id sid tid token lemma pos cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 1 key key JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 2 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 3 cord-318204-t024w7h6 cord-318204-t024w7h6 NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 4 authors author NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 5 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 6 Fang Fang NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 7 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 8 Ferric Ferric NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 9 C C NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 10 ; ; : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 11 Naccache Naccache NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 13 Samia Samia NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 14 N N NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 15 ; ; : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 16 Greninger Greninger NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 17 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 18 Alexander Alexander NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 19 L L NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 20 title title NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 21 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 22 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 23 Laboratory Laboratory NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 24 Diagnosis Diagnosis NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 25 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 26 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 27 - - : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 28 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 29 Frequently frequently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 30 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 31 Asked ask VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 32 Questions Questions NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 33 date date NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 34 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 35 2020 2020 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 36 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 37 06 06 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 38 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 39 08 08 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 40 journal journal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 1 41 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 1 Clin Clin NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 2 Infect infect VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 3 Dis Dis NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 4 DOI doi NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 5 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 6 10.1093 10.1093 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 7 / / SYM cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 8 cid cid NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 9 / / SYM cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 10 ciaa742 ciaa742 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 11 sha sha NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 12 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 13 1cdbd855c329a862ed38cf22e2a2b98c4929bc28 1cdbd855c329a862ed38cf22e2a2b98c4929bc28 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 14 doc_id doc_id CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 15 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 16 318204 318204 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 17 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 2 18 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 1 t024w7h6 t024w7h6 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 2 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 3 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 4 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 5 played play VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 6 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 7 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 8 continue continue VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 9 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 10 play play VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 11 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 12 major major JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 13 role role NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 14 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 15 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 16 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 17 pandemic pandemic NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 3 18 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 2 ability ability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 3 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 4 detect detect VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 5 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 7 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 8 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 10 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 12 secretions secretion NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 13 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 14 essential essential JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 15 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 16 determine determine VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 17 when when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 18 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 19 individual individual NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 20 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 21 infected infect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 22 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 23 potentially potentially RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 24 infectious infectious JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 25 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 26 others other NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 4 27 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 2 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 3 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 4 used use VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 5 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 6 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 7 identification identification NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 8 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 9 management management NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 10 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 11 isolation isolation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 12 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 13 individual individual JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 14 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 5 15 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 2 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 3 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 4 also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 5 used use VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 6 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 7 determine determine VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 8 when when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 9 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 10 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 11 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 12 entered enter VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 13 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 14 community community NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 15 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 16 how how WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 17 rapidly rapidly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 19 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 20 spreading spread VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 6 21 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 1 As as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 2 communities community NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 3 attempt attempt VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 4 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 5 re re VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 6 - - VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 7 open open JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 8 following following JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 9 periods period NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 10 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 11 shutdown shutdown NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 13 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 14 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 16 both both DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 18 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 19 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 20 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 21 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 22 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 23 recognizing recognize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 24 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 25 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 26 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 27 become become VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 28 increasingly increasingly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 29 important important JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 30 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 31 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 32 means means NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 33 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 34 assess assess VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 35 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 36 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 37 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 38 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 39 individuals individual NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 40 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 41 communities community NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 7 42 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 1 Here here RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 3 discuss discuss VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 4 questions question NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 5 commonly commonly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 6 asked ask VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 7 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 8 clinicians clinician NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 9 about about IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 , cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 11 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 12 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 8 13 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 1 Limitations limitation NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 2 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 3 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 4 availability availability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 6 PPE PPE NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 7 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 8 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 9 supplies supply NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 10 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 11 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 12 addition addition NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 13 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 14 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 15 operational operational JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 16 difficulty difficulty NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 17 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 18 scaling scale VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 19 NP NP NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 20 swab swab NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 21 collections collection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 22 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 23 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 24 screening screening NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 25 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 26 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 27 led lead VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 28 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 29 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 30 evaluation evaluation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 31 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 32 alternative alternative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 33 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 34 including include VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 35 nasal nasal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 36 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 37 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 38 mid mid JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 39 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 40 turbinate turbinate JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 41 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 42 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 43 oropharyngeal oropharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 44 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 45 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 46 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 47 saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 9 48 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 1 Saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 2 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 3 particularly particularly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 4 attractive attractive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 5 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 7 requires require VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 8 neither neither CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 9 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 10 nor nor CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 11 transport transport NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 12 media medium NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 14 although although IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 15 collection collection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 16 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 17 processing processing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 18 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 19 saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 20 presents present VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 21 other other JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 22 challenges challenge NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 24 20 20 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 10 26 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 2 comparability comparability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 4 these these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 5 specimen specimen JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 6 types type NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 7 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 8 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 9 qualitative qualitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 10 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 11 depends depend VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 12 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 13 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 14 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 15 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 16 present present JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 17 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 18 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 19 time time NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 20 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 21 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 11 22 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 1 Oropharyngeal oropharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 2 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 3 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 4 shown show VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 5 less less JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 6 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 7 compared compare VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 8 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 9 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 10 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 11 nasal nasal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 12 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 14 21 21 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 12 16 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 1 Nasal nasal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 2 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 3 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 4 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 5 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 6 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 7 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 8 comparable comparable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 9 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 10 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 11 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 12 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 13 more more JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 14 studies study NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 15 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 16 needed need VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 17 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 18 compare compare VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 19 these these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 20 specimens specimen NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 21 across across IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 22 different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 23 patient patient JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 24 populations population NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 13 25 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 1 New new JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 2 specimen specimen JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 3 types type NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 4 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 5 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 6 EUA EUA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 7 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 8 must must MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 9 receive receive VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 10 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 11 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 12 amendment amendment NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 13 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 14 that that DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 15 specimen specimen JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 16 type type NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 17 before before IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 19 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 20 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 21 reported report VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 14 22 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 1 Some some DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 2 studies study NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 3 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 4 indicated indicate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 5 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 6 self self NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 7 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 8 collected collect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 9 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 10 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 11 comparable comparable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 12 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 13 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 14 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 15 those those DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 16 collected collect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 17 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 18 health health NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 19 care care NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 20 providers provider NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 21 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 22 which which WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 23 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 24 obviate obviate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 25 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 26 need need NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 27 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 28 use use VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 29 PPE PPE NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 30 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 31 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 33 22 22 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 36 23 23 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 39 24 24 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 42 25 25 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 15 44 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 1 Although although IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 2 sputum sputum NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 3 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 4 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 5 lavage lavage NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 6 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 7 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 8 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 9 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 10 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 11 loads load NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 12 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 13 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 14 