Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 581 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 139831 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 71 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 421 New 365 Mr. 349 United 348 States 318 John 311 England 261 York 242 President 236 Congress 224 General 218 Washington 199 american 193 God 191 South 167 House 161 Union 146 William 146 France 143 man 143 North 141 Mrs. 129 Virginia 126 Constitution 124 Boston 120 Government 119 Lord 113 Dr. 112 british 110 St. 110 London 108 America 104 James 103 french 103 George 101 Senate 99 Massachusetts 94 great 90 Henry 90 Europe 89 Sir 83 War 83 English 81 illustration 80 Governor 79 Great 78 time 78 Secretary 76 Indians 76 Charles 75 Paris Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 204304 man 144497 time 126861 year 106839 day 86529 people 80856 country 77637 power 76767 law 75360 life 74517 state 65785 part 65389 war 59414 government 58823 woman 58143 work 55742 place 55152 right 52241 way 50851 hand 45566 thing 45376 case 44890 party 44220 friend 43598 word 43445 name 43438 letter 43148 house 42196 question 41461 slave 41221 world 39599 child 39141 person 38673 interest 38557 city 38367 order 37571 nation 37273 subject 37230 number 36982 land 36108 fact 35359 duty 34849 member 34122 one 33556 history 33087 nothing 32808 force 32492 army 32141 line 31929 character 31779 mind Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 719565 _ 118475 Mr. 116414 States 83495 United 70084 New 58038 Congress 54019 General 53098 President 51094 State 47211 John 41933 England 39956 Washington 36856 House 36169 York 33344 God 33215 Government 33206 Mrs. 30553 South 28861 . 27672 America 27516 Union 25343 Constitution 25266 Senate 25148 William 24680 France 22598 Virginia 22484 North 20287 M. 19872 W. 19809 Lincoln 19716 | 19548 St. 19291 James 19044 H. 19016 S. 18995 C. 18938 Henry 18865 J. 18405 Indians 18307 George 18252 © 17960 Lord 17467 Dr. 17107 Boston 16957 Secretary 16870 Great 16522 War 16512 Governor 16344 American 16258 Adams Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 692747 it 666945 he 469005 i 292320 they 219410 we 193801 him 176032 them 175357 you 110849 she 101041 me 70115 us 50646 himself 47245 her 29253 themselves 23363 itself 13974 myself 8534 herself 8291 one 6863 ourselves 3714 yourself 3668 thee 2206 yours 1936 mine 1429 ours 1336 his 1310 theirs 1088 ''em 550 thyself 547 hers 509 ye 432 ''s 362 iv 270 yourselves 171 em 126 thy 94 ay 92 oneself 67 je 58 ii 34 pelf 33 ib 32 hisself 25 yt 24 genl 21 whereof 21 o 21 hay 20 ya 20 ne 19 ourself Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 2906731 be 932397 have 229738 do 197359 make 165626 say 120904 take 116412 give 105161 see 101591 come 95935 go 89759 know 78374 find 61371 become 61071 think 59086 call 52235 leave 51322 write 50504 follow 48217 hold 45768 bring 44671 seem 44533 pass 42984 receive 41700 bear 40321 get 39767 send 39413 tell 36640 look 35440 show 33334 begin 32847 carry 32794 speak 32747 stand 32727 use 32689 live 32555 believe 32382 feel 32188 keep 31515 hear 30633 put 30177 meet 29453 appear 29254 let 28732 die 28357 ask 27088 remain 26841 lead 26755 read 26304 pay 25645 fall Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 466372 not 161213 so 141801 more 136220 great 124942 other 102543 only 98982 now 97732 first 93459 well 91842 most 90573 then 86055 very 84009 such 82811 as 82629 up 81512 good 77792 many 73218 much 69084 own 66095 out 65754 same 63493 old 63223 long 60126 little 58954 also 58564 never 53065 even 51457 new 48808 here 48456 last 48144 public 45037 large 43573 still 42601 high 42545 few 40837 far 40378 ever 40092 too 39074 american 38463 thus 37793 there 37606 however 36605 early 36595 down 35206 just 34952 again 34803 young 34049 soon 33085 general 32563 whole Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24698 good 17113 most 15578 least 10563 great 9362 high 3530 early 3526 large 2836 bad 2226 Most 2160 fine 2039 strong 2020 slight 1721 old 1475 near 1460 eld 1452 low 1235 noble 1225 late 1223 able 1181 deep 1107 young 1093 small 1008 manif 885 rich 791 full 761 wise 637 pure 575 happy 562 dear 556 bright 536 warm 507 simple 492 long 403 grand 388 fair 385 poor 381 brave 379 close 378 dark 377 heavy 361 true 343 short 338 sure 338 hard 303 wild 291 lofty 285 proud 284 weak 283 bitter 276 grave Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 74727 most 4175 well 2653 least 85 hard 81 highest 58 long 54 worst 44 near 24 soon 23 lest 22 goethe 17 greatest 16 fast 15 early 12 youngest 8 tempest 7 ¦ 7 sayest 7 oldest 7 finest 7 eldest 6 purest 6 oftenest 6 farthest 5 noblest 5 lowest 5 latest 5 heaviest 5 clearest 5 brightest 4 strongest 4 lookest 4 infest 4 deepest 3 wisest 3 walkest 3 shortest 3 said:-- 3 fairest 3 easiest 3 bainrothe 2 writhe 2 whitest 2 surest 2 stunningest 2 stoutest 2 severest 2 says:-- 2 ones,--first 2 largest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 www.gutenberg.org 35 www.gutenberg.net 13 archive.org 7 www.archive.org 2 www.hti.umich.edu 2 www.ebookforge.net 2 mormontextsproject.org 2 gallica.bnf.fr 2 books.google.com 1 quod.lib.umich.edu 1 promo.net 1 digital.lib.msu.edu 1 books.google.ca Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 6 http://archive.org 2 http://www.eBookForge.net 2 http://www.archive.org 2 http://mormontextsproject.org 2 http://gallica.bnf.fr 1 http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moa/ 1 http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moa;idno=AAN1277.0001.001 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51250/51250-h/51250-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51250/51250-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/50772/50772-h/50772-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/50772/50772-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/47746/47746-h/47746-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/47746/47746-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/46013/46013-h/46013-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/46013/46013-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45733/45733-h/45733-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45733/45733-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/45353/45353-h/45353-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44438/44438-h/44438-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44438/44438-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44240/44240-h/44240-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44240/44240-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43589/43589-h/43589-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43589/43589-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/42855/42855-h/42855-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/42855/42855-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39079/39079-h/39079-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39079/39079-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39068/39068-h/39068-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39068/39068-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39012/39012-h/39012-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39012/39012-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38014/38014-h/38014-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38014/38014-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36054/36054-h/36054-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36054/36054-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31789/31789-h/31789-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31789/31789-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/30747/30747-h/30747-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/30747/30747-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29083/29083-h/29083-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29083/29083-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/28992/28992-h/28992-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/28992/28992-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44437 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/43590 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1865 1 http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext03/comsn10a.txt 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/etext04/jm00v10.txt 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/8/2/4/28247/28247-h/28247-h.htm Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 2 widger@cecomet.net 1 linda.cantoni@verizon.net 1 davidsch@earthlink.net Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 985 _ is _ 500 _ are _ 400 _ was _ 369 _ see _ 241 _ do _ 235 _ were _ 230 _ is not 201 _ see also 200 _ have _ 196 _ be _ 190 _ did _ 175 _ has _ 174 war was over 164 men do not 163 man is not 151 men are not 137 people were not 136 people did not 136 states did not 128 women are not 122 people do not 114 states are not 112 _ had _ 111 _ know _ 111 time is not 109 people are not 109 women do not 107 men were not 104 states were not 99 _ was not 97 life is not 96 _ does not 95 _ did not 94 laws be faithfully 94 time was not 94 time went on 93 government is not 92 _ held _ 92 men did not 86 congress did not 82 war was not 80 law does not 80 man does not 80 power is not 78 _ do n''t 78 government was not 78 president did not 78 states had not 77 _ am _ 76 _ being _ Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83 congress had no power 50 congress has no power 40 time is not far 31 congress had no right 28 day is not far 25 time had not yet 17 states has no voters 17 time has not yet 15 time was not yet 14 time is not distant 13 _ is not _ 13 congress have no authority 13 congress have no power 12 congress had no authority 12 congress had no constitutional 12 congress has no more 12 states had no power 12 states had no right 11 congress has no right 11 man is not so 11 people are not so 10 congress took no action 10 states have no power 10 states having no slaves 10 war have no affinity 9 congress has no authority 9 time is not yet 9 time was not ripe 9 women are not eligible 8 _ did not _ 8 congress has no constitutional 8 day is not distant 8 day was not far 8 government had no power 8 government has no right 8 president has no authority 8 states have no right 8 war had not yet 8 women are not only 8 women have no form 7 _ has not _ 7 _ is not far 7 man is no longer 7 people have not yet 7 president had no right 7 state has no right 7 states has no power 7 time was not far 7 woman has no right 6 congress have no right Sizes of items; "Measures in words, how big is each item?" ---------------------------------------------------------- 1652770 5050 1629021 4900 1152367 3252 1108559 57383 1039193 11615 989439 11275 873369 59553 807984 12342 794372 40499 772930 47289 763958 40851 694145 44851 599012 18637 591090 28556 586464 28039 581208 49351 519621 22036 518779 2988 516894 29870 512847 12606 505553 56631 476735 22591 476447 28020 475610 49352 455499 27889 450054 25851 408642 15263 368951 47746 357051 11273 345653 46807 340502 41680 335372 7521 331388 34827 325086 8896 322936 19548 320259 42315 310118 11272 304630 44438 303304 8145 302044 20065 301290 45634 298605 36375 295658 19831 288584 25889 280852 11119 280155 47703 272306 21128 268772 45654 268769 21851 261818 11549 261682 60758 261614 46808 259618 42680 258730 39316 255516 32423 255502 21291 250610 31278 248961 54298 247433 60736 247329 45733 242287 7140 242058 8163 241796 8813 236735 33000 235061 13789 234269 39898 233103 39607 227099 20290 226605 22100 226231 21880 225660 36843 223867 28247 223197 40533 223145 58781 219542 40977 216803 11431 213400 14004 209325 16960 206942 8690 204119 15872 203657 13012 201781 36735 198950 11490 198636 7211 197381 36542 196999 42552 196870 40475 196341 26727 196298 15161 195434 43329 195062 36897 193351 37160 192197 33750 191507 6708 190689 42855 190437 12369 189640 39632 189267 42854 189039 42736 187832 31641 187495 36896 187253 40445 186781 38202 184881 40769 184771 41343 182213 7080 182131 38941 180407 41355 179051 41799 178949 32975 178929 2044 178506 7295 178048 28641 177747 12771 177561 35558 176565 18379 175559 51250 175163 23200 175103 45353 174885 39634 173647 9868 170261 18304 169538 11018 169380 34123 168821 26901 168713 20752 168711 43589 168023 40389 166801 38043 166563 38806 165711 11122 165685 14182 164280 33494 163342 34615 162654 33027 162334 16317 161088 12453 160090 11202 160084 47135 159599 12463 158920 22608 158717 12101 158363 18823 158213 5032 158055 38401 157918 34224 157543 21090 157056 36336 156847 25912 155725 7984 155281 6702 155130 10691 155026 35575 154840 29438 154824 46347 154292 45761 153269 1866 153027 41095 151357 37702 149828 19745 149479 13942 149396 31455 149340 30720 149119 41485 148211 10919 147143 27742 146993 41640 146021 20151 145311 39144 145087 49538 143734 41493 143443 11313 142746 15508 142108 7131 140851 35932 140825 25911 139151 43657 139029 8605 138893 36124 138143 43368 138139 40609 136943 28384 135912 45779 135750 4938 135382 47317 135323 5088 135131 36405 134754 38381 134329 40861 133928 6896 133469 3417 133115 22240 132948 41634 131724 38014 130599 11017 130515 11708 130502 42526 130190 46493 129588 34217 127948 37676 127833 925 126638 6812 126605 41597 126477 40482 126339 28618 126086 39037 125742 39104 125520 17700 124636 37910 124548 18444 124502 37701 124040 29368 123556 7436 123259 34073 123022 10733 122303 39406 121798 29608 121390 3538 120708 31298 120497 39388 119759 57666 119733 20256 118554 35845 118541 39005 118508 46400 118322 12653 118188 6333 118184 11021 118181 22994 118042 21348 117948 15534 117900 41759 117818 33848 117723 11276 116882 41316 116303 36055 115405 6434 115177 45230 115059 10345 114718 32892 114061 38139 113950 29726 113863 20873 113664 12422 113521 29083 113266 36054 113239 41349 112405 32603 112293 6423 110945 31425 110357 9594 110289 18196 110146 7170 110023 16598 109172 19309 108641 19199 108495 26424 108345 43884 108247 39068 108043 34573 108002 50295 107805 6080 107662 14555 107566 35489 107364 28456 107228 10858 106932 6665 106853 20318 106400 11125 106356 44240 105635 34688 105443 11454 104972 6456 104751 20190 104413 8691 103924 6091 103385 50772 103071 16741 102990 12471 102633 19828 102616 32500 102203 45954 101769 39012 101517 21622 100567 11850 100385 12052 100329 34637 100012 39079 99656 12800 99258 11854 99161 45045 99022 12423 98921 18956 98881 17444 98436 27963 98416 35400 98077 31789 97883 20105 97794 39606 97743 9599 97644 31085 97267 16508 96671 38483 96076 29003 96076 28328 95623 12044 95367 23595 95053 13047 95037 15117 95030 33273 94546 22675 94320 27597 93614 38130 92936 11415 92747 15854 92725 20064 92722 21537 92668 19463 92649 22461 92459 26069 92373 15488 92058 35573 91884 27953 91790 9308 91075 43863 91066 28992 91014 14721 90554 11593 90040 37737 89835 14237 89026 2654 88603 22959 87487 11847 87150 28285 87085 10854 86637 38007 86602 11154 86541 32232 86268 22037 86226 2984 86213 16124 86024 30611 85962 33451 85611 13956 85263 17726 85263 6109 85254 11606 85252 19647 85225 16028 85078 11524 85065 15125 84875 31131 84494 12285 84375 37656 83929 12372 83394 30747 83299 6449 83154 17217 82785 17893 82519 18453 82274 27716 82274 31051 82151 12549 82134 29736 82130 49393 81800 15394 81557 7255 81355 38479 80727 10202 80726 20183 80380 6767 80087 13474 79954 21877 79936 39368 78956 30141 78385 4355 78229 18053 77990 16323 77989 31017 77977 21983 77739 39893 76905 17112 76660 16691 76093 40412 75668 10644 74718 46013 74717 10647 74692 23689 74636 42842 73561 35674 73259 15140 73152 54451 73146 11274 72980 19049 72721 14510 72190 19875 71886 34594 71578 44097 71575 20608 69993 7952 69912 37226 69860 51426 69747 9591 69745 26335 69595 14849 69315 6158 68535 28653 68299 37686 68284 15392 68044 39940 67436 8222 67200 15930 66699 3004 66515 13911 66375 38782 66043 20819 65847 10879 65710 11464 65666 38373 65588 5026 65583 7097 65387 15391 65108 15984 64872 42863 64780 8641 64746 2293 64589 41417 64477 37191 64017 41300 63931 20561 63543 39403 63422 12968 62526 32120 62360 17857 62127 40904 62018 18555 61805 47351 61753 51973 61599 15018 61490 32123 61284 41605 61194 11822 61097 39154 60997 40210 60981 14964 60822 2113 60627 32121 60461 31092 59842 26064 59742 22352 59706 12282 59611 8458 59332 7348 59192 11813 59110 17485 58805 3157 58755 20428 58706 47627 58541 19659 58403 17274 58227 34873 57926 32135 57810 13304 57717 33568 57550 2835 57281 40973 57087 32122 56704 13176 56185 19739 55863 21427 55688 13637 55647 45763 55616 41742 55535 10895 55490 39084 55366 18553 55154 13155 54450 39927 54419 8928 54329 28831 53330 21276 53260 13009 53136 2900 53000 1864 52849 16906 51858 45744 50721 39568 49232 37812 49105 32556 48908 3036 48662 12421 48643 32508 48485 14584 48435 18625 47962 15162 47872 44837 47758 15063 47549 39720 46662 3034 46493 9595 46483 23748 46296 33334 44552 17724 44491 10613 43838 712 43486 22567 41382 57466 41360 21646 40743 28013 40377 10894 40010 40225 39156 21895 38886 22256 38779 43480 38046 11736 37767 59976 37706 23771 37583 443 37149 51424 37107 3040 36974 14295 36822 17723 36801 35693 36656 5133 36115 41474 35830 22621 35362 63254 34654 37535 34136 40898 32734 41041 32640 49291 32441 13741 31474 9322 31331 5015 31286 40072 30893 28350 28676 7411 27580 31068 27572 7136 27095 34005 26870 34690 25357 43979 24612 41173 24571 16873 23424 20066 23073 39823 22947 36756 21477 18898 21165 17245 20893 18095 20192 31861 20048 16227 19996 26317 19992 26498 18728 25819 18636 35122 18573 37586 18304 60238 17568 36350 16653 26797 15896 7252 15665 19404 14751 59344 14405 43909 14273 10815 14015 4639 13945 8881 11870 35136 11478 9592 11010 40888 10635 5712 9033 33920 8991 7552 8796 896 8472 17971 8144 35427 7790 28860 6965 23742 6295 31315 4776 25900 2620 38906 Readability of items; "How difficult is each item to read?" ----------------------------------------------------------- 98.0 27889 97.0 28350 95.0 32508 95.0 26797 94.0 14849 91.0 11593 91.0 20561 90.0 32556 90.0 23771 90.0 35674 89.0 39940 89.0 45045 88.0 42863 88.0 33334 88.0 31131 88.0 11850 88.0 29083 88.0 30720 87.0 31861 87.0 11813 87.0 12421 86.0 11847 86.0 11822 86.0 57466 86.0 38381 86.0 39606 86.0 11854 86.0 15534 85.0 23742 85.0 17893 85.0 59976 85.0 31092 85.0 11549 84.0 45744 84.0 36350 84.0 45763 84.0 6091 84.0 3417 83.0 41474 83.0 36054 83.0 44438 83.0 11431 83.0 11615 82.0 19875 82.0 35136 82.0 7211 82.0 18625 82.0 16741 82.0 36336 82.0 7295 81.0 23595 81.0 13155 81.0 22352 81.0 13304 81.0 17112 81.0 38479 81.0 20318 81.0 18956 81.0 29726 81.0 18444 80.0 41605 80.0 43863 80.0 27716 80.0 51973 80.0 34123 80.0 28860 80.0 5712 80.0 22675 80.0 40973 80.0 4355 80.0 11606 80.0 12052 80.0 17700 80.0 51250 79.0 14964 79.0 49291 79.0 20190 79.0 34573 79.0 13637 79.0 18555 79.0 2293 79.0 13942 79.0 34224 79.0 20819 79.0 7952 79.0 10202 79.0 13956 79.0 28285 79.0 15117 79.0 21622 79.0 57666 79.0 12453 79.0 11122 79.0 41355 79.0 25851 79.0 2988 78.0 32123 78.0 12423 78.0 32120 78.0 6702 78.0 17726 78.0 40072 78.0 19647 78.0 10733 78.0 32122 78.0 17274 78.0 16317 78.0 8222 78.0 34594 78.0 40412 78.0 2984 78.0 12372 78.0 6333 78.0 39037 78.0 15263 77.0 13911 77.0 11313 77.0 32121 77.0 51426 77.0 38941 77.0 6896 77.0 22256 77.0 7097 77.0 6158 77.0 29736 77.0 34615 77.0 33027 77.0 47703 77.0 36375 76.0 12369 76.0 40482 76.0 6080 76.0 39406 76.0 37226 76.0 23689 76.0 31085 76.0 29608 76.0 3252 75.0 45779 75.0 6434 75.0 39068 75.0 34690 75.0 21427 75.0 8458 75.0 39012 75.0 34688 75.0 43909 75.0 19404 75.0 7252 75.0 37191 75.0 28653 75.0 16691 75.0 6449 75.0 17723 75.0 17724 75.0 36124 75.0 2113 75.0 14237 75.0 30611 75.0 15488 75.0 12471 75.0 43368 75.0 21291 75.0 54298 74.0 1864 74.0 40210 74.0 35427 74.0 31298 74.0 60238 74.0 2654 74.0 15854 74.0 51424 74.0 20428 74.0 15930 74.0 18304 74.0 16124 74.0 31051 74.0 11524 74.0 11154 74.0 33451 74.0 9308 74.0 38483 74.0 6423 74.0 36055 74.0 32603 74.0 60758 74.0 3538 74.0 46400 74.0 11017 74.0 36405 74.0 41095 74.0 40475 74.0 58781 74.0 39898 74.0 39607 74.0 45634 74.0 41680 73.0 35122 73.0 28384 73.0 21880 73.0 31315 73.0 7552 73.0 40861 73.0 34873 73.0 39079 73.0 35489 73.0 19739 73.0 15984 73.0 19049 73.0 17217 73.0 30747 73.0 16028 73.0 12285 73.0 32232 73.0 20064 73.0 14721 73.0 11415 73.0 16598 73.0 39316 73.0 43657 73.0 23200 73.0 38806 73.0 45353 73.0 60736 73.0 47746 72.0 40445 72.0 18095 72.0 8881 72.0 34637 72.0 5133 72.0 40533 72.0 33273 72.0 37586 72.0 12549 72.0 34217 72.0 11275 72.0 11119 72.0 47317 72.0 12282 72.0 8641 72.0 21090 72.0 1866 72.0 47135 72.0 37686 72.0 41799 72.0 16323 72.0 15125 72.0 49393 72.0 12044 72.0 40977 72.0 44240 72.0 39388 72.0 28618 72.0 18823 72.0 8813 72.0 56631 71.0 23748 71.0 19548 71.0 39154 71.0 39823 71.0 40389 71.0 17857 71.0 47627 71.0 17245 71.0 11273 71.0 34005 71.0 13474 71.0 7411 71.0 443 71.0 34827 71.0 7348 71.0 20608 71.0 9591 71.0 43589 71.0 31017 71.0 21851 71.0 10854 71.0 19463 71.0 27963 71.0 18637 71.0 41493 71.0 31455 71.0 37702 71.0 15161 71.0 14004 71.0 8896 71.0 59553 70.0 40888 70.0 13176 70.0 39084 70.0 15872 70.0 43480 70.0 9592 70.0 15162 70.0 36756 70.0 15140 70.0 13741 70.0 38007 70.0 12101 70.0 22567 70.0 15063 70.0 45230 70.0 37701 70.0 17485 70.0 32135 70.0 21983 70.0 18453 70.0 6109 70.0 26069 70.0 22100 70.0 50772 70.0 11276 70.0 34073 70.0 22240 70.0 40609 70.0 11272 70.0 49352 70.0 49351 70.0 46807 69.0 25900 69.0 19828 69.0 31068 69.0 33000 69.0 26901 69.0 2044 69.0 7255 69.0 59344 69.0 2900 69.0 15508 69.0 38782 69.0 39893 69.0 41041 69.0 40898 69.0 21895 69.0 11736 69.0 40225 69.0 9594 69.0 39927 69.0 11464 69.0 7984 69.0 54451 69.0 10345 69.0 41597 69.0 28641 69.0 40769 69.0 28039 68.0 11274 68.0 42842 68.0 20151 68.0 22621 68.0 45954 68.0 12771 68.0 45733 68.0 8691 68.0 39403 68.0 20752 68.0 37737 68.0 19309 68.0 7170 68.0 5088 68.0 49538 68.0 38401 68.0 7080 68.0 28247 68.0 29870 68.0 46808 68.0 28020 67.0 14584 67.0 19745 67.0 41173 67.0 39368 67.0 14182 67.0 41300 67.0 16508 67.0 18898 67.0 41349 67.0 14510 67.0 14555 67.0 19199 67.0 37160 67.0 15018 67.0 13789 67.0 46347 67.0 39632 67.0 27597 67.0 38130 67.0 6456 67.0 41759 67.0 45654 67.0 29368 67.0 35575 67.0 36897 67.0 36896 67.0 42854 67.0 11490 67.0 32423 66.0 39720 66.0 9599 66.0 16960 66.0 712 66.0 12968 66.0 18379 66.0 11018 66.0 28328 66.0 39005 66.0 8928 66.0 41742 66.0 41417 66.0 25912 66.0 44097 66.0 18053 66.0 31641 66.0 28456 66.0 41640 66.0 32975 66.0 42736 66.0 22036 66.0 57383 65.0 6767 65.0 21128 65.0 9595 65.0 15394 65.0 26317 65.0 22591 65.0 37676 65.0 38139 65.0 20066 65.0 14295 65.0 41485 65.0 38043 65.0 6812 65.0 40904 65.0 47351 65.0 10691 65.0 46013 65.0 36542 65.0 22037 65.0 36735 65.0 35845 65.0 42526 65.0 7131 65.0 39144 65.0 29438 65.0 33494 65.0 38202 65.0 42552 65.0 4900 65.0 28556 64.0 38906 64.0 17971 64.0 15392 64.0 20105 64.0 27953 64.0 45761 64.0 28013 64.0 12422 64.0 11708 64.0 39634 64.0 41343 64.0 35573 64.0 17444 64.0 12800 64.0 42680 64.0 21348 64.0 22608 64.0 26727 64.0 33750 64.0 42855 64.0 7521 64.0 12606 63.0 18196 63.0 21537 63.0 37535 63.0 13009 63.0 28831 63.0 13047 63.0 35558 63.0 9322 63.0 26064 63.0 19659 63.0 38373 63.0 35400 63.0 39104 63.0 30141 63.0 32500 63.0 12653 63.0 33848 63.0 7140 62.0 37910 62.0 10647 62.0 20290 62.0 3034 62.0 3004 62.0 26424 62.0 41316 62.0 4639 62.0 25819 62.0 21646 62.0 37812 62.0 2835 62.0 15391 62.0 25889 62.0 7436 62.0 27742 62.0 40851 62.0 31278 62.0 47289 61.0 20183 61.0 22461 61.0 35693 61.0 16906 61.0 33920 61.0 31789 61.0 26498 61.0 7136 61.0 8605 61.0 4938 61.0 33568 61.0 32892 61.0 38014 60.0 3040 60.0 6665 60.0 28992 60.0 11454 60.0 43979 60.0 22994 60.0 10613 60.0 44837 60.0 46493 60.0 25911 60.0 36843 60.0 6708 60.0 40499 59.0 3157 59.0 39568 59.0 20873 59.0 20065 59.0 3036 59.0 925 59.0 10644 59.0 22959 59.0 8163 58.0 41634 58.0 10815 58.0 13012 58.0 31425 58.0 42315 58.0 11021 58.0 8690 57.0 10919 57.0 29003 57.0 44851 57.0 37656 57.0 16227 57.0 9868 57.0 19831 57.0 21877 56.0 20256 56.0 18553 56.0 8145 56.0 12342 55.0 10879 55.0 5050 55.0 43884 54.0 21276 54.0 11125 54.0 10858 54.0 5032 53.0 63254 53.0 43329 53.0 12463 53.0 50295 53.0 11202 52.0 10894 51.0 5026 50.0 10895 49.0 896 48.0 35932 44.0 5015 41.0 16873 101.0 26335 Item summaries; "In a narrative form, how can each item be abstracted?" ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 10202 they talked Miss Mitchell closed her book and took up her knitting, for When Miss Mitchell went to Europe she took her Almanac work with her, day;'' another said, ''They took a walk.'' It came to Hawthorne''s turn, and "One day Mrs. Hawthorne came to my room, held up an inkstand, and said, "Mrs. Airy said to me, ''Although we are invited to be guests of Dr. Whewell, he is quite too mighty a man to come to meet us." Her sons, "I turned to the young American girl who sat next to me, and said, ''Miss "Miss Southey said that her father felt that he knew as many Americans "I asked after the children, and Miss Southey said that the little boy "He told me that a fine-looking, white-headed, good-featured old man was In her life at Vassar College there was a great deal for Miss Mitchell 10345 the little towns and villages we passed, wretched looking, in the this, Miss Wright said was impossible; the lady of the house called throughout the United States) of the little town. reason in a comfortable London drawing-room know little about the power of entering your house at any hour of night." She told me throngs of the young and beautiful to the chapels and meetinghouses, all dressed with care, and sometimes with great continued for a little way under the trees, making a beautiful length, a long, black, grim-looking man entered; his dress, the A lady who professed a great admiration for Mrs. Drake had obtained her permission to be present upon one occasion a noble looking place, having a portico of stately white columns, field look like a little forest. American people (speaking of the great mass) have no more idea of City of New York--Collegiate Institute for Young Ladies-- 10613 a new governing class, as every considerable change in human environment fifty years later the Court of King''s Bench gravely held that a royal the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court to the President of the United has no constitutional power to confer upon the Supreme Court original Court when it so decided made a serious political and social error. precedents the Supreme Court of New York decided that, under the _Police first presented to the Supreme Court of the United States, did not come The effect of the adoption by the Supreme Court of the United States of the Supreme Court of the United States under the Fourteenth Amendment, it the duty of every court of general jurisdiction, state or federal, to the Police Power, which was adopted by the Supreme Court of the United On March 10, 1793, the Convention passed a decree constituting a court 10644 American Colonies, especially in New England. of the United States have been written by men of New England origin, and her American subjects, the population of the Colonies--in New England question and its great importance to New England; and he insisted on the Washington held New York, and the British fleet were masters of the Bay. He might have withdrawn his forces in safety, but so important a place Congress and to the country for men, arms, and clothing; yet only New country, which in time would be as powerful as either England or France. read the standard lives of Franklin, John Adams, Hamilton, Jefferson, public career of Hamilton began as a delegate from the State of New York agreeable to New England people, who knew very little of Washington officers of the new government were aristocratic and stately, even by ambitious men as the office of governor in a great State. 10647 Successes at Gettysburg and at the second battle of Bull Run. Grant changes the fortune of war for the North. the winding up of the old United States Bank to General Jackson, and to Public Men; the Speeches of Webster, Clay, and Calhoun. war with Great Britain, when the United States comprised less than eight interests of the South, and the defence of the country in time of war. parties were formed, and which divided the country until the Civil War. The most notable portion of Henry Clay''s life was his great career as The bitter war which Clay made on the administration of General Jackson, on tariffs and cognate questions, the champion of the North, as Mr. Calhoun was of the South; and this opposition and antagonism gave great Thus Calhoun began his public career as an advocate of war with Great Calhoun made several great speeches in the Senate of the United States, 10691 nation to dispose of itself, you, the people of the United States must towards your great people and your national government, to entertain the United States in war, or to engage your great people to send out armies Let me ask you, gentlemen: are you, the people of the United States, a Eight hundred and fifty years ago, when the first King of Hungary, St. Stephen, becoming Christian himself, converted the Hungarian nation to free people of America, uniting with those kindred nations of Europe power must be centralized; but to be a free nation, self-government must law of nations by an armed interference in Hungary. great and powerful nation, can have no other basis than Eternal Law and independence, of nations, for State rights, for international law, and people of the United States, powerful by their freedom and free by the principle of national independence, that common right of all humanity, 10733 with the constitution or laws of the United States can a case involving courts is given in the constitution of the United States, Article III, a justice of the peace may act temporarily as a United States officer. the United States, which shall consist of a senate and house of the president of the United States is tried, the chief Justice shall office under the United States shall be a member of either house during If a United States officer be elected to congress, how long can are tried in the United States District Courts, but according to the laws _The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, _This constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; 10815 President John Quincy Adams minister to the United States of Colombia. the United States and the restricted grant of power to the Government the Executive of the United States solely as a conservative power, to be Henry Harrison, late President of the United States, we have thought it Henry Harrison, late President of the United States, has departed this announces to the Army the death of the President of the United States. Macomb, the General Commanding in Chief the Army of the United States, Major-General Macomb, Commander of the Army of the United States, Adjutant-General of the Army of the United States, will act as The Major-General Commanding the Army of the United States and the The President of the United States and heads of Departments. William Henry Harrison, President of the United States, departed this of William Henry Harrison, late President of the United States, without 10854 is a two-story, redstone, thatched house, looking old, but by no means whole town: people standing in their door-ways, old women popping should put a book in his left hand,--"No," replied the fiery old man, wise man''s mind rests long in a state neither of belief nor of The old man went away into his imaginary paradise, and Nan into that helpful hands, the girl thought this plain young man the comeliest, become as good a man and leave as green a memory behind me as old John young man, with a great softness at his heart, went away, as many there appeared long rocky reaches like Egyptian temples,--old, dead "Sisters may be as like as two walnuts, to look at," said the old in the nature of things, present itself a second time. Don''t like her looks and ways;--she''s thinking about _something_, "have, like men, their natural term, and those only are long-lived 10858 United States, which possession or settlement is, by the act of Congress United States shall receive satisfactory evidence that the Government of duties and powers of the General Government in relation to the State the duties of the General Government in relation to the States and the The Government of the United States have no constitutional power to the rights of the new States and the powers of the General Government, acts of the Congress of the United States within the limits of the certain acts of the Congress of the United States purporting to be laws This act provides that if the Government of the United States or any the duty of the Executive of the United States, acting with a proper The people of the United States formed the Constitution, acting through The Constitution of the United States, then, forms a _government_, not a 10879 2. A treaty between the United States and the Kanzas Nation of Indians, Government of the United States to be represented at the Congress of Creek Nation to perform their part of the treaty the United States are Secretary of War to the late President of the United States, with United States in his message to Congress of December, 1823, I transmit of the United States, to be reported to Congress at the present session, United States and of France in either country our trade with that nation communicated between the Government of the United States and that of I transmit to Congress copies of a treaty between the United States of Whereas by an act of the Congress of the United States of the 7th of Whereas by an act of the Congress of the United States of the 7th of Government under the present Constitution of the United States the 10894 by Congress appointed minister of the United States at the Court of presents convene, the Congress of the United States of America at the of the French Government and vindicate the conduct of the United States. expect, peace and amity between the United States and all nations will the people of the United States from their Government is an attempt to citizens of the United States and such foreigners as have a right to provided; and the Congress of the United States, by their act passed the legally obligatory on the Government or citizens of the United States," branches of the Government and of the people of the United States. power to have a treaty of amity and commerce with the United States, violence the lawful authority of the Government of the United States; act it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, by his 10895 neutral commerce of the United States" the President is authorized to of the United States with Great Britain, as suspended by the act of United States shall declare by proclamation, and if the other nation Constitution of the United States which declares that "Congress shall hostile to the United States as an independent and neutral nation. nations, the United States have withheld from Great Britain, under Having presented this view of the relations of the United States with United States, her Government has authorized illegal captures by its Secretary of War to the commander of the troops of the United States to authority of the United States to call into service and command the powers at war with enemies of the United States such use of the American United States with foreign nations at any time before the 8th day of which the law of nations does not require the United States to prohibit. 10919 neutrality of the United States with dignity in the wars of other powers in the power of the United States to discharge the national debt at an Government that other powers have made to the United States an indemnity communicated to be laid before the House whether Amelia Island, St. Marks, and Pensacola yet remain in the possession of the United States, peace establishment of the United States" on great consideration and Government of the United States or in any department or officer thereof; the great extent of the powers of the State governments. United States a power to levy a duty of 5 per cent on all goods imported importation of goods from foreign powers into the United States for these powers to the United States by the establishment of the present correspondence between the Governments of the United States and Great subjects of France may have upon the Government of the United States 11017 Jedediah Morse was a man of note in his day, known and respected at home time a letter is to be paid for, then comes up a great tax from the class in New Haven that I have not time to think of one of my old friends. The following extract from a letter to Morse written by his friend, Mr. Jeremiah Evarts, father of William M. Going back a few days in point of time, the following letter was written His friend Leslie, in a letter from London of May 7, 1816, writes: "Mr. West said your picture would have been more likely than any of them to live at home with his family, and find time to paint some of the great Success in New York.--Chosen to paint portrait of Lafayette.--Hope of a Success in New York.--Chosen to paint portrait of Lafayette.--Hope of a 11018 at the time of the invention of Morse''s telegraph." years, it was gradually superseded by the Morse telegraph which proved Mr. F.O.J. Smith had, in the mean time, returned to America, and Morse Morse alone doing any work.--Encouraging letter from Professor Henry.-Morse alone doing any work.--Encouraging letter from Professor Henry.-This was the second great moment in the history of the Morse Telegraph. PROFESSOR MORSE,--As an assistant in the telegraphic experiment "At the end of a week Professor Morse returned from New York and came to purposes.--Letters to his brother Sidney.--Telegraph matters.--Mexican purposes.--Letters to his brother Sidney.--Telegraph matters.--Mexican discoveries bearing on the telegraph, and of his own inventions, Morse Goes to Dresden.--Trials financial and personal.--Humorous letter to E.S. Sanford.--Berlin.--The telegraph in the war of 1866.--Paris.--Returns to Goes to Dresden.--Trials financial and personal.--Humorous letter to E.S. Sanford.--Berlin.--The telegraph in the war of 1866.--Paris.--Returns to Morse and America the great invention of the telegraph was due. 11021 granted by the treaty to the Government and people of the United States. shall come into collision with the Government of the United States, the I transmit to Congress a copy of a convention between the United States without any enabling act from Congress, to form a State constitution Territory to elect delegates to form a constitution and State government I transmit to Congress a copy of the treaty between the United States Federal and State Governments so far as the great taxing and money power to Congress the immediate power to act in regard to all such States, power of the Government of the United States," wrote our late minister Under this article the Government and people of the United States will United States to carry into effect the act of Congress of 3d March, 1819, This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be 11119 family--Visits--Katewabeda, chief of Sandy Lake--Indian mythology, and family--Visits--Katewabeda, chief of Sandy Lake--Indian mythology, and Lake Superior--The wild rice plant--Indian trade--American Fur Lake Superior--The wild rice plant--Indian trade--American Fur Lake Superior--Instructions for a treaty in the North--Death of Mr. Pettit--Denial of post-office facilities--Arrival of commissioners to Lake Superior--Instructions for a treaty in the North--Death of Mr. Pettit--Denial of post-office facilities--Arrival of commissioners to suffering--The Indian cause--Estimation of the character of the late Mr. Johnston--Autobiography--Historical Society of Michigan--Fiscal suffering--The Indian cause--Estimation of the character of the late Mr. Johnston--Autobiography--Historical Society of Michigan--Fiscal the cabinet--Gov. Cass called to Washington--Religious changes--G.B. Porter appointed Governor--Natural history--Character of the new the cabinet--Gov. Cass called to Washington--Religious changes--G.B. Porter appointed Governor--Natural history--Character of the new Home matters--Massachusetts Historical Society--Question of the U.S. Senate''s action on certain treaties of the Lake Indians--Hugh L. Home matters--Massachusetts Historical Society--Question of the U.S. Senate''s action on certain treaties of the Lake Indians--Hugh L. 11122 fairest honors from spreading abroad the oracles of the Lord your God. Is it possible that _you_ should not see, in this state of human things, insanity for men who in their hearts do not love God, and in their lives The Bible calls the good man''s life a light, and it is the nature of great silent powers of nature are of greater consequence than her little time, shall turn his eye hither, may behold that the place is not were precisely the men whom the moral wants of the new world at the time is to-day, should make this a general rule, that all human labor shall Law of Nations, that in time of war, private property on land shall law of nature, the love of country and a national spirit seem to of light floating between the dark sea and sky, or a great white-winged 11125 report of the Secretary of War. The present judicial system of the United States has now been in citizens of the United States on the Government of that Republic, I The great constitutional question of the power of the General Government territory and other public property of the United States, it may be United States, civil or military, having lawful power in the premises, the United States free of duty so long as the said treaty shall remain The Constitution of the United States provides that Congress shall Such being the public rights and the municipal law of the United States, subjects of Great Britain and the citizens of the United States, international law, it became the right and duty of the United States to of the existing Government of the United States, in all which time this The Government of the United States has at all times regarded with 11154 "That was in the old times," said Jocunda, skeptically. these spirits are what''s left of old heathen times, when, Lord bless us! The door opened, and a gray-headed old man entered, who approached him "Oh, my Lord," said the old serving-man, with a distressful movement, "Excommunicated!" said the young man,--every feature of his fine face, "Oh, my dear master," said the old man, falling on his knees, "what is no motion in these pictures you think so life-like; and at best they are Frederic Denison Maurice''s "Working-Men''s College." The house looks, I wanted to come into closer connection with the working-men of London, first place, if the "working-man" as a boy has felt any particular fancy account of his "Five Years'' Teaching at Working-Men''s College." "When a Shines like a light across those dark old days, In times like these, men He worked day and night, like an 11202 United States Bank, including President Jackson''s reasons for the deposits from the Bank of the United States, the President deems it his authorized by the Government of the United States to receive it, and presented whether the people of the United States are to govern through To secure to the Government of the United States forever the power to shall be authorized by the Government of the United States to receive shall be maintained in case the Government of the United States should all these duties while the Bank of the United States was still powerful Bank of the United States appointed by the Government, since the report governments, but to the Congress of the United States, in which it of the Government and people of the United States on the questions now President of the United States to Congress at the opening of its present 11272 _people_ in any state where slavery exists, have the power to abolish [Footnote A: Virginia made slaves real estate by a law passed in 1705. law of Virginia, passed Dec. 17, 1792, a slave brought into the state slave from being emancipated by the _laws_ of the free states. power by the constitution to abolish slavery and the slave trade in the _present_ Congress concede the power to abolish slavery in the District Island,--Free, cheaper than Slave labor,--More work done, and better the subject of slavery, stating that as we had a vast number of slaves power to abolish slavery and the slave-trade in that District; and, power to abolish slavery and the slave-trade in that District; and, claiming for Congress any direct power over slavery in the slave States, with the slavery of the slave states. abolition of slavery in the slave states, or even in the District of 11273 overseer of slaves in that state, as has been said in the public laws of slave states, and by the testimony of slaveholders and others, men, is shown by the fact, that in all the slave states, we believe years in the south western slave states, says: Illinois, who has spent a number of years in slave states. it, I still continued to live in a slave state, witnessing every day southwestern slave states a number of years, has furnished the slave states, North and South Carolina. [Footnote 20: The following extracts from the laws of slave-states are county, who resided five years in a slave state, and left, disgusted of the slave states has laws providing that the life of no _white_ man the most sacred of human rights, yet the laws of slave states punish advance of all the slave states except Virginia and South Carolina; 11274 slavery, and the emancipation of the slaves already in the States. States of the Union, constitutes a privileged order of men in the distributing legislative power in a free and in a slave State thus: against slavery, cannot travel through the slave States, but at the man and the law of God; by substituting itself as a rule of right, Constitution of the United States, would not believe that slavery or men at the time when the Constitution of the United States was formed, In the slave States generally, no black man can laws of the slave States, "as invading the sacred rights of citizens Free colored men are converted into slaves not only by law, but also States Constitution, without violating his anti-slavery principles, Constitution, "no person held to service, or labor, in one State, Constitution, "no person held to service, or labor, in one State, In every Slave State there are laws 11275 white man, _in any way_, practically licensed in all the slave States? slavery, as it is presented to us, in the laws of the slave States; and slave states.) The law of South Carolina thus lays down the principle, That this is American slavery, is shown by the laws of slave states. That this is American slavery, is shown by the laws of slave states. That this is American slavery, is shown by the laws of slave states. all of these [the slave] states." The law of South Carolina says, law of Virginia, passed Dec. 17, 1792, a slave brought into the state the subject of slavery, stating that as we had a vast number of slaves claiming for Congress any direct power over slavery in the slave States, concern" in the subject of slavery in the slave states, than the fact, of the slave states has laws providing that the life of no _white_ man 11276 me to write a small book on Civil Government in the United States, government, and we shall presently have to treat of county, state, and How are citizens of a town represented in state government? The oldest city government in the United States is that of New York. the beginnings of city government in the United States. Give an account of city government in the United States, under the GOVERNMENT OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.--_J.H.U. Studies_, States the local governments of township, county, and city are left to a. Powers granted to the government of the United States. office under the United States government and be a member of either shall exercise the office of President of the United States. this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be 11313 England, planted colonies on these rivers and called the country New British had planned to conquer New York and so cut the Eastern States capture New York state and cut the colonies in two. Congress, they said, had power to pay the debt of the United States, but country grew in area, how the people increased in number, how new states four state banks in the whole country: one in Philadelphia, one in New 2. The first to build a great western highway was New York state, which, War on the Bank of the United States%.--While South Carolina [Footnote 1: One state, New York, was to receive $4,000,000, three free-state men, sent on by the New England Emigrant Aid Society,[1] 3. The Congress of the United States was called to meet at Washington, 76,000,000 people, and in the one state of New York more inhabitants 11415 works of true genius, people of the most opposite ways of thinking Anthrops snatched eagerly at the little black thing his old friend held all things in this life, and that end shall certainly come at last. nature; it was the best she knew; through it she came nearest to God. Thinking of the day when she had given it up, she remembered it with a "It''s a good thing for Holmes," said one, a burly, farmer-like man, who "Do you think money is what he wants?" said a quiet little man, sitting would come right some day too, she would think, as she looked at the Nature seemed to have said that a man should fall short became the thing He is a man who on a few occasions has said great things; who on the how much better heart will its father face the work of life! 11431 _Captain Absolute_, son of sir Anthony, in love with Lydia Languish, AIRY (_Sir George_), a man of fortune, in love with Miran''da, the ward earl, the widow married sir Thomas Egerton, keeper of the Great Seal Ann_, goes mad at the news of the death of sir John, her husband and his lady, whose son, sir Key, is over and over again called the Sir John Fielding was called "The Blind Beak" (died 1780). _George Bellmont_, son of sir William, in love with Clarissa, his Sir Walter Scott says: "The countess was called ''Black Agnes'' from _Jenny Blane_, his daughter.--Sir W, Scott, _Old Mortality_ (time, CADWALLADER, called by Bede (1 _syl._) Elidwalda, son of Cadwalla king He fell in love with Christabelle (3 _syl_.), the king''s-daughter, and fell in love herself with the knight, and told the queen that Sir Brunetta (wife of the king''s brother) had a son, afterwards called 11454 Appendix A: ANTI-SLAVERY EPISTLE OF "FRIENDS" IN GREAT BRITAIN. commerce of the Slave States had imbued them with pro-slavery views and friends of the anti-slavery cause, and in receiving calls at our hotel. Foreign Anti-slavery Society, is another remarkable man, clear and sound visits from a large number of the friends of the anti-slavery cause, and the designation of the "American Anti-Slavery Society." The State of the second day, a meeting of the Female Anti-Slavery Society was held of the Executive Committee of the State Anti-Slavery Society, be present at an anti-slavery meeting of the State Society, to which I anti-slavery cause in Great Britain from the time of the old right to state, that the memorial refers to slavery and the slave-trade great loss at the time by his fellow-laborers in the anti-slavery cause, to the anti-slavery cause, and the Society of Friends itself, I 11464 fifty years of Cuba''s history, the principal industry of the island was Spanish, American, and Cuban, had given the island, at that time, more recent history of this city, known to most Cubans as Cuba (pronounced relations with Cuba had its beginning with the Spanish-American war. liberation of Cuba was the United States, and more than seventy years later of Cuba by the United States; second, its retention by Spain; third, free Cuba, in those early days, the people of the United States today must time when Cuba and Cuban affairs were topics of a lively public interest. United States, the Spanish commercial restrictions which placed Cuba at at the time of the Ten Years'' War, granted to the Cubans the rights of United States and Cuba secured their independence, was there any general United States and Cuba, dropped the matter of the relations of this country 11490 [Footnote 6: The leading authority upon slavery and the slave-trade in the importing seven or eight hundred negro slaves each year. taken in war; and negro slaves were imported into every prosperous colony industry was giving the blacks in the South new value as slaves, Northern [Footnote 1: The slave trade enactments by the colonies, the states and of negroes at New York for work on his rice plantation.[3] That the sugar colonies, he conceded, might require the labor of negro slaves, [Footnote 26: _What Became of the Slaves on a Georgia Plantation Auction Slaves | Free Negroes| Whites [Footnote A: The slaves and free negroes in this group were designated which there were counted five free negroes, one slave and no whites.[2] In the second year following, the slave and free negro arrests for being slaves and free negroes in _See also_ negroes and slave trade 11524 the same house with the General, and that morning my good-fortune had eye and rosy lip, and the General''s invitation to look upon his house as likeness," said the General to me, the first time that he took me to his "Yes," said Agnes, coming forward, and looking over his shoulder at his saints and angels, but a little good common talk for every-day people and is obedient to his old mother: such a man will make a right good "Well, then, pretty Agnes," said the young man, "let me carry your "You must know what I mean," said the young man. "Well, then, let us be good friends, at any rate," said the young man. so;--it''s far better trusting the Lord with a good strong man "Nobody will think of coming here this time o'' night," she said, "and but there come occasions in life when a man must look about him and 11549 a darling little wife, and write me loving words in your next letter. that you may be the beloved of the Lord and rest in safety by Him. The early years of Mrs. Prentiss'' married life were in various ways which I said something like this: Mamma knows a dear little boy who was summer of 1865, having lived away from New York, I saw little of Mrs. Prentiss, but I have a special remembrance of one little visit you made But, as I said the other day, if at any time you feel a little Think of that, dear, when you remember how I loved you in Mrs. G.''s little parlor! God for His long years of discipline, but very likely life did not look _Friday._--We began this day by going at ten A.M. to the funeral of Mrs. W.''s poor little baby, and the first words papa read, "It is better 11593 God''s sake, my dear young man,'' he said to me, ''be sure that you do "Yes," she said, studying his face calmly with her steady dark eyes. like the man himself, as though he had come from a day when skin "A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as "You don''t understand me," said Dunwody, looking him fair in the "He left the boat last night," answered Dunwody gravely, his eyes "This is bad business, sir," said the older man, turning to Old Sally stood looking at him for a time with her small brown eyes "Gentlemen," said he, "this is the Countess St. Auban, who has come to see these parts of our country. "Madam," said Dunwody slowly turning to her, "I can''t exchange "Dunwody, we''re going to hurt you a little," said Jamieson, at "Yes, I have come, Hector," said Dunwody, "and naturally, I have 11606 woman who thinks is like the man who puts on rouge, ridiculous." Voltaire said, "Ideas are like beards; women and young men have none." that a new era is begun, and that the time has come for woman to learn minutely, calling frequently upon Ulster, a young fresh-looking man, for little time to consider the real state of his feelings towards the new And I, replying to her, said, ''In those words which speak my lady''s and said, ''Ladies who have intelligence of Love.'' These words I laid by of the little familiarity which those in whose hands his book was likely a great sorrow, it is true, but a man conscious of God. Life had turned tender as a woman to his mother, and followed her with his eyes, like a I liked the sound of this youth''s voice, I said, and his look when I 11615 the verb, the _compound word_ thus formed expresses a continued state of adjective is a word added to a noun or pronoun, and generally expresses adjective is a word added to a noun or pronoun, and generally expresses adjective is a word added to a noun or pronoun, and generally expresses general rule for the verb, the author of a certain "English Grammar _on the "Nouns or pronouns, following the verb _to be_; or the words _than, but, cor._ "The verb, noun, or pronoun, is referred to the preceding terms taken names to objects."--_Kirkham cor._ "_Derivative_ words are _formed_ from _or_ verbs, of the singular number only."--_Murray cor._ "Expressing by one cor._ "Participles are words derived from verbs, and convey an idea of the sense."--_Murray cor._ "_The_ placing _of_ the preposition before the word, Murray cor._ "A Pronoun is a word used _in stead_ of a noun, to _prevent_ 11708 Imprisonment of Free State Men. End of Guerrilla War. Removal and Flight of Governor Geary. either the free-State or pro-slavery party is to have Kansas.... Democratic State Convention nominated for Governor of Illinois William constitutional means to slavery in any United States Territory; the the pro-slavery party to form a slave-State seemed to be finally this was to unite the free-State Democrats with the pro-slavery party, several points; the free-State men abstained from voting; the election follows: "Can the people of a United States Territory, in any lawful whereupon Douglas was declared elected Senator of the United States Republicans of the great State of Pennsylvania shall present Mr. Cameron as their candidate for the Presidency, such an indorsement of I shall not call a convention in this State if Lincoln is elected, the message of the President of the United States," explained Mr. Magrath to the South Carolina Convention, "he affirms it as his right, 11736 Gas Engine for Use on Railroads.--The application of six horse power Koerting gas engine to a dummy locomotive.--1 illustration. unfitness of the torpedo boat crews to continue work after the twelve hours is covered by a steel plate, shown in Fig. 1, fitting close to the gun GAS ENGINE FOR USE ON RAILROADS. [Illustration: GAS ENGINE FOR USE ON RAILROADS.] other railways as well, and to this work Major Whistler gave a large part This great work, remarkable for the boldness of its engineering, was to run The wheels were 3½ feet in diameter, but the engine worked With Major Whistler''s work upon the Western Railroad his engineering While the great railroad was the principal work of Major Whistler in For furnace work, where gas is needed in large quantities, it must be made The attention of gas engineers has been forcibly directed to the use of tar 11813 Red book magazine, Feb. 1929) ALLEN, CHARLES E., joint author. home, Jan., Mar.-Apr. 1929) BAGLEY, WILLIAM C., joint author. Woman, Feb. 1929) © 19Jan29, new illus.; 4Apr28; A1069673. Detective story magazine, Jan. 5, CLARK, CHARLES EDWARD, joint author. COCHRANE, WILLIAM A., joint author. Charles James Fox. SEE Drinkwater, John. Mary Baker Eddy (PWH); 16Apr56; Mary Baker Eddy (PWH); 11Jun56; Mary Baker Eddy (PWH); 11Jun56; Mary Baker Eddy (PWH); 11Jun56; EDWARDS, CHARLES WILLIAM, joint (In West, Jan. 23-Feb. 20, 1929) HENRY, MARGARET YOUNG, joint author. JOHNSON, JOHN R., joint author. girl, Mar. 1929) © 20Feb29; World''s work, Jan.-Mar. 1929) Richard Henry Little (A); 8Feb56; Jan., Feb.-Mar., Apr. 1929; by stories, Feb., Apr. 1929) Feb.-Apr., May, June, REEVE, WILLIAM DAVID, joint author. © on new illus.; 21Jun28; A1084014. Mar.-Apr. 1928) © 24Feb28, Jan.-Apr. 1929) © 31Dec28, magazine, Feb.-Apr. 1928) Apr. 6-June 22, 1929) © 16Mar29, magazine, Feb. 1929) © 10Jan29; magazine, Feb. 1929) © 10Jan29; 11822 stories, June-Sept., Oct. 3, 17, home journal, Nov. 1933) © 13Oct33; (Mrs. Helen Tibbets) (A); 29Sep60; magazine, Dec. 1933) © 17Oct33; Smith''s complete stories, Nov. 1, western story magazine, Dec. 30, western story magazine, Dec. 30, western story magazine, Dec. 30, western story magazine, Dec. 30, western story magazine, Dec. 30, western story magazine, Oct. 28, Dec. 1932-Jan. 1933) © 18Nov32, love magazine, Dec. 1933) © 17Oct33; Mrs. Charles Hayden (A); 14Oct60; life, Nov. 1933) © 16Oct33; magazine, Oct. 1933) © 21Aug33; magazine, Aug. 1933) © 19Jul33; magazine, Aug. 1933) © 19Jul33; magazine, Aug. 1933) © 19Jul33; magazine, Aug. 1933) © 19Jul33; review, Oct.-Nov. 1933) © 8Sep33, magazine, Dec. 1933) © 17Nov33; magazine, Dec. 1933) © 17Nov33; magazine, Oct. 1933) © 18Sep33; magazine, Oct. 1933) © 18Sep33; magazine, Oct. 1933) © 18Sep33; magazine, Nov. 1933) © 16Oct33; magazine, Nov. 1933) © 16Oct33; magazine, Nov. 1933) © 16Oct33; magazine, Nov. 1933) © 16Oct33; 11847 30Jan46, B6916; 6Mar46, B11208. magazine, Mar. 1946) © 5Feb46; William Bridges (A); 3Jan73; digest, Apr. 1946) © 22Mar46; Redbook, Feb.-Apr. 1941, as A man''s (In New York times, Apr. 28, 1946) Journal, Mar. 1946) © 27Feb46; journal, Apr. 1946) © 29Mar46; Journal, Feb. 1946) © 30Jan46; Swanee review, Jan.-Mar. 1946) digest, Feb. 1946) © 25Jan46; William Hall (A); 15Jan73; R544419. John Edward Hardy (A); 23Apr73; ABBOTT NEW YORK DIGEST, CONSOLIDATED EDITION. ABBOTT NEW YORK DIGEST, CONSOLIDATED EDITION. (In Story, Jan.-Feb. & John Joseph McNulty (C); 18Jan73; © 30Apr45, AI-28969; 10Jan46, © 30Apr45, AI-28969; 10Jan46, O''Meara (Mrs. John) (A); 11Apr73; New Yorker, Mar. 2, 1946) © 28Feb46; Mrs. John William Rogers (A); End-of-course test in American state Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. Feb. 2, 1946) © 31Jan46; B6447. 11850 magazine, Oct. 1946) © 6Sep46; stories, Oct. 1946) © 6Sep46; Western story, Oct. 1946) © 6Sep46; story, Dec. 1946) © 1Nov46; B48012. magazine, Nov. 1946) © 30Oct46; York Times Company (PWH); 26Aug74; York Times Company (PWH); 26Aug74; York Times Company (PWH); 26Aug74; York Times Company (PWH); 26Aug74; York Times Company (PWH); 26Aug74; Book Publishers (PWH); 16Aug74; book news, Oct.-Nov. 1947) (In Shadow mystery, Oct.-Nov. 1947) stories, Oct. 1947) © 1Aug47; stories, Oct. 1947) © 1Aug47; news, Oct.-Nov. 1947) © 26Sep47; Chilton Book Company (PWH); 15Nov74; Book Company (PWH); 15Nov74; R590689. York Times Company (PWH); 25Nov74; New York Times Company (PWH); 25Nov74; New York Times Company (PWH); 25Nov74; New Yorker, Nov. 1, 1947) © 30Oct47; (In Harper''s magazine, Oct. 1947) © 26Sep47; B98609. (In Harper''s magazine, Oct. 1947) © 26Sep47; B98609. magazine, Dec. 1947) © 28Nov47; magazine, Dec. 1947) © 28Nov47; (In American speech, Oct. 1947) © 1Dec47; B131285. 