id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-257662-viy65y72	Burrack, Kristina S.	The Role of Myeloid Cell Activation and Arginine Metabolism in the Pathogenesis of Virus-Induced Diseases	2014-09-08		.txt	text/plain	9002	391	33	Myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages, play an important role in this balance, particularly through the activities of the arginine-hydrolyzing enzymes nitric oxide synthase 2 (Nos2; iNOS) and arginase 1 (Arg1). In this review, we highlight recent studies of viral infections where myeloid cell polarization -resulting in expression of iNOS or Arg1 -contribute to viral control or the development of chronic virus infection and mediate the resolution of tissue damage or cause immunopathology. It was further shown that genetic deletion of myeloid cell Arg1 resulted in enhanced viral control in inflamed muscle tissue and reduced tissue pathology following RRV infection in mice (69) , suggesting an important role for Arg1-expressing macrophages in the persistence of these chronic viruses. In the absence of iNKT cells, influenza A (PR/8 strain) infection was shown to induce the expansion of CD11b + GR-1 + MDSCs in the lungs of mice, which suppressed influenza-specific T cell and antibody responses through the activity of both arginase and NOS, resulting in higher viral titers and increased mortality (81) .	./cache/cord-257662-viy65y72.txt	./txt/cord-257662-viy65y72.txt