id sid tid token lemma pos 2164 1 1 Public Public NNP 2164 1 2 Library Library NNP 2164 1 3 Computer Computer NNP 2164 1 4 Waiting Waiting NNP 2164 1 5 Queues Queues NNPS 2164 1 6 : : : 2164 1 7 Alternatives alternative NNS 2164 1 8 to to IN 2164 1 9 the the DT 2164 1 10 First First NNP 2164 1 11 -Come -Come NNP 2164 1 12 - - HYPH 2164 1 13 First first JJ 2164 1 14 - - HYPH 2164 1 15 Served Served NNP 2164 1 16 Strategy Strategy NNP 2164 1 17 Stuart Stuart NNP 2164 1 18 Williamson Williamson NNP 2164 1 19 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNP 2164 1 20 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 2164 1 21 COMPUTER computer NN 2164 1 22 WAITING waiting NN 2164 1 23 QUEUES QUEUES NNP 2164 1 24 | | NNP 2164 1 25 WILLIAMSON williamson NN 2164 1 26 72 72 CD 2164 1 27 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT NNP 2164 1 28 This this DT 2164 1 29 paper paper NN 2164 1 30 summarizes summarize VBZ 2164 1 31 the the DT 2164 1 32 results result NNS 2164 1 33 of of IN 2164 1 34 a a DT 2164 1 35 simulation simulation NN 2164 1 36 of of IN 2164 1 37 alternative alternative JJ 2164 1 38 queuing queuing NN 2164 1 39 strategies strategy NNS 2164 1 40 for for IN 2164 1 41 a a DT 2164 1 42 public public JJ 2164 1 43 library library NN 2164 1 44 computer computer NN 2164 1 45 sign sign NN 2164 1 46 - - HYPH 2164 1 47 up up RP 2164 1 48 system system NN 2164 1 49 . . . 2164 2 1 Using use VBG 2164 2 2 computer computer NN 2164 2 3 usage usage NN 2164 2 4 data datum NNS 2164 2 5 gathered gather VBD 2164 2 6 from from IN 2164 2 7 a a DT 2164 2 8 public public JJ 2164 2 9 library library NN 2164 2 10 , , , 2164 2 11 the the DT 2164 2 12 performance performance NN 2164 2 13 of of IN 2164 2 14 these these DT 2164 2 15 various various JJ 2164 2 16 queuing queuing NN 2164 2 17 strategies strategy NNS 2164 2 18 is be VBZ 2164 2 19 compared compare VBN 2164 2 20 in in IN 2164 2 21 terms term NNS 2164 2 22 of of IN 2164 2 23 the the DT 2164 2 24 distribution distribution NN 2164 2 25 of of IN 2164 2 26 user user NN 2164 2 27 wait wait VB 2164 2 28 times time NNS 2164 2 29 . . . 2164 3 1 The the DT 2164 3 2 consequences consequence NNS 2164 3 3 of of IN 2164 3 4 partitioning partition VBG 2164 3 5 a a DT 2164 3 6 pool pool NN 2164 3 7 of of IN 2164 3 8 public public JJ 2164 3 9 computers computer NNS 2164 3 10 are be VBP 2164 3 11 illustrated illustrate VBN 2164 3 12 as as IN 2164 3 13 are be VBP 2164 3 14 the the DT 2164 3 15 potential potential JJ 2164 3 16 benefits benefit NNS 2164 3 17 of of IN 2164 3 18 prioritizing prioritize VBG 2164 3 19 users user NNS 2164 3 20 in in IN 2164 3 21 the the DT 2164 3 22 waiting wait VBG 2164 3 23 queue queue NN 2164 3 24 according accord VBG 2164 3 25 to to IN 2164 3 26 the the DT 2164 3 27 amount amount NN 2164 3 28 of of IN 2164 3 29 computer computer NN 2164 3 30 time time NN 2164 3 31 they -PRON- PRP 2164 3 32 desire desire VBP 2164 3 33 . . . 2164 4 1 INTRODUCTION introduction WRB 2164 4 2 Many many JJ 2164 4 3 of of IN 2164 4 4 us -PRON- PRP 2164 4 5 at at IN 2164 4 6 public public JJ 2164 4 7 libraries library NNS 2164 4 8 are be VBP 2164 4 9 all all RB 2164 4 10 too too RB 2164 4 11 familiar familiar JJ 2164 4 12 with with IN 2164 4 13 the the DT 2164 4 14 scene scene NN 2164 4 15 : : : 2164 4 16 a a DT 2164 4 17 crowd crowd NN 2164 4 18 of of IN 2164 4 19 customers customer NNS 2164 4 20 huddled huddle VBD 2164 4 21 around around IN 2164 4 22 the the DT 2164 4 23 library library NN 2164 4 24 entrance entrance NN 2164 4 25 in in IN 2164 4 26 the the DT 2164 4 27 morning morning NN 2164 4 28 , , , 2164 4 29 anxiously anxiously RB 2164 4 30 waiting wait VBG 2164 4 31 for for IN 2164 4 32 the the DT 2164 4 33 doors door NNS 2164 4 34 to to TO 2164 4 35 open open VB 2164 4 36 to to TO 2164 4 37 begin begin VB 2164 4 38 a a DT 2164 4 39 race race NN 2164 4 40 for for IN 2164 4 41 the the DT 2164 4 42 computers computer NNS 2164 4 43 . . . 2164 5 1 From from IN 2164 5 2 this this DT 2164 5 3 point point NN 2164 5 4 on on IN 2164 5 5 , , , 2164 5 6 the the DT 2164 5 7 wait wait NN 2164 5 8 for for IN 2164 5 9 a a DT 2164 5 10 computer computer NN 2164 5 11 at at IN 2164 5 12 some some DT 2164 5 13 libraries library NNS 2164 5 14 , , , 2164 5 15 such such JJ 2164 5 16 as as IN 2164 5 17 the the DT 2164 5 18 one one NN 2164 5 19 we -PRON- PRP 2164 5 20 will will MD 2164 5 21 examine examine VB 2164 5 22 , , , 2164 5 23 can can MD 2164 5 24 hover hover VB 2164 5 25 near near IN 2164 5 26 thirty thirty CD 2164 5 27 minutes minute NNS 2164 5 28 on on IN 2164 5 29 busy busy JJ 2164 5 30 days day NNS 2164 5 31 and and CC 2164 5 32 peak peak VB 2164 5 33 at at IN 2164 5 34 an an DT 2164 5 35 hour hour NN 2164 5 36 or or CC 2164 5 37 more more JJR 2164 5 38 . . . 2164 6 1 Such such JJ 2164 6 2 long long JJ 2164 6 3 waiting wait VBG 2164 6 4 times time NNS 2164 6 5 are be VBP 2164 6 6 a a DT 2164 6 7 common common JJ 2164 6 8 source source NN 2164 6 9 of of IN 2164 6 10 frustration frustration NN 2164 6 11 for for IN 2164 6 12 both both DT 2164 6 13 customers customer NNS 2164 6 14 and and CC 2164 6 15 staff staff NN 2164 6 16 . . . 2164 7 1 By by IN 2164 7 2 far far RB 2164 7 3 the the DT 2164 7 4 most most RBS 2164 7 5 effective effective JJ 2164 7 6 solution solution NN 2164 7 7 to to IN 2164 7 8 this this DT 2164 7 9 problem problem NN 2164 7 10 is be VBZ 2164 7 11 to to TO 2164 7 12 install install VB 2164 7 13 more more JJR 2164 7 14 public public JJ 2164 7 15 computers computer NNS 2164 7 16 at at IN 2164 7 17 your -PRON- PRP$ 2164 7 18 library library NN 2164 7 19 . . . 2164 8 1 Of of RB 2164 8 2 course course RB 2164 8 3 , , , 2164 8 4 when when WRB 2164 8 5 the the DT 2164 8 6 space space NN 2164 8 7 or or CC 2164 8 8 money money NN 2164 8 9 run run VB 2164 8 10 out out RP 2164 8 11 , , , 2164 8 12 this this DT 2164 8 13 may may MD 2164 8 14 no no RB 2164 8 15 longer longer RB 2164 8 16 be be VB 2164 8 17 possible possible JJ 2164 8 18 . . . 2164 9 1 Another another DT 2164 9 2 approach approach NN 2164 9 3 is be VBZ 2164 9 4 to to TO 2164 9 5 reduce reduce VB 2164 9 6 the the DT 2164 9 7 length length NN 2164 9 8 or or CC 2164 9 9 number number NN 2164 9 10 of of IN 2164 9 11 sessions session NNS 2164 9 12 each each DT 2164 9 13 customer customer NN 2164 9 14 is be VBZ 2164 9 15 allowed allow VBN 2164 9 16 . . . 