HOME OPATHY, A THEORETIC DEMONSTRATION WITH SOCIAL APPLICATIONS. BY x EDGEWORTH LAZARUS, M.D. NE W-Y OR K: PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM RADDE, 322 BROADWAY. 1851. 1O D0 (E OP AT lY. Q. Is it possible to discover any law of cure, or well defined principle on which medicines act, seeing their immense number and diversity, and the different action of the same substance on two individuals, or on the same individual at different times? A. All substances in nature are either capable of assimilation to the life of man, of entering into his structure and aiding in the performance of his animal spiritual functions, fulfilling harmonic relations towards him, which are classed under the science of hygiene-or else they are substances essentially (at least in the existing chemical state) foreign to the human organism, and exciting disturbance in its functions. Medicine, as hitherto known; has recognised only this last class of substances, disturbing forces, and creators of a "'cial disease. A natural standard for the discrimination of these opposite qualities is afforded by the state of health, which places mankind on one platform in regard to nourishing substances when properly prepared, such as grains, the cereal fruits, and garden vegetables, and also in regard to foreign substances or poisons, such as Ipecac, Mercury, Arsenic-leaving the difference between the susceptibility of different individuals merely a matter of quantity or degree. 2 HOMCEOPATHY. It is chiefly relative to morbidly induced susceptibilities, that the axiom what is one man's meat is another man's poison has a foundation in truth. Besides the general standard for the human race or any great fraction of it, which is given by the state of health; there is a specific standard given by the health of each individual, separately considered, to whom the adaptations of food or of medicines are to be made. Q. Admitting that a uniform and calculable relation exists between all substances either harmonic or disturbing, and the state of health of a given individual, is this relation equally positive and absolute to his various states of disease? or is the same substance to the same person relatively hurtfull or beneficial, subversive or harmonic, in different states of disease into and through which we may pass, as well as to differently constituted diseased persons or to persons of similar constitution, suffering under different diseases? A. Yes. Such is the fact of our experience. Q. How then is it possible accurately to group substances under any law of cure, since the states of disease are as manifold and variable as that of health is one and consistent? A. All medicines, we have agreed, are disturbing forces compromising the state of health and inducing artificial disease. We have also agreed that the same medicine varies its action on the same individual, in the different states of a disease to which he is liable. If our experience shows that this new and incidental relation is ever harmonic or beneficial, i. e. that medicines have ever cured diseases, restored the organism to the state of health, we naturally infer that this 4 HOMlEOPATHY. vibrate in a direction opposite to that into which it was forced. For example, an individual who habitually sleeps eight hours out of twenty-four, if by any cause he is kept awake all night, will if nothing prevents him, sleep more than eight hours out of the next twenty-four. On the contrary, if he takes at the beginning of the first twenty-four hours, a dose of opium or other narcotic which causes him to sleep for twenty-four hours, he will sleep less than eight hours during the second period of twenty-four hours. So of the other effects of opium, whose primary effect is to lull pain and induce a pleasant flow of animal spirits, but which after this effect is spent, leaves the system in a state of extreme nervous irritability, so that we see patients thus treated, unable to bear anything on their stomachs, or to support light noise or motion. So as to the action of cold, whose primary effect is depressing, and which when continued, gradually extinguishes every vital function, inducing a torpor which pervades first the surface, then the muscles, and extending to the heart, causes death. But if cold of intensity and duration not sufficient to destroy life or limb, be endured, the benumbed parts after the removal from the cold become red and tingle painfully, even inflame, and the whole system is thrown into fever if the exposure has been severe. If, however, it have been more moderate, the reaction or vibration in an opposite direction to the impression of the disturbing force, is also moderate, and limits itself to a glow of the exposed surface, and a general quickening of the circulation and nervous energy, as after a moderate cold bath when the system possesses full power of vital reaction. 6 HOM~tEOPATHY. ten grains of belladonna, phosphorus, mercury, or arsenic, nor even of ipecac, or jalap, without very soon being rendered painfully conscious of a subversive force which rapidly passes through its morbific manifestations, and if not repeated, leaves the organism in health or in death. Virulent poisons which destroy the structures they touch, leave a local death or foundation of chronic disease, but which is to be distinguished from their active presence. Beingi more potently subversive than the natural causes of disease, medicines may then be expected to excite more certain and powerful reactions, at the same time that they impress on us the greatest caution in regard to such form, or quality, in their exhibition, as may fatally compromise the structure with which they come in contact. Q. Analogy of action being proved, should we not expect to find medicines as near as possible in the same sphere of forces as the diseases on which they act? A. Diseases cannot be weighed by pounds, ounces, drachms and grains-nor measured with a yardstick, a footrule, nor subjected to any other mechanical examirations, whatever be the case in regard to some of their external manifestations, such as ulcers, &c. Diseases are dynamic aromas, which infest weak organisms, the same as worms or parasitical creatures; and which are capable of being burnt out, or dissipated by the divine sunshine of passional life and intense vital force. Medicines should then be aromalized, or have their electricity developed, in order to their perfect adaptation to the cure of disease. FRICTION, POINTS, SURFACES, ELECTRICITY. 