therefore therefore RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 15 provide provide VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 16 greater great JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 17 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 18 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 19 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 20 upper upper JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 22 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 24 26 26 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 25 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 26 27 27 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 28 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 29 particularly particularly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 30 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 31 later later JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 32 stages stage NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 33 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 34 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 35 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 36 they -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 37 entail entail VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 38 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 39 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 40 risk risk NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 41 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 42 aerosol aerosol NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 43 generation generation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 44 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 45 require require VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 46 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 47 invasive invasive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 48 procedure procedure NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 49 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 50 so so IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 51 these these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 52 sample sample NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 53 types type NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 54 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 55 obtained obtain VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 56 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 57 selectively selectively RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 16 58 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 3 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 4 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 5 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 6 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 7 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 8 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 9 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 10 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 11 n n NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 12 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 13 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 14 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 15 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 16 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 17 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 18 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 20 28 28 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 21 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 22 29 29 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 17 24 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 1 This this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 2 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 3 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 4 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 5 consequence consequence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 6 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 7 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 8 variable variable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 9 distribution distribution NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 10 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 11 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 13 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 14 receptor receptor NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 15 protein protein NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 16 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 17 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 19 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 21 30 30 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 18 23 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 3 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 4 tropism tropism NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 5 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 6 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 7 lower low JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 9 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 10 was be VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 11 also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 12 seen see VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 13 during during IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 14 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 15 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 16 influenza influenza NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 17 epidemic epidemic NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 19 31 31 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 19 21 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 1 Is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 3 worth worth JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 4 repeating repeat VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 5 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 6 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 7 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 8 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 9 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 10 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 11 tested test VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 12 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 20 13 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 1 In in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 2 view view NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 4 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 5 less less JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 6 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 7 ideal ideal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 8 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 9 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 10 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 11 NP NP NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 12 swab swab NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 13 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 14 detect detect VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 16 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 18 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 21 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 22 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 23 useful useful JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 24 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 25 repeat repeat VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 26 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 27 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 28 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 29 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 30 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 31 whom whom WP cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 32 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 33 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 34 suspicion suspicion NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 35 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 36 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 38 32 32 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 21 40 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 1 In in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 3 experience experience NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 4 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 5 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 6 yield yield NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 8 repeat repeat NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 9 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 10 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 11 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 12 same same JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 13 source source NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 14 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 15 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 17 33 33 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 22 19 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 3 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 4 yield yield NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 5 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 6 repeat repeat NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 7 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 8 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 9 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 10 substantial substantial JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 11 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 12 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 13 prevalence prevalence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 14 settings setting NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 16 34 34 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 23 18 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 1 shedding shed VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 2 culturable culturable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 3 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 4 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 5 about about RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 6 one one CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 7 week week NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 8 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 9 symptom symptom NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 10 onset onset NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 11 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 12 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 13 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 14 continue continue VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 15 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 16 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 17 detectable detectable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 18 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 19 RNA rna NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 20 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 23 tracts tract NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 24 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 25 longer long JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 26 periods period NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 28 time time NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 30 35 35 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 31 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 32 36 36 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 24 34 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 1 More more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 2 severely severely RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 3 ill ill JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 4 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 5 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 6 remain remain VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 9 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 10 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 11 longer long RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 13 sometimes sometimes RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 14 extending extend VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 15 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 16 weeks week NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 17 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 18 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 19 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 20 months month NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 22 37 37 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 25 24 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 2 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 5 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 6 also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 7 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 8 found find VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 9 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 10 stool stool NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 11 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 12 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 13 typically typically RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 14 continues continue VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 15 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 16 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 17 detectable detectable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 18 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 19 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 20 feces fece NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 21 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 22 weeks week NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 24 38 38 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 26 26 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 3 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 4 human human JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 5 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 6 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 7 cells cell NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 8 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 9 support support VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 10 replication replication NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 11 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 12 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 13 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 14 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 15 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 16 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 17 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 18 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 19 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 20 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 21 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 22 n n NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 23 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 24 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 25 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 26 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 27 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 28 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 29 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 30 7 7 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 31 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 32 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 34 39 39 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 36 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 37 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 38 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 39 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 40 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 41 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 42 been be VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 43 cultured culture VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 44 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 45 stool stool NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 46 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 48 40 40 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 27 50 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 1 Fecal fecal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 2 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 3 oral oral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 4 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 7 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 8 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 9 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 10 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 11 been be VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 12 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 14 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 15 there there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 16 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 17 concern concern NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 18 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 19 fecal fecal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 20 shedding shedding NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 21 might may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 22 contribute contribute VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 23 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 24 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 25 spread spread NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 26 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 27 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 28 28 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 1 Does do VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 2 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 3 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 4 specimen specimen NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 5 mean mean NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 6 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 7 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 8 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 9 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 10 infectious infectious JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 29 11 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 30 1 Not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 30 2 necessarily necessarily RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 30 3 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 1 Although although IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 2 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 3 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 4 acids acid NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 5 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 6 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 7 detected detect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 8 during during IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 9 convalescence convalescence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 11 35 35 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 14 culturable culturable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 15 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 16 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 17 believed believe VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 18 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 19 represent represent VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 20 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 21 better well JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 22 correlate correlate NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 23 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 24 infectivity infectivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 26 41 41 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 31 28 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 4 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 6 culture culture NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 7 requires require VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 8 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 9 BSL-3 BSL-3 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 10 facility facility NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 11 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 12 there there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 13 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 14 no no DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 15 authorized authorize VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 17 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 18 utilizing utilize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 20 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 21 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 22 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 23 culture culture NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 24 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 25 this this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 26 time time NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 27 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 28 so so RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 29 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 30 monitoring monitoring NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 31 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 32 dependent dependent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 33 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 34 RNA RNA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 35 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 32 36 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 33 1 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 33 2 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 1 Two two CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 2 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 3 PCR pcr NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 4 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 5 at at RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 6 least least JJS cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 7 24 24 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 8 hours hour NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 9 apart apart RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 10 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 11 commonly commonly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 12 used use VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 13 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 14 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 15 criterion criterion NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 16 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 