2164 10 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 2164 10 2 , , , 2164 10 3 reducing reduce VBG 2164 10 4 session session NN 2164 10 5 length length NN 2164 10 6 can can MD 2164 10 7 make make VB 2164 10 8 completion completion NN 2164 10 9 of of IN 2164 10 10 many many JJ 2164 10 11 important important JJ 2164 10 12 tasks task NNS 2164 10 13 difficult difficult JJ 2164 10 14 ; ; : 2164 10 15 whereas whereas IN 2164 10 16 , , , 2164 10 17 restricting restrict VBG 2164 10 18 the the DT 2164 10 19 number number NN 2164 10 20 of of IN 2164 10 21 sessions session NNS 2164 10 22 per per IN 2164 10 23 day day NN 2164 10 24 can can MD 2164 10 25 result result VB 2164 10 26 in in IN 2164 10 27 customers customer NNS 2164 10 28 upset upset VBN 2164 10 29 over over IN 2164 10 30 being be VBG 2164 10 31 unable unable JJ 2164 10 32 to to TO 2164 10 33 use use VB 2164 10 34 idle idle JJ 2164 10 35 computers.1 computers.1 CD 2164 10 36 Finally finally RB 2164 10 37 , , , 2164 10 38 faced face VBN 2164 10 39 with with IN 2164 10 40 daunting daunt VBG 2164 10 41 wait wait NN 2164 10 42 times time NNS 2164 10 43 , , , 2164 10 44 libraries library NNS 2164 10 45 eager eager JJ 2164 10 46 to to TO 2164 10 47 make make VB 2164 10 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 10 49 computers computer NNS 2164 10 50 accessible accessible JJ 2164 10 51 to to IN 2164 10 52 more more JJR 2164 10 53 people people NNS 2164 10 54 may may MD 2164 10 55 be be VB 2164 10 56 tempted tempt VBN 2164 10 57 to to TO 2164 10 58 partition partition VB 2164 10 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 10 60 waiting wait VBG 2164 10 61 queue queue NN 2164 10 62 by by IN 2164 10 63 installing instal VBG 2164 10 64 separate separate JJ 2164 10 65 fifteen fifteen CD 2164 10 66 - - HYPH 2164 10 67 minute minute NN 2164 10 68 “ " `` 2164 10 69 express express NN 2164 10 70 ” " '' 2164 10 71 computers computer NNS 2164 10 72 . . . 2164 11 1 A a DT 2164 11 2 primary primary JJ 2164 11 3 focus focus NN 2164 11 4 of of IN 2164 11 5 this this DT 2164 11 6 paper paper NN 2164 11 7 is be VBZ 2164 11 8 to to TO 2164 11 9 illustrate illustrate VB 2164 11 10 how how WRB 2164 11 11 partitioning partition VBG 2164 11 12 the the DT 2164 11 13 pool pool NN 2164 11 14 of of IN 2164 11 15 public public JJ 2164 11 16 computers computer NNS 2164 11 17 can can MD 2164 11 18 significantly significantly RB 2164 11 19 increase increase VB 2164 11 20 waiting wait VBG 2164 11 21 times time NNS 2164 11 22 . . . 2164 12 1 Additionally additionally RB 2164 12 2 , , , 2164 12 3 several several JJ 2164 12 4 alternative alternative JJ 2164 12 5 queuing queuing NN 2164 12 6 strategies strategy NNS 2164 12 7 are be VBP 2164 12 8 presented present VBN 2164 12 9 for for IN 2164 12 10 providing provide VBG 2164 12 11 express express JJ 2164 12 12 - - HYPH 2164 12 13 like like JJ 2164 12 14 computer computer NN 2164 12 15 access access NN 2164 12 16 without without IN 2164 12 17 increasing increase VBG 2164 12 18 overall overall RB 2164 12 19 waiting wait VBG 2164 12 20 times time NNS 2164 12 21 . . . 2164 13 1 We -PRON- PRP 2164 13 2 often often RB 2164 13 3 take take VBP 2164 13 4 for for IN 2164 13 5 granted grant VBN 2164 13 6 the the DT 2164 13 7 notion notion NN 2164 13 8 that that IN 2164 13 9 first first RB 2164 13 10 - - HYPH 2164 13 11 come come VB 2164 13 12 - - HYPH 2164 13 13 first first RB 2164 13 14 - - HYPH 2164 13 15 served served JJ 2164 13 16 ( ( -LRB- 2164 13 17 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 13 18 ) ) -RRB- 2164 13 19 is be VBZ 2164 13 20 a a DT 2164 13 21 basic basic JJ 2164 13 22 principle principle NN 2164 13 23 of of IN 2164 13 24 fairness fairness NN 2164 13 25 . . . 2164 14 1 “ " `` 2164 14 2 I -PRON- PRP 2164 14 3 was be VBD 2164 14 4 here here RB 2164 14 5 first first JJ 2164 14 6 , , , 2164 14 7 ” " '' 2164 14 8 is be VBZ 2164 14 9 an an DT 2164 14 10 intuitive intuitive JJ 2164 14 11 claim claim NN 2164 14 12 that that IN 2164 14 13 we -PRON- PRP 2164 14 14 understand understand VBP 2164 14 15 from from IN 2164 14 16 an an DT 2164 14 17 early early JJ 2164 14 18 age age NN 2164 14 19 . . . 2164 15 1 However however RB 2164 15 2 , , , 2164 15 3 Stuart Stuart NNP 2164 15 4 Williamson Williamson NNP 2164 15 5 ( ( -LRB- 2164 15 6 swilliamson@metrolibrary.org swilliamson@metrolibrary.org NN 2164 15 7 ) ) -RRB- 2164 15 8 is be VBZ 2164 15 9 Researcher Researcher NNP 2164 15 10 , , , 2164 15 11 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP 2164 15 12 Library Library NNP 2164 15 13 System System NNP 2164 15 14 , , , 2164 15 15 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 2164 15 16 City City NNP 2164 15 17 , , , 2164 15 18 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP 2164 15 19 . . . 2164 16 1 mailto:swilliamson@metrolibrary.org mailto:swilliamson@metrolibrary.org NNP 2164 16 2 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 2164 16 3 TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY NNP 2164 16 4 AND and CC 2164 16 5 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 2164 16 6 | | NNP 2164 16 7 JUNE JUNE NNP 2164 16 8 2012 2012 CD 2164 16 9 73 73 CD 2164 16 10 the the DT 2164 16 11 inefficiency inefficiency NN 2164 16 12 present present NN 2164 16 13 in in IN 2164 16 14 a a DT 2164 16 15 strictly strictly RB 2164 16 16 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 16 17 queue queue NN 2164 16 18 is be VBZ 2164 16 19 implicitly implicitly RB 2164 16 20 acknowledged acknowledge VBN 2164 16 21 when when WRB 2164 16 22 we -PRON- PRP 2164 16 23 courteously courteously RB 2164 16 24 invite invite VBP 2164 16 25 a a DT 2164 16 26 person person NN 2164 16 27 with with IN 2164 16 28 only only RB 2164 16 29 a a DT 2164 16 30 few few JJ 2164 16 31 items item NNS 2164 16 32 to to TO 2164 16 33 bypass bypass VB 2164 16 34 our -PRON- PRP$ 2164 16 35 overflowing overflow VBG 2164 16 36 grocery grocery NN 2164 16 37 cart cart NN 2164 16 38 to to TO 2164 16 39 proceed proceed VB 2164 16 40 ahead ahead RB 2164 16 41 in in IN 2164 16 42 the the DT 2164 16 43 check check VB 2164 16 44 - - HYPH 2164 16 45 out out RP 2164 16 46 line line NN 2164 16 47 . . . 2164 17 1 Most Most JJS 2164 17 2 of of IN 2164 17 3 us -PRON- PRP 2164 17 4 would would MD 2164 17 5 agree agree VB 2164 17 6 to to TO 2164 17 7 wait wait VB 2164 17 8 an an DT 2164 17 9 additional additional JJ 2164 17 10 few few JJ 2164 17 11 minutes minute NNS 2164 17 12 rather rather RB 2164 17 13 than than IN 2164 17 14 delay delay VB 2164 17 15 someone someone NN 2164 17 16 else else RB 2164 17 17 for for IN 2164 17 18 a a DT 2164 17 19 much much RB 2164 17 20 greater great JJR 2164 17 21 length length NN 2164 17 22 of of IN 2164 17 23 time time NN 2164 17 24 . . . 2164 18 1 When when WRB 2164 18 2 express express JJ 2164 18 3 lanes lane NNS 2164 18 4 are be VBP 2164 18 5 present present JJ 2164 18 6 , , , 2164 18 7 they -PRON- PRP 2164 18 8 formalize formalize VBP 2164 18 9 this this DT 2164 18 10 process process NN 2164 18 11 by by IN 2164 18 12 essentially essentially RB 2164 18 13 allowing allow VBG 2164 18 14 customers customer NNS 2164 18 15 needing need VBG 2164 18 16 help help NN 2164 18 17 for for IN 2164 18 18 only only RB 2164 18 19 a a DT 2164 18 20 short short JJ 2164 18 21 period period NN 2164 18 22 of of IN 2164 18 23 time time NN 2164 18 24 to to TO 2164 18 25 cut cut VB 2164 18 26 in in IN 2164 18 27 line line NN 2164 18 28 . . . 2164 19 1 These these DT 2164 19 2 line line NN 2164 19 3 cuts cut NNS 2164 19 4 are be VBP 2164 19 5 masked mask VBN 2164 19 6 by by IN 2164 19 7 the the DT 2164 19 8 establishment establishment NN 2164 19 9 of of IN 2164 19 10 separate separate JJ 2164 19 11 dedicated dedicated JJ 2164 19 12 lines line NNS 2164 19 13 , , , 2164 19 14 i.e. i.e. FW 2164 19 15 , , , 2164 19 16 the the DT 2164 19 17 queue queue NN 2164 19 18 is be VBZ 2164 19 19 partitioned partition VBN 2164 19 20 into into IN 2164 19 21 express express JJ 2164 19 22 and and CC 2164 19 23 non non JJ 2164 19 24 - - JJ 2164 19 25 express express JJ 2164 19 26 lines line NNS 2164 19 27 . . . 