id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
3007	1	1	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNP
3007	1	2	et	et	NNP
3007	1	3	Al	Al	NNP
3007	1	4	.	.	.
3007	2	1	75seeinG	75seeing	CD
3007	2	2	tHe	the	DT
3007	2	3	WooD	WooD	NNP
3007	2	4	For	for	IN
3007	2	5	tHe	the	DT
3007	2	6	trees	tree	NNS
3007	2	7	|	|	CD
3007	2	8	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNS
3007	2	9	et	et	NNP
3007	2	10	Al	Al	NNP
3007	2	11	.	.	.
3007	3	1	75	75	CD
3007	3	2	Here	here	RB
3007	3	3	again	again	RB
3007	3	4	,	,	,
3007	3	5	no	no	DT
3007	3	6	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	3	7	or	or	CC
3007	3	8	dif-	dif-	RB
3007	3	9	ferentiating	ferentiating	NN
3007	3	10	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	3	11	is	be	VBZ
3007	3	12	included	include	VBN
3007	3	13	in	in	IN
3007	3	14	describing	describe	VBG
3007	3	15	the	the	DT
3007	3	16	multiple	multiple	JJ
3007	3	17	elements	element	NNS
3007	3	18	.	.	.
3007	4	1	What	what	WP
3007	4	2	is	be	VBZ
3007	4	3	addressed	address	VBN
3007	4	4	is	be	VBZ
3007	4	5	the	the	DT
3007	4	6	“	"	``
3007	4	7	what	what	WP
3007	4	8	”	"	''
3007	4	9	prob-	prob-	JJ
3007	4	10	lem	lem	XX
3007	4	11	:	:	:
3007	4	12	What	what	WP
3007	4	13	is	be	VBZ
3007	4	14	the	the	DT
3007	4	15	work	work	NN
3007	4	16	of	of	IN
3007	4	17	or	or	CC
3007	4	18	about	about	IN
3007	4	19	?	?	.
3007	5	1	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	5	2	schemas	schema	VBZ
3007	5	3	for	for	IN
3007	5	4	images	image	NNS
3007	5	5	and	and	CC
3007	5	6	art	art	NN
3007	5	7	works	work	NNS
3007	5	8	such	such	JJ
3007	5	9	as	as	IN
3007	5	10	VRA	VRA	NNP
3007	5	11	Core	Core	NNP
3007	5	12	and	and	CC
3007	5	13	CDWA	CDWA	NNP
3007	5	14	focus	focus	VBP
3007	5	15	on	on	IN
3007	5	16	specificity	specificity	NN
3007	5	17	and	and	CC
3007	5	18	exhaustivity	exhaustivity	NN
3007	5	19	of	of	IN
3007	5	20	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	5	21	,	,	,
3007	5	22	that	that	RB
3007	5	23	is	is	RB
3007	5	24	,	,	,
3007	5	25	the	the	DT
3007	5	26	precision	precision	NN
3007	5	27	and	and	CC
3007	5	28	quantity	quantity	NN
3007	5	29	of	of	IN
3007	5	30	terms	term	NNS
3007	5	31	applied	apply	VBN
3007	5	32	to	to	IN
3007	5	33	a	a	DT
3007	5	34	subject	subject	JJ
3007	5	35	element	element	NN
3007	5	36	.	.	.
3007	6	1	However	however	RB
3007	6	2	,	,	,
3007	6	3	these	these	DT
3007	6	4	schemas	schema	NNS
3007	6	5	do	do	VBP
3007	6	6	not	not	RB
3007	6	7	address	address	VB
3007	6	8	the	the	DT
3007	6	9	question	question	NN
3007	6	10	of	of	IN
3007	6	11	how	how	WRB
3007	6	12	much	much	JJ
3007	6	13	the	the	DT
3007	6	14	work	work	NN
3007	6	15	is	be	VBZ
3007	6	16	of	of	IN
3007	6	17	or	or	CC
3007	6	18	about	about	IN
3007	6	19	the	the	DT
3007	6	20	item	item	NN
3007	6	21	or	or	CC
3007	6	22	concept	concept	NN
3007	6	23	represented	represent	VBN
3007	6	24	by	by	IN
3007	6	25	a	a	DT
3007	6	26	particular	particular	JJ
3007	6	27	keyword	keyword	NN
3007	6	28	.	.	.
3007	7	1	Recently	recently	RB
3007	7	2	,	,	,
3007	7	3	social	social	JJ
3007	7	4	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	7	5	functions	function	NNS
3007	7	6	have	have	VBP
3007	7	7	been	be	VBN
3007	7	8	adopted	adopt	VBN
3007	7	9	in	in	IN
3007	7	10	digital	digital	JJ
3007	7	11	library	library	NN
3007	7	12	and	and	CC
3007	7	13	catalog	catalog	NN
3007	7	14	systems	system	NNS
3007	7	15	to	to	TO
3007	7	16	help	help	VB
3007	7	17	support	support	VB
3007	7	18	better	well	RBR
3007	7	19	searching	search	VBG
3007	7	20	and	and	CC
3007	7	21	browsing	browsing	NN
3007	7	22	.	.	.
3007	8	1	This	this	DT
3007	8	2	introduces	introduce	VBZ
3007	8	3	more	more	RBR
3007	8	4	subject	subject	JJ
3007	8	5	terms	term	NNS
3007	8	6	into	into	IN
3007	8	7	the	the	DT
3007	8	8	system	system	NN
3007	8	9	.	.	.
3007	9	1	Yet	yet	RB
3007	9	2	again	again	RB
3007	9	3	,	,	,
3007	9	4	there	there	EX
3007	9	5	is	be	VBZ
3007	9	6	typi-	typi-	NN
3007	9	7	cally	cally	RB
3007	9	8	no	no	DT
3007	9	9	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	9	10	to	to	TO
3007	9	11	differentiate	differentiate	VB
3007	9	12	between	between	IN
3007	9	13	the	the	DT
3007	9	14	tags	tag	NNS
3007	9	15	used	use	VBN
3007	9	16	for	for	IN
3007	9	17	any	any	DT
3007	9	18	given	give	VBN
3007	9	19	item	item	NN
3007	9	20	,	,	,
3007	9	21	except	except	IN
3007	9	22	for	for	IN
3007	9	23	only	only	RB
3007	9	24	a	a	DT
3007	9	25	few	few	JJ
3007	9	26	sites	site	NNS
3007	9	27	that	that	WDT
3007	9	28	make	make	VBP
3007	9	29	use	use	NN
3007	9	30	of	of	IN
3007	9	31	tag	tag	NN
3007	9	32	frequency	frequency	NN
3007	9	33	informa-	informa-	JJ
3007	9	34	tion	tion	NN
3007	9	35	in	in	IN
3007	9	36	the	the	DT
3007	9	37	search	search	NN
3007	9	38	interfaces	interface	NNS
3007	9	39	.	.	.
3007	10	1	As	as	IN
3007	10	2	collections	collection	NNS
3007	10	3	grow	grow	VBP
3007	10	4	and	and	CC
3007	10	5	more	more	RBR
3007	10	6	federated	federated	JJ
3007	10	7	searching	searching	NN
3007	10	8	is	be	VBZ
3007	10	9	carried	carry	VBN
3007	10	10	out	out	RP
3007	10	11	,	,	,
3007	10	12	the	the	DT
3007	10	13	absence	absence	NN
3007	10	14	of	of	IN
3007	10	15	weights	weight	NNS
3007	10	16	for	for	IN
3007	10	17	subject	subject	JJ
3007	10	18	terms	term	NNS
3007	10	19	can	can	MD
3007	10	20	cause	cause	VB
3007	10	21	problems	problem	NNS
3007	10	22	in	in	IN
3007	10	23	search	search	NN
3007	10	24	and	and	CC
3007	10	25	navigation	navigation	NN
3007	10	26	.	.	.
3007	11	1	The	the	DT
3007	11	2	following	follow	VBG
3007	11	3	examples	example	NNS
3007	11	4	illustrate	illustrate	VBP
3007	11	5	the	the	DT
3007	11	6	problems	problem	NNS
3007	11	7	,	,	,
3007	11	8	and	and	CC
3007	11	9	the	the	DT
3007	11	10	rest	rest	NN
3007	11	11	of	of	IN
3007	11	12	the	the	DT
3007	11	13	paper	paper	NN
3007	11	14	further	further	JJ
3007	11	15	reviews	review	NNS
3007	11	16	and	and	CC
3007	11	17	discusses	discuss	VBZ
3007	11	18	the	the	DT
3007	11	19	precedent	precedent	NN
3007	11	20	research	research	NN
3007	11	21	and	and	CC
3007	11	22	practice	practice	NN
3007	11	23	on	on	IN
3007	11	24	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	11	25	,	,	,
3007	11	26	and	and	CC
3007	11	27	further	further	RB
3007	11	28	outlines	outline	VBZ
3007	11	29	the	the	DT
3007	11	30	issues	issue	NNS
3007	11	31	that	that	WDT
3007	11	32	are	be	VBP
3007	11	33	critical	critical	JJ
3007	11	34	in	in	IN
3007	11	35	applying	apply	VBG
3007	11	36	a	a	DT
3007	11	37	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	11	38	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	11	39	.	.	.
3007	12	1	example	example	NN
3007	12	2	,	,	,
3007	12	3	the	the	DT
3007	12	4	Dublin	Dublin	NNP
3007	12	5	Core	Core	NNP
3007	12	6	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	12	7	Element	Element	NNP
3007	12	8	Set	Set	NNP
3007	12	9	recommends	recommend	VBZ
3007	12	10	the	the	DT
3007	12	11	use	use	NN
3007	12	12	of	of	IN
3007	12	13	controlled	control	VBN
3007	12	14	vocabulary	vocabulary	NN
3007	12	15	to	to	TO
3007	12	16	represent	represent	VB
3007	12	17	subject	subject	JJ
3007	12	18	in	in	IN
3007	12	19	“	"	``
3007	12	20	keywords	keyword	NNS
3007	12	21	,	,	,
3007	12	22	key	key	JJ
3007	12	23	phrases	phrase	NNS
3007	12	24	,	,	,
3007	12	25	or	or	CC
3007	12	26	classification	classification	NN
3007	12	27	codes	code	NNS
3007	12	28	.	.	.
3007	12	29	”1	”1	,
3007	12	30	Similarly	similarly	RB
3007	12	31	,	,	,
3007	12	32	the	the	DT
3007	12	33	Library	Library	NNP
3007	12	34	of	of	IN
3007	12	35	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	12	36	practice	practice	NN
3007	12	37	,	,	,
3007	12	38	sug-	sug-	XX
3007	12	39	gested	geste	VBN
3007	12	40	in	in	IN
3007	12	41	the	the	DT
3007	12	42	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	12	43	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	12	44	Manual	Manual	NNP
3007	12	45	,	,	,
3007	12	46	is	be	VBZ
3007	12	47	to	to	TO
3007	12	48	assign	assign	VB
3007	12	49	“	"	``
3007	12	50	one	one	CD
3007	12	51	or	or	CC
3007	12	52	more	more	JJR
3007	12	53	subject	subject	JJ
3007	12	54	headings	heading	NNS
3007	12	55	that	that	WDT
3007	12	56	best	good	JJS
3007	12	57	summarize	summarize	VBP
3007	12	58	the	the	DT
3007	12	59	overall	overall	JJ
3007	12	60	contents	content	NNS
3007	12	61	of	of	IN
3007	12	62	the	the	DT
3007	12	63	work	work	NN
3007	12	64	and	and	CC
3007	12	65	provide	provide	VB
3007	12	66	access	access	NN
3007	12	67	to	to	IN
3007	12	68	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3007	12	69	most	most	RBS
3007	12	70	important	important	JJ
3007	12	71	topics	topic	NNS
3007	12	72	.	.	.
3007	12	73	”2	”2	NNP
3007	12	74	A	a	DT
3007	12	75	topic	topic	NN
3007	12	76	is	be	VBZ
3007	12	77	only	only	RB
3007	12	78	“	"	``
3007	12	79	important	important	JJ
3007	12	80	enough	enough	RB
3007	12	81	”	"	''
3007	12	82	to	to	TO
3007	12	83	be	be	VB
3007	12	84	given	give	VBN
3007	12	85	a	a	DT
3007	12	86	subject	subject	JJ
3007	12	87	head-	head-	NN
3007	12	88	ing	ing	NN
3007	12	89	if	if	IN
3007	12	90	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	12	91	comprises	comprise	VBZ
3007	12	92	at	at	RB
3007	12	93	least	least	RBS
3007	12	94	20	20	CD
3007	12	95	percent	percent	NN
3007	12	96	of	of	IN
3007	12	97	a	a	DT
3007	12	98	work	work	NN
3007	12	99	,	,	,
3007	12	100	except	except	IN
3007	12	101	for	for	IN
3007	12	102	headings	heading	NNS
3007	12	103	of	of	IN
3007	12	104	named	name	VBN
3007	12	105	entities	entity	NNS
3007	12	106	,	,	,
3007	12	107	which	which	WDT
3007	12	108	do	do	VBP
3007	12	109	not	not	RB
3007	12	110	need	need	VB
3007	12	111	to	to	TO
3007	12	112	be	be	VB
3007	12	113	20	20	CD
3007	12	114	percent	percent	NN
3007	12	115	of	of	IN
3007	12	116	the	the	DT
3007	12	117	work	work	NN
3007	12	118	when	when	WRB
3007	12	119	they	-PRON-	PRP
3007	12	120	are	be	VBP
3007	12	121	“	"	``
3007	12	122	critical	critical	JJ
3007	12	123	to	to	IN
3007	12	124	the	the	DT
3007	12	125	subject	subject	NN
3007	12	126	of	of	IN
3007	12	127	the	the	DT
3007	12	128	work	work	NN
3007	12	129	as	as	IN
3007	12	130	a	a	DT
3007	12	131	whole	whole	NN
3007	12	132	.	.	.
3007	12	133	”3	”3	''
3007	12	134	Although	although	IN
3007	12	135	catalogers	cataloger	NNS
3007	12	136	are	be	VBP
3007	12	137	aware	aware	JJ
3007	12	138	of	of	IN
3007	12	139	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	12	140	when	when	WRB
3007	12	141	they	-PRON-	PRP
3007	12	142	assign	assign	VBP
3007	12	143	terms	term	NNS
3007	12	144	,	,	,
3007	12	145	this	this	DT
3007	12	146	weight	weight	NN
3007	12	147	information	information	NN
3007	12	148	is	be	VBZ
3007	12	149	left	leave	VBN
3007	12	150	out	out	IN
3007	12	151	of	of	IN
3007	12	152	the	the	DT
3007	12	153	current	current	JJ
3007	12	154	library	library	NN
3007	12	155	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	12	156	schemas	schema	NNS
3007	12	157	and	and	CC
3007	12	158	practice	practice	NN
3007	12	159	.	.	.
3007	13	1	A	a	DT
3007	13	2	similar	similar	JJ
3007	13	3	practice	practice	NN
3007	13	4	applies	apply	VBZ
3007	13	5	in	in	IN
3007	13	6	non	non	JJ
3007	13	7	-	-	JJ
3007	13	8	textual	textual	JJ
3007	13	9	object	object	NN
3007	13	10	subject	subject	JJ
3007	13	11	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	13	12	.	.	.
3007	14	1	Because	because	IN
3007	14	2	of	of	IN
3007	14	3	the	the	DT
3007	14	4	difficulty	difficulty	NN
3007	14	5	of	of	IN
3007	14	6	selecting	select	VBG
3007	14	7	words	word	NNS
3007	14	8	to	to	TO
3007	14	9	represent	represent	VB
3007	14	10	visual	visual	JJ
3007	14	11	/	/	SYM
3007	14	12	aural	aural	JJ
3007	14	13	sym-	sym-	IN
3007	14	14	bolism	bolism	NN
3007	14	15	,	,	,
3007	14	16	subject	subject	JJ
3007	14	17	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	14	18	for	for	IN
3007	14	19	art	art	NN
3007	14	20	and	and	CC
3007	14	21	cultural	cultural	JJ
3007	14	22	objects	object	NNS
3007	14	23	is	be	VBZ
3007	14	24	usually	usually	RB
3007	14	25	guided	guide	VBN
3007	14	26	by	by	IN
3007	14	27	Panofsky	Panofsky	NNP
3007	14	28	’s	’s	POS
3007	14	29	three	three	CD
3007	14	30	levels	level	NNS
3007	14	31	of	of	IN
3007	14	32	meaning	meaning	NN
3007	14	33	(	(	-LRB-
3007	14	34	pre	pre	JJ
3007	14	35	-	-	JJ
3007	14	36	iconographical	iconographical	JJ
3007	14	37	,	,	,
3007	14	38	iconographical	iconographical	JJ
3007	14	39	,	,	,
3007	14	40	and	and	CC
3007	14	41	post	post	JJ
3007	14	42	-	-	JJ
3007	14	43	iconographical	iconographical	JJ
3007	14	44	)	)	-RRB-
3007	14	45	,	,	,
3007	14	46	further	further	RB
3007	14	47	refined	refine	VBN
3007	14	48	by	by	IN
3007	14	49	Layne	Layne	NNP
3007	14	50	in	in	IN
3007	14	51	“	"	``
3007	14	52	ofness	ofness	NN
3007	14	53	”	"	''
3007	14	54	and	and	CC
3007	14	55	“	"	``
3007	14	56	aboutness	aboutness	VB
3007	14	57	”	"	''
3007	14	58	in	in	IN
3007	14	59	each	each	DT
3007	14	60	level	level	NN
3007	14	61	.	.	.
3007	15	1	Specifically	specifically	RB
3007	15	2	,	,	,
3007	15	3	what	what	WP
3007	15	4	can	can	MD
3007	15	5	be	be	VB
3007	15	6	indexed	index	VBN
3007	15	7	includes	include	VBZ
3007	15	8	the	the	DT
3007	15	9	“	"	``
3007	15	10	ofness	ofness	NN
3007	15	11	”	"	''
3007	15	12	(	(	-LRB-
3007	15	13	what	what	WP
3007	15	14	the	the	DT
3007	15	15	picture	picture	NN
3007	15	16	depicts	depict	VBZ
3007	15	17	)	)	-RRB-
3007	15	18	as	as	RB
3007	15	19	well	well	RB
3007	15	20	as	as	IN
3007	15	21	some	some	DT
3007	15	22	“	"	``
3007	15	23	aboutness	aboutness	NN
3007	15	24	”	"	''
3007	15	25	(	(	-LRB-
3007	15	26	what	what	WP
3007	15	27	is	be	VBZ
3007	15	28	expressed	express	VBN
3007	15	29	in	in	IN
3007	15	30	the	the	DT
3007	15	31	picture	picture	NN
3007	15	32	)	)	-RRB-
3007	15	33	in	in	IN
3007	15	34	both	both	DT
3007	15	35	pre	pre	JJ
3007	15	36	–	–	JJ
3007	15	37	iconographical	iconographical	JJ
3007	15	38	and	and	CC
3007	15	39	iconographi-	iconographi-	JJ
3007	15	40	cal	cal	NNP
3007	15	41	levels.4	levels.4	NNP
3007	15	42	In	in	IN
3007	15	43	practice	practice	NN
3007	15	44	,	,	,
3007	15	45	VRA	VRA	NNP
3007	15	46	Core	Core	NNP
3007	15	47	4.0	4.0	CD
3007	15	48	for	for	IN
3007	15	49	example	example	NN
3007	15	50	defines	define	NNS
3007	15	51	subject	subject	JJ
3007	15	52	subele-	subele-	NN
3007	15	53	ments	ment	NNS
3007	15	54	as	as	IN
3007	15	55	:	:	:
3007	15	56	Terms	term	NNS
3007	15	57	or	or	CC
3007	15	58	phrases	phrase	NNS
3007	15	59	that	that	WDT
3007	15	60	describe	describe	VBP
3007	15	61	,	,	,
3007	15	62	identify	identify	VB
3007	15	63	,	,	,
3007	15	64	or	or	CC
3007	15	65	interpret	interpret	VB
3007	15	66	the	the	DT
3007	15	67	Work	Work	NNP
3007	15	68	or	or	CC
3007	15	69	Image	Image	NNP
3007	15	70	and	and	CC
3007	15	71	what	what	WP
3007	15	72	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	15	73	depicts	depict	VBZ
3007	15	74	or	or	CC
3007	15	75	expresses	express	NNS
3007	15	76	.	.	.