17 discontinue discontinue VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 18 isolation isolation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 20 42 42 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 34 22 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 3 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 4 number number NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 6 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 7 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 8 revert revert VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 9 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 10 PCR pcr NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 11 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 12 positivity positivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 13 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 14 two two CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 15 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 16 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 18 43 43 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 35 20 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 1 This this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 2 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 3 reflect reflect VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 4 fluctuations fluctuation NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 5 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 6 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 7 quantity quantity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 8 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 9 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 11 shedding shed VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 12 during during IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 13 recovery recovery NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 36 14 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 1 When when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 2 monitoring monitor VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 3 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 4 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 5 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 6 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 7 inferred infer VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 8 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 9 real real JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 10 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 11 time time NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 12 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 13 cycle cycle NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 14 threshold threshold NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 16 Ct Ct NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 18 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 19 cases case NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 20 that that WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 21 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 22 reverted revert VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 23 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 24 positivity positivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 25 consistently consistently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 26 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 27 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 28 Ct ct JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 29 values value NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 30 indicative indicative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 31 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 32 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 33 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 34 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 35 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 37 44 44 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 37 39 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 1 There there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 2 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 3 presently presently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 4 little little JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 5 evidence evidence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 6 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 7 true true JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 8 virological virological JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 9 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 11 relapse relapse NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 13 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 14 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 15 prognosis prognosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 16 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 17 these these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 18 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 19 appears appear VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 20 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 21 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 22 good good JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 38 23 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 3 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 4 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 5 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 6 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 7 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 8 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 9 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 10 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 11 n n NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 12 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 13 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 14 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 15 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 16 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 17 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 18 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 19 8 8 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 20 Is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 21 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 22 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 24 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 25 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 39 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 40 1 useful useful JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 40 2 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 1 There there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 2 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 3 some some DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 4 correlation correlation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 5 between between IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 6 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 7 severity severity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 8 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 9 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 10 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 11 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 12 presentation presentation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 14 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 15 inferred infer VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 16 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 17 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 18 real real JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 19 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 20 time time NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 22 cycle cycle NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 23 threshold threshold NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 25 Ct Ct NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 28 37 37 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 29 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 30 45 45 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 41 32 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 3 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 4 isolated isolated JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 5 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 6 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 7 estimate estimate NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 8 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 9 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 10 limited limited JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 11 prognostic prognostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 12 value value NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 14 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 15 even even RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 16 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 17 individuals individual NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 18 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 19 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 20 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 21 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 22 loads load NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 24 46 46 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 42 26 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 1 Viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 2 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 3 trends trend NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 4 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 5 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 6 greater great JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 7 value value NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 8 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 9 might may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 10 help help VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 11 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 12 inform inform VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 13 decisions decision NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 14 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 15 initiate initiate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 16 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 17 trial trial NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 18 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 19 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 20 therapy therapy NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 21 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 22 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 23 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 24 loads load NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 25 typically typically RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 26 decline decline VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 27 regardless regardless RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 28 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 29 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 30 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 31 course course NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 33 3 3 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 34 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 35 6 6 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 36 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 37 47 47 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 43 39 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 1 Older old JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 2 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 3 tend tend VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 4 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 5 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 6 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 7 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 8 loads load NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 10 6 6 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 13 just just RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 14 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 16 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 17 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 18 greater great JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 19 risk risk NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 20 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 21 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 22 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 23 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 24 critical critical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 25 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 27 48 48 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 28 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 29 49 49 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 44 31 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 1 imply imply VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 2 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 3 only only RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 4 one one CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 6 two two CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 8 targets target NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 9 was be VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 10 detected detect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 11 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 12 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 13 confirmation confirmation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 14 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 15 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 16 different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 17 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 18 that that WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 19 detects detect VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 20 alternative alternative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 21 targets target NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 22 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 23 recommended recommend VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 45 24 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 1 Given give VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 2 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 3 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 4 specificity specificity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 6 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 8 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 9 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 10 most most RBS cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 11 inconclusive inconclusive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 12 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 13 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 14 ultimately ultimately RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 15 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 16 confirmed confirm VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 17 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 18 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 46 19 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 1 Inconclusive inconclusive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 2 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 3 Indeterminate indeterminate JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 4 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 5 could could MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 6 also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 7 indicate indicate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 8 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 9 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 10 internal internal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 11 controls control NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 12 failed fail VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 13 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 14 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 15 indicate indicate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 16 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 17 technical technical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 18 issue issue NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 20 such such JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 21 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 22 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 23 presence presence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 24 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 25 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 26 PCR pcr NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 27 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 28 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 29 substance substance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 30 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 31 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 32 sample sample NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 47 33 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 1 Different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 2 labs lab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 3 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 4 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 5 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 6 use use VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 7 different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 8 terminology terminology NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 9 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 10 so so CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 12 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 13 worth worth JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 14 contacting contact VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 15 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 16 given give VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 18 laboratory laboratory NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 19 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 20 determine determine VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 21 how how WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 23 report report VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 24 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 25 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 26 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 48 27 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 1 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 2 platforms platform NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 3 used use VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 4 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 5 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 6 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 8 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 10 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 12 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 14 proteins protein NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 15 include include VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 16 rapid rapid JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 17 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 18 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 20 RDT RDT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 22 such such JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 23 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 24 lateral lateral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 25 flow flow NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 26 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 28 LFA LFA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 30 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 31 enzyme enzyme NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 32 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 33 linked link VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 34 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 35 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 37 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 39 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 40 neutralization neutralization NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 41 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 42 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 43 chemiluminescent chemiluminescent NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 44 immunoassays immunoassays NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 46 50 50 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 49 48 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 1 Only only JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 2 neutralization neutralization NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 3 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 4 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 5 provide provide VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 6 information information NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 7 regarding regard VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 8 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 9 ability ability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 10 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 11 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 12 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 13 inhibit inhibit VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 14 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 15 growth growth NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 50 16 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 2 performance performance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 4 various various JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 5 serologic serologic NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 6 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 7 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 8 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 9 variable variable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 10 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 11 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 12 RT RT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 13 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 15 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 16 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 18 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 19 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 21 8 8 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 22 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 24 51 51 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 27 52 52 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 30 53 53 