2164 20 1 One one CD 2164 20 2 question question NN 2164 20 3 addressed address VBN 2164 20 4 by by IN 2164 20 5 this this DT 2164 20 6 article article NN 2164 20 7 is be VBZ 2164 20 8 “ " `` 2164 20 9 is be VBZ 2164 20 10 there there EX 2164 20 11 a a DT 2164 20 12 middle middle JJ 2164 20 13 ground ground NN 2164 20 14 ? ? . 2164 20 15 ” " '' 2164 20 16 In in IN 2164 20 17 other other JJ 2164 20 18 words word NNS 2164 20 19 , , , 2164 20 20 how how WRB 2164 20 21 might may MD 2164 20 22 a a DT 2164 20 23 library library NN 2164 20 24 system system NN 2164 20 25 set set VBD 2164 20 26 up up RP 2164 20 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 2164 20 28 computer computer NN 2164 20 29 waiting wait VBG 2164 20 30 queue queue NN 2164 20 31 to to TO 2164 20 32 achieve achieve VB 2164 20 33 express express JJ 2164 20 34 - - HYPH 2164 20 35 lane lane NN 2164 20 36 type type NN 2164 20 37 service service NN 2164 20 38 without without IN 2164 20 39 splitting split VBG 2164 20 40 the the DT 2164 20 41 set set NN 2164 20 42 of of IN 2164 20 43 public public JJ 2164 20 44 internet internet NN 2164 20 45 computers computer NNS 2164 20 46 into into IN 2164 20 47 partitions partition NNS 2164 20 48 that that WDT 2164 20 49 operate operate VBP 2164 20 50 separately separately RB 2164 20 51 and and CC 2164 20 52 in in IN 2164 20 53 parallel parallel NN 2164 20 54 ? ? . 2164 21 1 Several several JJ 2164 21 2 such such JJ 2164 21 3 strategies strategy NNS 2164 21 4 are be VBP 2164 21 5 presented present VBN 2164 21 6 here here RB 2164 21 7 along along IN 2164 21 8 with with IN 2164 21 9 the the DT 2164 21 10 results result NNS 2164 21 11 of of IN 2164 21 12 how how WRB 2164 21 13 each each DT 2164 21 14 performed perform VBN 2164 21 15 in in IN 2164 21 16 a a DT 2164 21 17 computer computer NN 2164 21 18 simulation simulation NN 2164 21 19 using use VBG 2164 21 20 actual actual JJ 2164 21 21 customer customer NN 2164 21 22 usage usage NN 2164 21 23 data datum NNS 2164 21 24 from from IN 2164 21 25 a a DT 2164 21 26 public public JJ 2164 21 27 library library NN 2164 21 28 . . . 2164 22 1 STRATEGIES STRATEGIES NNP 2164 22 2 Queuing Queuing NNP 2164 22 3 systems system NNS 2164 22 4 are be VBP 2164 22 5 heavily heavily RB 2164 22 6 researched research VBN 2164 22 7 in in IN 2164 22 8 a a DT 2164 22 9 number number NN 2164 22 10 of of IN 2164 22 11 disciplines discipline NNS 2164 22 12 , , , 2164 22 13 particularly particularly RB 2164 22 14 computer computer NN 2164 22 15 science science NN 2164 22 16 and and CC 2164 22 17 operations operation NNS 2164 22 18 research research NN 2164 22 19 . . . 2164 23 1 The the DT 2164 23 2 complexity complexity NN 2164 23 3 and and CC 2164 23 4 sheer sheer JJ 2164 23 5 number number NN 2164 23 6 of of IN 2164 23 7 different different JJ 2164 23 8 queuing queuing NN 2164 23 9 models model NNS 2164 23 10 can can MD 2164 23 11 present present VB 2164 23 12 a a DT 2164 23 13 formidable formidable JJ 2164 23 14 barrier barrier NN 2164 23 15 to to IN 2164 23 16 library library JJ 2164 23 17 professionals professional NNS 2164 23 18 . . . 2164 24 1 This this DT 2164 24 2 is be VBZ 2164 24 3 because because IN 2164 24 4 , , , 2164 24 5 in in IN 2164 24 6 the the DT 2164 24 7 absence absence NN 2164 24 8 of of IN 2164 24 9 real real JJ 2164 24 10 - - HYPH 2164 24 11 world world NN 2164 24 12 data datum NNS 2164 24 13 , , , 2164 24 14 it -PRON- PRP 2164 24 15 is be VBZ 2164 24 16 often often RB 2164 24 17 necessary necessary JJ 2164 24 18 to to TO 2164 24 19 analyze analyze VB 2164 24 20 a a DT 2164 24 21 queuing queuing NN 2164 24 22 system system NN 2164 24 23 mathematically mathematically RB 2164 24 24 by by IN 2164 24 25 approximating approximate VBG 2164 24 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 2164 24 27 key key JJ 2164 24 28 features feature NNS 2164 24 29 with with IN 2164 24 30 an an DT 2164 24 31 applicable applicable JJ 2164 24 32 probability probability NN 2164 24 33 distribution distribution NN 2164 24 34 . . . 2164 25 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 2164 25 2 , , , 2164 25 3 applying apply VBG 2164 25 4 these these DT 2164 25 5 distributions distribution NNS 2164 25 6 entails entail VBZ 2164 25 7 adopting adopt VBG 2164 25 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 25 9 underlying underlie VBG 2164 25 10 assumptions assumption NNS 2164 25 11 as as RB 2164 25 12 well well RB 2164 25 13 as as IN 2164 25 14 any any DT 2164 25 15 additional additional JJ 2164 25 16 assumptions assumption NNS 2164 25 17 involved involve VBN 2164 25 18 in in IN 2164 25 19 calculating calculate VBG 2164 25 20 the the DT 2164 25 21 input input NN 2164 25 22 parameters parameter NNS 2164 25 23 . . . 2164 26 1 For for IN 2164 26 2 instance instance NN 2164 26 3 , , , 2164 26 4 the the DT 2164 26 5 Poisson Poisson NNP 2164 26 6 distribution distribution NN 2164 26 7 ( ( -LRB- 2164 26 8 used use VBN 2164 26 9 to to TO 2164 26 10 approximate approximate VB 2164 26 11 customer customer NN 2164 26 12 arrival arrival NN 2164 26 13 rates rate NNS 2164 26 14 ) ) -RRB- 2164 26 15 requires require VBZ 2164 26 16 that that IN 2164 26 17 the the DT 2164 26 18 expected expect VBN 2164 26 19 arrival arrival NN 2164 26 20 rate rate NN 2164 26 21 be be VB 2164 26 22 uniform uniform JJ 2164 26 23 across across IN 2164 26 24 all all DT 2164 26 25 time time NN 2164 26 26 intervals interval NNS 2164 26 27 , , , 2164 26 28 an an DT 2164 26 29 assumption assumption NN 2164 26 30 which which WDT 2164 26 31 is be VBZ 2164 26 32 clearly clearly RB 2164 26 33 violated violate VBN 2164 26 34 when when WRB 2164 26 35 school school NN 2164 26 36 lets let VBZ 2164 26 37 out out RP 2164 26 38 and and CC 2164 26 39 teenagers teenager NNS 2164 26 40 suddenly suddenly RB 2164 26 41 swarm swarm VBP 2164 26 42 the the DT 2164 26 43 computers.2 computers.2 CD 2164 26 44 Even even RB 2164 26 45 if if IN 2164 26 46 we -PRON- PRP 2164 26 47 can can MD 2164 26 48 account account VB 2164 26 49 for for IN 2164 26 50 such such JJ 2164 26 51 discrepancies discrepancy NNS 2164 26 52 , , , 2164 26 53 there there EX 2164 26 54 remains remain VBZ 2164 26 55 the the DT 2164 26 56 difficulty difficulty NN 2164 26 57 of of IN 2164 26 58 estimating estimate VBG 2164 26 59 the the DT 2164 26 60 correct correct JJ 2164 26 61 arrival arrival NN 2164 26 62 rate rate NN 2164 26 63 parameter parameter NN 2164 26 64 for for IN 2164 26 65 each each DT 2164 26 66 discrete discrete JJ 2164 26 67 time time NN 2164 26 68 interval interval NN 2164 26 69 being be VBG 2164 26 70 analyzed analyze VBN 2164 26 71 . . . 2164 27 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 2164 27 2 , , , 2164 27 3 many many JJ 2164 27 4 libraries library NNS 2164 27 5 now now RB 2164 27 6 use use VBP 2164 27 7 automated automate VBN 2164 27 8 computer computer NN 2164 27 9 sign sign NN 2164 27 10 - - HYPH 2164 27 11 up up RP 2164 27 12 systems system NNS 2164 27 13 which which WDT 2164 27 14 provide provide VBP 2164 27 15 access access NN 2164 27 16 to to IN 2164 27 17 vast vast JJ 2164 27 18 amounts amount NNS 2164 27 19 of of IN 2164 27 20 real real JJ 2164 27 21 - - HYPH 2164 27 22 world world NN 2164 27 23 data datum NNS 2164 27 24 . . . 