, Dr. ville, Ills., and continued to do so, until he
Thomts, however, resolved to investigate for attended his second course at the -Iomoeopahimself.  He procured Hahnemann's " Orga- thic Medical College of Missouri, from which
non," and some medicines, and, after some  he graduated, in I862.  He then located in
study and various experiments, was forced to  Madison county, Ills., where he remained,
admit, though against his will, that the new  until I872, when he returned to Nashville,
system  was the true one.  From  the year where he has a large and well paying practice.
1854 to the present time, he has invariably  There being no homoeopathic surgeon near
treated his patients according to the principles  that place, he has been forced to perform sevof homceopathy.  At the commencement, he  eral important surgical operations, whichl
met with violent opposition from his allopathic  were attended with such success as to greatly
brethren, who contemptuously styled him the  enhance his reputation for skilfulness, and
" little pill pedlar."                      also to demonstrate that the honmceopathic
Dr. Thomas has held the office of Overseer treatment is not only efficacious in disease,
of the Poor, in Stowe, for many consecutive  but also equally efficient in surgery.
years.  He was elected Assistant Judge of
Lamville County Court, in 184I-'42, and was
also elected County Commissioner, in the year
I846.  His practice now is large and lucra-          ERRELL, S. A., M. D., of Council
tive.                                                  Bluffs, Iowa, was born in York
county, Me., in the year I828.
Tell years after, his family moved
ERNREUTER, CONRAD, M.D., to Illinois, and, in the winter of 1848, he
of Nashville, Washington county, commenced his preparatory course of study
Ills., was born in the city of Bai- at Illinois College, Jacksonville, and graduated
reuth, Bavaria, Germany, Novem- in I853; being then in feeble health, having
her 26th, I826.  While he was yet a youth, long suffered from dyspepsia, he engaged in
his father brought the family to America, and  the study of medicine, and graduated at the
settled on a farm  in Madison county, Ills. Eclectic Medical School of Cincinnati, but,
Being by nature devoutly inclined, young  becoming disgusted with the poor success so
Bernreuter studied for the ministry, and, in  frequently attending the practice of the old
1852, was admitted into the Illinois Confe- school, he abandoned all intention of practis



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               385
ing, and was engaged ill teaching, until the  at Otis, Mass.  Under the medical tuition of
beginning of the war, when he accepted a J. B. Gifford he continued his preparatory
position in the United States Military Hospi- studies for three years.  Before entering upon
tal at Kansas City, Mo., which was conducted  his collegiate course, he became connected
under homoeopathic auspices.  There he re- with the mercantile house of Haley & Waters,
mained two years, and had ample opportunity  at Otis, which engaged a large portion of his
to study the new system both theoretically and  time for three years longer; but the dominant
practically, in acute and in chronic cases. thought and object of his life was the study
Gratified and astonished at the marked suc-  and practice of medicine, and his motto, sizicess attending the new  system, he gladly  Zia silmilibus curanltur.  In fact his tastes and
adopted it with the intent of doing all in his habits all indicated, and his subsequent sucpower to diffuse a knowledge of this the only  cess as a practitioner has proved, that he was,
scientific method of treating disease, and of, as his tutor once remarked, a natural physiaccording to his ability, assisting through its  cian.  On relinquishing mercantile pursuits,
means to mitigate human suffering.  In the  he entered the Hahnemann Medical College
fall of I863, he, therefore, commenced prac- at Chicago, from  which he graduated with
tice under the new  standard.  In  8S65, he  high merit, and soon after married Miss Anmoved to Council Bluffs, where he was busily  nette G. Fenn, of Otis, Mass.
engaged in his profession, until 1870, when,    In 1862, Dr. Haley moved to Urbana,
his health having failed in consequence of a  Champaigne county, Ills., but being at that
partial sunstroke, he moved to a farm  near time in very poor health, he deemed it best
the city, and for a time was compelled to re- for a time to engage rather in the healthful
linquish practice; Nwhich, however, having  exercises of a farmer's life, than in the irreregained his health, he has now resumed.  In  gular duties and continual anxieties attending
the fall of 186o, Dr. Merrell married Miss the practice of his profession; for two years,
Mary E., daughter of Jno. Granville Deering, therefore, he devoted his time to improving
Esq., of Independence, Mo.                  one of the largest and best farms in the county,
and soon proved himself as capable a farmer,
as he has since shown himself to be a skilful
physician.
ALEY, HENRY A., M. D., of Ur-    As a knowledge of his profession became
bana, Champaigne county, Ills., disseminated, his services were sought for,
was born April Ioth, I830, in  though, as the pioneer homceopath in that
Blandford,  Hampden   county, county, he had much ridicule to bear with,
Mass., and was the only son of Tucker Haley, and much prejudice to overcome.
Esq., who settled in that place in the year    His first case was a patient ten years of
I820.  In early life, Dr. Haley for a long  age, suffering from pneumonia in its second
time had very poor health, and the allopathic  stage.  There was much cerebral disturbance,
course of treatment pursued in his case seemed  and very considerable hepatization of the
as often to aggravate as to mitigate the disease  right lung, indeed all the symptoms were unfrom which he suffered.  Yet at a very early  favorable, and it was a most unpromising
age, his father having allowed him to choose  " first case."  Confident, however, of the
his o'wn profession, he selected that of medi-  efficacy of his remedies, and reliant upon nacine, and while quite a youth, he, by devoting  ture's law of cure, notwithstanding the evident
all his leisure hours to its study, acquired a  want of confidence on the part of the parents,
very considerable  knowledge of anatomy, and the manifest contempt evinced by their
physiology, and disease. His academic course  fiiends for the " tasteless, worthless stuff" he
was commenced at Blandford, continued at dealt out so charily, Dr. Haley prepared the
the Westfield University, and finally finished  medicines required, and though with some
25



386                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
misgivings as to the results in that particular Mr. Massey received his degree of M. D. at
case, endeavored to inspire the parents with  the close of a session of the medical departsome respect for his ability, and some confi- ment of New York University, in I845-'46.
dence in the potency of his remedies.  If he  In November of the latter year, he married
did not sleep unusually sound that night, he  Kate, daughter of Frederick Coffin, of Chauhad at least the consolation of reflecting that mont; practised there four years, and removed
he was by no means the only young physician  to Rutland, in the same county, where he rewho had found himself somewhat restless on  mained two years, removing to Sandusky,
account of his first critical case.  On an early  early in 1854, where he has resided for ninevisit the next morning, however, he found all teen years.
his hopes more than realised; every symptom    Having paid some attention to homceopawas improved, the parents themselves were  thy before removing to Sandusky, I)r. Massey
aware of the change, and were as much sur-  resolved to commence the practice there, and
prised as delighted.                        formed a co-partnership, which lasted three
From that time forward, the doctor's course years, with D. T. Kramer, M. D. He won
was continuously from one triumph to another, charge of the County Infirmary from the alloand his success seemed only equalled by the  pathists, in I86I, and held it for ten consecubitter enmity which arose in the minds of  tive years against many efforts for his removal.
some of his opponents in practice; he, how-  The Cleveland HIomeeopathic College has
ever,' "pursued the even tenor of his way,"  conferred upon him  its ad euzndem  degree.
and his ever increasing popularity caused his  He is a member of the State Society, of the
enemies, first, to change their tactics, bitter American  Institute  of Homceopathy, and
opposition and ridicule being alike unavailing;  member and President of the Sandusky City
they gradually, to some extent, adopted his  Councils, having held the latter office two
method of treatment, eventually they courted  terms.
his friendship and acquaintance, and finally
some of them even sought a business connection with him.  The doctor, however, having          EWIS, EMLIN, M. D., of Omaha,
thus far fought his own battles, won for him-          Neb., was born in Morrow county,
self an enviable reputation, and paved the             0., April 4th, I838.  His father,
way to certain success, prefers to enjoy the           Griffith Lewis, was a native of
credit and the profits of his labors, and him-  Pennsylvania, but was brought by his parents
self to reap the harvest his good deeds now  to Central Ohio in early infancy.  His mother,
bring him.                                  Anna Wood, was a native of Plattsburgh, N.Y.
Dr. Lewis was reared amid the influences of
a country life, and from early childhood spent
ASSEY, ISAIAH  BATES, M. D., most of his time in agricultural pursuits-his
of Sandusky, O., was born in  father being a farmer.  Here doubtless he
Watertown, Jefferson county, N. laid the foundation of that strong physical
Y., January I7th, 182I; educated  constitution which is so essential to the suc
in the common schools of that place, and gra- cessful physician.
duated from the Black River Literary Insti-    The financial condition of his father would
tute, in I838.  After serving one year as a  not permit him  to give his son a collegiate
dry goods clerk, and one as clerk in the  course of education, and it was in the comCounty Clerk's office, he studied four years mon school, where he received the rudimenwith  Dr. Bates, of Brownsville, Jefferson  tary training, which acted as a key to unlock
county, attending lectures at Castleton Medi- the hidden stores afterward brought out by
cal College, Vt., in I843-'44.  After a year his own individual exertion.  At the age of
with H. W. Hills, M. D., of Chaumont, N.Y., twenty-one years, he entered the normal de.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           387
partment of the Iowa State University, and  gan, in the autumn of I853. The following
was for a short time under the instruction of  winter he attended a full course of lectures in
that eminent educator, D. Franklin Wells. the Homceopathic College of Cleveland, and
The doctor was married October Igth, I86I, graduated from that institution, in the spring
to Miss A. M. Shepard, a native of Lynn, of I855.
Mass. He taught several terms of school   Soon after graduating, Dr. Finster formed
both before and after his marriage.  Although  a co-partnership with Dr. E. H. Drake, of
he engaged in different active pursuits, he was  Detroit, Mich., for the term of two years, at
ever surrounded by books, and ere long he  the expiration of which lie removed to Port
found himself the possessor of over one hun- Huron, his present place of abode. He was
dred volumes, mostly of a literary and scien- the first homceopathic physician in the place,
tific character.  His first impressions of ho- and he had to struggle very hard for a nummceopathy were received from his wife, who  ber of years against the life time prejudices
brought to the household a copy of Pulte's  of the residents in introducing the new sys" Domestic," and a case of medicines. In  tem.  He persevered courageously, however,
the spring of 1870, he entered the office of  giving his opponents no excuse for fault findDr. W. H. H. Sisson, of Omaha, bringing  ing by ever so slight a remissness in his duty,
with him a mind well stored with the elements and finally through his success in treatment
of a medical education, and began in earnest overcame all opposition, and has built up a
to fit himself for a professional life. By dint practice second to that of no other physician
of that perseverance and energy, which ever in the city.
characterized his pursuits, he made rapid pro-    His skill is now questioned by none, not
gress, and on the 23rd of February, 1872, he  even by his rivals of the old school, while he
was graduated with honor from the Hahne- possesses in large measure those other qualimann Medical College of Chicago. Although  ties of patience, gentleness, genial manners,
young in the active duties of the profession, and cheerfulness that go so far to make the
he has gained an enviable reputation as a true family physician.
successful practitioner.                     Dr. Finster has taken some part in public
affairs, but only in the line of his profession.
Thus, for instance, he has held the office of
City Physician, and during his occupation of
INSTER, FREDERICK, M. D., that position was chosen President of the
of Port Huron, Mich., was born  Board of Health.  The duties of these offices
in Bavaria, Germany, on April he discharged in a singularly able and satis3rd, I83I.  His parents, when he  factory manner.
was six years old, emigrated to the United    Dr. Finster was married, in I858, to Lydia
States, and have lived most of the time in  A. Kimball.
Detroit.  He received a sound English education in the common schools of the city, and
having manifested a taste for the study of me-     ERRINE, GEORGE  W., M.D.,
dicine, was, in 1850, placed for the purpose         of Milwaukee, Wis., was born in
tunder the supervision of John Ellis, M. D.,         Lyons, Wayne county, N. Y., Deauthor of "Unavoidable Causes of Disease,"            cember I6th, I8I6.  He graand " Family Homoeopathy," now residing in  duated at Geneva Medical College, in I839.
New York city, and of S. B. Thayer, M. D. He first practised at Syracuse, N. Y., and
After remaining in those physicians' offices for afterwards at Lyons, N. Y., in both places
some while and making considerable progress making extended and favorable reputation.
in his studies, he entered the College of Me- In I855, he removed to Milwaukee, where he
dicine and Surgery in the University of Michi- remained the balance of his life. Previous to



388                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPIEDIA  OF
his removal to Milwaukee, in the year I853, system of vitalized inhalation.  On the 2d
he adopted the tenets of homceopathy, having  day of January, I873, he removed to Indianprevious to that time been prominent as an  apolis to make a specialty of the treatment of
old school physician.  Resolutions of respect nasal catarrh, lung disease, and the diseases
to his memory were unanimously adopted by  of women.
the members of the Illinois Homceopathic    He has never been a politician, but has
Association, the Wisconsin State  Medical followed the natqral bent of his mind, devotSociety, the physicians of Milwaukee in  ing his whole time, talents and energy to his
public meeting, and the vestry of St. Paul's  profession.
Protestant Episcopal Church of Milwaukee,
of which church he was from his youth a
zealous and devoted member.  He  died               ORTON, LUCIEN  H., M. D., of
April 20oth, 1872, aged fifty-five years.             Bridgeport, Conn., was born at
New  Marlboro', Mass., November 2d, I82I.  His grandfather
was an officer in the revolutionary war, and
TARR, CALVIN, M. D., of In- his father in the war of I812. His father
dianapolis, Ind., was born on the  being a farmer of considerable ability, desired
2d day of April, 1822, on the  him for agricultural pursuits, but on account
site of the present city of North  of his slight physique relinquished this purColumbus, Franklin county, 0.  He is of  pose and permitted him to choose a different
English descent.   His grandfather, John  and more congenial occupation.  For several
Starr, Sr., was a resident of Nova Scotia, but years in early life he was a successful teacher,
emigrated at an early day to Connecticut, and then commenced the study of medicine
and served as a soldier and received honor- in an allopathic school of some celebrity in
able wounds in the revolutionary war. His  Pittsfield, Mass. After receiving his diploma
father, John Starr, Jr., left Connecticut in  from  that institution, he commenced the
I812 to settle as a pioneer in Ohio, where the  study of homceopathy with the late Dr. Shu6,
capital city of that State now stands, and  of Hartford, and continued it with the late
where, at that time, there was but a small Dr. George Cooke, of New York.  After
log cabin.  He was here reared to agricul- practising a few months in Patterson, N. J.,
tural pursuits, receiving his education  at he removed to Bridgeport. He commenced
Central College, O.  Completing this, he  the practice of homoeopathy under the most
read medicine under competent direction in  adverse circumstances, as he found the comColumbus, and attended two full courses of  munity entirely ignorant of the system, and
lectures in Starling Medical College, and a met with decided opposition from the allothird course in the Cleveland Homceopathic  pathic physicians.  Soon after his entrance
Medical College, from which latter institution  upon practice, he wrote and published a
be graduated in I85I.  He immediately lo- pamphlet, explaining  and  defending  the
cated for practice in Xenia, O., where he was principles of homceopathy, which may have
married in September of the same year. had some influence in preparing the way for
The following year he removed to Spring- his subsequent success.  This commenced
field, O., where he enjoyed a successful with some remarkable cures performed by
practice of six years; and after that to Iowa  him; and, during a dysenteric epidemic, his
City, Iowa, where he remained in active  reputation as a skilful and successful physiduty for twelve years in introducing pure  cian was fully established.  Since that time
homceopathy.  For the past two years he has his practice has rapidly increased, and is
been engaged in the treatment of lung dis- now very large and lucrative.
eases in and about Zanesville, O., by his    He was firmly loyal during the war; and



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          389
when, in response to an appeal from the  New York public schools, he spent a year or
Soldiers' Aid Society of Bridgeport, immense  two at a private school, and subsequently
quantities of supplies from all parts of the  fitted for college at the Cornelius Institute,
State of Connecticut were sent to its regi- then, under the principalship of the late Rev.
ments on the Atlantic coast, he was appointed  Dr. Owen. In the fall of I846, he entered
First Commissioner to accompany them, on  the Wesleyan University, located at Middlethe steamer " Arago," and to attend to their town, Conn., from which he graduated in
proper distribution.  Upon his return he  I850, with the Latin Salutatory Oration, the
wrote an interesting report of his mission, next to the highest honor. He then entered
which was published with the general report the Union Theological Seminary in New
of the Society. At the close of the twenty- York city, where he remained until February,
fifth year of his residence in Bridgeport, his  I851, when he was appointed assistant to
friends and patrons, to the number of more  Dr. Owen, then Professor of the Latin and
than three hundred, effectually surprised him  Greek languages in the New  York  Free
by taking possession of his spacious parlors  Academy, now the College of the City of
for the evening. Many were the expressions  New York. In June, I868, he received the
of regard and esteem, with wishes for a long  honorary degree of Ph. D. from the Univerand happy life, together with numerous and  sity of the City of New York.
valuable gifts as tokens of gratitude for one    He afterward turned his attention to mediwho had so long ministered to them and their cal studies, and attended lectures during the
families. The occasion was one of peculiar winter of I869-'70, in the New York Hominterest. Dr. Norton remarked that he had  ceopathic Medical College, then under the
never seen a better and healthier looking set Deanship of the late Dr. Beakley.  In June,
of patients.                               I 1870, he was elected President of Albion
Having an excessive fondness for music, College, at Albion, Mich., and having served
Dr. Norton was fortunate in marrying an  in that capacity for one year, removed to
accomplished musician, the only daughter of  Detroit, and accepted a position under the
Rev. P. F. Holly, a clergyman in Sandisfield, Board of Edclcation of that city. While here
Mass. They have had three sons, two of  he was chosen as Lecturer on Medical Juriswhom are now living. Dr. Norton was the  prudence in the Detroit Homceopathic Medipioneer of homeopathy in Fairfield county; cal College; and in February, I873, received
has been several times President of the Con- the degree of Doctor of Medicine from that
necticut State Homceopathic Society, and is institution.  He is also the editor of several
a member of the American  Institute of  classical books for beginners.
Homceopathy..With a strong constitution and fine health,
he hopes to live to recommend homceopathy
in his own practice, and to see the system      mAIL, GEORGE W., M. D., of
established on such a foundation as shall            Bowling Green, O., was born in
render it universally prevalent in the conm-         Twinsburg, Summit county, O.,
munity.                                              January 4th, 1830. He was edu
cated at Twinsburg, under the Rev. Samuel
Bissell, and also at Findlay, O.  Hc never
I E B E R,  TI L L I A M  BEIN- took a regular collegiate course, however,
IHAUER, M. D., Ph. D., of De- until he studied medicine.  He commenced
troit, Mich., was born in the  the pursuit of his chosen profession under the
city of New York, on the 22d  direction of Dr. C. H. B. Kellogg. While
day of November, 1826. He is of German  waiting to be sufficiently prepared to gradudescent. After having attended at one of the  ate, the Southern war broke out, and drop



IIOM(IEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        391
At the invitation of Dr. A. E. Sumner,  IHe commenced practice, on leaving colMedical Director of the Brooklyn Homceo- lege, at Holly, in Michigan, removing in the
pathic Dispensary, he accepted the Clinic of  fall of I867 to his present location.  FollowDiseases of the Digestive Organs, attending  ing the methods of his preceptors at first, he
the institution on alternate days of the week. was afterwards led to the use of the single
Dr. Nott entertains a warm interest in all remedy and to the higher potencies as a rule,
that pertains to homeopathy.  He lives in  and, necessarily, to a much closer and more
the hope that he may witness the time when  methodical observation and study.  In his
the prejudices of the schools may disappear, practical progress, he became an enthusiastic
and allow liberal-minded physicians of re- student of Materia Medica; chronic and obstispectable standing to consult together.  This nate diseases which were unyielding to his
he regards as a mutual advantage to physi- former practice, now becoming amenable to
cian and patient.                          his improved methods of study and prescription. His method of study and of selecting
the remedy he has ably set forth in the
"Medical Investigator" of Chicago, vols.
ALCOLM, JOHN  G., of Flint, 7, 8 and 9.
Genesee county, Mich., was born    He has always been a believer in repubin the city of Aberdeen, Scotland, lican government, and is an advocate of the
on the ISth day of April, I830, elevation of the masses and the improvement
and came to the neighborhood of Woodstock, of their moral and physical condition; is a
Oxford county, Canada West, in I832. In  strong temperance man, a materialist in philI852, and the year following, he attended the  osophy, and, in religion, a believer in whatNormal School in the city of Toronto, grad-  ever seems good and true, and in harmony
uating in the latter year with the highest writh the discoveries of science and common
honors of the institution, being the successful sense. Patient and methodical in his studies,
competitor for the Governor-General's first pursuing his investigations with great zeal
prize on chemistry.  Whilst attending this and enthusiasm, he is not content until he
school he was attacked with erysipelas of the  clearly perceives the solution of the many
face and head, and being very averse to the  difficult and ever varying problems that pretaking of drugs, he refused for some time to  sent themselves for solution to the general
allow any physician to be. called, but finally  practitioner of medicine.
consented to be treated by Dr. Smith, a
homoeopathic  physician.   The  treatment
beiug a success, he was led to investigate the
system, and from that time to the present has  I    RESTON, HENRY CANFIELD,
been its earnest friend and advocate.  He             A. M., M. D., of St. John, New
commenced his studies in I862, with a view            Brunswick, was born in  New
to entering the profession, attending his first       York city on March 5th, 1822.
term  at the University  of Michigan  in  He is the son of Zephaniah Preston, a retired
I863-'64, and graduated from the New York  merchant living in Hartford, Conn.  His
Homccopathic Medical College in I866. He  family originally came from  England and
studied first under the instructions of Dr. G. settled in Connecticut. His mother was a
C. Field, of Woodstock, Canada West, and  descendant of the Canfields, the Irish rebels,
afterwards under Dr. R. J. P. Morden, of  as they were called, in the time of George I1I.
London, Canada West; both of his precep- He received his academical education at
tors being what is called low potency men, Washington College, Hartford, Conn., from
and usually administering from two to four which he took the degree of A. B. in I842,
remedies in alternation or rotation.       and in 1845, that of A. M.; the college being



392                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPzEDIA OF
then known as Trinity.  Electing the medi-  now number among his patients and the decal profession early in life, he commenced  voted adherents of the cause of homceopathy
his studies with  Dr. Brigham, a second  a majority of the leading intellectual and
cousin, then a leading surgeon in the College  political men of the P.rovince, members of the
of Physicians and Surgeons, and afterwards  several governments, Judges of the Supreme
Superintending Physician of the Connecticut Court, the prominent lawyers, clergymen and
Retreat for the Insane; and still later, at the  merchants of St. John.
head of the Insane Hospital of New York,    From 1852 to 1856, Dr. Preston was assoat Utica, where he died.  HIe attended lec- ciate editor and a constant contributor to the
tures at the University of Pennsylvania, and  P/ziiaaelepzia Jourznal of Homtaopa/zy; from
graduated from the University of New York  1855 to I86o, associate editor of the lVo-rtl
in March, I844.                             American  7z-ournoal of IlomnoIaat/zy.   In
He began practice as an allopath in Wind-  1852, he was President of the R'hode Island
sor, Conn.  In I846, he married a daughter  Hlomceopathic Society.
of Colonel Samuel Green, the oldest news-    He has had six sons and one daughter.
paper editor then living, residing in New  The eldest son, Dr. Henry Green Preston, is
London, Conn.  He then removed to Hart- practising in Albany, N. V., and is chief surford, and becoming converted to homceopathy  geon of the new homceopathic hospital in
there by his own reading and experience of  that place.
the want of a scientific basis for the so-called
allopathic or antipathic system, he went to
Providence, R. I., in the spring of 1848.            TRONG, O. G., M. D., of Canton,
There he remained until the autumn  of                  Ills., was born on the I2th of
I857.  In the summer of that year he was               August. I8I8, near Wilkesville,
induced to visit St. John, New Brunswick, to           in Meigs county, 0.  IIe was the
see some patients of Dr. Peterson, a young  son of Ozias Strong, a lawyer by profession
homceopathic practitioner of that place, and  and a farmer and magistrate in Salem Townat the solicitation of some of the wealthy in- ship for thirty years.  He received his early
habitants, also on account of his health, he  education in Ohio, and turning his attention
settled there in the spring of I858.  He has to the subject of medicine, attended lectures
a large and lucrative practice, and purposes  at the Allopathic Medical College at Columremaining in the place while he continues in  bus, O., in I842-'43.  He then practised his
active professional service.                profession for several years, and removing to
When he first arrived in St. John, homceo-  St. Louis, after following his professional
pathy was just beginning to attract attention, duties for a year or two in that city, removed
ridicule and persecution.  His predecessors to Hannibal, Mo., to enter into mercantile
were Dr. Von Schraeder, afterwards a some- business.  In I853, he was elected to the
what distinguished officer in the Union army  office of Marshal and Collector of the City
during the war, and Dr. J. C. Peterson, who  Revenue, and in 1855, he went to Lagrange,
left to join the army on the outbreak of the  Mo., to engage in the manufacture of tobacco,
war, and attained the rank of major before  where, in the following year, he was chosen
neeting death.  Neither of them had suffi- as Recorder and Police Magistrate.  During
cient knowledge and experience in medicine  his residence in this city he was led to invesor surgery to give confidence to the public, tigate homceopathy, and made many experiand, like all pioneers, were the subject of a  mental applications with the higher attenuagood  deal of persecution.  Dr. Preston, tions and with different potencies, and was
therefore, fairly claims to have been the one  delighted with his success.  In 1858, he reto establish homceopathy on a firm basis in  moved to Canton, Ills., and commenced the
the Province of New Brunswick.  He can  practice of homceopathy in partnership with



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             393
Dr. James Melrose, then a resident of Canton. ness again made inroads upon his health, and,
He continued in this relation for two years, he was obliged to leave the bank for more
when, Dr. Melrose dying, he was left to con- active out-door employment.
tinue alone a successful practice, which he    In I856, he married Miss Hattie E. Ware,
has done to this time.  In I864, he was ap- only daughter of John H. Ware, of Chillipointed Physician of the County Almshouse. cothe, 0.  Successes and reverses followed
He graduated fi-om the Homceopathic Medi- in Council Bluffs and Kansas City, Mo.,
cal College of Missouri in iS68, and his third  until I86o, when he went to Chicago, deterson, C. H. Strong, has just finished his first mined to carry out his original intentions and
course at the Pulte Medical College of Cin- impulses to become a physician.  In 1862,
cinnati, where he was entered, in the fall of  while yet a student of medicine, he wrote a
IS72, for the full graded course of three  pamphlet, entitled  "Medical Electricity,"
years.                                     which was published and sold by Mr. C. S.
I-Ialsey, of Chicago. He graduated at Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, in the spring
of I864, and immediately entered upon an
RASER, EDWIN  J., M. D., of  active practice in that city. The following
San Francisco, Cal., was born in  year he was induced to go to Erie, Pa., and
Haldemand, Canada West, Au- take the practice of Dr. N. Seymour, who,
gust I4th, I830.  He is a de- owing to the death of his only child, had
scendant from the old Scottish Fraser family. temporarily  abandoned  a large practice.
IHis great-grandfather emigrated to this coun- During his five years' residence in Erie he
try prior to the revolutionary war, and settled  enjoyed a large and lucrative practice, and
in Massachusetts.  The family subsequently  drew around him  a large number of warm
removed to Jefferson county, N. Y., where  firiends. In the spring of 1870, he sold his
Zebina Fraser,. the father of the doctor, was property and practice and removed with his
born.  He, in turn, emigrated to Canada  family to San Francisco, and immediately
West. The family have always maintained  and diligently went to work and was active
a reputation for morality, integrity, and a in the organization and maintenance of the
steadiness of purpose so peculiar to their an-  San Francisco County and California State
cestral stock.  Dr. Fraser, however, always  Homceopathic Medical Societies, the first
venerated  his  intellectual and  Christian  homceopathic  organization on  the Pacific
mother with a devotion far above all other coast, and has filled the office of Correspondfamily considerations. Early in life he pos- ing Se'cretary of both societies from  their
sessed an intense thirst for knowledge and a beginning to the present time. Ile is also a
desire to practise the healing art.  He availed  diligent worker in behalf of the San Franhimself of the best educational advantages at cisco Medical and Surgical Free Dispensary,
his command, which to him were insufficient and much of its success depends upon his
and unsatisfactory; so much so, that he emi- efforts.  His diligence and industry have
grated to Ohio at the age of twenty. After brought their just reward in the form of a
three years of diligent study at Beria and  very large and rapidly increasing medical and
Oberlin, his health failed, and he was obliged  surgical practice. Being a man of actions
to abandon his classical course. After resting  rather than words, he is better known at
a few months he took a course of commercial home than abroad. Very few  physicians,
study in Cleveland, after which he went to  however, have secured the ardent devotion
Iowa and filled an engagement of two years  of their friends in a greater degree. He has
as clerk and book-keeper in the banking  written but very few articles for the medical
house of Greene, Wean & Benton, at Council press, but those have been noted for their
Bluffs.  Too diligent an application to busi- terseness and perspicuity.



394 +BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
EID, FIDELIA RACHEL HAR-    On the outbreak of the war she formed a
RIS, M. D., of Nebraska City, band of nurses under the sanction of GoverNeb., was born in Portland, Chau- nor A. W. Randall, of Wisconsin.  Early in
tauqua county, N. V., on April September of that year, by order of the War
I9th, 1826.  Her parents, Ebenezer Harris  Department, she proceeded to St. Louis, where
and Rachel Baldwin, both of Vermont, were  she assisted in organizing and establishing
first cousins, and she is the fourth child in a  under the joint auspices of the government
family of nine, all of whom lived to raise  officers and  the Sanitary Commission  the
families.  Her ancestors, six or seven gene- Fifth, the Fourth Street, and the Marine Hosrations back, came from England. She was pitals.  She also acted for a time as agent of
educated in public and private schools, and in  the Sanitary Commission in visiting and disthe village academy.  At fourteen years of  tributing supplies to the Ironton, Pilot Knob,
age, she became a school-teacher, and con- and Victoria Hospitals; and for a month had
tinued in this occupation until her twenty-  charge of the Post Hospital at Sulphur Springs.
sevenith year, being a pupil herself during the    In June, 1862, with broken health, through
winter seasons until attaining her majority. labors in caring for the sick and wounded
At seventeen she underwent a severe and  from the battle of Pittsburg Landing, she was
painful operation on her neck to relieve a  compelled to return home.  In the spring of
troublesome disfigurement caused by a fright-  I869, she removed to Nebraska, desiring a
ful burn received in infancy. She had always  warmer and drier climate.  Her health has
taken a deep interest in physiology and in  improved by the change, but she has not remedical literature, reading Coombe's " Phy- gained strength to resume full practice.
siology " when only twelve years old, but the
suffering she endured during the three years
following the operation determined her to become a physician, should her health ever be          ILLER, ALVIN  I., M.D., of Shipsufficiently restored.  Accordingly as she felt        pensburg, Pa., was born near the
reasonable assurance of continued life, she be-        town of Mechanicsburg, Cumber —
gan teaching incessantly in order to provide            land county, Pa., November 5th,
means to attend a medical college.  In 1854, 1849. He is the youngest son of Isaac Milshe began a regular course of medical studies  ler, a highly respected and well to do citizen
under a private preceptor.  During the win- of that place, who taught his children early
ter of I855-'56,she read and practised under the habits of industry and application, the
Dr. O. Davis, formerly Professor of Obstetrics  youngest son receiving his full share.  From
in the New York Central Medical College, boyhood he displayed a taste for the study of
but at that time conducting the Eclectic The- anatomy and physiology, and at public schools
rapeutic Institute, Attica, N. Y.  In I856, was distinguished for his proficiency in these
she entered, and, in 1857, graduated from the  branches.  Leaving public school with a very
Eclectic Medical College, Cincinnati.       creditable education, he attended the State
On graduating, she began practice at Beaver Normal School of Millersville, Pa., devoting
Dam, Wis. On July Ist, I86o, she married  his time and attention principally to studies
at her old home Rev. H. A. Reid, a Unitarian  pertaining to the profession he had in view.
clergyman.  Soon thereafter, she became es- Returning from this institution, he taught in
pecially interested in homceopathy, studied it one of the public schools at Carlisle with
with her husband, who only a few years be- marked success both as instructor and discifore had left the medical profession, and  plinarian.
eventually adopted it, retaining only a few    He commenced the study of medicine with
eclectic formulas, with which she had been  Dr. Isaac Lefever of Mechanicsburg, and had
especially successful.                      the reputation of being a very close and assi



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS                                 395
duous student, making rapid progress in all ing funds for study.  At twenty-three, she
his studies.  He completed his professional married Hazard D. Chase, a student of Michieducation at the Hahnemann Medical College  gall University.  In a few months lie enlisted
of Philadelphia, where he missed but one  in the Union Army, leaving her for four years
lecture during the two full courses of his at- to struggle with unheard of privations and
tendance, an event eliciting very favorable  difficulties.  When  her husband  returned,
comment.  He pursued his medical studies both resumed the study of honceopathy with
for three years, and after graduating, located Dr. Bosler, of Dayton, O. In the fall of
at Shippensburg, in his native county, where  I868, they entered the Cleveland Itospital
his habits of industry and application, and  College, attended two courses of lectures, and
true professional zeal and energy have ac- graduated ill I870.  They then opened an
quired for him  an extended and rapidly in- office in Cleveland, where they commenced
creasing practice.                          the homceopathic practice.  She devoted herself to instructing her sex in the nature of
their peculiar diseases and organization, for
which purpose she lectured in the churches
EHASE, MRS. SARAH  BLAKE-  of Cleveland and the adjoining towns, always
LEE, M. D., of Brownhelm, Lo- to appreciative and approving audiences. The
raine county, O., was born in  severe labor to which these lectures subjected
Richmond, Clermont county, O., her, undermined her health, and made a reJanuary I8th, 1837. She was the daughter moval to Ziterville, Pa., necessary.  Unforof a Presbyterian clergyman, who, after spend- tunately this removal neither lessened their
ing some time in missionary labor among the  labors, nor improved her condition.  Finally
colored population of Jamaica, W. I., settled  it became necessary to abandon all business,
in Broome county, where the subject of our and seek some retreat, where she might resketch was raised.  lShe early manifested a  store her overworn faculties, and fit them for
Drilliant intellect, and a persevering disposi- future usefulness. They removed to Browncion that indicated success in all her pursuits. helm, O., where they at present reside and
At the age of twelve, she manifested a strong  practice, beloved and respected by all who
desire, to become a missionary, and to obtain  know them.  Mrs. Chase was the first woman
a classical and medical education, in order to  admitted into the Medical Society of Clevebe able to minister to the physical and mental land, and Homceopathic Association of Ohio.
wants of her fellows.  Numerous obstacles  If devotion to the interests of her sex, perstood in her way, among them the foolish pre-  severance in qualifying herself to befriend
judice against women engaging in such em- them, and the endurance of herculean labors
ployments, and, not the least, soul-humbling  in their cause, entitle to veneration and grapoverty.  Funds she had none., and her father titude, the ladies of our country owe to Mrs.
could afford her very little assistance.  Yet Chase a debt of infinite  dimension  and
she bravely met and conquered all her diffi-  boundless extent.
culties. At sixteen she commenced teaching,
at the same time studying; thus alternating1
between teacher and pupil she passed her
time.  At the age of twenty-one, she gra- II-        HASE, HAZARD  DE FOREST,
duated at the Alfied University, Allegheny      -.,w   M. D., of Brownhelm, O., was
county, N. Y. One point was gained, but her            born in Schoharie county, N. Y.,
conquest was scarcely half won; to obtain a             September I3th, I833.
medical education was more difficult than a    He was educated at Michigan University.
classical. In spite of opposition, she con- I-He always had a preference for medical stutinued teaching, supporting herself and rais- dies, but became disgusted with allopathy. In