11854 Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; Publishing Company (PWH); 12Oct76; 12044 Sarah and Angelina Grimké were born in Charleston, South Carolina; and was a merciful dispensation to draw his young wife nearer to God. We read not one word of solicitude for mother, or brothers, or sisters, About the same time Sarah says in her diary: "My dear Angelina observed About this time, Angelina was admitted as a member of Friends'' Society, Soon after Sarah''s return, Angelina went to live with Mrs. Frost, in An Anti-slavery Society meeting was held in Providence while Angelina At the anti-slavery office in New York, Angelina and Sarah learned, the hearts and minds of American women; and to Sarah and Angelina place, that, up to the time when Sarah and Angelina Grimké began their While Angelina was writing these letters, Sarah was publishing her It was fortunate for the anti-slavery cause that Sarah and Angelina Some time later, Angelina writes of another of the family slaves, 12052 He came after dark to bid me good-bye, left love for mother and trial-morning, prayed as soon as my eyes were open, read a chapter, my room to continue my labor; but mother soon came and said: Everything went smoothly for ten days, when my husband came to our room, What I said I do not know, but the old man interrupted me with: Our "Spirit" did not come that week; but soon my husband came to my room said to this man "go," and he went, to that "come," and he came, and to like a white man, dined with State officers in St. Paul, went to church second day came, with a long face, and said: with the man I had come to visit, and he said, in a whisper: Surgeon-General--saw the man who held the lives of my patients in his days among my men, and said: 12101 history of the Negro people in the United States, and to present this years New England was more concerned about Indians than about Negroes, later history of the United States, Negroes were present at a very early white persons and three thousand Negroes, the Company having secured generally as Negro slavery advanced white servitude declined. Generally then, in the South, in the colonial period, the free Negro [Footnote 1: See Williams: _History of the Negro Race in America_, I, Negro men sailed from New York for Africa, November 12, 1774; but the passed a law to the effect that all free Negroes must leave the state to prominent Negroes in the free states bringing in question the general for a long time before the Civil War free Negroes could attend schools in the life of the Negro people in the United States to-day. status of the Negro even in the free states ten years before the Civil 12282 God''s true word_, setting forth his glory, and also man''s duty." remain." Man need not fear to follow in the steps of God. There is danger now in shaking men''s faiths. "For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man; but holy men Religion grows like every form of human life with the growth of man and from the south, and were sitting down in the Kingdom of God. The high-water mark of religion in human history is recorded in these growth of ethical and spiritual religion into perfect form in Jesus Christ God shall take away his part out of the book of life. be pure and clear, is the way to hear the Word of God. To consult the reason of the holy men of old on themes whereon they were general scope of thought in each great Bible-book. 12285 whole of a man''s nature, and leave it, like a sacked city, only a where souls can stand a little while at a time, and where all things "Now, my little heart," said the old woman, when their morning meal was "Well, well," said old Elsie,--"I''m going to leave her here to-day. "Well, Agnes," said the old woman, "I shall come for you after the Ave The natural world, passing through the mind of man, is Why do I think of that time to-night on the Big Blue, far away from I remember--a long time ago it seems, and yet I am not so old as Saul''s From the instant we left the line of man''s art, Saul became another the man who called himself the State, who thought that twenty millions own,--or prove to the great man of a little country town that there 12342 devoted his later years to literature; wrote a life of Dante; works in born in Massachusetts; his chief work "The History of the United States," BARBIER, HENRY, a French satirical poet, born in Paris; wrote BLAKE, ROBERT, the great English admiral and "Sea King," born at House, in Kent; called to the bar, but devoted to literature; was M.P. for Maidstone for six years; lived afterwards and died at Geneva; wrote engineering school) High Court, town hall, bank, museum, university, St. Paul''s cathedral, and many other English Buildings have earned for it the CHARLES I., king of England, third son of James I., born at COURIER, PAUL LOUIS, a French writer, born at Paris; began life as a COURT DE GÉBELIN, a French writer, born at Nîmes, author of a work DONNE, JOHN, English poet and divine, born in London; a man of good KEBLE, JOHN, English clergyman, author of the "Christian Year," born 12369 retired life, revising his old works and composing new ones. So great horror comes over the world: it is likely to Thou, however, shut not thy door till I shall send thee word. thirty-two years of age, whom he a long time persecuted in order to get serious work on their hands had little to do with England''s power, but man writing in his later years, "My whole life has been a succession of me tell you, says he, though he speaks but little, I like the old Fellow walking with him last Night, he asked me how I liked the good Man whom I prize four times with plays of his father; so the poet''s art lived after writing, but for a long time were handed down from generation to student life, at a time when all the world swarmed to the great schools some forlorn place like this old tavern, and dream his life away. 12372 These men saw in the Restoration a hope that the good old times would Her head flew up, her great black eyes wide open, and she said, eagerly, The little wife, our Alice, came running into Kate''s parlor one day, Clarice half opened her palm; she did not like to let the ring pass from "I kept a sharp look out, Clary, all day, but I saw nothing," said Luke, "Clarice is a good girl, Luke Merlyn," said Old Briton, solemnly. Old Briton liked this young man; he could appreciate his excellences When the time of great trouble came, and this man was going out with her great and good man, but we will lay that little before our readers. ----You remember the old story of the tender-hearted man, who placed a ----I think a man must have a good opinion of himself, Sir,--said the 12421 dropped out of common use, and "let" has acquired a different meaning; GOOD USE.--It appears, therefore, that words and phrases, in order to correctly is, How am I to know what words and expressions are in good use? NO ONE BOOK OR WRITER DECISIVE.--Nor is good use to be learned from 3. Make a list of the words, forms, and phrases not in present use which "An" ("a") is a broken-down form of the old English word _ane_, meaning auctioneer sold the goods in ten _lots_." The word does not mean "a great Persons who are in doubt as to which form of the pronoun to use often try _Distinguish in meaning between the following sentences:_-_Distinguish in meaning between the following sentences:_-_Illustrate by original sentences the correct use of each of these words:_ _Illustrate by original sentences the correct use of each of these words:_ 12422 I do not think that a residence on a slave plantation is likely to be dozen young slaves were ready to swing little ''missis.'' ----, think of favourite slaves presented to me, and one or two little negro children, population, who, too poor to possess land or slaves, and having no means Irish free labourers and negro slaves will be permitted to work together never to leave his old father and mother, his poor wife and children, and said I thought female labour of the sort exacted from these slaves, and To-day, for the first time since I left the Rice Island, I went out day, a woman, a creature like themselves, who have borne children too, slaves on the plantation, and has to walk to her field labour, and back slaves on the plantation to the little overseer''s wife; I did not tell my 12423 McMaster''s _School History of the United States_ (N.Y., American Book Eggleston''s _United States and its People_, 91-113 (for colonial life); [Sidenote: The New England Colonies.] [Sidenote: The British soldiers at New York.] of the United States, would make treaties with the new nation, and give [Sidenote: Claims of the states to Western lands. as the British government had treated the people of the original states. [Sidenote: Extent of the United States, 1791.] [Sidenote: Population of the United States, 1791.] [Sidenote: Hamilton''s plan for a United States bank. treaty might also oblige the United States to make war on Great Britain either the British government or the American states to obey the treaty. [Sidenote: Second United States Bank, 1816.] [Sidenote: Joint occupation by United States and Great Britain.] [Sidenote: Free-state constitution.] [Sidenote: Area of the United States, 1860.] [Sidenote: New states. [Sidenote: Confederate states constitution] [Sidenote: Action of the United States.] 12453 "I try to impress this on Miriam all the time," said Mrs. Austin, you have an old head on young shoulders--I always said so; as like your "If you believe every thing that limb of the synagogue tells you, Mrs. Austin, you will have a great deal to swallow, that is all I shall say "Irreverent, very, Evelyn," said my father, looking at her a little "My Miriam always had a good heart," said Mrs. Austin, quite subdued, "Miriam shall leave me no more while life is mine," he said, "be it long "When do you enter the sacred bands of matrimony with Miss Stanbury, Mr. Bainrothe?" asked Evelyn, in her usual, cool, provoking way, sipping a "You will do no such thing, my very dear young friend," said Mr. Bainrothe, advancing and laying his hand lightly on my arm--I shook it "You seem in very good spirits to-day, Miss Monfort," said Mrs. Clayton, 12463 with Mexico, resulting in a treaty of peace, by which the United States of the late Congress of the United States the assent of this Government duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United States of any Mexican Government on citizens of the United States in their persons and of war exists between that Government and the United States:" cause of war against Mexico, and had the United States resorted to this treaty with the United States, to dismember the territory of Mexico by Republic of Mexico a state of war exists between that Government and the Republic of Mexico a state of war exists between that Government and the Upon the declaration of war against Mexico by Congress the United States laws of nations, then, indeed, is the Government of the United States in Government of Mexico of the treaty of peace between the United States 12471 said that very little venison was equal to a haunch of four-year-old remember, many years afterwards at my house in Florence, when he delightful old man, more like an English general officer than any naturally suggested by the personal appearance of the little great man "the good old times," and the Duke was credibly reported to have said long years afterwards social events were dated in Florence as having "What a happy man you must be in having a new house to work at. Mrs. Garrow, my wife''s mother, was not, I think, an amiable woman. to my wife at Florence by Mrs. Browning, who was passing the summer at Landor, as I remember him, was a handsome-looking old man, very much days, and to the end of his life, lived in and for George Eliot. a little niece of nine years old, who generally writes in them, has 12549 great-grandfather was the Rev. Azariah Horton, pastor of a church near school for girls in New York, one day sat down in his room and wrote in my pastorate in the Market Street Church, New York, (from 1853 to Trenton to the Market Street Reformed Church of New York City. resided a little way from me up the street; and I saw the good old man he one day said to me: "Since I have lived in New York I have given away Sabbath afternoon I attended the great prayer meeting in the Free Church When I came to New York as pastor of the Market Street Church, in 1853, seven years'' pastorate in that church I delivered a great many Street Church almost fifty years ago, would seem incredible to the New great church and its well-known Sunday School, is to make people happy 12606 Congress has no power of revoking State laws, as a distinct "Congress shall have power to establish uniform laws on the subject of constitutional power of this government, we look upon the States as one. government and dividing public opinion, sprung out of the new state of people have given power to the general government, so far the grant is _that the judicial power of the United States shall extend to every case In my opinion, Sir, even if the Constitution of the United States had United States be a government proper, with authority to pass laws, and resistance, by the whole power of the State, to laws of Congress, and we know, Sir, that the Constitution of the United States declares, that government and laws of the State were in full force and power, and then the opinion of the government of the United States, does the public law 12653 the war closed, one of the two ruling ideas in Washington''s mind was "Long live George Washington, President of the United States!" Then time, and then Washington felt that the moment had come for the other But Washington was a great man, a state-builder Washington thought of the United States alone. to carry out a new foreign policy in time of general war, with one''s States, and against this idea Washington argued with great force. time, the party organized and led by Jefferson, regarded Washington as major-generals, Washington said to Knox: "No doubt remained in my mind account of the relation of Washington to the two great parties which said that Washington was never misled as to men, either as general or "General Washington lived a great man, and died the same. letter of Washington to on American foreign policy, ii. letters of Washington to, on party government, 247; 12771 Of our public men of the sixty years preceding the war, Henry Clay was appears in politics only as the eloquent champion of the policy of Mr. Jefferson, whom he esteemed the first and best of living men. [Footnote 2: Daniel Webster once said of him in conversation: "Mr. Clay is a great man; beyond all question a true patriot. years in the United States were Henry Clay, John C. other men of his time, to the people of New England. was lord paramount in the great State of New York, and Calhoun was of the present day cannot realize the state of things in the year new United States Bank, Girard waited until the last day for receiving man-of-all-work for the New York papers, daily and weekly, earning but present time it takes an intelligent man a year to learn how to New York as no man of his day knew it. 12800 this point of view, it is possible to contemplate Lincoln''s early days, Lincoln''s position upon the slavery question in this Congress was that therefore did Douglas charge Lincoln with having said "that the Union Pursuing this line, Lincoln alleged the purpose of the pro-slavery men Lincoln, in replying, agreed that "all the States have the right to do Lincoln and the other Republican leaders said that, if slavery extension [106] See remarks of McClure, _Lincoln and Men of War-Times_, 28, 29. Abraham Lincoln was chosen President of the United States Lincoln: "We must not forget that the people of the seceded States, like that "President Lincoln offered him the effective command of the Union sovereign and independent States." "Why," said Mr. Lincoln, "why this [157] Only a few days before this time Lincoln had said that he had no It was very well for Mr. Lincoln to state the 12968 herein granted, shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, _The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall shall be granted by the United States; and no person holding any office power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States._ Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and a office under the United States shall be a member of either house during office under the United States shall be a member of either house during of the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the The Congress of the United States shall have power to adjourn to any 13009 In 1788, after the collapse of an attempt of the people of the "Western District" to set up an independent State by the name of Franklin, the North Carolina Assembly erected the three counties included in the Cumberland settlement into a superior court district; and the person selected for judge was a close friend of Jackson, John McNairy, who also had been a law pupil of Spruce Macay in Salisbury. Jackson''s election to the presidency in 1828 was correctly described by Senator Benton as "a triumph of democratic principle, and an assertion of the people''s right to govern themselves." Jefferson in his day was a candidate of the masses, and his triumph over John Adams in 1800 was received with great public acclaim. 13012 official correspondence of Mr. Buchanan during his residence at St. Petersburg as minister of the United States, a report from the Secretary of the United States, such vessel shall be required to depart and to United States, acting within the limits of existing laws, is sufficient United States and secured by the act of Congress approved April 20, Constitution of the United States and secured by the act of Congress Constitution of the United States and secured by the act of Congress Constitution of the United States and secured by the act of Congress execution of treaties between the United States and foreign nations Whereas the Congress of the United States did, by an act approved on the Government of the United States, but not until a law to carry it into the part of the Government of the United States, but not until the law 13047 "All-eyes;" and one of the boys, a friend of later years, refers to Mr. Webster''s "full, steady, large, and searching eyes." There never was a time at home and abroad, and with the powerful support of Judge Story, Mr. Webster carried his point. convention, combined with the splendid oration at Plymouth to make Mr. Webster the most conspicuous man in New England, with the single exception States as a great and united nation, Mr. Webster was, naturally, "more fond Mr. Webster took the New England position that there was no general power, and mortified Mr. Hayne, who, on the following day, insisted on Mr. Webster''s presence, and spoke for the second time at great length. This great speech marks the highest point attained by Mr. Webster as a Mr. Webster''s action at this time in regard to this great question, which 13155 James Fenimore Cooper, Esq., of Albany, New York, and also to his For rare values, in service and material, special credits are due to Mr. George Pomeroy Keese, Cooperstown, N.Y.; James Fenimore Cooper, Esq., permission of owner, James Fenimore Cooper, Esq. ORIGINAL OTSEGO HALL. ELIZABETH FENIMORE COOPER IN THE OLD HALL HOME. COOPER''S NEW YORK CITY HOME IN BEACH STREET. To a friend William Cooper wrote: "I began life with a small capital The Cooper room of this old stone house, now the home of Mrs. Benedict, [Illustration: COOPER''S FENIMORE FARM HOUSE.] [Illustration: ELIZABETH FENIMORE COOPER IN THE OLD HALL HOME.] tells of a fine, old-time home, beyond the valley below Cooper''s [Illustration: COOPER''S NEW YORK CITY HOME IN BEACH STREET.] General Wilson wrote: "Soon after Bryant went to New York he met Cooper, [Illustration: COOPER''S SUMMER HOME, ST. [Illustration: COOPER''S NEW YORK CITY HOME, ST. 13176 party, or helped forward the Anti-Slavery cause, or hurt the "Anti-Slavery men like Giddings, who supported Clay, were doing a Anti-Slavery lines, the Abolitionists, in Mr. Roosevelt''s opinion, Abolitionists for abandoning the old pro-slavery political parties, In several of his addresses before his election to the Presidency, Mr. Lincoln gave utterance to the following language: "A house divided Chase''s great work for the Anti-Slavery cause was in projecting and Anti-Slavery people opposed separate party action. A meeting that was called to organize an Anti-Slavery society in New A good many Anti-Slavery people believed in it for a time and gave it About the same time Mr. Lincoln stated to a party of Southern While a resident of the slave State of Missouri, I twice voted for Mr. Lincoln, which was some evidence of my personal feeling toward him. treatment of the Anti-Slavery people of the border slave States, and 13304 after seeing this picture, went to him and said: "We cannot be friends; on the way to the forest, Millet''s home stood, on the right of the road. a sadness, as though the very houses felt that a great man had passed boarding-houses." (The writer was, be it said, at that time, scarcely said only half a dozen low words, but they made him turn ghastly white. nomination," Lincoln wrote to Speed, "I shall be fixed a good deal like Mr. Lincoln said: ''This looks more natural than I thought it would after so many years since I worked here.'' During the time spent at Mr. Crawford''s home, Mr. Lincoln went around inspecting everything."[6] the day," and said of Lincoln: "He is a very able, acute, uncouth, looked round him, and said in a questioning voice: "Where are all the My question brought a new look, as the boy''s hands dropped from his 13474 "Ideas are like beards: women and young men have none." And witty Dr. Maginn carries to its extreme the atrocity, "We like to hear a few words of Of course, if women know as much as the men, without schools and colleges, specialty; and the man who thinks of woman only as a wife and mother is apt is wrong in saying, "It is urged that men and women stand on an equality, "In respect to the powers and rights of married women, the law is by "In respect to the powers and rights of married women, the law is by stirred,--for my child, who is a little woman; for all women, that the laws women would vote better or worse than men on general questions, is a minor men," or that "every woman will vote as her husband thinks, and it will one woman, and ten men are stronger than ten women; and the nineteen 13637 A DISCHARGE FROM SERVICE IN BLACK HAWK WAR SIGNED BY ABRAHAM LINCOLN. _This article embodies special studies of Lincoln''s life in New Salem living in New Salem at the time, and who knew personally many of the going away my mother said to him: ''Uncle Abe, I want a picture of As soon as the store was fairly under way Lincoln began to look about many a man who saw him that day for the first time. headed by Black Hawk, had invaded the Rock River country, to the great taken since coming into Illinois was working in a saw-mill for a man "I remember just how those men looked," said Lincoln, "as we rode up Democrats of New Salem worked for Lincoln out of their personal regard last time, saying, "Good-night," and he said, with a look that meant shows Lincoln, even at that age, as a _new man_. 13741 running West eighteen Degrees North in the South Line of said Grant running North eighteen Degrees East in the West Line of said Grant said town of _Groton_, in the same manner as if this Act had not years by Rev. Alexander Young, D.D. The Light House Tavern was built in 1717, and stood on the south side of The Crown Coffee House stood on the south-west corner of State street The George Tavern was built in 1720, and stood on the north-west corner The British Coffee House was built in 1741, and stood on the site of No. 66 State street, afterwards occupied by the Massachusetts Bank. The Julien House was built in 1759, and stood on the north-west corner stood on the north-west corner of Washington street and Worcester place. The Pearl Street House stood on the north-west corner of Milk and Pearl 13789 bitterness wrote to Secretary of State Seward: "That Great Britain did, with the United States, and the one great hope, to the British minds, of [Footnote 7: The people of the British North American Provinces regarded [Footnote 19: _Notes on the United States of North America during a Southern States would soon follow this example, British opinion believed as affecting British policy during the American Civil War will be language implied that the United States desired war, and Seward''s plan influenced relations greatly in the earlier years of the Civil War. On May 20, the day before Seward''s No. 10 was dated, Lyons wrote a long Thus Russell would not have Great Britain go to war with America without relating to the Civil War in the United States of North America," No. 20. relating to the Civil War in the United States of North America," No. 20. 13911 February Twenty-second of the following year was born a man child and they younger in life a man makes the resolve to turn and live, the better for Long years ago when society was young, learning was centered in one man in the very richest men in the Colony--for at that time there was not a man At that time the rich men of New England were hurriedly making their way Thirty-three years after, hale old John Adams down at Quincy spoke of him John Quincy Adams was six years old when his father kissed him good-by and When eight years of age, his mother called him the little man of the then have gone right on, but his father was a Harvard man, and the New was twenty-nine and Samuel Adams fifty-two years old, but they became good friends, and Samuel once quietly said to John Adams, "That man Jay is 13942 The brave man or the brave woman is one who looks life in the eye, and "Why, I have thought a great many times I would come," said the visitor, young man that arose in my early day, and until I was forty years of certainly has done some good things in his life-time, said to me: "You children who died a long life-time ago; of the sisters--Sarah Hutchinson It is not in human nature for a man who has been hard at work all day to If you want to do good in the world, the little word "Try" comes in ninety-eight years of the life of a woman whose deeds were great in the him, "that he could not be said to be a good man, but he had a great rights of man, looking beyond the mobs of kings and lords to the great 13956 American cities, old and new, great and small. country looked on in supreme good-humor, and the day came in its as if with fire; while the little one looked like a rose, the white "This evening," said Leam, not looking into his face. "Is this love?" said Leam turning away her head, her whole being "It is time," said Edgar, still holding her hand. "Not to that," said innocent Leam in the same grave way; and Edgar "No," said Leam, with her happy little fleeting smile: "I am glad to hand like a tame bird," was Edgar''s thought as he watched her slender, told me you loved me," said Edgar, drawing himself a little back and "The flowers and the sky," said Leam, raising her eyes and looking My father uttered a little cry, took a step back, looked at David, "Good-bye, David," said Raissa, leaving the room with her father. 14004 standing before him said: ''Mr. President, you don''t know me.'' Mr. Lincoln eyed him sharply for a moment, and then quickly replied with a Lincoln''s old friends that he often said while still an obscure man, for the Presidency, in the year 1848, Lincoln made a speech in Congress a warm friend of the ex-President, says that Lincoln was at his best. General Linder states that Lincoln said to of Pittsburgh, afterwards the great War Secretary of President Lincoln''s Lincoln Chosen President--The Election of 1860--The Waiting-time at Lincoln Chosen President--The Election of 1860--The Waiting-time at Lincoln at the Helm--First Days in Washington--Meeting Public Men Lincoln at the Helm--First Days in Washington--Meeting Public Men A good story of President Lincoln and General Scott is reported by In a further comparison of the two men, General Grant said: "Lincoln was 14182 the people of the respective States of every power of regulating the United States shall, before the Christian nations of the earth, John Adams, second President of the United States, was not a man of civil government, for that compound nation, the United States of the laws of nature and of God, written upon the heart of man; the needed powers were such as no State government, no combination of United States, shall be the supreme law of the land. all that belongs to our present life, when the Son of Man shall come question whether the people of this country shall be allowed to day no such thing as political party in the United States:-the Congress of the United States power "to make all laws which But Congress has power to make all laws which shall be establishment of the government of the United States, and all great 14237 mother of all home delights, yea, of all the love of life. God." Parents should provide for the religious wants of their children. parents their high prerogative as stewards of God; and you heathenize home, parents and children Will appreciate the religious ministrations of home. The promises of God bear testimony to the influence of the Christian home. upon those children who enjoy the benefits of a faithful Christian home. Here is a picture of the true child of God in his tent-home on earth, and parent, that it is a duty to have little children dedicated to God in The duty then of Christian parents to give their children a true development of God''s laws for the Christian home. Those which God has given to the family; and those which Christian parents them unto God. Parents often bestow upon their children all their love, and 14295 letters, the important case of authors _versus_ readers--makers of books received as much as was paid to the author of the "Sketch Book." The books, and not with their producers, whether authors or publishers. if we admitted the claims of foreign authors, the prices of books would be from the works of men who have labored for the world without receiving, For thousands of years working men, collectors of facts and millions, with a demand for books probably ten times greater than at the works of English authors, and yet even that small sum does not appear contrast with the limited sale of English books at home, is the great If the sales of books were as great in England as they are here, English authors must be "required" to present their books in American "mode and the demand, and many more books will be produced, the authors of all of 14510 Old Middle State type of American-Irish Protestant, 39 into the domestic affairs of Great Britain and Ireland as did Mr. Gladstone into the domestic affairs of the United States when, speaking any theory of government in Ireland, I took things great and small, and for them, not in Ireland, but in America, not to Mr. Parnell and Mr. Gladstone primarily, but to Mr. Davitt and Mr. Henry George. The year 1878 saw the "Home Rule" movement in Irish politics brought to all-fours with the policy of the Irish Land League established by Mr. Davitt, and accepted by Mr. Parnell. leader in Ireland of the Irish revolutionary movement, Mr. Davitt, came political party in Ireland, in Great Britain, or in the United States, "Well, Father M''Fadden was a good man; he was a friend of the people; between "the American people" and "the Irish nation in America." 14555 "New England Anti-Slavery Society." He would sail under no false or the Board of Managers of the New England Anti-Slavery Society notified agent of the New England Anti-Slavery Society. storehouse of anti-slavery facts the "Life of Garrison" by his children. same month, a New England anti-slavery convention was held in Boston, anti-slavery movement throughout the free States. everywhere through the free States that the anti-slavery reform was anti-slavery instrument and leader close beside William Lloyd Garrison. over anti-slavery circles in New England; for at the time of his death of the New England Anti-Slavery Society, or of the national organization New England Anti-Slavery Society voted to admit women to equal anti-slavery movement, Garrison had some personal experiences of a anti-slavery societies, Garrison discontinued the publication of the New England Anti-Slavery Society, 137-141, 200, New England Anti-Slavery Society, 137-141, 200, New England Anti-Slavery Society, 137-141, 200, 14584 [Footnote 8: Respecting relations between the United States and France.] [Footnote 51: Relating to the capture of Danish vessels by United States [Footnote 67: Relating to affairs between the United States and Great [Footnote 67: Relating to affairs between the United States and Great [Footnote 69: Relating to affairs between the United States and France.] [Footnote 115: Transmitting accounts of United States ministers, [Footnote 121: Transmitting extract of a letter from the United States I transmit to the Senate a report[126] of the Acting Secretary of State, [Footnote 141: "If any citizen of the United States shall accept, claim, I transmit to the Senate of the United States a report[176] of the I transmit to the Senate of the United States a report[176] of the If any vessel of the United States, public or private, shall be President of the United States shall be, and he is hereby, authorized 14721 Slave Law, and even menace the institution of slavery in the States right to take and hold slaves in the free States, demand the revival of Union as a slave State, I shall oppose it. slavery in Illinois; and, to-day, a large party in the free State of Compromise which secured to slavery a great State as well as a political into the Union as a slave State, and that slavery was weeded out by the shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new, North to-day--that the people of a Territory have no right to exclude slavery people to make a State constitution,--all that portion of time popular only to the Constitution of the United States." Thereupon Judge Douglas slavery is to be made national, let us consider what Judge Douglas is the rights of all the States and Territories and people of the nation; 14849 Lord God, I come to thee for help that the small things may not force Lord God, help me to lay my life in the rocks of thy foundation, and Loving Father, I thank thee that thou art the same yesterday, to-day, Lord God, teach me the way and show me the light of the eternal day; Loving Father, help me to live a simple and noble life. Eternal God, I praise thee, that "thy love is broader than the measure Thou shalt rejoice in all the good which Jehovah thy God hath given Almighty God, help me to kindle my life by the shining light of thy Lord God, I come to thee for help, that I may make more of my life. Loving Father, help me to live, that my spirit may always dwell in thy Almighty God, I pray that thou wilt help me to correct my life to-day 14964 readers as desire a more extended account of the later life of Gen. Garfield, I refer to these well-written and instructive works. "That is too long for a boy of your age to work," said his mother "Mr. Bates," said Mrs. Garfield, as she followed out the young teacher, For the sake of economy the boys were to board themselves, and Mrs. Garfield with provident heart supplied James with a frying-pan, and a "General Garfield and I were like brothers," he said, as he turned from "Gen. Garfield was a remarkable boy as well as man. most intimate friend of his boyhood, of James Garfield''s way of life, Another member, turning to Garfield, said: "How do we know, young man, inform me.'' Turning to the boy he said: ''Young man, mind your teacher, Henry James says: "Garfield taught me more than any other man, living 15018 Number; Size; Purposes; Government; Citizens; Rights; Duties; Officers; Duties; Government; Corporate Power; Officers; Legislative Department; States county officers are elected by the direct vote of the people; in its own officers, except that in most States the people elect a The terms of the State officers elected by the people are usually alike 1. Why do not the people of the United States make their laws in faithfully execute the office of President of the United States; and the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of shall exercise the office of President of the United States. holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not 15063 in New York but in sundry other great cities. American business men, had abandoned his affairs for half a day in order happened with the streets and avenues of New York. [Illustration: THE SKY-SCRAPERS OF LOWER NEW YORK AT NIGHT] American, I assert that the unreality of New York escaped me. appeared to me that New York was quite a real city, and European that the streets of every American city I saw reminded me on the whole said of the streets of New York applies, in my superficial opinion, for sight-seeing American in Europe that I had seen his Capitol in thirty about the best thing in Boston being the five o''clock train to New York charm the stranger''s eye in the great central houses of New York, and world-renowned New York-Chicago train; indeed, it would not be a gross city like New York by the eccentricity of its taxicab organization must 15117 "By-the-way, talking of magnetism, do you know, Miss Harz, I think you said that, "Take him for all in all, we ne''er shall look upon his like "The poor man is so fagged out," said Mrs. Clayton, as she brought in my have to merge her mind in things like these; and saw, for the first time "Look up, Miss Monfort, and listen to me," said Mrs. Clayton, at last, "The child shall come to you, Miss Monfort, whenever you wish," said "He is one who has loved you long, lady," said the man, sadly, speaking "You seem in very good spirits to-day, Miss Monfort," said Mrs. Clayton, I turned for one moment with an involuntary feeling of appeal to Mrs. Clayton, but her cold, green eyes were quivering in accordance with the key, you know, and can come when he likes; for my part, I shall go in to 15125 Passing from the Chinese city through the Great Central Gate we China, a tripod of empire, the hub of the universe, as the Chinese overlooking the Great River, I spent three years as aid to the viceroy conquests in China to the south of the "Great River" is still wanting, China; and its first act was the so-called Opium War (1839-42). which the Chinese emperors had permitted foreigners to open as as a mission field by the boom of British cannon in the Opium War. China was not opened; but five gates were set ajar against her of war and assured French people in China that if they refrained order of things open on China with a new century! They were not, like the Peking princes, ignorant Tartars, but Chinese with China; and they have made foreign nations known to the Chinese. to have the first place in the making of a New China. 15140 to choose Washington''s Birthday as a time for general thanksgiving and Long live great Washington! "To Washington." That great, that gloriously disinterested man has, place in the country remembering Washington''s Birthday in this year American minds of the true significance of Washington either as man or The commemoration of any one great event in the life of Washington and Washington was forty-three years old, which was the right age for I have seen General Washington, that most singular man--the soul and Yesterday the great Patriot Washington took a solemn charge of the General Washington stopped at the end to let Mr. Adams pass to the Three times Washington''s character saved the country; once by keeping up his time in the drama of nations, and preserve the name of Washington, regard our country as personated in the spirit of Washington, if we GREAT GEORGE WASHINGTON[25] Our country''s hero--Washington. 15161 United States and Great Britain--The road to the "New Land" open--Astor man--Promising opening of a brilliant career--Retirement of Mr. Riggs--Growth of the business--A branch house in London--Mr. Peabody re-election--Closing years of a great career--Personal appearance--Leigh times--Removal of the Powers family to the West--The new paintings--Returns to New York--Success in America--The Government said to have been the first man in New York who kept a regular stock of retail dry goods store in New York, and began business on a humble The energy, industry, patience, and business tact displayed by Mr. Stewart during these first years of his commercial life brought him profits for that time to the poor of the city of New York. time in the country towns of New England, carried on in his family some Some years ago a gentleman having business with the great house of seven years old when he began, and though so young, he worked hard, 15162 descendants of these colonists were Matthew Thornton, Henry Knox, Gen. John Stark, Hugh McCulloch, Horace Greeley, Gen. George B. of the Scottish colony in New Jersey was George Scot or Scott (d. Campbell, William Graham, James Waddell (the "Blind Preacher"), John Scott, Samuel Carrack, John Montgomery, George Baxter, William Scots: Robert Brisbane, Alexander M''Cauley, Patrick M''Kie, William Logan, John Sinclair, James Grindlay, Alexander Baron, and Charles President, was descended from David McKinley, an Ulster Scot, born later Governor of Georgia, was descendant of John George Gordon and John Alexander Logan (1826-86), of Ulster Scot parentage, was later Great War. John McArthur, born in Erskine, Scotland, in 1826, States for three generations, from the Revolution to the Civil War. Alexander Murray (1755-1821), grandson of a Scot, took an active part was born in New York city, son of Dr. William Bruce, head of the Geology in the University of Iowa, born in Wigtownshire; John James 15263 William is twenty-five years of age, unmistakably colored, good-looking, His good friend returned to Baltimore the same day the box man started unmolested, reached the boat safely, and was secreted in a box by Wm. Bagnal, a clever young man who sincerely sympathized with the slave, Henry is of a brown skin, a good-looking young man, only nineteen years years ago his wife was "sold away to Georgia" by her young master; since Charles Henry was a good-looking young man, only twenty years of age, James was a likely-looking young man of twenty years of age, dark, tall, colored man, a white woman and a child, ten years old. slave life William said: "I was sold four times; twice I was separated James left his poor wife, and three children, slaves perhaps for life. At this time Henry was about twenty-four years of age, but a man of more 15391 shall meditate any infringement of the State constitutions, the great their proper, constitutional objects; the laws of the States are supreme powers given to the general government by this Constitution. Constitutional government in the United States began, in its national possible powers of the new federal government for evil, and made use of If the people of the United States wish this House to carry the treaty vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or admitted by the Congress, into this Union; but no new State shall be Constitution by the General Government, a State may interpose; and that good, and the Government holds of the people, and not of the State but the Constitution declares that no State shall make war. Constitution and the laws of the United States is declared. under the Constitution and laws of the United States." These two 15392 On The Slavery Question--United States Senate, national government over the institution of slavery within the States, By its terms Missouri was admitted as a slave State, and slavery was was admitted as a free State; the slave trade, but not slavery, was slavery in a new State that may be admitted into the Union; every part or condition of the act admitting a new State into the Union, they as new States into the Union, without a provision, by which slavery power by which Congress excluded slavery from the States north-west of the laws prohibiting slavery in the old States become the subject of powers vested by the Constitution of the United States in their Congress the Constitution, recognizing the existence of slavery in the States, through Slavery States became part of the slave power. principle of State rights by which Slavery is protected in the slave 15394 delivered in the United States Senate at the opening of the Civil war United States were followed by an act of the Confederate Congress the Confederate States claiming to be at war with a foreign power, the Constitution of the United States was then in force in South Carolina; to him, if the President of the United States has power, or ought to Mr. President, the honorable Senator says there is a state of war. true that the Constitution of the United States does adopt the laws of not governments of the States, republican under the Constitution. and form a State government under the Constitution; or Congress must Union, their constitutions are untouched, their State governments are asserts the power of Congress in changing the State governments to be as Congress or the Government of the United States may see fit to nation, to admit new States, to guarantee republican governments to 15488 showing that woman in colonial days knew love and passion, felt longing Fisher and the J.B. Lippincott Company (_Men, Women and Manners in Colonial Days_), Ralph L. WOMAN''S LIFE IN COLONIAL DAYS WOMAN''S LIFE IN COLONIAL DAYS the life of a child or a wife or a mother of the Puritan colonies with opinion when she says in her _Child Life in Colonial Days_: "The As Fisher says in his _Men, Women and Manners in Colonial Times_: If the letters and other writings describing home life in those old days Over those great fire-places of colonial times many a wife presented Such quotations should prove that home life in colonial days was no show how deeply women had come to influence the life of New England by hue and cry among colonial men that we may hear to-day--that women are Is it not evident that at least in some instances women in colonial days 15508 prairies of Illinois, it was Senator Douglas, and not Mr. Lincoln, who Illinois, was taken by certain Democrats, foremost among whom was S.A. Douglas, Esq. His rise as a politician, indeed, coincides with this convention of young Democrats failed, for want of support, Douglas with a view to admitting new States, Douglas replied that the leaving the slavery question to the people of the new State was [Footnote 329: Letter of Breese to Douglas, Illinois _State Register_, [Footnote 331: Letter of Douglas to Breese, _State Register_, January followed, in the course of which Douglas was forced to state his own Within a week, Douglas''s friends of the Illinois State after two days of debate, Douglas again had his way: the Senate voted between the Illinois senators followed, in the course of which Douglas [Footnote 581: Political Debates between Lincoln and Douglas, pp. Illinois _State Register_, on Douglas, 46, 81-82; 15534 Douglas, the law student, the new school teacher, was coming; and all But though Douglas looked like a man while seated, My first words to Reverdy were concerning Zoe; but Douglas at In truth Reverdy and Douglas had not come to see me about Zoe, but to eye, to see Douglas and to hear him talk about all these things. Douglas said that the search was useless; that if Zoe was in Chicago several times of telling Douglas that I had found Zoe. I wanted to I saw a good deal of Dorothy at Reverdy''s; she came to my house on Douglas was thirty; Reverdy had passed forty; Zoe was dead. books, the new city of Chicago, the destiny of America, and Douglas. Mrs. Clayton said: "Reverdy has told me so much of Douglas. "You do not like Douglas, do you, Reverdy?" I asked, as we turned away. 15854 generous living and fine society, the "good old colony days when we Virginia and New England, says Lowell, were the "two great distributing life in Virginia as the town-meeting was in New England. The book which best sums up the life and thought of this old New English colonies in North America; the old French and Indian wars; the 1771, lived a part of his life in New York and part in his native city, life--it was, at all events, a genuine New England literature and true published a good share of the best work done by American writers within living American poets, is, like Holmes, a native of Cambridge, and, the poet of autumn, of the American October and the New England Indian life of the New England country-side. as society studies of life at American watering-places like Nahant and American life that he describes a Boston horse-car or a New York hotel 15872 the power of his State in the national councils, to have a great man political power of the South--especially in the United States Senate, At the time, it was asserted he was the brother-in-law of Mr. Adams, and knowing that some of the banks in which Crawford had the frankness of his nature he said: "Aleck came, when a young man, to were his brothers-in-law, and were men of high character and great people''s man, and had in his nature very little in common with the most of the leading men of the day, turned to him as a man of great great, and the life of such a man creates a public sentiment which, the Natchez in the country at that time, and the old man has many "I shall be sure to come," said the young man, "and suppose I bring From that day forward, Prentiss was the great man of the House and of 15930 Because of the recognized value of Edward Bok''s life-story, the present approval of Mr. Bok, tell the story of the Dutch boy in the American business manager for a popular American actress, Edward Bok was called Edward Bok, knows well that America stands ready to accept any man, This younger boy was Edward William Bok. He had, according to the this little kindness for the young foreigner, but Edward Bok and his Like most boys, Edward wanted a little money now and then for spending, There have since been other red-letter days in Edward Bok''s life, but Edward Bok had not been office boy long before he realized that if he And then, taking the train for New York, Edward Bok went home, sitting All this time, while Edward Bok was an editor in his evenings he was, On October 20, 1889, Edward Bok became the editor of _The Ladies'' Home 15984 Washington Irving was born in the city of New York, April 3, 1783. settling in New York William Irving quit the sea and took to trade, in New York at the time of our author''s birth was a rural city of about Irving''s first literary publication was a series of letters, signed Irving at this time of life seemed always waiting by the pool for some Irving to write for him a love-letter, containing an offer of his heart The business of the Irving brothers soon absorbed all Washington''s time The most anxious time of Irving''s life was the winter of 1815-16. family at Birmingham, Irving tarried for a few days at a country place long as Irving remained in Spain, and gave to his diplomatic life I feel that this study of Irving as a man of letters would be was the great achievement of Irving''s life. 16028 its day was long since past, could still find its home in the great a work of two hours, the men labored in silence, and the French, presently came up, haggard and wild, like men broke loose from the jaws came our good general himself, with fifty soldiers, very tired, like all gave the Lord a thousand thanks for the great favors he had received murder-loving race looked with great respect on Menendez for his "It''s no time now for him to be forming new habits," said she, in answer As the new year (1770) came in, the people were looking forward to a soon deliver us from this great evil!" Samuel Adams said, "The troops ten thousand men on the Common." "The people in general," Tyler said, The withdrawal of the troops caused great surprise in England, and long Nature, the great Republic must be broken, in order to found a new power 16124 long ago, are to look out upon a different scene--a new race come in the you''ve come back?" a voice said in her ear; and looking round Eve Reuben gave a look of disavowal, and Eve continued, adding with a little his coming, so I thought I''d leave the telling till another time. rushing waters, the words the judge has said come booming back and back In a comparative sense, we look in vain for old churches in a new disappointed this year for a particular place waits until the time comes sort of a counting-room in New York and makes money, giving Mrs. Leare Hermione herself, Claribel her little sister, Mrs. Leare and the old Each day I went several times to make inquiries, and twice I saw Mrs. Leare in bed, but Hermione was invisible. Baubie Wishart''s eyes, looking out from beneath her tangle of hair like 16227 DEDICATION OF NEW YORK STATE GEOLOGICAL HALL. the New State Geological Hall, at Albany,--in the hope that the marked feature in the ceremonies was the magnificent Oration of the Hon. EDWARD EVERETT, inaugurating the Dudley Observatory of Albany; and it is Of the New York State Survey he said:-of the motions of all the heavenly bodies; and the eye of science, reflect honor on the science of any country and any age; I mean the instrumental power; but the want was generally felt by men of science, 2. The second great practical use of an Astronomical Observatory is instrumental power, and of the means of ascertaining the ship''s time At the second dawn of science, the great fact again beamed into the mind There are occasions in life in which a great mind lives years of rapt NEW PERIODS IN ASTRONOMICAL SCIENCE. the advancement of science, to the increase of instrumental power. 16317 time and in importance is that the man should be and think and feel more specific way; but through all these chapters on an art which Mr. Gladstone believed to be more powerful than the public press, the note speaker makes his big words stand out like mountain peaks; his well-prepared written speech the emphatic word usually comes at one end inanimate force--the power of man, coming from within and expressing Emerson said: "When a man lives with God his voice shall be as sweet as the right hand of God to guide the way with loving word, as 4. Deliver a short speech on "The Power of Will in the Public Speaker." In coming years when men seek to draw the moral of our great Civil War, They mean that the people shall have the power to make our land each day A rich man''s son cannot know the very best things in human life. 16323 But there comes a time, in the course of a nation''s existence, when the exercising the civil power in times of peaceful national life, or The Government of the United States is the servant of its people. The people of the United States inaugurated a government, the best judgments of this present time, and showing Lilly to be a man William Lilly''s History of his Life and Times, with Notes by Mr Ashmole; The bonds issued by the State of Mississippi to the Planters'' Bank were Finally, God be praised, the time has come for leaving school; a new not pertain to the Bank of the United States in its best days. a currency of bank notes, issued by local institutions under State bank note circulation depends on the laws of thirty-four States and time has come when a circulation of United States notes, in some proposes a United States note circulation, furnished to banking 16508 country''s history and development in terms of its great men. The life-work of the great navigator practically ended on the day he That victory ended the war for a time, and Washington returned to great elm on Cambridge Common, he took command of his army, and began brilliant victory really ended the war, although two years passed before army of the United States, and was given command of the Department of men-of-war to Charleston harbor and collecting a force of United States admitted to the bar, 1803; entered New York State Senate, 1812; United days later, Lee surrendered his army to General Grant. major-general, 1863; member of Congress, 1863-80; elected United States served in Civil War and was brevetted brigadier-general; United States his men, and was surprised and captured by an Indian war-party. Two years later came the great trial of his life, when he was called 16598 THIS HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR IS REINFORCED Fighting Men--Hold 20 Percent of American Lines--Terror to Germans--Only of the American Negro in the Great World War" was returned to us from THE BEST HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR, THAT AS named: A History of the American Negro in the Great World War. Beyond HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR regiment manned and officered entirely by Negroes, the 15th New York being a special and highly efficient Negro branch of the Y.M.C.A. Numerous others were attached to the War Camp Community Service in capturing the British officer, Major General Prescott at Newport, R.I. Primus Babcock received an honorable discharge from the army signed by Officers and men of the 369th New York colored regiment awarded the infantry in the Spanish-American war, the Negro was forced to rest under 16691 invented New York." The author is indebted to the Fifth Avenue When, in "The Story of a New York House," the late H.C. Bunner described the little square of green jutting into the waters of house at Ninth Street and Fifth Avenue Hone went attired as Cardinal houses on the Avenue that a few years later the clubs were to occupy and of Thirty-fourth Street and Fifth Avenue, and by contrast, the Old The great showman was living in a brown-stone house on Fifth Avenue, at At one time the New York Club was housed there, and there, House, then at the corner of Fourth Avenue and Fourteenth Street, the a house at the corner of Madison Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street, the Street long before the "Old Masters" of New York went there to work, and associated with New York was standing before the Ninth Street house, of 16741 "Here comes Uncle Bacchus now, Mr. Barbour," said Alice; "do look at him "Long time, sir," said Bacchus; "like as not he''ll never see old Aunt Peggy "Master," said Bacchus, pushing Mark off, "I don''t like de way you speak to "''You got some good blood out of her,'' said I, ''at any rate,'' for Mrs. Brown was wiping her hands, and the blood looked red and healthy enough; "''Good evening, Mrs. White,'' said I, for the old lady was sitting on the ''Now I want to know!'' said Mrs. White; ''why I thought it made me look like a fright.'' "Look here, Phillis," said Bacchus, going to the door as fast as the "You never worked a bit in the night time, Aunt Peggy," said Phillis; "and no, uncle," said Alice; "he is a good old fellow, and looks so "Poor Aunt Phillis!" said Mrs. Weston, looking after him, "I hope she will 16873 the law of nature and of nations, or as free and independent states by agency-government, of a universal right of free states to be connected nature and of nations, of a universal conditional right of free states universal conditional right of self governing free states to be universal conditional right of independent free states to be justiciar common and universal Law of Connections and Unions of Free States is law of nature and of nations there is a universal right of free law of nature and of nations there is a universal right of free rightful connection with the free and independent State of Great had power, as Justiciar, over the American Free States, for the common had power, as Justiciar, over the American Free States, for the common of the Law of Connections and Unions of Free States, upon all the principles of the Law of Connections and Unions of Free States, as 16906 used at the present day.[1] The late Mr. Tazewell thought that his name year, to his care; and with Mr. Wythe young Tazewell lived until that Young Tazewell at an early age entered the college of William and Mary, remained at the bar ten years after the retirement of Tazewell; that he When, in 1802, Tazewell appeared at the Norfolk bar, party politics were with pain and sadness, but which has such a connection with Mr. Tazewell, that I, a Norfolk man, addressing Norfolk men, cannot pass it case on its great points; but it is probable that Mr. Tazewell had taken the office of delivering a discourse on the life and character of Mr. Tazewell, I said to the meeting that, from the state of my eyes, I could three years of the time during which Mr. Tazewell was a member of the 16960 Constitution of the United States was to commit to Congress the power to The Congress drew up a declaration of American rights and stated in states save New York went on record in favor of severing their political The new state constitutions in their broad outlines followed colonial By the new state constitutions the signs and symbols of royal power, of the United States and will form a new epoch in our political course.... act in the name of the United States; it limits the powers of Congress new confederates to govern the East, and finally the Western states, Congress was also conferred the power of admitting new states; whenever state questions the lawfulness of any act of the federal government, it _The United States in Our Own Time_, or in Paxson, _The New Nation_ accepted the new government as lawful, the United States steadily 17112 COURTSHIP.--Every man ought to be in love a few times in his life, God will not suffer man to have the knowledge of things to come; for A foe to God was never true friend to man.--YOUNG. A good man is kinder to his enemy than bad men are to their friends. Great minds, like heaven, are pleased in doing good, If thou desire the love of God and man, be humble; for the proud Before man made us citizens, great nature made us men.--LOWELL. A good wife is heaven''s last best gift to man; his angel and minister By doing good with his money, a man as it were stamps the image of God A man''s true wealth is the good he does in this world.--MOHAMMED. The best rules to form a young man are, to talk little, to hear much, The best rules to form a young man are, to talk little, to hear much, 17217 family; but in time, I believe, he began to like me the better for my time, and laboring upon the average about sixteen hours a day, while Mr. Pierpont struck out boldly for a far-off perilous and rocky shore, with Some men have no right to perform great deeds, or think high thoughts; and his long-dead wife and family, and one old man who was a little years old, shyly opened the door, and looked relieved, I thought, to boy, apparently about fourteen years old, with a form like that of the good news, old man?" room was certainly as much like old times as if the thing had happened World,--events that took place in the same year, and but a short time it was in the power of a government like the Austrian to exert a great great deal in the coarse fashion of the good old times. 17245 meal, and accordingly his dinner makes its appearance sometimes as early the case is different as regards the hours assigned to _dinner-parties_, meetings are good for men in society: but so far as the meal itself shillings never came back--perhaps people did not think so small a sum ''O no, father,'' said Mary: ''it is long since we had a guinea.'' ''to the manner born;'' for poor John Glegg had, as he said, had plenty of in the free country air: not that Mary minds work, but the worst is, ''Honest, is she?'' said Mr Benjamin, looking Glegg in the face. Little deemed Leah that morning, as she handed Mary her quart of meal be preferable to shut the said door or leave it open. striking contrast to the state of things in the ''old country.'' I liked, great ''mass meeting,'' called for the first day of the strike; and all 17274 In his vision he saw good men as Great Hearts, to whom crowded close man shall be as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land; a shelter a roll were these words: "While God gives me life each day shall a man Evermore man receives what he first gives to nature and society and God. History is rich in interpretation of this principle. truly great man takes long steps by God''s side, has the courage of the The time-principle holds equally in man''s social and industrial life. Back of Africa''s new life stands a great heart named richness, it emphasizes the sympathy and love of God. Each man paints stand forth as a great opportunity for loving hearts. Life holds no motive for stimulating gentleness in man like the thought like divine love in the heart of man, and at last that force will 17444 Colonel Scott turned the command of the fort over to Brigadier-General force, and meeting General Scott, said to him, "The enemy is General Scott''s orders were to march on the forts, as information had General Scott received great attention from prominent military men in of United States troops at Camp Twiggs, General Scott and staff with General Scott ordered Colonel Smith, of the Louisiana volunteers, to "_Major-General Scott, of the United States Army, sends to the major general, United States volunteers; Lieutenant Francis Taylor, President--General Scott''s letters regarding William Henry President--General Scott''s letters regarding William Henry a large portion of his force was ordered to join General Scott at Vera General Scott, knowing the President''s great desire to have the war received, Major-General Scott turns over the command of the army to the President to relieve General Scott from command of the army. Winfield Scott, major general commanding in chief the army in Mexico, 17485 of the Blue Ridge Mountains, and comprises the counties of _Loudoun_, Coast-line, and divides Loudoun from Clarke County, Virginia, and Point of Rocks, Md., and near the Potomac, 3 miles north of Leesburg, destroyed by order of General Lee and for some years afterward Loudoun Leesburg, a fine old town, the county-seat of Loudoun, lies at the The following table gives the population of Loudoun County The negro population of Loudoun County for the same periods was: The total number of neat cattle in Loudoun County reported June 1, Loudoun headed the list of Virginia counties in number of lambs under Of the 100 counties in Virginia, Loudoun ranked third in corn acreage boundary christened "Loudoun County." The new line followed the stream inhabitants of the said county of Loudoun at the time of its the County of Loudoun, in the Colony of Virginia, held at 17700 slavery and the slave-trade in the United States of America were doomed preventing the fitting out of slave-trade expeditions in United States national act against the slave-trade became a law.[36] It was designed "to prohibit the carrying on the Slave Trade from the United States to the prohibitory State laws, the African slave-trade to the United States States had declared the African slave trade illegal, and passed that the duty of the United States in the matter of the slave-trade "has "An Act to prevent the importation of Slaves into the State of New "An Act to prohibit the carrying on the Slave Trade from the United "An act to prohibit the further importation of slaves into this state." carrying on the Slave Trade from the United States to any foreign place laws of the United States, prohibiting the slave trade: _Provided_, that Slavery and the Domestic Slave Trade in the United States. 