3007	16	1	These	these	DT
3007	16	2	may	may	MD
3007	16	3	include	include	VB
3007	16	4	generic	generic	JJ
3007	16	5	terms	term	NNS
3007	16	6	that	that	WDT
3007	16	7	describe	describe	VBP
3007	16	8	the	the	DT
3007	16	9	work	work	NN
3007	16	10	and	and	CC
3007	16	11	the	the	DT
3007	16	12	elements	element	NNS
3007	16	13	that	that	WDT
3007	16	14	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	16	15	comprises	comprise	VBZ
3007	16	16	,	,	,
3007	16	17	terms	term	NNS
3007	16	18	that	that	WDT
3007	16	19	identify	identify	VBP
3007	16	20	particular	particular	JJ
3007	16	21	people	people	NNS
3007	16	22	,	,	,
3007	16	23	geographic	geographic	JJ
3007	16	24	places	place	NNS
3007	16	25	,	,	,
3007	16	26	narrative	narrative	JJ
3007	16	27	and	and	CC
3007	16	28	icono-	icono-	XX
3007	16	29	graphic	graphic	JJ
3007	16	30	themes	theme	NNS
3007	16	31	,	,	,
3007	16	32	or	or	CC
3007	16	33	terms	term	NNS
3007	16	34	that	that	WDT
3007	16	35	refer	refer	VBP
3007	16	36	to	to	IN
3007	16	37	broader	broad	JJR
3007	16	38	concepts	concept	NNS
3007	16	39	or	or	CC
3007	16	40	interpretations.5	interpretations.5	VB
3007	16	41	Seeing	see	VBG
3007	16	42	the	the	DT
3007	16	43	Wood	wood	NN
3007	16	44	for	for	IN
3007	16	45	the	the	DT
3007	16	46	Trees	tree	NNS
3007	16	47	:	:	:
3007	16	48	Enhancing	enhance	VBG
3007	16	49	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	16	50	Subject	subject	JJ
3007	16	51	Elements	element	NNS
3007	16	52	with	with	IN
3007	16	53	Weights	Weights	NNPS
3007	16	54	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	16	55	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	16	56	has	have	VBZ
3007	16	57	been	be	VBN
3007	16	58	conducted	conduct	VBN
3007	16	59	in	in	IN
3007	16	60	a	a	DT
3007	16	61	dichotomous	dichotomous	JJ
3007	16	62	way	way	NN
3007	16	63	in	in	IN
3007	16	64	terms	term	NNS
3007	16	65	of	of	IN
3007	16	66	what	what	WP
3007	16	67	the	the	DT
3007	16	68	information	information	NN
3007	16	69	object	object	NN
3007	16	70	is	be	VBZ
3007	16	71	primar-	primar-	NNP
3007	16	72	ily	ily	NNP
3007	16	73	about	about	RB
3007	16	74	/	/	SYM
3007	16	75	of	of	IN
3007	16	76	or	or	CC
3007	16	77	not	not	RB
3007	16	78	,	,	,
3007	16	79	corresponding	correspond	VBG
3007	16	80	to	to	IN
3007	16	81	the	the	DT
3007	16	82	presence	presence	NN
3007	16	83	or	or	CC
3007	16	84	absence	absence	NN
3007	16	85	of	of	IN
3007	16	86	a	a	DT
3007	16	87	particular	particular	JJ
3007	16	88	subject	subject	JJ
3007	16	89	term	term	NN
3007	16	90	,	,	,
3007	16	91	respectively	respectively	RB
3007	16	92	.	.	.
3007	17	1	With	with	IN
3007	17	2	more	more	JJR
3007	17	3	subject	subject	JJ
3007	17	4	terms	term	NNS
3007	17	5	brought	bring	VBN
3007	17	6	into	into	IN
3007	17	7	informa-	informa-	JJ
3007	17	8	tion	tion	NN
3007	17	9	systems	system	NNS
3007	17	10	via	via	IN
3007	17	11	social	social	JJ
3007	17	12	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	17	13	,	,	,
3007	17	14	man-	man-	NNP
3007	17	15	ual	ual	NNP
3007	17	16	cataloging	cataloging	NN
3007	17	17	,	,	,
3007	17	18	or	or	CC
3007	17	19	automated	automate	VBN
3007	17	20	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	17	21	,	,	,
3007	17	22	many	many	JJ
3007	17	23	more	more	JJR
3007	17	24	partially	partially	RB
3007	17	25	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	17	26	results	result	NNS
3007	17	27	can	can	MD
3007	17	28	be	be	VB
3007	17	29	retrieved	retrieve	VBN
3007	17	30	.	.	.
3007	18	1	Using	use	VBG
3007	18	2	examples	example	NNS
3007	18	3	from	from	IN
3007	18	4	digital	digital	JJ
3007	18	5	image	image	NN
3007	18	6	collections	collection	NNS
3007	18	7	and	and	CC
3007	18	8	online	online	JJ
3007	18	9	library	library	NN
3007	18	10	catalog	catalog	NN
3007	18	11	systems	system	NNS
3007	18	12	,	,	,
3007	18	13	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	18	14	explore	explore	VBP
3007	18	15	the	the	DT
3007	18	16	problem	problem	NN
3007	18	17	and	and	CC
3007	18	18	advocate	advocate	VB
3007	18	19	for	for	IN
3007	18	20	adding	add	VBG
3007	18	21	a	a	DT
3007	18	22	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	18	23	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	18	24	to	to	IN
3007	18	25	subject	subject	JJ
3007	18	26	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	18	27	and	and	CC
3007	18	28	tagging	tag	VBG
3007	18	29	to	to	TO
3007	18	30	make	make	VB
3007	18	31	web	web	NN
3007	18	32	search	search	NN
3007	18	33	and	and	CC
3007	18	34	navigation	navigation	NN
3007	18	35	more	more	JJR
3007	18	36	effec-	effec-	NNP
3007	18	37	tive	tive	JJ
3007	18	38	and	and	CC
3007	18	39	efficient	efficient	JJ
3007	18	40	.	.	.
3007	19	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3007	19	2	argue	argue	VBP
3007	19	3	that	that	IN
3007	19	4	the	the	DT
3007	19	5	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	19	6	of	of	IN
3007	19	7	subject	subject	JJ
3007	19	8	terms	term	NNS
3007	19	9	is	be	VBZ
3007	19	10	more	more	RBR
3007	19	11	important	important	JJ
3007	19	12	than	than	IN
3007	19	13	ever	ever	RB
3007	19	14	in	in	IN
3007	19	15	today	today	NN
3007	19	16	’s	’s	POS
3007	19	17	world	world	NN
3007	19	18	of	of	IN
3007	19	19	growing	grow	VBG
3007	19	20	collections	collection	NNS
3007	19	21	,	,	,
3007	19	22	more	more	RBR
3007	19	23	federated	federated	JJ
3007	19	24	searching	searching	NN
3007	19	25	,	,	,
3007	19	26	and	and	CC
3007	19	27	expansion	expansion	NN
3007	19	28	of	of	IN
3007	19	29	social	social	JJ
3007	19	30	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	19	31	.	.	.
3007	20	1	Such	such	PDT
3007	20	2	a	a	DT
3007	20	3	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	20	4	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	20	5	needs	need	VBZ
3007	20	6	to	to	TO
3007	20	7	be	be	VB
3007	20	8	considered	consider	VBN
3007	20	9	and	and	CC
3007	20	10	applied	apply	VBN
3007	20	11	not	not	RB
3007	20	12	only	only	RB
3007	20	13	by	by	IN
3007	20	14	indexers	indexer	NNS
3007	20	15	,	,	,
3007	20	16	catalogers	cataloger	NNS
3007	20	17	,	,	,
3007	20	18	and	and	CC
3007	20	19	tag-	tag-	NN
3007	20	20	gers	ger	NNS
3007	20	21	,	,	,
3007	20	22	but	but	CC
3007	20	23	also	also	RB
3007	20	24	needs	need	VBZ
3007	20	25	to	to	TO
3007	20	26	be	be	VB
3007	20	27	incorporated	incorporate	VBN
3007	20	28	into	into	IN
3007	20	29	system	system	NN
3007	20	30	functionality	functionality	NN
3007	20	31	and	and	CC
3007	20	32	meta-	meta-	JJ
3007	20	33	data	data	NNP
3007	20	34	schemas	schema	NNS
3007	20	35	.	.	.
3007	21	1	S	S	NNP
3007	21	2	ubjects	ubject	NNS
3007	21	3	as	as	IN
3007	21	4	important	important	JJ
3007	21	5	access	access	NN
3007	21	6	points	point	NNS
3007	21	7	have	have	VBP
3007	21	8	largely	largely	RB
3007	21	9	been	be	VBN
3007	21	10	indexed	index	VBN
3007	21	11	in	in	IN
3007	21	12	a	a	DT
3007	21	13	dichotomous	dichotomous	JJ
3007	21	14	way	way	NN
3007	21	15	:	:	:
3007	21	16	what	what	WP
3007	21	17	the	the	DT
3007	21	18	object	object	NN
3007	21	19	is	be	VBZ
3007	21	20	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	21	21	about/	about/	JJ
3007	21	22	of	of	IN
3007	21	23	or	or	CC
3007	21	24	not	not	RB
3007	21	25	.	.	.
3007	22	1	This	this	DT
3007	22	2	approach	approach	NN
3007	22	3	to	to	IN
3007	22	4	index-	index-	NNP
3007	22	5	ing	ing	NNP
3007	22	6	is	be	VBZ
3007	22	7	implicitly	implicitly	RB
3007	22	8	assumed	assume	VBN
3007	22	9	in	in	IN
3007	22	10	various	various	JJ
3007	22	11	guidelines	guideline	NNS
3007	22	12	for	for	IN
3007	22	13	subject	subject	JJ
3007	22	14	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	22	15	.	.	.
3007	23	1	For	for	IN
3007	23	2	Hong	Hong	NNP
3007	23	3	Zhang	Zhang	NNP
3007	23	4	,	,	,
3007	23	5	Linda	Linda	NNP
3007	23	6	C.	C.	NNP
3007	23	7	Smith	Smith	NNP
3007	23	8	,	,	,
3007	23	9	Michael	Michael	NNP
3007	23	10	Twidale	Twidale	NNP
3007	23	11	,	,	,
3007	23	12	and	and	CC
3007	23	13	Fang	Fang	NNP
3007	23	14	Huang	Huang	NNP
3007	23	15	GaoCommunications	GaoCommunications	NNP
3007	23	16	Hong	Hong	NNP
3007	23	17	zhang	zhang	NNP
3007	23	18	(	(	-LRB-
3007	23	19	hzhang1@illinois.edu	hzhang1@illinois.edu	ADD
3007	23	20	)	)	-RRB-
3007	23	21	is	be	VBZ
3007	23	22	Phd	Phd	NNP
3007	23	23	candidate	candidate	NN
3007	23	24	,	,	,
3007	23	25	graduate	graduate	NNP
3007	23	26	School	School	NNP
3007	23	27	of	of	IN
3007	23	28	Library	Library	NNP
3007	23	29	and	and	CC
3007	23	30	information	information	NN
3007	23	31	Science	Science	NNP
3007	23	32	,	,	,
3007	23	33	university	university	NNP
3007	23	34	of	of	IN
3007	23	35	illinois	illinois	NNP
3007	23	36	at	at	IN
3007	23	37	urbana	urbana	NNP
3007	23	38	-	-	HYPH
3007	23	39	champaign	champaign	NNP
3007	23	40	,	,	,
3007	23	41	linda	linda	NNP
3007	23	42	c.	c.	NNP
3007	23	43	smith	smith	NNP
3007	23	44	(	(	-LRB-
3007	23	45	lcsmith@illinois.edu	lcsmith@illinois.edu	NN
3007	23	46	)	)	-RRB-
3007	23	47	is	be	VBZ
3007	23	48	Professor	Professor	NNP
3007	23	49	,	,	,
3007	23	50	graduate	graduate	NNP
3007	23	51	School	School	NNP
3007	23	52	of	of	IN
3007	23	53	Library	Library	NNP
3007	23	54	and	and	CC
3007	23	55	information	information	NN
3007	23	56	Science	Science	NNP
3007	23	57	,	,	,
3007	23	58	university	university	NNP
3007	23	59	of	of	IN
3007	23	60	illinois	illinois	NNP
3007	23	61	at	at	IN
3007	23	62	urbana	urbana	NNP
3007	23	63	-	-	HYPH
3007	23	64	champaign	champaign	NNP
3007	23	65	,	,	,
3007	23	66	michael	michael	NNP
3007	23	67	twidale	twidale	NNP
3007	23	68	(	(	-LRB-
3007	23	69	twidale@illinois.edu	twidale@illinois.edu	NNP
3007	23	70	)	)	-RRB-
3007	23	71	is	be	VBZ
3007	23	72	Professor	Professor	NNP
3007	23	73	,	,	,
3007	23	74	graduate	graduate	NNP
3007	23	75	School	School	NNP
3007	23	76	of	of	IN
3007	23	77	Library	Library	NNP
3007	23	78	and	and	CC
3007	23	79	information	information	NN
3007	23	80	Science	Science	NNP
3007	23	81	,	,	,
3007	23	82	university	university	NNP
3007	23	83	of	of	IN
3007	23	84	illinois	illinois	NNP
3007	23	85	at	at	IN
3007	23	86	urbana	urbana	NNP
3007	23	87	-	-	HYPH
3007	23	88	champaign	champaign	NN
3007	23	89	,	,	,
3007	23	90	and	and	CC
3007	23	91	Fang	Fang	NNP
3007	23	92	Huang	Huang	NNP
3007	23	93	Gao	Gao	NNP
3007	23	94	(	(	-LRB-
3007	23	95	fgao@gpo.gov	fgao@gpo.gov	NNP
3007	23	96	)	)	-RRB-
3007	23	97	is	be	VBZ
3007	23	98	Supervisory	Supervisory	NNP
3007	23	99	Librarian	Librarian	NNP
3007	23	100	,	,	,
3007	23	101	government	government	NN
3007	23	102	Printing	printing	NN
3007	23	103	office	office	NN
3007	23	104	.	.	.
3007	24	1	76	76	CD
3007	24	2	inFormAtion	information	NN
3007	24	3	tecHnoloGY	technology	NN
3007	24	4	AnD	and	CC
3007	24	5	liBrAries	librarie	VBZ
3007	24	6	|	|	NNP
3007	24	7	June	June	NNP
3007	24	8	2011	2011	CD
3007	24	9	■	■	NFP
3007	24	10	■	■	NFP
3007	24	11	Examples	Examples	NNPS
3007	24	12	of	of	IN
3007	24	13	Problems	problem	NNS
3007	24	14	exhaustive	exhaustive	JJ
3007	24	15	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	24	16	:	:	:
3007	24	17	Digital	digital	JJ
3007	24	18	library	library	NN
3007	24	19	collections	collection	NNS
3007	24	20	A	a	DT
3007	24	21	search	search	NN
3007	24	22	query	query	NN
3007	24	23	of	of	IN
3007	24	24	“	"	``
3007	24	25	tree	tree	NN
3007	24	26	”	"	''
3007	24	27	can	can	MD
3007	24	28	return	return	VB
3007	24	29	thousands	thousand	NNS
3007	24	30	of	of	IN
3007	24	31	images	image	NNS
3007	24	32	in	in	IN
3007	24	33	several	several	JJ
3007	24	34	dig-	dig-	IN
3007	24	35	ital	ital	JJ
3007	24	36	library	library	NN
3007	24	37	collections	collection	NNS
3007	24	38	.	.	.
3007	25	1	The	the	DT
3007	25	2	results	result	NNS
3007	25	3	include	include	VBP
3007	25	4	images	image	NNS
3007	25	5	with	with	IN
3007	25	6	a	a	DT
3007	25	7	tree	tree	NN
3007	25	8	or	or	CC
3007	25	9	trees	tree	NNS
3007	25	10	as	as	IN
3007	25	11	primary	primary	JJ
3007	25	12	components	component	NNS
3007	25	13	mixed	mix	VBN
3007	25	14	with	with	IN
3007	25	15	images	image	NNS
3007	25	16	where	where	WRB
3007	25	17	a	a	DT
3007	25	18	tree	tree	NN
3007	25	19	or	or	CC
3007	25	20	trees	tree	NNS
3007	25	21	,	,	,
3007	25	22	although	although	IN
3007	25	23	definitely	definitely	RB
3007	25	24	present	present	JJ
3007	25	25	,	,	,
3007	25	26	are	be	VBP
3007	25	27	minor	minor	JJ
3007	25	28	compo-	compo-	JJ
3007	25	29	nents	nent	NNS
3007	25	30	of	of	IN
3007	25	31	the	the	DT
3007	25	32	image	image	NN
3007	25	33	.	.	.
3007	26	1	Figure	figure	NN
3007	26	2	1	1	CD
3007	26	3	illustrates	illustrate	VBZ
3007	26	4	the	the	DT
3007	26	5	point	point	NN
3007	26	6	.	.	.
3007	27	1	These	these	DT
3007	27	2	examples	example	NNS
3007	27	3	come	come	VBP
3007	27	4	from	from	IN
3007	27	5	three	three	CD
3007	27	6	different	different	JJ
3007	27	7	collections	collection	NNS
3007	27	8	and	and	CC
3007	27	9	either	either	CC
3007	27	10	include	include	VBP
3007	27	11	the	the	DT
3007	27	12	subject	subject	JJ
3007	27	13	element	element	NN
3007	27	14	of	of	IN
3007	27	15	“	"	``
3007	27	16	tree	tree	NN
3007	27	17	”	"	''
3007	27	18	or	or	CC
3007	27	19	are	be	VBP
3007	27	20	tagged	tag	VBN
3007	27	21	with	with	IN
3007	27	22	“	"	``
3007	27	23	tree	tree	NN
3007	27	24	”	"	''
3007	27	25	by	by	IN
3007	27	26	users	user	NNS
3007	27	27	.	.	.
3007	28	1	There	there	EX
3007	28	2	is	be	VBZ
3007	28	3	no	no	DT
3007	28	4	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	28	5	that	that	WDT
3007	28	6	catalog-	catalog-	VBD
3007	28	7	ers	er	NNS
3007	28	8	or	or	CC
3007	28	9	users	user	NNS
3007	28	10	have	have	VBP
3007	28	11	available	available	JJ
3007	28	12	to	to	TO
3007	28	13	indicate	indicate	VB
3007	28	14	that	that	IN
3007	28	15	“	"	``
3007	28	16	tree	tree	NN
3007	28	17	”	"	''
3007	28	18	in	in	IN
3007	28	19	these	these	DT
3007	28	20	images	image	NNS
3007	28	21	is	be	VBZ
3007	28	22	a	a	DT
3007	28	23	minor	minor	JJ
3007	28	24	component	component	NN
3007	28	25	.	.	.
3007	29	1	Note	note	VB
3007	29	2	that	that	IN
3007	29	3	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	29	4	are	be	VBP
3007	29	5	not	not	RB
3007	29	6	calling	call	VBG
3007	29	7	this	this	DT
3007	29	8	out	out	RP
3007	29	9	as	as	IN
3007	29	10	an	an	DT
3007	29	11	error	error	NN
3007	29	12	in	in	IN
3007	29	13	the	the	DT
3007	29	14	profession-	profession-	NNP
3007	29	15	ally	ally	NNP
3007	29	16	developed	develop	VBD
3007	29	17	subject	subject	JJ
3007	29	18	terms	term	NNS
3007	29	19	,	,	,
3007	29	20	nor	nor	CC
3007	29	21	indeed	indeed	RB
3007	29	22	in	in	IN
3007	29	23	the	the	DT
3007	29	24	end	end	NN
3007	29	25	user	user	NN
3007	29	26	generated	generate	VBD
3007	29	27	tags	tag	NNS
3007	29	28	.	.	.
3007	30	1	Although	although	IN
3007	30	2	particular	particular	JJ
3007	30	3	images	image	NNS
3007	30	4	may	may	MD
3007	30	5	have	have	VB
3007	30	6	an	an	DT
3007	30	7	incorrectly	incorrectly	RB
3007	30	8	applied	apply	VBN
3007	30	9	key-	key-	NN
3007	30	10	word	word	NN
3007	30	11	,	,	,
3007	30	12	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	30	13	want	want	VBP
3007	30	14	to	to	TO
3007	30	15	talk	talk	VB
3007	30	16	about	about	IN
3007	30	17	the	the	DT
3007	30	18	vast	vast	JJ
3007	30	19	majority	majority	NN
3007	30	20	where	where	WRB
3007	30	21	the	the	DT
3007	30	22	keyword	keyword	NN
3007	30	23	quite	quite	RB
3007	30	24	correctly	correctly	RB
3007	30	25	refers	refer	VBZ
3007	30	26	to	to	IN
3007	30	27	a	a	DT
3007	30	28	component	component	NN
3007	30	29	of	of	IN
3007	30	30	the	the	DT
3007	30	31	image	image	NN
3007	30	32	.	.	.