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            397
RAHAM, DAVID, M. D., of Egg  member of the Provincial Parliament of
Harbor, Door county, Wis., was Canada, and brother to the late Surgeonborn in Perry, Lake county, O., General J. T. Hill, M. D., of New Orleans,
February 23d, ISI5.  He re- La., whose bright but short career made him
ceived only a common school education, and  admired, beloved and lamented by a very
was apprenticed at sixteen years of age to  widely extended acquaintance.  His mother,
learn iron moulding.  He was married in  Eleanor Gregory, was a lady of English deI836, in Painesville, Lake county, O.,. and  scent, remarkable for her intelligence and
for fourteen years was working at his trade in  energy, and thorough confidence in the docOhio, Pennsylvania and Canada.  During  trines of homceopathy, which she impressed
this time, by careful economy, he had accu- upon the minds of her children at an early
mulated a little money, and in 1840, with a age. Dr. Hill was educated in the arts and
partner, he erected a small iron foundry in  sciences at the University of Victoria College,
Columbiana county, 0. This enterprise did  Cobourg.  He commenced reading medinot succeed, and in 1844, he studied medi- cine in July, I863, with Dr. D. F. Bishop, of
cine under Dr. Joseph Bradley, of Mentor, Lockport, N. Y., formerly Professor in the
Lake county, O., for nearly a year. Before  Homceopathic Medical College at Philadelattending lectures, however, he was thor- phia, Pa.  He attended lectures at the New
oughly disgusted with the cruel and irrational York Homceopathic Medical College, where
practice then in vogue in  the allopathic  he graduated with high honors in April,
school; the prominent characteristics being  iS66; commencing practice immediately at
blistering, bleeding  and  drastic purging. Irvington, N. J., where he remained until
His health, at this time, was poor, and the  July, I867, when he returned to Canada, with
assistance rendered him  by Dr. Rosa, a a viewv to settling permanently, and was adhomceopathic physician of Painesville, O., mitted for examination before the Canadian
showed him the path to a more rational law  Homceopathic Medical Board, where he
of cure. Dr. Rosa gave him some remedies passed a creditable examination and received
and a small book of instructions, which he  his diploma.  His practice since then has
took with him to Wisconsin, on his removal been  marked  by many successes, giving
thither in I846. Eleven years were then  health and comfort to many who had failed
spent in agricultural pursuits, but in I857, to get it at the hands of allopathic physimeeting with "I- ull's Jahr," a new world  cians, and thereby establishing the truth of
was opened to him.  He began to study ear- the homceopathic doctrine against most fornestly, procuring and reading the best works midable prejudices.  His professional career
on homceopathy, and, in I86o, he commenced  is only in its budding, but his name is already
to build up a practice, which speedily became  dear to every acquaintance who has had the
both large and lucrative.                  good fortune to know the truth of the homceopathic doctrine.
ILL, AMBROSE ALFRED, M.                   -IFFORD, GILBERT L., M. D.,
D., of St. Catharines, Ontario,            of Hamilton, Madison county,
Canada, was born December 28th,            N. Y., was born in Brookfield,
I84I, at Willow Vale, near St.             Madison county, N. Y., DecemCatharines, an old estate owned successively  ber 25th, I84I. The first eighteen years of
by his great-grandfather, grandfather and  his life were passed in Waterville, Oneida
father. Ile is the son of Solomon Hill, Esq., county, N. Y., where he was educated. The
grandson of the late Lieutenant William  proclivities of his childhood developed, in
Hill, great-grandson of Solomon Hill, Esq., after years, into a desire and determination



400                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP1EDIA OF
continued for two years, at the end of which  receiving his degree of A. B.  He then
period he married Miss Hoadley, also a  established himself in Cleveland, O., and
student at the University.  During the first entering  into  partnership  with  Professor
year he became converted to the Christian  Boynton, his former preceptor, resumed the
faith, and united with the Methodist Episco-  practice of his profession.  He is a member
pal Church, of which he still remains a con- of the County and State Society, and of the
sistent member.                              American Institute of Homceopathy.  Since
After leaving college he was for some  his residence in Cleveland he has written
time engaged in farming, but becoming dis- several articles for the  Repoter on  the.satisfied cwith his education, he returned to  hygienic measures in the treatment of diseases
Berea, and re-entering college, applied him- of women, and during the lecture term  of
self anew to study.  His progress was some-  I872-'73, delivered a course of lectures on
what retarded by embarrassed circumstances, hygiene in the Cleveland I-omceopathic I-losbut by energy and the strictest economy he  pital College.
accomplished four years' study.  In I86o,    The success of Dr. Van Norman plainly
unexpected  events  entirely  changed  for proves what energy and determination can
awhile his occupation.  An accident unfit-  accomplish, though opposed by adverse cirting his brother-in-law to perform his duties  cumstances, and  his example might well
as railroad agent, Dr. Van Norman took  encourage the most faint-hearted  student.
care of him, and attended to the business, His talents and varied acquirements have
leaving college for that purpose.  While  won for him  the well-merited respect and
thus employed he became acquainted with  confidence of his fellow citizens and brother
Professor Wilson; and, interested in hornceo- physicians.
pathy, and determining to become a physician, commenced in earnest the study of
medicine.  While thus engaged he entered  [~    RA IG,   J. D., M. D., of Niles,
the Cleveland Homceopathic Hospital Col- ]        t    Mich., was born in Massachulege, attending his first course of lectures in         setts, November 21st, 1832.  Dr.
IS62-'63, and graduated in I863-'64.  Drs.              Craig is emphatically a self-made
Wilson, Sanders and Boynton were his pre- man.  He was the ninth child in a family of
ceptors, being Professors in the College at thirteen.  His opportunities of attending
that time.                                   school terminated when he was eleven years
After graduating he settled in Warrensville, old. At that age he was placed in a machine
0., where he remained one year and a half. shop.  Shortly after he went to work in a
Desiring to occupy a larger field of labor, lie  cotton factory, where he continued until he
then removed to Ashtabula, O., where he  was seventeen. He then determined to learn
soon established a large and lucrative prac-  a trade, and obtained a situation as a matice, making a specialty of diseases of women, chinist in Chicopee, Mass.  Of a studious
and writing several articles on that subject nature and fond of reading, he availed himfor the medical journals.  The winter of  self liberally of a good public library at
i869-'7o he spent in the medical colleges of  Chicopee, and with the books obtained thereNew  York and Philadelphia, visiting also  from  regularly, after his day's work was
several water cures for the purpose of in- done, stored his mind with history, biography,
creasing his information in that particular  and popular science.  The latter was, of all,
bIranch.                                    his favorite reading.  Being at the same time
The following spring (I870), having dis- determined upon a higher education, he imposed of his practice in Ashtabula, he re- proved every spare moment, in his workshop
turned to Berea to finish his literary course  or out of it, in the acquisition of the English
of study, graduating in June of that year, and  branches of instruction, which  he would



HOMCE:OPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                         401
recite in the evening to the Principal of the  work of teaching music from the age of fourChicopee High School. In the course of his teen to twenty-four years. This period was
reading he encountered the works of Andrew  passed partly in western New  York, and
and George Combe. This may be said to have  later in Toronto, Ontario, and other points in
been the turning point of his career. Until Canada.  He is still remembered in this re.
now his only object was to become generally  lation with a distinctness and regard which
well informed, but the Combes gave him a succeeding events have been powerless to
determined bias.  Phrenology naturally led  obliterate or obscure.
him to the study of anatomy and physiology,   In I854, he made the acquaintance of Dr.
and these researches induced the pursuit of  Hacket, of Ontario, a promlinent and much
medicine. With this end in view he read  esteemed physician of the allopathic school,
under the direction of Dr. Robert Woodville. who, being impressed with the vigorous, inIn I856, he was ready to attend lectures, and  cisive character of his mind, the rare acutedecided upon New York as the place, because  ness of every bodily sense, and that both
of its clinical advantages.  There was no  mind  and  senses were supplemented by
homceopathic college in New York at that superb physical energies, earnestly advised
time, however. He therefore matriculated  him  to study medicine.  He followed Dr.
at the  Hygio-Therapeutic  (Hydropathic)  Hacket's advice; earning for three years the
College in Laight street. At this college he  means of support by continufflg to be a
graduated in I858. In the meantime he had  teacher of music.  Thus came about the
also attended lectures at Bellevue Hospital. transfer from music to medicine.
After graduating he repaired to Wilmington,    From the influence of his father's preferDel., where he remained until the fall of  eonce, in a measure, who, after a careful ini86I. He then renioved to Bristol, Conn. vestigation, became a decided, as well as
Later, at the solicitation of Dr. J. E. Wester- being an exceptionally early advocate of
velt, who desired to retire from his practice  homceopathy; but still mainly from the essenat Niles, Mich., Dr. Craig moved thither, tial qualities of his own individuality, which
where he has since resided. He was mar- naturally led him to see and properly estiried July I5th, I858, to Miss Orline E. Wil- mate the difference between ponderous authorcox, of Bristol, Conn. Dr. Craig has won. ity and essential power, he compared syssuccess from  amidst discouraging circum- tems, approved the principles, and adopted
stances, and young men may read his strug- the practice of homoeopathy.  To these pringles for education with profit.            ciples and this practice he adheres with
growing faith in their truth and practical
value. It is principle and not mere dogma
that thus commands his allegiance, however.
ATIIRICK, FREEBORN W., M. In I857, he commenced the practice of his
D., of Battle Creek, Mich., is the  profession in Medina, N. Y., continuing there
eldest son of the Rev. Stephen  till I86o. In the fall of the year last named
Bathrick, formerly of Buffalo, N. he removed to Battle Creek, Mich., where he
Y., now temporarily residing in this State. still resides.  Here he has earned and now
He was born in Parma, Monroe county, in  securely holds the foremost reputation and
the State of New York, on the 28th day of  practice. In critical cases, presenting special
August, I834. At an early age he mani-  complications and antagonisms that confuse
fested an uncommon ardor and aptitude in  and defy ordinary judgment and appliance,
the practice of music. Following the lead  he enjoys in a pre-eminent degree the confiof this early bias, he rapidly acquired dis- dence of the profession in common with that
tinction as to the then existing local standard, of the general community. It would be diffiand pursued with energy and success the  cult to overstate the value attached to his
26



402                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
professional service in the many families army from I812 to 1815.  Restless under the
where results have attested his ready corn- restraints and confined atmosphere at home,
prehension and judicious treatment. It can- he gained the reputation of being a wild boy,
not be doubted that his successful practice  and, when quite young, ran away and trahas had great influence in establishing hom-  velled over a great part of Europe.
ceopathy in the heavily preponderating rela-    At the time of the Hungarian revolution
tion which it bears to other schools of practice  in I848, though a mere boy, he enlisted in
in our city and its surroundings.          the insurrectionary army at Pesth, and fought
During the winter of I866-'67, he attended  with the gallant Kossuth in many battles.
lectures at the Hahnemann College in Chi-    He first began the study of medicine with
cago, graduating thence with honor.  He  Professor Balassa, at Pesth.  During  the
represents with singular felicity the power of  progress of the Crimean war, in I855, he
realizing the situation, of knowing the case in  tendered his services to England, but they
concrete, of drawing at once -upon the re- were declined, as at that time they were not
sources of his whole reading and experience  needed.  He had become deeply interested
in its favor, and of acting with unhesitating  in homceopathy, and entered assiduously into
promptness in the application of the treat- an investigation of the truths it revealed.
ment decided upon.  His ready power of  His studies were pursued, at many times,
analysis, sound judgment, clearness of thesis, under great difficulty and at a great personal
and force of statement, have induced a very  sacrifice. In, I856, he was sent by Great
general opinion among his friends that he  Britain on board a transport to Quebec, Canmight be an acceptable and valuable con- ada, where there was at that time no homceotributor to current professional literature. pathic physician.  In I857, having found his
The exactions of a large general practice have  way to Ypsilanti, Mich., he began to practise
hitherto excluded him from service in this homoeopathy in that place.  He removed
form  to any noticeable extent.  Personally  thence to Chicago, where, by the advice of
of fine presence, active temperament, strong, Drs. R. Ludlaw and E. O. Small, he entered
impetuous manner, full of manly courage, Hahnemann Medical College, whence he
quick sympathy and ready wit, cheerful, graduated at its institution commencement.
buoyant, sociable; is attracted towards types  He removed to Quebec, Canada East, in
rather than classes of men. As to religion, i86I, and there became the pioneer of homliberal. As to politics, an active, efficient, ceopathy, and encountered the most deteruntiring Republican, as that party means mined opposition from allopathic ranks; they
equal rights and rightful liberties. As to  scarcely suffered him to engage in practice at
social relations, is married and has children  all until he became a licentiate of Canada.
of both sexes. In short, is just that man in  After a short period spent in New York city,
bearing, talent and energy, who, in other and  he married, in I866, Sarah C. Taylor, a
broader relations, might as easily have reached  daughter of David Taylor, of Lynn, Mass.
honored eminence through a vastly wider He began to practise in New Bedford, in
circle than that in which at present he is so  iS68, and in I869, became a citizen of the
well known and highly valued.              United States.
After the meeting of the American Institute, in Washington, D. C., in 1872, he went
E DERKY, FRANCIS F(ELD- to Europe, and  revisited  London, Paris,
VAR, M. D., of Mobile, Ala., Bonn, Heidelberg, Vienna, Leipzig, Berlin,
was born in Germany, on the  and many other prominent cities, as well as
lower Rhine, on the I th day of  the renowned medical institutions of the old
June, I833. He is a son of Johann Carl De  world.
Derky, a distinguished officer in the Prussian    Since his return he has practised in Mobile,



{..
OFR






HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             403
Ala.  He is a member of the Central Verein  uating the following year among the first of
of Homceopathic Physicians of Germany, the  his class. He immediately located in Lowell,
Homeeopathic Institute of America, the Mas- Mass., where he remained in practice for
sachusetts Homoeopathic Society, and many  three years. In 1869, his health again failed,
other smaller associations. The vast amount forcing him  to sell his practice and leave
of adventurous experience of this. distin- Lowell.  He then  removed to  Chelsea,
guished physician, as well as his careful ob- where he now resides.  His reputation still
servation of the methods of practice in the  followed him, however, and he was unable
best medical schools in the world, eminently  to escape practice.  Overwork resulted, in
fit him for the emergencies likely to arise  February, 1873, in an apoplectic attack, from
in his varied and extending practice.      which, in April, he had not entirely recovered. There are strong hopes that his life
may be spared for another extended term of
usefulness.
ACKER, DAVID, M. D., of Chelsea, Mass., was born in Newark,
Vt., February 2oth, I8o8.  His
father, Eleazar Packer, was one          LOAN, JAMES  D., M. D., of
of the pioneers of northern Vermont.  His             Sing Sing, N. V., was born in
mother, Abigail Potter Packer, came from an           Orange county, N. Y.  He studold New England family, and was a woman              ied the allopathic system of medof great energy and firmness.  Dr. Packer icine in Newburgh, and he received  his
received his early education in the common  medical collegiate instruction at the Fairfield
schools, and afterwards at the Academy at Medical College, Herkimer county, N. Y.
Concord, Vt. In 1833, he was married to  He afterward practised the system in which
Miss Angeline  Woodruff, of Burke, Vt. he was educated for ten years. While located
Five children were born to him, three of  at Cold Spring, Putnam county, his daughter,
whom  died in childhood; two daughters, four years of age, was attacked with whoopboth married, are now living.  In 1841, he  ing cough, and acute bronchitis setting in,
joined the Vermont Methodist Conference. and the usual appliances failing, he turned in
In 1842, in addition to the cares of his pas- his despair to a Presbyterian minister, some
torate, he undertook the study of medicine, miles from his home, who was a devoted
first with Dr. Asa George, of Calais, and  homceopathist and practitioner.  Obtaining
afterward with  Dr. George Hinman, of  some remedies from him, he had the satisDerby. In 1848, his attention was called to  faction of witnessing the restoration of his
homoeopathy, and after a careful investiga- child through their agency, and surprised at
tion of the Hahnemannian law, he embraced  the wonderful effects of such tiny and delithat doctrine, studying with Dr. Darling, of  cate medicines, he investigated  the then
Lyndon. In I850, after nine years' study in  novel doctrines of homceopathy, and soon
both schools, he began his medical labors as became a convert to them.  He has now
a homceopathist in Derby, Vt. For fifteen  been a practitioner of that wonderful science
years he continued his double duties, as a which has immortalized the name of Hahnephysician and a clergyman.  Under the stress mann, and which continues to shed lustre on
of these combined labors his health, in I865, its faithful followers, for thirty years, congave way, and a pulmonary difficulty forced  tinuing to rejoice more and more that he has
him to relinquish public speaking. He then  had placed in his power a mode of treating
devoted himself entirely to medicine.  In the  disease so much in  accordance with  the
same year (I865) he attended the Homceo- efforts of nature, and withal so pleasant and
pathic Medical College at Philadelphia, grad- agreeable to his patients.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                            405
institution a noble building is in course of meetings organized to advance their adoperection, promising to be the finest homoeo- tion. I-e has been Vice-President of the
pathic hospital in the world, and a model of  Third Union Co-operative Land and Buildscientific hospital construction.  In I87I, the  ing Association, and now holds a similar
Hahnemann Hospital Clinical School was position in the Co-operative Manufacturing
established by the distinguished faculty of  and Land Improvement Company of Potter
which he is a member.                     county, Pa., the business office of which is
In 1870, he was elected Honorary Men- in New York.
ber of the Society of Homceopathic Physi-    He claims to have lately invented certain
cians of St. Petersburg, Russia; and in 1872, useful and important improvements of Toof the Homceopathic Medical Society of bold's laryngoscopic apparatus, and other
Paris, France.  He is a member of the New  laryngeal instruments.
York County Homceopathic Society, and one
of its Censors for I873. For several years he
has been a delegate to the New York State
Hozmceopathic Society; a member of the             LOCOMB, C H R I ST O P H E R
American Institute of Homceopathy, and of            COLUMBUS, M. D., of Millthe American Institute of Science, Arts, etc.,       bury, Mass., was born August
of New York city.                                    6th, 1824, in the town of BillingHe is well known as a writer, translator ham, Norfolk county, Mass.  He received
and editor. The annual reports of the North- his education in his native town, at the comeastern Dispensary and of the Hahnemann  mon and high school, and completed it at the
Hospital have been prepared by him, as also, Franklin Academy, Franklin, Mass. Among
in conjunction with Professor F. WV. Hunt, his fellow students at this latter institution
vol. I of the "Hahnemann Hospital Re- was the late Albert D. Richardson of New
ports."  His writings and translations are  York.  After leaving school he was emchiefly to be found in the following homceo- ployed by his brother, the late Charles E.
pathic periodicals: the Northt Amserican  Slocomb, who was engaged in mercantile
yo-urnal, the Suin, the American Observer, business in Woonsocket, R. I. During the
the Vewo Yoork State Society's Transactions, celebrated Dorr rebellion, a political war
also in the Eclectic afagnazine.  His passion  between two factions, involving the question
for music and singing has led to his special of Dorr's right to the gubernatorial chair,
attention to diseases of the throat and lungs, young Slocomb espoused the cause of the
and to the translation of Professor Ferdinand  law and order party. In I847, he went to
Sieber's "Art of Singing," which labor has  Worcester, Mass., where he engaged in combeen highly spoken of by acknowledged critics. mercial pursuits, which, proving not as reIn the same connection, it may be mentioned, munerative as he had expected, he relinthat he is an amateur artist of some ability  quished, and in 1851, concluded to try his
and a discriminating patron of art.       fortunes in Springfield, Mass. Here he first
During the reform  excitement in New  became acquainted with the principles of
York, in I87I, he occupied a prominent homeopathy, and becoming interested, reposition, being  appointed, among  other solved to pursue the investigation.  Purchasoffices, as member of the celebrated Commit- ing a few books, he set about the work,
tee of One Hundred. He has also paid  though not at that time with the intention of
much attention to political and social econ- making medicine his profession.  His sole
omy, and is an especially warm advocate of  motive in studying was to satisfy himself as
co-operation.  He has labored very assidl-  to the merits of the new school, for the purousiy for the diffusion of co-operative prinli-  pose of its adoption in his family. In I86I,
ples, and has presided  over many mass heremoved to the town of Rutland, Wor



406                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
cester county, Mass., where he found himself his profession.  Two sons have blessed his
unexpectedly established in the practice of household, the eldest of whom  died at the
homceopathy, by reason of having treated his  age of eighteen years.
own family successfully, and being called
upon by his neighbors to prescribe for them.
Soon his skill was called into requisition by
country residents, and his practice soon ex- I     ORSE, NATHAN  K., A. M., M.
tended not only to all parts of the town, but         D., of Salem, Mass., was born in
far out of it.  Becoming convinced that he            Stoddard, N. H., February 2oth,
lnust adopt the profession regularly or relin-        I83I. He was the eldest son of
quish it altogether, he concluded to make it Nathan and Jane (Robb) Morse, who raised
the business of his life, and entered upon a a family of eight children, four sons and four
course of study under the direction of Dr. daughters, all of whom  are living and in
Linnel, of Worcester, Mass., and  in the  good health.  Not one has ever used toautumn of I865, he went to Philadelphia, bacco or alcoholic stimulants in any form.
where he attended two full courses of lec- His brother, Dr. M. V. B. Morse, of Marbletures in the Homceopathic Medical College  head, studied in his office, and is now enjoyof Pennsylvania, graduating in the spring of  ing a large practice.
I867. During the term  of I866-'67, Dr.   The rudiments of his education were reSlocomb was Professor of Medical Jurispru-  ceived in the common school of his native
dence and Materia Medica in the Hahne- town, and he was fitted for college at Tubb's
mann Institute.  At the close of the course  Union Academy, Washington, N. H., and as
of lectures an alumni association was formed, a private pupil of M. C. Stebbins, A. M.,
and Dr. Slocomb was elected President for then Principal of the High School at Nashua,
five years. Returning to Rutland after the  N. H., in company with J. Harvey Woodexpiration of the term  of his professorship, bury, of Weare, N. H., now President of the
he there resumed practice, continuing suc- Massachusetts Homceopathic Medical Socessfully until the spring of I872, when, be- ciety, and one of the most successful physicoming dissatisfied with so small a field, he  cians in the city of Boston.
removed to the flourishing town of Millbury,    He entered Amherst College, Amherst,
Mass., where he has remained.  While in  Mass., in I853, and graduated  in  I857.
Rutland Dr. Slocomb served  for several While fitting for college, and during  his
quarters as W. C. T. in the Lodge of Good  whole collegiate course, he taught school
Templars.  lIe also served several years as each winter to aid him to pay his expenses
member of the Board of School Directors in  through college.  During his senior year he
the same town.  In I866, the Worcester was publisher of the Amh/zerlst Collegiate
County Homoeopathic Medical Society was Mazgeazine, and was noted for his energy and
organized, and Dr. Slocomb was elected to  business capacity. Leaving college, he enthe office of Recording Secretary and Treas- gaged in teaching at Marion, Mass., and
urer, which he filled with credit to himself  subsequently as Principal of the High School
and advantage to the Society. This position  in Holyoke, Mass. In  March, I859, he
he held at different times, and also the posts married Miss Lottie L., youngest daughter
of Censor, Vice-President, President and  of Captain Frederick Bordin, of Charleston,
Corresponding Secretary. As a member of  S. C., who died May 4th, I863, leaving him
the American Institute, Dr. Slocomb stands two sons. In the spring of I86o, he resigned
high in the esteem of the Society.         his position of Principal in the Holyoke
Married, in I849, to Miss Harriette Newell High School, and went South as private
King, of Rutland, the doctor is as happy in  tutor in the families of the Rev. Levi Parks
his domestic relations as he is prosperous in  and his son, W. A. Parks, of Ouacita City, La.



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             407
His original intention had been to enter time for recreation or study outside his chosen
the profession of law, and so, while engaged  calling.  He has a kind word and a large
in teaching, he read Blackstone and Kent's  heart full of sympathy for all in distress, and
" Commentaries."  The winter of I86o-'6I, no one comes to him for aid or assistance
which he spent in Louisiana teaching, was that go away empty handed.  He is genial in
the memorable winter of secession. Most of  his intercourse, but firm and independent in
the southern people having withdrawn their his conviction of duty.  He has been urged
allegiance from the Union by pretended acts to accept offices of trust and honor in the gift
of secession, and civil war having actually  of the city, but he has refused all save that of
commenced, he returned  North in June, one of the School Committee; of which he
i86I, with all his plans for the future de- is now a member. The doctor is a meemstroyed.  It was then that he finally decided  ber of the American Institute of Homceoto enter the medical profession, which he had  pathy, Massachusetts Homccopathic Medical
made a study, more or less, for a number of  Society, and  Essex County Homceopathic
years. The officers of the college, his class- Medical Society.  He is also the efficient
mates, and many others, can bear witness to  Secretary of the last-named Society, and has
his special fitness for the sick chamber.  In  been elected to deliver the annual address
college he was always called to the care of  before the Massachusetts Homceopathic Medany who were sick; at one time watching  ical Society, at its next annual meeting in
and nursing a friend and classmate, with  IS74.
typhoid fever, for sixteen days without undressing.  He attended his first course of
medical lectures at Harvard Medical College,        OUNGHUSBAND, LANCELOT,
in the fall and winter of I86I, and graduated         M. D., LL. D., of Detroit, Mich.,
at the University of Vermont in June, I862,           was born in Richmond, Yorkfirst in his class. After graduating he spent         shire, England, on January IIth,
a few weeks in the office of Dr. J. H. Wood-  I828. IHe is the elder of two sons of John
bury, of Boston, prior to his locating at Read- Younghusband, and comes from one of the
ing, Mass., in August, I862. where he soon  oldest families in the north of England.
secured  a large and successful practice. When he was thirteen years of age his father
After residing a few months in Reading, he  emigrated with his family to Canada; rewas appointed a member of the School Coin- mained there nearly ten years, and  then
mittee, and made its Chairman, and was re- removed to Michigan.  Our subject, who
elected and made Chairman of the School stayed behind, had during his early years
Committee each succeeding year, till he re- been brought up to the milling business, his
signed, in July, I865, when he removed to  father having built and run several flouring
Salem, Mass.                               mills. This occupation he found very unOn the 8th of December, I864, he married  congenial, and as he manifested a great love
his second wife, Rebecca H. Brown, of Gore- of study, and especially of the languages, his
ham, Me. In I865, he was induced by Dr. father encouraged him  with a view to his
Hiram  Gore to remove from  Reading to  entering the ministry.  His progress was
Salem, and engage in practice with him, and  rapid, and by assiduous application he comat the end of the first year he bought Dr. pleted his preparatory course so as to enter
Gore's practice, who removed to East Boston. Victoria College at eighteen years of age.
The large practice of Dr. Gore has already  Here he studied for three years, and as his
increased three-fold, and Dr. Morse has the  father had in the meantime gone to Michigan,
largest practice in the city. He has devoted  he was left mainly to his own resources. A
himself to the practice of his profession with  portion of the time he engaged in teaching,
great energy and enthusiasm, leaving little  keeping up his college course, and having



408                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPrEDIA OF
transferred his standing to Acadia College, College in Detroit, of which he was aphe received the degree of B. A. at twenty- pointed President and Professor of the Theory
three; four years later that of M. A., and, and Practice of Medicine.  For this work
according to the rules of the institution, at Professor Younghusband has proved himself
forty that of LL. D.  At an early age he  to be peculiarly suited, his early experience
manifested a passion for the medical pro- in teaching conducing very materially to his
fession, and began studying therefor in his  present success.  As an instructor he has
twenty-fifth year with  Drs. Gilchrist and  more than fulfilled the expectation of his
Cameron,'two eminent allopathic physicians  fiiends.  For moral, conservative and generof Port I-ope, Canada.  Since then, with the  ally wholesome influence over students no
exception of six years, during which he had  educational institution in the land has in its
charge of a government high school in the  President one who excels him.  The attachprovince, he has constantly devoted himself  ment to him of students is found to be iammeto the study and practice of medicine.  His  diate and permanent, no amount of calumny
conversion to homceopathy occurred about -much of which he has suffered from jealtwelve years ago, through witnessing some  ous rivals-being sufficient to estrange them
very extraordinary cures effected by Dr. Py- from him.
burn, a homceopathic physician of consider-    Not only as a physician, but as a scholar,
able celebrity, then residing in Port Hope. he bears a high reputation.  While he had
In I864, he received the degree of the IHom- charge of the Government High School, in
ceopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, Canada, he received the honorary degree of
the oldest homceopathic college in the world. M1. A. from  Allegheny College, Meadville,
During the course of the same year he re-  Pa., and also from Antioch College, in Ohio.
moved to Mt. Clemens, in Michigan, not far The latter was signed by the distinguished
from where his father and brother had settled  Horace Mann, and both are supposed to
some years before.  Here five or six homceo- have been in compliment for the proficiency
pathic practitioners had preceded him, all exhibited by pupils prepared by him for their
of whom had met with so little encourage-  college course, and who afterwards attended
ment as to cause them, after a time, to  the institutions in question.  His love for
abandon the field. Nothing daunted he per- study, especially of medicine and literature,
severed, and in the face of the most violent is remarkable.  In spite of his numerous enopposition from several old and experienced  gagements, he permits scarcely a day to pass
allopathic physicians, he won his way and  during which he does not devote considerachieved greater success than before realized  able time to reading works of the best authors,
in that section by any physician.  Few who  principally the Latin and Greek, for which
have not been thus situated, with jealous  he has a great fondness.
adversaries watching on all sides, can appre-    Professor Younghusband is a man of very
ciate the difficulties of such a situation.  strong religious convictions, and before he
Alone, with no consulting physician within  completed his collegiate course he  disaptwenty-five miles, he conducted a large prac- pointed his father, who desired him to enter
tice extending for many miles in all direc- the office of the ministry, by becoming an eartions, with not unfrequently most difficult nest Baptist.  Years afterwards, when pracsurgical and obstetrical cases to contend with. tising in Mt. Clemens, he was ordained to the
Yet his competitors were never known to get ministry.  This was for the purpose of gathan advantage of him.                        ering together again those who from  long
In the midst of an increasing popularity, absence of a pastor had become nearly disand after long and urgent solicitation, he left persed.  For two years he ministered to them
this field of labor to engage in another no less without compensation and without neglecting
honorable and arduous-the Homceopathic  his medical duties.  He has been heard to



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           409
say that he considers his clerical ordination  service in the old City Hospital, under the
the highest honor ever conferred upon him, supervision of Drs. Cheeseman and Post, in
and that were it not for the restraints and  1835, familiarized him to the application of
exactions put upon a minister, requiring a the old school remedies, and afforded him a
surrender of independence, he would prefer wide range of observation for the study of
that calling.                              practical medicine and surgery.  Returning
He has been twice married, and has two  home on account of his health, he continued
sons and a daughter, besides three step- his studies, and in the two following terms,
children, nearly all of whom have now reached  viz.: I837-'38, I838-'39, attended two courses
maturity.  His ancestors for over three hun- of lectures in the College of Physicians and
dred years were natives of England, but Surgeons, at Fairfield, N. Y. The interim
originally came from  Italy.  Evidences of  between these lectures was passed in the
this extraction are found in the strength of  office of Drs. Wirz and Boyd, of Albany,
his friendships, his remarkably active social where a large library and extensive practice
nature, and the difficulty he experiences in  gave him  a fine opportunity for study and
forgiving an enemy.                        observation.
In I840, he was induced to remove to
Ohio, where he commenced the practice of
medicine (old school), whose proportions
ROMVWELL, JAMES, M. D., of  soon expanded to an extent which gave conCaldwell, Lake George, Warner stant employment to himself and an assistant.
county, N. Y., was horn Septem- At the end of four years of arduous labor he
ber 27th, i8II, at Carlisle, Scho- returned to his native place with a view of
harie county, IN. Y.  HIe is a lineal descend- graduating.  He attended  two  additional
ant of the widely-famed Oliver Cromwell, the  courses of lectures at the Albany Medical
iron-hearted Protector of the English Coin- College, whence he received his diploma; in
monwealth.  With  small advantages for the meantime continuing practice at Mechaneducation beyond those supplied by the  icsville, on the Hudson river. After graducommon school of the place, he succeeded in  ating he removed first to the town of Queensacquiring an elementary knowledge of Latin  bury, and afterwards to the head of Lake
and chemistry.  Later on he had the benefit George, where he has since resided.  About
of one year's academic instruction at Sche- this time his attention was directed to homnectady, N. Y. At the age of eighteen, in  ceopathy.  Pursuing his investigations slowly
opposition to the wishes of his parents, he  and cautiously, with such limited means and
commenced the study of medicine with a opportunities as were within his reach, he at
young and subsequently distinguished practi- length became a thorough convert to its law
tioner in his native place. This was pursued  of cure.
with advantage and satisfaction for two years,   Dr. Cromwell is the only practitioner rewhen his studies were interrupted by the re- siding at this delightful summer resort, where
moval of his preceptor. The straitened cir- an extensive and remunerative practice atcumstances of his family now compelled him  tests the high estimation in which he is held
to resort to a trade as a means of support, by an ever extending circle of patrons.  He
and four or five of the best years of his life  has held the position of President of the
were thus lost in the struggle for existence. Warren and Washington County HomceoAt the end of this period he embraced the  pathic Medical Society; in I872, was chosen
earliest opportunity to resume his studies. Permanent member of the State ilomceoRemoving to New York city, he obtained  pathic Medical Society, and at this writing
employment for some months as a prescrip- is President of the  Northern New  York
tion clerk in a city drug store.  Subsequent Homceopathic Medical Society.