17723 momentous time.'' He turned suddenly towards me and said, ''You believe in class of people I met in Boston and New York thought of it, and then four children living at the time of his death,--John Forrester, born Nov. 26, 1850; Elizabeth Loring, born July 29, 1852; Edith, born April 5, Near the north end, at Lincoln square, are the Court-House voted, "that a school-house be built in the centre half, and that said school-house built in Worcester, and it stood at the north end of Main of one of the three great State papers of modern times, by the light of When the war was over Lincoln returned to New Salem, his home in Lincoln a seat in the United States Senate; but it set other men''s minds which was on her own church in Boston, the New Old South. History of the People of the United States, and also a new volume of 17724 years old, a guard was posted on the day of the fight and before it JOHN PHILLIPS, the only son of William and Margaret, was born in Boston The next year the town of Boston, which then contained nearly forty-five chief curiosity of Hingham to-day is the second meeting-house, known as cemetery near the Old Meeting-house, characteristic of the man in its The great publishing house has just inaugurated a new tenure of life as He travelled much; and one day in a sunny English year came to the town city of Boston; and, as I had worked all that time with hardly a thought Returning from the post office that afternoon to the old farm house, I of the Old State House, from the east end, the home of the Society; Old State House has been successful, and another similar publication is 17726 While he has always been a close and devoted student of the law, Mr. Paine has yet found time for general reading, and has hung for many an Three years ago the old State House in Boston was restored to its excellent three volume work of Mr. Wells, Adams'' great grandson, then, quickly working his way to the State House, took his stand in the printed volume of the Society contains the following papers:--"General the old towns people moved away in disgust, and the new took the place "The United States to-day," said Miss Field, "is responsible for continued his good work for the general opening of the country around the work, as a text-book of history, into very many schools. the matter of book illustrations, and it makes the work both best stories by popular American authors, are published at the low price Among the new books by this favorite author, which Sunday-school 17857 first book of any kind written and printed in America for children;--an some Instruction with a little Book upon them." To children accustomed of a little Quakeress furnished the Philadelphia children with a book approach of the little gilt story-books which ten years later were to [Illustration: _John Newbery''s Advertisement of Children''s Books_] and religious books, issued as published in America for children, should "Little Books with Pictures for Children" could be purchased at the "The Famous Tommy Thumb''s Little Story-Book: Containing his Life and had the "following little Books for all good Boys and Girls: by the name of Newbery''s Little Books for Children, are now republished [Illustration: _A page from a Catalogue of Children''s Books printed by suggested in three little books, of two of which the author was Mrs. Pilkington, who had already written several successful stories for young The books for American children therefore Little Book for Children, 17. 17893 Some time after, Mr. Veal''s friends got him a place in the custom-house touched; and then Mrs. Veal drew her hand across her own eyes, and said, Then says Mrs. Veal, My dear friend, I am come to renew our old Says Mrs. Bargrave, I thought you were like the rest of the world, and that went out to her next neighbor''s the very moment she parted with Mrs. Veal, and told her what ravishing conversation she had with an old I asked Mrs. Bargrave several times, if she was sure she felt the gown? "Good heavens!" said the little man, whom the suggestion seemed to throw "But you said it _used_ to haunt the little old house at Salem, so I ghosts he ain''t dar'' come to li''l'' black Mose''s house ef de li''l'' black Mose he look'', he see'' dat ghost ain''t got no head _at_ all. 17971 THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY THE RIGHT OF THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE WAR POWER Extracts from the speech of John Quincy Adams, delivered in the U.S. House of Representatives, April 14 and 15, 1842, on War with Great called the slave States have the exclusive right of consultation on the laws of war, and because the moment you place a military commander power beyond the limits of the slave State where such war is raging The war power is limited only by the laws and usages of nations. among the peace powers of Congress, no such authority; but in war, interfere, in any way, with the institution of slavery in the States, Mr. Adams goes on to state how the war power may be used:-"But the war power of Congress over the institution of slavery in government of the slave States possesses no such right. of this war will be permitted now by the Slave Power, except by its 18053 country and of her people become more apparent, for, after a few days, and it left the mass of the Spanish people, great and generous as they When English people come back from Spain complaining of discourtesy, or "But all this is very ancient history, of the days of Spain''s greatness; Time in old days seemed of very little value There is no country life in Spain, as we understand the word; the great people leave Madrid, it is generally to enter into London or evening, the hour varying, of course, with the time of year, all Madrid English people, accustomed to plenty of fresh air and water, Madrid has different all this is in a country like Spain, which has oftener had to smelting-works have been opened in Spain, with Spanish capital and =VI.-SPANISH LIFE IN TOWN AND COUNTRY= =VI.-SPANISH LIFE IN TOWN AND COUNTRY= 18095 Author of "How to Speak in Public," "Great Speeches and How As you carefully study the successful methods of public speakers, as Lord Chatham, despite his great natural endowments for speaking, devoted speakers, due in large measure to intense moral earnestness and great to analyze and study the speeches of successful orators. First read such speeches aloud, since by that means you fit words to You can advantageously read aloud many times a speech like the An eloquent speech, worthy of close study, is that of William McKinley and note how the orator speaks with deep feeling and stirs the same MEN WHO HAVE MADE HISTORY IN PUBLIC SPEAKING--AND THEIR METHODS The great orators of the world did not regard eloquence as simply an speeches by the world''s great orators. _One of the best exercises for the student of public speaking is to read The great public speakers in all times have been earnest and diligent 18196 John Quincy Adams studies Law--His Practice--Engages in Public Life burial-ground at Quincy, by JOHN ADAMS, President of the United States, The following letter from John Adams, at this time Vice President of the The administration of John Adams, as President of the United States, was John Quincy Adams returned to the United States from his first foreign The period of Mr. Adams'' service in the United States Senate, was one in On receiving notice of his appointment to this responsible office, Mr. Adams, with his family, embarked for the United States, on board the Provinces, by the Government of the United States, took place during Mr. Adams''s administration of the State Department. United States, present him to the people of this nation, as a man of one party,) Mr. Adams, in the election of 1824, was FAR AHEAD of Gen. Jackson." [Footnote: Colton''s Life and Times of Henry Clay.] 18304 used as a freight station, looks like an old war-time woodcut out of age--a look which makes one think of a wonderful old lady; a belle of house the old general lived in one large room, upon the floor of which "I''m going away to a house party," said the Sprightly Sister who Likes scattered houses stand to-day, was in early times a busy place. time, looked like an old English hunting print come to life, for it was "As I look back over the old South," said one white-haired Virginian, of the high buildings the place actually looks like a miniature New cities as Memphis, New Orleans and Atlanta, men show a little mercy to After standing for a time on the old bridge watching work on the new, The chief lion of the city is the old State House, which stands on a 18379 Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth President of the United States of America, said long after, and other men''s recollections of Lincoln''s talk Such was the extent of the United States when Lincoln began his political greater man like Lincoln expressed it, he would have said little from powerful men in the United States while Lincoln was still unknown; and Illinois from the Eastern States just about the time when Lincoln was President and Civil War was raging, many good men in the North would come about, Lincoln certainly thought, in a way far better for the relations between South and North, and what was Lincoln''s idea of Institute might be enough to show a later time that Lincoln was a man President of the United States in war time exercised great and dreadful came a time when Lincoln''s re-election was in great peril, and he might, Union men: letter of Lincoln to great meeting of, 384-5. 18444 His hymn, some time out of use, is being revived in later singing-books composed apparently both hymn and tune on receiving news of the king''s William Howard Doane, writer of the music to this hymn, was born in music that articulates the life of the hymn would be the tune of The tune that best interprets this hymn in spirit and in living _music_ Of sacred music he composed only one mass and six hymn-tunes, of which The Rev. John Newton, author of this hymn, was born in London, July 24, Hymn"--originally written for the old Christmas church song "Adeste More modern voices sing the John Wesley hymn to the tune "Habakkuk," by His hymn-tunes are found in many song-manuals of the English Church and stanzas of four lines suitable to a church hymn-tune. Lamb, composer and singer of the hymn-tune, was born in A very musical tune, with spirited chorus, (in _Gospel Hymns_) bears the 18453 policy had come to be accepted by the great body of the loyal people of slavery, and the great body of the loyal people now feel absolved from now constituting a loyal member of the Union as the new State of West people, our armies, and Government decried; and a war in words and in A war for Napoleon at that time with one of the great powers, was a placing his hand on the heart of the young man, he prayed: ''O Heavenly leave of the young man, and as he departed, said: When the great bell of the loyal States and of the Federal authority in the present war are present war for the Union, the loyal States are by no means contending law,[12] to secure certain great ends of human progression, and to avoid voice of her people, has formed a State government. present war--all interesting to young people. 18553 position and importance of the United States as a world power. During the Civil War the United States Government used its diplomatic proposition at this time by a great nation like the United States and the peace between powers signatory with the United States to the treaty World War the United States, in order to bind the Japanese government did during the early stages of the Great War. Relations between the United States and England during the American United States was the only great power outside the European balance. During the American Civil War the United States seized goods under an the relations of the United States with the nations at war would be an About the time that the United States declared war, Austria and Germany he declared that the United States and the Allied Governments could not By Article 19 of the naval treaty the United States, Great Britain, and 18555 In these circumstances it was pure zeal that sustained Mrs. Ellison in the flattering constancy with which she babbled on to Mr. Arbuton and refrained from openly resenting Kitty''s contumacy. "I don''t like to see these things," said Mrs. Ellison. "Why, I don''t know," said Kitty, "there was that little settlement round off the table, and Mrs. Ellison said, "Why, Kitty!" But nothing more was "Light reading for leisure hours, Fanny," said Kitty, looking askance at at a window looking upon the convent garden, where it happened to Mr. Arbuton, descending from his attic chamber, to find Kitty standing, a "What I want to know, _now_," said the colonel, as soon as Kitty would But if you like it better, I''ll come and sit by you," said Kitty, "Of course it isn''t," said Mrs. Ellison; and Kitty, who had been Mrs. Ellison and Kitty did not know, and Mr. Arbuton did not know, as 18625 poets, dramatists, novelists, short-story writers, essayists, critics, discussing the period; of collections of poems, plays, short-stories, and 5. Does Mr. Anderson succeed best as novelist or as short-story writer? pictures of New York as seen through the temperament of a Russian Jew. STUDIES AND REVIEWS +Alice Brown+--short-story writer, novelist, dramatist. Her stories of New England life should be compared with those of Sarah +George Randolph Chester+ (Ohio, 1869)--novelist, short-story writer. 1900 has lived and worked in New York. 2. Read in succession the poems concerning New England life and decide +Zona Gale+--novelist, short-story writer, dramatist. +William Dean Howells+--novelist, dramatist, critic, poet. +Wallace Irwin+ (New York, 1875)--short-story writer. +Owen McMahon Johnson+ (New York City, 1878)--novelist short-story Born in New York City, 1875, son of Steele Mackaye, dramatist and +James Oppenheim+--novelist, short-story writer, poet. +Charles George Douglas Roberts+--novelist, poet, Nature writer. 2. Mrs. Wharton''s novels of American social life should be studied and 18637 Annotations of Cases Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States the Supreme Court in recent cases dealing with the tax immunity of State Constitution, in the Congress of the United States; and their power is territorial limits of the United States, a lower federal court held in case, the Court held that the United States was not responsible for the State officers, the Court has upheld the power of Congress to protect the judicial power of the United States is vested in the Supreme Court courts in that they exercise "the judicial power of the United States," judicial power of the United States and the Supreme Court can exercise State courts are governed in part by Constitutional Law with respect to Congress cannot vest the judicial power of the United States in courts prevent Congress from authorizing State courts to administer federal law 1864 to be a great nation whenever her young men cease to possess energy, States, all men turned to Washington to stand at the head of the new country through a great civil war, was then able to build up a new and a great force of Indians from the lakes, Boone commanded the left wing. hundred fighting men-British regulars, French partizans, and Indians. army of over seven thousand men, and accompanied by a large force of a neutral port, when four British war-vessels, a ship of the line, a men of iron courage and great bodily powers, skilled in the use of their Hyde gave the orders to left face and forward and the Maine men marched regiment just in time to see a long line of men in gray rise from behind great ironclad rams as the men of the Union did in building the monitors 1866 the United States was a nation, he succeeded in carrying a law by degradation of men to the state in which I saw the American soldiers this constitution for the United States of America." Here a great United States; and in such case the Senate elects its own President with another shall present a petition to Congress, stating the matter State shall appoint the regimental officers, raise the men, and The United States in Congress assembled shall never engage in a war, The Congress of the United States shall have power to adjourn to any Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and holding any office under the United States shall be a member of United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall 7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall 18823 I come to a New England Society, and sit between the Presidents of Scratch a New Englander to-day, it is said, and you find the Puritan. things might be learned for the good of the people of the present time PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY OF THE CITY when a new generation, about twelve years hence, comes on, that I shall England Society, that one of the sorest things that a man in public life New England believes that every man and woman, under the law ought to PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN OF THE NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY:--While they are the great English-speaking peoples, whereupon an ingenious man 18898 Time was, it is said, when the profession of a street-sweeper in morning sweeper is generally a lively and active young fellow; often a lively, sailor-looking fellow appeared as a one-handed sweeper in a In the lowest forms of air-living animals, the body rests upon the higher forms of air-living animals, a freer and more commodious kind The wings of the insect are, however, of a nature altogether different then, by a clever twist of his little body, splits open his old fishy by means of small air-mouths placed along the sides of the body, and kindness.'' He was a rich man, had a pretty little church, a They set about their work in a business-like way; and in some new and strange world; and when the old man motioned her to avoirdupois pound, by which all heavy goods have been for a long time ''That is a charming-looking old gentleman,'' said we to the gray lady; 18956 But forty years ago, when his church in New York was crowded morning and Mrs. Russel was a person of great sense, of strong, quiet thought did more, I think, than any man to bring up the free schools of New York that time with many distinguished men gave a new turn to his thoughts great city, will a face come through my door that I shall like to see To call him "that great and good man," does not meet the feeling MY DEAR FRIEND,--I shall make no clue return for your good long letter; right places, and questioning every new-coming thought with singular MY DEAR BELLOWS,--Your letter came on New Year''s Day, and helped to some DEAR FRIEND,--My time and thoughts have been a good deal occupied of I wrote you a good (?) long letter about New Year''s, MY DEAR FRIEND,--We used to think that life in our country, under our 19049 to be presented to every man upon whom the degree of Master Mason is emblems of moral truth; that there were great secret orders using the Great Masonic Guild_--a book itself a work of art as well as of fine Having followed the Free-masons over a long period of history, it is of old, the order of Masons has been a teacher of morality, charity, sign-language of the race lives to this day in Masonic Lodges, it is among Masons generally--in the _body_ of Masonry--the symbolism of Lodges of Masons existed in London at that time is a matter of were _Masonic adepts seeking to bring the buried temple of Masonry to Third, the old time Masons were religious men, and as such sharers in of Masonry, had called itself a Grand Lodge as early as 1725. faith; and because Masonry offers to every man a great hope and on old men and Masonry, 296 _note_ 19199 lives of women, friendship is, First, the guide to love; a sympathy makes the friendship of a woman a precious boon to a man who says, "Thy affection, duty, and love to me was that of a friend as women, of dedicated souls and polished manners, who love every thing The exalted friendship of man and woman, known as Platonic love, is man''s best female friend is a wife of good sense and good heart, whom woman; but a friendship among persons of different sexes rarely or The love of woman has in all ages given birth in man to passionate friendship is in the life of a thoughtful woman. Love and Friendship joined these kindred souls in life, friends, both men and women, had an exemplary friendship, full of to a woman than this eloquent and heroic priest to the heavenlyminded friend who said she loved him as father, brother, and son, all 19309 order to learn in a moment what great astronomers of recent times had experience in the use of astronomical instruments, went at his work not only a great interest in scientific work, especially astronomy, way could keep the exact time necessary in the work of an astronomer. to have charge of the astronomical work of the observatory, which that the astronomical work of the observatory has not been prosecuted Of our leading astronomical observers of the present day--of such In astronomical observations all work is at the mercy of the elements. that up to a quite recent time no work on scientific method appeared Before his time the working force of an observatory time the trained astronomer worked with instruments of very delicate and the work of the Paris Observatory, so far as observations of of protection, but for some years I had not time to read their works, 19404 Here Offut erected a small general store and placed Lincoln in country and would some day be president of the United States. was that Armstrong and his gang became Lincoln''s friends and later gave During this time Lincoln continued his studies, and feeling the need to saw." Lincoln at this session seemed to be learning, studying men and spoke in Springfield; and a few days later, Lincoln replied in a speech United States Senator; but Lincoln replied to his friends: "I am after candidates were Seward of New York, Lincoln of Illinois, Cameron of Down in Springfield, Lincoln was waiting, and when he got the news, he Lincoln had no votes in the states farthest south, but carried The four years and forty days that remain of Lincoln''s life is but the story of his wonderful part in our great Civil War. When Lincoln turned from his inauguration to take up the duties of his 19463 Cooper was, by nature, a man of deep religious feeling. Cooper''s life as regards the conception of character and scene that Little notice, however, was taken at the time of Cooper''s preference not only the first of Cooper''s sea-stories in point of time, but if we Cooper at the time of writing his first novel was dwelling at Angevine. There is little doubt that with a man of Cooper''s nature the revulsion Cooper''s feelings on political subjects were aroused, his literary work for some years Cooper did the Whig newspaper offices of the state of New was not printed at the time; but no sooner was Cooper''s work published The "Ways of the Hour" was the last work that Cooper published. Cooper''s novels were from that time published in Great Britain, in cheap Cooper, at the time he published his last novel, was more than sixty 19548 men of his time,--Chief Justice of the United States, Envoy Senator Hillhouse held a very high place in the public life State of Massachusetts was likely to judge of the questions of whom it can be said that his place among the great men he could come back in some great place, like that of Senator a state of great distress; said he was a very poor man; that for the leader of a great party in State or Nation. Hillard was an accomplished and eloquent man, "of whom," Mr. Webster said in the Senate of the United States, "the best Republican State Governments in office by the National power from the great State of New York, men looked to him to be public life for two years, and in 1877 came to the Senate the law of life to a great, powerful and free people. 19647 all day and into the dark night, and loves to; but he turns his face to in a man like Philip became a settled cruelty and bigotry which finds liberty and this love for the kingdom of God. I know few things that love!) flooding "In Memoriam" like spring tide''s; love to God, as "St. Agnes'' Eve," "Sir Galahad," and in "King Arthur." By appeal to book do Virtue grows in beauty, like some dear face we love. And King Arthur finds God helps him into all things worth while. Good, and given over to God, he was found out by love; and does, and loves God and his fellow-men and a good woman, and finds no Either a good man is afflicted, and perhaps of God, or Job "All things work together for good to them that love God," is A good man''s life has 19659 how to unite home, school, and other life experiences of a child in The second great series of studies, the natural sciences, of history study is to form moral notions in children_. study of natural sciences, which is, "An understanding of life and of teachers, the first great problem in this field of common school effort of history and nature as the two chief subjects of study, the simple, history and nature are the really interesting objects of study for knowledge given in any school course as the _child''s mind_ itself. do not desire to find in the school studies a new center for a child''s history (in the broad sense) is the study which best cultivates moral geography, history, and natural science, a thoughtfulness and clearness knowledge as an aim of school education. courses of study in geography, natural science, or history, without arithmetic, and nature study, we desire to ground school discussions 19739 the needs of a new day, serene, no doubt self-sufficient, but coming how changes that these new arrivals and men of their race and ideas had no hand immigrants pass into the great cities, chiefly into New York, or are placed the way look cold to any man whose eyes are fit for use in the open, but There is no fixed time in a man''s life at which he comes to himself, and a man may live, by which one may give a service that other men need and In a recent editorial in the _New York Times_ it was said that the men and two hundred years deep into this new-world soil--that we have not a thought the books, at times, to think of old friends; as long as the memory of or in the country roads into which they run--not far from the day''s work or 19745 both of the great parties that two years later presented candidates party, of course." Declining the proposition with much feeling Mr. Douglas said, "When I came home from Washington I was assailed years later, was himself elected President of the United States. It has been said that even great men have at times their little France, Vice-President of the United States, and Governor of New in the House, he was elected to the United States Senate, and held HOUSES OF CONGRESS--EQUAL STATE REPRESENTATION IN THE SENATE-Douglas--"touched by the finger of death." At a later day, Mr. Browning, as a member of the Cabinet of President Johnson, acquitted gifted, who was at the time Vice-President of the United States. time, 1842, a State officer of Illinois, and later a general in candidate for the high office of President of the United States. years later, while President of the United States, fell by the hand 19828 member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853, Mr. Boutwell had further and better opportunities to make the acquaintance Once or twice, or possibly three times a year, my father drove an oxteam or a team of one pair of oxen and one horse to Boston with cider, member of the Supreme Court of the State of New Hampshire. autumn of the year 1855 he was elected a member of the State Convention of Massachusetts to this day, and the United States Bankrupt Law was States Rights wing of the Democratic Party were his opinions, Presidency wrought a great change in the fortunes of the Whig Party. In the year 1849, two men were elected to the Massachusetts House of the Democratic Party were elected to the office of Governor and State, and at that time a majority vote was required in all elections. 19831 Early Acts of the Confederate Congress.--Laws of the United States Law observed by the Government.--Officers retiring from United States United States Government.--The Action at Booneville.--The Patriot Army Union, and to report such an act for that purpose to the United States terms "Union," "United States," "Federal Constitution;" and the United States," from whom the powers of the Federal Government were which he belongs--the people who constituted the State government which Government of the United States that the President, Congress, Government for Peace.--Position of Officers of United States Government for Peace.--Position of Officers of United States section of the Union nor to the General Government, but to the States State in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect Constitution of the United States, the President is usurping a power There was a time when the Government and the people of the United States United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall 19875 in early life--Nat''s first noon-time--his work as bobbin boy--takes like him--studying men and things--the case of Shakspeare--Nat other boys are playing.'' By this time," continued Nat, "I thought I "_I_ will, sir," said Nat. The teacher found a reluctance among the boys to speak, and one of them "Did he ever petition you for shorter lessons?" asked Nat. Charlie and Frank laughed; for they thought of Sam Drake''s petition at "A good beginning, Nat; let us see you do that again," said Frank. "Nat," said Frank, as they were going home from school one Friday night "He smokes now," said Nat; "and he told Charlie one day that a boy could "They had quite a time at school yesterday," said Nat to Charlie, one "Frank is coming into the factory to work," said Nat one day to Charlie. "_I_ expect to try it a good many times," said Nat. 20064 carpenters to work upon a new church, and one of these men, having left held that in this country the entire people are one great working class, John Harrison lived to the good old age of eighty-three years. Poor boys had a hard time of it in New England eighty years ago. his new place; and scarcely a day passed during his first year when he farmer, thirty years of age, cultivating with great success his own farm can work in a cotton mill ten hours a day for years at a stretch, years old worked regularly fourteen hours a day, with but half an hour''s In two years the young men were selling fifty or sixty thousand pounds'' the year in London, working night and day as a member of Parliament. By the time he was fifteen years old he had of business in the good old times. 20065 IT.--PRESIDENT GRANT AND THE TENURE-OF-OFFICE ACT.--HOUSE VOTES TO Congress_, shall recognize the State government so established as a there been a man in the United States of so great personal power and lawful prisoners of war, persons found in the United-States service as action of the President, or the Senate or the House," added Mr. Stevens, "amounts to nothing, either in admitting new States or Vice-President of the United States, representatives in congress, the upon the people of the United States to elect to Congress, as members Congress of the United States as the representative government of the Johnson, President of the United States, with power to send for persons of the Senate, presided over by the Chief Justice of the United States, class of citizens of the United States.--The Congress shall have power senator from Massachusetts and the President of the United States and the same time Representative in Congress, Senator-elect from the State 20066 courts, and that a great political issue is being forced upon the and through the genius and broad views of great judges of common law neither the common law nor the English judicial system, and as lawyers It was the American Bar that gave to the people of the United States Courts sit to hear controversies between parties over facts and law. law exert in the causes which they present to a court. the duty of the lawyer to the court in the advocacy of causes and in the the people shall have confidence in the courts, and it is important that is an obstruction of the United States laws, the Supreme Court has Congress passed a law that the President should have power to government of the Zone, maintain courts, execute men who committed The people think that the Presidency gives a man an opportunity to make 20105 Occupies New York City--General Charles Lee Fails to Support --The People Support the President--War With the Indians--Defeat of St. Clair--Indians State Their Case--General Wayne Defeats the Savages-New England Prospering--Outbreak of King Philip''s War--Causes of the New England Prospering--Outbreak of King Philip''s War--Causes of the France had surrendered her American possessions to Great Britain, said Occupies New York City--General Charles Lee Fails to Support Washington colonies by a continuous British line from Canada to the city of New The People Support the President--War With the Indians--Defeat of St. Clair--Indians State Their Case--General Wayne Defeats the Savages--Jay''s French Decrees and British Orders in Council--Damage to American conduct of the American frigate United States, fifty-four guns, Captain National Issues--President Jackson Crushes the United States Bank--South National Issues--President Jackson Crushes the United States Bank--South authorized by the American Government was kept from the British people, prestige of the United States in South America, and the Spanish-American 20151 period of successful trade--extending over six years'' time, the young if, per chance, one person journeyed to New York and returned to state power in New York State at the time. friends entreat; in vain did wise business men shake their heads; Mr. Childs felt that his time had come, and he bought the paper, paying for In 1844 James was elected Mayor of the great city of New York. life-work." The young man who thought perhaps Girard was going to set years, becoming the most noted man in the State, having prospered great man is: "How did he begin?" George Peabody began life in Danvers, Years View; or a History of the Working of the United States Government the great State of New York and resigned his seat in the National "Mr. President: For the second time in this generation the great end of time that he was elected president of the United States, and 20183 Mr. Adams''s career in public life stretched over so long a period that me as a party follower." Indeed, all his life long Mr. Adams was never time that John Adams had concluded his administration the great "Mr. Clay lost his temper," writes Mr. Adams a day or two later, (p. treaty, and he did not know whether he would sign it or not;" and Mr. Adams also said that he saw that the rest had made up their minds "at paragraph," said Mr. Adams, "comes directly or indirectly from Mr. Clay." But the paragraph did no harm, for on the following day the European combinations, said Mr. Adams, in which the United States With Adams President and Clay Secretary of State and Petitions, anti-slavery, presented in House by Adams, 243, 248, 249, Senate of the United States, election of Adams to, 30; 20190 of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of office under the United States shall be a member of either house during the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to 7. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, by old age, and his physician said the too free use of the waters of the Jan. 1, New Year''s Day. All the States (including District of Columbia), of a person or place), indicating or not the use or nature of the thing enough water to form a paste, and apply to the hair to be removed. 20256 of party censure and obloquy, in addition to the preceding reasons Mr. Adams gave to the public the following solemn convictions which States, Mr. Adams said that one consequence was that a very great any right or privilege of a citizen of the United States." And Mr. Adams said he would go further, and declare that Congress, by their Mr. Adams also wrote a letter to Mr. Rush, requesting him to explain to Mr. Luriottis that the executive of the United States sympathized with the the United States, in a letter to Mr. Adams, then Secretary of the affairs of the United States Bank, Mr. Adams requested of the House committee of the whole house, Mr. Adams asked the author of it (Mr. Cambreling, of New York) to what banks certain words, which he stated, Mr. Adams next states the proceedings of Congress on this subject during 20290 Private Secretary--Social Life at the White House--President Adams'' John Quincy Adams was elected President of the United States by President Fillmore, 1852-1853; United States Senator from Massachusetts, 1825; Vice-President, 1825-1832; United States Senator, 1833-1843; friend, General Armstrong, the next day, the President said, "Well, Senator, 1845-1850; Secretary of State under President Fillmore Congress, Senator Clay remarked to the Vice-President Van Buren, State of New York, 1833-1839; was Secretary of War under President 1811-1814; was United States Senator, 1829-1838; was AttorneyGeneral under President Van Buren, 1838-1840; was again elected War as Colonel and Brigadier-General, 1847-1848; was AttorneyGeneral of the United States under President Pierce, 1853-1857; to Washington--A Cold New Year''s Day--Reception at the White House General Grant, when elected President of the United States, had in the State Senate, being twice its presiding officer; United of New York, 1883-1885; was elected President of the United States 20318 friend of Franz Liszt and hear him play the music of Richard Wagner from written the record of the life the man has led: the loves that were his, music, and they gave the man and his work their approval. be covered by saying George Sand had a man''s head and a woman''s heart. Madame Carus, who one fine day takes the young man to play for Frederick Schumann''s musical magazine was winning its way--the young man had a life-work and raised organ-music to the highest point of art must the boy would play from some certain composer, showing the man''s man''s life, but I am comparing my nature with his. George III and William Pitt, vii, 200. referred to, iii, 235, 242; iv, 193; vii, 191; xiv, 40. _Life of Charles XII_, Voltaire, viii, 297. quoted, iii, 59, 219; iv, 322; v, 16, 204; vii, 29; xiii, 49; _Life of Charles XII_, viii, 297; 20428 was no new thing to connect parents and their children in covenant father lay sick, he said, ''That child was given to God in his house; I _Pastor._ As often as we bring a child to the house of God for baptism, "I do wish," said Mrs. Benson, "that the authority to baptize children friends, I said to them, that, when God was covenanting with Abraham, he our parents make and keep covenant with God for their children. children to God, and upon baptism as the acceptable way of signifying "How many baptized children, from Christian families," said my wife, Toward the child of one who loves God (not merely a church-member, but a church-membership of the children with their parents, and that baptism children to God as well without baptism, as with it. "Receive now," said he, "the divine ordinance of baptism, whereby God 2044 Henry Adams never knew a boy of his generation to like Seward representing the Administration in the Senate took the lead; Mr. Adams took the lead in the House; and as far as a private secretary as Adams did, that no man living needed so much education as the new thousand young men like Henry Adams into the surf of a wild ocean, all sympathies, including Americans like young Adams whose standards were Never, in any man who wielded such power, did Adams meet anything like Young Adams thought Earl Russell a statesman of the old school, diplomatic education, and began for him the social life of a young man make up its mind what to do for them--time which Adams, at thirty years Adams did not feel Grant as a hostile force; like Badeau he saw new President of Harvard College wanted his help; but Adams knew 20561 "I hate you," Aunt Fanny, said a little boy, pouting and snapping his at my poor little cousins, whose mother works so hard and cries so always seemed to me like a little wizzled-up, miserly old man. You know, my dear little daisies, that poor city children, who have to "Oh, but it is just like _me_," said the honest little girl; "I have Hatty''s mamma smiled, and said, "There was a little girl just your Bridget smiled, and said, "It takes so little to make the poor lads two little girls; "I thought you said it would make you happy to come (don''t he look like papa?) kissing that little girl. knows there are plenty of little grocery shops round in these poor "Sure," said the woman, looking a little confused. Look now at that window!--a young mother comes to it with a little new 20608 The young man beginning the battle of life should never lose sight of What a great number of paths the observant young man sees before him! very poor at the time," said a great New York publisher, "but The best equipment a young man can have for the battle of life is a turbulence of a man''s nature as his union in life with a high-minded In a general way, the great fields of human effort, at this time, may Public life has its rewards, but they rarely come to the honest man hearts, and the man who devotes his life to this great purpose must So, in the great game of life, what a man does must be made to count, money ought by no means to be regarded as a chief end of man''s life, an ignorant man wise in a few years, and, employed in good works, 20752 The African slave trade goes back as far as our knowledge of the Negro Kuka slave market, white haired old men and women, children suckling inhabited by Negroes, with general Observations on the Slave Trade and line between free men of color and the recently emancipated Negroes. to follow the Northern President''s example,--and arm Negro slaves as ''no Indian, Negro, or mulatto slave, shall at any time hereafter world, were unable to do the work Spain began to import Negro slave The fact that Negro slavery reached American soil by way of the West The first Negro slaves imported into South Carolina came any man''s civil estate or right, it shall be lawful for slaves, as the United States over his slaves." He considered the free black "a country all Negroes both free and slave. Negro in the slave States, that slavery would naturally follow lines 20819 the World--Married Life must be lived well--Love should rule all 161-176 pure in heart and life, meek, loving, useful, and pious. "strong-minded women," brave of heart and deep of soul, high of purpose of culture and improvement, forgetting that a good heart, a true life, a Does not your love of Dress lead you from the great ends of woman-life? There is a great body of young men who float on the stream of life with a young woman beautiful and useful, but purity in thought, feeling, life, no moral beauty, no glory of soul, nor dignity of character Him who is love, how beautiful is it in woman''s heart! high-minded man than a young woman who lives, acts, speaks, and exerts life--how can such a woman possess weight of character, force of mind, cultured heart and developed mind will love his Home, and generally Wife--Woman the Hope of the World--Married Life must be lived 20873 In an account of this convention, written at a later period, Mr. Gallatin said that it was the first public body to which he was elected, Mr. Gallatin''s election to the United States Senate did not disqualify the election of Albert Gallatin as senator of the United States. In his first report to Congress,[11] made December 18, 1801, Mr. Gallatin submitted his financial estimate for the year 1802. Gallatin made a report to Congress on the state of the finances. In 1832 Mr. Gallatin accepted the presidency of a bank in New York, the making war on the United States, and that she knew it.'' Mr. Gallatin so found it, Mr. Gallatin returned to the United States, reaching New York from Washington to New York, and the old friends met once more: Mr. Gallatin was in his 82d year, but in the full possession of his United States in 1840, paid a visit to Mr. Gallatin in that year, and 21090 the entire history of English and American literature, the following English alliterative verse in romances like _William and the Werewolf_, Chaucer is the bright consummate flower of the English Middle Age. Like many another great poet, he put the final touch to the various It belonged, like the early English poem of _The Fox and the Wolf_, to The great age of English poetry opened with the publication of Of the life of William Shakspere, the greatest dramatic poet of the and by many of the English and New England divines of the 17th century. John Milton, the greatest English poet except Shakspere, was born in The English novel of real life had its origin at this time. Another English poet, Samuel Daniel, the author of the _Civil Wars_, The book which best sums up the life and thought of this old New life--it was, at all events, a genuine New England literature and true 21128 to the President of the United States an authentic copy of the Act. Missouri accepted the condition promptly but not cheerfully, feeling Mr. Buchanan, secretary of State, and Mr. Marcy, secretary of War. Both were men of conservative minds, of acute judgment in political Democrats in the Congressional Elections of 1846.--Policy of Mr. Polk in Regard to Acquisition of Territory from Mexico.--ThreeMillion Bill.--The Famous Anti-slavery Proviso moved by David Democrats in the Congressional Elections of 1846.--Policy of Mr. Polk in Regard to Acquisition of Territory from Mexico.--ThreeMillion Bill.--The Famous Anti-slavery Proviso moved by David man in the United States." The ability and skill displayed by Mr. Evans in carrying the tariff bill of 1842 through the Senate, fully from the State Department in 1843, President Tyler nominated Mr. Cushing for Secretary of the Treasury, but the Whig senators, against the government and people of the United States--a war 2113 the road for Friedrich''s Camp; Robinson at Vienna, has been directed to AND FRIEDRICH MAKES A MOST IMPORTANT TREATY,--NOT WITH HYNDFORD. time, to make Sweden declare war on Russia (important for Friedrich, who old Ginkel whom we used to know in Friedrich Wilhelm''s time], having, Answer withal: A FRENCH Treaty signed three days ago, in virtue of it! EXCELLENCY ROBINSON HAS AUDIENCE OF FRIEDRICH (Camp of Strehlen, 7th proposal, to the general population, of "a cheer for King Friedrich, of Breslau gone heels over head, in that way; Friedrich imperiously in the very days while Friedrich and Neipperg had got into wrestle mere Dukes till then; having got for himself the poor Winter-King''s with at Prag, in old Friedrich-Wilhelm and Prince-Eugene times:-The Second little Prince, Friedrich Eugen, Prussian General of some a Captain like Friedrich might have gone far; Vienna itself--who Friedrich''s look, when Valori met him again coming home from this 21276 North American colonies and the mother country there existed such England or in other colonies; and in return British manufactures found nothing to carry out the Act. In October, delegates representing nearly all the colonies met at New the trade of New England, shutting off all colonial vessels from the of European and British politics suddenly brought the United States was the duty of the British government to discourage and crush American The British policy toward the United States, under the circumstances, England, it drove American vessels from the British West Indies, and, American Federalist and British Tory were at one; British fleet and nation." The United States must fight rather than The Federalists, controlling most of the New England States, now felt vote of Congress to admit new States or declare war. government did not submit to these terms, the New England States would 21291 let a college education spoil him for practical, every-day life; a man One great need for the world to-day is for men and women who are good Mr. Bright said: "There is not in Great Britain a poor man''s home that has shoulder and said, "Young man, your bread and butter''s cut for life." The great things of the world have not been done by men of large means. have a hard time of it, but he will learn how to work his way in life, A great man has said that no man will be content to live a half life work his way up to the position of a man of great influence as a United We know of a young man who has a great deal of natural ability for life-work of one thing, we see on every hand hundreds of young men and 21348 point in Franklin''s career where his important public services begin, at he wrote a letter, intended to induce Franklin''s father to advance the paper of this purport, binding personally upon Franklin and upon Mr. Charles, the resident agent of the province, was drawn up, and was duly Before dismissing this stay of Franklin in England a word should be said in session, and at once took into consideration the appointment of Dr. Franklin as its agent to present to the king in council another petition must have; but Franklin said that the colonies were, or very soon would New England confederacy, and Franklin approved the scheme and said that Congress to meet the admiral and the general, and Franklin, John Adams, at the time of Franklin''s appointment said nothing about borrowing At this same time Franklin wrote to Congress to explain how it had timely letter of Franklin to, 365; 21427 this country, but the Indians thought that these English people bathed as Sitting Bull''s time that noted cavalry officer said to the author Canadians and Indians would come down into York State or New England, The British army now numbered thirty thousand troops, while Washington''s A few Indian wars now kept the people interested, and a large number of General Jackson took some troops and attacked the red brother, killing General Pakenham, with a force of twelve thousand men by sea and land, married men went who had been looking a long time for some good place to new Confederacy got men, money, arms, and munitions of war from every good time to attack Grant, who had sent many troops north to prevent something else, and that it took so much time for the generals to keep generation that fights a four-years war costing over two billions of 21537 life of the State until the outbreak of the Civil War. Contrary as it may seem to the ordinary political interests of such men, Southern States like Virginia and Maryland was not half so great, and ally of Calhoun, that made sure the votes of these great States; for men to ally himself with New England and the United States Bank, though he and greater East, eventually a new United States, and voting, in so far That is, the Bank men thought the President of the United States was States-rights men in the South, like communities; but Eastern States like Pennsylvania, Virginia, and South President carrying only one New England State and Virginia, South State of New York, with a population four times as great, was only new American system, for there was government land in their States and loyal support, and the great Southern planters united with New York 21622 how great men started, their struggles, their long waitings, amid want One great need of the world to-day is for men and women who are good a living lie, because no man on earth could be as great as he looked." in life in which a great mind lives years of enjoyment in a single Thousands of men of great native ability have been lost to the world The world always makes way for the man with a purpose in him, like life work of one thing, we see on every hand hundreds of young men and Christ knew that one affection rules in man''s life when he said, "No these waters twenty-five years," said a young man to the captain of a the great men of the Revolution when he said, "Is life so dear, or Think of a young man just starting out in life to conquer the world 21646 careful examination of his organs of sense and brain capacity we are those rules in the practical delineation of character, we have the Art. In regard to Phrenology being an exact science, I have shown you that hands of phrenological writers as this subject of organic quality. mental temperament well developed, a strong mind will be manifested; condition of a character frequently resulting in great advantage to the temperament is distinguished by a relatively large head and small body, of a man and I''ll tell you the quality of every organ in his body as Concede the fact that these differences in form, quality, temperament amount of sense displayed by each man''s brain, determines the kind and development of brain organs, as men. should learn to form marriages in accordance with Natural Law. When we study Matrimony in the light of Science, we find that it is Physiological Condition, Temperament and Organic Quality of the 21851 Nominal Rights of Free Negroes in the Slave States.--Fugitive To rescue the free colored people of the United States from condition of the free persons of color in the United States: "If any slave, negro, or free person of color, or any white said free person of color or slave shall be punished by fine and A school for Negro slaves was opened in the city of New York in 1704 population of free persons of color in the United States increased While Massachusetts was engaged in recruiting Negro soldiers, Gen. Lorenzo Thomas, Adjutant-General of the United States Army, was UPON WHITE OFFICERS COMMANDING NEGRO SOLDIERS.--THE NEW YORK UPON WHITE OFFICERS COMMANDING NEGRO SOLDIERS.--THE NEW YORK Colored races in the public schools of the recent slave States, with AMONG THE COLORED PEOPLE.--THE NEGRO IN THE UNITED STATES SENATE AMONG THE COLORED PEOPLE.--THE NEGRO IN THE UNITED STATES SENATE 21877 the far-reaching character of German plots that President Wilson, in his three chief South American powers participated, President Wilson decided with Germany, President Wilson decided not to postpone the peace note dangers of the "war zone," President Wilson came again to Congress on the Germany for involving the United States in war with Mexico and Japan came moment the United States entered the war, President Wilson certainly April, the day after the declaration of war, President Wilson insisted The ultimate success of President Wilson''s war policies could hardly have Five days after the declaration of war, President Wilson, through the Wilson''s power rested upon the fact that he was President of the United corresponding to the Supreme War Council, and to this President Wilson the United States in war, and that Wilson was sacrificing the interests of criticism of President Wilson''s peace policies is to be found in J. German-Americans, opposition to Wilson, 70; 21880 designs for the medals awarded by Congress to General Wayne, Major Cowpens; Colonel William Washington, for same; Major-General Greene, medals asked for by Congress for the three general officers. 4. Medal ordered by the United States of America in honor of the _Resolution of Congress Voting a Medal to General Washington._ presented to Major-General Gates, commander-in-chief in the States, on the 17th day of October last, to Major-General Gates; _Resolutions of Congress Voting Medals to General Wayne, to Lieutenant _Act of Congress directing a gold copy of General Morgan''s medal the State troops, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonels Hampton, and other armed vessels of the said States-General of the United sloop-of-war General Greene, then commanded by his father, Captain States army, July 19, 1813; major-general, January 24, 1814; and, in major-general, June 29, 1846; became President of the United States, _Major-General United States Army_, _commanding_. _Major-General United States Army_, _commanding_. 21895 Chapel, the Old State House, and Faneuil Hall punctuate the South End; The very earliest of the great roads in New England was the Old Coast early New England history, must go, and having once arrived at that Old Coast Road--the oldest in New England--winds from Boston to with the State of Massachusetts--and New England--can stand here and winged host that are now merely names in New England''s maritime history. way, so unlike Puritan New England that it makes us rub our eyes, over New England, the Old Ship is entirely unconscious of the year 1681 it is merely the new meeting-house of the little hamlet of half a mile away from the meeting-house of any new "plantation"--thus days, and yet, perhaps, in no other place in New England does the hand place in the history of New England, but the special glory of this spot 21983 ''pumpkin,'' working half an hour a day, and not to be tempted by love or always work in a country where slavery has lately existed, and where the mendicant of old, and as in time a large part of West Indian estates had tool; the young man would say: ''Come, let us have things in good style the hope, faith, and love of men sprang all the really noble works of To-day brings a new year, and is truly an excellent time for commencing place all my hope in the mercy of God. All good men and true patriots desire a king capable of commanding the that; but then we are a great ways off, in fact, in a new country, among the increase of population found an outlet into the new Slave States, In times like the present, such a journal is either a power in 22036 from public office after eight years'' service in the United States gold and silver coin of the United States, and such treasury notes and to issue therefore bonds or treasury notes of the United States of bonds authorized by said act, either in the United States or national securities were payable in lawful money, or United States "Such United States notes shall be received the same as coin, at Mr. Stanton resigned and General Schofield became Secretary of War. I voted for conviction for the reasons stated in the opinion given payment of United States notes in coin, and a revision of the laws of the United States at some time to pay these notes in coin. United States Notes to Par in Coin--Widely Differing Views of the United States Notes to Par in Coin--Widely Differing Views of the Shall silver coin be exchanged for United States notes as power to issue circulating notes secured by United States bonds, 22037 _Party of State Rights--Their Convention--Platform--Nomination of _Party of State Rights--Their Convention--Platform--Nomination of State rights speech, in which he said: "The Democratic party has always while General Hayes and the Republican State ticket were elected, the law-making power, and divided the people of the State, have, in the One important question of principle as old as our State government recent important State and National elections great abuses of the During the war for the Union, the people of this State acknowledged The State Convention of the Republican party of Ohio, which met at the people of the United States constitute a Nation, having one In Ohio, as in other free States, the Democratic party could not be laws in Ohio which kept the colored men out of the State? people of Ohio have trusted the law-making power of the State in people of the States united shall, at the polls, put men in power 22100 Cooper_, Adjutant-General of the United States Army (_a native_ of soldier to quit the army in time of rebellion to follow his State. both the army and navy of the United States, caused many officers Lee as a United States Army officer, corps of engineers, and died as a Colonel in the United States army Confronting Lee''s army was the command of General Reynolds, with addressed to the commanding officer of the United States troops, The War Department ordered from the commands of Generals Cox and both division commanders; the Union losses in officers and men were day after he assumed command of the army its advance corps opened Division, Sixth Army Corps, took position upon the right of this General Sheridan was, by Grant, ordered from the Army of had served as a general officer in the Confederate Army; and on in the United States Army, from which he was appointed a general 22240 State of the South if she were to refuse to marry a Negro man on account The white man''s government Negro-hating democracy The great day of the nation''s judgment has come, and who shall be able no rights which white men should regard, and black _women_ no virtue God is calling men of every race and clime to take a part in the world''s This is a crucial hour for the Negro American; men are seeking to-day to to the white man, that he has no rightful place in the body politic. crime for a black man to ask Southern men to accord him the rights political rights and the life of the colored man which is being "The Negro is a man," said he, "my ancient faith tells me that all men Third: The right of the Negro to be educated and the duty of the state 22256 Negro, will the white man continue and enlarge the work of race nor color will rule future man, who will be the evolution of the Negro race has a good deal more intelligence and virtue than it uses Learn to respect and defend the women of our race, young men. co-operation of all women of all races and colors in order to work out The Negro race needs homes, not hovels and pens. The colored physicians in the South to-day are men and women fully to-day there are about one thousand colored physicians, men and women, there is no hope for the Negro race in this country." There is hope. not the condition of the colored race in this country. Africans nor Negroes, and there is no such a race as the Afro-American the American Negro when I say that we do not ask to be made white, for 22352 [Illustration: American Boy''s Life of Theodore Roosevelt In the years when Theodore Roosevelt was a boy, New York City was not THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND GOVERNOR CLEVELAND--GOOD WORK AS AN THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND GOVERNOR CLEVELAND--GOOD WORK AS AN One of the best things done by Theodore Roosevelt at that time was the As will be seen later, Mr. Roosevelt is what is called a family man, and he took great comfort in One day, early in the winter, Theodore Roosevelt and his foreman went When Theodore Roosevelt resigned, President Cleveland wrote as follows Theodore Roosevelt was chosen president, and the Board lost no time in Those five days were important to Theodore Roosevelt and to the men the people at large," said Theodore Roosevelt. "Now, therefore, I, Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States, "We must keep our hands off," said President Roosevelt, and at once First regular working day of President Roosevelt 22461 American commerce unless the States would confer the power of passing the other New England States closed their ports to British shipping, classes in all the States that Congress should be given power to pass since Pennsylvania would not support assumption, the New England States Government of the United States, or of any other Foreign Country, and to opened to direct commerce with the United States; but no American vessel Republican point of view, Jay''s treaty threw the United States into the receive a new minister from the United States. Parties in the State of New York, 1789-1840_ (2 vols., 1850). all the electoral votes in the New England States, leading Pinckney by a The news of the purchase of Louisiana reached the United States in the termed the hospitality of the United States, these British men-of-war coercing the United States into war with Great Britain. Constitutions, of new States, 303-04; 22567 The debt of England caused by the French and Indian War of 140,000,000 Difference between the Old Government and the New. Status of the State. Opposition of the Federalists to the War. New England Remonstrances. popular demonstrations, delegates from nine colonies met in New York, in War. Representatives from New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Plymouth met that year at New York; letters came from Virginia, Independence was adopted by vote of all the colonies but New York, whose Washington was holding New York City with about 10,000 men abandon New York September 15th, Washington retreated up the Hudson, and that a French fleet was on its way to America, marched for New York, by thus isolating New England from the Middle and Southern States, break Congress was requested to lay the new Great Charter before the States, that of New York State itself. by the remaining New England States, North Carolina also casting three 22591 counties gave the election to Clinton."--_Civil List, State of New could not cast New York''s vote, since a majority of the State''s adjutant-general of the State, president of the New York Society of Clinton''s New York party friends naturally desired a legislative State opposed the nomination, knowing that Republicans outside of New general government, and the governor of New York wished his State to of the New York Federalists in calling a state convention to determine statesman and governor of the great and patriotic State of New York." In New York, Van Buren''s party took his rejection as the friends of the State of New York and to delegates and men of influence who After Seward''s election, the Whig party in New York may be fairly friend to lead the state ticket, since the result in New York would the Republican State convention of March 22, 1876.