3007	31	1	Furthermore	furthermore	RB
3007	31	2	,	,	,
3007	31	3	such	such	JJ
3007	31	4	keywords	keyword	NNS
3007	31	5	referring	refer	VBG
3007	31	6	to	to	IN
3007	31	7	minor	minor	JJ
3007	31	8	components	component	NNS
3007	31	9	of	of	IN
3007	31	10	the	the	DT
3007	31	11	image	image	NN
3007	31	12	are	be	VBP
3007	31	13	extremely	extremely	RB
3007	31	14	useful	useful	JJ
3007	31	15	for	for	IN
3007	31	16	other	other	JJ
3007	31	17	queries	query	NNS
3007	31	18	.	.	.
3007	32	1	This	this	DT
3007	32	2	kind	kind	NN
3007	32	3	of	of	IN
3007	32	4	exhaustive	exhaustive	JJ
3007	32	5	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	32	6	of	of	IN
3007	32	7	images	image	NNS
3007	32	8	enables	enable	VBZ
3007	32	9	the	the	DT
3007	32	10	effec-	effec-	NN
3007	32	11	tive	tive	JJ
3007	32	12	satisfaction	satisfaction	NN
3007	32	13	of	of	IN
3007	32	14	search	search	NN
3007	32	15	needs	need	NNS
3007	32	16	,	,	,
3007	32	17	such	such	JJ
3007	32	18	as	as	IN
3007	32	19	looking	look	VBG
3007	32	20	for	for	IN
3007	32	21	pictures	picture	NNS
3007	32	22	of	of	IN
3007	32	23	“	"	``
3007	32	24	buildings	building	NNS
3007	32	25	,	,	,
3007	32	26	people	people	NNS
3007	32	27	,	,	,
3007	32	28	and	and	CC
3007	32	29	trees	tree	NNS
3007	32	30	”	"	''
3007	32	31	or	or	CC
3007	32	32	“	"	``
3007	32	33	trees	tree	NNS
3007	32	34	beside	beside	IN
3007	32	35	a	a	DT
3007	32	36	river	river	NN
3007	32	37	.	.	.
3007	32	38	”	"	''
3007	32	39	With	with	IN
3007	32	40	large	large	JJ
3007	32	41	image	image	NN
3007	32	42	collections	collection	NNS
3007	32	43	,	,	,
3007	32	44	such	such	JJ
3007	32	45	compound	compound	NN
3007	32	46	needs	need	NNS
3007	32	47	become	become	VBN
3007	32	48	more	more	RBR
3007	32	49	important	important	JJ
3007	32	50	to	to	TO
3007	32	51	satisfy	satisfy	VB
3007	32	52	by	by	IN
3007	32	53	combinations	combination	NNS
3007	32	54	of	of	IN
3007	32	55	searching	search	VBG
3007	32	56	and	and	CC
3007	32	57	browsing	browsing	NN
3007	32	58	.	.	.
3007	33	1	To	to	TO
3007	33	2	enable	enable	VB
3007	33	3	them	-PRON-	PRP
3007	33	4	,	,	,
3007	33	5	metadata	metadata	VBP
3007	33	6	about	about	IN
3007	33	7	minor	minor	JJ
3007	33	8	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	33	9	is	be	VBZ
3007	33	10	essential	essential	JJ
3007	33	11	.	.	.
3007	34	1	However	however	RB
3007	34	2	,	,	,
3007	34	3	without	without	IN
3007	34	4	weights	weight	NNS
3007	34	5	to	to	IN
3007	34	6	dif-	dif-	DT
3007	34	7	ferentiate	ferentiate	VB
3007	34	8	subject	subject	JJ
3007	34	9	keywords	keyword	NNS
3007	34	10	,	,	,
3007	34	11	users	user	NNS
3007	34	12	will	will	MD
3007	34	13	get	get	VB
3007	34	14	overwhelmed	overwhelmed	JJ
3007	34	15	with	with	IN
3007	34	16	partially	partially	RB
3007	34	17	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	34	18	results	result	NNS
3007	34	19	.	.	.
3007	35	1	For	for	IN
3007	35	2	example	example	NN
3007	35	3	,	,	,
3007	35	4	a	a	DT
3007	35	5	user	user	NN
3007	35	6	looking	look	VBG
3007	35	7	for	for	IN
3007	35	8	images	image	NNS
3007	35	9	of	of	IN
3007	35	10	trees	tree	NNS
3007	35	11	(	(	-LRB-
3007	35	12	i.e.	i.e.	FW
3007	35	13	,	,	,
3007	35	14	“	"	``
3007	35	15	tree	tree	NN
3007	35	16	”	"	''
3007	35	17	as	as	IN
3007	35	18	the	the	DT
3007	35	19	primary	primary	JJ
3007	35	20	subject	subject	NN
3007	35	21	)	)	-RRB-
3007	35	22	would	would	MD
3007	35	23	have	have	VB
3007	35	24	to	to	TO
3007	35	25	look	look	VB
3007	35	26	through	through	IN
3007	35	27	large	large	JJ
3007	35	28	sets	set	NNS
3007	35	29	of	of	IN
3007	35	30	results	result	NNS
3007	35	31	such	such	JJ
3007	35	32	as	as	IN
3007	35	33	a	a	DT
3007	35	34	photograph	photograph	NN
3007	35	35	of	of	IN
3007	35	36	a	a	DT
3007	35	37	dog	dog	NN
3007	35	38	with	with	IN
3007	35	39	a	a	DT
3007	35	40	tiny	tiny	JJ
3007	35	41	tree	tree	NN
3007	35	42	out	out	IN
3007	35	43	of	of	IN
3007	35	44	focus	focus	NN
3007	35	45	in	in	IN
3007	35	46	the	the	DT
3007	35	47	background	background	NN
3007	35	48	.	.	.
3007	36	1	For	for	IN
3007	36	2	some	some	DT
3007	36	3	items	item	NNS
3007	36	4	that	that	WDT
3007	36	5	include	include	VBP
3007	36	6	rich	rich	JJ
3007	36	7	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	36	8	,	,	,
3007	36	9	such	such	JJ
3007	36	10	as	as	IN
3007	36	11	title	title	NN
3007	36	12	or	or	CC
3007	36	13	description	description	NN
3007	36	14	,	,	,
3007	36	15	when	when	WRB
3007	36	16	people	people	NNS
3007	36	17	look	look	VBP
3007	36	18	at	at	IN
3007	36	19	a	a	DT
3007	36	20	particular	particular	JJ
3007	36	21	item	item	NN
3007	36	22	’s	’s	POS
3007	36	23	record	record	NN
3007	36	24	,	,	,
3007	36	25	with	with	IN
3007	36	26	the	the	DT
3007	36	27	title	title	NN
3007	36	28	and	and	CC
3007	36	29	some-	some-	NN
3007	36	30	times	time	NNS
3007	36	31	the	the	DT
3007	36	32	description	description	NN
3007	36	33	,	,	,
3007	36	34	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	36	35	may	may	MD
3007	36	36	very	very	RB
3007	36	37	well	well	RB
3007	36	38	determine	determine	VB
3007	36	39	that	that	IN
3007	36	40	the	the	DT
3007	36	41	picture	picture	NN
3007	36	42	is	be	VBZ
3007	36	43	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	36	44	of	of	IN
3007	36	45	,	,	,
3007	36	46	say	say	UH
3007	36	47	,	,	,
3007	36	48	a	a	DT
3007	36	49	dog	dog	NN
3007	36	50	instead	instead	RB
3007	36	51	of	of	IN
3007	36	52	trees	tree	NNS
3007	36	53	.	.	.
3007	37	1	That	that	RB
3007	37	2	is	is	RB
3007	37	3	,	,	,
3007	37	4	the	the	DT
3007	37	5	subject	subject	JJ
3007	37	6	elements	element	NNS
3007	37	7	have	have	VBP
3007	37	8	to	to	TO
3007	37	9	be	be	VB
3007	37	10	interpreted	interpret	VBN
3007	37	11	based	base	VBN
3007	37	12	on	on	IN
3007	37	13	the	the	DT
3007	37	14	context	context	NN
3007	37	15	of	of	IN
3007	37	16	other	other	JJ
3007	37	17	elements	element	NNS
3007	37	18	in	in	IN
3007	37	19	the	the	DT
3007	37	20	record	record	NN
3007	37	21	to	to	TO
3007	37	22	convey	convey	VB
3007	37	23	the	the	DT
3007	37	24	“	"	``
3007	37	25	primary	primary	JJ
3007	37	26	”	"	''
3007	37	27	and	and	CC
3007	37	28	“	"	``
3007	37	29	peripheral	peripheral	JJ
3007	37	30	”	"	''
3007	37	31	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	37	32	among	among	IN
3007	37	33	the	the	DT
3007	37	34	listed	list	VBN
3007	37	35	subject	subject	JJ
3007	37	36	terms	term	NNS
3007	37	37	.	.	.
3007	38	1	However	however	RB
3007	38	2	,	,	,
3007	38	3	in	in	IN
3007	38	4	a	a	DT
3007	38	5	search	search	NN
3007	38	6	and	and	CC
3007	38	7	navigation	navigation	NN
3007	38	8	system	system	NN
3007	38	9	where	where	WRB
3007	38	10	subject	subject	JJ
3007	38	11	elements	element	NNS
3007	38	12	are	be	VBP
3007	38	13	usually	usually	RB
3007	38	14	treated	treat	VBN
3007	38	15	as	as	IN
3007	38	16	context	context	NN
3007	38	17	-	-	HYPH
3007	38	18	free	free	JJ
3007	38	19	,	,	,
3007	38	20	search	search	NN
3007	38	21	efficiency	efficiency	NN
3007	38	22	will	will	MD
3007	38	23	be	be	VB
3007	38	24	largely	largely	RB
3007	38	25	impaired	impair	VBN
3007	38	26	because	because	IN
3007	38	27	of	of	IN
3007	38	28	the	the	DT
3007	38	29	“	"	``
3007	38	30	noise	noise	NN
3007	38	31	”	"	''
3007	38	32	items	item	NNS
3007	38	33	and	and	CC
3007	38	34	inability	inability	NN
3007	38	35	to	to	TO
3007	38	36	refine	refine	VB
3007	38	37	the	the	DT
3007	38	38	scope	scope	NN
3007	38	39	,	,	,
3007	38	40	especially	especially	RB
3007	38	41	when	when	WRB
3007	38	42	the	the	DT
3007	38	43	vol-	vol-	JJ
3007	38	44	ume	ume	NN
3007	38	45	of	of	IN
3007	38	46	items	item	NNS
3007	38	47	grows	grow	VBZ
3007	38	48	.	.	.
3007	39	1	Lack	lack	NN
3007	39	2	of	of	IN
3007	39	3	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	39	4	also	also	RB
3007	39	5	limits	limit	VBZ
3007	39	6	other	other	JJ
3007	39	7	potential	potential	JJ
3007	39	8	uses	use	NNS
3007	39	9	of	of	IN
3007	39	10	keywords	keyword	NNS
3007	39	11	or	or	CC
3007	39	12	tags	tag	NNS
3007	39	13	.	.	.
3007	40	1	For	for	IN
3007	40	2	example	example	NN
3007	40	3	,	,	,
3007	40	4	all	all	PDT
3007	40	5	the	the	DT
3007	40	6	tags	tag	NNS
3007	40	7	of	of	IN
3007	40	8	all	all	PDT
3007	40	9	the	the	DT
3007	40	10	items	item	NNS
3007	40	11	in	in	IN
3007	40	12	a	a	DT
3007	40	13	collection	collection	NN
3007	40	14	can	can	MD
3007	40	15	be	be	VB
3007	40	16	used	use	VBN
3007	40	17	to	to	TO
3007	40	18	create	create	VB
3007	40	19	a	a	DT
3007	40	20	tag	tag	NN
3007	40	21	cloud	cloud	NN
3007	40	22	as	as	IN
3007	40	23	a	a	DT
3007	40	24	low	low	JJ
3007	40	25	cost	cost	NN
3007	40	26	way	way	NN
3007	40	27	to	to	TO
3007	40	28	contribute	contribute	VB
3007	40	29	to	to	IN
3007	40	30	a	a	DT
3007	40	31	visualization	visualization	NN
3007	40	32	of	of	IN
3007	40	33	what	what	WP
3007	40	34	a	a	DT
3007	40	35	collection	collection	NN
3007	40	36	is	be	VBZ
3007	40	37	“	"	``
3007	40	38	about	about	IN
3007	40	39	”	"	''
3007	40	40	over-	over-	NN
3007	40	41	all.6	all.6	:
3007	40	42	Unfortunately	unfortunately	RB
3007	40	43	,	,	,
3007	40	44	a	a	DT
3007	40	45	laboriously	laboriously	RB
3007	40	46	developed	develop	VBN
3007	40	47	set	set	NN
3007	40	48	of	of	IN
3007	40	49	exhaustive	exhaustive	JJ
3007	40	50	tags	tag	NNS
3007	40	51	,	,	,
3007	40	52	although	although	IN
3007	40	53	valuable	valuable	JJ
3007	40	54	for	for	IN
3007	40	55	supporting	support	VBG
3007	40	56	searching	search	VBG
3007	40	57	and	and	CC
3007	40	58	browsing	browsing	NN
3007	40	59	within	within	IN
3007	40	60	a	a	DT
3007	40	61	large	large	JJ
3007	40	62	image	image	NN
3007	40	63	collection	collection	NN
3007	40	64	,	,	,
3007	40	65	could	could	MD
3007	40	66	give	give	VB
3007	40	67	a	a	DT
3007	40	68	very	very	RB
3007	40	69	distorted	distorted	JJ
3007	40	70	overview	overview	NN
3007	40	71	of	of	IN
3007	40	72	what	what	WP
3007	40	73	the	the	DT
3007	40	74	whole	whole	JJ
3007	40	75	collection	collection	NN
3007	40	76	is	be	VBZ
3007	40	77	about	about	IN
3007	40	78	.	.	.
3007	41	1	Extending	extend	VBG
3007	41	2	our	-PRON-	PRP$
3007	41	3	example	example	NN
3007	41	4	,	,	,
3007	41	5	the	the	DT
3007	41	6	tag	tag	NN
3007	41	7	“	"	``
3007	41	8	tree	tree	NN
3007	41	9	”	"	''
3007	41	10	may	may	MD
3007	41	11	occur	occur	VB
3007	41	12	so	so	RB
3007	41	13	frequently	frequently	RB
3007	41	14	and	and	CC
3007	41	15	be	be	VB
3007	41	16	so	so	RB
3007	41	17	promi-	promi-	JJ
3007	41	18	nent	nent	NN
3007	41	19	in	in	IN
3007	41	20	the	the	DT
3007	41	21	tag	tag	NN
3007	41	22	cloud	cloud	NN
3007	41	23	that	that	WDT
3007	41	24	a	a	DT
3007	41	25	user	user	NN
3007	41	26	infers	infer	VBZ
3007	41	27	that	that	IN
3007	41	28	this	this	DT
3007	41	29	is	be	VBZ
3007	41	30	mostly	mostly	RB
3007	41	31	a	a	DT
3007	41	32	botanical	botanical	JJ
3007	41	33	collection	collection	NN
3007	41	34	.	.	.
3007	42	1	selective	selective	JJ
3007	42	2	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	42	3	:	:	:
3007	42	4	lcsH	lcsh	NN
3007	42	5	in	in	IN
3007	42	6	library	library	NN
3007	42	7	catalogs	catalog	NNS
3007	42	8	Although	although	IN
3007	42	9	more	more	RBR
3007	42	10	extreme	extreme	JJ
3007	42	11	in	in	IN
3007	42	12	the	the	DT
3007	42	13	case	case	NN
3007	42	14	of	of	IN
3007	42	15	images	image	NNS
3007	42	16	in	in	IN
3007	42	17	conveying	convey	VBG
3007	42	18	the	the	DT
3007	42	19	“	"	``
3007	42	20	ofness	ofness	NN
3007	42	21	,	,	,
3007	42	22	”	"	''
3007	42	23	the	the	DT
3007	42	24	same	same	JJ
3007	42	25	problem	problem	NN
3007	42	26	with	with	IN
3007	42	27	multiple	multiple	JJ
3007	42	28	sub-	sub-	JJ
3007	42	29	jects	ject	NNS
3007	42	30	also	also	RB
3007	42	31	applies	apply	VBZ
3007	42	32	to	to	TO
3007	42	33	text	text	VB
3007	42	34	in	in	IN
3007	42	35	terms	term	NNS
3007	42	36	of	of	IN
3007	42	37	“	"	``
3007	42	38	aboutness	aboutness	NN
3007	42	39	.	.	.
3007	42	40	”	"	''
3007	42	41	The	the	DT
3007	42	42	following	follow	VBG
3007	42	43	example	example	NN
3007	42	44	comes	come	VBZ
3007	42	45	from	from	IN
3007	42	46	an	an	DT
3007	42	47	online	online	JJ
3007	42	48	library	library	NN
3007	42	49	catalog	catalog	NN
3007	42	50	in	in	IN
3007	42	51	a	a	DT
3007	42	52	faceted	faceted	JJ
3007	42	53	navigation	navigation	NN
3007	42	54	web	web	NN
3007	42	55	interface	interface	NN
3007	42	56	using	use	VBG
3007	42	57	Library	Library	NNP
3007	42	58	of	of	IN
3007	42	59	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	42	60	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	42	61	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	42	62	in	in	IN
3007	42	63	subject	subject	JJ
3007	42	64	cataloging.7	cataloging.7	CC
3007	42	65	The	the	DT
3007	42	66	query	query	NN
3007	42	67	“	"	``
3007	42	68	psychoanalysis	psychoanalysis	NN
3007	42	69	and	and	CC
3007	42	70	religion	religion	NN
3007	42	71	”	"	''
3007	42	72	returned	return	VBD
3007	42	73	158	158	CD
3007	42	74	results	result	NNS
3007	42	75	,	,	,
3007	42	76	with	with	IN
3007	42	77	126	126	CD
3007	42	78	in	in	IN
3007	42	79	“	"	``
3007	42	80	psychoanalysis	psychoanalysis	NN
3007	42	81	and	and	CC
3007	42	82	religion	religion	NN
3007	42	83	”	"	''
3007	42	84	under	under	IN
3007	42	85	the	the	DT
3007	42	86	Topic	topic	JJ
3007	42	87	facet	facet	NN
3007	42	88	.	.	.
3007	43	1	According	accord	VBG
3007	43	2	to	to	IN
3007	43	3	the	the	DT
3007	43	4	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	43	5	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	43	6	Manual	Manual	NNP
3007	43	7	,	,	,
3007	43	8	the	the	DT
3007	43	9	first	first	JJ
3007	43	10	subject	subject	NN
3007	43	11	is	be	VBZ
3007	43	12	always	always	RB
3007	43	13	the	the	DT
3007	43	14	primary	primary	JJ
3007	43	15	one	one	NN
3007	43	16	,	,	,
3007	43	17	while	while	IN
3007	43	18	the	the	DT
3007	43	19	second	second	JJ
3007	43	20	and	and	CC
3007	43	21	others	other	NNS
3007	43	22	could	could	MD
3007	43	23	be	be	VB
3007	43	24	either	either	CC
3007	43	25	a	a	DT
3007	43	26	primary	primary	JJ
3007	43	27	or	or	CC
3007	43	28	nonprimary	nonprimary	JJ
3007	43	29	subject.8	subject.8	NN
3007	43	30	This	this	DT
3007	43	31	means	mean	VBZ
3007	43	32	that	that	IN
3007	43	33	among	among	IN
3007	43	34	these	these	DT
3007	43	35	126	126	CD
3007	43	36	books	book	NNS
3007	43	37	,	,	,
3007	43	38	there	there	EX
3007	43	39	is	be	VBZ
3007	43	40	no	no	DT
3007	43	41	easy	easy	JJ
3007	43	42	way	way	NN
3007	43	43	to	to	TO
3007	43	44	tell	tell	VB
3007	43	45	which	which	WDT
3007	43	46	books	book	NNS
3007	43	47	are	be	VBP
3007	43	48	“	"	``
3007	43	49	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	43	50	”	"	''
3007	43	51	about	about	IN
3007	43	52	“	"	``
3007	43	53	psychoanalysis	psychoanalysis	NN
3007	43	54	and	and	CC
3007	43	55	religion	religion	NN
3007	43	56	”	"	''
3007	43	57	unless	unless	IN
3007	43	58	the	the	DT
3007	43	59	user	user	NN
3007	43	60	goes	go	VBZ
3007	43	61	through	through	IN
3007	43	62	all	all	DT
3007	43	63	of	of	IN
3007	43	64	them	-PRON-	PRP
3007	43	65	.	.	.
