Distant Reader - journal-intJEnvironResPublicHealth-cord

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-30 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader cord process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of CORD, a data set of scholarly articles on the topic of COVID-19. The actual query was: facet_journal:"Int J Environ Res Public Health". The results of this query were saved in a cache and transformed into a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 255 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,568,617 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 6,299 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 48. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

health, covid, study, social, data, public, also, pandemic, number, model, risk, cases, disease, use, analysis, used, studies, people, time, population, research, based, among, may, patients, related, results, information, using, factors, high, one, coronavirus, reported, age, two, food, different, table, level, first, care, impact, self, infection, i, higher, physical, sars, china

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19, Moving Health Literacy Research and Practice towards a Vision of Equity, Precision and Transparency, and The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

public health, mental health, social media, health care, physical activity, novel coronavirus, social distancing, coronavirus disease, infectious diseases, infectious disease, social support, systematic review, health literacy, air pollution, respiratory syndrome, world health, united states, acute respiratory, present study, hong kong, health organization, risk perception, risk factors, confirmed cases, health doi, ijerph sha, res public, doc id, cord uid, environ res, psychological distress, climate change, saudi arabia, severe acute, cruise ship, statistically significant, previous studies, food safety, health problems, health outcomes, older adults, data collection, healthcare workers, physical education, life satisfaction, authors declare, emotional intelligence, age groups, breast cancer, healthcare facilities

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China What Caused the Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: From the Perspective of Crisis Management, and Impact on Mental Health Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal and Brazil.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

covid-19, health, china, sars, study, social, patient, wuhan, pandemic, model, march, work, self, saudi, risk, mers, dental, taiwan, stress, psychological, food, child, age, student, spain, ppe, pcr, old, korea, kong, italy, hong, coronavirus, chinese, april, air, woman, virus, population, physical, perception, people, n95, medium, measure, kenya, internet, infection, impact, exercise

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be health, and Are Health Literacy and Lifestyle of Undergraduates Related to the Educational Field? An Italian Survey is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

health, social, study - Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use
covid, cases, number - The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting
health, research, social - Connecting at Local Level: Exploring Opportunities for Future Design of Technology to Support Social Connections in Age-friendly Communities
covid, patients, health - Covid-19 Pandemic: What Changes for Dentists and Oral Medicine Experts? A Narrative Review and Novel Approaches to Infection Containment
study, cruise, studies - Impacts of Thresholds of Gray Value for Cone-Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction on the Accuracy of Image Matching with Optical Scan

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

health, study, data, people, number, cases, model, risk, studies, pandemic, population, time, patients, analysis, disease, research, results, information, factors, use, age, level, self, food, infection, countries, participants, measures, care, impact, outbreak, work, effects, media, children, behavior, variables, community, effect, life, group, control, students, coronavirus, years, transmission, symptoms, case, virus, response

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

using, shown, included, based, reported, related, increasing, provided, finding, consider, associated, following, compared, identify, made, developed, reduce, indicating, perceive, taking, affect, improve, needed, confirmed, conducted, assessing, according, caused, predict, see, presented, leading, suggest, analyzed, performed, measured, represent, working, obtained, given, focused, supported, regarded, examined, understood, infected, required, estimate, applied, become

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

COVID-19, Health, China, SARS, Table, Wuhan, CoV-2, March, Coronavirus, Public, January, April, Italy, World, MERS, Figure, Disease, United, Korea, Social, USA, Spain, South, •, CoV, States, February, Organization, Environ, Study, Res, Int, National, Hong, Analysis, Saudi, Kong, J, Arabia, University, A, Pandemic, Care, Africa, Review, May, Impact, Control, Research, sha

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, their, we, they, our, its, them, i, you, themselves, us, your, my, her, one, his, she, me, he, itself, oneself, himself, yourself, him, myself, herself, ourselves, em, covid-19, 's, u, theirs, ours, ≤four, ζ, β, zoo-, ya, tuberculosis, t, mine, mg, m, igm/, https://www.wenjuan.com/, ehl, cord-318336-hslnkv6p, 19–27, -1840

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

social, public, covid-19, high, different, higher, significant, physical, new, psychological, first, positive, important, low, infectious, online, mental, respiratory, many, environmental, medical, non, local, negative, human, current, specific, total, lower, clinical, previous, global, possible, available, general, older, personal, several, severe, similar, emotional, economic, large, dental, greater, potential, main, future, effective, national

also, however, well, therefore, significantly, even, respectively, especially, first, often, moreover, furthermore, finally, particularly, still, less, directly, specifically, mainly, additionally, highly, statistically, already, much, positively, relatively, almost, rather, currently, generally, approximately, frequently, now, usually, least, online, potentially, hence, always, rapidly, previously, worldwide, together, negatively, effectively, far, better, second, strongly, similarly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.