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 51 32 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 1 This this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 2 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 3 particularly particularly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 4 important important JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 5 because because IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 6 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 7 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 8 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 9 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 10 predictive predictive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 11 value value NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 12 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 13 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 14 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 15 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 17 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 18 only only RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 19 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 20 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 21 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 22 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 23 accuracy accuracy NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 24 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 25 also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 26 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 27 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 28 prevalence prevalence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 29 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 30 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 31 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 32 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 33 population population NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 52 34 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 1 An an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 2 insensitive insensitive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 3 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 4 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 5 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 6 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 7 poor poor JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 8 ability ability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 9 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 10 exclude exclude VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 11 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 12 presence presence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 13 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 14 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 15 when when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 16 prevalence prevalence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 17 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 18 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 20 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 21 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 22 germane germane JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 23 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 24 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 25 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 26 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 27 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 28 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 29 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 30 specificity specificity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 31 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 32 have have VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 33 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 34 poor poor JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 35 ability ability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 36 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 37 indicate indicate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 38 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 39 presence presence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 40 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 41 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 42 when when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 43 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 44 prevalence prevalence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 45 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 46 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 53 47 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 1 When when WRB cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 2 only only RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 3 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 4 few few JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 5 percent percent NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 6 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 7 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 8 population population NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 9 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 10 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 11 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 13 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 15 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 16 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 17 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 18 presently presently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 19 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 20 case case NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 21 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 22 most most JJS cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 23 regions region NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 24 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 25 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 26 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 27 result result NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 28 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 29 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 30 serologic serologic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 31 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 32 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 33 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 34 specificity specificity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 35 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 36 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 37 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 38 likely likely JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 39 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 40 represent represent VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 41 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 42 false false JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 43 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 44 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 54 45 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 1 There there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 2 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 3 four four CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 4 kinds kind NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 6 human human JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 8 that that WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 9 cause cause VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 10 mild mild JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 11 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 12 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 13 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 14 moderate moderate JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 15 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 17 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 18 infections infection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 19 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 20 229E 229e CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 21 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 22 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 23 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 24 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 25 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 26 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 55 27 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 1 Cross cross NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 2 - - NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 3 reactivity reactivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 4 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 5 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 6 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 7 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 8 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 9 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 10 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 11 theoretical theoretical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 12 concern concern NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 13 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 14 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 16 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 18 serologic serologic NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 19 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 20 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 21 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 22 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 23 most most JJS cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 24 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 25 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 26 commercial commercial JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 27 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 28 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 29 thus thus RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 30 far far RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 31 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 32 this this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 33 does do VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 34 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 35 seem seem VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 36 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 37 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 38 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 39 case case NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 41 54 54 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 42 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 43 55 55 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 56 45 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 1 To to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 2 rule rule VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 4 out out RP cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 5 cross cross NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 6 reactivity reactivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 7 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 8 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 9 new new JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 10 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 11 should should MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 12 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 13 tested test VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 14 against against IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 15 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 16 panel panel NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 17 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 18 serum serum NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 19 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 20 that that WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 21 pre pre JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 22 - - NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 23 date date VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 24 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 25 emergence emergence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 26 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 28 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 30 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 31 ideally ideally RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 32 more more JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 33 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 34 500 500 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 35 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 36 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 37 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 38 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 39 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 40 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 41 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 42 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 43 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 44 d d NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 57 45 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 1 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 2 n n NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 3 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 4 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 5 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 6 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 7 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 8 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 9 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 10 10 10 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 11 accurately accurately RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 12 ascertain ascertain VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 13 specificity specificity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 58 14 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 1 Cross cross NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 2 - - NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 3 reactivity reactivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 4 between between IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 6 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 7 CoV-1 CoV-1 NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 8 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 9 MERS MERS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 10 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 11 CoV CoV NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 12 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 14 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 15 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 16 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 17 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 18 likely likely JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 20 56 56 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 22 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 23 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 24 should should MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 25 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 26 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 27 limited limited JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 28 concern concern NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 59 29 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 1 Are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 2 serologic serologic NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 3 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 4 useful useful JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 5 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 6 diagnose diagnose VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 7 acute acute JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 8 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 60 9 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 1 Although although IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 2 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 3 primary primary JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 4 use use NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 6 serologic serologic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 7 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 8 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 9 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 10 determine determine VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 11 prior prior JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 12 exposure exposure NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 13 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 15 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 17 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 18 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 19 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 20 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 21 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 22 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 23 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 24 support support VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 25 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 26 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 28 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 29 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 30 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 31 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 32 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 33 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 34 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 35 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 36 suspicion suspicion NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 37 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 38 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 39 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 40 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 42 57 57 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 43 - - SYM cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 44 59 59 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 61 46 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 1 IgM IgM NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 2 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 3 IgG IgG NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 4 directed direct VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 5 against against IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 7 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 8 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 9 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 10 appear appear VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 11 as as RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 12 early early RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 13 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 14 3 3 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 15 - - SYM cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 16 6 6 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 17 days day NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 18 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 19 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 20 onset onset NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 21 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 22 symptoms symptom NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 62 23 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 1 By by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 2 three three CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 3 weeks week NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 4 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 5 nearly nearly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 6 all all DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 7 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 8 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 9 seroconverted seroconverte VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 10 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 11 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 12 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 13 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 14 persist persist VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 15 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 16 at at RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 17 least least RBS cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 18 two two CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 19 months month NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 20 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 21 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 22 IgG IgG NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 23 showing show VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 24 greater great JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 25 persistence persistence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 27 4 4 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 28 - - SYM cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 29 8 8 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 30 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 31 59 59 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 63 33 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 2 duration duration NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 4 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 5 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 6 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 9 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 10 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 11 unknown unknown JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 64 12 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 1 Antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 2 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 3 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 4 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 5 common common JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 7 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 8 decay decay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 9 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 10 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 11 few few JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 12 years year NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 14 56 56 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 16 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 17 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 19 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 20 suspected suspect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 