2164 28 1 With with IN 2164 28 2 realistic realistic JJ 2164 28 3 data datum NNS 2164 28 4 , , , 2164 28 5 it -PRON- PRP 2164 28 6 is be VBZ 2164 28 7 possible possible JJ 2164 28 8 to to TO 2164 28 9 simulate simulate VB 2164 28 10 various various JJ 2164 28 11 queuing queuing NN 2164 28 12 strategies strategy NNS 2164 28 13 , , , 2164 28 14 a a DT 2164 28 15 few few JJ 2164 28 16 of of IN 2164 28 17 which which WDT 2164 28 18 will will MD 2164 28 19 be be VB 2164 28 20 analyzed analyze VBN 2164 28 21 in in IN 2164 28 22 this this DT 2164 28 23 article article NN 2164 28 24 . . . 2164 29 1 A a DT 2164 29 2 computer computer NN 2164 29 3 simulation simulation NN 2164 29 4 using use VBG 2164 29 5 real real JJ 2164 29 6 - - HYPH 2164 29 7 world world NN 2164 29 8 data datum NNS 2164 29 9 provides provide VBZ 2164 29 10 a a DT 2164 29 11 good good JJ 2164 29 12 picture picture NN 2164 29 13 of of IN 2164 29 14 the the DT 2164 29 15 practical practical JJ 2164 29 16 implications implication NNS 2164 29 17 of of IN 2164 29 18 any any DT 2164 29 19 queuing queuing NN 2164 29 20 strategy strategy NN 2164 29 21 we -PRON- PRP 2164 29 22 care care VBP 2164 29 23 to to TO 2164 29 24 devise devise VB 2164 29 25 without without IN 2164 29 26 the the DT 2164 29 27 need need NN 2164 29 28 for for IN 2164 29 29 complex complex JJ 2164 29 30 models model NNS 2164 29 31 . . . 2164 30 1 As as IN 2164 30 2 is be VBZ 2164 30 3 often often RB 2164 30 4 the the DT 2164 30 5 case case NN 2164 30 6 , , , 2164 30 7 designing design VBG 2164 30 8 a a DT 2164 30 9 waiting wait VBG 2164 30 10 queue queue NN 2164 30 11 strategy strategy NN 2164 30 12 involves involve VBZ 2164 30 13 striking strike VBG 2164 30 14 a a DT 2164 30 15 balance balance NN 2164 30 16 among among IN 2164 30 17 competing compete VBG 2164 30 18 factors factor NNS 2164 30 19 . . . 2164 31 1 For for IN 2164 31 2 instance instance NN 2164 31 3 , , , 2164 31 4 one one CD 2164 31 5 way way NN 2164 31 6 of of IN 2164 31 7 reducing reduce VBG 2164 31 8 waiting waiting NN 2164 31 9 times time NNS 2164 31 10 involves involve VBZ 2164 31 11 breaking break VBG 2164 31 12 with with IN 2164 31 13 the the DT 2164 31 14 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 31 15 rule rule NN 2164 31 16 and and CC 2164 31 17 allowing allow VBG 2164 31 18 users user NNS 2164 31 19 in in IN 2164 31 20 one one CD 2164 31 21 category category NN 2164 31 22 to to TO 2164 31 23 cut cut VB 2164 31 24 in in IN 2164 31 25 front front NN 2164 31 26 of of IN 2164 31 27 other other JJ 2164 31 28 users user NNS 2164 31 29 . . . 2164 32 1 How how WRB 2164 32 2 many many JJ 2164 32 3 cuts cut NNS 2164 32 4 are be VBP 2164 32 5 acceptable acceptable JJ 2164 32 6 ? ? . 2164 33 1 Does do VBZ 2164 33 2 the the DT 2164 33 3 shorter short JJR 2164 33 4 wait wait VB 2164 33 5 time time NN 2164 33 6 for for IN 2164 33 7 users user NNS 2164 33 8 in in IN 2164 33 9 one one CD 2164 33 10 category category NN 2164 33 11 justify justify VBP 2164 33 12 the the DT 2164 33 13 longer long JJR 2164 33 14 waits wait NNS 2164 33 15 in in IN 2164 33 16 another another DT 2164 33 17 ? ? . 2164 34 1 There there EX 2164 34 2 are be VBP 2164 34 3 no no DT 2164 34 4 right right JJ 2164 34 5 answers answer NNS 2164 34 6 to to IN 2164 34 7 these these DT 2164 34 8 questions question NNS 2164 34 9 . . . 2164 35 1 While while IN 2164 35 2 simulating simulate VBG 2164 35 3 a a DT 2164 35 4 strategy strategy NN 2164 35 5 can can MD 2164 35 6 provide provide VB 2164 35 7 a a DT 2164 35 8 realistic realistic JJ 2164 35 9 picture picture NN 2164 35 10 of of IN 2164 35 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 2164 35 12 results result NNS 2164 35 13 in in IN 2164 35 14 terms term NNS 2164 35 15 of of IN 2164 35 16 waiting wait VBG 2164 35 17 times time NNS 2164 35 18 , , , 2164 35 19 evaluating evaluate VBG 2164 35 20 which which WDT 2164 35 21 strategy strategy NN 2164 35 22 ’s ’s NN 2164 35 23 results result NNS 2164 35 24 are be VBP 2164 35 25 preferable preferable JJ 2164 35 26 for for IN 2164 35 27 a a DT 2164 35 28 particular particular JJ 2164 35 29 library library NN 2164 35 30 must must MD 2164 35 31 be be VB 2164 35 32 done do VBN 2164 35 33 on on IN 2164 35 34 a a DT 2164 35 35 case case NN 2164 35 36 - - HYPH 2164 35 37 by by IN 2164 35 38 - - HYPH 2164 35 39 case case NN 2164 35 40 basis basis NN 2164 35 41 . . . 2164 36 1 In in IN 2164 36 2 addition addition NN 2164 36 3 to to IN 2164 36 4 the the DT 2164 36 5 standard standard JJ 2164 36 6 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 36 7 strategy strategy NN 2164 36 8 with with IN 2164 36 9 a a DT 2164 36 10 single single JJ 2164 36 11 pool pool NN 2164 36 12 of of IN 2164 36 13 computers computer NNS 2164 36 14 and and CC 2164 36 15 the the DT 2164 36 16 same same JJ 2164 36 17 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 36 18 strategy strategy NN 2164 36 19 implemented implement VBN 2164 36 20 with with IN 2164 36 21 one one CD 2164 36 22 computer computer NN 2164 36 23 removed remove VBN 2164 36 24 from from IN 2164 36 25 the the DT 2164 36 26 pool pool NN 2164 36 27 to to TO 2164 36 28 serve serve VB 2164 36 29 as as IN 2164 36 30 a a DT 2164 36 31 dedicated dedicated JJ 2164 36 32 fifteen- fifteen- NN 2164 36 33 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNP 2164 36 34 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 2164 36 35 COMPUTER computer NN 2164 36 36 WAITING waiting NN 2164 36 37 QUEUES QUEUES NNP 2164 36 38 | | NNP 2164 36 39 WILLIAMSON williamson NN 2164 36 40 74 74 CD 2164 36 41 minute minute NN 2164 36 42 express express JJ 2164 36 43 computer computer NN 2164 36 44 ( ( -LRB- 2164 36 45 referred refer VBN 2164 36 46 to to IN 2164 36 47 as as IN 2164 36 48 FCFS-15 fcfs-15 CD 2164 36 49 ) ) -RRB- 2164 36 50 , , , 2164 36 51 we -PRON- PRP 2164 36 52 will will MD 2164 36 53 consider consider VB 2164 36 54 for for IN 2164 36 55 comparison comparison NN 2164 36 56 three three CD 2164 36 57 other other JJ 2164 36 58 well well RB 2164 36 59 - - HYPH 2164 36 60 known know VBN 2164 36 61 alternative alternative JJ 2164 36 62 queuing queuing NN 2164 36 63 strategies strategy NNS 2164 36 64 : : : 2164 36 65 Shortest short JJS 2164 36 66 - - HYPH 2164 36 67 Job Job NNP 2164 36 68 - - HYPH 2164 36 69 First First NNP 2164 36 70 ( ( -LRB- 2164 36 71 SJF SJF NNP 2164 36 72 ) ) -RRB- 2164 36 73 , , , 2164 36 74 Highest high JJS 2164 36 75 - - HYPH 2164 36 76 Response response NN 2164 36 77 - - HYPH 2164 36 78 Ratio ratio NN 2164 36 79 - - HYPH 2164 36 80 Next Next NNP 2164 36 81 ( ( -LRB- 2164 36 82 HRRN HRRN NNP 2164 36 83 ) ) -RRB- 2164 36 84 , , , 2164 36 85 and and CC 2164 36 86 a a DT 2164 36 87 variant variant NN 2164 36 88 of of IN 2164 36 89 Shortest short JJS 2164 36 90 - - HYPH 2164 36 91 Job Job NNP 2164 36 92 - - HYPH 2164 36 93 First First NNP 2164 36 94 ( ( -LRB- 2164 36 95 SJF SJF NNP 2164 36 96 - - HYPH 2164 36 97 FB FB NNP 2164 36 98 ) ) -RRB- 2164 36 99 which which WDT 2164 36 100 employs employ VBZ 2164 36 101 a a DT 2164 36 102 feedback feedback NN 2164 36 103 mechanism mechanism NN 2164 36 104 to to TO 2164 36 105 restrict restrict VB 2164 36 106 the the DT 2164 36 107 number number NN 2164 36 108 of of IN 2164 36 109 times time NNS 2164 36 110 a a DT 2164 36 111 given give VBN 2164 36 112 user user NN 2164 36 113 may may MD 2164 36 114 be be VB 2164 36 115 bypassed bypass VBN 2164 36 116 in in IN 2164 36 117 the the DT 2164 36 118 queue.3 queue.3 NN 2164 36 119 The the DT 2164 36 120 three three CD 2164 36 121 alternative alternative JJ 2164 36 122 strategies strategy NNS 2164 36 123 all all DT 2164 36 124 require require VBP 2164 36 125 advance advance JJ 2164 36 126 knowledge knowledge NN 2164 36 127 or or CC 2164 36 128 estimation estimation NN 2164 36 129 of of IN 2164 36 130 how how WRB 2164 36 131 long long JJ 2164 36 132 each each DT 2164 36 133 particular particular JJ 2164 36 134 computer computer NN 2164 36 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minutes minute NNS 2164 106 33 or or CC 2164 106 34 less less JJR 2164 106 35 . . . 