3007	44	1	With	with	IN
3007	44	2	the	the	DT
3007	44	3	pro-	pro-	NN
3007	44	4	vided	vide	VBN
3007	44	5	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	44	6	,	,	,
3007	44	7	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	44	8	do	do	VBP
3007	44	9	know	know	VB
3007	44	10	that	that	IN
3007	44	11	all	all	DT
3007	44	12	books	book	NNS
3007	44	13	that	that	WDT
3007	44	14	have	have	VBP
3007	44	15	“	"	``
3007	44	16	psychoanalysis	psychoanalysis	NN
3007	44	17	and	and	CC
3007	44	18	religion	religion	NN
3007	44	19	”	"	''
3007	44	20	as	as	IN
3007	44	21	the	the	DT
3007	44	22	first	first	JJ
3007	44	23	subject	subject	JJ
3007	44	24	heading	heading	NN
3007	44	25	are	be	VBP
3007	44	26	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	44	27	about	about	IN
3007	44	28	this	this	DT
3007	44	29	topic	topic	NN
3007	44	30	,	,	,
3007	44	31	but	but	CC
3007	44	32	a	a	DT
3007	44	33	book	book	NN
3007	44	34	that	that	WDT
3007	44	35	has	have	VBZ
3007	44	36	this	this	DT
3007	44	37	same	same	JJ
3007	44	38	heading	heading	NN
3007	44	39	as	as	IN
3007	44	40	its	-PRON-	PRP$
3007	44	41	second	second	JJ
3007	44	42	subject	subject	NN
3007	44	43	head-	head-	NN
3007	44	44	ing	ing	NNP
3007	44	45	may	may	MD
3007	44	46	or	or	CC
3007	44	47	may	may	MD
3007	44	48	not	not	RB
3007	44	49	be	be	VB
3007	44	50	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	44	51	about	about	IN
3007	44	52	this	this	DT
3007	44	53	topic	topic	NN
3007	44	54	.	.	.
3007	45	1	There	there	EX
3007	45	2	is	be	VBZ
3007	45	3	no	no	DT
3007	45	4	way	way	NN
3007	45	5	to	to	TO
3007	45	6	indicate	indicate	VB
3007	45	7	which	which	WDT
3007	45	8	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	45	9	is	be	VBZ
3007	45	10	in	in	IN
3007	45	11	the	the	DT
3007	45	12	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	45	13	,	,	,
3007	45	14	nor	nor	CC
3007	45	15	in	in	IN
3007	45	16	the	the	DT
3007	45	17	search	search	NN
3007	45	18	interface	interface	NN
3007	45	19	.	.	.
3007	46	1	As	as	IN
3007	46	2	this	this	DT
3007	46	3	example	example	NN
3007	46	4	shows	show	VBZ
3007	46	5	,	,	,
3007	46	6	the	the	DT
3007	46	7	Library	Library	NNP
3007	46	8	of	of	IN
3007	46	9	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	46	10	manual	manual	NN
3007	46	11	involves	involve	VBZ
3007	46	12	an	an	DT
3007	46	13	attempt	attempt	NN
3007	46	14	to	to	TO
3007	46	15	acknowledge	acknowledge	VB
3007	46	16	and	and	CC
3007	46	17	make	make	VB
3007	46	18	a	a	DT
3007	46	19	distinction	distinction	NN
3007	46	20	between	between	IN
3007	46	21	primary	primary	JJ
3007	46	22	and	and	CC
3007	46	23	nonprimary	nonprimary	JJ
3007	46	24	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	46	25	.	.	.
3007	47	1	However	however	RB
3007	47	2	in	in	IN
3007	47	3	practice	practice	NN
3007	47	4	the	the	DT
3007	47	5	attempt	attempt	NN
3007	47	6	is	be	VBZ
3007	47	7	insufficient	insufficient	JJ
3007	47	8	to	to	TO
3007	47	9	be	be	VB
3007	47	10	really	really	RB
3007	47	11	useful	useful	JJ
3007	47	12	since	since	IN
3007	47	13	apart	apart	RB
3007	47	14	from	from	IN
3007	47	15	the	the	DT
3007	47	16	first	first	JJ
3007	47	17	entry	entry	NN
3007	47	18	,	,	,
3007	47	19	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	47	20	is	be	VBZ
3007	47	21	ambiguous	ambiguous	JJ
3007	47	22	whether	whether	IN
3007	47	23	subsequent	subsequent	JJ
3007	47	24	entries	entry	NNS
3007	47	25	are	be	VBP
3007	47	26	additional	additional	JJ
3007	47	27	primary	primary	JJ
3007	47	28	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	47	29	or	or	CC
3007	47	30	nonprimary	nonprimary	JJ
3007	47	31	sub-	sub-	JJ
3007	47	32	jects	ject	NNS
3007	47	33	.	.	.
3007	48	1	Consequently	consequently	RB
3007	48	2	,	,	,
3007	48	3	the	the	DT
3007	48	4	search	search	NN
3007	48	5	system	system	NN
3007	48	6	and	and	CC
3007	48	7	,	,	,
3007	48	8	further	further	RB
3007	48	9	on	on	RB
3007	48	10	,	,	,
3007	48	11	the	the	DT
3007	48	12	users	user	NNS
3007	48	13	are	be	VBP
3007	48	14	not	not	RB
3007	48	15	able	able	JJ
3007	48	16	to	to	TO
3007	48	17	take	take	VB
3007	48	18	full	full	JJ
3007	48	19	advantage	advantage	NN
3007	48	20	of	of	IN
3007	48	21	the	the	DT
3007	48	22	care	care	NN
3007	48	23	of	of	IN
3007	48	24	a	a	DT
3007	48	25	cataloger	cataloger	NN
3007	48	26	in	in	IN
3007	48	27	deciding	decide	VBG
3007	48	28	whether	whether	IN
3007	48	29	an	an	DT
3007	48	30	additional	additional	JJ
3007	48	31	subject	subject	NN
3007	48	32	is	be	VBZ
3007	48	33	primary	primary	JJ
3007	48	34	or	or	CC
3007	48	35	not	not	RB
3007	48	36	.	.	.
3007	49	1	other	other	JJ
3007	49	2	information	information	NN
3007	49	3	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	49	4	systems	system	NNS
3007	49	5	The	the	DT
3007	49	6	negative	negative	JJ
3007	49	7	effect	effect	NN
3007	49	8	of	of	IN
3007	49	9	current	current	JJ
3007	49	10	sub-	sub-	DT
3007	49	11	ject	ject	NN
3007	49	12	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	49	13	without	without	IN
3007	49	14	weighting	weight	VBG
3007	49	15	on	on	IN
3007	49	16	search	search	NN
3007	49	17	outcomes	outcome	NNS
3007	49	18	has	have	VBZ
3007	49	19	been	be	VBN
3007	49	20	identified	identify	VBN
3007	49	21	by	by	IN
3007	49	22	some	some	DT
3007	49	23	researchers	researcher	NNS
3007	49	24	on	on	IN
3007	49	25	particular	particular	JJ
3007	49	26	information	information	NN
3007	49	27	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	49	28	systems	system	NNS
3007	49	29	.	.	.
3007	50	1	In	in	IN
3007	50	2	a	a	DT
3007	50	3	study	study	NN
3007	50	4	examining	examine	VBG
3007	50	5	“	"	``
3007	50	6	the	the	DT
3007	50	7	contribution	contribution	NN
3007	50	8	of	of	IN
3007	50	9	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	50	10	to	to	IN
3007	50	11	effective	effective	JJ
3007	50	12	searching,”9	searching,”9	NNP
3007	50	13	Hawking	Hawking	NNP
3007	50	14	and	and	CC
3007	50	15	Zobel	Zobel	NNP
3007	50	16	found	find	VBD
3007	50	17	that	that	IN
3007	50	18	the	the	DT
3007	50	19	available	available	JJ
3007	50	20	subject	subject	JJ
3007	50	21	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	50	22	are	be	VBP
3007	50	23	“	"	``
3007	50	24	of	of	IN
3007	50	25	little	little	JJ
3007	50	26	value	value	NN
3007	50	27	in	in	IN
3007	50	28	ranking	rank	VBG
3007	50	29	answers	answer	NNS
3007	50	30	”	"	''
3007	50	31	to	to	TO
3007	50	32	search	search	VB
3007	50	33	queries.10	queries.10	NNP
3007	50	34	Their	-PRON-	PRP$
3007	50	35	explanation	explanation	NN
3007	50	36	is	be	VBZ
3007	50	37	that	that	IN
3007	50	38	“	"	``
3007	50	39	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	50	40	is	be	VBZ
3007	50	41	difficult	difficult	JJ
3007	50	42	to	to	TO
3007	50	43	indicate	indicate	VB
3007	50	44	via	via	IN
3007	50	45	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	50	46	tagging	tag	VBG
3007	50	47	the	the	DT
3007	50	48	relative	relative	JJ
3007	50	49	importance	importance	NN
3007	50	50	of	of	IN
3007	50	51	a	a	DT
3007	50	52	page	page	NN
3007	50	53	to	to	IN
3007	50	54	a	a	DT
3007	50	55	particular	particular	JJ
3007	50	56	topic,”11	topic,”11	NNP
3007	50	57	in	in	IN
3007	50	58	addition	addition	NN
3007	50	59	to	to	IN
3007	50	60	the	the	DT
3007	50	61	prob-	prob-	JJ
3007	50	62	lems	lem	NNS
3007	50	63	in	in	IN
3007	50	64	data	data	NN
3007	50	65	quality	quality	NN
3007	50	66	and	and	CC
3007	50	67	system	system	NN
3007	50	68	implementation	implementation	NN
3007	50	69	.	.	.
3007	51	1	The	the	DT
3007	51	2	same	same	JJ
3007	51	3	problem	problem	NN
3007	51	4	:	:	:
3007	51	5	|	|	CD
3007	51	6	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNS
3007	51	7	et	et	NNP
3007	51	8	Al	Al	NNP
3007	51	9	.	.	.
3007	52	1	77seeinG	77seeing	CD
3007	52	2	tHe	the	DT
3007	52	3	WooD	WooD	NNP
3007	52	4	For	for	IN
3007	52	5	tHe	the	DT
3007	52	6	trees	tree	NNS
3007	52	7	|	|	CD
3007	52	8	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNS
3007	52	9	et	et	NNP
3007	52	10	Al	Al	NNP
3007	52	11	.	.	.
3007	53	1	77	77	CD
3007	53	2	authors	author	NNS
3007	53	3	compared	compare	VBN
3007	53	4	with	with	IN
3007	53	5	the	the	DT
3007	53	6	automatic	automatic	JJ
3007	53	7	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	53	8	systems	system	NNS
3007	53	9	,	,	,
3007	53	10	because	because	IN
3007	53	11	human	human	JJ
3007	53	12	indexers	indexer	NNS
3007	53	13	should	should	MD
3007	53	14	be	be	VB
3007	53	15	bet-	bet-	JJ
3007	53	16	ter	ter	NN
3007	53	17	at	at	IN
3007	53	18	weighting	weight	VBG
3007	53	19	the	the	DT
3007	53	20	significance	significance	NN
3007	53	21	of	of	IN
3007	53	22	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	53	23	,	,	,
3007	53	24	and	and	CC
3007	53	25	be	be	VB
3007	53	26	more	more	RBR
3007	53	27	able	able	JJ
3007	53	28	to	to	TO
3007	53	29	distinguish	distinguish	VB
3007	53	30	between	between	IN
3007	53	31	important	important	JJ
3007	53	32	and	and	CC
3007	53	33	peripheral	peripheral	JJ
3007	53	34	compared	compare	VBN
3007	53	35	with	with	IN
3007	53	36	computers	computer	NNS
3007	53	37	that	that	WDT
3007	53	38	base	base	VBP
3007	53	39	signifi-	signifi-	NN
3007	53	40	cance	cance	NN
3007	53	41	on	on	IN
3007	53	42	term	term	NN
3007	53	43	frequency.13	frequency.13	NNP
3007	53	44	Indeed	indeed	RB
3007	53	45	,	,	,
3007	53	46	while	while	IN
3007	53	47	various	various	JJ
3007	53	48	weight-	weight-	NN
3007	53	49	ing	ing	NN
3007	53	50	algorithms	algorithm	NNS
3007	53	51	have	have	VBP
3007	53	52	been	be	VBN
3007	53	53	used	use	VBN
3007	53	54	in	in	IN
3007	53	55	automatic	automatic	JJ
3007	53	56	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	53	57	systems	system	NNS
3007	53	58	to	to	TO
3007	53	59	approximate	approximate	VB
3007	53	60	the	the	DT
3007	53	61	distinguishing	distinguish	VBG
3007	53	62	function	function	NN
3007	53	63	,	,	,
3007	53	64	there	there	EX
3007	53	65	is	be	VBZ
3007	53	66	simply	simply	RB
3007	53	67	no	no	DT
3007	53	68	such	such	JJ
3007	53	69	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	53	70	built	build	VBN
3007	53	71	in	in	IN
3007	53	72	human	human	JJ
3007	53	73	subject	subject	NN
3007	53	74	the	the	DT
3007	53	75	particular	particular	JJ
3007	53	76	page	page	NN
3007	53	77	harder	hard	RBR
3007	53	78	to	to	IN
3007	53	79	find.12	find.12	VB
3007	53	80	A	a	DT
3007	53	81	similar	similar	JJ
3007	53	82	problem	problem	NN
3007	53	83	is	be	VBZ
3007	53	84	reported	report	VBN
3007	53	85	in	in	IN
3007	53	86	a	a	DT
3007	53	87	recent	recent	JJ
3007	53	88	study	study	NN
3007	53	89	by	by	IN
3007	53	90	Lykke	Lykke	NNP
3007	53	91	and	and	CC
3007	53	92	Eslau	Eslau	NNP
3007	53	93	.	.	.
3007	54	1	In	in	IN
3007	54	2	comparing	comparing	NN
3007	54	3	searching	search	VBG
3007	54	4	by	by	IN
3007	54	5	controlled	control	VBN
3007	54	6	subject	subject	JJ
3007	54	7	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	54	8	,	,	,
3007	54	9	search-	search-	JJ
3007	54	10	ing	ing	NNP
3007	54	11	based	base	VBN
3007	54	12	on	on	IN
3007	54	13	automatic	automatic	JJ
3007	54	14	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	54	15	,	,	,
3007	54	16	and	and	CC
3007	54	17	searching	search	VBG
3007	54	18	based	base	VBN
3007	54	19	on	on	IN
3007	54	20	automatic	automatic	JJ
3007	54	21	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	54	22	expanded	expand	VBN
3007	54	23	with	with	IN
3007	54	24	a	a	DT
3007	54	25	corporate	corporate	JJ
3007	54	26	thesaurus	thesaurus	NN
3007	54	27	in	in	IN
3007	54	28	an	an	DT
3007	54	29	enterprise	enterprise	NN
3007	54	30	electronic	electronic	JJ
3007	54	31	document	document	NN
3007	54	32	management	management	NN
3007	54	33	system	system	NN
3007	54	34	,	,	,
3007	54	35	the	the	DT
3007	54	36	authors	author	NNS
3007	54	37	found	find	VBD
3007	54	38	that	that	IN
3007	54	39	the	the	DT
3007	54	40	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	54	41	searches	search	NNS
3007	54	42	produced	produce	VBD
3007	54	43	the	the	DT
3007	54	44	lowest	low	JJS
3007	54	45	pre-	pre-	NN
3007	54	46	cision	cision	NN
3007	54	47	among	among	IN
3007	54	48	the	the	DT
3007	54	49	three	three	CD
3007	54	50	strategies	strategy	NNS
3007	54	51	.	.	.
3007	55	1	The	the	DT
3007	55	2	problem	problem	NN
3007	55	3	of	of	IN
3007	55	4	indiscriminate	indiscriminate	JJ
3007	55	5	meta-	meta-	NNP
3007	55	6	data	datum	NNS
3007	55	7	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	55	8	is	be	VBZ
3007	55	9	“	"	``
3007	55	10	remarkable	remarkable	JJ
3007	55	11	”	"	''
3007	55	12	to	to	IN
3007	55	13	the	the	DT
3007	55	14	of	of	IN
3007	55	15	multiple	multiple	JJ
3007	55	16	tags	tag	NNS
3007	55	17	without	without	IN
3007	55	18	weights	weight	NNS
3007	55	19	is	be	VBZ
3007	55	20	described	describe	VBN
3007	55	21	:	:	:
3007	55	22	In	in	IN
3007	55	23	the	the	DT
3007	55	24	kinds	kind	NNS
3007	55	25	of	of	IN
3007	55	26	queries	query	NNS
3007	55	27	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	55	28	have	have	VBP
3007	55	29	studied	study	VBN
3007	55	30	,	,	,
3007	55	31	there	there	EX
3007	55	32	is	be	VBZ
3007	55	33	typically	typically	RB
3007	55	34	one	one	CD
3007	55	35	page	page	NN
3007	55	36	(	(	-LRB-
3007	55	37	or	or	CC
3007	55	38	at	at	IN
3007	55	39	most	most	JJS
3007	55	40	a	a	DT
3007	55	41	small	small	JJ
3007	55	42	num-	num-	NN
3007	55	43	ber	ber	NN
3007	55	44	)	)	-RRB-
3007	55	45	that	that	DT
3007	55	46	is	be	VBZ
3007	55	47	particularly	particularly	RB
3007	55	48	valu-	valu-	NNS
3007	55	49	able	able	JJ
3007	55	50	.	.	.
3007	56	1	There	there	EX
3007	56	2	are	be	VBP
3007	56	3	many	many	JJ
3007	56	4	other	other	JJ
3007	56	5	pages	page	NNS
3007	56	6	which	which	WDT
3007	56	7	could	could	MD
3007	56	8	be	be	VB
3007	56	9	said	say	VBN
3007	56	10	to	to	TO
3007	56	11	be	be	VB
3007	56	12	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	56	13	to	to	IN
3007	56	14	the	the	DT
3007	56	15	query	query	NN
3007	56	16	—	—	:
3007	56	17	and	and	CC
3007	56	18	thus	thus	RB
3007	56	19	merit	merit	VB
3007	56	20	a	a	DT
3007	56	21	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	56	22	match	match	NN
3007	56	23	—	—	:
3007	56	24	but	but	CC
3007	56	25	they	-PRON-	PRP
3007	56	26	are	be	VBP
3007	56	27	not	not	RB
3007	56	28	nearly	nearly	RB
3007	56	29	so	so	RB
3007	56	30	useful	useful	JJ
3007	56	31	for	for	IN
3007	56	32	a	a	DT
3007	56	33	typical	typical	JJ
3007	56	34	searcher	searcher	NN
3007	56	35	.	.	.
3007	57	1	Under	under	IN
3007	57	2	the	the	DT
3007	57	3	assumption	assumption	NN
3007	57	4	that	that	IN
3007	57	5	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	57	6	is	be	VBZ
3007	57	7	needed	need	VBN
3007	57	8	for	for	IN
3007	57	9	search	search	NN
3007	57	10	,	,	,
3007	57	11	all	all	DT
3007	57	12	of	of	IN
3007	57	13	these	these	DT
3007	57	14	pages	page	NNS
3007	57	15	should	should	MD
3007	57	16	have	have	VB
3007	57	17	the	the	DT
3007	57	18	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	57	19	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	57	20	tag	tag	NN
3007	57	21	,	,	,
3007	57	22	but	but	CC
3007	57	23	this	this	DT
3007	57	24	makes	make	VBZ
3007	57	25	A.	a.	NN
3007	58	1	Subject	subject	JJ
3007	58	2	:	:	:
3007	58	3	women	woman	NNS
3007	58	4	;	;	:
3007	58	5	books	book	NNS
3007	58	6	;	;	:
3007	58	7	dresses	dress	NNS
3007	58	8	;	;	:
3007	58	9	flowers	flower	NNS
3007	58	10	;	;	:
3007	58	11	trees	tree	NNS
3007	58	12	;	;	:
3007	58	13	.	.	.
3007	59	1	.	.	.
3007	60	1	.	.	.