21 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 22 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 23 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 25 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 26 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 27 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 28 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 29 similar similar JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 65 30 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 1 Antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 2 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 3 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 4 been be VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 5 observed observe VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 6 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 7 nearly nearly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 8 all all DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 9 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 10 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 13 although although IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 15 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 16 possible possible JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 17 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 18 some some DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 19 very very RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 20 mild mild JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 21 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 22 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 23 infections infection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 24 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 25 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 26 infections infection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 27 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 28 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 29 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 30 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 31 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 32 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 33 result result VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 34 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 35 seroconversion seroconversion NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 37 5 5 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 38 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 39 60 60 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 66 41 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 3 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 4 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 5 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 6 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 7 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 8 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 9 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 67 10 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 1 n n CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 2 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 3 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 4 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 5 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 6 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 7 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 8 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 68 9 11 11 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 1 Does do VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 2 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 3 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 4 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 5 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 6 mean mean VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 7 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 8 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 9 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 10 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 11 immune immune JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 69 12 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 2 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 3 likely likely JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 4 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 5 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 6 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 8 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 10 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 11 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 12 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 13 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 14 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 15 history history NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 16 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 17 COVID-19-like COVID-19-like NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 18 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 19 will will MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 20 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 21 indicative indicative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 22 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 23 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 24 least least JJS cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 25 some some DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 26 degree degree NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 28 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 30 61 61 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 70 32 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 1 Experimental experimental JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 2 animals animal NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 3 re re VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 4 - - VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 5 challenged challenge VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 6 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 7 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 8 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 9 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 10 resistance resistance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 11 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 12 re re VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 13 - - NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 14 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 16 62 62 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 71 18 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 3 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 4 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 5 cutoff cutoff NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 6 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 7 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 8 titer titer NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 9 that that WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 10 correlates correlate VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 11 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 12 protective protective JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 13 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 14 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 15 undefined undefined JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 72 16 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 1 As as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 2 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 3 other other JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 4 viruses virus NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 5 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 7 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 8 possible possible JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 9 that that IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 10 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 11 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 12 titer titer NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 13 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 15 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 16 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 17 protective protective JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 73 18 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 1 Also also RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 4 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 5 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 6 presently presently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 7 known know VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 8 whether whether IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 9 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 10 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 11 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 12 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 13 primary primary JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 14 mechanism mechanism NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 16 immune immune JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 17 protection protection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 74 18 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 1 In in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 2 fact fact NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 3 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 4 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 5 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 6 titers titer NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 7 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 8 observed observe VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 9 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 10 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 11 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 12 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 13 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 14 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 16 5 5 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 17 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 18 6 6 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 20 51 51 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 75 22 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 1 As as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 2 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 3 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 4 mild mild JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 6 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 7 recover recover VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 8 despite despite IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 9 low low JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 10 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 11 titers titer NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 13 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 14 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 15 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 16 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 17 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 18 have have VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 19 persistent persistent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 20 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 21 despite despite IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 22 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 23 development development NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 24 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 25 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 26 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 27 titers titer NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 28 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 29 one one PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 30 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 31 question question VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 32 whether whether IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 33 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 34 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 35 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 36 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 37 fact fact NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 38 protective protective JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 76 39 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 2 reported report VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 3 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 4 benefits benefit NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 6 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 7 plasma plasma NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 8 might may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 9 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 10 due due JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 11 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 12 constituents constituent NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 13 other other JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 14 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 15 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 16 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 18 63 63 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 77 20 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 3 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 4 development development NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 6 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 8 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 9 accompanied accompany VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 10 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 11 T T NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 12 cell cell NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 13 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 15 64 64 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 16 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 17 65 65 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 20 which which WDT cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 21 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 22 contribute contribute VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 23 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 24 protection protection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 78 25 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 79 1 Are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 79 2 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 79 3 serologies serology NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 79 4 helpful helpful JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 79 5 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 1 Because because IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 5 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 6 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 7 new new JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 8 human human JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 9 pathogen pathogen NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 10 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 11 pre pre VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 12 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 13 existing existing JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 14 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 15 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 80 16 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 1 non non JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 2 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 3 existent existent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 4 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 5 so so RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 6 acute acute JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 7 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 8 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 9 titers titer NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 10 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 11 not not RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 12 required require VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 13 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 14 establish establish VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 15 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 16 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 17 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 81 19 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 1 Until until IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 2 specific specific JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 3 cutoffs cutoff NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 4 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 5 identified identify VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 6 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 7 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 8 correlate correlate NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 9 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 10 protective protective JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 11 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 13 qualitative qualitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 14 serologic serologic NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 15 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 16 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 17 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 18 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 19 provide provide VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 20 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 21 guidance guidance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 82 22 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 3 reporting report VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 4 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 5 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 6 serological serological JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 7 read read NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 9 outs out NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 10 could could MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 11 offer offer VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 12 clinicians clinician NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 13 more more JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 14 information information NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 15 about about IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 16 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 17 potential potential NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 18 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 19 false false JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 20 positives positive NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 21 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 22 false false JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 23 negatives negative NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 24 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 25 values value NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 26 near near IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 27 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 28 positivity positivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 29 threshold threshold NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 83 30 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 3 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 4 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 5 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 6 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 7 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 8 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 9 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 10 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 11 n n NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 12 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 13 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 14 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 15 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 16 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 17 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 18 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 19 12 12 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 20 Is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 21 there there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 22 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 23 correlation correlation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 24 between between IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 25 age age NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 26 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 27 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 28 titer titer NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 84 29 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 1 Older old JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 2 age age NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 3 correlates correlate VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 4 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 5 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 6 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 7 likelihood likelihood NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 8 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 9 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 10 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 11 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 13 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 14 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 15 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 16 development development NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 17 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 18 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 19 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 20 titers titer NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 22 59 59 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 24 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 25 perhaps perhaps RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 26 due due IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 27 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 28 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 29 higher high JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 30 antigen antigen NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 31 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 85 32 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 1 Is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 2 point point NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 4 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 5 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 6 care care NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 7 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 8 available available JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 86 9 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 1 Affordable affordable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 2 point point NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 4 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 5 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 6 care care NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 8 POC POC NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 10 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 11 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 13 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 15 could could MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 16 facilitate facilitate VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 17 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 18 widespread widespread JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 19 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 20 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 21 contact contact NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 22 tracing trace VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 23 strategies strategy NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 24 proposed propose VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 25 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 26 post post JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 27 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 28 pandemic pandemic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 29 wave wave NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 30 containment containment NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 32 66 66 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 87 34 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 1 However however RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 2 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 3 performance performance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 4 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 5 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 6 usability usability NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 7 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 8 critical critical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 9 parameters parameter NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 10 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 11 these these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 12 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 14 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 16 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 17 typically typically RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 18 deployed deploy VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 19 without without IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 20 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 21 quality quality NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 22 assurance assurance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 23 apparatus apparatus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 24 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 25 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 26 high high JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 27 complexity complexity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 28 laboratory laboratory NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 88 29 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 2 POC POC NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 3 antigen antigen NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 4 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 5 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 6 was be VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 7 recently recently RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 8 authorized authorize VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 9 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 10 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 11 FDA FDA NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 12 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 13 but but CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 14 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 15 known know VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 16 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 17 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 18 less less RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 19 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 20 than than IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 21 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 22 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 23 so so RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 26 role role NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 27 has have VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 28 yet yet RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 29 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 30 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 31 defined define VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 89 32 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 1 Negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 2 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 3 using use VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 4 this this DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 5 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 6 should should MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 7 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 8 confirmed confirm VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 9 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 10 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 11 more more RBR cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 12 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 13 method method NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 14 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 15 most most JJS cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 16 instances instance NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 90 17 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 1 Other other JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 2 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 3 technologies technology NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 4 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 5 including include VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 6 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 7 CRISPR CRISPR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 9 based base VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 10 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 11 acid acid NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 12 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 13 system system NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 15 67 67 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 17 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 18 may may MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 19 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 20 utilized utilize VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 21 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 22 POC POC NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 23 formats format NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 24 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 25 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 26 future future NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 27 if if IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 28 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 29 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 30 can can MD cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 31 be be VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 32 achieved achieve VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 91 33 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 2 variety variety NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 4 biomarkers biomarker NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 5 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 6 including include VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 7 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 8 count count NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 9 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 10 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 11 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 12 tolymphocyte tolymphocyte NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 13 ratio ratio NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 14 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 15 CRP CRP NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 16 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 17 troponin troponin JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 18 T t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 20 D d NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 21 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 22 dimer dimer NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 23 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 24 LDH LDH NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 25 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 26 procalcitonin procalcitonin NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 27 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 28 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 29 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 30 ferritin ferritin NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 31 are be VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 32 predictive predictive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 33 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 34 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 35 progression progression NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 36 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 37 mortality mortality NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 38 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 39 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 41 table table NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 42 1 1 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 45 68 68 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 46 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 47 69 69 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 92 49 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 1 These these DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 2 laboratory laboratory NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 3 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 4 play play VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 5 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 6 vital vital JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 7 role role NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 8 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 9 identifying identify VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 10 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 11 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 12 risk risk NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 13 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 14 complications complication NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 15 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 16 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 17 guide guide VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 18 treatment treatment NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 19 interventions intervention NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 93 20 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 1 Early early JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 2 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 3 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 4 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 5 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 6 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 7 China China NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 8 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 9 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 10 novel novel JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 11 coronavirusinfected coronavirusinfecte VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 94 12 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 2 incubation incubation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 3 period period NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 4 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 6 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 7 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 11 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 12 publicly publicly RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 13 reported report VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 14 confirmed confirm VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 15 cases case NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 16 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 17 estimation estimation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 18 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 19 application application VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 20 Temporal temporal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 21 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 22 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 23 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 24 shedding shedding NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 25 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 26 transmissibility transmissibility NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 28 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 29 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 30 value value NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 31 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 32 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 33 variance variance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 34 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 35 serum serum NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 36 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 37 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 38 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 39 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 40 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 41 Antibody Antibody NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 42 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 43 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 44 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 45 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 46 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 47 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 48 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 49 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 50 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 51 Temporal temporal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 52 profiles profile NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 53 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 54 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 55 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 56 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 57 posterior posterior JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 58 oropharyngeal oropharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 59 saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 60 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 61 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 62 serum serum NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 63 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 64 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 65 during during IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 66 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 67 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 68 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 69 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 70 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 71 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 72 an an DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 73 observational observational JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 74 cohort cohort NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 75 study study NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 76 Antibody Antibody NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 77 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 78 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 79 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 80 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 81 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 82 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 83 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 84 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 85 Performance Performance NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 86 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 87 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 88 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 89 Abbott Abbott NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 90 Architect Architect NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 91 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 92 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 93 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 94 IgG igg NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 95 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 96 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 97 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 98 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 99 Presumed presumed JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 100 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 101 carrier carrier NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 102 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 103 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 104 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 105 A A NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 106 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 107 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 108 within within IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 109 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 110 family family NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 111 cluster cluster NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 112 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 113 presymptomatic presymptomatic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 114 infectors infector NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 115 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 116 China China NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 117 Contact Contact NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 118 tracing trace VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 119 assessment assessment NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 120 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 121 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 122 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 123 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 124 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 125 taiwan taiwan NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 126 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 127 risk risk NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 128 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 129 different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 130 exposure exposure NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 131 periods period NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 132 before before RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 133 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 134 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 135 symptom symptom NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 136 onset onset NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 137 COVID-19 covid-19 DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 138 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 139 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 140 native native JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 141 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 142 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 143 states state NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 144 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 145 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 146 clinicaltherapeutic clinicaltherapeutic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 147 staging staging NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 148 proposal proposal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 149 Infidelity Infidelity NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 150 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 151 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 152 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 153 CoV CoV NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 154 Nsp14-exonuclease Nsp14-exonuclease NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 155 mutant mutant JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 156 virus virus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 157 replication replication NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 158 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 159 revealed reveal VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 160 by by IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 161 complete complete JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 162 genome genome NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 163 sequencing sequencing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 164 Failure failure NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 165 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 166 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 95 167 Cobas Cobas NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 1 ® ® NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 6 Roche Roche NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 8 E e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 9 - - NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 10 gene gene NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 11 assay assay NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 12 is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 13 associated associate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 14 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 