--New York 22608 series of books, for use through life; making his little library, of all Let us now consider the subject of books fitted for public libraries. most new books wanted, except in the case of the one government library, bindings with the subjects of the books--and the British Museum Library mark long passages in pen and ink in books belonging to public libraries. be careful of the books in a public library will learn to be more careful condition of books and bindings in a much used public library, that Several great European libraries number as many pamphlets as books in year 955 volumes; the Buffalo Public Library 700 books in seventeen his private collection of books to found a "public library" in New York. departments of library work, cataloguing, supplying books and the titles of new books added to the library. As every considerable library has early printed books, a librarian must 22621 New England Manners and Customs in Time of Bryant''s Early Life Social Life in Early New England Rev. Anson Titus 63 Col. John Gardner, a man venerable in years and prominent in society, Mr. Webster was at this time thirty-five years old, and had taken up his The history of Attleboro, like that of so many other New England towns, SOCIAL LIFE IN EARLY NEW ENGLAND. There is much value in knowing of the past social life of New England. The days of the early New Englander were not all dark. There is something grand in the social life of the good old days. New England has given excellent life to the great West, man who insures in a level-premium life company knows whether such level-premium life companies this form of insurance is now largely entrance of new members at any time in the history of the company at a 22675 traveller says that New York houses had patterns of colored brick set in For half a century nearly all New England houses were cottages. Few of the early houses in New England were painted, or colored, as it wood for winter use, and it was said that a prudent New England farmer The old-time board-cloth was in no way inferior in quality or whiteness furnishing, or domestic use in any form to-day; but in colonial times known as the old English shape, and was in common use for half a Any one who passed through a New England village on a week day a century all the hand-looms that I know to be set up and in use in New England A little New England Miss Huntington, when twelve years old, was sent dignified form of New England meeting-house was usually a square wooden present day in New England; I saw last summer, several times, covered 2293 I should like far better to listen to my girl-readers'' thoughts about little sister, at play in a garden where I can at any time return and "before I was a little girl, and came here to live"; and it did seem to My sister prepared a neat little writing-book for me, and told me not and beautiful world belongs to God. I took exception to some verses in many of the hymns that I loved the like being nothing in particular--neither a child nor a little girl, people who lived near us were very rich, like those in books. I began to know that I liked poetry, and to think a good deal about it There was many a young girl near me whose life was like the beautiful beautiful little niece, to whom she could go home when the day''s work Like most young girls, I had a motherly fondness for little children, 22959 formation of an anti-slavery political party, and either withheld party, and was even trusted by some of the voting anti-slavery men. Democratic member of Congress from that State, refused to follow free States which had generally given Democratic majorities, while In this state of the country, and of the old parties, a new with the anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats of the Northern States, the United States Senators from New York, was nominated for Governor, anti-slavery men from different States to hold the balance of power to the growing anti-slavery sentiment of the Free States as Gov. Seward himself; but he was now to be severely tried, and no one insisted that the Whigs were better anti-slavery men than the Free of the great Slave Compromise party of the Nation, but to defeat Party changes caused by the slavery issue--Notable men in Congress Party changes caused by the slavery issue--Notable men in Congress 22994 the frontier by the Middle region, tarrying in New York or Pennsylvania fur-trading stage, the New England frontier towns were rather like mark In such colonies as New York and Virginia the land grants were often The frontier of a century later included New England''s colonies By the time of the Civil War the frontier towns of New England''s Old West settled northern Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, [75:1] On New England''s land system see Osgood, "American Colonies" (N. parent State of Connecticut, a New England colony in the Middle West, But these old ideals of the American pioneer, phrased in the new national effects of the settlement of this new social type in the Ohio by taking up land on a new frontier; the conditions of a settled society Territory, is now the new Middle Region of the United States. the pioneer of frontier New England. New York State, early frontier, 43; 23200 Negro Public School System in Missouri HENRY SULLIVAN WILLIAMS makes note of a public school for Indians and Negroes established in that in the slave States in 1860 there were 4,000 free Negro children Work, _The Negro Year Book_ (Nashville, Sunday School Union SCHOOLS FOR FREE NEGROS AND SLAVES into effect, of the thirty-four Negro schools[19] in the State only The work of the public school for the education of the Negro was similar case in the State until the Negroes enjoy schools equally good white teachers for Negro schools; and it is reported[70] that in many The Negro public schools of the State also suffered a decline[86] in teachers for the Negro rural schools of the State cannot be over lived in the Northern States; and it may well be that had Negro slave a large number of Negroes were taken from the United States by Great 23595 When a man who worked a hundred orphans fourteen hours a day, boys and New Lanark was making money because it was producing goods the world Oliver offered the man eighteen dollars for the mansion, cash down. Said James Oliver, "Man''s first business was to till the soil; He loaded the ship up again, and in a year the man came back with a one thing--your autograph!" said the man who was busy conquering a order to help along a virtuous and hard-working young man, the son of Peter Cooper was born in New York City in the year Seventeen Hundred For forty years Peter Cooper served the City of New York and the State, of George Peabody, more than any other man of his time, the two great On the ship that carried Stewart back to New York was a young man who 23689 Power deliberately brought this war upon the United States, to save people of the Free States to this great military and civil achievement. thousand square miles of territory sure to come in as Slave States; and cities in Slave States, containing six hundred thousand people, of whom Thus had the Free States, the people''s part of the Union, gone up in eighty years had the people concentrated against the Slave Power. aristocracy in arms to subdue the people of the United States with every martial forces has been strangely like the long, varied war of material, people had but one great general in the Revolutionary War. Until 1860 have seen how, for the last forty years, the people of the United States of the Old Faith; our people labored forty days and forty nights without In other words, as already said, _Vowel_-Sound is the Elemental 23742 [Illustration: CHARLEY''S HUMMING BIRDS.] Charley was a lively, inquiring boy, who liked to find out all he could finished, uncle Brown, who had, for a long time, a bit of a Museum in The first shell that Uncle Brown gave to Charley, was what is called a Uncle Brown had in his Museum, a great many Birds, as well as shells. Uncle Brown going out one day, to Charley''s father''s, carried several of The next bird Uncle Brown showed Charley, was a very curious looking Next uncle Brown showed Charley a bird, called the Parrakeet. and name of the bird, or animal, that once lived in the shell, and where Uncle Brown next gave Charley one of the most beautiful shells, that, He told Charley to put all these shells together in his Museum, because, "Here, Charley," said uncle Brown, "is a very beautiful shell for you, 23748 Opposed by Free-State Men. Kansas Admitted to the Union. began to moot plans for subduing the new Spanish-American States. Territory for admission into the Union as a slave State, called Union of the United States and admitted as soon as possible, according from the United States to England, for by the old process a slave could questions as to slavery in the Territories," no less than in the States Union as a State without slavery. pro-slavery clause was adopted, but only because the free-state men on slavery even in the slave States, had been elaborating and that slavery was a state institution only, and that hence any slave State of New York, led by ex-President Van Buren. The South held the Union to be a state compact, which the northern South, or even that of the border slave States, was more than re-enforce the Constitution''s guarantee to slavery in the slave States. 23771 "Come, Pewee, let''s play ball," said Will. "Well," said Bob Holliday hotly, "I say that Jack has just as good a "I don''t mean to shut up Jack," said Pewee, looking at Bob''s size, "but One morning, when Jack proposed to play a game of ball with the boys, said Bob, and the two boys set out for school together, Jack explaining King Pewee and company came back in time to see Jack dodge three balls "Pewee," said Jack, when he met him starting to school, after having When Ben Berry and Riley saw Pewee coming in company with Jack, they "But," said Jack, "if I had told, the master would have whipped Columbus "Look here, boys," said Jack, "I took a whipping yesterday to keep from "Pewee," said Riley, "I think you ought to pound Jack. "You are about as old a boy as Jack," said the master. 25819 General Plan of Brain, Synopsis of Cerebral Science If the science of man, the being in whom the spiritual and material The JOURNAL OF MAN, as the first periodical organ of the new The brain the centre of life--Its organs not distinctly affect the body; cerebral psychology shows how the brain and soul are express in a general manner the organic tendency, leaving to the the greatest energy of organic action the opposite faculty is entirely Hence the coronal half of the brain is the home of spiritual life, the the basilar organs exhausting the brain would bring to a more In expressing the functions of the brain by nomenclature, we are "The time has come," says our lady critic, "for mystery to work hand all subjects--religion, science, philosophy, and ethics. the anatomy but the functions of the brain as a mental organ--a well as the foundations of all spiritual science, and originates new 25851 "I think at that time Dickens took to writing small tales, and we had a time he came up, the man had taken the water at a wrong place, and in a That night must come on these fine days, in course of time was plain; for a moment, at what time of the day or night I should best like you to but at meal-times, as I read and write in our own little state-room. The second case had come in on the very day that Dickens visited the of his pleasant days there close, the little story of his Christmas book which Dickens wrote next day to the _Times_ descriptive of what we had impossible that he can read to-night!'' Says Dolby: ''Sir, I have told Mr. Dickens so, four times to-day, and I have been very anxious. Writing on New Year''s Day, Dickens himself 25889 Washington, in letters to the respective governors of those states. president said, "The United States in Congress assembled, are prepared Washington''s letter had a powerful effect upon the public mind. General Washington will be the president of the United States. vice-president, addressing Washington, said: "Sir, the senate and house United States, General Washington, a character whose conduct has George Washington, president of the United States, do hereby appointment of the great officers of government," Washington wrote to letter of, to Washington, anticipating war with France, iii. last general order of Washington to (_note_), iii. letters of Washington from, to Congress, on the state of the army, letter of Washington to General Knox in relation to, iii. appointed secretary of state by Washington, iii. letter of Washington to the president of Congress, in relation to the letter of Washington to the president of Congress, in relation to the 25900 soul, then human character, when rare and conspicuous in its traits or As the King in Egypt chose Joseph to teach his senators wisdom, no man had pre-eminent genius in politics, Sumner only accomplished talent, But in the moral region lay the real greatness of the man. great rival in the Senate; and when he also one day, speaking of his at all." Mr. Sumner aimed at the sun; and the feeling of philanthropic fallen," said my friend: no, a good man has risen. Lincoln, the man of providence, and Sumner, as I delight to call him, pall, a black sheet let down from the sky, like that of the great The great man''s The great man''s His meaning no man, white or black, in the land How, but as a man of principle, shall he stand for-ever in our memory Let his name, like that of Washington, be a 25911 Great Britain''s war necessities require aid of American shipping 86 Danger to British West India trade from an American war 384 carrying trade of the United States by the naval power of Great British Government injurious to American commerce, wrote as follows in United States Minister to Great Britain, "but to no effect; seamen, foreign trade of Great Britain was carried in American-built ships; British ships, owned and navigated as required by the Navigation Act. American vessels were excluded by omission, and while most necessaries Great Britain and the United States, in which American ships stood on ships of the United States, and Great Britain does not object to this trade between them and the United States to American vessels of not States that in the treatment of American ships Great Britain had attack upon the United States frigate "Chesapeake" by a British ship British Government towards the United States, even after war had been 25912 British capture the American naval schooners "Tigress" and expected in the spring, the United States ships of war that reached Captain Barclay, who commanded the British squadron in Perry''s action. equal to it." The new American ship, the "General Pike," possessed year later, to goad the British naval commander on Lake Champlain into blockaders was usually a ship of the line, the American vessels very Spanish sea-islands,--reported the United States naval officer at St. Mary''s towards the end of the war, "is immense. feared a British ship of war more than it did an enemy of equal force. [220] Data concerning American vessels captured by British ships have of such, the lakes must be made British waters, to which the American British ship was to be enabled to sail for the attack on the American official reports, as well British as American, concerning the New British to American merchant vessels, i. 26064 annexed foreign territory to the United States, like the Louisiana or Constitution to the territories of the United States is in Article IV, authority of the United States over the great Philippine Archipelago is [Sidenote: United States a Free-Trade Country.] Spanish government or its constituted authorities in said territories." war with Spain had already cost the United States far above United States, or whether acquired in treaties by the Nation itself. United States has no constitutional power to hold territory that is not ample constitutional power to acquire and govern new territory and therefore, under the Constitution of the United States, her right _The United States has as much power as any other Government._ "The Constitution of the United States established a Government, and _The United States can govern such territory as it pleases. _The United States can govern such territory through Congress._ Philippines and the war with the United States. 26069 nominee of that party, on the stump, declared that the demands upon Mr. Toombs''s legal talent in Georgia were too great to admit of his strict On the 10th of November Robert Toombs was elected United States Senator. carried but four States in the Union, caused, as Mr. Stephens and Mr. Toombs thought, by his refusal to indorse the Compromise of 1850. "In all governments," said Mr. Toombs, "the acquisitions of the state [Illustration: ROBERT TOOMBS, UNITED STATES SENATOR FROM GEORGIA, 1855.] In January, 1862, the General Assembly of Georgia elected Robert Toombs I am at home and can command money and men, and if Mr. Davis wants anything, I shall be glad to furnish it." General Toombs When General Toombs finally returned to Georgia it was with a great part Georgia, the State selected General Toombs to prosecute the cases. General Toombs declared that those public men who did not 26317 The Danger of living among Christians: A Question of peace or war Journal of Man--Language of Press and Readers power of the universe is spiritual and not material; that spirit may the world''s religions, more spiritual, devoted, loving, and heroic, to-day as one of the most exalted beings in the spirit world,--the sentiment appeared in the time of Jesus among inspired men, I believe, on peace--the strongest power in the world, the friend of all mankind, We have to-day a practical subject of discussion: Shall we, the people A large amount of that which the world calls greatness is nothing more Boston, has wonderful powers in the production of spirit pictures of brain: the great ventricles of which we have considered the position, [Hand pointing right] The recent issue of the JOURNAL in Boston was years ahead of its time."--_New Thought._ conceptions of the marvellous facts in man''s spiritual nature, from 26335 i told mother what old mister minister sed and mother she sed she gessed father wood have a prety mother sed that 10 days wood give her time to get sed what i thought father wood have lammed time mother and she sed i supose sum peeple wood say thing in his life and father sed no i gess he dident father he sed he got them cheep becaus they dident father sed he thougt it wood be all rite for Beanys boat sed the nex time we come up we will saled into me like time again then Pewts father sed things and one man sed i have got a 15 years old father had sed he thought old Boss got prety good Beany got a eg in the side and father sed i shood and Pewts father sed as long as i got 26424 The Prince of Orange lost no time in apprising the States-General of his thirty-one years old when the war came to an end by the peace of great and learned men wish it; but when I have been long dead, people soon all internal questions gave way to the great contest with America. and on June 29th adopted a form of State government and elected Mr. Henry governor. same time bodies of armed men ascended from New Orleans to form a treaty of peace till the time he entered on the presidency, he read, John Adams, the second president of the United States, was born on the time in the welfare of the country, Daniel Webster, in a speech at New remained several years, during which time he completed his education. after years of hard study, he spent some time in visiting places of high-water mark of popularity--always a dangerous time for a public man. 26498 condition, of Americans of that class to which Peter Cooper himself John Cooper came of age in the year of the Declaration of Independence. Peter Cooper--born February 12, 1791, in Little Dock (now Water) Street, instead of separately succeeding one another), we may consider first Mr. Cooper''s means and method of achieving personal success; and in this The manufacture and sale of the new shearing-machine, into which Mr. Cooper introduced many additional improvements, was a prosperous This patent, issued to Peter Cooper, of New York, for fourteen years to the said Peter Cooper, his heirs, administrators, which time Peter Cooper must have been perfecting the application for PETER COOPER''S acquaintance with the affairs of New York city ranged time the Cooper Union came to need for full efficiency both more money Mr. Cooper''s plan has been vindicated by the great work done with the 2654 States; and it shall be the duty of the President to canvass said votes constitutes the Territories of New Mexico and Utah and the present State was a slave State, and consequently the farther west the slavery men could fact that by that very law Missouri came in as a slave State, north of the Whether slavery shall go into Nebraska, or other new Territories, is not constitutional right to take and to hold slaves in the free States, demand General Government, five or six of the original slave States had adopted question of whether a new country shall be slave or free is a matter of as Kansas shall be free, you would vote for no man for Congress who would say to put the free-State men in the wrong for not voting at the election of and he knows that the free-State men place their refusal to vote on the 26727 Scotland, Great Britain, as a state or body politic; but as the life of guarantee of France, Great Britain, Austria, Spain, Russia, and Prussia. British government never swerved, that Great Britain was entitled to passed the house of lords in spite of strong opposition, was carried in war office and in the refusal of the king and cabinet to allow him to British products in January, 1810, and declared war on Great Britain in In the year 1812 war broke out between Great Britain and the United the United States had declared war against Great Britain on June 18, year Sir Edward Pakenham took command of a force operating against New same day Austria, Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia signed a treaty year Great Britain signed a commercial treaty with the new empire. Charles X., the new King of France, to support his proposal. settlement proposed by the powers, and Great Britain and France now 26797 For things to which I''ve said "Good-bye!" But men shall quaff thy soda sweet, [I was talking with a newspaper man the other day who seemed "Oh bard," I said, "your verse is free; I said, "he might have done good stuff. And I said, "I''ll bet a nickel I can write that way." LINES PROVOKED BY HEARING A YOUNG MAN Go, lovely Rose that lives its little hour! "This war is a terrible thing," he said, The people said they rather thought he did it as a trick, And writers said: "He thinks about the drooping girls and boys, There was a man in our town who said that he would share But on the word of a travelled man and a bard who has been around, Like me, who knows not what to think! An thou dost ill, shall this be still a poor thing, but mine ode. 26901 [Sidenote: Changes in New England] notable events of this year were the foundation of the New York State Peace was re-established in India shortly after New Year''s day. [Sidenote: New British acquisitions] In British India the new Governor-General, Lord retained in power by the new king, William IV., demanded from the French [Sidenote: Louis Philippe, King of France] [Sidenote: A new power in France] year President Jackson obtained from the French Government a promise of [Sidenote: Struggle over United States Bank] day of the year, General Clinch, commanding the troops in Florida, won a [Sidenote: England declares war on China] [Sidenote: Attempts to kill French king] Napoleonic wars, succeeded him as general commander of the French army. [Sidenote: Marshal-General of France] [Sidenote: New English Ministry] [Sidenote: Austria''s timely measures] [Sidenote: Russia declares war] [Sidenote: Russia declares war] [Sidenote: Russia declares war] [Sidenote: Powers declare war] [Sidenote: British war with Persia] 27597 this time for teaching logic.[209] Bentham was set to read Watt''s [201] The main authority for Bentham''s Life is Bowring''s account in the reference to it will show that Bentham by this time took the Voltairean At this time, Bentham says, that his was ''truly a miserable life.''[226] groundless.''[244] Bentham apparently argued that a man who did not like ''rights of man'' and ''equality'' than Bentham''s thoroughly scientific Bentham''s work would supply the principles and the classification. during Peel''s law reforms at this time Bentham frequently communicated general terms that Bentham founded not a doctrine but a method: and that Bentham''s general principles may be very simply stated. But I have now followed Bentham far enough to consider the more general Bentham''s man is not the partly of works published for the first time from Bentham''s MSS.; and Bentham--written between 1786 and 1789, first appeared in the _Works_ Bentham''s principles are sufficiently stated in his published 27716 Court House, where Martha''s mother, the former Eleanor Calvert (Mrs. John Parke Custis), had been living since she became the wife of David Thomas Jefferson lived for a while in George Town on the little street John Marbury married and lived for some years on Gay (N) Street, near "Old Mrs. Morris," as she was called, lived there many years alone and "Between the Union Tavern and Thomas Beall''s house on Gay Street." John In 1827 George Peter sold this house, 3017 N Street, to John Laird, The old house at 2806 is now the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Walker. fine old house where Mrs. James Cassin lived as a wealthy widow during Right across the street stood a dear old house some years ago. been until that time living on Congress (31st) Street in George Town, This house was, for more than a generation, the home of Colonel and Mrs. John Addison. 27742 school teacher is subject to the _same organic laws as other men_; and, teachers in the education of their children, young people naturally grow shall they receive this education, if not in the school-house? laws generally require that the school-teacher be, among other things, with the rudiments of knowledge by a good common school education, and have been blessed with a good common school education rise to a higher common school education giving, as a class, invariably a better mother who has a good common school education will rarely suffer her young man, who has not an education equal to a good common school derived from a good common school education, but that the better only 42--less than 1 in 20--had received a good common school education. education, all-important principles; that primary schools are the places personal observation of several thousand schools in different states, 27889 O, good old man, how well in thee appears And thank Heaven, fasting, for a good man''s love. There ''s hope a great man''s memory may outlive his life half a Nor love thy life, nor hate; but what thou liv''st Man''s life is like unto a winter''s day,-Men lived like fishes; the great ones devoured the small.[264-3] How good is man''s life, the mere living! Invite the man that loves thee to a feast, but let alone thine Nobody loves life like an old man. The whole life of man is but a point of time; let us enjoy it, whether a man shall look upon the same things for a hundred years There ariseth a little cloud out of the sea, like a man''s hand. Thou shalt come to thy grave in a full age, like as a shock of nobody loves, like an old man, 697. day, man''s life like a, 263. 27953 A new nation has appeared within the United States since the Civil War, The military successes of the United States in its Civil War maintained Like the army of the United States, which in time of war had to The four years of the Civil War carried the United States over a period the Presidency, and Horatio Seymour, the Democratic war Governor of New civil service reformers, disappointed in Grant, hoped that the new party The Civil War period marks a new era in the history of American Showing the party in control of the national government in each Congress the great parties to put general pledges for civil service reform into years after the Civil War. The United States was politically fatigued the United States Express Company, in New York, were the most striking United States and Spain: The Spanish American War_ (2 vols., 1911). 27963 of Universal History; _Barnes_, Studies in Education; _Stoddard''s_ =Higher Education.=--There are no high schools, but men who have taken Religions; _Durrell_, New Life in Education; _Myers_, Ancient History; But more important as direct means of higher education were the Schools children with great care, and the attendant of the child to school was =Secondary Education.=--At twelve the boy entered a school taught by an Life in Education; _Laurie_, Rise of Universities; _Lecky_, History of and universal education, are the central principles of the schools of Other great teachers in the schools and in the universities carried _Williams_, History of Modern Education; _Laurie_, Life and Works of secondary and university education in the same school. Locke did not believe in universal education, nor in the public school. Life, Work, and Influence of Pestalozzi; _Quick_, Educational Reformers; Board of Education in United States school system, 310, 311. Universal education, in German schools, 131, 170. 28013 Early in the present century, and for a long series of years in the past, So, at first, in the days of the declining trade of the town, they said home." Our town, too, looked old; though far from being so substantially of Mr. John Bromfield, a native of the town, but long a respected old inhabitant, that the richest person in the town, near the close of the chief men of both parties stood at the door of the Town Hall, on days uncle''s house was of the old-fashioned New England description, purpose of a long-concerted visit; and a good part of the day was stood at the window looking up the street towards the old house above, of woe, at last said, "Don''t you know the bad news I have heard to-day?" Indeed, the town became for a time a noted place for the publication of 28020 Law--Women rejected as Delegates to Men''s State Conventions at Albany two days, 1853--State Woman''s Rights Convention at Rochester, years, men, too, have been ardent believers in equal rights for woman. slave and woman were alike in harmony with the expressed will of God. Thus women from the beginning took an active part in the Anti-Slavery to think that woman is entitled to equal rights with man. County Conventions upon woman suffrage held in the State of New York, Woman''s Rights and Duties," clearly demonstrating the equality of man law were passed to-morrow, declaring woman''s rights equal with until woman has her natural rights as the equal of man, and takes Tribune_--National Woman''s Rights Conventions in New York City, 1. Should not all women living in States where woman has the right to for the JUST AND EQUAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN, and the other for WOMAN''S 28039 and woman shall stand by man''s side his recognized equal in rights as limits of national power and State rights formed the basis of the new the "Suffrage Discussion," said: "All men and women have the right to Constitution and laws of the United States has a right to vote the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall the right of a citizen of the United States to vote shall 28247 discoveries of sun-spot and magnetic periodicity and of spectrum Early Views as to the Nature of Sun-spots--Wilson''s Observations and Period of Magnetic Disturbance--Sun-spots and Weather--Spectrum 1901--Movements of Sun and Stars--List of Great Telescopes--List of the "apex," or point of direction of the sun''s motion, close to the star for if the earth really travelled in a vast orbit round the sun, objects were observed for the first time, besides 3,347 double stars discovered [Footnote 117: _Results of Astronomical Observations made during the [Footnote 204: Observations on Uranus, as a supposed fixed star, went Newton showed that the bodies known as "comets," or _hirsute_ stars, records of sun-spot observations, from the time of Galileo and Scheiner dark-line solar spectrum, certain differences were perceiving, showing Sir John Herschel showed that heat-rays at the sun''s surface must [Footnote 755: _The Distance of the Sun from the Earth determined by the 28285 had found in an odd corner,--the old man hid things like a magpie. Deacon Rumrill," he said, a little amused with the worthy man''s fear and herself gratified with his appearance, and thought he looked like a good "Our lips have met to-day for the second time," he said, presently. effective plan afore long, for looks goes a good ways, and even when we "It was a good many year," he said, "not till I was a''most a man, before my brain in book learning all day till come night, and I was hard put to rock, about eight feet high; some folks thought it looked like a man. Pretty soon I looked up, and the door was open; some men were coming in, said to have considered four lines of poetry a day good work. the room among my patients, "I want to know, my man, if this doctor said 28328 political party, falsely called _Democrats_, who seek the Foreign and corporation claiming the right to be called the Great Democratic Party, came out in opposition to the American nominees, in its issue of Feb. 29th, 1856, on account of the _Pro-slavery_ character of the new Roman Catholics than the American party have ever proposed to go. the Catholic Church in this country, has taken an oath, administered by MEN--these are all oath-bound societies of the Catholic Church, right of these foreign Catholics to vote against and proscribe American the opposition of the American party to the Catholic Church. Gov. Johnson said this new party of self-styled Americans professed to Roman Catholic Church, throughout the length and breadth of our State; right, honor, state, or power; and if I shall know any such Presbyterian Church, and a member of the American party, was nominated State Executive Committee of the American Party, Nashville, Tennessee_, 2835 aimed to save British power by confirming French-Canadian nationality imminence of war with the United States, for a time drew all men In the first year the American plans for invading Upper Canada came to Lower Canada was a unit against the invader, and French-Canadian Governor of United Canada twenty years later. United States and Great Britain, Canada would be the battlefield. But these leaders in turn soon gave way to new men; and the political British Government transferred to Canada all its rights and claims over cost to Canada." Yet when the time came for the Canadian Parliament to A change in party now followed in Canada, but the new Government under The political union of Canada and the United States has always found to the outbreak of the war over 1,100,000 Britishers came to Canada. The relations between Canada and the United States now came to show the 28350 homes which the white men were mak-ing in the new lands, and so help of war were seen; a fierce fight took place at Lex-ing-ton, one Sun-day came home in 1787, af-ter twelve years of hard work, he was met with year he went to the qui-et old home, and told his fa-ther of the life in Wash-ing-ton, in which the old-er man had once held so great a place. All the years that Jack-son was pres-i-dent, our great land gained in friends the great men of his day;--Wash-ing-ton and Ben-ja-min law, he was near Jack-son''s home; and he and the great Gen-er-al be-came love books which told of great fights and brave men, and read all that He was a young man when his state sent him to Wash-ing-ton When he left his home to go to Wash-ing-ton, a great crowd came to see the pres-i-dent and oth-er great men from Wash-ing-ton were brought to 28384 voyage, and when the two families finally reached New York, Mrs. Cohen the pleasant reminders left me of the old days of my New York life. Many years later I visited Boston again, this time as the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. while temporarily residing in New York with his daughter, Mrs. Samuel L. One of the social leaders in New York during my younger life was Mrs. Isaac Jones, who, in her own set, was known as "Bloody Mary." Why this Colonel in the Union Army during the Civil War. The British Consul General in New York from 1817 to 1843 was James State of New York, while Mrs. Scott, as is well known, was from About this time Mrs. Scott was much in New York, where her third friends, the family of William Kemble, who was still residing on St. John''s Park in New York. 28456 twenty-one years old he was hanged, by order of General William good many seafaring men, were reserved for service near New York, this country in the following year, but little was accomplished Madame Roland was at this time thirty-eight years old; her brilliant apply again the next year; but poor Stephenson was discredited, Mr. George Rennie, the great bridge engineer, was employed to make a new short time passed in his youth in its vicinity, were spent by Mr. Cooper in the city of New York. conveyed to his native country upon a United States man-of-war; and Although his great life-work was finished, Mr. Garrison abated no returning flag-ship at Disco, Kane and his men reached New York, thirty miles from New York City, near the country home of his some monarchs are called "Great" and some "Little," so for all time years of age, in 1861, the great Civil War having broken out, 28556 Ignorant to Vote--Republican State Convention--Women on School Committee on Woman Suffrage--State Convention, 1873--Rev. Robert of the State by Women--Election Day--The Amendment Lost, 40,000 Men Associations Formed in 1869--State Society Organized at Mt. Pleasant, 1870, Henry O''Connor, President--Mrs. Cutler Answers Ballot--Effort to Repeal the Law, 1871--Gov. Campbell''s Veto--Mr. Corlett--Rapid Growth of Public Opinion in Favor of Woman Suffrage of Rights for Women by the National Woman Suffrage Association, [52] On the Tuesday following the convention a large number of St. Louis people met and formed a woman suffrage society, auxiliary to rights of women of the United States, said committee to be called new law "allowing women to vote for school committees." As soon as Women''s Medical College, of the New York Infirmary, by Mrs. Josephine Shaw Lowell of the State Board of Charities, and by Drs. Willard Parker, Mary Putnam Jacobi, and other eminent physicians of 28618 our Army in New York--Words of Washington--Letter to his wrote the "Life of George Washington," and he said,-with the life and times of our George Washington in Virginia. "I think that George comes as near doing it as any one," suggested Mrs. Washington. "A great change has come over him since yesterday," he said to Mrs. Washington. "I have no doubt that George deserves well of his country," Mrs. Washington replied, "but, my good sir, here is too much flattery." agreed that George should return to Virginia, and accompany Mrs. Washington and children to Bermuda, where she would meet her husband. On the next day Washington received the commander''s reply to Governor "Raise a force of two or three thousand men," said Washington, "and Washington left General Schuyler in command at New York and hastened About this time General Washington made the following address to his "Until Congress orders otherwise, General Washington shall be possessed 28641 Excellency John Wentworth, Esq., Governor of New Hampshire, and his subscribed for the use of said Dartmouth College, if placed in Hanover graduated at Yale College in 1764, during the presidency of Rev. Thomas Clap, of whom his associate in the Faculty, the future school and college, Dr. Wheelock combined great patience and kindness "The action: ''The Trustees of Dartmouth College _v._ William H. "To the Rev. and Honorable Board of Trustees of Dartmouth College, honorably the president of Dartmouth College, thus referred to Dr. Dana''s connection with the institution: Professor Crosby, in speaking of the college life of the class of Esq., "the Trustees of Dartmouth College by this and the following Dartmouth College, at such time as by said trustees, or the major part the said _Trustees of Dartmouth College_, and the _president_, tutors it shall be the duty of the _President_ of said _Dartmouth College_ 28653 At his entrance before the King, all the people gave a great shout. assented, and spake of going into another Room; but Mr. Airs and Mrs. Noyes presently rose up, and went out, leaving us there alone. Mrs. Anne Cotton came to door (twas before 8.) said Madam Winthrop was that Man who is our peace, come to be called "the children of God." company called to a plain, clean old man, with white locks, "Pray, great observers of set days and times.'' The day comes round before you stuff for a new coat, I went away resolved to wear my old one a little came to this place (for I had not time to do it before I left home) every man was of my mind, the ministers of Great Britain should know, you, and all that belong to you, from this time till the great day 28831 Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law "An Act to establish the judicial courts of the United States," shall said laws of the United States, no appeal shall be allowed to the shall not be lawful for the authorities of the United States, or of that President of the United States, or such other person as he shall have President of the United States, or such person as he shall empower for President of the United States shall have declared, by proclamation, That whenever the President of the United States shall have reason That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, or 28860 [NOTE A.] Letter to John Saunderson, Esq. TO JOHN PAGE, January 22, 1779 TO JOHN PAGE, August 20 1785 LETTER XLIV TO JAMES MADISON, January 30, 1787 * LETTER XCVIII, TO JOHN ADAMS, September 28, 1787 TO JOHN ADAMS, March 2, 1788 LETTER XXXII TO WILLIAM SHORT, July 26, 1790 LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT, April 4, 1791 TO JOHN PAGE, July 17, 1807 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, July 9, 1819 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, August 15, 1820 TO JOHN ADAMS, September 4, 1823 TO JOHN ADAMS, September 4, 1823 28992 of the Constitution of the United States by the Virginia Convention was Madison, whose name appears "in a document in the State Paper Office at Madison wrote to Jefferson--then governor of Virginia--his opinion of On another question, two years afterward, Mr. Madison refused to accept which Madison wrote, to commend it to the acceptance of the States. Mr. Rives gives a letter from Jefferson to Madison at this time, which Madison wrote to Jefferson, who was now a delegate in Congress, pointing Madison''s anxiety was great lest his own State should be carried away by France declared war against England, and the United States had Madison''s part, during the eight years of Jefferson''s presidency, is Mr. Madison for years had opposed a war with England as unwise and Constitution of the United States, part of Madison in framing, 84, 85; power of Congress to regulate slavery in, stated by Madison, 159; 2900 James Franklin printed the "New England Courant", the fourth newspaper John Stevens of New York and Hoboken had set up a machine shop that cotton was in use in the New World quite as early as in India. the year 1765, that Eli Whitney, inventor of the cotton gin, was born. Like so many young New Englanders of the time, Whitney sought employment partners decided to manufacture the machines in New Haven, Whitney high-pressure steam engine and new machinery for manufacturing flour New England inventors had been busy devising improved machinery of all Joab Center of Hudson, New York, patented a machine for turning invention falls to Samuel Finley Breese Morse, a New Englander of old trained a large number of mechanics and inventors of new machine tools, He found time also to describe the new invention "What does Dr. Franklin conceive to be the use of this new invention?" 29003 United States attaches to the Pan American conferences, and by personal BRAZIL TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE hearts, the American republics form already a great political unit in other in the great work of advancing civilization; let the United States this country for the people of the United States. Government of the United States shall make the peoples of the north and Your great nation, Mr. Secretary of State, is not new to this work. Government considered that the new South American states had established great work of educating the people of the American republics to peace, Mr. President, the people of the United States feel that the world owes The honored Secretary of State of the American nation is feel for the people of the United States and her great ruler, President the United States, and the men of the Latin American race peopling the 29083 young man who looks like an Italian prince (I mean, the way an Italian Suppose, anyhow, we just let Mr. Storm tell us--since he''s an expert--what he means by the ''right way'' of "In thinking it over," Ed Caspian explained to Larry, "Mrs. Shuster and Ed Caspian looked as if he suspected that having Marcel and Peter Storm was the _dearest_ old thing, who very likely had never seen New York. would look like Peter Storm in some ways--that is, he would have such "But Storm''s still supposed to be Mrs. Shuster''s secretary," said Jack. Oh yes, every prospect pleases, and only Ed Caspian is vile--though Mrs. Shuster is a good second, and Pat--but I said I wouldn''t mention them, these lovely houses are like inside; and the first thing you know, you "No, Caspian, it''s not a lie," said Peter Storm, whom Jack and I have 29368 among old men in Virginia, of Patrick Henry''s uncle, his mother''s own Patrick Henry came to have upon the people of Virginia is an historic From the close of Patrick Henry''s first term in the Virginia House of colonies," Patrick Henry was chosen to represent Virginia on the Patrick Henry demanded of the people of Virginia that they should army in Virginia, the chief command was given to Patrick Henry. [176] Patrick Henry''s reasons were thus stated by him at the time to Patrick Henry as commander-in-chief of the forces of Virginia,--the led General Lee, on the following day, to write to Henry a letter General Assembly to make Patrick Henry the dictator of Virginia. legislature of Virginia upon Governor Patrick Henry; and afterward, in Patrick Henry and his associates in the Virginia convention to do? In the following year, General Henry Lee, then governor of Virginia, 29438 States.--Amsterdam protests.--The English Court declares the Court remains here, I did not know until his letters for Congress twentyfive thousand dollars drawn by the order of Congress on Mr Jay. Only two bills of that sum have as yet been presented, and between The Minister from Russia has not yet received the orders of his Court Jay has received various letters and papers from Congress, dated in I have the pleasure of informing Congress, that the Court of France of which I enclose a copy, having omitted it in my letters to Mr Jay. The importance of early and regular intelligence from Europe is so and said that the letters lately received by the British Court from my letter to Dr Franklin, the present state of affairs in this President of the States-General, a letter to their High Mightinesses, High Mightinesses the States-General, he did me the honor to present 29608 history of the civil war as Troop E, Sixth Michigan cavalry Second brigade, Third division, cavalry corps, army of the Potomac. brigade was ordered to report to General Gregg and he (Custer) did men began to emerge from the woods on the left of the confederate line, Custer''s brigade lost one officer (Major Ferry) and 28 men killed; 11 officer in the Fifth Michigan cavalry, who like Colonel Brooke-Rawle passed from right to left, "General Kilpatrick orders that the line time, there were two brigades--an entire division--commanded by General Custer then brought up his entire command and formed a line of battle, of this battle made by a regimental commander in Custer''s brigade regiment--the Sixth Michigan cavalry--was taken entirely by surprise field, but General Custer sent the Fifth Michigan, Colonel Russell A. commanders of the Michigan cavalry brigade regiments for the Gettysburg officers and the intrepidity of the men in the Michigan cavalry brigade 29726 moisture yet sparkled like dew--turned to the old man: like caressing hands of light, until her figure, passing into a solid "Shall I put up your horse?" said a small voice, and the soldier "How did you like the play, Mr. Saint-Prosper?" said Barnes, as he "Good-night, every one!" said a sweet voice, as Constance passed "One good turn deserves another," said Barnes to Saint-Prosper, when Saint-Prosper returned the manager''s glance in kind; Barnes'' candor "Ah, Kate," she said, a moment later, "what a fine-looking young man going, and, on my word"--raising his hands to his head--"I feel like door!" said a little man who seemed a person of authority. "Yes," he said, meaningly, his eyes challenging Saint-Prosper''s. Saint-Prosper hesitated a moment and the land baron''s face fell. "It is an old man who died last night," said a nun in a low voice to 29736 overwhelming world-influences of this great ''living Present''--the ghost In this way a Jew old-clothes man, holding his hand on his true to life of far lands and lives, of valley and river, sea and shore. uniting power of America, and keep alive a love for the great national thoughts, many forms sweep past--the beautiful young man is gone, small stream of water, like a great villa, white and smiling, with ''To-day a traveller went through the town; the dear God may know on, like Gebers, with their rosy faces and great, hopeful eyes ever ''Fish-land, my beauty,'' said Henrietta, playfully; ''let us hear _your_ ''I am going to live in a new country,'' said she, gravely, as we entered are just opening glad eyes to the glorious light, the great world looks fresh miracle as soon as the present has had its day--like the man who, 2984 Howells, working like a beaver, in turn urged Clemens to setting that Mark Twain loved, and as he read there came a correlative Cord, by great presence of mind and bravery saved the lives of Mrs. Clemens''s sister-in-law, Mrs. Charles ("Charley") Langdon, her little The "Mark Twain" party, consisting of Mr. and Mrs. Clemens, Miss In a written word of good-by to Howells, Clemens remembered a debt of A letter written by Mrs. Clemens at the time "General, let me present Mr. Clemens, a man almost as great as yourself." Last night, when I went to bed, Mrs. Clemens said, "George didn''t Clemens saw General Grant again that year, but not on political business. In that charming volume, ''My Mark Twain'', Howells tells us of Clemens''s In a sketch written a great many years later Mark Twain tells of "I''ve been doing it for a year, Mr. Clemens," I said. 29870 woman suffrage as in Iowa, and yet for the past thirty years the women to the equality of woman, figures of women''s vote, State needs California declares for Woman Suffrage -Laws for women -Ellen October, 1869, when, at a State woman suffrage convention held in St. Louis, Mo., Francis Minor, a leading attorney of that city, declared Woman Suffrage Question, and Mrs. Stanton closed the convention. THE UNITED STATES EXTENDING THE RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE TO WOMEN. Committee on Woman Suffrage, which took place April 2.[72] Mrs. Stanton made the opening address, in which she took up the provisions more beautiful and inspiring than these, presided over by Mrs. Cooper.[165] The best speakers in the State, men and women, suffrage to all citizens of the United States, both men and women." Mrs. Johns, State president, went to the National Suffrage Convention SUFFRAGE: Women have the same right as men to vote on all questions 2988 Mark Twain in those days when you and he "went gipsying, a long time of the little lad whom the world would one day know as Mark Twain. Tom Blankenship one morning came to Sam Clemens and John Briggs and said If your memory extends so far back, you will recall a little sandyhaired boy--[The color of Mark Twain''s hair in early life has been So Sam Clemens got the little book, and presently it "fairly bristled" As long as he lived Samuel Clemens would return to those old days present) Mark Twain one day came upon the old imitation pipe. In Mark Twain''s old note-book occurs a memorandum of the frog story--a Of Mark Twain''s lecture the Times notice said: presently a little afternoon group was gathering to hear Mark Twain read letter telling of these things Samuel Clemens said: "Henry Ward Beecher Clemens said very little at the time. 3004 of Mr. Jefferson as President of the United States was marked by extreme For Secretary of War Jefferson chose another reliable New Englander, The appointment by Jefferson of James Madison as Secretary of State Secretary of State, he saw Mrs. Merry left without an escort, while Mr. Madison took Mrs. Gallatin to the table, he believed that a deliberate record, who declared war on the United States, May 10,1801, by cutting Louisiana, without ceding to the United States at least New Orleans and set his hand to the treaty which ceded Louisiana to the United States on history," writes Henry Adams, * "the people of the United States learned, "the proposal of the President of the United States for proceeding to Had the new Secretary of State known the instructions which the British the news of war with Great Britain; and Governor, State militia, and followed in Adams''s "History of the United States," vols. 30141 the high court,[3] and the laws which governed its decisions were called Christian laws of the Orient, that in connection with this state-life principles by which a nation or state is governed,'' etc. safety--must, in time of rebellion and civil war, possess such powers, corner stone of his new Government rests upon the _great truth_ that life been devoted to study and thought on the great principles of social Intellectual freedom should be secured in free countries, adds Dr. Draper, as completely as the rights of property and personal liberty. intellectual truths in the progress of the human race; and the nature of mental faculties, Unity relates to the moral powers, and Individuality spiritual force, as in the case of the human soul, frequently departing universe and of the spirit world; when we see--as we shall see--laws and national governments of all races and peoples, to one great Unity of 3034 slavery and the slave-trade are instances of war against human nature. original colonies or States adopted slavery by law. great body of active abolitionists were from the slave States or organizing anti-slavery societies north of the Ohio River, Birney at at the annual meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Society held in New both North and South, he was fully persuaded that the new pro-slavery Anti-slavery Society of New York to address the women of that city. The New England Anti-Slavery Society, of which Garrison was the chief of slavery, where by the laws of the said State, territory, or district slavery from any Territory belonging to the United States; that the support of the Fugitive Slave Act. The Free-soil party, with John P. and the arrest of the leaders of the free-state party, Kansas had not United States, "slavery existed nowhere on the national territory" 3036 railroad, instead of a canal, across New York State from the Hudson many of the early railroads in these new Western States were built as had come over the railroad situation as a result of the Civil War. The time extending from 1860 to about 1875 marks the second stage in The New York Central and Hudson River Railroad was the New York Central and Pennsylvania Railroad early in 1900 acquired a financial world by his New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, with obtained an entry into New York City by acquiring the United Railroad new company, the New York, Lake Erie and Western Railroad, took over Railroad of the New York Central system, it now controlled the Reading Railroad of New Jersey, over the lines of which the Baltimore and Ohio branches, while a new company--known as the Southern Pacific Railroad practical merger with the Great Northern Railroad Company: the old stock 3040 issue was squarely faced by a new party organized for the purpose of This new organization, the Republican party, rapidly assumed form party, representing thirteen States, met in a national convention in politics, the men who founded our state and national governments were City councils, legislatures, mayors, governors, Congress, and presidents elected United States Senator against the powerful combination of the the three days of voting (in New York State until 1840 elections sachem, was removed from the office of city controller by his own party city''s financial policies; and was elected State Senator, thereby All these changes in city government, in municipal laws and political In New York a State Commissioner of Elections was of such party for state and national offices; and I have not enrolled various candidates for state office form a party council and frame the of a political party since the State began forty years ago to bring the 30611 Having satisfied herself for the time being with human nature, Miselle dried to carry away before my men came in to work the next morning. his wild ways," said the old woman kindly, as the wagon, with a said,--"The boy belongs to a good family, and he shall never want while so far as it went; the officers and men around me were in good spirits, woman,'' she says; and the poor, dear little boy,--won''t you let him come "This man lives above the world," said the people; and if some of them great life-giving, warming power called Love, which exists in human like a machine, striking in now and then in good time and tune, I looked her John in the days of their engagement,--the little ways, half loving, but her mother looked up, in her cool, business-like way, and said, in Like many good men of the day, they depended largely on Southern 30720 One day this brave dog found a little child in a half-frozen state. Come look in my eyes, little children, "Eighteenpence!" said the man; "that is a great deal for a thing like kind face looking so beaming that it seemed a little bit like _really_ "Poor little things!" said he; and the tears stood in his eyes. always did when he''d had a good day." "Mother and children," said she, "Come, Sarah; I always knew you were a kind little girl," said Mrs. Pike, in a coaxing tone, to the youngest and smallest of the group; "Now, boys," said he, "yes all go above a little way, wade out into "Now, just one good cuddle," said little six-year-old Freddie, "and likeness to the dear old lady in it, and mother felt sure her boy "Are you not going to take your little girl with you?" said the old 30747 CHAPTER 5: George William Fairfax house, south façade. Colonels Fairfax; and from Mount Vernon, young George Washington and his [Illustration: Plan of the Town of Alexandria by George Washington. Fairfax Court House, which town promotion had brought to Alexandria. Museum of Art houses one of the great rooms from Alexandria; the St. Louis Museum another; and some interior woodwork has found its way to The fifteen-year-old George took a great liking to young Fairfax, and houses of George William Fairfax, Dr. James Craik and Dr. Elisha Cullen half acres of land in the town of Alexandria with ye houses, gardens and young family was doubtless residing in General Washington''s town house, John Harper''s property housed many of Alexandria''s important citizens. The little houses, known in Alexandria for many years as the Washington house and lot at the "bottom of his garden" on Washington Street, and 31017 little-known study of Henry James he wrote: "All creative art is new woman, some wholesome truths uttered at a time when man has Hamletic soul, this attractive young man, born with a metaphysical Little wonder Mr. Robertson calls Kipling''s "the art of a great talent with a cheap profound influence on the art and life of Tolstoy. second." Also sprach Tolstoy in that madman''s book called What is Art? see what the music of the new man is like. composers, young and old, he no doubt believes that his day will come. things are of the past, whether in music, art, literature, and--let the new work is replete with bad symbolism and worse music-spinning. verse or music, not painting, as too many ideas, like too many cooks, life and art--for with our eyes we create our world--and his intense Personally he was not in the least like his art, a 31051 the streets roll night and day, like great arteries, to feed, replace, Come out in great force, as in the old Chartist times; tell the little world, Dely passed the first year of her wedded life, and then time before; and one stormy day, the last week in March, a team coming working-man increased, in some cases doubled, the labor of men in every other articles which a government consumes in time of war, and which men and opening her eyes in great wonderment when the good woman talks about her people for one third of the year, and that that of New England is In the year 1839 Mr. Cobden had heard John Bright speak with great power the productive power of nations, have all come since that day. accomplish but little in that great work of forming human character also had a work of necessity on hand,--fifty men, women, and children, 31068 Livingston was one of the men with whom Jackson at this time formed a half past one o''clock Jackson knew in New Orleans that the enemy was at It was late in the year 1817 before General Jackson was again called to agreed that he should be Vice-President, and probably General Jackson, Jackson swept the West and South and carried the great States March 4, 1829, Andrew Jackson became President of the United States. Lewis who really ruled the country while Jackson was President; and it Jackson had, indeed, great respect for the rights of the States under On these important questions, then, President Jackson acted like an Jackson was the last man in the country to President, and called on the people to defeat Andrew Jackson in order to Clay, who, like Jackson, loved his country with his whole heart, Jackson men had a majority; in the Senate, the opposition. 31085 "I think, sir," said the young man reverently, "that I ought to thank Like many other young men of ability, Balzac felt the little rubs--or echo of the life of his time, of the world he lived in, finds its way "Look here, Rounders," said the reclining man, "I have a word to say to perhaps, be placed upon a head that doubted even the existence of a God. He was not a bad man, but merely one of that class who have embraced the Some thought like this was passing through the mind of Miss Minola Grey, has become a sort of great man in London, I believe--I don''t know how. "Yes," said the younger man, talking for the first time with an "My grievance is against the Government," the young man said with a "I dare say you will know my name," the young man said with a sort of 31092 The patriot army of some eighteen thousand men was at this time days later, three men-of-war forced their way up the St. Lawrence ten days, there were ten thousand men ready to fight the redcoats. the old-time soldier, who had seen long service in the British army, men-of-war, "when those ships come to lay alongside of your fort, "I will do my best, General Washington," said the colonel, as he took the British general after a few days to quit the good city of Boston? Washington desired to send his right-hand man, General Greene, to [Illustration: Washington taking Command of the American Army, at Greene gave Morgan the command of about a thousand men, with orders in lower New York, when Washington said good-by to his generals! Washington and other far-sighted men of Virginia began to work out [Illustration: "Old Ironsides" bearing down on a British Man-of-War] 31131 The Indians of Virginia did not wish to have the white men among them. Little Turtle called a grand council of all the chiefs, red and white. Our Great Father would rather believe a white man, than an Indian." fought for his people, against the white men, who have come year after An Indian who is as bad as the white men could not live in our nation; few years the Indians will be like the white men, and nobody can trust days to have chiefs and warriors from the various Indian tribes sent to "The white chief must take his soldiers out of this country. United States that it must keep the white men out of Sioux country. A great many Indians had rallied to Sitting Bull and his comrade chief But the white men could easily get more soldiers; Chief Joseph could He was the last of the great chiefs of the American Indians. 31278 the Church with the State; and great part of his country was governed by liberty and property captivated even the bolder mind of Fox. By his idea that the powers of government ought to be divided according State that America influenced political opinion in Europe, and that the State, but the authority of the Church and the purity of her doctrine, spirit in her political institutions more than any Catholic nation. In most Catholic countries the Church preceded the State; principles of government were absolutely right in all States; and they and the authority which the Catholic Church possesses in the Holy See. Having shown the value of the Papacy by the results which have ensued on The history of Church government was the influence which doctrine and authority of the Catholic Church, the Cardinal adds, "I am reason with faith, liberty with authority, politics with the Church. 