410                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
OLLOCK, ALEXANDER, M. D., tended lectures and graduated.  While readof Danville, Ills., was born in  ing with Dr. Adams he had practised to
Philadelphia, Pa., on May 27th, some extent, and after attending lectures, he
I829.  He is of Scotch-Irish  prescribed in Springfield for eight months.
parentage.  His father, a poor, honest and  In the fall of I86o, he settled in Danville,;ndustrious man, a member of the Presbyter- Ills., where he introduced and established
san Church, died of bilious fever when the homeopathy.  At the time of Dr. Pollock's
subject of this sketch was but four years  arrival in the town there were not twelve
old, leaving  him  and  a younger sister. families in it who knew anything about homWhether he was any relation to the poet of  ceopathy, and the great majority of the citithe same name his son is unable to say, but zens judged it at first by the size of the dose
his ancestors and those of the poet, a few  he administered.  These prejudices he soon
generations back, resided in the same part overcame, and having practised  for two
of Scotland.  His mother, formerly Elizabeth  years, was in the enjoyment of extensive
Mercer, was a farmer's daughter; was born  patronage. Then he felt called to serve his
and brought up among Friends, in Chester country, and abandoning his bright prospects,
county, Pa., and always used their language, with no idea of winning fame, but simply
though never a member of their Society. from a sense of duty, he assisted in raising a
Her own education was very limited, but she  company. On its organization he was elected
strove to secure a good education for her First Lieutenant, in which capacity he served
children, making many sacrifices to accom- the cause of the Union for sixteen months,
plish that object. After her first husband's  and then resigned.  After his resignation he
death she remained a widow for five years, practised for nine months in Decatur, Ills.,
and then married William J. Rigdon, who  and then, by request of many of his former
proved a good father to his step-children, patrons at Danville, he returned to that place
taking as much interest in the subject of this in August, I864.  Since that time he has
sketch as though he had been his own child. devoted himself with untiring energy to his
The lad commenced his education in a pub- practice, never having been off duty for more
lic schoo'-and he always maintains that of  than four or five days altogether. This attenall schools the public school is the best-in  tion, in combination with his unquestioned
Chester county, Pa., and completed it in  skill, has secured him  a large support, and
Stroude's Academy, in the same county, near his patrons are among the most intelligent
West Chester. In this academy much atten- and influential of the residents in the'town
tion was given to mathematics and the na- and neighborhood.  Homceopathy, therefore,
tural sciences, in all of which our subject has largely benefited by his well-directed
took especial delight.  For one year he  efforts.
served as an assistant in this academy, and    When Dr. Pollock joined the army he took
after leaving  it he engaged i:l teaching  with him  about one hundred and fifty half
school.  In the fall of I852, he removed to  ounce vials of medicine, a good supply of
Springfield, Ills., where he taught school for alcohol, sugar of milk, etc. His colonel, the
several years.  His taste leading him to con- lamented Oscar F. Harmon, who was killed
template the adoption of the medical profes- at Kenesaw, had been a patron of his and an
sion, he began while in this city to read  advocate of homceopathy, so he agreed to
medicine with the late Professor R. E. W. carry the medicines in his wagon.  Thus
Adams, M. D., a man of great talents and  armed, Dr. Pollock practised considerably in
culture, and a skilful physician.  Dr. Adams  the regiment, much to the benefit of the men,
was the first Professor of Theory and Practice  the majority of whom, knowing nothing
in the Homoeopathic Medical College of Mis- about hommceopathy before, but experiencing
souri, at St. Louis, where Dr. Pollock at- its advantages, preferred his treatment, and



HOMCIEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          413
concerning the prophet and his own country's bundle was permitted to go by a flag-of-truce
lack of appreciation, and also of frequent boat. Having been landed at City Point,
unsuccessful attempts to establish the new  and the formalities of exchange there gone
system  in that city. Of those who essayed  through, he proceeded with his family to
the task and failed, two practitioners were  Richmond.  At Petersburg he was arrested
from Philadelphia and one from Baltimore. on a general suspicion created by the amount
Popular prejudice and the bitter opposition  of his baggage, and it was not until despatches
of the old school were too much for all of  had been received from two of his fi-iends in
them, and their defeat rendered victory more  Richmond, Judge Brockenbrough and Hon.
difficult for their successor.  Dr. Hughes, Charles W. Russell, vouching for his loyalty
however, after a hard fight and many news- to the South, that he and his trunks were
paper controversies conquered, triumphantly  permitted to proceed. Their arrival in Richvindicating the overwhelming advantages of mond caused quite a sensation, the unusual
the homceopathic practice. When the cholera  amount of baggage giving rise to a report
made its appearance, in 1854, he labored  that he was a commissioner of peace sent by
almost constantly, night and day, being the  the United States Government clothed with
only homceopathic physician in the city, and  full power to end the war. This caused him
meeting with almost unprecedented success to be much lionized for the time.  He at
in his treatment of the fearful scourge, then  once settled down into practice, and again
in epidemic form, his triumph was complete. had to fight homceopathy's battle against bitter
Homceopathy was then firmly established, he  prejudice and stubborn opposition.  Once
soon built up a large and lucrative practice, more he succeeded in establishing the sysand now Wheeling, in place of one, has sev- tem, and secured an excellent practice. After
eral new school practitioners. On the obut- awhile he was elected to the Legislature of
break of the war, and when the first gun was Virginia, and remained a member thereof up
fired at Charleston, his sympathies were en- to the fall of Richmond.  He was a warm
listed on behalf of his native South. When  advocate of the enlistment of slaves in the
Virginia seceded he engaged in newspaper Southern ranks. Among his patients during
political controversies, and became corre- and since the war was the wife of General
spondent for the Baltimzore Exchange.  He  Robert E. Lee.  On December I8th, i865,
was arrested for disloyalty in I86I, and was he removed from Richmond to Baltimore,
held a prisoner at Camp Chase, near Colum- where he soon established himself in a good
bus, O., for nearly eight months, when he was and lucrative practice, such a one, indeed, as
specially exchanged for a brother of Dr. is obtained by few, even after long residence
Pancoast, of Philadelphia, captured at Bleun- in a city. This he has done in spite of much
nery Gap, Va., and a prisoner at Salisbury, competition and his maintenance of the maxN. C. On his way to Richmond, with his imum  charges.  Thus he has established
wife and three children, he stayed in Balti- homceopathy in his native city, and won remore, reporting to General Schenck, to whom  spect for it in his own person in two others.
he had letters from Judge Galloway, of Col-    Dr. Hughes is an occasional contributor to
umnbus. Alone he went to Washington, and  the American Homneopalthic Observer.  He
obtained a permit to take his wife and chil- has had ten children, five sons and three
dren, also extra baggage to Richmond.  On  daughters of whom  are living, and two
the steamer in which they sailed for Fortress  grandchildren. His eldest son, a graduate
Monroe were several distinguished Federal in law of the Virginia University, is a pracgenerals, among them General Thomas, who  tising lawyer in Baltimore.   His eldest
rendered them great service in getting through  daughter, in I869, was married to W. P.
their extensive baggage, consisting of some  Moncure, of Stafford county, Va., son of
thirteen trunks, at a time when scarcely a Judge Moncure, of the Supreme Court of



414                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
Appeals of Virginia.  His family connec- cholera hospitals, in I832, became dissatistions are widely extended through Virginia, fled with the old mode of treatment, resolving
West Virginia, and  part of Kentucky. to make a trial of camphor, caprum andveraThough a grandfather he is yet comparatively  trum. The results were so successful that he
young, and looks forward to many years of  published an account of them in the journals,
usefulness.                               avowing his conversion to homceopathy. He
differed from  some of his homceopathic
brethren, entirely disapproving of the use of
ANDERBERGH, FEDERAL, any of the old school remedies, such as the
M. D., of New York city, was endermic use of mercury in syphilis, and
born  at  Beekman,  Dutchess apocynum in ascites. Hitherto homceopathy
county, N. Y., in I788. In I807, had been regarded as one of Dr. Gram's
at the age of nineteen, he went to New York, vagaries, but the successful treatment of
where, after following two courses of lectures, cholera excited so much opposition that the
he commenced to practise. His health fail- practitioners of the old school suffered seing, he removed to Geneva, N. Y., where he verely in pocket. He was extremely reticent
remained ten years. He then relinquished  in character, so that no one knew anything
his practice to Dr. Martyn Paine, of Montreal, of his social and family affairs. Even the
and, returning to New York city, soon found  late and place of his birth is not certainly
himself in so large a practice that Dr. Paine  known, nor are we acquainted with the date
resolved to follow him. He was called in to  of his graduation.  He died of paralysis, in
attend on a gentleman in Pearl street, who  Hamburg, Pa., February IIth, I855.
had a deformed toe, and suggested an operation, which the patient declined, without the
sanction of Dr. Mott. The next day he met
the gentleman walking on the street with           RAM, HANS BURCH, M. D., of
ease, and, on questioning him, found that he         New York city-the pioneer of
had been cured by some little pellets admin-         homceopathy in this countryistered by Dr. Gram. He now studied hom-             was the grandson of a wealthy
ceopathy, becoming a convert to its doctrines, merchant sea captain in Copenhagen.  His
which he practised ever afterwards, though  father, Hans Gram, was appointed, when a
the date of his adoption of the system is not young man, to be Private Secretary to the
known. He was the author of a few pam- Governor of the Danish island of Santa Cruz.
phlets on homceopathy, and, some years  Whilst travelling in the United States he besince, published a work entitled " The Geom- came enamored of the daughter of the keeper
etry of the Vital Forces."  He died at of the hotel in Boston where he was staying.
Rhinebeck, after residing there for several The lady's name was Miss Burdick, and he
years, January 23d, I868, regretted by all married her, much to the displeasure of his
who knew him.                             father, who immediately disinherited him;
but repented, however, on his death bed, and
left him the bulk of his fortune. The young
man resolved to proceed to Denmark to atHANNING, WILLIAM, M. D., tend to his inheritance, but the night before
of New York city, was born in  his intended departure was taken suddenly
Massachusetts, near the begin- and dangerously ill, and died in a few hours,
ning of the present century.  He  his widow surviving him but two years. She
graduated at Rutger's College.  Becoming  died in 1805.
interested in Dr. Gram and his theories, he    The subject of this sketch was born in
studied the subject, and, while visiting the  1786, and at the time of his mother's death



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           417
from which place he removed, in I870, to his        ETET T, JONATHAN, M. D., of
present home in Waterville, where he enjoys,          Cleveland, 0., was born in Halas heretofore in other localities, a fair prac-       dimand, Northumbelland county,
tice, the esteem of his numerous friends, and         Ontario, October 3Ist, 1845. He
a good success as a physician              early showed an aptitude for learning, and
commenced the study of French, Latin and
Greek, in his native town, in I86o.  He
entered  the Model Grammar School, in
Toronto, Ontario, in I86I, in which he out* TEARNS, JOSIAH Q., M. D., of  stripped all his classmates, but was obliged,
Elizabeth, N. J., was born in  on account of delicate health, to return
Hinesburgh, Chittenden county, home. In January, 1862, he entered VicVt., January Ioth, I8I3.  His toria College, in Cobourg, Ontario, where he
academical course of studies was pursued in  took the customary honors, and in addition
Middlebury, Vt.  In the spring of I834, he  mastered the German language, and in I866,
canme to New York, and, entering the office graduated B. A. In March, i867, he emiof Dr. Daniel E. Stearns, attended lectures  grated  to Ohio, entered  the employment
in the College of Physicians and Surgeons  of the National Art Association, and reuntil 1839, when he was admitted to the  mained till August, I867.  He then took
Medical Society of the City of New York. charge of the Cleveland Homceopathic HosIn July of that year he removed to Elizabeth, pital, just opened, in the college of which he
N. J., locating at first in that section of the  took his first course of medical lectures. In the
city known as Elizabethport, and for several spring of I868, he was appointed Apothecary
years held the office of Postmaster.  In 1840, in the United  States Marine Hospital at
he was elected a memnler of the District Cleveland.  In I869, the Cleveland HomceoMedical Society of New Jersey.  He is also  pathic Hospital College gave him the degree
a member of the Essex County Medical of M. D; the membership of the Hahnemann
Society, of which he was for one year the  Society, M. H. S., was conferred on him,
President.  Becoming satisfied of the cor- and the degree of M. A. sent him  by his
rectness of the homoeopathic principles, he  Alma Mater, Victoria College; he still regradually retired from the practice of the old  taining his apothecaryship.  In 1870-'71, he
school system, and during the last seventeen  acted as Demonstrator of Anatomy in the
years has devoted himself exclusively to  Cleveland Homceopathic Hospital College,
homoeopathy.  He has attained good suc- and the succeeding summer was elected to
cess, and has a large and valuable prac- and filled the chair of Physiology in the
tice.                                      Woman-'s Medical College at Cleveland.
On May Ist, I839, he married Miss Louisa    September 26th, I87I, he married Miss
C. Judd, of Litchfield, Conn., by whom he  Emma Guillet, daughter of John Guillet, of
has five children.                         Cobourg, Ontario.  An attack of varioloid,
Dr. Stearns, during a professional career about this time, prompted him to investigate
of a third of a century, has earned for him- closely the small-pox, which investigation led
self a high reputation as a zealous and skilful him to use the non-humanized vaccine, drawn
physician.  His success is the best evidence  from carefully-selected, healthy heifers, in his
of his ability.  His social position enables practice. In the epidemic which traversed
him to exert a beneficial influence upon the  Cleveland at the time, he did not lose a pa.
community; and the excellence of his pri- tient, and by this means established  his
vate character, and the urbanity in his pro- theory and gained the confidence of his professional intercourse, unite to commend him  fessional brethren, as well as the public.  In
and the system which he practices.         I872, he was admitted to membership in the
27



HOMCLOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           419
In1 I849, when nineteen years of age, he  then mostly a wilderness. After great hardplaced himself under the tuition of Dr. D. S. ships and privations, he was, in I820., stricken
Smith, of Chicago, and after attending a with paralysis, and for four years lay as helpcourse of lectures at the Cleveland Medical less as a babe, until, in I824, he was released
College, in the season of I85I-'52, remov- from his sufferings with an assurance of a
ing to Fort Wayne, Ind., in 1852, he com- happy immortality.  During this period he
menced the practice of his profession, and by  (Joseph J.) received his first lessons of atconstant attention to his duties and successful tending to the sick, and very early acquired
treatment of disease, he built up an extensive  a desire of becoming a physician.
practice and honorable reputation. In I859,   After the death of his father he was sent to
the degree of M. D. was conferred upon him  Nine Partners, N. Y., where, under the care
by the Hahnemann Medical College of Chi- of the Society of Friends, he attended the
cago. Dr. Bowen's aim has been that which  boarding school, and acquired a good subshould animate every physician who feels a  stantial English education.  After leaving
proper pride in his profession, namely, to  that institution, in I828, he engaged teaching,
advance the usefulness and dignity of his and for about eight years devoted his time to
calling, rather than to regard it as a mere  his profession. The want of exercise and
trade, to be driven with an eye exclusively to  intense application to studies prostrated him,
its pecuniary gains. He has practised ac- and for some time he was obliged to relincording to the pure homceopathic system, and  quish his labors.
while being rewarded for his efforts by a    In I830, he was married to Louise Nichols,
most gratifying success, he has had the satis- by whom he had twelve children.  IIe read
faction of seeing the standing of homoeopathy  medicine with Dr. H. H. Sherwood, of New
in his section measurably advanced as the  York, for about four years, and with Dr.
result of his labors.                      Henry Weeks, of Norwich, Canada, two
Dr. Bowen was married in I86o, and en- years, and commenced the practice of medijoys, in the intervals of professional labor, cine as a homceopathist in 1846, and was the
the pleasures of domestic life and the gratifi- first to introduce homceopathy into Canada.
cation of a cultured literary taste.  He has a.   His wife died in 1854, and he was married
decided poetical sense, and possesses no  again to Kate Sage in April, I856, who died
small talent in that direction, as numerous  December, I856. He attended lectures in
contributions to the literature of the day will Philadelphia at the Homceopathic College,
testify. He has written several poems of  and received their diploma in I857. He was
merit for the journals of his city, one of  married again to Merrietta Peterson, of Conwhich-" Woman's Mission," published in  oga (niece of the celebrated Dr. H. L. Eddy,
the Fort Wayne Rebublican-has been much  now of Geneva, N. Y.,) by whom he has had
admired. Dr. Bowen has held aloof from  seven children.
active participation in political strife, as be-    He assisted in obtaining legal rights for
comes a man engaged in his peaceful profes- homeeopathy in Canada by Act of Parliament,
sion, but is a firm adherent to the principles ill I859, entitled "An Act respecting Homof the Republican party.                   ceopathy," by which that system of practice
was placed upon equal legal footing with the
old school. He held the positions of memANCASTER, JOSEPH J., M. D., ber, Secretary and Treasurer of the Board
of London, Canada, was born at established by the "Act" for most of the
Norwich, Upper Canada, on the  time from its establishment until all medical
25th of May, I8I3.  His father boards were, by the provisions of a new Act
(a member of the Society of Friends) emi- of Parliament, merged into the College of
grated to Canada in 1812. The country was Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario.  He



420                     BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
received the thanks of the Cleveland Col-  field, Mass., in the fall of 1838; his second
lege and their honorary diploma for his ser-  course at Vermont Medical College, Woodvices rendered homceopathy in securing the  stock, in the spring of 1840.  He graduated
Act of I859.                                 at the latter institution; in the fall of the
The doctor, though now in his sixtieth  same year attending the course of lectures at
year, is hale and hearty, able to attend pro-  Pittsfield.  His first experience in practice
fessional duties both in city and country; and  was at Elkland, Tioga county, Pa., where he
although his cares are heavy (quite enough  remained two years, spending the winter in
to quail the heart of many a younger man), Chicago.  In the spring of I843, he settled
yet no cold or heat, rain or snow, night or in Waukesha (then known as Prairieville), in,lay, prevents him from attending to the calls  the then Territory of Wisconsin, remaining
of patients, and administering to the wants  there for fourteen years.
of suffering humanity.  His untiring industry    He was married, in 1847, by Rev. Jedeand unyielding probity, together with his  diah Burchard, to Abbie A. Church, in HIengenial manners and acknowledged ability, derson, Jefferson county, N. V.  Accompahave endeared him  to a large circle of firm  nied by his wife, he attempted, in I849, to
fiiends, who have stood by him in the dark  make the overland journey to California, but
days of homceopathy in Canada.  And now,  being both overtaken by sickness, returned
when he has a large and remunerative prac- home.  In 1853, while on a visit to Chicago,
tice, he remembers with gratitude the assis- he was induced to turn his attention to the
tance he has received from the good and the  system of homceopathy, then rapidly growing
true. For thelastthirteeniyears he has practised  into favor in the West, and being convinced
his profession in London, Ontario, and has  of its great superiority to the imperfect and
erected the only octagon residence in the  unscientific measures of the school in which
city, where he, his wife and family will be  he had received his instruction and with
most happy to see any of their friends who  which he had been so long identified, he
will call upon them, where they will receive  purchased a case of medicines from  Rev.
the kind attention that genial hearts and  Dr. Kelly, and passed a year in his experiwilling hands can render.                   ments, desiring to give a thorough test to
this, to him, novel system.  At the expiration
of that time, charmed with the results of the
LYE, LAWTON COLVIN, M. D., trial, and rejecting totally all his old methods,
of Baraboo, Wis., was born in  he fully embraced the science, wisely deterShaftsbury, Vt., July 15th, ISI5. mining to follow a strict line of obedience to
He comes of a very old family, its governing law.  Since which time, never
all of them  farmers for many generations. regretting the change, but more and more
IIe lived during his minority upon a farm, sensible, day by day, of its superior advanemployed in the usual duties of such a life, tages, he finds his profit in a large and lucraexcept while at school or engaged in teach- tive practice, and great delight in his success
ing.  Receiving the usual common school in relieving the bitter pangs of disease and
education, he completed his literary studies  physical suffering.
at Union Academy, East Bennington, Vt.
In the spring of I837, he commenced the
study of medicine in North Bennington, Vt.,           RIGHT, A. K., of Buffalo, N. V.,
with Dr. Horace May (deceased a few years               was born in Orange county, N.
since), who afterward became a convert to               Y., October I9th, 1829.  After
homceopathy and practised it in Brooklyn.               graduating  at the  New  York
He attended his first course of medical lec- State Normal School, in I848, he taught in
tures at the Berkshire Medical College, Pitts- the Albany Male Academy, also in the public



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           421
schools of Elmira, N. Y., until the spring of  geon of the Buffalo  Homocopathic Hos1852.  He then commenced the study of  pital.
medicine in the office of I. H. Warner, M.                 -- 
D., an eminent practitioner of Buffalo, and
the pioneer of homceopathy in that city. He         cMURRAY, ROBERT, M. D., of
also attended a course of lectures in the             New  York  city, was born  at
Buffalo Medical College.  His health failing          Salem, N. Y., on the 17th of
in I854, he was ordered to sea by Dr. War-            January, 18I7. He is the son of
ner; his professional study was thus subjected  John McMurray, and is of Scotch descent.
to unavoidable interruption.               His elementary education was received at
In April of I854, he sailed for China, and  the Washington Academy, in his native town.
within a month after reaching his destina- After its completion he was desirous of foltion he obtained the post of Surgeon on one  lowing the medical profession as his future
of H. B. M.'s mail steamships of the Penin- occupation.  He entered the office of Drs.
sular and Oriental Company. Cruising along  Alien and Stevenson at the age of eighteen,
the coast of India and China, frequently  and in I838, when just past his majority, he
lying a long time in port, he enjoyed oppor- obtained a license from the county to practise
tunities of studying both the diseases and  medicine, and immediately engaged in pracnatural history peculiar to those countries, tice according to the allopathic method. He
and every possible means by which he could  subsequently attended lectures at the Western
increase his knowledge was embraced.       College of Physicians and Surgeons of New
Early in the summer of I856, he left China  York, at which institution he took his degree
for Europe. At Paris he resumed his medi- in the year I840. He continued to practise
cal studies, attending the clinics of Tessier, under the old school system  in his native,
Teste, and other welliknown homceopathists. place and the surrounding  neighborhood,
Before leaving Paris he obtained certificates chiefly in connection with his former preof study from Paul Dubois, Trousseau, Jobert ceptor, Dr. Abraham Allen, until the summer
and Chassaignac.  Having visited the prin- of I844. In the latter year he received a
cipal hospitals of London and the provinces, pressing invitation from his friend, Dr. Alfi-ed
he returned to the United States in I857. Freeman, to settle in New York city, which
His observations and experience in the East he accepted, and: accordingly removed to that
and in Europe firmly established his convic- city.
tions respecting the efficacy of homoeopathy    He now, for the first time, became intiand  faith in its being the true practice. mately acquainted with homeopathy, as Dr.
Having determined to adopt the practice of  Freeman was practising according to that
the new school, he graduated from the West- school.  Becoming interested in the new
ern Homceopathic College of Cleveland, O., theory, he at once commenced a thorough
and removed to Elmira, N. Y., where he  investigation of it by study and experiment,
continued until I859, when he established  and finally became so convinced of its supehimself in Buffalo, and became associated  riority over allopathy that he resolved to
with Drs. Kenyon and Warner. This part- adopt it in his future practice.  He became
nership continued until I86o, when the death  intimately acquainted with the late Dr. Durof Dr. Warner occurred, and the failing  mell, and many of the first living homceohealth of Dr. Kenyon obliged him to retire. pathic physicians; with Dr. Cooke he was
He was thus left in the entire charge of a upon terms of the closest intimacy.  He was;
large practice.                            one of the first members of the New Yorkl
He is a member of the American Institute  County Society, of which he was afterwards
of Homoeopathy, also one of the Attending elected President, and to which he still bePhysicians of the Ingleside Home, and Sur- longs.  He is also a member of the Hahne



422                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAIEDIA  OF
mann Academy, and, in I867, became a many of the medicines used in allopathy,
member of the American Institute at Pitts- which was the only system then practised in
burgh. After remaining with Dr. Freeman  the town where he resided.  He was a mall
for about six years, he went into practice  of observation, of study, and of great practialone in I850, and has continuously prac- cal sagacity, and became satisfied that sometised to the present time, being nearly thirty  thing beyond the ordinary practice of alloyears since he went to New  York  and  pathy was necessary to reach many of "the
adopted  the homcopathic system, during  ills that human flesh is heir to."  He then
which time he has contributed some articles  turned his attention to homceopathy, giving.f importance to the literature of that school. it a candid, impartial examination.  The
IlIe was appointed to the chair of Clinical more he studied the new law of cure, the
Medicine in the New York Medical College  more was he convinced of its utility, and that
for Women, and is also Hospital Superinten- it is the system best adapted to cure the maldent to the same, and he acted as Professor adies of mankind.  He therefore continued
of Clinical Medicine in I87I.              to study and practise it in his own family for
lie was married, in I847, to Miss Savage, several years with great success. Afterward,
of his native county. The lady is still living, at the solicitation and by the advice of many
but they have no children.                 of his friends, and especially of Dr. Bowman
His long experience and superior abilities  H. Shivers, of Haddonfield, N. J., he was
have won for him the eminent position which  induced to enter the Philadelphia University
he now occupies, ranking, as he does, among  of Medicine and Surgery, in 1864.  In I866,
the first physicians of the homceopathic school. he was graduated from that institution, and
He is very thorough and precise in whatever was afterward matriculated at and graduated
he undertakes, and people at once feel that from  the IIahnemann Medical College of
they may rely upon him; joined to which, Philadelphia.  Since that time he has had a
his scientific knowledge is far beyond that successful practice in his native town until
which usually passes as sufficient for a medi-  I7I, and afterward in -Haddonfield, N. J.,
cal practitioner.  His social qualities are  where he now  resides.  Dr. Shreve is a
also such as to make him loved and respected  member of the American Institute of Honuby all who know him.                       ceopathy, of the New Jersey State Homceo
pathic Society, and of the West Jersey Dis
trict Homceopathic Society.
HREVE, JOSEPH, M. D., of
Haddonfield, N. J., was born at
Longacoming, Gloucester county,          LEXANDER, MRS. ELSIE H.,
N. J. (now  Berlin, Camden                 M. D., of Chicago, Ills., is a nacounty, N. J.), September 24th, I822.  He             tive of New York, where she was
is the oldest son of Samuel Shreve, a promi-          born in the year I834.  Her
nent merchant and farmer of that place, and  medical studies were first pursued in the
grandson of Joseph Shreve, of Mansfield, Western Hoinceopathic College of Cleveland,
Burlington county, N. J., all of whom were  O., where she graduated in the month of
members of the Society of Friends.  Dr. March, 1854. During the sessions of I855
Shreve acquired a common school education  and I856, she filled the chair of Demonil his native town, and was afterward en- strator of Anatomy in that institution, besides
gaged for several years in mercantile and  enjoying a lucrative practice in her profesagricultural pursuits.  He was married in  sion, in the same city, until the close of the
I844, and having the care of a family, he  last named year.
became acquainted with the properties of    Desirous of increasing her store of medical



424                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
land Homoceopathic Hospital College.  On  joined himself to a company of militia, orthe breaking out of the war of the rebellion, ganized at St. Paul, and was engaged in
he enlisted in the 2Ist Regiment of Ohio  several severe battles with the Indians along
Infantry Volunteers, and served three years, the Misnnesota river, and in the vicinity of
chiefly as Hospital Steward, in which posi- Fort Ridgeley.
tion he gained a knowledge of surgery, for   IIe recruited for the Minnesota Mounted
which he is now so celebrated.  Returning  Rangers, a one year organization, and served
home in I864, he engaged in general prac- with it in the capacity of Hospital Steward.
tice for two years, and graduated with great He was afterward commissioned as an Assishonor in I867.  He is an occasional con- tant Surgeon of the 2d Minnesota Cavalry,
tributor to the homceopathic periodicals, and  which was connected with the Minnesota
by his great success has obtained a practice  Brigade, under the  command of Colonel
second to none in northern Ohio, while by  Thomas.  They were united with a brigade
his integrity and uprightness he has gained  from Iowa, all under the commnand of Genthe esteem  of the community in which he  eral Sully.  In the fall of I864. he returned
lives.                                     to Fort Wadsworth, Dak. Ter.  At this: —0-Q6c                post he remained for eighteen months, se!rving in the capacity of Surgeon.  He was
ARLEY, CHARLES ISAAC, M. mustered out of the United States service at
D., of Sandy Hill, N. Y., was  St. Paul, in the spring of I866. During the
born at St. Johnsbury, Vt., on the  year he engaged in practice at Winnebago
22d day of February, I835. He  City, Faribault county, Minn., and, in conreceived his early education at the Academy  ncction with his practice, carried  on the
at Lyndon Corner, Vt.  In the spring of  drug business in this place for a period of
1855, he went to Iowa, and spent the re- six years, during which time he spent another
mainder of the year in the vicinity of Daven- winter in New York in attendance upon lecport. He then returned to Vermont, and  tures and clinics at the Hommeopathic Medisoon afterward entered upon the study of  cal College.
medicine with Dr. C. B. Darling, a noted    In the winter of I867, he married Miss
homoeopathist of Lyndon. After three years  Mattie O. White, of Winnebago City. In
of diligent study he graduated at the Burling- April, I872, he, at the urgent request of one
ton Medical College, in the year I859.  He  of his brother physicians, who is now in
then spent one year in the practice of his  California, removed to Sandy Hill, N. Y.,
profession in the village of Essex, Clinton  and engaged in practice there.  He has
county, N. Y., after which he engaged in  secured a large and lucrative practice by a
practice with H. A. Houghton, M. D., of  diligent exercise of his skill. This competent
Reeseville, N. Y., and there spent his second  young homceopathist has every prospect of
vear's practice. After spending a winter in  "fair weather ahead."
New York, in attendance upon the lectures
at the HIomceopathic Medical College, he
resumed his practice at Malone, Franklin
county, N. Y., in the spring of I862.  He           ERCER, WILLIAM MOSBY, M.
emigrated to Minnesota in the month of                D., of Galveston, Texas, was
August of that same year, and arrived there           born February 5th, I828, at Princejust previous to the Indian massacre that             ton, Caldwell county, Ky.  His
began by the murder of some whites near grandfather, James Mercer, was an early setActon, on the 17th of August, and followed  tier of Kentucky, and represented his county
the next day by a general massacre of the  fourteen successive years in the Legislature
settlers on the upper Minnesota river. Hie  of that State.  His father, Raney Mercer,



426                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
York, quickly gaining an extensive practice  practice and reputation doubtless growing
in that city and in Brooklyn.  He was a  with the growth of the city.
member of the American Institute of Homceopathy, and Vice-President of the Homceopathic Medical Society of the State of New            CHEURER, P., M. D., of HanoYork.  Though twice married, he had no                  ver, York county, Pa., was born
children, and, ten years prior to his decease,         in Lehigh county, Pa., August
retired to his native place, dividing his time          I8th, 1799. Originally he dedibetween literary and agricultural pursuits.    cated himself to the ministry.  His early
studies were directed to theology.  He labored in the ministry about fifty years.  In
his earlier years he was rather of sickly
MITH, ST. CLAIR, M. D., of  habits himself, and had much sickness in his
New  York  city, was born in  family, which induced him  to read medical
Cayuga county, N. Y., March  works with devoted attention, by which he
I5th, I846. IHis father was a  arrived at a considerable acquaintance of the
respectable farmer in New Yorkl State, and  principles and practice of allopathy; in fact,
brought up his son to the same occupation, so much so, that allopathic physicians acsending him, however, during the winters, to  credited him with the capability of practising
the common district school.  This lasted till medicine; which, however, it was not his
he was twelve years of age, when he went to  idea so to do at that time.  It was not until
the Cayuga Lake Academy, remaining there  the year I839 that he turned his attention to
for one year, when he entered the High  the importance of using his extended knowSchool at Auburn, staying  there for two  ledge of medicine for the benefit of others.
terms and teaching school.                  In that year he tried homceopathy, and with
He commenced  the study of medicine  such success that he has never had cause to
under the tuition of Dr. William M. Gwynn, regret his step. From the first, every prescripof Throopsville, N. Y., afterwards entering  tion appeared to be attended with the hapthe New York Homceopathic College, where  piest results; and during thirty-three years of
he graduated in I869. After receiving his  professional experience, in which he attained
diploma, he was appointed Resident Physi- to great proficiency in the healing art, he is
cian to the Children's Hospital Five Points  able to point to thousands and tells of thou-louse of Inidustry, in which position he re- sands of cases in which the most beneficent
mailned for two years and a half, when he  results have attended his numerous prescripremoved to Brooklyn and established himself  tions.  His attention has been given excluin private practice.  But he had only been  sively to therapeutics, never having attempted
about four months in this latter city, when he  surgery.  Now, in the seventy-fourth year of
was appointed  Resident Physician of the  his age, he looks upon a life usefully and
Brooklyn Homceopathic Lying-in Asylum, beneficently employed.  With  a vigorous
holding that office till I872.  In this year he  constitution, he scarcely feels the decrepitude
returned to New York city, and formed a  usually associated with old age.
partnership with Dr. Allen, with whom he is
still carrying on an extensive and profitable
practice, which is rapidly increasing.  He is        REEMAN, WARREN, M. D., of
at present one of the Attending Physicians of          New  York city, was born May
the same hospital where he was formerly                 23d, I815, at Salem, Washington
Resident Physician (the Children's).  Still            county, N. Y.  His father was
very young in his profession, he has every  Andrew  Freeman, a prominent citizen of
prospect of rising to future eminence, his that place, who died when his son was still



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                              427
quite young. He received his education at conferred on him, at Amherst College, in
the High School of the county, and was with  I863.  He commenced the practice of medihis brother for two years. In I836, he went cine in Brooklyn in I86I, and in I862, ento the South, intending to reside there, and  tered the United States Army as Acting
commenced the study  of medicine.  In  Assistant Surgeon, being stationed at Point
I850-'53, he attended lectures at the Hom- Lookout.  In I863, however, he resigned
ceopathic College at Philadelphia, obtaining  this position and entered into a partnership
his degree in I854. After graduating he  with Dr. Caird Dunham, which lasted two
removed to New York city, where he formed  years.  He treated his first few cases only
a partnership with Dr. James Mairs, which  according  to the allopathic method.  He
connection lasted for eighteen years, at the  studied homceopathy under Dr. P. P. Wells,
end of which time he separated from  his of Brooklyn, and has adhered to that system
partner and commenced the practice of hom- ever since. After dissolving his partnership
mopathy alone in I87I.                     with Dr. Dunham he practised alone.
He is a member of the County Society and    In I866, he was Professor of Chemistry in
the American Institute of Homceopathy. He  the New York Medical College for Women;
has always enjoyed a large and lucrative  in I867, he was Professor of Anatomy in the
practice, and, during his long professional New  York Homoeopathic College, and in
career, has acquired much and varied experi- 1871, Professor of Therapeutics and Materia
ence in the treatment of all classes of disease. Medica in the same College, which position
In I842, he was happily married to Miss he still retains. In I867, he became Surgeon
Juliet A. Mairs, of New York, having one  to the New York Ophthalmic Hospital, in
daughter by this union. He has not ne- which capacity he has been identified with
glected literature, but has contributed manyl that institution ever since. It was, as we
valuable articles to the journals, doing much  learn, through his influence that this institugood to the cause.                         tion received Miss Emma King's endowment
He is still in active practice, in which, by  of $Ioo,ooo.  He is Vice-President of the
his quiet, unassuming manners, his solid  Toney Botanical Club, member of the Lygood sense and well-known ability, he has  ceum  of Natural History, corresponding
acquired the confidence of all his patients, member of the Portland Society of Natural
who regard him as so thoroughly reliable in  History, member of the Buffalo Academy of
his profession that no hesitation is experi- Natural Sciences, and some other literary and
enced in placing  the most difficult cases  scientific societies.
entirely in his hands.                       In I1873, he was elected President of the
New York County Society.  Is a member
-— b~ —  I of the State Society and American Institute,
and Secretary of the Hahnemann Academy
LLEN, TIMOTHY  FIELD, A. of Medicine.  He has contributed various
M., M. D., of New York city, articles to the journals, and is now editing
was born in Westminster, Vt., the "Encyclopoedia of Materia Medica,"
April 24th, I837.  His father, which will be the standard work on this subDr. I)avid Allen, of the same place, but now  ject.  He has also a work in preparation on
living at Putney, was a prominent physician  the treatment of diseases of the eye. Unlike
and practised over fifty years.  He received  the generality of scientific men, he possesses
his education at Amherst College, Mass., an excellent taste for music, having composed
where he graduated in I858. He afterwards  a large amount of manuscript music, and
attended lectures in the Medical Department whilst studying medicine in Brooklyn he for
of the University of New York, graduating  several years officiated as organist at the
there in I86I. The degree of A. M. was  Church of the Pilgrims.  He was then both



HOMCEOPATHIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          429
was, however, admitted to study the " Swed- emus, taking a separate diploma for that
ish Movement Cure," as it is termed, at the  branch of science.
city of Stockholm, and with such success as   Independently of his medical acquirements,
to enable her to fill the position of Chief  he is a mineralogist of some note, and also an
Manager of an institution devoted to this artist of much taste and promise. In I863,
regime, at the city of Bergen, in the adjacent his father retired from the more active duties
kingdom of Norway.                         of his profession and gave it to him, together
Still Mrs. Spork was not satisfied with the  with the avails of his large and valuable
limited knowledge she had so far acquired. practice, yielding an annual income of some
Turning her face westward to the great $25,000.
Republic, where more liberal ideas prevail,   His mind has decidedly a scientific turn,
and where sex is not recognized in the study  and being favored with mlore than ordinary
and practice of the healing art, she at length  talent and brilliancy, he holds forth promise
reached Chicago, whither so many of her of being a fortunate successor of his able and
countrymen and women had already preceded  distinguished father.
her.  Matriculating at the Hahnemann Med-    Being still quite a young man for a physiical College in that city, she pursued her cian, he has unquestionably in store for himeager search into the pathology and treat-' self a future career of usefulness, prosperity
ment of the various "ills that flesh is heir and honor.
to," with such success as to graduate on the
20oth March, I873, with all the honors; being
the first Scandinavian lady who has studied      IHENEY, BENJAMIN  HICKS,
homceopathy and received the full diploma             M. D., of New  Haven, Conn.,
of Doctor of Medicine.                                was born at Vicksburg, Miss.,
Mrs. Dr. Spork has made Chicago her                 October ioth, I838. His father,
home, and she already enjoys a very large  the Rev. S. C. Cheney, of Berkshire county,
practice among her countrywomen, many  was a.clergyman of the Presbyterian Church.
thousands of whom are residents of that city  His boyhood and youth were passed princiand its immediate neighborhood.            pally in New York city, where he received
his primary education at the Free Academy.
He afterwards entered the Wesleyan University, and completed his classical studies
at Amherst College.
IRELIGH, EDWIN GALE, M. D.,   In I857, he commenced the study of mediof New York city, was born at cine, attending the lectures at the College of
Saugerties, Ulster county, N. Y., Physicians and Surgeons in New York city.
on the 2d of August, I838. He  Proposing to reside in the South, he went to
is the son and only child of Dr. Martin Fre- New Orleans and entered the University of
ligh.  His education was commenced at the  Louisiana at that place, where he graduated
Rhinebeck Academy, and the classical por- in March, I86I. On coming North, soon
tion of it completed at the Chelsea Collegiate  after the commencement of the war, he enInstitute, N. Y. He matriculated in the  tered the Government service.  His first apNew York Medical College, where he fol- pointment was that of Acting Assistant Surlowed the customary courses of lectures with  geol United States Army, being stationed at
earnestness and industry, graduating from  Camp Chase, near Columbus, 0.; but he
that institution in I86o. After obtaining his afterwards received a commission as Assistant
diploma he at once entered into practice in  Surgeon of the 4Ist Regiment Ohio Volunconnection with his father. He furthermore  teers, and, later still, was appointed Assistant
graduated in chemistry under Professor Dor- Staff Surgeon on the staff of Major-General