15 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 16 C c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 17 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 18 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 19 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 20 T t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 21 transition transition NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 22 at at IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 23 position position NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 24 26340 26340 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 25 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 26 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 28 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 30 genome genome NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 31 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 32 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 33 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 34 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 35 acute acute JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 36 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 37 syndrome syndrome NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 38 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 39 related relate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 40 coronavirus-2 coronavirus-2 NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 96 41 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 2 narrative narrative NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 3 review review NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 4 Food Food NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 5 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 6 Drug Drug NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 7 Administration Administration NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 97 8 . . . cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 1 Emergency emergency NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 2 Use Use NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 3 Authorizations Authorizations NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 4 Comparison Comparison NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 5 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 6 four four CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 7 molecular molecular JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 8 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 9 vitro vitro FW cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 11 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 12 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 13 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 14 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 17 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 18 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 19 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 20 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 98 21 specimens specimen NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 1 Comparison comparison NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 2 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 3 commercially commercially RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 4 available available JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 5 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 6 laboratory laboratory NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 7 developed develop VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 8 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 9 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 10 in in FW cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 11 vitro vitro FW cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 12 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 13 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 15 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 17 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 19 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 20 Performance Performance NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 21 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 22 Abbott Abbott NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 99 23 ID ID NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 1 NOW now RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 2 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 3 rapid rapid JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 4 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 5 acid acid NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 6 amplification amplification NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 7 test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 8 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 9 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 10 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 11 transported transport VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 12 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 13 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 14 media medium NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 15 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 16 dry dry JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 17 nasal nasal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 18 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 19 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 20 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 21 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 22 New New NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 23 York York NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 24 City City NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 25 academic academic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 26 institution institution NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 27 Saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 28 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 29 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 30 non non JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 31 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 32 invasive invasive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 33 sample sample NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 34 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 35 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 36 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 37 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 38 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 39 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 40 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 41 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 42 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 43 systematic systematic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 44 revieew revieew JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 45 Comparison comparison NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 46 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 47 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 48 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 49 oropharyngeal oropharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 50 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 51 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 52 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 53 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 54 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 55 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 56 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 57 353 353 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 58 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 59 received receive VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 60 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 61 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 62 both both DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 63 specimens specimen NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 64 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 65 Consistent consistent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 66 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 67 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 68 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 69 novel novel JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 70 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 71 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 72 saliva saliva NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 73 Effect effect NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 74 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 75 throat throat NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 76 washings washing NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 77 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 78 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 79 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 80 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 81 novel novel NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 82 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 83 Saliva Saliva NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 84 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 85 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 86 non non JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 87 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 88 invasive invasive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 89 specimen specimen NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 90 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 91 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 92 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 93 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 94 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 95 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 96 Patient Patient NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 97 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 98 collected collect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 99 tongue tongue NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 100 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 101 nasal nasal NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 102 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 103 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 104 mid mid JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 105 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 106 turbinate turbinate JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 107 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 108 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 109 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 110 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 111 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 112 yield yield VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 113 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 114 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 115 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 116 health health NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 117 care care NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 118 worker worker NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 119 collected collect VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 120 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 121 swabs swab NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 122 Detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 123 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 124 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 125 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 126 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 127 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 128 different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 129 types type NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 130 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 131 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 132 specimens specimen NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 133 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 134 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 135 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 136 Viral Viral NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 137 Load Load NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 138 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 139 Clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 140 Samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 141 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 142 Critically critically RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 143 Ill Ill NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 144 Patients Patients NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 145 Correlation Correlation NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 146 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 147 chest chest NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 148 CT CT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 149 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 150 RT RT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 151 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 152 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 153 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 154 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 155 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 156 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 157 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 158 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 159 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 160 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 161 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 162 China China NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 100 163 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 2 Report report NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 4 1014 1014 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 5 Cases Cases NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 6 Diagnosis Diagnosis NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 8 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 10 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 14 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 15 rRT rrt LS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 16 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 17 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 18 or or CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 19 CT CT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 21 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 23 reverse reverse JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 24 genetics genetics NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 25 reveals reveal VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 26 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 27 variable variable JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 28 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 29 gradient gradient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 30 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 31 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 32 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 33 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 34 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 35 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 36 influenza influenza NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 37 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 38 lower low JJR cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 39 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 40 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 41 sampling sampling NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 42 after after IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 43 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 44 upper upper JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 45 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 46 tract tract NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 47 sampling sampling NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 48 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 49 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 50 Society Society NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 51 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 52 America America NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 53 guidelines guideline NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 54 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 55 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 56 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 57 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 58 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 59 Occurrence Occurrence NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 60 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 61 timing timing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 62 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 63 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 64 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 65 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 66 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 67 RT RT NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 68 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 69 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 70 positivity positivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 71 among among IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 72 initially initially RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 73 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 74 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 75 Clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 76 performance performance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 77 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 78 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 79 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 80 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 81 molecular molecular JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 82 Testing Testing NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 83 Virological Virological NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 84 assessment assessment NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 85 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 86 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 87 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 88 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 101 89 COVID-2019 COVID-2019 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 1 Predicting predict VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 4 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 6 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 7 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 8 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 9 Viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 10 load load NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 11 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 12 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 13 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 14 severity severity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 15 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 16 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 17 infected infect VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 18 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 20 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 21 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 22 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 23 Zhejiang Zhejiang NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 24 province province NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 25 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 26 China China NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 27 Prolonged prolong VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 28 presence presence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 29 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 31 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 32 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 33 viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 34 RNA rna NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 35 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 36 faecal faecal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 102 37 samples sample NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 2 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 4 productively productively RB cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 5 infects infect VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 6 human human JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 7 gut gut NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 103 8 enterocytes enterocyte NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 1 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 4 CoV_2 CoV_2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 5 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 6 feces fece NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 8 patient patient NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 9 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 10 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 13 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 15 shedding shedding NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 16 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 17 infectivity infectivity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 18 Discontinuation discontinuation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 19 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 20 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 21 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 22 based base VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 23 precautions precaution NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 24 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 25 disposition disposition NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 26 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 27 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 28 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 29 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 30 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 31 healthcare healthcare NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 104 32 settings setting NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 2 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 3 turned turn VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 4 positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 5 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 6 25 25 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 7 discharged discharge VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 9 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 10 Findings Findings NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 11 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 12 Investigation Investigation NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 13 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 14 Analysis Analysis NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 16 Re Re NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 17 - - JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 18 Positive positive JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 19 Cases case NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 20 Viral viral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 21 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 22 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 23 mild mild JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 24 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 25 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 26 cases case NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 28 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 29 Presymptomatic Presymptomatic NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 31 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 32 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 33 infections infection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 34 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 35 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 36 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 37 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 38 skilled skilled JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 39 nursing nursing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 40 facility facility NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 41 Clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 42 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 43 virological virological JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 44 data datum NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 45 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 46 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 47 first first JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 48 cases case NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 49 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 50 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 51 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 52 Europe Europe NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 53 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 54 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 55 case case NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 56 series series NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 57 Estimating Estimating NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 58 clinical clinical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 59 severity severity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 60 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 61 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 62 from from IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 63 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 64 transmission transmission NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 65 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 66 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 67 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 68 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 69 China China NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 70 OpenSAFELY OpenSAFELY NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 71 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 72 factors factor NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 73 associated associate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 74 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 75 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 76 hospital hospital NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 77 death death NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 78 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 79 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 80 linked link VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 81 electronic electronic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 82 health health NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 83 records record NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 84 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 85 17 17 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 86 million million CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 87 adult adult NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 88 NHS NHS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 105 89 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 1 The the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 2 role role NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 4 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 5 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 6 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 106 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 107 1 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 107 2 Is be VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 107 3 there there EX cord-318204-t024w7h6 107 4 one one CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 107 5 ? ? . cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 1 Severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 2 acute acute JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 6 2-specific 2-specific CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 7 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 8 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 9 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 11 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 12 Test test NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 13 performance performance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 14 evaluation evaluation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 17 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 18 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 19 serological serological JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 20 assays assay NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 21 Evaluation evaluation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 22 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 23 nine nine CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 24 commercial commercial JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 26 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 27 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 28 immunoassays immunoassay VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 29 Patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 30 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 31 common common JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 32 cold cold JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 33 coronavirusaes coronavirusae NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 34 tested test VBD cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 35 negative negative JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 36 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 37 IgG IgG NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 38 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 39 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 40 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 41 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 42 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 43 Validation validation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 44 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 45 performance performance NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 46 comparison comparison NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 47 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 48 three three CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 49 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 50 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 51 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 108 52 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 109 1 assays assays NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 2 systematic systematic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 3 review review NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 4 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 5 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 6 mediated mediate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 7 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 8 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 9 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 10 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 11 antibody antibody NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 12 kinetics kinetics NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 13 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 14 correlates correlate VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 16 protection protection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 17 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 18 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 19 association association NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 20 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 21 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 22 disease disease NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 23 Profiling Profiling NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 24 early early JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 25 humoral humoral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 26 response response NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 27 to to TO cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 28 diagnose diagnose VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 29 novel novel JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 31 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 33 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-318204-t024w7h6 110 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 1 Early early JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 2 detection detection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 3 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 5 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 8 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 9 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 10 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 11 as as IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 12 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 13 serologic serologic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 14 marker marker NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 15 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 16 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 17 Longitudinal longitudinal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 18 change change NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 19 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 21 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 22 Cov2 Cov2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 23 antibodies antibody NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 24 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 25 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 26 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 27 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 28 Different different JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 29 longitudinal longitudinal JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 30 patterns pattern NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 31 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 32 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 33 acid acid NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 34 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 35 serology serology NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 36 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 37 results result NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 38 based base VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 39 on on IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 40 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 41 severity severity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 42 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 43 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 44 patients patient NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 45 COVID-19 covid-19 VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 46 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 47 postinfection postinfection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 48 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 111 49 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 1 Limited limited JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 2 Evidence evidence NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 3 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 4 Many many JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 5 Remaining Remaining NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 6 Questions Questions NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 8 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 10 infection infection NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 11 protects protect VBZ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 12 against against IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 13 rechallenge rechallenge NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 14 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 15 Rhesus Rhesus NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 16 Macaques Macaques NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 17 Convalescent Convalescent NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 18 plasma plasma NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 19 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 20 Covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 21 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 22 Possible possible JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 23 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 24 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 25 action action NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 26 Detection Detection NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 27 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 28 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 29 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 30 CoV-2-specific CoV-2-specific NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 31 humoral humoral JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 32 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 33 cellular cellular JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 34 immunity immunity NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 35 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 36 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 37 convalescent convalescent JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 38 individuals individual NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 39 Targets Targets NNPS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 40 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 41 T T NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 42 cell cell NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 43 responses response NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 44 to to IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 45 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 46 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 47 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 48 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 49 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 50 humans human NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 51 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 52 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 53 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 54 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 55 unexposed unexposed JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 56 individuals individual NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 57 Laboratory Laboratory NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 58 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 59 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 60 emerging emerge VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 61 human human JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 62 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 63 infections infection NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 64 -the -the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 65 state state NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 66 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 67 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 68 art art NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 69 Point point NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 70 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 71 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 72 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 73 care care NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 74 testing testing NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 75 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 76 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 77 using use VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 78 SHERLOCK SHERLOCK NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 79 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 80 Hematologic Hematologic NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 81 , , , cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 82 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 83 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 84 immune immune JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 85 biomarker biomarker NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 86 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 87 associated associate VBN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 88 with with IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 89 severe severe JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 90 illness illness NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 91 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 92 mortality mortality NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 93 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 94 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 95 disease disease NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 96 2019 2019 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 97 ( ( -LRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 98 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 99 ) ) -RRB- cord-318204-t024w7h6 112 100 : : : cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 1 a a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 2 meta meta JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 3 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 4 analysis analysis NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 5 Elevated elevated JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 6 levels level NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 7 of of IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 8 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 9 and and CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 10 CRP CRP NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 11 predict predict VBP cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 12 the the DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 13 need need NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 14 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 15 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 16 ventilation ventilation NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 17 in in IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 19 Interpreting interpret VBG cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 20 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 21 tests test NNS cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 22 for for IN cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 24 - - HYPH cord-318204-t024w7h6 113 25 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 114 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 115 1 c c NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 115 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 115 3 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 115 4 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 116 1 t t NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 116 2 e e NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 116 3 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 116 4 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 116 5 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 117 1 n n CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 117 2 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 117 3 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 117 4 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 117 5 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 118 1 i i PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 119 1 p p NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 119 2 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 119 3 15 15 CD cord-318204-t024w7h6 120 1 A a DT cord-318204-t024w7h6 121 1 c c NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 121 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 121 3 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 121 4 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 122 1 t t NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 122 2 e e NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 122 3 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 122 4 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 122 5 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 1 n n CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 2 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 3 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 4 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 5 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 123 6 i i PRP cord-318204-t024w7h6 124 1 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 124 2 t t NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 124 3 A a NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 125 1 c c NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 125 2 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 125 3 e e NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 125 4 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 126 1 t t NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 126 2 e e NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 126 3 d d NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 126 4 M M NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 126 5 a a NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 127 1 n n CC cord-318204-t024w7h6 127 2 u u NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 127 3 s s NNP cord-318204-t024w7h6 127 4 c c NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 127 5 r r NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 128 1 i i NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 128 2 p p NN cord-318204-t024w7h6 128 3 t t NN