2164 107 1 In in IN 2164 107 2 all all DT 2164 107 3 but but IN 2164 107 4 the the DT 2164 107 5 highest high JJS 2164 107 6 priority priority NN 2164 107 7 class class NN 2164 107 8 ( ( -LRB- 2164 107 9 P-2 P-2 NNP 2164 107 10 through through IN 2164 107 11 P-4 P-4 NNP 2164 107 12 ) ) -RRB- 2164 107 13 , , , 2164 107 14 the the DT 2164 107 15 FCFS-15 fcfs-15 CD 2164 107 16 strategy strategy NN 2164 107 17 again again RB 2164 107 18 performs perform VBZ 2164 107 19 poorly poorly RB 2164 107 20 with with IN 2164 107 21 at at RB 2164 107 22 least least RBS 2164 107 23 one one CD 2164 107 24 user user NN 2164 107 25 in in IN 2164 107 26 each each DT 2164 107 27 of of IN 2164 107 28 these these DT 2164 107 29 classes class NNS 2164 107 30 waiting wait VBG 2164 107 31 over over IN 2164 107 32 ninety ninety CD 2164 107 33 minutes minute NNS 2164 107 34 for for IN 2164 107 35 a a DT 2164 107 36 computer computer NN 2164 107 37 . . . 2164 108 1 Figure figure NN 2164 108 2 2 2 CD 2164 108 3 . . . 2164 109 1 Maximum Maximum NNP 2164 109 2 User User NNP 2164 109 3 Wait Wait NNP 2164 109 4 Minutes Minutes NNPS 2164 109 5 by by IN 2164 109 6 Priority Priority NNP 2164 109 7 Class Class NNP 2164 109 8 Capping Capping NNP 2164 109 9 the the DT 2164 109 10 number number NN 2164 109 11 of of IN 2164 109 12 times time NNS 2164 109 13 a a DT 2164 109 14 user user NN 2164 109 15 may may MD 2164 109 16 be be VB 2164 109 17 passed pass VBN 2164 109 18 over over RP 2164 109 19 in in IN 2164 109 20 the the DT 2164 109 21 queue queue NN 2164 109 22 under under IN 2164 109 23 the the DT 2164 109 24 SFJ SFJ NNP 2164 109 25 - - HYPH 2164 109 26 FB fb NN 2164 109 27 strategy strategy NN 2164 109 28 makes make VBZ 2164 109 29 it -PRON- PRP 2164 109 30 less less RBR 2164 109 31 likely likely JJ 2164 109 32 that that IN 2164 109 33 members member NNS 2164 109 34 of of IN 2164 109 35 classes class NNS 2164 109 36 P-2 P-2 NNP 2164 109 37 and and CC 2164 109 38 P-3 P-3 NNP 2164 109 39 will will MD 2164 109 40 be be VB 2164 109 41 able able JJ 2164 109 42 to to TO 2164 109 43 take take VB 2164 109 44 advantage advantage NN 2164 109 45 of of IN 2164 109 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 109 47 higher high JJR 2164 109 48 priority priority NN 2164 109 49 to to TO 2164 109 50 cut cut VB 2164 109 51 in in IN 2164 109 52 front front NN 2164 109 53 of of IN 2164 109 54 users user NNS 2164 109 55 in in IN 2164 109 56 class class NN 2164 109 57 P-4 P-4 NNP 2164 109 58 during during IN 2164 109 59 periods period NNS 2164 109 60 of of IN 2164 109 61 peak peak NN 2164 109 62 demand demand NN 2164 109 63 . . . 2164 110 1 As as IN 2164 110 2 a a DT 2164 110 3 result result NN 2164 110 4 , , , 2164 110 5 the the DT 2164 110 6 SJF SJF NNP 2164 110 7 - - HYPH 2164 110 8 FB FB NNP 2164 110 9 maximum maximum NN 2164 110 10 wait wait NN 2164 110 11 times time NNS 2164 110 12 for for IN 2164 110 13 classes class NNS 2164 110 14 P-2 P-2 NNP 2164 110 15 and and CC 2164 110 16 P-3 P-3 NNP 2164 110 17 are be VBP 2164 110 18 similar similar JJ 2164 110 19 to to IN 2164 110 20 those those DT 2164 110 21 under under IN 2164 110 22 the the DT 2164 110 23 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 110 24 strategy strategy NN 2164 110 25 . . . 2164 111 1 This this DT 2164 111 2 was be VBD 2164 111 3 not not RB 2164 111 4 the the DT 2164 111 5 case case NN 2164 111 6 in in IN 2164 111 7 the the DT 2164 111 8 breakdown breakdown NN 2164 111 9 of of IN 2164 111 10 SJF SJF NNP 2164 111 11 - - HYPH 2164 111 12 FB FB NNP 2164 111 13 average average JJ 2164 111 14 waiting wait VBG 2164 111 15 times time NNS 2164 111 16 across across IN 2164 111 17 priority priority NN 2164 111 18 classes class NNS 2164 111 19 in in IN 2164 111 20 figure figure NN 2164 111 21 1 1 CD 2164 111 22 . . . 2164 112 1 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 2164 112 2 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 2164 112 3 AND and CC 2164 112 4 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 2164 112 5 | | NNP 2164 112 6 JUNE JUNE NNP 2164 112 7 2012 2012 CD 2164 112 8 79 79 CD 2164 112 9 Table table NN 2164 112 10 3 3 CD 2164 112 11 breaks break VBZ 2164 112 12 down down RP 2164 112 13 waiting wait VBG 2164 112 14 times time NNS 2164 112 15 for for IN 2164 112 16 each each DT 2164 112 17 queuing queuing NN 2164 112 18 strategy strategy NN 2164 112 19 according accord VBG 2164 112 20 to to IN 2164 112 21 the the DT 2164 112 22 overall overall JJ 2164 112 23 percentage percentage NN 2164 112 24 of of IN 2164 112 25 users user NNS 2164 112 26 waiting wait VBG 2164 112 27 no no RB 2164 112 28 more more JJR 2164 112 29 than than IN 2164 112 30 the the DT 2164 112 31 given give VBN 2164 112 32 number number NN 2164 112 33 of of IN 2164 112 34 minutes minute NNS 2164 112 35 . . . 2164 113 1 Here here RB 2164 113 2 we -PRON- PRP 2164 113 3 see see VBP 2164 113 4 the the DT 2164 113 5 effects effect NNS 2164 113 6 of of IN 2164 113 7 each each DT 2164 113 8 strategy strategy NN 2164 113 9 on on IN 2164 113 10 the the DT 2164 113 11 system system NN 2164 113 12 as as IN 2164 113 13 a a DT 2164 113 14 whole whole NN 2164 113 15 , , , 2164 113 16 instead instead RB 2164 113 17 of of IN 2164 113 18 by by IN 2164 113 19 priority priority NN 2164 113 20 class class NN 2164 113 21 . . . 2164 114 1 Notice notice VB 2164 114 2 that that IN 2164 114 3 the the DT 2164 114 4 overall overall JJ 2164 114 5 average average JJ 2164 114 6 wait wait VBP 2164 114 7 times time NNS 2164 114 8 for for IN 2164 114 9 the the DT 2164 114 10 non non JJ 2164 114 11 - - JJ 2164 114 12 FCFS fcfs JJ 2164 114 13 strategies strategy NNS 2164 114 14 are be VBP 2164 114 15 lower low JJR 2164 114 16 than than IN 2164 114 17 those those DT 2164 114 18 of of IN 2164 114 19 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 114 20 . . . 2164 115 1 This this DT 2164 115 2 indicates indicate VBZ 2164 115 3 that that IN 2164 115 4 the the DT 2164 115 5 total total JJ 2164 115 6 reduction reduction NN 2164 115 7 in in IN 2164 115 8 waiting wait VBG 2164 115 9 times time NNS 2164 115 10 for for IN 2164 115 11 high high JJ 2164 115 12 - - HYPH 2164 115 13 priority priority NN 2164 115 14 users user NNS 2164 115 15 exceeds exceed VBZ 2164 115 16 the the DT 2164 115 17 additional additional JJ 2164 115 18 time time NN 2164 115 19 spent spend VBN 2164 115 20 waiting wait VBG 2164 115 21 by by IN 2164 115 22 users user NNS 2164 115 23 in in IN 2164 115 24 class class NN 2164 115 25 P-4 P-4 NNP 2164 115 26 . . . 