3007	61	1	In	in	IN
3007	61	2	:	:	:
3007	61	3	Victoria	Victoria	NNP
3007	61	4	&	&	CC
3007	61	5	Albert	Albert	NNP
3007	61	6	Museum	Museum	NNP
3007	61	7	(	(	-LRB-
3007	61	8	accessed	access	VBN
3007	61	9	Aug.	August	NNP
3007	61	10	30	30	CD
3007	61	11	,	,	,
3007	61	12	2010	2010	CD
3007	61	13	)	)	-RRB-
3007	61	14	,	,	,
3007	61	15	http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/014962/oil-painting-the-day-dream	http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/014962/oil-painting-the-day-dream	NNP
3007	61	16	B.	B.	NNP
3007	62	1	Tags	tag	NNS
3007	62	2	:	:	:
3007	62	3	Japanese	Japanese	NNP
3007	62	4	;	;	:
3007	62	5	moon	moon	NN
3007	62	6	;	;	:
3007	62	7	nights	night	NNS
3007	62	8	;	;	,
3007	62	9	walking	walking	NN
3007	62	10	;	;	:
3007	62	11	tree	tree	NN
3007	62	12	;	;	:
3007	62	13	.	.	.
3007	63	1	.	.	.
3007	64	1	.	.	.
3007	65	1	In	in	IN
3007	65	2	:	:	:
3007	65	3	Brooklyn	Brooklyn	NNP
3007	65	4	Museum	Museum	NNP
3007	65	5	(	(	-LRB-
3007	65	6	accessed	access	VBN
3007	65	7	Aug.	August	NNP
3007	65	8	30	30	CD
3007	65	9	,	,	,
3007	65	10	2010	2010	CD
3007	65	11	)	)	-RRB-
3007	65	12	,	,	,
3007	65	13	http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollections/objects/121725/Aoi_Slope_Outside_Toranomon_Gate_No._113_from	http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollections/objects/121725/Aoi_Slope_Outside_Toranomon_Gate_No._113_from	NNP
3007	65	14	_	_	NNP
3007	65	15	One_Hundred_Famous_Views_of_Edo	One_Hundred_Famous_Views_of_Edo	NNP
3007	65	16	C.	C.	NNP
3007	65	17	Tags	Tags	NNP
3007	65	18	:	:	:
3007	65	19	Japanese	Japanese	NNPS
3007	65	20	;	;	:
3007	65	21	birds	bird	NNS
3007	65	22	;	;	:
3007	65	23	silk	silk	NN
3007	65	24	;	;	:
3007	65	25	waterfall	waterfall	NN
3007	65	26	;	;	:
3007	65	27	tree	tree	NN
3007	65	28	;	;	:
3007	65	29	.	.	.
3007	66	1	.	.	.
3007	67	1	.	.	.
3007	68	1	In	in	IN
3007	68	2	:	:	:
3007	68	3	Steve	Steve	NNP
3007	68	4	:	:	:
3007	68	5	The	the	DT
3007	68	6	Museum	Museum	NNP
3007	68	7	Social	Social	NNP
3007	68	8	Tagging	Tagging	NNP
3007	68	9	Project	Project	NNP
3007	68	10	(	(	-LRB-
3007	68	11	accessed	access	VBN
3007	68	12	Aug.	August	NNP
3007	68	13	30	30	CD
3007	68	14	,	,	,
3007	68	15	2010	2010	CD
3007	68	16	)	)	-RRB-
3007	68	17	,	,	,
3007	68	18	http://tagger.steve.museum/steve/object/15?offset=2	http://tagger.steve.museum/steve/object/15?offset=2	NNP
3007	68	19	Figure	Figure	NNP
3007	68	20	1	1	CD
3007	68	21	.	.	.
3007	69	1	Example	example	NN
3007	69	2	Images	image	NNS
3007	69	3	with	with	IN
3007	69	4	“	"	``
3007	69	5	tree	tree	NN
3007	69	6	”	"	''
3007	69	7	as	as	IN
3007	69	8	a	a	DT
3007	69	9	Subject	subject	JJ
3007	69	10	Item	item	NN
3007	69	11	78	78	CD
3007	69	12	inFormAtion	information	NN
3007	69	13	tecHnoloGY	technology	NN
3007	69	14	AnD	and	CC
3007	69	15	liBrAries	librarie	VBZ
3007	69	16	|	|	NNP
3007	69	17	June	June	NNP
3007	69	18	2011	2011	CD
3007	69	19	Anderson	Anderson	NNP
3007	69	20	in	in	IN
3007	69	21	NISO	NISO	NNP
3007	69	22	TR021997.20	TR021997.20	NNP
3007	69	23	In	in	IN
3007	69	24	addition	addition	NN
3007	69	25	,	,	,
3007	69	26	researchers	researcher	NNS
3007	69	27	have	have	VBP
3007	69	28	noticed	notice	VBN
3007	69	29	the	the	DT
3007	69	30	limitations	limitation	NNS
3007	69	31	of	of	IN
3007	69	32	this	this	DT
3007	69	33	dichoto-	dichoto-	NN
3007	69	34	mous	mous	JJ
3007	69	35	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	69	36	.	.	.
3007	70	1	In	in	IN
3007	70	2	an	an	DT
3007	70	3	opinion	opinion	NN
3007	70	4	piece	piece	NN
3007	70	5	,	,	,
3007	70	6	Markey	Markey	NNP
3007	70	7	emphasizes	emphasize	VBZ
3007	70	8	the	the	DT
3007	70	9	urgency	urgency	NN
3007	70	10	to	to	TO
3007	70	11	“	"	``
3007	70	12	replace	replace	VB
3007	70	13	Boolean	Boolean	NNP
3007	70	14	-	-	HYPH
3007	70	15	based	base	VBN
3007	70	16	catalogs	catalog	NNS
3007	70	17	with	with	IN
3007	70	18	post	post	JJ
3007	70	19	-	-	JJ
3007	70	20	Boolean	boolean	JJ
3007	70	21	probabilistic	probabilistic	JJ
3007	70	22	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	70	23	methods,”21	methods,”21	NNP
3007	70	24	especially	especially	RB
3007	70	25	given	give	VBN
3007	70	26	the	the	DT
3007	70	27	chal-	chal-	NN
3007	70	28	lenges	lenges	JJ
3007	70	29	library	library	NNP
3007	70	30	systems	system	NNS
3007	70	31	are	be	VBP
3007	70	32	faced	face	VBN
3007	70	33	with	with	IN
3007	70	34	today	today	NN
3007	70	35	.	.	.
3007	71	1	It	-PRON-	PRP
3007	71	2	is	be	VBZ
3007	71	3	the	the	DT
3007	71	4	time	time	NN
3007	71	5	to	to	TO
3007	71	6	change	change	VB
3007	71	7	the	the	DT
3007	71	8	Boolean	Boolean	NNP
3007	71	9	,	,	,
3007	71	10	i.e.	i.e.	FW
3007	71	11	,	,	,
3007	71	12	dichotomous	dichotomous	JJ
3007	71	13	,	,	,
3007	71	14	practice	practice	NN
3007	71	15	of	of	IN
3007	71	16	subject	subject	JJ
3007	71	17	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	71	18	and	and	CC
3007	71	19	cataloging	cataloging	NN
3007	71	20	,	,	,
3007	71	21	no	no	RB
3007	71	22	matter	matter	RB
3007	71	23	whether	whether	IN
3007	71	24	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	71	25	is	be	VBZ
3007	71	26	produced	produce	VBN
3007	71	27	by	by	IN
3007	71	28	professional	professional	JJ
3007	71	29	librarians	librarian	NNS
3007	71	30	,	,	,
3007	71	31	by	by	IN
3007	71	32	user	user	NN
3007	71	33	tag-	tag-	NNP
3007	71	34	ging	ging	NN
3007	71	35	,	,	,
3007	71	36	or	or	CC
3007	71	37	by	by	IN
3007	71	38	an	an	DT
3007	71	39	automatic	automatic	JJ
3007	71	40	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	71	41	.	.	.
3007	72	1	Indeed	indeed	RB
3007	72	2	,	,	,
3007	72	3	as	as	IN
3007	72	4	declared	declare	VBN
3007	72	5	by	by	IN
3007	72	6	Svenonius	Svenonius	NNP
3007	72	7	,	,	,
3007	72	8	“	"	``
3007	72	9	While	while	IN
3007	72	10	the	the	DT
3007	72	11	purpose	purpose	NN
3007	72	12	of	of	IN
3007	72	13	an	an	DT
3007	72	14	index	index	NN
3007	72	15	is	be	VBZ
3007	72	16	to	to	TO
3007	72	17	point	point	VB
3007	72	18	,	,	,
3007	72	19	the	the	DT
3007	72	20	pointing	pointing	NN
3007	72	21	can	can	MD
3007	72	22	not	not	RB
3007	72	23	be	be	VB
3007	72	24	done	do	VBN
3007	72	25	indiscriminately	indiscriminately	RB
3007	72	26	.	.	.
3007	72	27	”22	”22	VB
3007	72	28	Needed	needed	JJ
3007	72	29	Refinements	Refinements	NNPS
3007	72	30	in	in	IN
3007	72	31	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	72	32	Indexing	indexing	NN
3007	72	33	The	the	DT
3007	72	34	fact	fact	NN
3007	72	35	that	that	IN
3007	72	36	weighted	weight	VBD
3007	72	37	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	72	38	has	have	VBZ
3007	72	39	become	become	VBN
3007	72	40	more	more	RBR
3007	72	41	prominently	prominently	RB
3007	72	42	needed	need	VBN
3007	72	43	over	over	IN
3007	72	44	the	the	DT
3007	72	45	past	past	JJ
3007	72	46	decade	decade	NN
3007	72	47	may	may	MD
3007	72	48	be	be	VB
3007	72	49	related	relate	VBN
3007	72	50	to	to	IN
3007	72	51	the	the	DT
3007	72	52	shift	shift	NN
3007	72	53	in	in	IN
3007	72	54	the	the	DT
3007	72	55	continuum	continuum	NN
3007	72	56	from	from	IN
3007	72	57	subject	subject	JJ
3007	72	58	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	72	59	as	as	IN
3007	72	60	representation/	representation/	NNS
3007	72	61	surrogate	surrogate	NN
3007	72	62	to	to	IN
3007	72	63	subject	subject	JJ
3007	72	64	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	72	65	as	as	IN
3007	72	66	access	access	NN
3007	72	67	points	point	NNS
3007	72	68	,	,	,
3007	72	69	which	which	WDT
3007	72	70	is	be	VBZ
3007	72	71	consistent	consistent	JJ
3007	72	72	with	with	IN
3007	72	73	the	the	DT
3007	72	74	shift	shift	NN
3007	72	75	from	from	IN
3007	72	76	a	a	DT
3007	72	77	small	small	JJ
3007	72	78	number	number	NN
3007	72	79	of	of	IN
3007	72	80	subject	subject	JJ
3007	72	81	terms	term	NNS
3007	72	82	to	to	IN
3007	72	83	more	more	RBR
3007	72	84	subject	subject	JJ
3007	72	85	terms	term	NNS
3007	72	86	.	.	.
3007	73	1	This	this	DT
3007	73	2	might	may	MD
3007	73	3	explain	explain	VB
3007	73	4	why	why	WRB
3007	73	5	the	the	DT
3007	73	6	weight-	weight-	NN
3007	73	7	ing	ing	NN
3007	73	8	practice	practice	NN
3007	73	9	is	be	VBZ
3007	73	10	applied	apply	VBN
3007	73	11	in	in	IN
3007	73	12	the	the	DT
3007	73	13	above	above	RB
3007	73	14	mentioned	mention	VBN
3007	73	15	MEDLINE	MEDLINE	NNP
3007	73	16	/	/	SYM
3007	73	17	PubMed	PubMed	NNP
3007	73	18	system	system	NN
3007	73	19	.	.	.
3007	74	1	With	with	IN
3007	74	2	web	web	NN
3007	74	3	-	-	HYPH
3007	74	4	based	base	VBN
3007	74	5	systems	system	NNS
3007	74	6	,	,	,
3007	74	7	social	social	JJ
3007	74	8	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	74	9	technology	technology	NN
3007	74	10	,	,	,
3007	74	11	federated	federated	NNP
3007	74	12	searching	search	VBG
3007	74	13	,	,	,
3007	74	14	and	and	CC
3007	74	15	the	the	DT
3007	74	16	growing	grow	VBG
3007	74	17	number	number	NN
3007	74	18	of	of	IN
3007	74	19	collections	collection	NNS
3007	74	20	producing	produce	VBG
3007	74	21	more	more	JJR
3007	74	22	subject	subject	JJ
3007	74	23	terms	term	NNS
3007	74	24	,	,	,
3007	74	25	to	to	TO
3007	74	26	distinguish	distinguish	VB
3007	74	27	between	between	IN
3007	74	28	them	-PRON-	PRP
3007	74	29	has	have	VBZ
3007	74	30	become	become	VBN
3007	74	31	a	a	DT
3007	74	32	prominent	prominent	JJ
3007	74	33	problem	problem	NN
3007	74	34	.	.	.
3007	75	1	In	in	IN
3007	75	2	reviewing	review	VBG
3007	75	3	information	information	NN
3007	75	4	users	user	NNS
3007	75	5	and	and	CC
3007	75	6	use	use	VBP
3007	75	7	from	from	IN
3007	75	8	the	the	DT
3007	75	9	1920s	1920s	CD
3007	75	10	to	to	IN
3007	75	11	the	the	DT
3007	75	12	present	present	NN
3007	75	13	,	,	,
3007	75	14	Miksa	Miksa	NNP
3007	75	15	points	point	VBZ
3007	75	16	out	out	RP
3007	75	17	the	the	DT
3007	75	18	trend	trend	NN
3007	75	19	to	to	IN
3007	75	20	“	"	``
3007	75	21	more	more	RBR
3007	75	22	granular	granular	JJ
3007	75	23	access	access	NN
3007	75	24	to	to	IN
3007	75	25	informational	informational	JJ
3007	75	26	objects	object	NNS
3007	75	27	”	"	''
3007	75	28	“	"	``
3007	75	29	by	by	IN
3007	75	30	viewing	view	VBG
3007	75	31	documents	document	NNS
3007	75	32	as	as	IN
3007	75	33	having	have	VBG
3007	75	34	many	many	JJ
3007	75	35	diverse	diverse	JJ
3007	75	36	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	75	37	rather	rather	RB
3007	75	38	than	than	IN
3007	75	39	one	one	CD
3007	75	40	or	or	CC
3007	75	41	two	two	CD
3007	75	42	‘	'	``
3007	75	43	main	main	JJ
3007	75	44	’	'	''
3007	75	45	subjects	subject	NNS
3007	75	46	,	,	,
3007	75	47	”	"	''
3007	75	48	no	no	RB
3007	75	49	matter	matter	RB
3007	75	50	what	what	WP
3007	75	51	the	the	DT
3007	75	52	social	social	JJ
3007	75	53	and	and	CC
3007	75	54	tech-	tech-	JJ
3007	75	55	nical	nical	JJ
3007	75	56	environment	environment	NN
3007	75	57	has	have	VBZ
3007	75	58	been.23	been.23	NNP
3007	75	59	In	in	IN
3007	75	60	recognizing	recognize	VBG
3007	75	61	this	this	DT
3007	75	62	theme	theme	NN
3007	75	63	in	in	IN
3007	75	64	the	the	DT
3007	75	65	future	future	JJ
3007	75	66	development	development	NN
3007	75	67	of	of	IN
3007	75	68	information	information	NN
3007	75	69	organi-	organi-	NNP
3007	75	70	zation	zation	NNP
3007	75	71	and	and	CC
3007	75	72	retrieval	retrieval	NNP
3007	75	73	systems	system	NNS
3007	75	74	,	,	,
3007	75	75	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	75	76	argue	argue	VBP
3007	75	77	that	that	IN
3007	75	78	the	the	DT
3007	75	79	subject	subject	JJ
3007	75	80	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	75	81	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	75	82	subject	subject	JJ
3007	75	83	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	75	84	has	have	VBZ
3007	75	85	been	be	VBN
3007	75	86	discussed	discuss	VBN
3007	75	87	in	in	IN
3007	75	88	the	the	DT
3007	75	89	research	research	NN
3007	75	90	area	area	NN
3007	75	91	of	of	IN
3007	75	92	subject	subject	JJ
3007	75	93	analy-	analy-	NNS
3007	75	94	sis	sis	NN
3007	75	95	for	for	IN
3007	75	96	some	some	DT
3007	75	97	time	time	NN
3007	75	98	.	.	.
3007	76	1	Weighting	weighting	NN
3007	76	2	gives	give	VBZ
3007	76	3	indexing	index	VBG
3007	76	4	an	an	DT
3007	76	5	increased	increase	VBN
3007	76	6	granularity	granularity	NN
3007	76	7	and	and	CC
3007	76	8	can	can	MD
3007	76	9	be	be	VB
3007	76	10	a	a	DT
3007	76	11	device	device	NN
3007	76	12	to	to	TO
3007	76	13	counteract	counteract	VB
3007	76	14	the	the	DT
3007	76	15	effect	effect	NN
3007	76	16	of	of	IN
3007	76	17	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	76	18	specificity	specificity	NN
3007	76	19	and	and	CC
3007	76	20	exhaustivity	exhaustivity	NN
3007	76	21	on	on	IN
3007	76	22	precision	precision	NN
3007	76	23	and	and	CC
3007	76	24	recall	recall	NN
3007	76	25	,	,	,
3007	76	26	as	as	IN
3007	76	27	pointed	point	VBN
3007	76	28	out	out	RP
3007	76	29	by	by	IN
3007	76	30	Foskett	Foskett	NNP
3007	76	31	:	:	:
3007	76	32	Whereas	whereas	IN
3007	76	33	specificity	specificity	NN
3007	76	34	is	be	VBZ
3007	76	35	a	a	DT
3007	76	36	device	device	NN
3007	76	37	to	to	TO
3007	76	38	increase	increase	VB
3007	76	39	relevance	relevance	NN
3007	76	40	at	at	IN
3007	76	41	the	the	DT
3007	76	42	cost	cost	NN
3007	76	43	of	of	IN
3007	76	44	recall	recall	NN
3007	76	45	,	,	,
3007	76	46	exhaustivity	exhaustivity	NN
3007	76	47	works	work	VBZ
3007	76	48	in	in	IN
3007	76	49	the	the	DT
3007	76	50	opposite	opposite	JJ
3007	76	51	direction	direction	NN
3007	76	52	,	,	,
3007	76	53	by	by	IN
3007	76	54	increas-	increas-	NNP
3007	76	55	ing	ing	NNP
3007	76	56	recall	recall	NN
3007	76	57	,	,	,
3007	76	58	but	but	CC
3007	76	59	at	at	IN
3007	76	60	the	the	DT
3007	76	61	expense	expense	NN
3007	76	62	of	of	IN
3007	76	63	relevance	relevance	NN
3007	76	64	.	.	.
3007	77	1	A	a	DT
3007	77	2	device	device	NN
3007	77	3	which	which	WDT
3007	77	4	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	77	5	may	may	MD
3007	77	6	use	use	VB
3007	77	7	to	to	TO
3007	77	8	counteract	counteract	VB
3007	77	9	this	this	DT
3007	77	10	effect	effect	NN
3007	77	11	to	to	IN
3007	77	12	some	some	DT
3007	77	13	extent	extent	NN
3007	77	14	is	be	VBZ
3007	77	15	weighting	weight	VBG
3007	77	16	.	.	.
3007	78	1	In	in	IN
3007	78	2	this	this	DT
3007	78	3	,	,	,
3007	78	4	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	78	5	try	try	VBP
3007	78	6	to	to	TO
3007	78	7	show	show	VB
3007	78	8	the	the	DT
3007	78	9	signifi-	signifi-	NN
3007	78	10	cance	cance	NN
3007	78	11	of	of	IN
3007	78	12	any	any	DT
3007	78	13	particular	particular	JJ
3007	78	14	specifi-	specifi-	JJ
3007	78	15	cation	cation	NN
3007	78	16	by	by	IN
3007	78	17	giving	give	VBG
3007	78	18	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	78	19	a	a	DT
3007	78	20	weight	weight	NN
3007	78	21	on	on	IN
3007	78	22	a	a	DT
3007	78	23	pre	pre	JJ
3007	78	24	-	-	JJ
3007	78	25	established	established	JJ
3007	78	26	scale	scale	NN
3007	78	27	.	.	.