7 Q. What method? A. Electricity is the principle of all forces known under the various names of gravitation, galvanism, magnetism, &c. This force resides in surfaces, and may be multiplied in any given substance in ratio to the increase of its surface. It is given off by points, consequently given off from any given substances in quantity proportioned to the number of its points. Electricity is developed by friction, the same process which gives to the substances, rubbed or triturated, the greatest amount of surface, the greatest number of points; which, by separating their atoms, liberates their polar affinities. This process, to which medicines are subjected in the homceopathic preparation, also modifies them so that they cease to outrage the senses of taste and smell, or to act corrosively on the gastric mucous membranes, so that the objections of instinctive sensation against medicines are removed, together with the rational objections to their uncertain or injurious operation. Q. WThy are the doses of medicine so infinitely small? A. Why is the nervous organism so exquisitely susceptible of impressions? Why is it that specific affinity is in the molecular combinations of mineral elements, in vegetable nutrition from the elements of soils, in social or passional relations, an affair of so much more consequence than the quantities of the matters or beings brought into contact. Why will the ferro-cyanuret of potassium detect copper in the proportion of - ) 6th part, or metallic zinc detect it in the proportion of T -r0-O-6 th. Why will the chromate of potash detect lead in the proportion of c0 0o th part? Or sulphuretted hydrogen in the proportion of 2 5 o0l 0J th? HAENEMANN'S DISCOVERY. 9 of leavening an indefinite quantity of flour, or a single particle of vaccine variola, or syphilis matter, of changing and corrupting all the fluids of the body, or of all the bodies of the human race? Q. What incidents have led to the discovery of the homoeopathic law of cure-Similia Similibus? A. The coincidence observed by Hahnemann, between the well known effect of Peruvian bark in curing or arresting intermittent fever, and the fact recorded by Cullen of intermittent fever supervening upon the use of Cinchona bark, in patients who were taking it for other diseases. He verified the observation upon himself and a number of others, and extended his experiments to arsenic and numerous other remedies, whose description or pathogenesis, composes the Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia, since the time of Hahnemann enlarged by other contributions. He was led to diminish his doses by the incoveniences produced by large ones, and their apparent efficacy after each reduction. He observed that every disease developed immensely the idiosyncratic susceptibilities of the organism towards those medicines whose effects were similar to its own, just as a burnt finger is more sensitive to heat. Q. Is there any known quantity so small as to preclude the efficacy of medicines in the cases to which they are specific? A. The potency of many substances seems to be, on the contrary, exalted in proportion to the subdivision of their particles, even to the three thousandth dilution; commencing with a grain, and each dilution being the one hundredth part of the last in quantity: Arsenic and other medicines in these very high dilutions have been found perfectly efficient. 10 HOICEOPATIY. Q. Are we then to credit the common argument, which seeks to cast ridicule upon the small doses of the homoeopathists, pretending that a grain of calomel dissolved in the waters of the Atlantic, would form a homcepathic dilution? A. Not at all. NTot only is the utmost purity requisite in the saccharine or alcoholic menstruum in which remedies are prepared, but they must be intimately commingled with this menstruum, part by part, in quantities varying only between one tenth and one hundredth of the quantity of the menstruum, so that they shall as by the analogous process of fermentation, communicate to the menstruum their peculiar electrical state or molecular character. Q. Why do not Homceopathic physicians always and certainly and radically cure diseases? A. They do not all cure them because they are, for the most part, little acquainted either with the nature of the diseases they meet with, or with the character and action of the substances of the Materia Medica. For a true physician it is necesary that a specific adaptation of character to this kind of work or function should pre-exist, then that it should educate or develop itself sonttaneously in a sphere affording to its contemplation and calculation a great number of well classified facts, such as an orderly hospital, should present. Our present system of medical instruction is not merely deficient in this respect, but radically vicious, in as much as it saturates and vitiates the mind of the student with theories more or less absurd and pernicious, before it begin to cultivate his practical genius, and thus renounces a priori the benefits REQUISITES OF A PHYSICIAN. 