2164 116 1 In in IN 2164 116 2 other other JJ 2164 116 3 words word NNS 2164 116 4 , , , 2164 116 5 these these DT 2164 116 6 strategies strategy NNS 2164 116 7 are be VBP 2164 116 8 globally globally RB 2164 116 9 more more RBR 2164 116 10 efficient efficient JJ 2164 116 11 than than IN 2164 116 12 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 116 13 . . . 2164 117 1 Notice notice NN 2164 117 2 , , , 2164 117 3 too too RB 2164 117 4 , , , 2164 117 5 in in IN 2164 117 6 table table NN 2164 117 7 3 3 CD 2164 117 8 that that IN 2164 117 9 the the DT 2164 117 10 non non JJ 2164 117 11 - - JJ 2164 117 12 FCFS fcfs JJ 2164 117 13 strategies strategy NNS 2164 117 14 achieve achieve VBP 2164 117 15 significant significant JJ 2164 117 16 reductions reduction NNS 2164 117 17 in in IN 2164 117 18 the the DT 2164 117 19 median median JJ 2164 117 20 wait wait VBP 2164 117 21 time time NN 2164 117 22 compared compare VBN 2164 117 23 with with IN 2164 117 24 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 117 25 . . . 2164 118 1 Table table NN 2164 118 2 3 3 CD 2164 118 3 . . . 2164 119 1 Distribution distribution NN 2164 119 2 of of IN 2164 119 3 Wait Wait NNP 2164 119 4 Times Times NNP 2164 119 5 by by IN 2164 119 6 Strategy Strategy NNP 2164 119 7 After after IN 2164 119 8 demonstrating demonstrate VBG 2164 119 9 the the DT 2164 119 10 impact impact NN 2164 119 11 that that IN 2164 119 12 breaking break VBG 2164 119 13 the the DT 2164 119 14 first first JJ 2164 119 15 - - HYPH 2164 119 16 come come VBN 2164 119 17 - - HYPH 2164 119 18 first first RB 2164 119 19 - - HYPH 2164 119 20 served serve VBN 2164 119 21 rule rule NN 2164 119 22 can can MD 2164 119 23 have have VB 2164 119 24 on on IN 2164 119 25 waiting wait VBG 2164 119 26 times time NNS 2164 119 27 , , , 2164 119 28 it -PRON- PRP 2164 119 29 is be VBZ 2164 119 30 important important JJ 2164 119 31 to to TO 2164 119 32 examine examine VB 2164 119 33 the the DT 2164 119 34 line line NN 2164 119 35 cuts cut NNS 2164 119 36 that that WDT 2164 119 37 are be VBP 2164 119 38 associated associate VBN 2164 119 39 with with IN 2164 119 40 each each DT 2164 119 41 of of IN 2164 119 42 these these DT 2164 119 43 strategies strategy NNS 2164 119 44 . . . 2164 120 1 Line line NN 2164 120 2 cuts cut NNS 2164 120 3 are be VBP 2164 120 4 recorded record VBN 2164 120 5 by by IN 2164 120 6 each each DT 2164 120 7 user user NN 2164 120 8 in in IN 2164 120 9 the the DT 2164 120 10 simulation simulation NN 2164 120 11 while while IN 2164 120 12 waiting wait VBG 2164 120 13 in in IN 2164 120 14 the the DT 2164 120 15 queue queue NN 2164 120 16 . . . 2164 121 1 Each each DT 2164 121 2 time time NN 2164 121 3 a a DT 2164 121 4 user user NN 2164 121 5 is be VBZ 2164 121 6 selected select VBN 2164 121 7 from from IN 2164 121 8 the the DT 2164 121 9 queue queue NN 2164 121 10 and and CC 2164 121 11 assigned assign VBD 2164 121 12 a a DT 2164 121 13 computer computer NN 2164 121 14 , , , 2164 121 15 remaining remain VBG 2164 121 16 users user NNS 2164 121 17 who who WP 2164 121 18 arrived arrive VBD 2164 121 19 prior prior RB 2164 121 20 to to IN 2164 121 21 the the DT 2164 121 22 one one CD 2164 121 23 just just RB 2164 121 24 selected select VBN 2164 121 25 note note NN 2164 121 26 having have VBG 2164 121 27 been be VBN 2164 121 28 skipped skip VBN 2164 121 29 over over IN 2164 121 30 . . . 2164 122 1 By by IN 2164 122 2 the the DT 2164 122 3 time time NN 2164 122 4 they -PRON- PRP 2164 122 5 are be VBP 2164 122 6 assigned assign VBN 2164 122 7 a a DT 2164 122 8 computer computer NN 2164 122 9 , , , 2164 122 10 users user NNS 2164 122 11 have have VBP 2164 122 12 recorded record VBN 2164 122 13 the the DT 2164 122 14 total total JJ 2164 122 15 number number NN 2164 122 16 of of IN 2164 122 17 times time NNS 2164 122 18 they -PRON- PRP 2164 122 19 were be VBD 2164 122 20 passed pass VBN 2164 122 21 over over RP 2164 122 22 in in IN 2164 122 23 the the DT 2164 122 24 queue queue NN 2164 122 25 . . . 2164 123 1 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNP 2164 123 2 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP 2164 123 3 COMPUTER computer NN 2164 123 4 WAITING waiting NN 2164 123 5 QUEUES QUEUES NNP 2164 123 6 | | NNP 2164 123 7 WILLIAMSON williamson NN 2164 123 8 80 80 CD 2164 123 9 Figure figure NN 2164 123 10 3 3 CD 2164 123 11 . . . 2164 124 1 Cumulative cumulative JJ 2164 124 2 Distribution distribution NN 2164 124 3 of of IN 2164 124 4 Line line NN 2164 124 5 Cuts cut NNS 2164 124 6 by by IN 2164 124 7 Queuing Queuing NNP 2164 124 8 Strategy Strategy NNP 2164 124 9 Figure Figure NNP 2164 124 10 3 3 CD 2164 124 11 displays display VBZ 2164 124 12 the the DT 2164 124 13 cumulative cumulative JJ 2164 124 14 percentage percentage NN 2164 124 15 of of IN 2164 124 16 users user NNS 2164 124 17 experiencing experience VBG 2164 124 18 no no DT 2164 124 19 more more JJR 2164 124 20 than than IN 2164 124 21 the the DT 2164 124 22 listed list VBN 2164 124 23 number number NN 2164 124 24 of of IN 2164 124 25 cuts cut NNS 2164 124 26 for for IN 2164 124 27 each each DT 2164 124 28 non non JJ 2164 124 29 - - JJ 2164 124 30 FCFS fcfs JJ 2164 124 31 strategy strategy NN 2164 124 32 . . . 2164 125 1 The the DT 2164 125 2 majority majority NN 2164 125 3 of of IN 2164 125 4 users user NNS 2164 125 5 are be VBP 2164 125 6 not not RB 2164 125 7 passed pass VBN 2164 125 8 over over RP 2164 125 9 at at RB 2164 125 10 all all RB 2164 125 11 under under IN 2164 125 12 these these DT 2164 125 13 strategies strategy NNS 2164 125 14 . . . 2164 126 1 However however RB 2164 126 2 , , , 2164 126 3 there there EX 2164 126 4 is be VBZ 2164 126 5 a a DT 2164 126 6 small small JJ 2164 126 7 minority minority NN 2164 126 8 of of IN 2164 126 9 users user NNS 2164 126 10 that that WDT 2164 126 11 will will MD 2164 126 12 be be VB 2164 126 13 repeatedly repeatedly RB 2164 126 14 cut cut VBN 2164 126 15 in in IN 2164 126 16 line line NN 2164 126 17 . . . 2164 127 1 For for IN 2164 127 2 instance instance NN 2164 127 3 , , , 2164 127 4 in in IN 2164 127 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 2164 127 6 simulation simulation NN 2164 127 7 , , , 2164 127 8 one one CD 2164 127 9 unfortunate unfortunate JJ 2164 127 10 individual individual NN 2164 127 11 was be VBD 2164 127 12 passed pass VBN 2164 127 13 over over RP 2164 127 14 in in IN 2164 127 15 the the DT 2164 127 16 queue queue NN 2164 127 17 sixteen sixteen CD 2164 127 18 times time NNS 2164 127 19 under under IN 2164 127 20 the the DT 2164 127 21 SJF SJF NNP 2164 127 22 strategy strategy NN 2164 127 23 . . . 2164 128 1 This this DT 2164 128 2 user user NN 2164 128 3 waited wait VBD 2164 128 4 ninety ninety CD 2164 128 5 - - HYPH 2164 128 6 one one CD 2164 128 7 minutes minute NNS 2164 128 8 using use VBG 2164 128 9 this this DT 2164 128 10 strategy strategy NN 2164 128 11 as as IN 2164 128 12 opposed oppose VBN 2164 128 13 to to IN 2164 128 14 only only RB 2164 128 15 fifty fifty CD 2164 128 16 - - HYPH 2164 128 17 nine nine CD 2164 128 18 minutes minute NNS 2164 128 19 under under IN 2164 128 20 the the DT 2164 128 21 familiar familiar JJ 2164 128 22 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 128 23 waiting wait VBG 2164 128 24 queue queue NN 2164 128 25 . . . 