3007	79	1	For	for	IN
3007	79	2	example	example	NN
3007	79	3	,	,	,
3007	79	4	if	if	IN
3007	79	5	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	79	6	had	have	VBD
3007	79	7	a	a	DT
3007	79	8	book	book	NN
3007	79	9	on	on	IN
3007	79	10	pets	pet	NNS
3007	79	11	which	which	WDT
3007	79	12	dealt	deal	VBD
3007	79	13	largely	largely	RB
3007	79	14	with	with	IN
3007	79	15	dogs	dog	NNS
3007	79	16	,	,	,
3007	79	17	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	79	18	might	may	MD
3007	79	19	give	give	VB
3007	79	20	PETS	PETS	NNP
3007	79	21	a	a	DT
3007	79	22	weight	weight	NN
3007	79	23	of	of	IN
3007	79	24	10/10	10/10	CD
3007	79	25	,	,	,
3007	79	26	and	and	CC
3007	79	27	DOGS	DOGS	NNP
3007	79	28	,	,	,
3007	79	29	a	a	DT
3007	79	30	weight	weight	NN
3007	79	31	of	of	IN
3007	79	32	8/10	8/10	CD
3007	79	33	or	or	CC
3007	79	34	less.16	less.16	NNP
3007	79	35	Anderson	Anderson	NNP
3007	79	36	also	also	RB
3007	79	37	includes	include	VBZ
3007	79	38	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	79	39	as	as	IN
3007	79	40	a	a	DT
3007	79	41	part	part	NN
3007	79	42	of	of	IN
3007	79	43	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	79	44	in	in	IN
3007	79	45	the	the	DT
3007	79	46	Guidelines	Guidelines	NNPS
3007	79	47	for	for	IN
3007	79	48	Indexes	Indexes	NNPS
3007	79	49	and	and	CC
3007	79	50	Related	Related	NNP
3007	79	51	Information	Information	NNP
3007	79	52	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3007	79	53	Devices	Devices	NNPS
3007	79	54	(	(	-LRB-
3007	79	55	NISO	NISO	NNP
3007	79	56	TR021997	TR021997	NNP
3007	79	57	)	)	-RRB-
3007	79	58	:	:	:
3007	79	59	One	one	CD
3007	79	60	function	function	NN
3007	79	61	of	of	IN
3007	79	62	an	an	DT
3007	79	63	index	index	NN
3007	79	64	is	be	VBZ
3007	79	65	to	to	TO
3007	79	66	discriminate	discriminate	VB
3007	79	67	between	between	IN
3007	79	68	major	major	JJ
3007	79	69	and	and	CC
3007	79	70	minor	minor	JJ
3007	79	71	treatments	treatment	NNS
3007	79	72	of	of	IN
3007	79	73	particular	particular	JJ
3007	79	74	topics	topic	NNS
3007	79	75	or	or	CC
3007	79	76	manifestations	manifestation	NNS
3007	79	77	of	of	IN
3007	79	78	par-	par-	NN
3007	79	79	ticular	ticular	JJ
3007	79	80	features.17	features.17	NNP
3007	79	81	He	-PRON-	PRP
3007	79	82	also	also	RB
3007	79	83	notes	note	VBZ
3007	79	84	that	that	IN
3007	79	85	a	a	DT
3007	79	86	weight-	weight-	XX
3007	79	87	ing	ing	NN
3007	79	88	scheme	scheme	NN
3007	79	89	is	be	VBZ
3007	79	90	“	"	``
3007	79	91	especially	especially	RB
3007	79	92	useful	useful	JJ
3007	79	93	in	in	IN
3007	79	94	high	high	JJ
3007	79	95	-	-	HYPH
3007	79	96	exhaustivity	exhaustivity	NN
3007	79	97	indexing”18	indexing”18	-LRB-
3007	79	98	when	when	WRB
3007	79	99	both	both	CC
3007	79	100	peripheral	peripheral	JJ
3007	79	101	and	and	CC
3007	79	102	primary	primary	JJ
3007	79	103	topics	topic	NNS
3007	79	104	are	be	VBP
3007	79	105	indicated	indicate	VBN
3007	79	106	.	.	.
3007	80	1	Similarly	similarly	RB
3007	80	2	,	,	,
3007	80	3	Fidel	Fidel	NNP
3007	80	4	lists	list	VBZ
3007	80	5	“	"	``
3007	80	6	weights	weight	NNS
3007	80	7	”	"	''
3007	80	8	as	as	IN
3007	80	9	one	one	CD
3007	80	10	of	of	IN
3007	80	11	the	the	DT
3007	80	12	issues	issue	NNS
3007	80	13	that	that	WDT
3007	80	14	should	should	MD
3007	80	15	be	be	VB
3007	80	16	addressed	address	VBN
3007	80	17	in	in	IN
3007	80	18	an	an	DT
3007	80	19	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	80	20	policy.19	policy.19	NNP
3007	80	21	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	80	22	indexing	index	VBG
3007	80	23	without	without	IN
3007	80	24	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	80	25	is	be	VBZ
3007	80	26	related	relate	VBN
3007	80	27	to	to	IN
3007	80	28	the	the	DT
3007	80	29	simplified	simplify	VBN
3007	80	30	dichotomous	dichotomous	JJ
3007	80	31	assumption	assumption	NN
3007	80	32	in	in	IN
3007	80	33	sub-	sub-	DT
3007	80	34	ject	ject	NNP
3007	80	35	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	80	36	—	—	:
3007	80	37	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	80	38	about	about	IN
3007	80	39	/	/	SYM
3007	80	40	of	of	IN
3007	80	41	and	and	CC
3007	80	42	not	not	RB
3007	80	43	primarily	primarily	RB
3007	80	44	about	about	RB
3007	80	45	/	/	SYM
3007	80	46	of	of	IN
3007	80	47	,	,	,
3007	80	48	which	which	WDT
3007	80	49	further	further	RB
3007	80	50	leads	lead	VBZ
3007	80	51	to	to	IN
3007	80	52	the	the	DT
3007	80	53	dichotomous	dichotomous	JJ
3007	80	54	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	80	55	result	result	NN
3007	80	56	—	—	:
3007	80	57	retrieved	retrieve	VBN
3007	80	58	and	and	CC
3007	80	59	not	not	RB
3007	80	60	retrieved	retrieve	VBN
3007	80	61	.	.	.
3007	81	1	Weighting	weight	VBG
3007	81	2	as	as	IN
3007	81	3	a	a	DT
3007	81	4	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	81	5	to	to	TO
3007	81	6	break	break	VB
3007	81	7	this	this	DT
3007	81	8	dichotomy	dichotomy	NN
3007	81	9	is	be	VBZ
3007	81	10	noted	note	VBN
3007	81	11	by	by	IN
3007	81	12	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	81	13	indexing	index	VBG
3007	81	14	even	even	RB
3007	81	15	though	though	IN
3007	81	16	human	human	JJ
3007	81	17	indexers	indexer	NNS
3007	81	18	are	be	VBP
3007	81	19	able	able	JJ
3007	81	20	to	to	TO
3007	81	21	do	do	VB
3007	81	22	the	the	DT
3007	81	23	job	job	NN
3007	81	24	much	much	RB
3007	81	25	better	well	JJR
3007	81	26	than	than	IN
3007	81	27	computers	computer	NNS
3007	81	28	.	.	.
3007	82	1	Weighting	weighting	NN
3007	82	2	:	:	:
3007	82	3	Yesterday	yesterday	NN
3007	82	4	,	,	,
3007	82	5	Today	today	NN
3007	82	6	,	,	,
3007	82	7	and	and	CC
3007	82	8	Future	Future	NNP
3007	82	9	Precedent	Precedent	NNP
3007	82	10	Weighting	Weighting	NNP
3007	82	11	Practices	Practices	NNPS
3007	82	12	Written	write	VBN
3007	82	13	more	more	JJR
3007	82	14	than	than	IN
3007	82	15	thirty	thirty	CD
3007	82	16	years	year	NNS
3007	82	17	ago	ago	RB
3007	82	18	,	,	,
3007	82	19	the	the	DT
3007	82	20	final	final	JJ
3007	82	21	report	report	NN
3007	82	22	of	of	IN
3007	82	23	the	the	DT
3007	82	24	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	82	25	Access	Access	NNP
3007	82	26	Project	Project	NNP
3007	82	27	describes	describe	VBZ
3007	82	28	how	how	WRB
3007	82	29	the	the	DT
3007	82	30	project	project	NN
3007	82	31	researchers	researcher	NNS
3007	82	32	applied	apply	VBD
3007	82	33	weights	weight	NNS
3007	82	34	to	to	IN
3007	82	35	the	the	DT
3007	82	36	newly	newly	RB
3007	82	37	added	add	VBN
3007	82	38	subject	subject	JJ
3007	82	39	terms	term	NNS
3007	82	40	extracted	extract	VBN
3007	82	41	from	from	IN
3007	82	42	tables	table	NNS
3007	82	43	of	of	IN
3007	82	44	contents	content	NNS
3007	82	45	and	and	CC
3007	82	46	back-	back-	NN
3007	82	47	of	of	IN
3007	82	48	-	-	HYPH
3007	82	49	the	the	DT
3007	82	50	-	-	HYPH
3007	82	51	book	book	NN
3007	82	52	indexes	index	NNS
3007	82	53	.	.	.
3007	83	1	The	the	DT
3007	83	2	criterion	criterion	NN
3007	83	3	used	use	VBN
3007	83	4	in	in	IN
3007	83	5	that	that	DT
3007	83	6	project	project	NN
3007	83	7	was	be	VBD
3007	83	8	that	that	IN
3007	83	9	terms	term	NNS
3007	83	10	and	and	CC
3007	83	11	phrases	phrase	NNS
3007	83	12	with	with	IN
3007	83	13	a	a	DT
3007	83	14	“	"	``
3007	83	15	ten	ten	CD
3007	83	16	-	-	HYPH
3007	83	17	page	page	NN
3007	83	18	range	range	NN
3007	83	19	or	or	CC
3007	83	20	larger	large	JJR
3007	83	21	”	"	''
3007	83	22	were	be	VBD
3007	83	23	treated	treat	VBN
3007	83	24	as	as	IN
3007	83	25	“	"	``
3007	83	26	major	major	JJ
3007	83	27	”	"	''
3007	83	28	ones.14	ones.14	NNP
3007	83	29	A	a	DT
3007	83	30	similar	similar	JJ
3007	83	31	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	83	32	was	be	VBD
3007	83	33	adopted	adopt	VBN
3007	83	34	in	in	IN
3007	83	35	the	the	DT
3007	83	36	ERIC	ERIC	NNP
3007	83	37	database	database	NN
3007	83	38	beginning	beginning	NN
3007	83	39	in	in	IN
3007	83	40	the	the	DT
3007	83	41	1960s	1960	NNS
3007	83	42	,	,	,
3007	83	43	with	with	IN
3007	83	44	indexes	index	NNS
3007	83	45	distinguishing	distinguish	VBG
3007	83	46	“	"	``
3007	83	47	major	major	JJ
3007	83	48	”	"	''
3007	83	49	and	and	CC
3007	83	50	“	"	``
3007	83	51	minor	minor	JJ
3007	83	52	”	"	''
3007	83	53	descriptors	descriptor	NNS
3007	83	54	as	as	IN
3007	83	55	the	the	DT
3007	83	56	result	result	NN
3007	83	57	of	of	IN
3007	83	58	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	83	59	.	.	.
3007	84	1	While	while	IN
3007	84	2	some	some	DT
3007	84	3	search	search	NN
3007	84	4	systems	system	NNS
3007	84	5	allowed	allow	VBD
3007	84	6	differentia-	differentia-	PRP$
3007	84	7	tion	tion	NN
3007	84	8	of	of	IN
3007	84	9	major	major	JJ
3007	84	10	and	and	CC
3007	84	11	minor	minor	JJ
3007	84	12	descriptors	descriptor	NNS
3007	84	13	in	in	IN
3007	84	14	formulating	formulate	VBG
3007	84	15	searches	search	NNS
3007	84	16	,	,	,
3007	84	17	others	other	NNS
3007	84	18	sim-	sim-	RB
3007	84	19	ply	ply	UH
3007	84	20	included	include	VBD
3007	84	21	the	the	DT
3007	84	22	distinction	distinction	NN
3007	84	23	(	(	-LRB-
3007	84	24	with	with	IN
3007	84	25	an	an	DT
3007	84	26	asterisk	asterisk	NN
3007	84	27	)	)	-RRB-
3007	84	28	when	when	WRB
3007	84	29	displaying	display	VBG
3007	84	30	a	a	DT
3007	84	31	record	record	NN
3007	84	32	.	.	.
3007	85	1	Unfortunately	unfortunately	RB
3007	85	2	,	,	,
3007	85	3	this	this	DT
3007	85	4	distinguishing	distinguish	VBG
3007	85	5	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	85	6	is	be	VBZ
3007	85	7	no	no	RB
3007	85	8	longer	long	RBR
3007	85	9	included	include	VBN
3007	85	10	in	in	IN
3007	85	11	the	the	DT
3007	85	12	later	later	JJ
3007	85	13	ERIC	ERIC	NNP
3007	85	14	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	85	15	data	datum	NNS
3007	85	16	.	.	.
3007	86	1	A	a	DT
3007	86	2	system	system	NN
3007	86	3	using	use	VBG
3007	86	4	weighted	weight	VBD
3007	86	5	index-	index-	NNP
3007	86	6	ing	ing	NNP
3007	86	7	and	and	CC
3007	86	8	searching	search	VBG
3007	86	9	and	and	CC
3007	86	10	still	still	RB
3007	86	11	running	run	VBG
3007	86	12	today	today	NN
3007	86	13	is	be	VBZ
3007	86	14	the	the	DT
3007	86	15	MEDLINE	MEDLINE	NNP
3007	86	16	/	/	SYM
3007	86	17	PubMed	PubMed	NNP
3007	86	18	interface	interface	NN
3007	86	19	.	.	.
3007	87	1	A	a	DT
3007	87	2	qualifier	qualifi	JJR
3007	87	3	[	[	-LRB-
3007	87	4	majr	majr	NNS
3007	87	5	]	]	-RRB-
3007	87	6	can	can	MD
3007	87	7	be	be	VB
3007	87	8	used	use	VBN
3007	87	9	with	with	IN
3007	87	10	a	a	DT
3007	87	11	Medical	Medical	NNP
3007	87	12	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	87	13	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	87	14	(	(	-LRB-
3007	87	15	MeSH	mesh	JJ
3007	87	16	)	)	-RRB-
3007	87	17	term	term	NN
3007	87	18	in	in	IN
3007	87	19	a	a	DT
3007	87	20	query	query	NN
3007	87	21	to	to	TO
3007	87	22	“	"	``
3007	87	23	search	search	VB
3007	87	24	a	a	DT
3007	87	25	MeSH	mesh	JJ
3007	87	26	heading	heading	NN
3007	87	27	which	which	WDT
3007	87	28	is	be	VBZ
3007	87	29	a	a	DT
3007	87	30	major	major	JJ
3007	87	31	topic	topic	NN
3007	87	32	of	of	IN
3007	87	33	an	an	DT
3007	87	34	article	article	NN
3007	87	35	(	(	-LRB-
3007	87	36	e.g.	e.g.	RB
3007	87	37	,	,	,
3007	87	38	thromboembolism[majr]).”15	thromboembolism[majr]).”15	NFP
3007	87	39	In	in	IN
3007	87	40	the	the	DT
3007	87	41	search	search	NN
3007	87	42	result	result	NN
3007	87	43	page	page	NN
3007	87	44	,	,	,
3007	87	45	each	each	DT
3007	87	46	major	major	JJ
3007	87	47	MeSH	mesh	JJ
3007	87	48	topic	topic	NN
3007	87	49	term	term	NN
3007	87	50	is	be	VBZ
3007	87	51	denoted	denote	VBN
3007	87	52	by	by	IN
3007	87	53	an	an	DT
3007	87	54	asterisk	asterisk	NN
3007	87	55	at	at	IN
3007	87	56	the	the	DT
3007	87	57	end	end	NN
3007	87	58	.	.	.
3007	88	1	Weighting	Weighting	NNP
3007	88	2	Concept	Concept	NNP
3007	88	3	and	and	CC
3007	88	4	the	the	DT
3007	88	5	Purpose	Purpose	NNP
3007	88	6	of	of	IN
3007	88	7	Indexing	indexing	NN
3007	88	8	The	the	DT
3007	88	9	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	88	10	concept	concept	NN
3007	88	11	is	be	VBZ
3007	88	12	connected	connect	VBN
3007	88	13	with	with	IN
3007	88	14	the	the	DT
3007	88	15	fundamental	fundamental	JJ
3007	88	16	purpose	purpose	NN
3007	88	17	of	of	IN
3007	88	18	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	88	19	.	.	.
3007	89	1	The	the	DT
3007	89	2	idea	idea	NN
3007	89	3	of	of	IN
3007	89	4	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	89	5	in	in	IN
3007	89	6	:	:	:
3007	89	7	|	|	CD
3007	89	8	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNS
3007	89	9	et	et	NNP
3007	89	10	Al	Al	NNP
3007	89	11	.	.	.
3007	90	1	79seeinG	79seeing	CD
3007	90	2	tHe	the	DT
3007	90	3	WooD	WooD	NNS
3007	90	4	For	for	IN
3007	90	5	tHe	the	DT
3007	90	6	trees	tree	NNS
3007	90	7	|	|	CD
3007	90	8	zHAnG	zHAnG	NNS
3007	90	9	et	et	NNP
3007	90	10	Al	Al	NNP
3007	90	11	.	.	.
3007	91	1	79	79	CD
3007	91	2	user	user	NN
3007	91	3	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	91	4	and	and	CC
3007	91	5	machine	machine	NN
3007	91	6	generated	generate	VBN
3007	91	7	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	91	8	,	,	,
3007	91	9	such	such	JJ
3007	91	10	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	91	11	becomes	become	VBZ
3007	91	12	more	more	RBR
3007	91	13	important	important	JJ
3007	91	14	than	than	IN
3007	91	15	ever	ever	RB
3007	91	16	if	if	IN
3007	91	17	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	91	18	are	be	VBP
3007	91	19	to	to	TO
3007	91	20	make	make	VB
3007	91	21	productive	productive	JJ
3007	91	22	use	use	NN
3007	91	23	of	of	IN
3007	91	24	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	91	25	richness	richness	NN
3007	91	26	and	and	CC
3007	91	27	still	still	RB
3007	91	28	see	see	VB
3007	91	29	the	the	DT
3007	91	30	wood	wood	NN
3007	91	31	for	for	IN
3007	91	32	the	the	DT
3007	91	33	trees	tree	NNS
3007	91	34	.	.	.
3007	92	1	References	reference	NNS
3007	92	2	1	1	CD
3007	92	3	.	.	.
3007	93	1	“	"	``
3007	93	2	Dublin	Dublin	NNP
3007	93	3	Core	Core	NNP
3007	93	4	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	93	5	Element	Element	NNP
3007	93	6	Set	Set	NNP
3007	93	7	,	,	,
3007	93	8	Version	version	NN
3007	93	9	1.1	1.1	CD
3007	93	10	,	,	,
3007	93	11	”	"	''
3007	93	12	http://dublincore.org/docu	http://dublincore.org/docu	ADD
3007	93	13	ments	ment	NNS
3007	93	14	/	/	SYM
3007	93	15	dces/	dces/	NN
3007	93	16	(	(	-LRB-
3007	93	17	accessed	access	VBN
3007	93	18	Nov.	November	NNP
3007	93	19	20	20	CD
3007	93	20	,	,	,
3007	93	21	2010	2010	CD
3007	93	22	)	)	-RRB-
3007	93	23	.	.	.
3007	94	1	2	2	LS
3007	94	2	.	.	.
3007	95	1	Library	library	NN
3007	95	2	of	of	IN
3007	95	3	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	95	4	,	,	,
3007	95	5	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	95	6	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	95	7	Manual	Manual	NNP
3007	95	8	(	(	-LRB-
3007	95	9	Washington	Washington	NNP
3007	95	10	,	,	,
3007	95	11	D.C.	D.C.	NNP
3007	95	12	:	:	:
3007	95	13	Library	Library	NNP
3007	95	14	of	of	IN
3007	95	15	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	95	16	,	,	,
3007	95	17	2008	2008	CD
3007	95	18	)	)	-RRB-
3007	95	19	.	.	.
3007	96	1	3	3	LS
3007	96	2	.	.	.
3007	97	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3007	97	2	.	.	.
3007	98	1	4	4	LS
3007	98	2	.	.	.
3007	99	1	Elaine	Elaine	NNP
3007	99	2	Svenonius	Svenonius	NNP
3007	99	3	,	,	,
3007	99	4	“	"	``
3007	99	5	Access	access	NN
3007	99	6	to	to	IN
3007	99	7	Nonbook	Nonbook	NNP
3007	99	8	Materials	material	NNS
3007	99	9	:	:	:
3007	99	10	The	the	DT
3007	99	11	Limits	limit	NNS
3007	99	12	of	of	IN
3007	99	13	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	99	14	Indexing	Indexing	NNP
3007	99	15	for	for	IN
3007	99	16	Visual	Visual	NNP
3007	99	17	and	and	CC
3007	99	18	Aural	Aural	NNP
3007	99	19	Languages	Languages	NNPS
3007	99	20	,	,	,
3007	99	21	”	"	''
3007	99	22	Journal	Journal	NNP
3007	99	23	of	of	IN
3007	99	24	the	the	DT
3007	99	25	American	American	NNP
3007	99	26	Society	Society	NNP
3007	99	27	for	for	IN
3007	99	28	Information	Information	NNP
3007	99	29	Science	Science	NNP
3007	99	30	,	,	,
3007	99	31	45	45	CD
3007	99	32	,	,	,
3007	99	33	no	no	UH
3007	99	34	.	.	.