11 which science might obtain from those untramelled original methods of investigation which each fresh mind would bring to bear upon the facts subjected to it. Until more genuine respect be shown to the intuitive faculties of the soul, we shall find in medicine as elsewhere, the present bowed under the burden of the past, and life often too short to unlearn the errors so maliciously instilled into our childhood and youth, and broken of spring and stamina when wisdom enables it to commence the real work of self-instruction. Meantime it must not excite our surprise that men mistake their vocation,in medicine as elsewhere, and that it continues as difficult as ever to make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. The remedy is to be sought only in a new and complete system of education, connected with industrial organization, of which the reader may elsewhere inform himself. Physicians who have the knowledge of their profession in a superior degree, do not always cure, because all diseases are not curable, and because all medicinal forces have not yet been explored. They do not certainly cure them, because numerous disturbing forces incident to civilized life interfere between medicine and patient. Such are mental agitation, distress of the affections, fatigue and exhaustion, interference of personal or magnetic influence, &c. They do not radically cure them because medicine, per se, is a mere simplism, only one point of a general system of adaptation, including hygienic relations with the earth, air, water, sunshine-vegetable and animal creatures; social or human relations of sym 12 IIOM(EOPATHY. pathy, prosperity in business, in short, all the physical magnetic and passional relations for which we are formed and for whose functions and uses we exist. FORM OF DOSES. Homoeopathy in its form of exhibition, reveres the admonitions of those natural guardians placed by the good God at the threshold of the temple of life, name ly, the five senses. It considers every medicine, however otherwise appropriate in its qualities; as contraindicated, so long as in its form of preparation, it is disgusting to the senses of sight, smell, and taste, given to discriminate from among all substances, those which are fit to be taken into the stomach and body of man and other animals. Every medicine, before being llomceopatbically administered, is so prepared as to be inoffensive to the sight and smell, and pleasing to the taste, and as in the approach to truth, the beautiful every where combines with the useful; it is the same process of trituration with sugar and dilution with alcohol that removes the disgusting qualities of medicines, and that develops their electrical powers, enabling them to penetrate more readily to the nervous centres, and permeate more thoroughly the tissues diseased. A material such as sand or clay, inert in its crude form, exhibits great medical powers when thus triturated and diluted. The force and range of already powerful medicines, such as mercury or arsenic, is at once extended and refined, so that in the exceedingly minute dose which experience proves to be fully sufficient to cure, provided the remedy truly correspond with the disease, these and other poisons become perfectly safe even for babes at the breast. DISEASES NOT MEASURED BY THE POUND. 13 To those who very naturally object to Homoeopathy, the impossibility of understanding how such exceedingly minute doses can have any effect, we answer that this is in the first place a matter settled by a large and long experience for those who have investigated the subject experimentally, and in the second place that they deceive themselves in expecting to derive any other information on this point from their senses, than that of the effects or results observed after exhibition of the remedies. Neither sight, smell or taste detect the medicinal qualities of Mercury, Arsenic, Antimony, Belladonna, Stramonium, &c., the senses only declare I like or I dislike-any further knowledge of remedial agents is gained only by experimental observation of their effects when taken into the body. It is only the association of ideas that makes the mecdicinal qualities of drugs in their crude forms appear to be sensible. The same association of ideas comes by experience in Homeopathy to attach to the medicincal qualities of tasteless and inodorous preparations of the same drugs. Nothing can be more grossly silly than the common notion of estimating the medicinal virtue of drugs by weight and measure. Tell me in pounds, ounces, drams and grains-the weight of Scarlet fever, of Cholera, of Croup, of Measles or any other disease, tell me its measure in yards, feet and inches, and you will then perhaps be rational in expecting that I should tell you in the same terms the weight and measure of the corresponding remedies which cure those diseases. But if it be evident to all, that diseases are not susceptible of such measurements-that they are not visible and tangible matters, but only aromas manifested like heat, light and magnetism, by their effects in solid 14 - IOMIEOPATHIY. and fluid bodies, then we should naturally expect that medicines corresponding to these diseases and curative of them, should in their most perfect preparation lose the visible and tangible qualities of crude matter, and attain like diseases, the aromac state, with the extension of power and influence which belongs to this state-precisely what we find in the preparations of homeeopathy. It is conformable to the uniform experience of mankind that the senses perceive only the lowest and feeblest order of forces in nature. Every thing beyond mere bulk and weight belong to another field of experience. Steam, the