31298 W. Greenough, brother-in-law of Judge Curtis, was one of the Jury. due process of law, with no judge, no jury, no judicial officer. appoint men for judges and other officers of the court, who know no Thus, Gentlemen of the Jury, is it that judges who know no law but the Boston a fugitive slave bill court, eager to kidnap men and so gain Besides, after the Jury declares a man guilty, the Judge has the power King-power makes a wicked law, the Judge, who is himself made by that great concourse of people attending the court on the "law-days;" the Grand-Jury, in Circuit Court of United States, at Boston, taken charged,--for otherwise the Jury must judge of the Purpose of Law, "the Jury judged as to facts, law, and justice of the whole, and Justice Parker who said it was not for the jury to judge whether a law 31315 The American Negro Academy celebrated the centenary of Charles Sumner at Every time a great man comes on the stage of human affairs, the fable of man be equal to his time and task? of Charles Sumner to the Senate of the United States. great office came to him by the laws of gravitation and character--to him As Sumner entered the Senate the last of its early giants was leaving it Whether accident or prophecy, Sumner''s entrance into the Senate was into national: slavery sectional" was his theme. From that time Sumner''s position became one of constantly increasing slave leaders did not forgive Sumner, nor forget their scars. At this juncture Sumner delivered in the senate a philipic, the like of Such a terrible arraignment of the slave power in general, and of Senator senate chamber of the Republic with blood on his head and face and 31425 presumed, as in the case of a common-law English or State court, meaning of the word citizen in the Constitution of the United States, Court of the United States, are regulated by different laws, and stand Constitution; and that the Circuit Court of the United States, for extra-territorial effect of a State law and the act of Congress in States, and that by force of the power to govern, laws could be several States; but the court held that Congress had no power to the Constitution of the United States, or any law of Congress. courts of the slave States cannot be called to give effect to the law United States in a case to which the Constitution and laws of the Constitution and laws, are thereby made citizens of the United States, the laws of the United States, respecting slavery in this Territory, necessity of some power to govern the territory of the United States 31455 On his way home in the year 1839, he passed a few days in London, and year preceding his death, he passed his time as in a dream, with little, and the cows looked up at it, and saw the great glass eyes of the face "Yes, sir," said a young man on the collector''s right; "I can make "So, we are prisoners, it seems!" said the young man who spoke French, "You are a noble boy, little John," said Mrs. Bull, with a mother''s You may well look at the poor thing, John!" said Mrs. Bull; "for ma?" said little John, looking up into his mother''s face inquiringly. I''d like a little more discussion.'' ''Talk away, Phil,'' said the "Then," said the wise man, "every thing shall go into it." On the other hand, no man likes to build, or rebuild, a great public 3157 the Old World to establish the priority of the United States in American States and the other American powers were too great to permit a In entering the Great War in the twentieth century the United States has War. When the United States divided within, the strength of the nation the United States and its claim to priority in American affairs would United States as "Elder Sister" of the South American republics, while the meeting of a Pan-American Congress in the United States. the United States, Great Britain, and Germany, spent their time in United States could not come immediately, for the American Commission of the United States into the war with Spain; and this public actually had the Spanish American War was a great adventure; for the nation it was a In a large way, ever since the Spanish War, the United States has been 31641 offices, a doctor of civil law of Bologna in his forty-fourth year, he work, and at the same time keep the common law sittings going in London, The term cissoid has been given in modern times to curves generated in famous work, _The History of Civilization in England_ (1857-1861), CIVIL SERVICE, the generic name given to the aggregate of all the public _British Empire._--The appointments to the civil service until the year _United States._--Civil service reform, like other great administrative general features, is based upon the national civil service law, but (ii.) _The Roman Age._--(a) _Latin Studies._--In the 1st century B.C. the foremost scholar in Rome was L. thirty years of his long life (1370-1460), producing text-books of Greek During the 18th century, in Greek as well as in Latin, the general aim English "third form." The old Latin school had only one main subject, 31789 connection both with the British and United States governments. South American independence by the United States, a long list of the United States, Canning invited the American minister, Mr. Rush, to a independent governments by the United States two years before Great the United States, the Spanish government requested Great Britain and to Spain that the government of the United States could not United States if the British government would support by its influence the United States in order to return to Cuba and claim American his government, a treaty with Nicaragua which gave the United States that "the governments of the United States and Great Britain having not minister of the United States, had recognized his government. Great Britain, the United States, and France to join Spain to the French government that the United States would recognize the government of the United States by the proposed treaty is to maintain 31861 "Fortunately, no," replied Mrs. Wayne, "though many a mother of girls no "Happy mother!" said Mr. Wayne approvingly, "I wish all girls found in my little girl," and Mrs. Wayne looked into her husband''s face, smiling woman''s view, but she needs to know also how men look upon life. "But, father," said Helen hesitatingly, "most of the girls and boys Of course, the boys like to have the girls think so; As one boy said to me, ''Girls ought to know that "Well, father, I''d like to know what you think about boys and girls boys do lots of things that we girls would never think of doing." mother, ought a girl let a young man spend money on her?" "Mother," said Helen after a pause, as two girls passed the house with "Mother, it makes me think of a little girl I saw at the seaside last 32120 "I received the other day a letter from my old friend, as the word is known to-day, is only a bribe of moneyed men to make a possible to prevent men from making much money without at the same time For example, the New York _Times_ says: thirty-five years of age when he left the office of the old _New York "This is an old-fashioned sleeping apartment, general," said the young "You will take the gun to-day, General?" said his friend and host, but had A few weeks ago a man wrote from Kansas, stating that thirty-six years to Reach a Sound Old Age. The Psalmist''s "threescore years and ten" are not the average man''s life, No matter how he told his story, the quiet looking little man "''Say,'' said he, ''who is that little man who keeps saying "shucks?"'' "''Who?'' said the man who had been there a long time. 32121 like the American woman of to-day. If Canada can at any time help the United States in common day," and a real man and a real woman take the places "''John, put in all your spare time, night and day, sorting those beans, what great man or woman most influenced him as a boy. "I was only ten years old at that time," said Fulton, "and my mother With the coming of vacation time, men''s thoughts turn to woods and Richard was ten years old she left her New England home and brought him to The only time Woody ever saw a man killed by a bear was once when he had lives a good woman, eighty-two years of age, my--my mother. Before I had time to speak to them, their chief, a little man, "''The man says true, Sire,'' said one of those who followed him; ''I saw him 32122 Seventy Years Ago. The more deeply one looks into the conditions of life in the "good old plays, work which has taken intervals of his time for a number of years. man not very old in years, but showing signs of approaching age in his years, after which he played with independent nines around New York and in that year the Knickerbocker Club, of New York, was formed. The "New York" game had become so popular that clubs were formed in every That year the Excelsiors played throughout New York State, as well as in A good example of baseball of the old days is a game at Medway played The National League was formed in New York City February 2, with M.H. Bulkeley, since governor of Connecticut, as president, and N.E. Young, General Washington would pass in these days as a large man, but many of 32123 Kaiser, he declares, is not a war-lord, but a man of peace, working in the The day will come when, in the State of New York, a The old passenger, who had descended to the gun-deck, looked like a form "I think there is," said the old man. We knew an instance of a lady in New York giving a hundred-dollar note to was no express company in those days, so Harnden said to a friend, James In 1869, when he was thirty-six years old, Grace was a rich man. The old man brushed back his long white locks, looked up to the ceiling, turf of the old New England States; they saw the glories of the Wisconsin "I feel tired," the old man said. In France, on New Year''s Day, the prince-president is installed with in that little man began to come out of him like perspiration. 32135 which makes some young women long to exploit their own hearts, caused The best women have an instinctive wish to marry a man superior to learned women, but it cannot do without good wives and mothers; and What good can come of little children knowing the things papers, and the men blame the man, and the women blame the girl, and This latter theory supposes women to love naturally any personable man So women do not marry, they work; and as the world will take good discontented working-women that the best way to get what they want discontented women, preferring the work and duties of men to their own For when good men want to marry, they seek a woman for what _she is_, Not a few women (and men too) make good livings by designing costumes All women know how hard it is to live the usual life of work and 32232 Barbara worked till her taper little forefinger looked like a "Madam," said Captain Penrose, "a carriage ought to be by this time at "Yes, mother," said Barbara, her heart moved by a thrill as natural as "I shall go to the Bee no more, mother," said Barbara; "besides, I have "Mind what you say, Barbara!" said Mrs. Dinwiddie. a little man in black, with a postman''s big pocket-book in his hands, "Yes, Captain Penrose," said Dinwiddie, "I hope you''ll not drop our "Said it was a fine day, most like," returned Barbara, intent on put on a very agonized face, and showed the whites of his eyes, as Mrs. Dinwiddie looked towards him. At the time Lord Russell came into power, Mr. Bright was regarded as would turn, I thought, with open, questioning eyes, and perhaps look And the good old people said it with feeling,--though, over and over, at 32423 Another important officer of the later Roman court was the _comes times royal princes have been given the title of count (Paris, Flanders, officers of the city of London court have the like jurisdiction, powers, See _Annual County Courts Practice_, also "Fifty Years of the English they are called, sit in general in each county twice a year, following becoming finally the co-ordinate courts of common law of later history. of the state court is in favour of the right claimed under Federal law Lord Coventry held the great seal for nearly fifteen years, and was to play a powerful part in forming North-country opinion until his death In 1887 the County Cricket Council had been formed, working with and not In systems of criminal law derived from England the forms of crime or powers for punishing under English law offences by British subjects in 32500 America and American Ministers; my general policy in the Anti-Slavery ''charges against America, and American Ministers''--as slave-holding the slaves in America; and as to the state of the churches in the Anti-Slavery Societies in America, stated, that they were great minority in the Southern states as pro-slavery men. had said against slavery had been said in the slave states, and had He (Mr. T.) had said last night, that slavery in America was a national sin, American people had admitted the slave states into the Union; and by was an accession to the anti-slavery societies, in the State of New numbers of anti-slavery societies in America, Mr. Thompson had paraded New-Hampshire State Anti-Slavery Society: To return to the Anti-Slavery Societies of the United States. Having stated the principles of the Anti-Slavery Societies in America, still more manifest after examining the charge brought by Mr. Thompson, that the very churches in America own slaves; and several of 32508 "You don''t look right to me, Burt!" stated Mr. Wallace as they walked "Hm!" Mr. Wallace cast a sharp glance at Burt but the boy did not Burt and Critch got an atlas and went over the route that Mr. Wallace boys saw bronzed and bearded men who nodded to Mr. Wallace like old "Scared!" Burt stared at Critch and then turned to look at the Bantu boy rose among the trees Critch caught Burt''s arm and pointed ahead to where "I''d kind o'' like to keep the head, uncle," said Burt. "let''s have a little explanation." Burt saw that his uncle''s face looked "Go ahead," laughed Mr. Wallace, and the boys saw that Captain Mac was "Look here," broke in Mr. Wallace, "you''ve got to remember, Burt, that Critch set to work at the head and Burt at the foot of the case. Captain Montenay, Burt and Critch. 3252 Remember it?--said the little man.--I don''t think I shall forget it, as --Were you born in Boston, Sir?--said the little man,--looking eager and the old man and young father at that tender period of his hard, dry life. and half-awake life for want of good old-fashioned solid matter to come It a''n''t the feed,--said the young man John,--it''s the old woman''s looks --What ''s the matter with Little Boston?--said the young man John to me succession of these men, until they come to look like one Man; continuous some good people who think that our young friend who puts his thoughts in times a day, like them little young birds that split their heads open so A dentist of olden time told me that a good-looking young man once said "Now trust this young man in my care," said the old Doctor, "and go home Mrs. Lindsay took a good long look at the old man. 32556 "Let it wait, Dorothy," said Aunt Betty, "till we are all at the "And, dear," said Aunt Betty, "you know, Dorothy, the people go to the Jim was ready in no time, so he went into Dorothy''s sitting room and "Well, Dorothy girl," said Aunt Betty, turning to her, "what will it Turning to Aunt Betty, Dorothy said, "It''s Mr. Ludlow." "What is Alfy talking about, Aunt Betty?" asked Dorothy, walking into "We''ll be there in plenty of time, Dorothy dear," answered Aunt Betty. "Let''s get ready right away," said Dorothy, taking Alfy''s hand and "Dorothy and Alfy," said Aunt Betty, "in those large houses live the Then answering Dorothy, she said, "Dear, dear little girl, you are "Well, Dorothy, you come to my room with me while Jim sees Mrs. Quarren in the library," said Ruth, rising and carefully pushing her Dorothy and Aunt Betty stayed home as arranged, while Jim and Alfy 32603 Mrs. Jameson''s visit to the United States, in the year 1835, gave me the He said to his wife, "My dear, Mrs. Howe wishes to know afterwards said to an American friend, "Mrs. Howe was quite cruel to He came to my husband''s office one day, and said, "Howe, In the most trying days of the civil war, this same old lady came to Dr. Howe''s office, anxious to learn his opinion concerning the progress of friend received us with a warm welcome, and presently said to me, "Mrs. Howe, you must speak to my men." Feeling my utter inability to do this, of my good friends said, "Mrs. Howe ought to die now, for she has done me for my speech, but said, "Oh, dear Mrs. Howe, why did you speak of calls on Mrs. Howe''s father on New Year''s Day, 32; 32892 The typical American woman is remarkable among women not merely as a THE story of the women of Mexico, as that country is known to-day, fact that woman held equal social position with man. concerning the women of the great Indian race of the south facts It is now time to turn to a consideration of the women of South America Spanish-American women in certain periods and places that it is designed the more noted women of South American culture in later years. What has been stated of South American women applies in general to the While the list of notable and noted South American women is far from women the rise and florescence of the New England spirit which has come It is not probable that many women of the present day, far less any man, first appeared the type of American woman as she was a little later to 32975 Britain and the United States formed the most important question for the acts caused great discontent, especially among the Southern states, life-zones of California--the great amount of total annual heat supply point and the sudden fall of the second great mining fever of the state. in the different states (supreme judges 12 years, executive officers 4 1843 and 1845, Great Britain, the United States, and France opened ten years'' Caliphate belong for the most part the great conquests. second or third month of that year Moawiya was proclaimed caliph at sent to Bagdad, where father and son died three years later. against the Moslems with great success, till in the year 270 (A.D. 884) the orders of God") died within a year after his father''s death, in But the specific heat of water is often stated in terms of other units. where he founded the new city of Ta-tu ("great capital"), called by the 33000 Indian War--England and France Rivals in the Old World and the New--The About this time a number of foreign officers joined the American army. When fifteen years old, he was sent to New York City and entered King''s in time of war; trade between the United States and the West Indies was compelled England, after the close of the war, to pay the United States Matches--Great Fire in New York--Population of the United States in Sumter--War Preparations North and South--Attack on Union Troops in Sumter--War Preparations North and South--Attack on Union Troops in The Work Remaining to be Done--General Grant Placed in Command of all The Work Remaining to be Done--General Grant Placed in Command of all following facts: Number of men in the Union army furnished by each State Number of United States troops captured during the war, 212,508; the 24th Spain declared war, and the United States Congress followed 33027 World, O Life, O Time,'' and Wordsworth''s ''My Heart Leaps Up,'' however "You are perfectly right, madam," said Foote, "it comes from the word "Ah, poor Tom!" said Foote, "he is like one of those people who eat ready wit, took the book, turned over a few pages rapidly, and said:-times; and one of the company called to a plain, clean old man with A story told at the right time is like a looking-glass for the mind. passage that ye shall pass twelve men afront two times between day and Marshall--yes," she said; "or did--a good many years ago." She looked "But your father liked those old-time things, and so did all the other man, with a great deal of good taste; I always thought him much above place in the literary and social world of France like a man, and seems 33273 long after, Lucretia came running to her mother in great agitation, old-fashioned country house near New York, on the banks of Long Island A few of Mrs. Adams''s letters, written at an early period of her life, The first ten years of Mrs. Adams''s married life were passed in a "The great distance between us makes the time appear very long to me. occasioned, Mrs. Adams writes to her husband as follows: "I suppose When the king came to me, Lord Onslaw said, ''Mrs. Adams;'' upon which I drew off my right hand glove, and his majesty wig, took her hands in his, held them a long time, and entered into Necker remained a short time in France, and then returned to Coppet, husband passed the day, and frequently great part of the night, in his delighted to pass her time: she had a love of the country, of nature, 33334 to Mother Moulton, "I''m going to stand by the minute men," he went "Good morning, Mother," said Major Pitcairn, raising his hat. She looks it--and she said she would feed three little girls as long Mr. Wooster turned and looked at the lad and said: "A good soldier back to Boston, and the Liberty Men over on the hills went on all day "Mother," said Pussy, a few minutes later, "let Benny come with me to Come, mother," as Mrs. Bushnell entered, bearing David''s supper in her The next day David Bushnell asked his mother whether or not she knew "Good night, Joe. Thank you for stopping," said David, going into the The next day David Bushnell went to Killingworth, to tell the story to A DAY AND A NIGHT IN THE OLD PORTER HOUSE. A DAY AND A NIGHT IN THE OLD PORTER HOUSE. "Polly," said Mrs. Porter, "don''t you leave this house to-day without 33451 pocket--that''s the story--good-looking--lively--a little slangy--called In the mean time the prudent Mr. Gridley had been keeping the young man busy, and amusing himself by The brave-hearted old man colored as if he had been a young girl. was bright in Gifted''s eye and cheek, and the good man knew that young "There''s a demonish clever young fellow by the name of Lindsay," Mr. Livingston Jenkins said to her a little before the day of the party. with her past life in such a way that they alone appeared like old delighted to meet her old friend, and even looked upon the young poet For a long time its great promises that all men are equal, and that "The United States of America are a great and powerful people, whatever writes he has heard it said twenty times, that, "if America becomes coming time when the whole continent, with all its various States, shall 33494 Books and the Public Library; Dedication Address of Chelsea of public libraries, some of whose books, like I would have a public library abundant in translations of the best books works are of great use; books for women''s clubs are good things; the reading, present it as a New-Year''s gift to the Boston Public Library. practical and useful life and career with books, libraries, and reading. private library is not small, the books I read are more often borrowed years, more than sixty free public libraries in small towns (out of one of the supply of such books by a free public library is, that it is free public libraries at the general expense and for the common use of the work of the library, or help people to get books or encourage more That the majority of books withdrawn from public libraries are works of 33568 the war between the United States and Mexico; but that it occurred as The state and municipal governments of Mexico were, consequently, always United States and Mexico, as exhibited by congress in all the published States of America upon the government of the Mexican republic.'' The republic, which Mexico has so long abused, the United States promptly of a powerful nation, against which the existing government of Mexico Origin of the war continued--Proposed annexation of Texas to the United Texas after the Florida treaty--President Tyler''s objects--Mexican cupidity of the United States and of Mexico as well as of Texas. States--Subterfuges--Ill feeling in Mexico on the Texas question-The war in Texas, and the unsettled state of that country, had prevented between the United States and Mexico, by virtue of the ancient rights of was an act that brought the armies of Mexico and the United States in 33750 cell and passes towards the central white matter, thus forming one of large tract of long fibres which pass from the visual cortex (see above) BRAND, SIR JOHN HENRY (1823-1888), president of the Orange Free State, Years'' War, and set to work to organize an army and to effect financial was high in King John''s favour, received a large number of honours, and Large areas of these great river plains are annually runs across southern Goyaz, south-west to north-east, and forms the its outlet, called the Rio Pará, is connected with that great river by group and forms the boundary line between Brazil and French Guiana date who have published important works on Brazil are the American Portuguese succeeded in establishing a settlement at Rio. Mem de Sa continued to hold the reins of government in Brazil upon terms henceforth be known as the United States of Brazil, and that in due time 33848 War--American Agents Sent to Cuba--Attitude of Maximo Gomez--Supplies, United States and Spain--Cuba to be Made Independent--The Cuban Estimate of General Wood''s Work in Cuba--President Palma''s Cabinet--His United States--Vigorous Military Action of President Menocal--American Emilio Nunez, afterward Vice-President of the Cuban Republic; and Dr. Joaquin Castillo Duany, formerly an eminent physician in the United Declaration of War, that the United States would withdraw and leave Cuba Captain-General had ended the Ten Years'' War in Cuba, led a deputation United States should relinquish control of Cuba to the Cubans, or should second year of American intervention, that Cuban civil government was the President of the United States authorized General Wood as Military government, from the United States military authorities to the Cuban United States government and its various administrations in Cuba, 1912, when the United States government called upon President Gomez to the people of Cuba by the government of the United States, warning them 33920 Mrs. Wightman''s views on public matters--political, religious and political--the structure of American civil government. That National Prohibition is an approaching enemy to free government, of government and to enact laws that will make you bad people good." The "good people" sought and secured the control of the government, "the law government, and "the law of God" made the ultimate standard of right. authorizes Prohibition in civil government; it is religious, and a Bible the supreme law of the land, and all the power of the government, in prohibitive laws on the liquor question. Prohibition, we must fill the public offices with ''good men'' to enforce exception: the Prohibition law tells you what you may not =drink=, and if "Under laws prohibiting the liquor business we find the same results. The effect of Prohibition, sumptuary law enacted in government, upon the Could the American public see Prohibition =as it is=, and not what it 34005 old-time laws, punishments and penalties has evoked this volume. writer lived in the days when the pillory, stocks and whipping-post against the men of the day in punishment for real crimes and offenses. "engines of punishment," such as the stocks, bilboes, pillory, brank, restraining evil--stocks for men, a ducking-stool for women, and a pound Pillory, a pair of Stocks, a Whipping Post and a Ducking-Stool in such damages, the woman shall be punished by Ducking, and if the slander be Writing of punishments of bygone days, an English rhymester says: officer at a town meeting" was ordered to stand two hours in the pillory Instances of punishment in Boston by the pillory of both men and women or three days in prison, he was set an hour at the whipping post with a In 1639 three Boston women received this form of public punishment; of 34073 years in Abyssinia, and published valuable works on that country: Arnaud, AB''INGDON, a town of England, in Berkshire, 50 miles north-west of London, ACERRA ([.a]-cher''[.a]), a town in South Italy, 9 miles north-east of A''DEN, a seaport town and territory belonging to Britain, on the south-west ADJUTANT-GENERAL, in Great Britain the second military member of the Army 10,000 feet in height; a place of summer resort, near the Great Cañon of town 270 miles N.W. of Mexico, capital of the State of its own name, named extremity of Africa, about 90 miles south-east of the Cape of Good Hope, for ten years among the Indians of North America, and wrote a number of for scouting purposes during the European War. ALBAY ([.a]l-b[=i]''), a province, town, bay, and volcano in the south-east ALCALA'' LA REAL (r[=a]-[.a]l''), a town of Spain, 18 miles south-east of He early began the great work of his life, his edition of the Greek 34123 and, as that was fixed first at New York and then at Philadelphia, Mrs. Adams enjoyed an opportunity to mix freely with the society of both things shall be added unto you." There is a great pleasure in hearing I believe it is time to think a little about my family and farm. I received your kind letter at New York, and it is not easy for you to have before this time received two letters from me, and will write me by When I shall come home I know not, but at present I do not expect to want to know many more particulars than you write me, and hope soon to [Footnote 52: John Quincy Adams, at this time seven years old.] some persons in New York and Philadelphia wanted a little animation. mind, and hope I shall, let the exigency of the time be what it will. day, a man-of-war came and anchored near Great Hill, and two cutters 3417 big hand on the dog''s head, as it lay nestling close to Oliver''s side. Oliver was sitting thus one night, his head in his hands, elbows on his "Fred, old man," he answered, his voice choking, "I haven''t said a word Oliver in the hall, "the young gentleman that saved Miss Margaret''s The old woman could also have told Oliver of Margaret''s arrival at the Oliver thought so too, and said so with his eyes, only it was of a face "What did the old fellow do for a living, Margaret?" Oliver called, well, and the old man said she was, "Thank you," and Oliver surrendered Before her father could answer, Margaret had her hand on Oliver''s the little witch''s face as she stood for a moment and looked Oliver Long after Oliver had gone Miss Clendenning sat looking into the fire. "Charming, old man," said Oliver, turning to Watson. 34217 House.--Life at Mentor.--The Garfield Household.--Longing Garfield had obeyed General Buell''s orders, and the following day he right, General Garfield made his way back to the battle-field (showing "The election of General Garfield to the office of President is, in some "President Garfield," said one able writer, "used political weapons to "The great heart of the people will not let the old soldier die!" "The great heart of the people will not let the old soldier die!" "The great heart of the people will not let the old soldier die!" General Garfield''s own expressions, the great heart of the nation must Miss Mollie Garfield came into the room at the time the President lost national life by President Garfield''s death. "Garfield was indeed a great man. Thomas Garfield, an old man eighty years of age, the one who GARFIELD, PRESIDENT OF THE PEOPLE. PRESIDENT: For the second time in this generation the great 34224 opens his works and word to every eye, and calls upon all to read for life, and he looked at things from the Homeric point of view and Man''s nature to good is like the tendency of water to flow downwards. that if one had the power to place a youthful and forming people like present there is a certain virtue in every good man, which night and day days and months and years; nor does past time ever return, nor can it only one day there, so that I shall come up all right to time on the undecided; for when thy life shall have completed eight times seven bear at other times that a man should be a little patriotic: but on New Do his duty in that state of life to which God, not man, shall call What wouldst thou have a good great man obtain? The good great man? 34573 comes, the real, great man that God has been preparing,--men are Good men worship the best thing they know, and call it God. What Testament, that God himself "is a man of war," who teaches men to fight, as truth; no man so dear as God. Jesus came not to fetter men, but free speak for Truth and Man, living for noble aims; men who will swear to no Christianity is humanity; Christ is the Son of man; the manliest of men; man: truth for the mind; good works for the hands; love for the heart; up of the hearts in noble men towards God, in search of truth, goodness, religion, goodness towards men, and piety towards God, shall be the main infidelity to man and God. I would call on all men, by the one nature The time may come when our great men shall 34594 records of fugitive slave cases tried at this time within the New England House and Senate for new general fugitive slave acts. personal liberty bills, from the time the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 the use of State jails in fugitive slave cases. to take cognizance of fugitive slave cases, and the use of State jails. punished State officers for participating in fugitive slave cases.[293] =1860, Dec. 12.= To amend the Fugitive Slave Law: _Senate Journal, 36 the Fugitive Slave Law: _House Journal, 36 Cong. =1860, Dec. 12.= To amend the Fugitive Slave Law: _House Journal, 36 =1860, Dec. 12.= To amend the Fugitive Slave Law: _House Journal, 36 =1860, Dec. 12.= To amend the Fugitive Slave Law: _House Journal, 36 =1860, Dec. 12.= To amend the Fugitive Slave Law: _House Journal, 36 of the Fugitive Slave Law by States: _Cong. Julian''s Resolution to amend the Fugitive Slave Law. 34615 end it widens into an open sea or sound where beauty blooms like a rose, island; the old block-house of pioneer days remained at the water''s northern water-ways, bearing the far, sweet call of Alaska to senses seed-pearls, one passes into a little open water-world where a blue sky Four times had I landed at Ketchikan on my way to far beautiful places; northern waters about three miles above Whitby Point on Dundas Island, To-day, his name is heard in Alaska a thousand times where Chirikoff''s finally they arrived at a point now known as Old Sitka, six miles north Thirty years ago he went to Alaska and established his home at Sitka. Orca is situated about three miles north of Cordova, in Cordova Bay. There is a large salmon cannery at Orca; and the number of sea-birds to 34637 men could not see that new piety will not be put into the old forms, ideas, who commune with God and man through faith and works, finding no politics, life in general, I knew that I should hurt men''s feelings. spiritual powers of man; by the other, a large body of men, in most of all men to rest from work on that day, for the Hebrew law of the New England; the national school-time for the culture of man''s highest come upon us in that new state, no man can know; it were but poetic In the state you pay a man of great political talents large money and and conscience, heart and soul, men that love man and God, industrial that noblest man of men, the Great Educator of the human race, whom the God has made some men great and others little. 34688 United States court, and makes oath that the dark man is his slave. conscience, and by the just law of God. Shall we shut up slavery or extend it? man, designed to secure his welfare, and represent the infinity of God. These laws are absolutely right; to obey them is to be and do absolutely violation of the law of God, and the natural duty of a man, as the towards wisdom, freedom, goodness towards men, and piety towards God. Of the final issue I have no doubt; but no man can tell what shall come In the North, the majority of men think that the law of man is a case: that the people ask him, "Which shall we obey, the law of man or So, then, here is a great general rule, that between the "law of man" both" the laws of God and the statutes of men. 34690 [Illustration: Friends'' Meeting House, New Garden, North Carolina. John Payne received the breeding of the Virginia gentleman of the old Isaac Winston, and Mary, the wife of John Payne, and mother of Dolly "great house." Here John Payne brought his rapidly-increasing little meeting" for John and Mary Payne, and the children loved to gather time by Thomas Pleasants, the intimate friend of John and Mary Payne, John and Mary Payne, although they had been many years in Philadelphia, [Footnote 1: Colonel John Payne was member of House of Burgesses for Todd, of this city, and Mary his wife, and Dolly Payne, daughter of John attorney at law, son of John Todd of said city and Mary his wife, ninety, they the said John Todd and Dolly Payne appeared in a And moreover they the said John Todd and Dolly Payne (she according General Washington himself and that here James and Dolly Madison were 34827 American Ships under English Colors--The Enemy''s Carrying-Trade being the first ship of war to throw the new Confederate flag to the newspapers, to-day, that the enemy has taken possession of Ship Island, MORE--BOARDS A LARGE FLEET OF SHIPS IN ONE DAY, BUT FINDS NO ENEMY AMONG against the Captain of the _Sumter_, gallant naval officers, wearing Mr. Welles'' shoulder-straps, and commanding Mr. Welles'' ships, were capturing several Federal ships of war, which by this time had arrived, were kept at There was great rejoicing on board the Yankee ships of war, in that the officers and men left on board the ship." capture the ships of her enemy, so could the Confederate States. trying any longer." I gave the boarding-officer orders, in case the ship on board the Confederate States steamer _Alabama_, on the High Seas," I was a United States ship, and therefore our enemy. ult., relative to the Confederate States ship-of-war _Alabama_, and 34873 [Illustration: PLATE I.--The Old Pickering House, Salem, Mass. [Illustration: PLATE III.--Hallway, Oliver House; Living Room, Oliver their old houses, still standing on Essex Street, Salem, was built in standing next to the Old Witch House was owned originally by a Captain under President Cleveland as Secretary of War. Near Derby Street stands the house made famous by Nathaniel Hawthorne. As in many old houses, large rooms open on either side. interspersed with fine old trees showing at the rear of the house. [Illustration: PLATE XXXIII.--Living Room, Ladd-Gilman House; Robert a treasure-house of old colonial furniture, many of the pieces having [Illustration: PLATE XL.--Dining Room, Spencer-Pierce House; Living The old home is a splendid example of the houses of that day. plainly in many old houses of that period which are found to-day in a built the house is rarely associated with it; the fine old pile is known 35122 modern times excel those of the patriot exile, Parson Brownlow, of to Knoxville, and passing the house when the Parson''s wife was looking I have seen the day when I was a young man, ladies (I speak of my age man because he was born and lived south of Mason and Dixon''s line, nor Confederate lines into the State of Kentucky to a Union neighborhood. whom he had known as an old Union man, paid him a visit. Another old man--a minister--70 years of age, was thrust into jail thousand men from the loyal States to put down the rebellion, and people stated that Jesus Christ was a Southern man, and all of his Apostles he will do before long,) upon which the people of the State of Tennessee disarm all the Union men of the State. out as a Union man, and the infernal rebel cavalry would shoot him down 35136 "There!" said the artist, "isn''t that a nautical-looking house?" When the artist says that a house is nautical, he means that it looks as "The best way," said Barbara when this had happened, "is to ask a little "We''ll ask a little boy," said Barbara, leading the way. street, with close-set houses, some of them painted white or yellow; and On our way, we went up to look at the town from the site of the old path to the old John Alden house, when a great touring-car, with an The present house, built in 1653, was the place where John Alden spent Barbara said, "Do you know why the Aldens and Standishes left Plymouth On Winslow''s land to-day stands the Winslow house, built on the old Cod, if you fall in love with a little empty ninety-five-year-old house story-and-a-half house, with its long gable roof, its many little 3538 with intense amusement and interest the Edward Bok of this book at work. Edward Bok. The brother had left school a year before, and found a place There have since been other red-letter days in Edward Bok''s life, but Edward Bok had not been office boy long before he realized that if he And then, taking the train for New York, Edward Bok went home, sitting appeared with Mr. Colver as its publisher and Edward Bok as editor. All this time, while Edward Bok was an editor in his evenings he was, Thus three times could Edward Bok have returned to the magazine On October 20, 1889, Edward Bok became the editor of The Ladies'' Home demonstrate themselves to Edward Bok. The material that the editor was publishing and the authors that he was The editor of The New York Times asked Bok to conduct for that newspaper 35400 States to accept the principles that one man can own other men, nominated for governor of the State of New York by the Whig party, and that the Congress of the United States, in 1820, gave to slavery Senator Rusk of Texas, a man in his politics _utterly_ opposed to Mr. Seward as we can suppose any southern politician, however ultra, to the people of each State and each Territory free to form and of this act, not to legislate slavery into any territory or State, right to force a free-State constitution on Kansas than a Senator Douglas''s views as to the power of the people of a territory, anti-slavery position, in state or national conventions, to end at In a territorial speech in the United States Senate, January 12, 1848, with the rights and powers of the people in forming a State people of a territory, in the formation of a State Constitution, 35427 THE RAID OF JOHN BROWN AT HARPER''S FERRY AS I SAW IT. On the Sunday night when John Brown and his men invaded Virginia, I Three months before this raid Captain John Brown with two of his sons, The white men were Captain John Brown, John Brown--honest, enthusiastic and intensely fanatical on the slavery Captain John Brown was to ride in the wagon with the necessary Maryland river road and wounded Captain Oliver Brown on the bridge. Inside were Captains John Brown and his son Watson; also Captain Watson Brown in the engine house received his death wound John Brown, bleeding profusely, and Captain Stephens from the hotel, On Wednesday Captains John Brown, Stephens and Coppoc, along with It is when patriotic men read the story of "John Brown''s Raid" by the "If John Brown did not end the war that ended slavery he did at least | portrait of Captain John Brown. 35489 because his father thought this study was a waste of time for a man who reading old books, till the time came for him to go home, the servant After this great work was published, Cuvier went with his family to Years later, Caroline gave this picture of that early life: "My brothers He was now forty years old,--not young to begin the study of a new and Paris, devoting his time to his great work. At this time, a young man came to board at the house of Mrs. Davy, He says: "At that time I painted all day, and sold my work during During the last twelve years of his life, he devoted much time to our "The time had come," said he, years afterward, "when even the small working in the water at this time of year, the cold to the hands and 35558 Republican Party--The United States Bank Act of 1816--Report of the [Sidenote: The United States Bank Act of 1816.] United States bank by Congress as an usurpation of power not granted [Sidenote: The United States Bank of 1816 a Southern measure.] [Sidenote: The powers of the general Government in respect to slavery [Sidenote: The powers of Congress in the admission of new "States" abolition of slavery by the United States Government, through legal conferring power on Congress "to admit new States into this Union." He before the Senate of the United States by the President''s message of United States Government as one of the parties to the "constitutional attribute President Jackson''s first attack upon the United States Bank United States within Commonwealths and used by the general Government laws of the United States in respect to slavery in the Territories, as the laws of the United States, or of the acts of the Territorial 35573 regiment of New Hampshire men commanded by Colonel Goffe opened the road commanded by John Warner,[42] was on New Year''s Day "received and committee of the General Assembly of New York resolved that the governor force, after meeting and capturing two small boats on their way to St. John''s with the alarming news of the surrender, arrived at Crown Point Inhabitants of Vermont to the Government of New York, and their right to Vermont, at the same time proposing that New York should unite with that Vermont had a powerful interest in the New England States, and with Vermont does not wish to enter into a war with the State of New York, When Vermont had taken her place in the Union, her state government A handsome new state house of Vermont granite was built in 1835 on feeling of the New England States, in all of which, except Vermont, the 35575 of the City.--Streets and Public Squares.--Forsyth Park.-"News Letter."--City Hall.--Custom House.--Providence Railroad The City Hall, on School street, is on the site of the house of Isaac buildings, near Catonsville, six miles from the city; Bay View Asylum, the city is built is sixty feet above the low-water mark of the river. House, in Main street, near Canal street; the City buildings occupying street is famous for its magnificent buildings, among which are the city City Hall, Opera House, and several Public School buildings. on the river flats, where now extend the business streets of the city, City Hall stands in the park, and back of it is the new Court House, North of the City Hall Park, on the corner of Chambers street, is the the City.--The Oil Business.--Ohio River.--Public Buildings, the City.--The Oil Business.--Ohio River.--Public Buildings, latter so named because in the early days of the city Front street 35674 behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing." And he said unto The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that hour, in the which Jesus said unto him, Thy son liveth: and himself asked they him, What man is that which said unto thee, Take up thy bed, Baptist hath sent us unto thee, saying, Art thou he that should come? And Peter answered him and said, Lord, if it be thou, bid me come unto man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father sealed. And Simon Peter answered and said unto him, Thou art the Christ, the Son went in the way, a certain _man_ said unto him, Lord I will follow thee But God said unto him, _Thou_ fool, this night thy soul shall 35693 abolition of slavery, the prohibition of the removal of slaves from State reports stated that the general government had no power to abolish slavery said State after the admission thereof into the Union, shall be free at principles and designs of the people of the United States in regard to new slavery, but prohibiting it throughout the United States north of latitude the United States for a similar purpose also held a meeting this year, and Here the New York City Anti-Slavery Society was duly organized, having for South; State, county and local anti-slavery societies were organized United States no hereditary slavery; but on and after that day, every nor slave trade at the seat of government of the United States." In January, 1840, a New York State Anti-Slavery Convention was held in countries ceded by Mexico to the United States excluded slavery. fire about the slave States, in which slavery must die." 35845 full force of the German blow, delivered by von Buelow''s Second Army, had it succeeded in joining the main British army, the German forces from Austro-German armies, one under General Koevess, advancing west of Belgrade the Franco-British advance on the same day in Artois, General French''s Army on the British right advanced in line with it, a great gap would have On the following day the Germans counter-attacked in force and recovered The advance of the 10th French Army on the right of the British was held up 14th to 15th July.--British attack German second line, capturing him turn east, and thereafter placing the British ships on the German line 4th Oct.--British advance on 8-mile front, anticipating German attack for a time because the British Fifth Army, attacked by a far greater force all the British, French, and Belgian Armies which had produced the German 35932 according to the present state of public opinion in both countries, be The Federal Party in Power under the New Constitution--Agency of Government--Unwise Course of the Federal Party--President antagonistic opinions of these great men upon the subjects of government These were Hamilton''s views in respect to the State governments, as public opinion" by proposing to extinguish the State governments, but question of constitutional power, the popularity and political influence Federal Government to the former class of States, made under the power Constitution as to the Powers of the General Government--Such the Anti-Federal party, in respect to all public questions other than those concerns, the powers and duties of the Federal and State Governments in Federal and State governments under the Federal Constitution in respect Government in regard to questions of constitutional power, for which it executive departments, in respect to questions of constitutional power, against the State governments; and no political course adopted by public 36054 "Excuse me, worthy thane," said Oswald, the young Saxon chieftain, "It is news good either to hear or tell," said Oswald, "and we shall be "Well, Badger," said Oswald, "you seem to have taken such a liking to think, my lord, this Norman Count is bent on exterminating all Saxons thou think it probable I shall tolerate a petty Saxon chieftain holding time will come, for these Normans are not Viking rovers, but like fat "Your coming is timely, Jarl," said Oswald. few of the smaller chieftains, like this Saxon Oswald, held their ground I wot Viking, or Dane, or old-time Saxon would not have warred like the enemy to be dreaded is Saxon also," said Oswald. "They are Saxon," said Oswald. Norman men-at-arms and Saxon churls turned "Saxon," said he, addressing Oswald, "thou hast come, I understand, to strange, but I like this Oswald, Saxon though he be, better than my own 36055 Value of Lands in the Free and in the Slave States--A few Plain Acre of Lands in the States of New York and North Carolina. North and South--Wealth and Population of New-York, Baltimore, show positively how the free and slave States do stand upon the great and single free State of New-York produces more than _three times_ the products of the free and of the slave States--hay, cotton, butter and the rural wealth of the free States is far greater than that of the slave the average time of the abolition of slavery in the Northern States--the value of lands in the Free and the Slave States of the West. convention of non-slaveholders from every slave State in the Union, to Independence, abolished slavery at the same time the Northern States value per acre of land in the State of New York is $36.97; in North 36124 Returning to New-York, in 1835, he published _Four Years in Great rival work is likely to take its place until sufficient time has the young man bitterly, "and she has told every thing, Mrs. Hazleton--all that she knew, and I dare say all that she guessed." groan, the old man and the young one placed John Ayliffe on the Ayliffe would not hear of such a thing, and the good man went to work "Only that wild young man, Sir John Hastings," said the clergyman, "Well," said the young man, "I''m not sure that would not be best for long God may spare you; but one thing is certain, Sir John, that years "Just in time," said the King; "he is a gentleman of the old school, He lay some time with his eyes closed; and Caleb could feel--for Mr. Lisle held him firmly by the hand, as if to prevent his going away--a 36336 "Gabe, do you know what Mrs. Markle says of you?" said Olly, suddenly "You shouldn''t begin to drink so early in the day, Michael," said Mr. Hamlin, quietly, without withdrawing his black eyes from the man''s face. "I''d like to know what''s the matter with you, Olly," said Gabriel, with "Olly," he said, taking her face in both hands, after his old fashion, "Ef you want to see me, Gabriel Conroy," said Mrs. Markle, stopping to "Thar''s a good deal said lately in the papers," began Gabriel, "Olly," said Gabriel reproachfully, as he watched the little figure "What did she look like, Olly?" said Gabriel, with an affectation of "Thet''s it, Olly," said Gabriel, "Mrs. Conroy''s goin'' to ''Frisco to see "Look here," he said, facing Mrs. Conroy in a hard, matter-of-fact way, "Is Gabriel Conroy, if I know the man," said Dumphy shortly, feeling said Arthur, taking Gabriel''s hand. 36350 The Thirty-ninth Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association annual meeting of a great missionary society is of significance and the white people to build up a church system of elementary schooling. for colored people going round among our churches, pleading for money to years after the good man has passed away those in trust of his bequest as "God''s people" can carry on the good work unto perfection. great work of the society on African soil, the efforts of the committee fourth annual meeting of the Young People''s Society of Christian At New Gloucester I met one of our lady missionaries, Miss Mary Lunt, in our schools have an important work to do in bringing it to pass. This society, organized at the last meeting of the General Association from our churches for missionary work in this country. Young People''s Soc. of Cong. 36375 fifteen miles due east, from the most easterly point on Lake St. Croix, from thence south to the Mississippi river and north to the EDWARD WORTH.--Mr. Worth came to St. Croix Falls from New York State JOHN WEYMOUTH was born at Clinton, Maine, in 1815, and came to St. Croix Falls in 1846, where he followed lumbering and made himself a FOSTER was born in Bangor, Maine, in 1828; came to St. Croix valley in 1844; settled in Luck in 1857 and engaged in farming PAGE came from Piscataquis county, Maine, to the St. Croix valley in 1844, and engaged for awhile in cutting pine logs on good citizens, and church members, all married and settled in St. Croix county. resident of River Falls he followed farming except during a few years POWELL, the second son, born May 11, 1827, in St. Lawrence county, New York, came to River Falls in 1849, and pre-empted 36405 kindly said, "I think you carry that a little too far. Fort Hill the last time, he said he felt that death was near, much "I feel very ill indeed this morning," said Lady Hastings, addressing when her own maid entered the room and said,--"Doctor Short has come, "I have only time to speak two words," he said, "but I think they "Well, I will try," said the young man faintly, lifting his hand from "No, no, no," said the young man with a great effort. "I do believe he is a very excellent and amiable young man," said Lady "He was listening to us," said the young man to his friends, in a tone Leonard came back to him the next day a new man, and it seemed even to Leonard placed his own hand on the Doctor''s firmly, and said in a "Sir," said Leonard, with a strange calm return to the things about 36542 of it the American people knew less about than the Philippine Islands. when the Spanish-American War started, Aguinaldo and his people, not Government of the Philippines and General in Chief of its Army"--as he the American Government, signed by the President of the United States, United States Government--one which they could present to the people than one general officer of the United States Army in the Philippines ''And represented the Filipino people?'' General MacArthur: ''I think so; Civil Government of the Philippines under Governor Taft in 1901, commanding general of the United States forces in the islands, were General MacArthur''s reports concerning the war in the Philippines the United States in the territory of said Philippine Islands: States, or the Governor-General of the Philippines, or any one else, of the United States, or by the Governor-General of the Philippine Philippine Government and the Filipino people of a large subsidy 36735 ARTICLE EXAMINATIONS: "In many universities of the United States witnesses in the common law courts, both in civil and in criminal cases, any case it remained the standard authority on the law of evidence common-law rules of evidence was, as Bentham pointed out, and, indeed, Evidence Act 1872, which he had prepared and passed as law member of form of subsequent writings on the English law of evidence. The subject-matter of the law of evidence may be arranged differently rape cases does not allow evidence to be given of specific acts of similar general rule, that evidence of the conduct of a person on other Under the general law as it stood before the Criminal Evidence Act 1898 the point of view of obtaining evidence as to the nature and origin of pass degree examinations of the university of London, though differing these courts" (Bodington, _French Law of Evidence_, London, 1904, p. 36756 John Robinson''s House, Leyden, where the Pilgrim Fathers (Pilgrim) Church at Plymouth, Massachusetts. sailing of the Mayflower, and thirty years before William Brewster was [1] Dr. John Brown in "The Pilgrim Fathers of New England and their day, and John Robinson and William Brewster, and other principal members JOHN ROBINSON''S HOUSE, LEYDEN, WHERE THE PILGRIM FATHERS WORSHIPPED] Bradford, John Carver, Edward Winslow, Isaac Allerton, Samuel Fuller, Pilgrims perpetuated the church founded at Scrooby in England. Mayflower company, the church of Brewster and Bradford, of Winslow and Fathers in New England." That devoted little Pilgrim band comprised, married Fear Brewster (his second wife), who died at Plymouth, December Billington, a son of John and Eleanor, born in England, died at Plymouth Love Brewster, son of Elder William, born in England, married (1634) John Carver, first Governor of the Plymouth Colony, landed from the John Robinson, the pastor of the Pilgrim church, as our own, and the 36843 distinguished citizens of New York, who took occasion to offer Mr. Webster the compliment of a public dinner the following winter. executive menaces of war against France; the unsuccessful attempt of Mr. Van Buren''s administration to carry on the government upon General the State into a condition to carry on war with the general government. The President of the United States felt the importance of Mr. Webster''s the Constitution of the United States reserves this power to the Senate. Returning to the United States in 1788, he found the new government great men who formed our constitutions of government, who still power of the general government was resisted by the arms of State national government shall not encroach upon the power of the States, blessings of the Constitution and government of the United States. The general government, under which all these States are united, is not, character, from the United States of America, that great country, 36896 "free ships shall make free goods," Franklin said in a letter to J. man." If anyone doubts it, let him read the letters written by Franklin said, a letter to Mrs. Franklin on the subject, but had received the reply in a letter from Franklin to Deborah after his second return from England one of William Franklin''s letters that the friends of the family had such mentioned in Franklin''s letters to Deborah as sending Sally his love or beside this letter the words written by Franklin to him a few years later "good old friend." When news of his death reached Franklin in London in twenty-six years after the date of this letter, Franklin writes to Mrs. Greene: "Among the felicities of my life I reckon your friendship, which I Several times, in his letter, Franklin refers to Hawkesworth as the "good me, & I love them." In a later letter to William Franklin, he said, "I am 36897 The same thought is stated in a letter from Franklin to Robert Morris in pounds which had been due for three years." What Franklin''s letter to Mrs. Stevenson, which is dated Jan. 25, 1779, states is that he had been told _Letters from an American Farmer_, the grave talk of Franklin was as good to Franklin the next year two long letters containing the best account of In the second letter, Franklin states what in his opinion the people of the There is another good Indian story in the letter from Franklin to Richard At the same time, he had written a letter to Franklin In a letter to Lafayette, too, Franklin stated that the coasts of England At the time that this letter was written, Franklin had added to his Franklin, as Hume truly said, was the first great man of letters, for whom 37160 The town and district form a small ethnographical island, having been In course of time both the original form of single needle galvanometer called "game." The crown rights may pass to a subject by grant or England the game laws proper consist of the Night Poaching Acts of 1828 from the act the right to kill game on the land is vested in a person The game laws of Ireland are contained partly in acts passed the work presented great inducements to the gas manager. are present in the gas, and in large works, where the total quantity decomposing the tar formed at the same time as the gas. the producer where it forms some "semi-water gas" (see FUEL: The hot producer-gas formed in V is passed round the retort E One of the best-known gas-producers for working with compressed air the first gas engine that was brought into general use. 37191 John Whittier, the father of the poet, is described by citizens of unusually high order is shown by the poems of hers appended to Mr. Whittier''s "Hazel Blossoms," published after her death. Mr. Whittier says that the last time he saw Robert, "Threescore years Whittier was twenty-four years old when he published his first volume. In 1849 Mr. Whittier collected and published his anti-slavery poems, meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia, Mr. Whittier said: "I am not insensible to literary reputation; I love, of Whittier''s poems on slavery,--a wild melody in them like that of "I am sometimes asked, ''Is the poet Whittier really a Quaker or only were life-long friends of Whittier, and their voices in the song they Mr. Whittier is not only a poet, but is himself a poem." this is Mr. Whittier, the Quaker poet, that you have heard about; shake 37226 I think a man goes away from these earlier poems of Pope (if he reads early days of King George; and Bolingbroke, the friend of Pope, a known affection of young years--to write their love-letters for them; and so But times are hard with him; those fast years of green-room life have Gray died, after that quiet life of his, far down in the days of George very likely, just as grimy to-day, lived that Leviathan of a man, Dr. Samuel Johnson. until the year 1776--a good tag for that great American date! In the year 1779 his old friend Garrick died,--leaving nearly a million old city on an income of £50 a year; and now he lives in the new with house, makes him know old Dr. Johnson; and his first book is launched ago--moved by an old New England cleaving to the poems and the poet--I 37535 Managers of the Washington National Monument Society do authorize "The Board of Managers of the Washington National Monument Society, the President of the United States and the Washington Monument Society. behalf of the National Washington Monument Society, to cause to be authorizing the Washington National Monument Society to erect "a Washington National Monument Society to members of our Order, asking Treasurer of Washington National Monument Society_, enclosed in a an "Appeal of The Ladies'' Washington National Monument Society to the the Treasurer of the National Washington Monument Society whenever the members of the Washington National Monument Society to make arrangements the Washington National Monument Society were realized, and the American Washington National Monument Society. Washington National Monument Society. Washington National Monument Society. Washington National Monument Society. Washington National Monument Society. Washington National Monument Society. Vice-President of the Washington National Monument Society. Vice-President of the Washington National Monument Society. 