3007	100	1	8	8	CD
3007	100	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	100	3	1994	1994	CD
3007	100	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	100	5	:	:	:
3007	100	6	600–606	600–606	LS
3007	100	7	.	.	.
3007	101	1	5	5	CD
3007	101	2	.	.	.
3007	102	1	“	"	``
3007	102	2	VRA	VRA	NNP
3007	102	3	Core	Core	NNP
3007	102	4	4.0	4.0	CD
3007	102	5	Element	Element	NNP
3007	102	6	Description	Description	NNP
3007	102	7	,	,	,
3007	102	8	”	"	''
3007	102	9	http://www.loc.gov/standards/vracore/	http://www.loc.gov/standards/vracore/	NNP
3007	102	10	VRA_Core4_Element_Description.pdf	VRA_Core4_Element_Description.pdf	NNP
3007	102	11	(	(	-LRB-
3007	102	12	accessed	access	VBN
3007	102	13	Mar.	March	NNP
3007	103	1	31	31	CD
3007	103	2	,	,	,
3007	103	3	2011	2011	CD
3007	103	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	103	5	.	.	.
3007	104	1	6	6	CD
3007	104	2	.	.	.
3007	105	1	Richard	Richard	NNP
3007	105	2	J.	J.	NNP
3007	106	1	Urban	Urban	NNP
3007	106	2	,	,	,
3007	106	3	Michael	Michael	NNP
3007	106	4	B.	B.	NNP
3007	106	5	Twidale	Twidale	NNP
3007	106	6	,	,	,
3007	106	7	and	and	CC
3007	106	8	Piotr	Piotr	NNP
3007	106	9	Adamczyk	Adamczyk	NNP
3007	106	10	,	,	,
3007	106	11	“	"	``
3007	106	12	Designing	design	VBG
3007	106	13	and	and	CC
3007	106	14	Developing	develop	VBG
3007	106	15	a	a	DT
3007	106	16	Collections	collection	NNS
3007	106	17	Dashboard	dashboard	NN
3007	106	18	,	,	,
3007	106	19	”	"	''
3007	106	20	In	in	IN
3007	106	21	J.	J.	NNP
3007	106	22	Trant	Trant	NNP
3007	106	23	and	and	CC
3007	106	24	D.	D.	NNP
3007	106	25	Bearman	Bearman	NNP
3007	106	26	(	(	-LRB-
3007	106	27	eds	eds	NNP
3007	106	28	)	)	-RRB-
3007	106	29	.	.	.
3007	107	1	Museums	museum	NNS
3007	107	2	and	and	CC
3007	107	3	the	the	DT
3007	107	4	Web	web	NN
3007	107	5	2010	2010	CD
3007	107	6	:	:	:
3007	107	7	Proceedings	Proceedings	NNP
3007	107	8	,	,	,
3007	107	9	ed	ed	NN
3007	107	10	.	.	.
3007	108	1	J.	J.	NNP
3007	108	2	Trant	Trant	NNP
3007	108	3	and	and	CC
3007	108	4	D.	D.	NNP
3007	108	5	Bearman	Bearman	NNP
3007	108	6	(	(	-LRB-
3007	108	7	Toronto	Toronto	NNP
3007	108	8	:	:	:
3007	108	9	Archives	Archives	NNP
3007	108	10	&	&	CC
3007	108	11	Museum	Museum	NNP
3007	108	12	Informatics	Informatics	NNP
3007	108	13	,	,	,
3007	108	14	2010	2010	CD
3007	108	15	)	)	-RRB-
3007	108	16	.	.	.
3007	109	1	http://www	http://www	ADD
3007	109	2	.archimuse.com	.archimuse.com	NNP
3007	109	3	/	/	SYM
3007	109	4	mw2010	mw2010	NNP
3007	109	5	/	/	SYM
3007	109	6	papers	paper	NNS
3007	109	7	/	/	SYM
3007	109	8	urban/	urban/	NNP
3007	109	9	urban.html	urban.html	NNS
3007	109	10	(	(	-LRB-
3007	109	11	accessed	access	VBN
3007	109	12	Apr.	April	NNP
3007	110	1	5	5	CD
3007	110	2	,	,	,
3007	110	3	2011	2011	CD
3007	110	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	110	5	.	.	.
3007	111	1	7	7	LS
3007	111	2	.	.	.
3007	112	1	“	"	``
3007	112	2	VuFind	VuFind	NNP
3007	112	3	at	at	IN
3007	112	4	the	the	DT
3007	112	5	University	University	NNP
3007	112	6	of	of	IN
3007	112	7	Illinois	Illinois	NNP
3007	112	8	,	,	,
3007	112	9	”	"	''
3007	112	10	http://vufind.carli.illinois.edu	http://vufind.carli.illinois.edu	NNP
3007	112	11	(	(	-LRB-
3007	112	12	accessed	access	VBN
3007	112	13	Nov.	November	NNP
3007	112	14	20	20	CD
3007	112	15	,	,	,
3007	112	16	2010	2010	CD
3007	112	17	)	)	-RRB-
3007	112	18	.	.	.
3007	113	1	8	8	LS
3007	113	2	.	.	.
3007	114	1	Library	library	NN
3007	114	2	of	of	IN
3007	114	3	Congress	Congress	NNP
3007	114	4	,	,	,
3007	114	5	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	114	6	Headings	Headings	NNPS
3007	114	7	Manual	Manual	NNP
3007	114	8	.	.	.
3007	115	1	9	9	CD
3007	115	2	.	.	.
3007	116	1	David	David	NNP
3007	116	2	Hawking	Hawking	NNP
3007	116	3	and	and	CC
3007	116	4	Justin	Justin	NNP
3007	116	5	Zobel	Zobel	NNP
3007	116	6	,	,	,
3007	116	7	“	"	``
3007	116	8	Does	do	VBZ
3007	116	9	Topic	Topic	NNP
3007	116	10	Metadata	Metadata	NNP
3007	116	11	Help	help	VB
3007	116	12	with	with	IN
3007	116	13	Web	web	NN
3007	116	14	Search	Search	NNP
3007	116	15	?	?	.
3007	116	16	”	"	''
3007	116	17	Journal	Journal	NNP
3007	116	18	of	of	IN
3007	116	19	the	the	DT
3007	116	20	American	American	NNP
3007	116	21	Society	Society	NNP
3007	116	22	for	for	IN
3007	116	23	Information	Information	NNP
3007	116	24	Science	Science	NNP
3007	116	25	&	&	CC
3007	116	26	Technology	Technology	NNP
3007	116	27	58	58	CD
3007	116	28	,	,	,
3007	116	29	no	no	UH
3007	116	30	.	.	.
3007	117	1	5	5	CD
3007	117	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	117	3	2007	2007	CD
3007	117	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	117	5	:	:	:
3007	117	6	613–28	613–28	CD
3007	117	7	.	.	.
3007	118	1	10	10	CD
3007	118	2	.	.	.
3007	119	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3007	119	2	.	.	.
3007	120	1	11	11	CD
3007	120	2	.	.	.
3007	121	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3007	121	2	.	.	.
3007	122	1	12	12	CD
3007	122	2	.	.	.
3007	123	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3007	123	2	,	,	,
3007	123	3	625	625	CD
3007	123	4	.	.	.
3007	124	1	13	13	CD
3007	124	2	.	.	.
3007	125	1	Marianne	Marianne	NNP
3007	125	2	Lykke	Lykke	NNP
3007	125	3	and	and	CC
3007	125	4	Anna	Anna	NNP
3007	125	5	G.	G.	NNP
3007	125	6	Eslau	Eslau	NNP
3007	125	7	,	,	,
3007	125	8	“	"	``
3007	125	9	Using	use	VBG
3007	125	10	Thesauri	Thesauri	NNP
3007	125	11	in	in	IN
3007	125	12	Enterprise	Enterprise	NNP
3007	125	13	Settings	setting	NNS
3007	125	14	:	:	:
3007	125	15	Indexing	indexing	NN
3007	125	16	or	or	CC
3007	125	17	Query	query	NN
3007	125	18	Expansion	expansion	NN
3007	125	19	?	?	.
3007	125	20	”	"	''
3007	125	21	in	in	IN
3007	125	22	The	the	DT
3007	125	23	Janus	Janus	NNP
3007	125	24	faced	face	VBD
3007	125	25	Scholar	Scholar	NNP
3007	125	26	.	.	.
3007	126	1	A	a	DT
3007	126	2	Festschrift	Festschrift	NNP
3007	126	3	in	in	IN
3007	126	4	Honour	Honour	NNP
3007	126	5	of	of	IN
3007	126	6	Peter	Peter	NNP
3007	126	7	Ingwersen	Ingwersen	NNP
3007	126	8	,	,	,
3007	126	9	ed	ed	NNP
3007	126	10	.	.	.
3007	127	1	Birger	Birger	NNP
3007	127	2	Larsen	Larsen	NNP
3007	127	3	et	et	NNP
3007	127	4	al	al	NNP
3007	127	5	.	.	.
3007	128	1	(	(	-LRB-
3007	128	2	Copenhagen	Copenhagen	NNP
3007	128	3	:	:	:
3007	128	4	Royal	Royal	NNP
3007	128	5	School	School	NNP
3007	128	6	of	of	IN
3007	128	7	Library	Library	NNP
3007	128	8	&	&	CC
3007	128	9	Information	Information	NNP
3007	128	10	Science	Science	NNP
3007	128	11	,	,	,
3007	128	12	2010	2010	CD
3007	128	13	)	)	-RRB-
3007	128	14	:	:	:
3007	128	15	87–97	87–97	CD
3007	128	16	.	.	.
3007	129	1	14	14	CD
3007	129	2	.	.	.
3007	130	1	Subject	subject	JJ
3007	130	2	Access	Access	NNP
3007	130	3	Project	project	NN
3007	130	4	,	,	,
3007	130	5	Books	book	NNS
3007	130	6	Are	be	VBP
3007	130	7	for	for	IN
3007	130	8	Use	Use	NNP
3007	130	9	:	:	:
3007	130	10	Final	Final	NNP
3007	130	11	Report	Report	NNP
3007	130	12	of	of	IN
3007	130	13	the	the	DT
3007	130	14	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	130	15	Access	Access	NNP
3007	130	16	Project	Project	NNP
3007	130	17	to	to	IN
3007	130	18	the	the	DT
3007	130	19	Council	Council	NNP
3007	130	20	on	on	IN
3007	130	21	Library	Library	NNP
3007	130	22	Resources	Resources	NNP
3007	130	23	(	(	-LRB-
3007	130	24	Syracuse	Syracuse	NNP
3007	130	25	,	,	,
3007	130	26	N.Y.	New York	NNP
3007	130	27	:	:	:
3007	130	28	Syracuse	Syracuse	NNP
3007	130	29	Univ	Univ	NNP
3007	130	30	.	.	NNP
3007	130	31	,	,	,
3007	130	32	1978	1978	CD
3007	130	33	)	)	-RRB-
3007	130	34	.	.	.
3007	131	1	15	15	CD
3007	131	2	.	.	.
3007	132	1	“	"	``
3007	132	2	PubMed	PubMed	NNP
3007	132	3	,	,	,
3007	132	4	”	"	''
3007	132	5	http://www.nlm.nih	http://www.nlm.nih	NN
3007	132	6	more	more	JJR
3007	132	7	than	than	IN
3007	132	8	three	three	CD
3007	132	9	categories	category	NNS
3007	132	10	or	or	CC
3007	132	11	using	use	VBG
3007	132	12	continuous	continuous	JJ
3007	132	13	scales	scale	NNS
3007	132	14	instead	instead	RB
3007	132	15	of	of	IN
3007	132	16	category	category	NN
3007	132	17	rating.24	rating.24	NNP
3007	132	18	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	132	19	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	132	20	involves	involve	VBZ
3007	132	21	a	a	DT
3007	132	22	similar	similar	JJ
3007	132	23	judgment	judgment	NN
3007	132	24	of	of	IN
3007	132	25	relevance	relevance	NN
3007	132	26	when	when	WRB
3007	132	27	deciding	decide	VBG
3007	132	28	whether	whether	IN
3007	132	29	to	to	TO
3007	132	30	include	include	VB
3007	132	31	a	a	DT
3007	132	32	subject	subject	JJ
3007	132	33	term	term	NN
3007	132	34	.	.	.
3007	133	1	More	more	RBR
3007	133	2	sophisticated	sophisticated	JJ
3007	133	3	scales	scale	NNS
3007	133	4	cer-	cer-	RB
3007	133	5	tainly	tainly	RB
3007	133	6	enable	enable	VBP
3007	133	7	more	more	RBR
3007	133	8	useful	useful	JJ
3007	133	9	ranking	ranking	NN
3007	133	10	of	of	IN
3007	133	11	results	result	NNS
3007	133	12	,	,	,
3007	133	13	but	but	CC
3007	133	14	the	the	DT
3007	133	15	cost	cost	NN
3007	133	16	of	of	IN
3007	133	17	obtaining	obtain	VBG
3007	133	18	such	such	JJ
3007	133	19	information	information	NN
3007	133	20	may	may	MD
3007	133	21	rise	rise	VB
3007	133	22	.	.	.
3007	134	1	After	after	IN
3007	134	2	the	the	DT
3007	134	3	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	134	4	of	of	IN
3007	134	5	incorpo-	incorpo-	NN
3007	134	6	rating	rating	NN
3007	134	7	weights	weight	NNS
3007	134	8	into	into	IN
3007	134	9	subject	subject	JJ
3007	134	10	indexing/	indexing/	NN
3007	134	11	cataloging	cataloging	NN
3007	134	12	is	be	VBZ
3007	134	13	developed	develop	VBN
3007	134	14	,	,	,
3007	134	15	guidelines	guideline	NNS
3007	134	16	should	should	MD
3007	134	17	be	be	VB
3007	134	18	provided	provide	VBN
3007	134	19	for	for	IN
3007	134	20	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	134	21	practice	practice	NN
3007	134	22	to	to	TO
3007	134	23	produce	produce	VB
3007	134	24	consistent	consistent	JJ
3007	134	25	and	and	CC
3007	134	26	good	good	JJ
3007	134	27	quality	quality	NN
3007	134	28	.	.	.
3007	135	1	Weights	weight	NNS
3007	135	2	in	in	IN
3007	135	3	Both	both	DT
3007	135	4	Indexing	Indexing	NNP
3007	135	5	and	and	CC
3007	135	6	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3007	135	7	System	System	NNP
3007	135	8	Adding	add	VBG
3007	135	9	weights	weight	NNS
3007	135	10	to	to	TO
3007	135	11	subject	subject	VB
3007	135	12	indexing/	indexing/	NN
3007	135	13	cataloging	cataloging	NN
3007	135	14	needs	need	NNS
3007	135	15	to	to	TO
3007	135	16	be	be	VB
3007	135	17	considered	consider	VBN
3007	135	18	and	and	CC
3007	135	19	applied	apply	VBN
3007	135	20	in	in	IN
3007	135	21	three	three	CD
3007	135	22	parts	part	NNS
3007	135	23	:	:	:
3007	135	24	(	(	-LRB-
3007	135	25	1	1	LS
3007	135	26	)	)	-RRB-
3007	135	27	extend-	extend-	JJ
3007	135	28	ing	ing	NN
3007	135	29	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	135	30	schemas	schema	VBZ
3007	135	31	by	by	IN
3007	135	32	encoding	encode	VBG
3007	135	33	weights	weight	NNS
3007	135	34	in	in	IN
3007	135	35	subject	subject	JJ
3007	135	36	elements	element	NNS
3007	135	37	;	;	:
3007	135	38	(	(	-LRB-
3007	135	39	2	2	LS
3007	135	40	)	)	-RRB-
3007	135	41	sub-	sub-	DT
3007	135	42	ject	ject	NN
3007	135	43	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	135	44	/	/	SYM
3007	135	45	cataloging	catalog	VBG
3007	135	46	with	with	IN
3007	135	47	weight	weight	NN
3007	135	48	information	information	NN
3007	135	49	;	;	,
3007	135	50	and	and	CC
3007	135	51	(	(	-LRB-
3007	135	52	3	3	LS
3007	135	53	)	)	-RRB-
3007	135	54	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	135	55	systems	system	NNS
3007	135	56	that	that	WDT
3007	135	57	exploit	exploit	VBP
3007	135	58	the	the	DT
3007	135	59	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	135	60	informa-	informa-	FW
3007	135	61	tion	tion	NN
3007	135	62	in	in	IN
3007	135	63	subject	subject	JJ
3007	135	64	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	135	65	elements	element	NNS
3007	135	66	.	.	.
3007	136	1	The	the	DT
3007	136	2	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	136	3	will	will	MD
3007	136	4	not	not	RB
3007	136	5	work	work	VB
3007	136	6	effec-	effec-	NN
3007	136	7	tively	tively	RB
3007	136	8	in	in	IN
3007	136	9	the	the	DT
3007	136	10	absence	absence	NN
3007	136	11	of	of	IN
3007	136	12	any	any	DT
3007	136	13	one	one	CD
3007	136	14	of	of	IN
3007	136	15	them	-PRON-	PRP
3007	136	16	.	.	.
3007	137	1	Conclusion	conclusion	NN
3007	137	2	This	this	DT
3007	137	3	paper	paper	NN
3007	137	4	advocates	advocate	VBZ
3007	137	5	for	for	IN
3007	137	6	adding	add	VBG
3007	137	7	a	a	DT
3007	137	8	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	137	9	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	137	10	to	to	IN
3007	137	11	subject	subject	JJ
3007	137	12	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	137	13	and	and	CC
3007	137	14	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	137	15	,	,	,
3007	137	16	to	to	TO
3007	137	17	enable	enable	VB
3007	137	18	search	search	NN
3007	137	19	algorithms	algorithm	NNS
3007	137	20	to	to	TO
3007	137	21	be	be	VB
3007	137	22	more	more	RBR
3007	137	23	discriminating	discriminate	VBG
3007	137	24	and	and	CC
3007	137	25	browsing	browse	VBG
3007	137	26	better	well	RBR
3007	137	27	oriented	orient	VBN
3007	137	28	,	,	,
3007	137	29	and	and	CC
3007	137	30	thus	thus	RB
3007	137	31	to	to	TO
3007	137	32	make	make	VB
3007	137	33	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	137	34	possible	possible	JJ
3007	137	35	to	to	TO
3007	137	36	provide	provide	VB
3007	137	37	more	more	RBR
3007	137	38	granular	granular	JJ
3007	137	39	access	access	NN
3007	137	40	to	to	IN
3007	137	41	information	information	NN
3007	137	42	.	.	.
3007	138	1	Such	such	PDT
3007	138	2	a	a	DT
3007	138	3	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	138	4	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	138	5	needs	need	VBZ
3007	138	6	to	to	TO
3007	138	7	be	be	VB
3007	138	8	considered	consider	VBN
3007	138	9	and	and	CC
3007	138	10	applied	apply	VBN
3007	138	11	not	not	RB
3007	138	12	only	only	RB
3007	138	13	by	by	IN
3007	138	14	indexers	indexer	NNS
3007	138	15	,	,	,
3007	138	16	catalogers	cataloger	NNS
3007	138	17	,	,	,
3007	138	18	and	and	CC
3007	138	19	taggers	tagger	NNS
3007	138	20	,	,	,
3007	138	21	but	but	CC
3007	138	22	also	also	RB
3007	138	23	needs	need	VBZ
3007	138	24	to	to	TO
3007	138	25	be	be	VB
3007	138	26	incorporated	incorporate	VBN
3007	138	27	into	into	IN
3007	138	28	system	system	NN
3007	138	29	functionality	functionality	NN
3007	138	30	.	.	.