expansive force of gases, heat, light, electricity, galvanism, magnetism, nervous power, morbific and therapeutic agents; and the still higher forms of power such as those of passion or will, of love and intellect, rise beyond all estimation of the senses, except through their results. During ages -when brute force has ruled, it was natural that the virtue of medicines should be estimated by their material qualities and by the convulsions and agonies their crude masses produce in the nice mechanism of the human body which they disturb or destroy. In an age where intellect and science attain the supremacy, it is equally naturalthat the higher or subtler qualities of medicines should be sought after, and that physicians ceasing from their vain and pernicious attempts to control arbitrarily the movements of organic life, should seek to restore its equilibrium and harmony by awakening its own reactive forces. 15 HOMVI(EOPATHY-THE CHRISTIANITY OF MEDICINE! "But I say unto you, that ye resist not evil, but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloak also. And whosoever SHALL COMPEL THEE TO GO WITH HIM A MILES GO rWITH HIM TWAIN." The CHRISTIAN RELIGION is no longer to be confined to a few individtal lives. Its principles, so long treated by the world as abstractions, are bold and practical announcements of LAWS OF NATURE OR WILLS OF GOD, inherent in the organization of souls, and of societies; and those which seem most transcendental and impracticable from their contradiction to the false experience of men who live in a vicious circle, habituated to violate natural laws and to suffer or engender the evils thereonz consequent; are really the most literally true, and zuniversal in their application in every sphere of p2ractical life. What is the application of the principle above stated to thoseforzs of evil which we call disease, as regards the adaptation of medicines to their cure? If we are " not to resist disease" or give medicines which act in a manner contrary to that peculiar train of morbid actions which constitute the disease in question, then it is an open violation of the natural law here announced by CHRIST, to give in cholera or diarrhoeas; opium, tannin or other astringents, according to the common practice; since these produce as their direct or primary effect on the hunman body, very opposite states-constipation, for instance, instead of diarrhoea; quietude and torpor of the body, instead THE CHRISTIANITY OF MEDICINE. 17 with a man who would force us to go one-a course of conduct which would naturally make him ashamed of himself, and cause a reaction in his soul against the oppression to which he had been inclined. Resistance would only provoke him to greater obstinacy, and even if he failed to carry his point, would leave the oppressive disposition firmly rooted, and ready to exhibit itself on some other occasion. HIM(EOPATHY or the CHRISTIAN principle of medicine, instead of contradicting or resisting the tendencies of the organism as expressed in the symptoms of disease, by medicines whose primary effects are opposite to the existing state; understands these symptoms as the language in which nature calls for the remedy corresponding to each case, and which may be discovered by an experimental knowledge of the action of each medicine upon the body in health. WVe gain thus a clue to the medicine appropriate to each case, as definite and faithful as the learned humbug of the pharmacopoeia with its emetics, cathartics, diuretics, emmenagogues and alteratives, &c. &c., is vague and delusive. We avoid all such organic convulsions or disturbances as vomiting, purging, diuresis, salivation, &c., together with the mistaken notions of the curative influence of such disturbances on the disease in question. Such actions may indeed occur under any course of treatment, but it is never desirable to produce irritation to such an extent by any artificial means. I have seen copious alvine evacuations follow the exhibition of a homceopathic globule, but these were free from The ordinary inconveniences of a purgative, and due entirely to the reactive force of the organism, awakened after long 18 HOMIOPATIHY. constipation by a medicine causing constipation, and not diarrhoea, by its primary action. Homceopathy simply solicits the vital force by a medicinal action correspondent with the disease, towards the place where it is most needed, determining there more efficient reactions by remedies similar in character but of greater intensity in their shorter term of action than the diseases to which they are adapted. That atmospheric poison, for instance, which causes scarlet fever, or other influenzas, is breathed by a whole population, yet if one in every ten were made ill by it, its virulence would be almost unparalleled. There is not one person in a hundred who will escape the artificial diseases correspondent which are caused by aconite belladonna and mercury, if he takes a drop of either of these drugs. Medicines have then evidently been endowed with morbific powers more intense than those of any other natural causes of disease, more certain and universal in their effects, and more transient in their action than their correspondent diseases. Even mercury is so when compared with syphilis. The reactions consequent on their transient effects, are efforts of the vital power to regain its equilibrium. Reaction from disturbing forces is a necessary effect of that very individuality with which every being is endowed. Certain qualities of gravity, cohesion, elective affinity, organic assimulations, senses, affections, and intelligence belong to every one, and their proportions and modes of action distinguish him individually from any one else. Just in the ratio of the force of his life, must be its resistance to influences disturbing these, and reaction from the temporary bias it receives from them. Hence it is on THE CHRISTIANITY OF MIEDICINE. 