37586 WOMEN''S BATHING AND SWIMMING COSTUME _Women''s Bathing and Swimming Costume in the United States_ Women''s bathing dress holds a unique place in the history of American bathing gown to the swimming suit may not only be dependent upon the There is little evidence of women bathing or swimming prior to the 17th He referred to women, wearing only drawers, bathing with men as a custom York fashions, a separate description of long-skirted bathing dresses many women continued to wear the old bathing dress with its belted American bathing suits retained their long sleeves until the early 1880s bathing and then swimming for women increased, the number of yards of Bathing costume did not evolve gracefully into the swim suit, nor was bathing and swimming costume. The growing numbers of women who wore the new styles of bathing dress advertised swimming suits instead of bathing dresses. Although women''s bathing and swimming costume achieved an 37656 Democrats, accepted as their leaders men like Clay in Kentucky, Benton had hitherto followed such leaders as Jackson, Clay, and Benton, drifted still a territory, and when Benton, then a prominent member of the St. Louis bar, had by his force, capacity, and power as a public speaker When Benton took his seat in the United States Senate, Monroe, the last So Benton, who on questions of state rights and new tariff; the Southern sea-coast states, except Louisiana, opposed it Benton strongly opposed the payment by the United States of the private years, Benton showed to great advantage compared both to the introducer Benton, as representing the new states, who desired After Benton, the great champion of the old-style Union Democrats was Benton had come into the Senate at the same time that Missouri was in that state, like Andrew Jackson in Tennessee, and Benton himself in 37676 Far-Reaching Effects of British Rule in Cuba--A French Picture An Era of Peace in Cuba--Tribulations in Spanish Louisiana--Spain of another nation could import a negro slave into Spanish America. negro slaves into Spanish America, the British government had encouraged Cuba, he calls it a very pleasant and flourishing island, the Spanish The new governor appointed by the court of Madrid for Cuba was the Field colonies of Spanish America, and in Cuba it was Buccarelli to whom While the new Spanish possession annexed to Cuba by virtue of the Treaty fighting the British in North America, and the Spanish colonies of Cuba produced great commotion in the island of Cuba and other Spanish 1819, the Spanish ship of war _Sabrina_ brought Cuba a new The United States government feared a secret transfer of Cuba by Spain British policy toward Spain and Cuba, I, 270; 37686 Abraham Lincoln used political machinery for the welfare of the people. "Lincoln read less and thought more than any other man of his time."[A] We shall not at all comprehend the political life of Abraham Lincoln From that time Lincoln hated slavery with all his soul. cast-iron Democrat, determined to vote against his party and for Mr. Lincoln; but the friends, as he afterwards said with tears in his eyes, efforts of his friends in New Salem, Lincoln was yet too little known perfectly free," Lincoln is reported to have said, "in my political Lincoln followed the common political ambition of his time. Political office being the reward of party service, Lincoln was a About this time Herndon states that Lincoln was the "State Fair speech" of Lincoln. Lincoln being a man of power, was beset by three parties. endanger the national life, for Lincoln said that in those days the 37701 read some letters upon Paine contributed by Mr. Conway to the _New York and 382) that Washington''s failure to answer Paine''s private letter of In a letter written at the time Yorke states that Paine had for some famous man of his time, in England, America, France. of Thomas Pain, Author of ''The Rights of Men,'' with a Defence of his poet born with the "Rights of Man," and a child of Paine''s revolution. Paine left England in October and arrived in America November 30, 1774. the country (Nov. 30, 1774), Paine speaks of America as a "nation," and would appear by the following friendly letter of Paine, addressed to and personal, Paine rose into song, as appears by the following letter year the United States government was supplied by Paine, mainly through At the very time that Paine was writing "Common Sense," Paine wrote ''Everything in the English government appears to 37702 judgment, but that Thomas Paine wrote ''The Rights of Man.''" "The militia Paine''s book on the Rights of Man!"* Incredible as this may appear the That Thomas Paine and his "Rights of Man" were the actual cause of the "Mr. Thomas Paine, Author of The Rights of Man." The other Paine wrote to Danton a letter brought to light by Taine, who says: during all this summer Paine had good reason to believe that his friends France." In a letter written in 1802, Paine said: "There must have been This is the only letter written by Paine to any one in France about of State (Paine''s friend, Jefferson), but in a confidential letter to ample time had passed, and no word about Paine came from Washington Paine''s Letter iii to the People of the United States Fifteen days afterwards Thomas Paine received a letter Seeing the state of things in America, Thomas Paine wrote a letter to 37737 period the Republican Party was firmly established), the election of Mr. Lincoln, the Civil War and Reconstruction, the story of the national with reference to slavery for the three decades prior to the Civil War. From 1833 to the organization of the Republican Party, and after that and providing for a National Delegate Convention of the Republican Party Constitution without Slavery." The Free-State men refused to vote at Party in 1860, and the probable election of a Republican President, but The Republican Party of the United States, assembled in national The Republican Party of the United States, assembled in national Reformers'' Convention met in New York June 25th, and nominated William The Republican Party, in national convention assembled, at the end of United States and the treaty-making power, the Republican Party, The Republicans of the United States, in national convention assembled, election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people, and 37812 Indian waters brought news of American ships overhauled and plundered, unusual number of men on the American''s decks, that he discovered patrolled by American war-ships as a great city is patrolled by were the American guns fired that the men actually had to crawl out of United States immediately present him with a thirty-six-gun war-ship! war-ships, Eaton''s force advanced upon the city, planning, with their that stood off twenty times her strength in British men and guns, and old man-o''-war''s men, Creole privateersmen who had fought under Lafitte, British war-ships carried two thousand men and one hundred and thirty short time, despite the efforts of British, French, and American coast towns lay under the guns of American war-ships, whose commanders States, or to muster the men who took it into the American service. he was to be tried for recruiting British man-o''-war''s-men for service Taiping army of twenty thousand men, his little force being completely 37910 great man blazed forth on this new field! life-like represented in Leutze''s great picture,--flashed a cheering for the public good with which the life of Washington abounded, when he the times, and the struggle between the old-country associations natural he was in England, a time of life when most men have lost the power to country, from his thirtieth year to the day of his death he lived no great importance in the life of every man. John Adams died at the good age of ninety-one years, on the 4th of July, best scholars in the country, he taught for a number of years with great old place, on the erection of the court-house some twenty-five years of State, Washington determined to appoint John Quincy Adams Minister the living age, saluting for the last time a great man. the contests of his time, his position on great public questions was as 38007 Cr. There was little of incident or stirring adventure in the life of Mr. Peyton, and this is the case generally, as to literary and professional applied to John Howe Peyton." Gen. William Preston, of Kentucky, told The following letter to Mrs. Peyton will be read at this day with During the year of 1829, Mrs. Anne Peyton, the widow of John R. Judge Stuart and Hon. John Howe Peyton were on a visit to Monticello at There seems never to have been a time that people did not wish Mr. Peyton on the bench, and immediately after Judge Tucker''s resignation, University of Virginia, with his son, John Lewis Peyton, in 1842, both the late Hon. John Howe Peyton to the county of Augusta, and to hear the Board of Supervisors of Augusta County of a portrait of the late Hon. John Howe Peyton and its acceptance by the authorities. 38014 of passing a general law for the government of all cities in the state, people gradually came to adopt constitutional provisions or state laws President of the United States, has no power to grant a pardon to an no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member vote which elected him President of the United States and declared President of the United States or any member of Congress is to be The Congress of the United States shall have power to adjourn to any Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House office under the United States shall be a member of either House during 6 The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a 6 The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a 2 This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be 38043 elected--Lincoln a candidate for Senator in place of General the New York Custom-House--A Senate committee reports the facts were members of opposing parties, Lincoln a Whig, Trumbull a Democrat. Trumbull had held the office of secretary of state two years when his became possible to elect a Senator of the United States in opposition to Mr. Trumbull''s review of Senator Douglas''s pro-slavery Kansas person can be elected President of the United States except in letters received by Senator Trumbull, the first one from Lincoln Trumbull says in his letter that Lincoln and Seward told the committee President of the Senate of the United States. kind, existing between Senator Trumbull and President Lincoln. As you are a Senator from _Illinois_, the state of Mr. Lincoln, a resolution, ''that any Senator of the United States elected by the Trumbull might have been President of the United States if he had voted, 38130 war-books of Major General Henry Lee, Col. John S. Virginia''s Colonial records and the records of Loudoun County. of Virginia, in whose honour the County of Loudoun was named, is of the old John Janney residence in Leesburg, later so long the home of record states, was pursuant to an order of Fairfax County Court, Loudoun "of Loudoun County and Cameron Parish" and runs to his sons John and Place for establishing the Court House of Loudoun County, it appearing town on the land of Nicholas Minor, in the county of Loudoun.... the town and county or owning land in Loudoun, it is generally held that town of Leesburg, in the county of Loudoun to the great prejudice of the Loudoun, in the Colony of Virginia, held at the Courthouse in Leesburg, John Champe was born in what was soon to become Loudoun in the year Loudoun who became Governor of Virginia in that year and whose 38139 York--Cuban Juntas in the United States--Lopez''s Negotiations with Captain-General--Disturbances in Cuba--Third Expedition of Lopez Cuba--The Moret Anti-Slavery Law--Cuban Interest in the Spanish Under the Spanish rule the chief officer of government in Cuba was the the Captain-General that there should be stationed in Cuba, or in Cuban The Spanish government in Cuba did not look with favor upon foreigners. Captain-General in Cuba and to the Spanish minister at Washington, Señor excuse to fight Spain and to annex Cuba, when the Spanish government aid for Cuba to make it feasible for the United States government to In Cuba, the Spanish authorities realized this change in Cuban United States to see Cuba made free soil, as the other Spanish colonies the United States, Cuba and Spain. Spanish Government, and as Spain has many a time promised us Cubans to Spain of the existence of a state of war in Cuba, and would govern 38202 ARTICLE GREEK LAW: "In all else Diodorus represents the new age in constitutions, reviews the work of certain early Greek lawgivers. Greek cities, but he dealt a death-blow to the old political life. The Greek poetry of this period presents no work of high merit. political character of the Byzantine empire is, despite its Greek form Greek literature even in the 20th century employs grammatical forms The great classical period of Greek theological literature is that of and lyrics, and of a work in French on modern Greek literature. history of the Greek nation from the earliest times to the present day, the closing years of the 19th century that the complete life-history has chief work is his _Roman History_, in 37 books, of the years 1204 to T. Ruinart brought out a complete edition of Gregory''s works at Paris these years of active public life, his interest in Greek history and 38373 If any nation can maintain a free press, just laws, and elections of Need of a strong government in time of war had given a power almost Parliament passed laws that same year which made public meetings nothing for public opinion or the people''s rights; but he was too good publishers in New York City than by all those in Great Britain. declared that the people of the United States would look upon attempts The money was given by a generous New Yorker; but Garrison''s work in the the New England Anti-Slavery Society at Boston early in 1832. Free State men were then supplied with rifles; and an anti-slavery business, public opinion, and social life in the cotton States; where the State District Court, told the convention that "the Sunday law, first laws against Sunday amusement were passed by men who thought all New England Anti-Slavery Society founded in Boston, January 38381 generally recognised ratio of value between gold and silver prevailing value of the metals, and the ratio of gold and silver, as arose the value of the home coin both gold and silver (see account of French TABLE OF THE VARIATIONS OF THE GOLD AND SILVER COINS OF ENGLAND, silver and gold coins, and altering the ratio, had given rise to great exchanging abroad of the gold _gulden_ and silver coins." It was in export of gold and silver coin, and in the following year the exports of metals to the Mints--of gold into any form, and of silver into 5-franc worn silver coins there were issued 5 or 10-florin gold pieces, which 5-florin pieces in gold, and the withdrawal of the silver standard coins mark, and standard of 11.4 fine, the ratio of gold to silver for the silver standard coins minted previously to the new law--the gold 38401 work was so great that the author adopted until the end of her career archegonia, consisting usually of a large egg-cell and a small neck, formed by the bases of scale-leaves (F and S, fig. axil of scale-leaves, consist of a stalked central axis bearing king of Great Britain, their son, Prince Olav, being born in 1903. HABEAS CORPUS, in English law, a writ issued out of the High Court of and literature in periodicals; but his best-known work was in general studies, besides influencing his original work, led to his important generally occurring forms, others have also been observed in the the small towns most of the houses are in half-timber work, the best The principal public building is the town hall, completed in 1863 after 1818, and was followed nine years later by the _Constitutional History of the political and general history of the time as bears directly on 38479 time to time, "William, thy master talks of letting thee be free." He In process of time he married a black slave, who is said to have been white planters sent their mulatto children to France to be educated like plantation," said he, "and take care of the interests of the good old revenge and dread of Slavery, killed white men, women, and children I want to tell you a story of a poor little slave-girl who lived and news, and said, "Bress de Lord and de good English people." black children were born to be slaves; and now he heard his master say Lord _had_ a great work for him to do; and in His own good time he had He said if a man carried off a slave that did not of men, and a great friend of the colored people." "That makes it all 38483 opportunities in early life, Mr. Lincoln grew into the great man he was. "The first time I ever remember of seeing Abe Lincoln," is In later years Mr. Lincoln related the following young Lincoln often called at his office and borrowed books Lincoln''s return to New Salem in August, 1831, was, within a few days, "They formed a ring, and the time having arrived, Lincoln, with one hand No little of Lincoln''s influence with the men of New Salem can be About the same time that Lincoln drifted into New Salem there came in of little effect, but enough appears in Lincoln''s letter to show that he note was delivered by me to Mr. Lincoln, stating, at the same time, About sunset, General Whiteside called again, and secured from Mr. Lincoln the following answer to Mr. Shields''s note:-* The following letter from Lincoln to his friend Speed 38782 Steam is said to have reduced the working hours of man in the For a hundred years before Franklin''s time, electricity had been studied For twenty years Franklin continued to work at electricity, devoting When Eli was thirteen years old his father married a second time. machines for doing work that for thousands of years had been done For a time the poor inventor abandoned his machine and obtained a place to New York, where he began in a small way to manufacture machines in Philadelphia and then to New York was only a work of time. inventor that he might return to New York and begin work, as the As a farmer boy, young Cyrus McCormick began his day''s work in the years of study, he had invented a machine for making a gold bracelet out machine, and after six years of hard work turned out an apparatus that 38806 If the Bible is inspired, Jehovah, God of all worlds, actually said: kill his wife because she suggested the worshiping of some other God. I also insist that the Old Testament would be a much better book with right-minded, sane man, except Mr. Black, who now believes that a God of believe in the wrong God. In order to know the difference between right reasonable to believe that a good God would assist his chosen people to According to your creed, man must believe in your God. All You believe that Christ was God, that he was infinite in power. It is far better for a man to love his fellow-men than to love God. It Is it in accordance with reason that an infinitely good and loving God natural man cannot know the things of the spirit of God, because they 38906 citizens of this great country. country, the name of one of the honored actors in the great struggle for Great and good Citizen! with that feeling, in times past--I trust forever--when my position was of regard, respect and sympathy from the citizens of Pittsburgh, beyond entertain a feeling of gratitude, belonging to the nature of man, towards the citizens of Pittsburgh, for their attention and sympathy on During the last summer, I received an invitation to visit a western some of my personal friends in this city, to visit and be received by your number--there are few in your city with whom I have had the honor DEAR SIR: A day or two after I had the honor of addressing you at the and Teague O''Regan." My visit to Pittsburgh in 1843, and my intercourse acquaintance with Captain Farrago and his man Teague, at their first kindness, and that of my fellow-citizens of Pittsburgh and Allegheny, 38941 Sands.--Sea-weed and Shell-fish.--Foot-prints.--Old York Annals.--Sir The Way to the Island.--The Pool.--Ancient Ships.--Old House.--Town Fragments.--The Pilgrims'' first Landing.--New England Washing-day.--De Seabury.--Old Burial-ground.--New London Harbor.--The little Covered Way and Light-house, White Island 193 The islands of the New England coast have become beacons of her history. I reached the little village of New Harbor, at Pemaquid Point, in time alike to man and beast in every public-house in New England--at the old [67] An old sea-chart says, "Saco River bear place at low water." East of the islands, toward the open sea, there is laid down on old meeting-house on Hog Island, though the service of the Church of England [Illustration: COVERED WAY AND LIGHT-HOUSE, WHITE ISLAND.] [Illustration: OLD HOUSE, GREAT ISLAND.] There are many old houses on Great Island. There are many old houses on Great Island. It is only a little way from the landing-place at Clark''s Island to the [Illustration: OLD-TIME HOUSES.] 39005 General Directions--Tact and Good Taste--Leaving Cards--Visits Lady entering a Dining-Room--To Older Persons--Meeting or life, in public places generally, observe the manner in which elderly pretty young lady under the care of some suitable person for a short an old woman with a good-humored face and portly person, seated near a of Man," I think, relates an instance of a young person, in infirm as she said, she wanted to talk a little about old times, when we were "Who is that fine-looking young man, Colonel Lunettes?" asked the lady part of this profound observer of life and manners, and a young lady matters stood, a good-natured, farmer-like looking old man, who occupied "I do not know how to thank you sufficiently, sir," said the young lady, "My dear young lady," said I, taking her hand respectfully in my own, young lady who occupied the seat with her new friend came to her and 39012 Civil War. At sixteen, the real work of Washington''s life began. Into this busy and happy life came sorrow, as it comes into other lives. Streets, Washington said good-bye to his officers, losing for a time his Three years later the great man lay dying, after a day''s hard-working college boy and the tender-hearted, tolerant man! In the midst of this loving company, the great man led a busy life, George Bancroft said, "No man in private life so possessed the hearts of the little house passed into other hands, and Mrs. Jackson went to live reached his father''s house, the pale old man said to him, "Well, Daniel, He said, thirty years later, "Among the acts of my life which I M. Bundy, in his Life of Garfield, said, years later, "His house said, "During the twenty years that I have been in public life, almost 39037 Great Spirit in our hearts speaks to our souls, leading first to inward mother, life and literature, world and nature,--playing into one Through the consciousness of man, "shall not Nature interpret God?" We great poetic idea possible to man--the progress of a soul through the better life, where his fancies shall take their natural place, and the great man, as he looked and moved in actual life, though imperfectly up a thought or leave a flower upon thy path,--look at these men with the glad lights which love and hope cast upon human nature. a good man, whose heart is kept open daily to truth in every new form, path, and it requires great natural force, a wise and large view of life "How is it, man, that thou art now content that thy life bears no golden strange world--the case of a man of good intentions, with natural powers 39068 For many years, until 1882, the Old State House was used for business purposes, after previous service as Town House, City Hall, Court The old house in North Square was the home of the Revere family until The new church, which was called the South Meeting House, was built on King''s Chapel, as the new church building came to be called, was known Mrs. Duston lived in the old house at Haverhill for many years after For nearly thirty years after the Revolution the stately old house was The Hasbrouck house was sold by the family to New York State in 1849. From that day the State House has been known as Independence Hall, between Church and State in the old Colony took place during the years When it was decided that a new church building was needed, Washington Two years later he led into the new house his bride, 39079 With two small children, a son and daughter, Mrs. Custis early found The life of Mrs. Washington, after her husband took the Presidential Mrs. Elizabeth Heard, "a widow of good estate, a mother of many children for a long period the young wife, with her little children and an aged On the burning of Royalton, Vermont, by the Indians, in 1776, Mrs. Hendee, of that place, exhibited a praiseworthy and heroic character. Mrs. Dustin had the happiness of meeting her husband and seven children, could conveniently carry off with them, they started, taking Mrs. Daviess and her children--seven in number--as prisoners, along with After he had stepped into the house, Mrs. Daviess asked him if he would drink something--and having set a bottle offered to accompany Mrs. Van Alstine to the man''s house, and although Indian women running towards her house in great haste, followed by the 39084 the early years of New England''s literary history, the parallel becomes examination at Harvard was at the time when Prescott came up as a A letter written by Prescott on August 23d, the day after he had passed not visit the theatre or meet the many interesting persons to whom Mr. John Quincy Adams, then American Minister to England, offered to present years, Prescott never acquired a faultless Spanish diction; but he wrote Years afterward, Prescott, in writing to a friend who had suffered a How thoroughly Prescott prepared himself for the writing of his book To the English criticisms Prescott naturally looked forward subject, it may be said that for all purposes of literary work Prescott years immediately following its publication, Prescott''s great work was This book appeared in the year of Prescott''s death, and he himself made Mr. Prescott''s collection of works relating to Mexican history, for young man, knew Prescott well, and to whom the reading of this book 39104 reforms in Church and State which have so blessed the common people of corn laws, Catholic emancipation, Parliamentary reform, and every other slave trade, and advocating the cause of Catholic emancipation, Mr. Canning sustained the worst Tory measures from his entrance into years'' labor of Jeremy Bentham in the cause of law reform. Law Reform--The Penal Code of England--Its Barbarity--The Law Reform--The Penal Code of England--Its Barbarity--The On the death of this great man, the cause of Catholic emancipation fell during the intervening ten years, a great reform meeting was held at general education, complete suffrage, church reform, corn-law repeal, Lord Brougham said: "I have always great pleasure in listening to Mr. Thompson, who is the most eloquent man and the most accomplished orator The next year after the passage of the West India abolition act, Mr. Thompson visited this country, where he remained till driven from our 39144 I desire to make acknowledgment to my long-time and esteemed friend, Mr. Lawrence Abbott, the President of "The Outlook," who encouraged and When President Grant came to New York I called on Dunnell, "New York Times" correspondent, called on Mrs. Cleveland in the When Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States through President of the United States, an honor and a privilege that Roosevelt President left for his work-room in the new office building west of the celebration in the White House; the President''s New Year''s Before I became a member of President Roosevelt''s official family, I was general, and how the Nobel Peace Prize, which President Roosevelt had The President and Mrs. Roosevelt invited Mrs. Straus and me to return to At this time I received a letter from Roosevelt, addressed from the Vice-President, the New York State Convention of the Progressive Party 39154 story or poem to lay hold of the inner life of the children. in the books read in the early grades these profound lessons of life The effect upon the teacher of the study of a few of the "Books of Life" There are two fairly good books of Lincoln''s early life for children. selected parts of the story, and encourage the children to read them, if Great Books and Life Teachers. for teachers, dealing with literature, reading, and child study. Good American stories for children to read at home or school. An excellent story for children to read at home or in school. Very pleasing stories of animal life for children and teachers. A book of great value to teachers for thoughtful study. Children''s Stories of American Literature, 1860-1896, 238 Children''s Stories of American Literature, 1860-1896, 238 Children''s Stories of American Literature, 1860-1896, 238 39316 _William Browne_, Joseph Greene, _James Boutineau_, Andrew Oliver, Col. Josiah Edson, Richard Lechmere, _Commodore Joshua Loring_, John Thomas, his eldest son, had married Elizabeth, daughter of Col. John Richard and Mary came to Boston in 1736, and their son John was born WILLIAM BOWES, born at Boston, 15 Oct. 1771, lived in England and died daughter of Rev. John Troutbeck, born at Boston 1 Oct. 1768, and died in Sarah Bowes, daughter of William Bowes, Sr., was born at Boston, Jan. 31, 1773, and died in England. The fourth son, NATHANIEL COFFIN, born in Boston, 1766, lived and died These Boston men and women, sons and daughters of brave John Coffin, are Boston, died in 1690, leaving three sons, John, born 1667, William 1670, dwelling-house in Boston, School St. S.; the town''s land W.; John dwelling-house in Boston, School St. S.; the town''s land W.; John 39368 -Declaration of War. The peace which closed our revolutionary struggle was like a wound right of search, her vessels of war arrested American merchantmen to American vessel was allowed to pass unmolested by British cruisers, The commander of the English ship declared that the American frigate Four days after crossing the river, General Hull sent Colonels Cass of war _nine_ days before it reached the American commander at the of a British officer, with some soldiers who took them to Gen. Sheaffe, to whom Scott surrendered his whole force. morning the declaration of war by the United States against Great was the first hostile gun fired on the sea after war was declared. insulting conduct of English officers in this second war, force him to Instead of carrying the war into the enemy''s country, we Before the news of the declaration of war arrived in England they British men of war. 39388 LONE ROCK, COLUMBIA RIVER, ABOUT FIFTY MILES EAST OF PORTLAND 378 MULTNOMAH FALLS, 840 FEET HIGH, ON SOUTH SIDE OF COLUMBIA RIVER waters; and after this, Adams, or in the Indian, Klickitat, with St. Helens or Loowit near at hand on the west; then, across the Great River, of the lower Columbia River Indians, is the stretch of mingled bluff, In any event it is probable that the Columbia River Indians had got a three thousand ninety-six miles; thence by land by way of Lewis River The Indians assured them that they could reach the Great River within At the great falls of the River, known to the Indians as the the River--The Oregon Steam Navigation Company--Great Business Columbia River Navigation Company, and the rival was the Oregon meet." The city of Walla Walla is thirty-two miles from the Columbia River Columbia and Snake Rivers, at the crossings of the great railroads, and at 39403 year old atmosphere, the town of Fredericksburg, Virginia, nestles in the Virginia, came to Fredericksburg, calling on his friend, Colonel Henry But the town was not shelled and a few at a time many of the old men and Wealthy men were to walk back a few days later to their home town as In the whole action at Fredericksburg, General Lee used but 57,000 men, the Phillips house, Lee in a tent, near Fredericksburg, while General When the Great World War came on, Fredericksburg sent two organized As it is known that Washington lived at Fredericksburg from the time he war and spent some time at his home here when a very old man, some years Fredericksburg, at the time that Mercer came, lived John Paul Jones, and George Washington, whose home was in Fredericksburg, knew the tavern well, characteristics, in the old days of Fredericksburg, many times the space 39406 What is a Kentucky book, is the one great question this work has These writers hardly did more than point the way to Kentucky for Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe, whose world-famous novel, _Uncle Tom''s Cabin_ _Kentucky Border Foes_, and _Old Honesty: a Tale of the Early Days of born and died at Paris, Kentucky, in 1823; and in the following year if the _Kentucky Acts_ which John Bradford published in the same year Kentucky''s earlier years," a most remarkable man from several points twenty years of age, he settled in Lexington, Kentucky, as a lawyer; years old Audubon returned to the United States to settle upon his and went, in 1829, to Louisville, Kentucky, where, three years later, young man, and made his home in the little town of Danville, Kentucky. Kentucky, when he was only two years old. edited for about two years, when he removed to Louisville, Kentucky, and 39568 constitutional right of Congress to abolish slavery in the District of and scattered State Bible societies, Jay published a pamphlet in 1816 was formed in New York in 1785 with John Jay as president and Alexander ANTISLAVERY SOCIETIES.--ANTI-ABOLITION RIOTS.--JAY PUBLISHES HIS ANTISLAVERY SOCIETIES.--ANTI-ABOLITION RIOTS.--JAY PUBLISHES HIS Elizur Wright, Jr., all officers of the New York Antislavery Society. of the New York postmaster in the United States courts, but Judge Jay Utica on October 21, 1835, to form a New York State Antislavery Society. In 1836 Judge Jay resigned the presidency of the New York State AMERICAN ANTISLAVERY SOCIETY.--JUDGE JAY RESIGNS HIS MEMBERSHIP, AMERICAN ANTISLAVERY SOCIETY.--JUDGE JAY RESIGNS HIS MEMBERSHIP, JUDGE JAY CONTINUES TO SUPPORT THE ANTISLAVERY CAUSE BY HIS ADVICE JUDGE JAY CONTINUES TO SUPPORT THE ANTISLAVERY CAUSE BY HIS ADVICE elected president of New York State Antislavery Society, 77; presented by John Jay to the New York Historical Society, for 39606 "My poor lad," said the good old man, as he put one arm over the boy''s Here the squire thought it time to assist his friend, Captain Tom, and "Captain Tom," said Sir James, with a little of asperity in his voice, "Dick," said Ande, "a red-headed Dane is a pretty-fair sort of a fellow, "That''s what we were studying about the other day," said Dick, as Ande "Come, I have a plan at last," said Ande after a moment''s thought, and "What a grand country, Dick, old chap," said Ande, surveying the scene "It''s a bit lonely for an old man, and I like company at times," said "Dick," said Ande in the privacy of their own room, "I believe that old Several times had Ande and Dick visited the old hunter''s cabin in the "Hunter Tom is a queer character," said Ande to Dick, as they continued 39607 this place we came to a noted point of crossing called the Little Rock native valley, a family of Indians of the Iroquois stock, who often went believes, he has opened new and important means of judging of the Indian Indians, resembling the French New Year''s Day, which was generally One day as she lay alone in her little lodge, a person appeared to her utterance appears to be a general and fixed law in the Indian languages It is known that the Indian tribes of this continent live in a state of long been a place where Indian arrow heads were made, and that we saw tribe of Indians, who formerly inhabited the banks of the river of the present time, on the grave posts which mark the places of Indian In the course of the same day, I observed that the Indians came in great 39632 ARTICLE HART, SIR ROBERT: "In the following year he received an HARTMANN, KARL ROBERT EDUARD VON HAWKINS, SIR JOHN (British writer) Professor of Modern History, King''s College, London, Secretary of Professor of History in Columbia University, New York City. between minor tonic and major dominant key is very difficult to work on home in 1800, became lieutenant-general in the army the following year, United States_ (New York, 1894), edited by James Grant Wilson. worked at it for several years, at the same time occasionally making a American Civil War. Near the centre of the city is the old town square (now known as the year was ordered to be at "New Towne." In memory of the English Having returned to his practice in London at the close of the year 1636, While in Italy the following year Harvey visited his old university of in the following year introduced a new constitution, in which Hastings 39634 the benefit of a business education; the following year he entered old died at the age of four years, and one daughter, Carrie Bell, a member New Hampshire is a small state, yet her sons and daughters are scattered New Hampshire state legislature, serving the last two years as speaker Republican state convention; and Dartmouth College that year conferred eighteen years, and raised a large family, and when he went to New years of age, he removed to the town of Enfield in this state, where he In 1874, Col. Pierce was elected a member of the New Hampshire state lived to be ninety-six years of age, and he corresponded with Mr. Rollins till the last days of his long and useful life. years the president, of the New Hampshire State Agricultural Society, an years he worked upon a farm, taught school in New Hampshire and 39720 an agitation in the North against the existence of slavery in the South, against the existence of slavery in her sister States of the South, and array the North, as a section, against the South, that Southern Whigs to conceive that the Southern States of this Union, whose people in 1830 on both slavery in the South and the Constitution of the United States, of new slave States into the Union. upon the constitutional rights of slave-holders; and Southern people when he made in the United States Senate his anti-slavery "higher law" shall become alike lawful in all the States--old as well as new--North slavery in the South, and he thus stated it, in a letter to his friend, controversy between the North and the South, "State-rights" became the the new claim, that slavery in the South was the concern of the North, Lincoln, South no more responsible for slavery than North, 49; 39823 The National Flag of the United States of America, The present union of the crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick, in the British ensign, reverting to the devices embodied in the National Flag of the United States, obliged to 9. The National Flag of the United States, "The Stars and Stripes," "Union Jack: the national flag of Great Britain and Ireland. being also the day of forming the new army, The Great Union Flag flag, displayed by General Washington, was the union of the crosses of flags were adopted before the union of the _thirteen_ colonies was to the fact, that in the present Union, or national flag of the United The striped Union flag was the colonial colors, both at sea and land, of the Great Union Flag of the Colonies, that the stripes in the field existing Union, would be presented by the flag of the United States. 39893 leads a nation to wage war, because being able to fight makes one want warring and the neutral powers--differences which, in time of peace, the time of the Civil War. Ten thousand men, armed with modern guns and all the paraphernalia of million men armed with the old smooth-bore guns of the Civil War. As a enginery and fighting methods, the nations would be able, in a war like In the present European war, the great long-range German howitzers, national defense in time of war, to build up and man our Navy, construct the great armies today, and the present war has indicated, in the case officers of the Army and the Navy, for, if war comes, it is they who If the manufacturers of war-materials, and our army and navy men, are to of war-materials in the hands of army and navy officers, whom they 39898 this place we came to a noted point of crossing called the Little Rock native valley, a family of Indians of the Iroquois stock, who often went believes, he has opened new and important means of judging of the Indian Indians, resembling the French New Year''s Day, which was generally One day as she lay alone in her little lodge, a person appeared to her utterance appears to be a general and fixed law in the Indian languages It is known that the Indian tribes of this continent live in a state of long been a place where Indian arrow heads were made, and that we saw tribe of Indians, who formerly inhabited the banks of the river of the present time, on the grave posts which mark the places of Indian In the course of the same day, I observed that the Indians came in great 39927 upon the second of November (new style), 1734, Daniel Boone, fourth son In the year 1754, the entire American border, from the Yadkin to the St. Lawrence, became deeply concerned in the Indian question. years before the Boones reached the Yadkin country there had located When Daniel Boone returned from tidewater Virginia to the Yadkin region At the close of the French and Indian War there arrived in the Boone In the autumn of that year Daniel Boone and a warm friend, William Hill, and possibly Squire Boone, determined to seek Kentucky, of which Finley Finley and Boone were both aware that Kentucky lay between the warring Daniel Boone was neither the original white explorer of Kentucky nor the "General Boone of Kentucky;" the public journals of the time had By the time he was seventy years old, Boone''s skill as a hunter had Boone''s long Kentucky hunt, 72-84, 86, 94-97; 39940 A knock came upon the door, and Stumph, Ashton-Kirk''s grave-faced man "A moment ago," said Ashton-Kirk, "you spoke of odd happenings. Ashton-Kirk nodded; and as the old woman admitted them, he said: "All countries have had their secrets," said Ashton-Kirk, after a pause. Ashton-Kirk looked at the young man; his face was pale, his eyes were face; Ashton-Kirk, his eyes turned in a sidelong look toward a door at "The police," said Ashton-Kirk, looking at his watch. Fuller looked in; the secret agent nodded and the young man stepped said Ashton-Kirk as he stood by the tray, watch in hand, "is due in the "Osborne has been looking about," said Ashton-Kirk, pointing to a broad, "What I personally think," said Ashton-Kirk, "is of no great matter," said Fuller, as he sat back in Ashton-Kirk''s lounging chair and "This man," said Ashton-Kirk to the old servant as they came upon her, 40072 Close by the Mansion House the street called Poultry ends. Said the Great Bell of Bow. Sir Christopher Wren, who built the present Bow Church, was a renowned On a Giltspur Street house wall, near Pie Corner, there is part of a Watling Street is the present day form of an old Roman road that Around a corner, on the north side of Queen Victoria Street, St. Nicholas Cole Abbey stands, the first church to be completed by Wren by Hart Street, is an entrance way to the old church of St. Olave, which Opposite Essex Street in the middle of the Strand is the church of St. Clement Danes, designed by Sir Christopher Wren in 1681. To-day on the site of Will''s Coffee House stands the old home of Charles In Marylebone Road at the end of High Street is Old Mary-le-bone Church 40210 of Independence but for the timely appearance of Paine''s "Common Sense," time, "The Free and Independent States of America." Nor did Paine''s Theodore Roosevelt: "Thomas Paine, the famous author of ''Common Sense.''" "Thomas Paine brought to the study of the American Revolution a mind... It was over the writings of Thomas Paine chiefly, his "Rights of Man" at "Paine''s ''Rights of Man''," says Dr. Conway, "had been in every French from a democrat like Thomas Paine, a man so intimately allied with the of thoughts and words Thomas Paine was the most known of men and the any other man, is what Thomas Paine did."--_The Nation, London_. "Paine wrote the ''Age of Reason'' in Paris some years after Franklin The publication of Thomas Paine''s immortal pamphlet, ''Common Sense,'' generally known that Thomas Paine was the man in whose brain the bank Such a man was Thomas Paine." 40225 Dr. Thomas Lloyd, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, having heard of Rev. Morgan Jones''s adventures, and meeting him in New York, desired him to If the Welsh Indians could be identified as descendants of Madoc''s to seek a new country, and that these men, after seeking six years, came account of their country, who, the Indians said, could not return in The following words are in a letter from Mr. Reynold Howells to a Mr. Mills, dated Philadelphia, 1752: "The Welsh Indians are found out: they Kaskaskia, some Indians came there, and, speaking the Welsh language, and that a people called the Welsh or White Indians now reside at or been informed by the Indians of a nation of clothed people, far to the Thus it may be seen that the Welsh Indians went by different names, the Welsh people now existing, who, he thinks, are descendants of Madoc''s THE WELSH LANGUAGE AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS. THE WELSH LANGUAGE AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS. 40389 opposition--Washington appoints Marshall to be United States writes "Camillus"--Marshall stands by Washington--Jefferson Supreme Court of the United States--Marshall makes a tremendous arose from the time Washington became President until Marshall took his Britain] and republican France," declares Marshall. neutrality of the United States," writes Marshall, "that great party As soon as Jefferson got word of Marshall''s support of Washington''s Washington, Marshall, and other Virginia Federalists had grown; while American Government, which Marshall now is to write, were transmitted to Marshall now insists that the American case be formally stated to the French Government objected, says Marshall, were contraband by the laws Having made his report to the President and Secretary of State, Marshall General Washington, I believe the President, Pinckney, and Marshall are John Marshall, of Virginia, to be Chief Justice of the United States, John Marshall, who, as Chief Justice of the United States, presided at 40412 HENRY AUSTIN DOBSON, a famous English poet and man of letters, was born WALTER NEALE, a noted American author and man of letters, was born at WILLIAM HENRY BURLEIGH, a noted American poet and journalist was born in SARA FLOWER ADAMS, a noted English hymn-writer, was born at Great WILLIAM CLARK RUSSELL, a noted English-American novelist, was born in JOHN BYROM, a noted English poet, and writer of hymns, was born at HENRY KIRKE WHITE, a noted English poet, was born at Nottingham, March THOMAS NOEL, a noted English poet, was born May 11, 1799, and died in SIR WILLIAM WATSON, a famous English poet, was born at Wharfedale, JOHN GOWER, a noted English poet, was born in Kent in 1325 (?), and died EDMUND SPENSER, the famous English poet, was born about 1552, and died GEORGE PEELE, a famous English dramatist, was born in 1553 (?), and died 40445 Burr for treason--Marshall indirectly criticizes Jefferson-Hay writes Jefferson that Marshall favors Burr--At last Jefferson became President and John Marshall Chief Justice of the United Chief Justice of the United States, John Marshall, at first, found question: Can the Supreme Court of the United States invalidate an act The trial of John Pickering, Judge of the United States Court for the Again, during the trial of Aaron Burr,[398] Jefferson denounced Marshall Act which Marshall and the entire court had, five years before, declared Pickering, Judge of the United States Court for the District of New trial, John Marshall, the Supreme Court, and the whole National Marshall''s "party diatribe" clung like a burr in Jefferson''s mind and In substance Jefferson said that if Marshall should suffer Burr _Where Marshall presided at the Burr trial._] [1266] This part of Marshall''s opinion (_Burr Trials_, II, 425-34; 4 [1337] "Letters to John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States," 40475 this place we came to a noted point of crossing called the Little Rock native valley, a family of Indians of the Iroquois stock, who often went believes, he has opened new and important means of judging of the Indian The system of government generally prevailing among the Indian tribes, Indians, resembling the French New Year''s Day, which was generally One day as she lay alone in her little lodge, a person appeared to her utterance appears to be a general and fixed law in the Indian languages It is known that the Indian tribes of this continent live in a state of long been a place where Indian arrow heads were made, and that we saw tribe of Indians, who formerly inhabited the banks of the river of the present time, on the grave posts which mark the places of Indian [24] A generic term denoting the common people of the Indian race. 40482 by faith; so shall we ever live in God. Amen._--John Hunter. lose our faith in Thy goodness, but committing our souls unto Thee Man cannot live without faith, because the adventure of life demands Man cannot live, lacking faith, because _without it life''s richest Man cannot live without faith, because in life''s adventure the central Man''s life, interpreted and motived by religious faith, is glorious, _When faith in God goes, man the sufferer loses his securest _When faith in God goes, man the mortal loses his only hope._ _O God, we turn to Thee in the faith that Thou dost understand and Such are the experiences of man, with which faith in a personal God is The Christian faith asserts that when a man thus thinks of God in dealing with the _mind''s_ faith in God; the man''s intellect are dealing with the _heart''s_ faith in God; the whole man is Man''s faith in God 40499 Houses, with the President of the United States, after the oath shall be the members of this House, do present the said address to the President. Besides, as was said by the worthy gentleman from Virginia (Mr. BLAND), there is not money enough in the United States to pay the officer shall have power to examine into the state of the public debt constitution only gives power to Congress to establish officers by law, Mr. STONE said, it ought to be "Government of the United States," receive the President of the United States, who addressed both Houses. UNITED STATES proposed to meet the two Houses of Congress in the Senate Speech of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES to both Houses of Congress; PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, in answer to his Speech to both Houses of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES to both Houses of Congress was 40533 resists order of the United States Court--Marshall''s opinion Georgia--The State again ignores the Supreme Court--Marshall State defies the Supreme Court--Marshall''s opinion--Georgia National court was promptly met by an act of the State Legislature which the Chief Justice delivered his opinion in the case of the United States Supreme Court, directed the United States Marshal to enforce the decree the Supreme Court of the United States, a power to _re-examine, by way highest court of any State in all cases where the National Constitution, repealing act, took the case to the Supreme Court of the United States. of the Supreme Court of the United States," Marshall, at the head of his court, because neither the constitution nor any law of the United States Virginia''s defiance of National authority.[967] Marshall thus states the Marshall had been Chief Justice of the United States for twenty years, Act of 1801; Marshall, John (_Chief Justice_); Supreme Court. 40609 great cause of lamentation to me," said he in riper years, "that men of learned, but God''s living word out of heaven to unfaithful man, is "In ages past," says Mr. Badger, "God has seen fit to raise power to my mind, and as no minister was present that day, energy, decision and success, which belonged to the public life of Mr. Badger, must, in the ordinary course of things, have called out much life; from which time his faith in the Son of God by the year shall end, O God, may I be allowed to see great displays of thy hearts, within a few days God has done great things for our this time the work of God in no small degree of power Wayne County, New York, a town in which Mr. Badger at different times Now is the time for the man of God to be 40769 right to King John, and the castle remained with the crown until Henry Aethelberht was at this time supreme over all the English kings south of in the extreme south-east which lies west of the Tennessee river; this on the north, east and south, form a series of well-sheltered harbours. Protestant church of the 17th century; and an old town-hall. north-eastern portion of Persia which forms one of the five great large court on the south-east or city side, into which opened the great Kildare, forms the eastern boundary of the county from near New Bridge. _Killálla_), a small town on the north coast of county KING, HENRY (1591-1669), English bishop and poet, eldest son of John The other works of William King include: _A Journey to London, in the and run into the former county from south-west to north-east for a Thus about the year 1500 were formed two powerful states in 40851 Gentlemen had said, that the laws of the States took no effect on the receive injury under the fugitive act, the United States ought to amend On motion, the House resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole, Mr. DENT in the chair, on the Answer reported to the President''s Speech, words, viz: "The PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES shall have the power to of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, this day addressed to both Houses of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, this day addressed to both Houses of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, this day addressed to both Houses of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, this day addressed to both Houses of the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, this day addressed to both Houses United States to any foreign place or country; and so much of the said UNITED STATES to both Houses of Congress, at the opening of the session; 40861 seven States; and all questions shall be decided by the greater number Legislature ought to be elected by the people of the several States The Legislature of the United States shall have the power to lay & The Legislature of the United States shall have the Power to declare the the members present in each house--The United States shall not grant any The Executive Power of the United States shall be vested in a President Legislature of the United States shall have the power to revise the The Legislature shall have power to admit new States into the Union on Legislature of the United States shall call a Convention for the the first branch of the national Legislature be elected by the State On the question for electing the 1^{st} branch by the State Legislatures The Legislature of the United States shall have power 40888 JETHRO WOOD, INVENTOR OF THE MODERN PLOW. Jethro Wood took out two plow patents, and those who wish to belittle "The mould-board, which the said Jethro Wood claims as his own, and continued, would reach; if, the said Jethro Wood repeats, a right line "In the second place, the said Jethro Wood claims an exclusive right "In the fourth place, the said Jethro Wood claims the exclusive right "In the fifth place, the said Jethro Wood claims an exclusive right to "During the year, 1820, Jethro Wood sent one of his plows to Alexander originator of the plow in use, but now his right to the invention was plow which was said to have a cast-iron mould-board of exactly similar Everywhere in that State he found ''Wood''s plow'' Jethro Wood and his plow. had mould-board plows. "The American plow, during the colonial period, was of wood, the 40898 Columbiad." He is a good looking, if somewhat self-centered young man, a favorite in the days of his New Haven residence with the young ladies of was first-hand news of the old Connecticut friends--that Trumbull, Fairly early in life Elizabeth became engaged to be married to the Rev. Joseph Howe, a Yale graduate, and for a while a tutor at the college, knowing the ways of her world as well as any one of her day and time. In the social life of the old city she was a leading and popular figure. IN the year 1822 there drifted into the friendly social life of the old impression of the social life of the old town one hundred years ago. Looking back through the years the life of his time seems to have had a reading room, as into a club, to look through the news of the day. 40904 Pinckney of South Carolina presented a draught of a constitution that living, and Pinckney by placing his copy of the draught in the State The Pinckney draught in the Department of State is written on unruled article 3 the draught says, "The House of Delegates shall consist of At what time the Pinckney draught was first brought to Madison''s subject of Mr. Pinckney''s draught of a Constitution for the United which Pinckney placed in the State Department was not the draught which Pinckney presented his draught to the Convention on its first business copy of the draught which Pinckney presented to the Convention on the different States, it being article IX of the Committee''s draught. Pinckney draught, a provision which the Convention had more than once Constitution the Pinckney draught had seemed too much to be the work of the State Department draught, at the time when the Convention was 40973 closing days of March, orders were received from the War Department for Barrancas, we marched to our camping place, half a mile beyond and near A few days later a Federal soldier attempted to place a Union hearts in those old days when their "boys" came home from the war, had reached their position in line Col. Gracie gave the command, m. brigade ordered away, leaving us on skirmish line without companies from our regiment sent out on picket line. Skirmishing on picket line all day. position and our regiment was placed on the picket line. column had already reached our skirmish line, ordered the company into ten-year-old son standing by the soldier said, "Here, boy, hold this next day we began our march to rejoin the army and for 17 miles, in times together in those old war days." Brad''s smile reached from his 40977 houses.--Springfield.--Petersburg.--Mr. Lincoln appears a second time to create a third party.--Mr. Lincoln elected.--Federal and State great speech.--Mr. Douglas rejoins.--The Abolitionists.--Mr. Herndon.--Determined to make Mr. Lincoln an Abolitionist.--They refuse election.--Mr. Lincoln advises his friends to vote for Judge agrees to meet the Abolitionists.--Convention at Bloomington.--Mr. Lincoln considered a convert.--His great speech.--Conservative Meeting of the Republican State Convention.--Mr. Lincoln present.--John For two years Lincoln continued to live along in the old way. great many things pertaining to Abe Lincoln''s life that is went to Indiana to live with the Lincolns when Abe was fourteen years Lincoln, as already stated, was at this time living with "Row" Herndon. "You ask me," says Mr. Ellis, "if I remember the first time I saw Mr. Lincoln. Now," said Mr. Lincoln, "I desire to say to my friend from Monroe (Mr. Bissell), that if any woman, old or young, ever thought there was any 41041 large with the story of the road west of the Ohio River, especially in The Cumberland Road was best known in some parts as the "United States" the subject _The Old National Road_ formerly published by the Ohio State opening, and making roads within the said state of Ohio; and secondly, fifth continued on the road to Columbus, Ohio, and points further west. As Mr. Searight has said, the travel of the road west of the Ohio may have been Road crossed the Ohio River, a number of taverns were erected on the this first wagon-road west of the Ohio River the earliest taverns were both of the great cities of Ohio, the Cumberland Road will become, for making the road from Cumberland to the state of Ohio, to be for making the road from Cumberland to the state of Ohio, to be paid ADVERTISEMENT OF CUMBERLAND ROAD TAVERN IN OHIO--1837 41095 M^r Gerry & Gov^r Morris moved that the Electors of the Executive shall The Legislature of the United States shall have power to declare The Senate of the United States shall have power to make 1. The Executive Power of the United States shall be Legislature of the United States shall call a convention for The Legislature shall have power to admit other States into the legislatures[85] of the several states, shall propose amendments legislatures[85] of the several states, shall propose amendments moves that states vote for President in legislature with at least moves that national legislature have power over elections if states favors elections to Senate by state legislatures, 94, 99; favors elections to Senate by state legislatures, 94, 99; favors elections to Senate by state legislatures, 94, 99; favors elections to Senate by state legislatures, 94, 99; favors elections to Senate by state legislatures, 94, 99; 41173 THE NON-SLAVEHOLDERS OF THE SLAVE STATES. average number of slaves we assign to each slaveholder is probably far Now the number of slaves in the United States by the last taken for granted, that every white man at the South is a slaveholder, price of land in the free and slave States. comparative ignorance of the free and slave States. prevailing in the old States of South Carolina, Virginia, and North were received by the citizens of the slave States. different state of society under freedom and slavery; suffer us now to States Senate, "Let an abolitionist come within the borders of South passed by public meetings in almost every slave State. In some of the slave States laws have been passed establishing a In the Senate, the slave States have precisely as many as the free; and [13] 135 from the free and 88 members from the slave States. In these States slave labor is 41300 maintaining the government of a great nation on principles entirely Returning to the United States in 1788, he found the new government constitutional power of this government, we look upon the States as one. [Sidenote: The powers of the government to be used for the general founded on the ground already stated, that the government is a great [Sidenote: May State legislatures arrest national laws?] Constitution by the general government, a State may interpose; and that people have given power to the general government, so far the grant is No doubt, Sir, a great majority of the people of New England Constitution of the United States confers on the government itself, to Constitution and laws of the United States is declared. [Sidenote: The people have reposed power in the general government.] [Sidenote: The Constitution alterable by the people, not by the States.] Government, United States, source of powers of, 150, 162, 164; 41316 These Exiles were by the Creek Indians called "Seminoles," which in stated in General Jackson''s order, to "blow up the fort, and _return the The Exiles, generally, retreated to Suwanee, and the Indians continued Creek Indians,[49] in order to obtain from them indemnity for the slaves the Creek Indians, the mercenary troops employed by General Jessup. slaves "_captured during the war_," as though the Indians made prisoners General Jessup now saw that both Seminole Indians and negroes had clear purpose--Letter to Secretary of War--His answer--Indians and Exiles General Jessup, directing that all negroes captured should be the slaves or, as General Jessup called him, a "Seminole negro." This man soon General Jessup were, the Indians and the Exiles were deceived, and, as Indian Affairs wrote an order, directed to General Jessup, to deliver up war against the Seminole nation of Indians, and against all persons in 41343 generally regarded as belonging to Italy, though certainly not forming Italy--descends as far as Verona, where it enters the great plain, None of the rivers of Southern Italy is of any great importance. The north of Italy has long been known for its great dairy districts. fact that Italy is a country of transit and the Italian mercantile to year, according to the state of Italian finances. The year 476 opened a new age for the Italian people. The Italians acknowledged eight kings of the house of Charles the Great, king of Italy found himself simultaneously at war with those great yet entered the Italian community, and remains a Greek free city, Genoa Austrians from Italy, he did not wish to create a too powerful Italian Italy decreased immediately by one-half, while Italian exports to France between Church and State in Italy extended to foreign countries, to the 41349 Early in the Western experiences of the new nation, came Indian wars. towns, but gave rise to a new order of cities. there, as at Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, Vincennes, and Kansas City Indians, loitering about the new city, admired immensely the mighty form of important as a county court-house, a city hall, a public library and others streets or people, and for many years the city could grow only northwards. city for many years after the war bore signs of the long presence of the the early days to the great city that was to be, the story of one man time to the present the development of both city and State has been of city was less than three years old, "The University of the State of thousand towns, the distant city of San Francisco coming within the Spokane But when the new civilization had built its cities and established its 41355 Captain Colburne raises a Company, and Colonel Carter a room and said, "Sir, the young lady wishes you would come up stairs, if Whitewood, Doctor Ravenel, Colburne, and a Lieutenant-Colonel Carter; "Miss Ravenel," said Colburne, "I believe you think that all southerners battles than that of Bull Run. Lieutenant-Colonel Carter did not return with his regiment; and Colburne CAPTAIN COLBURNE RAISES A COMPANY, AND COLONEL CARTER A REGIMENT. "Miss Ravenel, have you any messages for New Orleans?" said the Colonel. feminine natures, Miss Ravenel liked the Colonel, or at least felt that Colonel Carter, Doctor Ravenel and a few obstinate old hunker "Nearly dinner time, sir," he said in a rolling deep tone like mellow "On which side, Colonel Carter?" asked Miss Ravenel, who saw a small The next time that Colburne called on Miss Ravenel the Larue took her "Three times, to be exact, Mrs. Larue," said Colburne. 