430                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPA,IDIA  OF
Crittenden, commanding  the  2ISt Army  cine under the instruction of his father and
Corps. After the battle of Chickamauga he  Professor William  Darling.  He received
was transferred to the staff of the 4th Army  his degree in the Medical Department of the
Corps, in which he made the campaign in  University of the City of New York, in the
Georgia, and resigned his position at Atlanta. session of I85I-'52.
He was next appointed one of the Examining    Since obtaining his diploma he has pracSurgeons in the Provost Marshal's Bureau  tised medicine in New York city. His exfor the Sixth District of Illinois, with head- perience in cases of small-pox has made him
quarters at Joliet, where he remained, after an earnest advocate of the principle of more
the termination of the war, in private practice  frequent re-vaccination than what is customtill the winter of I867. During that year, ary.  He entertains the sincere conviction
and previously, he had read many homceo- that both varioloid and small-pox may, with
pathic works, and, furthermore, made experi- proper precautions and due exertion on the
ments of hommopathic remedies, the result part of professional men-combined, perhaps,
of which investigations convinced him of the  with some action on the part of the Statetruth of the " new doctrine," and induced  be entirely erased from the long catalogue of
him  to adopt it as his guide in his future  human diseases.
practice.  In I870, he removed to Chicago
and commenced practice in an office with
Dr. G. D. Beebe, where he remained till
187I, when the great fire destroyed both his        OOKE, NICHOLAS FRANCIS,
home and practice, compelling him to seek a           Professor, M. D., of Chicago,
new field of exertion elsewhere; in conse-            Ills., was born in Providence,
quence of which he removed in the following           R. I., on the 25th of August,
November to New Haven, Conn.  In I871, I829.  He is descended firom  an old and
he became associate editor of the Mledical distinguished Rhode Island family.  He is a
Investigator, and, in the previous year, was great-grandson of Hon. Nicholas Cooke, the
elected a member of the American Institute  first Continental Governor of the State of,
of Homceopathy.  In I863, he was married  Rhode Island.  He was long under the prito Miss Sarah Austin, second daughter of  vate tuition of the venerable Thomas ShepAlgernon Austin, Esq., of Lincoln county, Me. hard, D. D., of Bristol, R. I., and was pre.
Dr. Cheney has not only contributed by  pared for college by Messrs. Merrick Lyon
his practice and example to the advancement and Henry S. Frieze-the latter the Professor
of medical science, but also by his numerous  of the Latin Language and Literature in the
contributions to the different scientific jour- University of Michigan, and the author of
nals, and we may be permitted to hope that several valuable classical works.
his able pen will be more than ever employed    He studied medicine with Usher Parsons,
in defence of the cause he has espoused-the  M. D., of Providence, R. I. He entered
noble cause of homceopathy.                Brown University as a Freshman in I846,
and was contemporaneously a student in that
institution, though not a classmate, with Dr.
J. B. Angell, the present incumbent of the
presidential chair of the University of MichiOSLIN, BENJAMIN  F., Jr., M. gan. He spent the time from I849 to 1852
D., of New York city, was born  in visiting various foreign countries, acted as
in Union College, Schenectady, the ship's surgeon on board of different vesN. Y., November 8th, I830. sels during his voyages, and finally made a
After having completed his laical course of  complete circuit of the globe.  In 1852, he
education, he commenced the study of medi- entered the Medical Department of the Uni



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           43I
versity of Pennsylvania; he also attended the  though he retains his extensive practice in
lectures at the Jefferson Medical College, Chicago.
and finally graduated, in the spring of 1854,   At a convention of homeopathic physiat the Homceopathic Medical College of  cians, held at Ann Arbor, Mich., on the 7th
Pennsylvania.  His conversion to homceo- of May, I873, for the purpose of nanming
pathy was the result of an investigation upon  three candidates for each of the chairs of
which he entered with the view of taking  Theory and Practice and Materia Medica, in
intelligent ground against it.             the Medical Department of the University of
He entered upon the practice of his pro-  Michigan, which, by the action of the Legisfession in his native city, in company with A. lature of I872-'73, were awarded to the
H. Okie, M. D., the first homceopathic grad- homceopathic profession, he was the first of
uate in America.  He removed to Chicago  the three nominated for the chair of Theory
in I855, where he has since been identified  and Practice, from which the Regents of the
with every great movement in the progress  University will make their selection. He is
of homoeopathy in that city, and possesses a  a prominent writer, and has contributed expractice that is both extensive and laborious. tensively both to general and medical literaHe was married, on the 15th of October, ture.  lie is the author of a work called
I856, to Laura Wheaton Abbot, of Warren, " Satan in Society, by a Physician," pubR. I., a daughter of the late Commodore Joel lished in I871, which has met with an enorAbbot, of the United States Navy, by whom  mous sale and created a marked sensation.
he has four children.                      As a lecturer he is both accomplished and
At the organization of the Hahnemann  attractive, while his social relations are of the
Medical College of Chicago, in I859, he was highest order and qualify him in every rechosen Professor of Chemistry, and subse- spect for any position to which it may be his
quently of Theory and Practice, which chair good fortune to be advanced.
he filled with great ability and distinction    He and his accomplished wife have been
until his resignation, in I870.            for several years attached to the Roman
Previous to the great fire of October gth, Catholic Church.
I871, his residence was in the northern division of the city, whence, in common with
so many thousands, he was driven from house
and home by the terrible rapacity of that           ICE, HYLAND WASHINGTON,
devouring element.  The narration of his              M. D., of Aurora, Ills., was born
numerous narrow  and marvellous escapes,              in Wilmington, Del., February
while fleeing with his family and others who          i9th, I847.  He is the son of the
had sought his protection, is full of adven- late Thomas B. Rice, a much  respected
ture and interest. In less than one week  wholesale and retail grocer of Wilmington,
from the date of the sad catastrophe he was Del.  His early education was received at
comfortably re-established and doing as large  the schools of Wilmington. He subsequently
a business as before. He twice received the  attended  the Wyers' Academy  at West
compliment of an election to the chair of  Chester, Pa., and finally completed his liteTheory and Practice, in different medical rary and classical course at the Hudson River
institutions, accompanied by flattering pro- Institute at Claverack, Columbia county, N.
posals to remove his residence, but he has Y., where he received his diploma.
felt constrained to reject them.  With the    His father intending he should embrace
opening of the Pulte Homceopathic College  the profession of the law, directed his course
of Cincinnati, O., in the fall of I872, he ap- of study towards that end, and although unpeared as its Professor of Special Pathology  congenial to his taste and opposed to his own
and Diagnosis, which chair he still holds, views, he nevertheless applied himself to the



432                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPIEDIA OF
reading of law.  Shortly after the death of  cess, especially in the treatment of chronic
his father, which occurred in I862, he found  diseases; as a consequence, he has built up a
that circumstances rendered it expedient that large and growing practice.  His first fields
he should reduce his expenses to the lowest of usefulness were Rochester, N. V., and
possible amount.  He was therefore obliged  Pittsburgh, Pa. He removed from Rochester
to relinquish study and enter upon a mercan- in i868, locating in the West.  He finally
tile life, which he pursued until he had saved  established himself in Chicago, where he is
sufficient money to permit of renewed appli- doing a large business, success attending his
cation to the study of a profession.        efforts.
After a few years of close attention to    He is a careful student, devoted to investibusiness, he commenced the study of medi- gation and research, eager to develop all new
cine in the office of M. Macfarland, M. D., theories which will establish the truth of
of Philadelphia.  Having attended the regu- homceopathy and promote the interests of
lar course of lectures at the Hahnemann  science.
Medical College of Philadelphia, he there
graduated in the spring of 1870, and at once
removed to Illinois, locating at Elgin, Kane         EIDL1TZ, GEORGE NEUMAN,
county, where he remained until the fall of            M. D., of Keokuk, Iowa, was
I 87; when ill health obliged him to abandon          born in Glogan, in the kingdom
his practice.                                           of Prussia, on  February I6th,
In January, I872, he married Marie Wa-  I82i.  His father was Councillor of Justice
terman, of Wilmington, Ills., and in March  in the Supreme Court of the Province of
of the same year settled in Aurora.         Silesia, Prussia.  His mother was daughter
He has contributed to the medical writing  of the Mayor of Glogan.  Having completed
of the day, and has been extensively con- the appointed course of instruction in the
nected with various secret organizations of  Gymnasium  in Glogan, he entered the Unithe country.  He is joint author of the  versities of Berlin and Heidelberg succes-' Third Amplified Rank of the Order of  sively, and on his graduation went to Rio de
Knights of Pythias;"  also a member of the  Janeiro, Brazil. After mastering the PortuSupreme Lodge of the World of the Order of  guese language, he was appointed Assistant
Knights of Pythias.  He also holds the posi- Surgeon in the Hospital of Jurijuba, near
tion of Secretary of the Independent Order  Rio, under Surgeon-General Dr. Da Costa
of Odd Fellows; Kane County Illinois Mor-  and Dr. Correa d'Assevedo.  While in the
tuary Association, which he was instrumental discharge of his official duties he had an atin organizing; is also Secretary of the Four-  tack of yellow fever, followed by a relapse.
teenth District Homceopathic Medical Society  Of this second attack he was cured by homof Illinois, and member of the State Associa-  ceopathic treatment, which induced him to
tion.                                       give to the system a thorough and patient
examination.  In order to do this more effectively he came to the Unit d States in March,
i AKE, DUMONT  C., M. D., of  I850, and in the colleges of New York and
Chicago, Ills., was born in Nunda,  Philadelphia pursued his studies for a short
N. Y.  He is the son of the late  time; but meeting with  some pecuniary
C. M. Dake, M. D., an eminent losses, he removed to the State of Mississippi,
and much respected practitioner of Rochester, where for a few years he was Principal of the
N. Y., also a nephew of Dr. Dake, of Nash-  Port Gibson Collegiate Academy.  During
ville, Tenn.  As a young man and rising  the war he was in active service in the Conphysician he has already displayed the most federate Army, and having, in consequence,
marked ability, and has achieved great suc- lost all his property, he removed, in i864, to



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           433
Keokuk, Iowa, where he has since been  as a medical practitioner.  She is the first
actively and  successfully engaged in the  female graduate of any medical school, and
duties of his profession.  In June, I854, he  is the pioneer of her sex in the practice of
was married to Miss Sarah Measey, of Bur- medicine in the State of Virginia. Although
lingtonj N. J. He is a member of the Amer- devoted to her profession, in which an exican Institute of Homnceopathy, and Secretary  tended practice gives many duties, she neverand Treasurer of the Homceopathic State  theless contributes much literary matter to
Society of Iowa.                           the press, being known both as an authoress
and poetess.
UGIES, ELIZA  C., M. n., of                ILSON, ABRAM  D., M. D., of
Wheeling, W. Va., was born in              New York city, was born in Colthat city.  Her ancestors were             umbia College, in that city, in
among the first who settled the            which institution his father was a
northern portions of Virginia, bordering on  professor.  He received his education in the
the line of the Blue Ridge mountains. IHer same college, where he graduated in ISS, at
father, the late Thomas Hughes, of Wheeling, the early age of eighteen.  He then comwas held in high esteem, and her brother, menced the study of medicine by entering the
Dr. Alfred Hughes, is an eminent physician  New York College of Physicians and Surof Baltimore, Md.                          geons, taking his degree there in I82I.  He
She received a thorough English education, immediately entered upon the practice of this
and graduated with the highest honors at a profession, which he followed with much
collegiate institution.  Her desire for the  success for a time as an allopathic practitioner.
study of medicine was first awakened by the  Some time after this he was introduced by
reading of the medical works in Dr. Hughes' Dr. John F. Gray to Dr. Gram.  Incredulous
library.  Although always most eager and  at first, and, like nearly all his brethren of the
earnest in her perusal of such matter, it was old school, deeming the new doctrine nothing
long before she entertained the idea of enter- short of a humbug, he resolved to follow in
ing upon a regular course of professional his old course; but the convincing arguments
study; and even after having formed the re- of his new acquaintance, together with the
solution, it was With no definite intention of  extraordinary and difficult cures which he
practising.  When the thought was first sug- witnessed, induced him to further investigate
gested to her mind she did not give it expres- the subject by study and experiment. These
sion. Knowing the prejudice widely enter- tests resulted in his becoming a convert to the
tained against women  adopting such an  system of Hahnemann, and, in I829, he puboccupation  in life, she shrank  from  the  licly adopted the homceopathic method in the
remarks the decision would give rise to; but treatment of his patients, continuing steadher purpose once acknowledged, her deter- fastly in the same path till the day of his
mination did not falter, notwithstanding the  death, which happened June 20oth, I864.
pressure of opposition.                      Although he did not contribute much to
Having resolved to adopt the medical pro- the literature of homceopathy, he was neverfession, she commenced her study of medicine  theless active and zealous in the propagation
in I855. Attended a course of lectures at of the new faith, and did much by his practhe Medical College of Cleveland, O., and  tice and conversation towards the advancelater a second course at the Pennsylvania  ment of the cause.  His influence was great,
Medical College- at Philadelphia, where she  a singular and genuine affection always existgraduated in I86O.  After graduating she  ing between himself and his patients.  His
returned to Wheeling and established herself  memory is still cherished with love and es28



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~,,~?~............f~Iili~t~'~*~'    " t~?,~'~L~I~J~'~'~' r,~ll!tili!,li~1t~,~'~i~i~iii~                       ~.........
~  ~I~.~,'~       t'l~ii~ ~
i                                           ~'Ls~,'t~ ii~II~                    i lr~~
r~i~.l..... ~?~!~ ~I~






HIOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          435
In I85I, he removed to the city of New ical Officer-in-chief to the Globe Mutual Life
York, where he commenced the practice of  Insurance Company, and Surgeon to the
homceopathy by himself, and continued it up  New York Police.
to I863, when he relinquished most of the    His literary labors have been considerable;
details of the practice to his son and only  among them may be mentioned a Monograph
child, Dr. Edwin G. Freligh, a young man  on " The Toxicological Properties of Lead
well qualified and evidently intending  to  and its Various Compounds," a " Treatise on
follow in his father's footsteps. From that Epilepsy," a critical review of " Armstrong's
time he has confined himself more especially  Third Division of Scarlatina Maligna," "The
to organic diseases, consultations and visiting  Pathology and Cure of Consumption," "Freat distances.                              ligh's Homceopathic Practice," which has
His practice has been, and is at the present reached the thirteenth edition; "Homceotime, large and not confined to the city; he  patia Familiar," in Spanish; the " Hiomceois consulted from almost every part of the  pathic Pocket Companion," " Freligh's ComnUnited States, and frequently fromn parties in  pilation  of  the  Homoeopathic  Materia
Europe, and is called to places hundreds of  Medica," and many articles on the proving
miles distant for consultation or actual treat- of drugs, such as the " Apocynum Cannabiment, at a'very considerable expense to his num,"  "Cannabis Indica,"  " Mercury, a
patients, who consider that they receive a  Solvent to the Living Solids;" also, "Amenfull quid9pro zquo for the amounts paid him as orrhcea and its Effects upon the Female
fees, and in many instances making him val- Economy," some of which have appeared in
uable presents besides.                    the medical journals and recent Materia
As an evidence of his skill as a surgeon, it Medicas.  He has now nearly ready for the
may be mentioned that when he was but press a voluminous work upon "Organic
twenty-three or twenty-four years of age his Chemistry, Physiological Chemistry, and the
then partner, Dr. Thomas H. Hamilton, and  Chemistry of Man," in which he argues with
himself performed the wonderful operation  marked ability that a thorough knowledge of
of tying the primitive carotid arteries in a these branches is the only sure foundation
case of epilepsy, with success. The person  upon which to rear a successful therapeutic,
who was operated on subsequently became  and that without it the practice of medicine
well and robust. One other case was the  is but little better than the blind chances of
removal of internal hmemorrhoidal tumors, a  empirical experiment.  He possesses a most
report of which operation can be found in  extraordinary memory, being able to repeat
the "Journal of Medicine and Collateral almost verbatim  et literatim  whole books
Sciences" for September, I847.  He also  which he studied in his earlier years.  He
disarticulated the right arm at the shoulder has never been a specialist, being thoroughly
joint; tied the sub-clavian artery; extirpated  intimate with  every branch  of medicine,
tumors, and performed various operations on  surgery, and the collateral sciences, and
the eye and throat.  These are but a few of  never having confined his attention to any
the cases which might be cited in proof of  one particular class of diseases.  He can
his skill as a surgeon, but they are sufficient claim  among his patrons some of the most
to show that he is thoroughly educated in his distinguished personages; but while his paprofession, self-reliant and confident in his trons have been, and are, mostly of the
own ability.                               wealthier classes, he has never ignored the
He has been appointed to many profes- claims of the poor, ever evincing great readisional positions of honor and responsibility. ness to assist them to the extent of his ability.
He was appointed to the chair of Institutes  His character is remarkable for a deep sensiof' Medicine in his Alma Mater; Surgeon to  bility, which is constantly evinced in his
the Hudson River Railroad Company; Med- practice. He enters heartily into the feelings






.............
April~~~~~~~~~
I Q~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,~ 



HOM(EOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          4 37
standard works as those of Pope, Dryden,           OWEN, ELEAZER, M. D., of
Young, Milton, Blair and Campbell were his r.    Jersey City, was born October,
constant study.  His early education was              I 829, at Rehoboth, Bristol county,
obtained under difficulties, but nevertheless         Mass., of American parentage.
he managed to prepare himself for college, On the completion of his academic course he
to enter and graduate from Brown University  entered Amherst College, but was compelled
in I833. In the fall of the same year he  by failing health to leave it in his junior
began teaching in Providence, in what was year. He then commenced the study of
known as the Classical Institute.  In 1842, medicine on the allopathic system, under Dr.
his health failing, he moved to Philadelphia  Usher Parsons (head Surgeon under Commoin search of a more congenial climate. Here  dore Perry at the battle of Lake Erie), in the
he became acquainted with several physicians, city of Providence, R. I.  He graduated at
among them  Dr. A. E. Small, a zealous the Pittsfield  Medical College, Mass., in
homceopath.  Partly through the influence  I853. After practising for nearly six years
of these gentlemen, partly through principles  in Barnstable, Mass., he was led to investipreviously adopted, and reading notices of  gate homceopathy.  In order to acquaint
and writings by Hahnemann, but more than  himself with it more thoroughly, he went to
all, the effects of homceopathic remedies  New York, where he prosecuted his studies
upon himself, he became a convert to hom- under some of the most eminent professors,
ceopathy.  After a preliminary course he  and in the dispensary of the hospital, for
entered the Homceopathic Medical College  eight months, and returned to Massachusetts
of Pennsylvania, and graduated therefrom in  in I859, settling in a new field of successful
x85I.  He then commenced  practice in  practice in Lynn and Marblehead, where he
Philadelphia, where he has continued to re- remained until I864.  He then removed to
side, and now enjoys a large patronage, won  his present place of abode, where he has
by his skill and attention.                been since engaged in active and lucrative
Dr. Toothaker has always been an earnest practice.
and consistent supporter of the pure and.   Though not a contributor to any great
simple principles of homoeopathy as estab- extent to the literature of homceopathy, he
lished by Hahnemann, and pays no regard to  has been an indefatigable worker in  the
modern theories conflicting  therewith.  He  cause, and has by his intelligently directed
has contributed some admirable articles to  zeal made many converts.  He is a member
the PhilZdelphia 7ournal of Hovmoeopathy. of the County Society and of the National
In I854, he assisted Dr. A. E. Small in pre- Institute.  During  his student career he
paring his work on domestic practice, and a worked very earnestly, and has carried this
little later.wrote a brochure on skin diseases, habit into his professional life. He is held
which was published in I855, in connection  in high esteem by his professional brethren,
with one by Dr. Small on diseases of the  who frequently appeal to his counsel in diffinervous system.  He claims to be the first cult cases requiring experience and discrimiphysician who advocated the homceopathicity  nation.
of hot applications to heated, inflamed surfaces, instead of cold, and explained his
views in a short article published in several       OWLER, EDWARD  PAYSON,
journals about 1854 and.1855. He is also a           M. D., of New York city, was
strenuous advocate of a more thorough and             born in Steuben county, N. Y.,
complete system  of education for medical             November 3oth, I833. His fapractitioners, believing it to be necessary that ther, Judge Horace Fowler, was from an old
they should be men of cultivated minds and  English family, one of whom, Judge William
enlarged habits of thought.                Fowler, of Islington, London, landed  at



438                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPTEDIA OF
Boston in I637, and died at New Haven in  Professor Loewenberg, M. D., of Berlin.
I66o.  His son and grandson were officers  With the French language at command-the
in the English army. After these, the Hon. classics having been a part of his early studSamuel Fowler, next in direct line, was the  ies-he was fitted to avail himself of all the
father of John Fowler and grandfather of  new discoveries and theories as soon as they
Judge Eliphalet Fowler, who had five chil- appeared in the various languages. In I858,
dren, of whom  Horace was the youngest. Drs. Gray, Hull and Fowler separated, each
Horace Fowler had eight children, of whom  carrying on a separate practice, and in I86I,
Edward Payson, the subject of this sketch, Dr. Fowler associated  with  himself Dr.
was the youngest, and who was named after William Ogden McDonald.
an old friend of the family, the Rev. Dr.   Dr. Fowler's views in medicine have alPayson.                                    ways been of the extremely liberal cast; so
The Fowlers are remarkable for longevity. much so, indeed, as to somewhat isolate him
In a direct line of eight generations the ear- from any active support from either school of
liest age at which death occurred was past practice.  He believes that a regularly and
sixty; the most advanced one hundred and  honestly recorded evidence of the possession
six years. The grandfather, Eliphalet, was of the liberal education and moral qualificaa hale man at ninety-nine years of age, meet- tions required by law should place all such
ing death by accident.                     possessors upon equal footing, and that there
Dr. Fowler's mother's maiden name was should exist in the profession a complete
Taylor; her mother was a Phillipps, a family  toleration and a mutual respect for personal
which came to Maryland about the year convictions and beliefs.  The feeling of bitI720.  His mother's brothers were all either terness and the injustice so often displayed
doctors or ministers.  Edward Payson Fow- by medical men of diverse views, though of
ler was taken, at about two years of age, with  equal attainments, he sees with exceeding
his father's family, to Jackson county, Mich., regret and aversion.  It seems to him wholly
where he remained, pursuing the ordinary  unbecoming to cultured minds, entirely incourse of studies, until I844, when he went compatible with  true gentle instinct, and
to New York city. After studying there for something which the public have a right to
a year, he returned to Michigan and was view with the unqualified disgust it does, and
placed under the care of private tutors for a as being calculated to bring the profession
time. Subsequently he studied at the Albion  into contempt, and in great degree to destroy
Seminary, and later, at the Ann Arbor Col- its use. He believes that the arena of medilege. I1 health compelled him to forego a  cine, however multiplied may be its laws or
completion of his course of studies.      truths, is still a unit, and that although his
In I85o, he went again to New York, con- observations have led him to the conclusion
templating the East Indies as a point of des- that there is a law expressed by the formula
tination for mercantile pursuits; but becoming  szioi'ia simil/ibuts curoawtur, he still does not
acquainted with the celebrated Dr. John F. consider that this involves the necessity of
Gray, the latter induced him to commence  denying place to other laws and truths.  Inthe study of medicine under his care. On  tolerance in scientific matters he thinks reMarch I8Sth, I85I, he entered the New York  suits only when demonstration is abandoned
Medical College (an allopathic institution), in favor of bald assertion.  Strong in this
where he studied for four years, graduating  sentiment, Dr. Fowler, in 1857, two years
March I8th, I855, taking one of the three  after his graduation, attempted to establish a
prizes given to his class. On the day of his college which should inculcate a manhood
graduation he became associated in business and dignity above the repulsive and childish
with Drs. John F. Gray and A. Gerald Hull. quarrels of the profession as it now exists.
He studied the German  language under To this end he obtained, by untiring ierse



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          439
verance, a charter from the New York State    Dr. Fowler has been a frequent contributor
Legislature-the most liberal charter ever to the scientific periodicals (generally anonygranted by the State, entitled to a capital of  mously), and has now material ready to be
half a million of dollars-an unconditionally  revised and perfected for publication for a
perpetual charter for a corporation to be en- work upon " Sea Sickness," one upon " Scartitled The New York College of Medical let Fever," and one upon "Aids in DiagSciences. The corporation was composed of  nosis, or Signs and their Significance."
some of the most learned and eminent men    A faculty for quickly discriminating beof New York, and a part of the professor- tween an impractical and a practical scheme,
ships were filled.  The  doctor, however, and for at once abandoning the one and
finding that the project met with such violent adhering to the other, together with untiring
and  unreasonable  opposition  from  both  tenacity of purpose and industry, are among
schools of practice, thought the work too  the chief secrets of Dr. Fowler's success.
gigantic a one to be carried on single-handed, During the first ten years of his practice he
in addition to the labors of a large and  never took one solitary day for pleasure, and
rapidly increasing practice.  The scheme  even at the present time the amount of study
was therefore abandoned, though it may at accomplished by him in his carriage, with
some future time be revived.               his books, lexicons, pencil and paper about
By nature thus liberal in feeling, and by  him, quite equals that of any college student.
education habituated to the exercise of tolera- This has been rewarded, even at his early
tion to the utmost extent short of violating  age, by one of the largest and most lucrative
the rights of others, this trait of his moral practices in America, his income from  it
organism  has gained breadth and depth by  exceeding thirty thousand dollars per year.
free intercourse with people in various parts  That he has bestowed much attention to the
of the world.  He is acquainted by travel Beaux-Arts, as well as to his own profession,
with every one of the United States of Amer- may readily be inferred from his surroundings.
ica east of the Rocky Mountains, and he has   In January, 1873, Dr. Fowler married
been in the habit of making annual trips to  Miss Louise Mumford, the second daughter
the various parts of Europe; so that, although  of George H. Mumford, Esq., of Rochester,
he may not share the prejudices peculiar to  N. Y.; a woman of unusual gifts and culture,
each or any individual locality, he yet has and who is well known in society in New
learned to treat them with that respect and  York, San Francisco, and in the various
manly tenderness which  honesty, right or countries of Europe.
wrong, should always receive from Christianity or chivalry.
Some years since Dr. Fowler was elected
to the chair of Theory and Practice in the          ING, ALLAN MOTT, M. D., of
New York Homceopathic College, and also               St. John, New Brunswick, was
in the New York Medical College for Women,            born in St. John, New  Brunsboth of which positions he was obliged to             wick, Canada.  After graduating
decline on account of engrossing professional from  the High School Edinburgh, he beduties.  He was then elected Censor in both  came a student at the Universities of Edinof these colleges, which positions he still re- burgh and New York, and graduated at the
cains. He was also one of the founders, and  latter institution in I867. Having concluded
for a long time Trustee and officer in the  a literary and classical course, he began the
New York Homceopathic Dispensary, and is study of medicine; attended lectures, and
member of many scientific societies in the  finally graduated at the University of New
United States, and an honorary member of  York.
various foreign societies.                   In January, I867, he was appointed Resi



44o0                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
dent Physician of the F. P. House of Indus- endeavors to advance a system which experitry, New York (homceopathic).  In April, ence and close observation have taught him to
I867, he was elected a member of the I iom-  regard as a wise and humane practice.  In
eopathic Medical Society of the County of  I869, he was elected a member of the AmerNew York.  During the year I867, he re- ican Institute of Homceopathy.  He is removed to his native city, St. John, and there  garded as a careful and successful practicommenced the practice of the Hahnemann  tioner.  In his manner he is modest and
system, and although obliged to  contend  unpretentious.
against many disadvantages, his efforts to
establish the new school were attended with
marked success.
In I867, there was only one homceopathic         AINE, RICHARD  KENDALL,
physician residing at St. John-Henry C.               M. D., of Chicago, Ills., was
Preston, M. D., formerly of Providence, R. I.,        born in the town of Orange, Vt.,
a practitioner of skill and eminence, acknow-         on the 5th of October, 1841. He
ledged as a scientific and able man.       is the son of William  B. Paine, -who started
The slow growth of homceopathy in the  in life as a carpenter and wheelwright, which
maritime provinces of Canada, owing to the  trades he followed for several years; he then
violent opposition of the old school so long  turned his attention to farming, in which
established, rendered its practice one of great pursuit he is at present engaged.  One of his
toil, and called forth in its adherents patience  brothers, Dr. Ezra Paine, is an allopathic
and perseverance; nevertheless, the system  physician practising in Montpelier, Vt.; and
slowly but surely gained ground, and, upheld  another, E. C. Paine, is the present Superinby the wealthy and educated classes of New  tendent of Public Schools in Blue Earth
Brunswick, it is now established on a firm  county, Minn.
basis.  In I869, he was instrumental in es-   When Dr. Paine was in his tenth year his
tablishing a Homceopathic Pharmacy at St. father removed to Fond du Lac, Wis., where
John.  In I870, actuated by a spirit of benev- the former received his primary education at
olence and a fervent desire to further the  the common schools of that town; and he
truths of the great teacher Hahnemann, he at subsequently completed his literary studies at
his own expense opened a free city dispen- the Wayland University in  Beaver Dam,
sary. In this laudable undertaking he was Wis., and in the High School at Mankato,
assisted by Henry G. Preston, M. D.; also  Minn. In February, I864, he enlisted in the
by M. H. Peters, M. D., a convert to the  2Ist Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteers, but
homceopathic system  after twenty years' was so unfortunate, soon after going into
practice of the old school,                camp, as to contract the measles.  It was a
The Pharmacy not being financially suc- very severe attack; so much so that his life,
cessful, it was closed in 1872; but while not at one time, was despaired of. After a slow
remunerative, it did good service in dissem- recovery, he was detailed for duty at the Post
inating the knowledge of homeopathy, in  Hospital, Madison, Wis., where he remained
establishing confidence, and extending the  until his discharge in the following month of
field of operation.                        November. His health being still impaired,
Although much absorbed by the duties of he went to Minnesota in the spring of I865,
his profession, and devoted to study and in- trusting that the change of air might be benevestigation of all new theories, he has con- ficial in restoring him to his former strength
tributed many valuable articles on medical and vigor. At that time he was entirely
topics to the leading journals and different ignorant of the virtues of homceopathy.
publications.  He is an ardent and zealous Treatment, according to the allopathic pracdisciple of Hahnemann, and earnest in his tice had failed to effect a cure in his case;



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                44I
and in despair he resolved to try the " water gational Church in Lowell, Mass., in I833.
cure" of Preissnitz.  He read every work  He had an attack of severe illness in I836,
that he could procure on this subject, and  culminating in throat disease and nervous
applied the treatment there recommended to  prostration.  Having given the old school
his own case.  Receiving a decided benefit remedies a faithful trial, without much appafrom the packing, etc., he advised other suf- rent benefit, he was persuaded to try the
ferers to  try  the remedy, and meeting  homoeopathic treatment.   The  immediate
with success, became for awhile the "wa- beneficial results constrained him to a careful
ter cure doctor" of the place.  But this  and thorough study of the new science, anti
mode of practice did not entirely satisfy him, to enter on its practice.  HIe first opened a.1
and resolving to make medicine his profes-  office for homceopathic practice in Cambridge,
sion, and having his attention now called to  Mass., in I840.  After a busy and successful
homceopathy, he entered the office of Dr. A. practice of two years, his health having beL. Dombery, of Mankato, Minn., to study the  come confirmed, he accepted a call to Sandpractice according  to  Hahnemann.   Dr. wich, Mass., in 1842, where he continued
Dombery is a-very learned and skilful physi-  fourteen years in the discharge of the duties
cian, and having a large number of patients, of the ministry, superadded to those of an
he was enabled to impart much information  extensive  homceopathic  practice.   From
to his pupil.  He remained with his precep- Sandwich he removed to Boston in I856,
tor nearly three years, excepting daring the  continuing in the practice of homceopathy
winter season, when he was engaged  in  without pastoral charge, though not abandonteaching school. While studying hydropathy  ing the functions of the ministry.
he was elected Town Clerk of Rapidan by the    In I871, constrained by solicitations of
Republican party, for the term of one year.  family friends, he removed to  Rockville,
He next repaired to Chicago, and matricu-  Conn., leaving an excellent practice in the
lated at Hahnemann  College in the autumn  city with his son, G. M. Pease, M. D.  liHe
of I87I. At the close of the lectures he re- has always been singularly successful in the
ceived the appointment of Assistant Physi- treatment of all pulmonary diseases and the
cian to Scammon (now Hahnemann) Hospital diseases of children.  With measles, whoopfor one year.  During this time he attended  ing-cough, croup, diphtheria, pleurisy, lung,
the lectures in the spring session of I872, and  bilious, rheumatic and puerperal fevers, diaralso the entire winter course of I872-'73, rhcea, cholera and cholera-morbus he has
graduating with the class of I873.  Shortly  never lost a patient.  Of patients in infancy
after this event he was elected  Resident and childhood he has lost four only.  Being
Physician of Hahnemann Hospital, Nos. 287  among the pioneers of homoeopathy iniNew
and 289 Cottage Grove avenue, Chicago, England, he was often subjected to very cool
Ills., which position he now holds.         treatment from  sundry brethren of the alloDr. Paine is unmarried.                   pathic school, though treated courteously by
not a few.
In October, I834, while in Lowell, Mass.,
he was assailed by the first Nezw  Eznglan' d
EASE, GILES, M. D., of Rock- pro-slave-y nzob, in connection with the dis-,     yuille, was born in Somlers, Conn.,  tinguished philanthropist, the honorable and
I December 2d, IS05.  IHe was  reverend  George  Thompson  of England,
educated primarily for the Gos- whom  he was first, in this country, to welpel ministry; entered on its public duties in  come to the hospitalities of his home and to
February, I828, and was engaged in evan- his pulpit, to lecture on American slavery.
gelistic labors incessantly for five years.  He    Dr. Pease has been a minister of the Gosaccepted a call to the pastorate of a Congre- pel for more than forty-five years, and a