21 against it, the simple question arises-Do I wish to excite a reaction in the vital forces in the same direction as that of the existing disease, or in a contrary direction leading towards health? This question, the Allopathist who gives purgatives for constipation, opium and astringents in diarrhcea, narcotizing or stupefying agents of which opium is the principal, for nervous pains; answers practically thus-I will give a medicine whose action is primarily or directly contrary to the existing symptoms which I shall thus arrest for a time at least and give the patient this proof of my skill in practice. If the disease returns after the action of my medicine has subsided, that is to be attributed to its inherent virulence and not to any fault in the choice of the medicine. Both physicians and patients are short-sighted enough to believe this, and so by provoking reactions of the organism in a false direction, in the same direction as that of the disease, to which the medicines are contrary; the constipation is rendered inveterate by repetition of purgatives, the diarrhcea kept up or turned into a dysentery by opium and astringents, and extreme irritability, with sleeplessness and neuralgic pains increase after the palliation of opium in its primary effect. The Homneopathist, answers practically by giving medicines which in their primary action are correspondent or analogous to the existing disease, so that the reaction of nature in the opposite direction shall also be opposite to the course of the disease, and consequently in the direction of health. To this law of Similia Similibus Curantur, there is one exception, which really is not an exception at all, but only a confirmation of the same principle from another field of experience. It occurs in those 24 HOMCEOPATIHY. getables; coffee, tea, cacao,the mushroom7 the truffle, &c., which are either restorative or destructive, according to differences in temperaments or in the states of our health. Among animals; the bear, the otter7 the weasel, the falcon, the ounce or pard, the rabbit and grouse; which are either friendly or mischievous to man according to his own arrangements and his education of them, and which, in their wild state, only respect their own individual rights. In the human sphere, most persons are our friends or enemies, indifferently, according to social position and interests. Comparatively few are so nearly related to us by natural affinity as to be necessarily friends, and few so antipathic in character as to be inevitably hostile. In the term corresponding to the Divine among friendly, and the Demoniac among hostile influences, we may place the neuter element, variously designated as chance, fortune, circumstance, temptation, &c., which is good or evil to us, according as we conquer and use it, or are conquered and abused by it; as the food which nourishes a healthy system is poison to a weak and dyspeptic stomach. All the subtances from the mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms called medicines, are morbific agents, and become therapeutic, as in our grammar two negatives destroy each other and are equivalent to an affirmative. They are the types and correspondences in external nature of the morbid states to which the human body is liable, so that each of them when introduced into the healthy body, determines a specific form of disease analogous to that of which it is curative. Genera, orders and classes, in medicine, as elsewhere, PRINCIPLE OF CORRESPONDENCE. 27: tive labor, organized in series of groups; we shall change all the demoniac powers into celestial powers; or, to speak rationally, shall obtain from the evolution of all solar and planetary forces, those benefits of vigor and charm which are inherent in them, but which are turned to our hurt by the vicious sphere which they enter, just as wholesome food turns to poison in the stomach of the dyspeptic. The forms of disease induced by medicines correspond to those invading the system in what is called a natural manier, or in other terms, to those which result from man's disunity with nature, with his fellowcreatures, and with higher orders of being objectively as his being is completed through his relations with these; and with himself subjectively, as all these are potentially included in his own soul, and as internal disunity, however produced, unfits him for harmony in all these relations. Thus the forms of disease, artificially induced by the medicines above cited, correspond with the natural diseases, which are induced by subversive aromas or by discordant relations. Therapeutics, in the adaptation of medicines to the cure of diseases, proceeds according to the principle of correspondences, which has been recognized by Dr. iempel. This was developed under the name of Homoeopathy by Samuel Hahnemann, who made very numerous provings or experimentations of the morbific power of medicines upon the healthy systems of himself and others of different ages, sexes and temperaments: after having thus descended into the sphere of the morbid organic life of his fellow-creatures, after the example of Christ, who descended into the sphere of the morbid, social and spiritual organism of the subversive and incoherent society; he NATURAL GROUPING OF SYMPTOMS. 