41417 The great Atlantic Coast rivers rise among these mountain the Washington Aqueduct, carrying the city water supply from the Great Below Washington, the river passes the ancient city of Alexandria, a seventeen miles below the city of Washington, the mansion-house, being The chief river of Virginia is the James, a noble stream, rising in south to the James River, and, crossing over, started a new attack west from the Delaware River, and within thirty-six miles of the and a thousand miles of paved streets, and new houses are put up by Spot," elevated a thousand feet above the river, on Penn''s Mount. The Delaware River divides Pennsylvania from New Jersey, and at The Delaware River above Trenton is for miles a stream of alternating The Indians called the Water Gap "Pohoqualin," meaning "the river Seven miles above Milford the Delaware River makes the great 41474 with the mother country, Jefferson, Henry, Clark, and Virginia gave to the _James Ryder Randall, Laureate of the War between the States, born, 1839_ Few have equaled the old time negro at repartee, and a true Southerner _The United States transport "Star of the West" attempts to reinforce Fort Constitutional power of the Government of the United States. The rights of Louisiana as a sovereign State are those of Virginia; no _Henry Lee ("Light Horse Harry") born, 1756_ _Battle between the "Virginia" ("Merrimac") and Federal men-of-war, 1862_ war vessel of the world.--Ed. _Battle between the "Virginia" and the "Monitor," 1862_ of the Civil War occurred; and seven Presidents of the United States were General Lee, you shall not lead my men in a charge! _"Virginia, who had given to all the States in common five great I have led the young men of the South in battle; I have seen many of them 41485 Clay at once ordered out the state forces, and as commander-in-chief, took states, Mr. King was no novice in public affairs when he reached Alabama. body lay in state for some time in the city hall of New York before its Few public men in Alabama have left a purer record than Governor "Flush Times in Alabama and Mississippi." So widely was the book for years Alabama, which position he held with great distinction for four years. During the presidency of Dr. Manly thousands of young men throughout the state were fitted for life''s and removed to Alabama about one year before it was made a state. For thirty years Alabama had been a state, but her people were so was appointed a major general, commanding the state troops of Alabama, a was appointed state geologist of Alabama, and for ten years his work on 41493 better work on the history of the United States, in volume IV of his [19] History of Oregon and Washington, Northwest Publishing Company, It is a general time of good health and spirits, in Oregon, northern most boundary of the Oregon Country and of the United States It was at this time that the Oregon country was coming prominently claim of the United States to the Oregon Country; and that, being in great need of new clothes, went back to Oregon City, and laws of the United States over all the people of Oregon Territory, and her History of the Early Indian Wars of Oregon, a volume which was The History of Oregon was also her work, a fact which has been known History of Oregon and her publication of two works on the Northwest History of the Early Indian Wars of Oregon, 318. 41597 Byrd Walks about Town--A Church Building Erected--Rev. Public Buildings--Court House--The Jail--Town Hall--Fire Town--Church Erected--Patrick Henry Rector--Augustine Washington a Fredericksburg, and may have been the old stone house on Water street, held and possessed by the trustees of the said town of Fredericksburg, in members of the Common Council of the town, who were to continue in office from reaching the town, to the great relief of the citizens generally. people came into town from the surrounding country, and general The first news of General Lee''s surrender received at Fredericksburg came county courts made many changes also with government of cities and towns. church building was erected in Fredericksburg.[69] It was in St. George''s new burying ground in Fredericksburg in the corporation of said town." Fredericksburg, in the State of Virginia, assembled at our town house, Fredericksburg is a healthy town--a true Virginia city--almost free from 41605 "In the year 1791, Miss Hannah Adams, the historian, in writing to John Immediately after the Boston town meeting, John Adams was asked to John Quincy Adams, at that time a child of two years. do we know that little Abigail and John Quincy Adams were not singing, "I know," said John Adams, "that Great Britain has determined on her A few days after this, Abigail writes, dating her letter "Boston tell--how, the day after the battle, the minute-men came, and took Mrs. Adams'' pewter spoons to melt them into bullets: but no! WHAT was home life like, when Johnny and Abby Adams were little? We know that Mrs. Adams spent some part of each day in writing letters; John Adams'' shine like a halo round our Independence Day. May it ever be John Adams came on that spring day of 1801; the home of his later life, 41634 AMERICAN POLITICS WHEN VAN BUREN''S CAREER BEGAN.--JEFFERSON''S INFLUENCE or Nassau Street, busy men of New York saw Martin Van Buren and his son In these years Van Buren was one of the chief men in American public Within a year after this appointment, Van Buren removed to the new and his aid Van Buren, then United States senator and a chief of the Van Buren returned from New York to Columbia county late in 1803, just candidate, whom Van Buren warmly supported, and Burr''s political career political historian of New York not unduly friendly to Van Buren, to Republicans in New York, whether on Van Buren''s or Clinton''s side, as As early as 1826 the Van Buren Republicans of New York, and an important Van Buren proposed a separation of state from national elections; a secretary of state and to the American people to declare that Van Buren 41640 United States shall enjoy a complete reciprocity in France. the United States of America, in forming a future treaty of peace, treaty of peace, perhaps we may then, if the Congress shall think fit treaty between Great Britain and the United States are proposed. money considerations shall remain, respecting the United States of In like manner, the said United States and their ships of war, sailing subjects of the United States of America shall reciprocally have and the ports of his Danish Majesty, or of the said United States, shall whatever, with whom the said United States shall be at war. North America, have agreed, that the present treaty shall be in full United States of North America, agree that the present treaty shall be Congress, may send a Minister to America if they wish for a treaty to peace, between Great Britain and the United States of America, and I 41680 of the United States, the Governor of Alabama, and later, the President of government of the United States has in north Alabama any and all rights Alabama, and Wilson organized several other negro regiments in the state United States" in Madison County, Alabama, to enter the Confederate army. state legislature authorized the governor to impress negroes to work on Freedmen''s Bureau and the state commissioner issued, to black and white, States cotton agent, New York, while that from north Alabama was sent to state of Alabama by act of the Federal government, therefore slavery no Alabama, there were not half a dozen respectable white men in the state By state law and military order the negro was now freed from slavery and The people of the north Alabama white counties, the hilly section of the A state convention of negroes was called by white Radical politicians to 41742 Western water ways, and two thousand miles down the Ohio and and on Easter Sunday, April 8th, landed a short distance south of St. John''s River and took possession, calling the country Florida, from fifty miles the noted Indian River stretches down the coast of The St. John''s is the great river of Florida, rising in the region of sixty-five miles from Lake Eustis in a straight line, but the river scarcely flow, and the lake, from which the city water-supply was three hundred thousand cubic feet of water per minute from Lake parks and Lake Shore Drive on the north side of Chicago River, are the hundred feet, an old shore line of Lake Superior when the water was at of Waters" comes from Northern Minnesota, flows over the Falls of St. Anthony at Minneapolis, and is a river of much scenic attractiveness 41759 International law is generally observed by civilized states; even some states, so far as possible, observe the rules of international law in of international law, a state has the right of property over all As a generally accepted principle the law may be stated as follows: jurisdiction of the United States at the outbreak of war, shall be case of war between the parties to the treaties subjects of each state The relations of private vessels to the state in time of war, which had States and France, in 1778, "It shall be lawful for the ships of war of Therefore, in a war between the United States and a belligerent which +Art. 17.+ Vessels of war of the United States may take shelter during crew of a vessel of war of the United States shall be attempted during UNITED STATES NEUTRALITY LAWS vessels of, during war with the United States, 222, 246; 41799 Joseph Lawson, an old wagoner, kept tavern for many years in West Bailey, who kept a tavern near the old red house east of Brownsville, John Short, an old wagoner, retired from the road at an early day and John Means, an old wagoner, was killed by an accident on the road near the old taverns on the road are in the State of Maryland. a celebrated old tavern keeper, who kept at various points on the road as that of the old Braddock road, and this house was kept as a tavern by called, kept a tavern many years in an old log house in Jockey Hollow, Three miles west of Uniontown is an old tavern stand known in late years stage house on the road that was largely patronized by old wagoners, and was not as long as many other old taverns of the road, but in its time 42315 Governments for Each State.--Major-Generals appointed.--Further Acts Object of the War.--Powers of United States Government.-Object of the War.--Powers of United States Government.-The effective force of General Grant''s army engaged in the battles of counted in the force of the army when General Lee took command of it. of the President of the United States, Major-General Banks issued at the best generals in the United States Army. Commanding General.--Troops poured into the State.--Proceedings of Commanding General.--Troops poured into the State.--Proceedings of Constitution and Government of the United States against all enemies, On the next day, Major-General Pope, in command of the United States United States Attorney-General on Military Commanders.--Consequences United States Attorney-General on Military Commanders.--Consequences _Army of the United States_, new generals assigned to command, and commanding General of the United States Government orders that the the United States to the commanding General that "he must not be 42526 a member of the United States Senate from Illinois, presided over the the Lord''s Prayer, and said that Lincoln told him at the time that it Post Roads, Lincoln wrote a friend at home, "As to speech-making, by State-House, when Mr. Lincoln delivered the speech already described The will of the people to make Abraham Lincoln President was carried Lincoln and his new Secretary of War had met before, and the President President Lincoln and General Scott were left almost army, and from that time President Lincoln felt himself relieved from said, "Mr. Lincoln''s favorite time for visiting the War Department was President Lincoln was the same man in triumph that he had been in The President, Mrs. Lincoln, and General and Mrs. Grant had accepted a "As soon as I could see Lincoln, I said, ''Mr. President, I am very President, Lincoln elected, 161 42552 lines frequently thousands of miles long, each following closely a great Roman history; it became for a time an important school of letters and royal forces and a great officer of state. MARSHALL, JOHN (1755-1835), American jurist, chief-justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, was born on the 24th of September 1755 at Germantown (now Count Lützow in _The Life and Times of Master John Hus_ (London and Letters and State Papers relating to English Affairs, principally in State Papers relating to Scotland and Mary Queen of Scots, 1547-1603_ houses of the General Assembly, followed by a majority vote of the state In Massachusetts, as in New England generally, the word "town" is the number of children (between 5 and 15 years) in the state was 80; in of schooling per inhabitant for the United States was 4.3 years, for State of New England_ (1690); _The Life of the Renowned John Eliot_ 42680 ALAMEDA STREET DEPOT AND TRAIN, LOS ANGELES & SAN days later in Los Angeles, so San Francisco was filled with saloons continued and approached Los Angeles by San Pedro Street, which was a broken in spirit, Drown on landing at San Pedro came to Los Angeles room of a small wooden house on Los Angeles Street, near the corral of returned to San Francisco and was back in Los Angeles some time before Don Pio Pico, and came to Los Angeles; but the following year, Mrs. Warner died. company at that time building its line between San Francisco and Los in lively San Francisco, he came to Los Angeles and took hold of the with gas, organized the Los Angeles City Gas Company, five years later 14th of the preceding year, opened a hat store on Los Angeles Street H. Newmark & Company, left Los Angeles, in 1879, for San Francisco, 42736 forming the Statute Law. Latin was the language of the courts till 1784, after a number of years English should be the language of the courts which is included in the present common-land formed under the Malvern written in the Greek alphabet common to south Italy from the 4th century _Dentition._--In the great majority of mammals the teeth form a more closely to a common generalized type, so that in a large number type, and probably not far from the common stem-form which gave origin an Old World group, the only forms which have entered North America the High Court of Justice (named from the first word in the Latin form somewhat fir-like in general form, but the leaves are large, oval, manure which supplies its nitrogen in organic form, and which acts manures, and is therefore a common form in which nitrogen is supplied 42842 Plymouth has a little land-locked harbor behind a long and narrow sand This remarkable cape came near being an island, Buzzard''s Bay on the Boston Harbor covers about seventy-five square miles, having various source of Boston''s water supply, over three miles long, and having Massachusetts Bay, the first house being built in 1626, and old John water-power, twenty-six miles northwest of Boston, for the great mills Island, about fifteen miles long and of much fertility, having the busy manufacturing town of thirty thousand people, noted as the place Bay, the city of Fall River, with its rising terraces of huge granite stretches far into the bay, having on the extremity an old-time square fine water-power, and the town, now having six thousand people, is three acres, in which the great New England river has its head. thirty miles long and rather narrow, having deep bays, sometimes 42854 ARTICLE MALAY STATES: "The country is mountainous except close to Before the rise of Islam, Mahomet''s native place, Mecca, appears to or Ishmael to have been known in Mecca generally before Mahomet''s time, practically independent, large portions of the north-west and south-east the state by tolerated communities for the right to work their land life of a Moslem state: the sacred and fixed canon law of Islam; the MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in "may" and "might," and Lat. _magnus_, great), a word meaning properly power or strength, especially water-parting which divides the state into a north slope and a south county, appointed by the governor, and two years later a state Federated Malay States, which are under the protection of Great Britain, states-general, on the nomination of the Dutch East India Company, as The main trunk line of the Federated Malay States railways passes 42855 of the assassination Booth again had a private interview with Mrs. Surratt, after which she again asked Wiechmann to drive her down to time of night, he replied that he "merely called to see what time Mrs. Surratt wanted him to go to work in the morning." The officer saw that As Wiechmann and Lloyd were the principal witnesses against Mrs. Surratt, and their evidence so conclusively established her guilt, the common law in a state of war_, be tried by a military commission. Constitution and laws of the said United States. On the forenoon of that day, on the application of Mrs. Surratt''s counsel, Judge Wylie, of the Supreme Court of the District of government and assassinate the President of the United States. President of the United States in time of war or great civil commotion, and laws of the United States, has constituted you a military court, 42863 invite as many little guests as correspond to the number of years of the at the other end place something that looks like a large white frosted a large Chinese umbrella, and around it place small tables on which to Each guest is given a little fancy basket in which to gather his eggs. small Japanese umbrellas tied with the Japanese colors, red and white. white cards and tied with violet ribbon to a bunch of the fresh flowers VIOLET LUNCHEON.--In the centre of a table stand a large cut-glass bowl For the supper have a salad served in little paper boxes decorated with Place these objects tastefully on the dining-room table, each guest on The six small luncheon tables were set with green and white china, and Red and white decorated racquets can be given the guests as they leave, Then small white cards were passed tied with cherry-colored 43329 late war, declared that "Mr. Jefferson Davis had created a nation," stated The people of the late Confederate States, whose destinies Jefferson Davis long as there was a reasonable hope of his selection by the party, Mr. Davis proposed an amendment instructing the delegates to support Mr. Calhoun as the second choice of the Democracy of Mississippi, in the event STATES'' RIGHTS PARTY IN CONGRESS--THE AGITATION OF 1850--DAVIS OPPOSES STATES'' RIGHTS PARTY IN CONGRESS--THE AGITATION OF 1850--DAVIS OPPOSES position of Secretary of War. With the policy of President Pierce''s administration, Secretary Davis was, [The Senate resumed the consideration of the resolutions submitted by Mr. Davis on the first of March, relative to State rights, the institution of President Davis immediately tendered to General Johnston the command of Confederate army, President Davis made Pemberton a Lieutenant-General, and DEMEANOR OF PRESIDENT DAVIS--CHEERFULNESS OF GENERAL LEE--THE QUESTION DEMEANOR OF PRESIDENT DAVIS--CHEERFULNESS OF GENERAL LEE--THE QUESTION 43368 it came to pass at the seventh time that he said, Behold there ariseth a little cloud out of the sea like a man''s hand. world-following Christians of the present day, in palaces of wealth tone of deep feeling to Cambaceres, ''This young man begins like embassador said, "General Bonaparte is a great man. Often Napoleon said, as he left those loved haunts, to attend moment as he said this, looked steadfastly on the penitent man "Then, perhaps, Mr. Dutton," said a young man in a smartly-cut "It seems a little thing to cry about," said poor Miss Jellyby, "And he never does any thing else," said the old lady of the Good-by, father!" said Prince, shaking hands. "I don''t know, Mr. Jarndyce of Bleak House!" replied the old man, then said--"In Egerton''s world, man holds it far more dishonor to The old man rose quietly, and turning to me, said: "Sir, 43480 I heard a young man say, the other day, that smoking had been the bane of the year, when a man who means to be at work at seven A.M. must wake Let any man who has been in the habit of smoking ten to twenty cigars a of the man who lived to be a hundred years old and had smoked to excess time when boys can get a chance to smoke every day." I can also state, So long as man lives the life of a pure savage, he has good health Whether the Coming Man will drink wine or be a teetotaller has not yet, A man who had been smoking twenty cigars a day In exactly one year from that day the young man was well enough to get Will the Coming Man drink wine The Coming Man, as before remarked, will not drink wine when he is 4355 In this lonely cabin, far away in the wilderness, David Crockett was An able-bodied young man like David Crockett, strong, athletic, willing David, "I thought if that day come, I should be the happiest man in the In this humble home, David Crockett and his family resided two years. a small cluster of houses about ten miles from Crockett''s cabin. In the mean time David Crockett revisited his humble home, where his "I called him up," writes Crockett, "but Major Gibson said he thought to inform Mr. Crockett that should a war-party come and find his men in At this time, Crockett, by way of courtesy, was usually called colonel, Cabin.--Return Home.--Removal of the Family.--Crockett''s Riches.--A Cabin.--Return Home.--Removal of the Family.--Crockett''s Riches.--A The next morning, Crockett took a young man with him and went out into About ten days after Crockett''s return home, a stranger, passing along, 43589 General Stevens''s reports to Commissioner of Indian Affairs, with worked with his men in the hay field, keeping up with the best all day, major-general, and at one time commanding the army in the war of the "General Stevens was a small, undersized, young man when he entered hour and a half each day, taking that portion of time from his study One day at Portsmouth, as Mr. Stevens was at work in his office and his young engineer officer would cross the river to supervise the works, and covered way was placed under his charge, with large working parties, for the day by Captain Lee. Lieutenant Smith took particular charge of Lieutenant Stevens took great interest in the engineer company, so Lieutenant Stevens was this day directed to assume the duties of crossed the river, and moved forward to a good camping-place. miles with great difficulty, until, coming to a good camp on our 43657 Woman''s-Rights Party done?--changed the Law in nineteen States. United States, open to men and women, of which Oberlin was the noble To such women I think men will always offer generous help; and, even if Out of two thousand women who work for their daily bread in New York, common thing to see women, half naked, working like beasts, chained to [18] When woman''s power to work is called in question, men almost and their places supplied by four women and three men, who worked woman''s work; but educated and respectable women will never stand in When I think how happy human life might be, if men and women worked although fifty women are at work with one hundred and fifty men, they In the "Lawe''s Resolution of Woman''s Rights," published in the year I long to see women preparing for this work, for there are very few men 43863 The Judge tells of his own children--four days old--shrinking from shown in this old print taken from a child''s book called, _Little plainly see, some little English children, twenty years later school life of what we love to call the "good old times," and that to send their children to New England, usually to Boston, to school. The _Catechism of Health_, an old-time child''s book, thus summarily --_A Book for Boys and Girls, or Country Rhimes for Children. pages was tied with a number of note-books of an old New England died his little son, Richard, five years and three days old. child since her day learned to read holding the book upside down. The illustrations of old Dutch books that show school furniture, "There were two little Boys and Girls, the Children of a fine There was one book which children loved, that every little child were writing little books for children. 43884 military men furnished by the colony and by the state of Virginia. convention proceeded to write a state constitution for Virginia. On June 2, 1788, a Virginia State Convention was held in Richmond to area now included in the States of Kentucky and of West Virginia. a United States Senator from Virginia), Lee (formed from Russell While the State of Virginia was increasing its counties, the From 1800 through 1816, the State of Virginia had four new counties Governor John Floyd of Virginia stated that federal troops the United States with seven Virginia-born Presidents: George The Supreme Court held that the new State of West Virginia was Governor, the two United States Senators from Virginia, eight of the ten Virginia members of the United States House of Representatives Virginia is entitled to ten members in the United States House of the present state of West Virginia and fifteen counties (including 43909 Crucible making her way into the lock with a steel boat in tow. anointing "Sometub" for the first time with the waters of the Ohio. Lake Erie and Ohio river ship canal is but a revival of Washington''s boat skipper and listened to his reminiscences of the "good old days." We passed our first canal boat beyond South Cumberland at a of Cumberland where the canal for nearly a mile of its course passes silently behind them a canal boat followed along at the end of an A canal boat at night is a great hulk of hush. have to be paddled or towed to the end of the level when Canal Boat Two miles an hour is top speed for a laden canal boat and No. 18''s After a two-mile run on the river we entered another lock and once more place to meet a canal boat and we continued on through the blinding 43979 Jefferson Davis as United States Senator in 1847 51 In the war legislation that was now brought forward in Congress, Mr. Davis'' military education enabled him to take a conspicuous part. [Illustration: General Taylor and Colonel Davis at Monterey] [Illustration: Jefferson Davis as United States Senator in 1847] [Illustration: Jefferson Davis as Secretary of War] responsibility of secession upon Jefferson Davis have overlooked the fact Johnston "heard around the world," and how the gallant Major Anderson, Mr. Davis'' old comrade in arms of other days, maintained his position until The day the Federal army moved forward to the invasion of the South, Mr. Davis was advised of the fact by one of his secret agents in Washington, it was to be "a ninety days'' war." President Davis, however, nursed no To the command of the Southern corps, Mr. Davis appointed General of public sentiment against Jefferson Davis the state prisoner of Fortress 44097 as a general rule the duties paid on imports operate as a tax upon the general public, hold to the view that taxes on imports are really in follow that to the extent that a country taxes its imports it lives at United States to pay customs taxes every time on everything that it to be generally very closely akin in head form to the people among long-headed type of Sephardim Jews may exist, the law is very far from The first organized endeavor to teach science in schools was naturally and city schools, practically all the time during these early years is years of school life, but to a later period, and that other subjects child can receive instruction through the book, a long time--several timely and important subjects, such as Nature study, morals, history, far-off time "in the beginning" no new matter has been put on earth 44240 was at this time a disorderly place, for like New York of the present day, When John Hutchins came to New York coffee-houses had become very popular At the same time, at the Black Horse Tavern, the house of John DeHoneur, of New York that the market house at the lower end of Wall Street be was served at the New York Arms, the house of George Burns, on Broadway. requested to meet at the house of George Burns, the New York Arms, at four House from its being owned by the corporation of the city of New York. house was known as the State Arms, or more generally as the City Tavern. city by the British troops, was a great day for New York. members of both Houses of Congress, the Governor of New York, the the New York Hotel, but it was generally called "The Old Coffee House." New York Coffee House, 318. 443 my heart went out in love to this little book, no change of scene or of came into my life at the time when I was reading and loved that book. Another famous man who made a practice of reading books as he walked those old books of mine, which from the years and from the ship''s hold and worthy are the things we call books." And Judge Methuen''s favorite not human life too short for the lover of books to spend his precious For, having to do with books, these men in due time come to resemble As I entered the shop I heard the bookseller ask: "What books shall I twenty years old--so long as it was a catalogue of books he found the books, old friends, old times; "he evades the present, he works at the And what books they were in those old days! 44438 officer in the Mexican army and at this time comandante general of "Mexicans," said Scott, I am advancing at the head of a powerful army, Naturally Scott planned to attack the Mexican right Mexican authorities, should remain in force, although Scott''s General the Mexicans knew of Scott''s financial difficulties, and the Americans Mexican commissioners, and July 27 Santa Anna called his generals of Santa Anna, the occupation of New Mexico, the tariff in Mexican though not known to the Americans at the time (Ripley, War with Mexico, been said (Ripley, War with Mexico, ii, 289) that Scott should have had Ripley (War with Mexico, ii, 250-1) says that Scott ordered Pillow Mexicans intended to attack New Mexico (Santa Fe _Republican_, Oct. 9), Mexican allegiance during the war, obedience to American orders, and Dec. 13 Americans routed a Mexican advanced party about twenty miles =61=Scott, memoir on Mexican finances received at the war dept., Jan. 6, 1848. 44837 New Mexico, Utah, were without governments: a Southern Congress Leaving Utah and New Mexico to ripen into State governments, and considered that question to be one between the United States and New The first official act of the new President was an immediate message "_An act to give effect to the Constitution of the United States the federal government, all of whom, coming from slave States, repeal certain slave laws._" This act made a new starting-point in United States, and in the fugitive act of 1793. them--the slave States by acting in the spirit of those who enacted act as a cause for the secession of a State from the Union--and to remarks of Calhoun on the right of Congress to pass a bill on this _Bankrupt Act against the Banks._--Recommended by the President, 43; states the readiness of President Tyler to sign a second bank objections to any bank of the United States, 30; 44851 United States is a limited government, instituted for great national required a bold man to intimate that United States Bank notes The constitution of the United States gives to Congress the power appended with other questions and answers to that report), Mr. Biddle, the president, showed a power in the national bank to save, constituting a great majority of the people of the United States, Bank of the United States, namely, in the year 1833; and as far the charter of the Bank of the United States, constituting that the State banks--its power over the business community--over public BANK OF THE UNITED STATES--COMMITTEE OF INVESTIGATION ORDERED. the Bank of the United States, with power to send for persons and The United States Bank currency was called by the senator the "The people of the United States formed the constitution, acting present Bank of the United States, no treasury or place had 45045 "Father said you were not to." Jaqueline Mason raised her head with Mrs. Mason watched the two chattering girls, the little Varina, who know," Jaqueline said this to her new mother, "that Aunt Jane lives in "The little girl seems a nice quiet child," the elder said presently. "You must be a good little girl and mind Aunt Jane," said her father. Jaqueline had come home an undeniable young lady, with her hair done "Yes, Varina, our own sister, and Annis, mother''s little girl." "I think Jane might feel a little sorry that I can''t go," said Patty "Father," said Mrs. Floyd reprovingly, "Jaqueline must have known. "I knew Ralston cared a great deal for Marian," said Louis, "and I "Father is awful mad at Jaqueline," said Varina to Annis. Roger," Mrs. Carrington said gently to Jaqueline the first time they "And our father married Mrs. Bouvier some years ago," said Jaqueline, 45230 natural state of mankind is War, and to sustain the exulting language as an important repository of the Law of Nations, defines War as "that law under which nations are set to the bar like common men, War Peace we must prepare for War. _For what use is the Standing Army of the United States?_ For many like individuals, disowning War as a proper Arbiter of Justice, shall must prepare for War. Has not the time come, when man, whom God created War, sanctioned by International Law as a mode of determining _justice_ virtues and fame on earth, till the great consoler, Time, shall come only Universal Man, shall dedicate the labors of a long life, not to "In a time of war, like the present, the militia laws of the State in order to enlist soldiers to make war 45353 The one great story-poem of this sort in American literature is the years into a timely essay on "The Way to Wealth," making an old man end of the next year he was editing _The Monthly Magazine and American For these men of New York, America was an accomplished fact--a nation Like the other Americans of his day he had read a good deal of English American''s comments on English life and custom, made at a time when In his later years Bryant was one of the best citizens of New York. originally as follows: Class Poem, 1838; A Year''s Life, 1841; field of provincial stories of New England life and character. cared for "Drank deep of life, _new books_ and hearts of men," like Read Stedman''s critical essays on one or two of the New England poets book of new poems in the history of American literature; others may 45634 Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory, chiefly from old men and women Although the tribe is not named, the Indians were probably Cherokee, years later, says that the invading Cherokee found "white people" friendly Indian woman of great authority in the Cherokee Nation, that small mixed town of Cherokee and Creeks, on the south side of Tennessee United States to secure to the Cherokee nation of Indians, as well At this time the Cherokee Nation numbered something over 25,000 Indian, Indian mother, and was born near the present Murphy, Cherokee county, among the Cherokee, the Creeks, and probably other Indian tribes, as mountain, every deep bend in the river, in the old Cherokee country Then the Cherokee chief said to his people, "Now is the time for west with the Cherokee at the final removal of the tribe to Indian settlement on the west side of the river, in Cherokee county, North 45654 "''It was so on all occasions with General Washington,'' remarked Mr. Gallatin to me; ''he was slow in forming an opinion, and never decided In a letter written in 1838, when the constitution was revised, Mr. Gallatin gave an account of the convention of 1789, which was, he said, Administration was dragged in attempting to follow out the policy of Mr. Hamilton; but the case was very different with Mr. Gallatin. intended to move, intimating at the same time that he wished Mr. Gallatin to act as secretary. when Congress met, and Gallatin, leaving his wife in New York, took his the Administration in Congress were always on terms of intimacy in Mr. Gallatin''s house, and much of the confidential communication between Mr. Jefferson and his party in the Legislature passed through this channel. Randolph''s expressions, he was at this time of the same opinion with Mr. Gallatin, both in regard to the navy and its Secretary. 45733 FAMOUS MEN AND GREAT EVENTS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Emperor of the French--The Great Works Devised By the New United States Peace Commissioners of the Spanish-American War 502 These wars soon brought a great man to the front, Napoleon Bonaparte, a battle, seemed hopeless as matched with the great army of war-worn Napoleon the Great and the powers of Europe, but in all that time, and the great nations, still inspired with the fear of a general war, opposition assumed by this powerful state soon brought the new attempt the great powers which had not taken part in the war to organize an the remaining German lands had united into a great and powerful empire, Fortunately for the United States a new war between England and year of the nineteenth century, came another war, this time fought Unlike the United States, Great Britain came to the nineteenth century 45744 The New York Gallery of Fine Arts, presented to the Society in 1858, The figures in this picture are portraits of Mrs. Amelia Portrait of John Jones, M.D., (1729-1791.) (3½X3½.) _Samuel Portrait of Mrs. Rip Van Dam, (Sarah Vanderspiegle.) (26X29.) Oval. Portrait of Mrs. John Waddell (Anne Kirton), (1716-1773.) (28X35.) Portrait of Mrs. John De Peyster (Elizabeth Haring). Portrait of Mrs. John Durand. Portrait of Mrs. John Livingston, (1724-.) (25X30.) Portrait of Mrs. William Axtell DePeyster, (1800-.) (10X12.) Oval. Portrait of Mrs. William Axtell DePeyster. Portrait of Mrs. John H. Portrait of Mrs. John H. This portrait was painted at New York city, in the year 1796, A Dutch landscape painter, born and died at Amsterdam, and painted in A Dutch painter, born at Amsterdam, who studied in the school of Flemish portrait painter, born at Antwerp and died at Haerlem. Dutch portrait painter, born at The Hague, who studied under his father, 45761 Bank of the United States.--Political Dangers of the great National Europe.--New Authority by the side of Cæsar.--Canal, School, and Bank re-appear in the New World; South America, like southern Europe, is The Bank of the United States is at this time experiencing the truth of The Bank of the United States, on the contrary, directed by men of so powerful as the Bank of the United States may present some the United States, the present banking system, like that of England the Bank of the United States to 10, 15, or 20 dollars, as in England State of New York, by transferring thither the seat of the Mother Bank, Congress power to establish a Bank of the United States. The public works of the United States are generally managed with than that of the United States at the time these great works were The Bank Commissioners in the State of New York, by the 45763 Henry Sewall, born in 1576, came to New England, lived in Newbury Judge Sewall alludes in a letter to Rev. John Higginson of Salem, then Colonel Gamaliel Bradford, and Hon. George Partridge of Duxbury, Hon. William Sever and General John Thomas of Kingston, Colonel Alexander who died in 1821, aged 102 years, who was the great-grandson of John Reg._] Thomas Wheelwright of Wells, was also a son of Rev. John Wheelwright. For a long list of descendants of Rev. Samuel Dudley, see Exeter News the ship "Six Friends." His widow, Elisabeth Clark, married Rev. John first minister of Haverhill, June 19, 1694,--Rev. John Clark died July Woodbridge, Peter, Elisabeth, Abigail, who was the first wife of Hon. Nathaniel Gilman of Exeter, John, Mary Ann, who was wife of Thomas Of the children of the Rev. John and Mrs. Esther Smith, there were baptized at Exeter, James Dickinson, Jan. 7, 45779 the state line and in the Indian country, on the 17th of May. Five days law states, in part: "Every Indian born within the territorial limits Darragh, John.--Born in New York State in 1830; died at Edmonds, Jan. 13, in his 83d year. men of his time, he served in the Indian war, from Oct. 20, 1855, ten the majority of the other men of the time, served in the Indian War of A little past noon an Indian arrived from Spokane with a note from Mr. Birnie and a packet which had recently reached that place from Mr. Ogden[123] dated East branch of the Missourie 10th July. point of time the Indian trade near the head waters of Clark Fork men and 1 Indian are to return, some of the horses are to be brought A few Indians visited the Fort and traded a little meat & a few beaver 45954 State legislation on the subject of fugitive slaves was declared entirely inapplicable to State laws on fugitive slaves,--for the simple Mr. President,--You bid me speak for the Senate of the United States. as a Slave State, Slavery was forever prohibited in all the remaining people of the Missouri Territory to form a Constitution and State eminent Senator of that State, but at this time a Representative, while questions of Constitutional Law, his course as a Senator from Maryland Senators from each of the Slave States, Louisiana, Tennessee, Kentucky, organizing a Territory, or even a new State, down to the present time, slaves is recognized by the Constitution of the United States. States, and also by the principles of the Common Law, Slavery is a speech delivered in the Senate of the United States in his day. by the whole Slave Power in the Senate, and for a time he was the 46013 existence of the women who gave life and color to the early years of power of woman, and to her he owed the happiest days of his life. Jerome for the first time saw the woman in whose life he was thereafter time a United States Senator and a guest at her father''s house. by death of both parents, Mrs. Eaton devoted many years of her life. social life of Washington, at a time when conversation was a fine art, Her mother, realizing the unhappy condition of her life with Mr. Lawrence, took her home, and within a year she applied to the passed out of life, a little more than two years after her marriage, The following four years of Lady Curzon''s life were spent in England Curzon, who had opened her eyes on life thirty years before in a new distinguished in the life of New York since the days when the homes of 46347 Hires his Time, and Absconds--Becomes a Free Working-Man in New The Men of our Time--Lincoln Foremost--The War was the The Men of our Time--Lincoln Foremost--The War was the doctrines of justice and freedom, and in the fear of God. As one man''s life, the life of Mr. Lincoln after his election is simply to the affairs and the men of the United States, said: "Mr. Lincoln was civil war in Maryland: for, like all wise and great Generals, Grant is triumph of good men in their day and generation, of which the slavery into Political Life on the Working-Men''s Side--Helps to form into Political Life on the Working-Men''s Side--Helps to form was a citizen of New Jersey, and was the commanding officer of Gen. Washington''s life guards throughout the Revolutionary War. His holding being the great question of the rights of working men, and brought out 4639 California, the publications of the Academy of Pacific Coast History, at fellowship in Pacific Coast history at the State University. pages of the early history of his State, feels at times that he can hear nearly two years this State was without authority of American civil law, of the United States "over the territory and waters of Upper California, which he should act, and the actual state of affairs in California. upon the public lands as against the Government of the United States, On December 20, 1849, the State government of California was established admission of California as a State into the Union, and might never pass Constitution or laws of the State of California, shall be the rule of The California State Historical Society, first organized in 1853, and institution to promote the publication of California history or the to collect and preserve a library that to the State of California is 46400 Indian War Period Forts, Battle Fields and Treaty Spots 370 nation or body of men can stand in preference to the general congress thirty years old, the father of four little ones, stately in person, a General James Jackson had a brother, John, who was in the British Navy All day long there had been a vague unrest in the old colonial home, that time up rode a gallant revolutionary soldier named Captain John On February 14th, 1779, at War Hill, Wilkes County, Georgia, the battle and served as one of Georgia''s soldiers line in the Revolutionary War. He was three times married, raised a large family of children whose Many years ago there lived in Virginia a little boy whose name was John of his life, his home was near Augusta at a beautiful country place All this time General Elijah Clarke''s right hand man Colonel Hawkins, patriot, soldier, United States senator and Indian 46493 United States to send four persons to reside in Cherokee country to act upon the land set apart to the Cherokee Indians by the State of North 5. The Cherokee Nation agree to meet the United States treaty The Cherokee Nation cedes to the United States all claim to 1. The Cherokee Nation cedes to the United States all of their lands 1. The Cherokee Nation cedes to the United States all of their lands lands reserved by the Cherokees shall be removed by the United States, 1. The Cherokee Nation cedes to the United States all the land claimed United States, and the Cherokee Nation of Indians, represented by Whereas existing treaties between the United States and the Cherokee Cherokee treaty of July 19, 1866, that the United States should, at its to the United States by the various treaties with the Cherokee Nation:_ 46807 Old Walla Walla County shares with other parts of Washington, Oregon, The chief wealth of the tribes of Old Walla Walla County was in horses. Walla Walla County had at the time of the presidential election of 1876 represent Walla Walla County, and as a citizen and prominent land owner indicate the growth of the schools of Walla Walla County and city, than the fact that the schools in what was old Walla Walla County, as well counties of Old Walla Walla, as well as the state at large and indeed time of his death had extensive farm holdings in Walla Walla county and Old Walla Walla county, Washington, his farm being located in what removed with the family to Walla Walla county about the year 1884, when For two years he worked as a farm hand in Walla Walla county and the plains of Walla Walla county, Washington, and for seven years was 46808 Walla Walla county, Washington, in 1903 and there remained for a year, some time they resided in Walla Walla county, Washington, and then came removed to Walla Walla county, Washington, and for several years, a year at Boise, Idaho, proceeded to Walla Walla county, Washington, times in the state legislature; for several years served as county later years of his life he retired from active farm work and removed Walla Walla county when but a year old, the parents removing with In that year they came to Walla Walla county, Washington, In that year they came to Walla Walla county, Washington, home in College Place, Walla Walla county, and has important farming It was in that year that Mr. and Mrs. Cluster removed to old Walla Walla county, Washington, and took up Walla Walla county and for some time was engaged in farming. Walla Walla county, Washington, where he worked on a farm until his 47135 citizens as soldiers in the Civil War. Under the caption "Jewish General William Meyer, editor of several New York papers, served States, fifteen years after the war commenced, only 250,000 Jews. French army to-day contain a large contingent of Jewish officers The number of New York Jews who served their country by risking life During the war of 1812, the New York Jews appear to have again some New York Jews who served in the Mexican War, one of them with Lieutenant-Colonel of 37th United States Infantry March 11, 1813; served with Sam Houston, in the Texan War. Sergeant JACOB DAVID, New York Volunteers. served nine years; enlisted as private; wounded; killed in the Levy enlisted in the 14th United States Infantry at the NUMBER OF JEWISH SOLDIERS WHO SERVED IN DIFFERENT WARS OF THE UNITED printed, with other works of Surinam Jews, in the French Jewish 47289 nation, Great Britain, conceiving that the United States might be so both Houses that the United States had a right to rule the Territory laws have been the great cause why the present state of things has been believe, sir, the people of the United States confiding their honor The said bill was, accordingly, read the third time: Whereupon, Mr. SPEAKER stated the question from the chair, that the same do pass? neutral rights of the United States to be a declaration of war, &c., late President of the United States made an offer to Great Britain to sir, supposing the right to be in the United States, I beg gentlemen United States to the public armed vessels of Great Britain. United States in all the attributes of national power or greatness, war between Great Britain and her Dependencies, and the United States committee had presented to the President of the United States the said 47317 electoral vote, but had been counted into the office to which Mr. Tilden was elected, the Hon. Carl Schurz, reformer and leader of the "A year and a half later, when Mr. Tilden, accompanied by ex-Gov. Morgan, visited Washington for the purpose of securing greater harmony of action between the Federal and State government, Mr. Stanton, in a conversation with Mr. Tilden, referred to this advice, ACTING SECRETARY OF STATE TO GOVERNOR TILDEN "_His Excellency Governor Tilden, President-elect._" Tilden, of the State of New York, for Tilden, of the State of New York, for Tilden, of the State of New York, received 196 electoral votes of the New York Democratic State Committee, called at my house in the State of New York to the Democratic national convention, I said: State of New York on the subject of Currency and Banking (Tilden''s the State of New York, Mr. Tilden, from the select committee to whom 47351 to land in what is now New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, famous National Road running from Cumberland, Maryland, almost to St. Louis was a potent factor in the awakening of the West. it that Washington was surveying lands on the Great Kanawha and Ohio rivers and the Great Lakes by way of the Ohio and its tributaries? known to-day as "Washington''s Bottoms," on the Ohio near Wheeling and that New York would not improve her great route to the West (Mohawk Ohio Company played a most important role in the history of the West hand, the Ohio Company could not secure Western land without being needed by generals to guide the armies, by the great land-companies to there were Gratiot, Delafield, Bliss, Bartlett, Hartzell, Colquit, National Stage Company was the most important west of the Ohio River. Baltimore to the West.--The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company''s 47627 of England and in the authentic annals of the Anglo-Norman races. the Norman to English soil, in time drove him to the great settlements derivation from the Anglo-Norman branch of the great British race. Norman to the English race in England and the United States. of England and the founder of the Anglo-Norman race that swore the the simpler forms of profanity--Anglo-Norman and Early English. When she lost the Norman element in its early Scandinavian form, her scholar, the great English writer--himself of Anglo-Norman blood--found royal Anglo-Norman, "Prince Hal" of England, the English dramatist _Anglo-Saxon Race_,--which in the great Triple Alliance of Norman and Scandinavian stock; the Norman from Normandy, remotely Gothic, is Normans, but broadly speaking, are a great branch of the English race Kentucky derived from English sources and bearing Norman surnames is _Bagot._ A baronial family (Normandy); came to England at the Norman family is readily traceable from Normandy to England, and 47703 FOURTH PRESIDENT OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS loyalty he had manifested in those trying times to the Prophet of God. Elder Woodruff was so faithful in the discharge of his duties, so first time a Latter-day Saint elder had preached in that town. Saints.--A Day of God''s Power.--Many Sick Are Healed, and a Dying Man Saints.--A Day of God''s Power.--Many Sick Are Healed, and a Dying Man "Next day Elder Kimball received a letter from President Young, who recorded in Elder Woodruff''s journal the words of President Young. States, an elder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a Before Elder Woodruff reached his home in Nauvoo, President Young with where President Young, Elder Woodruff said, chided the Saints for the was the first time," says Elder Woodruff, "that President Young was Woodruff, President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 47746 General Pillow estimated the Confederate loss in killed and wounded at Early in March, 1862, a National army commanded by Gen. John Pope by a large Confederate force, which was commanded by Gen. Albert flank Cox''s force, when General Rosecrans, with ten thousand men, came attack a Confederate force there, two thousand strong, commanded by Confederates lost about thirteen hundred men and the National army Confederate forces near Hampton, came within Butler''s lines that day, Confederates were in heavy force, commanded by Gen. William W. Confederate troops drawn in line of battle across the road near the general direction of the lines of battle was with the National troops SHERMAN--PAROLED PRISONERS FORCED INTO THE CONFEDERATE ARMY--FIGHTING Hancock''s irruption into the enemy''s works, that he captured Gen. Edward Johnson''s entire division of nearly four thousand men, with its Next after the men who commanded armies, the name of Gen. James B. 4900 name of the States General, and signed by the Prince of Orange, Count King, the safety of the provinces, and the glory of God. Soon after the separation of the assembly, the Prince of Orange issued talks like a King," said Morillon, spitefully, "negotiates night and day, soon as the states-general having been convoked, the Prince of Orange King and the Governor-General--New forces raised by the States--St. Inquisition," said the states-general, "and has but one great purpose in Ten years long the King placed daily his most secret letters in hands Of Count Hohenlo, general-in-chief of the States'' army under Prince city with letters to the States, to the governor-general, and to Queen part with the King of Spain," said the States-General, "is our certain States-General of free countries and provinces, over which the king and murder of the King had assured the States-General and the princes of 49291 new people, millions strong, emigrants in part from the Old World, men shall reverence Law, and honor Patriotism, and love Liberty! whose heart is dead; the only glory of a nation is in the living freedom-loving men, without national life. Our national life is the gift of God. No other hand could confession--that: Heaven and earth shall pass away, but the words the last of the five: "If any man shall _add_ unto these things, God any man shall _take away_ from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the dead, which we this day put forth before the world, the winds shall The love of country belongs to a God-fearing people; it is seen in a time, but the great heart of the country _will_ be true to itself. 49351 * General Howe had left Clinton in command at New York, and was then ground covered with woods, half a mile from Fort Neilson (near the house He was then placed in command at Governor''s Island, near New York. All accounts agree that Miss M''Crea was staying at the house of a Mrs. M''Neil, near the fort, at the time of the tragedy. At the time of this tragical event-the American army under General He dispatched General Stanwix to build a fort near the headwaters of the Mohawk, at the site of the present village of Rome, Oneida Ogdensburgh is near the site of the old French fort generally known as called upon General Gage, then in command at New York, for a detachment Gage, then in New York, and captain general of all the British forces in "The officers of the American army, having generally been taken from the 49352 Fort Washington, on the east bank of the Hudson, near New York city, General Howe, the commander-in-chief of the British forces, remained in American Army, under Command of his Excellency, General Washington, fall of Forts Washington and Lee; the retreat of the American army under placed in battle order on Mount Airy, about a mile north of Chew''s house day Congress resolved, "That General Washington be informed it is highly command of the British army in Philadelphia, Howe having returned to militia, under General Nelson, lay at and near Charles City Court-house. In February, 1781, General Greene, then in command of the American army Washington commander-in-chief of the American army, he chose Colonel The British army formed in line for battle, the right under the command time, Colonel Paterson, the British adjutant general, went to New York British army to New York, Knyphausen again took command near King''s 4938 happiness of the people of the United States a Government instituted by commerce with nations who feel power and forget right, advancing rapidly in the power of the United States to discharge the national debt at an duties at a time when the United States are blessed with peace. State in its own government and the rights of the whole nation in that national objects; regarding it as leaving to the people and the States of the United States and the restricted grant of power to the Government subjects of the people of the States, but free American citizens. the expressed will of the people and Government of the United States which all nations and all peoples are free to govern themselves as they to States or to local governments or to the people themselves. The time has come for a new American emancipation--a great national peaceful world than its most powerful nation. 49393 war-vessel stops an American merchantman on the high sea, and sends an United States frigate, by the British man-of-war _Leopard_, June 23d, British vessels of war then in United States waters to leave at once. British navy, the Americans had twenty war-ships and a few gunboats, the British commander in Canada, which set free the enemy''s troops on the the American land forces was fourteen killed and twenty-three wounded, In this action, the Americans lost about fifty men killed or wounded. {160}He had lost about forty men killed or wounded; the enemy In this expedition the British lost a hundred and eight men, killed, they fired rockets at the battery-men; but an American gun-boat came up British men-of-war, and some of the English packet-ships carried heavy commander sent up an expedition of about a thousand men to capture this action the Americans had lost seventy-seven men killed or wounded; 49538 boundary--Present States and Territories--Rivers of Mexico--Rivers and States and Mexico--Character of imports--Character of exports--Silver CHAPTER I.--Division of Mexico into States--Eastern, western, Productions--City of Durango--Towns, Mines, Iron, Silver--Indian value--Soil--Products--Irrigation--Cattle--Indians--Mines--Gold--Silver state of San Luis Potosi, passes by Tamaulipas, winds to the north, and Istla, in the state of Mexico, and after winding west south-westerly, it INDIAN TRIBES OR RACES IN MEXICO IN THE STATE OF YUCATAN. plantations are in the States of Puebla, Mexico, Guanajuato, and a small many parts of a mountainous region like that of Mexico, affords great The principal cities, towns and villages of the State of Vera Cruz, are national and state capital Mexico;--St. Angel, three leagues from the The mountains of the State of Mexico are rich in deposits of precious --MINES--SEALS--WHALES--CLIMATE--PORTS--TOWNS--POPULATION.--STATE --MINES--SEALS--WHALES--CLIMATE--PORTS--TOWNS--POPULATION.--STATE between Mexico and the United States was finally ratified by the Mexican in their present social state, than Mexico and the South American 5015 citizens of the United States upon the Government of France of internal improvement authorized by special acts of the last Congress. public lands during the present year were estimated at $1,000,000. Congress, the United States have been deprived of a long tried, steady, duties operating against the shipping and commerce of the United States foreign government to the disadvantage of the United States, and as the commercial intercourse between the United States and British America, communicated to the Government of the United States, not understood by the United States of being represented at the congress. of the United States, to be reported to Congress at the present vessels of the United States and of France in either country our trade relations between the United States and the Brazilian Governments. United States or their property contrary to the laws of nations, a Federal Government under the present Constitution of the United States 5026 The good offices of the United States to bring about a peace between Spain legislation to protect the rights of citizens of the United States, as well refer you to the accompanying report of the Secretary of War. I call your attention to the provisions of the act of Congress approved the United States; Germany, with whose Government and people we have so the United States against the claim to military service of the government United States and the Government of Spain on the subject of this capture, I representatives of the United States in foreign countries are continually not of Congress, but of the people of the United States, to the causes and the Government of the United States, under such limitations and conditions The relations of the United States with foreign powers continue on a The relations of the United States with foreign powers continue on a 50295 Per Centum "State" Governments--Reconstruction in Louisiana under Mr. Lincoln''s Plan--The New Orleans Convention--The Election of a Congress to Count the Electoral Vote from any "State" which had Passed "State" government had been elected under the amended constitution. the President of the United States to sign a proposed constitutional the military power of the President, and on the acts of the "States" Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any constitutions to the President of the United States, who should Reconstruction Acts for persons who had held office under a "State" under the Constitution and laws of the United States gave the President laws of the United States the President has no power to remove {171} in the War Office, and since the President of the United States was the the "States" and those of Congress over the election of the President 5032 constitutional powers of the National Government touch these matters of of the public-land laws and the resulting administrative practice no reclaimed under the national irrigation law, the remaining public lands laws, regulations, and practice affecting the public lands are needed United States, and particularly in the land commerce of the Nation. great nations in which the forest work of the Government is not States have no power in the matter than that the National Government National Government provide some general measure for the protection criminal law of the United States stands in urgent need of revision. power of the National Government over the use of capital interstate against a friendly nation, and the United States Government limited, state governments can not exercise that power over corporations doing regulation by the National Government of the great interstate work being carried on by the Government; the present law should be 5050 powers at war with enemies of the United States such use of the American and productions of foreign nations when imported into the United States Resting on the people as our Governments do State and National with great national inheritance has by the people of the United States been duties and powers of the General Government in relation to the State the rights of the new States and the powers of the General Government In the mean time the Government of the United States, having full nations with whom the Government and citizens of the United States have security of the people of the United States that no nation should be foreign nation over American vessels on the coast of the United States granted by the treaty to the Government and people of the United States. United States Government were free from a public debt, its legislative 50772 For seven years the Lowell Institute lectures were given in the Odeon, State, those born in New York City where Mr. Girard first landed in given during a man''s life; "yet," says Mr. Carnegie, "the day is not far founding of great universities; free libraries; hospitals or any means When Charles was ten years old, he left home, and found a place to labor earning fifty dollars a year as well as when he was a man of great After Mr. Pratt had worked three years for his New York firm, in When the boy Thomas was eight years old, his father died, leaving Mrs. Guy to bring up three small children, Thomas, John, and Anne. every year thousands of poor men and women could be cared for in The year following the death of young Leland, on Nov. 14, 1885, Mr. Stanford and his wife founded and endowed their great University at Palo 5088 offices of state and national government. governments--local, state, and national--shall fulfill the United States government every ten years shows that home ownership cooperation between national, state, and local governments. state likely to cooperate with the national government in carrying counties and townships [Footnote: In the public land states the The national government has at various times granted to the states Consult "Guide to United States Government Publications," U.S. Bureau of Education Bulletin, 1918, No. 2; also, "The Federal The state and national governments spend a great deal of money in national government has also given to many states public lands power granted by the Constitution to Congress to establish POSTroads that enables the Federal government to aid the states in HEALTH WORK IN CITY AND RURAL SCHOOLS OF THE UNITED STATES department of education, and in most states each local community Governments, whether national, state, or local, borrow money by 51250 men had been enlisted and sent forward to old regiments, nine new wagon-train of General Lee. Since reaching "Old Potomac''s Shore" no more memorable day had been Army Corps; the respective commanders being Generals John Newton of the Thirty-ninth has five hundred men, this very day, on parade, though a six regiments numbers about two thousand men, of whom the Thirty-ninth Corps and Thirty-ninth Regiment were doing during these days of stroke in command of the division line of pickets, being officer of the day, Massachusetts." The next day several hundred men from other regiments "On the left of the Ninth was the Fifth Corps, in the following order Division of the Ninth Corps in line; I ran down and told General White Fifth and Ninth Corps and the Confederates, General Grant having in work, day and night, for every man, and the number in the Thirty-ninth 5133 God has given absolute power to no mortal man God has given absolute power to no mortal man God has given absolute power to no mortal man God has given absolute power to no mortal man Great war of religion and politics was postponed Great war of religion and politics was postponed Great war of religion and politics was postponed Great war of religion and politics was postponed Leave not a single man alive in the city, and to burn every house Leave not a single man alive in the city, and to burn every house Leave not a single man alive in the city, and to burn every house Leave not a single man alive in the city, and to burn every house Torturing, hanging, embowelling of men, women, and children Torturing, hanging, embowelling of men, women, and children Torturing, hanging, embowelling of men, women, and children 51424 passions which spring from the heart of man; and, at the same time, "Rosalie!" replied Theodore in an accent of surprise; and approached to speak before a child--that Theodore was the finest young man in The thought that Rosalie might one day become indeed his wife, As soon as the dance was done,--"Rosalie," said Theodore, "''tis almost "I do not mean in _play_, dear Rosalie," cried Theodore. "Tell your master I wish to speak to him," said Theodore to the servant place," said Theodore; and the next moment the hall door was shut upon hand!" exclaimed Theodore; "I shall ask her to remain true to me for a looking on while the young lord of the manor handed out Rosalie to lead his aged eyes could but a little longer look on the things of time; and the old woman thought it was a long time since she had heard such a 51426 Emerson read a few unpublished notes on Thoreau, made years before, I ''Miss Elizabeth Thoreau, Concord, near Boston,'' and dated In 1857, when Mrs. Thoreau was seventy years old, and Miss Emerson eighty-four, the Concord, to which John Thoreau had removed for three years, in the Mr. Bulkeley, from whom Mr. Emerson and many of the other Concord citizens of Thoreau''s day were Emerson, visiting his friends in Concord, wrote thus of what he saw It originated in this way: A lady connected with Mr. Emerson''s family was visiting at Mrs. Thoreau''s while Henry was in Concord, and a close friend of the Thoreaus, who at one time lived February, 1843, Mr. Emerson, writing to Henry Thoreau from New York, years after Thoreau''s death, when writing to another friend, this In a letter to his sister Sophia, July 21, 1843, written from Mr. William Emerson''s house at Staten Island, Thoreau says:-- 51973 great men had done that way, I began early to look around me for a log you tried to haze your father a little, just to kill time, and how long In the morning is a good time to find out how many people have succeeded time, walking on the feet of any man who tries to wash his face during a letter in those days, old Ben Franklin saw that it went where it was Only a few years ago, a young man had to work hard for weeks and months with the little new-laid planets and have a good time, but now I can see I take occasion at this time to ask the American people as one man, A man will, if he tries, readily learn to do a great many such little great work, and he said: "Now, I''m a man of business. 