442                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOP/EDIA OF
practitioner of the Hahnemann school for ing to pass this important result, one of
more than thirty-two years.  During  his  whose consequences is the election of Dr.
long career of active service in both the  Woodbury  to the chair of Diseases of
clerical and medical professions, he has de- Women, and to the office of Registrar of the
livered numerous lectures on slavery and  College.
temperance; has written much for the news-    He is a contributor to the literature of
paper and periodical press; published  a homceopathy, appearing from time to time in
" Congregational Church Manual;" a treatise  the columns of the _New ELglzand Medical
on the " Egyptian and American Systems of  Gazette, of which he is one of the obstetrical
Servitude, as compared with the Mosaic Sys- editors; and in the Bureau of Obstetrics of
temrn of Service and Labor," and brief histo- the American Institute, and the reports of
ries of a score and a half of churches.  He  the Obstetrical Committee of the Massachu
enjoys excellent health; uses no tobacco, tea  setts Homceopathic Society.  His communior coffee; can read the finest print without cations generally relate to  obstetrics and
glasses, and continues both to preach and to  gynecology.  He is eminent anmong practiheal.                                      tioners also, possessing an exceedingly large
obstetrical and gynecological practice, which
he has held for a number of years.
OODBURY, JOHN  HENRY, M.   He is honored in civil life, having been
D., of Boston, Mass., ranks very  for thirteen years a member of the Boston
high on the list of homceopathic  School Board, where his labors and influence
physicians in the country.  In  are very highly appreciated.  Being a hard
the whole of New England, and especially in  worker, he does not fail to find plenty of work
the vicinity of Boston, there is no one more  to do, as is always the case with the willing;
fully identified with the struggles and triumphs nor does he disappoint the demands of either
of homceopathy than its honored owner; and  the public, his medical confreres, or his vast
no one, perhaps, has been nrore constantly in  body of patrons, as has been already indiplaces of official trust in a medical society  cated.  He has been identified more directly
than he. He has filled almost or quite every  with education, having been for three years
position in the Massachusetts Homceopathic  Teacher of Physiology in Washington AcaMedical Society, from a simple membership  demy.
to the Presidency. The latter he now holds,   He is a member of the Woodbury family
having been elected at the last meeting as of New  Hampshire on the paternal side;
successor to Dr. William  B. Chamberlain. and, on the maternal, is a direct descendant
He is one of the original members of this from the Whites, who came over in the Maysociety, and has been a member of the Amer- flower. Of this historic and honored line our
ican Institute of Homceopathy since the year subject was born, in Weare, N. IIH. (so named
1859. He is associated with the origin and  in honor of the first Governor of the cominterests of the more recently organized insti- monwealth), August 8th, I832.  He fitted
tutions of homceopathy in Boston; for he was for college at Washington and Hopkinton
one of the founders of the Homceopathic  Academy, and, for an advanced starting,
Hospital which has enjoyed a very successful under a private tutor at Nashua. A year's
career, and was its first Attending Physician. illness prevented him from entering college.
I-He was a member of the Committee to  During this time he commenced the study of
Organize the Medical Department of the  medicine in his native place, with Dr. James
Boston University, which  has just been  Peterson.  His studies were continued at the
Ibrought to a successful issue, and no friend  Tremont Medical School, Harvard Medical
of this enterprise has been more zealously  College, and Cleveland Homceopathic Medienlisted, or more eminently useful in bring- cal College at Cleveland, O., where he grad



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             443
uated in I855.  He immediately commenced  He is one of a strong and honorable band
practice in East Boston, associated with Dr. who are joined together to plant homceopathy
HI. Grove. Failing health soon led to a re- and its institutions upon a firm and enduring
moval to Lawrence, Mass. Remaining there  basis in the great heart of New England.
but six months, he returned to East Boston to  His name, with those of his co-laborers, will
take charge of the practice of his former pro- stand in future homceopathic history, as it
fessional associate, Dr. Grove, who had  stands upon the roll of the present, in bold
sustained a severe injury to his right hand. and unsullied relief.
The following year he became the successor
of Dr. Grove, who removed to Salem, Mass.
In this situation in East Boston he remained
until I865, and in the meantime won his high        ACKSON, MERCY B., M. D., of
position as obstetrician, acquiring a practice        Boston, is a member of the Rug-:
numbering more than three hundred cases a             gles family, of Hardwick, Mass.,
year, which was unquestionably a marked               where she was born on the I7th
and unusual success.                       day of September, in the year I802.  She is
In  the year last mentioned  he visited  the daughter of Constant and Sarah Ruggles,
Europe, where he spent twelve months in  and the grand-niece of Brigadier-General
study and travel; the latter chiefly in the  Ruggles, who won his rank in the war for
hospitals of Vienna, Paris and  London. American liberty.  Descendants of the same
With this recreation and re-enforceiment he  stock still live in Hardwick, and in high
returned home, and took up his residence in  honor in State and National politics.
the central part of Boston, where he still   She was married, in 1823, to Rev. John
continues in an active and extensive practice, Bisbe, pastor of the First Universalist Society
maintaining the high professional rank he  in Hartford, Conn., and afterwards of the
had so worthily attained to before. On no  First Universalist Society in Portland, Me.,
one among his compeers does the profession  where he died in 1829.  He was a gentleman
or the public more confidently rely for all of superior excellencies and advanced views,
that is within the range of professional skill living ahead of his times'in regard to quesand personal excellence.  Few physicians, tions that are still before the public mind,
if any, are more beloved and appreciated by  and dying honored, beloved and mourned.
their patients or more kind to the poor. Cer- No doubt his influence imparted additional
tainly none can be more ready to encourage  tone and texture to the sterling nature of his
and aid worthy candidates for admission into  young wife.  Certainly the marriage between
the medical ranks.  In addition to this gen- them  was a happy one, and its fruits were
erous spirit, which he possesses in common  three children.
with so many of the foremost in the profes-   After the death of her husband she resorted
sion, he is an earnest advocate of the partici- to teaching, and opened a school for young
pation of women in medical practice, and the  ladies, which she conducted successfully for
best of friends to those who have already  three years.  Her health failing under this
entered the field, who delight to testify to his arduous calling, she relinquished it at the
praise. It is his pleasure to be associated  end of that time, and ventured upon the
with a female physician, Dr. Mary Safford  enterprise of a dry goods store.  This she
Blake, in the Professor's chair to which he  continued for three years, and then married
has recently been elected.                 with Daniel Jackson, of Plymouth, Mass.,
He is a gentleman of noble presence and  where a number of happy and useful years
highly refined bearing, being at once digni- were employed alike in the bosom of her own
fled and affable. He is the centre of a happy  family and in more public efforts to do good.
home and a circle of warm and fast friends. The result of the second marriage was eight



444                     BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
children.  Thus Dr. Jackson has been the  and to increase them  by a college course of
mother of eleven  children, having  twice  instruction, in which she graduated at the
borne -twins, they being in one case both  New England Female College, in I850, at the
boys, and in the other both girls.  She pos- age of fifty-eight years.  She settled in Bossessed rare qualifications for the duty of  ton on the 3d of May in the same year.
rearing children, and, indeed, for any active    Here, in thirteen years, she has built up a
or difficult line of responsibilities; for she  large and  lucrative  professional business,
is distinguished by great energy of character standing among the first physicians in the
and equal originality and independence.      city.  She declined an urgent request to fill
The experiences of maternity, especially  a chair in the New York Medical College for
the care of so large a family of children,  Women, other engagements preventing its
naturally acquainted her intimately with the  acceptance.  Recently, on the organization
sickness of children and with the treatment of the Boston University, she was elected
of diseases then prevailing.  In all this ac-  Professor of Diseases of Children, associated
quaintance she was constantly shocked at the  with Dr. Nathan R. Morse.
violence of remedial action, and the repul-    Dr. Jackson is of forcible character, very
siveness of almost all medicines to the human  fine address, and pleasant personal bearing,
taste and constitution; so that she conceived  wearing her years well.  Her influence and
a fixed belief that a beneficent Creator, whose  value in the profession will be in some measworks were otherwise so perfect, had made  ure preserved to the future in her valuable
some better way to combat the ills of the  contributions to the medical periodicals of
flesh; and she often expressed this belief to  the country, for nearly or quite all of which
her family physician, Dr. Capen of Plymouth, she writes.  It is to her that the profession
who was of course of the allopathic school. owe the demonstration of the power of prol
As one seeking a system beyond the range of  satilla in bringing cases of false presentation
her knowledge, yet believed in by a sort of  to a natural issue.
intuition, she devoted much time to reading
medicine and  pathology, besides studying
clinics after a practical fashion. Dr. Capen
sympathized with her desire for knowledge, I --    OUSSEAU,  LOUIS   MAJORIand largely with her idea of a better way               QUE, M. D., of Pittsburgh, Pa.,
than he knew of, permitting her the advan-      -       was born in the city of Quebec,
tages of his library and of his advice.  Meet-         lower Canada, February 3d, I820.
ing with a friend who was then using a  He is the son of Louis Rousseau of the same
package of powders medicated  after the  place.  He received his early education in
homeopathic manner, she was introduced to  various academies, preparatory to his entering
homeopathy, and at once hastened to Dr. the College at Nicolet, in the District of
Capen to tell him  she had found the object Three Rivers, whence he graduated in 1837.
of her search.  He was so far interested in  In the year 1840, he removed to the city of
the matter that he drove to Boston-there  Bowdoin, Me., and having chosen the medibeing no homceopathist nearer, and no rail- cal profession for his future career, comroad communication (184I)-and there pro- menced his studies in I84I, matriculating at
cured her both books and medicine, in the  the Medical College in Bowdoin, and enteruse of which he liberally participated.     ing the office of Dr. William  E. Payne, of
Thus she began the practice of homceo-  Bath, Me., whom  he had selected as his
pathy, in a limited circle, in the year I841. preceptor.  At this time  Dr. Payne was
The circle of her practice widened with  changing his medical faith, and this led Mr.
years; hence she was led to add the influence  Rousseau to look with some favor upon the
of a diploma to her manifest qualifications, system  of Hahnemann, without, however,



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             445
adopting those theories at that time.  In  terest his mind, and he passed a year and a
I845, Dr. Rousseau formally graduated at half with profit to himself in the commercial
his Alma Mater, and returned to Canada, metropolis. At this time he married Miss
where, in the town of Cacouna, he practised  M. R. Sherwood, daughter of Dr. H. R.
his profession for six years. Thence he mi- Sherwood.  She died in the year I855, leavgrated to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he  ing one child.
remained until I865, still devoted to the    It was in New York that Dr. Cote received
doctrines of the old school. In the last- his first impressions of homceopathy. Through
named year he removed to Pittsburgh, Pa., the influence of Dr. J. C. Hemple, he, among
where he commenced the study and practice  others, became convinced of its superiority
of homceopathy under Dr. Cote, with whom  over the old practice, and in I847, he adopted
he has ever since been associated in co-part- it. During this same year he removed to
nership.                                   Pittsburgh, commenced its practice, and has
He was married, in I847, to Miss Clarice  had no cause to repent his having changed
Talbot, of Canada; seven  children have his medical faith.  With each  successive
blessed this union.                        year his patronage has been increased, and
for the past twenty years he has held the
front rank in the profession.
In I854, an impetus was given to the proOTE, MARCELLIN, M. D., of gress of homceopathy in western PennsylPittsburgh, Pa., was born in the  vania, as the cures effected by this school
town of Cacouna, lower Canada, were so infinitely superior to those obtained
in the year I815, and is the son  by allopathists.  The wealthiest and highest
of Theophile Cote, farmer, in that province. toned families of Pittsburgh and vicinity not
After due preparation at school, he entered  only looked favorably upon it, but resolved
the College of Nicolet, in the District of  henceforth to patronize no other than the
Three Rivers, Canada, and after the usual disciples of Hahnemann.  There is no localcourse of studies there prescribed, graduated  ity in the United States where homocopathy
from that institution in the year 1836.    commands more respect and influence than
Desirous of adopting the profession of  in the "smoky city."  Dr. Cote has promedicine, although hampered for the want of  bably done more than any other person to
means to attain this end, he taught school for elevate this school in the section where he
a period of two years, and in his leisure  resides.  When he first removed to Pittshours began to study the healing art.  Iis burgh, he was but the fourth physician holdnext step was to obtain a regular medical ing these peculiar views.
education, and to effect this purpose he re-   In the year i866, Dr. Cote founded the
moved to the United States and  entered  1Homeopathic Hospital of Pittsburgh.  He
Bowdoin College, in Maine, still supporting  served as Chairman of the Executive Comhimself by giving lessons in the French lan- mittee, purchased the property, and the preguage.  This institution  taught him  the  liminaries having been arranged, he enlisted
theory and practice of medicine according to  the efforts and co-operation of Drs. Burgher
the views of the allopathic school, and, in  and Hoffman, so that the institution was perI844, he graduated, receiving his degree manently established, and  commenced  its
of M. D.                                   mission of mercy to the afflicted and sufferWishing to be fully acquainted with the  ing. It has already obtained a widespread
various dis'eases of the human family, practi- celebrity, and is a powerful aid in the amelically, he hastened to New York city, where, oration and cure of the diseases of mankind.
in the several hospitals and dispensaries, he  It stands to-day confessedly the best hospital
found much to occupy his attention and in- in Pittsburgh, and will remain as a monument



446                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
to the zeal and earnest efforts of Dr. Cots to  years' earnings behind him. Having settled
forward the cause of homceopathy.         in Warsaw, N. Y., he became acquainted
He is a prominent member of the Alle- with C. A. Drake, M. D., a homceopathic
gheny County Society of Homceopaths; he physician, with whom he resumed his study
served, in I87I, as President of the State  and reading of medicine, which was inter-.
Society, and is a member of the American  rupted, in I862, by his enlisting in the 24th
Institute of Homceopathy.  He has enriched  New York Battery, then stationed at Newthe repertoire of his school of medicine by  berne, N. C. He remained in the service
translating the work of " Crozario on Mid- during three years as Acting Hospital Stewwifery," and the treatise of " Rapon on Ty- ard, Acting Assistant Surgeon, and Acting
phoid Fever;" both of these are valuable con- Surgeon in charge of hospital. May, 1865,
tributions to its literature.             being mustered out of service, he returned to
He was married for the second time, in  Buffalo, and graduated as a medical student
I857, to Miss Mary Miltonberger, of Pitts- in February, I867.
burgh, by whom he has two sons.              Although up to this period a practitioner
of allopathy, his convictions respecting the
truths of the Hahnemann school were so
forcible that he adopted the new system, in
URLBURT, EDWIN   TAFT  which experience has only confirmed his
a MONROE, M. D., of Lincoln, faith. Now established at Lincoln, he enjoys
Neb., was born  in Rushford, a large and extended professional influence
Allegheny county, N. Y., June  and patronage.
20th, I828. IHis father was an extensive    He was married in 1846, while residing in
woollen and cloth manufacturer, and large Warsaw, N. Y.
dealer in hardware.  His educational advantages in youth were but meagre, being
confined to instruction in the district school.
From boyhood he displayed marked aptness           LLEY, JAMES F., M. D., of St.
for the attainment of knowledge.  In 1842,           Paul, Minn., was  born  near
he removed to Buffalo, N. Y., and there,             Poughkeepsie, Dutchess county,
constantly thrown in the society of Germans,         N. Y., March 20oth, I83I.  On
he soon acquired both knowledge of and  the completion of his academical education
fondness for the language. As soon as his he commenced the study of medicine, and,
limited means would permit, he studied it attending summer and winter courses of
under a teacher, and followed up its acquisi- lectures at the University Medical College in
tion by that of Latin, French, the natural New York, he graduated with distinction,
sciences and music.                       receiving a certificate of honor. He comIn I849, he located at Detroit, Mich., and  menced allopathic practice in 1854, in New
while there studied music under Professor York city. He was converted to homceoCharles Hess, in the Detroit Musical Aca- pathy in I856, and, receiving his diploma
demy. In the autumn of I854, he removed  from the New York County Society, comto Chicago, Ills., where his uncle and cousin  menced practice immediately.  IHe labored
-both practitioners of medicine-resided, in New  York city until I86I, when, his
and under their instruction he first com- health failing from an affection of the lungs,
menced the study of medicine, but with no  he sailed for Europe, where he remained two
view to practice.                         years. On his return, in I863, he practised
In I858, he settled in the South.  In  two years longer in New York. His health
April, I86I, circumstances obliged him to  continuing to fail, he removed to Minnesota,
return North, and forced him to leave three  and locating at St. Paul, commenced practice.



448                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPiEDIA  OF
sector of Surgery to Dr. James Beakley. In  connection with H. C. G. Luyties, Esq., the
1855, he was elected Professor of Anatomy  pharmaceutist, The  Westernz Honzropjath/ic
in the Homtceopathic Medical College of  Observer, which he conducted during seven
Pennsylvania, and, in the same year, he pub- years, till he left St. Louis.  Hie has alsolished a work  entitled  "' Surgery and its given to the public a valuable monograph
Adaptation to Homceopathic Practice," con- on " Cleft Palate;" also two other brochures
sisting of 650 pages.  During this time he  entitled " Interesting Surgical Cases" to the
was also a contributor to many literary peri- New  York  Society, and  "Ten Cases in
odicals.                                   Surgery," besides many other monographs
In I858, he removed to St. Louis, and, and miscellaneous literary productions, both
shortly after, became one of those who origi- in poetry and prose. In I87o, he removed
nated the Homceopathic Medical College of  to New York, entered upon the professional
Missouri, in which institution he was offered  duties of the college, and became associate
and accepted the chair of Anatomy.  He was editor of the Ngew Englaznd Medical Gazette.
subsequelitly elected one of the Surgeons of  In I873, he joined Dr. T. F. Allen in the
the Good  Samaritan Hospital, a position  editorship of the Nezew York yozsrnal of Honzwhich he held till he removed to New York  aoaatlAy, the organ of the New York Houmcity. In I86i, he published a monograph on  ceopathic Medical College, conducted under
"Diphtheria," which soon passed to a second  the supervision of its faculty. During the
edition. In I866, he delivered the annual greater part of this time he was busily enaddress before the American Institute, and in  gaged in the publication of his last and greatI867, was elected President of the American  est work, containing  about one thousand
Institute of Homoeopathy, then holding its pages, and illustrated with over four hundred
sessions in New York city.  In I868, with a wood-cuts, entitled "A System of Surgery."
view to pzrfecting himself in surgical science, His articles have been for the most part surhe made a tour on the continent of Europe. gical; and in all the homoeopathic journals
In I869, he organized the St. Louis College  are to be found his contributions to medical
of Homceopathic Physicians and Surgeons, science.  It is believed that the first amputabeing its Dean and Professor of Surgery  tion recorded in the American homoeopathic
until he left the West. In I870, he received  periodicals was reported by him. He has
a pressing call from his professional friends lectured every season, and has worked harder
to take the chair of Surgery in the New York  than any other man in the cause of surgery
Homceopathic Medical College, being also  in connection with homoceopathy.
appointed Surgeon to the Hahnemann Hos-    He had no capital to start with in life, but
pital and to the New York Surgical Hospital. commenced unaided, after graduation, withSo soon as his friends in St. Louis were ap- out a dollar.  He has experienced the full
prised of his intention to accept these appoint- meaning of hard work and hard knocks,
ments, they gave a magnificent banquet in  having worked his Aray up from the bottom
his honor, presenting him on that occasion  to the top of the ladder, by the sheer force
with a complete service of silver.         of indomitable energy, dash, brilliant talents,
Dr. Helmuth is a member of the homceo- and extraordinary skill in his chosen branch
pathic societies of Massachusetts, New York, of science.
Rhode Island and Connecticut, the American    In I869, he was married to Miss Pritchard,
Institute, etc., etc., devoting faithfully to each  of St. Louis, by whom he has two children.
of them  all the time he can spare. Amidst   Whatever may be the position to which Dr.
his professional duties he has managed to  Helmuth may attain, he can always carry
contribute many and valuable additions to  with him the satisfaction of feeling that he is
homceopathic and other literature, both in  indebted for it to none but himself.  Without
prose and verse. In I864, he started, in  interest or influential friends to back him,



IIOMCOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             449
having no favoritism  extended to him, he  ing it in a way that its adherents must admit
boldly grasped the difficulties of his position, to be fair and conclusive. The result of his
determined to succeed, and has done so by  experiments, made with scrupulous care and
an uncommon display of "pluck" in com- the greatest precaution against deception, was
bination with rare ability. Although com- his own unwilling conviction of the truth anld
paratively young, he has probably done more  importance of homceopathy..
for surgery and its literature in the homoeo-    For trying homceopathy in his private
pathic school than any other man in the  practice he was turned out of the Dispensary
country.                                   by the authorities of that institution, in 1840.
In I847,. he was appointed Physician to the
Protestant Half Orphan Asylum, which had
OWERS, BENJAMIN  FRANK- been under homceopathic treatment for five
LIN, M. D., of New York city, years previously;. the position he still holds.
was born in  Billerica, Mass., The rate of mortality has been less than one
September 3oth, I796. His pa- to three as compared with the average morrents were Benjamin and Silence Stickney  tality of all the allopathic asylums.
Bowers, the former of whom is descended    Since 1839, he has been an active practifrom an old Massachusetts family which set- tioner and propagandist of homceopathy, and
tied in Cambridge, in that State, in I630o. with good results.  In I836, he was married
His maternal grandfather, Major Jonathan  to Miss Lydia Platt Titus, of Troy, N. Y.,
Stickney, raised a company of men, of which  "widely known and warmly loved," with
his father was one, and joined the Continen- whom he lived happily until her death, which
tal Army at Cambridge.  Ilis father, with an  occurred in 1873. They had. no children.
elder brother, also served in the army at   He is a life member of the New York
Crown Point and Ticonderoga.               Historical Society, a member of the County
His primary education was received at the  and State Homceopathic Medical Society,
public schools and academies in Massachu- ex-President of the County Society, and one
setts and from private tuition.  He was fitted  of the founders of the American Institute.
for college by the Rev. Nathaniel Whitman, He published, about I83O, a description of a
and entered Brown University, Providence, spotted or pie-bald negro.  His contributions
R. I.  He was obliged to leave college on  to homoeopathic literature have been nunmeraccount of ill health, and studied medicine  ous and valuable.  In " Reasons why Homwith his brother, Dr. Josiah Bowers, at Hun- ceopathy should Receive an Impartial Extington, L. I., taking his degree from  the  amination from the Medical Profession and
Medical Department of Yale College in  the Public"- " Homceopathic  Examiner,"
I8I9. He succeeded to his brother's prac- vol. I, New York, I846-he puts forward the
tice in Huntington, where he remained till proposition that the effect of medical agents
I837, when he removed to New York city, is owing to their great divisibility, in the folassociating himself in practice with Dr. B. lowing form: "When a substance has beF. Joslin, both partners following the allo- come so diluted and attenuated as to be no
pathic method of treatment.  He was ap- longer discoverable by the most powerful
pointed Assistant Physician to the New York  microscope or the most delicate chemical
Centre Street Dispensary, in I839. At this test, it may still produce dangerous effects
time he was surprised to learn that gentlemen  upon the animal organism, and even destroy
of the highest standing for learning and  life. Witness malaria and contagions, which
sound judgment were consulting homceo- probably owe their power of producing dispathic doctors, and he determined to expose  ease in part to their subtlety and divisibility;
the homceopathic  humbug  effectually by  whereas could they be brought into sensible
making himself acquainted with. it, and test- masses, and retained by as strong cohesive
29



450                   BIOGRAPIIICAL  CYCLOP./EDIA  OF
attraction as that which holds a mass of silex, who does not rise above mere pecuniary conthey might become as inert."               siderations."
HIe has also published a letter to  Dr.:,:
Stearns, President of the New York Medical
Academy, with many other articles, mostly    l     UBS, SAMUEL RICHARD, M.
of a polemical nature; an answer to Dr.               D., of Doylestown Pa., was born
Lee's attack on homceopathy; an admirable             in  Philadelphia, on November
address delivered before the County Society,          8th, I8I1. His father, Martin
in nzemzorianm  of the late Dr. B. F. Joslin; Dubs, was a prominent merchant of Philaan address in I866, before the New York  delphia.  He is of Welsh extraction on his
County Society: " Opposition to Homceo- mother's side, and of Swiss on his father's,
pathy in New York;" also, reports of the  the name being originally Doubs.  His eduasylum to which he is physician, full of valu- cation was obtained at the  Pennsylvania
able statistics establishing the superiority of  University Grammar School, and at the High
the new system.  Much praise was accorded  School. At sixteen he was placed in a drug
to him for this effort, as well as a vote of  store, where he remained for a year without
thanks from  the institution.  He has also  compensation, although his mastery of the
given to the public a valuable paper on the  ponderous  "Materia  Medica"  and  the
"Relations of Homceopathy to Surgery,"  " United  States Pharmacopceia"  in  six
containing some very interesting cases; one, months led to his being given charge of the
a case of fracture of the femur in a young  establishment in the owner's absence.  In
man, treated about three months in the  I829, he entered the office of Charles D.
Broadway Hospital unsuccessfully, in spite  Meigs, M. D., late Professor of Obstetrics in
of predictions of an eminent Professor (Dr. the Jefferson College, under whom he studied
Parker, of the New York College), to the  and attended a partial course of lectures in
contrary, was cured perfectly, the patient the Medical Department of the Pennsylvania
being able to serve in the army during the  University. Thrown on his own resources
war. During the time that New York was through the reverses of his father, he bought
scourged by the cholera, he drew up reports  a drug store on credit, and conducted it so
and an expose of the tricks by which the old  successfully that in a few years he was able
school journals sought to mislead the public  to resume his studies in the University, and
mind with regard to the homceopathic mode  graduate in I836.
of treating this disease, gaining much per-    For three years he practised allopathy; was
sonal credit for the same, as well as a victory  then prostrated for many months by hcemafor the cause.                             temesis, with hcemoptysis. When recovered
On the creation of a Board of Health for sufficiently to walk about, he still had a dry
the Metropolitan District, in I866, the hom- hacking cough and gastromialacia to such a
ceopathists claimed the appointment of one  degree that the simplest food would not
Commissioner, as due to their intelligence, digest. Obtaining no relief from allopathy,
wealth and influence, and the Homceopathic  and having studied Hahnemann's " Organon"
Society nominated Dr. Bowers for the posi- and " Materia Medica," lent him by the late
tion.                                      Dr. Lentz, he tried nux vomica homoeopathiHe is still in active practice, and though  cally, followed it up with a few  doses of
now  nearly seventy-seven, looks less than  sulphur, and was cured.  Then he adopted
sixty. Modest and retiring, full of instructive  the system, and in nineteen years' persistent
conversation, a pattern of gentleness and  practice did much to place homceopathy in its
kindness of heart, he is universally and de- present high position in Philadelphia. Then
servedly beloved.  He says "no one can  an attack of hcemoptysis compelled him, in
worthily practise the divine art of medicine  the summer of I858, to withdraw to his farm



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           451
near Doylestown.  After recuperating for He for over thirty years followed the old
two years he was led by the challenge of an school system both in Germany and in this
allopath to begin practice in that locality. country, but was finally persuaded of the
In seven years he had converted nearly every  great truths of homceopathy, and induced to
family in the neighborhood, and enabled Dr. adopt them.  From that time he was a zealClayton, and afterward Dr. George Wright, ous disciple of the new school of medicine,
to walk in a well-beaten path.             and until his death practised homceopathy
Dr. Dubs was the first homceopath to use  with marked success.
and advocate-in 1839 and I84o-the pre-    Having passed through a course of study
paration of medicines on the decimal scale, which finished his literary and classical eduand of carrying the potencies or attenuations  cation, he determined to embrace the profesup by that scale, instead of the centennial, as sion of medicine, and at the age of twenty
recommended by Hahnemann.                  commenced a careful course of reading under
He was one of the founders of the Ameri- the instruction of his father, which lasted five
can Institute of Homoeopathy, and one of the  years.
originators of the  Philadelphia Provers'   In I844, he removed to Liverpool, York
Union.  He was one of the provers of oxalic  county, Pa., and followed a successful pracacid, cucumis colocynthis, lobelia cardinalis, tice of some years' standing.  In I85I, he
and cannabis indica, and the first to prove  attended a full course of lectures at the Medcimifuga racemosa; pointing out its virtues in  ical College of Pennsylvania, and then rea paper read before the Provers' Union, in  moved  to  Rietzville, York  county, Pa.;
rheumatism  of the joints, diseases of the  thence, in 1852, to Evansville, Ind., where
brain and spinal marrow, and more especially  he has since remained. He was the first
rheumatic affections of the heart.         homceopathic practitioner of Liverpool, RietzOf the first homceopathic college in the  ville and Evansville.  His success at EvansUnited States, located at Philadelphia, he  ville was of gradual but sure growth. He
was a corporator, and declined a professor- was subjected to strong opposition, which
ship.                                      required time to overcome; but faithful attenHe married, in I836, Adelaide Ross, a tion to his duties and in his treatment of
daughter of the late Judge Ross; she died in  disease enabled him  eventually to  obtain
185I.  Hle subsequently married Mary E. wide recognition  of homceopathy and to
Wolfe, daughter of the late William  B. build up a good practice.
Wolfe, a retired Philadelphia merchant.  He    He has held the position of Physician and
now resides on his farm, Walnut Place, near Surgeon for the County Marine Hospital, and
Doylestown, in retirement, only engaging in  is now Physician and Surgeon of the Orphan
consultations.                             Asylum of Evansville, Ind.
HRMAN, EARNEST J., M. D.,                  UTNAM, THOMAS, M. D., of
of Evansville, Ind., was born in           Farmington, Ills., was born in
Wurtemburg, Germany, October               Utica, N. Y., December 8th,
29th, I819.  He received in his            I834.  He is descended  from
youth such advantages as were afforded by  some of the first settlers of New York.  Sevthe common schools of Germany.  In I823, eral of his ancestors served in the revoluat the age of fourteen, he came to the United  tionary war and in the war of I812, with
States with his parents, who located in York, great credit.  He was educated in Utica, N.
York county, Pa.  His father, by profession  Y., and was afterward entered as student in
a physician, soon established a good practice. the office of Dr. J. C. Raymond, of that city.



452                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
He then attended lectures in Albany, N. Y., winter engaged in public school teaching.
and in Philadelphia, Pa., graduating at the  Then for awhile he devoted himself to farmHomceopathic Medical College of Pennsyl- ing, clerking, and stock dealing, returning to
vania in I857.  Immediately after graduating  teaching in the winter of I86I-'62.  In
he commenced  the practice of medicine, August, I862, desirous of doing something
which he has continued to the present time. for his distracted country, he enlisted in the
In I86I, he emigrated to Illinois, and shortly  84th  Regiment Illinois  Volunteers, and
after his arrival there he entered the army as served three years. During this period he
private.  His thorough medical education  was detached as clerk in the Quartermaster's,
would not permit him to remain in the ranks. the Adjutant-General's, or the Mustering
Hiis merits were recognized by those in com-  Office, though he was voluntarily present in
mand, and he was promoted to the position  the ranks at the battles of Lookout Mounof Assistant Surgeon. With this rank he  tain, Missionary Ridge, and Ringgold, Ga.,
served for seventeen months, then passed his and participated in the Atlanta campaign.
examination, at St. Louis, before the Army  He was honorably discharged on June 8th,
Board, and was promoted to the rank of  I865, at Nashville.
Surgeon.  He served until the close of the    For many years his mother had used homwar, and since that time has devoted himself  ceopathic remedies in her own family, and
to private practice, in which he is very suc- upon his entering the army he was presented
cessful.                                   by Dr. Blaisdel, of Macomb, with a pocket
case of the same medicines.  With them he
cured himself of typhoid fever, far in advance
of comrades treated by the regular surgeons;
ILLER, J. HARTSHORNE, M. and subsequently he occasionally prescribed
D., of Abingdon, Ills., was born  for friends.  On leaving the army he comin Alexandria, Va., on September menced the study of medicine with Dr. I. WY.
9th, I839.  He is the son of  Johnson, of Peoria, Ills.  In the winter of
Joseph It. and Phoebe Ann (wne Janney)  I2166-'67, he attended lectures at the UniMiller.  On his mother's side he comes of  versity of Michigan, and graduated in March,
Irish descent; on his father's, of English and  Ig68, at the Homoeopathic Medical College
Welsh.  His great uncle was Dr. Joseph  of Missouri.
Hartshorne, of Philadelphia.  When he was    At the beginning of the April following his
seven years old his father removed to Illinois, graduation he commenced practice in Du
and settled upon a farm  in Fulton county. Quoin, Perry county, Ills., and remained
During the next six years he was engaged in  there two years, during which time he confarm  work, obtaining  in leisure time the  verted many staunch friends to homceopathy.
foundation of a sound English education  In June, I870, he removed to Abingdon,
from his mother and cousin, and his own  Ills., which offered a more pleasant field, and
earnest reading.  In the spring of I853, he  there he has continued advancing steadily in
was sent to a boarding school in Maryland, public estimation and support.
and afterwards to Westtown Boarding School,   In November, I870, on the organization
near Philadelphia, passing two years in these  of the Illinois Military Tract HIomceopathic
establishments.  His studies were then inter-  Medical Association, he was elected Recordrupted for two years by farm  work, after ing Secretary, an office he still holds. At its
which he returned to the last-named school, meetings he has read several valuable eswhere mathematics engaged much of his says.
attention. During the summer of I857, he    He is a member of the Presbyterian
assisted in the first survey of the Peoria and  Church, and in all respects a consistent
Hannibal Railroad, and  in  the ensuing  Christian.



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                        45 3
HROOP, AUGUSTUS P., M. D., domicile-the City Hotel-erected on the
of New York city, was born in site where the populous and prosperous city
Ontario county, N. Y., August of Sacramento now stands.  He endured
21St, I832.  Ile is the son of many hardships, toiling night and day, and
Azel Throop, of the same place, one of the struggling against many reverses, but always
earlier settlers in that locality. He attended  with a stout heart. He passed through many
the common schools and academies till I858, bloody Indian engagements.  After a residuring most of the time supporting himself  dence of six years in the land of gold he
by teaching school. He then commenced  returned to his native State, where he enthe study of medicine, having, however, pre- gaged in the study of medicine with Robert
viously read considerable and made himself H. McFarland, M. D., then of McDonough
well grounded in medical knowledge. He  county, now of Evansville, Ind. He began
first entered the College of Physicians and practice at Bushnell, in McDonough county,
Surgeons, and afterwards attended the New  in I864, and removed to Griggsville in I867.
York Homceopathic College, whence he  He is a graduate of the St. Louis Homceograduated in I862. He at once began to pathic College.
practise, and was appointed Physician to the    The people of Griggsville, being unacCollege Dispensary. In I863, he joined the quainted with the principles and advantages
army, serving in it for a short time as Assist- of homceopathy, Dr. Sparks had a hard
ant Surgeon. On resigning that position he struggle during the early days of his residence
removed to Palmyra, N. Y., practising there in that place. Supported by his strong confor eighteen months, in partnership with Dr. fidence in the prevailing power of truth, he
D. Chase. He then returned to New York, held on his course calmly and patiently, and
resumed practice, and was appointed House the result has justified his faith. He has now
Physician to the New York Homceopathic  a large and lucrative practice, his skill and
Dispensary. In September, I866, he resigned  success in the treatment of suffering and disto accept the appointment of Physician for ease having placed him among the leading
Diseases of Women, in the same institution. physicians of Pike county.
In I866, he received the appointment of    Dr. Sparks is a ready and forcible writer,
Demonstrator of Anatomy in the New York  and has won much reputation as a newspaHomceopathic Medical College, acting as per correspondent. This power he has emsuch for some time. He is a member of the ployed on behalf of homceopathy, having
County Society, and was elected its Secretary  written several articles in explanation and
in December, I872.                       defence of its principles, that have done
In November, i868, he was married to much to lessen prejudice and ignorance in
Miss Mary E. Smillie, of New York city. regard to it. At one time he challenged the
He has contlibuted occasionally to our pro- allopaths of the neighborhood to a controfessional literature.                    versy, but they evinced a decided indisposition to enter the lists with him.
He was married to Nelly Weazley, of
Griggsville, in March, I869.
PARKS, PETER B., M. D., of
Griggsville, Pike county, Ills.,
was born in Rushville, Schuyler        ONDELL, WILBUR  RICE, M.
county, in the same State, in            D., of Springfield, Ills., was born
July, 1834. At the age of fifteen, when the         in that city on 8th January, 1849.
gold fever raged so extensively, he emigrated       Ile acquired his literary educato California. His experience there was of a tion chiefly at the Springfield High School,
very varied character.  He saw the first from which institution he graduated in I868.