3007	139	1	As	as	IN
3007	139	2	social	social	JJ
3007	139	3	tagging	tagging	NN
3007	139	4	is	be	VBZ
3007	139	5	brought	bring	VBN
3007	139	6	into	into	IN
3007	139	7	today	today	NN
3007	139	8	’s	’s	POS
3007	139	9	digital	digital	JJ
3007	139	10	library	library	NN
3007	139	11	collections	collection	NNS
3007	139	12	and	and	CC
3007	139	13	online	online	JJ
3007	139	14	library	library	NN
3007	139	15	catalogs	catalog	NNS
3007	139	16	,	,	,
3007	139	17	as	as	IN
3007	139	18	col-	col-	JJ
3007	139	19	lections	lection	NNS
3007	139	20	grow	grow	VBP
3007	139	21	and	and	CC
3007	139	22	are	be	VBP
3007	139	23	aggregated	aggregate	VBN
3007	139	24	,	,	,
3007	139	25	and	and	CC
3007	139	26	the	the	DT
3007	139	27	opportunity	opportunity	NN
3007	139	28	arises	arise	VBZ
3007	139	29	for	for	IN
3007	139	30	add-	add-	DT
3007	139	31	ing	e	VBG
3007	139	32	more	more	JJR
3007	139	33	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	139	34	from	from	IN
3007	139	35	a	a	DT
3007	139	36	variety	variety	NN
3007	139	37	of	of	IN
3007	139	38	different	different	JJ
3007	139	39	sources	source	NNS
3007	139	40	,	,	,
3007	139	41	including	include	VBG
3007	139	42	end	end	NN
3007	139	43	should	should	MD
3007	139	44	provide	provide	VB
3007	139	45	sufficient	sufficient	JJ
3007	139	46	granular-	granular-	NN
3007	139	47	ity	ity	NN
3007	139	48	to	to	TO
3007	139	49	allow	allow	VB
3007	139	50	more	more	JJR
3007	139	51	granular	granular	JJ
3007	139	52	access	access	NN
3007	139	53	to	to	IN
3007	139	54	information	information	NN
3007	139	55	,	,	,
3007	139	56	as	as	IN
3007	139	57	demonstrated	demonstrate	VBN
3007	139	58	in	in	IN
3007	139	59	the	the	DT
3007	139	60	examples	example	NNS
3007	139	61	in	in	IN
3007	139	62	the	the	DT
3007	139	63	previous	previous	JJ
3007	139	64	section	section	NN
3007	139	65	.	.	.
3007	140	1	Potential	potential	JJ
3007	140	2	Challenges	Challenges	NNPS
3007	140	3	While	while	IN
3007	140	4	arguing	argue	VBG
3007	140	5	for	for	IN
3007	140	6	the	the	DT
3007	140	7	potential	potential	JJ
3007	140	8	value	value	NN
3007	140	9	of	of	IN
3007	140	10	weights	weight	NNS
3007	140	11	associated	associate	VBN
3007	140	12	with	with	IN
3007	140	13	subject	subject	JJ
3007	140	14	terms	term	NNS
3007	140	15	,	,	,
3007	140	16	it	-PRON-	PRP
3007	140	17	is	be	VBZ
3007	140	18	also	also	RB
3007	140	19	important	important	JJ
3007	140	20	to	to	IN
3007	140	21	acknowl-	acknowl-	JJ
3007	140	22	edge	edge	NN
3007	140	23	potential	potential	JJ
3007	140	24	challenges	challenge	NNS
3007	140	25	posed	pose	VBN
3007	140	26	by	by	IN
3007	140	27	this	this	DT
3007	140	28	approach	approach	NN
3007	140	29	.	.	.
3007	141	1	Human	Human	NNP
3007	141	2	Judgment	Judgment	NNP
3007	141	3	Treating	Treating	NNP
3007	141	4	assigned	assigned	JJ
3007	141	5	terms	term	NNS
3007	141	6	equally	equally	RB
3007	141	7	might	may	MD
3007	141	8	seem	seem	VB
3007	141	9	to	to	TO
3007	141	10	avoid	avoid	VB
3007	141	11	the	the	DT
3007	141	12	additional	additional	JJ
3007	141	13	human	human	JJ
3007	141	14	judgment	judgment	NN
3007	141	15	and	and	CC
3007	141	16	the	the	DT
3007	141	17	subjec-	subjec-	NN
3007	141	18	tivity	tivity	NN
3007	141	19	of	of	IN
3007	141	20	the	the	DT
3007	141	21	weight	weight	NN
3007	141	22	levels	level	NNS
3007	141	23	because	because	IN
3007	141	24	different	different	JJ
3007	141	25	catalogers	cataloger	NNS
3007	141	26	may	may	MD
3007	141	27	give	give	VB
3007	141	28	differ-	differ-	PRP
3007	141	29	ent	ent	NN
3007	141	30	weight	weight	NN
3007	141	31	to	to	IN
3007	141	32	a	a	DT
3007	141	33	subject	subject	JJ
3007	141	34	heading	heading	NN
3007	141	35	.	.	.
3007	142	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3007	142	2	argue	argue	VBP
3007	142	3	that	that	IN
3007	142	4	assigning	assign	VBG
3007	142	5	subject	subject	JJ
3007	142	6	headings	heading	NNS
3007	142	7	is	be	VBZ
3007	142	8	itself	-PRON-	PRP
3007	142	9	unavoidably	unavoidably	RB
3007	142	10	subjective	subjective	JJ
3007	142	11	.	.	.
3007	143	1	We	-PRON-	PRP
3007	143	2	are	be	VBP
3007	143	3	already	already	RB
3007	143	4	using	use	VBG
3007	143	5	professional	professional	JJ
3007	143	6	index-	index-	NNP
3007	143	7	ers	ers	NNP
3007	143	8	and	and	CC
3007	143	9	subject	subject	JJ
3007	143	10	catalogers	cataloger	NNS
3007	143	11	to	to	TO
3007	143	12	create	create	VB
3007	143	13	value	value	NN
3007	143	14	-	-	HYPH
3007	143	15	added	add	VBN
3007	143	16	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	143	17	in	in	IN
3007	143	18	the	the	DT
3007	143	19	form	form	NN
3007	143	20	of	of	IN
3007	143	21	subject	subject	JJ
3007	143	22	terms	term	NNS
3007	143	23	.	.	.
3007	144	1	Assigning	assigning	NN
3007	144	2	weights	weight	NNS
3007	144	3	would	would	MD
3007	144	4	be	be	VB
3007	144	5	a	a	DT
3007	144	6	further	further	JJ
3007	144	7	enhancement	enhancement	NN
3007	144	8	.	.	.
3007	145	1	On	on	IN
3007	145	2	the	the	DT
3007	145	3	other	other	JJ
3007	145	4	hand	hand	NN
3007	145	5	,	,	,
3007	145	6	adding	add	VBG
3007	145	7	a	a	DT
3007	145	8	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	145	9	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	145	10	into	into	IN
3007	145	11	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	145	12	schemas	schemas	NNP
3007	145	13	is	be	VBZ
3007	145	14	independent	independent	JJ
3007	145	15	of	of	IN
3007	145	16	the	the	DT
3007	145	17	issue	issue	NN
3007	145	18	of	of	IN
3007	145	19	human	human	JJ
3007	145	20	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	145	21	.	.	.
3007	146	1	No	no	RB
3007	146	2	matter	matter	RB
3007	146	3	who	who	WP
3007	146	4	will	will	MD
3007	146	5	do	do	VB
3007	146	6	the	the	DT
3007	146	7	subject	subject	JJ
3007	146	8	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	146	9	or	or	CC
3007	146	10	tag-	tag-	NN
3007	146	11	ging	ging	NN
3007	146	12	,	,	,
3007	146	13	either	either	CC
3007	146	14	professional	professional	JJ
3007	146	15	librarians	librarian	NNS
3007	146	16	or	or	CC
3007	146	17	users	user	NNS
3007	146	18	or	or	CC
3007	146	19	possibly	possibly	RB
3007	146	20	computers	computer	NNS
3007	146	21	,	,	,
3007	146	22	there	there	EX
3007	146	23	is	be	VBZ
3007	146	24	a	a	DT
3007	146	25	need	need	NN
3007	146	26	for	for	IN
3007	146	27	weight	weight	NN
3007	146	28	information	information	NN
3007	146	29	in	in	IN
3007	146	30	the	the	DT
3007	146	31	metadata	metadata	NN
3007	146	32	records	record	NNS
3007	146	33	.	.	.
3007	147	1	The	the	DT
3007	147	2	Weighting	Weighting	NNP
3007	147	3	Scale	Scale	NNP
3007	147	4	In	in	IN
3007	147	5	terms	term	NNS
3007	147	6	of	of	IN
3007	147	7	the	the	DT
3007	147	8	specific	specific	JJ
3007	147	9	mechanism	mechanism	NN
3007	147	10	of	of	IN
3007	147	11	representing	represent	VBG
3007	147	12	the	the	DT
3007	147	13	weight	weight	NN
3007	147	14	rat-	rat-	NNP
3007	147	15	ing	ing	NNP
3007	147	16	,	,	,
3007	147	17	we	-PRON-	PRP
3007	147	18	can	can	MD
3007	147	19	benefit	benefit	VB
3007	147	20	from	from	IN
3007	147	21	research	research	NN
3007	147	22	on	on	IN
3007	147	23	weighting	weighting	NN
3007	147	24	of	of	IN
3007	147	25	index	index	NN
3007	147	26	terms	term	NNS
3007	147	27	and	and	CC
3007	147	28	on	on	IN
3007	147	29	the	the	DT
3007	147	30	relevance	relevance	NN
3007	147	31	of	of	IN
3007	147	32	search	search	NN
3007	147	33	results	result	NNS
3007	147	34	.	.	.
3007	148	1	For	for	IN
3007	148	2	example	example	NN
3007	148	3	,	,	,
3007	148	4	the	the	DT
3007	148	5	three	three	CD
3007	148	6	categories	category	NNS
3007	148	7	of	of	IN
3007	148	8	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	148	9	,	,	,
3007	148	10	partially	partially	RB
3007	148	11	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	148	12	,	,	,
3007	148	13	and	and	CC
3007	148	14	non-	non-	NNP
3007	148	15	relevant	relevant	JJ
3007	148	16	in	in	IN
3007	148	17	information	information	NN
3007	148	18	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	148	19	are	be	VBP
3007	148	20	similar	similar	JJ
3007	148	21	to	to	IN
3007	148	22	the	the	DT
3007	148	23	major	major	JJ
3007	148	24	,	,	,
3007	148	25	minor	minor	JJ
3007	148	26	,	,	,
3007	148	27	and	and	CC
3007	148	28	non-	non-	RB
3007	148	29	present	present	JJ
3007	148	30	subject	subject	JJ
3007	148	31	indexing	indexing	NN
3007	148	32	method	method	NN
3007	148	33	in	in	IN
3007	148	34	the	the	DT
3007	148	35	examples	example	NNS
3007	148	36	above	above	RB
3007	148	37	.	.	.
3007	149	1	Borlund	Borlund	NNP
3007	149	2	notes	note	VBZ
3007	149	3	several	several	JJ
3007	149	4	retrieval	retrieval	NN
3007	149	5	studies	study	NNS
3007	149	6	proposing	propose	VBG
3007	149	7	80	80	CD
3007	149	8	inFormAtion	information	NN
3007	149	9	tecHnoloGY	technology	NN
3007	149	10	AnD	and	CC
3007	149	11	liBrAries	librarie	VBZ
3007	149	12	|	|	NNP
3007	149	13	June	June	NNP
3007	149	14	2011	2011	CD
3007	149	15	22	22	CD
3007	149	16	.	.	.
3007	150	1	Svenonius	Svenonius	NNP
3007	150	2	,	,	,
3007	150	3	“	"	``
3007	150	4	Access	access	NN
3007	150	5	to	to	IN
3007	150	6	Nonbook	Nonbook	NNP
3007	150	7	Materials	material	NNS
3007	150	8	,	,	,
3007	150	9	”	"	''
3007	150	10	601	601	CD
3007	150	11	.	.	.
3007	151	1	23	23	CD
3007	151	2	.	.	.
3007	152	1	Francis	Francis	NNP
3007	152	2	Miksa	Miksa	NNP
3007	152	3	,	,	,
3007	152	4	“	"	``
3007	152	5	Information	Information	NNP
3007	152	6	Organization	Organization	NNP
3007	152	7	and	and	CC
3007	152	8	the	the	DT
3007	152	9	Mysterious	Mysterious	NNP
3007	152	10	Information	Information	NNP
3007	152	11	User	User	NNP
3007	152	12	,	,	,
3007	152	13	”	"	''
3007	152	14	Libraries	library	NNS
3007	152	15	&	&	CC
3007	152	16	the	the	DT
3007	152	17	Cultural	Cultural	NNP
3007	152	18	Record	Record	NNP
3007	152	19	44	44	CD
3007	152	20	,	,	,
3007	152	21	no	no	UH
3007	152	22	.	.	.
3007	153	1	3	3	CD
3007	153	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	153	3	2009	2009	CD
3007	153	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	153	5	:	:	:
3007	153	6	343–70	343–70	CD
3007	153	7	.	.	.
3007	154	1	24	24	CD
3007	154	2	.	.	.
3007	155	1	Pia	Pia	NNP
3007	155	2	Borlund	Borlund	NNP
3007	155	3	,	,	,
3007	155	4	“	"	``
3007	155	5	The	the	DT
3007	155	6	Concept	Concept	NNP
3007	155	7	of	of	IN
3007	155	8	Relevance	Relevance	NNP
3007	155	9	in	in	IN
3007	155	10	IR	IR	NNP
3007	155	11	,	,	,
3007	155	12	”	"	''
3007	155	13	Journal	Journal	NNP
3007	155	14	of	of	IN
3007	155	15	the	the	DT
3007	155	16	American	American	NNP
3007	155	17	Society	Society	NNP
3007	155	18	for	for	IN
3007	155	19	Information	Information	NNP
3007	155	20	Science	Science	NNP
3007	155	21	&	&	CC
3007	155	22	Technology	Technology	NNP
3007	155	23	54	54	CD
3007	155	24	,	,	,
3007	155	25	no	no	UH
3007	155	26	.	.	.
3007	156	1	10	10	CD
3007	156	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	156	3	2003	2003	CD
3007	156	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	156	5	:	:	:
3007	156	6	913–25	913–25	CD
3007	156	7	.	.	.
3007	157	1	18	18	CD
3007	157	2	.	.	.
3007	158	1	Ibid	ibid	RB
3007	158	2	.	.	.
3007	159	1	19	19	CD
3007	159	2	.	.	.
3007	160	1	Raya	Raya	NNP
3007	160	2	Fidel	Fidel	NNP
3007	160	3	,	,	,
3007	160	4	“	"	``
3007	160	5	User	User	NNP
3007	160	6	-	-	HYPH
3007	160	7	Centered	center	VBN
3007	160	8	Index-	Index-	NNP
3007	160	9	ing	ing	NN
3007	160	10	,	,	,
3007	160	11	”	"	''
3007	160	12	Journal	Journal	NNP
3007	160	13	of	of	IN
3007	160	14	the	the	DT
3007	160	15	American	American	NNP
3007	160	16	Society	Society	NNP
3007	160	17	for	for	IN
3007	160	18	Information	Information	NNP
3007	160	19	Science	Science	NNP
3007	160	20	45	45	CD
3007	160	21	,	,	,
3007	160	22	no	no	UH
3007	160	23	.	.	.
3007	161	1	8	8	CD
3007	161	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	161	3	1994	1994	CD
3007	161	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	161	5	:	:	:
3007	161	6	572–75	572–75	CD
3007	161	7	.	.	.
3007	162	1	20	20	CD
3007	162	2	.	.	.
3007	163	1	Anderson	Anderson	NNP
3007	163	2	,	,	,
3007	163	3	Guidelines	Guidelines	NNP
3007	163	4	for	for	IN
3007	163	5	Indexes	Indexes	NNPS
3007	163	6	and	and	CC
3007	163	7	Related	Related	NNP
3007	163	8	Information	Information	NNP
3007	163	9	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3007	163	10	Devices	Devices	NNPS
3007	163	11	,	,	,
3007	163	12	20	20	CD
3007	163	13	.	.	.
3007	164	1	21	21	CD
3007	164	2	.	.	.
3007	165	1	Karen	Karen	NNP
3007	165	2	Markey	Markey	NNP
3007	165	3	,	,	,
3007	165	4	“	"	``
3007	165	5	The	the	DT
3007	165	6	Online	Online	NNP
3007	165	7	Library	Library	NNP
3007	165	8	Catalog	Catalog	NNP
3007	165	9	:	:	:
3007	165	10	Paradise	Paradise	NNP
3007	165	11	Lost	Lost	NNP
3007	165	12	and	and	CC
3007	165	13	Paradise	Paradise	NNP
3007	165	14	Regained	regain	VBN
3007	165	15	?	?	.
3007	165	16	”	"	''
3007	165	17	D	D	NNP
3007	165	18	-	-	HYPH
3007	165	19	Lib	Lib	NNP
3007	165	20	Magazine	Magazine	NNP
3007	165	21	13	13	CD
3007	165	22	,	,	,
3007	165	23	no	no	UH
3007	165	24	.	.	.
3007	166	1	1/2	1/2	CD
3007	166	2	(	(	-LRB-
3007	166	3	2007	2007	CD
3007	166	4	)	)	-RRB-
3007	166	5	.	.	.
3007	167	1	.	.	.
3007	168	1	g	g	NNP
3007	168	2	o	o	NNP
3007	168	3	v	v	NNP
3007	168	4	/	/	SYM
3007	168	5	b	b	NNP
3007	168	6	s	s	NNP
3007	168	7	d	d	NNP
3007	168	8	/	/	SYM
3007	168	9	d	d	NNP
3007	168	10	i	i	NNP
3007	168	11	s	s	NNP
3007	168	12	t	t	NNP
3007	168	13	e	e	NNP
3007	168	14	d	d	NNP
3007	168	15	/	/	SYM
3007	168	16	p	p	NNP
3007	168	17	u	u	NNP
3007	168	18	b	b	NNP
3007	168	19	m	m	NNP
3007	168	20	e	e	NNP
3007	168	21	d	d	NNP
3007	168	22	t	t	NNP
3007	168	23	u	u	NNP
3007	168	24	t	t	NNP
3007	168	25	o	o	NNP
3007	168	26	r	r	NN
3007	168	27	i	i	PRP
3007	168	28	a	a	DT
3007	168	29	l	l	NN
3007	168	30	/	/	SYM
3007	168	31	020_760.html	020_760.html	NNP
3007	168	32	(	(	-LRB-
3007	168	33	accessed	access	VBN
3007	168	34	Nov.	November	NNP
3007	168	35	20	20	CD
3007	168	36	,	,	,
3007	168	37	2010	2010	CD
3007	168	38	)	)	-RRB-
3007	168	39	.	.	.
3007	169	1	16	16	CD
3007	169	2	.	.	.
3007	170	1	A.	A.	NNP
3007	170	2	C.	C.	NNP
3007	170	3	Foskett	Foskett	NNP
3007	170	4	,	,	,
3007	170	5	The	the	DT
3007	170	6	Subject	Subject	NNP
3007	170	7	Approach	Approach	NNP
3007	170	8	to	to	IN
3007	170	9	Information	Information	NNP
3007	170	10	,	,	,
3007	170	11	5th	5th	JJ
3007	170	12	ed	ed	NN
3007	170	13	.	.	.
3007	171	1	(	(	-LRB-
3007	171	2	London	London	NNP
3007	171	3	:	:	:
3007	171	4	Library	Library	NNP
3007	171	5	Association	Association	NNP
3007	171	6	Publishing	Publishing	NNP
3007	171	7	,	,	,
3007	171	8	1996	1996	CD
3007	171	9	)	)	-RRB-
3007	171	10	:	:	:
3007	171	11	24	24	CD
3007	171	12	.	.	.
3007	172	1	17	17	CD
3007	172	2	.	.	.
3007	173	1	James	James	NNP
3007	173	2	D.	D.	NNP
3007	173	3	Anderson	Anderson	NNP
3007	173	4	,	,	,
3007	173	5	Guidelines	Guidelines	NNP
3007	173	6	for	for	IN
3007	173	7	Indexes	Indexes	NNPS
3007	173	8	and	and	CC
3007	173	9	Related	Related	NNP
3007	173	10	Information	Information	NNP
3007	173	11	Retrieval	Retrieval	NNP
3007	173	12	Devices	Devices	NNPS
3007	173	13	.	.	.
3007	174	1	NISO	NISO	NNP
3007	174	2	-	-	HYPH
3007	174	3	TR02–1997	TR02–1997	NNP
3007	174	4	,	,	,
3007	174	5	http://	http://	NNP
3007	174	6	www.niso.org/publications/tr/tr02.pdf	www.niso.org/publications/tr/tr02.pdf	NNP
3007	174	7	(	(	-LRB-
3007	174	8	accessed	access	VBN
3007	174	9	Nov.	November	NNP
3007	174	10	20	20	CD
3007	174	11	,	,	,
3007	174	12	2010	2010	CD
3007	174	13	)	)	-RRB-
3007	174	14	:	:	:
3007	174	15	25	25	CD
3007	174	16	.	.	.