54298 THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS: Its Religion, History, 1. We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and in His Son Jesus Christ, Gospel are: First, Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ; second, Repentance; of Christ, and come unto God their Eternal Father in humility, in God, and in Jesus Christ His Son, repentance of all sin, baptism by Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, in charge of the "Mormon" apostles preached: Faith in God the Eternal Father, in His Son Jesus believers exist in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Gospel of the Son of God. We claim that the Church of Jesus Christ of The World:--Do you believe that God the Father, Jesus Christ His Son, The World:--You say, Faith in God and in His Son Jesus Christ is the God. Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, repentance of all sins, baptism 54451 "when taken generally, that by the law of nature or nations, a man may combined power of three great causes are at work: _maternal love_, friend,--especially one somewhat older than myself," said Mrs. North. "Every affectionate wife, my dear _Anna_," said Mrs. Lawrence, "must be Mrs. North had a fine constitution; but like many women brought up with stages, and long rests were necessary for Mrs. North--at least she said "What is the name of this beautiful sheet of water on our left, Mr. Lawrence?" asked Mrs. North. "And then the beautiful, quiet village," said Mrs. Lawrence, "lying so "You are an enthusiast, Mrs. Lawrence," said Mr. North, smiling. his view; but Mrs. North had felt far greater sensible delight, when, "O, do," said Mrs. North; "it will be a great relief to my feelings, to Eight years passed away, and in that time the number of Mrs. North''s 56631 throng of the blessed who will for ever sing the glory of God. It is thus the good old man lived fifteen hundred years, and beneath the great Latin cross known as St. Saturnin or St. Sernin''s church at Toulouse--a treasure I took to my heart, come to us from countries and churches holding like principles The work of the church of God upon the earth is to teach and mother?" And the great pope remarks, as soon as a soul by a word, cannot afford to purchase the more expensive English work, Mrs. Sadlier''s condensation of the life and times of the great Irish God given by the Catholic Church, or to absolute nihilism. Catholic Church, was the only thing her loving soul was bitter The Good Old Time And Our Own. In the daily struggle for truth and right, in our hours of everywhere the truth of God. The catholicity of the church 5712 study of the sculptors and their works at the Panama-Pacific The sculptor''s work calls for steadfastness of purpose through long fine working out of his subject in a classical way, for the style of is "The Flame." At the Fine Arts Palace are a number of works from his the New York Art Students'' League under Augustus Saint-Gaudens, later prize offered by the American Art Association in Paris for the best work Albert Jaegers, a man who has taught himself his art, having fine powers His works in the Fine Arts Palace are of a very States Naval Academy at Annapolis, and much fine figure work. which can be seen in the Fine Arts Palace of the Exposition. look at his "Kneeling Figure" at the altar in front of the Fine Arts can be seen in medal form in the Fine Arts Palace. Was director of the Fine Arts Palace, Pan-American Exposition. 57383 On the 19th, just twenty days after the crossing, the city was completely invested and an assault had been made: five distinct battles (besides continuous skirmishing) had been fought and won by the Union forces; the capital of the State had fallen and its arsenals, military manufactories and everything useful for military purposes had been destroyed; an average of about one hundred and eighty miles had been marched by the troops engaged; but five days'' rations had been issued, and no forage; over six thousand prisoners had been captured, and as many more of the enemy had been killed or wounded; twenty-seven heavy cannon and sixty-one field-pieces had fallen into our hands; and four hundred miles of the river, from Vicksburg to Port Hudson, had become ours. 57466 "Art thou tired, Gysbert?" asked the girl, a slim, golden-haired lass of "Surely thou art not afraid of him, Jacqueline!" said Gysbert "Jacqueline, now that Vrouw Voorhaas is out of the way, I want to tell Come thou with me!" and he led Gysbert to the door of a thee is a good friend of mine, and beside I will tell him thou art a "I tell thee, girl, the time is coming when we shall be glad to eat the "Jacqueline, come up to Hengist Hill with me," said Gysbert one hot, "Thou hast good eyes, Gysbert! "How didst thou get in the city, Dirk Willumhoog?--No, go away! "Thou didst not let me read far enough, Jacqueline," the old man "What thou hast read does truly give me new courage," said Jacqueline. "But now thou must go to bed, Jacqueline," said Gysbert at length. "Didst thou hear that, Jacqueline?" whispered Gysbert. 57666 "Ah, my good woman," said Napoleon, "had I passed my time as you wished Years later, when Napoleon was Emperor, when asked to allow a person to "Men age fast on a field of battle," said Napoleon, "and I am no Years later he said, "Josephine was truly a most lovely woman, refined, Napoleon was strongly moved, and said years afterward, "I know not how The Austrian army had lost thirty thousand men in three days, Arnault said to Napoleon, "The Directory wishes to get you away; France Napoleon said bitterly, "England wants war. Napoleon said, "I have fought thirty battles like that, but I have never wonder Napoleon said, years later, of this terrible destruction of a "When I went there and entered upon my vocation of preaching," says Mr. Beecher, "I found a church, occupying a little brick building, with "With but twenty-five thousand men," said General Garfield, "formed in a 58781 famous Indian chiefs from the Colonial period to the present time. the neighboring forest when a party of Indian chiefs and warriors entered His house, like his father''s, was the Indian''s and the white man''s home, Among other captives the Indians carried away, at this time, a man named of their great war-chief, Captain Brant, whose name was a terror to white This great chief was born at the old Indian town of Piqua, Ohio, on the Mad In this the great chief showed his shrewdness, knowing the Indian''s love of Great warriors among the Indians, like those of the favored white race, Ellis, in his "Indian Wars," informs us that "For a time the old chief great white chiefs where they get their authority to say to the Indian that Brant, principal chief and warrior of the Six Nations, Indians, by his Brant, principal chief and warrior of the Six Nations, Indians, by his 59344 called "Services of Colored Americans in the Wars of 1776 and 1812." Some things set down here go to prove colored men patriotic--though colored man, Rev. PETER WILLIAMS, of New York: to the Military Services of Colored Americans in the Revolution of services of Colored Americans, instead of recording their attention Crispus Attucks, the noble Colored man, who fell in King Street, were manned in a large proportion with men of Color. It is believed that the debate on the military services of Colored men black men; and shall a city that kidnaps its citizens, honor a Negro The late James Forten, of Philadelphia, well known as a Colored man A Colored man, whom I visited in the hospital, called to see me to-day. "To every noble-hearted free man of color, volunteering to serve Within a recent period, several companies of Colored men in New York 59553 which spring from the heart of man; and, at the same time, possess "Man, that is born of woman, hath but a short time to live, and is and the old woman thought it was a long time since she had heard such been!" Here Lucille wiped a few natural tears from her eyes; St. Amand, struck to the heart, covered his face with his hands, without opened the eyes of the world on the subject of old generals; so ought world, by a life of usefulness in the present; by the love and fear of mind and heart, which rendered her in life an object of respect and said she felt perfectly easy about them, under the care of good Mrs. Berry; and {300} having the eye of the best of friends frequently upon "He hardly gives me time," she said, "to love him; for gazing like the 59976 and the ball is close to the goal, with only the swing of Teddie''s right Teddie dives into the line with the ball, and the great seething mass of for water, while old Mike rushes from the side-lines with a great not time to do anything against a rush-line like that. hands goes the ball for nearly every play, and gallantly that day does And now the ball is on the twenty-yard line, diagonally from the goal. "Time went on, and pop got to be a pretty big boy, and on his thirteenth actual play the Captain of the Blues drives off and sends the ball 130 on the ship passes that indicator every time he paces from one end of When the 30-yard line was covered, Andover got the ball for interference at centre, which put the ball on Exeter''s 35-yard line. Lawrenceville''s left half, played a very good game, considering his 60238 the Court of Errors to order a new trial where the evidence seemed After three days of argument by lawyers in the Federal case in New York City concerning the intent of and Court decisions on the Sherman law School I was for a time a member of the New York Bar. As I went upstairs struggle with Judge Story, who held the United States Circuit Court, over a question under the Bankrupt Law. The facts are stated on pages one side of a Moot Court case before Professor Parker, sitting as Judge. A few days later, the young man said to him, "I have asked Judge Story was opening the Circuit Court of the United States at Salem, I said the date marked other great crises in our history, and take time Supreme Court Justice Bennet Van Syckel, almost ninety-two years old, Former New Jersey State Senator and former Supreme Court Judge of 60736 Affidavit of William Law. Letter of Governor Carlin to Joseph Smith Anent the Foregoing Letter of Wilson Law to Joseph Smith--Advising that the Prophet Secret Governor Carlin''s Letter to Emma Smith--Nauvoo Charter and the Writ of State of Illinois, city of Nauvoo, personally appeared before me, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints--said if the people has said that I have stated that General Joseph Smith has given stated that General Joseph Smith has given me authority to hold stated that General Joseph Smith has given me authority to hold for the city of Nauvoo, in said county, this 22nd day of July, 1842. _Letter of Wilson Law to Joseph Smith--Advising that the Prophet for the said Joseph Smith to have been at any place in the state I, Joseph Smith, recorder in and for the said city of Nauvoo, seal of said court, at the city of Nauvoo, Illinois, this third day 60758 Letter: Joseph Smith to Isaac Morley--Instructions on Resisting Mob. Minutes of a Public Meeting at Nauvoo. Letter: Joseph Smith to Governor Ford--Defending the Action of the City Letter: Joseph Smith to Governor Ford--Explaining his Return to Nauvoo. Elder John Taylor''s Account of Governor Ford''s and President Smith''s President Joseph Smith, and the Nauvoo city council appreciated the Joseph Smith, mayor of said city; and after being duly sworn, Joseph Smith, mayor of said city; and after being duly sworn, Joseph Smith, mayor of said city; and after being duly sworn, Assembled,_ that Joseph Smith, of the city of Nauvoo, in the State of the United States; neither shall the said Joseph Smith, as a _Letter: Joseph Smith to Governor Ford--Explaining Action of City _Letter: Joseph Smith to Governor Ford--Explaining Action of City _Letter: The Prophet to Emma Smith--Governor Ford Going to Nauvoo_. _Letter: The Prophet to Emma Smith--Governor Ford Going to Nauvoo_. 6080 Lords Proprietors was called "Governor of North Carolina." State the number of men enlisted in North Carolina during officers: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of 1. The new State of North Carolina now became divided and excited 9. There was great excitement in the State upon North Carolina''s 1. What Governors had served in North Carolina during the years "We, the people of the State of North Carolina, in Convention The people of North Carolina loved the Union of States that between the States, the people of North Carolina had been CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA. WE, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to shall be called "the Great Seal of the State of North Carolina." United States, and the Constitution and laws of North Carolina Christian State, the General Assembly shall, at its first 6091 Betty, to this old set; I love to think of you as the last rose on the looked like a man who would waste no time on the study of woman''s Senator North rose, they returned; and Betty felt a personal pride in "Senator North tells me that he met you the other day and would like to Betty went to the Senate Gallery that afternoon for the first time in "I started to come some time ago," said Senator North, "but I was _Senator North, Miss Betty Madison, and several other Characters in That was the only time Betty heard Senator North''s name mentioned "Few people know of this lake, I am told," said Senator North, "Betty," said Senator North, one morning a fortnight later, "how much Betty was in the living-room with Senator North when a letter from Jack Betty went very often to the Senate Gallery in these days, for it was 6109 learn how to study, because teachers admit the fact very generally. topics, or to study in general; for different subjects cannot vary children really cannot study, what an excuse their teachers have for method of study would be advisable, that teachers should set a good study requires abundant energy, for it is hard work; and young people education once undertook to plan subject-matter in nature study for the question at present; the general nature of children must determine street, and school life of her pupils, of their study and reading, if that children may form their idea of study from them alone, which they including college students, study largely in this way. PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS FOR TEACHING CHILDREN TO GROUP RELATED FACTS Children who use reference works might now and then study an Ways of leading children to memorize through thinking in study children to include the using of knowledge as a part of their study, 6158 manhood he is prepared to study men and things in a way to make success His power of observation gave him great happiness, from the time he It has cost many a man life or fortune for not knowing what he thought never saw a self-made man in my life who did not firmly believe that he The youthful period of man''s life is by far the most important. by the experience of great men like Dr. Cuyler, who said, not long ago, Think of a man just starting out in life to conquer the world being at times out of ten the best thing that can happen to a young man is to be said to a friend: "There is little or nothing in this life worth living Take life like a man--as Whatever great thing in life a man does, he never would have done in 63254 rum, slave and molasses trade" was brought to New England to a condition especially of the slave trade and of slavery in the United States, as well it was ceded to the United States; slavery continuing to exist there under The action of the several States upon the subject of slavery and the slave foreign slave trade was now prohibited in all of the states as well as all of the States, showing that the right to introduce slaves was regarded of the slave trade from foreign countries to the United States, to take In the same year and about the same time that the United States law was abolition of the slave trade by both the United States and Great Britain, new states, slavery would be prohibited and freedom given to the slaves =Action of the Border Slave States--Convention of Virginia= =Action of the Border Slave States--Convention of Virginia= 6333 has been said that, in present-day speech-making, humor has supplanted man finds he is going wrong he must will to go right--as if many men power of a living man on dead things, how much more should that is the one great nation of the New World, the mother of American thought any man ''ud know," says I, "when the sun sinks to rest in the Speaking of the bore who calls when you are busy and never goes, Mr. Clapp said, "He is not for a time, but for all day." And what could be good work that men of letters can justify their right to a place in the Then comes the generation of the great colonial day: "I stood by the Many years ago Woodrow Wilson said, "No man is great let my voice be heard?" The next day the _Times_ sent him word ''I am,'' said he, ''like a man so 6423 Old England was to have one great poet schooled in the love of both fact, when we read the early history of New England, we are frequently LIFE.--Irving was born in New York City in 1783, the year in which Benjamin English life because the critics of his time considered American subjects ideals of life, during a critical period in New England''s renaissance. writing Hawthorne''s _Life_ in 1890, the year before American authors were LIFE--Longfellow, the most widely read of American poets, was born in New England Tragedies_ is the most likely to be read in future years, not and social life to a quiet New England home, he wrote:-Most of the work of the great New England group of writers was done during greatness of simple New England life. Hawthorne and Poe, two of the world''s great short-story writers, were best stories are those of simple New England country life. 6434 ATTACKS UPON THE COLONISTS.--War parties of the French and Indians [Footnote: Fifteen years after, this old Indian chief came "a long [Footnote: Two years after, Montcalm, the new French general, swept [Footnote: Read Dames''s Popular History of the United States, Chap General Washington said, "New York will in process of years BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND (Aug. 27).--The British army landed on the returned to New York and sent the Hessians to take _Fort Washington_, Battle of Lundy''s Lane (July 25).--The American army, under General the war no important battles were fought in this State. _The Union Army Checked_.--General Lee, who now took command GENERAL REVIEW OF THE SECOND YEAR OF THE WAR.--The Confederates had and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a The President shall, at stated times, receive for his Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the 6449 Wesley went one day to hold evening prayers at a village church near years have passed since men heard his voice, looked on his strong, Henry George was that rare, peculiar and strange thing--an honest man. "What Cheer House" was all right for a man getting good wages, but much faith in God. After his thirty-sixth year Henry George slipped by natural process and insist that men shall have the right to work out their lives in The Reverend Theodore Parker once said: "Every living man in America United States, offered Paine passage to America on board the man-ofwar "Maryland," in order that he might be safe from capture by the Paine thought Franklin quite the greatest man of his time, an opinion time is coming when a State Church will be unknown in England, and The man who said, "In a world where death is, there is no time 6456 normal public life, symbolic pictures are no less governant of The symbols of public opinion, in times of moderate upon the extraordinary differences in what men know of the world. public opinion deals with indirect, unseen, and puzzling facts, and what is called Public Opinion, how a National Will, a Group Mind, a features news and opinion that dealt with public affairs. deal with public affairs, that is to say war, foreign, political, capitalist sees one set of facts, and certain aspects of human nature, men had begun to imagine the Great War they had conceived Germany held Movements, Economic Forces, National Interests, Public Opinion are publicity, and there are times, during war for example, when a nation, Public Opinion as men in other societies looked upon the uncanny collect the news dealing with great events, and even the people who do works that way in regard to political issues and international news as 6665 Government must be given more power to protect the States themselves, pay a portion of the national debt, and forbidding new States, to the National Government of the United States of America should be At the same time, acting in his new station as president of the State United States to consider a frame of national government, was ready as given by Madison, began, "We, the people of the States of New is true that the national Congress first suggested State governments National Government come so near abdicating in favour of the State of the National Government with State affairs, the debates turned on a higher point--do the people of the United States form a nation? United States to monarchical England warring on republican France. of the national government and the security of the states." By the people faced a new question: had the United States a right to place 6702 It is from this incident of real life and personal experience that Mrs. Stowe conceived the thrilling episode of the fugitives'' escape from Tom In answer to this letter Mrs. Stowe writes from Hartford:-between the husband and wife, is shown by a line in one of Mrs. Stowe''s letters from Hartford in which she says: "I was telling Georgiana May, a most terrible and overwhelming sorrow came on Mrs. Stowe, in common with all the family, in the sudden death of her A few years afterwards Mrs. Stowe, writing of this story, said, "This A few days after the publication of the book, Mrs. Stowe, writing In due time Mrs. Stowe began to receive answers to the letters she had is contained in a letter written at this time by Mrs. Stowe to her Mrs. Stowe made one more reading tour the following year, and this time 6708 three Chinese princes to carry out the arrangement, but the day must come the Chinese army, that ruler sent to demand the reason of the attack on scene and took the command of the Chinese forces in person, the Mongols Chinese people in their authority no doubt induced the Manchu leaders to from the rich and powerful Chinese emperor in his poor State would be object in sending Chinese troops into that state, and Kanghi''s generals sent express messengers to Pekin entreating the Chinese emperor to send an the Chinese had by this time taken the measure of the English commander, from China in the previous eleven years, and, as the Chinese of course Chinese officials had been both consistent and successful, the new English possession of a Chinese army, and a strong force of Tartar cavalry, alone The successes of the Chinese gave their generals and army the confidence 6767 HENRY ADAMS: _History of the United States of America_. [Sidenote: Sources of American government.] In government as well as in trade a new era came to the colonies in 1763. Persian wars: a trading nation, a naval power, a governing race, a Tucker, declared that the American colonies in their defiant state had trade; Congress threw open American ports to all foreign nations, and NEW STATE GOVERNMENTS FORMED (1775-1777). NEW STATE GOVERNMENTS FORMED (1775-1777). America." Were the new States essentially different from the colonies? [Sidenote: Republican government encouraged.] A great political principle [Sidenote: Proposed new states.] United States_, _National Gazette_.--Reprints in _American History told [Sidenote: Effect on the United States.] their people; to their members the United States government represented government, and secured most of the New England members of Congress. the United States Bank, and the final issue was the power of Congress to [Sidenote: State powers limited.] 6812 In the year 1780, Abraham Lincoln, a member of a respectable and wellto-do family in Rockingham County, Virginia, started westward to This John Lincoln left New Jersey some years later, and about 1750 mother''s life-time, and to have taken her stepmother''s name after Mr. Lincoln''s second marriage.] to the only schools that existed in their [Footnote: The Democrats of New Salem worked for Lincoln out of their Lincoln for the first time on the day when he came up to Springfield living problem in the State, and Mr. Lincoln naturally took liberal On the 3rd of March, the day before the Legislature adjourned, Mr. Lincoln caused to be entered upon its records a paper which excited strong antislavery man, had been elected by a division of the proslavery party, but came in with a Legislature largely against him. Lincoln was at this time a candidate for the Whig nomination to along the Missouri border two "free-State" men and one pro-slavery man 6896 existence of a great mass of land called the New World, but still supposed WHY THE NEW WORLD WAS CALLED AMERICA.--In the party sent by the king of THE ENGLISH EXPLORE THE NEW ENGLAND COAST.--The war lasted sixteen years an oak tree thereafter known as the Charter Oak. But Andros ruled Connecticut, and in the following year New York and East Charles Lee with seven thousand men in New York state. the British went on to New York, and for three years Washington remained party of young men sent out by the Ohio Company made their way from New THE NEW WEST.--In the western country ten years had wrought a great Good times in the commercial states and the Indian war in the West In three years'' time one hundred and twenty new state banks were created. general of New York, became United States senator in 1821, and was 7080 question of Indian Government is considered by the House of Commons to of government in India, since the population of that country will always of this country, expressing the opinion that if the Government of India the population, I think I can show a state of things existing in India India is five times as great as the population of England. placed before it, the noble Lord will agree that in a great question country and in the United States, I shall take the liberty, if the House United States; and it was the war party there in the days of Lord North. they come to speak of the duty of the Government of the United States, said against Governments in this country and in Europe a hundred times Let the House, if it can, regard Ireland as an English country. are those two noble Lords men in whom the House and country ought to 7097 Soon after this a leading chief of the Muscow nation came to our village Great Spirit having taken pity on me, I took a small party and went and principal men paid a visit to the war chief at the fort. Dixon carried it, but soon returned, reporting that the young war chief a visit to the fort to tell the white people that my little band were On my return to Rock river, I was informed that a party of soldiers and told my young men the wishes and wants of the war chief. men have not been out in war parties and killed in enemy stand back bad in this great war chief, General Gaines, who was now near Rock that the great war chief, General Gaines, was coming to remove us, On our arrival at Jefferson Barracks we met the great war chief, White 712 two Adamses, while Virginia gave to the nation, Washington, Jefferson, On New Year''s day, 1772, Jefferson and Mrs. Skelton were married and father-in-law doubled Jefferson''s estate, a year after his marriage. Jefferson succeeded Patrick Henry as Governor of the State, at the President Adams ignored him in all political matters, and Jefferson The presidential vote was: Jefferson, 73; Burr, 73; John Adams, 65; leaving their Republican brothers to vote those States for Jefferson. visited, Jefferson returned to America just at the time when Washington President Jefferson called the attention of Congress to this Fifty-nine years afterwards Jefferson continued to speak of that great which Thomas Jefferson bequeathed to his country and his State; and who, following day, and consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin "From the time of his final retirement from public life Mr. Jefferson lived as becomes a wise man. 3. General condition of the Country at the time of Jefferson''s election 7131 They, like the English, wished to live in the new world; Spain''s Smith knew that in this world, new or old, men get what they work for, not like the lost homes in England, but a place people could live human others continued to harass New England for some time longer, the plan make it likely that of New England." These were good words. made New England; but because they were men, inspired of God to make from New England, Puritans fleeing from the old country, Quakers and colonies, whose eyes are now upon New England, expecting that the By the time Andros came to New England, he had learned his business. the New England men. character of the people of New England during this century; but perhaps Why not found a new colony there where men English government, with the king at the head of it, and men like 7136 the power of the General Government to Emancipate the Slaves, as a War the instant that your Slave-holding States become the theatre of War For instance, in Major-General McClellan''s proclamation to the Union men Insurrection, or in resisting the Laws of the United States, or shall States, That the present deplorable Civil War has been forced upon the held to Service shall be employed in hostility to the United States, the with regard to it, the War Department issued the following General States of the services of all disposed to support the Government, while Government of the United States, frequently escape from the lines of the would be defended under the laws of War. While the Loyal States thus the United States to make proclamations declaring the Slaves of any liberated Slaves, then will our States and people take this proposition "You appeal to the loyal men of the Slave States to sacrifice something 7140 by the few extreme Southern Slave-holding States--South Carolina and Slavery from all the Territories of the United States south of, as well States, and of amendments thereto, they constituted a General Government Trade by coupling it with questions of slave labor, States Rights, and violation of the Constitution by the General Government, a State may Rebellion of the Free Trade and Pro-Slavery States of the South in 1861, people of the United States will not consent to bring into the Union a Said he: "I deny the right of Congress to force a Slaveholding State of the right of the people to form a State Constitution as they please, bold, the true, and just men in the Free and Slave States, with a united The United States shall have power to acquire from time to Persons held to Labor or Service by the laws of said State." 7170 and as Hawthorne went to Sebago for the first time the preceding year, Hawthorne was well liked in his class in spite of his reserved manners, Hawthorne''s nature was not like Emerson''s, and what life-long friend, and even went to Concord to lecture, he and Hawthorne manner so much that it is a relief to him to meet a man like Hawthorne, of man--like electricity; but Hawthorne did not agree with them. Doctor Peabody''s house in West Street, Boston; Mrs. Hawthorne wisely his eyes were different.] With two small children on her hands, Mrs. Hawthorne had slight opportunity to enjoy general society, fashionable Hawthorne simply as a man like themselves, instead of as a celebrity, position, and coming from Hawthorne, of all writers, it seems like Hawthorne''s description suggests a man somewhat like this; but the of English life and manners Mrs. Hawthorne''s letters, though not always 7211 the world has ever seen,--such a literature as shall honor God, and bless the child that is born to-day likely to live to hear a better. times; whether mild laws shall receive the cheerful submission of free men, occasion pass of commemorating this illustrious man; and, until time shall The question now arises, shall this one great people, having a common passed our laws in short words, that the people shall be free; the burdens Providence to our beloved country, from age to age, till time shall be no break the great law of Heaven by shedding man''s blood, seldom succeed in eyes shall be turned to behold for the last time the sun in heaven, may I star of his country rise; pouring out his generous blood like water, before free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be 7252 young women like Priscilla Mullins, Mary Chilton, Elizabeth Tilley and Edward; Alice, wife of John Mullins or Molines; Mrs. James Chilton; of some of the pioneer women from the Old Plymouth Colony Records. He wrote: [Footnote: Bradford''s History of Plymouth Plantation, record, [Footnote: A Chronological History of New England, by Thomas George Soule; John Winslow; later married Mary Chilton, and Thomas [Footnote: In Pilgrim Hall, Plymouth.] belonging to Mistress Susanna [Footnote: Bradford''s History of Plymouth Plantation, Bk. 2.] "Some [Footnote: Bradford''s History of Plymouth Plantation, Bk. 2.] "Some [Footnote: Records of the Colony of New Plymouth In New England, This son came later to Plymouth, about 1627, and lived in Marshfield [Footnote: Records of the Colony of New Plymouth.] He had also been [Footnote: Records of the Colony of New Plymouth.] He had also been paid to the name of John Alden in Duxbury and Plymouth: [Footnote: 7255 a painting, which Cranch executed the following year, and wrote Mr. Stearns this explanation concerning it, in a very interesting letter Holyoke had explained his business Doctor Holmes finally said: "I liked It was certainly contemptible to treat a man like Doctor Holmes in this right hand sat Governor Andrew, and either Sumner or Stearns on his left. political bosses of that time, but his personal friends, Sumner, Wilson, Sumner''s early life was not like that of Lincoln, neither was he obliged college life than that of other distinguished men of that time, and it is Sumner''s interest in the law was like that of a great artist who works At the same time Sumner was so great a man that it was simply impossible American questions they worked together like one man in regard to foreign George Sumner also came; like his brother, a man much above the average 7295 Him who had said, "Suffer little children to come unto me," and again told them of a slave family, who, after living twenty years in Indiana, return home a colored man came to James, evidently quite excited, and said: "We have just heard there is a colored man here having trouble Said the man, "I am as free as you are; and to live a slave I never of the kind friends who had paid good wages for his work, and said he good family, but in a poor place," said our venerable friend. The day following I met the sick man again, and as soon as I entered wants ''im, au'' I went to dis white man, an'' ax ''im for his boy ten year young woman who gave for that sick man, without giving me time to ask old man said to one of the ministers, as he placed his hand on his 7348 Palace of Fine Arts and its Exhibit, with the Awards," supplies such an Portal between the Courts of Palms and Seasons--Pacific Photo and Art Co. Fountain of Summer--J. Colonnade, Fine Arts, and Half-Dome, Food Products Palace The central group of Exposition structures really a single vast palace, whose mural pictures adorn the courts and arches and the Fine Arts figure, which the sculptor shows in the Palace of Fine Arts, is there This limitation of the Fine Arts exhibit has made room for a great [1] For plan of rooms and national sections in the Palace of Fine Arts, Palace of Fine Arts, the best pictures and Sculptures are shown here. The state exhibits are in the Exposition palaces. exhibited in the Palace of Fine Arts, or in the state or foreign Exposition palaces, courts, and gardens. "Exposition Sculpture," adorning the palaces, courts and gardens, 7411 The architecture of the central group of palaces and courts is a notable and west axis are grouped eight palaces, about three interior courts. terminated by the Fine Arts Palace, which separates the central group The South panel of the main structure has as its central figure Vanity The East face of the minor group first shows the figure of Greed, with In the same basin, at the far south end, is a figure of The Setting Sun. This was part of the artist''s conception of the Fountain of Earth, the "The Fountain," the panel on the east wall, shows a group of people who On the east wall under the dome is the panel Art important figure of the time when American art was finding itself. Gallery 65 contains some of the best American figure paintings in the Gallery 2 is most interesting for the group on the north wall, where the 7436 Church and State in the four New England colonies.--Early theological calling of a synod of New England churches.--The Connecticut Court The influence of this Separatist church upon New England demands which English Independency put to the New England churches It governed the New England churches for form;" limited communion to church members approved by New England These Church-of-England men were increasing in numbers in the colony, general synod of the New England churches which had been desired, and received and established in the Churches of New England," [c] to which its dangers to New England church-life, to the political and E. Church and State in New England. E. Church and State in New England. E. Church and State in New England. E. Church and State in New England. Messengers of the Churches in the Colony of Connecticut in New England and established in the Churches of New England. 7521 study, the new functions which the school has recently assumed, the worldwide sweep of modern educational ideas, the rise of many entirely new 2. State the educational ideals of the new secondary schools evolved by schools meet the great demand of the time for educational leaders that he illustrated by the great beginning-school book of the time, _The New school a potent instrument for human progress by introducing new subjectmatter, and by formulating laws and developing methods for its work which educational institutions, the English Public (Latin Grammar) School, seems significance of national education, and to organize state schools, we church-school idea to the conception of education as an important function church schools and old educational foundations into harmonious working education with a new interest; bulky state school codes have given force state school for the training of the deaf established in the new world, 7552 A good lawyer is a bad Christian Behead, torture, burn alive, and bury Do you want peace or war? Don John was at liberty to be King of God has given absolute power to no Great error of despising their enemy Great war of religion and politics was In times of civil war, to be neutral is Leave not a single man alive in the Made peace--and had been at war ever Men fought as if war was the normal Neither kings nor governments are apt New Years Day in England, 11th January No great man can reach the highest No man pretended to think of the State On the first day four thousand men and Peace, in reality, was war in its worst Peace was unattainable, war was state govern the priests The dead men of the place are my Thousands of burned heretics had not 7952 gods," says Marcus Aurelius, "have put all the means in man''s power to this little earth?" "All rising to great place," says Bacon, "is by a No doubt, much as worthy friends add to the happiness and value of life, The life of man is seventy years, but how little of this is actually our Time indeed, is a sacred gift, and each day is a little life. Man''s great Ignorance of the Uses of Natural Things; or that there is no "Health," said Simonides long ago, "is best for mortal man; next beauty; The original human nature, he says, was not like the present. Love and Reason divide the life of man. "In true Art," says Ruskin, "the hand, the head, and the heart of man go "Work," says Nature to man, "in every hour, paid or unpaid; see only that life, in Arts, in Sciences, in books, in men, to exact good faith, 7984 of men, animals, and the wrecks of camps and wagons, told a story of Famous Men of the Old Santa Fe Trail--Kit Carson--Jim Bridger-Scenery on the Line of the Old Santa Fe Trail--The Great Plains-Williams reached the agency by the time the Kansas Indians arrived An old-time atajo or caravan of pack-mules generally numbered from fifty Indians thirty years ago, where a number of mules of our pack-train, General Hancock to visit the immense Indian camp a few miles above Missouri River direct to Santa Fe. The old Pueblo fort, as nearly as can be determined now, was built as The New Mexicans often came in small parties to his Indian Arkansas, where the Santa Fe Trail crosses the river into New Mexico, tribes of Indians who roamed over the great plains and in the mountains. At that time the Indians of the great plains, especially 8145 supplies Washington ordered 600 militia, commanded by General Potter, to attack the American army while divided, General Washington ordered Here the Commander-in-Chief communicated to his army in general orders General Gates had joined the army under Washington, and the command of British army commanded by General Burgoyne in person. The following general orders were issued by Washington on the day States should the British armies continue in the country and with the well on this particular subject as on the general state of the army and state of the American army disabled Washington from making any attempt late president of Congress, and chief-justice of the State of New York, Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House The president shall, at stated times, receive for his services a Washington address the Congress of the United States, when elected for States, General Washington, a character whose conduct has been so 8163 literature, or even any great literary work, can be fully comprehended, as written in colloquial language, and generally founded on national history The great work of Attar is a poem containing useful moral His great work on universal history contains an account of the origin of centuries of Greek literature, especially at the close of this period, we great work was a universal history, but of the forty books of which it writer of prose romances in the final period of Greek literature. enthusiasm for education and literature took place, and a period of great Cato''s great historical and antiquarian work, "The Origins," was a history in style, and the origination of a national periodical literature. author of several highly important works on language and literature. national school, has written the "History of German Literature," "The Literature." Among the other great writers on ancient history are Böckh, 8222 At Brook Farm, Curtis studied Greek, German, music, and agriculture. The two years spent at Brook Farm formed an important episode in the life doubt whether he be not precisely the rarest man in the world." Mrs. Hawthorne wrote of Bradford, that "his beautiful character makes him beauty, in considerable degree, of our Brook Farm life." renewal of good old days, and I came away feeling that it must have added The love of music which George Curtis had developed at Brook Farm It was a part of the Brook Farm and Concord life which Curtis continued in I shall not leave all my good friends, and all the fine music My dear Friend,--If I should come to Brook Farm on Thursday evening will time in the Brook Farm pine-woods on a still Sunday; but to-day, as I secure some day about that time to come to Brook Farm, if only to say 8458 Hardee, Lieutenant General C.S.A. John Bell of Tennessee--In 1860 Presidential Candidate "Union Party"--"Bell father had entered public life with plenty of money, and General Jackson he took a distinguished English lady to the White House when Old Hickory The great man took the money, repaired to a gambling house, had an "Ah, yes," said the great man, "you are the little rascal who tried to continued; "Why, think of a man wanting to be President at forty years of and, having passed the time of day, said: "The Secretary of War wishes you Wartrace that day twenty years ago that he was a good Union man he told at In the old days before the war of sections the South was full of typical A few days later the dear old lady said to evil days the Courier-Journal stood alone, having no party or organized 8605 Rev. John White Chadwick, in his Old and New Unitarian Beliefs. In the year 1821 was formed the Unitarian Library and Tract Society of New men were leaders in the movement to organize a Unitarian Association. attitude affected the Unitarian Association was pointedly stated by Mr. Clarke, after several years of experience as its secretary. Bellows, the minister of All Souls'' Church in New York, the first Unitarian Conference of Unitarian and Other Christian Churches. Unitarian Association from its Year Book; and a resolution offered by Dr. Bellows, indorsing the action of the officers of the National Conference in The Conference of Unitarian and other Christian Churches was formed in when the Western Unitarian Sunday School Society was organized, with Rev. Milton J. men and their associates in the Unitarian churches gave to the city its November 21, 1866; Conference of Unitarian and Other Christian Churches of 8641 Yet Emerson was always good, and every man and woman who came to hear who like to play soldier in time of peace are not the best material to It is true that Thoreau imitated Emerson''s manner of speech a good he was in the right, and men like Emerson, Ripley, and James Freeman a great and good man has ever lived without suffering from it at one fretting because the clergyman did not cone in time, "Meanwhile, Mrs. D., there is providence." Of a good-humored young radical who wished to Louisa liked to look at other people dancing, and generally it made her bright little story-writer of those days and very much like her English considered the "Conduct of Life" to be Emerson''s best book, and there came to Concord to write poetry and live the life of an old bachelor, friends who knew that he liked Emerson, thought he had found too much 8690 in the United States; and that the democracy which governs the American The great political principles which govern American society at this The general laws of the state impose a certain number of obligations on time in the laws of the state of New York: but in general these attempts JUDICIAL POWER IN THE UNITED STATES, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON POLITICAL JUDICIAL POWER IN THE UNITED STATES, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON POLITICAL authorities of the United States, lest their great political importance In the United States the constitution governs the legislator as much as No Nation ever constituted so great a judicial Power as the Americans. WHY THE PEOPLE MAY STRICTLY BE SAID TO GOVERN IN THE UNITED STATES. WHY THE PEOPLE MAY STRICTLY BE SAID TO GOVERN IN THE UNITED STATES. natural state of the South American Spaniards at the present time? power exists in the United States; and by most of the constitutions 8691 courts.[Footnote: State _v._ Ward, 43 Connecticut Reports, In the State Constitutions, the judges of the highest courts are of her Supreme Court.[Footnote: Wharton''s State Trials, 47.] view the Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States be A decision on a point of law by the highest court in a State does Judiciary Act which gave the Supreme Court of the United States general trial court of the United States in the first instance. In common law causes in the District Court, the State remedies by with the Constitution of the United States, to the trial courts from the Supreme Court of the United States.[Footnote: _In courts of the United States in trials at common law. not bound by the opinion of the court.[Footnote: United States another, of 640 cases; and the Supreme Court of the United States Supreme Court of the United States.[Footnote: _Ex parte_ 8813 them--with a word about Brooklyn and New York cities, the times I lived Living in Brooklyn or New York city from this time forward, my life, and bay scenery, all about New York island, any time of a fine day--the hour, a day, a night like that can never again return. yet, old man," and looks at me with his great bright eyes. quick-passing, characteristic New York scene; the large, good-looking, I say we had best look our times and lands searchingly in the face, like and good man, had impressively said to me, that day--putting in form, If the United States, like the countries of the Old World, are also occurrences, loves, persons, not like many new and some old poets in a preach''d many times on Long Island, New York State. _New York, Great Exposition open''d in 1853._--I went a long time (nearly 8881 thus God has written the natural dignity of the young man''s life in the always been the young man who has embarked in the world''s great great young men, some of them like Jason embarking on the sea of adventure The young man is emphatically the _ruling element_ in politics to-day. Like Jason, the young man of to-day is the hero to cry of a rag-man and the mournful strains of a hand-organ come to my ears. The man who has spent his life like a scaraboid beetle rolling up money, Moreover, every man is himself an opportunity of infinite greatness. life to know just the thing to do, and the opportune moment for doing it. Our life is a succession of opportunities. the midst of a great world pulsing with life around you. In the words of a great man, "Nature fits all her children with something Work is the great law of life. 8896 CHAPTER I.--FRANCE: ENGLAND: SPAIN: GERMANY: ITALY: THE OTTOMAN TURKS: CHAPTER VI.--THE CIVIL WARS IN FRANCE, TO THE DEATH OF HENRY IV. CHAPTER V.--CONTEST OF ENGLAND AND FRANCE IN AMERICA: WAR OF AMERICAN THE ARMY.--At about this time a great change took place in the thousand men he defeated the Roman generals, and threatened Rome kings of France, of Germany, or of Italy, but the numerous feudal The "Holy Roman Empire of the German nation," the great political OTTO IV.: CIVIL WAR IN GERMANY.--Frederick had been elected king; but, king of France and the French provinces of England. WAR WITH FRANCE.--_John_ joined in a great coalition against ENGLAND AND FRANCE.--In 1243 _Louis_ defeated _Henry III._ of ENGLISH AND FRENCH ARMIES.--At this time, when the power of France was great European wars, which took the place of the feudal conflicts of a States-general were called together in 1561, and a great religious 8928 The Congress of Nueva Granada had ordered Bolívar to take Trujillo and Bolívar advanced, destroyed in Taguanes a strong army sent to check with the organization of the remains of the patriotic army, and Bolívar the thing necessary to do was to offer Bolívar supreme power for the time With the few men obtained in Caracas, Bolívar organized a small army with Congress asked Bolívar to direct the campaign to protect Nueva Granada his followers, called MacGregor, who had been sent with some men by Bolívar Sucre had been placed by Bolívar in command of the army of the South, with America, for the first time, by Bolívar as president of Colombia. Bolívar gave him back his command; Torres ordered the advance of his men army had 18,000 men, 12,000 to fight Bolívar, who was then in the city the cause of South American independence which, as they said, Bolívar had 896 government, are all acts of transcendent authority, which the people declaration of the United Colonies, as free and independent States--were government, for that compound nation, the United States of America. is, the institution, by the people of the United States, of a civil for the foundation of human government to the laws of nature and of Declaration of Independence--not from the people of the State itself. Colonies, declared United States. people; from power to right--from the irresponsible despotism of of government were declared to be to secure the natural rights of man; their eternal separation from the nation of Great Britain--and declared the United Colonies independent States. From the day of that Declaration, the constituent power of the people government and of the sanction of the people to the delegation of powers principles of government over civilized man, accomplished. accomplishing the settlement of your country, men upon whose virtue 925 happiness of the people of the United States a Government instituted by commerce with nations who feel power and forget right, advancing rapidly in the power of the United States to discharge the national debt at an duties at a time when the United States are blessed with peace. especially in times of great emergency or for purposes of high national State in its own government and the rights of the whole nation in that national objects; regarding it as leaving to the people and the States the United States and the restricted grant of power to the Government subjects of the people of the States, but free American citizens. the expressed will of the people and Government of the United States by which all nations and all peoples are free to govern themselves as they to States or to local governments or to the people themselves. 9308 25 WILLIAM BERRI, VICE PRESIDENT, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION West expected great things of New York State; that the city of St. Louis develop the New York State art exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission of the State of New York any of the exhibits, or Exposition Commission of the State of New York for the use of said Lewis the Lewis and Clark Exposition Commission, State of New York, must get Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission of the State of New York. Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission of the State of New York. Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission of the State of New York. Therefore, the school exhibit of New York State should Commission of the State of New York for its collective exhibit in this Commission of the State of New York for its collective exhibit in this Commission of the State of New York for its collective exhibit in this 9322 as it art English colony were really about to prosper in the new land. [Sidenote: New England Colonized.] [Sidenote: The New England Colonies.] [Sidenote: Colonial New York and Virginia.] England and colonial New York and Virginia. [Sidenote: New England Industries.] great state on their "manors," ruling the colonies, working their lands imagination the state of American society as it was a hundred years ago. [Sidenote: Election of Washington as President.] [Sidenote: State Rights and a Central Government.] [Sidenote: Washington''s State.] [Sidenote: States Added to the Union.] [Sidenote: General Results of Washington''s Administration.] be said, generally, of Washington''s presidency, that it gave the new [Sidenote: Political Effect of the War.] but had existed for a time even in the Puritan colonies of New England. [Sidenote: The Civil War.] [Sidenote: Second Year of the War.] [Sidenote: Presidents Contributed by the Various States.] [Sidenote: Majority of Authors from New England.] [Sidenote: Rights of the States.] 9591 beautiful with lilies;" the song of the poor but fresh-faced shepherdboy, who lived a merry life, and wore the herb heartsease in his bosom, that good man of old, who said, we ought to obey God rather than man,) George Fox himself, knowing thy beautiful young friend, (and doubtless men holding stations in Church or State, as savoring of man-worship, that old time to Quakerism and such like." time, but human nature was weak; he became, to use his own words, days, when thy Common-Prayer Book was as little regarded as an old ''you are a good Man, and God will hear your Prayers.'' I desire thee, came to the Place, the old Man found them to be his; but suffered his Honor to the true man ever, who takes his life in his hands, and, An old and lonely man looks back upon the young years 9592 wife was leaning on his arm,--young, loving, and beautiful; the heart midst of the green beauty of the scenery which he loved in life, and side remarkable degree the love of all loyal and generous hearts. altar of patriotism,--wealth, ease, home, love, life itself. And now, at the ripe age of eighty-five years, the brave old man has honored father of American poetry, still living to lament the death of great and good man whose memory, outliving all prejudices of creed, sect, heart of the nation proves sound and loyal, I feel a new hope for the life this brother wrote of her, "She has been a dear, good sister to me brother, Dr. Francis, we learn that when twelve years of age she went to a great measure confined to old and intimate friends, while her visits to memory holds of a wise and brave, but tender and loving woman, of whom it 9594 beautiful with lilies;" the song of the poor but fresh-faced shepherdboy, who lived a merry life, and wore the herb heartsease in his bosom, men holding stations in Church or State, as savoring of man-worship, that old time to Quakerism and such like." return, reaching his house late in the evening, he saw a man standing in days, when thy Common-Prayer Book was as little regarded as an old ''you are a good Man, and God will hear your Prayers.'' I desire thee, came to the Place, the old Man found them to be his; but suffered his Honor to the true man ever, who takes his life in his hands, and, a great and good man--grave, learned, and renowned--to her youth and He lived to a good old age, a home-loving, unpretending farmer, An old and lonely man looks back upon the young years 9595 Bound by the United States constitution to protect the slave-holder in slavery: and the number of slaves has increased more than half a million, system of slavery, to remove the fears of the slave-holder, and increase fundamental truth of human liberty, that man cannot hold property in his The slave-holding states are not free. Let, then, the slave-holding states consult their present interest by And when the voice of all the non-slave-holding states shall be heard on overthrow of a great national evil like that of slavery can only be South, between the slave-holder and the free laborer. slave states, subjecting free colored citizens of New England and of slavery in some of the states renders the demand for free laborers their slaves and to their brethren of the free states. claims to human beings as slaves, and employ them as free laborers, under obligations resting upon the people of the free states to remove slavery 9599 fundamental truth of human liberty, that man cannot hold property in his Let, then, the slave-holding states consult their present interest by And when the voice of all the non-slave-holding states shall be heard on overthrow of a great national evil like that of slavery can only be slave states, subjecting free colored citizens of New England and the slave-holding portions of our republic shall no longer sit, like the "If any slave shall suffer in his life, limbs, or members, when no white of slavery in some of the states renders the demand for free laborers the citizens of Augusta County, bearing the signatures of many slaveholders, placed the evils of slavery in a strong light before the claims to human beings as slaves, and employ them as free laborers, under voice of God condemns it in the deep places of the human heart. slave, and now I shall die a free man!" 9868 war debts, and the election of new state legislatures, governors, new Act declared the existing southern state governments to be illegal _Development of the United States_ (1918), present a new point of view. It demanded reform in the governments of states and nation, regain power in order to use the funds in the United States Treasury to the state convention to prevent public reports of schism in the party. The best example of the American railroad president after the war was states and passed the Sherman Anti-trust Act, which received President acted both as railroad employees and as United States officers, under Privileges and Elections, United States Senate, 62d Congress, 2d The United States was a party to four of the fifteen cases presented to Republican who had been Secretary of State under President Roosevelt, states which elected Republican senators and governors by large American Year Book_; J.B. McMaster, _The United States in the World War