29 For a Pathogenetic record which should form the basis of a true science of medical correspondences, it would be necessary that all these and other points should be accurately noted by competent observers, and as it would not be possible or desirable that the detailed history of each case experimented on should be recorded, those on whom the medicines are proved must be classified according to temperament, state of health, sex and age, and one person out of each class most characteristic of it, be selected as the type, of whom the symptoms observed in the whole class are to be recorded. It will be necessary to record the natural groupings or catenations of the symptoms occuring together in different regions and organs of the body, and their consecutiveness or the order of time in which they precedb or follow each other, so that the consecutive days and hours would take that place which in the present records is occupied by the names of particular organs or regions as above cited; any generalizations in regard to the specific range of the medicine, as to heart, stomach or brain, &c., being reserved for the head of general indications. If there are fifty persons of a particular class such as adult robust males, of sanguine bilious temperament-(we do not use these names as expressing most correctly the classes of temperaments, but because no others are yet recognized,) of which Zeno stands as the type —the recorded proving will be prefaced by an accurate full length naked portrait of Zeno taken before the proving commences, and illustrated by other portraits of Zeno taken in the course of the proving, whenever any characteristic change occurs in the expression of the features, the appearance of the skin, or visible state of any region or organ. When clairvoy ILLJSTRATION AND DEMONSTRATION. 38 vague observations of the effects of remedies upon the sick, whose fallacies have been so ably exposed by Hahnemann in his Organon, that we shall not here speak of them. The Demonstration that cures are performed by adapting medicines to diseases on the principle of correspondences, is of two characters, the Practical and the Theoretical. The practical proof is obtained from the experience of Homceopathic physicians and their patients, the theoretical proof we shall now present. Let us first remark the difference between an Illustration and a Demonstration. The illustration gives only an ornamental completeness of conception to a fact already acknowledged. The demonstration involves the fact itself, and is capable of preceding it in the order of our knowledge. A natural correspondence then existing between diseases and medicines, which does not exist between diseases and the living organism, whose normal state is health; we are prepared to expect that when a medicine is introduced into the organism corresponding with a certain abnormal or diseased state, that the disease or subversive aroma will leave the organism where it does not belong, to unite itself with the correspondent medicine which furnishes it with a home or natural sphere. The disease having thus materialized or embodied itself, presents to the reactive forces of the organism, a more definite object, and is in consequence more readily expelled. These illustrations are ingenious, but their evidence is not of a demonstrative character. Such a demonstration of HIomceopathy is possible, that if it had not been already developed as a fact of 2* 34X-:IOM(EOPATRY. experience, it could be ascertained ca riori to every logical mind, and translated into experience. llahnemann gives this illustration of the Homeeopathic law: Two similar forces cannot act in the same sphere at the same time any more than two substances of a similar character can exist in the same place at the same time. The stronger must absorb or extinguish the weaker. Now the artificial diseases induced by medicines, are possessed of greater intensity than the natural morbific miasms, since of all who are exposed to the miasm of influenza, cholera, yellow fever, typhus, &c., only the smaller or exceptional number take these diseases, whereas mercury, camphor, crotalus, phosphoric acid, &c., produce their specific effects with great uniformity upon all to whom they are exhibited, and within a limited and definite period, though with different degrees of violence. If then as in the above cases, the medicinal disease be similar to the natural disease already existing in the patient to whom the medicine is exhibited, the medicine acting upon the same sphere of the organism in a similar manner, must absorb or extinguish the natural disease, always provided that the medicine correspond to the totality of the symptoms which indicate to the physician the essential nature of the disease: otherwise it may merely modify the disease and impart to it a compound character, or acting quite in a different sphere and i.n a different manner like most of the medicines exhibited by Allopathists, it introduces a new disease, which coexists with the first and determines at best but a temporary diversion of the vital force from its former tendency, by counterirritation as it is called. Why is it that the medicinal force acting in the 3~6 HOOI(EOPATHY. strong enough to subvert the normal or healthy circuit of actions. 0OM(FEOPATHY —A CONSEQUENCE UPON THE LAW OF VITAL REACTIONS. Every being, whether mineral, vegetable, animal or man; is recognized by a specific, clearly defined type of form and force, by a peculiar manner of existence and of action. In the all vivifying Sunbeam above and in the passive mould of the earth below, all beings are one; but as soon as the quickened clay crystallizes, grows, blooms out, breathes, moves and speaks in individual creatures, these creatures exist no longer as a general principle of life, but only by asserting and preserving their distinctive form and character of being and of action. To lose this, with the mathematical or organic type of development which guides them in their progressive transformations of growth, is for them-to cease to be. They are consequently endowed with a capacity of resistance to all disturbing forces exactly proportional to the vigor of their life or the tenacity of their characteristic states, and which forms an equation with their self-appropriative powers, in respect to substances which harmonize with their individual character and type of development. In the healthy animal, and in the man of instinct, this internal resisting force is manifested upon the approach or mere contact of pernicious substances and disturbing forces with the senses, and they turn from them with aversion. Man still retains enough instinct to manifest this natural aversion to drugs, but it is overcome by scientific prejudice aided by philosophic and religious views upon the necessity of evil and the des DEDUCED FROM ATTRACTION. 