2164 129 1 Most Most JJS 2164 129 2 customers customer NNS 2164 129 3 would would MD 2164 129 4 become become VB 2164 129 5 upset upset JJ 2164 129 6 upon upon IN 2164 129 7 seeing see VBG 2164 129 8 a a DT 2164 129 9 string string NN 2164 129 10 of of IN 2164 129 11 sixteen sixteen CD 2164 129 12 people people NNS 2164 129 13 jump jump VBP 2164 129 14 over over IN 2164 129 15 them -PRON- PRP 2164 129 16 in in IN 2164 129 17 the the DT 2164 129 18 queue queue NN 2164 129 19 and and CC 2164 129 20 get get VB 2164 129 21 on on IN 2164 129 22 a a DT 2164 129 23 computer computer NN 2164 129 24 while while IN 2164 129 25 they -PRON- PRP 2164 129 26 are be VBP 2164 129 27 enduring endure VBG 2164 129 28 such such PDT 2164 129 29 a a DT 2164 129 30 long long JJ 2164 129 31 wait wait NN 2164 129 32 . . . 2164 130 1 The the DT 2164 130 2 HRRN HRRN NNP 2164 130 3 strategy strategy NN 2164 130 4 caused cause VBD 2164 130 5 a a DT 2164 130 6 maximum maximum NN 2164 130 7 of of IN 2164 130 8 nine nine CD 2164 130 9 cuts cut NNS 2164 130 10 to to IN 2164 130 11 an an DT 2164 130 12 individual individual NN 2164 130 13 in in IN 2164 130 14 this this DT 2164 130 15 simulation simulation NN 2164 130 16 . . . 2164 131 1 This this DT 2164 131 2 user user NN 2164 131 3 waited wait VBD 2164 131 4 seventy seventy CD 2164 131 5 - - HYPH 2164 131 6 three three CD 2164 131 7 minutes minute NNS 2164 131 8 under under IN 2164 131 9 HRRN HRRN NNP 2164 131 10 versus versus IN 2164 131 11 only only RB 2164 131 12 fifty fifty CD 2164 131 13 - - HYPH 2164 131 14 five five CD 2164 131 15 minutes minute NNS 2164 131 16 using use VBG 2164 131 17 FCFS FCFS NNP 2164 131 18 . . . 2164 132 1 Extreme extreme JJ 2164 132 2 examples example NNS 2164 132 3 such such JJ 2164 132 4 as as IN 2164 132 5 those those DT 2164 132 6 above above RB 2164 132 7 are be VBP 2164 132 8 the the DT 2164 132 9 exception exception NN 2164 132 10 . . . 2164 133 1 Under under IN 2164 133 2 the the DT 2164 133 3 HRRN HRRN NNP 2164 133 4 and and CC 2164 133 5 SJF SJF NNP 2164 133 6 - - HYPH 2164 133 7 FB FB NNP 2164 133 8 strategies strategy NNS 2164 133 9 , , , 2164 133 10 99 99 CD 2164 133 11 % % NN 2164 133 12 of of IN 2164 133 13 users user NNS 2164 133 14 were be VBD 2164 133 15 passed pass VBN 2164 133 16 over over RP 2164 133 17 at at IN 2164 133 18 most most RBS 2164 133 19 four four CD 2164 133 20 times time NNS 2164 133 21 while while IN 2164 133 22 waiting wait VBG 2164 133 23 in in IN 2164 133 24 the the DT 2164 133 25 queue queue NN 2164 133 26 . . . 2164 134 1 CONCLUSION conclusion NN 2164 134 2 We -PRON- PRP 2164 134 3 have have VBP 2164 134 4 examined examine VBN 2164 134 5 the the DT 2164 134 6 simulation simulation NN 2164 134 7 of of IN 2164 134 8 several several JJ 2164 134 9 queuing queuing NN 2164 134 10 strategies strategy NNS 2164 134 11 using use VBG 2164 134 12 a a DT 2164 134 13 single single JJ 2164 134 14 month month NN 2164 134 15 of of IN 2164 134 16 computer computer NN 2164 134 17 usage usage NN 2164 134 18 data datum NNS 2164 134 19 from from IN 2164 134 20 the the DT 2164 134 21 Southern Southern NNP 2164 134 22 Oaks Oaks NNPS 2164 134 23 Library Library NNP 2164 134 24 . . . 2164 135 1 The the DT 2164 135 2 relative relative JJ 2164 135 3 performance performance NN 2164 135 4 difference difference NN 2164 135 5 between between IN 2164 135 6 queuing queuing NN 2164 135 7 strategies strategy NNS 2164 135 8 will will MD 2164 135 9 depend depend VB 2164 135 10 on on IN 2164 135 11 the the DT 2164 135 12 supply supply NN 2164 135 13 and and CC 2164 135 14 demand demand NN 2164 135 15 of of IN 2164 135 16 computers computer NNS 2164 135 17 at at IN 2164 135 18 any any DT 2164 135 19 given give VBN 2164 135 20 location location NN 2164 135 21 . . . 2164 136 1 Clearly clearly RB 2164 136 2 , , , 2164 136 3 at at IN 2164 136 4 libraries library NNS 2164 136 5 with with IN 2164 136 6 plenty plenty NN 2164 136 7 of of IN 2164 136 8 public public JJ 2164 136 9 computers computer NNS 2164 136 10 for for IN 2164 136 11 which which WDT 2164 136 12 customers customer NNS 2164 136 13 seldom seldom RB 2164 136 14 have have VBP 2164 136 15 to to TO 2164 136 16 wait wait VB 2164 136 17 , , , 2164 136 18 the the DT 2164 136 19 choice choice NN 2164 136 20 of of IN 2164 136 21 queuing queuing NN 2164 136 22 strategy strategy NN 2164 136 23 is be VBZ 2164 136 24 inconsequential inconsequential JJ 2164 136 25 . . . 2164 137 1 However however RB 2164 137 2 , , , 2164 137 3 for for IN 2164 137 4 libraries library NNS 2164 137 5 struggling struggle VBG 2164 137 6 with with IN 2164 137 7 waiting wait VBG 2164 137 8 times time NNS 2164 137 9 on on IN 2164 137 10 par par NN 2164 137 11 with with IN 2164 137 12 those those DT 2164 137 13 examined examine VBN 2164 137 14 here here RB 2164 137 15 , , , 2164 137 16 the the DT 2164 137 17 choice choice NN 2164 137 18 can can MD 2164 137 19 have have VB 2164 137 20 a a DT 2164 137 21 substantial substantial JJ 2164 137 22 impact impact NN 2164 137 23 . . . 2164 138 1 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 2164 138 2 TECHNOLOGY technology NN 2164 138 3 AND and CC 2164 138 4 LIBRARIES LIBRARIES NNP 2164 138 5 | | NNP 2164 138 6 JUNE JUNE NNP 2164 138 7 2012 2012 CD 2164 138 8 81 81 CD 2164 138 9 In in IN 2164 138 10 general general JJ 2164 138 11 , , , 2164 138 12 however however RB 2164 138 13 , , , 2164 138 14 these these DT 2164 138 15 simulation simulation NN 2164 138 16 results result NNS 2164 138 17 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 2164 138 18 the the DT 2164 138 19 ability ability NN 2164 138 20 of of IN 2164 138 21 non non JJ 2164 138 22 - - JJ 2164 138 23 FCFS fcfs JJ 2164 138 24 queuing queuing NN 2164 138 25 strategies strategy NNS 2164 138 26 to to IN 2164 138 27 significantly significantly RB 2164 138 28 lower lower VB 2164 138 29 waiting wait VBG 2164 138 30 times time NNS 2164 138 31 for for IN 2164 138 32 certain certain JJ 2164 138 33 classes class NNS 2164 138 34 of of IN 2164 138 35 users user NNS 2164 138 36 without without IN 2164 138 37 partitioning partition VBG 2164 138 38 the the DT 2164 138 39 pool pool NN 2164 138 40 of of IN 2164 138 41 computers computer NNS 2164 138 42 . . . 2164 139 1 These these DT 2164 139 2 reductions reduction NNS 2164 139 3 in in IN 2164 139 4 waiting wait VBG 2164 139 5 times time NNS 2164 139 6 come come VBP 2164 139 7 at at IN 2164 139 8 the the DT 2164 139 9 cost cost NN 2164 139 10 of of IN 2164 139 11 allowing allow VBG 2164 139 12 high high JJ 2164 139 13 priority priority NN 2164 139 14 users user NNS 2164 139 15 to to TO 2164 139 16 essentially essentially RB 2164 139 17 cut cut VB 2164 139 18 in in IN 2164 139 19 line line NN 2164 139 20 . . . 2164 140 1 This this DT 2164 140 2 causes cause VBZ 2164 140 3 slightly slightly RB 2164 140 4 longer long RBR 2164 140 5 wait wait VBP 2164 140 6 times time NNS 2164 140 7 for for IN 2164 140 8 low low JJ 2164 140 9 priority priority NN 2164 140 10 users user NNS 2164 140 11 ; ; : 2164 140 12 but but CC 2164 140 13 , , , 2164 140 14 overall overall JJ 2164 140 15 average average JJ 2164 140 16 and and CC 2164 140 17 median median JJ 2164 140 18 wait wait VB 2164 140 19 times time NNS 2164 140 20 see see VBP 2164 140 21 a a DT 2164 140 22 small small JJ 2164 140 23 reduction reduction NN 2164 140 24 . . . 