454                   BTOGRAPHICAL. CYCLOPEDIA  OF
For a year after the completion of his aca- county.  His father was a Judge in the
demical course he was engaged in teaching a County Court, and his mother was a daughdistrict school at a short distance from his ter of the Rev. Blackleach Burritt, A. M., of
birthplace.  Relinquishing this position, his Yale, a Presbyterian clergyman of unusual
taste.s led him to seek an enlarged sphere of learning and force of character.  His father
usefulness to his fellow man, and in April, and mother were born in the State of New
I869, he resolved to devote his future years York, but they were both of New England
to the study of medicine. After attending a parentage; and so the church and the schools
full course of lectures at the Hahnemann  of Sherburne, in which our subject wts eduXMedical College of Chicago, he took the  cated, were of the New England order. The
degree of Doctor of Medicine at that institu- public library of Sherburne   a small but
tion.                                      well-selected treasury of English literatureHe made his debut as a practitioner at was kept by his grandfather, and young
Petersburg, Menard  county, Ills., in  the  Gray spent most of his leisure hours in the
month of April, I872, and remained there  study of history and the reading of standard
until November following, having been suc- British poets, under the guidance of his recessful in his practice there.  Thence he  vered relative, under whose roof he resided
repaired to Virden, in the same State, where  two years, from  the age of twelve years.
he sojourned but a short time.  He finally. During this period he resolved to devote his
concluded to remove to his native city, of  life to medicine. His father lost his little
which he is now a resident, and where he  estate in I8i6, when the son was in his
has acquired the reputation of a prudent twelfth year, and thus his resolution to study
medical adviser.                           medicine was formed with a full knowledge
Dr. Condell holds to the following princi- of the difficulties to be surmounted by his
ples, viz.: "that homceopatziy rests on a logi-  own unaided efforts. Judge Gray earnestly
cal inzdzction froz   certain facts in nzature,  remonstrated against his son's plan of life as
but that its sphere cannot be precisely de- impracticable.  He did not wish his boy to
fined from our present knowledge: that ex- become a half educated physician; insisting
clusiveism, or the servilely following of any  that an academic culture ought to precede
man or men in medical questions, is unscien- the study of medicine, and that the latter
tific and unworthy of the physician.  That must be pursued or, at very worst, finished
truce eclecticism is a correct principle, and  by courses of lectures and demonstrations in
while it will lead us to adopt homceopathy, it some medical college. Both inevitable rewill also lead us to adopt much that is not quisites of the proposed career, as the case
homceopathy, yet not contrary to it. That presented itself to the father, seemed to him
while we may make rules to regulate the  equally insurmountable obstacles.  But to
dose, yet they must be susceptible to modifi- his persevering son they did nlot so appear;
cations, according to the varying conditions he felt equal to the long and arduous task.
and idiosyncrasies of the patient."        The mother, whose favorite brother-the late
Dr. Ely Burritt, of Troy, had, under exactly
------  -     ( such circumstances, made himself a Bachelor
of Arts and an accomplished physician, some
RAY, JOHN FRANKLIN, M. D., fifteen years before-joined the son in pleadLL. D., of New York city, was ing for his consent that the attempt might be
born  at Sherburne, Chenango  made. The father gave way to the wishes
county, N. Y., in September, of the son and entreaties of the mother, and
I804. His grandfather founded the town of  endowed the resolute student with the fullest
Sherburne, and occupied a conspicuous and  control of himself at the early age of fifteen
useful position among the early citizens of the years. The family removed to a small farm



4-:



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS..455
in Chautauqua county, N. Y., some thirty- other college course, if a double vacancy in
five miles south of Buffalo.  Young Gray  the staff of the New York Hospital had not
commenced his studies in classics and medi- occurred that spring; an event which had
cine simultaneously, in January, I820, with  never before happened.  This vacancy made
Dr. Peter B. Havens, at Hamilton, N. Y., it necessary for the Trustees to hire a physiwhere there was an academy, now Madison  cian from the city to fill the post of resident
University.  Dr. Havens gave him board and  practitioner, at a remunerative price. Through
tuition in return for acting as his apothecary, the influence of Dr. Hosack, then decidedly
office boy and book-keeper. After a year at the head of the profession in the State,
Gray taught a primary school in Hamlilton  aided by letters from  Governor Clinton, the
for one quarter, and then removed to Dun- place was awarded to Gray, after an examikirk, Chautauqua county, where he founded  nation which was ordered by the Trustees,
and taught a private school and continued  and was in effect a competitive trial of his
studies under the tuition of Ezra Williams, qualifications for that responsible position.
M. D., a surgeon of excellent character and  This success not only put an end to his long
skill in his profession.  With Dr. Williams pecuniary trials, but furnished him an invalhe remained three years.  In I824, he went uable field for experience in clinical medito New York to complete his studies in the  cine, in consultations repeated daily upon a
College of Physicians and Surgeons.  In  large variety of cases.
passing through Albany he called on the    At the close of his hospital term, in March,
Governor-De Witt Clinton-with a letter of  1826, he received the degree of Doctor from
introduction from a friend of his father, and  the University of the State. This -was his
he received letters from the Governor to Drs. second diploma and his third examination,
Hosack and Francis, Professors in the Col- and it closed the curricula of a pupilage
lege, which procured for him an immediate  which lasted fully six years.
adoption into their private classes without    Immediately on retiring from the hospital,
fees, and proved otherwvise very serviceable  he opened an office in Charlton street, then
to him after his graduation.               far up town.  In acquiring his practice he
Through Governor Clinton, Gray also re- was assisted by his future father-in-law, Dr.
ceived the tender of an appointment of  A. G. Hull, of New York, by Dr. Hosack,
Assistant Surgeon in the United States Navy  and by Dr. Watts of the Hospital, who
during his first course of lectures in the Col- had opposed his election in that institution
lege of Physicians and Surgeons; and to  from predilections in favor of another candiqualify himself legally for its acceptance, he  date, a pupil of his own. Dr. Gray's success
went before the Censors of the County Medi- in obtaining patients and social patronage
cal Society of New York, and sustained an  was very strong and rapid; so much so, that
examination for the Licentiate in Medicine, in his first year he was enabled to get marwhich he obtained in February, I825.  But, ried and to support a moderate house comat the earnest suggestion of his preceptor, Dr. fortably, and  in his second to sustain a
Hosack, he declined this appointment and  doctor's horse and gig. Soon after starting
determined to remain in New York for life. in private practice he began the study of the
At this time the funds he had gathered by  French language, and carried it far enough
his long work as a teacher in Hamilton and  to read medical authors; and two years later
Dunkirk were exhausted, and notwithstand-  he began the German, and kept at it till he
ing his most rigorous economy in living, he  could read it fluently and even speak it with
would have been compelled to abandon the  palpable scope and accuracy of diction.
college and postpone his doctorate till his   In I827, one of his patients, Mr. F. L.
practitioner's license should enable him to  Wilsey, a warm personal friend, introduced
pay for another year of student life and an- him to Dr. H. B. Gram, the pioneer of hom



456                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPAEDIA OF
oeopathy in America.  This learned  and  homceopathic remedy is not attainable, the
very able physician had just returned from a use of medical expedients which the uniform
residence in Denmark of twenty years, where  experience of physicians has found safely
he had completed his professional education  palliative ought to be abandoned.  He is not
and resided in practice till 1825, when he  a believer in two kinds of pharmacology, but
became a convert to homeeopathy, and re- he does earnestly hold to a practice derived
solved to return to his native land for its from purie observatiolz, in all that large field
practical diffusion.  Gram had already trans- of practice which still lies outside the prelated Hahnemann's powerful epitome of the  cincts of scientific therapeutics.  This he
new doctrine (" Geist der Homoeop. Heil- thinks cannot justly be called an allopathic
lehre") and distributed a few copies of it in  position; it ought to take the name of loyal
printed form  to the profession, as a letter to  empiricism, in the right technical meaning
Dr. Hosack of the College of Physicians and  of the term.
Surgeons in this city. But no review or    His avowal of homceopathy had very disaother notice of his pamphlet had appeared in  greeable social consequences.  In the first
our journals, and probably not one in a place it brought upon him the censure of his
thousand of the profession in this country had  beloved preceptor, Dr. Hosack, whom  he
seen the work in this version.  Gray reluc- loved for his many kindnesses and revered
tantly consented to be introduced to Gram by  for his great erudition and abounding skill as
Mr. Wilsey, and not till he had carefully  a teacher of clinical medicine; and secondly,
studied the letter to Dr. Hosack could he  it placed him in painful relations with nearly
treat him with the respect due to his unques-  every one of his large circle of fellow students
tionable professional attainments. However, and brother physicians.  Moreover, it very
after some months of daily discussions with  soon began to alarm and detach his best inDr. Gram, he resolved to test the truth of  formed and most influential patients and
Hahnemann's maxim, sirnilia simsilibus cur- patrons-a state of feeling toward him which
antur, in a few of his incurable cases. His was by no means allayed by the remarks of
tests were conclusive in some of these and  his immediate medical colleagues among his
unfavorable in none. The trials were made  lay adherents.  The  chagrin and  sorrow
in I827, with the diligence and care due to  which fell to his lot by the withdrawal of his
their importance, and they were most pa- preceptor and his other professional assotiently aided and supervised by Dr. Gram, ciates, which he describes as most poignant
who had not yet acquired much practice of  and lasting, was accompanied and succeeded
his own.                                   by serious defections and losses in his pracIn I828, Dr. Gray adopted homceopathy  tice and its revenue.  From I830-two years
as the major rule in his practice; but he did  after he avowed his adoption of homceopathy
not exclude the useful means and expedients  -till I838, his income was too small to supof his former practice in all those cases, too  port his family pleasantly, and much of that
often recurring, in which the apparatus of the  long and gloomy period he was compelled to
new Materia Medica did not, in his judg- abandon his carriage anid do his work on
ment, furnish a true simillimum. To this foot. There were no omnibus conveyances
position he has steadfastly adhered through- nor street cars. The poorer classes of his
out his long career of over forty-five years' patients adhered to him as a rule; and this
connection with homceopathy.  He holds the  hard pedestrian work, with very small and
law of cure, in every real drug cure, to be  precarious fees, was his additional trial in
demonstrably the homoeopathic law, and he  the thorny path of his unquestionable duty.
agrees with the founder that the two opposite   In I829, the second convert-Dr. Abramaxims of art cannot be harmonized; but he  ham D. Wilson-joined Gram and took his
does not hold, with  many, that when a place as a homceopathist with Gray, ready



HOMCEOPATHIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          457
to encounter the same losses and trials as he  lar Survey," " The Symptomen Codex," and
had to do and did. Next came Dr. Chan- " Lawrie's Domestic Practice."  He delivning, Dr. Gerald Hull, and Dr. Vander- ered also several addresses, which were
burgh; but each of these with less opposition  printed for distribution in the profession at
from the profession and less losses in profes- the several periods of their origin; the first
sional income, and by I834, the band of the  of which was published in I833, being an
new faith was large enough to break up the  argument against monopoly in teaching medloneliness of position which Wilson  and  icine. Again, in I850, he treated this topic
Gray had felt so keenly till they were so re- in an inaugural address to the Hahnemann
inforced.   Besides, Hering came to  the  Academy of Medicine, entitled "The Duty
United States in I833, and other men of  of the State in Relation to Homceopathy."
learning and talent in  Pennsylvania very  I'   1870, Dr. Gray, as Chairman of the
soon joined him, making there a powerful Bureau of Education in the Homceopathic
compensation  for New  York  ostracism. Medical Society of the State of New York,
Gray's joy at these accessions was very great. reported a memorial for presentation to the
lie often went over to see and confer with  Legislature, asking for the appointment of
Ilering and his Philadelphia colleagues.   Boards of Examiners in Medicine by the
In  I832, Gray proposed  IIahnemann's  Regents of the University of the State.  The
name for the diploma of honorary member- candidates were to be classically educatedt
ship  in  the  New  York  County Medical men, and were to be examined in public in
Society, and in I833, the Society elected  all departments of medicine.  This examinahim. Just ten years later that Society voted  tion-in both schools-was to be the sole
to recal the diploma; but their rescinding  testimony as to merit.  Diplomas were to
came too late; Hahnemann had gone from  issue from the University of the State. The
earth before the notice of it could reach  bill failed to become law only by the veto of
him.                                       the Governor. In I872, Dr. Gray, as PresiIn I834, Dr. Gray, with his able and since  dent of the State Society, renewed the topic,
most justly distinguished pupil, Dr. Hull, and persevered so successfully that the propublished the first journal of the new school posed reform became law on the I6th of May,
of America.  They issued only four monthly  I872. The University has already appointed
numbers, when they had to suspend its pub- one Board of Examiners. Among his pupils
lication for want of funds.  In 1839, it was and those whose professional education was
resumed under the name of 7/e HoJonzmojat/zic shaped by him were Dr. A. G. Hull (dec'd),
Examinelr, and was printed  quarterly in  H. D. Paine, Fowler, Baner, Quin, Millard,
royal octavo form.  It reached its fourth  of New  York; Taft and Burritt of New
volume of several hundred pages each, and  Orleans; Gilbert Schley of Savannah.
it was well sustained by the profession.  Dr.   In his earlier professional life he devoted
Gray had the review department, besides much time to the acquisition of the German
contributing some few miscellaneous papers; and French languages, and in his later years
but the bulk of that very laborious work was to the reading of philosophical and medical
executed by his younger colleague, Dr. writings in the Latin  tongue; this latter
Hull.                                      doubtless led to his receiving his honorary
In I835, the first society of the new school degree from IHamilton College in I87I.
was formed in New York. Gray was its first   Our subject has been of service to his proPresident and Mr. Bryant its last.        fession by his fostering kindness to his pupils,
The publications in which Dr. Gray as- from nwhom he received no fees, and students
sisted Dr. Hull, besides the Amzersicanz 7our- of medicine who needed pecuniary aid; and
nal and  the  Examniner, were "Jahr's  to the school of practice in which he was an
Manual," several editions, " Everest's Popu- early pioneer.






L.......



HOMCtOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                          459
acquaintance with her, had already com- her I2th, I871, renting a place for $1400 a
menced the study of medicine, which she has year, and now owns the marble building No.
since followed up with eminent success.    51 Saint Mark's Place, worth $26,ooo. Such
His success in life has been uniform, and  a rapid advance proves the lively interest felt'
his progress in his career steady and constant. in the cause of women's medical education.
It is designed to form from this college a
— ~c —                university having a chair for every school,
and furthermore, to teach all the sciences
HITE, SARAH JANE, M. D., of  applicable to medical practice.
New  York  city, was born  in    The subject of this sketch is a powerful
Whately, Mass., in 1840. She is lecturer and an able and reliable writer,
the daughter of J. R. Smith, of  contributing much by articles from her valuthat place. She commenced medical reading  able pen, and her other indefatigable exerin her native town at a very early age, and  tions, to the advancement of the cause she
made such rapid progress that she soon be- has espoused-the medical education of her
came very efficient in the electro-magnetic  sex. She now enjoys a lucrative and growmethod of treating disease.  In i869, she  ing practice, and accomplishes great good in
removed to New York, where she attended  her medical sphere.
medical lectures, during three years, at the
Women's Honmoopathic Medical College, inl
which institution she graduated in 1873. So
proficient was she in her studies that she was      ILLARD, LEWIS H., M. D., was
pronounced fit to receive her diploma, with           born at West Philadelphia, Pa.,
honors, at the end of her first course, which,        September 25th, I838.  His pahowever, could not be granted, as the laws            rents were influential and occuprevent such a speedy graduation.  Dr. E. pied a high social position in the community.
Bayard was her preceptor in New York.      He was educated at Loller Academy, Pa.
She deserves credit for having been one of  In I86o, he entered upon the study of medithe first to conceive, and among the first to  cine under the tuition of Edward Reading,
carry out, the idea of establishing a women's M. D., and during the wintei- of i86o-'61, he
free medical college in New York.  One  attended a full course of lectures at the
method by which she pushed the scheme  Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylwas by giving lectures to large and intelligent vania.  At the close of the session he entered
audiences in her own house.  She is still the office of Professor H. N. Guernsey, of
connected with the College as an influential Philadelphia, and took charge of the college
member of the Executive Committee; indeed, dispensary, a position which he filled with
it is much indebted to her for its almost un- great acceptance until August, I86I, when
paralleled success. This institution is based  he received the appointment of Army Cadet,
on the broadest and most liberal foundation. and was assigned duty at Satterlee Hospital,
Disciples of all the different schools are wel- in West Philadelphia. In September followcomed. The faculty is composed of eminent ing, at his own request, he was transferred to
and skilful professors, both men and women, Georgetown College Hospital, D. C., which
and the lectures are given by talented and  he assisted in organizing and fitting up for
able members of the profession, of both sexes. the reception and care of wounded soldiers.
A dispensary is to be attached to the college, After the emergency which called him here
and competent students will be provided  had passed, on recommendation of Dr. George
with cases of practice.  Every arrangement Brown, of the regular army, who had charge
has also been made for the study of anatomy  of the Georgetown College Hospital, he was
and clinics. This institution openedDecem- transferred to the United States Navy as



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             46I
burg, and others of less note; to his kind and  that it had for its foundation something more
skilful treatment in hospital or on the field, than mere chance.  Under the instructions
everywhere  unostentatiously  given, those  of his brother Leonard he completed his
with whom he associated, and those to whom  preliminary medical studies, graduated at
he iministered, give grateful attest.     the Homceopathic Medical College of PhilaThe fall and winter of I865-'66, he spent delphia, in 185I, and immediately settled in
in Boston, pursuing  the study of special Towanda.  His brother Leonard  shortly
branches of medicine in the Harvard Medi- after removed to Illinois, leaving the subject
cal School, from which institution he received  of our sketch to contend alone with the bitter
the degree of Doctor of Medicine.  Soon  prejudice against homeopathy which at that
after he located in Georgetown, Mass., where  time prevailed'to such an extent that some
he remained in practice for three years. of the pioneers of homceopathy were driven
Here he became a member of the Massachu- from their profession, and those who believed
setts State Medical Society.  During his in it or supported it were subjected to bitter
period of preparatory study and his early  and sometimes violent persecution.  Dr.
practice, though recognized as an allopathist, Pratt met this bigoted opposition manfully.
he was a liberal and unprejudiced student, By close attention to his studies and the duand through the force of the truth of what he  ties of his profession, in a few years he
read of the writings of Hahnemann and  became a physician of acknowledged skill
others he was led to become a practitioner and ability; the gravest cases were entrusted
of honmceopathy.                          to his care; the feeling against the " little
In April, I869, he removed to Boston to  pills" was gradually removed, and now the
build up a large practice, to gather about doctor reckons among his staunchest friends
him  a choice circle of friends, and by his' and warmest supporters of the new school of
education and experience to aid in proving  medicine those who were his and its most
the efficacy of the true system-the only  active enemies at the outset of his career.
science of medicine.                       Surgery is a branch of his profession to which
He is a member of the Massachusetts he has given great attention. This may be
Homceopathic Medical Society and of the  called his specialty.  His large and successAmerican Institute of Homceopathy.         ful experience as an operator entitles him to
be reckoned among the first of the surgeons
in the new school of medicine,
[;RATT, DAVID  SHEPARD, M.
D., of Towanda, Pa., was born
in Middletown Township, Sus-             ROSS, MARIA MAXWELL, M.
quehanna county, Pa., November             D., of Chicago, Ills., was born
I6th, I826. He is the third son of Russell  in Elmira, N. Y., on the 28th
Pratt and younger brother of Professor Leon-         March, 1833.  She is the only
ard Prattl, of Hahhn  ann Medical College of daughter of the Rev. Manly Tooker, a disChicago.  His boyhood was spent in agri- tinguished clergyman of central New York.
cultural pursuits, but his thirst for knowledge  Her father gave her an excellent education
soon led him to aspire to a calling more con- at the best schools in that section, supplegenial.  In his leisure hours he devoted  mented by private instructions from himself,
himself assiduously to study, and after having  and she graduated from  the Canandaigua
obtained a substantial academic education he  Female Seminary in I85I.
determined to become a disciple of Hahne-    Her attention was first attracted to the
mann. He had seen the wonderful cures medical profession while attending a course
under the new system, and was led to believe  of lectures on physiology at the Medical



462                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEEDIA   OF
College in Geneva, N. Y., during her father's  hundred, all under her special control. In
residence in that city. The graduation of  I867, fire again destroyed the greater part of
Miss Blackwell at the spring term  of the  that fine edifice. After this second financial
same institution, as the first lady to enter the  disaster she determined to make Chicago her
domain of medicine in this country, acted, no  future home. In that city Mrs. Dr. Gross
doubt, as a powerful incentive in forming the  soon acquired a large and constantly increasfuture career of Miss Tooker.              ing practice, which she still holds with disSoon after this event, and while on a brief  tinguished ability.
visit to the Clifton Springs Sanitarium, in    She is a member of the American Institute
Ontario county, N. Y., she made the acquain- of Homceopathy, and possesses one of the
tance of her future husband, James E. Gross, best libraries in the West, which is fully supM. D., the then Resident Physician of that plied with the.periodicals of both schools of
institution.  They were married on the 8th  medicine.  The reputation she enjoys for
of February, I853, and  she immediately  attainments and skill is such as to place her
comL;enced the study of medicine, graduating  in the front.rank of gynecologists, and her
at the  Cleveland  Homceopathic Medical tact and success in the treatment of children
College in the spring of I857.             are equally characteristic of her pre-eminent
Her husband had, at this time, become  abilities as a physician. With all her profesthe proprietor of the well-known resort for sional reputation,.she impresses those around
invalids at Yellow Springs, O.  She at once  her with the fact that they are in the presence
took charge of the female department of that not only of a lady of great personal charms,
institution, where she very soon gave unmis- but of refinement and culture. Unlike many
takable evidence that she had wisely chosen  women who have made choice of a public
her life work.  Her skill in the treatment of  career, neither her ambition nor success has
diseases peculiar to her sex drew around her won her from the gentler or more womanly
many of the best and most prominent ladies  enjoyments of home.  She attributes her
of the West, and her department was filled  success chiefly to a happy faculty for diagnoswith representatives from almost every State  ing diseases, and a cheery hopefulness and
in the Union. Here she delivered a course sympathetic "way" that characterizes her in
of popular lectures to women, which were  the sick room. She has full faith that women
published and obtained a large circulation. will hereafter find an open door into the proShe also employed the few hours she could  fession, and believes that because of their
spare from her professional labors in con- greater natural tact for nursing, and  the
tributing many valuable and original articles greater freedom which patients of their own
on subjects pertaining to the same diseases sex feel with them, they will, in their special
for publication in various periodicals.  Deli- field of diseases of women and children, have
cate health, however, compelled her to aban- some clear advantages over their professional
don all literary work.                     brethren
In the fall of i862, the " Cure" at Yellow
Springs was destroyed by fire. Her husband
immediately purchased  the Green  Mount             cVICKAR, JOHN  AUGUSTUS,
Seminary building, at Richmond, Ind., forty           1 M. D.; of New York city, was
miles distant from the former place.  This            born in Schenectady, N. Y., June
edifice he remodelled, and soon opened it as          I6th, 1812.  He is the son of
a retreat similar to the one at Yellow Springs, James McVickar and Eweretta Constable.
and hither repaired the former patrons and  His father, a country gentleman, filled and
friends of Mrs. Gross.  Here her labors in- exercised many positions of trust and honor
creased with each successive year, her pa- in the community, and was an extensive
tients numbering sometimes as many as one  landholder.  His maternal grandfather was



'~~~~~~~~&
C  ili~1111i~ii~i~ ii~,,,~,,~,~,~,..






HOMiCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                            463
also a large landholder, and both his grand- he had been a professor; he attended the
fathers were merchants in New York, wealthy dissection room, and for the time being gave
and in a position of high standing.  His  to surgery his almost exclusive attention.
father moved to Lewis county in I813, where  He also assisted in organizing a dispensary,
he continued to reside.                    taking charge of the surgical department; his
The subject of this sketch was partially  first capital operation being one of stone in
educated in New York city and partially  the bladder, which he performed with sucunder private tutors in the country.  He  cess. In I853, he was elected President of
studied medicine under John R. Rhinelander, the Hahnemann Academy of Medicine, on
Assistant Professor of Anatomy in the Col- which occasion he delivered the inaugural
lege of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating  address.  Since that time he has always
in that institution in I833, fiom the office of  been engaged in a large practice, which,
his preceptor.  He first commenced his prac- however, has not been diversified by any
tical medical career in the Lying-in Asylum., striking  circumstances calling for special
where he was Resident Physician during  notice.
three years. In I838, he was married to    He is essentially of a retiring nature, shunCharlotte Neilson, daughter of the late Wil- ning that notoriety which many others court.
liam Neilson, Esq., President of the Ameri- As before remarked, he does not regard
can Marine Insurance Company, a man of  homceopathy as the sole law in medicine.
much note in underwriting and in mercantile  In his practice he is hampered by no restriccircles. At the time when the Medical De- tions, but is liberal and comprehensive in his
partment of the New York University was views; he makes no display, nor does he hold
organized, under Chancellor Matthews' ad- his method as a secret.  He is wedded to no
ministration, about the year I839, he was dogma or creed; he believes there are "seroffered the chair of Chemical Midwifery. mons in stones, books in the running brooks,
The other Professors elect were Drs. Mott, and good in everything."  He is not attached
Bedford, Martyn Paine, Alfi-ed  C. Post, to any special or favorite drug, which plan
Charles R. Lee, Dr. Ticknor, James A. he thinks must lead to empiricism; at the
Washington, etc.  Liberty, however, being  same time he is as well informed in the
too much restricted in this institution, the  Materia Medica-including the old school
whole of the faculty elect resigned in a body. remedies - as any man in the profession.
In I841, he investigated the theory of hom-  His professional sagacity and tact are especeopathy, which he came to regard as a  cially noteworthy, and he is also remarkable
principle in medicine, but not an exclusive  as a diagnostician.
system, and so adopted it, addressing a letter    After being in constant practice during
with a title to that effect to Alban Goldsmith, forty-five years, his health became so impaired
M. D. Sorely against his own prejudices he  as to give serious cause for alarm, which
was induced to examine homceopathy, and  compelled him to allow his business to dwinpure conviction alone caused him to adopt die away; but he suddenly determined to
that system in spite of the condemnation and  give up smoking, to which he was extravaopposition of his professional friends. When  gantly addicted. The result of this change
the New York Academy of Medicine was was that he regained all his pristine vigor,
organized-undousbtedly established with a and now appears as young and active as a
view to strangle homceopathy-he advised  man of thirty.  In I872, a law having been
those who were excluded by this institution  passed appointing a Board of Examiners,
from the benefit of professional consultations, under the Regents of the University, with a
that they should' develop in their own body  view to affording to applicants for the degree
specialists.  Accordingly he himself adopted  of Doctor of Medicine an opportunity to
surgery, matriculating at the college where  claim it without regard to where their educa



464                    BIOGRAPHIICAL CYCLOPiEDIA  OF
tion was obtained, upon giving evidence of    Dr. Searle is clinical editor of the HomaQ'otheir ability by passing a searching examina- p2a//ic Observer, published in Detroit, Mich.
tion, not only in every department of medi- He is a member of the State Board of Excine, but in every mode of treatment, he was  aminers in Medicine of New York State;
selected as one of seven to constitute such  ex-President of King's County Medical SoBoard of Examiners, representing the hom- ciety; honorary member of the Connecticut
ceopathic school.                          Medical Society; Oculist to the Brooklyn
As a physician he enjoys an estimable re- Homceopathic Hospital, and also holding the
putation, being highly respected in allopathic  same professional position in the Homceoas well as other circles.  Courteous and  pathic Eye and Ear Infirmary in the same
polite, and occupying the eminent position  city.
he has gained, it is not surprising that he has
many and warm  friends.  In his profession
he is an able and skilful practitioner, but         OWLER-ORMSBEE, A. L., M.
while self-possessed and confident in his own         D., of Orange, N. J., daughter
ability, he respects and defers to the opinions       of Horace  Fowler, was born
and judgment of those who have enjoyed and            March 4th, 1826, in Cohocton,
improved better opportunities in special de- Steuben county, N. Y. At the age of nine
partmbents.                                her father moved with his family, and sett-led
In person he is tall and slender, possessing  near Jackson, Mich. That part of the couna fine gentlemanly presence, a noble open  try being then quite new, there were no near
countenance, and impressing one at first school advantages, and her education was for
sight with the idea that he is a type of one  some years conducted by private teachers
of the first-class physicians of the ancien  resident in the family.  She subsequently
r-gime.                                    attended the school of Rev. Marcus Harrison,
in Jackson, and then coming east, devoted
about two years more to the usual course.
EARLE, WILLIAM  S., M. D., of    She commenced the study of medicine
Brooklyn, N. Y., was born in  early in I849, and spending one year under
I833, at Bedford, Mass.  His the preceptorship of Dr. J. W. Redfield, enfather was an esteemed clergy- tered the Female Medical College of Pennman of the Presbyterian Church.  Having  sylvania in I85I. After three courses of
dul.y prepared himself in various academies, lectures (the second of which was a spring
he entered Hamilton College, at Clinton, term in Boston, where she held the position
Oneida county, N. Y., from which institution  of Demonstrator of Anatomy), she graduated
he graduated in I855.  Having resolved to  in Philadelphia in I853, receiving flattering
pursue the profession of medicine, for that encomiums from the faculty for the perseverpurpose he matriculated at the University of  ing industry and unusual ability with which
Pennsylvania, and after the usual course in  she had mastered the various branches of the
that school, received his diploma of M. D. in  medical course.  She was appointed DemonI859.  He had, however, commenced the  strator of Anatomy and Chemistry for the
study of homeoepathy four years previous.    succeeding year, the duties of which were
His first field of labor was in Troy, N. Y., discharged to the satisfaction of the faculty
where he practised his profession for ten  and class. During the following years she
years.  Thence he removed to Brooklyn, N. declined several invitations to take a profesY., where he remains, having a large and  sorship in that and other colleges.
lucrative patronage, stands high in the pro-    In I858, she went to reside on Orange
fession, and is acknowledged by all as one  Mountain, N. J., two and a half miles from
of the leading physicians of that city.   the city of Orange, to superintend the im



466                    BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP.EDIA  OF
of homoeopathy, and was one of the original Montreal for a year.  She then lived for a
members of the Northampton Homceopathic  time in the family of an educated German,
Medical Faculty, also one of the projectors for the sake of becoming acquainted with
and founders, in connection with Drs. Her- their language. When the war broke out, in
ing, Wesselhceft, Detwiller, Freytag, and  I86I, she was residing with her brother in
other prominent physicians, of the North  Cairo, Ills., and with her natural desire for
American  Academy der Homceopathische  usefulness, was not long in finding her way
Heikunst, at Allentown, and after its incor- into hospital work.  Failing in health, howporation by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, *ever, she went abroad and visited all of the
was chosen Vice-President.  He also offici- European countries and the East, attending
ated as Professor of Obstetrics in its faculty, lectures meantime at the College of France,
Dr. Hering being President.                and visiting the European hospitals, and even
In the fall of 1838, he removed to Balti- that devoted to lepers outside the gates at
more, with other practitioners of repute, to  Jerusalem. The Italian and Austrian war
introduce homceopathy.  Drs. Haynal and  breaking out while she was in Florence, she
McManus, of that city, having already made had an opportunity of observing the sanitary
it a study, then to some extent practised the  preparations, and she afterwards visited the
system. His stay in Baltimore covered two  Austrian military hospitals. Returning home,
years; he then returned to Allentown to re- she entered the Women's College of New
side permanently.                          York, and graduated therefrom  in March,
I-Ie has ever been an active temperance  1869, and revisiting Europe inJune of that
advocate since 1842, and was one of the pro- year, spent fifteen months in the General
jectors of the First Division of the Sons of' Hospital in Vienna, receiving every facility
Temperance, No. 7, in Allentown, Pa. Since  offered there for study and observation, and
I836, he has been an active and devoted  treated with uniform respect and courtesy by
member of the Presbyterian Church, also an  its fifteen hundred students. At the Unielder in said church for a number of years.   versity of Breslau, in Prussia, in Leipzig and
He has two sons —William H. and George  Dresden, as well as in Paris, she met with the
M. Romig-now practising physicians; grad- same spirit of generosity and kindliness.
uates of the University of Pennsylvania, as    Though having no prejudice for or against
well as of the Hahnemann College of Phila- any school of medicine, but taking a liberal
delphia, and now copartners with him. He  view, and desirous only of selecting the best
is recognized as one of the most prominent means of cuire, she was led by observation of
practitioners of his school.               the relative success of various physicians to
choose the system of Hahnemann as her own.
On her final return from Europe she practised
successfully one year in Chicago, and afterAFFORD, MARY S., M. D., of  wards located permanently in Boston, where,
Boston, Mass., was born in Hyde  in October of I872, she was married to Mr.
Park, Vt., and is of English de- Blake, and where she continues to reside.
scent, her maternal grandmother    While in Breslau she performed several
having come over in the " Mayflower."  Her surgical operations, under the eye of a physiparents were both natives of Vermont, but cian with whose family she lived, and was
removed to Illinois when she was but an  the first woman to perform the operation of
infant, where her mother was much in de- ovariotomy.  She is in the performance of
mand for her ministrations to the sick. After her duties a great enthusiast, having been
their death, in I849, she was sent to Bakers- distinguished in her youth by her love for the
field, Vt., to school, from which, after gradu- study of anatomy and physiology, which she
ating, she went to a French school near pursued while others of her age were enjoy



468                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
he at once commenced the study of homceo-           ORGAN, LOUIS S., M. D., of
pathy under the guidance of Dr. C. M. Dake,           Conewango, N. Y., was born
of Genesee, N. Y. After three years of faith- IMarch 20oth, 80I, at West Springful application to the doctrines of the new           field, Mass.  He is the son of
school he removed to Ann Arbor, Mich., Erastus Morgan, a soldier of the revolutionwhere he formed a copartnership with Dr. ary war, who afterwards removed to Norwich,
Thomas Blackwood, and commenced prac- and in this romantic and mountainous region
tice.  Dr. Blackwood left him the next year Dr. Morgan was brought up a farmer. His
and emigrated to California.               early education was primarily at the common
The year 1847 chronicled the formation of  school, supplemented by lessons in Latin
the first homceopathic medical society of  from his pastor. After two years of unremitMichigan, there being at that time but eight ting toil in study, teaching and farming, his
physicians of this school in the entire State. health gave way; then he had recourse to a
Dr. Eldridge was present at its formation, more active life, during which he became
and became a licentiate at its second annual interested in local botany and geology, and
meeting, since which time he has been pre-  in the succeeding year entered,WVestfield
sent at most of its sessions, and has held at Academy, where he acquired a knowledge
different times all its offices.           of the classics, and also the French language.
After residing at Ann Arbor for five years, In 1823, he entered the office of Dr. Ebenehe removed to Flint, then a township village  zer Emmons, a distinguished naturalist, etc.,
of two thousand inhabitants, where he intro- for a year, meanwhile attending lectures in
duced homeopathy to the uninitiated, against the Berkshire Medical College.  He afterthe combined and persistent animosity of  wards studied with Dr. Bela B. Jones, of
fifteen allopathic physicians.  His practice  Southampton, and Dr. William  Atwater, of
became so extensive as to demand a coad- Westfield.
jutor.  In Dr. E. F. Olds, whom  he had    In I826, he married Cornelia Spelman, his
converted from allopathy, he found an asso- wedding tour of fifteen hundred miles being
ciate for a short period.                  occupied in the delivery of lectures on the
Dr. Eldridge has labored assiduously for natural sciences in the States of New York
more than twenty years, in connection with a and Pennsylvania.  Returning to Massachufew of the leading practitioners of the State, setts, he published the Cabinet of Nature, a
to secure the just and equitable rights to  monthly journal, at Northampton, attending
which they aspired in the Medical Depart-  also medical lectures at Williams College,
ment of the University.  These efforts have  whence he graduated in 1828. The next
been crowned with success; at the recent year he became Professor of Natural Science
session of the Legislature the bill for the ap- in Monroe High School, near Rochester, N.
pointment of two homceopathic professors  Y., and shortly after Associate Principal and
became a law, thus according to the new  Classical Teacher of Gaines High School,
school the same honors, rights and privileges  Orleans county, N. Y., where he passed five
enjoyed by the allopaths.                  years. Impaired health caused him to relinDr. Eldridge  was married, May  Ioth, quish this position, and for four years after
I838, to Miss Mary L., daughter of Colonel he was engaged in delivering lectures before
C. Shephard, of New York.  His eldest son, the various literary societies in western New
Dr. C. S. Eldridge, is practising medicine in  York on geology. A laryngeal affection was
Chicago.  Dr. J. N. Eldridge has received  now developed, and his physicians advised
the honorary degree of M. D. from  the  him  that, as his right lung was seriously
Cleveland Homceopathic College, in I863, affected, he was in danger of dying from
and from the Homoeopathic Medical College  consumption.  In the spring of I839, by
of New York, in I867.                      rational treatment, and avoiding the medica






HOMCEOPATIIIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           469
tion of his advisers, he recovered his health,      ELLOGG, C. H. B., M. D., of
entered the ministry, and was ordained as an          Detroit, Mich., was born at HarEvangelist, laboring for a time in western            risbulg, on the 26th of March,
Pennsylvania.  Thence he returned to west-            1814.  His grandfather, Thomas
ern New  York, and labored  as a home  Kellogg, was a soldier of the American
missionary and physician to the poor.      revolution, and lived to the age of one hunIn I845, his attention was directed to  dred and ten years.  His father, Ebenezer
homceopathy, and after a full investigation, Kellogg, served in the war of 1812; both
he decided to adopt its principles.  Called to  were early settlers in Lewis county, N. Y.
be pastor of the church in Conewango, he  He obtained his education by attending the
also practised medicine there for six years-  common school for a short period during a
the only homceopath in the county.  Thence  few winters.  He began the study of medihe removed to Gowanda, where he had to  cine at the age of fifteen, with Dr. Asa Shaw,
combat the opposition of three allopaths and  a student of Dr. J. H. Vincent, of Cold
three eclectics; besides these, his cares were  Brook, N. Y., and attended lectures at Fairincreased by assuming the part of editor of  field. Then he travelled in South America,
the Chrolicle, published by his son.  Six  Africa and Arabia.  Returning home, he
years were likewise passed here, when, in a remained several years on the farm, occanight, the fruits of many years were swept sionally practising his profession.  He was
away in a conflagration which consumed the  in Canada during, but not participating in,
town.  After a year passed in repairing  the rebellion of I837-'38.  His motherwas a
losses, he sought to make Buffalo his home, relative of Koskiusco, and a most benevolent
but again misfortune overtook him by the  woman.  In acts of benevolence the doctor
loss of his wife.  Thence he removed to  resembles his mother, his charity knowing no
Illinois, and after a year's pastoral duty, he  limit but his want of means. For several
returned to New York and opened an office years after the Canadian rebellion he was
in Howelsville, Steuben county.  Here, not- engaged as a detective.  After leaving the
withstanding the opposition of the old school ranks of the detectives, he settled down to
and further losses by fire, he enjoyed a very  the practice of medicine at Toulogany, O.,
successful practice for five years, when domes- about the year I859. There he remained in
tic afflictions terminated his duties.  Since  an eminently successful and extensive practhat period he has resided chiefly in Cone- tice some ten years.  During the rebellion
wango, ministering to all who call upon  many a family whose head was in the army
him.                                       was the recipient of his benevolence in the
Always a student, he keeps up with pro- shape of food, fuel, money, and gratuitous
fessional progress.  In addition to his studies medical advice.
of early days in the dead languages, he has    In I869, poor health compelled him  to
familiarized himself with French, German,  abandon his practice and seek relief in travel,
Italian, Spanish and Scandinavian literature, when he spent a year among his native hills
and has paid attention to American linguistics, in old Lewis county. In the spring of I87I,
holding an interesting correspondence with  he came to his present residence-DetroitGerman and French savans on the Iroquois after travelling and lecturing over a large
language and other American Archaics. He  portion of the State; and since settling there
still furnishes the press with articles of scien- he has married for the second time.  His
tific interest on the topography and geology  ability and success caused him. to be the reof particular sections, and occasionally de- cipient of the offer of the chair of Materia
livers eminently valuable lectures on astron- Medica and  Therapeutics in the Detroit
omy, geology, and other topics of a scientific  Homoeopathic Medical College, which he
character.                                 concluded to accept.  The position he held



470                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
for two years.  He now occupies the chair of  in every fobrlm, she, immediately after graduObstetrics.                                 ating, began to study anew  in the other
school, continuing to apply herself diligently
to it until she was qualified to treat patients
ILLIAMIS, SAVINA  L., M. D., by that system.
of Clarence, Cedar county, Iowa,    She and her husband, Dr. Williams, pracwas born October 27th, 1825, ill tised together fifteen years, with very fair
Lancaster county, Pa.  Her fa- success; but that being a small place and
ther's ancestry is Turkish, her mother's Ger- extremely healthful, their field of labor was
man. The early part of her life was passed  so contracted that they finally concluded to
in Pennsylvania.  When ten years of age her remove to another location, which they found,
father removed his family to Columbus, O., in I869, at Clarence, Iowa.  Here they enwhere she attended school until she reached  joy a fine practice, though in competition
the age of eighteen.  She then occupied the  with two physicians of the old school.
position of teacher for one year. After that
time she obtained a situation in a lunatic
asylum; but after two years, her health failing from the too close confinement insepar-          RESSER, BENJAMIN L., M. D.,
able from her position, she resumed teaching,          of East Machias, Washington
and continued in that calling till the year             county, Me., was born in the
i8 I, when she married Dr. Isaiah Williams,            town of Blenhill, Hancock county,
and was soon persuaded by him to commence  Me., in 1832.  His father came originally
the study of medicine.                      from New Hampshire, and settled in Maine
After a year's application at home to this  in the year I8oo.  He was a man of more
new  pursuit, she attended lectures at the  than ordinary intelligence and of great deterEclecti-c Medical College of Cincinnati for mination, and he carried on successfully the
one session;.in company with her husband;  different occupations of farming, lumbering
then returning home to Columbus, studied at and blacksmithing.  He allowed each of his
that place two years longer; after which she  children to follow the bent of his own inclireturned  to  Cincinnati to attend  another nations in pursuing his studies, and each one's
course of lectures, and was one of two ladies  education was conducted with a special view
who graduated.                              to fitting him for his future course in life.
Mrs. Williams, though now in possession  Benjamin turned his thoughts early in life to
of her diploma, was not satisfied.  She had  the medical profession, and as a child the
seen her husband, after suffering intensely  sick room had a strange fascination for him.
forty-eight hours with gastric colic, and de- He manifested a wonderful sympathy for the
riving no aid from his allopathic physician, suffering, and seemed to be actuated by a
entirely relieved in a short time by the hom-  strong and inexplicable desire to do all in
oeopathic treatment.  She had heard from  his power to alleviate their pains.  Yearly
him  of two previous instances in which he  this desire increased, and he became a stuhad been raised up by that treatment; once  dent in the office of Dr. John Burnham, of
after being confined three years to his bed  Orland, Me.  With this, his first preceptor,
under the care of an allopathist.  She had  he studied allopathy, but immediately after
heard, and doubtless was cognizant of many  he had completed his studies with him, his
other proofs of the superiority of the new  attention was arrested by the progress of a
system to the old.  She saw so much consis- case of fever that was treated at first by an
tency and so many beauties in the modus allopathic physician, and afterwards.by a
oferandi of the simzilia simzilibus, that having  homceopathist; the progress of the disease,
deliberately resolved to renounce allopathy  and the results of each course of treatment,



4:72                  BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP1EDIA  OF
science, and had always heard the school But though fond of mechanics, his lack of
mentioned with contempt and ridicule.      physical strength rendered it necessary for
In the autumn of I858, he commenced the  him to choose a far different sphere of usefulpractice of homceopathy in Roxbury, where  ness.
he remained until May, I867, when, owing    He returned to his home in Dover, and
to injurious climatic influences, he, relinquish-  after awhile went to Brooklyn, where, in
ing a large and lucrative practice, removed  I849, he commenced the study of medicine
to Chicago, Ills., where he has since been  with Dr. Daniel Baker.  He attended three
established in the general practice of medi- full courses of lectures in the College of
cine and surgery.                          Physicians and Surgeons of New York city,
He is a member of the State and city  and afterwards, in 1853, graduated with high
organizations of the Hahnemann school of  honors at the Homoceopathic College of Pennpractice and of the American Institute of  sylvania.
Homceopathy.  During twenty-three years    His entire medical education was selfof city practice his experience has been most earned, his way being worked with the most
varied, and his success as a practitioner untiring industry, and in the face of difficulmarked.                                    ties that would have deterred any one posDuring his residence in Roxbury he occu- sessed of less indomitable will' and courage.
pied, for fourteen years, a seat in the Board  He paid his college fees by serving as the
of Education, and throughout one year a seat Janitor's assistant, working far into the night,
in the City Council of the city. He has sweeping the halls, sawing the wood, and
also held many other important and honor- attending the furnaces.  The habits of unable positions, which need not here be en- tiring industry which marked his youth and
umerated.  Hee has occasionally contributed  these days of his early manhood have adto the medical literature of the day, and  hered to him in his later career; and these,
always when anything new to the profession, conjoined with his strong devotion to his
and of apparent interest, attracted his notice. profession, his eminent ability in taking a
While a man of eminent talent and pro- diagnosis, and his quick perception in the
nounced ability in the profession  of his application of the proper remedies, have
adoption, he is nevertheless, in character and  brought him  an  enviable degree of sucdisposition, modest and retiring, leaving the  cess.
faithful labor of his life to attest his true    After graduating he commenced practice
merit.                                    in Brooklyn, and it is still the field of his
labors, embracing a very large and extended
patronage. He has filled many positions of
honor and trust, conferred upon him by the
INTON, HENRY, M. D., of Brook- suffrages of his fellow practitioners.  He has
lyn, N. Y., was born in Dover, repeatedly been chosen  President of the
Morris county, N. J., March 4th, Medical Society of King's County, ViceI83I.  He is the third son of  President of the State Medical Society, and
Major William  Minton, for many years well has long been a member of the American
known in manufacturing circles.  His early  Institute of Homceopathy; to the transactions
education was obtained at the village school, of which he has contributed many articles,
where he made excellent progress. Although  evincing a mind of deep thought and research
he early exhibited a fondness for the study  and a keen faculty of observation.  He was
of physiology and anatomy, yet he was so  for two years the associate editor of Ram's
largely endowed with a mechanical genius Record of HomzopotIzic Litel-atztre.  He is
that he was in due time apprenticed to I. P. the author of a work on the " Diseases of
Morris & Co., machinists, of Philadelphia. Women and Children," which has passed






HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANT`S AND  SURGEONS.                         473
through several editions, become a standard England, he came to this country with his
work, and added largely to his reputation, as wife and two children in the year I832. At
well as pecuniary benefit. The New York  this time the cholera was raging as an epiHomceopathic  Medical College and the  demic. Leaving his family in New York to
Clinical School of the Hahnemann Hospital pay a flying visit to Catskill, he returned to
of New York have each urged his acceptance  find his wife and one of his children dead
of the chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics; from this dreadful disease-already in their
but owing to his extensive practice and the  coffins, prepared for burial.  Overwhelmed
just claims of his patrons, he felt it to be his with grief, he returned with his remaining
duty to decline.  Dr. Minton founded, and is child to Catskill, where he became the pastor
Physician-in-chief to, the Brooklyn Homceo- of the Baptist Church of that place. While
pathic Lying-in Asylum, one of the noblest laboring here he met and married Maria S.
and most beneficent charities of the age. If  Perkins, daughter of a prominent gentleman
he had done no other work but this, it would  of that town, and who afterward became the
be of itself a monument of his enterprise and  mother of John W.
beneficence.                                HIe has stood for years at the head of the
It is a gratifying fact, however, known to  denomination, and is author of the celebrated
some extent to the profession, that he has in  work entitled " Dowling's History of Romancourse of preparation for the press a most ism."  For over forty years he has successvaluable work on "Obstetrics," and also one fully labored  and  preached  the  Gospel,
on the " Morbid Conditions of the Sexual holding pastorates in New York, PhiladelOrgans of Females," through the medium of  phia, Providence and Newport, R. I. Upon
which his large and varied experience and  leaving Catskill he accepted a call to the
his thorough knowledge of these subjects Tabernacle Baptist Church, of New York.
will be made available to them. Though  Here he remained for several years, during
Dr. Minton has been closely wedded to his which time his son was born. From here he
profession, and has regarded his duties aris: removed to Providence, R. I., to become the
ing from it as paramount to every other con- pastor of the First Baptist Church of that
sideration, yet he has gratified his early  town.  During his labors in Providence the
inclination for mechanical pursuits, during  degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon
his few leisure hours, by inventing several him by the Trustees of Brown University.
machines and instruments of practical value; From  here he removed to New York city,
among which may be mentioned a machine  where he labored not only as a pastor, but as
for cutting the pasteboard partitions so much  a powerful opponent of Popery.  lHaving
used by homceopathic physicians, and  a enjoyed a liberal college education in his
remarkably ingenious and valuable instru- own country, he became a formidable oppoment for vaccination.                      nent, and entered the list in public discussion
with the renowned Archbishop Hiughes, at
the same time penning  the " History of
Romanism," which obtained for him the
degree of D. D. from two celebrated theologOWLING, JOHN  -WILLIAM, ical seminaries.:This great work has been
M. D., of New York city, was through four editions, the last of which was
born in the city of New York, revised and carried up to the present time.
August I Ith, I837, and is the  It is now  the most complete history of
son of the Rev. John Dowling, A. M., D. D., Romanism  extant, and stands as an acwhose life is so replete with public interest knowledged authority.  On  leaving New
that we shall give a short sketch of it pre- York he removed to Philadelphia, succeedvious to our notice of his son.  Born in  ing the celebrated Dr. Stoughton as pastor



HOMCLOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           475
Medical Society at its last meeting.  The  by marlked success.  This institution was
doctor takes but little rest, but when he does also burned in the fall of I869, when he esdevote a short time to recreation, it is at his tablished himself in Chicago, and resigned
country seat at Lake George, where his the practice of medicine to engage in busifamily spend the greater portion of their ness matters connected with  real estate;
summers.                                   promoting through his means and influence
the growth of the great city of his adoption,
the metropolis of the West.
ROSS, JAMES ELDRIDGE, M.   From his long connection with all instituD., of Chicago, Ills., was born in  tions for the treatment of chronic diseases
North Bucksport, Me., July 3oth, his name is well known throughout the West.
1825.  He is the only sol of
Benjamin Gross, Esq., of that place, and
grandson of the late Benjamin Gross, a distinguished soldier of the revolutionary war.        ALE, AMORY, M. D., Rev., was
This latter had the honor of being present            born in Warwick, Mass., October
with General Washington at the memorable             Isth, I8oo.  His father, Major
passage of the Delaware, and also at the              Amory, was a man of sterling
surrender of the Hessian troops.           integrity and great influence.  His mother's
The subject of this notice was educated in, maiden  name was Lucinda Rich.   His
the Academy at Hampden, Me. After leav- grandfather, Jonathan, was a strong-minded,
ing that institution he commenced the study  exemplary man, and a revolutionary soldier.
of medicine under the tuition of Dr. Daniel Amory, Jr., attended the Chesterfield, N. H.,
McRuvi, of Bangor, Me. He pursued his and New  Salem, Mass., Academies; read
first course of medical lectures at Bowdoin  medicine with Drs. Taylor, of Warwick,
College, in 1847, and subsequently passed a  and Bachelor, of Royalston, Mass., attended
year in the office of Dr. Hamlin, of Boston. medical lectures at Dartmouth College and
During this period he enjoyed great advan- Brown University, and received his diploma
tages, as, by making daily visits to the Massa- from  Brown University in I824.. He had
chusetts General Hospital, he added greatly  intended to be a Liberal Christian minister,
to his practical knowledge of medicine. In  but was forced to desist from impaired health.
the fall of I849, he went to Philadelphia and  Though so ill, his constitutional tenacity
became a pupil of Professor A. E. Small, showed when, after Dr. Muzzy had refused
also attending lectures at the Homccopathic  the usual matriculating fee owing to  the
Medical College, where he graduated with  student's probable death, the latter outlived
distinction in the spring of I850. After re- his teacher.  He commenced practice with
ceiving his diploma he opened an office at Dr. Bachelor, at Royalston; remained a
Lowell, Mass., where he passed one year in  year, and removed to Barre, Mass.
very successful practice, when he was elected    In 1825, he married Martha, daughter of
Assistant Resident Physician of the Clifton  Perley and 1Hannah Leland, of Warwick-a
Springs Sanatorium, where he practised till lady of fine intellect and great moral worth;
I857. He then removed to the West and  benevolent, full of sympathies that made her
became proprietor of the Health Establish- life a benediction and blessing to all whom
ment at Yellow Springs, 0. This institution  she met. In all of his life she was truly her
he continued until I862, when it was de- husband's helpmeet, and co-operated with
stroyed by fire.  He then purchased the  him.
Green Mount Seminary buildings, remodelled    Dr. Gale practised allopathically at Barre,
them, and continued his Health Establish-  Mass., Amherst, N. H., and South Scituate,
ment until I867, his efforts being rewarded  Mass., and in the latter place studied theo



476                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPAEDIA  OF
logy with Rev. Samuel J. May, and was ally recognized him as one whose ministerial
ordained an Evangelist at Kingston, Mass., teachings had influenced and guided him in
in I844. After supplying the pulpit in various his youth, and paid a tribute to his worth as
towns, he had charge of the Unitarian So- direct and full as it was rare and eloquent.
ciety in Norton, Mass., four years, and was  His excellencies were commemorated at the
then unanimously called to Barnstable, but time in tributes by Rev. C. C. Sewall, Rev.
was soon forced to quit the ministry by an  Adin Ballon, and others who had known
attack of bronchitis. While in the ministry  him.
Dr. Gale was interested in the claims of
homeopathy by the conversations and practical success of his friend, Dr. Ira Barrows,       TOUT, HENRY RICE, M. D., of
then of Norton, now of Providence, R. I.              Chicago, Ills., was born in WestThe interest he gave to temperance, peace,            field, Chautauqua county, N. Y.,
freedom, and all subjects promising human             March I7th, I843.  He is the
amelioration, led him to examine this, and son of the Rev. Charles B. Stout, a wellhis examination led to belief and acceptance. known and much respected Episcopal clerAccordingly, when bronchial troubles forced  gyman of Chicago.  He was educated at
him from the pulpit, he commenced a critical Kenyon College, of Gambier, Knox county,
study, and soon began to practice at Woon- 0. After leaving college he engaged for a
socket, R. I., whence, after some years of  short time in business, and also served in the
hard labor in his profession, he removed to  United States Army during the last year of
East Medway, Mass. He ministered to both  the rebellion.  Being honorably discharged,
soul and body in his extensive circuit, and, he concluded to commence the study of
with unquestionable success in both depart- imedicine, a decision which did but confirm
ments, left a doubt in which he excelled. an earnest desire for the medical profession
He had an intuitional perception  of the  first: entertained while at college.
springs of disease, and guided by exceptional   In  i865, he entered the office of N. F.
knowledge of modes of treatment, succeeded  Cooke, M. D., of Chicago, as a student, and
where others failed; He carried a magnetic  subsequently took three courses of lectures at
atmosphere with him that filled every sick  the Hahnemann Medical College, where he
chamber, and was recognized as thoroughly  graduated with distinguished honor in the
capable, kind and honest.                  class of I868.  Soon after receiving  his
The crown of his life was his death.  Ex- degree he formed a partnership with Dr.
posure in I87I brought an illness from which  Cooke, his preceptor, which still continues.
he never recovered, and of which he died on    In I869, he married the eldest daughter of
February 20oth, I873, aged seventy-two years. D. C. Eddy, a prominent citizen of Chicago.
As he had consistently sought truth rather He has, among many other literary efforts,
than opinion, and fact instead of doctrine, compiled a widely known and justly celefrom boyhood, the long illness he experienced  brated domestic medical work entitled " Our
was soothed and glorified, not only with the  Family Physician," of which work nearly
warmest recognitions of all who had known  fifty thousand copies have already been sold.
him, but by those stronger inward assurances  He is a man of eminently studious habits,
that a Christian Spiritualist has.  He saw  high literary attainments, and great taste.
Death disarmed, and consoled his family in    He is a member of the American Institute
the confidence that his exchange was price- of Homceopathy of the State, the Microless gain. He was buried in Warwick, and  scopical Society of Illinois, and  also of
his funeral was attended by great numbers various other medical organizations, having
who knew his merits and reverenced his distinguished himself both as a scholar and
career. The attending clergyman accident- practitioner of the Hahnemannian system.






M- M,
-----------
C    l'



478                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPiEDIA  OF
years, receiving the highest honors of his  finishing a course of study with Dr. David
class. It was at this time his desire to study  Shepherd, he devoted a year to the study of
medicine, but his delicate health rendered  homeopathy, and then commenced practice,
out-of-door exercise essential, and he was in which he was very successful and very
obliged to forego his intention.  He pur- popular among his patients, and in which he
chased a large tract of land and engaged in  continued for ten years.  In I859, he enlumbering, but the enterprise proved unsuc- tered the Western Homeopathic College, at
cessful, and in 1851, he started for the West, Cleveland, O., and graduated February 28th,
stopping for a few months in Ohio. There I86i.
his wife, Susan Redfield-daughter of Hon.   In 1836, he married Miss Wallace.  Soon
James G. Redfield, of Delhi, N. Y. —whom   after he joined  the  Methodist Episcopal
he married in 1849, was taken seriously ill, Church, in which he still continues.  lie is a
and was given up by several prominent allo- member of the Ohio State Homceopathic
pathic physicians; in this extremity he pur-  Society, and belonged to the Western Homchased a homoeopathic work and commenced  ceopathic Society until it merged in the
studying the case himself; in fact, he not American. Since leaving Ohio he has paid
only studied, but treated it, and with such  no further attention there.  Hie is the only
success that she soon recovered, which com- homoeopathic physician in Moultrie county.
pletely converted him  to honmoeopathy.  He  The homoeopathic practice there is so new
then pursued his journey westward as far as that, excepting one in Mattoon, six miles
Illinois, where he engaged in agriculture for from  his residence, there is not a homoeoeight years. When the war broke out he  pathic physician within a circle of twenty or
recruited over one thousand men for different thirty miles. He has quite a good practice,
parts of the service; but as his own health  and intends and hopes to increase it, if strict
would not permit of his entering the field, he  attention to business, and faithful attendance
began in earnest the study of medicine, and  upon, and kindness to, the afflicted will proeventually graduated  at the  Hahnemann  duce that increase.
College in Chicago.  In 1862, he opened an
office in Appleton, Wis., and, with a large
and extensive practice, has proved one of the  i   ARSDEN, JOHN  HATTIN, A.
most successful physicians in the Northwest,          M., M. D., of York  Sulphur
winning and retaining the entire confidence           Springs, Pa., was born near New
of his patients.                                      Oxford, Adams county, Pa., September 25th, I 803.  His father, James Marsden, owned a large tract of land at the time
UTLER, WILLIAM STEPHEN, of his birth, and was engaged in agricultural
M. D., of Whitley's Point, Moul- pursuits until his death, in December, I82I.
trie county, Ills., was born Octo- In very early life Dr. Marsden's thoughts
her ioth, I813, near Akron, Sum- were turned to the medical profession, and
mit county, O. His father, Stephen Willis  after attending the best country schools acButler, served during the war of 1812, in the  cessible (and those were very defective), he
Ohio volunteers, and his grandfather, Stephen  commenced the study of Latin in the GettysButler, in the revolutionary army, witnessed  burgh Academy, under the tuition of Mr.
the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Cornelius Davis, an accomplished classical
At twenty-one years of ago he commenced  scholar, and a graduate of Columbia College,
carriage building, and drove that business  New York.  His studies were still further
several years.  In 1844, he began the study  prosecuted in the same institution, under the
of medicine under the direction of D. Shep-  direction of Rev. David McConoughey, D. D.,
herd, M. D., of the allopathic school. After afterwards for many years President of Wash



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           4 79
ington College.  In September, 1823, he  John Elliot, of Flatt-a farm  in Roxburghentered Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., and  shire, close to the English border, held by
graduated in September, I825, at Jefferson  the Elliot family, of the Dukes of Buccleuch,
College, Canonsburg, the duties appertaining  for the last four hundred years.  His ancesto the second honor having been assigned  tors are of mingled Norman and Saxon
him at the commencement. He subsequently  blood-the name being still common in Norreceived his degree of A. M. from the same  mandy-and they were always among the
institution, when, as yet, that college did not most turbulent of the border " moss troopers,"
confer it in course. After some years, in  so famous in song and story. He was eduwhich he officiated and labored  both as cated in the excellent private schools of
school teacher and clergyman, he entered  Edinburgh.  After leaving school he enand graduated at the Jefferson Medical Col- gaged in mercantile pursuits; but having a
lege, Philadelphia. For some time he dis- settled dislike to a commercial career, he
charged the duties of a physician with those  emigrated to Canada in the spring of I86I.
of the clerical profession; but his vocal He settled  near London, Canada West,
organs becoming still more debilitated, he  where he taught school.
gave up his charge, restricting himself thence-   In the spring of 1854, he was attacked
forward to occasional public speaking.     with very severe laryngitis, which eventually
About the year: I849, he tested homceo- prostrated him. In his extremity he called
pathy  carefully, and  with results which  in Dr. A. T. Bull, now of Buffalo, N. Y., and
finally converted. him.  He has contributed  in a month's time he was fully recovered.
somewhat extensively to the literature of  Although by training an allopath, this cure
homoeopathy in the Philadey/zhia yournal, determined him  to become a homeopathic
the Noor/h American yournal of Ioamwao- physician.  On August Ioth, I854, he enpathzy, the Hahknenzaznnian  Montlhly, the  tered Dr. Bull's office. In the following
Uniled S/alesMe(dical and Surgical 7ournal, October he proceeded to Philadelphia to
the American Homceqal/zhic Observer, and in  study in the oldest of the homceopathic
the published transactions of the State So- schools.  Here he had the benefit of the
ciety, etc.                               teachings, among others, of Williamson,
Ile believes himself to be the first to intro- Ward, Semple, Small, Gardener and Beakley.
duce the following remedies into homceo- The next spring he returned to his Canadian
pathic practice, viz.: apocymen can. as a home.
remedy for mennorhagia, permanganate of    The summer of I855 he devoted to teachpotassa for malignant diphtheria, the fungus  ing, and his leisure to his medical studies.
of wheat straw for relapsing ague, arsenite  In the fall he again returned to Philadelof copper for neurosis of the sympathetic  phia.  He now connected himself with the
system  of nerves, arnica for phlegmonous  Hahnemannian Medical Institute, and was
nasitis, and, perhaps, as an adjuvant; gentle  almost immediately  elected  Professor of
and equable compression in phlegmonoid  Materia Medica and Therapeutics, holding
erysipelas, which had gone on to suppuration, the position for two entire sessions.
and after the fluid had been evacuated.      In March, I854, he graduated, and by the
advice of Dr. William Springer, of Ingersoll,
he settled in Simcoe, county of Norfolk,
ICI-OL, THOMAS, M. D., of  Canada West. The field was most unpromMontreal, Canada, was born in  ising, not more than ten people in a populaEdinburgh, Scotland, April 26th, tion of twenty-six thousand being able even
I83I.  His father was the Rev. to define homceopathy; but he remained
Robert Nichol, a Presbyterian minister, and  there for eight years, and built up a large
his mother was Jeanie Elliot, daughter of  and remunerative practice, in great measure



HOMCEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                           483
He commenced the practice of medicine, his studies under the instructions of Drs.
according to the allopathic system, in his Teny and Sherman, attending a course of
native town, where he remained thus en- lectures in the meantime. In 1841, he regaged for one year.  Then, his attention  turned to St. Louis, Mo., where he attended
having been drawn  to the homceopathic  a second course of lectures and became a
method of treatment, he determined to inves- graduate of the  Medical Department of
tigate its merits; for which  purpose he  Kemper College. After two years of sucremoved to New York city and entered the  cessful practice in the vicinity of St. Louis,
office of Drs. Gray and Hull, at that time in  he went to Abingdon, Knox county, Ills.,
partnership.   Under their instruction he where he remained four years.  In May,
studied homceopathy, and, after being duly  I847, he was induced to go to Wisconsin, and
qualified, established himself as a practitioner soon built up an extensive practice.
of the new school, in Jersey City, in the year   In the autumn of 1848, he was led to in1847, in which place he has ever since re- vestigate homceopathy, became deeply imsided, in the enjoyment of a large and lucra- pressed with it, and in the fall of I849,
tive practice, which has placed him  in an  announced his intention to adopt its practice.
independent position.  He is the pioneer of  Thereupon his business declined; neverthehomceopathy in Jersey City, being the first less, convinced that homceopathy was the
physician of that school to practise there. true science of medicine, he struggled against
Being wholly absorbed with his professional the disfavor shown, and continued with close
duties, he has never sought honors, but they  application the study and investigation of the
have been thrust upon him.  He was elected  pathogenesis of drugs, and soon succeeded in
President of the State Homceopathic Society, making such application of his research as
and Physician to the Almshouse, which latter broucht him into prominent notice, and gradposition he held for five years. I-e is re- ually favor and increase of business followed.
garded as a leading physician in the coin-   In I866, he removed to California, where
munity where he resides.                   he soon established a large practice.  In
I870, he visited Chicago and other eastern
cities, and received from  the Hahnemann
Medical College his adeundem degree.
TEPHENS, PORTER, M. D., of
Napa City, Cal., was born at
Palmyra, Wayne county, N. V.,
February 5th, I817, where he             WAN, GEORGE  ELDRIDGE,
remained until the age of twelve years, and           of South Bend, Ind., was born
then removed with his mother and stepfather,          at Eden Valley, Erie county, N.
WV. O. Sherman, M. D., to Albion, Erie                Y., April 6th, I838.  His ancescounty, Pa., where he obtained an academic  tors were of Scotch birth, and came to Amereducation. At the age of nineteen he went ica over two hundred years ago, settled first
to Austinburg, O., intending there to com- in Connecticut, and thence removed to Midplete his education, but owing to failing  dlebury, N. Y. Having been brought up in
health was obliged to abandon his studies. the country, he was from his earliest youth
At the age of twenty he commenced active  trained to agricultural pursuits.  His educalife for his own support, and travelled to  tion up to the age of seventeen was received
Liberty, Clay county, Mo., where he entered  at the schools in the neighborhood of his
the office of Dr. Williams, an English physi- home.  Thirsting for knowledge, and desircian of high reputation, and commenced the  ing to become conversant with the sciences,
study of medicine. At the close of the year he, in I856-then at the age of eighteenhe returned to Erie county, Pa., and resumed  entered the Wyoming Academy, of Wyoming,



484                   BIOGRAPHICAIL  CYCLOPEDIA  OF
N. Y., and, the following year, Hillsdale  locate in the West, he selected Winnebago
College, Mich., where he remained three  as his permanent home, and has devoted
years, his study devoted to preparation for himself to his practice in that place for
the ministry. On leaving Hillsdale he ac- twenty years. He is now, though sixty-two
cepted the position of teacher in the Union  years of age, a very active and stirring man,
School of Fremont, 0.                      has raised a family of nine children, has a
In the fall of I862, circumstances led to  large circle of friends, and is a very strong
his relinquishment of his intention respecting  and earnest member of the Republican party.
the ministry, and induced the study of medicine. Having given the subject close attention and faithful investigation, he adopted the
Hahnemann system, and commenced a course            RAIN, ADNAH  KNIGHT, M.
of reading under the instruction of Dr. Bogg,         D., of Tontogany, O., was born
of Owasso, Mich., which was continued in              at Marshall, Mich., December
1864, under E. A. Lodge, M. D., of Detroit,           I7th, I845. Deprived of his paMich. During the following winter he at- rents at an early age, he' was tenderly cared
tended a course of medical lectures at the  for through the affectionate interest of his
Ann Arbor Medical College, also at the New  stepmother.  His tuition, up to the age of
York Homceopathic Medical College, where, fifteen, was received in the graded schools of
on February 28th, I866, he graduated with  the town of Marshall; from thence he was
high honor.                                sent to Kalamazoo, where, at the high school
He then removed to Newcastle, Henry  and college, he received greater advantages.
county, Ind., where he became the pioneer In I862, having completed his education, he
of the Hahnemann system, first introducing  entered the dry goods store of a friend of his
to that section of the country a practice  family.  In I864, he enlisted in the 9th
which, in its exceeding efficacy, soon won  Regiment Michigan Infantry, and was almost
for him extended patronage.                immediately appointed confidential clerk to
In I868, he located at Mount Vernon, O., the colonel in command.
where, in I870, he married Miss Mary Wood-    In the spring of I865, he refused a lieutenbridge, and shortly after settled at South  ant's commission in favor of the veterans,
Bend, Ind                                  whom he deemed more worthy on account
of longer service. While in the army he
devoted his entire leisure to mental culture.
OPELAND, PHILANDER, M.    Honorably discharged February, I867, he
D., of Winnebago, Ills., was born  returned to Michigan, and located in Moline,
in Bridgewater, Plymouth county, Rock Island county, Ills.  He there became
Mass., on March 6th, I8II.  He  a teacher in a private school of advanced
is a descendant of the old Plymouth stock. classes, and commenced the reading of medHe received an academic education at Bridge- icine under the instruction of E. W. Fish,
water and Taunton, and graduating subse-  M. D., with whom  during the war he had
quently chose the profession of a physician  formed an earnest friendship.  He shortly
as his own. His medical education was ob- was placed in charge of the Academic Detained at the Medical Department of the  partment of the High School of Moline.
University of Michigan, and in New York.   In I867, in company with Dr. Fish, he
In the last-named city he commenced his started for the West, and in Missouri acpractice, and after a time removed to western  cepted the position of State Medical Student
New York, where he attended to his profes- in the Missouri State Lunatic Asylum.  In
sional duties for over ten years, and where, the spring of I868, he removed to St. Louis,
also, he was married. In I853, desiring to  and there continued his studies, attending



488                    BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPZEDIA OF
filled the position of clerk in a store in the  physicians, he undertook his own case, and
city of Adrian.                             cured the white swelling after losing over
Having a distaste for business, and con- two hundred pieces of bone, as well as the
cluding to adopt the profession of medicine, hip disease; but now a new foe assailed him
he entered the office of L. M. Jones, M. D., in the form of consumption, and he devoted
of Brooklyn, Mich., and there continued as several years to the task of freeing himself
student during the space of two years, when  from  its grasp.  He had obtained a few
he entered upon his college course by attend- books, formerly belonging to his father, upon
ing the lectures of the Homceopathic Hospi-  the botanic theory; but owing to his inability
tal College during the terms of I867-'68-'69; to purchase, and want of access to any library
in I869, he received his degree of M. D., M. containing such works, he could not pursue
H. S., having graduated with high distinc- his investigations further in that direction.
tion.  Immediately after receiving his di-  He entered the office and drug store of an
ploma he entered into partnership with L. M. allopathic physician, and after the lapse of
Jones, M. D., of Brooklyn, which continued  some time, contrary to his own desire, he
for three years.                             was pressed into service as a practitioner.
In October, I869, he married Ella Jones, He met with so great success, and his practhe eldest daughter of his partner.  In I872, tice so increased, that he felt himself physihe removed to Toledo, and thence to Tecum-  cally unfit for so arduous and active a work.
seh, Mich., a desirable village containing  He then removed to another locality and
about three thousand inhabitants.  He has resumed teaching.  After that he engaged in
at Tecumseh established a large and growing  farming, but during the prevalence of diphpractice, his marked ability as a homceo- theria in his neighborhood, it was discovered
pathist being fully recognized.  His talents, that he had a knowledge of medicine, and he
decision of character, and Christian spirit was again impressed into the service.  It
have won for him staunch friends and a wide- was during the progress of this epidemic
spread reputation for moral worth and use- that he became aware of the value and power
fulness.                                     of homceopathic remedies by observing their
effects in the hands of a homceopathist. He
then studied it carefully himself, and applied
UELL, A. W., M. D., of New  it in practice to his own great satisfaction and
Bloomington, Marion county, O., the benefit of his patients.  He now began to
was born near Millersport, Fair-  follow disease from  place to place, and lafield county, O., June 9th, I830. bored almost incessantly in the midst of
He is a son of Hiram  Buell, M. D., who  almost every epidemic within his reach. He
was a distinguished botanic physician, and a  discovered most of his patent medicines during
grandson of Joseph Buell, a native of Eng- his treatment of himself, and he has sold
land.  His mother died of Asiatic cholera, many thousands of dollars worth of them.
September 8th, I834, and this misfortune  Ie is extensively engaged in mercantile and
was followed by the loss of his father at the  literary pursuits, and has held nearly every
age of eight and a half years.  Cast upon the  important office in the village, where he has
world a penniless orphan, his condition was  accumulated quite a large amount of prorendered more helpless, at the age of nine  perty.
and a half years, by an attack of hip disease    He lost his wife on the 5th of March,
and white swelling.  For thirteen years he  I864.  His daughter and eldest child is
spent from  one-fourth to one-half his time  married, and he and his two sons live toupon his back, or upon crutches, and yet he  gether.  His house is a favorite resort for
supported himself and fitted himself to teach. young and old of both sexes, and the doctor
Finding no relief or encouragement from his  is generally as sprightly and vivacious as



HOMECEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                          489
any of his young friends.  He is a class rents, being of delicate health, died at an early
leader in the Methodist Episcopal Church, age-his father at thirty-five and his mother
and a warm  advocate of the temperance  at forty-leaving him as the only surviving
cause. He has taken the field as a lecturer member of a family of four.  His parents
in the interest of temperance, using all the  were eminent for their piety, and his father
time he can possibly spare from his other was for a large part of his life an elder in the
business.  He is very peculiar in some re- Second Presbyterian Church of Auburn, N. Y.
spects, and now positively declines to answer    Dr. Hollett's early education was acquired
any call, except in hopeless cases, requiring  at Sonora Academy, under the supervision
extraordinary skill, or in those of great of his cousin, Professor W. W. Runyan.
urgency, where other physicians cannot be  While attending school, and at the age of
obtained in time.  He has not charged a seventeen, he enlisted and helped to raise a
professional fee for nine years, and has never company of volunteers, composed mostly of
lost a case in his whole practice, though  the students of the institution.  One of the
hundreds have been committed to his care; teachers — Professor Nathan Crosby —was
very many of them after they had been given  elected captain, and the company was musup by all others. The doctor himself, how- tered into the United States, service in Sepever, has never taken the credit of his great tember, I864.  They were attached to the
success to his own personal ability or great I89th Regiment New York Volunteers, and
skill; he is never heard to speak of it unless took part in the historic battles of Hatcher's
interrogated, when he invariably attributes  Run, Five Forks and Appomattox, besides
most of his good fortune to what some term  others of less importance.  After the war the
good luck.  His own language is: "In all regiment returned  to Washington, where
this I recognize only the hand of Provi- they took part in the grand review, after
dence."  Yet there is a peculiarity in his which they were mustered out of the service
career as a medical man which to some. at Elmira, N. Y., June 9th, I865.  He, imyoung practitioners may be worthy of atten- mediately after his discharge, commenced
tion-he has never seemed to have any de- the study of medicine under the supervision
sire or any object in the practice of medicine  of the late H. S. Benedict, M. D., of Corning,
except the preservation of a clean record and  Steuben county, N. Y., and graduated at the
a clear conscience; consequently, without Homnceopathic Medical College of Pennsylregard to the feelings or opinions of others, vania in March, I869. He was also made a
he in every instance has absolutely refused to  Fellow of the Hlahnemannian Medical Institreat any case, either as a family physician or tute of Philadelphia, and during the session
as counsel, that he knew to be hopeless.   of I868-'69, conducted the quiz of the chair
of Obstetrics.  Soon after receiving his degree, he located at Havana, Schuyler county,
N. Y., where he has built up a practice equal
OLLETT, ARTHUR P., M. D., to that of any physician in the county. He
of Havana, Schuyler counity, N. was instrumental, with others, in organizing
Y., was born in Geneva, Ontario  the Schuyler County Homceopathic Medical
county, N. Y., April IIth, I847. Society, and is at present its delegate to the
His father, Richard T. Hollett, an editor State Medical Society, and also Secretary.
and publisher, was of English descent; the  In I869, he was made Honorary Member of
family coming from  England about the year the Steuben County Homneopathic Medical
I790, and settling in Delaware, near Smyrna. Society, and at the annual meeting for 1873
His mother, Margariet C. Bruce, was of  of the New York State Homceopathic MediScotch descent, her parents coming from  cal Society, was elected one of the delegates
Scotlandmwhen she was quite young. His pa- to the  Pennsylvania  State  Homceopathic



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                495
tions and one remedy at a time, has met raging.  In California he displayed skill in
with the most marked success.               combating the same disease.
Having returned East, he, in 1857, located,_____.~.  -            at Cincinnati, O., where he remained until,
in I858, induced by the Hon. William  L.
ARDENSTEIN, A. O. H., M. D., Sharkley, he removed to Jackson, Miss., and
of Vicksburg, Miss., was born in  there became the pioneer of homceopathy.
Greece, January 12th, 1807.  His  lie thence removed to Vicksburg, where he
father was by birth a German, and  has established a large practice.
a man of large and varied culture; his mother    His refinement and amiability have won
a Grecian lady of proud and ancient lineage. for him the esteem and affection of his paAt an early age he was placed at the best trons, as well as of a large circle of friends.
schools, successively at Berlin, Bonn, and  He is one of the few living scholars of the
Marsburg, where he received  a classical great Hahnemann.
education.  In the Medical Department of
the University of Berlin he became a graduate of the allopathic system of practice.
In 1828, his first duties led him to Russia        I UENY, B. F. A., M. D., of Metato study the treatment of cholera, and a full           mora, Ills., was born in Elzy,
investigation of the system  of allopathy ap-           France, December 22d, 1842.
plied to the disease proved that more than              His parents  removed  to  the
seventy-five per cent. of the cases were fatal. United States in I843, and having settled in
While in Russia he was first led to investi- the West, finally purchased a farm twentygate the theories of homceopathy by close  six miles beyond Chicago, to which they
Observation of cures wrought by the skill of a  went in the same year, and there remained
lady, the wife of a missionary and a pupil of  until I848, when they located in Napierville,
Hahnemann.  Astonished at her wonderful Du Page county, Ills., thirty miles from
success in the treatment of cholera, he, on  Chicago; thence removing to Lockport, Ills.
his return to Prussia, became a student of  His early education was limited to occasional
Hahnemann, and thoroughly impressed with  tuition in the different towns above menfaith in the new school, surrendered his allo- tioned.
pathic theories of practice, and with all zeal   In 1854, he was deprived by death of his
adopted the Hahnemann system.               mother, and owing to this circumstance his
In 1830, desiring to see the world, he for youth was greatly neglected, and but little or
five years extended his travels over Egypt, no educational advantages afforded him, and
Asia Minor, Persia, Afghanistan; also in  he was therefore obliged to depend for inSouth America and Mexico.  In i836, he  struction upon the close study to which all
settled in New Orleans.  In 1840, through  his leisure time was strictly devoted.  In
the persuasion of friends, he removed to  I86-i-then at the age of eighteen-he went
Kentucky, and there, in 1845, distinguished  to Chicago, and there enlisted in the United
himself by his treatment of typhoid pneu-  States Army as a member of Company M,
monia, then an epidemic.  The same year 2d United States Artillery.
he married Miss H. E. Haven, of Cincin-   lie remained in service until September,
nati, 0.                                     i864, when he was honorably discharged,
In 1849, concluding to visit California, he  having served three years and  fought in
started West over the plains.  He was de- thirty-two battles.  In the same year he martained in his journey at St. Joseph, where, ried Mary A. Wank, of Lemont, Ills., and
with infinite success, he administered to the  immediately commenced the study of allomany attacked by the cholera epidemic then  pathy, to which he applied himself closely



496                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOP.EDIA  OF
during two years, when, dissatisfied with the  Manhattan and New  York Eye and Ear
old school system of practice, he removed to  Infirmaries, and the Ophthalmic Hospital.
Peoria, Ills., and there, under the instruction    He went to Chicago and opened an office
of James M. Evans, M. D., a distinguished  there on the Ist of January, I87I.  He was
practitioner and high-minded man, he en- appointed Lecturer on Diseases of the Eye
tered upon the study of homceopathy.       and Ear at the Hahnemann  College of
His means being small, he meanwhile  Chicago, and commenced lecturing in the
continued his business vocations for the  spring term of I87I.  Since that time he has
space of four years, giving all his leisure to  filled that chair, and, at the close of the
medical reading and study.  Having com- winter term of I872-'73, was made Professor
pleted a course of lectures at the Hahnemann  of Eye and Ear Surgery.  He has charge of
Homceopathic Medical College of Chicago, the Eye and Ear Department of the Hahnehe returned to Peoria, where for a brief time  mann Hospital, and is the Eye and Ear
he practised medicine, and then removed to  Surgeon to the Foundlings' Home.  He is a
Metamora, Ills., where he became the pioneer regular contributor to the United States MAediof the homceopathic system of practice.    cal and Snzt-gical yournal of Chicago, and
ophthalmic editor of the Vfedrical Investigfa/or
— 004 —                j of Chicago.
OODYATT, W. H., M. D., Professor of Eye and Ear Surgery            UDLONG, JOHN  CLARKE, M.
at Hahnemlann Medical College              D., of Centre Dale, R. I., was
of Chicago, Ills., was born at             born at Cranston, R. I., August
Brantford, in the Province of Ontario, Can-           28th, I836.  His ancestors were
ada, on the I2th of September, I846. After among the followers of Roger Williams, who,
receiving his school education in his native  revolting from the rigid and gloomy laws of
town, he entered the office of the Montreal the "Blue Book" of Massachusetts, founded
Telegraph Company.  He improved his op- the State of Rhode Island, under the convicportunities so well that he speedily became a  tion that no civil 1erler  has atzthorily topreskilful operator, and in I865, when only  scribe, enjoin or reglnate redlhious belief
about nineteen years of age, was made the    After obtaining the rudiments of education
manager of the Company's office in Kingston, in his native village, he entered the Fruit
Ontario, one of the five cities in Canada. Hill Classical Institute, and afterwards beWhile in that position he had considerable  came a student in the Smithville Institute,
leisure time, which was devoted to the study  where he finally graduated with honors. In
of medicine.  In the summer of I867, he  I856, he placed himself under the tuition of
returned to Brantford and entered the office  his brother-in-law, Dr. Sawin, who enjoyed
of Dr. H. C. Allen, who was then Professor a high reputation, and, in I857, entered the
of Anatomy at Cleveland College.  He took  Homceopathic College of Pennsylvania.  At
the first course of lectures at Cleveland Col- the end of the course he returned home, and
lege that winter, and at the close remained  was not able to renew his studies in Philain Cleveland with Dr. H. F. Biggar, then  delphia till I862, when he completed them,
Adjunct to the Professor of Surgery, but who  obtaining his degree March 3d, I863. Durwas made Professor of Anatomy before the  ing the winters of I857 and I863, he also
next session.                              attended the clinics at the  Pennsylvania
He graduated in the spring of I869, and  Hospital and at the Philadelphia Almshouse.
went to New York to make a special study  After graduating he was tendered and acof the diseases of the eye and ear; he spent cepted the assistant charge of the College
his time there between Knapp's Ilospita!, Dispensary.  Intending to settle in Philadel



HOMCOOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                             497
phia, he opened an office in that city; but, years, when she entered  Mount Holyoke
on the breaking out of the civil war, felt it Seminary, at South H-adley, where she finhis duty to return to his native State to take  ished her school days. Previous to entering
part in the military movements then being  Mount Holyoke Seminarly, she taught during
organized.                                 a summer term in a district school, and was
In July, 1863, he enlisted in the 3d Regi- not sufficientlyinterested in teaching to make
ment of Rhode Island Cavalry, and, immedi- that pursuit her life work.  She had a preately afterwards, was appointed  Assistant ference for the study of medicine, and yet
Surgeon to that regiment, and subseqluently  indulged no hope of undertaking it, as the
promoted to the rank of Surgeon.  His regi-  doors of the profession were not then open
ment sailed for New Orleans at the end of  to her sex; nevertheless, she often declared
December, I863, and took part in the Red  she would be a doctor if she was a man.
River campaign, during which he was ap- At length, when about twenty years old,
pointed Brigade Surgeon, which position he  learning  that women were entering upon
held with much credit till promoted to be  medical study and practice, she resolved to
Division Surgeon in charge of the general follow the inclination she had hitherto hope
hospital.  He remained with the army, sys- lessly cherished; but, at a great sacrifice of
tematizing and arranging matters relating to  time and  opportunity, she postponed  the
the Medical Bureau, till December, 1865, commencement of preparation for her chosen
when he was honorably discharged.          occupation for two years, yielding to the
Returning to his native State, he immedi- wishes of her father, to whom the idea of a
ately commenced practice in partnership with  woman doctor was altogether new, and no
his b-other-in-law  and late preceptor, Dr. less absurd, not to say revolting.  He having
Sawin, till i868, when the latter removed to  afterwards become more nearly reconciled to
Providence and he retained the whole prac- his daughter's preferences, she, when twentytice for himself.  In I866, he married Miss two years of age, commenced her medical
Martha A., daughter of the late Professor studies with Dr. Aaron Bassett, an eclectic
Walter Williamson, of Philadelphia.        physician, then and still practising in Barre,
He is a member of the American Institute  Mass.  By the sickness and death of her
of Homeopathy, and is appointed by that mother, which called her to the discharge of
body to represent his native State in the  the noble and ennobling duties of a daughter,
forthcoming Centennial Homceopathic Con- and bound her for another season to her
gress, to be held in Philadelphia.  He is father's household, she was prevented from
also a zealous member of the Episcopal  attending lectures till i866, when she entered
Church, of which he has been for years a the New England Female Medical College,
vestryman.                                 at Boston, where she graduated in i868,
choosing that city as the place of her settlement and the scene of her professional toils.
ASTINGS, CAROLINE ELIZA,  Here she has steadily devoted herself to
M. D., of Boston, Mass., was business for a period of five years, and with
born  on April 2Ist, 1841, in  very good success and encouragement.  She
Barre, Mass.  Her father's nlame  is steadily gaining in general practice, and
was Emery Hastings, and Mary Bassett was has the full confidence of her patrons and
the maiden name of her mother, who was a professional friends.  Being the appointed
native of Norton, Mass. The Hastings and  physician to that moral life-boat on the
Bassetts are of ancient families, both of which  stormy sea of social evils, the New England
are still numerously represented.          Moral Reform Society-an institution for the
Dr. Hastings attended school in her native  reclaim of fallen girls-she has very considplace until she reached the age of sixteen  erable opportunities of experience in obstet32



HOMICEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                               499
though now in his eighty-fifth year, is still in  fled with his profession, and  never fully
good health.  His mother, though of English  believing in homceopathy as an exchtsiove
parentage, was born in Lancaster county, Pa., guide in medicine, he gave up his practice,
and lived with his father in married life fifty- and, in I868, invested considerable capital,
five years.  He removed with his parents to  accumulated in Alton, in real estate in ChiIllinois when only ten years old, where he  cago.  This venture proved so successful
attended  the various public  and  private  that he is now independent, and no longer
schools of the neighborhood, subsequently  feels the necessity of active practice. During
entering Knox College of that State, where he  the great fire which burnt Chicago, October
graduated with honors, receiving the degree  8th and 9th, 1871, he was greatly exposed,
of A. M. at that institution.  He now com-  receiving a severe shock to his nervous sysmenced the study of medicine in the office of  tem, from which he has not yet fully recovDr. John Babcock, at Galesburg, Ills., an  ered, although he is gradually gaining strength
early believer in homceopathy.  He attended  and is able to travel.
two full courses of lectures in the Medical
Department of the University of Michigan,
where he graduated in I853.  He then immediately located at Canton, Ills., where he j  S-    OHNSON, PERRY E., M. D., of
secured a good practice.  In 1855, he went              Jacksonville, Fla., was born is
to Philadelphia to have the advantage of                Erie  county, N. Y., July  3d,
hospital and clinical practice, where he also           I826.  He is the second son of
attended lectures at the Homceopathic Medi-  Ira Johnson, of Canton, Ills.  His mother
cal College and the Pennsylvania Medical was Mary M. Perry, of the  Commodore
College, in both of which institutions he took  Perry family.  His father is a successful and
the degree of M. D.  In 1856, he returned  highly respected agriculturist. The subject
to Illinois, settling in Quincy, where, though  of this sketch, tiring of the labors of the farm,
making many valued fi-iends, his business  which had shut him out front school advanwas not satisfactory, and he only remained  tages, left the paternal roof when nineteen
about two years.  After looking about for years of age.  His literary education was
some time, and practising a few months in  commenced in the Princeton, Illinois, Acacompany with  Dr. George  W. Foote, at demy, where, after one year's training, he
Kewanee, Henry county, Ills., he married  was advised by his teacher to go to GalesLizzie A. Hudnutt, daughter of Dr. Hud- burg, Ills., and  prepare  for entering  the
nutt, of Mount Morris, N. Y., and in I859, Freshman'Class of Knox College.  He ensettled at Alton, Ills., where his wife died in  tered the class of 1848.  Before the close of
i86o.  Here, in due time, he obtained as his collegiate course a severe epidemic of
much practice as he could attend to.        typhoid fever broke out in the locality of the
In I862, he was appointed Pension Sur- college; he, with a number of his schoolgeon, holding that office till I867, when he  mates, had the fever; many died.  During
resigned.  In i862, he was also appointed, his sickness he was treated by Dr. John Babby President Lincoln, Surgeon in the Provost cock, one of the earliest Western pioneer
Marshal's office for the examination of volun-  homceopaths.  His life was saved by the use
teers, recruits and drafted men —an office he  of the infinitesimal doses, but his sickness
held till the close of the war, in  I865. lost him his college year.  Already weary of
Though much occupied by his official duties, teaching school-his means of support and
by working early and late he managed to  of study-he resolved to abandon his college
retain his private practice.  In I867, he re-  course, and entered Dr. Babcock's office as a
turned to Quincy, where he enjoyed a lucra-  medical student.
tive business.  But never feeling quite satis-    From  the first he has shown himself a



HOMCLOPAIIIC  PHYI-SICIANS  AND  SURGEONS.                         501
elected by a handsome majority, although an  his life of labor and exposure his health beold school physician was his opponent, and  came so much impaired as to compel him to
the entire allopathic faculty, irrespective of  relinquish his practice and remove farther
party affiliations, opposed his election.  He  south, where he engaged in other business, alwas also elected Physician to the Denver though he still devoted much time to medical
City Dispensary, and is one of its managers. reading.  Upon the recovery of his health
In I868, he was elected a corresponding  his attention was drawn to homceopathy, and,
member of the Academy of Science of St. much impressed by the Hahnemann system
Louis; in I869, he received the honorary  of practice, he concluded to adopt its study,
degree from the Homceopathic Medical Col- and, in I865, left home, wife and family in
lege of Missouri; the same year he was pursuit of further knowledge.  At Chicago
elected a member of the American Institute  he entered the Hahnemann Medical College,
of Homceopathy; in I871, the honorary de- and after the usual curriculum, graduated
gree was conferred upon him by the St. Louis with distinction. He then returned home to
College of Homceopathic  Physicians and  Minnesota, and soon gained a large practice.
Surgeons, and in 1872, he became the first In I868, he removed to Quincy, Ills., and
corresponding member of the Homcmopathic  although obliged  to  contend  against the
Medical Society of Pennsylvania.           strong opposition and prejudice of the profession and community, he has nevertheless
succeeded in gaining extended confidence,
and enjoys a fine practice.
10_  OCH, J. W., M. D., of Quincy,
Ills., was born on the French
border of the Rhine river, April
6th, I828.  His father-KarlKoch-served under the first Napoleon with     [     OMSTOCK,  THOMAS  GRISdistinction.  At the age of sixteen he left           WOLD, M. D., M. A. O., of St.
home with his worldly possessions tied in a           Louis, Mo., was born in Le Roy,
handkerchief and about two dollars in his             Genesee county, N. Y., July 27th,
pocket.  On foot he journeyed the long dis- I828.  His parents were both natives of
tance to Frankford-on-the-Main, and by ear- Lynn, Conn.  He removed to St. Louis in
nest exertion obtained admission to the Sen-  I847, and studied medicine under the late
kerberger Stift, a free academical institute. Dr. J. V. Prather. Afterwards entering the
Here he found a home in the family of the  Medical Department of the St. Louis Unidistinguished Jacob Berthing, M. D., an  versity, he obtained his degree of M. D. on
army surgeon under the first Napoleon. For March Ist, I849.  Immediately after graduhis usefulness he received his board, also one  ating he commenced the study of homceothaler per month.  His application and suc- pathy, and began to practise it in the autumn
cess were so manifest while here that he was of 1850.  In the winter of I851, he went to
admitted at the academy as a private pupil, Philadelphia, attended lectures and graduand was also entrusted with a share of private  ated at the Homoeopathic Medical College
as well as hospital surgery.               of Pennsylvania.  Returning to St. Louis he
In this capacity he continued his studies resumed practice with such success that he
from  I846 to I85I, and was then drafted  had little rest day or night.
into the army for six years' service.  He    Early in I855, he went to Europe, where
escaped from the army, and within less than  he remained two years, studying medicine
a year emigrated to America.  He located in  under the ablest professors in Vienna, and
Minnesota, then a newly settled country, and  visited most of the great capitals, and obtained
there practised for fourteen years. Through  from the University of Vienna, after a rigid



502                   BIOGRAPHICAL CYCLOPEDIA OF
examination, the degree of M. A. O.-A-agis-    Being dissatisfied with what he deemed the
fer Artis Obstetriciaw —being the first Ameri- erroneous principles of allopathy, he tempo.
can to pass an  examination  before that rarily abandoned the practice of medicine,
faculty.                                   resorting to the study of languages. Among
In I857, he returned to St. Louis, resum- other works that came under his notice was
ing his practice with even greater success the " Organon" of Hahnemann, from which
than before.  He was appointed Professor he obtained much new light, and became a
of Midwifery in the Homceopathic College  convert to the new  doctrine.  He studied
of Missouri, also in the St. Louis College of  homceopathy in St. Louis, where he graduHomoeopathic  Physicians  and  Surgeons, ated in i868, and since that time he has
which positions he retained for several years, exclusively practised the new system.
and has been Senior Attending Physician at   In I862, he accepted an appointment as
the Good Samaritan Hospital for the past Examining Surgeon in the militia.  He has
thirteen years.  During the late war he re- been much interested in politics, having been
ceived but declined the appointment of Sur- actively engaged in them whenever occasion
geon of the First Division of Enrolled Militia  offered.  The cause of education was also
of Missouri.  In I862, he married Miss very dear to him, and fiom I862 to I865, he
Eddy, of St. Louis.                        held the office of School Director in St.
Dr. Comstock has always been a very hard  Louis. In I854, he was married, and has
student.  He is an accomplished surgeon, now a large family.
and as a practitioner has been one of the    He has for many years occupied the chair
most successful in St. Louis.  His practice  of Theory and Practice and Diseases of
is very large and remunerative; and though  Children, in the Homceopathic College of
for the past four years he has always been  St. Louis. For these positions his abilities,
absent during the summer, he can invariably  acquirements and experience qualify him in
resume his former position on his return. an eminent degree, and have rendered him
For several years past he has made obstetrics  justly popular among his fellow practitioners
and diseases of women and children rather and the entire community.
a specialty.                                 Though somewhat past the middle age, he
still retains the perseverance, self-denial, and
studious habits of his youth, by which he has
ONZELMAN, JOHN, M. D., of  been enabled to acquire eight or nine lanSt. Louis, Mo., was born in Ger- guages. In the years 1856-'57, he published,
many, in the district of Balingen, in the town of Hermann, Mo., a German
Wurtemberg, June  I9th, I823. homceopathic semi-monthly journal, at his
Though of limited means, his parents were  own expense; and in the years I868-'69, he
highly respectable, his father being a pros- published the  fomeneopptalzic  Incdepenzdrent,
perous farmer and also Mayor of a small under the auspices of the homceopathic
town. Among his ancestors he counts the  faculty of St. Louis.
celebrated Gortz von Borlichingen, who flourished in the first half of the sixteenth century.
His primary education was received at the
common schools of his native town. He               UIH, GEORGE  BRIGHT, M.
received instruction in the higher branches           D., of Hannibal, Mo., was born
at a private institute, at a gymnasium  at            in Washington County, Pa., AuStuttgard, and the University of Tubingen.            gust 3ISt, 1823, and is of ScotchHis medical education was continued in  Irish and English descent.  He received a
England, France, Holland and America.      common schcol education and learned the



504                   BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPzEDIA  OF
the languages and mathematics.  In 1845, he         ARLOW,  SAMU EL   BANcommenced the study of medicine with Dr.              CROFT, M. D., of the city of
A. P. Lord, and in I846, went to Cincinnati           New York, was born April Igth,
and placed himself under the instruction of           I798, in the town of Granville,
Professor George Mendenhall of that city. Hampshire county, Mass.  Having received
He attended  the  colleges at Cleveland, a good common school education, in I812 he
Columbus and Cincinnati-six consecutive  prepared for college at the private academy
courses in all-graduating at the Starling  of Rev. T. M. Cooley. From IS14 to I817,
Medical College in I850, and receiving the  he taught school, meanwhile studying history
adeundem degree, in I854, from the College  and botanic medicine, though previously to
of Medicine and Surgery in Cincinnati. After this he had familiarized himself with medical
practising allopathy until I857, his attention  subjects in a regular and systematic manner.
was drawn to homeopathy by a newspaper He had commenced to practice as early as
controversy with a member of that school. I814, and had learned to cure neurosis by
One of the articles which he wrote gave so  specific medicines. In June, Ig89, he entered
much satisfaction to his allopathic brethren  the office of Dr. Vincent Holcombe as a regthat he was requested to make a more thor- ular student, possessing his entire confidence
ough investigation of the subject, and to -and assisting him  almost from  the first in
expose the fallacies of homeopathy.  With  practice.  After two years he chose Dr.
this view he commenced the study of homceo- Joseph F. Jewett, of Granby, Conn., as his
pathy, securing the best authorities on the  preceptor, and thence matriculated at the
subject.  The issue was not what he had  Medical Institute of Yale College, and passed
anticipated; for, like all other scientific men  a creditable examination for his degree in
who have carefully investigated it, he soon  March, 1822.
became convinced of its truth, and honestly    He immediately commenced the practice
confessed before the public his conversion to  of his profession, in which he had eminent
the new system, and-to use his own expres-  success, remaining in New  England until
sive words —" made his' declaration of inde-  1834, in which year he received the honorary
pendence' of the old school in the same  degree of M. D. from the Berkshire (Massapaper in which he had lampooned homoeo- chusetts) Medical College.  His next sphere
pathy before."  He has travelled and lec- of duty was in Florida, Goshen county, N. Y.,
tured on homceopathy, discussing the subject where he remained for seven years. During
" with all comers," especially with allopathic  his residence in this town (in the autumn of
physicians.                                1837), having been converted to the doctrines
During the war he was sent to the South  of Hahnemann, he was the first to practise
as Special Surgeon to look after thewants of  according to those tenets, and met with great
the sick and wounded in the hospitals; and, success. Whenever doubtful about any imaccording to the report made by the Medical portant matter, he elicited information of
Director, made the best and most correct great value by correspondence with Drs. F.
report that had been forwarded upon the  Vanderbergh, A. Gerald  Hull, and  Cursubject.                                  tiss.
While he was an allopathic physician he    In I841, he removed to New York city,
was a member, and at different times Censor, and has resided there ever since. During
Vice-President and President of the Central the cholera epidemic-May to November,
Ohio Medical Association, and was chosen  I849-he had more cases than any other
to represent that Society in the National private physician of any school.  Out of two
Medical Association. He is at present editor hundred and fifty cases h'e lost but five; the
of the Weslte,- Independent, and engaged in  rate of mortality being only two per cent.
the practice of medicine.                  Other homceopaths averaged six and a quar



HOMCEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.                                5o5
ter per cent., while by allopathic treatment         RIGHIAM, REEDER  S, M. D.,
the mortality was over fifty-four per cent., as         of Cairo, Ills., is a native of
conceded by the published reports of city               Bradford county, Pa., where he
authorities.                                            was born on the I6th of June,
IIe has been a member of all the various  I832.  The very moderate means of his
societies and associations of the new school father, who was a fariner, would not permit
during his residence in New York, and has his son's wishes for an early classical educacontributed not only pecuniary means, but tion to be followed out, but by dint of. the
also cases, essays and monographs on medi-  small advantages held out by the common
cal subjects.  He was one of the original school, supplemented by hard study in leisure
founders and members of the American In- hours, he so far prepared himself as to pass a
stitute of Homceopathy.                     satisfactory examination previous to admisIn I850, he imported from South America  sion into Dickinson College, at Carlisle, Pa.,
some of the poison termed " woorara," as at the age of nineteen years.  For some time
prepared and used by the natives to poison  after leaving that seminary he was occupied
the tips of their arrows, so as to enable them, in teaching school, intending at some future
in times of war, by striking their enemies to  day to devote himself to the study and pracparalyze their limbs and render them easy of  tice of the law; but upon recognizing the
capture.  Dr. Barlow has successfully used  fact that law and politics wvere almost always
this article in the cure of paralysis, especially  inseparably connected as regards a country
among the aged.  He has also devised a  practitioner, and as this latter adjunct had no
mode of treating intermittent fever, or rather charms for him, he changed his plans, and
of preventing its attack, by removing the  resolved to adopt the profession of medicine.
proximate  cause-the chill-and has suc-  Accordingly, in 1856, he attended a course
ceeded in very many instances.  He believes  of lectures in the Ohio Medical College, an
he originated this method, though Dr. Hering  allopathic institution.
claims it as original.  He has also devised a    During the war of the rebellion Dr. Brigplan of treatment in fractures of aged per- ham was enlisted on the side of the Union,
sons, without splints or bandages, and has  and was promoted to the rank of Acting
successfully followed this method for over Assistant Surgeon, serving  in the United
forty years.                                States Navy for the period of one year.
In November, I863, he was elected Pro-   I-Iaving formed the acquaintance of Dr. L,
fessor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics  Grosmuck, of Fort Scott, Kansas, he changed
in the New  York Homceopathic Medical his views, and shortly after entered the HomCollege, and lectured therein for eight years. ceopathic Medical College of Missouri, whence
These lectures are now being translated into  he obtained his degree of M. D., and since
the Armenian language by a native of that this time he has been successfully engaged in
country, in the city of Constantinople.     the practice of his profession, mostly in the
Dr. Barlow  has written  and  published  neighborhood of Cairo, Ills., to which city he
much for over sixty years on various subjects. removed in the year I868.
He has been also the recipient of medical    Dr. Brigham is strictly temperate in all his
honors from  several homceopathic colleges, habits, and has ever been a hard student,
including those of Philadelphia and Cleve-  earnestly endeavoring, as far as lay in his
land, beside the diploma of the Eclectic  power, to extend the great blessing of homCollege of Cincinnati.                      ceopathy to his fellow men.  He has occaIn July, i868, he was sun-struck, since  zionally contributed original articles to the
which time he has suffered from paralysis, several medical journals, etc., which have atinduced by an apoplectic or comatose condi-  tracted considerable attention.  Dr. Brigham
tion of the brain.                           was married, in i 86S, to Mary Goe, of Xenia,O.



HOMIEOPATHIC  PHYSICIANS AND  SURGEONS.                            507
Gorton, who removed  to Detroit, Mich.   He has been for years an active member
His wife died May 2d, I871.  In June, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in
I87o,he was elected Secretary of the Central May, 1872, was elected by the Nebraska
New York Homceopathic Medical Society, Conference as Lay Delegate to the General
and after one year's service was elected its Conference.  Since I87I, he has held the
Vice-President.                            position of Corresponding Secretary of the
Nebraska State Temperance Union.
In I872, he married Florence A. Peck, of
Lincoln, Neb.
URR, WILLIAM  A., M. D., of
Lincoln, Neb., was born in Livingston county, N. Y., June ISth,
I840.  His parents were natives.     ANER, WILLIAM  J., M. D., of
of the State of Connecticut, and direct de-           New  York  city, was born  in
scendants of the Pilgrim Fathers.  In 1843,           Springborough, Warren county,
they removed to Illinois and located on a             O.; his father, Isaac Bauer, befarm near Chicago, and there died not long  longing to the Society of Friends, of which
after.  His early advantages for securing an  Dr. Bauer is also a member. After the comeducation were limited.  In 1862, he became  pletion of his education he went to New
a student at the Cornell College of Mount York, where he was for some time engaged
Vernon, IoNwa. Having passed through a in the stereotyping and publishing business,
thorough classical course, he graduated with  which he relinquished, and entered upon the
honor, receiving the degree of A. B., and  study of medicine in the office of Drs. John
three years subsequently  that of A. M. F. Gray and A. Gerald Hull.
Even during the years given to literary and    He graduated from the New York Mediclassical study, he devoted. much time to the. cal College (old school) in March, I857.
reading of medical works, and on graduating  After receiving his diploma he became assogave his entire attention to the study of med- ciated in practice with Drs. Gray and Warner,
icine.                                     continuing so until I863, when he commenced
In the fall of I867, he entered the Medical by himself.  His practice is composed of a
Department of the Michigan State University, highly cultivated class, and is very extensive
not then having, fully decided between the  -in such degree that it has obliged him to
old and new school systems of practice.  He  decline all proffered honors of professional
remained  at the  University  about eight preferment.
months, in which time he completed a course   In his medical views he is, although a
in the laboratory.                         believer in the law of hommeopathy, indepenIn I868, he removed to Belvidere, Ills., dent and liberal, not hesitating to accept real
and continued the study of medicine under truth on account of its source.  He is a memA. W. Burnside, M. D., a leading homceo- ber of various scientific societies, medical
~pathic physician.  In the autumn of I868, he  and otherwise, and his productions bespeak
entered the Hahnemann Medical College of a quick, comprehensive mind and trenchant
Chicago, Ills., where, in I869, he received  mode of expression.
his degree of A. M., the class of twenty-five    In 1848, he married Martha H., daughter
selecting him to deliver the valedictory.  On  of Horace Fowler and sister to Drs. E. P.
graduating he located at Lincoln, the capital Fowler and A. L. Fowler-Ormsbee, and has
of Nebraska, then in its infancy.  There  now living one child, a promising boy of
were then only four homceopathic physicians  eleven years.
in the entire State, and he soon succeeded in   In personal appearance Dr. Bauer is a
establishing a good practice.              man about six feet in height, possessed of



,o8                     BIOGRAPHICAL  CYCLOPfEDIA.
much presenct and dignity, with a venerable  House Physician of the College Dispensary
lcoking head of white hair and beard, which  On graduating he went to Canandaigua, N
surround a face still young and fresh. Na- Y., where he remained four months. He then
ture has been liberal in moulding him to the  removed to San Francisco, and there opened
ideal of his profession.                   the first homceopathic dispensary, of which
he was made House and Visiting Physician,
with Drs. J. T. Geary, J. J. Cushing, and J.
N. Ecklel as Consulting Physicians.  This
EAKLEY, JOHN STOAT, M. D., position he held for over three years, attendof San Francisco, Cal., was born  ing to its duties as well as to a large and
at Fort Plain, N. Y., July 25th, extended practice.  He was elected RecordI846.  He is the son of George  ing Secretary of the State Medical Society,
Beakley, M. D., a prominent practitioner of  but resigned that office after six months, and
New York city.  Having finished his literary  was subsequently elected Recording Secreeducation, he concluded to embrace the med- tary of the Hahnemann Medical Society,
ical profession, aud became a student at the  which position he still holds.  I-Ie is also
New York Homceopathic Medical College. trustee of a projected homncopathic hospital
Here he attended for five years, during the  and college, a bill of incorporation of the
last three of which he filled the position of  same having been granted.