37 tiny of suffering to which man lies subject, which persuade him to disregard and act in opposition to his instincts and to outrage his senses. The manifest aversion which morbific substances excite, is prophetic of that internal aversion and organic reaction against them which takes place as soon as they are introduced within the body, and brought into contact with the expansions of the sympathetic nerve, and the system of organic life. Resistance or reaction implies a tendency to escape or act in a direction contrary to the impression of the disturbing force. The laws of attraction are unitary in their application. In the material, the organic, and the moral sphere alike; resistance to the existing tendency only provokes subsequent manifestation, or perversion, intense in the ratio of that resistance. It is by this same law that the stone resting on the surface will, after resistance to its gravity by throwing it into the air, come down with proportional force to bury itself in the soil; that the salt whose cohesion is resisted by dissolving, will re-form into more perfect crystals; that the elements of a compound body united in quiet status, will after separation, if the conditions of recombination be afforded, unite with evolution of sound, light, heat, or other signs of intense affinity; that the half-starved animal eats voraciously and assimilates more rapidly; that among the sensuous attractions which adapt the soul to a material sphere, the eye, by confinement in dark places, which resist its attraction for light, becomes sensitive like that of the owl; that the clicking of a flea's spurs will be heard in the silent watches; that a simple diet of grains and fruits procures us the most exquisite ap BRANCHES OF ATT*ACTION. 39 through the magnetic circulation of Humanity, the integral man. It is on the principle of homceopathy that persecution has been like the wind to a fire in developing and spreading new sects of religion. It is to the ignorance of moral Homceopathy by the British Cabinet, that America owes her political independence, for we should never have dreamed of the step if our selfesteem and sentiment of justice had not been brutally trampled on,. instead of according to us some semblance of privilege. Here is a tabular view of the attractions which constitute human life: r Gravitative, ] ist. Basic Unity of Organic life, iCohesive, Five physical including Capillary, attractions. Affinitary, Assimilative. ( Touch, Taste, Five sensuous 2d. Sensuous life, including < Smell, attractions. Sight, Hearilg. J Ambition, Four affec3d. Passional life, Friendship, tional attract Love, tions. Familism. tions. [Centrifugal, 1 Three distri4th. Intellectual life. Centripetal, butive tendenBalancing. J cies. Pivotal Unity of man with the Earth and Sun, giving the attraction to Universal Harmony and sentiment of God. We have seen in relation to each of these attractions consecutively, the reaction against disturbing forces proportional to these forces within the limits of the vital force of the being attacked. WVhat is true of all the elements of human nature, is true of hu SOCIAL IOMCEOPATHY. 47 one flags in its intensity, another, introduced by the Papillon, comes to take its place, preventing fatigue or excess. This is the true purgation of the passions,-a recipe somewhat more palatable than starvation and hellebore. Thus in the Unity of the Serial order, the focal passion of the soul tends to harmony through an integral sounding in varied combinations, of the passional key notes; and 1tHappiness is the music that flows therefrom. It leads to Duty, through obedience to "Attraction, the compass of permanent revelation from God to man; which at once reveals and stimulates " to action. That action for its tendency to the highest uses, only presupposes the embodiment of the serial mechanism calculated by God as the sphere of Attraction. There is a sort of Social Honceopathy which vindicates the spiritual ray in the maleficent beings of our incoherent sphere which it enters, and whose existence is determined and sustained by it during the same incoherent periods. There is an an old saw which says, that the worse things are the better they are. The darkest hour is just before the dawn; and the more clearly an evil is exhibited, and the more cruelly felt, the more chance there is of a healthy re-action against it, and of its removal. Those vicious characters who exhibit most clearly, in their most hideous deformity, the general tendencies and characteristics of a false and vicious state of social relations, may exert an influence morally homceopathic to a certain extent upon other characters, especially on those whose tendencies are similar, and who are warned by manifested results against the course they might otherwise have pursued: their SOCIAL HOIMECOPATHY. 