2164 141 1 Of of RB 2164 141 2 course course RB 2164 141 3 , , , 2164 141 4 for for IN 2164 141 5 some some DT 2164 141 6 customers customer NNS 2164 141 7 , , , 2164 141 8 being be VBG 2164 141 9 passed pass VBN 2164 141 10 over over RP 2164 141 11 in in IN 2164 141 12 line line NN 2164 141 13 even even RB 2164 141 14 once once RB 2164 141 15 is be VBZ 2164 141 16 intolerable intolerable JJ 2164 141 17 . . . 2164 142 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 2164 142 2 , , , 2164 142 3 creating create VBG 2164 142 4 a a DT 2164 142 5 system system NN 2164 142 6 to to TO 2164 142 7 implement implement VB 2164 142 8 an an DT 2164 142 9 alternative alternative JJ 2164 142 10 queuing queuing NN 2164 142 11 strategy strategy NN 2164 142 12 may may MD 2164 142 13 present present VB 2164 142 14 obstacles obstacle NNS 2164 142 15 of of IN 2164 142 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 2164 142 17 own own JJ 2164 142 18 . . . 2164 143 1 However however RB 2164 143 2 , , , 2164 143 3 if if IN 2164 143 4 the the DT 2164 143 5 need need NN 2164 143 6 to to TO 2164 143 7 provide provide VB 2164 143 8 for for IN 2164 143 9 quick quick JJ 2164 143 10 , , , 2164 143 11 short short JJ 2164 143 12 - - HYPH 2164 143 13 term term NN 2164 143 14 computer computer NN 2164 143 15 access access NN 2164 143 16 is be VBZ 2164 143 17 pressing press VBG 2164 143 18 enough enough RB 2164 143 19 for for IN 2164 143 20 a a DT 2164 143 21 library library NN 2164 143 22 to to TO 2164 143 23 create create VB 2164 143 24 a a DT 2164 143 25 separate separate JJ 2164 143 26 pool pool NN 2164 143 27 of of IN 2164 143 28 “ " `` 2164 143 29 express express VB 2164 143 30 ” " '' 2164 143 31 computers computer NNS 2164 143 32 ; ; : 2164 143 33 then then RB 2164 143 34 , , , 2164 143 35 one one CD 2164 143 36 of of IN 2164 143 37 the the DT 2164 143 38 non non JJ 2164 143 39 - - JJ 2164 143 40 FCFS fcfs JJ 2164 143 41 queuing queuing NN 2164 143 42 strategies strategy NNS 2164 143 43 discussed discuss VBN 2164 143 44 in in IN 2164 143 45 this this DT 2164 143 46 paper paper NN 2164 143 47 may may MD 2164 143 48 be be VB 2164 143 49 a a DT 2164 143 50 viable viable JJ 2164 143 51 alternative alternative NN 2164 143 52 . . . 2164 144 1 At at IN 2164 144 2 the the DT 2164 144 3 very very RB 2164 144 4 least least JJS 2164 144 5 , , , 2164 144 6 the the DT 2164 144 7 FCFS-15 fcfs-15 CD 2164 144 8 simulation simulation NN 2164 144 9 results result NNS 2164 144 10 should should MD 2164 144 11 give give VB 2164 144 12 one one CD 2164 144 13 pause pause NN 2164 144 14 before before IN 2164 144 15 resorting resort VBG 2164 144 16 to to IN 2164 144 17 designated designate VBN 2164 144 18 “ " `` 2164 144 19 express express NNP 2164 144 20 ” " '' 2164 144 21 and and CC 2164 144 22 “ " `` 2164 144 23 non- non- NNP 2164 144 24 express express NNP 2164 144 25 ” " '' 2164 144 26 computers computer NNS 2164 144 27 in in IN 2164 144 28 an an DT 2164 144 29 attempt attempt NN 2164 144 30 to to TO 2164 144 31 remedy remedy VB 2164 144 32 unacceptable unacceptable JJ 2164 144 33 customer customer NN 2164 144 34 waiting waiting NN 2164 144 35 times time NNS 2164 144 36 . . . 2164 145 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS acknowledgment NNS 2164 145 2 The the DT 2164 145 3 author author NN 2164 145 4 would would MD 2164 145 5 like like VB 2164 145 6 to to TO 2164 145 7 thank thank VB 2164 145 8 the the DT 2164 145 9 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP 2164 145 10 Library Library NNP 2164 145 11 System System NNP 2164 145 12 , , , 2164 145 13 Kay Kay NNP 2164 145 14 Bauman Bauman NNP 2164 145 15 , , , 2164 145 16 Jimmy Jimmy NNP 2164 145 17 Welch Welch NNP 2164 145 18 , , , 2164 145 19 Sudarshan Sudarshan NNP 2164 145 20 Dhall Dhall NNP 2164 145 21 , , , 2164 145 22 and and CC 2164 145 23 Bo Bo NNP 2164 145 24 Kinney Kinney NNP 2164 145 25 for for IN 2164 145 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 145 27 support support NN 2164 145 28 and and CC 2164 145 29 assistance assistance NN 2164 145 30 with with IN 2164 145 31 this this DT 2164 145 32 paper paper NN 2164 145 33 as as RB 2164 145 34 well well RB 2164 145 35 as as IN 2164 145 36 Tracey Tracey NNP 2164 145 37 Thompson Thompson NNP 2164 145 38 and and CC 2164 145 39 Tim Tim NNP 2164 145 40 Spindle Spindle NNP 2164 145 41 for for IN 2164 145 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 2164 145 43 excellent excellent JJ 2164 145 44 review review NN 2164 145 45 and and CC 2164 145 46 recommendations recommendation NNS 2164 145 47 . . . 2164 146 1 REFERENCES reference NNS 2164 146 2 1 1 CD 2164 146 3 . . . 2164 147 1 J. J. NNP 2164 147 2 D. D. NNP 2164 147 3 Slone Slone NNP 2164 147 4 , , , 2164 147 5 “ " `` 2164 147 6 The the DT 2164 147 7 Impact Impact NNP 2164 147 8 of of IN 2164 147 9 Time Time NNP 2164 147 10 Constraints Constraints NNP 2164 147 11 on on IN 2164 147 12 Internet Internet NNP 2164 147 13 and and CC 2164 147 14 Web Web NNP 2164 147 15 Use Use NNP 2164 147 16 , , , 2164 147 17 ” " '' 2164 147 18 Journal Journal NNP 2164 147 19 of of IN 2164 147 20 the the DT 2164 147 21 American American NNP 2164 147 22 Society Society NNP 2164 147 23 for for IN 2164 147 24 Information Information NNP 2164 147 25 Science Science NNP 2164 147 26 and and CC 2164 147 27 Technology Technology NNP 2164 147 28 58 58 CD 2164 147 29 ( ( -LRB- 2164 147 30 2007 2007 CD 2164 147 31 ) ) -RRB- 2164 147 32 : : : 2164 147 33 508–17 508–17 CD 2164 147 34 . . . 2164 148 1 2 2 LS 2164 148 2 . . . 2164 149 1 William William NNP 2164 149 2 Mendenhall Mendenhall NNP 2164 149 3 and and CC 2164 149 4 Terry Terry NNP 2164 149 5 Sincich Sincich NNP 2164 149 6 , , , 2164 149 7 Statistics Statistics NNPS 2164 149 8 for for IN 2164 149 9 Engineering Engineering NNP 2164 149 10 and and CC 2164 149 11 the the DT 2164 149 12 Sciences Sciences NNPS 2164 149 13 ( ( -LRB- 2164 149 14 Upper Upper NNP 2164 149 15 Saddle Saddle NNP 2164 149 16 River River NNP 2164 149 17 , , , 2164 149 18 NJ NJ NNP 2164 149 19 : : : 2164 149 20 Prentice Prentice NNP 2164 149 21 - - HYPH 2164 149 22 Hall Hall NNP 2164 149 23 , , , 2164 149 24 2006 2006 CD 2164 149 25 ) ) -RRB- 2164 149 26 , , , 2164 149 27 151–54 151–54 CD 2164 149 28 . . . 2164 150 1 3 3 LS 2164 150 2 . . . 2164 151 1 Abraham Abraham NNP 2164 151 2 Silberschatz Silberschatz NNP 2164 151 3 , , , 2164 151 4 Peter Peter NNP 2164 151 5 Baer Baer NNP 2164 151 6 Galvin Galvin NNP 2164 151 7 , , , 2164 151 8 and and CC 2164 151 9 Greg Greg NNP 2164 151 10 Gagne Gagne NNP 2164 151 11 , , , 2164 151 12 Operating operate VBG 2164 151 13 System system NN 2164 151 14 Concepts concept NNS 2164 151 15 ( ( -LRB- 2164 151 16 Hoboken Hoboken NNP 2164 151 17 , , , 2164 151 18 NJ NJ NNP 2164 151 19 : : : 2164 151 20 Wiley Wiley NNP 2164 151 21 , , , 2164 151 22 2009 2009 CD 2164 151 23 ) ) -RRB- 2164 151 24 , , , 2164 151 25 188–200 188–200 CD 2164 151 26 . . .