49 thor with the passional compression which occasion. ed it. In the combined order where each capacity receives according to its works, and where all enjoy an ample minimum, theft will become absurd and even impossible. The characteristic of societies based upon isolation or separation of households and workshops, is incoherence of individual interests, which converts selfpreservation and the striving for self-development, into hostile and narrow selfishness, rendering every man the natural enemy, because competitor of his neighbor in the same business, and falsifying all his passions, so as to bring about what the church calls total depravity, which is not far from the truth. Now, in such a society, the most valuable members in a certain point of view, are those in which it sees its tendencies most clearly exposed, who, being victims and creatures of circumstance, disguise nothing, but tell it the naked truth of itself, without mincing. This sort of candor is an unconscious virtue, peculiar to the criminal, for the strong and virtuous man, who lives superior to temptation, is not the representative of the social tendencies or of the pressure which he successfully resists. He is the representative of the absolute ideal of truth and goodness, which God takes care shall ever be presented to society on the one side,-to sh ow what he means: man to be; whilst on the other, he admonishes society through the criminal, of the errors and defects in its institutions. Thus we have the desperado, the robber, the pirate, exhibiting in odious flaring colors the false principle, that might makes right; or the thief, the swindler, the courtesan, the drunkard, depicting two characters 50 HOMZOPATHY. organic in policed societies, —namely, fraud and the subordination of the spirit to the flesh. There is a very absurd kind of optimism prevalent which affects to ignore the most poignant evils of society, in blaming the individual representatives of the evil, and declaring that they ought to have acted otherwise, as though that changed one iota the facts of the case. The same brilliant geniuses always pretend to mistake the exception for the rule in order to prove the goodness of those social institutions amidst which these exceptional characters are formed. Remark to one of these persons that the separation of families and of interests has the property of engendering meanness and cupidity, he will point you to such men as Howard, or such women as Dorothea Dix, to show that you are mistaken. If you observe to him in connexion -with the wretchedness and destitution of the laboring masses of England, or Ireland, that two-thirds of their soil remains untilled, being appropriated to the pleasures of the nobility and gentry, that the whole of the soil is owned by a comparatively small number of persons, the rest of the people having no right in law or fact to any spot on the surface of the soil, or below to the centre of the earth, or above as high as the heavens, whereon to build, abide, sit, or lie down; thus being thrown absolutely under the control and at the mercy of landlords and capitalists, who employ them at starving prices; if you farther observe that the same laws, principles, and trains of causation are at work among ourselves, allowing the capitalist here as in Europe, to monopolize vast tracts of soil, and already com1pelling the poor settler to travel thousands of miles to seek a farm and dwelling, a chance which each 56 HOItEOPATHY. consecrate the most pernicious of social blunders. So true is it that a corrupt tree can only bear evil fruit, and that societies founded upon the separation of families and of interests must ever continue to be as Christ called them 1800 years ago —"A generation of vipers." CONCLUSION. In the body of this little treatise I have shown rather the-differences than the connexions between Homceopathy and the older routine systems of practice which are summed: up under the general title of Allopathy. The sesthetic mind, however, practical hostilities forgotten for the nonce, will perceive that Homoeopathy is in truth no schism, but only a natural development of the cruder forms of medical practice. Thus it was not like so many other discoveries of the highest value foisted upon the profession by one of the laity, but a systematic induction by one of its members in full standing. Indeed, its difference from the routine practice is not greater than that between the butterfly and the caterpillar. It is the same creature, but very prettily transformed. It has laid aside all its disgusting attributes, sloughed the drug-shop, and enduing the wings of a more spiritual potency, flies on aromal nerve-currents, freely permeating every organ and tissue by instinctive polarities. Nor is it only in the form of the drug that we trace this metempsychosis of medicine. In theory, leaving 68'HOMCEOPATHY. he is an accepted minister, of the particular section under his supervision, the Physician of Harmony will operate chiefly by sanatory measures of prevention in a sphere which the civilized physician cannot enter; and when pure air, pure water, wholesome food and attractive industry is guaranteed to all, the amount of disease remaining will be reduced to an infinitesmal minimum. Here begins the true office of Hygenie science in the art of raising the organism of of races to their maximum of vigor and perfection. It is then that the physician will be the minister of nature. N OT E. SINCE this little book has been stereotyped, there has appeared a physiological treatise by JOHN GARTH WILKINSON, of rare merit and highly amusing as well as bold and original in its investigations. Wishing to call the attention of my readers to it, I here extract by way of Appendix a few of its pages on Homceopathy, which, though containing nothing new and by no means even a fair average of his book, will yet justify its extrac. tion and show the manner of the man.